Merge branch 'np/pack'

* np/pack:
  add the capability for index-pack to read from a stream
  index-pack: compare only the first 20-bytes of the key.
  git-repack: repo.usedeltabaseoffset
  pack-objects: document --delta-base-offset option
  allow delta data reuse even if base object is a preferred base
  zap a debug remnant
  let the GIT native protocol use offsets to delta base when possible
  make pack data reuse compatible with both delta types
  make git-pack-objects able to create deltas with offset to base
  teach git-index-pack about deltas with offset to base
  teach git-unpack-objects about deltas with offset to base
  introduce delta objects with offset to base

12 files changed, 602 insertions, 299 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index 84e38911e..05d657444 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -230,6 +230,10 @@ pull.octopus::
 pull.twohead::
 	The default merge strategy to use when pulling a single branch.
 
+repack.usedeltabaseoffset::
+	Allow gitlink:git-repack[1] to create packs that uses
+	delta-base offset.  Defaults to false.
+
 show.difftree::
 	The default gitlink:git-diff-tree[1] arguments to be used
 	for gitlink:git-show[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index f52e8fa8b..a1e55054b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-pack-objects - Create a packed archive of objects
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git-pack-objects' [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--non-empty]
+'git-pack-objects' [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
 	[--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N]
 	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name] < object-list
 
@@ -111,6 +111,17 @@ base-name::
 	This flag tells the command not to reuse existing deltas
 	but compute them from scratch.
 
+--delta-base-offset::
+	A packed archive can express base object of a delta as
+	either 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
+	stream, but older version of git does not understand the
+	latter.  By default, git-pack-objects only uses the
+	former format for better compatibility.  This option
+	allows the command to use the latter format for
+	compactness.  Depending on the average delta chain
+	length, this option typically shrinks the resulting
+	packfile by 3-5 per-cent.
+
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index d2eaa0995..0fa47e3b0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -67,6 +67,20 @@ OPTIONS
 	The default value for both --window and --depth is 10.
 
 
+Configuration
+-------------
+
+When configuration variable `repack.UseDeltaBaseOffset` is set
+for the repository, the command passes `--delta-base-offset`
+option to `git-pack-objects`; this typically results in slightly
+smaller packs, but the generated packs are incompatible with
+versions of git older than (and including) v1.4.3; do not set
+the variable in a repository that older version of git needs to
+be able to read (this includes repositories from which packs can
+be copied out over http or rsync, and people who obtained packs
+that way can try to use older git with it).
+
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
diff --git a/builtin-pack-objects.c b/builtin-pack-objects.c
index 96c069a81..41e1e7453 100644
--- a/builtin-pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-pack-objects.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <signal.h>
 
-static const char pack_usage[] = "git-pack-objects [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--non-empty] [--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name] <ref-list | <object-list]";
+static const char pack_usage[] = "git-pack-objects [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty] [--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name] <ref-list | <object-list]";
 
 struct object_entry {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ struct object_entry {
 	enum object_type type;
 	enum object_type in_pack_type;	/* could be delta */
 	unsigned long delta_size;	/* delta data size (uncompressed) */
+#define in_pack_header_size delta_size	/* only when reusing pack data */
 	struct object_entry *delta;	/* delta base object */
 	struct packed_git *in_pack; 	/* already in pack */
 	unsigned int in_pack_offset;
@@ -60,6 +61,8 @@ static int non_empty;
 static int no_reuse_delta;
 static int local;
 static int incremental;
+static int allow_ofs_delta;
+
 static struct object_entry **sorted_by_sha, **sorted_by_type;
 static struct object_entry *objects;
 static int nr_objects, nr_alloc, nr_result;
@@ -84,17 +87,25 @@ static int object_ix_hashsz;
  * Pack index for existing packs give us easy access to the offsets into
  * corresponding pack file where each object's data starts, but the entries
  * do not store the size of the compressed representation (uncompressed
- * size is easily available by examining the pack entry header).  We build
- * a hashtable of existing packs (pack_revindex), and keep reverse index
- * here -- pack index file is sorted by object name mapping to offset; this
- * pack_revindex[].revindex array is an ordered list of offsets, so if you
- * know the offset of an object, next offset is where its packed
- * representation ends.
+ * size is easily available by examining the pack entry header).  It is
+ * also rather expensive to find the sha1 for an object given its offset.
+ *
+ * We build a hashtable of existing packs (pack_revindex), and keep reverse
+ * index here -- pack index file is sorted by object name mapping to offset;
+ * this pack_revindex[].revindex array is a list of offset/index_nr pairs
+ * ordered by offset, so if you know the offset of an object, next offset
+ * is where its packed representation ends and the index_nr can be used to
+ * get the object sha1 from the main index.
  */
+struct revindex_entry {
+	unsigned int offset;
+	unsigned int nr;
+};
 struct pack_revindex {
 	struct packed_git *p;
-	unsigned long *revindex;
-} *pack_revindex = NULL;
+	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
+};
+static struct  pack_revindex *pack_revindex;
 static int pack_revindex_hashsz;
 
 /*
@@ -141,14 +152,9 @@ static void prepare_pack_ix(void)
 
 static int cmp_offset(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
-	unsigned long a = *(unsigned long *) a_;
-	unsigned long b = *(unsigned long *) b_;
-	if (a < b)
-		return -1;
-	else if (a == b)
-		return 0;
-	else
-		return 1;
+	const struct revindex_entry *a = a_;
+	const struct revindex_entry *b = b_;
+	return (a->offset < b->offset) ? -1 : (a->offset > b->offset) ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -161,25 +167,27 @@ static void prepare_pack_revindex(struct pack_revindex *rix)
 	int i;
 	void *index = p->index_base + 256;
 
-	rix->revindex = xmalloc(sizeof(unsigned long) * (num_ent + 1));
+	rix->revindex = xmalloc(sizeof(*rix->revindex) * (num_ent + 1));
 	for (i = 0; i < num_ent; i++) {
 		unsigned int hl = *((unsigned int *)((char *) index + 24*i));
-		rix->revindex[i] = ntohl(hl);
+		rix->revindex[i].offset = ntohl(hl);
+		rix->revindex[i].nr = i;
 	}
 	/* This knows the pack format -- the 20-byte trailer
 	 * follows immediately after the last object data.
 	 */
-	rix->revindex[num_ent] = p->pack_size - 20;
-	qsort(rix->revindex, num_ent, sizeof(unsigned long), cmp_offset);
+	rix->revindex[num_ent].offset = p->pack_size - 20;
+	rix->revindex[num_ent].nr = -1;
+	qsort(rix->revindex, num_ent, sizeof(*rix->revindex), cmp_offset);
 }
 
