git-gui: Always use absolute path to all git executables

Rather than making the C library search for git every time we want
to execute it we now search for the main git wrapper at startup, do
symlink resolution, and then always use the absolute path that we
found to execute the binary later on.  This should save us some
cycles, especially on stat challenged systems like Cygwin/Win32.

While I was working on this change I also converted all of our
existing pipes ([open "| git ..."]) to use two new pipe wrapper
functions.  These functions take additional options like --nice
and --stderr which instructs Tcl to take special action, like
running the underlying git program through `nice` (if available)
or redirect stderr to stdout for capture in Tcl.

Signed-off-by: Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>

12 files changed, 57 insertions, 68 deletions

diff --git a/lib/blame.tcl b/lib/blame.tcl
index 13bfab335..4bdb9a27a 100644
--- a/lib/blame.tcl
+++ b/lib/blame.tcl
@@ -371,8 +371,7 @@ method _load {jump} {
 	if {$commit eq {}} {
 		set fd [open $path r]
 	} else {
-		set cmd [list git cat-file blob "$commit:$path"]
-		set fd [open "| $cmd" r]
+		set fd [git_read cat-file blob "$commit:$path"]
 	}
 	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf -encoding binary
 	fileevent $fd readable [cb _read_file $fd $jump]
@@ -475,20 +474,14 @@ method _read_file {fd jump} {
 } ifdeleted { catch {close $fd} }
 
 method _exec_blame {cur_w cur_d options cur_s} {
-	set cmd [list]
-	if {![is_Windows] || [is_Cygwin]} {
-		lappend cmd nice
-	}
-	lappend cmd git blame
-	set cmd [concat $cmd $options]
-	lappend cmd --incremental
+	lappend options --incremental
 	if {$commit eq {}} {
-		lappend cmd --contents $path
+		lappend options --contents $path
 	} else {
-		lappend cmd $commit
+		lappend options $commit
 	}
-	lappend cmd -- $path
-	set fd [open "| $cmd" r]
+	lappend options -- $path
+	set fd [eval git_read --nice blame $options]
 	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation lf -encoding binary
 	fileevent $fd readable [cb _read_blame $fd $cur_w $cur_d]
 	set current_fd $fd
@@ -767,7 +760,7 @@ method _showcommit {cur_w lno} {
 		if {[catch {set msg $header($cmit,message)}]} {
 			set msg {}
 			catch {
-				set fd [open "| git cat-file commit $cmit" r]
+				set fd [git_read cat-file commit $cmit]
 				fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
 				if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
 					set enc utf-8
diff --git a/lib/branch.tcl b/lib/branch.tcl
index b948d926a..777eeb79c 100644
--- a/lib/branch.tcl
+++ b/lib/branch.tcl
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ proc load_all_heads {} {
 	set rh refs/heads
 	set rh_len [expr {[string length $rh] + 1}]
 	set all_heads [list]
-	set fd [open "| git for-each-ref --format=%(refname) $rh" r]
+	set fd [git_read for-each-ref --format=%(refname) $rh]
 	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
 		if {!$some_heads_tracking || ![is_tracking_branch $line]} {
 			lappend all_heads [string range $line $rh_len end]
@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ proc load_all_heads {} {
 
 proc load_all_tags {} {
 	set all_tags [list]
-	set fd [open "| git for-each-ref --sort=-taggerdate --format=%(refname) refs/tags" r]
+	set fd [git_read for-each-ref \
+		--sort=-taggerdate \
+		--format=%(refname) \
+		refs/tags]
 	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
 		if {![regsub ^refs/tags/ $line {} name]} continue
 		lappend all_tags $name
diff --git a/lib/browser.tcl b/lib/browser.tcl
index 3d6341bcc..4d33052ab 100644
--- a/lib/browser.tcl
+++ b/lib/browser.tcl
@@ -178,8 +178,7 @@ method _ls {tree_id {name {}}} {
 	lappend browser_stack [list $tree_id $name]
 	$w conf -state disabled
 
-	set cmd [list git ls-tree -z $tree_id]
-	set fd [open "| $cmd" r]
+	set fd [git_read ls-tree -z $tree_id]
 	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
 	fileevent $fd readable [cb _read $fd]
 }
diff --git a/lib/checkout_op.tcl b/lib/checkout_op.tcl
index 5d02daac6..00a994be1 100644
--- a/lib/checkout_op.tcl
+++ b/lib/checkout_op.tcl
@@ -274,12 +274,12 @@ The rescan will be automatically started now.
 		_readtree $this
 	} else {
 		ui_status {Refreshing file status...}
-		set cmd [list git update-index]
-		lappend cmd -q
-		lappend cmd --unmerged
-		lappend cmd --ignore-missing
-		lappend cmd --refresh
-		set fd [open "| $cmd" r]
+		set fd [git_read update-index \
+			-q \
+			--unmerged \
+			--ignore-missing \
+			--refresh \
+			]
 		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
 		fileevent $fd readable [cb _refresh_wait $fd]
 	}
@@ -315,23 +315,14 @@ method _readtree {} {
 		"Updating working directory to '[_name $this]'..." \
 		{files checked out}
 
