23 files changed, 540 insertions, 322 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index 4758c33de..329fce0aa 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -23,6 +23,13 @@ distinguish between them.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+--parseopt::
+	Use `git-rev-parse` in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
+
+--keep-dash-dash::
+	Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Tells the option parser to echo
+	out the first `--` met instead of skipping it.
+
 --revs-only::
 	Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
 	`git-rev-list` command.
@@ -288,10 +295,75 @@ Here are a handful examples:
    C^@              I J F
    F^! D            G H D F
 
+PARSEOPT
+--------
+
+In `--parseopt` mode, `git-rev-parse` helps massaging options to bring to shell
+scripts the same facilities C builtins have. It works as an option normalizer
+(e.g. splits single switches aggregate values), a bit like `getopt(1)` does.
+
+It takes on the standard input the specification of the options to parse and
+understand, and echoes on the standard output a line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`
+to replace the arguments with normalized ones.  In case of error, it outputs
+usage on the standard error stream, and exits with code 129.
+
+Input Format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`git-rev-parse --parseopt` input format is fully text based. It has two parts,
+separated by a line that contains only `--`. The lines before the separator
+(should be more than one) are used for the usage.
+The lines after the separator describe the options.
+
+Each line of options has this format:
+
+------------
+<opt_spec><arg_spec>? SP+ help LF
+------------
+
+`<opt_spec>`::
+	its format is the short option character, then the long option name
+	separated by a comma. Both parts are not required, though at least one
+	is necessary. `h,help`, `dry-run` and `f` are all three correct
+	`<opt_spec>`.
+
+`<arg_spec>`::
+	an `<arg_spec>` tells the option parser if the option has an argument
+	(`=`), an optional one (`?` though its use is discouraged) or none
+	(no `<arg_spec>` in that case).
+
+The remainder of the line, after stripping the spaces, is used
+as the help associated to the option.
+
+Blank lines are ignored, and lines that don't match this specification are used
+as option group headers (start the line with a space to create such
+lines on purpose).
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+------------
+OPTS_SPEC="\
+some-command [options] <args>...
+
+some-command does foo and bar!
+--
+h,help    show the help
+
+foo       some nifty option --foo
+bar=      some cool option --bar with an argument
+
+  An option group Header
+C?        option C with an optional argument"
+
+eval `echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git-rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?`
+------------
+
+
 Author
 ------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> .
+Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
 
 Documentation
 --------------
diff --git a/builtin-rev-parse.c b/builtin-rev-parse.c
index 8d78b69c9..d1038a0e6 100644
--- a/builtin-rev-parse.c
+++ b/builtin-rev-parse.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 #define DO_REVS		1
 #define DO_NOREV	2
@@ -209,13 +210,138 @@ static int try_difference(const char *arg)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int parseopt_dump(const struct option *o, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct strbuf *parsed = o->value;
+	if (unset)
+		strbuf_addf(parsed, " --no-%s", o->long_name);
+	else if (o->short_name)
+		strbuf_addf(parsed, " -%c", o->short_name);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(parsed, " --%s", o->long_name);
+	if (arg) {
+		strbuf_addch(parsed, ' ');
+		sq_quote_buf(parsed, arg);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *skipspaces(const char *s)
+{
+	while (isspace(*s))
+		s++;
+	return s;
+}
+
+static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	static int keep_dashdash = 0;
+	static char const * const parseopt_usage[] = {
+		"git-rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]",
+		NULL
+	};
+	static struct option parseopt_opts[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "keep-dashdash", &keep_dashdash,
+					"keep the `--` passed as an arg"),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
+
+	struct strbuf sb, parsed;
+	const char **usage = NULL;
+	struct option *opts = NULL;
+	int onb = 0, osz = 0, unb = 0, usz = 0;
+
+	strbuf_init(&parsed, 0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&parsed, "set --");
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, parseopt_opts, parseopt_usage,
+	                     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+	if (argc < 1 || strcmp(argv[0], "--"))
+		usage_with_options(parseopt_usage, parseopt_opts);
+
+	strbuf_init(&sb, 0);
+	/* get the usage up to the first line with a -- on it */
+	for (;;) {
+		if (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+			die("premature end of input");
+		ALLOC_GROW(usage, unb + 1, usz);
+		if (!strcmp("--", sb.buf)) {
+			if (unb < 1)
+				die("no usage string given before the `--' separator");
+			usage[unb] = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+		usage[unb++] = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+	}
+
+	/* parse: (<short>|<short>,<long>|<long>)[=?]? SP+ <help> */
+	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		const char *s;
+		struct option *o;
+
+		if (!sb.len)
+			continue;
+
+		ALLOC_GROW(opts, onb + 1, osz);
+		memset(opts + onb, 0, sizeof(opts[onb]));
+
+		o = &opts[onb++];
+		s = strchr(sb.buf, ' ');
+		if (!s || *sb.buf == ' ') {
+			o->type = OPTION_GROUP;
+			o->help = xstrdup(skipspaces(s));
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		o->type = OPTION_CALLBACK;
+		o->help = xstrdup(skipspaces(s));
+		o->value = &parsed;
+		o->callback = &parseopt_dump;
+		switch (s[-1]) {
+		case '=':
+			s--;
+			break;
+		case '?':
+			o->flags = PARSE_OPT_OPTARG;
+			s--;
+			break;
+		default:
+			o->flags = PARSE_OPT_NOARG;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (s - sb.buf == 1) /* short option only */
+			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
+		else if (sb.buf[1] != ',') /* long option only */
+			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf, s - sb.buf);
+		else {
+			o->short_name = *sb.buf;
+			o->long_name = xmemdupz(sb.buf + 2, s - sb.buf - 2);
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+	/* put an OPT_END() */
+	ALLOC_GROW(opts, onb + 1, osz);
+	memset(opts + onb, 0, sizeof(opts[onb]));
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, opts, usage,
+	                     keep_dashdash ? PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH : 0);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&parsed, " --");
+	sq_quote_argv(&parsed, argv, argc, 0);
+	puts(parsed.buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, as_is = 0, verify = 0;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	git_config(git_default_config);
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp("--parseopt", argv[1]))
+		return cmd_parseopt(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
 