-static unsigned long find_packed_object_size(struct packed_git *p,
-					     unsigned long ofs)
+static struct revindex_entry * find_packed_object(struct packed_git *p,
+						  unsigned int ofs)
 {
 	int num;
 	int lo, hi;
 	struct pack_revindex *rix;
-	unsigned long *revindex;
+	struct revindex_entry *revindex;
 	num = pack_revindex_ix(p);
 	if (num < 0)
 		die("internal error: pack revindex uninitialized");
@@ -191,10 +199,10 @@ static unsigned long find_packed_object_size(struct packed_git *p,
 	hi = num_packed_objects(p) + 1;
 	do {
 		int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
-		if (revindex[mi] == ofs) {
-			return revindex[mi+1] - ofs;
+		if (revindex[mi].offset == ofs) {
+			return revindex + mi;
 		}
-		else if (ofs < revindex[mi])
+		else if (ofs < revindex[mi].offset)
 			hi = mi;
 		else
 			lo = mi + 1;
@@ -202,6 +210,20 @@ static unsigned long find_packed_object_size(struct packed_git *p,
 	die("internal error: pack revindex corrupt");
 }
 
+static unsigned long find_packed_object_size(struct packed_git *p,
+					     unsigned long ofs)
+{
+	struct revindex_entry *entry = find_packed_object(p, ofs);
+	return entry[1].offset - ofs;
+}
+
+static unsigned char *find_packed_object_name(struct packed_git *p,
+					      unsigned long ofs)
+{
+	struct revindex_entry *entry = find_packed_object(p, ofs);
+	return (unsigned char *)(p->index_base + 256) + 24 * entry->nr + 4;
+}
+
 static void *delta_against(void *buf, unsigned long size, struct object_entry *entry)
 {
 	unsigned long othersize, delta_size;
@@ -232,7 +254,7 @@ static int encode_header(enum object_type type, unsigned long size, unsigned cha
 	int n = 1;
 	unsigned char c;
 
-	if (type < OBJ_COMMIT || type > OBJ_DELTA)
+	if (type < OBJ_COMMIT || type > OBJ_REF_DELTA)
 		die("bad type %d", type);
 
 	c = (type << 4) | (size & 15);
@@ -247,6 +269,10 @@ static int encode_header(enum object_type type, unsigned long size, unsigned cha
 	return n;
 }
 
+/*
+ * we are going to reuse the existing object data as is.  make
+ * sure it is not corrupt.
+ */
 static int check_inflate(unsigned char *data, unsigned long len, unsigned long expect)
 {
 	z_stream stream;
@@ -278,32 +304,6 @@ static int check_inflate(unsigned char *data, unsigned long len, unsigned long e
 	return st;
 }
 
-/*
- * we are going to reuse the existing pack entry data.  make
- * sure it is not corrupt.
- */
-static int revalidate_pack_entry(struct object_entry *entry, unsigned char *data, unsigned long len)
-{
-	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned long size, used;
-
-	if (pack_to_stdout)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* the caller has already called use_packed_git() for us,
-	 * so it is safe to access the pack data from mmapped location.
-	 * make sure the entry inflates correctly.
-	 */
-	used = unpack_object_header_gently(data, len, &type, &size);
-	if (!used)
-		return -1;
-	if (type == OBJ_DELTA)
-		used += 20; /* skip base object name */
-	data += used;
-	len -= used;
-	return check_inflate(data, len, entry->size);
-}
-
 static int revalidate_loose_object(struct object_entry *entry,
 				   unsigned char *map,
 				   unsigned long mapsize)
@@ -334,13 +334,10 @@ static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
 	enum object_type obj_type;
 	int to_reuse = 0;
 
-	if (entry->preferred_base)
-		return 0;
-
 	obj_type = entry->type;
 	if (! entry->in_pack)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* can't reuse what we don't have */
-	else if (obj_type == OBJ_DELTA)
+	else if (obj_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || obj_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 		to_reuse = 1;	/* check_object() decided it for us */
 	else if (obj_type != entry->in_pack_type)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* pack has delta which is unusable */
@@ -380,18 +377,35 @@ static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
 		if (entry->delta) {
 			buf = delta_against(buf, size, entry);
 			size = entry->delta_size;
-			obj_type = OBJ_DELTA;
+			obj_type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->offset) ?
+				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
 		}
 		/*
 		 * The object header is a byte of 'type' followed by zero or
-		 * more bytes of length.  For deltas, the 20 bytes of delta
-		 * sha1 follows that.
+		 * more bytes of length.
 		 */
 		hdrlen = encode_header(obj_type, size, header);
 		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
 
-		if (entry->delta) {
-			sha1write(f, entry->delta, 20);
+		if (obj_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+			/*
+			 * Deltas with relative base contain an additional
+			 * encoding of the relative offset for the delta
+			 * base from this object's position in the pack.
+			 */
+			unsigned long ofs = entry->offset - entry->delta->offset;
+			unsigned pos = sizeof(header) - 1;
+			header[pos] = ofs & 127;
+			while (ofs >>= 7)
+				header[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
+			sha1write(f, header + pos, sizeof(header) - pos);
+			hdrlen += sizeof(header) - pos;
+		} else if (obj_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			/*
+			 * Deltas with a base reference contain
+			 * an additional 20 bytes for the base sha1.
+			 */
+			sha1write(f, entry->delta->sha1, 20);
 			hdrlen += 20;
 		}
 		datalen = sha1write_compressed(f, buf, size);
@@ -399,21 +413,40 @@ static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
 	}
 	else {
 		struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
-		use_packed_git(p);
 
-		datalen = find_packed_object_size(p, entry->in_pack_offset);
-		buf = (char *) p->pack_base + entry->in_pack_offset;
+		if (entry->delta) {
+			obj_type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->offset) ?
+				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
+			reused_delta++;
+		}
+		hdrlen = encode_header(obj_type, entry->size, header);
+		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		if (obj_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+			unsigned long ofs = entry->offset - entry->delta->offset;
+			unsigned pos = sizeof(header) - 1;
+			header[pos] = ofs & 127;
+			while (ofs >>= 7)
+				header[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
+			sha1write(f, header + pos, sizeof(header) - pos);
+			hdrlen += sizeof(header) - pos;
+		} else if (obj_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+			sha1write(f, entry->delta->sha1, 20);
+			hdrlen += 20;
+		}
 