-	set cmd [list git read-tree]
-	lappend cmd -m
-	lappend cmd -u
-	lappend cmd -v
-	lappend cmd --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
-	lappend cmd $HEAD
-	lappend cmd $new_hash
-
-	if {[catch {
-			set fd [open "| $cmd 2>@1" r]
-		} err]} {
-		# Older versions of Tcl 8.4 don't have this 2>@1 IO
-		# redirect operator.  Fallback to |& cat for those.
-		#
-		set fd [open "| $cmd |& cat" r]
-	}
-
+	set fd [git_read --stderr read-tree \
+		-m \
+		-u \
+		-v \
+		--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore \
+		$HEAD \
+		$new_hash \
+		]
 	fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
 	fileevent $fd readable [cb _readtree_wait $fd]
 }
@@ -524,7 +515,7 @@ method _confirm_reset {cur} {
 	pack $w.buttons.cancel -side right -padx 5
 	pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
 
-	set fd [open "| git rev-list --pretty=oneline $cur ^$new_hash" r]
+	set fd [git_read rev-list --pretty=oneline $cur ^$new_hash]
 	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
 		set abbr [string range $line 0 7]
 		set subj [string range $line 41 end]
diff --git a/lib/commit.tcl b/lib/commit.tcl
index d0e4996ba..dc7c88c60 100644
--- a/lib/commit.tcl
+++ b/lib/commit.tcl
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully completed.  Y
 	set msg {}
 	set parents [list]
 	if {[catch {
-			set fd [open "| git cat-file commit $curHEAD" r]
+			set fd [git_read cat-file commit $curHEAD]
 			fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
 			if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
 				set enc utf-8
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ proc commit_prehook_wait {fd_ph curHEAD msg} {
 
 proc commit_writetree {curHEAD msg} {
 	ui_status {Committing changes...}
-	set fd_wt [open "| git write-tree" r]
+	set fd_wt [git_read write-tree]
 	fileevent $fd_wt readable \
 		[list commit_committree $fd_wt $curHEAD $msg]
 }
diff --git a/lib/database.tcl b/lib/database.tcl
index 43e4a289b..87c815d7a 100644
--- a/lib/database.tcl
+++ b/lib/database.tcl
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Shawn Pearce
 
 proc do_stats {} {
-	set fd [open "| git count-objects -v" r]
+	set fd [git_read count-objects -v]
 	while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
 		if {[regexp {^([^:]+): (\d+)$} $line _ name value]} {
 			set stats($name) $value
diff --git a/lib/diff.tcl b/lib/diff.tcl
index 05bf75179..9cb9d0604 100644
--- a/lib/diff.tcl
+++ b/lib/diff.tcl
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ proc show_diff {path w {lno {}}} {
 		return
 	}
 
-	set cmd [list | git]
+	set cmd [list]
 	if {$w eq $ui_index} {
 		lappend cmd diff-index
 		lappend cmd --cached
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ proc show_diff {path w {lno {}}} {
 	lappend cmd --
 	lappend cmd $path
 
-	if {[catch {set fd [open $cmd r]} err]} {
+	if {[catch {set fd [eval git_read --nice $cmd]} err]} {
 		set diff_active 0
 		unlock_index
 		ui_status "Unable to display [escape_path $path]"
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ proc apply_hunk {x y} {
 	if {$current_diff_path eq {} || $current_diff_header eq {}} return
 	if {![lock_index apply_hunk]} return
 
-	set apply_cmd {git apply --cached --whitespace=nowarn}
+	set apply_cmd {apply --cached --whitespace=nowarn}
 	set mi [lindex $file_states($current_diff_path) 0]
 	if {$current_diff_side eq $ui_index} {
 		set mode unstage
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ proc apply_hunk {x y} {
 	}
 