+	prefix = setup_git_directory();
+	git_config(git_default_config);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
index 2514d07de..4126f0e85 100755
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ b/git-am.sh
@@ -2,11 +2,26 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Junio C Hamano
 
-USAGE='[--signoff] [--dotest=<dir>] [--keep] [--utf8 | --no-utf8]
-  [--3way] [--interactive] [--binary]
-  [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>]
-  <mbox>|<Maildir>...
-  or, when resuming [--skip | --resolved]'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-am [options] <mbox>|<Maildir>...
+git-am [options] --resolved
+git-am [options] --skip
+--
+d,dotest=       use <dir> and not .dotest
+i,interactive   run interactively
+b,binary        pass --allo-binary-replacement to git-apply
+3,3way          allow fall back on 3way merging if needed
+s,signoff       add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message
+u,utf8          recode into utf8 (default)
+k,keep          pass -k flagg to git-mailinfo
+whitespace=     pass it through git-apply
+C=              pass it through git-apply
+p=              pass it through git-apply
+resolvemsg=     override error message when patch failure occurs
+r,resolved      to be used after a patch failure
+skip            skip the current patch"
+
 . git-sh-setup
 set_reflog_action am
 require_work_tree
@@ -110,49 +125,38 @@ git_apply_opt=
 while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
-	-d=*|--d=*|--do=*|--dot=*|--dote=*|--dotes=*|--dotest=*)
-	dotest=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`; shift ;;
-	-d|--d|--do|--dot|--dote|--dotes|--dotest)
-	case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac; shift
-	dotest="$1"; shift;;
-
-	-i|--i|--in|--int|--inte|--inter|--intera|--interac|--interact|\
-	--interacti|--interactiv|--interactive)
-	interactive=t; shift ;;
-
-	-b|--b|--bi|--bin|--bina|--binar|--binary)
-	binary=t; shift ;;
-
-	-3|--3|--3w|--3wa|--3way)
-	threeway=t; shift ;;
-	-s|--s|--si|--sig|--sign|--signo|--signof|--signoff)
-	sign=t; shift ;;
-	-u|--u|--ut|--utf|--utf8)
-	utf8=t; shift ;; # this is now default
-	--no-u|--no-ut|--no-utf|--no-utf8)
-	utf8=; shift ;;
-	-k|--k|--ke|--kee|--keep)
-	keep=t; shift ;;
-
-	-r|--r|--re|--res|--reso|--resol|--resolv|--resolve|--resolved)
-	resolved=t; shift ;;
-
-	--sk|--ski|--skip)
-	skip=t; shift ;;
-
-	--whitespace=*|-C*|-p*)
-	git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1"; shift ;;
-
-	--resolvemsg=*)
-	resolvemsg=${1#--resolvemsg=}; shift ;;
-
+	-i|--interactive)
+		interactive=t ;;
+	-b|--binary)
+		binary=t ;;
+	-3|--3way)
+		threeway=t ;;
+	-s|--signoff)
+		sign=t ;;
+	-u|--utf8)
+		utf8=t ;; # this is now default
+	--no-utf8)
+		utf8= ;;
+	-k|--keep)
+		keep=t ;;
+	-r|--resolved)
+		resolved=t ;;
+	--skip)
+		skip=t ;;
+	-d|--dotest)
+		shift; dotest=$1;;
+	--resolvemsg)
+		shift; resolvemsg=$1 ;;
+	--whitespace)
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1=$2"; shift ;;
+	-C|-p)
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1$2"; shift ;;
 	--)
-	shift; break ;;
-	-*)
-	usage ;;
+		shift; break ;;
 	*)
-	break ;;
+		usage ;;
 	esac
+	shift
 done
 
