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authorJunio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>2005-12-05 00:57:48 -0800
committerJunio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>2005-12-05 00:58:23 -0800
commitdc5f9239f7cc577b7d503017583dcc26ad5991f0 (patch)
tree8c69cabcd175fdd658fb8b013b031b2c13a3794c
parenteb0362a467cc2cb5313bb859d78ea2d152b4a4ff (diff)
downloadgit-dc5f9239f7cc577b7d503017583dcc26ad5991f0.tar.gz
git-dc5f9239f7cc577b7d503017583dcc26ad5991f0.tar.xz
Documentation: shared repository management in tutorial.
The branch policy script I outlined was improved and polished by Carl and posted on the list twice since then. It is a shame not to pick it up, so replace the original outline in howto/update-hook-example.txt with the latest from Carl. Also talk about setting up git-shell to allow git-push/git-fetch only SSH access to a shared repository host in the tutorial. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
-rw-r--r--Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt205
-rw-r--r--Documentation/tutorial.txt35
2 files changed, 171 insertions, 69 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
index dacaf17c2..3a33696f0 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+From: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Carl Baldwin <cnb@fc.hp.com>
Subject: control access to branches.
Date: Thu, 17 Nov 2005 23:55:32 -0800
Message-ID: <7vfypumlu3.fsf@assigned-by-dhcp.cox.net>
@@ -26,63 +26,137 @@ section of the documentation:
So if your policy is (1) always require fast-forward push
(i.e. never allow "git-push repo +branch:branch"), (2) you
have a list of users allowed to update each branch, and (3) you
-do not let tags to be overwritten, then:
-
- #!/bin/sh
- # This is a sample hooks/update script, written by JC
- # in his e-mail buffer, so naturally it is not tested
- # but hopefully would convey the idea.
-
- umask 002
- case "$1" in
- refs/tags/*)
- # No overwriting an existing tag
- if test -f "$GIT_DIR/$1"
- then
- exit 1
- fi
- ;;
- refs/heads/*)
- # No rebasing or rewinding
- if expr "$2" : '0*$' >/dev/null
- then
- # creating a new branch
- ;
- else
- # updating -- make sure it is a fast forward
- mb=`git-merge-base "$2" "$3"`
- case "$mb,$2" in
- "$2,$mb")
- ;; # fast forward -- happy
- *)
- exit 1 ;; # unhappy
- esac
- fi
- ;;
- *)
- # No funny refs allowed
- exit 1
- ;;
- esac
-
- # Is the user allowed to update it?
- me=`id -u -n` ;# e.g. "junio"
- while read head_pattern users
- do
- if expr "$1" : "$head_pattern" >/dev/null
- then
- case " $users " in
- *" $me "*)
- exit 0 ;; # happy
- ' * ')
- exit 0 ;; # anybody
- esac
- fi
- done
- exit 1
-
-For the sake of simplicity, I assumed that you keep something
-like this in $GIT_DIR/info/allowed-pushers file:
+do not let tags to be overwritten, then you can use something
+like this as your hooks/update script.
+
+[jc: editorial note. This is a much improved version by Carl
+since I posted the original outline]
+
+-- >8 -- beginning of script -- >8 --
+
+#!/bin/bash
+
+umask 002
+
+# If you are having trouble with this access control hook script
+# you can try setting this to true. It will tell you exactly
+# why a user is being allowed/denied access.
+
+verbose=false
+
+# Default shell globbing messes things up downstream
+GLOBIGNORE=*
+
+function grant {
+ $verbose && echo >&2 "-Grant- $1"
+ echo grant
+ exit 0
+}
+
+function deny {
+ $verbose && echo >&2 "-Deny- $1"
+ echo deny
+ exit 1
+}
+
+function info {
+ $verbose && echo >&2 "-Info- $1"
+}
+
+# Implement generic branch and tag policies.
+# - Tags should not be updated once created.
+# - Branches should only be fast-forwarded.
+case "$1" in
+ refs/tags/*)
+ [ -f "$GIT_DIR/$1" ] &&
+ deny >/dev/null "You can't overwrite an existing tag"
+ ;;
+ refs/heads/*)
+ # No rebasing or rewinding
+ if expr "$2" : '0*$' >/dev/null; then
+ info "The branch '$1' is new..."
+ else
+ # updating -- make sure it is a fast forward
+ mb=$(git-merge-base "$2" "$3")
+ case "$mb,$2" in
+ "$2,$mb") info "Update is fast-forward" ;;
+ *) deny >/dev/null "This is not a fast-forward update." ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+ *)
+ deny >/dev/null \
+ "Branch is not under refs/heads or refs/tags. What are you trying to do?"