-		if (revalidate_pack_entry(entry, buf, datalen))
+		use_packed_git(p);
+		buf = (char *) p->pack_base
+			+ entry->in_pack_offset
+			+ entry->in_pack_header_size;
+		datalen = find_packed_object_size(p, entry->in_pack_offset)
+				- entry->in_pack_header_size;
+		if (!pack_to_stdout && check_inflate(buf, datalen, entry->size))
 			die("corrupt delta in pack %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
 		sha1write(f, buf, datalen);
 		unuse_packed_git(p);
-		hdrlen = 0; /* not really */
-		if (obj_type == OBJ_DELTA)
-			reused_delta++;
 		reused++;
 	}
-	if (obj_type == OBJ_DELTA)
+	if (entry->delta)
 		written_delta++;
 	written++;
 	return hdrlen + datalen;
@@ -423,17 +456,16 @@ static unsigned long write_one(struct sha1file *f,
 			       struct object_entry *e,
 			       unsigned long offset)
 {
-	if (e->offset)
+	if (e->offset || e->preferred_base)
 		/* offset starts from header size and cannot be zero
 		 * if it is written already.
 		 */
 		return offset;
-	e->offset = offset;
-	offset += write_object(f, e);
-	/* if we are deltified, write out its base object. */
+	/* if we are deltified, write out its base object first. */
 	if (e->delta)
 		offset = write_one(f, e->delta, offset);
-	return offset;
+	e->offset = offset;
+	return offset + write_object(f, e);
 }
 
 static void write_pack_file(void)
@@ -899,26 +931,64 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 	char type[20];
 
 	if (entry->in_pack && !entry->preferred_base) {
-		unsigned char base[20];
-		unsigned long size;
-		struct object_entry *base_entry;
+		struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
+		unsigned long left = p->pack_size - entry->in_pack_offset;
+		unsigned long size, used;
+		unsigned char *buf;
+		struct object_entry *base_entry = NULL;
+
+		use_packed_git(p);
+		buf = p->pack_base;
+		buf += entry->in_pack_offset;
 
 		/* We want in_pack_type even if we do not reuse delta.
 		 * There is no point not reusing non-delta representations.
 		 */
-		check_reuse_pack_delta(entry->in_pack,
-				       entry->in_pack_offset,
-				       base, &size,
-				       &entry->in_pack_type);
+		used = unpack_object_header_gently(buf, left,
+						   &entry->in_pack_type, &size);
+		if (!used || left - used <= 20)
+			die("corrupt pack for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
 
 		/* Check if it is delta, and the base is also an object
 		 * we are going to pack.  If so we will reuse the existing
 		 * delta.
 		 */
-		if (!no_reuse_delta &&
-		    entry->in_pack_type == OBJ_DELTA &&
-		    (base_entry = locate_object_entry(base)) &&
-		    (!base_entry->preferred_base)) {
+		if (!no_reuse_delta) {
+			unsigned char c, *base_name;
+			unsigned long ofs;
+			/* there is at least 20 bytes left in the pack */
+			switch (entry->in_pack_type) {
+			case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
+				base_name = buf + used;
+				used += 20;
+				break;
+			case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+				c = buf[used++];
+				ofs = c & 127;
+				while (c & 128) {
+					ofs += 1;
+					if (!ofs || ofs & ~(~0UL >> 7))
+						die("delta base offset overflow in pack for %s",
+						    sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
+					c = buf[used++];
+					ofs = (ofs << 7) + (c & 127);
+				}
+				if (ofs >= entry->in_pack_offset)
+					die("delta base offset out of bound for %s",
+					    sha1_to_hex(entry->sha1));
+				ofs = entry->in_pack_offset - ofs;
+				base_name = find_packed_object_name(p, ofs);
+				break;
+			default:
+				base_name = NULL;
+			}
+			if (base_name)
+				base_entry = locate_object_entry(base_name);
+		}
+		unuse_packed_git(p);
+		entry->in_pack_header_size = used;
+
+		if (base_entry) {
 
 			/* Depth value does not matter - find_deltas()
 			 * will never consider reused delta as the
@@ -927,9 +997,9 @@ static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 			 */
 
 			/* uncompressed size of the delta data */
-			entry->size = entry->delta_size = size;
+			entry->size = size;
 			entry->delta = base_entry;
-			entry->type = OBJ_DELTA;
+			entry->type = entry->in_pack_type;
 
 			entry->delta_sibling = base_entry->delta_child;
 			base_entry->delta_child = entry;
@@ -1484,6 +1554,10 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			no_reuse_delta = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp("--delta-base-offset", arg)) {
+			allow_ofs_delta = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp("--stdout", arg)) {
 			pack_to_stdout = 1;
 			continue;
diff --git a/builtin-unpack-objects.c b/builtin-unpack-objects.c
index 4f96bcae3..e70a71163 100644
--- a/builtin-unpack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-unpack-objects.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ static const char unpack_usage[] = "git-unpack-objects [-n] [-q] [-r] < pack-fil
 
 /* We always read in 4kB chunks. */
 static unsigned char buffer[4096];
-static unsigned long offset, len;
+static unsigned long offset, len, consumed_bytes;
 static SHA_CTX ctx;
 
 /*
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ static void use(int bytes)
 		die("used more bytes than were available");
 	len -= bytes;
 	offset += bytes;
+	consumed_bytes += bytes;
 }
 
 static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
@@ -89,35 +90,49 @@ static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
 
 struct delta_info {
 	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
+	unsigned long base_offset;
 	unsigned long size;
 	void *delta;
+	unsigned nr;
 	struct delta_info *next;
 };
 
 static struct delta_info *delta_list;
 
-static void add_delta_to_list(unsigned char *base_sha1, void *delta, unsigned long size)
+static void add_delta_to_list(unsigned nr, unsigned const char *base_sha1,
+			      unsigned long base_offset,
+			      void *delta, unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct delta_info *info = xmalloc(sizeof(*info));
 
 	hashcpy(info->base_sha1, base_sha1);
+	info->base_offset = base_offset;
 	info->size = size;
 	info->delta = delta;
+	info->nr = nr;
 	info->next = delta_list;
 	delta_list = info;
 }
 
-static void added_object(unsigned char *sha1, const char *type, void *data, unsigned long size);
+struct obj_info {
+	unsigned long offset;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+};
+
+static struct obj_info *obj_list;
 
-static void write_object(void *buf, unsigned long size, const char *type)
+static void added_object(unsigned nr, const char *type, void *data,
+			 unsigned long size);
+
+static void write_object(unsigned nr, void *buf, unsigned long size,
+			 const char *type)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, type, sha1) < 0)
+	if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, type, obj_list[nr].sha1) < 0)
 		die("failed to write object");
-	added_object(sha1, type, buf, size);
+	added_object(nr, type, buf, size);
 }
 
-static void resolve_delta(const char *type,
+static void resolve_delta(unsigned nr, const char *type,
 			  void *base, unsigned long base_size,
 			  void *delta, unsigned long delta_size)
 {
@@ -130,20 +145,23 @@ static void resolve_delta(const char *type,
 	if (!result)
 		die("failed to apply delta");
 	free(delta);
-	write_object(result, result_size, type);
+	write_object(nr, result, result_size, type);
 	free(result);
 }
 