 # If the dotest directory exists, but we have finished applying all the
diff --git a/git-bisect.sh b/git-bisect.sh
index 1ed44e56a..3aac8164c 100755
--- a/git-bisect.sh
+++ b/git-bisect.sh
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ git bisect log
 git bisect run <cmd>...
         use <cmd>... to automatically bisect.'
 
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 
diff --git a/git-checkout.sh b/git-checkout.sh
index 899392067..c00cedd48 100755
--- a/git-checkout.sh
+++ b/git-checkout.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,16 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-USAGE='[-q] [-f] [-b <new_branch>] [-m] [<branch>] [<paths>...]'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=t
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-branch [options] [<branch>] [<paths>...]
+--
+b=          create a new branch started at <branch>
+l           create the new branchs reflog
+track       tells if the new branch should track the remote branch
+f           proceed even if the index or working tree is not HEAD
+m           performa  three-way merge on local modifications if needed
+q,quiet     be quiet
+"
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Sometimes
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
@@ -20,13 +30,12 @@ quiet=
 v=-v
 LF='
 '
-while [ "$#" != "0" ]; do
-    arg="$1"
-    shift
-    case "$arg" in
-	"-b")
-		newbranch="$1"
+
+while test $# != 0; do
+	case "$1" in
+	-b)
 		shift
+		newbranch="$1"
 		[ -z "$newbranch" ] &&
 			die "git checkout: -b needs a branch name"
 		git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$newbranch" &&
@@ -34,64 +43,54 @@ while [ "$#" != "0" ]; do
 		git check-ref-format "heads/$newbranch" ||
 			die "git checkout: we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
 		;;
-	"-l")
+	-l)
 		newbranch_log=-l
 		;;
-	"--track"|"--no-track")
-		track="$arg"
+	--track|--no-track)
+		track="$1"
 		;;
-	"-f")
+	-f)
 		force=1
 		;;
 	-m)
 		merge=1
 		;;
-	"-q")
+	-q|--quiet)
 		quiet=1
 		v=
 		;;
 	--)
+		shift
 		break
 		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
 	*)
-		if rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$arg^0" 2>/dev/null)
-		then
-			if [ -z "$rev" ]; then
-				echo "unknown flag $arg"
-				exit 1
-			fi
-			new_name="$arg"
-			if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$arg"
-			then
-				rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "refs/heads/$arg^0")
-				branch="$arg"
-			fi
-			new="$rev"
-		elif rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$arg^{tree}" 2>/dev/null)
-		then
-			# checking out selected paths from a tree-ish.
-			new="$rev"
-			new_name="$arg^{tree}"
-			branch=
-		else
-			new=
-			new_name=
-			branch=
-			set x "$arg" "$@"
-			shift
-		fi
-		case "$1" in
-		--)
-			shift ;;
-		esac
-		break
+		usage
 		;;
-    esac
+	esac
+	shift
 done
 
