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authorJunio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>2006-09-15 13:30:02 -0700
committerJunio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>2006-09-16 10:22:02 -0700
commit9f613ddd21cbd05bfc139d9b1551b5780aa171f6 (patch)
tree047f4e4562a81d7719c5c33b56aefb1a22f9ec70 /Documentation
parente7676d2f6454c9c99e600ee2ce3c7205a9fcfb5f (diff)
downloadgit-9f613ddd21cbd05bfc139d9b1551b5780aa171f6.tar.gz
git-9f613ddd21cbd05bfc139d9b1551b5780aa171f6.tar.xz
Add git-for-each-ref: helper for language bindings
This adds a new command, git-for-each-ref. You can have it iterate over refs and have it output various aspects of the objects they refer to. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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+git-for-each-ref(1)
+===================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git-for-each-ref' [--count=<count>]* [--shell|--perl|--python] [--sort=<key>]* [--format=<format>] [<pattern>]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+Iterate over all refs that match `<pattern>` and show them
+according to the given `<format>`, after sorting them according
+to the given set of `<key>`s. If `<max>` is given, stop after
+showing that many refs. The interporated values in `<format>`
+can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
+host language.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+<count>::
+ By default the command shows all refs that match
+ `<pattern>`. This option makes it stop after showing
+ that many refs.
+
+<key>::
+ A field name to sort on. Prefix `-` to sort in
+ descending order of the value. When unspecified,
+ `refname` is used. More than one sort keys can be
+ given.
+
+<format>::
+ A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
+ object pointed at by a ref being shown. If `fieldname`
+ is prefixed with an asterisk (`*`) and the ref points
+ at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
+ tag refers is used. When unspecified, defaults to
+ `%(refname)`.
+
+<pattern>::
+ If given, the name of the ref is matched against this
+ using fnmatch(3). Refs that do not match the pattern
+ are not shown.
+
+--shell, --perl, --python::
+ If given, strings that substitute `%(fieldname)`
+ placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
+ the specified host language. This is meant to produce
+ a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
+
+
+FIELD NAMES
+-----------
+
+Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
+be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
+keys.
+
+For all objects, the following names can be used:
+
+refname::
+ The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/refs/).
+
+objecttype::
+ The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
+
+objectsize::
+ The size of the object (the same as `git-cat-file -s` reports).
+
+objectname::
+ The object name (aka SHA-1).
+
+In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
+field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
+be used to specify the value in the header field.
+
+Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`,
+`committer`, and `tagger`) can be suffixed with `name`, `email`,
+and `date` to extract the named component.
+
+The first line of the message in a commit and tag object is
+`subject`, the remaining lines are `body`. The whole message
+is `contents`.
+
+For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
+order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
+All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.
+
+In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
+the object referred by the ref does not cause an error. It
+returns an empty string instead.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+Show the most recent 3 tagged commits::
+
+------------
+#!/bin/sh
+
+git-for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
+--format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
+Subject: %(*subject)
+Date: %(*authordate)
+Ref: %(*refname)
+
+%(*body)
+' 'refs/tags'
+------------
+
+A bit more elaborate report on tags::
+------------
+#!/bin/sh
+
+fmt='
+ r=%(refname)
+ t=%(*objecttype)
+ T=${r#refs/tags/}
+
+ o=%(*objectname)
+ n=%(*authorname)
+ e=%(*authoremail)
+ s=%(*subject)
+ d=%(*authordate)
+ b=%(*body)
+
+ kind=Tag
+ if test "z$t" = z
+ then
+ # could be a lightweight tag
+ t=%(objecttype)
+ kind="Lightweight tag"
+ o=%(objectname)
+ n=%(authorname)
+ e=%(authoremail)
+ s=%(subject)
+ d=%(authordate)
+ b=%(body)
+ fi
+ echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
+ if test "z$t" = zcommit
+ then
+ echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
+at $d, and titled
+
+ $s
+
+Its message reads as:
+"
+ echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/ /"
+ echo
+ fi
+'
+
+eval=`git-for-each-ref -s --format="$fmt" \
+ --sort='*objecttype' \
+ --sort=-taggerdate \
+ refs/tags`
+eval "$eval"
+------------