-static void added_object(unsigned char *sha1, const char *type, void *data, unsigned long size)
+static void added_object(unsigned nr, const char *type, void *data,
+			 unsigned long size)
 {
 	struct delta_info **p = &delta_list;
 	struct delta_info *info;
 
 	while ((info = *p) != NULL) {
-		if (!hashcmp(info->base_sha1, sha1)) {
+		if (!hashcmp(info->base_sha1, obj_list[nr].sha1) ||
+		    info->base_offset == obj_list[nr].offset) {
 			*p = info->next;
 			p = &delta_list;
-			resolve_delta(type, data, size, info->delta, info->size);
+			resolve_delta(info->nr, type, data, size,
+				      info->delta, info->size);
 			free(info);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -151,7 +169,8 @@ static void added_object(unsigned char *sha1, const char *type, void *data, unsi
 	}
 }
 
-static void unpack_non_delta_entry(enum object_type kind, unsigned long size)
+static void unpack_non_delta_entry(enum object_type kind, unsigned long size,
+				   unsigned nr)
 {
 	void *buf = get_data(size);
 	const char *type;
@@ -164,30 +183,80 @@ static void unpack_non_delta_entry(enum object_type kind, unsigned long size)
 	default: die("bad type %d", kind);
 	}
 	if (!dry_run && buf)
-		write_object(buf, size, type);
+		write_object(nr, buf, size, type);
 	free(buf);
 }
 
-static void unpack_delta_entry(unsigned long delta_size)
+static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type kind, unsigned long delta_size,
+			       unsigned nr)
 {
 	void *delta_data, *base;
 	unsigned long base_size;
 	char type[20];
 	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
 
-	hashcpy(base_sha1, fill(20));
-	use(20);
+	if (kind == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		hashcpy(base_sha1, fill(20));
+		use(20);
+		delta_data = get_data(delta_size);
+		if (dry_run || !delta_data) {
+			free(delta_data);
+			return;
+		}
+		if (!has_sha1_file(base_sha1)) {
+			hashcpy(obj_list[nr].sha1, null_sha1);
+			add_delta_to_list(nr, base_sha1, 0, delta_data, delta_size);
+			return;
+		}
+	} else {
+		unsigned base_found = 0;
+		unsigned char *pack, c;
+		unsigned long base_offset;
+		unsigned lo, mid, hi;
 
-	delta_data = get_data(delta_size);
-	if (dry_run || !delta_data) {
-		free(delta_data);
-		return;
-	}
+		pack = fill(1);
+		c = *pack;
+		use(1);
+		base_offset = c & 127;
+		while (c & 128) {
+			base_offset += 1;
+			if (!base_offset || base_offset & ~(~0UL >> 7))
+				die("offset value overflow for delta base object");
+			pack = fill(1);
+			c = *pack;
+			use(1);
+			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
+		}
+		base_offset = obj_list[nr].offset - base_offset;
 
-	if (!has_sha1_file(base_sha1)) {
-		add_delta_to_list(base_sha1, delta_data, delta_size);
-		return;
+		delta_data = get_data(delta_size);
+		if (dry_run || !delta_data) {
+			free(delta_data);
+			return;
+		}
+		lo = 0;
+		hi = nr;
+		while (lo < hi) {
+			mid = (lo + hi)/2;
+			if (base_offset < obj_list[mid].offset) {
+				hi = mid;
+			} else if (base_offset > obj_list[mid].offset) {
+				lo = mid + 1;
+			} else {
+				hashcpy(base_sha1, obj_list[mid].sha1);
+				base_found = !is_null_sha1(base_sha1);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!base_found) {
+			/* The delta base object is itself a delta that
+			   has not been	resolved yet. */
+			hashcpy(obj_list[nr].sha1, null_sha1);
+			add_delta_to_list(nr, null_sha1, base_offset, delta_data, delta_size);
+			return;
+		}
 	}
+
 	base = read_sha1_file(base_sha1, type, &base_size);
 	if (!base) {
 		error("failed to read delta-pack base object %s",
@@ -197,7 +266,7 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(unsigned long delta_size)
 		has_errors = 1;
 		return;
 	}
-	resolve_delta(type, base, base_size, delta_data, delta_size);
+	resolve_delta(nr, type, base, base_size, delta_data, delta_size);
 	free(base);
 }
 
@@ -208,6 +277,8 @@ static void unpack_one(unsigned nr, unsigned total)
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 
+	obj_list[nr].offset = consumed_bytes;
+
 	pack = fill(1);
 	c = *pack;
 	use(1);
@@ -216,7 +287,7 @@ static void unpack_one(unsigned nr, unsigned total)
 	shift = 4;
 	while (c & 0x80) {
 		pack = fill(1);
-		c = *pack++;
+		c = *pack;
 		use(1);
 		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
 		shift += 7;
@@ -225,13 +296,14 @@ static void unpack_one(unsigned nr, unsigned total)
 		static unsigned long last_sec;
 		static unsigned last_percent;
 		struct timeval now;
-		unsigned percentage = (nr * 100) / total;
+		unsigned percentage = ((nr+1) * 100) / total;
 
 		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
 		if (percentage != last_percent || now.tv_sec != last_sec) {
 			last_sec = now.tv_sec;
 			last_percent = percentage;
-			fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r", percentage, nr, total);
+			fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%u/%u) done\r",
+					percentage, (nr+1), total);
 		}
 	}
 	switch (type) {
@@ -239,10 +311,11 @@ static void unpack_one(unsigned nr, unsigned total)
 	case OBJ_TREE:
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
 	case OBJ_TAG:
-		unpack_non_delta_entry(type, size);
+		unpack_non_delta_entry(type, size, nr);
 		return;
-	case OBJ_DELTA:
-		unpack_delta_entry(size);
+	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
+	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+		unpack_delta_entry(type, size, nr);
 		return;
 	default:
 		error("bad object type %d", type);
@@ -265,9 +338,10 @@ static void unpack_all(void)
 		die("unknown pack file version %d", ntohl(hdr->hdr_version));
 	fprintf(stderr, "Unpacking %d objects\n", nr_objects);
 
+	obj_list = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*obj_list));
 	use(sizeof(struct pack_header));
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
-		unpack_one(i+1, nr_objects);
+		unpack_one(i, nr_objects);
 	if (delta_list)
 		die("unresolved deltas left after unpacking");
 }
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index c35470107..d0a165729 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -269,8 +269,9 @@ enum object_type {
 	OBJ_TREE = 2,
 	OBJ_BLOB = 3,
 	OBJ_TAG = 4,
-	/* 5/6 for future expansion */
-	OBJ_DELTA = 7,
+	/* 5 for future expansion */
+	OBJ_OFS_DELTA = 6,
+	OBJ_REF_DELTA = 7,
 	OBJ_BAD,
 };
 
diff --git a/fetch-pack.c b/fetch-pack.c
index e8708aa80..474d54520 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/fetch-pack.c
@@ -166,12 +166,13 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 		}
 
 		if (!fetching)
-			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s%s%s%s%s\n",
+			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
 				     sha1_to_hex(remote),
 				     (multi_ack ? " multi_ack" : ""),
 				     (use_sideband == 2 ? " side-band-64k" : ""),
 				     (use_sideband == 1 ? " side-band" : ""),
-				     (use_thin_pack ? " thin-pack" : ""));
+				     (use_thin_pack ? " thin-pack" : ""),
+				     " ofs-delta");
 		else
 			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s\n", sha1_to_hex(remote));
 		fetching++;
diff --git a/git-repack.sh b/git-repack.sh
index f2c9071d1..17e24526c 100755
--- a/git-repack.sh
+++ b/git-repack.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
 #
 