+arg="$1"
+if rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$arg^0" 2>/dev/null)
+then
+	[ -z "$rev" ] && die "unknown flag $arg"
+	new_name="$arg"
+	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$arg"
+	then
+		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "refs/heads/$arg^0")
+		branch="$arg"
+	fi
+	new="$rev"
+	shift
+elif rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$arg^{tree}" 2>/dev/null)
+then
+	# checking out selected paths from a tree-ish.
+	new="$rev"
+	new_name="$arg^{tree}"
+	shift
+fi
+[ "$1" = "--" ] && shift
+
 case "$newbranch,$track" in
 ,--*)
 	die "git checkout: --track and --no-track require -b"
@@ -138,8 +137,8 @@ Did you intend to checkout '$@' which can not be resolved as commit?"
 	git ls-files -- "$@" |
 	git checkout-index -f -u --stdin
 
-        # Run a post-checkout hook -- the HEAD does not change so the
-        # current HEAD is passed in for both args
+	# Run a post-checkout hook -- the HEAD does not change so the
+	# current HEAD is passed in for both args
 	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout; then
 	    "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout $old $old 0
 	fi
@@ -294,5 +293,5 @@ fi
 
 # Run a post-checkout hook
 if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout; then
-        "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout $old $new 1
+	"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-checkout $old $new 1
 fi
diff --git a/git-clean.sh b/git-clean.sh
index ad68595fb..01c95e9fe 100755
--- a/git-clean.sh
+++ b/git-clean.sh
@@ -3,16 +3,22 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Pavel Roskin
 #
 
-USAGE="[-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
-LONG_USAGE='Clean untracked files from the working directory
-	-d	remove directories as well
-	-f	override clean.requireForce and clean anyway
-	-n 	don'\''t remove anything, just show what would be done
-	-q	be quiet, only report errors
-	-x	remove ignored files as well
-	-X	remove only ignored files
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-clean [options] <paths>...
+
+Clean untracked files from the working directory
+
 When optional <paths>... arguments are given, the paths
-affected are further limited to those that match them.'
+affected are further limited to those that match them.
+--
+d remove directories as well
+f override clean.requireForce and clean anyway
+n don't remove anything, just show what would be done
+q be quiet, only report errors
+x remove ignored files as well
+X remove only ignored files"
+
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
@@ -56,11 +62,9 @@ do
 		shift
 		break
 		;;
-	-*)
-		usage
-		;;
 	*)
-		break
+		usage # should not happen
+		;;
 	esac
 	shift
 done
@@ -77,9 +81,9 @@ case "$disabled" in
 	;;
 esac
 
-case "$ignored,$ignoredonly" in
-	1,1) usage;;
-esac
+if [ "$ignored,$ignoredonly" = "1,1" ]; then
+	die "-x and -X cannot be set together"
+fi
 
 if [ -z "$ignored" ]; then
 	excl="--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore"
diff --git a/git-clone.sh b/git-clone.sh
index 3f0069360..24ad179bb 100755
--- a/git-clone.sh
+++ b/git-clone.sh
@@ -8,15 +8,36 @@
 # See git-sh-setup why.
 unset CDPATH
 
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]
+--
+n,no-checkout        don't create a checkout
+bare                 create a bare repository
+naked                create a bare repository
+l,local              to clone from a local repository
+no-hardlinks         don't use local hardlinks, always copy
+s,shared             setup as a shared repository
+template=            path to the template directory
+q,quiet              be quiet
+reference=           reference repository
+o,origin=            use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream
+u,upload-pack=       path to git-upload-pack on the remote
+depth=               create a shallow clone of that depth
+
+use-separate-remote  compatibility, do not use
+no-separate-remote   compatibility, do not use"
+
 die() {
 	echo >&2 "$@"
 	exit 1
 }
 
 usage() {
-	die "Usage: $0 [--template=<template_directory>] [--reference <reference-repo>] [--bare] [-l [-s]] [-q] [-u <upload-pack>] [--origin <name>] [--depth <n>] [-n] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+	exec "$0" -h
 }
 