 	if {[catch {
-		set p [open "| $apply_cmd" w]
+		set p [eval git_write $apply_cmd]
 		fconfigure $p -translation binary -encoding binary
 		puts -nonewline $p $current_diff_header
 		puts -nonewline $p [$ui_diff get $s_lno $e_lno]
diff --git a/lib/index.tcl b/lib/index.tcl
index 7c175a96a..3ea72e1ec 100644
--- a/lib/index.tcl
+++ b/lib/index.tcl
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ proc update_indexinfo {msg pathList after} {
 		$update_index_cp \
 		$totalCnt \
 		0.0]
-	set fd [open "| git update-index -z --index-info" w]
+	set fd [git_write update-index -z --index-info]
 	fconfigure $fd \
 		-blocking 0 \
 		-buffering full \
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ proc update_index {msg pathList after} {
 		$update_index_cp \
 		$totalCnt \
 		0.0]
-	set fd [open "| git update-index --add --remove -z --stdin" w]
+	set fd [git_write update-index --add --remove -z --stdin]
 	fconfigure $fd \
 		-blocking 0 \
 		-buffering full \
@@ -167,13 +167,13 @@ proc checkout_index {msg pathList after} {
 		$update_index_cp \
 		$totalCnt \
 		0.0]
-	set cmd [list git checkout-index]
-	lappend cmd --index
-	lappend cmd --quiet
-	lappend cmd --force
-	lappend cmd -z
-	lappend cmd --stdin
-	set fd [open "| $cmd " w]
+	set fd [git_write checkout-index \
+		--index \
+		--quiet \
+		--force \
+		-z \
+		--stdin \
+		]
 	fconfigure $fd \
 		-blocking 0 \
 		-buffering full \
diff --git a/lib/merge.tcl b/lib/merge.tcl
index f0a02ea22..288d7ac88 100644
--- a/lib/merge.tcl
+++ b/lib/merge.tcl
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ The working directory will now be reset.
 
 You can attempt this merge again by merging only one branch at a time." $w
 
-			set fd [open "| git read-tree --reset -u HEAD" r]
+			set fd [git_read read-tree --reset -u HEAD]
 			fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
 			fileevent $fd readable \
 				[namespace code [list _reset_wait $fd]]
@@ -167,11 +167,13 @@ proc dialog {} {
 	if {![_can_merge]} return
 
 	set fmt {list %(objectname) %(*objectname) %(refname) %(subject)}
-	set cmd [list git for-each-ref --tcl --format=$fmt]
-	lappend cmd refs/heads
-	lappend cmd refs/remotes
-	lappend cmd refs/tags
-	set fr_fd [open "| $cmd" r]
+	set fr_fd [git_read for-each-ref \
+		--tcl \
+		--format=$fmt \
+		refs/heads \
+		refs/remotes \
+		refs/tags \
+		]
 	fconfigure $fr_fd -translation binary
 	while {[gets $fr_fd line] > 0} {
 		set line [eval $line]
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@ proc dialog {} {
 	close $fr_fd
 
 	set to_show {}
-	set fr_fd [open "| git rev-list --all --not HEAD"]
+	set fr_fd [git_read rev-list --all --not HEAD]
 	while {[gets $fr_fd line] > 0} {
 		if {[catch {set ref $sha1($line)}]} continue
 		foreach n $ref {
@@ -282,7 +284,7 @@ You must finish amending this commit.
 Aborting the current $op will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.
 
 Continue with aborting the current $op?"] eq {yes}} {
-		set fd [open "| git read-tree --reset -u HEAD" r]
+		set fd [git_read read-tree --reset -u HEAD]
 		fconfigure $fd -blocking 0 -translation binary
 		fileevent $fd readable [namespace code [list _reset_wait $fd]]
 		ui_status {Aborting... please wait...}
diff --git a/lib/option.tcl b/lib/option.tcl
index 743304269..aa9f783af 100644
--- a/lib/option.tcl
+++ b/lib/option.tcl
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ $copyright" \
 	}
 
 	set d {}
+	append d "git wrapper: $::_git\n"
 	append d "git exec dir: [gitexec]\n"
 	append d "git-gui lib: $oguilib"
 
diff --git a/lib/remote.tcl b/lib/remote.tcl
index fabec05ff..e235ca887 100644
--- a/lib/remote.tcl
+++ b/lib/remote.tcl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ proc all_tracking_branches {} {
 	}
 
 	if {$pat ne {}} {
-		set fd [open "| git for-each-ref --format=%(refname) $cmd" r]
+		set fd [eval git_read for-each-ref --format=%(refname) $cmd]
 		while {[gets $fd n] > 0} {
 			foreach spec $pat {
 				set dst [string range [lindex $spec 0] 0 end-2]
diff --git a/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl b/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
index d7e2b8db4..c88a360db 100644
--- a/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
+++ b/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ method _load {cache uri} {
 		set full_list [list]
 		set head_cache($cache) [list]
 		set full_cache($cache) [list]
-		set active_ls [open "| [list git ls-remote $uri]" r]
+		set active_ls [git_read ls-remote $uri]
 		fconfigure $active_ls \
 			-blocking 0 \
 			-translation lf \