-USAGE='[-a] [-d] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-q]'
+USAGE='[-a] [-d] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-q] [--window=N] [--depth=N]'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
 . git-sh-setup
 
@@ -25,6 +25,15 @@ do
 	shift
 done
 
+# Later we will default repack.UseDeltaBaseOffset to true
+default_dbo=false
+
+case "`git repo-config --bool repack.usedeltabaseoffset ||
+       echo $default_dbo`" in
+true)
+	extra="$extra --delta-base-offset" ;;
+esac
+
 PACKDIR="$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY/pack"
 PACKTMP="$GIT_DIR/.tmp-$$-pack"
 rm -f "$PACKTMP"-*
diff --git a/index-pack.c b/index-pack.c
index 80bc6cb45..e33f60524 100644
--- a/index-pack.c
+++ b/index-pack.c
@@ -13,63 +13,93 @@ static const char index_pack_usage[] =
 struct object_entry
 {
 	unsigned long offset;
+	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned int hdr_size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	enum object_type real_type;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 };
 
+union delta_base {
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned long offset;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Even if sizeof(union delta_base) == 24 on 64-bit archs, we really want
+ * to memcmp() only the first 20 bytes.
+ */
+#define UNION_BASE_SZ	20
+
 struct delta_entry
 {
 	struct object_entry *obj;
-	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
+	union delta_base base;
 };
 
 static const char *pack_name;
-static unsigned char *pack_base;
-static unsigned long pack_size;
 static struct object_entry *objects;
 static struct delta_entry *deltas;
 static int nr_objects;
 static int nr_deltas;
 
-static void open_pack_file(void)
+/* We always read in 4kB chunks. */
+static unsigned char input_buffer[4096];
+static unsigned long input_offset, input_len, consumed_bytes;
+static SHA_CTX input_ctx;
+static int input_fd;
+
+/*
+ * Make sure at least "min" bytes are available in the buffer, and
+ * return the pointer to the buffer.
+ */
+static void * fill(int min)
 {
-	int fd;
-	struct stat st;
+	if (min <= input_len)
+		return input_buffer + input_offset;
+	if (min > sizeof(input_buffer))
+		die("cannot fill %d bytes", min);
+	if (input_offset) {
+		SHA1_Update(&input_ctx, input_buffer, input_offset);
+		memcpy(input_buffer, input_buffer + input_offset, input_len);
+		input_offset = 0;
+	}
+	do {
+		int ret = xread(input_fd, input_buffer + input_len,
+				sizeof(input_buffer) - input_len);
+		if (ret <= 0) {
+			if (!ret)
+				die("early EOF");
+			die("read error on input: %s", strerror(errno));
+		}
+		input_len += ret;
+	} while (input_len < min);
+	return input_buffer;
+}
+
+static void use(int bytes)
+{
+	if (bytes > input_len)
+		die("used more bytes than were available");
+	input_len -= bytes;
+	input_offset += bytes;
+	consumed_bytes += bytes;
+}
 
-	fd = open(pack_name, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0)
+static void open_pack_file(void)
+{
+	input_fd = open(pack_name, O_RDONLY);
+	if (input_fd < 0)
 		die("cannot open packfile '%s': %s", pack_name,
 		    strerror(errno));
-	if (fstat(fd, &st)) {
-		int err = errno;
-		close(fd);
-		die("cannot fstat packfile '%s': %s", pack_name,
-		    strerror(err));
-	}
-	pack_size = st.st_size;
-	pack_base = mmap(NULL, pack_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	if (pack_base == MAP_FAILED) {
-		int err = errno;
-		close(fd);
-		die("cannot mmap packfile '%s': %s", pack_name,
-		    strerror(err));
-	}
-	close(fd);
+	SHA1_Init(&input_ctx);
 }
 
 static void parse_pack_header(void)
 {
-	const struct pack_header *hdr;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	SHA_CTX ctx;
-
-	/* Ensure there are enough bytes for the header and final SHA1 */
-	if (pack_size < sizeof(struct pack_header) + 20)
-		die("packfile '%s' is too small", pack_name);
+	struct pack_header *hdr = fill(sizeof(struct pack_header));
 
 	/* Header consistency check */
-	hdr = (void *)pack_base;
 	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
 		die("packfile '%s' signature mismatch", pack_name);
 	if (!pack_version_ok(hdr->hdr_version))
@@ -77,13 +107,8 @@ static void parse_pack_header(void)
 		    pack_name, ntohl(hdr->hdr_version));
 
 	nr_objects = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
-
-	/* Check packfile integrity */
-	SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	SHA1_Update(&ctx, pack_base, pack_size - 20);
-	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
-	if (hashcmp(sha1, pack_base + pack_size - 20))
-		die("packfile '%s' SHA1 mismatch", pack_name);
+	use(sizeof(struct pack_header));
+	/*fprintf(stderr, "Indexing %d objects\n", nr_objects);*/
 }
 
 static void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format,
@@ -101,86 +126,121 @@ static void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format, ...)
 	    pack_name, offset, buf);
 }
 
-static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset,
-			       unsigned long *current_pos, unsigned long size)
+static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
 {
-	unsigned long pack_limit = pack_size - 20;
-	unsigned long pos = *current_pos;
 	z_stream stream;
 	void *buf = xmalloc(size);
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 	stream.next_out = buf;
 	stream.avail_out = size;
-	stream.next_in = pack_base + pos;
-	stream.avail_in = pack_limit - pos;
+	stream.next_in = fill(1);
+	stream.avail_in = input_len;
 	inflateInit(&stream);
 
 	for (;;) {
 		int ret = inflate(&stream, 0);
-		if (ret == Z_STREAM_END)
+		use(input_len - stream.avail_in);
+		if (stream.total_out == size && ret == Z_STREAM_END)
 			break;
 		if (ret != Z_OK)
 			bad_object(offset, "inflate returned %d", ret);
+		stream.next_in = fill(1);
+		stream.avail_in = input_len;
 	}
 	inflateEnd(&stream);
-	if (stream.total_out != size)
-		bad_object(offset, "size mismatch (expected %lu, got %lu)",
-			   size, stream.total_out);
-	*current_pos = pack_limit - stream.avail_in;
 	return buf;
 }
 