+eval "$(echo "$OPTIONS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?)"
+
 get_repo_base() {
 	(
 		cd "`/bin/pwd`" &&
@@ -106,67 +127,57 @@ depth=
 no_progress=
 local_explicitly_asked_for=
 test -t 1 || no_progress=--no-progress
-while
-	case "$#,$1" in
-	0,*) break ;;
-	*,-n|*,--no|*,--no-|*,--no-c|*,--no-ch|*,--no-che|*,--no-chec|\
-	*,--no-check|*,--no-checko|*,--no-checkou|*,--no-checkout)
-	  no_checkout=yes ;;
-	*,--na|*,--nak|*,--nake|*,--naked|\
-	*,-b|*,--b|*,--ba|*,--bar|*,--bare) bare=yes ;;
-	*,-l|*,--l|*,--lo|*,--loc|*,--loca|*,--local)
-	  local_explicitly_asked_for=yes
-	  use_local_hardlink=yes ;;
-	*,--no-h|*,--no-ha|*,--no-har|*,--no-hard|*,--no-hardl|\
-	*,--no-hardli|*,--no-hardlin|*,--no-hardlink|*,--no-hardlinks)
-	  use_local_hardlink=no ;;
-        *,-s|*,--s|*,--sh|*,--sha|*,--shar|*,--share|*,--shared)
-          local_shared=yes; ;;
-	1,--template) usage ;;
-	*,--template)
+
+while test $# != 0
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-n|--no-checkout)
+		no_checkout=yes ;;
+	--naked|--bare)
+		bare=yes ;;
+	-l|--local)
+		local_explicitly_asked_for=yes
+		use_local_hardlink=yes
+		;;
+	--no-hardlinks)
+		use_local_hardlink=no ;;
+	-s|--shared)
+		local_shared=yes ;;
+	--template)
 		shift; template="--template=$1" ;;
-	*,--template=*)
-	  template="$1" ;;
-	*,-q|*,--quiet) quiet=-q ;;
-	*,--use-separate-remote) ;;
-	*,--no-separate-remote)
+	-q|--quiet)
+		quiet=-q ;;
+	--use-separate-remote|--no-separate-remote)
 		die "clones are always made with separate-remote layout" ;;
-	1,--reference) usage ;;
-	*,--reference)
+	--reference)
 		shift; reference="$1" ;;
-	*,--reference=*)
-		reference=`expr "z$1" : 'z--reference=\(.*\)'` ;;
-	*,-o|*,--or|*,--ori|*,--orig|*,--origi|*,--origin)
-		case "$2" in
+	-o,--origin)
+		shift;
+		case "$1" in
 		'')
 		    usage ;;
 		*/*)
-		    die "'$2' is not suitable for an origin name"
+		    die "'$1' is not suitable for an origin name"
 		esac
-		git check-ref-format "heads/$2" ||
-		    die "'$2' is not suitable for a branch name"
+		git check-ref-format "heads/$1" ||
+		    die "'$1' is not suitable for a branch name"
 		test -z "$origin_override" ||
 		    die "Do not give more than one --origin options."
 		origin_override=yes
-		origin="$2"; shift
+		origin="$1"
 		;;
-	1,-u|1,--upload-pack) usage ;;
-	*,-u|*,--upload-pack)
+	-u|--upload-pack)
 		shift
 		upload_pack="--upload-pack=$1" ;;
-	*,--upload-pack=*)
-		upload_pack=--upload-pack=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)') ;;
-	1,--depth) usage;;
-	*,--depth)
+	--depth)
 		shift
-		depth="--depth=$1";;
-	*,--)
+		depth="--depth=$1" ;;
+	--)
 		shift
 		break ;;
-	*,-*) usage ;;
-	*) break ;;
+	*)
+		usage ;;
 	esac
-do
 	shift
 done
 
diff --git a/git-commit.sh b/git-commit.sh
index 959c4d68e..485339754 100755
--- a/git-commit.sh
+++ b/git-commit.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 USAGE='[-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [--no-verify] [-m <message> | -F <logfile> | (-C|-c) <commit> | --amend] [-u] [-e] [--author <author>] [--template <file>] [[-i | -o] <path>...]'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 
diff --git a/git-filter-branch.sh b/git-filter-branch.sh
index ffcc408ee..c9f515d0e 100755
--- a/git-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/git-filter-branch.sh
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ USAGE="[--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>] \
 [--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force] \
 [<rev-list options>...]"
 