+ ;;
+esac
+
+# Implement per-branch controls based on username
+allowed_users_file=$GIT_DIR/info/allowed-users
+username=$(id -u -n)
+info "The user is: '$username'"
+
+if [ -f "$allowed_users_file" ]; then
+ rc=$(cat $allowed_users_file | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' |
+ while read head_pattern user_patterns; do
+ matchlen=$(expr "$1" : "$head_pattern")
+ if [ "$matchlen" == "${#1}" ]; then
+ info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
+ for user_pattern in $user_patterns; do
+ info "Checking user: '$username' against pattern: '$user_pattern'"
+ matchlen=$(expr "$username" : "$user_pattern")
+ if [ "$matchlen" == "${#username}" ]; then
+ grant "Allowing user: '$username' with pattern: '$user_pattern'"
+ fi
+ done
+ deny "The user is not in the access list for this branch"
+ fi
+ done
+ )
+ case "$rc" in
+ grant) grant >/dev/null "Granting access based on $allowed_users_file" ;;
+ deny) deny >/dev/null "Denying access based on $allowed_users_file" ;;
+ *) ;;
+ esac
+fi
+
+allowed_groups_file=$GIT_DIR/info/allowed-groups
+groups=$(id -G -n)
+info "The user belongs to the following groups:"
+info "'$groups'"
+
+if [ -f "$allowed_groups_file" ]; then
+ rc=$(cat $allowed_groups_file | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' |
+ while read head_pattern group_patterns; do
+ matchlen=$(expr "$1" : "$head_pattern")
+ if [ "$matchlen" == "${#1}" ]; then
+ info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
+ for group_pattern in $group_patterns; do
+ for groupname in $groups; do
+ info "Checking group: '$groupname' against pattern: '$group_pattern'"
+ matchlen=$(expr "$groupname" : "$group_pattern")
+ if [ "$matchlen" == "${#groupname}" ]; then
+ grant "Allowing group: '$groupname' with pattern: '$group_pattern'"
+ fi
+ done
+ done
+ deny "None of the user's groups are in the access list for this branch"
+ fi
+ done
+ )
+ case "$rc" in
+ grant) grant >/dev/null "Granting access based on $allowed_groups_file" ;;
+ deny) deny >/dev/null "Denying access based on $allowed_groups_file" ;;
+ *) ;;
+ esac
+fi
+
+deny >/dev/null "There are no more rules to check. Denying access"
+
+-- >8 -- end of script -- >8 --
+
+This uses two files, $GIT_DIR/info/allowed-users and
+allowed-groups, to describe which heads can be pushed into by
+whom. The format of each file would look like this:
refs/heads/master junio
refs/heads/cogito$ pasky
@@ -91,15 +165,8 @@ like this in $GIT_DIR/info/allowed-pushers file:
refs/tags/v[0-9]* junio
With this, Linus can push or create "bw/penguin" or "bw/zebra"
-or "bw/panda" branches, Pasky can do only "cogito", and I can do
-master branch and make versioned tags. And anybody can do
-tmp/blah branches. This assumes all the users are in a single
-group that can write into $GIT_DIR/ and underneath.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+or "bw/panda" branches, Pasky can do only "cogito", and JC can
+do master branch and make versioned tags. And anybody can do
+tmp/blah branches.
+------------
diff --git a/Documentation/tutorial.txt b/Documentation/tutorial.txt
index cf7ba76dd..db0bf3e52 100644
--- a/Documentation/tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/tutorial.txt
@@ -1636,6 +1636,41 @@ fast forward. You need to pull and merge those other changes
back before you push your work when it happens.
+Advanced Shared Repository Management
+-------------------------------------
+
+Being able to push into a shared repository means being able to
+write into it. If your developers are coming over the network,
+this means you, as the repository administrator, need to give
+each of them an SSH access to the shared repository machine.
+
+In some cases, though, you may not want to give a normal shell
+account to them, but want to restrict them to be able to only
+do `git push` into the repository and nothing else.
+
+You can achieve this by setting the login shell of your
+developers on the shared repository host to `git-shell` program.
+
+[NOTE]
+Most likely you would also need to list `git-shell` program in
+`/etc/shells` file.
+
+This restricts the set of commands that can be run from incoming
+SSH connection for these users to only `receive-pack` and
+`upload-pack`, so the only thing they can do are `git fetch` and
+`git push`.
+
+You still need to create UNIX user accounts for each developer,
+and put them in the same group. Make sure that the repository
+shared among these developers is writable by that group.
+
+You can implement finer grained branch policies using update
+hooks. There is a document ("control access to branches") in
+Documentation/howto by Carl Baldwin and JC outlining how to (1)
+limit access to branch per user, (2) forbid overwriting existing
+tags.
+
+
Bundling your work together
---------------------------