-static void *unpack_raw_entry(unsigned long offset,
-			      enum object_type *obj_type,
-			      unsigned long *obj_size,
-			      unsigned char *delta_base,
-			      unsigned long *next_obj_offset)
+static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_base)
 {
-	unsigned long pack_limit = pack_size - 20;
-	unsigned long pos = offset;
-	unsigned char c;
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned char *p, c;
+	unsigned long size, base_offset;
 	unsigned shift;
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *data;
 
-	c = pack_base[pos++];
-	type = (c >> 4) & 7;
+	obj->offset = consumed_bytes;
+
+	p = fill(1);
+	c = *p;
+	use(1);
+	obj->type = (c >> 4) & 7;
 	size = (c & 15);
 	shift = 4;
 	while (c & 0x80) {
-		if (pos >= pack_limit)
-			bad_object(offset, "object extends past end of pack");
-		c = pack_base[pos++];
+		p = fill(1);
+		c = *p;
+		use(1);
 		size += (c & 0x7fUL) << shift;
 		shift += 7;
 	}
+	obj->size = size;
 
-	switch (type) {
-	case OBJ_DELTA:
-		if (pos + 20 >= pack_limit)
-			bad_object(offset, "object extends past end of pack");
-		hashcpy(delta_base, pack_base + pos);
-		pos += 20;
-		/* fallthru */
+	switch (obj->type) {
+	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
+		hashcpy(delta_base->sha1, fill(20));
+		use(20);
+		break;
+	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+		memset(delta_base, 0, sizeof(*delta_base));
+		p = fill(1);
+		c = *p;
+		use(1);
+		base_offset = c & 127;
+		while (c & 128) {
+			base_offset += 1;
+			if (!base_offset || base_offset & ~(~0UL >> 7))
+				bad_object(obj->offset, "offset value overflow for delta base object");
+			p = fill(1);
+			c = *p;
+			use(1);
+			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
+		}
+		delta_base->offset = obj->offset - base_offset;
+		if (delta_base->offset >= obj->offset)
+			bad_object(obj->offset, "delta base offset is out of bound");
+		break;
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
 	case OBJ_TAG:
-		data = unpack_entry_data(offset, &pos, size);
 		break;
 	default:
-		bad_object(offset, "bad object type %d", type);
+		bad_object(obj->offset, "bad object type %d", obj->type);
 	}
+	obj->hdr_size = consumed_bytes - obj->offset;
 
-	*obj_type = type;
-	*obj_size = size;
-	*next_obj_offset = pos;
+	return unpack_entry_data(obj->offset, obj->size);
+}
+
+static void * get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
+{
+	unsigned long from = obj[0].offset + obj[0].hdr_size;
+	unsigned long len = obj[1].offset - from;
+	unsigned pg_offset = from % getpagesize();
+	unsigned char *map, *data;
+	z_stream stream;
+	int st;
+
+	map = mmap(NULL, len + pg_offset, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE,
+		   input_fd, from - pg_offset);
+	if (map == MAP_FAILED)
+		die("cannot mmap packfile '%s': %s", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+	data = xmalloc(obj->size);
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+	stream.next_out = data;
+	stream.avail_out = obj->size;
+	stream.next_in = map + pg_offset;
+	stream.avail_in = len;
+	inflateInit(&stream);
+	while ((st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH)) == Z_OK);
+	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	if (st != Z_STREAM_END || stream.total_out != obj->size)
+		die("serious inflate inconsistency");
+	munmap(map, len + pg_offset);
 	return data;
 }
 
-static int find_delta(const unsigned char *base_sha1)
+static int find_delta(const union delta_base *base)
 {
 	int first = 0, last = nr_deltas;
 
@@ -189,7 +249,7 @@ static int find_delta(const unsigned char *base_sha1)
                 struct delta_entry *delta = &deltas[next];
                 int cmp;
 
-                cmp = hashcmp(base_sha1, delta->base_sha1);
+                cmp = memcmp(base, &delta->base, UNION_BASE_SZ);
                 if (!cmp)
                         return next;
                 if (cmp < 0) {
@@ -201,18 +261,18 @@ static int find_delta(const unsigned char *base_sha1)
         return -first-1;
 }
 
-static int find_deltas_based_on_sha1(const unsigned char *base_sha1,
-				     int *first_index, int *last_index)
+static int find_delta_childs(const union delta_base *base,
+			     int *first_index, int *last_index)
 {
-	int first = find_delta(base_sha1);
+	int first = find_delta(base);
 	int last = first;
 	int end = nr_deltas - 1;
 
 	if (first < 0)
 		return -1;
-	while (first > 0 && !hashcmp(deltas[first - 1].base_sha1, base_sha1))
+	while (first > 0 && !memcmp(&deltas[first - 1].base, base, UNION_BASE_SZ))
 		--first;
-	while (last < end && !hashcmp(deltas[last + 1].base_sha1, base_sha1))
+	while (last < end && !memcmp(&deltas[last + 1].base, base, UNION_BASE_SZ))
 		++last;
 	*first_index = first;
 	*last_index = last;
@@ -252,25 +312,34 @@ static void resolve_delta(struct delta_entry *delta, void *base_data,
 	unsigned long delta_size;
 	void *result;
 	unsigned long result_size;
-	enum object_type delta_type;
-	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
-	unsigned long next_obj_offset;
+	union delta_base delta_base;
 	int j, first, last;
 
 	obj->real_type = type;
-	delta_data = unpack_raw_entry(obj->offset, &delta_type,
-				      &delta_size, base_sha1,
-				      &next_obj_offset);
+	delta_data = get_data_from_pack(obj);
+	delta_size = obj->size;
 	result = patch_delta(base_data, base_size, delta_data, delta_size,
 			     &result_size);
 	free(delta_data);
 	if (!result)
 		bad_object(obj->offset, "failed to apply delta");
 	sha1_object(result, result_size, type, obj->sha1);
-	if (!find_deltas_based_on_sha1(obj->sha1, &first, &last)) {
+
+	hashcpy(delta_base.sha1, obj->sha1);
+	if (!find_delta_childs(&delta_base, &first, &last)) {
+		for (j = first; j <= last; j++)
+			if (deltas[j].obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA)
+				resolve_delta(&deltas[j], result, result_size, type);
+	}
+
+	memset(&delta_base, 0, sizeof(delta_base));
+	delta_base.offset = obj->offset;
+	if (!find_delta_childs(&delta_base, &first, &last)) {
 		for (j = first; j <= last; j++)
-			resolve_delta(&deltas[j], result, result_size, type);
+			if (deltas[j].obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
+				resolve_delta(&deltas[j], result, result_size, type);
 	}
+
 	free(result);
 }
 
@@ -278,16 +347,16 @@ static int compare_delta_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	const struct delta_entry *delta_a = a;
 	const struct delta_entry *delta_b = b;
-	return hashcmp(delta_a->base_sha1, delta_b->base_sha1);
+	return memcmp(&delta_a->base, &delta_b->base, UNION_BASE_SZ);
 }
 