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 
 git diff-files --quiet &&
diff --git a/git-instaweb.sh b/git-instaweb.sh
index ada118052..8503ae403 100755
--- a/git-instaweb.sh
+++ b/git-instaweb.sh
@@ -2,9 +2,21 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Eric Wong
 #
-USAGE='[--start] [--stop] [--restart]
-  [--local] [--httpd=<httpd>] [--port=<port>] [--browser=<browser>]
-  [--module-path=<path> (for Apache2 only)]'
+
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-instaweb [options] (--start | --stop | --restart)
+--
+l,local        only bind on 127.0.0.1
+p,port=        the port to bind to
+d,httpd=       the command to launch
+b,browser=     the browser to launch
+m,module-path= the module path (only needed for apache2)
+ Action
+stop           stop the web server
+start          start the web server
+restart        restart the web server
+"
 
 . git-sh-setup
 
@@ -78,52 +90,26 @@ do
 		start_httpd
 		exit 0
 		;;
-	--local|-l)
+	-l|--local)
 		local=true
 		;;
-	-d|--httpd|--httpd=*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			httpd=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			httpd="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	-d|--httpd)
+		shift
+		httpd="$1"
+		;;
+	-b|--browser)
+		shift
+		browser="$1"
 		;;
-	-b|--browser|--browser=*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			browser=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			browser="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	-p|--port)
+		shift
+		port="$1"
 		;;
-	-p|--port|--port=*)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			port=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			port="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	-m|--module-path)
+		shift
+		module_path="$1"
 		;;
-	-m|--module-path=*|--module-path)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			module_path=`expr "$1" : '-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			module_path="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
+	--)
 		;;
 	*)
 		usage
diff --git a/git-lost-found.sh b/git-lost-found.sh
index f2ec5d147..9cedaf80c 100755
--- a/git-lost-found.sh
+++ b/git-lost-found.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 USAGE=''
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 
 echo "WARNING: '$0' is deprecated in favor of 'git fsck --lost-found'" >&2
diff --git a/git-merge.sh b/git-merge.sh
index b9f05192d..1c123a37e 100755
--- a/git-merge.sh
+++ b/git-merge.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,19 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-USAGE='[-n] [--summary] [--[no-]commit] [--[no-]squash] [--[no-]ff] [-s <strategy>] [-m=<merge-message>] <commit>+'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-merge [options] <remote>...
+git-merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>
+--
+summary              show a diffstat at the end of the merge
+n,no-summary         don't show a diffstat at the end of the merge
+squash               create a single commit instead of doing a merge
+commit               perform a commit if the merge sucesses (default)
+ff                   allow fast forward (default)
+s,strategy=          merge strategy to use
+m,message=           message to be used for the merge commit (if any)
+"
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
@@ -132,72 +144,47 @@ merge_name () {
 	fi
 }
 
-parse_option () {
-	case "$1" in
-	-n|--n|--no|--no-|--no-s|--no-su|--no-sum|--no-summ|\
-		--no-summa|--no-summar|--no-summary)
-		show_diffstat=false ;;
-	--summary)
-		show_diffstat=t ;;
-	--sq|--squ|--squa|--squas|--squash)
-		allow_fast_forward=t squash=t no_commit=t ;;
-	--no-sq|--no-squ|--no-squa|--no-squas|--no-squash)
-		allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit= ;;
-	--c|--co|--com|--comm|--commi|--commit)
-		allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit= ;;
-	--no-c|--no-co|--no-com|--no-comm|--no-commi|--no-commit)
-		allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit=t ;;
-	--ff)
-		allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit= ;;
-	--no-ff)
-		allow_fast_forward=false squash= no_commit= ;;
-	-s=*|--s=*|--st=*|--str=*|--stra=*|--strat=*|--strate=*|\
-		--strateg=*|--strategy=*|\
-	-s|--s|--st|--str|--stra|--strat|--strate|--strateg|--strategy)
-		case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-			strategy=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
-		1,*)
-			usage ;;
-		*)
-			strategy="$2"
-			shift ;;
-		esac
-		case " $all_strategies " in
-		*" $strategy "*)
-			use_strategies="$use_strategies$strategy " ;;
-		*)
-			die "available strategies are: $all_strategies" ;;
-		esac
-		;;
-	-m=*|--m=*|--me=*|--mes=*|--mess=*|--messa=*|--messag=*|--message=*)
-		merge_msg=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
-		have_message=t
-		;;
-	-m|--m|--me|--mes|--mess|--messa|--messag|--message)
-		shift
-		case "$#" in
-		1)	usage ;;
-		esac
-		merge_msg="$1"
-		have_message=t
-		;;
-	-*)	usage ;;
-	*)	return 1 ;;
-	esac
-	shift
-	args_left=$#
-}
-
 parse_config () {
-	while test $# -gt 0
-	do
-		parse_option "$@" || usage
-		while test $args_left -lt $#
-		do
+	while test $# != 0; do
+		case "$1" in
+		-n|--no-summary)
+			show_diffstat=false ;;
+		--summary)
+			show_diffstat=t ;;
+		--squash)
+			allow_fast_forward=t squash=t no_commit=t ;;
+		--no-squash)
+			allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit= ;;
+		--commit)
+			allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit= ;;
+		--no-commit)
+			allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit=t ;;
+		--ff)
+			allow_fast_forward=t squash= no_commit= ;;
+		--no-ff)
+			allow_fast_forward=false squash= no_commit= ;;
+		-s|--strategy)
+			shift
+			case " $all_strategies " in
+			*" $1 "*)
+				use_strategies="$use_strategies$1 " ;;
+			*)
+				die "available strategies are: $all_strategies" ;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		-m|--message)
 			shift
-		done
+			merge_msg="$1"
+			have_message=t
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break ;;
+		*)	usage ;;
+		esac
+		shift
 	done
+	args_left=$#
 }
 
 test $# != 0 || usage
@@ -209,17 +196,12 @@ then
 	mergeopts=$(git config "branch.${branch#refs/heads/}.mergeoptions")
 	if test -n "$mergeopts"
 	then
-		parse_config $mergeopts
+		parse_config $mergeopts --
 	fi
 fi
 
-while parse_option "$@"
-do
-	while test $args_left -lt $#
-	do
-		shift
-	done
-done
+parse_config "$@"
+while test $args_left -lt $#; do shift; done
 
 if test -z "$show_diffstat"; then
     test "$(git config --bool merge.diffstat)" = false && show_diffstat=false
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index a68b40386..5587c5ece 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 USAGE='[--tool=tool] [file to merge] ...'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
diff --git a/git-pull.sh b/git-pull.sh
index 75ec01196..30fdc5731 100755
--- a/git-pull.sh
+++ b/git-pull.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 USAGE='[-n | --no-summary] [--[no-]commit] [--[no-]squash] [--[no-]ff] [-s strategy]... [<fetch-options>] <repo> <head>...'
 LONG_USAGE='Fetch one or more remote refs and merge it/them into the current HEAD.'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 set_reflog_action "pull $*"
 require_work_tree
diff --git a/git-quiltimport.sh b/git-quiltimport.sh
index 880c81d12..6b0c4d2f2 100755
--- a/git-quiltimport.sh
+++ b/git-quiltimport.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 #!/bin/sh
-USAGE='--dry-run --author <author> --patches </path/to/quilt/patch/directory>'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-quiltimport [options]
+--
+n,dry-run     dry run
+author=       author name and email address for patches without any
+patches=      path to the quilt series and patches
+"
 SUBDIRECTORY_ON=Yes
 . git-sh-setup
 
@@ -8,39 +15,25 @@ quilt_author=""
 while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
-	--au=*|--aut=*|--auth=*|--autho=*|--author=*)
-		quilt_author=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*\(.*\)')
-		shift
-		;;
-
-	--au|--aut|--auth|--autho|--author)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
+	--author)
 		shift
 		quilt_author="$1"
-		shift
 		;;
-
-	--dry-run)
-		shift
+	-n|--dry-run)
 		dry_run=1
 		;;
-
-	--pa=*|--pat=*|--patc=*|--patch=*|--patche=*|--patches=*)
-		QUILT_PATCHES=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*\(.*\)')
-		shift
-		;;
-
-	--pa|--pat|--patc|--patch|--patche|--patches)
-		case "$#" in 1) usage ;; esac
+	--patches)
 		shift
 		QUILT_PATCHES="$1"
-		shift
 		;;
-
+	--)
+		shift
+		break;;
 	*)
-		break
+		usage
 		;;
 	esac
+	shift
 done
 
 # Quilt Author
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index 51063776d..66c80d4e1 100755
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 USAGE='(--continue | --abort | --skip | [--preserve-merges] [--verbose]
 	[--onto <branch>] <upstream> [<branch>])'
 
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index c059749bb..df5fd65d5 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ Example:       git-rebase master~1 topic
 '
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 set_reflog_action rebase
 require_work_tree
diff --git a/git-repack.sh b/git-repack.sh
index 7220635c9..e18eb3f5d 100755
--- a/git-repack.sh
+++ b/git-repack.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,22 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Linus Torvalds
 #
 