-static void parse_pack_objects(void)
+/* Parse all objects and return the pack content SHA1 hash */
+static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	int i;
-	unsigned long offset = sizeof(struct pack_header);
-	unsigned char base_sha1[20];
+	struct delta_entry *delta = deltas;
 	void *data;
-	unsigned long data_size;
+	struct stat st;
 
 	/*
 	 * First pass:
@@ -297,22 +366,32 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(void)
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
-		obj->offset = offset;
-		data = unpack_raw_entry(offset, &obj->type, &data_size,
-					base_sha1, &offset);
+		data = unpack_raw_entry(obj, &delta->base);
 		obj->real_type = obj->type;
-		if (obj->type == OBJ_DELTA) {
-			struct delta_entry *delta = &deltas[nr_deltas++];
+		if (obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+			nr_deltas++;
 			delta->obj = obj;
-			hashcpy(delta->base_sha1, base_sha1);
+			delta++;
 		} else
-			sha1_object(data, data_size, obj->type, obj->sha1);
+			sha1_object(data, obj->size, obj->type, obj->sha1);
 		free(data);
 	}
-	if (offset != pack_size - 20)
+	objects[i].offset = consumed_bytes;
+
+	/* Check pack integrity */
+	SHA1_Update(&input_ctx, input_buffer, input_offset);
+	SHA1_Final(sha1, &input_ctx);
+	if (hashcmp(fill(20), sha1))
+		die("packfile '%s' SHA1 mismatch", pack_name);
+	use(20);
+
+	/* If input_fd is a file, we should have reached its end now. */
+	if (fstat(input_fd, &st))
+		die("cannot fstat packfile '%s': %s", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+	if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && st.st_size != consumed_bytes)
 		die("packfile '%s' has junk at the end", pack_name);
 
-	/* Sort deltas by base SHA1 for fast searching */
+	/* Sort deltas by base SHA1/offset for fast searching */
 	qsort(deltas, nr_deltas, sizeof(struct delta_entry),
 	      compare_delta_entry);
 
@@ -326,22 +405,36 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(void)
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
-		int j, first, last;
+		union delta_base base;
+		int j, ref, ref_first, ref_last, ofs, ofs_first, ofs_last;
 
-		if (obj->type == OBJ_DELTA)
+		if (obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 			continue;
-		if (find_deltas_based_on_sha1(obj->sha1, &first, &last))
+		hashcpy(base.sha1, obj->sha1);
+		ref = !find_delta_childs(&base, &ref_first, &ref_last);
+		memset(&base, 0, sizeof(base));
+		base.offset = obj->offset;
+		ofs = !find_delta_childs(&base, &ofs_first, &ofs_last);
+		if (!ref && !ofs)
 			continue;
-		data = unpack_raw_entry(obj->offset, &obj->type, &data_size,
-					base_sha1, &offset);
-		for (j = first; j <= last; j++)
-			resolve_delta(&deltas[j], data, data_size, obj->type);
+		data = get_data_from_pack(obj);
+		if (ref)
+			for (j = ref_first; j <= ref_last; j++)
+				if (deltas[j].obj->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA)
+					resolve_delta(&deltas[j], data,
+						      obj->size, obj->type);
+		if (ofs)
+			for (j = ofs_first; j <= ofs_last; j++)
+				if (deltas[j].obj->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
+					resolve_delta(&deltas[j], data,
+						      obj->size, obj->type);
 		free(data);
 	}
 
 	/* Check for unresolved deltas */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_deltas; i++) {
-		if (deltas[i].obj->real_type == OBJ_DELTA)
+		if (deltas[i].obj->real_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA ||
+		    deltas[i].obj->real_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 			die("packfile '%s' has unresolved deltas",  pack_name);
 	}
 }
@@ -353,6 +446,10 @@ static int sha1_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b)
 	return hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1);
 }
 
+/*
+ * On entry *sha1 contains the pack content SHA1 hash, on exit it is
+ * the SHA1 hash of sorted object names.
+ */
 static void write_index_file(const char *index_name, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct sha1file *f;
@@ -412,7 +509,7 @@ static void write_index_file(const char *index_name, unsigned char *sha1)
 		sha1write(f, obj->sha1, 20);
 		SHA1_Update(&ctx, obj->sha1, 20);
 	}
-	sha1write(f, pack_base + pack_size - 20, 20);
+	sha1write(f, sha1, 20);
 	sha1close(f, NULL, 1);
 	free(sorted_by_sha);
 	SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
@@ -458,9 +555,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	open_pack_file();
 	parse_pack_header();
-	objects = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct object_entry));
+	objects = xcalloc(nr_objects + 1, sizeof(struct object_entry));
 	deltas = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct delta_entry));
-	parse_pack_objects();
+	parse_pack_objects(sha1);
 	free(deltas);
 	write_index_file(index_name, sha1);
 	free(objects);
diff --git a/pack.h b/pack.h
index eb07b033a..4814800f2 100644
--- a/pack.h
+++ b/pack.h
@@ -16,7 +16,4 @@ struct pack_header {
 };
 
 extern int verify_pack(struct packed_git *, int);
-extern int check_reuse_pack_delta(struct packed_git *, unsigned long,
-				  unsigned char *, unsigned long *,
-				  enum object_type *);
 #endif
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
index 47e2a29ab..e89d24c01 100644
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ b/sha1_file.c
@@ -877,26 +877,61 @@ void * unpack_sha1_file(void *map, unsigned long mapsize, char *type, unsigned l
 	return unpack_sha1_rest(&stream, hdr, *size);
 }
 
+static unsigned long get_delta_base(struct packed_git *p,
+				    unsigned long offset,
+				    enum object_type kind,
+				    unsigned long delta_obj_offset,
+				    unsigned long *base_obj_offset)
+{
+	unsigned char *base_info = (unsigned char *) p->pack_base + offset;
+	unsigned long base_offset;
+
+	/* there must be at least 20 bytes left regardless of delta type */
+	if (p->pack_size <= offset + 20)
+		die("truncated pack file");
+
+	if (kind == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+		unsigned used = 0;
+		unsigned char c = base_info[used++];
+		base_offset = c & 127;
+		while (c & 128) {
+			base_offset += 1;
+			if (!base_offset || base_offset & ~(~0UL >> 7))
+				die("offset value overflow for delta base object");
+			c = base_info[used++];
+			base_offset = (base_offset << 7) + (c & 127);
+		}
+		base_offset = delta_obj_offset - base_offset;
+		if (base_offset >= delta_obj_offset)
+			die("delta base offset out of bound");
+		offset += used;
+	} else if (kind == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		/* The base entry _must_ be in the same pack */
+		base_offset = find_pack_entry_one(base_info, p);
+		if (!base_offset)
+			die("failed to find delta-pack base object %s",
+				sha1_to_hex(base_info));
+		offset += 20;
+	} else
+		die("I am totally screwed");
+	*base_obj_offset = base_offset;
+	return offset;
+}
+
 /* forward declaration for a mutually recursive function */
 static int packed_object_info(struct packed_git *p, unsigned long offset,
 			      char *type, unsigned long *sizep);
 
 static int packed_delta_info(struct packed_git *p,
 			     unsigned long offset,
+			     enum object_type kind,
+			     unsigned long obj_offset,
 			     char *type,
 			     unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	unsigned long base_offset;
-	unsigned char *base_sha1 = (unsigned char *) p->pack_base + offset;
 
-	if (p->pack_size < offset + 20)
-		die("truncated pack file");
-	/* The base entry _must_ be in the same pack */
-	base_offset = find_pack_entry_one(base_sha1, p);
-	if (!base_offset)
-		die("failed to find delta-pack base object %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
-	offset += 20;
+	offset = get_delta_base(p, offset, kind, obj_offset, &base_offset);
 
 	/* We choose to only get the type of the base object and
 	 * ignore potentially corrupt pack file that expects the delta
@@ -959,25 +994,6 @@ static unsigned long unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *p, unsigned long of
 	return offset + used;
 }
 
-int check_reuse_pack_delta(struct packed_git *p, unsigned long offset,
-			   unsigned char *base, unsigned long *sizep,
-			   enum object_type *kindp)
-{
-	unsigned long ptr;
-	int status = -1;
-
-	use_packed_git(p);
-	ptr = offset;
-	ptr = unpack_object_header(p, ptr, kindp, sizep);
-	if (*kindp != OBJ_DELTA)
-		goto done;
-	hashcpy(base, (unsigned char *) p->pack_base + ptr);
-	status = 0;
- done:
-	unuse_packed_git(p);
-	return status;
-}
-
 void packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *p,
 			       unsigned long offset,
 			       char *type,
@@ -986,11 +1002,12 @@ void packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *p,
 			       unsigned int *delta_chain_length,
 			       unsigned char *base_sha1)
 {
-	unsigned long val;
+	unsigned long obj_offset, val;
 	unsigned char *next_sha1;
 	enum object_type kind;
 
 	*delta_chain_length = 0;
+	obj_offset = offset;
 	offset = unpack_object_header(p, offset, &kind, size);
 
 	for (;;) {
@@ -1005,7 +1022,13 @@ void packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *p,
 			strcpy(type, type_names[kind]);
 			*store_size = 0; /* notyet */
 			return;
-		case OBJ_DELTA:
+		case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+			get_delta_base(p, offset, kind, obj_offset, &offset);
+			if (*delta_chain_length == 0) {
+				/* TODO: find base_sha1 as pointed by offset */
+			}
+			break;
+		case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
 			if (p->pack_size <= offset + 20)
 				die("pack file %s records an incomplete delta base",
 				    p->pack_name);
@@ -1015,6 +1038,7 @@ void packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *p,
 			offset = find_pack_entry_one(next_sha1, p);
 			break;
 		}
+		obj_offset = offset;
 		offset = unpack_object_header(p, offset, &kind, &val);
 		(*delta_chain_length)++;
 	}
@@ -1023,15 +1047,15 @@ void packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *p,
 static int packed_object_info(struct packed_git *p, unsigned long offset,
 			      char *type, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned long size, obj_offset = offset;
 	enum object_type kind;
 
 	offset = unpack_object_header(p, offset, &kind, &size);
 
-	if (kind == OBJ_DELTA)
-		return packed_delta_info(p, offset, type, sizep);
-
 	switch (kind) {
+	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
+		return packed_delta_info(p, offset, kind, obj_offset, type, sizep);
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
@@ -1077,23 +1101,15 @@ static void *unpack_compressed_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 				unsigned long offset,
 				unsigned long delta_size,
+				enum object_type kind,
+				unsigned long obj_offset,
 				char *type,
 				unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	void *delta_data, *result, *base;
 	unsigned long result_size, base_size, base_offset;
-	unsigned char *base_sha1;
-
-	if (p->pack_size < offset + 20)
-		die("truncated pack file");
-	/* The base entry _must_ be in the same pack */
-	base_sha1 = (unsigned char*)p->pack_base + offset;
-	base_offset = find_pack_entry_one(base_sha1, p);
-	if (!base_offset)
-		die("failed to find delta-pack base object %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
-	offset += 20;
 
+	offset = get_delta_base(p, offset, kind, obj_offset, &base_offset);
 	base = unpack_entry_gently(p, base_offset, type, &base_size);
 	if (!base)
 		die("failed to read delta base object at %lu from %s",
@@ -1130,13 +1146,14 @@ static void *unpack_entry(struct pack_entry *entry,
 void *unpack_entry_gently(struct packed_git *p, unsigned long offset,
 			  char *type, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned long size, obj_offset = offset;
 	enum object_type kind;
 
 	offset = unpack_object_header(p, offset, &kind, &size);
 	switch (kind) {
-	case OBJ_DELTA:
-		return unpack_delta_entry(p, offset, size, type, sizep);
+	case OBJ_OFS_DELTA:
+	case OBJ_REF_DELTA:
+		return unpack_delta_entry(p, offset, size, kind, obj_offset, type, sizep);
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
 	case OBJ_BLOB:
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index 189b239cc..9ec377504 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git-upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=n
 #define OUR_REF (1U << 1)
 #define WANTED (1U << 2)
 static int multi_ack, nr_our_refs;
-static int use_thin_pack;
+static int use_thin_pack, use_ofs_delta;
 static struct object_array have_obj;
 static struct object_array want_obj;
 static unsigned int timeout;
@@ -137,7 +137,9 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 		close(pu_pipe[1]);
 		close(pe_pipe[0]);
 		close(pe_pipe[1]);
-		execl_git_cmd("pack-objects", "--stdout", "--progress", NULL);
+		execl_git_cmd("pack-objects", "--stdout", "--progress",
+			      use_ofs_delta ? "--delta-base-offset" : NULL,
+			      NULL);
 		kill(pid_rev_list, SIGKILL);
 		die("git-upload-pack: unable to exec git-pack-objects");
 	}
@@ -393,6 +395,8 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 			multi_ack = 1;
 		if (strstr(line+45, "thin-pack"))
 			use_thin_pack = 1;
+		if (strstr(line+45, "ofs-delta"))
+			use_ofs_delta = 1;
 		if (strstr(line+45, "side-band-64k"))
 			use_sideband = LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
 		else if (strstr(line+45, "side-band"))
@@ -418,7 +422,7 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 
 static int send_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	static const char *capabilities = "multi_ack thin-pack side-band side-band-64k";
+	static const char *capabilities = "multi_ack thin-pack side-band side-band-64k ofs-delta";
 	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
 
 	if (!o)