-USAGE='[-a|-A] [-d] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-q] [--max-pack-size=N] [--window=N] [--window-memory=N] [--depth=N]'
+OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git-repack [options]
+--
+a               pack everything in a single pack
+A               same as -a, and keep unreachable objects too
+d               remove redundant packs, and run git-prune-packed
+f               pass --no-reuse-delta to git-pack-objects
+q,quiet         be quiet
+l               pass --local to git-pack-objects
+ Packing constraints
+window=         size of the window used for delta compression
+window-memory=  same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count
+depth=          limits the maximum delta depth
+max-pack-size=  maximum size of each packfile
+"
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
 . git-sh-setup
 
@@ -20,10 +35,9 @@ do
 	-q)	quiet=-q ;;
 	-f)	no_reuse=--no-reuse-object ;;
 	-l)	local=--local ;;
-	--max-pack-size=*) extra="$extra $1" ;;
-	--window=*) extra="$extra $1" ;;
-	--window-memory=*) extra="$extra $1" ;;
-	--depth=*) extra="$extra $1" ;;
+	--max-pack-size|--window|--window-memory|--depth)
+		extra="$extra $1=$2"; shift ;;
+	--) shift; break;;
 	*)	usage ;;
 	esac
 	shift
diff --git a/git-request-pull.sh b/git-request-pull.sh
index 95ad66630..068f5e0fc 100755
--- a/git-request-pull.sh
+++ b/git-request-pull.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ USAGE='<commit> <url> [<head>]'
 LONG_USAGE='Summarizes the changes since <commit> to the standard output,
 and includes <url> in the message generated.'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 . git-parse-remote
 
diff --git a/git-sh-setup.sh b/git-sh-setup.sh
index 86d7d4c4e..5aa62dda1 100755
--- a/git-sh-setup.sh
+++ b/git-sh-setup.sh
@@ -16,9 +16,40 @@ die() {
 	exit 1
 }
 
-usage() {
-	die "Usage: $0 $USAGE"
-}
+if test -n "$OPTIONS_SPEC"; then
+	usage() {
+		exec "$0" -h
+	}
+
+	parseopt_extra=
+	[ -n "$OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH" ] &&
+		parseopt_extra="--keep-dashdash"
+
+	eval "$(
+		echo "$OPTIONS_SPEC" |
+			git rev-parse --parseopt $parseopt_extra -- "$@" ||
+		echo exit $?
+	)"
+else
+	usage() {
+		die "Usage: $0 $USAGE"
+	}
+
+	if [ -z "$LONG_USAGE" ]
+	then
+		LONG_USAGE="Usage: $0 $USAGE"
+	else
+		LONG_USAGE="Usage: $0 $USAGE
+
+$LONG_USAGE"
+	fi
+
+	case "$1" in
+		-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
+		echo "$LONG_USAGE"
+		exit
+	esac
+fi
 
 set_reflog_action() {
 	if [ -z "${GIT_REFLOG_ACTION:+set}" ]
@@ -91,21 +122,6 @@ get_author_ident_from_commit () {
 	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_author_script"
 }
 
-if [ -z "$LONG_USAGE" ]
-then
-	LONG_USAGE="Usage: $0 $USAGE"
-else
-	LONG_USAGE="Usage: $0 $USAGE
-
-$LONG_USAGE"
-fi
-
-case "$1" in
-	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
-	echo "$LONG_USAGE"
-	exit
-esac
-
 # Make sure we are in a valid repository of a vintage we understand.
 if [ -z "$SUBDIRECTORY_OK" ]
 then
diff --git a/git-stash.sh b/git-stash.sh
index 1c8b7f925..534eb168a 100755
--- a/git-stash.sh
+++ b/git-stash.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 USAGE='[ | list | show | apply | clear]'
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 cd_to_toplevel
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 5af28ecd5..82ac28fa2 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Lars Hjemli
 
 USAGE='[--quiet] [--cached] [add <repo> [-b branch]|status|init|update] [--] [<path>...]'
+OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 4a250f7e8..7604319b5 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		{ "rerere", cmd_rerere, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "reset", cmd_reset, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "rev-list", cmd_rev_list, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse },
 		{ "revert", cmd_revert, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "rm", cmd_rm, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "runstatus", cmd_runstatus, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },