1065 files changed, 85228 insertions, 18940 deletions

diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
index 6b9c715d2..0636deea9 100644
--- a/.gitattributes
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 * whitespace=!indent,trail,space
-*.[ch] whitespace
+*.[ch] whitespace=indent,trail,space
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index bbaf9de0b..ac02a580d 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,172 +1,195 @@
-GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
-GIT-CFLAGS
-GIT-GUI-VARS
-GIT-VERSION-FILE
-git
-git-add
-git-add--interactive
-git-am
-git-annotate
-git-apply
-git-archimport
-git-archive
-git-bisect
-git-blame
-git-branch
-git-bundle
-git-cat-file
-git-check-attr
-git-check-ref-format
-git-checkout
-git-checkout-index
-git-cherry
-git-cherry-pick
-git-clean
-git-clone
-git-commit
-git-commit-tree
-git-config
-git-count-objects
-git-cvsexportcommit
-git-cvsimport
-git-cvsserver
-git-daemon
-git-diff
-git-diff-files
-git-diff-index
-git-diff-tree
-git-describe
-git-fast-export
-git-fast-import
-git-fetch
-git-fetch--tool
-git-fetch-pack
-git-filter-branch
-git-fmt-merge-msg
-git-for-each-ref
-git-format-patch
-git-fsck
-git-fsck-objects
-git-gc
-git-get-tar-commit-id
-git-grep
-git-hash-object
-git-help
-git-http-fetch
-git-http-push
-git-imap-send
-git-index-pack
-git-init
-git-init-db
-git-instaweb
-git-log
-git-lost-found
-git-ls-files
-git-ls-remote
-git-ls-tree
-git-mailinfo
-git-mailsplit
-git-merge
-git-merge-base
-git-merge-index
-git-merge-file
-git-merge-tree
-git-merge-octopus
-git-merge-one-file
-git-merge-ours
-git-merge-recursive
-git-merge-resolve
-git-merge-subtree
-git-mergetool
-git-mktag
-git-mktree
-git-name-rev
-git-mv
-git-pack-redundant
-git-pack-objects
-git-pack-refs
-git-parse-remote
-git-patch-id
-git-peek-remote
-git-prune
-git-prune-packed
-git-pull
-git-push
-git-quiltimport
-git-read-tree
-git-rebase
-git-rebase--interactive
-git-receive-pack
-git-reflog
-git-relink
-git-remote
-git-repack
-git-repo-config
-git-request-pull
-git-rerere
-git-reset
-git-rev-list
-git-rev-parse
-git-revert
-git-rm
-git-send-email
-git-send-pack
-git-sh-setup
-git-shell
-git-shortlog
-git-show
-git-show-branch
-git-show-index
-git-show-ref
-git-stash
-git-status
-git-stripspace
-git-submodule
-git-svn
-git-symbolic-ref
-git-tag
-git-tar-tree
-git-unpack-file
-git-unpack-objects
-git-update-index
-git-update-ref
-git-update-server-info
-git-upload-archive
-git-upload-pack
-git-var
-git-verify-pack
-git-verify-tag
-git-web--browse
-git-whatchanged
-git-write-tree
-git-core-*/?*
-gitk-wish
-gitweb/gitweb.cgi
-test-chmtime
-test-date
-test-delta
-test-dump-cache-tree
-test-genrandom
-test-match-trees
-test-parse-options
-test-path-utils
-test-sha1
-common-cmds.h
+/GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+/GIT-CFLAGS
+/GIT-GUI-VARS
+/GIT-VERSION-FILE
+/git
+/git-add
+/git-add--interactive
+/git-am
+/git-annotate
+/git-apply
+/git-archimport
+/git-archive
+/git-bisect
+/git-bisect--helper
+/git-blame
+/git-branch
+/git-bundle
+/git-cat-file
+/git-check-attr
+/git-check-ref-format
+/git-checkout
+/git-checkout-index
+/git-cherry
+/git-cherry-pick
+/git-clean
+/git-clone
+/git-commit
+/git-commit-tree
+/git-config
+/git-count-objects
+/git-cvsexportcommit
+/git-cvsimport
+/git-cvsserver
+/git-daemon
+/git-diff
+/git-diff-files
+/git-diff-index
+/git-diff-tree
+/git-difftool
+/git-difftool--helper
+/git-describe
+/git-fast-export
+/git-fast-import
+/git-fetch
+/git-fetch--tool
+/git-fetch-pack
+/git-filter-branch
+/git-fmt-merge-msg
+/git-for-each-ref
+/git-format-patch
+/git-fsck
+/git-fsck-objects
+/git-gc
+/git-get-tar-commit-id
+/git-grep
+/git-hash-object
+/git-help
+/git-http-backend
+/git-http-fetch
+/git-http-push
+/git-imap-send
+/git-index-pack
+/git-init
+/git-init-db
+/git-instaweb
+/git-log
+/git-lost-found
+/git-ls-files
+/git-ls-remote
+/git-ls-tree
+/git-mailinfo
+/git-mailsplit
+/git-merge
+/git-merge-base
+/git-merge-index
+/git-merge-file
+/git-merge-tree
+/git-merge-octopus
+/git-merge-one-file
+/git-merge-ours
+/git-merge-recursive
+/git-merge-resolve
+/git-merge-subtree
+/git-mergetool
+/git-mergetool--lib
+/git-mktag
+/git-mktree
+/git-name-rev
+/git-mv
+/git-notes
+/git-pack-redundant
+/git-pack-objects
+/git-pack-refs
+/git-parse-remote
+/git-patch-id
+/git-peek-remote
+/git-prune
+/git-prune-packed
+/git-pull
+/git-push
+/git-quiltimport
+/git-read-tree
+/git-rebase
+/git-rebase--interactive
+/git-receive-pack
+/git-reflog
+/git-relink
+/git-remote
+/git-remote-curl
+/git-repack
+/git-replace
+/git-repo-config
+/git-request-pull
+/git-rerere
+/git-reset
+/git-rev-list
+/git-rev-parse
+/git-revert
+/git-rm
+/git-send-email
+/git-send-pack
+/git-sh-setup
+/git-shell
+/git-shortlog
+/git-show
+/git-show-branch
+/git-show-index
+/git-show-ref
+/git-stage
+/git-stash
+/git-status
+/git-stripspace
+/git-submodule
+/git-svn
+/git-symbolic-ref
+/git-tag
+/git-tar-tree
+/git-unpack-file
+/git-unpack-objects
+/git-update-index
+/git-update-ref
+/git-update-server-info
+/git-upload-archive
+/git-upload-pack
+/git-var
+/git-verify-pack
+/git-verify-tag
+/git-web--browse
+/git-whatchanged
+/git-write-tree
+/git-core-*/?*
+/gitk-git/gitk-wish
+/gitweb/gitweb.cgi
+/test-chmtime
+/test-ctype
+/test-date
+/test-delta
+/test-dump-cache-tree
+/test-genrandom
+/test-match-trees
+/test-parse-options
+/test-path-utils
+/test-sha1
+/test-sigchain
+/common-cmds.h
 *.tar.gz
 *.dsc
 *.deb
-git.spec
+/git.spec
 *.exe
 *.[aos]
 *.py[co]
-config.mak
-autom4te.cache
-config.cache
-config.log
-config.status
-config.mak.autogen
-config.mak.append
-configure
-tags
-TAGS
-cscope*
+*+
+/config.mak
+/autom4te.cache
+/config.cache
+/config.log
+/config.status
+/config.mak.autogen
+/config.mak.append
+/configure
+/tags
+/TAGS
+/cscope*
+*.obj
+*.lib
+*.sln
+*.suo
+*.ncb
+*.vcproj
+*.user
+*.idb
+*.pdb
+/Debug/
+/Release/
diff --git a/.mailmap b/.mailmap
index 373476bdc..975e6758e 100644
--- a/.mailmap
+++ b/.mailmap
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>
 Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com>
 Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@lavabit.com>
 Nguyễn Thái Ng�c Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
+<nico@fluxnic.net> <nico@cam.org>
 Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
 Ramsay Allan Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
 René Scharfe <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
diff --git a/Documentation/.gitignore b/Documentation/.gitignore
index d8edd9040..1c3a9fead 100644
--- a/Documentation/.gitignore
+++ b/Documentation/.gitignore
@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ gitman.info
 howto-index.txt
 doc.dep
 cmds-*.txt
+manpage-base-url.xsl
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
index f628c1f3b..b8bf618a3 100644
--- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -21,8 +21,13 @@ code.  For git in general, three rough rules are:
 
 As for more concrete guidelines, just imitate the existing code
 (this is a good guideline, no matter which project you are
-contributing to).  But if you must have a list of rules,
-here they are.
+contributing to). It is always preferable to match the _local_
+convention. New code added to git suite is expected to match
+the overall style of existing code. Modifications to existing
+code is expected to match the style the surrounding code already
+uses (even if it doesn't match the overall style of existing code).
+
+But if you must have a list of rules, here they are.
 
 For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
 
@@ -124,3 +129,6 @@ For C programs:
    used in the git core command set (unless your command is clearly
    separate from it, such as an importer to convert random-scm-X
    repositories to git).
+
+ - When we pass <string, length> pair to functions, we should try to
+   pass them in that order.
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index c34c1cae2..4797b2dc3 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ DOC_HTML=$(MAN_HTML)
 ARTICLES = howto-index
 ARTICLES += everyday
 ARTICLES += git-tools
+ARTICLES += git-bisect-lk2009
 # with their own formatting rules.
 SP_ARTICLES = howto/revert-branch-rebase howto/using-merge-subtree user-manual
 API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ DOC_MAN7=$(patsubst %.txt,%.7,$(MAN7_TXT))
 prefix?=$(HOME)
 bindir?=$(prefix)/bin
 htmldir?=$(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
+pdfdir?=$(prefix)/share/doc/git-doc
 mandir?=$(prefix)/share/man
 man1dir=$(mandir)/man1
 man5dir=$(mandir)/man5
@@ -40,7 +42,8 @@ man7dir=$(mandir)/man7
 
 ASCIIDOC=asciidoc
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA =
-MANPAGE_XSL = callouts.xsl
+MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-normal.xsl
+XMLTO_EXTRA =
 INSTALL?=install
 RM ?= rm -f
 DOC_REF = origin/man
@@ -50,6 +53,7 @@ infodir?=$(prefix)/share/info
 MAKEINFO=makeinfo
 INSTALL_INFO=install-info
 DOCBOOK2X_TEXI=docbook2x-texi
+DBLATEX=dblatex
 ifndef PERL_PATH
 	PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
 endif
@@ -57,14 +61,72 @@ endif
 -include ../config.mak.autogen
 -include ../config.mak
 
+#
+# For asciidoc ...
+#	-7.1.2,	no extra settings are needed.
+#	8.0-,	set ASCIIDOC8.
+#
+
+#
+# For docbook-xsl ...
+#	-1.68.1,	set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF? (based on changelog from 1.73.0)
+#	1.69.0,		no extra settings are needed?
+#	1.69.1-1.71.0,	set DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP?
+#	1.71.1,		no extra settings are needed?
+#	1.72.0,		set DOCBOOK_XSL_172.
+#	1.73.0-,	set ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
+#
+
+#
+# If you had been using DOCBOOK_XSL_172 in an attempt to get rid
+# of 'the ".ft C" problem' in your generated manpages, and you
+# instead ended up with weird characters around callouts, try
+# using ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF instead (it works fine with ASCIIDOC8).
+#
+
 ifdef ASCIIDOC8
-ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a asciidoc7compatible
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a asciidoc7compatible -a no-inline-literal
 endif
 ifdef DOCBOOK_XSL_172
-ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a docbook-xsl-172
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
 MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-1.72.xsl
+else
+	ifdef ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF
+	# docbook-xsl after 1.72 needs the regular XSL, but will not
+	# pass-thru raw roff codes from asciidoc.conf, so turn them off.
+	ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
+	endif
+endif
+ifdef MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
+XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-bold-literal.xsl
+endif
+ifdef DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP
+XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-suppress-sp.xsl
 endif
 
+# Newer DocBook stylesheet emits warning cruft in the output when
+# this is not set, and if set it shows an absolute link.  Older
+# stylesheets simply ignore this parameter.
+#
+# Distros may want to use MAN_BASE_URL=file:///path/to/git/docs/
+# or similar.
+ifndef MAN_BASE_URL
+MAN_BASE_URL = file://$(htmldir)/
+endif
+XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-base-url.xsl
+
+# If your target system uses GNU groff, it may try to render
+# apostrophes as a "pretty" apostrophe using unicode.  This breaks
+# cut&paste, so you should set GNU_ROFF to force them to be ASCII
+# apostrophes.  Unfortunately does not work with non-GNU roff.
+ifdef GNU_ROFF
+XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-quote-apos.xsl
+endif
+
+SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
+# Shell quote;
+SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+
 #
 # Please note that there is a minor bug in asciidoc.
 # The version after 6.0.3 _will_ include the patch found here:
@@ -74,6 +136,32 @@ endif
 # yourself - yes, all 6 characters of it!
 #
 
+QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
+QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
+
+ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),w),w)
+PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory
+else # "make -w"
+NO_SUBDIR = :
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s)
+ifndef V
+	QUIET_ASCIIDOC	= @echo '   ' ASCIIDOC $@;
+	QUIET_XMLTO	= @echo '   ' XMLTO $@;
+	QUIET_DB2TEXI	= @echo '   ' DB2TEXI $@;
+	QUIET_MAKEINFO	= @echo '   ' MAKEINFO $@;
+	QUIET_DBLATEX	= @echo '   ' DBLATEX $@;
+	QUIET_XSLTPROC	= @echo '   ' XSLTPROC $@;
+	QUIET_GEN	= @echo '   ' GEN $@;
+	QUIET_STDERR	= 2> /dev/null
+	QUIET_SUBDIR0	= +@subdir=
+	QUIET_SUBDIR1	= ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo '   ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
+			  $(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir
+	export V
+endif
+endif
+
 all: html man
 
 html: $(DOC_HTML)
@@ -87,6 +175,8 @@ man7: $(DOC_MAN7)
 
 info: git.info gitman.info
 
+pdf: user-manual.pdf
+
 install: install-man
 
 install-man: man
@@ -107,11 +197,15 @@ install-info: info
 	  echo "No directory found in $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" >&2 ; \
 	fi
 
+install-pdf: pdf
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 $(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 user-manual.pdf $(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)
+
 install-html: html
-	sh ./install-webdoc.sh $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
 
 ../GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
-	$(MAKE) -C ../ GIT-VERSION-FILE
+	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)../ $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
 -include ../GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
@@ -119,8 +213,8 @@ install-html: html
 # Determine "include::" file references in asciidoc files.
 #
 doc.dep : $(wildcard *.txt) build-docdep.perl
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
-	$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+ $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 -include doc.dep
@@ -138,96 +232,109 @@ cmds_txt = cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt \
 $(cmds_txt): cmd-list.made
 
 cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(MAN1_TXT)
-	$(RM) $@
-	$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	date >$@
 
 clean:
 	$(RM) *.xml *.xml+ *.html *.html+ *.1 *.5 *.7
-	$(RM) *.texi *.texi+ git.info gitman.info
+	$(RM) *.texi *.texi+ *.texi++ git.info gitman.info
 	$(RM) howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
 	$(RM) technical/api-*.html technical/api-index.txt
 	$(RM) $(cmds_txt) *.made
+	$(RM) manpage-base-url.xsl
 
 $(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
-		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $<
+		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-%.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml
-	$(RM) $@
-	xmlto -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) man $<
+manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in
+	sed "s|@@MAN_BASE_URL@@|$(MAN_BASE_URL)|" $< > $@
+
+%.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml manpage-base-url.xsl
+	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(RM) $@ && \
+	xmlto -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
 
 %.xml : %.txt
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
-		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $<
+		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf
-	$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d book $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b docbook -d book $<
 
 technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
 	technical/api-index.sh $(patsubst %,%.txt,$(API_DOCS))
-	cd technical && sh ./api-index.sh
+	$(QUIET_GEN)cd technical && '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./api-index.sh
 
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(API_DOCS) technical/api-index): %.html : %.txt
-	$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -f asciidoc.conf \
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -f asciidoc.conf \
 		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $*.txt
 
 XSLT = docbook.xsl
 XSLTOPTS = --xinclude --stringparam html.stylesheet docbook-xsl.css
 
 user-manual.html: user-manual.xml
-	xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
+	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
 
 git.info: user-manual.texi
-	$(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ user-manual.texi
+	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ user-manual.texi
 
 user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
-	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --to-stdout | $(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl >$@+
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+
+user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
+	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ -p /etc/asciidoc/dblatex/asciidoc-dblatex.xsl -s /etc/asciidoc/dblatex/asciidoc-dblatex.sty $< && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
-	($(foreach xml,$(MAN_XML),$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $(xml);)) | \
-	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ >$@+
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	($(foreach xml,$(MAN_XML),$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 \
+		--to-stdout $(xml) &&) true) > $@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.info: gitman.texi
-	$(MAKEINFO) --no-split $*.texi
+	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $*.texi
 
 $(patsubst %.txt,%.texi,$(MAN_TXT)): %.texi : %.xml
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
-	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@+
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
-	sh ./howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt) >$@+
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt) >$@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
-	$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 $*.txt
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b xhtml11 $*.txt
 
 WEBDOC_DEST = /pub/software/scm/git/docs
 
 $(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt
-	$(RM) $@+ $@
-	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | $(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 - >$@+
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | $(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b xhtml11 - >$@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 install-webdoc : html
-	sh ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
 
 quick-install: quick-install-man
 
 quick-install-man:
-	sh ./install-doc-quick.sh $(DOC_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(DOC_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
 
 quick-install-html:
-	sh ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
 
 .PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt
index f6393f8a9..7bfa34175 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.2.2.txt
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Fixes since v1.5.2.1
     correctly when the branch name had slash in it.
 
   - The email address of the user specified with user.email
-    configuration was overriden by EMAIL environment variable.
+    configuration was overridden by EMAIL environment variable.
 
   - The tree parser did not warn about tree entries with
     nonsense file modes, and assumed they must be blobs.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9065a0e27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.5.4.7 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.5.4.7
+-------------------
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d5e85cb70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.5.5.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.5.5.5
+-------------------
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..79da23db5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.5.6.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.5.6.5
+-------------------
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt
index 7a9646fc4..51b32f5d9 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Fixes since v1.6.0.1
 * Installation on platforms that needs .exe suffix to git-* programs were
   broken in 1.6.0.1.
 
-* Installation on filesystems without symbolic links support did nto
+* Installation on filesystems without symbolic links support did not
   work well.
 
 * In-tree documentations and test scripts now use "git foo" form to set a
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt
index 1dc101c6a..a08bb9673 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt
@@ -4,40 +4,53 @@ GIT v1.6.0.5 Release Notes
 Fixes since v1.6.0.4
 --------------------
 
-* 'git checkout' used to crash when your HEAD was pointing at a deleted
+* "git checkout" used to crash when your HEAD was pointing at a deleted
   branch.
 
-* 'git checkout' from an un-checked-out state did not allow switching out
+* "git checkout" from an un-checked-out state did not allow switching out
   of the current branch.
 
-* 'git diff' always allowed GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and --no-ext-diff was no-op for
+* "git diff" always allowed GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and --no-ext-diff was no-op for
   the command.
 
-* 'git fast-export' did not export all tags.
+* Giving 3 or more tree-ish to "git diff" is supposed to show the combined
+  diff from second and subsequent trees to the first one, but the order was
+  screwed up.
 
-* 'git ls-files --with-tree=<tree>' did not work with options other
+* "git fast-export" did not export all tags.
+
+* "git ls-files --with-tree=<tree>" did not work with options other
   than -c, most notably with -m.
 
-* 'git pack-objects' did not make its best effort to honor --max-pack-size
+* "git pack-objects" did not make its best effort to honor --max-pack-size
   option when a single first object already busted the given limit and
   placed many objects in a single pack.
 
-* 'git-p4' fast import frontend was too eager to trigger its keyword expansion
+* "git-p4" fast import frontend was too eager to trigger its keyword expansion
   logic, even on a keyword-looking string that does not have closing '$' on the
   same line.
 
-* 'git push $there' when the remote $there is defined in $GIT_DIR/branches/$there
+* "git push $there" when the remote $there is defined in $GIT_DIR/branches/$there
   behaves more like what cg-push from Cogito used to work.
 
-* 'git tag' did not complain when given mutually incompatible set of options.
+* when giving up resolving a conflicted merge, "git reset --hard" failed
+  to remove new paths from the working tree.
 
-* 'make check' cannot be run without sparse; people may have meant to say
-  'make test' instead, so suggest that.
+* "git tag" did not complain when given mutually incompatible set of options.
 
-* Many unsafe call to sprintf() style varargs functions are corrected.
+* The message constructed in the internal editor was discarded when "git
+  tag -s" failed to sign the message, which was often caused by the user
+  not configuring GPG correctly.
 
-* Also contains quite a few documentation updates.
+* "make check" cannot be run without sparse; people may have meant to say
+  "make test" instead, so suggest that.
+
+* Internal diff machinery had a corner case performance bug that choked on
+  a large file with many repeated contents.
 
---
-O=v1.6.0.4-39-g27f6496
+* "git repack" used to grab objects out of packs marked with .keep
+  into a new pack.
 
+* Many unsafe call to sprintf() style varargs functions are corrected.
+
+* Also contains quite a few documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64ece1ffd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+GIT v1.6.0.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since 1.6.0.5
+-------------------
+
+ * "git fsck" had a deep recursion that wasted stack space.
+
+ * "git fast-export" and "git fast-import" choked on an old style
+   annotated tag that lack the tagger information.
+
+ * "git mergetool -- file" did not correctly skip "--" marker that
+   signals the end of options list.
+
+ * "git show $tag" segfaulted when an annotated $tag pointed at a
+   nonexistent object.
+
+ * "git show 2>error" when the standard output is automatically redirected
+   to the pager redirected the standard error to the pager as well; there
+   was no need to.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not correctly handle list of addresses when
+   they had quoted comma (e.g. "Lastname, Givenname" <mail@addre.ss>).
+
+ * Logic to discover branch ancestry in "git svn" was unreliable when
+   the process to fetch history was interrupted.
+
+ * Removed support for an obsolete gitweb request URI, whose
+   implementation ran "git diff" Porcelain, instead of using plumbing,
+   which would have run an external diff command specified in the
+   repository configuration as the gitweb user.
+
+Also contains numerous documentation typofixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8c594ba02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1
+------------------
+
+* "git add frotz/nitfol" when "frotz" is a submodule should have errored
+  out, but it didn't.
+
+* "git apply" took file modes from the patch text and updated the mode
+  bits of the target tree even when the patch was not about mode changes.
+
+* "git bisect view" on Cygwin did not launch gitk
+
+* "git checkout $tree" did not trigger an error.
+
+* "git commit" tried to remove COMMIT_EDITMSG from the work tree by mistake.
+
+* "git describe --all" complained when a commit is described with a tag,
+  which was nonsense.
+
+* "git diff --no-index --" did not trigger no-index (aka "use git-diff as
+  a replacement of diff on untracked files") behaviour.
+
+* "git format-patch -1 HEAD" on a root commit failed to produce patch
+  text.
+
+* "git fsck branch" did not work as advertised; instead it behaved the same
+  way as "git fsck".
+
+* "git log --pretty=format:%s" did not handle a multi-line subject the
+  same way as built-in log listers (i.e. shortlog, --pretty=oneline, etc.)
+
+* "git daemon", and "git merge-file" are more careful when freopen fails
+  and barf, instead of going on and writing to unopened filehandle.
+
+* "git http-push" did not like some RFC 4918 compliant DAV server
+  responses.
+
+* "git merge -s recursive" mistakenly overwritten an untracked file in the
+  work tree upon delete/modify conflict.
+
+* "git merge -s recursive" didn't leave the index unmerged for entries with
+  rename/delete conflicts.
+
+* "git merge -s recursive" clobbered untracked files in the work tree.
+
+* "git mv -k" with more than one erroneous paths misbehaved.
+
+* "git read-tree -m -u" hence branch switching incorrectly lost a
+  subdirectory in rare cases.
+
+* "git rebase -i" issued an unnecessary error message upon a user error of
+  marking the first commit to be "squash"ed.
+
+* "git shortlog" did not format a commit message with multi-line
+  subject correctly.
+
+Many documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be37cbb85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1.1
+--------------------
+
+* The logic for rename detection in internal diff used by commands like
+  "git diff" and "git blame" has been optimized to avoid loading the same
+  blob repeatedly.
+
+* We did not allow writing out a blob that is larger than 2GB for no good
+  reason.
+
+* "git format-patch -o $dir", when $dir is a relative directory, used it
+  as relative to the root of the work tree, not relative to the current
+  directory.
+
+* v1.6.1 introduced an optimization for "git push" into a repository (A)
+  that borrows its objects from another repository (B) to avoid sending
+  objects that are available in repository B, when they are not yet used
+  by repository A.  However the code on the "git push" sender side was
+  buggy and did not work when repository B had new objects that are not
+  known by the sender.  This caused pushing into a "forked" repository
+  served by v1.6.1 software using "git push" from v1.6.1 sometimes did not
+  work.  The bug was purely on the "git push" sender side, and has been
+  corrected.
+
+* "git status -v" did not paint its diff output in colour even when
+  color.ui configuration was set.
+
+* "git ls-tree" learned --full-tree option to help Porcelain scripts that
+  want to always see the full path regardless of the current working
+  directory.
+
+* "git grep" incorrectly searched in work tree paths even when they are
+  marked as assume-unchanged.  It now searches in the index entries.
+
+* "git gc" with no grace period needlessly ejected packed but unreachable
+  objects in their loose form, only to delete them right away.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6f0bde156
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1.2
+--------------------
+
+* "git diff --binary | git apply" pipeline did not work well when
+  a binary blob is changed to a symbolic link.
+
+* Some combinations of -b/-w/--ignore-space-at-eol to "git diff" did
+  not work as expected.
+
+* "git grep" did not pass the -I (ignore binary) option when
+  calling out an external grep program.
+
+* "git log" and friends include HEAD to the set of starting points
+  when --all is given.  This makes a difference when you are not
+  on any branch.
+
+* "git mv" to move an untracked file to overwrite a tracked
+  contents misbehaved.
+
+* "git merge -s octopus" with many potential merge bases did not
+  work correctly.
+
+* RPM binary package installed the html manpages in a wrong place.
+
+Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
+
+
+--
+git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.2-33-gc789350..
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ce6316d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+GIT v1.6.1.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1.3
+--------------------
+
+* .gitignore learned to handle backslash as a quoting mechanism for
+  comment introduction character "#".
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.1.
+
+* "git fast-export" produced wrong output with some parents missing from
+  commits, when the history is clock-skewed.
+
+* "git fast-import" sometimes failed to read back objects it just wrote
+  out and aborted, because it failed to flush stale cached data.
+
+* "git-ls-tree" and "git-diff-tree" used a pathspec correctly when
+  deciding to descend into a subdirectory but they did not match the
+  individual paths correctly.  This caused pathspecs "abc/d ab" to match
+  "abc/0" ("abc/d" made them decide to descend into the directory "abc/",
+  and then "ab" incorrectly matched "abc/0" when it shouldn't).
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.3.
+
+* import-zips script (in contrib) did not compute the common directory
+  prefix correctly.
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.2.
+
+* "git init" segfaulted when given an overlong template location via
+  the --template= option.
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.4.
+
+* "git repack" did not error out when necessary object was missing in the
+  repository.
+
+* git-repack (invoked from git-gc) did not work as nicely as it should in
+  a repository that borrows objects from neighbours via alternates
+  mechanism especially when some packs are marked with the ".keep" flag
+  to prevent them from being repacked.
+  This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.3.
+
+Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
+
+--
+git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.3..
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt
index 698c1e0b7..adb7ccab0 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt
@@ -69,12 +69,18 @@ on.
 * "git add -N path..." adds the named paths as an empty blob, so that
   subsequent "git diff" will show a diff as if they are creation events.
 
+* "git add" gained a built-in synonym for people who want to say "stage
+  changes" instead of "add contents to the staging area" which amounts
+  to the same thing.
+
 * "git apply" learned --include=paths option, similar to the existing
   --exclude=paths option.
 
 * "git bisect" is careful about a user mistake and suggests testing of
   merge base first when good is not a strict ancestor of bad.
 
+* "git bisect skip" can take a range of commits.
+
 * "git blame" re-encodes the commit metainfo to UTF-8 from i18n.commitEncoding
   by default.
 
@@ -129,16 +135,10 @@ on.
   cannot produce a patch that can be applied, so this is disabled in
   format-patch among other things).
 
-* "git diff" hunk header pattern for ObjC has been added.
-
 * "--cached" option to "git diff has an easier to remember synonym "--staged",
   to ask "what is the difference between the given commit and the
   contents staged in the index?"
 
-* a "textconv" filter that makes binary files textual form for human
-   consumption can be specified as an attribute for paths; "git diff"
-   learnt to make use of it.
-
 * "git for-each-ref" learned "refname:short" token that gives an
   unambiguously abbreviated refname.
 
@@ -191,9 +191,6 @@ on.
 
 * "git remote show $remote" lists remote branches one-per-line now.
 
-* when giving up resolving a conflicted merge, "git reset --hard" failed
-  to remove new paths from the working tree. [cherry-pick to 'maint'?]
-
 * "git send-email" can be given revision range instead of files and
   maildirs on the command line, and automatically runs format-patch to
   generate patches for the given revision range.
@@ -233,24 +230,44 @@ Fixes since v1.6.0
 All of the fixes in v1.6.0.X maintenance series are included in this
 release, unless otherwise noted.
 
+* Porcelains implemented as shell scripts were utterly confused when you
+  entered to a subdirectory of a work tree from sideways, following a
+  symbolic link (this may need to be backported to older releases later).
+
+* Tracking symbolic links would work better on filesystems whose lstat()
+  returns incorrect st_size value for them.
+
 * "git add" and "git update-index" incorrectly allowed adding S/F when S
   is a tracked symlink that points at a directory D that has a path F in
   it (we still need to fix a similar nonsense when S is a submodule and F
   is a path in it).
 
+* "git am" after stopping at a broken patch lost --whitespace, -C, -p and
+  --3way options given from the command line initially.
+
 * "git diff --stdin" used to take two trees on a line and compared them,
   but we dropped support for such a use case long time ago.  This has
   been resurrected.
 
-* Giving 3 or more tree-ish to "git diff" is supposed to show the combined
-  diff from second and subsequent trees to the first one.  b75271d ("git
-  diff <tree>{3,}": do not reverse order of arguments, 2008-10-10) needs
-  to be cherry-picked to 'maint'.
-
 * "git filter-branch" failed to rewrite a tag name with slashes in it.
 
-* "git repack" used to grab objects out of packs marked with .keep
-  into a new pack (fix scheduled to be further downmerged to maint).
+* "git http-push" did not understand URI scheme other than opaquelocktoken
+  when acquiring a lock from the server (this may need to be backported to
+  older releases later).
+
+* After "git rebase -p" stopped with conflicts while replaying a merge,
+ "git rebase --continue" did not work (may need to be backported to older
+  releases).
+
+* "git revert" records relative to which parent a revert was made when
+  reverting a merge.  Together with new documentation that explains issues
+  around reverting a merge and merging from the updated branch later, this
+  hopefully will reduce user confusion (this may need to be backported to
+  older releases later).
+
+* "git rm --cached" used to allow an empty blob that was added earlier to
+  be removed without --force, even when the file in the work tree has
+  since been modified.
 
 * "git push --tags --all $there" failed with generic usage message without
   telling saying these two options are incompatible.
@@ -259,12 +276,11 @@ release, unless otherwise noted.
   timestamp part, exposing internal implementation detail.  Also these did
   not work with --fixed-strings match at all.
 
-* Internal diff machinery had a corner case performance bug that choked on a
-  large file with many repeated contents (fix scheduled to be further cherry-
-  picked to maint).
+* "gitweb" did not mark non-ASCII characters imported from external HTML fragments
+  correctly.
 
 --
 exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.6.0.4-854-gaaab7ea
+O=v1.6.1-rc3-74-gf66bc5f
 echo O=$(git describe master)
 git shortlog --no-merges $O..master ^maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dfa36416a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2
+------------------
+
+* .gitignore learned to handle backslash as a quoting mechanism for
+  comment introduction character "#".
+
+* timestamp output in --date=relative mode used to display timestamps that
+  are long time ago in the default mode; it now uses "N years M months
+  ago", and "N years ago".
+
+* git-add -i/-p now works with non-ASCII pathnames.
+
+* "git hash-object -w" did not read from the configuration file from the
+  correct .git directory.
+
+* git-send-email learned to correctly handle multiple Cc: addresses.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fafa9986b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.1
+--------------------
+
+* A longstanding confusing description of what --pickaxe option of
+  git-diff does has been clarified in the documentation.
+
+* "git-blame -S" did not quite work near the commits that were given
+  on the command line correctly.
+
+* "git diff --pickaxe-regexp" did not count overlapping matches
+  correctly.
+
+* "git diff" did not feed files in work-tree representation to external
+  diff and textconv.
+
+* "git-fetch" in a repository that was not cloned from anywhere said
+  it cannot find 'origin', which was hard to understand for new people.
+
+* "git-format-patch --numbered-files --stdout" did not have to die of
+  incompatible options; it now simply ignores --numbered-files as no files
+  are produced anyway.
+
+* "git-ls-files --deleted" did not work well with GIT_DIR&GIT_WORK_TREE.
+
+* "git-read-tree A B C..." without -m option has been broken for a long
+  time.
+
+* git-send-email ignored --in-reply-to when --no-thread was given.
+
+* 'git-submodule add' did not tolerate extra slashes and ./ in the path it
+  accepted from the command line; it now is more lenient.
+
+* git-svn misbehaved when the project contained a path that began with
+  two dashes.
+
+* import-zips script (in contrib) did not compute the common directory
+  prefix correctly.
+
+* miscompilation of negated enum constants by old gcc (2.9) affected the
+  codepaths to spawn subprocesses.
+
+Many small documentation updates are included as well.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4d3c1ac91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.2
+--------------------
+
+* Setting an octal mode value to core.sharedrepository configuration to
+  restrict access to the repository to group members did not work as
+  advertised.
+
+* A fairly large and trivial memory leak while rev-list shows list of
+  reachable objects has been identified and plugged.
+
+* "git-commit --interactive" did not abort when underlying "git-add -i"
+  signaled a failure.
+
+* git-repack (invoked from git-gc) did not work as nicely as it should in
+  a repository that borrows objects from neighbours via alternates
+  mechanism especially when some packs are marked with the ".keep" flag
+  to prevent them from being repacked.
+
+Many small documentation updates are included as well.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f4bf1d098
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.3
+--------------------
+
+* The configuration parser had a buffer overflow while parsing an overlong
+  value.
+
+* pruning reflog entries that are unreachable from the tip of the ref
+  during "git reflog prune" (hence "git gc") was very inefficient.
+
+* "git-add -p" lacked a way to say "q"uit to refuse staging any hunks for
+  the remaining paths.  You had to say "d" and then ^C.
+
+* "git-checkout <tree-ish> <submodule>" did not update the index entry at
+  the named path; it now does.
+
+* "git-fast-export" choked when seeing a tag that does not point at commit.
+
+* "git init" segfaulted when given an overlong template location via
+  the --template= option.
+
+* "git-ls-tree" and "git-diff-tree" used a pathspec correctly when
+  deciding to descend into a subdirectory but they did not match the
+  individual paths correctly.  This caused pathspecs "abc/d ab" to match
+  "abc/0" ("abc/d" made them decide to descend into the directory "abc/",
+  and then "ab" incorrectly matched "abc/0" when it shouldn't).
+
+* "git-merge-recursive" was broken when a submodule entry was involved in
+  a criss-cross merge situation.
+
+Many small documentation updates are included as well.
+
+---
+exec >/var/tmp/1
+echo O=$(git describe maint)
+O=v1.6.2.3-38-g318b847
+git shortlog --no-merges $O..maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b23f9e95d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+GIT v1.6.2.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2.4
+--------------------
+
+* "git apply" mishandled if you fed a git generated patch that renames
+  file A to B and file B to A at the same time.
+
+* "git diff -c -p" (and "diff --cc") did not expect to see submodule
+  differences and instead refused to work.
+
+* "git grep -e '('" segfaulted, instead of diagnosing a mismatched
+  parentheses error.
+
+* "git fetch" generated packs with offset-delta encoding when both ends of
+  the connection are capable of producing one; this cannot be read by
+  ancient git and the user should be able to disable this by setting
+  repack.usedeltabaseoffset configuration to false.
+
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad060f4f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+GIT v1.6.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
+currently checked out will be refused by default.  You can choose
+what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
+variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
+
+To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
+push running this release will issue a big warning when the
+configuration variable is missing.  Please refer to:
+
+  http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+  http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+transition plan.
+
+For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
+$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
+branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning.  You can choose what
+should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
+receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
+
+
+Updates since v1.6.1
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+* git-svn updates.
+
+* gitweb updates, including a new patch view and RSS/Atom feed
+  improvements.
+
+* (contrib/emacs) git.el now has commands for checking out a branch,
+  creating a branch, cherry-picking and reverting commits; vc-git.el
+  is not shipped with git anymore (it is part of official Emacs).
+
+(performance)
+
+* pack-objects autodetects the number of CPUs available and uses threaded
+  version.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+* automatic typo correction works on aliases as well
+
+* @{-1} is a way to refer to the last branch you were on.  This is
+  accepted not only where an object name is expected, but anywhere
+  a branch name is expected and acts as if you typed the branch name.
+  E.g. "git branch --track mybranch @{-1}", "git merge @{-1}", and
+  "git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name @{-1}" would work as expected.
+
+* When refs/remotes/origin/HEAD points at a remote tracking branch that
+  has been pruned away, many git operations issued warning when they
+  internally enumerated the refs.  We now warn only when you say "origin"
+  to refer to that pruned branch.
+
+* The location of .mailmap file can be configured, and its file format was
+  enhanced to allow mapping an incorrect e-mail field as well.
+
+* "git add -p" learned 'g'oto action to jump directly to a hunk.
+
+* "git add -p" learned to find a hunk with given text with '/'.
+
+* "git add -p" optionally can be told to work with just the command letter
+  without Enter.
+
+* when "git am" stops upon a patch that does not apply, it shows the
+  title of the offending patch.
+
+* "git am --directory=<dir>" and "git am --reject" passes these options
+  to underlying "git apply".
+
+* "git am" learned --ignore-date option.
+
+* "git blame" aligns author names better when they are spelled in
+  non US-ASCII encoding.
+
+* "git clone" now makes its best effort when cloning from an empty
+  repository to set up configuration variables to refer to the remote
+  repository.
+
+* "git checkout -" is a shorthand for "git checkout @{-1}".
+
+* "git cherry" defaults to whatever the current branch is tracking (if
+  exists) when the <upstream> argument is not given.
+
+* "git cvsserver" can be told not to add extra "via git-CVS emulator" to
+  the commit log message it serves via gitcvs.commitmsgannotation
+  configuration.
+
+* "git cvsserver" learned to handle 'noop' command some CVS clients seem
+  to expect to work.
+
+* "git diff" learned a new option --inter-hunk-context to coalesce close
+  hunks together and show context between them.
+
+* The definition of what constitutes a word for "git diff --color-words"
+  can be customized via gitattributes, command line or a configuration.
+
+* "git diff" learned --patience to run "patience diff" algorithm.
+
+* "git filter-branch" learned --prune-empty option that discards commits
+  that do not change the contents.
+
+* "git fsck" now checks loose objects in alternate object stores, instead
+  of misreporting them as missing.
+
+* "git gc --prune" was resurrected to allow "git gc --no-prune" and
+  giving non-default expiration period e.g. "git gc --prune=now".
+
+* "git grep -w" and "git grep" for fixed strings have been optimized.
+
+* "git mergetool" learned -y(--no-prompt) option to disable prompting.
+
+* "git rebase -i" can transplant a history down to root to elsewhere
+  with --root option.
+
+* "git reset --merge" is a new mode that works similar to the way
+  "git checkout" switches branches, taking the local changes while
+  switching to another commit.
+
+* "git submodule update" learned --no-fetch option.
+
+* "git tag" learned --contains that works the same way as the same option
+  from "git branch".
+
+
+Fixes since v1.6.1
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.1.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
+v1.6.1.X series.
+
+* "git-add sub/file" when sub is a submodule incorrectly added the path to
+  the superproject.
+
+* "git bundle" did not exclude annotated tags even when a range given
+  from the command line wanted to.
+
+* "git filter-branch" unnecessarily refused to work when you had
+  checked out a different commit from what is recorded in the superproject
+  index in a submodule.
+
+* "git filter-branch" incorrectly tried to update a nonexistent work tree
+  at the end when it is run in a bare repository.
+
+* "git gc" did not work if your repository was created with an ancient git
+  and never had any pack files in it before.
+
+* "git mergetool" used to ignore autocrlf and other attributes
+  based content rewriting.
+
+* branch switching and merges had a silly bug that did not validate
+  the correct directory when making sure an existing subdirectory is
+  clean.
+
+* "git -p cmd" when cmd is not a built-in one left the display in funny state
+  when killed in the middle.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2400b72ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+GIT v1.6.3.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3
+------------------
+
+* "git checkout -b new-branch" with a staged change in the index
+  incorrectly primed the in-index cache-tree, resulting a wrong tree
+  object to be written out of the index.  This is a grave regression
+  since the last 1.6.2.X maintenance release.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b2f3f0293
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+GIT v1.6.3.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3.1
+--------------------
+
+ * A few codepaths picked up the first few bytes from an sha1[] by
+   casting the (char *) pointer to (int *); GCC 4.4 did not like this,
+   and aborted compilation.
+
+ * Some unlink(2) failures went undiagnosed.
+
+ * The "recursive" merge strategy misbehaved when faced rename/delete
+   conflicts while coming up with an intermediate merge base.
+
+ * The low-level merge algorithm did not handle a degenerate case of
+   merging a file with itself using itself as the common ancestor
+   gracefully.  It should produce the file itself, but instead
+   produced an empty result.
+
+ * GIT_TRACE mechanism segfaulted when tracing a shell-quoted aliases.
+
+ * OpenBSD also uses st_ctimspec in "struct stat", instead of "st_ctim".
+
+ * With NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS, "make install" can be told not to
+   create hardlinks between $(gitexecdir)/git-$builtin_commands and
+   $(bindir)/git.
+
+ * command completion code in bash did not reliably detect that we are
+   in a bare repository.
+
+ * "git add ." in an empty directory complained that pathspec "." did not
+   match anything, which may be technically correct, but not useful.  We
+   silently make it a no-op now.
+
+ * "git add -p" (and "patch" action in "git add -i") was broken when
+   the first hunk that adds a line at the top was split into two and
+   both halves are marked to be used.
+
+ * "git blame path" misbehaved at the commit where path became file
+   from a directory with some files in it.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref" had a segfaulting bug when dealing with a tag object
+   created by an ancient git.
+
+ * "git format-patch -k" still added patch numbers if format.numbered
+   configuration was set.
+
+ * "git grep --color ''" did not terminate.  The command also had
+   subtle bugs with its -w option.
+
+ * http-push had a small use-after-free bug.
+
+ * "git push" was converting OFS_DELTA pack representation into less
+   efficient REF_DELTA representation unconditionally upon transfer,
+   making the transferred data unnecessarily larger.
+
+ * "git remote show origin" segfaulted when origin was still empty.
+
+Many other general usability updates around help text, diagnostic messages
+and documentation are included as well.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c28398bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+GIT v1.6.3.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "git archive" running on Cygwin can get stuck in an infinite loop.
+
+ * "git daemon" did not correctly parse the initial line that carries
+   virtual host request information.
+
+ * "git diff --textconv" leaked memory badly when the textconv filter
+   errored out.
+
+ * The built-in regular expressions to pick function names to put on
+   hunk header lines for java and objc were very inefficiently written.
+
+ * in certain error situations git-fetch (and git-clone) on Windows didn't
+   detect connection abort and ended up waiting indefinitely.
+
+ * import-tars script (in contrib) did not import symbolic links correctly.
+
+ * http.c used CURLOPT_SSLKEY even on libcURL version 7.9.2, even though
+   it was only available starting 7.9.3.
+
+ * low-level filelevel merge driver used return value from strdup()
+   without checking if we ran out of memory.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" left stray closing parenthesis in its reflog message.
+
+ * "git remote show" did not show all the URLs associated with the named
+   remote, even though "git remote -v" did.  Made them consistent by
+   making the former show all URLs.
+
+ * "whitespace" attribute that is set was meant to detect all errors known
+   to git, but it told git to ignore trailing carriage-returns.
+
+Includes other documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cad461bc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+GIT v1.6.3.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3.3
+--------------------
+
+ * "git add --no-ignore-errors" did not override configured
+   add.ignore-errors configuration.
+
+ * "git apply --whitespace=fix" did not fix trailing whitespace on an
+   incomplete line.
+
+ * "git branch" opened too many commit objects unnecessarily.
+
+ * "git checkout -f $commit" with a path that is a file (or a symlink) in
+   the work tree to a commit that has a directory at the path issued an
+   unnecessary error message.
+
+ * "git diff -c/--cc" was very inefficient in coalescing the removed lines
+   shared between parents.
+
+ * "git diff -c/--cc" showed removed lines at the beginning of a file
+   incorrectly.
+
+ * "git remote show nickname" did not honor configured
+   remote.nickname.uploadpack when inspecting the branches at the remote.
+
+ * "git request-pull" when talking to the terminal for a preview
+   showed some of the output in the pager.
+
+ * "git request-pull start nickname [end]" did not honor configured
+   remote.nickname.uploadpack when it ran git-ls-remote against the remote
+   repository to learn the current tip of branches.
+
+Includes other documentation updates and minor fixes.
+
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..418c685cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+GIT v1.6.3 Release Notes
+========================
+
+With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
+currently checked out will be refused by default.  You can choose
+what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
+variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
+
+To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
+push running this release will issue a big warning when the
+configuration variable is missing.  Please refer to:
+
+  http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+  http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+transition plan.
+
+For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
+$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
+branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning.  You can choose what
+should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
+receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
+
+When the user does not tell "git push" what to push, it has always
+pushed matching refs.  For some people it is unexpected, and a new
+configuration variable push.default has been introduced to allow
+changing a different default behaviour.  To advertise the new feature,
+a big warning is issued if this is not configured and a git push without
+arguments is attempted.
+
+
+Updates since v1.6.2
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+* various git-svn updates.
+
+* git-gui updates, including an update to Russian translation, and a
+  fix to an infinite loop when showing an empty diff.
+
+* gitk updates, including an update to Russian translation and improved Windows
+  support.
+
+(performance)
+
+* many uses of lstat(2) in the codepath for "git checkout" have been
+  optimized out.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+* Boolean configuration variable yes/no can be written as on/off.
+
+* rsync:/path/to/repo can be used to run git over rsync for local
+  repositories.  It may not be useful in practice; meant primarily for
+  testing.
+
+* http transport learned to prompt and use password when fetching from or
+  pushing to http://user@host.xz/ URL.
+
+* (msysgit) progress output that is sent over the sideband protocol can
+  be handled appropriately in Windows console.
+
+* "--pretty=<style>" option to the log family of commands can now be
+  spelled as "--format=<style>".  In addition, --format=%formatstring
+  is a short-hand for --pretty=tformat:%formatstring.
+
+* "--oneline" is a synonym for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit".
+
+* "--graph" to the "git log" family can draw the commit ancestry graph
+  in colors.
+
+* If you realize that you botched the patch when you are editing hunks
+  with the 'edit' action in git-add -i/-p, you can abort the editor to
+  tell git not to apply it.
+
+* @{-1} is a new way to refer to the last branch you were on introduced in
+  1.6.2, but the initial implementation did not teach this to a few
+  commands.  Now the syntax works with "branch -m @{-1} newname".
+
+* git-archive learned --output=<file> option.
+
+* git-archive takes attributes from the tree being archived; strictly
+  speaking, this is an incompatible behaviour change, but is a good one.
+  Use --worktree-attributes option to allow it to read attributes from
+  the work tree as before (deprecated git-tar tree command always reads
+  attributes from the work tree).
+
+* git-bisect shows not just the number of remaining commits whose goodness
+  is unknown, but also shows the estimated number of remaining rounds.
+
+* You can give --date=<format> option to git-blame.
+
+* "git-branch -r" shows HEAD symref that points at a remote branch in
+  interest of each tracked remote repository.
+
+* "git-branch -v -v" is a new way to get list of names for branches and the
+  "upstream" branch for them.
+
+* git-config learned -e option to open an editor to edit the config file
+  directly.
+
+* git-clone runs post-checkout hook when run without --no-checkout.
+
+* git-difftool is now part of the officially supported command, primarily
+  maintained by David Aguilar.
+
+* git-for-each-ref learned a new "upstream" token.
+
+* git-format-patch can be told to use attachment with a new configuration,
+  format.attach.
+
+* git-format-patch can be told to produce deep or shallow message threads.
+
+* git-format-patch can be told to always add sign-off with a configuration
+  variable.
+
+* git-format-patch learned format.headers configuration to add extra
+  header fields to the output.  This behaviour is similar to the existing
+  --add-header=<header> option of the command.
+
+* git-format-patch gives human readable names to the attached files, when
+  told to send patches as attachments.
+
+* git-grep learned to highlight the found substrings in color.
+
+* git-imap-send learned to work around Thunderbird's inability to easily
+  disable format=flowed with a new configuration, imap.preformattedHTML.
+
+* git-rebase can be told to rebase the series even if your branch is a
+  descendant of the commit you are rebasing onto with --force-rebase
+  option.
+
+* git-rebase can be told to report diffstat with the --stat option.
+
+* Output from git-remote command has been vastly improved.
+
+* "git remote update --prune $remote" updates from the named remote and
+  then prunes stale tracking branches.
+
+* git-send-email learned --confirm option to review the Cc: list before
+  sending the messages out.
+
+(developers)
+
+* Test scripts can be run under valgrind.
+
+* Test scripts can be run with installed git.
+
+* Makefile learned 'coverage' option to run the test suites with
+  coverage tracking enabled.
+
+* Building the manpages with docbook-xsl between 1.69.1 and 1.71.1 now
+  requires setting DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP to work around a docbook-xsl bug.
+  This workaround used to be enabled by default, but causes problems
+  with newer versions of docbook-xsl.  In addition, there are a few more
+  knobs you can tweak to work around issues with various versions of the
+  docbook-xsl package.  See comments in Documentation/Makefile for details.
+
+* Support for building and testing a subset of git on a system without a
+  working perl has been improved.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.6.2
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.2.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
+v1.6.2.X series.
+
+* "git-apply" rejected a patch that swaps two files (i.e. renames A to B
+  and B to A at the same time).  May need to be backported by cherry
+  picking d8c81df and then 7fac0ee).
+
+* The initial checkout did not read the attributes from the .gitattribute
+  file that is being checked out.
+
+* git-gc spent excessive amount of time to decide if an object appears
+  in a locally existing pack (if needed, backport by merging 69e020a).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e439e45b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+GIT v1.6.4.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.4
+------------------
+
+ * An unquoted value in the configuration file, when it contains more than
+   one whitespaces in a row, got them replaced with a single space.
+
+ * "git am" used to accept a single piece of e-mail per file (not a mbox)
+   as its input, but multiple input format support in v1.6.4 broke it.
+   Apparently many people have been depending on this feature.
+
+ * The short help text for "git filter-branch" command was a single long
+   line, wrapped by terminals, and was hard to read.
+
+ * The "recursive" strategy of "git merge" segfaulted when a merge has
+   more than one merge-bases, and merging of these merge-bases involves
+   a rename/rename or a rename/add conflict.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" did not use the right fork point when the
+   repository has already fetched from the upstream that rewinds the
+   branch it is based on in an earlier fetch.
+
+ * Explain the concept of fast-forward more fully in "git push"
+   documentation, and hint to refer to it from an error message when the
+   command refuses an update to protect the user.
+
+ * The default value for pack.deltacachesize, used by "git repack", is now
+   256M, instead of unbounded.  Otherwise a repack of a moderately sized
+   repository would needlessly eat into swap.
+
+ * Document how "git repack" (hence "git gc") interacts with a repository
+   that borrows its objects from other repositories (e.g. ones created by
+   "git clone -s").
+
+ * "git show" on an annotated tag lacked a delimiting blank line between
+   the tag itself and the contents of the object it tags.
+
+ * "git verify-pack -v" erroneously reported number of objects with too
+   deep delta depths as "chain length 0" objects.
+
+ * Long names of authors and committers outside US-ASCII were sometimes
+   incorrectly shown in "gitweb".
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c11ec0115
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+GIT v1.6.4.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.4.1
+--------------------
+
+* --date=relative output between 1 and 5 years ago rounded the number of
+    years when saying X years Y months ago, instead of rounding it down.
+
+* "git add -p" did not handle changes in executable bits correctly
+  (a regression around 1.6.3).
+
+* "git apply" did not honor GNU diff's convention to mark the creation/deletion
+  event with UNIX epoch timestamp on missing side.
+
+* "git checkout" incorrectly removed files in a directory pointed by a
+  symbolic link during a branch switch that replaces a directory with
+  a symbolic link.
+
+* "git clean -d -f" happily descended into a subdirectory that is managed by a
+  separate git repository.  It now requires two -f options for safety.
+
+* "git fetch/push" over http transports had two rather grave bugs.
+
+* "git format-patch --cover-letter" did not prepare the cover letter file
+  for use with non-ASCII strings when there are the series contributors with
+  non-ASCII names.
+
+* "git pull origin branch" and "git fetch origin && git merge origin/branch"
+  left different merge messages in the resulting commit.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4f29babde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+GIT v1.6.4.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.4.2
+--------------------
+
+* "git clone" from an empty repository gave unnecessary error message,
+  even though it did everything else correctly.
+
+* "git cvsserver" invoked git commands via "git-foo" style, which has long
+  been deprecated.
+
+* "git fetch" and "git clone" had an extra sanity check to verify the
+  presense of the corresponding *.pack file before downloading *.idx
+  file by issuing a HEAD request.  Github server however sometimes
+  gave 500 (Internal server error) response to HEAD even if a GET
+  request for *.pack file to the same URL would have succeeded, and broke
+  clone over HTTP from some of their repositories.  As a workaround, this
+  verification has been removed (as it is not absolutely necessary).
+
+* "git grep" did not like relative pathname to refer outside the current
+  directory when run from a subdirectory.
+
+* an error message from "git push" was formatted in a very ugly way.
+
+* "git svn" did not quote the subversion user name correctly when
+  running its author-prog helper program.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ead45fc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+GIT v1.6.4.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.4.4
+--------------------
+
+* The workaround for Github server that sometimes gave 500 (Internal server
+  error) response to HEAD requests in 1.6.4.3 introduced a regression that
+  caused re-fetching projects over http to segfault in certain cases due
+  to uninitialized pointer being freed.
+
+* "git pull" on an unborn branch used to consider anything in the work
+  tree and the index discardable.
+
+* "git diff -b/w" did not work well on the incomplete line at the end of
+  the file, due to an incorrect hashing of lines in the low-level xdiff
+  routines.
+
+* "git checkout-index --prefix=$somewhere" used to work when $somewhere is
+  a symbolic link to a directory elsewhere, but v1.6.4.2 broke it.
+
+* "git unpack-objects --strict", invoked when receive.fsckobjects
+  configuration is set in the receiving repository of "git push", did not
+  properly check the objects, especially the submodule links, it received.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7a904419f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+GIT v1.6.4 Release Notes
+========================
+
+With the next major release, "git push" into a branch that is
+currently checked out will be refused by default.  You can choose
+what should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration
+variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving repository.
+
+To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
+push running this release will issue a big warning when the
+configuration variable is missing.  Please refer to:
+
+  http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+  http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+transition plan.
+
+For a similar reason, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch
+$killed in a remote repository $there, if $killed branch is the current
+branch pointed at by its HEAD, gets a large warning.  You can choose what
+should happen upon such a push by setting the configuration variable
+receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving repository.
+
+
+Updates since v1.6.3
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+ * gitweb Perl style clean-up.
+
+ * git-svn updates, including a new --authors-prog option to map author
+   names by invoking an external program, 'git svn reset' to unwind
+   'git svn fetch', support for more than one branches, documenting
+   of the useful --minimize-url feature, new "git svn gc" command, etc.
+
+(portability)
+
+ * We feed iconv with "UTF-8" instead of "utf8"; the former is
+   understood more widely.  Similarly updated test scripts to use
+   encoding names more widely understood (e.g. use "ISO8859-1" instead
+   of "ISO-8859-1").
+
+ * Various portability fixes/workarounds for different vintages of
+   SunOS, IRIX, and Windows.
+
+ * Git-over-ssh transport on Windows supports PuTTY plink and TortoisePlink.
+
+(performance)
+
+ * Many repeated use of lstat() are optimized out in "checkout" codepath.
+
+ * git-status (and underlying git-diff-index --cached) are optimized
+   to take advantage of cache-tree information in the index.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+ * "git add --edit" lets users edit the whole patch text to fine-tune what
+   is added to the index.
+
+ * "git am" accepts StGIT series file as its input.
+
+ * "git bisect skip" skips to a more randomly chosen place in the hope
+   to avoid testing a commit that is too close to a commit that is
+   already known to be untestable.
+
+ * "git cvsexportcommit" learned -k option to stop CVS keywords expansion
+
+ * "git fast-export" learned to handle history simplification more
+   gracefully.
+
+ * "git fast-export" learned an option --tag-of-filtered-object to handle
+   dangling tags resulting from history simplification more usefully.
+
+ * "git grep" learned -p option to show the location of the match using the
+   same context hunk marker "git diff" uses.
+
+ * https transport can optionally be told that the used client
+   certificate is password protected, in which case it asks the
+   password only once.
+
+ * "git imap-send" is IPv6 aware.
+
+ * "git log --graph" draws graphs more compactly by using horizontal lines
+   when able.
+
+ * "git log --decorate" shows shorter refnames by stripping well-known
+   refs/* prefix.
+
+ * "git push $name" honors remote.$name.pushurl if present before
+   using remote.$name.url.  In other words, the URL used for fetching
+   and pushing can be different.
+
+ * "git send-email" understands quoted aliases in .mailrc files (might
+   have to be backported to 1.6.3.X).
+
+ * "git send-email" can fetch the sender address from the configuration
+   variable "sendmail.from" (and "sendmail.<identity>.from").
+
+ * "git show-branch" can color its output.
+
+ * "add" and "update" subcommands to "git submodule" learned --reference
+   option to use local clone with references.
+
+ * "git submodule update" learned --rebase option to update checked
+   out submodules by rebasing the local changes.
+
+ * "gitweb" can optionally use gravatar to adorn author/committer names.
+
+(developers)
+
+ * A major part of the "git bisect" wrapper has moved to C.
+
+ * Formatting with the new version of AsciiDoc 8.4.1 is now supported.
+
+Fixes since v1.6.3
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.3.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
+
+Here are fixes that this release has, but have not been backported to
+v1.6.3.X series.
+
+ * "git diff-tree -r -t" used to omit new or removed directories from
+   the output.  df533f3 (diff-tree -r -t: include added/removed
+   directories in the output, 2009-06-13) may need to be cherry-picked
+   to backport this fix.
+
+ * The way Git.pm sets up a Repository object was not friendly to callers
+   that chdir around.  It now internally records the repository location
+   as an absolute path when autodetected.
+
+ * Removing a section with "git config --remove-section", when its
+   section header has a variable definition on the same line, lost
+   that variable definition.
+
+ * "git rebase -p --onto" used to always leave side branches of a merge
+   intact, even when both branches are subject to rewriting.
+
+ * "git repack" used to faithfully follow grafts and considered true
+   parents recorded in the commit object unreachable from the commit.
+   After such a repacking, you cannot remove grafts without corrupting
+   the repository.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not detect erroneous loops in alias expansion.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..309ba181b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+GIT v1.6.5.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5
+------------------
+
+ * An corrupt pack could make codepath to read objects into an
+   infinite loop.
+
+ * Download throughput display was always shown in KiB/s but on fast links
+   it is more appropriate to show it in MiB/s.
+
+ * "git grep -f filename" used uninitialized variable and segfaulted.
+
+ * "git clone -b branch" gave a wrong commit object name to post-checkout
+   hook.
+
+ * "git pull" over http did not work on msys.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aa7ccce3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+GIT v1.6.5.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.1
+--------------------
+
+ * Installation of templates triggered a bug in busybox when using tar
+   implementation from it.
+
+ * "git add -i" incorrectly ignored paths that are already in the index
+   if they matched .gitignore patterns.
+
+ * "git describe --always" should have produced some output even there
+   were no tags in the repository, but it didn't.
+
+ * "git ls-files" when showing tracked files incorrectly paid attention
+   to the exclude patterns.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b2fad1b22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+Git v1.6.5.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.2
+--------------------
+
+ * info/grafts file didn't ignore trailing CR at the end of lines.
+
+ * Packages generated on newer FC were unreadable by older versions of
+   RPM as the new default is to use stronger hash.
+
+ * output from "git blame" was unreadable when the file ended in an
+   incomplete line.
+
+ * "git add -i/-p" didn't handle deletion of empty files correctly.
+
+ * "git clone" takes up to two parameters, but did not complain when
+   given more arguments than necessary and silently ignored them.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" did not read files given as command line arguments
+   correctly when it is run from a subdirectory.
+
+ * "git diff --color-words -U0" didn't work correctly.
+
+ * The handling of blank lines at the end of file by "git diff/apply
+   --whitespace" was inconsistent with the other kinds of errors.
+   They are now colored, warned against, and fixed the same way as others.
+
+ * There was no way to allow blank lines at the end of file without
+   allowing extra blanks at the end of lines.  You can use blank-at-eof
+   and blank-at-eol whitespace error class to specify them separately.
+   The old trailing-space error class is now a short-hand to set both.
+
+ * "-p" option to "git format-patch" was supposed to suppress diffstat
+   generation, but it was broken since 1.6.1.
+
+ * "git imap-send" did not compile cleanly with newer OpenSSL.
+
+ * "git help -a" outside of a git repository was broken.
+
+ * "git ls-files -i" was supposed to be inverse of "git ls-files" without -i
+   with respect to exclude patterns, but it was broken since 1.6.5.2.
+
+ * "git ls-remote" outside of a git repository over http was broken.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" gave bogus error message when the command word was
+   misspelled.
+
+ * "git receive-pack" that is run in response to "git push" did not run
+   garbage collection nor update-server-info, but in larger hosting sites,
+   these almost always need to be run.  To help site administrators, the
+   command now runs "gc --auto" and "u-s-i" by setting receive.autogc
+   and receive.updateserverinfo configuration variables, respectively.
+
+ * Release notes spelled the package name with incorrect capitalization.
+
+ * "gitweb" did not escape non-ascii characters correctly in the URL.
+
+ * "gitweb" showed "patch" link even for merge commits.
+
+ * "gitweb" showed incorrect links for blob line numbers in pathinfo mode.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e42f8b239
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+Git v1.6.5.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.3
+--------------------
+
+ * "git help" (without argument) used to check if you are in a directory
+   under git control. There was no breakage in behaviour per-se, but this
+   was unnecessary.
+
+ * "git prune-packed" gave progress output even when its standard error is
+   not connected to a terminal; this caused cron jobs that run it to
+   produce crufts.
+
+ * "git pack-objects --all-progress" is an option to ask progress output
+   from write-object phase _if_ progress output were to be produced, and
+   shouldn't have forced the progress output.
+
+ * "git apply -p<n> --directory=<elsewhere>" did not work well for a
+   non-default value of n.
+
+ * "git merge foo HEAD" was misparsed as an old-style invocation of the
+   command and produced a confusing error message.  As it does not specify
+   any other branch to merge, it shouldn't be mistaken as such.  We will
+   remove the old style "git merge <message> HEAD <commit>..."  syntax in
+   future versions, but not in this release,
+
+ * "git merge -m <message> <branch>..." added the standard merge message
+   on its own after user-supplied message, which should have overrided the
+   standard one.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ecfc57d87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+Git v1.6.5.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.4
+--------------------
+
+ * Manual pages can be formatted with older xmlto again.
+
+ * GREP_OPTIONS exported from user's environment could have broken
+   our scripted commands.
+
+ * In configuration files, a few variables that name paths can begin with
+   ~/ and ~username/ and they are expanded as expected.  This is not a
+   bugfix but 1.6.6 will have this and without backporting users cannot
+   easily use the same ~/.gitconfig across versions.
+
+ * "git diff -B -M" did the same computation to hash lines of contents
+   twice, and held onto memory after it has used the data in it
+   unnecessarily before it freed.
+
+ * "git diff -B" and "git diff --dirstat" was not counting newly added
+   contents correctly.
+
+ * "git format-patch revisions... -- path" issued an incorrect error
+   message that suggested to use "--" on the command line when path
+   does not exist in the current work tree (it is a separate matter if
+   it makes sense to limit format-patch with pathspecs like that
+   without using the --full-diff option).
+
+ * "git grep -F -i StRiNg" did not work as expected.
+
+ * Enumeration of available merge strategies iterated over the list of
+   commands in a wrong way, sometimes producing an incorrect result.
+
+ * "git shortlog" did not honor the "encoding" header embedded in the
+   commit object like "git log" did.
+
+ * Reading progress messages that come from the remote side while running
+   "git pull" is given precedence over reading the actual pack data to
+   prevent garbled progress message on the user's terminal.
+
+ * "git rebase" got confused when the log message began with certain
+   strings that looked like Subject:, Date: or From: header.
+
+ * "git reset" accidentally run in .git/ directory checked out the
+   work tree contents in there.
+
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a9eaf76f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Git v1.6.5.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.5
+--------------------
+
+ * "git add -p" had a regression since v1.6.5.3 that broke deletion of
+   non-empty files.
+
+ * "git archive -o o.zip -- Makefile" produced an archive in o.zip
+   but in POSIX tar format.
+
+ * Error message given to "git pull --rebase" when the user didn't give
+   enough clue as to what branch to integrate with still talked about
+   "merging with" the branch.
+
+ * Error messages given by "git merge" when the merge resulted in a
+   fast-forward still were in plumbing lingo, even though in v1.6.5
+   we reworded messages in other cases.
+
+ * The post-upload-hook run by upload-pack in response to "git fetch" has
+   been removed, due to security concerns (the hook first appeared in
+   1.6.5).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5b49ea53b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Git v1.6.5.7 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.6
+--------------------
+
+* If a user specifies a color for a <slot> (i.e. a class of things to show
+  in a particular color) that is known only by newer versions of git
+  (e.g. "color.diff.func" was recently added for upcoming 1.6.6 release),
+  an older version of git should just ignore them.  Instead we diagnosed
+  it as an error.
+
+* With help.autocorrect set to non-zero value, the logic to guess typoes
+  in the subcommand name misfired and ran a random nonsense command.
+
+* If a command is run with an absolute path as a pathspec inside a bare
+  repository, e.g. "rev-list HEAD -- /home", the code tried to run
+  strlen() on NULL, which is the result of get_git_work_tree(), and
+  segfaulted.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.8.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8b24bebb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Git v1.6.5.8 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5.7
+--------------------
+
+* "git count-objects" did not handle packfiles that are bigger than 4G on
+  platforms with 32-bit off_t.
+
+* "git rebase -i" did not abort cleanly if it failed to launch the editor.
+
+* "git blame" did not work well when commit lacked the author name.
+
+* "git fast-import" choked when handling a tag that points at an object
+  that is not a commit.
+
+* "git reset --hard" did not work correctly when GIT_WORK_TREE environment
+  variable is used to point at the root of the true work tree.
+
+* "git grep" fed a buffer that is not NUL-terminated to underlying
+  regexec().
+
+* "git checkout -m other" while on a branch that does not have any commit
+  segfaulted, instead of failing.
+
+* "git branch -a other" should have diagnosed the command as an error.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are also included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ee141c19a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+GIT v1.6.5 Release Notes
+========================
+
+In git 1.7.0, which was planned to be the release after 1.6.5, "git
+push" into a branch that is currently checked out will be refused by
+default.
+
+You can choose what should happen upon such a push by setting the
+configuration variable receive.denyCurrentBranch in the receiving
+repository.
+
+Also, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch $killed in a remote
+repository $there, when $killed branch is the current branch pointed at by
+its HEAD, will be refused by default.
+
+You can choose what should happen upon such a push by setting the
+configuration variable receive.denyDeleteCurrent in the receiving
+repository.
+
+To ease the transition plan, the receiving repository of such a
+push running this release will issue a big warning when the
+configuration variable is missing.  Please refer to:
+
+  http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+  http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+transition plan.
+
+Updates since v1.6.4
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+ * various updates to gitk, git-svn and gitweb.
+
+(portability)
+
+ * more improvements on mingw port.
+
+ * mingw will also give FRSX as the default value for the LESS
+   environment variable when the user does not have one.
+
+ * initial support to compile git on Windows with MSVC.
+
+(performance)
+
+ * On major platforms, the system can be compiled to use with Linus's
+   block-sha1 implementation of the SHA-1 hash algorithm, which
+   outperforms the default fallback implementation we borrowed from
+   Mozilla.
+
+ * Unnecessary inefficiency in deepening of a shallow repository has
+   been removed.
+
+ * "git clone" does not grab objects that it does not need (i.e.
+   referenced only from refs outside refs/heads and refs/tags
+   hierarchy) anymore.
+
+ * The "git" main binary used to link with libcurl, which then dragged
+   in a large number of external libraries.  When using basic plumbing
+   commands in scripts, this unnecessarily slowed things down.  We now
+   implement http/https/ftp transfer as a separate executable as we
+   used to.
+
+ * "git clone" run locally hardlinks or copies the files in .git/ to
+   newly created repository.  It used to give new mtime to copied files,
+   but this delayed garbage collection to trigger unnecessarily in the
+   cloned repository.  We now preserve mtime for these files to avoid
+   this issue.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+ * Human writable date format to various options, e.g. --since=yesterday,
+   master@{2000.09.17}, are taught to infer some omitted input properly.
+
+ * A few programs gave verbose "advice" messages to help uninitiated
+   people when issuing error messages.  An infrastructure to allow
+   users to squelch them has been introduced, and a few such messages
+   can be silenced now.
+
+ * refs/replace/ hierarchy is designed to be usable as a replacement
+   of the "grafts" mechanism, with the added advantage that it can be
+   transferred across repositories.
+
+ * "git am" learned to optionally ignore whitespace differences.
+
+ * "git am" handles input e-mail files that has CRLF line endings sensibly.
+
+ * "git am" learned "--scissors" option to allow you to discard early part
+   of an incoming e-mail.
+
+ * "git archive -o output.zip" works without being told what format to
+   use with an explicit "--format=zip".option.
+
+ * "git checkout", "git reset" and "git stash" learned to pick and
+   choose to use selected changes you made, similar to "git add -p".
+
+ * "git clone" learned a "-b" option to pick a HEAD to check out
+   different from the remote's default branch.
+
+ * "git clone" learned --recursive option.
+
+ * "git clone" from a local repository on a different filesystem used to
+   copy individual object files without preserving the old timestamp, giving
+   them extra lifetime in the new repository until they gc'ed.
+
+ * "git commit --dry-run $args" is a new recommended way to ask "what would
+   happen if I try to commit with these arguments."
+
+ * "git commit --dry-run" and "git status" shows conflicted paths in a
+   separate section to make them easier to spot during a merge.
+
+ * "git cvsimport" now supports password-protected pserver access even
+   when the password is not taken from ~/.cvspass file.
+
+ * "git fast-export" learned --no-data option that can be useful when
+   reordering commits and trees without touching the contents of
+   blobs.
+
+ * "git fast-import" has a pair of new front-end in contrib/ area.
+
+ * "git init" learned to mkdir/chdir into a directory when given an
+   extra argument (i.e. "git init this").
+
+ * "git instaweb" optionally can use mongoose as the web server.
+
+ * "git log --decorate" can optionally be told with --decorate=full to
+   give the reference name in full.
+
+ * "git merge" issued an unnecessarily scary message when it detected
+   that the merge may have to touch the path that the user has local
+   uncommitted changes to. The message has been reworded to make it
+   clear that the command aborted, without doing any harm.
+
+ * "git push" can be told to be --quiet.
+
+ * "git push" pays attention to url.$base.pushInsteadOf and uses a URL
+   that is derived from the URL used for fetching.
+
+ * informational output from "git reset" that lists the locally modified
+   paths is made consistent with that of "git checkout $another_branch".
+
+ * "git submodule" learned to give submodule name to scripts run with
+   "foreach" subcommand.
+
+ * various subcommands to "git submodule" learned --recursive option.
+
+ * "git submodule summary" learned --files option to compare the work
+   tree vs the commit bound at submodule path, instead of comparing
+   the index.
+
+ * "git upload-pack", which is the server side support for "git clone" and
+   "git fetch", can call a new post-upload-pack hook for statistics purposes.
+
+(developers)
+
+ * With GIT_TEST_OPTS="--root=/p/a/t/h", tests can be run outside the
+   source directory; using tmpfs may give faster turnaround.
+
+ * With NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER set, DESTDIR= is now honoured, so you can
+   build for one location, and install into another location to tar it
+   up.
+
+Fixes since v1.6.4
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.4.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.6.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.6.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1d0a4ae2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.6.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+Git v1.6.6.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.6.6
+------------------
+
+ * "git blame" did not work well when commit lacked the author name.
+
+ * "git branch -a name" wasn't diagnosed as an error.
+
+ * "git count-objects" did not handle packfiles that are bigger than 4G on
+   platforms with 32-bit off_t.
+
+ * "git checkout -m other" while on a branch that does not have any commit
+   segfaulted, instead of failing.
+
+ * "git fast-import" choked when fed a tag that do not point at a
+   commit.
+
+ * "git grep" finding from work tree files could have fed garbage to
+   the underlying regexec(3).
+
+ * "git grep -L" didn't show empty files (they should never match, and
+   they should always appear in -L output as unmatching).
+
+ * "git rebase -i" did not abort cleanly if it failed to launch the editor.
+
+ * "git reset --hard" did not work correctly when GIT_WORK_TREE environment
+   variable is used to point at the root of the true work tree.
+
+ * http-backend was not listed in the command list in the documentation.
+
+ * Building on FreeBSD (both 7 and 8) needs OLD_ICONV set in the Makefile
+
+ * "git checkout -m some-branch" while on an unborn branch crashed.
+
+Other minor documentation updates are included.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..04e205c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+Git v1.6.6 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Notes on behaviour change
+-------------------------
+
+ * In this release, "git fsck" defaults to "git fsck --full" and
+   checks packfiles, and because of this it will take much longer to
+   complete than before.  If you prefer a quicker check only on loose
+   objects (the old default), you can say "git fsck --no-full".  This
+   has been supported by 1.5.4 and newer versions of git, so it is
+   safe to write it in your script even if you use slightly older git
+   on some of your machines.
+
+Preparing yourselves for compatibility issues in 1.7.0
+------------------------------------------------------
+
+In git 1.7.0, which is planned to be the release after 1.6.6, there will
+be a handful of behaviour changes that will break backward compatibility.
+
+These changes were discussed long time ago and existing behaviours have
+been identified as more problematic to the userbase than keeping them for
+the sake of backward compatibility.
+
+When necessary, a transition strategy for existing users has been designed
+not to force them running around setting configuration variables and
+updating their scripts in order to either keep the traditional behaviour
+or adjust to the new behaviour, on the day their sysadmin decides to install
+the new version of git.  When we switched from "git-foo" to "git foo" in
+1.6.0, even though the change had been advertised and the transition
+guide had been provided for a very long time, the users procrastinated
+during the entire transtion period, and ended up panicking on the day
+their sysadmins updated their git installation.  We are trying to avoid
+repeating that unpleasantness in the 1.7.0 release.
+
+For changes decided to be in 1.7.0, commands that will be affected
+have been much louder to strongly discourage such procrastination, and
+they continue to be in this release.  If you have been using recent
+versions of git, you would have seen warnings issued when you used
+features whose behaviour will change, with a clear instruction on how
+to keep the existing behaviour if you want to.  You hopefully are
+already well prepared.
+
+Of course, we have also been giving "this and that will change in
+1.7.0; prepare yourselves" warnings in the release notes and
+announcement messages for the past few releases.  Let's see how well
+users will fare this time.
+
+ * "git push" into a branch that is currently checked out (i.e. pointed by
+   HEAD in a repository that is not bare) will be refused by default.
+
+   Similarly, "git push $there :$killed" to delete the branch $killed
+   in a remote repository $there, when $killed branch is the current
+   branch pointed at by its HEAD, will be refused by default.
+
+   Setting the configuration variables receive.denyCurrentBranch and
+   receive.denyDeleteCurrent to 'ignore' in the receiving repository
+   can be used to override these safety features.  Versions of git
+   since 1.6.2 have issued a loud warning when you tried to do these
+   operations without setting the configuration, so repositories of
+   people who still need to be able to perform such a push should
+   already have been future proofed.
+
+   Please refer to:
+
+   http://git.or.cz/gitwiki/GitFaq#non-bare
+   http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/107758/focus=108007
+
+   for more details on the reason why this change is needed and the
+   transition process that already took place so far.
+
+ * "git send-email" will not make deep threads by default when sending a
+   patch series with more than two messages.  All messages will be sent
+   as a reply to the first message, i.e. cover letter.  Git 1.6.6 (this
+   release) will issue a warning about the upcoming default change, when
+   it uses the traditional "deep threading" behaviour as the built-in
+   default.  To squelch the warning but still use the "deep threading"
+   behaviour, give --chain-reply-to option or set sendemail.chainreplyto
+   to true.
+
+   It has been possible to configure send-email to send "shallow thread"
+   by setting sendemail.chainreplyto configuration variable to false.
+   The only thing 1.7.0 release will do is to change the default when
+   you haven't configured that variable.
+
+ * "git status" will not be "git commit --dry-run".  This change does not
+   affect you if you run the command without pathspec.
+
+   Nobody sane found the current behaviour of "git status Makefile" useful
+   nor meaningful, and it confused users.  "git commit --dry-run" has been
+   provided as a way to get the current behaviour of this command since
+   1.6.5.
+
+ * "git diff" traditionally treated various "ignore whitespace" options
+   only as a way to filter the patch output.  "git diff --exit-code -b"
+   exited with non-zero status even if all changes were about changing the
+   ammount of whitespace and nothing else.  and "git diff -b" showed the
+   "diff --git" header line for such a change without patch text.
+
+   In 1.7.0, the "ignore whitespaces" will affect the semantics of the
+   diff operation itself.  A change that does not affect anything but
+   whitespaces will be reported with zero exit status when run with
+   --exit-code, and there will not be "diff --git" header for such a
+   change.
+
+
+Updates since v1.6.5
+--------------------
+
+(subsystems)
+
+ * various gitk updates including use of themed widgets under Tk 8.5,
+   Japanese translation, a fix to a bug when running "gui blame" from
+   a subdirectory, etc.
+
+ * various git-gui updates including new translations, wm states fixes,
+   Tk bug workaround after quitting, improved heuristics to trigger gc,
+   etc.
+
+ * various git-svn updates.
+
+ * "git fetch" over http learned a new mode that is different from the
+   traditional "dumb commit walker".
+
+(portability)
+
+ * imap-send can be built on mingw port.
+
+(performance)
+
+ * "git diff -B" has smaller memory footprint.
+
+(usability, bells and whistles)
+
+ * The object replace mechanism can be bypassed with --no-replace-objects
+   global option given to the "git" program.
+
+ * In configuration files, a few variables that name paths can begin with ~/
+   and ~username/ and they are expanded as expected.
+
+ * "git subcmd -h" now shows short usage help for many more subcommands.
+
+ * "git bisect reset" can reset to an arbitrary commit.
+
+ * "git checkout frotz" when there is no local branch "frotz" but there
+   is only one remote tracking branch "frotz" is taken as a request to
+   start the named branch at the corresponding remote tracking branch.
+
+ * "git commit -c/-C/--amend" can be told with a new "--reset-author" option
+   to ignore authorship information in the commit it is taking the message
+   from.
+
+ * "git describe" can be told to add "-dirty" suffix with "--dirty" option.
+
+ * "git diff" learned --submodule option to show a list of one-line logs
+   instead of differences between the commit object names.
+
+ * "git diff" learned to honor diff.color.func configuration to paint
+   function name hint printed on the hunk header "@@ -j,k +l,m @@" line
+   in the specified color.
+
+ * "git fetch" learned --all and --multiple options, to run fetch from
+   many repositories, and --prune option to remove remote tracking
+   branches that went stale.  These make "git remote update" and "git
+   remote prune" less necessary (there is no plan to remove "remote
+   update" nor "remote prune", though).
+
+ * "git fsck" by default checks the packfiles (i.e. "--full" is the
+   default); you can turn it off with "git fsck --no-full".
+
+ * "git grep" can use -F (fixed strings) and -i (ignore case) together.
+
+ * import-tars contributed fast-import frontend learned more types of
+   compressed tarballs.
+
+ * "git instaweb" knows how to talk with mod_cgid to apache2.
+
+ * "git log --decorate" shows the location of HEAD as well.
+
+ * "git log" and "git rev-list" learned to take revs and pathspecs from
+   the standard input with the new "--stdin" option.
+
+ * "--pretty=format" option to "log" family of commands learned:
+
+   . to wrap text with the "%w()" specifier.
+   . to show reflog information with "%g[sdD]" specifier.
+
+ * "git notes" command to annotate existing commits.
+
+ * "git merge" (and "git pull") learned --ff-only option to make it fail
+   if the merge does not result in a fast-forward.
+
+ * "git mergetool" learned to use p4merge.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" learned "reword" that acts like "edit" but immediately
+   starts an editor to tweak the log message without returning control to
+   the shell, which is done by "edit" to give an opportunity to tweak the
+   contents.
+
+ * "git send-email" can be told with "--envelope-sender=auto" to use the
+   same address as "From:" address as the envelope sender address.
+
+ * "git send-email" will issue a warning when it defaults to the
+   --chain-reply-to behaviour without being told by the user and
+   instructs to prepare for the change of the default in 1.7.0 release.
+
+ * In "git submodule add <repository> <path>", <path> is now optional and
+   inferred from <repository> the same way "git clone <repository>" does.
+
+ * "git svn" learned to read SVN 1.5+ and SVK merge tickets.
+
+ * "git svn" learned to recreate empty directories tracked only by SVN.
+
+ * "gitweb" can optionally render its "blame" output incrementally (this
+   requires JavaScript on the client side).
+
+ * Author names shown in gitweb output are links to search commits by the
+   author.
+
+Fixes since v1.6.5
+------------------
+
+All of the fixes in v1.6.5.X maintenance series are included in this
+release, unless otherwise noted.
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index f0295c60f..c686f8646 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -6,9 +6,13 @@ Checklist (and a short version for the impatient):
 	- check for unnecessary whitespace with "git diff --check"
 	  before committing
 	- do not check in commented out code or unneeded files
-	- provide a meaningful commit message
 	- the first line of the commit message should be a short
 	  description and should skip the full stop
+	- the body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
+		- uses the imperative, present tense: "change",
+		  not "changed" or "changes".
+		- includes motivation for the change, and contrasts
+		  its implementation with previous behaviour
 	- if you want your work included in git.git, add a
 	  "Signed-off-by: Your Name <you@example.com>" line to the
 	  commit message (or just use the option "-s" when
@@ -62,6 +66,14 @@ Describe the technical detail of the change(s).
 
 If your description starts to get too long, that's a sign that you
 probably need to split up your commit to finer grained pieces.
+That being said, patches which plainly describe the things that
+help reviewers check the patch, and future maintainers understand
+the code, are the most beautiful patches.  Descriptions that summarise
+the point in the subject well, and describe the motivation for the
+change, the approach taken by the change, and if relevant how this
+differs substantially from the prior version, can be found on Usenet
+archives back into the late 80's.  Consider it like good Netiquette,
+but for code.
 
 Oh, another thing.  I am picky about whitespaces.  Make sure your
 changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
@@ -222,6 +234,9 @@ D-C-O.  Indeed you are encouraged to do so.  Do not forget to
 place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
 the change to its true author (see (2) above).
 
+Also notice that a real name is used in the Signed-off-by: line. Please
+don't hide your real name.
+
 Some people also put extra tags at the end.
 
 "Acked-by:" says that the patch was reviewed by the person who
@@ -265,6 +280,20 @@ people play with it without having to pick up and apply the patch to
 their trees themselves.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
+Know the status of your patch after submission
+
+* You can use Git itself to find out when your patch is merged in
+  master. 'git pull --rebase' will automatically skip already-applied
+  patches, and will let you know. This works only if you rebase on top
+  of the branch in which your patch has been merged (i.e. it will not
+  tell you if your patch is merged in pu if you rebase on top of
+  master).
+
+* Read the git mailing list, the maintainer regularly posts messages
+  entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving
+  the status of various proposed changes.
+
+------------------------------------------------
 MUA specific hints
 
 Some of patches I receive or pick up from the list share common
@@ -373,9 +402,36 @@ Thunderbird
 
 (A Large Angry SCM)
 
+By default, Thunderbird will both wrap emails as well as flag them as
+being 'format=flowed', both of which will make the resulting email unusable
+by git.
+
 Here are some hints on how to successfully submit patches inline using
 Thunderbird.
 
+There are two different approaches.  One approach is to configure
+Thunderbird to not mangle patches.  The second approach is to use
+an external editor to keep Thunderbird from mangling the patches.
+
+Approach #1 (configuration):
+
+This recipe is current as of Thunderbird 2.0.0.19.  Three steps:
+  1.  Configure your mail server composition as plain text
+      Edit...Account Settings...Composition & Addressing,
+        uncheck 'Compose Messages in HTML'.
+  2.  Configure your general composition window to not wrap
+      Edit..Preferences..Composition, wrap plain text messages at 0
+  3.  Disable the use of format=flowed
+      Edit..Preferences..Advanced..Config Editor.  Search for:
+        mailnews.send_plaintext_flowed
+      toggle it to make sure it is set to 'false'.
+
+After that is done, you should be able to compose email as you
+otherwise would (cut + paste, git-format-patch | git-imap-send, etc),
+and the patches should not be mangled.
+
+Approach #2 (external editor):
+
 This recipe appears to work with the current [*1*] Thunderbird from Suse.
 
 The following Thunderbird extensions are needed:
@@ -461,6 +517,12 @@ message, complete the addressing and subject fields, and press send.
 Gmail
 -----
 
+GMail does not appear to have any way to turn off line wrapping in the web
+interface, so this will mangle any emails that you send.  You can however
+use any IMAP email client to connect to the google imap server, and forward
+the emails through that.  Just make sure to disable line wrapping in that
+email client.  Alternatively, use "git send-email" instead.
+
 Submitting properly formatted patches via Gmail is simple now that
 IMAP support is available. First, edit your ~/.gitconfig to specify your
 account settings:
@@ -473,6 +535,9 @@ account settings:
 	port = 993
 	sslverify = false
 
+You might need to instead use: folder = "[Google Mail]/Drafts" if you get an error
+that the "Folder doesn't exist".
+
 Next, ensure that your Gmail settings are correct. In "Settings" the
 "Use Unicode (UTF-8) encoding for outgoing messages" should be checked.
 
@@ -483,3 +548,4 @@ command to send the patch emails to your Gmail Drafts folder.
 
 Go to your Gmail account, open the Drafts folder, find the patch email, fill
 in the To: and CC: fields and send away!
+
diff --git a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
index 2da867d2f..87a90f2c3 100644
--- a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
+++ b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 # Show GIT link as: <command>(<section>); if section is defined, else just show
 # the command.
 
+[macros]
+(?su)[\\]?(?P<name>linkgit):(?P<target>\S*?)\[(?P<attrlist>.*?)\]=
+
 [attributes]
 asterisk=&#42;
 plus=&#43;
@@ -14,6 +17,7 @@ caret=&#94;
 startsb=&#91;
 endsb=&#93;
 tilde=&#126;
+backtick=&#96;
 
 ifdef::backend-docbook[]
 [linkgit-inlinemacro]
@@ -24,7 +28,7 @@ ifdef::backend-docbook[]
 endif::backend-docbook[]
 
 ifdef::backend-docbook[]
-ifndef::docbook-xsl-172[]
+ifndef::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
 # "unbreak" docbook-xsl v1.68 for manpages. v1.69 works with or without this.
 # v1.72 breaks with this because it replaces dots not in roff requests.
 [listingblock]
@@ -39,16 +43,16 @@ ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
 endif::doctype-manpage[]
 </literallayout>
 {title#}</example>
-endif::docbook-xsl-172[]
+endif::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
 
-ifdef::docbook-xsl-172[]
+ifdef::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
 ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
 # The following two small workarounds insert a simple paragraph after screen
 [listingblock]
 <example><title>{title}</title>
-<screen>
+<literallayout>
 |
-</screen><simpara></simpara>
+</literallayout><simpara></simpara>
 {title#}</example>
 
 [verseblock]
@@ -56,10 +60,11 @@ ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
 {title%}<literallayout{id? id="{id}"}>
 {title#}<literallayout>
 |
-</literallayout><simpara></simpara>
+</literallayout>
 {title#}</para></formalpara>
+{title%}<simpara></simpara>
 endif::doctype-manpage[]
-endif::docbook-xsl-172[]
+endif::git-asciidoc-no-roff[]
 endif::backend-docbook[]
 
 ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
index 1ab1b96cf..4833cac4b 100644
--- a/Documentation/blame-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt
@@ -39,7 +39,14 @@ of lines before or after the line given by <start>.
 	Show raw timestamp (Default: off).
 
 -S <revs-file>::
-	Use revs from revs-file instead of calling linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
+	Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
+
+--reverse::
+	Walk history forward instead of backward. Instead of showing
+	the revision in which a line appeared, this shows the last
+	revision in which a line has existed. This requires a range of
+	revision like START..END where the path to blame exists in
+	START.
 
 -p::
 --porcelain::
@@ -63,11 +70,19 @@ of lines before or after the line given by <start>.
 	tree copy has the contents of the named file (specify
 	`-` to make the command read from the standard input).
 
+--date <format>::
+	The value is one of the following alternatives:
+	{relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}. If --date is not
+	provided, the value of the blame.date config variable is
+	used. If the blame.date config variable is also not set, the
+	iso format is used. For more information, See the discussion
+	of the --date option at linkgit:git-log[1].
+
 -M|<num>|::
 	Detect moving lines in the file as well.  When a commit
 	moves a block of lines in a file (e.g. the original file
 	has A and then B, and the commit changes it to B and
-	then A), traditional 'blame' algorithm typically blames
+	then A), the traditional 'blame' algorithm typically blames
 	the lines that were moved up (i.e. B) to the parent and
 	assigns blame to the lines that were moved down (i.e. A)
 	to the child commit.  With this option, both groups of lines
@@ -83,8 +98,10 @@ commit.
 	files that were modified in the same commit.  This is
 	useful when you reorganize your program and move code
 	around across files.  When this option is given twice,
-	the command looks for copies from all other files in the
-	parent for the commit that creates the file in addition.
+	the command additionally looks for copies from other
+	files in the commit that creates the file. When this
+	option is given three times, the command additionally
+	looks for copies from other files in any commit.
 +
 <num> is optional but it is the lower bound on the number of
 alphanumeric characters that git must detect as moving
diff --git a/Documentation/callouts.xsl b/Documentation/callouts.xsl
deleted file mode 100644
index 6a361a213..000000000
--- a/Documentation/callouts.xsl
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-<!-- callout.xsl: converts asciidoc callouts to man page format -->
-<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
-<xsl:template match="co">
-	<xsl:value-of select="concat('\fB(',substring-after(@id,'-'),')\fR')"/>
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="calloutlist">
-	<xsl:text>.sp&#10;</xsl:text>
-	<xsl:apply-templates/>
-	<xsl:text>&#10;</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="callout">
-	<xsl:value-of select="concat('\fB',substring-after(@arearefs,'-'),'. \fR')"/>
-	<xsl:apply-templates/>
-	<xsl:text>.br&#10;</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- sorry, this is not about callouts, but attempts to work around
- spurious .sp at the tail of the line docbook stylesheets seem to add -->
-<xsl:template match="simpara">
-  <xsl:variable name="content">
-    <xsl:apply-templates/>
-  </xsl:variable>
-  <xsl:value-of select="normalize-space($content)"/>
-  <xsl:if test="not(ancestor::authorblurb) and
-                not(ancestor::personblurb)">
-    <xsl:text>&#10;&#10;</xsl:text>
-  </xsl:if>
-</xsl:template>
-
-</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/cat-texi.perl b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
index dbc133cd3..828ec6255 100755
--- a/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
+++ b/Documentation/cat-texi.perl
@@ -18,8 +18,12 @@ close TMP;
 
 printf '\input texinfo
 @setfilename gitman.info
-@documentencoding us-ascii
-@node Top,,%s
+@documentencoding UTF-8
+@dircategory Development
+@direntry
+* Git Man Pages: (gitman).  Manual pages for Git revision control system
+@end direntry
+@node Top,,, (dir)
 @top Git Manual Pages
 @documentlanguage en
 @menu
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index b233fe535..f7728ec40 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ CONFIGURATION FILE
 ------------------
 
 The git configuration file contains a number of variables that affect
-the git command's behavior. `.git/config` file for each repository
-is used to store the information for that repository, and
-`$HOME/.gitconfig` is used to store per user information to give
-fallback values for `.git/config` file. The file `/etc/gitconfig`
-can be used to store system-wide defaults.
-
-They can be used by both the git plumbing
-and the porcelains. The variables are divided into sections, where
-in the fully qualified variable name the variable itself is the last
+the git command's behavior. The `.git/config` file in each repository
+is used to store the configuration for that repository, and
+`$HOME/.gitconfig` is used to store a per-user configuration as
+fallback values for the `.git/config` file. The file `/etc/gitconfig`
+can be used to store a system-wide default configuration.
+
+The configuration variables are used by both the git plumbing
+and the porcelains. The variables are divided into sections, wherein
+the fully qualified variable name of the variable itself is the last
 dot-separated segment and the section name is everything before the last
 dot. The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
 characters are allowed. Some variables may appear multiple times.
@@ -25,35 +25,36 @@ blank lines are ignored.
 The file consists of sections and variables.  A section begins with
 the name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next
 section begins.  Section names are not case sensitive.  Only alphanumeric
-characters, '`-`' and '`.`' are allowed in section names.  Each variable
-must belong to some section, which means that there must be section
-header before first setting of a variable.
+characters, `-` and `.` are allowed in section names.  Each variable
+must belong to some section, which means that there must be a section
+header before the first setting of a variable.
 
 Sections can be further divided into subsections.  To begin a subsection
 put its name in double quotes, separated by space from the section name,
-in the section header, like in example below:
+in the section header, like in the example below:
 
 --------
 	[section "subsection"]
 
 --------
 
-Subsection names can contain any characters except newline (doublequote
-'`"`' and backslash have to be escaped as '`\"`' and '`\\`',
-respectively) and are case sensitive.  Section header cannot span multiple
+Subsection names are case sensitive and can contain any characters except
+newline (doublequote `"` and backslash have to be escaped as `\"` and `\\`,
+respectively).  Section headers cannot span multiple
 lines.  Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection.
 You can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you
 don't need to.
 
-There is also (case insensitive) alternative `[section.subsection]` syntax.
-In this syntax subsection names follow the same restrictions as for section
-name.
+There is also a case insensitive alternative `[section.subsection]` syntax.
+In this syntax, subsection names follow the same restrictions as for section
+names.
 
-All the other lines are recognized as setting variables, in the form
+All the other lines (and the remainder of the line after the section
+header) are recognized as setting variables, in the form
 'name = value'.  If there is no equal sign on the line, the entire line
 is taken as 'name' and the variable is recognized as boolean "true".
 The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
-characters and '`-`' are allowed.  There can be more than one value
+characters and `-` are allowed.  There can be more than one value
 for a given variable; we say then that variable is multivalued.
 
 Leading and trailing whitespace in a variable value is discarded.
@@ -61,26 +62,26 @@ Internal whitespace within a variable value is retained verbatim.
 
 The values following the equals sign in variable assign are all either
 a string, an integer, or a boolean.  Boolean values may be given as yes/no,
-0/1 or true/false.  Case is not significant in boolean values, when
+0/1, true/false or on/off.  Case is not significant in boolean values, when
 converting value to the canonical form using '--bool' type specifier;
 'git-config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false".
 
 String values may be entirely or partially enclosed in double quotes.
-You need to enclose variable value in double quotes if you want to
-preserve leading or trailing whitespace, or if variable value contains
-beginning of comment characters (if it contains '#' or ';').
-Double quote '`"`' and backslash '`\`' characters in variable value must
-be escaped: use '`\"`' for '`"`' and '`\\`' for '`\`'.
-
-The following escape sequences (beside '`\"`' and '`\\`') are recognized:
-'`\n`' for newline character (NL), '`\t`' for horizontal tabulation (HT, TAB)
-and '`\b`' for backspace (BS).  No other char escape sequence, nor octal
+You need to enclose variable values in double quotes if you want to
+preserve leading or trailing whitespace, or if the variable value contains
+comment characters (i.e. it contains '#' or ';').
+Double quote `"` and backslash `\` characters in variable values must
+be escaped: use `\"` for `"` and `\\` for `\`.
+
+The following escape sequences (beside `\"` and `\\`) are recognized:
+`\n` for newline character (NL), `\t` for horizontal tabulation (HT, TAB)
+and `\b` for backspace (BS).  No other char escape sequence, nor octal
 char sequences are valid.
 
-Variable value ending in a '`\`' is continued on the next line in the
+Variable values ending in a `\` are continued on the next line in the
 customary UNIX fashion.
 
-Some variables may require special value format.
+Some variables may require a special value format.
 
 Example
 ~~~~~~~
@@ -112,10 +113,33 @@ For command-specific variables, you will find a more detailed description
 in the appropriate manual page. You will find a description of non-core
 porcelain configuration variables in the respective porcelain documentation.
 
+advice.*::
+	When set to 'true', display the given optional help message.
+	When set to 'false', do not display. The configuration variables
+	are:
++
+--
+	pushNonFastForward::
+		Advice shown when linkgit:git-push[1] refuses
+		non-fast-forward refs. Default: true.
+	statusHints::
+		Directions on how to stage/unstage/add shown in the
+		output of linkgit:git-status[1] and the template shown
+		when writing commit messages. Default: true.
+	commitBeforeMerge::
+		Advice shown when linkgit:git-merge[1] refuses to
+		merge to avoid overwritting local changes.
+		Default: true.
+--
+
 core.fileMode::
 	If false, the executable bit differences between the index and
 	the working copy are ignored; useful on broken filesystems like FAT.
-	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
+	See linkgit:git-update-index[1].
++
+The default is true, except linkgit:git-clone[1] or linkgit:git-init[1]
+will probe and set core.fileMode false if appropriate when the
+repository is created.
 
 core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks::
 	This option is only used by Cygwin implementation of Git. If false,
@@ -128,6 +152,18 @@ core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks::
 	is true, in which case ignoreCygwinFSTricks is ignored as Cygwin's
 	POSIX emulation is required to support core.filemode.
 
+core.ignorecase::
+	If true, this option enables various workarounds to enable
+	git to work better on filesystems that are not case sensitive,
+	like FAT. For example, if a directory listing finds
+	"makefile" when git expects "Makefile", git will assume
+	it is really the same file, and continue to remember it as
+	"Makefile".
++
+The default is false, except linkgit:git-clone[1] or linkgit:git-init[1]
+will probe and set core.ignorecase true if appropriate when the repository
+is created.
+
 core.trustctime::
 	If false, the ctime differences between the index and the
 	working copy are ignored; useful when the inode change time
@@ -153,9 +189,10 @@ core.autocrlf::
 	writing to the filesystem.  The variable can be set to
 	'input', in which case the conversion happens only while
 	reading from the filesystem but files are written out with
-	`LF` at the end of lines.  Currently, which paths to consider
-	"text" (i.e. be subjected to the autocrlf mechanism) is
-	decided purely based on the contents.
+	`LF` at the end of lines.  A file is considered
+	"text" (i.e. be subjected to the autocrlf mechanism) based on
+	the file's `crlf` attribute, or if `crlf` is unspecified,
+	based on the file's contents.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5].
 
 core.safecrlf::
 	If true, makes git check if converting `CRLF` as controlled by
@@ -207,7 +244,11 @@ core.symlinks::
 	contain the link text. linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
 	linkgit:git-add[1] will not change the recorded type to regular
 	file. Useful on filesystems like FAT that do not support
-	symbolic links. True by default.
+	symbolic links.
++
+The default is true, except linkgit:git-clone[1] or linkgit:git-init[1]
+will probe and set core.symlinks false if appropriate when the repository
+is created.
 
 core.gitProxy::
 	A "proxy command" to execute (as 'command host port') instead
@@ -221,6 +262,11 @@ core.gitProxy::
 Can be overridden by the 'GIT_PROXY_COMMAND' environment variable
 (which always applies universally, without the special "for"
 handling).
++
+The special string `none` can be used as the proxy command to
+specify that no proxy be used for a given domain pattern.
+This is useful for excluding servers inside a firewall from
+proxy use, while defaulting to a common proxy for external domains.
 
 core.ignoreStat::
 	If true, commands which modify both the working tree and the index
@@ -251,17 +297,24 @@ false), while all other repositories are assumed to be bare (bare
 = true).
 
 core.worktree::
-	Set the path to the working tree.  The value will not be
-	used in combination with repositories found automatically in
-	a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
+	Set the path to the root of the work tree.
 	This can be overridden by the GIT_WORK_TREE environment
 	variable and the '--work-tree' command line option. It can be
-	a absolute path or relative path to the directory specified by
-	--git-dir or GIT_DIR.
-	Note: If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
+	an absolute path or a relative path to the .git directory,
+	either specified by --git-dir or GIT_DIR, or automatically
+	discovered.
+	If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
 	--work-tree, GIT_WORK_TREE and core.worktree is specified,
-	the current working directory is regarded as the top directory
-	of your working tree.
+	the current working directory is regarded as the root of the
+	work tree.
++
+Note that this variable is honored even when set in a configuration
+file in a ".git" subdirectory of a directory, and its value differs
+from the latter directory (e.g. "/path/to/.git/config" has
+core.worktree set to "/different/path"), which is most likely a
+misconfiguration.  Running git commands in "/path/to" directory will
+still use "/different/path" as the root of the work tree and can cause
+great confusion to the users.
 
 core.logAllRefUpdates::
 	Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
@@ -290,8 +343,10 @@ core.sharedRepository::
 	group-shareable. When 'umask' (or 'false'), git will use permissions
 	reported by umask(2). When '0xxx', where '0xxx' is an octal number,
 	files in the repository will have this mode value. '0xxx' will override
-	user's umask value, and thus, users with a safe umask (0077) can use
-	this option. Examples: '0660' is equivalent to 'group'. '0640' is a
+	user's umask value (whereas the other options will only override
+	requested parts of the user's umask value). Examples: '0660' will make
+	the repo read/write-able for the owner and group, but inaccessible to
+	others (equivalent to 'group' unless umask is e.g. '0022'). '0640' is a
 	repository that is group-readable but not group-writable.
 	See linkgit:git-init[1]. False by default.
 
@@ -357,16 +412,15 @@ Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
 core.excludesfile::
 	In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
 	'.git/info/exclude', git looks into this file for patterns
-	of files which are not meant to be tracked.  See
-	linkgit:gitignore[5].
+	of files which are not meant to be tracked.  "{tilde}/" is expanded
+	to the value of `$HOME` and "{tilde}user/" to the specified user's
+	home directory.  See linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
 core.editor::
 	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
 	messages by launching an editor uses the value of this
 	variable when it is set, and the environment variable
-	`GIT_EDITOR` is not set.  The order of preference is
-	`GIT_EDITOR` environment, `core.editor`, `VISUAL` and
-	`EDITOR` environment variables and then finally `vi`.
+	`GIT_EDITOR` is not set.  See linkgit:git-var[1].
 
 core.pager::
 	The command that git will use to paginate output.  Can
@@ -382,9 +436,9 @@ core.pager::
 	to override git's default settings this way, you need
 	to be explicit.  For example, to disable the S option
 	in a backward compatible manner, set `core.pager`
-	to "`less -+$LESS -FRX`".  This will be passed to the
+	to `less -+$LESS -FRX`.  This will be passed to the
 	shell by git, which will translate the final command to
-	"`LESS=FRSX less -+FRSX -FRX`".
+	`LESS=FRSX less -+FRSX -FRX`.
 
 core.whitespace::
 	A comma separated list of common whitespace problems to
@@ -393,13 +447,17 @@ core.whitespace::
 	consider them as errors.  You can prefix `-` to disable
 	any of them (e.g. `-trailing-space`):
 +
-* `trailing-space` treats trailing whitespaces at the end of the line
+* `blank-at-eol` treats trailing whitespaces at the end of the line
   as an error (enabled by default).
 * `space-before-tab` treats a space character that appears immediately
   before a tab character in the initial indent part of the line as an
   error (enabled by default).
 * `indent-with-non-tab` treats a line that is indented with 8 or more
   space characters as an error (not enabled by default).
+* `blank-at-eof` treats blank lines added at the end of file as an error
+  (enabled by default).
+* `trailing-space` is a short-hand to cover both `blank-at-eol` and
+  `blank-at-eof`.
 * `cr-at-eol` treats a carriage-return at the end of line as
   part of the line terminator, i.e. with it, `trailing-space`
   does not trigger if the character before such a carriage-return
@@ -422,6 +480,33 @@ relatively high IO latencies.  With this set to 'true', git will do the
 index comparison to the filesystem data in parallel, allowing
 overlapping IO's.
 
+core.createObject::
+	You can set this to 'link', in which case a hardlink followed by
+	a delete of the source are used to make sure that object creation
+	will not overwrite existing objects.
++
+On some file system/operating system combinations, this is unreliable.
+Set this config setting to 'rename' there; However, This will remove the
+check that makes sure that existing object files will not get overwritten.
+
+core.notesRef::
+	When showing commit messages, also show notes which are stored in
+	the given ref.  This ref is expected to contain files named
+	after the full SHA-1 of the commit they annotate.
++
+If such a file exists in the given ref, the referenced blob is read, and
+appended to the commit message, separated by a "Notes:" line.  If the
+given ref itself does not exist, it is not an error, but means that no
+notes should be printed.
++
+This setting defaults to "refs/notes/commits", and can be overridden by
+the `GIT_NOTES_REF` environment variable.
+
+add.ignore-errors::
+	Tells 'git-add' to continue adding files when some files cannot be
+	added due to indexing errors. Equivalent to the '--ignore-errors'
+	option of linkgit:git-add[1].
+
 alias.*::
 	Command aliases for the linkgit:git[1] command wrapper - e.g.
 	after defining "alias.last = cat-file commit HEAD", the invocation
@@ -435,14 +520,24 @@ If the alias expansion is prefixed with an exclamation point,
 it will be treated as a shell command.  For example, defining
 "alias.new = !gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD", the invocation
 "git new" is equivalent to running the shell command
-"gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD".
+"gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD".  Note that shell commands will be
+executed from the top-level directory of a repository, which may
+not necessarily be the current directory.
+
+apply.ignorewhitespace::
+	When set to 'change', tells 'git-apply' to ignore changes in
+	whitespace, in the same way as the '--ignore-space-change'
+	option.
+	When set to one of: no, none, never, false tells 'git-apply' to
+	respect all whitespace differences.
+	See linkgit:git-apply[1].
 
 apply.whitespace::
 	Tells 'git-apply' how to handle whitespaces, in the same way
 	as the '--whitespace' option. See linkgit:git-apply[1].
 
 branch.autosetupmerge::
-	Tells 'git-branch' and 'git-checkout' to setup new branches
+	Tells 'git-branch' and 'git-checkout' to set up new branches
 	so that linkgit:git-pull[1] will appropriately merge from the
 	starting point branch. Note that even if this option is not set,
 	this behavior can be chosen per-branch using the `--track`
@@ -468,10 +563,14 @@ branch.autosetuprebase::
 	This option defaults to never.
 
 branch.<name>.remote::
-	When in branch <name>, it tells 'git-fetch' which remote to fetch.
-	If this option is not given, 'git-fetch' defaults to remote "origin".
+	When in branch <name>, it tells 'git-fetch' and 'git-push' which
+	remote to fetch from/push to.  It defaults to `origin` if no remote is
+	configured. `origin` is also used if you are not on any branch.
 
 branch.<name>.merge::
+	Defines, together with branch.<name>.remote, the upstream branch
+	for the given branch. It tells 'git-fetch'/'git-pull' which
+	branch to merge and can also affect 'git-push' (see push.default).
 	When in branch <name>, it tells 'git-fetch' the default
 	refspec to be marked for merging in FETCH_HEAD. The value is
 	handled like the remote part of a refspec, and must match a
@@ -488,7 +587,7 @@ branch.<name>.merge::
 
 branch.<name>.mergeoptions::
 	Sets default options for merging into branch <name>. The syntax and
-	supported options are equal to that of linkgit:git-merge[1], but
+	supported options are the same as those of linkgit:git-merge[1], but
 	option values containing whitespace characters are currently not
 	supported.
 
@@ -543,10 +642,29 @@ color.diff.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for diff colorization.  `<slot>` specifies
 	which part of the patch to use the specified color, and is one
 	of `plain` (context text), `meta` (metainformation), `frag`
-	(hunk header), `old` (removed lines), `new` (added lines),
-	`commit` (commit headers), or `whitespace` (highlighting
-	whitespace errors). The values of these variables may be specified as
-	in color.branch.<slot>.
+	(hunk header), 'func' (function in hunk header), `old` (removed lines),
+	`new` (added lines), `commit` (commit headers), or `whitespace`
+	(highlighting whitespace errors). The values of these variables may be
+	specified as in color.branch.<slot>.
+
+color.grep::
+	When set to `always`, always highlight matches.  When `false` (or
+	`never`), never.  When set to `true` or `auto`, use color only
+	when the output is written to the terminal.  Defaults to `false`.
+
+color.grep.external::
+	The string value of this variable is passed to an external 'grep'
+	command as a command line option if match highlighting is turned
+	on.  If set to an empty string, no option is passed at all,
+	turning off coloring for external 'grep' calls; this is the default.
+	For GNU grep, set it to `--color=always` to highlight matches even
+	when a pager is used.
+
+color.grep.match::
+	Use customized color for matches.  The value of this variable
+	may be specified as in color.branch.<slot>.  It is passed using
+	the environment variables 'GREP_COLOR' and 'GREP_COLORS' when
+	calling an external 'grep'.
 
 color.interactive::
 	When set to `always`, always use colors for interactive prompts
@@ -556,15 +674,21 @@ color.interactive::
 
 color.interactive.<slot>::
 	Use customized color for 'git-add --interactive'
-	output. `<slot>` may be `prompt`, `header`, or `help`, for
-	three distinct types of normal output from interactive
-	programs.  The values of these variables may be specified as
+	output. `<slot>` may be `prompt`, `header`, `help` or `error`, for
+	four distinct types of normal output from interactive
+	commands.  The values of these variables may be specified as
 	in color.branch.<slot>.
 
 color.pager::
 	A boolean to enable/disable colored output when the pager is in
 	use (default is true).
 
+color.showbranch::
+	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
+	linkgit:git-show-branch[1]. May be set to `always`,
+	`false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
+	only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
+
 color.status::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
 	linkgit:git-status[1]. May be set to `always`,
@@ -590,6 +714,8 @@ color.ui::
 
 commit.template::
 	Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages.
+	"{tilde}/" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "{tilde}user/" to the
+	specified user's home directory.
 
 diff.autorefreshindex::
 	When using 'git-diff' to compare with work tree
@@ -599,11 +725,7 @@ diff.autorefreshindex::
 	contents in the work tree match the contents in the
 	index.  This option defaults to true.  Note that this
 	affects only 'git-diff' Porcelain, and not lower level
-	'diff' commands, such as 'git-diff-files'.
-
-diff.suppress-blank-empty::
-	A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
-	before each empty output line. Defaults to false.
+	'diff' commands such as 'git-diff-files'.
 
 diff.external::
 	If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
@@ -639,6 +761,37 @@ diff.renames::
 	will enable basic rename detection.  If set to "copies" or
 	"copy", it will detect copies, as well.
 
+diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
+	A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
+	before each empty output line. Defaults to false.
+
+diff.tool::
+	Controls which diff tool is used.  `diff.tool` overrides
+	`merge.tool` when used by linkgit:git-difftool[1] and has
+	the same valid values as `merge.tool` minus "tortoisemerge"
+	and plus "kompare".
+
+difftool.<tool>.path::
+	Override the path for the given tool.  This is useful in case
+	your tool is not in the PATH.
+
+difftool.<tool>.cmd::
+	Specify the command to invoke the specified diff tool.
+	The specified command is evaluated in shell with the following
+	variables available:  'LOCAL' is set to the name of the temporary
+	file containing the contents of the diff pre-image and 'REMOTE'
+	is set to the name of the temporary file containing the contents
+	of the diff post-image.
+
+difftool.prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
+
+diff.wordRegex::
+	A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word"
+	when performing word-by-word difference calculations.  Character
+	sequences that match the regular expression are "words", all other
+	characters are *ignorable* whitespace.
+
 fetch.unpackLimit::
 	If the number of objects fetched over the git native
 	transfer is below this
@@ -650,6 +803,13 @@ fetch.unpackLimit::
 	especially on slow filesystems.  If not set, the value of
 	`transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead.
 
+format.attach::
+	Enable multipart/mixed attachments as the default for
+	'format-patch'.  The value can also be a double quoted string
+	which will enable attachments as the default and set the
+	value as the boundary.  See the --attach option in
+	linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
+
 format.numbered::
 	A boolean which can enable or disable sequence numbers in patch
 	subjects.  It defaults to "auto" which enables it only if there
@@ -661,6 +821,14 @@ format.headers::
 	Additional email headers to include in a patch to be submitted
 	by mail.  See linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
 
+format.cc::
+	Additional "Cc:" headers to include in a patch to be submitted
+	by mail.  See the --cc option in linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
+
+format.subjectprefix::
+	The default for format-patch is to output files with the '[PATCH]'
+	subject prefix. Use this variable to change that prefix.
+
 format.suffix::
 	The default for format-patch is to output files with the suffix
 	`.patch`. Use this variable to change that suffix (make sure to
@@ -671,6 +839,23 @@ format.pretty::
 	See linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1],
 	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1].
 
+format.thread::
+	The default threading style for 'git-format-patch'.  Can be
+	a boolean value, or `shallow` or `deep`.  `shallow` threading
+	makes every mail a reply to the head of the series,
+	where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
+	`\--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.
+	`deep` threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
+	A true boolean value is the same as `shallow`, and a false
+	value disables threading.
+
+format.signoff::
+    A boolean value which lets you enable the `-s/--signoff` option of
+    format-patch by default. *Note:* Adding the Signed-off-by: line to a
+    patch should be a conscious act and means that you certify you have
+    the rights to submit this work under the same open source license.
+    Please see the 'SubmittingPatches' document for further discussion.
+
 gc.aggressiveWindow::
 	The window size parameter used in the delta compression
 	algorithm used by 'git-gc --aggressive'.  This defaults
@@ -690,19 +875,18 @@ gc.autopacklimit::
 	default	value is 50.  Setting this to 0 disables it.
 
 gc.packrefs::
-	'git-gc' does not run `git pack-refs` in a bare repository by
-	default so that older dumb-transport clients can still fetch
-	from the repository.  Setting this to `true` lets 'git-gc'
-	to run `git pack-refs`.  Setting this to `false` tells
-	'git-gc' never to run `git pack-refs`. The default setting is
-	`notbare`. Enable it only when you know you do not have to
-	support such clients.  The default setting will change to `true`
-	at some stage, and setting this to `false` will continue to
-	prevent `git pack-refs` from being run from 'git-gc'.
+	Running `git pack-refs` in a repository renders it
+	unclonable by Git versions prior to 1.5.1.2 over dumb
+	transports such as HTTP.  This variable determines whether
+	'git gc' runs `git pack-refs`. This can be set to "nobare"
+	to enable it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a
+	boolean value.  The default is `true`.
 
 gc.pruneexpire::
 	When 'git-gc' is run, it will call 'prune --expire 2.weeks.ago'.
-	Override the grace period with this config variable.
+	Override the grace period with this config variable.  The value
+	"now" may be used to disable this  grace period and always prune
+	unreachable objects immediately.
 
 gc.reflogexpire::
 	'git-reflog expire' removes reflog entries older than
@@ -723,6 +907,10 @@ gc.rerereunresolved::
 	kept for this many days when 'git-rerere gc' is run.
 	The default is 15 days.  See linkgit:git-rerere[1].
 
+gitcvs.commitmsgannotation::
+	Append this string to each commit message. Set to empty string
+	to disable this feature. Defaults to "via git-CVS emulator".
+
 gitcvs.enabled::
 	Whether the CVS server interface is enabled for this repository.
 	See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
@@ -839,6 +1027,57 @@ gui.blamehistoryctx::
 	Context` menu item is invoked from 'git gui blame'. If this
 	variable is set to zero, the whole history is shown.
 
+guitool.<name>.cmd::
+	Specifies the shell command line to execute when the corresponding item
+	of the linkgit:git-gui[1] `Tools` menu is invoked. This option is
+	mandatory for every tool. The command is executed from the root of
+	the working directory, and in the environment it receives the name of
+	the tool as 'GIT_GUITOOL', the name of the currently selected file as
+	'FILENAME', and the name of the current branch as 'CUR_BRANCH' (if
+	the head is detached, 'CUR_BRANCH' is empty).
+
+guitool.<name>.needsfile::
+	Run the tool only if a diff is selected in the GUI. It guarantees
+	that 'FILENAME' is not empty.
+
+guitool.<name>.noconsole::
+	Run the command silently, without creating a window to display its
+	output.
+
+guitool.<name>.norescan::
+	Don't rescan the working directory for changes after the tool
+	finishes execution.
+
+guitool.<name>.confirm::
+	Show a confirmation dialog before actually running the tool.
+
+guitool.<name>.argprompt::
+	Request a string argument from the user, and pass it to the tool
+	through the 'ARGS' environment variable. Since requesting an
+	argument implies confirmation, the 'confirm' option has no effect
+	if this is enabled. If the option is set to 'true', 'yes', or '1',
+	the dialog uses a built-in generic prompt; otherwise the exact
+	value of the variable is used.
+
+guitool.<name>.revprompt::
+	Request a single valid revision from the user, and set the
+	'REVISION' environment variable. In other aspects this option
+	is similar to 'argprompt', and can be used together with it.
+
+guitool.<name>.revunmerged::
+	Show only unmerged branches in the 'revprompt' subdialog.
+	This is useful for tools similar to merge or rebase, but not
+	for things like checkout or reset.
+
+guitool.<name>.title::
+	Specifies the title to use for the prompt dialog. The default
+	is the tool name.
+
+guitool.<name>.prompt::
+	Specifies the general prompt string to display at the top of
+	the dialog, before subsections for 'argprompt' and 'revprompt'.
+	The default value includes the actual command.
+
 help.browser::
 	Specify the browser that will be used to display help in the
 	'web' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
@@ -877,6 +1116,12 @@ http.sslKey::
 	over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_KEY' environment
 	variable.
 
+http.sslCertPasswordProtected::
+	Enable git's password prompt for the SSL certificate.  Otherwise
+	OpenSSL will prompt the user, possibly many times, if the
+	certificate or private key is encrypted.  Can be overridden by the
+	'GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED' environment variable.
+
 http.sslCAInfo::
 	File containing the certificates to verify the peer with when
 	fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the
@@ -891,6 +1136,14 @@ http.maxRequests::
 	How many HTTP requests to launch in parallel. Can be overridden
 	by the 'GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUESTS' environment variable. Default is 5.
 
+http.postBuffer::
+	Maximum size in bytes of the buffer used by smart HTTP
+	transports when POSTing data to the remote system.
+	For requests larger than this buffer size, HTTP/1.1 and
+	Transfer-Encoding: chunked is used to avoid creating a
+	massive pack file locally.  Default is 1 MiB, which is
+	sufficient for most requests.
+
 http.lowSpeedLimit, http.lowSpeedTime::
 	If the HTTP transfer speed is less than 'http.lowSpeedLimit'
 	for longer than 'http.lowSpeedTime' seconds, the transfer is aborted.
@@ -937,6 +1190,13 @@ instaweb.port::
 	The port number to bind the gitweb httpd to. See
 	linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
 
+interactive.singlekey::
+	In interactive commands, allow the user to provide one-letter
+	input with a single key (i.e., without hitting enter).
+	Currently this is used only by the `\--patch` mode of
+	linkgit:git-add[1].  Note that this setting is silently
+	ignored if portable keystroke input is not available.
+
 log.date::
 	Set default date-time mode for the log command. Setting log.date
 	value is similar to using 'git-log'\'s --date option. The value is one of the
@@ -949,6 +1209,14 @@ log.showroot::
 	Tools like linkgit:git-log[1] or linkgit:git-whatchanged[1], which
 	normally hide the root commit will now show it. True by default.
 
+mailmap.file::
+	The location of an augmenting mailmap file. The default
+	mailmap, located in the root of the repository, is loaded
+	first, then the mailmap file pointed to by this variable.
+	The location of the mailmap file may be in a repository
+	subdirectory, or somewhere outside of the repository itself.
+	See linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1].
+
 man.viewer::
 	Specify the programs that may be used to display help in the
 	'man' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
@@ -993,6 +1261,16 @@ mergetool.keepBackup::
 	is set to `false` then this file is not preserved.  Defaults to
 	`true` (i.e. keep the backup files).
 
+mergetool.keepTemporaries::
+	When invoking a custom merge tool, git uses a set of temporary
+	files to pass to the tool. If the tool returns an error and this
+	variable is set to `true`, then these temporary files will be
+	preserved, otherwise they will be removed after the tool has
+	exited. Defaults to `false`.
+
+mergetool.prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program.
+
 pack.window::
 	The size of the window used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] when no
 	window size is given on the command line. Defaults to 10.
@@ -1018,12 +1296,20 @@ pack.compression::
 
 pack.deltaCacheSize::
 	The maximum memory in bytes used for caching deltas in
-	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
-	A value of 0 means no limit. Defaults to 0.
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] before writing them out to a pack.
+	This cache is used to speed up the writing object phase by not
+	having to recompute the final delta result once the best match
+	for all objects is found.  Repacking large repositories on machines
+	which are tight with memory might be badly impacted by this though,
+	especially if this cache pushes the system into swapping.
+	A value of 0 means no limit. The smallest size of 1 byte may be
+	used to virtually disable this cache. Defaults to 256 MiB.
 
 pack.deltaCacheLimit::
 	The maximum size of a delta, that is cached in
-	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]. Defaults to 1000.
+	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]. This cache is used to speed up the
+	writing object phase by not having to recompute the final delta
+	result once the best match for all objects is found. Defaults to 1000.
 
 pack.threads::
 	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
@@ -1063,7 +1349,7 @@ pager.<cmd>::
 	particular git subcommand when writing to a tty.  If
 	`\--paginate` or `\--no-pager` is specified on the command line,
 	it takes precedence over this option.  To disable pagination for
-	all commands, set `core.pager` or 'GIT_PAGER' to "`cat`".
+	all commands, set `core.pager` or `GIT_PAGER` to `cat`.
 
 pull.octopus::
 	The default merge strategy to use when pulling multiple branches
@@ -1072,6 +1358,28 @@ pull.octopus::
 pull.twohead::
 	The default merge strategy to use when pulling a single branch.
 
+push.default::
+	Defines the action git push should take if no refspec is given
+	on the command line, no refspec is configured in the remote, and
+	no refspec is implied by any of the options given on the command
+	line. Possible values are:
++
+* `nothing` do not push anything.
+* `matching` push all matching branches.
+  All branches having the same name in both ends are considered to be
+  matching. This is the default.
+* `tracking` push the current branch to its upstream branch.
+* `current` push the current branch to a branch of the same name.
+
+rebase.stat::
+	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
+	rebase. False by default.
+
+receive.autogc::
+	By default, git-receive-pack will run "git-gc --auto" after
+	receiving data from git-push and updating refs.  You can stop
+	it by setting this variable to false.
+
 receive.fsckObjects::
 	If it is set to true, git-receive-pack will check all received
 	objects. It will abort in the case of a malformed object or a
@@ -1103,14 +1411,21 @@ receive.denyCurrentBranch::
 
 receive.denyNonFastForwards::
 	If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update which is
-	not a fast forward. Use this to prevent such an update via a push,
+	not a fast-forward. Use this to prevent such an update via a push,
 	even if that push is forced. This configuration variable is
 	set when initializing a shared repository.
 
+receive.updateserverinfo::
+	If set to true, git-receive-pack will run git-update-server-info
+	after receiving data from git-push and updating refs.
+
 remote.<name>.url::
 	The URL of a remote repository.  See linkgit:git-fetch[1] or
 	linkgit:git-push[1].
 
+remote.<name>.pushurl::
+	The push URL of a remote repository.  See linkgit:git-push[1].
+
 remote.<name>.proxy::
 	For remotes that require curl (http, https and ftp), the URL to
 	the proxy to use for that remote.  Set to the empty string to
@@ -1130,7 +1445,13 @@ remote.<name>.mirror::
 
 remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate::
 	If true, this remote will be skipped by default when updating
-	using the update subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1].
+	using linkgit:git-fetch[1] or the `update` subcommand of
+	linkgit:git-remote[1].
+
+remote.<name>.skipFetchAll::
+	If true, this remote will be skipped by default when updating
+	using linkgit:git-fetch[1] or the `update` subcommand of
+	linkgit:git-remote[1].
 
 remote.<name>.receivepack::
 	The default program to execute on the remote side when pushing.  See
@@ -1168,6 +1489,50 @@ rerere.enabled::
 	default enabled if you create `rr-cache` directory under
 	`$GIT_DIR`, but can be disabled by setting this option to false.
 
+sendemail.identity::
+	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
+	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
+	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
+	the value of 'sendemail.identity'.
+
+sendemail.smtpencryption::
+	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.  Note that this
+	setting is not subject to the 'identity' mechanism.
+
+sendemail.smtpssl::
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.smtpencryption = ssl'.
+
+sendemail.<identity>.*::
+	Identity-specific versions of the 'sendemail.*' parameters
+	found below, taking precedence over those when the this
+	identity is selected, through command-line or
+	'sendemail.identity'.
+
+sendemail.aliasesfile::
+sendemail.aliasfiletype::
+sendemail.bcc::
+sendemail.cc::
+sendemail.cccmd::
+sendemail.chainreplyto::
+sendemail.confirm::
+sendemail.envelopesender::
+sendemail.from::
+sendemail.multiedit::
+sendemail.signedoffbycc::
+sendemail.smtppass::
+sendemail.suppresscc::
+sendemail.suppressfrom::
+sendemail.to::
+sendemail.smtpserver::
+sendemail.smtpserverport::
+sendemail.smtpuser::
+sendemail.thread::
+sendemail.validate::
+	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.
+
+sendemail.signedoffcc::
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.signedoffbycc'.
+
 showbranch.default::
 	The default set of branches for linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
 	See linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
@@ -1220,6 +1585,19 @@ url.<base>.insteadOf::
 	never-before-seen repository on the site.  When more than one
 	insteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is used.
 
+url.<base>.pushInsteadOf::
+	Any URL that starts with this value will not be pushed to;
+	instead, it will be rewritten to start with <base>, and the
+	resulting URL will be pushed to. In cases where some site serves
+	a large number of repositories, and serves them with multiple
+	access methods, some of which do not allow push, this feature
+	allows people to specify a pull-only URL and have git
+	automatically use an appropriate URL to push, even for a
+	never-before-seen repository on the site.  When more than one
+	pushInsteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is
+	used.  If a remote has an explicit pushurl, git will ignore this
+	setting for that remote.
+
 user.email::
 	Your email address to be recorded in any newly created commits.
 	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL', 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL', and
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-format.txt b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
index aafd3a394..b71712473 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-format.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree",
+Raw output format
+-----------------
+
+The raw output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree",
 "git-diff-files" and "git diff --raw" are very similar.
 
 These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
@@ -16,6 +19,9 @@ git-diff-tree [-r] <tree-ish-1> <tree-ish-2> [<pattern>...]::
 git-diff-files [<pattern>...]::
         compares the index and the files on the filesystem.
 
+The "git-diff-tree" command begins its ouput by printing the hash of
+what is being compared. After that, all the commands print one output
+line per changed file.
 
 An output line is formatted this way:
 
@@ -58,7 +64,7 @@ Possible status letters are:
 be committed)
 - X: "unknown" change type (most probably a bug, please report it)
 
-Status letters C and M are always followed by a score (denoting the
+Status letters C and R are always followed by a score (denoting the
 percentage of similarity between the source and target of the move or
 copy), and are the only ones to be so.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
index 517e1eba3..0f25ba7e3 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
@@ -143,15 +143,15 @@ different from it.
 
 A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
 fileN but it does not appear in the result.  A `+` character
-in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
+in the column N means that the line appears in the result,
 and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
 added, from the point of view of that parent).
 
 In the above example output, the function signature was changed
 from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
 file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
-in either file1 nor file2).  Also two other lines are the same
-from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with ` +`).
+in either file1 nor file2).  Also eight other lines are the same
+from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with `{plus}`).
 
 When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
 merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index c62b45cdb..8707d0e74 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -14,47 +14,54 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 ifdef::git-format-patch[]
 -p::
-	Generate patches without diffstat.
+--no-stat::
+	Generate plain patches without any diffstats.
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 -p::
+-u::
 	Generate patch (see section on generating patches).
 	{git-diff? This is the default.}
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
--u::
-	Synonym for "-p".
-
 -U<n>::
-	Shorthand for "--unified=<n>".
-
 --unified=<n>::
 	Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of
-	the usual three. Implies "-p".
+	the usual three.
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
+	Implies `-p`.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --raw::
 	Generate the raw format.
 	{git-diff-core? This is the default.}
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --patch-with-raw::
-	Synonym for "-p --raw".
+	Synonym for `-p --raw`.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
+
+--patience::
+	Generate a diff using the "patience diff" algorithm.
 
 --stat[=width[,name-width]]::
 	Generate a diffstat.  You can override the default
-	output width for 80-column terminal by "--stat=width".
+	output width for 80-column terminal by `--stat=width`.
 	The width of the filename part can be controlled by
 	giving another width to it separated by a comma.
 
 --numstat::
-	Similar to \--stat, but shows number of added and
+	Similar to `\--stat`, but shows number of added and
 	deleted lines in decimal notation and pathname without
 	abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly.  For
 	binary files, outputs two `-` instead of saying
 	`0 0`.
 
 --shortstat::
-	Output only the last line of the --stat format containing total
+	Output only the last line of the `--stat` format containing total
 	number of modified files, as well as number of added and deleted
 	lines.
 
@@ -62,24 +69,39 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	Output the distribution of relative amount of changes (number of lines added or
 	removed) for each sub-directory. Directories with changes below
 	a cut-off percent (3% by default) are not shown. The cut-off percent
-	can be set with "--dirstat=limit". Changes in a child directory is not
-	counted for the parent directory, unless "--cumulative" is used.
+	can be set with `--dirstat=limit`. Changes in a child directory is not
+	counted for the parent directory, unless `--cumulative` is used.
 
 --dirstat-by-file[=limit]::
-	Same as --dirstat, but counts changed files instead of lines.
+	Same as `--dirstat`, but counts changed files instead of lines.
 
 --summary::
 	Output a condensed summary of extended header information
 	such as creations, renames and mode changes.
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --patch-with-stat::
-	Synonym for "-p --stat".
-	{git-format-patch? This is the default.}
+	Synonym for `-p --stat`.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
+
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 
 -z::
-	NUL-line termination on output.  This affects the --raw
-	output field terminator.  Also output from commands such
-	as "git-log" will be delimited with NUL between commits.
+ifdef::git-log[]
+	Separate the commits with NULs instead of with new newlines.
++
+Also, when `--raw` or `--numstat` has been given, do not munge
+pathnames and use NULs as output field terminators.
+endif::git-log[]
+ifndef::git-log[]
+	When `--raw` or `--numstat` has been given, do not munge
+	pathnames and use NULs as output field terminators.
+endif::git-log[]
++
+Without this option, each pathname output will have TAB, LF, double quotes,
+and backslash characters replaced with `\t`, `\n`, `\"`, and `\\`,
+respectively, and the pathname will be enclosed in double quotes if
+any of those replacements occurred.
 
 --name-only::
 	Show only names of changed files.
@@ -88,6 +110,13 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	Show only names and status of changed files. See the description
 	of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
 
+--submodule[=<format>]::
+	Chose the output format for submodule differences. <format> can be one of
+	'short' and 'log'. 'short' just shows pairs of commit names, this format
+	is used when this option is not given. 'log' is the default value for this
+	option and lists the commits in that commit range like the 'summary'
+	option of linkgit:git-submodule[1] does.
+
 --color::
 	Show colored diff.
 
@@ -95,18 +124,35 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	Turn off colored diff, even when the configuration file
 	gives the default to color output.
 
---color-words::
-	Show colored word diff, i.e. color words which have changed.
+--color-words[=<regex>]::
+	Show colored word diff, i.e., color words which have changed.
+	By default, words are separated by whitespace.
++
+When a <regex> is specified, every non-overlapping match of the
+<regex> is considered a word.  Anything between these matches is
+considered whitespace and ignored(!) for the purposes of finding
+differences.  You may want to append `|[^[:space:]]` to your regular
+expression to make sure that it matches all non-whitespace characters.
+A match that contains a newline is silently truncated(!) at the
+newline.
++
+The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see
+linkgit:gitattributes[1] or linkgit:git-config[1].  Giving it explicitly
+overrides any diff driver or configuration setting.  Diff drivers
+override configuration settings.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 --no-renames::
 	Turn off rename detection, even when the configuration
 	file gives the default to do so.
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --check::
 	Warn if changes introduce trailing whitespace
 	or an indent that uses a space before a tab. Exits with
 	non-zero status if problems are found. Not compatible with
 	--exit-code.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 --full-index::
 	Instead of the first handful of characters, show the full
@@ -114,16 +160,16 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	line when generating patch format output.
 
 --binary::
-	In addition to --full-index, output "binary diff" that
-	can be applied with "git apply".
+	In addition to `--full-index`, output a binary diff that
+	can be applied with `git-apply`.
 
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
 	name in diff-raw format output and diff-tree header
-	lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix.  This is
-	independent of --full-index option above, which controls
+	lines, show only a partial prefix.  This is
+	independent of the `--full-index` option above, which controls
 	the diff-patch output format.  Non default number of
-	digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
+	digits can be specified with `--abbrev=<n>`.
 
 -B::
 	Break complete rewrite changes into pairs of delete and create.
@@ -134,6 +180,7 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 -C::
 	Detect copies as well as renames.  See also `--find-copies-harder`.
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --diff-filter=[ACDMRTUXB*]::
 	Select only files that are Added (`A`), Copied (`C`),
 	Deleted (`D`), Modified (`M`), Renamed (`R`), have their
@@ -145,6 +192,7 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	paths are selected if there is any file that matches
 	other criteria in the comparison; if there is no file
 	that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 --find-copies-harder::
 	For performance reasons, by default, `-C` option finds copies only
@@ -156,28 +204,34 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	`-C` option has the same effect.
 
 -l<num>::
-	-M and -C options require O(n^2) processing time where n
+	The `-M` and `-C` options require O(n^2) processing time where n
 	is the number of potential rename/copy targets.  This
 	option prevents rename/copy detection from running if
 	the number of rename/copy targets exceeds the specified
 	number.
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 -S<string>::
-	Look for differences that contain the change in <string>.
+	Look for differences that introduce or remove an instance of
+	<string>. Note that this is different than the string simply
+	appearing in diff output; see the 'pickaxe' entry in
+	linkgit:gitdiffcore[7] for more details.
 
 --pickaxe-all::
-	When -S finds a change, show all the changes in that
+	When `-S` finds a change, show all the changes in that
 	changeset, not just the files that contain the change
 	in <string>.
 
 --pickaxe-regex::
 	Make the <string> not a plain string but an extended POSIX
 	regex to match.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 -O<orderfile>::
 	Output the patch in the order specified in the
 	<orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line.
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 -R::
 	Swap two inputs; that is, show differences from index or
 	on-disk file to tree contents.
@@ -189,39 +243,40 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
 	not in a subdirectory (e.g. in a bare repository), you
 	can name which subdirectory to make the output relative
 	to by giving a <path> as an argument.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
+-a::
 --text::
 	Treat all files as text.
 
--a::
-	Shorthand for "--text".
-
 --ignore-space-at-eol::
 	Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL.
 
+-b::
 --ignore-space-change::
 	Ignore changes in amount of whitespace.  This ignores whitespace
 	at line end, and considers all other sequences of one or
 	more whitespace characters to be equivalent.
 
--b::
-	Shorthand for "--ignore-space-change".
-
+-w::
 --ignore-all-space::
 	Ignore whitespace when comparing lines.  This ignores
 	differences even if one line has whitespace where the other
 	line has none.
 
--w::
-	Shorthand for "--ignore-all-space".
+--inter-hunk-context=<lines>::
+	Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
+	of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
 
+ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --exit-code::
 	Make the program exit with codes similar to diff(1).
 	That is, it exits with 1 if there were differences and
 	0 means no differences.
 
 --quiet::
-	Disable all output of the program. Implies --exit-code.
+	Disable all output of the program. Implies `--exit-code`.
+endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 --ext-diff::
 	Allow an external diff helper to be executed. If you set an
diff --git a/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css b/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css
index b878b385c..e11c8f053 100644
--- a/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css
+++ b/Documentation/docbook-xsl.css
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ body blockquote {
 html body {
   margin: 1em 5% 1em 5%;
   line-height: 1.2;
+  font-family: sans-serif;
 }
 
 body div {
@@ -128,6 +129,15 @@ body pre {
 
 tt.literal, code.literal {
   color: navy;
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+code.literal:before { content: "'"; }
+code.literal:after { content: "'"; }
+
+em {
+  font-style: italic;
+  color: #064;
 }
 
 div.literallayout p {
@@ -137,7 +147,6 @@ div.literallayout p {
 
 div.literallayout {
   font-family: monospace;
-#  margin: 0.5em 10% 0.5em 1em;
   margin: 0em;
   color: navy;
   border: 1px solid silver;
@@ -187,7 +196,8 @@ dt {
 }
 
 dt span.term {
-  font-style: italic;
+  font-style: normal;
+  color: navy;
 }
 
 div.variablelist dd p {
diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txt b/Documentation/everyday.txt
index e598cdda4..9310b650d 100644
--- a/Documentation/everyday.txt
+++ b/Documentation/everyday.txt
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Use a tarball as a starting point for a new repository.::
 ------------
 $ tar zxf frotz.tar.gz
 $ cd frotz
-$ git-init
+$ git init
 $ git add . <1>
 $ git commit -m "import of frotz source tree."
 $ git tag v2.43 <2>
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index d313795fd..ab6419fe6 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,5 @@
--q::
---quiet::
-	Pass --quiet to git-fetch-pack and silence any other internally
-	used programs.
-
--v::
---verbose::
-	Be verbose.
+--all::
+	Fetch all remotes.
 
 -a::
 --append::
@@ -13,11 +7,15 @@
 	existing contents of `.git/FETCH_HEAD`.  Without this
 	option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
 
---upload-pack <upload-pack>::
-	When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
-	by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
-	the command to specify non-default path for the command
-	run on the other end.
+--depth=<depth>::
+	Deepen the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
+	`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
+	by the specified number of commits.
+
+ifndef::git-pull[]
+--dry-run::
+	Show what would be done, without making any changes.
+endif::git-pull[]
 
 -f::
 --force::
@@ -27,6 +25,20 @@
 	fetches is a descendant of `<lbranch>`.  This option
 	overrides that check.
 
+-k::
+--keep::
+	Keep downloaded pack.
+
+ifndef::git-pull[]
+--multiple::
+	Allow several <repository> and <group> arguments to be
+	specified. No <refspec>s may be specified.
+
+--prune::
+	After fetching, remove any remote tracking branches which
+	no longer exist	on the remote.
+endif::git-pull[]
+
 ifdef::git-pull[]
 --no-tags::
 endif::git-pull[]
@@ -47,10 +59,6 @@ endif::git-pull[]
 	flag lets all tags and their associated objects be
 	downloaded.
 
--k::
---keep::
-	Keep downloaded pack.
-
 -u::
 --update-head-ok::
 	By default 'git-fetch' refuses to update the head which
@@ -60,7 +68,19 @@ endif::git-pull[]
 	implementing your own Porcelain you are not supposed to
 	use it.
 
---depth=<depth>::
-	Deepen the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
-	`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
-	by the specified number of commits.
+--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
+	When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
+	by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
+	the command to specify non-default path for the command
+	run on the other end.
+
+ifndef::git-pull[]
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Pass --quiet to git-fetch-pack and silence any other internally
+	used git commands.
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Be verbose.
+endif::git-pull[]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt
index 7c129cb24..d0b279b82 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-add.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt
@@ -9,33 +9,37 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git add' [-n] [-v] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
-	  [--all | [--update | -u]] [--intent-to-add | -N]
-	  [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--] <filepattern>...
+	  [--edit | -e] [--all | [--update | -u]] [--intent-to-add | -N]
+	  [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--] [<filepattern>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-This command adds the current content of new or modified files to the
-index, thus staging that content for inclusion in the next commit.
+This command updates the index using the current content found in
+the working tree, to prepare the content staged for the next commit.
+It typically adds the current content of existing paths as a whole,
+but with some options it can also be used to add content with
+only part of the changes made to the working tree files applied, or
+remove paths that do not exist in the working tree anymore.
 
 The "index" holds a snapshot of the content of the working tree, and it
 is this snapshot that is taken as the contents of the next commit.  Thus
 after making any changes to the working directory, and before running
-the commit command, you must use the 'add' command to add any new or
+the commit command, you must use the `add` command to add any new or
 modified files to the index.
 
 This command can be performed multiple times before a commit.  It only
 adds the content of the specified file(s) at the time the add command is
 run; if you want subsequent changes included in the next commit, then
-you must run 'git add' again to add the new content to the index.
+you must run `git add` again to add the new content to the index.
 
-The 'git status' command can be used to obtain a summary of which
+The `git status` command can be used to obtain a summary of which
 files have changes that are staged for the next commit.
 
-The 'git add' command will not add ignored files by default.  If any
-ignored files were explicitly specified on the command line, 'git add'
+The `git add` command will not add ignored files by default.  If any
+ignored files were explicitly specified on the command line, `git add`
 will fail with a list of ignored files.  Ignored files reached by
 directory recursion or filename globbing performed by Git (quote your
-globs before the shell) will be silently ignored.  The 'add' command can
+globs before the shell) will be silently ignored.  The `add` command can
 be used to add ignored files with the `-f` (force) option.
 
 Please see linkgit:git-commit[1] for alternative ways to add content to a
@@ -72,34 +76,51 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -p::
 --patch::
-	Similar to Interactive mode but the initial command loop is
-	bypassed and the 'patch' subcommand is invoked using each of
-	the specified filepatterns before exiting.
+	Interactively choose hunks of patch between the index and the
+	work tree and add them to the index. This gives the user a chance
+	to review the difference before adding modified contents to the
+	index.
++
+This effectively runs `add --interactive`, but bypasses the
+initial command menu and directly jumps to the `patch` subcommand.
+See ``Interactive mode'' for details.
+
+-e, \--edit::
+	Open the diff vs. the index in an editor and let the user
+	edit it.  After the editor was closed, adjust the hunk headers
+	and apply the patch to the index.
++
+*NOTE*: Obviously, if you change anything else than the first character
+on lines beginning with a space or a minus, the patch will no longer
+apply.
 
 -u::
 --update::
-	Update only files that git already knows about, staging modified
-	content for commit and marking deleted files for removal. This
-	is similar
-	to what "git commit -a" does in preparation for making a commit,
-	except that the update is limited to paths specified on the
-	command line. If no paths are specified, all tracked files in the
-	current directory and its subdirectories are updated.
+	Only match <filepattern> against already tracked files in
+	the index rather than the working tree. That means that it
+	will never stage new files, but that it will stage modified
+	new contents of tracked files and that it will remove files
+	from the index if the corresponding files in the working tree
+	have been removed.
++
+If no <filepattern> is given, default to "."; in other words,
+update all tracked files in the current directory and its
+subdirectories.
 
 -A::
 --all::
-	Update files that git already knows about (same as '\--update')
-	and add all untracked files that are not ignored by '.gitignore'
-	mechanism.
-
+	Like `-u`, but match <filepattern> against files in the
+	working tree in addition to the index. That means that it
+	will find new files as well as staging modified content and
+	removing files that are no longer in the working tree.
 
 -N::
 --intent-to-add::
 	Record only the fact that the path will be added later. An entry
 	for the path is placed in the index with no content. This is
 	useful for, among other things, showing the unstaged content of
-	such files with 'git diff' and committing them with 'git commit
-	-a'.
+	such files with `git diff` and committing them with `git commit
+	-a`.
 
 --refresh::
 	Don't add the file(s), but only refresh their stat()
@@ -119,7 +140,7 @@ OPTIONS
 Configuration
 -------------
 
-The optional configuration variable 'core.excludesfile' indicates a path to a
+The optional configuration variable `core.excludesfile` indicates a path to a
 file containing patterns of file names to exclude from git-add, similar to
 $GIT_DIR/info/exclude.  Patterns in the exclude file are used in addition to
 those in info/exclude.  See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5].
@@ -132,11 +153,11 @@ EXAMPLES
 and its subdirectories:
 +
 ------------
-$ git add Documentation/\\*.txt
+$ git add Documentation/\*.txt
 ------------
 +
 Note that the asterisk `\*` is quoted from the shell in this
-example; this lets the command to include the files from
+example; this lets the command include the files from
 subdirectories of `Documentation/` directory.
 
 * Considers adding content from all git-*.sh scripts:
@@ -145,7 +166,7 @@ subdirectories of `Documentation/` directory.
 $ git add git-*.sh
 ------------
 +
-Because this example lets shell expand the asterisk (i.e. you are
+Because this example lets the shell expand the asterisk (i.e. you are
 listing the files explicitly), it does not consider
 `subdir/git-foo.sh`.
 
@@ -167,7 +188,7 @@ and type return, like this:
     What now> 1
 ------------
 
-You also could say "s" or "sta" or "status" above as long as the
+You also could say `s` or `sta` or `status` above as long as the
 choice is unique.
 
 The main command loop has 6 subcommands (plus help and quit).
@@ -175,9 +196,9 @@ The main command loop has 6 subcommands (plus help and quit).
 status::
 
    This shows the change between HEAD and index (i.e. what will be
-   committed if you say "git commit"), and between index and
+   committed if you say `git commit`), and between index and
    working tree files (i.e. what you could stage further before
-   "git commit" using "git-add") for each path.  A sample output
+   `git commit` using `git add`) for each path.  A sample output
    looks like this:
 +
 ------------
@@ -198,8 +219,8 @@ one deletion).
 
 update::
 
-   This shows the status information and gives prompt
-   "Update>>".  When the prompt ends with double '>>', you can
+   This shows the status information and issues an "Update>>"
+   prompt.  When the prompt ends with double '>>', you can
    make more than one selection, concatenated with whitespace or
    comma.  Also you can say ranges.  E.g. "2-5 7,9" to choose
    2,3,4,5,7,9 from the list.  If the second number in a range is
@@ -238,15 +259,18 @@ add untracked::
 
 patch::
 
-  This lets you choose one path out of 'status' like selection.
-  After choosing the path, it presents diff between the index
+  This lets you choose one path out of a 'status' like selection.
+  After choosing the path, it presents the diff between the index
   and the working tree file and asks you if you want to stage
   the change of each hunk.  You can say:
 
        y - stage this hunk
        n - do not stage this hunk
+       q - quit, do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining ones
        a - stage this and all the remaining hunks in the file
        d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
+       g - select a hunk to go to
+       / - search for a hunk matching the given regex
        j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
        J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
        k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
@@ -263,13 +287,6 @@ diff::
   This lets you review what will be committed (i.e. between
   HEAD and index).
 
-Bugs
-----
-The interactive mode does not work with files whose names contain
-characters that need C-quoting.  `core.quotepath` configuration can be
-used to work this limitation around to some degree, but backslash,
-double-quote and control characters will still have problems.
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-status[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index b9c6fac74..67ad5da9c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--utf8 | --no-utf8]
-	 [--3way] [--interactive]
-         [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>]
+	 [--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
+	 [--ignore-date] [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
+	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
+	 [--reject] [-q | --quiet] [--scissors | --no-scissors]
 	 [<mbox> | <Maildir>...]
 'git am' (--skip | --resolved | --abort)
 
@@ -25,18 +27,30 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 <mbox>|<Maildir>...::
 	The list of mailbox files to read patches from. If you do not
-	supply this argument, reads from the standard input. If you supply
-	directories, they'll be treated as Maildirs.
+	supply this argument, the command reads from the standard input.
+	If you supply directories, they will be treated as Maildirs.
 
 -s::
 --signoff::
-	Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
+	Add a `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
 	the committer identity of yourself.
 
 -k::
 --keep::
 	Pass `-k` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 
+-c::
+--scissors::
+	Remove everything in body before a scissors line (see
+	linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
+
+---no-scissors::
+	Ignore scissors lines (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Be quiet. Only print error messages.
+
 -u::
 --utf8::
 	Pass `-u` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
@@ -46,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	preferred encoding if it is not UTF-8).
 +
 This was optional in prior versions of git, but now it is the
-default.   You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
+default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 
 --no-utf8::
 	Pass `-n` flag to 'git-mailinfo' (see
@@ -55,17 +69,18 @@ default.   You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 -3::
 --3way::
 	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on
-	3-way merge, if the patch records the identity of blobs
-	it is supposed to apply to, and we have those blobs
+	3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs
+	it is supposed to apply to and we have those blobs
 	available locally.
 
+--ignore-date::
+--ignore-space-change::
+--ignore-whitespace::
 --whitespace=<option>::
-	This flag is passed to the 'git-apply' (see linkgit:git-apply[1])
-	program that applies
-	the patch.
-
 -C<n>::
 -p<n>::
+--directory=<dir>::
+--reject::
 	These flags are passed to the 'git-apply' (see linkgit:git-apply[1])
 	program that applies
 	the patch.
@@ -74,6 +89,20 @@ default.   You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 --interactive::
 	Run interactively.
 
+--committer-date-is-author-date::
+	By default the command records the date from the e-mail
+	message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
+	commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
+	user to lie about the committer date by using the same
+	value as the author date.
+
+--ignore-date::
+	By default the command records the date from the e-mail
+	message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
+	commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
+	user to lie about the author date by using the same
+	value as the committer date.
+
 --skip::
 	Skip the current patch.  This is only meaningful when
 	restarting an aborted patch.
@@ -101,24 +130,22 @@ DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
 The commit author name is taken from the "From: " line of the
-message, and commit author time is taken from the "Date: " line
+message, and commit author date is taken from the "Date: " line
 of the message.  The "Subject: " line is used as the title of
 the commit, after stripping common prefix "[PATCH <anything>]".
-It is supposed to describe what the commit is about concisely as
-a one line text.
+The "Subject: " line is supposed to concisely describe what the
+commit is about in one line of text.
 
-The body of the message (iow, after a blank line that terminates
-RFC2822 headers) can begin with "Subject: " and "From: " lines
-that are different from those of the mail header, to override
-the values of these fields.
+"From: " and "Subject: " lines starting the body override the respective
+commit author name and title values taken from the headers.
 
 The commit message is formed by the title taken from the
 "Subject: ", a blank line and the body of the message up to
-where the patch begins.  Excess whitespaces at the end of the
-lines are automatically stripped.
+where the patch begins.  Excess whitespace at the end of each
+line is automatically stripped.
 
 The patch is expected to be inline, directly following the
-message.  Any line that is of form:
+message.  Any line that is of the form:
 
 * three-dashes and end-of-line, or
 * a line that begins with "diff -", or
@@ -127,18 +154,18 @@ message.  Any line that is of form:
 is taken as the beginning of a patch, and the commit log message
 is terminated before the first occurrence of such a line.
 
-When initially invoking it, you give it names of the mailboxes
-to crunch.  Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
-aborts in the middle,.  You can recover from this in one of two ways:
+When initially invoking `git am`, you give it the names of the mailboxes
+to process.  Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
+aborts in the middle.  You can recover from this in one of two ways:
 
-. skip the current patch by re-running the command with '--skip'
+. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the '--skip'
   option.
 
 . hand resolve the conflict in the working directory, and update
-  the index file to bring it in a state that the patch should
-  have produced.  Then run the command with '--resolved' option.
+  the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should
+  have produced.  Then run the command with the '--resolved' option.
 
-The command refuses to process new mailboxes while `.git/rebase-apply`
+The command refuses to process new mailboxes while the `.git/rebase-apply`
 directory exists, so if you decide to start over from scratch,
 run `rm -f -r .git/rebase-apply` before running the command with mailbox
 names.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
index 0aba022ba..0590eec05 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-annotate.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-annotate(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-annotate - Annotate file lines with commit info
+git-annotate - Annotate file lines with commit information
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Annotates each line in the given file with information from the commit
-which introduced the line. Optionally annotate from a given revision.
+which introduced the line. Optionally annotates from a given revision.
 
 The only difference between this command and linkgit:git-blame[1] is that
 they use slightly different output formats, and this command exists only
-for backward compatibility to support existing scripts, and provide more
+for backward compatibility to support existing scripts, and provide a more
 familiar command name for people coming from other SCM systems.
 
 OPTIONS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
index e726510ab..c2528a765 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
@@ -3,29 +3,33 @@ git-apply(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-apply - Apply a patch on a git index file and a working tree
+git-apply - Apply a patch to files and/or to the index
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index]
-	  [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor <file>] [-R | --reverse]
+	  [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
 	  [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
 	  [-pNUM] [-CNUM] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
+	  [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace ]
 	  [--whitespace=<nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all>]
 	  [--exclude=PATH] [--include=PATH] [--directory=<root>]
 	  [--verbose] [<patch>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads supplied 'diff' output and applies it on a git index file
-and a work tree.
+Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files.
+With the `--index` option the patch is also applied to the index, and
+with the `--cache` option the patch is only applied to the index.
+Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files,
+and does not require them to be in a git repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <patch>...::
-	The files to read patch from.  '-' can be used to read
+	The files to read the patch from.  '-' can be used to read
 	from the standard input.
 
 --stat::
@@ -33,8 +37,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	input.  Turns off "apply".
 
 --numstat::
-	Similar to \--stat, but shows number of added and
-	deleted lines in decimal notation and pathname without
+	Similar to `--stat`, but shows the number of added and
+	deleted lines in decimal notation and the pathname without
 	abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly.  For
 	binary files, outputs two `-` instead of saying
 	`0 0`.  Turns off "apply".
@@ -47,28 +51,28 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --check::
 	Instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is
-	applicable to the current work tree and/or the index
+	applicable to the current working tree and/or the index
 	file and detects errors.  Turns off "apply".
 
 --index::
-	When --check is in effect, or when applying the patch
+	When `--check` is in effect, or when applying the patch
 	(which is the default when none of the options that
 	disables it is in effect), make sure the patch is
 	applicable to what the current index file records.  If
-	the file to be patched in the work tree is not
+	the file to be patched in the working tree is not
 	up-to-date, it is flagged as an error.  This flag also
 	causes the index file to be updated.
 
 --cached::
-	Apply a patch without touching the working tree. Instead, take the
-	cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index,
-	without using the working tree. This implies '--index'.
+	Apply a patch without touching the working tree. Instead take the
+	cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index
+	without using the working tree. This implies `--index`.
 
---build-fake-ancestor <file>::
+--build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
 	Newer 'git-diff' output has embedded 'index information'
 	for each blob to help identify the original version that
 	the patch applies to.  When this flag is given, and if
-	the original versions of the blobs is available locally,
+	the original versions of the blobs are available locally,
 	builds a temporary index containing those blobs.
 +
 When a pure mode change is encountered (which has no index information),
@@ -86,11 +90,13 @@ the information is read from the current index instead.
 	rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files.
 
 -z::
-	When showing the index information, do not munge paths,
-	but use NUL terminated machine readable format.  Without
-	this flag, the pathnames output will have TAB, LF, and
-	backslash characters replaced with `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
-	respectively.
+	When `--numstat` has been given, do not munge pathnames,
+	but use a NUL-terminated machine-readable format.
++
+Without this option, each pathname output will have TAB, LF, double quotes,
+and backslash characters replaced with `\t`, `\n`, `\"`, and `\\`,
+respectively, and the pathname will be enclosed in double quotes if
+any of those replacements occurred.
 
 -p<n>::
 	Remove <n> leading slashes from traditional diff paths. The
@@ -106,16 +112,16 @@ the information is read from the current index instead.
 	By default, 'git-apply' expects that the patch being
 	applied is a unified diff with at least one line of context.
 	This provides good safety measures, but breaks down when
-	applying a diff generated with --unified=0. To bypass these
-	checks use '--unidiff-zero'.
+	applying a diff generated with `--unified=0`. To bypass these
+	checks use `--unidiff-zero`.
 +
-Note, for the reasons stated above usage of context-free patches are
+Note, for the reasons stated above usage of context-free patches is
 discouraged.
 
 --apply::
 	If you use any of the options marked "Turns off
 	'apply'" above, 'git-apply' reads and outputs the
-	information you asked without actually applying the
+	requested information without actually applying the
 	patch.  Give this flag after those flags to also apply
 	the patch.
 
@@ -124,7 +130,7 @@ discouraged.
 	patch.  This can be used to extract the common part between
 	two files by first running 'diff' on them and applying
 	the result with this option, which would apply the
-	deletion part but not addition part.
+	deletion part but not the addition part.
 
 --allow-binary-replacement::
 --binary::
@@ -143,12 +149,20 @@ discouraged.
 	be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to include certain
 	files or directories.
 +
-When --exclude and --include patterns are used, they are examined in the
+When `--exclude` and `--include` patterns are used, they are examined in the
 order they appear on the command line, and the first match determines if a
 patch to each path is used.  A patch to a path that does not match any
 include/exclude pattern is used by default if there is no include pattern
 on the command line, and ignored if there is any include pattern.
 
+--ignore-space-change::
+--ignore-whitespace::
+	When applying a patch, ignore changes in whitespace in context
+	lines if necessary.
+	Context lines will preserve their whitespace, and they will not
+	undergo whitespace fixing regardless of the value of the
+	`--whitespace` option. New lines will still be fixed, though.
+
 --whitespace=<action>::
 	When applying a patch, detect a new or modified line that has
 	whitespace errors.  What are considered whitespace errors is
@@ -159,10 +173,10 @@ on the command line, and ignored if there is any include pattern.
 	considered whitespace errors.
 +
 By default, the command outputs warning messages but applies the patch.
-When `git-apply is used for statistics and not applying a
+When `git-apply` is used for statistics and not applying a
 patch, it defaults to `nowarn`.
 +
-You can use different `<action>` to control this
+You can use different `<action>` values to control this
 behavior:
 +
 * `nowarn` turns off the trailing whitespace warning.
@@ -170,7 +184,7 @@ behavior:
   patch as-is (default).
 * `fix` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and applies the
   patch after fixing them (`strip` is a synonym --- the tool
-  used to consider only trailing whitespaces as errors, and the
+  used to consider only trailing whitespace characters as errors, and the
   fix involved 'stripping' them, but modern gits do more).
 * `error` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and refuses
   to apply the patch.
@@ -195,7 +209,7 @@ behavior:
 	adjusting the hunk headers appropriately).
 
 --directory=<root>::
-	Prepend <root> to all filenames.  If a "-p" argument was passed, too,
+	Prepend <root> to all filenames.  If a "-p" argument was also passed,
 	it is applied before prepending the new root.
 +
 For example, a patch that talks about updating `a/git-gui.sh` to `b/git-gui.sh`
@@ -205,6 +219,10 @@ running `git apply --directory=modules/git-gui`.
 Configuration
 -------------
 
+apply.ignorewhitespace::
+	Set to 'change' if you want changes in whitespace to be ignored by default.
+	Set to one of: no, none, never, false if you want changes in
+	whitespace to be significant.
 apply.whitespace::
 	When no `--whitespace` flag is given from the command
 	line, this configuration item is used as the default.
@@ -214,14 +232,14 @@ Submodules
 If the patch contains any changes to submodules then 'git-apply'
 treats these changes as follows.
 
-If --index is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the submodule
+If `--index` is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the submodule
 commits must match the index exactly for the patch to apply.  If any
 of the submodules are checked-out, then these check-outs are completely
 ignored, i.e., they are not required to be up-to-date or clean and they
 are not updated.
 
-If --index is not specified, then the submodule commits in the patch
-are ignored and only the absence of presence of the corresponding
+If `--index` is not specified, then the submodule commits in the patch
+are ignored and only the absence or presence of the corresponding
 subdirectory is checked and (if possible) updated.
 
 Author
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
index 41cbf9c08..e57979198 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ git-archive - Create an archive of files from a named tree
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git archive' --format=<fmt> [--list] [--prefix=<prefix>/] [<extra>]
+'git archive' [--format=<fmt>] [--list] [--prefix=<prefix>/] [<extra>]
+	      [-o | --output=<file>] [--worktree-attributes]
 	      [--remote=<repo> [--exec=<git-upload-archive>]] <tree-ish>
 	      [path...]
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ prepended to the filenames in the archive.
 
 'git-archive' behaves differently when given a tree ID versus when
 given a commit ID or tag ID.  In the first case the current time is
-used as modification time of each file in the archive.  In the latter
+used as the modification time of each file in the archive.  In the latter
 case the commit time as recorded in the referenced commit object is
 used instead.  Additionally the commit ID is stored in a global
 extended pax header if the tar format is used; it can be extracted
@@ -33,8 +34,11 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 
 --format=<fmt>::
-	Format of the resulting archive: 'tar' or 'zip'.  The default
-	is 'tar'.
+	Format of the resulting archive: 'tar' or 'zip'. If this option
+	is not given, and the output file is specified, the format is
+	inferred from the filename if possible (e.g. writing to "foo.zip"
+	makes the output to be in the zip format). Otherwise the output
+	format is `tar`.
 
 -l::
 --list::
@@ -47,12 +51,19 @@ OPTIONS
 --prefix=<prefix>/::
 	Prepend <prefix>/ to each filename in the archive.
 
+-o <file>::
+--output=<file>::
+	Write the archive to <file> instead of stdout.
+
+--worktree-attributes::
+	Look for attributes in .gitattributes in working directory too.
+
 <extra>::
-	This can be any options that the archiver backend understand.
+	This can be any options that the archiver backend understands.
 	See next section.
 
 --remote=<repo>::
-	Instead of making a tar archive from local repository,
+	Instead of making a tar archive from the local repository,
 	retrieve a tar archive from a remote repository.
 
 --exec=<git-upload-archive>::
@@ -63,8 +74,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	The tree or commit to produce an archive for.
 
 path::
-	If one or more paths are specified, include only these in the
-	archive, otherwise include all files and subdirectories.
+	Without an optional path parameter, all files and subdirectories
+	of the current working directory are included in the archive.
+	If one or more paths are specified, only these are included.
 
 BACKEND EXTRA OPTIONS
 ---------------------
@@ -88,12 +100,24 @@ tar.umask::
 	archiving user's umask will be used instead.  See umask(2) for
 	details.
 
+ATTRIBUTES
+----------
+
+export-ignore::
+	Files and directories with the attribute export-ignore won't be
+	added to archive files.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
+export-subst::
+	If the attribute export-subst is set for a file then git will
+	expand several placeholders when adding this file to an archive.
+	See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 git archive --format=tar --prefix=junk/ HEAD | (cd /var/tmp/ && tar xf -)::
 
 	Create a tar archive that contains the contents of the
-	latest commit on the current branch, and extracts it in
+	latest commit on the current branch, and extract it in the
 	`/var/tmp/junk` directory.
 
 git archive --format=tar --prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0 | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz::
@@ -110,6 +134,17 @@ git archive --format=zip --prefix=git-docs/ HEAD:Documentation/ > git-1.4.0-docs
 	Put everything in the current head's Documentation/ directory
 	into 'git-1.4.0-docs.zip', with the prefix 'git-docs/'.
 
+git archive -o latest.zip HEAD::
+
+	Create a Zip archive that contains the contents of the latest
+	commit on the current branch. Note that the output format is
+	inferred by the extension of the output file.
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitattributes[5]
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Franck Bui-Huu and Rene Scharfe.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b7b2e549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1358 @@
+Fighting regressions with git bisect
+====================================
+:Author: Christian Couder
+:Email: chriscool@tuxfamily.org
+:Date: 2009/11/08
+
+Abstract
+--------
+
+"git bisect" enables software users and developers to easily find the
+commit that introduced a regression. We show why it is important to
+have good tools to fight regressions. We describe how "git bisect"
+works from the outside and the algorithms it uses inside. Then we
+explain how to take advantage of "git bisect" to improve current
+practices. And we discuss how "git bisect" could improve in the
+future.
+
+
+Introduction to "git bisect"
+----------------------------
+
+Git is a Distributed Version Control system (DVCS) created by Linus
+Torvalds and maintained by Junio Hamano.
+
+In Git like in many other Version Control Systems (VCS), the different
+states of the data that is managed by the system are called
+commits. And, as VCS are mostly used to manage software source code,
+sometimes "interesting" changes of behavior in the software are
+introduced in some commits.
+
+In fact people are specially interested in commits that introduce a
+"bad" behavior, called a bug or a regression. They are interested in
+these commits because a commit (hopefully) contains a very small set
+of source code changes. And it's much easier to understand and
+properly fix a problem when you only need to check a very small set of
+changes, than when you don't know where look in the first place.
+
+So to help people find commits that introduce a "bad" behavior, the
+"git bisect" set of commands was invented. And it follows of course
+that in "git bisect" parlance, commits where the "interesting
+behavior" is present are called "bad" commits, while other commits are
+called "good" commits. And a commit that introduce the behavior we are
+interested in is called a "first bad commit". Note that there could be
+more than one "first bad commit" in the commit space we are searching.
+
+So "git bisect" is designed to help find a "first bad commit". And to
+be as efficient as possible, it tries to perform a binary search.
+
+
+Fighting regressions overview
+-----------------------------
+
+Regressions: a big problem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Regressions are a big problem in the software industry. But it's
+difficult to put some real numbers behind that claim.
+
+There are some numbers about bugs in general, like a NIST study in
+2002 <<1>> that said:
+
+_____________
+Software bugs, or errors, are so prevalent and so detrimental that
+they cost the U.S. economy an estimated $59.5 billion annually, or
+about 0.6 percent of the gross domestic product, according to a newly
+released study commissioned by the Department of Commerce's National
+Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). At the national level,
+over half of the costs are borne by software users and the remainder
+by software developers/vendors.  The study also found that, although
+all errors cannot be removed, more than a third of these costs, or an
+estimated $22.2 billion, could be eliminated by an improved testing
+infrastructure that enables earlier and more effective identification
+and removal of software defects. These are the savings associated with
+finding an increased percentage (but not 100 percent) of errors closer
+to the development stages in which they are introduced. Currently,
+over half of all errors are not found until "downstream" in the
+development process or during post-sale software use.
+_____________
+
+And then:
+
+_____________
+Software developers already spend approximately 80 percent of
+development costs on identifying and correcting defects, and yet few
+products of any type other than software are shipped with such high
+levels of errors.
+_____________
+
+Eventually the conclusion started with:
+
+_____________
+The path to higher software quality is significantly improved software
+testing.
+_____________
+
+There are other estimates saying that 80% of the cost related to
+software is about maintenance <<2>>.
+
+Though, according to Wikipedia <<3>>:
+
+_____________
+A common perception of maintenance is that it is merely fixing
+bugs. However, studies and surveys over the years have indicated that
+the majority, over 80%, of the maintenance effort is used for
+non-corrective actions (Pigosky 1997). This perception is perpetuated
+by users submitting problem reports that in reality are functionality
+enhancements to the system.
+_____________
+
+But we can guess that improving on existing software is very costly
+because you have to watch out for regressions. At least this would
+make the above studies consistent among themselves.
+
+Of course some kind of software is developed, then used during some
+time without being improved on much, and then finally thrown away. In
+this case, of course, regressions may not be a big problem. But on the
+other hand, there is a lot of big software that is continually
+developed and maintained during years or even tens of years by a lot
+of people. And as there are often many people who depend (sometimes
+critically) on such software, regressions are a really big problem.
+
+One such software is the linux kernel. And if we look at the linux
+kernel, we can see that a lot of time and effort is spent to fight
+regressions. The release cycle start with a 2 weeks long merge
+window. Then the first release candidate (rc) version is tagged. And
+after that about 7 or 8 more rc versions will appear with around one
+week between each of them, before the final release.
+
+The time between the first rc release and the final release is
+supposed to be used to test rc versions and fight bugs and especially
+regressions. And this time is more than 80% of the release cycle
+time. But this is not the end of the fight yet, as of course it
+continues after the release.
+
+And then this is what Ingo Molnar (a well known linux kernel
+developer) says about his use of git bisect:
+
+_____________
+I most actively use it during the merge window (when a lot of trees
+get merged upstream and when the influx of bugs is the highest) - and
+yes, there have been cases that i used it multiple times a day. My
+average is roughly once a day.
+_____________
+
+So regressions are fought all the time by developers, and indeed it is
+well known that bugs should be fixed as soon as possible, so as soon
+as they are found. That's why it is interesting to have good tools for
+this purpose.
+
+Other tools to fight regressions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+So what are the tools used to fight regressions? They are nearly the
+same as those used to fight regular bugs. The only specific tools are
+test suites and tools similar as "git bisect".
+
+Test suites are very nice. But when they are used alone, they are
+supposed to be used so that all the tests are checked after each
+commit. This means that they are not very efficient, because many
+tests are run for no interesting result, and they suffer from
+combinational explosion.
+
+In fact the problem is that big software often has many different
+configuration options and that each test case should pass for each
+configuration after each commit. So if you have for each release: N
+configurations, M commits and T test cases, you should perform:
+
+-------------
+N * M * T tests
+-------------
+
+where N, M and T are all growing with the size your software.
+
+So very soon it will not be possible to completely test everything.
+
+And if some bugs slip through your test suite, then you can add a test
+to your test suite. But if you want to use your new improved test
+suite to find where the bug slipped in, then you will either have to
+emulate a bisection process or you will perhaps bluntly test each
+commit backward starting from the "bad" commit you have which may be
+very wasteful.
+
+"git bisect" overview
+---------------------
+
+Starting a bisection
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The first "git bisect" subcommand to use is "git bisect start" to
+start the search. Then bounds must be set to limit the commit
+space. This is done usually by giving one "bad" and at least one
+"good" commit. They can be passed in the initial call to "git bisect
+start" like this:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect start [BAD [GOOD...]]
+-------------
+
+or they can be set using:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect bad [COMMIT]
+-------------
+
+and:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect good [COMMIT...]
+-------------
+
+where BAD, GOOD and COMMIT are all names that can be resolved to a
+commit.
+
+Then "git bisect" will checkout a commit of its choosing and ask the
+user to test it, like this:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect start v2.6.27 v2.6.25
+Bisecting: 10928 revisions left to test after this (roughly 14 steps)
+[2ec65f8b89ea003c27ff7723525a2ee335a2b393] x86: clean up using max_low_pfn on 32-bit
+-------------
+
+Note that the example that we will use is really a toy example, we
+will be looking for the first commit that has a version like
+"2.6.26-something", that is the commit that has a "SUBLEVEL = 26" line
+in the top level Makefile. This is a toy example because there are
+better ways to find this commit with git than using "git bisect" (for
+example "git blame" or "git log -S<string>").
+
+Driving a bisection manually
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+At this point there are basically 2 ways to drive the search. It can
+be driven manually by the user or it can be driven automatically by a
+script or a command.
+
+If the user is driving it, then at each step of the search, the user
+will have to test the current commit and say if it is "good" or "bad"
+using the "git bisect good" or "git bisect bad" commands respectively
+that have been described above. For example:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect bad
+Bisecting: 5480 revisions left to test after this (roughly 13 steps)
+[66c0b394f08fd89236515c1c84485ea712a157be] KVM: kill file->f_count abuse in kvm
+-------------
+
+And after a few more steps like that, "git bisect" will eventually
+find a first bad commit:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect bad
+2ddcca36c8bcfa251724fe342c8327451988be0d is the first bad commit
+commit 2ddcca36c8bcfa251724fe342c8327451988be0d
+Author: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
+Date:   Sat May 3 11:59:44 2008 -0700
+
+    Linux 2.6.26-rc1
+
+:100644 100644 5cf8258195331a4dbdddff08b8d68642638eea57 4492984efc09ab72ff6219a7bc21fb6a957c4cd5 M      Makefile
+-------------
+
+At this point we can see what the commit does, check it out (if it's
+not already checked out) or tinker with it, for example:
+
+-------------
+$ git show HEAD
+commit 2ddcca36c8bcfa251724fe342c8327451988be0d
+Author: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
+Date:   Sat May 3 11:59:44 2008 -0700
+
+    Linux 2.6.26-rc1
+
+diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
+index 5cf8258..4492984 100644
+--- a/Makefile
++++ b/Makefile
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ VERSION = 2
+ PATCHLEVEL = 6
+-SUBLEVEL = 25
+-EXTRAVERSION =
++SUBLEVEL = 26
++EXTRAVERSION = -rc1
+ NAME = Funky Weasel is Jiggy wit it
+
+ # *DOCUMENTATION*
+-------------
+
+And when we are finished we can use "git bisect reset" to go back to
+the branch we were in before we started bisecting:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect reset
+Checking out files: 100% (21549/21549), done.
+Previous HEAD position was 2ddcca3... Linux 2.6.26-rc1
+Switched to branch 'master'
+-------------
+
+Driving a bisection automatically
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The other way to drive the bisection process is to tell "git bisect"
+to launch a script or command at each bisection step to know if the
+current commit is "good" or "bad". To do that, we use the "git bisect
+run" command. For example:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect start v2.6.27 v2.6.25
+Bisecting: 10928 revisions left to test after this (roughly 14 steps)
+[2ec65f8b89ea003c27ff7723525a2ee335a2b393] x86: clean up using max_low_pfn on 32-bit
+$
+$ git bisect run grep '^SUBLEVEL = 25' Makefile
+running grep ^SUBLEVEL = 25 Makefile
+Bisecting: 5480 revisions left to test after this (roughly 13 steps)
+[66c0b394f08fd89236515c1c84485ea712a157be] KVM: kill file->f_count abuse in kvm
+running grep ^SUBLEVEL = 25 Makefile
+SUBLEVEL = 25
+Bisecting: 2740 revisions left to test after this (roughly 12 steps)
+[671294719628f1671faefd4882764886f8ad08cb] V4L/DVB(7879): Adding cx18 Support for mxl5005s
+...
+...
+running grep ^SUBLEVEL = 25 Makefile
+Bisecting: 0 revisions left to test after this (roughly 0 steps)
+[2ddcca36c8bcfa251724fe342c8327451988be0d] Linux 2.6.26-rc1
+running grep ^SUBLEVEL = 25 Makefile
+2ddcca36c8bcfa251724fe342c8327451988be0d is the first bad commit
+commit 2ddcca36c8bcfa251724fe342c8327451988be0d
+Author: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
+Date:   Sat May 3 11:59:44 2008 -0700
+
+    Linux 2.6.26-rc1
+
+:100644 100644 5cf8258195331a4dbdddff08b8d68642638eea57 4492984efc09ab72ff6219a7bc21fb6a957c4cd5 M      Makefile
+bisect run success
+-------------
+
+In this example, we passed "grep '^SUBLEVEL = 25' Makefile" as
+parameter to "git bisect run". This means that at each step, the grep
+command we passed will be launched. And if it exits with code 0 (that
+means success) then git bisect will mark the current state as
+"good". If it exits with code 1 (or any code between 1 and 127
+included, except the special code 125), then the current state will be
+marked as "bad".
+
+Exit code between 128 and 255 are special to "git bisect run". They
+make it stop immediately the bisection process. This is useful for
+example if the command passed takes too long to complete, because you
+can kill it with a signal and it will stop the bisection process.
+
+It can also be useful in scripts passed to "git bisect run" to "exit
+255" if some very abnormal situation is detected.
+
+Avoiding untestable commits
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Sometimes it happens that the current state cannot be tested, for
+example if it does not compile because there was a bug preventing it
+at that time. This is what the special exit code 125 is for. It tells
+"git bisect run" that the current commit should be marked as
+untestable and that another one should be chosen and checked out.
+
+If the bisection process is driven manually, you can use "git bisect
+skip" to do the same thing. (In fact the special exit code 125 makes
+"git bisect run" use "git bisect skip" in the background.)
+
+Or if you want more control, you can inspect the current state using
+for example "git bisect visualize". It will launch gitk (or "git log"
+if the DISPLAY environment variable is not set) to help you find a
+better bisection point.
+
+Either way, if you have a string of untestable commits, it might
+happen that the regression you are looking for has been introduced by
+one of these untestable commits. In this case it's not possible to
+tell for sure which commit introduced the regression.
+
+So if you used "git bisect skip" (or the run script exited with
+special code 125) you could get a result like this:
+
+-------------
+There are only 'skip'ped commits left to test.
+The first bad commit could be any of:
+15722f2fa328eaba97022898a305ffc8172db6b1
+78e86cf3e850bd755bb71831f42e200626fbd1e0
+e15b73ad3db9b48d7d1ade32f8cd23a751fe0ace
+070eab2303024706f2924822bfec8b9847e4ac1b
+We cannot bisect more!
+-------------
+
+Saving a log and replaying it
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you want to show other people your bisection process, you can get a
+log using for example:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect log > bisect_log.txt
+-------------
+
+And it is possible to replay it using:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect replay bisect_log.txt
+-------------
+
+
+"git bisect" details
+--------------------
+
+Bisection algorithm
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+As the Git commits form a directed acyclic graph (DAG), finding the
+best bisection commit to test at each step is not so simple. Anyway
+Linus found and implemented a "truly stupid" algorithm, later improved
+by Junio Hamano, that works quite well.
+
+So the algorithm used by "git bisect" to find the best bisection
+commit when there are no skipped commits is the following:
+
+1) keep only the commits that:
+
+a) are ancestor of the "bad" commit (including the "bad" commit itself),
+b) are not ancestor of a "good" commit (excluding the "good" commits).
+
+This means that we get rid of the uninteresting commits in the DAG.
+
+For example if we start with a graph like this:
+
+-------------
+G-Y-G-W-W-W-X-X-X-X
+	   \ /
+	    W-W-B
+	   /
+Y---G-W---W
+ \ /   \
+Y-Y     X-X-X-X
+
+-> time goes this way ->
+-------------
+
+where B is the "bad" commit, "G" are "good" commits and W, X, and Y
+are other commits, we will get the following graph after this first
+step:
+
+-------------
+W-W-W
+     \
+      W-W-B
+     /
+W---W
+-------------
+
+So only the W and B commits will be kept. Because commits X and Y will
+have been removed by rules a) and b) respectively, and because commits
+G are removed by rule b) too.
+
+Note for git users, that it is equivalent as keeping only the commit
+given by:
+
+-------------
+git rev-list BAD --not GOOD1 GOOD2...
+-------------
+
+Also note that we don't require the commits that are kept to be
+descendants of a "good" commit. So in the following example, commits W
+and Z will be kept:
+
+-------------
+G-W-W-W-B
+   /
+Z-Z
+-------------
+
+2) starting from the "good" ends of the graph, associate to each
+commit the number of ancestors it has plus one
+
+For example with the following graph where H is the "bad" commit and A
+and D are some parents of some "good" commits:
+
+-------------
+A-B-C
+     \
+      F-G-H
+     /
+D---E
+-------------
+
+this will give:
+
+-------------
+1 2 3
+A-B-C
+     \6 7 8
+      F-G-H
+1   2/
+D---E
+-------------
+
+3) associate to each commit: min(X, N - X)
+
+where X is the value associated to the commit in step 2) and N is the
+total number of commits in the graph.
+
+In the above example we have N = 8, so this will give:
+
+-------------
+1 2 3
+A-B-C
+     \2 1 0
+      F-G-H
+1   2/
+D---E
+-------------
+
+4) the best bisection point is the commit with the highest associated
+number
+
+So in the above example the best bisection point is commit C.
+
+5) note that some shortcuts are implemented to speed up the algorithm
+
+As we know N from the beginning, we know that min(X, N - X) can't be
+greater than N/2. So during steps 2) and 3), if we would associate N/2
+to a commit, then we know this is the best bisection point. So in this
+case we can just stop processing any other commit and return the
+current commit.
+
+Bisection algorithm debugging
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+For any commit graph, you can see the number associated with each
+commit using "git rev-list --bisect-all".
+
+For example, for the above graph, a command like:
+
+-------------
+$ git rev-list --bisect-all BAD --not GOOD1 GOOD2
+-------------
+
+would output something like:
+
+-------------
+e15b73ad3db9b48d7d1ade32f8cd23a751fe0ace (dist=3)
+15722f2fa328eaba97022898a305ffc8172db6b1 (dist=2)
+78e86cf3e850bd755bb71831f42e200626fbd1e0 (dist=2)
+a1939d9a142de972094af4dde9a544e577ddef0e (dist=2)
+070eab2303024706f2924822bfec8b9847e4ac1b (dist=1)
+a3864d4f32a3bf5ed177ddef598490a08760b70d (dist=1)
+a41baa717dd74f1180abf55e9341bc7a0bb9d556 (dist=1)
+9e622a6dad403b71c40979743bb9d5be17b16bd6 (dist=0)
+-------------
+
+Bisection algorithm discussed
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+First let's define "best bisection point". We will say that a commit X
+is a best bisection point or a best bisection commit if knowing its
+state ("good" or "bad") gives as much information as possible whether
+the state of the commit happens to be "good" or "bad".
+
+This means that the best bisection commits are the commits where the
+following function is maximum:
+
+-------------
+f(X) = min(information_if_good(X), information_if_bad(X))
+-------------
+
+where information_if_good(X) is the information we get if X is good
+and information_if_bad(X) is the information we get if X is bad.
+
+Now we will suppose that there is only one "first bad commit". This
+means that all its descendants are "bad" and all the other commits are
+"good". And we will suppose that all commits have an equal probability
+of being good or bad, or of being the first bad commit, so knowing the
+state of c commits gives always the same amount of information
+wherever these c commits are on the graph and whatever c is. (So we
+suppose that these commits being for example on a branch or near a
+good or a bad commit does not give more or less information).
+
+Let's also suppose that we have a cleaned up graph like one after step
+1) in the bisection algorithm above. This means that we can measure
+the information we get in terms of number of commit we can remove from
+the graph..
+
+And let's take a commit X in the graph.
+
+If X is found to be "good", then we know that its ancestors are all
+"good", so we want to say that:
+
+-------------
+information_if_good(X) = number_of_ancestors(X)  (TRUE)
+-------------
+
+And this is true because at step 1) b) we remove the ancestors of the
+"good" commits.
+
+If X is found to be "bad", then we know that its descendants are all
+"bad", so we want to say that:
+
+-------------
+information_if_bad(X) = number_of_descendants(X)  (WRONG)
+-------------
+
+But this is wrong because at step 1) a) we keep only the ancestors of
+the bad commit. So we get more information when a commit is marked as
+"bad", because we also know that the ancestors of the previous "bad"
+commit that are not ancestors of the new "bad" commit are not the
+first bad commit. We don't know if they are good or bad, but we know
+that they are not the first bad commit because they are not ancestor
+of the new "bad" commit.
+
+So when a commit is marked as "bad" we know we can remove all the
+commits in the graph except those that are ancestors of the new "bad"
+commit. This means that:
+
+-------------
+information_if_bad(X) = N - number_of_ancestors(X)  (TRUE)
+-------------
+
+where N is the number of commits in the (cleaned up) graph.
+
+So in the end this means that to find the best bisection commits we
+should maximize the function:
+
+-------------
+f(X) = min(number_of_ancestors(X), N - number_of_ancestors(X))
+-------------
+
+And this is nice because at step 2) we compute number_of_ancestors(X)
+and so at step 3) we compute f(X).
+
+Let's take the following graph as an example:
+
+-------------
+	    G-H-I-J
+	   /       \
+A-B-C-D-E-F         O
+	   \       /
+	    K-L-M-N
+-------------
+
+If we compute the following non optimal function on it:
+
+-------------
+g(X) = min(number_of_ancestors(X), number_of_descendants(X))
+-------------
+
+we get:
+
+-------------
+	    4 3 2 1
+	    G-H-I-J
+1 2 3 4 5 6/       \0
+A-B-C-D-E-F         O
+	   \       /
+	    K-L-M-N
+	    4 3 2 1
+-------------
+
+but with the algorithm used by git bisect we get:
+
+-------------
+	    7 7 6 5
+	    G-H-I-J
+1 2 3 4 5 6/       \0
+A-B-C-D-E-F         O
+	   \       /
+	    K-L-M-N
+	    7 7 6 5
+-------------
+
+So we chose G, H, K or L as the best bisection point, which is better
+than F. Because if for example L is bad, then we will know not only
+that L, M and N are bad but also that G, H, I and J are not the first
+bad commit (since we suppose that there is only one first bad commit
+and it must be an ancestor of L).
+
+So the current algorithm seems to be the best possible given what we
+initially supposed.
+
+Skip algorithm
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When some commits have been skipped (using "git bisect skip"), then
+the bisection algorithm is the same for step 1) to 3). But then we use
+roughly the following steps:
+
+6) sort the commit by decreasing associated value
+
+7) if the first commit has not been skipped, we can return it and stop
+here
+
+8) otherwise filter out all the skipped commits in the sorted list
+
+9) use a pseudo random number generator (PRNG) to generate a random
+number between 0 and 1
+
+10) multiply this random number with its square root to bias it toward
+0
+
+11) multiply the result by the number of commits in the filtered list
+to get an index into this list
+
+12) return the commit at the computed index
+
+Skip algorithm discussed
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+After step 7) (in the skip algorithm), we could check if the second
+commit has been skipped and return it if it is not the case. And in
+fact that was the algorithm we used from when "git bisect skip" was
+developed in git version 1.5.4 (released on February 1st 2008) until
+git version 1.6.4 (released July 29th 2009).
+
+But Ingo Molnar and H. Peter Anvin (another well known linux kernel
+developer) both complained that sometimes the best bisection points
+all happened to be in an area where all the commits are
+untestable. And in this case the user was asked to test many
+untestable commits, which could be very inefficient.
+
+Indeed untestable commits are often untestable because a breakage was
+introduced at one time, and that breakage was fixed only after many
+other commits were introduced.
+
+This breakage is of course most of the time unrelated to the breakage
+we are trying to locate in the commit graph. But it prevents us to
+know if the interesting "bad behavior" is present or not.
+
+So it is a fact that commits near an untestable commit have a high
+probability of being untestable themselves. And the best bisection
+commits are often found together too (due to the bisection algorithm).
+
+This is why it is a bad idea to just chose the next best unskipped
+bisection commit when the first one has been skipped.
+
+We found that most commits on the graph may give quite a lot of
+information when they are tested. And the commits that will not on
+average give a lot of information are the one near the good and bad
+commits.
+
+So using a PRNG with a bias to favor commits away from the good and
+bad commits looked like a good choice.
+
+One obvious improvement to this algorithm would be to look for a
+commit that has an associated value near the one of the best bisection
+commit, and that is on another branch, before using the PRNG. Because
+if such a commit exists, then it is not very likely to be untestable
+too, so it will probably give more information than a nearly randomly
+chosen one.
+
+Checking merge bases
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+There is another tweak in the bisection algorithm that has not been
+described in the "bisection algorithm" above.
+
+We supposed in the previous examples that the "good" commits were
+ancestors of the "bad" commit. But this is not a requirement of "git
+bisect".
+
+Of course the "bad" commit cannot be an ancestor of a "good" commit,
+because the ancestors of the good commits are supposed to be
+"good". And all the "good" commits must be related to the bad commit.
+They cannot be on a branch that has no link with the branch of the
+"bad" commit. But it is possible for a good commit to be related to a
+bad commit and yet not be neither one of its ancestor nor one of its
+descendants.
+
+For example, there can be a "main" branch, and a "dev" branch that was
+forked of the main branch at a commit named "D" like this:
+
+-------------
+A-B-C-D-E-F-G  <--main
+       \
+	H-I-J  <--dev
+-------------
+
+The commit "D" is called a "merge base" for branch "main" and "dev"
+because it's the best common ancestor for these branches for a merge.
+
+Now let's suppose that commit J is bad and commit G is good and that
+we apply the bisection algorithm like it has been previously
+described.
+
+As described in step 1) b) of the bisection algorithm, we remove all
+the ancestors of the good commits because they are supposed to be good
+too.
+
+So we would be left with only:
+
+-------------
+H-I-J
+-------------
+
+But what happens if the first bad commit is "B" and if it has been
+fixed in the "main" branch by commit "F"?
+
+The result of such a bisection would be that we would find that H is
+the first bad commit, when in fact it's B. So that would be wrong!
+
+And yes it's can happen in practice that people working on one branch
+are not aware that people working on another branch fixed a bug! It
+could also happen that F fixed more than one bug or that it is a
+revert of some big development effort that was not ready to be
+released.
+
+In fact development teams often maintain both a development branch and
+a maintenance branch, and it would be quite easy for them if "git
+bisect" just worked when they want to bisect a regression on the
+development branch that is not on the maintenance branch. They should
+be able to start bisecting using:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect start dev main
+-------------
+
+To enable that additional nice feature, when a bisection is started
+and when some good commits are not ancestors of the bad commit, we
+first compute the merge bases between the bad and the good commits and
+we chose these merge bases as the first commits that will be checked
+out and tested.
+
+If it happens that one merge base is bad, then the bisection process
+is stopped with a message like:
+
+-------------
+The merge base BBBBBB is bad.
+This means the bug has been fixed between BBBBBB and [GGGGGG,...].
+-------------
+
+where BBBBBB is the sha1 hash of the bad merge base and [GGGGGG,...]
+is a comma separated list of the sha1 of the good commits.
+
+If some of the merge bases are skipped, then the bisection process
+continues, but the following message is printed for each skipped merge
+base:
+
+-------------
+Warning: the merge base between BBBBBB and [GGGGGG,...] must be skipped.
+So we cannot be sure the first bad commit is between MMMMMM and BBBBBB.
+We continue anyway.
+-------------
+
+where BBBBBB is the sha1 hash of the bad commit, MMMMMM is the sha1
+hash of the merge base that is skipped and [GGGGGG,...]  is a comma
+separated list of the sha1 of the good commits.
+
+So if there is no bad merge base, the bisection process continues as
+usual after this step.
+
+Best bisecting practices
+------------------------
+
+Using test suites and git bisect together
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you both have a test suite and use git bisect, then it becomes less
+important to check that all tests pass after each commit. Though of
+course it is probably a good idea to have some checks to avoid
+breaking too many things because it could make bisecting other bugs
+more difficult.
+
+You can focus your efforts to check at a few points (for example rc
+and beta releases) that all the T test cases pass for all the N
+configurations. And when some tests don't pass you can use "git
+bisect" (or better "git bisect run"). So you should perform roughly:
+
+-------------
+c * N * T + b * M * log2(M) tests
+-------------
+
+where c is the number of rounds of test (so a small constant) and b is
+the ratio of bug per commit (hopefully a small constant too).
+
+So of course it's much better as it's O(N \* T) vs O(N \* T \* M) if
+you would test everything after each commit.
+
+This means that test suites are good to prevent some bugs from being
+committed and they are also quite good to tell you that you have some
+bugs. But they are not so good to tell you where some bugs have been
+introduced. To tell you that efficiently, git bisect is needed.
+
+The other nice thing with test suites, is that when you have one, you
+already know how to test for bad behavior. So you can use this
+knowledge to create a new test case for "git bisect" when it appears
+that there is a regression. So it will be easier to bisect the bug and
+fix it. And then you can add the test case you just created to your
+test suite.
+
+So if you know how to create test cases and how to bisect, you will be
+subject to a virtuous circle:
+
+more tests => easier to create tests => easier to bisect => more tests
+
+So test suites and "git bisect" are complementary tools that are very
+powerful and efficient when used together.
+
+Bisecting build failures
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can very easily automatically bisect broken builds using something
+like:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect start BAD GOOD
+$ git bisect run make
+-------------
+
+Passing sh -c "some commands" to "git bisect run"
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+For example:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect run sh -c "make || exit 125; ./my_app | grep 'good output'"
+-------------
+
+On the other hand if you do this often, then it can be worth having
+scripts to avoid too much typing.
+
+Finding performance regressions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Here is an example script that comes slightly modified from a real
+world script used by Junio Hamano <<4>>.
+
+This script can be passed to "git bisect run" to find the commit that
+introduced a performance regression:
+
+-------------
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Build errors are not what I am interested in.
+make my_app || exit 255
+
+# We are checking if it stops in a reasonable amount of time, so
+# let it run in the background...
+
+./my_app >log 2>&1 &
+
+# ... and grab its process ID.
+pid=$!
+
+# ... and then wait for sufficiently long.
+sleep $NORMAL_TIME
+
+# ... and then see if the process is still there.
+if kill -0 $pid
+then
+	# It is still running -- that is bad.
+	kill $pid; sleep 1; kill $pid;
+	exit 1
+else
+	# It has already finished (the $pid process was no more),
+	# and we are happy.
+	exit 0
+fi
+-------------
+
+Following general best practices
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+It is obviously a good idea not to have commits with changes that
+knowingly break things, even if some other commits later fix the
+breakage.
+
+It is also a good idea when using any VCS to have only one small
+logical change in each commit.
+
+The smaller the changes in your commit, the most effective "git
+bisect" will be. And you will probably need "git bisect" less in the
+first place, as small changes are easier to review even if they are
+only reviewed by the commiter.
+
+Another good idea is to have good commit messages. They can be very
+helpful to understand why some changes were made.
+
+These general best practices are very helpful if you bisect often.
+
+Avoiding bug prone merges
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+First merges by themselves can introduce some regressions even when
+the merge needs no source code conflict resolution. This is because a
+semantic change can happen in one branch while the other branch is not
+aware of it.
+
+For example one branch can change the semantic of a function while the
+other branch add more calls to the same function.
+
+This is made much worse if many files have to be fixed to resolve
+conflicts. That's why such merges are called "evil merges". They can
+make regressions very difficult to track down. It can even be
+misleading to know the first bad commit if it happens to be such a
+merge, because people might think that the bug comes from bad conflict
+resolution when it comes from a semantic change in one branch.
+
+Anyway "git rebase" can be used to linearize history. This can be used
+either to avoid merging in the first place. Or it can be used to
+bisect on a linear history instead of the non linear one, as this
+should give more information in case of a semantic change in one
+branch.
+
+Merges can be also made simpler by using smaller branches or by using
+many topic branches instead of only long version related branches.
+
+And testing can be done more often in special integration branches
+like linux-next for the linux kernel.
+
+Adapting your work-flow
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A special work-flow to process regressions can give great results.
+
+Here is an example of a work-flow used by Andreas Ericsson:
+
+* write, in the test suite, a test script that exposes the regression
+* use "git bisect run" to find the commit that introduced it
+* fix the bug that is often made obvious by the previous step
+* commit both the fix and the test script (and if needed more tests)
+
+And here is what Andreas said about this work-flow <<5>>:
+
+_____________
+To give some hard figures, we used to have an average report-to-fix
+cycle of 142.6 hours (according to our somewhat weird bug-tracker
+which just measures wall-clock time). Since we moved to git, we've
+lowered that to 16.2 hours. Primarily because we can stay on top of
+the bug fixing now, and because everyone's jockeying to get to fix
+bugs (we're quite proud of how lazy we are to let git find the bugs
+for us). Each new release results in ~40% fewer bugs (almost certainly
+due to how we now feel about writing tests).
+_____________
+
+Clearly this work-flow uses the virtuous circle between test suites
+and "git bisect". In fact it makes it the standard procedure to deal
+with regression.
+
+In other messages Andreas says that they also use the "best practices"
+described above: small logical commits, topic branches, no evil
+merge,... These practices all improve the bisectability of the commit
+graph, by making it easier and more useful to bisect.
+
+So a good work-flow should be designed around the above points. That
+is making bisecting easier, more useful and standard.
+
+Involving QA people and if possible end users
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+One nice about "git bisect" is that it is not only a developer
+tool. It can effectively be used by QA people or even end users (if
+they have access to the source code or if they can get access to all
+the builds).
+
+There was a discussion at one point on the linux kernel mailing list
+of whether it was ok to always ask end user to bisect, and very good
+points were made to support the point of view that it is ok.
+
+For example David Miller wrote <<6>>:
+
+_____________
+What people don't get is that this is a situation where the "end node
+principle" applies. When you have limited resources (here: developers)
+you don't push the bulk of the burden upon them. Instead you push
+things out to the resource you have a lot of, the end nodes (here:
+users), so that the situation actually scales.
+_____________
+
+This means that it is often "cheaper" if QA people or end users can do
+it.
+
+What is interesting too is that end users that are reporting bugs (or
+QA people that reproduced a bug) have access to the environment where
+the bug happens. So they can often more easily reproduce a
+regression. And if they can bisect, then more information will be
+extracted from the environment where the bug happens, which means that
+it will be easier to understand and then fix the bug.
+
+For open source projects it can be a good way to get more useful
+contributions from end users, and to introduce them to QA and
+development activities.
+
+Using complex scripts
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In some cases like for kernel development it can be worth developing
+complex scripts to be able to fully automate bisecting.
+
+Here is what Ingo Molnar says about that <<7>>:
+
+_____________
+i have a fully automated bootup-hang bisection script. It is based on
+"git-bisect run". I run the script, it builds and boots kernels fully
+automatically, and when the bootup fails (the script notices that via
+the serial log, which it continuously watches - or via a timeout, if
+the system does not come up within 10 minutes it's a "bad" kernel),
+the script raises my attention via a beep and i power cycle the test
+box. (yeah, i should make use of a managed power outlet to 100%
+automate it)
+_____________
+
+Combining test suites, git bisect and other systems together
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+We have seen that test suites an git bisect are very powerful when
+used together. It can be even more powerful if you can combine them
+with other systems.
+
+For example some test suites could be run automatically at night with
+some unusual (or even random) configurations. And if a regression is
+found by a test suite, then "git bisect" can be automatically
+launched, and its result can be emailed to the author of the first bad
+commit found by "git bisect", and perhaps other people too. And a new
+entry in the bug tracking system could be automatically created too.
+
+
+The future of bisecting
+-----------------------
+
+"git replace"
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+We saw earlier that "git bisect skip" is now using a PRNG to try to
+avoid areas in the commit graph where commits are untestable. The
+problem is that sometimes the first bad commit will be in an
+untestable area.
+
+To simplify the discussion we will suppose that the untestable area is
+a simple string of commits and that it was created by a breakage
+introduced by one commit (let's call it BBC for bisect breaking
+commit) and later fixed by another one (let's call it BFC for bisect
+fixing commit).
+
+For example:
+
+-------------
+...-Y-BBC-X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-BFC-Z-...
+-------------
+
+where we know that Y is good and BFC is bad, and where BBC and X1 to
+X6 are untestable.
+
+In this case if you are bisecting manually, what you can do is create
+a special branch that starts just before the BBC. The first commit in
+this branch should be the BBC with the BFC squashed into it. And the
+other commits in the branch should be the commits between BBC and BFC
+rebased on the first commit of the branch and then the commit after
+BFC also rebased on.
+
+For example:
+
+-------------
+      (BBC+BFC)-X1'-X2'-X3'-X4'-X5'-X6'-Z'
+     /
+...-Y-BBC-X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-BFC-Z-...
+-------------
+
+where commits quoted with ' have been rebased.
+
+You can easily create such a branch with Git using interactive rebase.
+
+For example using:
+
+-------------
+$ git rebase -i Y Z
+-------------
+
+and then moving BFC after BBC and squashing it.
+
+After that you can start bisecting as usual in the new branch and you
+should eventually find the first bad commit.
+
+For example:
+
+-------------
+$ git bisect start Z' Y
+-------------
+
+If you are using "git bisect run", you can use the same manual fix up
+as above, and then start another "git bisect run" in the special
+branch. Or as the "git bisect" man page says, the script passed to
+"git bisect run" can apply a patch before it compiles and test the
+software <<8>>. The patch should turn a current untestable commits
+into a testable one. So the testing will result in "good" or "bad" and
+"git bisect" will be able to find the first bad commit. And the script
+should not forget to remove the patch once the testing is done before
+exiting from the script.
+
+(Note that instead of a patch you can use "git cherry-pick BFC" to
+apply the fix, and in this case you should use "git reset --hard
+HEAD^" to revert the cherry-pick after testing and before returning
+from the script.)
+
+But the above ways to work around untestable areas are a little bit
+clunky. Using special branches is nice because these branches can be
+shared by developers like usual branches, but the risk is that people
+will get many such branches. And it disrupts the normal "git bisect"
+work-flow. So, if you want to use "git bisect run" completely
+automatically, you have to add special code in your script to restart
+bisection in the special branches.
+
+Anyway one can notice in the above special branch example that the Z'
+and Z commits should point to the same source code state (the same
+"tree" in git parlance). That's because Z' result from applying the
+same changes as Z just in a slightly different order.
+
+So if we could just "replace" Z by Z' when we bisect, then we would
+not need to add anything to a script. It would just work for anyone in
+the project sharing the special branches and the replacements.
+
+With the example above that would give:
+
+-------------
+      (BBC+BFC)-X1'-X2'-X3'-X4'-X5'-X6'-Z'-...
+     /
+...-Y-BBC-X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-BFC-Z
+-------------
+
+That's why the "git replace" command was created. Technically it
+stores replacements "refs" in the "refs/replace/" hierarchy. These
+"refs" are like branches (that are stored in "refs/heads/") or tags
+(that are stored in "refs/tags"), and that means that they can
+automatically be shared like branches or tags among developers.
+
+"git replace" is a very powerful mechanism. It can be used to fix
+commits in already released history, for example to change the commit
+message or the author. And it can also be used instead of git "grafts"
+to link a repository with another old repository.
+
+In fact it's this last feature that "sold" it to the git community, so
+it is now in the "master" branch of git's git repository and it should
+be released in git 1.6.5 in October or November 2009.
+
+One problem with "git replace" is that currently it stores all the
+replacements refs in "refs/replace/", but it would be perhaps better
+if the replacement refs that are useful only for bisecting would be in
+"refs/replace/bisect/". This way the replacement refs could be used
+only for bisecting, while other refs directly in "refs/replace/" would
+be used nearly all the time.
+
+Bisecting sporadic bugs
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Another possible improvement to "git bisect" would be to optionally
+add some redundancy to the tests performed so that it would be more
+reliable when tracking sporadic bugs.
+
+This has been requested by some kernel developers because some bugs
+called sporadic bugs do not appear in all the kernel builds because
+they are very dependent on the compiler output.
+
+The idea is that every 3 test for example, "git bisect" could ask the
+user to test a commit that has already been found to be "good" or
+"bad" (because one of its descendants or one of its ancestors has been
+found to be "good" or "bad" respectively). If it happens that a commit
+has been previously incorrectly classified then the bisection can be
+aborted early, hopefully before too many mistakes have been made. Then
+the user will have to look at what happened and then restart the
+bisection using a fixed bisect log.
+
+There is already a project called BBChop created by Ealdwulf Wuffinga
+on Github that does something like that using Bayesian Search Theory
+<<9>>:
+
+_____________
+BBChop is like 'git bisect' (or equivalent), but works when your bug
+is intermittent. That is, it works in the presence of false negatives
+(when a version happens to work this time even though it contains the
+bug). It assumes that there are no false positives (in principle, the
+same approach would work, but adding it may be non-trivial).
+_____________
+
+But BBChop is independent of any VCS and it would be easier for Git
+users to have something integrated in Git.
+
+Conclusion
+----------
+
+We have seen that regressions are an important problem, and that "git
+bisect" has nice features that complement very well practices and
+other tools, especially test suites, that are generally used to fight
+regressions. But it might be needed to change some work-flows and
+(bad) habits to get the most out of it.
+
+Some improvements to the algorithms inside "git bisect" are possible
+and some new features could help in some cases, but overall "git
+bisect" works already very well, is used a lot, and is already very
+useful. To back up that last claim, let's give the final word to Ingo
+Molnar when he was asked by the author how much time does he think
+"git bisect" saves him when he uses it:
+
+_____________
+a _lot_.
+
+About ten years ago did i do my first 'bisection' of a Linux patch
+queue. That was prior the Git (and even prior the BitKeeper) days. I
+literally days spent sorting out patches, creating what in essence
+were standalone commits that i guessed to be related to that bug.
+
+It was a tool of absolute last resort. I'd rather spend days looking
+at printk output than do a manual 'patch bisection'.
+
+With Git bisect it's a breeze: in the best case i can get a ~15 step
+kernel bisection done in 20-30 minutes, in an automated way. Even with
+manual help or when bisecting multiple, overlapping bugs, it's rarely
+more than an hour.
+
+In fact it's invaluable because there are bugs i would never even
+_try_ to debug if it wasn't for git bisect. In the past there were bug
+patterns that were immediately hopeless for me to debug - at best i
+could send the crash/bug signature to lkml and hope that someone else
+can think of something.
+
+And even if a bisection fails today it tells us something valuable
+about the bug: that it's non-deterministic - timing or kernel image
+layout dependent.
+
+So git bisect is unconditional goodness - and feel free to quote that
+;-)
+_____________
+
+Acknowledgements
+----------------
+
+Many thanks to Junio Hamano for his help in reviewing this paper, for
+reviewing the patches I sent to the git mailing list, for discussing
+some ideas and helping me improve them, for improving "git bisect" a
+lot and for his awesome work in maintaining and developing Git.
+
+Many thanks to Ingo Molnar for giving me very useful information that
+appears in this paper, for commenting on this paper, for his
+suggestions to improve "git bisect" and for evangelizing "git bisect"
+on the linux kernel mailing lists.
+
+Many thanks to Linus Torvalds for inventing, developing and
+evangelizing "git bisect", Git and Linux.
+
+Many thanks to the many other great people who helped one way or
+another when I worked on git, especially to Andreas Ericsson, Johannes
+Schindelin, H. Peter Anvin, Daniel Barkalow, Bill Lear, John Hawley,
+Shawn O. Pierce, Jeff King, Sam Vilain, Jon Seymour.
+
+Many thanks to the Linux-Kongress program committee for choosing the
+author to given a talk and for publishing this paper.
+
+References
+----------
+
+- [[[1]]] http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/releases/n02-10.htm['Software Errors Cost U.S. Economy $59.5 Billion Annually'. Nist News Release.]
+- [[[2]]] http://java.sun.com/docs/codeconv/html/CodeConventions.doc.html#16712['Code Conventions for the Java Programming Language'. Sun Microsystems.]
+- [[[3]]] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_maintenance['Software maintenance'. Wikipedia.]
+- [[[4]]] http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/45195/[Junio C Hamano. 'Automated bisect success story'. Gmane.]
+- [[[5]]] http://lwn.net/Articles/317154/[Christian Couder. 'Fully automated bisecting with "git bisect run"'. LWN.net.]
+- [[[6]]] http://lwn.net/Articles/277872/[Jonathan Corbet. 'Bisection divides users and developers'. LWN.net.]
+- [[[7]]] http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.scsi/36652/[Ingo Molnar. 'Re: BUG 2.6.23-rc3 can't see sd partitions on Alpha'. Gmane.]
+- [[[8]]] http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-bisect.html[Junio C Hamano and the git-list. 'git-bisect(1) Manual Page'. Linux Kernel Archives.]
+- [[[9]]] http://github.com/Ealdwulf/bbchop[Ealdwulf. 'bbchop'. GitHub.]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
index 39034ec7d..c39d957c3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-bisect(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-bisect - Find the change that introduced a bug by binary search
+git-bisect - Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ on the subcommand:
  git bisect start [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...]
  git bisect bad [<rev>]
  git bisect good [<rev>...]
- git bisect skip [<rev>...]
- git bisect reset [<branch>]
+ git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...]
+ git bisect reset [<commit>]
  git bisect visualize
  git bisect replay <logfile>
  git bisect log
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ help" or "git bisect -h" to get a long usage description.
 Basic bisect commands: start, bad, good
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The way you use it is:
+Using the Linux kernel tree as an example, basic use of the bisect
+command is as follows:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect start
@@ -48,61 +49,74 @@ $ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2    # v2.6.13-rc2 was the last version
                                  # tested that was good
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-When you give at least one bad and one good versions, it will bisect
-the revision tree and say something like:
+When you have specified at least one bad and one good version, the
+command bisects the revision tree and outputs something similar to
+the following:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and check out the state in the middle. Now, compile that kernel, and
-boot it. Now, let's say that this booted kernel works fine, then just
-do
+The state in the middle of the set of revisions is then checked out.
+You would now compile that kernel and boot it. If the booted kernel
+works correctly, you would then issue the following command:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect good			# this one is good
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-which will now say
+The output of this command would be something similar to the following:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-and you continue along, compiling that one, testing it, and depending
-on whether it is good or bad, you say "git bisect good" or "git bisect
-bad", and ask for the next bisection.
+You keep repeating this process, compiling the tree, testing it, and
+depending on whether it is good or bad issuing the command "git bisect good"
+or "git bisect bad" to ask for the next bisection.
 
-Until you have no more left, and you'll have been left with the first
-bad kernel rev in "refs/bisect/bad".
+Eventually there will be no more revisions left to bisect, and you
+will have been left with the first bad kernel revision in "refs/bisect/bad".
 
 Bisect reset
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Oh, and then after you want to reset to the original head, do a
+After a bisect session, to clean up the bisection state and return to
+the original HEAD, issue the following command:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git bisect reset
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-to get back to the original branch, instead of being on the bisection
-commit ("git bisect start" will do that for you too, actually: it will
-reset the bisection state).
+By default, this will return your tree to the commit that was checked
+out before `git bisect start`.  (A new `git bisect start` will also do
+that, as it cleans up the old bisection state.)
+
+With an optional argument, you can return to a different commit
+instead:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git bisect reset <commit>
+------------------------------------------------
+
+For example, `git bisect reset HEAD` will leave you on the current
+bisection commit and avoid switching commits at all, while `git bisect
+reset bisect/bad` will check out the first bad revision.
 
 Bisect visualize
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-During the bisection process, you can say
+To see the currently remaining suspects in 'gitk', issue the following
+command during the bisection process:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect visualize
 ------------
 
-to see the currently remaining suspects in 'gitk'.  `visualize` is a bit
-too long to type and `view` is provided as a synonym.
+`view` may also be used as a synonym for `visualize`.
 
-If 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
-instead.  You can even give command line options such as `-p` and
+If the 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
+instead.  You can also give command line options such as `-p` and
 `--stat`.
 
 ------------
@@ -112,73 +126,93 @@ $ git bisect view --stat
 Bisect log and bisect replay
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The good/bad input is logged, and
+After having marked revisions as good or bad, issue the following
+command to show what has been done so far:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect log
 ------------
 
-shows what you have done so far. You can truncate its output somewhere
-and save it in a file, and run
+If you discover that you made a mistake in specifying the status of a
+revision, you can save the output of this command to a file, edit it to
+remove the incorrect entries, and then issue the following commands to
+return to a corrected state:
 
 ------------
+$ git bisect reset
 $ git bisect replay that-file
 ------------
 
-if you find later you made a mistake telling good/bad about a
-revision.
-
-Avoiding to test a commit
+Avoiding testing a commit
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-If in a middle of bisect session, you know what the bisect suggested
-to try next is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
+If, in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the next suggested
+revision is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
 introduces is known not to work in your environment and you know it
 does not have anything to do with the bug you are chasing), you may
-want to find a near-by commit and try that instead.
+want to find a nearby commit and try that instead.
 
-It goes something like this:
+For example:
 
 ------------
-$ git bisect good/bad			# previous round was good/bad.
+$ git bisect good/bad			# previous round was good or bad.
 Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
 $ git bisect visualize			# oops, that is uninteresting.
-$ git reset --hard HEAD~3		# try 3 revs before what
+$ git reset --hard HEAD~3		# try 3 revisions before what
 					# was suggested
 ------------
 
-Then compile and test the one you chose to try. After that, tell
-bisect what the result was as usual.
+Then compile and test the chosen revision, and afterwards mark
+the revision as good or bad in the usual manner.
 
 Bisect skip
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you may just want git
-to do it for you using:
+Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you can ask git
+to do it for you by issuing the command:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect skip                 # Current version cannot be tested
 ------------
 
-But computing the commit to test may be slower afterwards and git may
-eventually not be able to tell the first bad among a bad and one or
-more "skip"ped commits.
+But git may eventually be unable to tell the first bad commit among
+a bad commit and one or more skipped commits.
+
+You can even skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
+using the "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" notation. For example:
+
+------------
+$ git bisect skip v2.5..v2.6
+------------
+
+This tells the bisect process that no commit after `v2.5`, up to and
+including `v2.6`, should be tested.
+
+Note that if you also want to skip the first commit of the range you
+would issue the command:
+
+------------
+$ git bisect skip v2.5 v2.5..v2.6
+------------
+
+This tells the bisect process that the commits between `v2.5` included
+and `v2.6` included should be skipped.
+
 
 Cutting down bisection by giving more parameters to bisect start
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-You can further cut down the number of trials if you know what part of
-the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by giving
-paths parameters when you say `bisect start`, like this:
+You can further cut down the number of trials, if you know what part of
+the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by specifying
+path parameters when issuing the `bisect start` command:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect start -- arch/i386 include/asm-i386
 ------------
 
-If you know beforehand more than one good commits, you can narrow the
-bisect space down without doing the whole tree checkout every time you
-give good commits. You give the bad revision immediately after `start`
-and then you give all the good revisions you have:
+If you know beforehand more than one good commit, you can narrow the
+bisect space down by specifying all of the good commits immediately after
+the bad commit when issuing the `bisect start` command:
 
 ------------
 $ git bisect start v2.6.20-rc6 v2.6.20-rc4 v2.6.20-rc1 --
@@ -190,38 +224,38 @@ Bisect run
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
 If you have a script that can tell if the current source code is good
-or bad, you can automatically bisect using:
+or bad, you can bisect by issuing the command:
 
 ------------
-$ git bisect run my_script
+$ git bisect run my_script arguments
 ------------
 
-Note that the "run" script (`my_script` in the above example) should
-exit with code 0 in case the current source code is good.  Exit with a
+Note that the script (`my_script` in the above example) should
+exit with code 0 if the current source code is good, and exit with a
 code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current
 source code is bad.
 
-Any other exit code will abort the automatic bisect process. (A
-program that does "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, see exit(3) manual page,
-the value is chopped with "& 0377".)
+Any other exit code will abort the bisect process. It should be noted
+that a program that terminates via "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, (see the
+exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with "& 0377".
 
 The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code
-cannot be tested. If the "run" script exits with this code, the current
-revision will be skipped, see `git bisect skip` above.
+cannot be tested. If the script exits with this code, the current
+revision will be skipped (see `git bisect skip` above).
 
-You may often find that during bisect you want to have near-constant
-tweaks (e.g., s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a header file, or
-"revision that does not have this commit needs this patch applied to
-work around other problem this bisection is not interested in")
-applied to the revision being tested.
+You may often find that during a bisect session you want to have
+temporary modifications (e.g. s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a
+header file, or "revision that does not have this commit needs this
+patch applied to work around another problem this bisection is not
+interested in") applied to the revision being tested.
 
 To cope with such a situation, after the inner 'git bisect' finds the
-next revision to test, with the "run" script, you can apply that tweak
-before compiling, run the real test, and after the test decides if the
-revision (possibly with the needed tweaks) passed the test, rewind the
-tree to the pristine state.  Finally the "run" script can exit with
-the status of the real test to let the "git bisect run" command loop to
-determine the outcome.
+next revision to test, the script can apply the patch
+before compiling, run the real test, and afterwards decide if the
+revision (possibly with the needed patch) passed the test and then
+rewind the tree to the pristine state.  Finally the script should exit
+with the status of the real test to let the "git bisect run" command loop
+determine the eventual outcome of the bisect session.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -233,44 +267,60 @@ $ git bisect start HEAD v1.2 --      # HEAD is bad, v1.2 is good
 $ git bisect run make                # "make" builds the app
 ------------
 
+* Automatically bisect a test failure between origin and HEAD:
++
+------------
+$ git bisect start HEAD origin --    # HEAD is bad, origin is good
+$ git bisect run make test           # "make test" builds and tests
+------------
+
 * Automatically bisect a broken test suite:
 +
 ------------
 $ cat ~/test.sh
 #!/bin/sh
-make || exit 125                   # this "skip"s broken builds
+make || exit 125                   # this skips broken builds
 make test                          # "make test" runs the test suite
 $ git bisect start v1.3 v1.1 --    # v1.3 is bad, v1.1 is good
 $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
 ------------
 +
 Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make"
-fails, we "skip" the current commit.
+fails, we skip the current commit.
 +
-It's safer to use a custom script outside the repo to prevent
+It is safer to use a custom script outside the repository to prevent
 interactions between the bisect, make and test processes and the
 script.
 +
-And "make test" should "exit 0", if the test suite passes, and
-"exit 1" (for example) otherwise.
+"make test" should "exit 0", if the test suite passes, and
+"exit 1" otherwise.
 
 * Automatically bisect a broken test case:
 +
 ------------
 $ cat ~/test.sh
 #!/bin/sh
-make || exit 125                     # this "skip"s broken builds
+make || exit 125                     # this skips broken builds
 ~/check_test_case.sh                 # does the test case passes ?
 $ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
 $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
 ------------
 +
-Here "check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0", if the test case passes,
-and "exit 1" (for example) otherwise.
+Here "check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes,
+and "exit 1" otherwise.
 +
-It's safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" scripts are
-outside the repo to prevent interactions between the bisect, make and
-test processes and the scripts.
+It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" scripts are
+outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect,
+make and test processes and the scripts.
+
+* Automatically bisect a broken test suite:
++
+------------
+$ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
+$ git bisect run sh -c "make || exit 125; ~/check_test_case.sh"
+------------
++
+Does the same as the previous example, but on a single line.
 
 Author
 ------
@@ -280,6 +330,11 @@ Documentation
 -------------
 Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+link:git-bisect-lk2009.html[Fighting regressions with git bisect],
+linkgit:git-blame[1].
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
index fba374d65..b786471dd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-p] [-w] [--incremental] [-L n,m]
-            [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
-            [<rev> | --contents <file>] [--] <file>
+	    [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
+	    [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>] [--] <file>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Annotates each line in the given file with information from the revision which
 last modified the line. Optionally, start annotating from the given revision.
 
-Also it can limit the range of lines annotated.
+The command can also limit the range of lines annotated.
 
-This report doesn't tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
+The report does not tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
 replaced; you need to use a tool such as 'git-diff' or the "pickaxe"
 interface briefly mentioned in the following paragraph.
 
@@ -48,26 +48,26 @@ include::blame-options.txt[]
 	lines between files (see `-C`) and lines moved within a
 	file (see `-M`).  The first number listed is the score.
 	This is the number of alphanumeric characters detected
-	to be moved between or within files.  This must be above
+	as having been moved between or within files.  This must be above
 	a certain threshold for 'git-blame' to consider those lines
 	of code to have been moved.
 
 -f::
 --show-name::
-	Show filename in the original commit.  By default
-	filename is shown if there is any line that came from a
-	file with different name, due to rename detection.
+	Show the filename in the original commit.  By default
+	the filename is shown if there is any line that came from a
+	file with a different name, due to rename detection.
 
 -n::
 --show-number::
-	Show line number in the original commit (Default: off).
+	Show the line number in the original commit (Default: off).
 
 -s::
-	Suppress author name and timestamp from the output.
+	Suppress the author name and timestamp from the output.
 
 -w::
-	Ignore whitespace when comparing parent's version and
-	child's to find where the lines came from.
+	Ignore whitespace when comparing the parent's version and
+	the child's to find where the lines came from.
 
 
 THE PORCELAIN FORMAT
@@ -79,17 +79,17 @@ header at the minimum has the first line which has:
 - 40-byte SHA-1 of the commit the line is attributed to;
 - the line number of the line in the original file;
 - the line number of the line in the final file;
-- on a line that starts a group of line from a different
+- on a line that starts a group of lines from a different
   commit than the previous one, the number of lines in this
   group.  On subsequent lines this field is absent.
 
 This header line is followed by the following information
 at least once for each commit:
 
-- author name ("author"), email ("author-mail"), time
+- the author name ("author"), email ("author-mail"), time
   ("author-time"), and timezone ("author-tz"); similarly
   for committer.
-- filename in the commit the line is attributed to.
+- the filename in the commit that the line is attributed to.
 - the first line of the commit log message ("summary").
 
 The contents of the actual line is output after the above
@@ -100,23 +100,23 @@ header elements later.
 SPECIFYING RANGES
 -----------------
 
-Unlike 'git-blame' and 'git-annotate' in older git, the extent
-of annotation can be limited to both line ranges and revision
+Unlike 'git-blame' and 'git-annotate' in older versions of git, the extent
+of the annotation can be limited to both line ranges and revision
 ranges.  When you are interested in finding the origin for
-ll. 40-60 for file `foo`, you can use `-L` option like these
+lines 40-60 for file `foo`, you can use the `-L` option like so
 (they mean the same thing -- both ask for 21 lines starting at
 line 40):
 
 	git blame -L 40,60 foo
 	git blame -L 40,+21 foo
 
-Also you can use regular expression to specify the line range.
+Also you can use a regular expression to specify the line range:
 
 	git blame -L '/^sub hello {/,/^}$/' foo
 
-would limit the annotation to the body of `hello` subroutine.
+which limits the annotation to the body of the `hello` subroutine.
 
-When you are not interested in changes older than the version
+When you are not interested in changes older than version
 v2.6.18, or changes older than 3 weeks, you can use revision
 range specifiers  similar to 'git-rev-list':
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ commit v2.6.18 or the most recent commit that is more than 3
 weeks old in the above example) are blamed for that range
 boundary commit.
 
-A particularly useful way is to see if an added file have lines
+A particularly useful way is to see if an added file has lines
 created by copy-and-paste from existing files.  Sometimes this
 indicates that the developer was being sloppy and did not
 refactor the code properly.  You can first find the commit that
@@ -162,26 +162,32 @@ annotated.
 +
 Line numbers count from 1.
 
-. The first time that commit shows up in the stream, it has various
+. The first time that a commit shows up in the stream, it has various
   other information about it printed out with a one-word tag at the
-  beginning of each line about that "extended commit info" (author,
-  email, committer, dates, summary etc).
+  beginning of each line describing the extra commit information (author,
+  email, committer, dates, summary, etc.).
 
-. Unlike Porcelain format, the filename information is always
+. Unlike the Porcelain format, the filename information is always
   given and terminates the entry:
 
 	"filename" <whitespace-quoted-filename-goes-here>
 +
-and thus it's really quite easy to parse for some line- and word-oriented
+and thus it is really quite easy to parse for some line- and word-oriented
 parser (which should be quite natural for most scripting languages).
 +
 [NOTE]
 For people who do parsing: to make it more robust, just ignore any
-lines in between the first and last one ("<sha1>" and "filename" lines)
-where you don't recognize the tag-words (or care about that particular
+lines between the first and last one ("<sha1>" and "filename" lines)
+where you do not recognize the tag words (or care about that particular
 one) at the beginning of the "extended information" lines. That way, if
 there is ever added information (like the commit encoding or extended
-commit commentary), a blame viewer won't ever care.
+commit commentary), a blame viewer will not care.
+
+
+MAPPING AUTHORS
+---------------
+
+include::mailmap.txt[]
 
 
 SEE ALSO
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index 6103d62fe..0e836809c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -18,22 +18,20 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-With no arguments, existing branches are listed, the current branch will
+With no arguments, existing branches are listed and the current branch will
 be highlighted with an asterisk.  Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking
 branches to be listed, and option `-a` shows both.
 
-With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contains the named commit
-(in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendant of the
+With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
+(in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
 named commit).  With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
 commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
 commit) will be listed.  With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
-the named commit will be listed.  Missing <commit> argument defaults to
-'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
+the named commit will be listed.  If the <commit> argument is missing it
+defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
 
-In its second form, a new branch named <branchname> will be created.
-It will start out with a head equal to the one given as <start-point>.
-If no <start-point> is given, the branch will be created with a head
-equal to that of the currently checked out branch.
+The command's second form creates a new branch head named <branchname>
+which points to the current 'HEAD', or <start-point> if given.
 
 Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
 working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
@@ -57,9 +55,9 @@ has a reflog then the reflog will also be deleted.
 
 Use -r together with -d to delete remote-tracking branches. Note, that it
 only makes sense to delete remote-tracking branches if they no longer exist
-in remote repository or if 'git-fetch' was configured not to fetch
-them again. See also 'prune' subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1] for way to
-clean up all obsolete remote-tracking branches.
+in the remote repository or if 'git-fetch' was configured not to fetch
+them again. See also the 'prune' subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1] for a
+way to clean up all obsolete remote-tracking branches.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -76,14 +74,15 @@ OPTIONS
 	based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
 
 -f::
-	Force the creation of a new branch even if it means deleting
-	a branch that already exists with the same name.
+--force::
+	Reset <branchname> to <startpoint> if <branchname> exists
+	already. Without `-f` 'git-branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
 
 -m::
 	Move/rename a branch and the corresponding reflog.
 
 -M::
-	Move/rename a branch even if the new branchname already exists.
+	Move/rename a branch even if the new branch name already exists.
 
 --color::
 	Color branches to highlight current, local, and remote branches.
@@ -100,38 +99,46 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -v::
 --verbose::
-	Show sha1 and commit subject line for each head.
+	Show sha1 and commit subject line for each head, along with
+	relationship to upstream branch (if any). If given twice, print
+	the name of the upstream branch, as well.
 
 --abbrev=<length>::
-	Alter minimum display length for sha1 in output listing,
-	default value is 7.
+	Alter the sha1's minimum display length in the output listing.
+	The default value is 7.
 
 --no-abbrev::
-	Display the full sha1s in output listing rather than abbreviating them.
+	Display the full sha1s in the output listing rather than abbreviating them.
 
+-t::
 --track::
-	When creating a new branch, set up configuration so that 'git-pull'
-	will automatically retrieve data from the start point, which must be
-	a branch. Use this if you always pull from the same upstream branch
-	into the new branch, and if you don't want to use "git pull
-	<repository> <refspec>" explicitly. This behavior is the default
-	when the start point is a remote branch. Set the
-	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you want
-	'git-checkout' and 'git-branch' to always behave as if '--no-track' were
-	given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
-	start-point is either a local or remote branch.
+	When creating a new branch, set up configuration to mark the
+	start-point branch as "upstream" from the new branch. This
+	configuration will tell git to show the relationship between the
+	two branches in `git status` and `git branch -v`. Furthermore,
+	it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
+	upstream when the new branch is checked out.
++
+This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote branch.
+Set the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you
+want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
+were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
+start-point is either a local or remote branch.
 
 --no-track::
-	Ignore the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable.
+	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
+	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
 
 --contains <commit>::
 	Only list branches which contain the specified commit.
 
---merged::
-	Only list branches which are fully contained by HEAD.
+--merged [<commit>]::
+	Only list branches whose tips are reachable from the
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
 
---no-merged::
-	Do not list branches which are fully contained by HEAD.
+--no-merged [<commit>]::
+	Only list branches whose tips are not reachable from the
+	specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
 
 <branchname>::
 	The name of the branch to create or delete.
@@ -140,22 +147,22 @@ OPTIONS
 	may restrict the characters allowed in a branch name.
 
 <start-point>::
-	The new branch will be created with a HEAD equal to this.  It may
-	be given as a branch name, a commit-id, or a tag.  If this option
-	is omitted, the current branch is assumed.
+	The new branch head will point to this commit.  It may be
+	given as a branch name, a commit-id, or a tag.  If this
+	option is omitted, the current HEAD will be used instead.
 
 <oldbranch>::
 	The name of an existing branch to rename.
 
 <newbranch>::
 	The new name for an existing branch. The same restrictions as for
-	<branchname> applies.
+	<branchname> apply.
 
 
 Examples
 --------
 
-Start development off of a known tag::
+Start development from a known tag::
 +
 ------------
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
@@ -167,7 +174,7 @@ $ git checkout my2.6.14
 <1> This step and the next one could be combined into a single step with
 "checkout -b my2.6.14 v2.6.14".
 
-Delete unneeded branch::
+Delete an unneeded branch::
 +
 ------------
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/.../git.git my.git
@@ -176,21 +183,21 @@ $ git branch -d -r origin/todo origin/html origin/man   <1>
 $ git branch -D test                                    <2>
 ------------
 +
-<1> Delete remote-tracking branches "todo", "html", "man". Next 'fetch' or
-'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to. See
-linkgit:git-fetch[1].
-<2> Delete "test" branch even if the "master" branch (or whichever branch is
-currently checked out) does not have all commits from test branch.
+<1> Delete the remote-tracking branches "todo", "html" and "man". The next
+'fetch' or 'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to.
+See linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+<2> Delete the "test" branch even if the "master" branch (or whichever branch
+is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch.
 
 
 Notes
 -----
 
-If you are creating a branch that you want to immediately checkout, it's
+If you are creating a branch that you want to checkout immediately, it is
 easier to use the git checkout command with its `-b` option to create
 a branch and check it out with a single command.
 
-The options `--contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged` serves three related
+The options `--contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged` serve three related
 but different purposes:
 
 - `--contains <commit>` is used to find all branches which will need
@@ -203,6 +210,14 @@ but different purposes:
 - `--no-merged` is used to find branches which are candidates for merging
   into HEAD, since those branches are not fully contained by HEAD.
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1],
+linkgit:git-fetch[1],
+linkgit:git-remote[1],
+link:user-manual.html#what-is-a-branch[``Understanding history: What is
+a branch?''] in the Git User's Manual.
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
index 1b66ab743..c3a066e60 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ DESCRIPTION
 
 Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
 machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
-be directly connected so the interactive git protocols (git, ssh,
-rsync, http) cannot be used.  This command provides support for
+be directly connected, and therefore the interactive git protocols (git,
+ssh, rsync, http) cannot be used.  This command provides support for
 'git-fetch' and 'git-pull' to operate by packaging objects and references
 in an archive at the originating machine, then importing those into
 another repository using 'git-fetch' and 'git-pull'
-after moving the archive by some means (i.e., by sneakernet).  As no
-direct connection between repositories exists, the user must specify a
+after moving the archive by some means (e.g., by sneakernet).  As no
+direct connection between the repositories exists, the user must specify a
 basis for the bundle that is held by the destination repository: the
 bundle assumes that all objects in the basis are already in the
 destination repository.
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ verify <file>::
        bundle format itself as well as checking that the prerequisite
        commits exist and are fully linked in the current repository.
        'git-bundle' prints a list of missing commits, if any, and exits
-       with non-zero status.
+       with a non-zero status.
 
 list-heads <file>::
        Lists the references defined in the bundle.  If followed by a
@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ list-heads <file>::
 unbundle <file>::
        Passes the objects in the bundle to 'git-index-pack'
        for storage in the repository, then prints the names of all
-       defined references. If a reflist is given, only references
-       matching those in the given list are printed. This command is
+       defined references. If a list of references is given, only
+       references matching those in the list are printed. This command is
        really plumbing, intended to be called only by 'git-fetch'.
 
 [git-rev-list-args...]::
        A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git-rev-parse' and
-       'git-rev-list', that specify the specific objects and references
-       to transport.  For example, "master~10..master" causes the
+       'git-rev-list', that specifies the specific objects and references
+       to transport.  For example, `master\~10..master` causes the
        current master reference to be packaged along with all objects
        added since its 10th ancestor commit.  There is no explicit
        limit to the number of references and objects that may be
@@ -71,98 +71,134 @@ unbundle <file>::
        A list of references used to limit the references reported as
        available. This is principally of use to 'git-fetch', which
        expects to receive only those references asked for and not
-       necessarily everything in the pack (in this case, 'git-bundle' is
-       acting like 'git-fetch-pack').
+       necessarily everything in the pack (in this case, 'git-bundle' acts
+       like 'git-fetch-pack').
 
 SPECIFYING REFERENCES
 ---------------------
 
 'git-bundle' will only package references that are shown by
 'git-show-ref': this includes heads, tags, and remote heads.  References
-such as master~1 cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
+such as `master\~1` cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
 defining the basis.  More than one reference may be packaged, and more
 than one basis can be specified.  The objects packaged are those not
 contained in the union of the given bases.  Each basis can be
-specified explicitly (e.g., ^master~10), or implicitly (e.g.,
-master~10..master, master --since=10.days.ago).
+specified explicitly (e.g. `^master\~10`), or implicitly (e.g.
+`master\~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
 
 It is very important that the basis used be held by the destination.
-It is okay to err on the side of conservatism, causing the bundle file
-to contain objects already in the destination as these are ignored
+It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
+to contain objects already in the destination, as these are ignored
 when unpacking at the destination.
 
 EXAMPLE
 -------
 
-Assume two repositories exist as R1 on machine A, and R2 on machine B.
+Assume you want to transfer the history from a repository R1 on machine A
+to another repository R2 on machine B.
 For whatever reason, direct connection between A and B is not allowed,
-but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc).
-We want to update R2 with developments made on branch master in R1.
+but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc.).
+We want to update R2 with development made on the branch master in R1.
 
-To create the bundle you have to specify the basis. You have some options:
+To bootstrap the process, you can first create a bundle that does not have
+any basis. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
+processed, in order to make it easy to later update the other repository
+with an incremental bundle:
 
-- Without basis.
-+
-This is useful when sending the whole history.
+----------------
+machineA$ cd R1
+machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle master
+machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master
-------------
+Then you transfer file.bundle to the target machine B. If you are creating
+the repository on machine B, then you can clone from the bundle as if it
+were a remote repository instead of creating an empty repository and then
+pulling or fetching objects from the bundle:
 
-- Using temporally tags.
-+
-We set a tag in R1 (lastR2bundle) after the previous such transport,
-and move it afterwards to help build the bundle.
+----------------
+machineB$ git clone /home/me/tmp/file.bundle R2
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master ^lastR2bundle
-$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
-------------
+This will define a remote called "origin" in the resulting repository that
+lets you fetch and pull from the bundle. The $GIT_DIR/config file in R2 will
+have an entry like this:
 
-- Using a tag present in both repositories
+------------------------
+[remote "origin"]
+    url = /home/me/tmp/file.bundle
+    fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
+------------------------
+
+To update the resulting mine.git repository, you can fetch or pull after
+replacing the bundle stored at /home/me/tmp/file.bundle with incremental
+updates.
+
+After working some more in the original repository, you can create an
+incremental bundle to update the other repository:
+
+----------------
+machineA$ cd R1
+machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle lastR2bundle..master
+machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
+----------------
+
+You then transfer the bundle to the other machine to replace
+/home/me/tmp/file.bundle, and pull from it.
+
+----------------
+machineB$ cd R2
+machineB$ git pull
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master ^v1.0.0
-------------
+If you know up to what commit the intended recipient repository should
+have the necessary objects, you can use that knowledge to specify the
+basis, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
+in the resulting bundle. The previous example used lastR2bundle tag
+for this purpose, but you can use any other options that you would give to
+the linkgit:git-log[1] command. Here are more examples:
 
-- A basis based on time.
+You can use a tag that is present in both:
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master --since=10.days.ago
-------------
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle v1.0.0..master
+----------------
 
-- With a limit on the number of commits
+You can use a basis based on time:
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master -n 10
-------------
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle --since=10.days master
+----------------
 
-Then you move mybundle from A to B, and in R2 on B:
+You can use the number of commits:
 
-------------
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle -10 master
+----------------
+
+You can run `git-bundle verify` to see if you can extract from a bundle
+that was created with a basis:
+
+----------------
 $ git bundle verify mybundle
-$ git fetch mybundle master:localRef
-------------
+----------------
 
-With something like this in the config in R2:
+This will list what commits you must have in order to extract from the
+bundle and will error out if you do not have them.
 
-------------------------
-[remote "bundle"]
-    url = /home/me/tmp/file.bdl
-    fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
-------------------------
+A bundle from a recipient repository's point of view is just like a
+regular repository which it fetches or pulls from. You can, for example, map
+references when fetching:
 
-You can first sneakernet the bundle file to ~/tmp/file.bdl and
-then these commands on machine B:
+----------------
+$ git fetch mybundle master:localRef
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git ls-remote bundle
-$ git fetch bundle
-$ git pull bundle
-------------
+You can also see what references it offers.
 
-would treat it as if it is talking with a remote side over the
-network.
+----------------
+$ git ls-remote mybundle
+----------------
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
index 668f697c2..58c8d6577 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cat-file.txt
@@ -3,30 +3,30 @@ git-cat-file(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-cat-file - Provide content or type/size information for repository objects
+git-cat-file - Provide content or type and size information for repository objects
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git cat-file' [-t | -s | -e | -p | <type>] <object>
-'git cat-file' [--batch | --batch-check] < <list-of-objects>
+'git cat-file' (-t | -s | -e | -p | <type>) <object>
+'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) < <list-of-objects>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-In the first form, provides content or type of objects in the repository. The
-type is required unless '-t' or '-p' is used to find the object type, or '-s'
-is used to find the object size.
+In its first form, the command provides the content or the type of an object in
+the repository. The type is required unless '-t' or '-p' is used to find the
+object type, or '-s' is used to find the object size.
 
-In the second form, a list of object (separated by LFs) is provided on stdin,
-and the SHA1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout.
+In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on
+stdin, and the SHA1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <object>::
 	The name of the object to show.
 	For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
-	"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
+	the "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
 -t::
 	Instead of the content, show the object type identified by
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments.
 
 --batch-check::
-	Print the SHA1, type, and size of each object provided on stdin. May not be
-	combined with any other options or arguments.
+	Print the SHA1, type, and size of each object provided on stdin. May not
+	be combined with any other options or arguments.
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
index 8c2ac12f5..50824e3a2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-attr.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-For every pathname, this command will list if each attr is 'unspecified',
+For every pathname, this command will list if each attribute is 'unspecified',
 'set', or 'unset' as a gitattribute on that pathname.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
 
 -z::
-	Only meaningful with `--stdin`; paths are separated with
-	NUL character instead of LF.
+	Only meaningful with `--stdin`; paths are separated with a
+	NUL character instead of a linefeed character.
 
 \--::
-	Interpret all preceding arguments as attributes, and all following
+	Interpret all preceding arguments as attributes and all following
 	arguments as path names. If not supplied, only the first argument will
 	be treated as an attribute.
 
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ OUTPUT
 The output is of the form:
 <path> COLON SP <attribute> COLON SP <info> LF
 
-Where <path> is the path of a file being queried, <attribute> is an attribute
+<path> is the path of a file being queried, <attribute> is an attribute
 being queried and <info> can be either:
 
 'unspecified';; when the attribute is not defined for the path.
-'unset';;	when the attribute is defined to false.
-'set';;		when the attribute is defined to true.
+'unset';;	when the attribute is defined as false.
+'set';;		when the attribute is defined as true.
 <value>;;	when a value has been assigned to the attribute.
 
 EXAMPLES
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ org/example/MyClass.java: diff: java
 org/example/MyClass.java: myAttr: set
 ---------------
 
-* Listing attribute for multiple files:
+* Listing an attribute for multiple files:
 ---------------
 $ git check-attr myAttr -- org/example/MyClass.java org/example/NoMyAttr.java
 org/example/MyClass.java: myAttr: set
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
index 034223cc5..3f7835f4a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
@@ -3,52 +3,92 @@ git-check-ref-format(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-check-ref-format - Make sure ref name is well formed
+git-check-ref-format - Ensures that a reference name is well formed
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
+[verse]
 'git check-ref-format' <refname>
+'git check-ref-format' --print <refname>
+'git check-ref-format' --branch <branchname-shorthand>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Checks if a given 'refname' is acceptable, and exits non-zero if
-it is not.
+Checks if a given 'refname' is acceptable, and exits with a non-zero
+status if it is not.
 
 A reference is used in git to specify branches and tags.  A
-branch head is stored under `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` directory, and
-a tag is stored under `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` directory.  git
-imposes the following rules on how refs are named:
+branch head is stored under the `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` directory, and
+a tag is stored under the `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` directory.  git
+imposes the following rules on how references are named:
 
-. It can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
+. They can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
   grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
-  dot `.`;
+  dot `.`.
 
-. It cannot have two consecutive dots `..` anywhere;
+. They must contain at least one `/`. This enforces the presence of a
+  category like `heads/`, `tags/` etc. but the actual names are not
+  restricted.
 
-. It cannot have ASCII control character (i.e. bytes whose
+. They cannot have two consecutive dots `..` anywhere.
+
+. They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
   values are lower than \040, or \177 `DEL`), space, tilde `~`,
   caret `{caret}`, colon `:`, question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`,
-  or open bracket `[` anywhere;
+  or open bracket `[` anywhere.
+
+. They cannot end with a slash `/` nor a dot `.`.
+
+. They cannot end with the sequence `.lock`.
 
-. It cannot end with a slash `/`.
+. They cannot contain a sequence `@{`.
 
-These rules makes it easy for shell script based tools to parse
-refnames, pathname expansion by the shell when a refname is used
+. They cannot contain a `\\`.
+
+These rules make it easy for shell script based tools to parse
+reference names, pathname expansion by the shell when a reference name is used
 unquoted (by mistake), and also avoids ambiguities in certain
-refname expressions (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]).  Namely:
+reference name expressions (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]):
 
-. double-dot `..` are often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
-  context this notation means `{caret}ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
-  ref1 and in ref2).
+. A double-dot `..` is often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
+  contexts this notation means `{caret}ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
+  `ref1` and in `ref2`).
 
-. tilde `~` and caret `{caret}` are used to introduce postfix
+. A tilde `~` and caret `{caret}` are used to introduce the postfix
   'nth parent' and 'peel onion' operation.
 
-. colon `:` is used as in `srcref:dstref` to mean "use srcref\'s
+. A colon `:` is used as in `srcref:dstref` to mean "use srcref\'s
   value and store it in dstref" in fetch and push operations.
   It may also be used to select a specific object such as with
   'git-cat-file': "git cat-file blob v1.3.3:refs.c".
 
+. at-open-brace `@{` is used as a notation to access a reflog entry.
+
+With the `--print` option, if 'refname' is acceptable, it prints the
+canonicalized name of a hypothetical reference with that name.  That is,
+it prints 'refname' with any extra `/` characters removed.
+
+With the `--branch` option, it expands the ``previous branch syntax''
+`@{-n}`.  For example, `@{-1}` is a way to refer the last branch you
+were on.  This option should be used by porcelains to accept this
+syntax anywhere a branch name is expected, so they can act as if you
+typed the branch name.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+* Print the name of the previous branch:
++
+------------
+$ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}
+------------
+
+* Determine the reference name to use for a new branch:
++
+------------
+$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --print "refs/heads/$newbranch") ||
+die "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
+------------
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index 168333a58..37c1810e3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -8,28 +8,29 @@ git-checkout - Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [--track | --no-track] [-b <new_branch> [-l]] [-m] [<branch>]
+'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [<branch>]
+'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [-b <new_branch>] [<start_point>]
 'git checkout' [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
+'git checkout' --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 When <paths> are not given, this command switches branches by
-updating the index and working tree to reflect the specified
-branch, <branch>, and updating HEAD to be <branch> or, if
-specified, <new_branch>.  Using -b will cause <new_branch> to
-be created; in this case you can use the --track or --no-track
-options, which will be passed to `git branch`.
+updating the index, working tree, and HEAD to reflect the specified
+branch.
 
-As a convenience, --track will default to create a branch whose
-name is constructed from the specified branch name by stripping
-the first namespace level.
+If `-b` is given, a new branch is created and checked out, as if
+linkgit:git-branch[1] were called; in this case you can
+use the --track or --no-track options, which will be passed to `git
+branch`.  As a convenience, --track without `-b` implies branch
+creation; see the description of --track below.
 
-When <paths> are given, this command does *not* switch
+When <paths> or --patch are given, this command does *not* switch
 branches.  It updates the named paths in the working tree from
-the index file, or from a named commit.  In
-this case, the `-b` options is meaningless and giving
-either of them results in an error.  <tree-ish> argument can be
+the index file, or from a named <tree-ish> (most often a commit).  In
+this case, the `-b` and `--track` options are meaningless and giving
+either of them results in an error. The <tree-ish> argument can be
 used to specify a specific tree-ish (i.e. commit, tag or tree)
 to update the index for the given paths before updating the
 working tree.
@@ -45,9 +46,11 @@ file can be discarded to recreate the original conflicted merge result.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -q::
+--quiet::
 	Quiet, suppress feedback messages.
 
 -f::
+--force::
 	When switching branches, proceed even if the index or the
 	working tree differs from HEAD.  This is used to throw away
 	local changes.
@@ -62,27 +65,16 @@ entries; instead, unmerged entries are ignored.
 
 -b::
 	Create a new branch named <new_branch> and start it at
-	<branch>.  The new branch name must pass all checks defined
-	by linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].  Some of these checks
-	may restrict the characters allowed in a branch name.
+	<start_point>; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
 
 -t::
 --track::
-	When creating a new branch, set up configuration so that 'git-pull'
-	will automatically retrieve data from the start point, which must be
-	a branch. Use this if you always pull from the same upstream branch
-	into the new branch, and if you don't want to use "git pull
-	<repository> <refspec>" explicitly. This behavior is the default
-	when the start point is a remote branch. Set the
-	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you want
-	'git-checkout' and 'git-branch' to always behave as if '--no-track' were
-	given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
-	start-point is either a local or remote branch.
+	When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
+	"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
 +
-If no '-b' option was given, the name of the new branch will be
-derived from the remote branch, by attempting to guess the name
-of the branch on remote system.  If "remotes/" or "refs/remotes/"
-are prefixed, it is stripped away, and then the part up to the
+If no '-b' option is given, the name of the new branch will be
+derived from the remote branch.  If "remotes/" or "refs/remotes/"
+is prefixed it is stripped away, and then the part up to the
 next slash (which would be the nickname of the remote) is removed.
 This would tell us to use "hack" as the local branch when branching
 off of "origin/hack" (or "remotes/origin/hack", or even
@@ -91,12 +83,12 @@ guessing results in an empty name, the guessing is aborted.  You can
 explicitly give a name with '-b' in such a case.
 
 --no-track::
-	Ignore the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable.
+	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
+	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
 
 -l::
-	Create the new branch's reflog.  This activates recording of
-	all changes made to the branch ref, enabling use of date
-	based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
+	Create the new branch's reflog; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for
+	details.
 
 -m::
 --merge::
@@ -124,15 +116,38 @@ the conflicted merge in the specified paths.
 	"merge" (default) and "diff3" (in addition to what is shown by
 	"merge" style, shows the original contents).
 
-<new_branch>::
-	Name for the new branch.
+-p::
+--patch::
+	Interactively select hunks in the difference between the
+	<tree-ish> (or the index, if unspecified) and the working
+	tree.  The chosen hunks are then applied in reverse to the
+	working tree (and if a <tree-ish> was specified, the index).
++
+This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard
+edits from your current working tree.
 
 <branch>::
-	Branch to checkout; may be any object ID that resolves to a
-	commit.  Defaults to HEAD.
+	Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that,
+	when prepended with "refs/heads/", is a valid ref), then that
+	branch is checked out. Otherwise, if it refers to a valid
+	commit, your HEAD becomes "detached" and you are no longer on
+	any branch (see below for details).
 +
-When this parameter names a non-branch (but still a valid commit object),
-your HEAD becomes 'detached'.
+As a special case, the `"@\{-N\}"` syntax for the N-th last branch
+checks out the branch (instead of detaching).  You may also specify
+`-` which is synonymous with `"@\{-1\}"`.
+
+<new_branch>::
+	Name for the new branch.
+
+<start_point>::
+	The name of a commit at which to start the new branch; see
+	linkgit:git-branch[1] for details. Defaults to HEAD.
+
+<tree-ish>::
+	Tree to checkout from (when paths are given). If not specified,
+	the index will be used.
+
 
 
 Detached HEAD
@@ -148,12 +163,12 @@ $ git checkout v2.6.18
 ------------
 
 Earlier versions of git did not allow this and asked you to
-create a temporary branch using `-b` option, but starting from
+create a temporary branch using the `-b` option, but starting from
 version 1.5.0, the above command 'detaches' your HEAD from the
-current branch and directly point at the commit named by the tag
-(`v2.6.18` in the above example).
+current branch and directly points at the commit named by the tag
+(`v2.6.18` in the example above).
 
-You can use usual git commands while in this state.  You can use
+You can use all git commands while in this state.  You can use
 `git reset --hard $othercommit` to further move around, for
 example.  You can make changes and create a new commit on top of
 a detached HEAD.  You can even create a merge by using `git
@@ -187,8 +202,8 @@ $ git checkout hello.c            <3>
 ------------
 +
 <1> switch branch
-<2> take out a file out of other commit
-<3> restore hello.c from HEAD of current branch
+<2> take a file out of another commit
+<3> restore hello.c from the index
 +
 If you have an unfortunate branch that is named `hello.c`, this
 step would be confused as an instruction to switch to that branch.
@@ -198,7 +213,7 @@ You should instead write:
 $ git checkout -- hello.c
 ------------
 
-. After working in a wrong branch, switching to the correct
+. After working in the wrong branch, switching to the correct
 branch would be done using:
 +
 ------------
@@ -206,7 +221,7 @@ $ git checkout mytopic
 ------------
 +
 However, your "wrong" branch and correct "mytopic" branch may
-differ in files that you have locally modified, in which case,
+differ in files that you have modified locally, in which case
 the above checkout would fail like this:
 +
 ------------
@@ -232,7 +247,6 @@ the `-m` option, you would see something like this:
 ------------
 $ git checkout -m mytopic
 Auto-merging frotz
-merge: warning: conflicts during merge
 ERROR: Merge conflict in frotz
 fatal: merge program failed
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
index 74d14c4e7..7deefdae8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-cherry - Find commits not merged upstream
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git cherry' [-v] <upstream> [<head>] [<limit>]
+'git cherry' [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 <upstream>::
 	Upstream branch to compare against.
+	Defaults to the first tracked remote branch, if available.
 
 <head>::
 	Working branch; defaults to HEAD.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clean.txt b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
index 8a114509f..9d291bdd2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clean.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
@@ -12,20 +12,27 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Removes files unknown to git.  This allows to clean the working tree
-from files that are not under version control.  If the '-x' option is
-specified, ignored files are also removed, allowing to remove all
-build products.
+
+Cleans the working tree by recursively removing files that are not
+under version control, starting from the current directory.
+
+Normally, only files unknown to git are removed, but if the '-x'
+option is specified, ignored files are also removed. This can, for
+example, be useful to remove all build products.
+
 If any optional `<path>...` arguments are given, only those paths
 are affected.
 
-
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -d::
 	Remove untracked directories in addition to untracked files.
+	If an untracked directory is managed by a different git
+	repository, it is not removed by default.  Use -f option twice
+	if you really want to remove such a directory.
 
 -f::
+--force::
 	If the git configuration specifies clean.requireForce as true,
 	'git-clean' will refuse to run unless given -f or -n.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index 95f08b911..7ccd742a8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -11,16 +11,17 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
 	  [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
-	  [-o <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
-	  [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
+	  [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
+	  [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
 Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
 remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
-(visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an initial
-branch equal to the cloned repository's currently active branch.
+(visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an
+initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
+currently active branch.
 
 After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
 all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --local::
 -l::
 	When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
-	this flag bypasses normal "git aware" transport
+	this flag bypasses the normal "git aware" transport
 	mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
 	HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
 	The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -s::
 	When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
 	instead of using hard links, automatically setup
-	.git/objects/info/alternates to share the objects
+	`.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
 	with the source repository.  The resulting repository
 	starts out without any object of its own.
 +
@@ -68,22 +69,30 @@ it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
 repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
 other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
-These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as 'git-commit')
+These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as `git commit`)
 which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
 If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
 then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
-
-
++
+Note that running `git repack` without the `-l` option in a repository
+cloned with `-s` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
+in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone -s`.
+It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `-l` option by
+default.
++
+If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
+its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
+objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 
 --reference <repository>::
-	If the reference repository is on the local machine
-	automatically setup .git/objects/info/alternates to
+	If the reference repository is on the local machine,
+	automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
 	obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
 	an already existing repository as an alternate will
 	require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
 	being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
 +
-*NOTE*: see NOTE to --shared option.
+*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option.
 
 --quiet::
 -q::
@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
 
 --verbose::
 -v::
-	Display the progressbar, even in case the standard output is not
+	Display the progress bar, even in case the standard output is not
 	a terminal.
 
 --no-checkout::
@@ -112,12 +121,19 @@ then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
 	configuration variables are created.
 
 --mirror::
-	Set up a mirror of the remote repository.  This implies --bare.
+	Set up a mirror of the remote repository.  This implies `--bare`.
 
 --origin <name>::
 -o <name>::
-	Instead of using the remote name 'origin' to keep track
-	of the upstream repository, use <name> instead.
+	Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track
+	of the upstream repository, use `<name>`.
+
+--branch <name>::
+-b <name>::
+	Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
+	to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch
+	instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
+	be checked out.
 
 --upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 -u <upload-pack>::
@@ -139,6 +155,14 @@ then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
 	with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 	as patches.
 
+--recursive::
+	After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
+	using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
+	`git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
+	the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned
+	repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
+	`--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
+
 <repository>::
 	The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
 	<<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
@@ -147,9 +171,9 @@ then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
 <directory>::
 	The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 	part of the source repository is used if no directory is
-	explicitly given ("repo" for "/path/to/repo.git" and "foo"
-	for "host.xz:foo/.git").  Cloning into an existing directory
-	is not allowed.
+	explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
+	for `host.xz:foo/.git`).  Cloning into an existing directory
+	is only allowed if the directory is empty.
 
 :git-clone: 1
 include::urls.txt[]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index 6203461f4..d227cec9b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-commit - Record changes to the repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git commit' [-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend]
-	   [(-c | -C) <commit>] [-F <file> | -m <msg>]
+'git commit' [-a | --interactive] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend] [--dry-run]
+	   [(-c | -C) <commit>] [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author]
 	   [--allow-empty] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
 	   [--cleanup=<mode>] [--] [[-i | -o ]<file>...]
 
@@ -42,10 +42,9 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways:
    by one which files should be part of the commit, before finalizing the
    operation.  Currently, this is done by invoking 'git-add --interactive'.
 
-The 'git-status' command can be used to obtain a
+The `--dry-run` option can be used to obtain a
 summary of what is included by any of the above for the next
-commit by giving the same set of parameters you would give to
-this command.
+commit by giving the same set of parameters (options and paths).
 
 If you make a commit and then find a mistake immediately after
 that, you can recover from it with 'git-reset'.
@@ -70,6 +69,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
 	the user can further edit the commit message.
 
+--reset-author::
+	When used with -C/-c/--amend options, declare that the
+	authorship of the resulting commit now belongs of the committer.
+	This also renews the author timestamp.
+
 -F <file>::
 --file=<file>::
 	Take the commit message from the given file.  Use '-' to
@@ -166,7 +170,7 @@ FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].)
 	'git-commit' if any paths are given on the command line,
 	in which case this option can be omitted.
 	If this option is specified together with '--amend', then
-	no paths need be specified, which can be used to amend
+	no paths need to be specified, which can be used to amend
 	the last commit without committing changes that have
 	already been staged.
 
@@ -198,6 +202,11 @@ specified.
 --quiet::
 	Suppress commit summary message.
 
+--dry-run::
+	Do not create a commit, but show a list of paths that are
+	to be committed, paths with local changes that will be left
+	uncommitted and paths that are untracked.
+
 \--::
 	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
 
@@ -319,7 +328,7 @@ ENVIRONMENT AND CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
 The editor used to edit the commit log message will be chosen from the
 GIT_EDITOR environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
 VISUAL environment variable, or the EDITOR environment variable (in that
-order).
+order).  See linkgit:git-var[1] for details.
 
 HOOKS
 -----
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index 28e186109..f68b19820 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] name [value [value_regex]]
 'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --add name value
-'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --replace-all name [value [value_regex]]
+'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --replace-all name value [value_regex]
 'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get name [value_regex]
 'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-all name [value_regex]
 'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-regexp name_regex [value_regex]
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git config' [<file-option>] [-z|--null] -l | --list
 'git config' [<file-option>] --get-color name [default]
 'git config' [<file-option>] --get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]
+'git config' [<file-option>] -e | --edit
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -68,7 +69,8 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --add::
 	Adds a new line to the option without altering any existing
-	values.  This is the same as providing '^$' as the value_regex.
+	values.  This is the same as providing '^$' as the value_regex
+	in `--replace-all`.
 
 --get::
 	Get the value for a given key (optionally filtered by a regex
@@ -130,6 +132,10 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 	in the config file will cause the value to be multiplied
 	by 1024, 1048576, or 1073741824 prior to output.
 
+--bool-or-int::
+	'git-config' will ensure that the output matches the format of
+	either --bool or --int, as described above.
+
 -z::
 --null::
 	For all options that output values and/or keys, always
@@ -150,13 +156,18 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 	When the color setting for `name` is undefined, the command uses
 	`color.ui` as fallback.
 
---get-color name default::
+--get-color name [default]::
 
 	Find the color configured for `name` (e.g. `color.diff.new`) and
 	output it as the ANSI color escape sequence to the standard
 	output.  The optional `default` parameter is used instead, if
 	there is no color configured for `name`.
 
+-e::
+--edit::
+	Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
+	'--system', '--global', or repository (default).
+
 [[FILES]]
 FILES
 -----
@@ -279,7 +290,7 @@ If you want to know all the values for a multivar, do:
 % git config --get-all core.gitproxy
 ------------
 
-If you like to live dangerous, you can replace *all* core.gitproxy by a
+If you like to live dangerously, you can replace *all* core.gitproxy by a
 new one with
 
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
index 2da8588f4..abaaf273b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsexportcommit.txt
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ OPTIONS
 -u::
 	Update affected files from CVS repository before attempting export.
 
+-k::
+	Reverse CVS keyword expansion (e.g. $Revision: 1.2.3.4$
+	becomes $Revision$) in working CVS checkout before applying patch.
+
 -w::
 	Specify the location of the CVS checkout to use for the export. This
 	option does not require GIT_DIR to be set before execution if the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
index b7a8c10b8..614e769f4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.
 Splitting the CVS log into patch sets is done by 'cvsps'.
 At least version 2.1 is required.
 
+*WARNING:* for certain situations the import leads to incorrect results.
+Please see the section <<issues,ISSUES>> for further reference.
+
 You should *never* do any work of your own on the branches that are
 created by 'git-cvsimport'.  By default initial import will create and populate a
 "master" branch from the CVS repository's main branch which you're free
@@ -62,7 +65,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -r <remote>::
 	The git remote to import this CVS repository into.
 	Moves all CVS branches into remotes/<remote>/<branch>
-	akin to the 'git-clone' "--use-separate-remote" option.
+	akin to the way 'git-clone' uses 'origin' by default.
 
 -o <branch-for-HEAD>::
 	When no remote is specified (via -r) the 'HEAD' branch
@@ -164,6 +167,39 @@ If '-v' is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
 Otherwise, success is indicated the Unix way, i.e. by simply exiting with
 a zero exit status.
 
+[[issues]]
+ISSUES
+------
+Problems related to timestamps:
+
+ * If timestamps of commits in the cvs repository are not stable enough
+   to be used for ordering commits changes may show up in the wrong
+   order.
+ * If any files were ever "cvs import"ed more than once (e.g., import of
+   more than one vendor release) the HEAD contains the wrong content.
+ * If the timestamp order of different files cross the revision order
+   within the commit matching time window the order of commits may be
+   wrong.
+
+Problems related to branches:
+
+ * Branches on which no commits have been made are not imported.
+ * All files from the branching point are added to a branch even if
+   never added in cvs.
+ * This applies to files added to the source branch *after* a daughter
+   branch was created: if previously no commit was made on the daughter
+   branch they will erroneously be added to the daughter branch in git.
+
+Problems related to tags:
+
+* Multiple tags on the same revision are not imported.
+
+If you suspect that any of these issues may apply to the repository you
+want to import consider using these alternative tools which proved to be
+more stable in practice:
+
+* cvs2git (part of cvs2svn), `http://cvs2svn.tigris.org`
+* parsecvs, `http://cgit.freedesktop.org/~keithp/parsecvs`
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
index 785779e22..99a7c1470 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
@@ -182,10 +182,9 @@ Database Backend
 ----------------
 
 'git-cvsserver' uses one database per git head (i.e. CVS module) to
-store information about the repository for faster access. The
-database doesn't contain any persistent data and can be completely
-regenerated from the git repository at any time. The database
-needs to be updated (i.e. written to) after every commit.
+store information about the repository to maintain consistent
+CVS revision numbers. The database needs to be
+updated (i.e. written to) after every commit.
 
 If the commit is done directly by using `git` (as opposed to
 using 'git-cvsserver') the update will need to happen on the
@@ -204,6 +203,18 @@ write so it might not be enough to grant the users using
 'git-cvsserver' write access to the database file without granting
 them write access to the directory, too.
 
+The database can not be reliably regenerated in a
+consistent form after the branch it is tracking has changed.
+Example: For merged branches, 'git-cvsserver' only tracks
+one branch of development, and after a 'git-merge' an
+incrementally updated database may track a different branch
+than a database regenerated from scratch, causing inconsistent
+CVS revision numbers. `git-cvsserver` has no way of knowing which
+branch it would have picked if it had been run incrementally
+pre-merge. So if you have to fully or partially (from old
+backup) regenerate the database, you should be suspicious
+of pre-existing CVS sandboxes.
+
 You can configure the database backend with the following
 configuration variables:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
index f1a570a87..a85121c68 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	'git-daemon' will refuse to start when this option is enabled and no
 	whitelist is specified.
 
---base-path::
+--base-path=path::
 	Remap all the path requests as relative to the given path.
 	This is sort of "GIT root" - if you run 'git-daemon' with
 	'--base-path=/srv/git' on example.com, then if you later try to pull
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	Incompatible with --port, --listen, --user and --group options.
 
 --listen=host_or_ipaddr::
-	Listen on an a specific IP address or hostname.  IP addresses can
-	be either an IPv4 address or an IPV6 address if supported.  If IPv6
+	Listen on a specific IP address or hostname.  IP addresses can
+	be either an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address if supported.  If IPv6
 	is not supported, then --listen=hostname is also not supported and
 	--listen must be given an IPv4 address.
 	Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
@@ -90,17 +90,17 @@ OPTIONS
 --port=n::
 	Listen on an alternative port.  Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
 
---init-timeout::
+--init-timeout=n::
 	Timeout between the moment the connection is established and the
 	client request is received (typically a rather low value, since
 	that should be basically immediate).
 
---timeout::
+--timeout=n::
 	Timeout for specific client sub-requests. This includes the time
-	it takes for the server to process the sub-request and time spent
-	waiting for next client's request.
+	it takes for the server to process the sub-request and the time spent
+	waiting for the next client's request.
 
---max-connections::
+--max-connections=n::
 	Maximum number of concurrent clients, defaults to 32.  Set it to
 	zero for no limit.
 
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --user-path::
 --user-path=path::
-	Allow ~user notation to be used in requests.  When
+	Allow {tilde}user notation to be used in requests.  When
 	specified with no parameter, requests to
-	git://host/~alice/foo is taken as a request to access
+	git://host/{tilde}alice/foo is taken as a request to access
 	'foo' repository in the home directory of user `alice`.
 	If `--user-path=path` is specified, the same request is
 	taken as a request to access `path/foo` repository in
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ the facility of inet daemon to achieve the same before spawning
 	Enable/disable the service site-wide per default.  Note
 	that a service disabled site-wide can still be enabled
 	per repository if it is marked overridable and the
-	repository enables the service with an configuration
+	repository enables the service with a configuration
 	item.
 
 --allow-override=service::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index 3d79f0599..78b9808aa 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ git-describe - Show the most recent tag that is reachable from a commit
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
+[verse]
 'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] <committish>...
+'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] --dirty[=<mark>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -27,6 +29,11 @@ OPTIONS
 <committish>...::
 	Committish object names to describe.
 
+--dirty[=<mark>]::
+	Describe the working tree.
+	It means describe HEAD and appends <mark> (`-dirty` by
+	default) if the working tree is dirty.
+
 --all::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any ref
 	found in `.git/refs/`.  This option enables matching
@@ -43,8 +50,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	Automatically implies --tags.
 
 --abbrev=<n>::
-	Instead of using the default 8 hexadecimal digits as the
-	abbreviated object name, use <n> digits.
+	Instead of using the default 7 hexadecimal digits as the
+	abbreviated object name, use <n> digits, or as many digits
+	as needed to form a unique object name.  An <n> of 0
+	will suppress long format, only showing the closest tag.
 
 --candidates=<n>::
 	Instead of considering only the 10 most recent tags as
@@ -68,8 +77,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	This is useful when you want to see parts of the commit object name
 	in "describe" output, even when the commit in question happens to be
 	a tagged version.  Instead of just emitting the tag name, it will
-	describe such a commit as v1.2-0-deadbeef (0th commit since tag v1.2
-	that points at object deadbeef....).
+	describe such a commit as v1.2-0-gdeadbee (0th commit since tag v1.2
+	that points at object deadbee....).
 
 --match <pattern>::
 	Only consider tags matching the given pattern (can be used to avoid
@@ -87,7 +96,7 @@ With something like git.git current tree, I get:
 	v1.0.4-14-g2414721
 
 i.e. the current head of my "parent" branch is based on v1.0.4,
-but since it has a handful commits on top of that,
+but since it has a few commits on top of that,
 describe has added the number of additional commits ("14") and
 an abbreviated object name for the commit itself ("2414721")
 at the end.
@@ -108,7 +117,7 @@ the output shows the reference path as well:
 	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git describe --all --abbrev=4 v1.0.5^2
 	tags/v1.0.0-21-g975b
 
-	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git describe --all HEAD^
+	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git describe --all --abbrev=4 HEAD^
 	heads/lt/describe-7-g975b
 
 With --abbrev set to 0, the command can be used to find the
@@ -117,6 +126,13 @@ closest tagname without any suffix:
 	[torvalds@g5 git]$ git describe --abbrev=0 v1.0.5^2
 	tags/v1.0.0
 
+Note that the suffix you get if you type these commands today may be
+longer than what Linus saw above when he ran these commands, as your
+git repository may have new commits whose object names begin with
+975b that did not exist back then, and "-g975b" suffix alone may not
+be sufficient to disambiguate these commits.
+
+
 SEARCH STRATEGY
 ---------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
index 5c8c1d95a..4ef03578e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-files.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 include::diff-options.txt[]
 
--1 -2 -3 or --base --ours --theirs, and -0::
+-1 --base::
+-2 --ours::
+-3 --theirs::
+-0::
 	Diff against the "base" version, "our branch" or "their
 	branch" respectively.  With these options, diffs for
 	merged entries are not shown.
@@ -40,8 +43,7 @@ omit diff output for unmerged entries and just show "Unmerged".
 -q::
 	Remain silent even on nonexistent files
 
-Output format
--------------
+
 include::diff-format.txt[]
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
index 26920d4f6..8b9ed2929 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-index.txt
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	'git-diff-index' say that all non-checked-out files are up
 	to date.
 
-Output format
--------------
 include::diff-format.txt[]
 
 Operating Modes
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
index 5d48664e6..f2cef1260 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff-tree.txt
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	show tree entry itself as well as subtrees.  Implies -r.
 
 --root::
-	When '--root' is specified the initial commit will be showed as a big
+	When '--root' is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
 	creation event. This is equivalent to a diff against the NULL tree.
 
 --stdin::
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ and terminated by a newline) is printed before the difference.  When
 comparing commits, the ID of the first (or only) commit, followed by a
 newline, is printed.
 +
-The following flags further affects the behavior when comparing
+The following flags further affect the behavior when comparing
 commits (but not trees).
 
 -m::
@@ -159,8 +159,7 @@ HEAD commits it finds, which is even more interesting.
 
 in case you care).
 
-Output format
--------------
+
 include::diff-format.txt[]
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
index a2f192fb7..0ac711230 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
@@ -84,8 +84,7 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
 	names and get diff for all files under them).
 
-Output format
--------------
+
 include::diff-format.txt[]
 
 EXAMPLES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8e9aed67d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+git-difftool(1)
+===============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-difftool - Show changes using common diff tools
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git difftool' [--tool=<tool>] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [<'git diff' options>]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+'git-difftool' is a git command that allows you to compare and edit files
+between revisions using common diff tools.  'git difftool' is a frontend
+to 'git-diff' and accepts the same options and arguments.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-y::
+--no-prompt::
+	Do not prompt before launching a diff tool.
+
+--prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
+	This is the default behaviour; the option is provided to
+	override any configuration settings.
+
+-t <tool>::
+--tool=<tool>::
+	Use the diff tool specified by <tool>.
+	Valid merge tools are:
+	kdiff3, kompare, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff,
+	ecmerge, diffuse, opendiff, p4merge and araxis.
++
+If a diff tool is not specified, 'git-difftool'
+will use the configuration variable `diff.tool`.  If the
+configuration variable `diff.tool` is not set, 'git-difftool'
+will pick a suitable default.
++
+You can explicitly provide a full path to the tool by setting the
+configuration variable `difftool.<tool>.path`. For example, you
+can configure the absolute path to kdiff3 by setting
+`difftool.kdiff3.path`. Otherwise, 'git-difftool' assumes the
+tool is available in PATH.
++
+Instead of running one of the known diff tools,
+'git-difftool' can be customized to run an alternative program
+by specifying the command line to invoke in a configuration
+variable `difftool.<tool>.cmd`.
++
+When 'git-difftool' is invoked with this tool (either through the
+`-t` or `--tool` option or the `diff.tool` configuration variable)
+the configured command line will be invoked with the following
+variables available: `$LOCAL` is set to the name of the temporary
+file containing the contents of the diff pre-image and `$REMOTE`
+is set to the name of the temporary file containing the contents
+of the diff post-image.  `$BASE` is provided for compatibility
+with custom merge tool commands and has the same value as `$LOCAL`.
+
+See linkgit:git-diff[1] for the full list of supported options.
+
+CONFIG VARIABLES
+----------------
+'git-difftool' falls back to 'git-mergetool' config variables when the
+difftool equivalents have not been defined.
+
+diff.tool::
+	The default diff tool to use.
+
+difftool.<tool>.path::
+	Override the path for the given tool.  This is useful in case
+	your tool is not in the PATH.
+
+difftool.<tool>.cmd::
+	Specify the command to invoke the specified diff tool.
++
+See the `--tool=<tool>` option above for more details.
+
+difftool.prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-diff[1]::
+	 Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
+
+linkgit:git-mergetool[1]::
+	Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts
+
+linkgit:git-config[1]::
+	 Get and set repository or global options
+
+
+AUTHOR
+------
+Written by David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by David Aguilar and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
index b974e2115..75b06f33e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
 This program dumps the given revisions in a form suitable to be piped
 into 'git-fast-import'.
 
-You can use it as a human readable bundle replacement (see
+You can use it as a human-readable bundle replacement (see
 linkgit:git-bundle[1]), or as a kind of an interactive
 'git-filter-branch'.
 
@@ -36,6 +36,17 @@ when encountering a signed tag.  With 'strip', the tags will be made
 unsigned, with 'verbatim', they will be silently exported
 and with 'warn', they will be exported, but you will see a warning.
 
+--tag-of-filtered-object=(abort|drop|rewrite)::
+	Specify how to handle tags whose tagged objectis filtered out.
+	Since revisions and files to export can be limited by path,
+	tagged objects may be filtered completely.
++
+When asking to 'abort' (which is the default), this program will die
+when encountering such a tag.  With 'drop' it will omit such tags from
+the output.  With 'rewrite', if the tagged object is a commit, it will
+rewrite the tag to tag an ancestor commit (via parent rewriting; see
+linkgit:git-rev-list[1])
+
 -M::
 -C::
 	Perform move and/or copy detection, as described in the
@@ -65,6 +76,26 @@ If the backend uses a similar \--import-marks file, this allows for
 incremental bidirectional exporting of the repository by keeping the
 marks the same across runs.
 
+--fake-missing-tagger::
+	Some old repositories have tags without a tagger.  The
+	fast-import protocol was pretty strict about that, and did not
+	allow that.  So fake a tagger to be able to fast-import the
+	output.
+
+--no-data::
+	Skip output of blob objects and instead refer to blobs via
+	their original SHA-1 hash.  This is useful when rewriting the
+	directory structure or history of a repository without
+	touching the contents of individual files.  Note that the
+	resulting stream can only be used by a repository which
+	already contains the necessary objects.
+
+[git-rev-list-args...]::
+       A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git-rev-parse' and
+       'git-rev-list', that specifies the specific objects and references
+       to export.  For example, `master\~10..master` causes the
+       current master reference to be exported along with all objects
+       added since its 10th ancestor commit.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
index c2f483a8d..e6d364f53 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
@@ -311,12 +311,12 @@ change to the project.
 ....
 	'commit' SP <ref> LF
 	mark?
-	('author' SP <name> SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF)?
-	'committer' SP <name> SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF
+	('author' (SP <name>)? SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF)?
+	'committer' (SP <name>)? SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF
 	data
 	('from' SP <committish> LF)?
 	('merge' SP <committish> LF)?
-	(filemodify | filedelete | filecopy | filerename | filedeleteall)*
+	(filemodify | filedelete | filecopy | filerename | filedeleteall | notemodify)*
 	LF?
 ....
 
@@ -339,14 +339,13 @@ commit message use a 0 length data.  Commit messages are free-form
 and are not interpreted by Git.  Currently they must be encoded in
 UTF-8, as fast-import does not permit other encodings to be specified.
 
-Zero or more `filemodify`, `filedelete`, `filecopy`, `filerename`
-and `filedeleteall` commands
+Zero or more `filemodify`, `filedelete`, `filecopy`, `filerename`,
+`filedeleteall` and `notemodify` commands
 may be included to update the contents of the branch prior to
 creating the commit.  These commands may be supplied in any order.
 However it is recommended that a `filedeleteall` command precede
-all `filemodify`, `filecopy` and `filerename` commands in the same
-commit, as `filedeleteall`
-wipes the branch clean (see below).
+all `filemodify`, `filecopy`, `filerename` and `notemodify` commands in
+the same commit, as `filedeleteall` wipes the branch clean (see below).
 
 The `LF` after the command is optional (it used to be required).
 
@@ -595,6 +594,40 @@ more memory per active branch (less than 1 MiB for even most large
 projects); so frontends that can easily obtain only the affected
 paths for a commit are encouraged to do so.
 
+`notemodify`
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+Included in a `commit` command to add a new note (annotating a given
+commit) or change the content of an existing note.  This command has
+two different means of specifying the content of the note.
+
+External data format::
+	The data content for the note was already supplied by a prior
+	`blob` command.  The frontend just needs to connect it to the
+	commit that is to be annotated.
++
+....
+	'N' SP <dataref> SP <committish> LF
+....
++
+Here `<dataref>` can be either a mark reference (`:<idnum>`)
+set by a prior `blob` command, or a full 40-byte SHA-1 of an
+existing Git blob object.
+
+Inline data format::
+	The data content for the note has not been supplied yet.
+	The frontend wants to supply it as part of this modify
+	command.
++
+....
+	'N' SP 'inline' SP <committish> LF
+	data
+....
++
+See below for a detailed description of the `data` command.
+
+In both formats `<committish>` is any of the commit specification
+expressions also accepted by `from` (see above).
+
 `mark`
 ~~~~~~
 Arranges for fast-import to save a reference to the current object, allowing
@@ -624,7 +657,7 @@ lightweight (non-annotated) tags see the `reset` command below.
 ....
 	'tag' SP <name> LF
 	'from' SP <committish> LF
-	'tagger' SP <name> SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF
+	'tagger' (SP <name>)? SP LT <email> GT SP <when> LF
 	data
 ....
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
index d3164c5c8..9b9e5686e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt
@@ -10,11 +10,17 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 'git fetch' <options> <repository> <refspec>...
 
+'git fetch' <options> <group>
+
+'git fetch' --multiple <options> [<repository> | <group>]...
+
+'git fetch' --all <options>
+
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Fetches named heads or tags from another repository, along with
-the objects necessary to complete them.
+Fetches named heads or tags from one or more other repositories,
+along with the objects necessary to complete them.
 
 The ref names and their object names of fetched refs are stored
 in `.git/FETCH_HEAD`.  This information is left for a later merge
@@ -28,6 +34,10 @@ pointed by remote tags that it does not yet have, then fetch
 those missing tags.  If the other end has tags that point at
 branches you are not interested in, you will not get them.
 
+'git fetch' can fetch from either a single named repository, or
+or from several repositories at once if <group> is given and
+there is a remotes.<group> entry in the configuration file.
+(See linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -37,6 +47,35 @@ include::pull-fetch-param.txt[]
 
 include::urls-remotes.txt[]
 
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+* Update the remote-tracking branches:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git fetch origin
+------------------------------------------------
++
+The above command copies all branches from the remote refs/heads/
+namespace and stores them to the local refs/remotes/origin/ namespace,
+unless the branch.<name>.fetch option is used to specify a non-default
+refspec.
+
+* Using refspecs explicitly:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git fetch origin +pu:pu maint:tmp
+------------------------------------------------
++
+This updates (or creates, as necessary) branches `pu` and `tmp` in
+the local repository by fetching from the branches (respectively)
+`pu` and `maint` from the remote repository.
++
+The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not fast-forward,
+because it is prefixed with a plus sign; `tmp` will not be.
+
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-pull[1]
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index fed6de6a7..394a77a35 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	[--index-filter <command>] [--parent-filter <command>]
 	[--msg-filter <command>] [--commit-filter <command>]
 	[--tag-name-filter <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>]
+	[--prune-empty]
 	[--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force]
 	[--] [<rev-list options>...]
 
@@ -31,6 +32,9 @@ changes, which would normally have no effect.  Nevertheless, this may be
 useful in the future for compensating for some git bugs or such,
 therefore such a usage is permitted.
 
+*NOTE*: This command honors `.git/info/grafts`. If you have any grafts
+defined, running this command will make them permanent.
+
 *WARNING*! The rewritten history will have different object names for all
 the objects and will not converge with the original branch.  You will not
 be able to easily push and distribute the rewritten branch on top of the
@@ -91,7 +95,9 @@ OPTIONS
 --index-filter <command>::
 	This is the filter for rewriting the index.  It is similar to the
 	tree filter but does not check out the tree, which makes it much
-	faster.  For hairy cases, see linkgit:git-update-index[1].
+	faster.  Frequently used with `git rm \--cached
+	\--ignore-unmatch ...`, see EXAMPLES below.  For hairy
+	cases, see linkgit:git-update-index[1].
 
 --parent-filter <command>::
 	This is the filter for rewriting the commit's parent list.
@@ -122,6 +128,10 @@ You can use the 'map' convenience function in this filter, and other
 convenience functions, too.  For example, calling 'skip_commit "$@"'
 will leave out the current commit (but not its changes! If you want
 that, use 'git-rebase' instead).
++
+You can also use the 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' instead of
+'git commit-tree "$@"' if you don't wish to keep commits with a single parent
+and that makes no change to the tree.
 
 --tag-name-filter <command>::
 	This is the filter for rewriting tag names. When passed,
@@ -149,7 +159,28 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
 --subdirectory-filter <directory>::
 	Only look at the history which touches the given subdirectory.
 	The result will contain that directory (and only that) as its
-	project root.
+	project root.  Implies --remap-to-ancestor.
+
+--remap-to-ancestor::
+	Rewrite refs to the nearest rewritten ancestor instead of
+	ignoring them.
++
+Normally, positive refs on the command line are only changed if the
+commit they point to was rewritten.  However, you can limit the extent
+of this rewriting by using linkgit:rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path
+limiters.  Refs pointing to such excluded commits would then normally
+be ignored.  With this option, they are instead rewritten to point at
+the nearest ancestor that was not excluded.
+
+--prune-empty::
+	Some kind of filters will generate empty commits, that left the tree
+	untouched.  This switch allow git-filter-branch to ignore such
+	commits.  Though, this switch only applies for commits that have one
+	and only one parent, it will hence keep merges points. Also, this
+	option is not compatible with the use of '--commit-filter'. Though you
+	just need to use the function 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' instead
+	of the 'git commit-tree "$@"' idiom in your commit filter to make that
+	happen.
 
 --original <namespace>::
 	Use this option to set the namespace where the original commits
@@ -190,10 +221,14 @@ However, if the file is absent from the tree of some commit,
 a simple `rm filename` will fail for that tree and commit.
 Thus you may instead want to use `rm -f filename` as the script.
 
-A significantly faster version:
+Using `\--index-filter` with 'git-rm' yields a significantly faster
+version.  Like with using `rm filename`, `git rm --cached filename`
+will fail if the file is absent from the tree of a commit.  If you
+want to "completely forget" a file, it does not matter when it entered
+history, so we also add `\--ignore-unmatch`:
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-git filter-branch --index-filter 'git rm --cached filename' HEAD
+git filter-branch --index-filter 'git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch filename' HEAD
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Now, you will get the rewritten history saved in HEAD.
@@ -282,6 +317,16 @@ range in addition to the new branch name.  The new branch name will
 point to the top-most revision that a 'git-rev-list' of this range
 will print.
 
+If you need to add 'Acked-by' lines to, say, the last 10 commits (none
+of which is a merge), use this command:
+
+--------------------------------------------------------
+git filter-branch --msg-filter '
+	cat &&
+	echo "Acked-by: Bugs Bunny <bunny@bugzilla.org>"
+' HEAD~10..HEAD
+--------------------------------------------------------
+
 *NOTE* the changes introduced by the commits, and which are not reverted
 by subsequent commits, will still be in the rewritten branch. If you want
 to throw out _changes_ together with the commits, you should use the
@@ -320,6 +365,47 @@ git filter-branch --index-filter \
 ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
+
+Checklist for Shrinking a Repository
+------------------------------------
+
+git-filter-branch is often used to get rid of a subset of files,
+usually with some combination of `\--index-filter` and
+`\--subdirectory-filter`.  People expect the resulting repository to
+be smaller than the original, but you need a few more steps to
+actually make it smaller, because git tries hard not to lose your
+objects until you tell it to.  First make sure that:
+
+* You really removed all variants of a filename, if a blob was moved
+  over its lifetime.  `git log \--name-only \--follow \--all \--
+  filename` can help you find renames.
+
+* You really filtered all refs: use `\--tag-name-filter cat \--
+  \--all` when calling git-filter-branch.
+
+Then there are two ways to get a smaller repository.  A safer way is
+to clone, that keeps your original intact.
+
+* Clone it with `git clone +++file:///path/to/repo+++`.  The clone
+  will not have the removed objects.  See linkgit:git-clone[1].  (Note
+  that cloning with a plain path just hardlinks everything!)
+
+If you really don't want to clone it, for whatever reasons, check the
+following points instead (in this order).  This is a very destructive
+approach, so *make a backup* or go back to cloning it.  You have been
+warned.
+
+* Remove the original refs backed up by git-filter-branch: say `git
+  for-each-ref \--format="%(refname)" refs/original/ | xargs -n 1 git
+  update-ref -d`.
+
+* Expire all reflogs with `git reflog expire \--expire=now \--all`.
+
+* Garbage collect all unreferenced objects with `git gc \--prune=now`
+  (or if your git-gc is not new enough to support arguments to
+  `\--prune`, use `git repack -ad; git prune` instead).
+
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Petr "Pasky" Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
index 1c24796d6..a586950b4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ Takes the list of merged objects on stdin and produces a suitable
 commit message to be used for the merge commit, usually to be
 passed as the '<merge-message>' argument of 'git-merge'.
 
-This script is intended mostly for internal use by scripts
-automatically invoking 'git-merge'.
+This command is intended mostly for internal use by scripts
+automatically invoking 'git merge'.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index 5061d3e4e..8dc873fd4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ For all objects, the following names can be used:
 refname::
 	The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
 	For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append `:short`.
+	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
+	abbreviation mode.
 
 objecttype::
 	The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
@@ -85,6 +87,11 @@ objectsize::
 objectname::
 	The object name (aka SHA-1).
 
+upstream::
+	The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream''
+	from the displayed ref. Respects `:short` in the same way as
+	`refname` above.
+
 In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
 be used to specify the value in the header field.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index 11a7d7726..f1fd0df08 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git format-patch' [-k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
-		   [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>]]
-		   [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>]
+'git format-patch' [-k] [(-o|--output-directory) <dir> | --stdout]
+		   [--no-thread | --thread[=<style>]]
+		   [(--attach|--inline)[=<boundary>] | --no-attach]
+		   [-s | --signoff]
 		   [-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered]
 		   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
 		   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
 		   [--cc=<email>]
 		   [--cover-letter]
+		   [<common diff options>]
 		   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -39,34 +41,30 @@ There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
    REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
    commits in the specified range.
 
-A single commit, when interpreted as a <revision range>
-expression, means "everything that leads to that commit", but
-if you write 'git format-patch <commit>', the previous rule
-applies to that command line and you do not get "everything
-since the beginning of the time".  If you want to format
-everything since project inception to one commit, say "git
-format-patch \--root <commit>" to make it clear that it is the
-latter case.  If you want to format a single commit, you can do
-this with "git format-patch -1 <commit>".
+The first rule takes precedence in the case of a single <commit>.  To
+apply the second rule, i.e., format everything since the beginning of
+history up until <commit>, use the '\--root' option: `git format-patch
+\--root <commit>`.  If you want to format only <commit> itself, you
+can do this with `git format-patch -1 <commit>`.
 
 By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
 first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
-the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
+the filename. With the `--numbered-files` option, the output file names
 will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
 The names of the output files are printed to standard
-output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
+output, unless the `--stdout` option is specified.
 
-If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
+If `-o` is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
 they are created in the current working directory.
 
 By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] First Line" and
 the subject when multiple patches are output is "[PATCH n/m] First
-Line". To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use -n.  To omit
-patch numbers from the subject, use -N
+Line". To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use `-n`.  To omit
+patch numbers from the subject, use `-N`.
 
-If given --thread, 'git-format-patch' will generate In-Reply-To and
-References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
-as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
+If given `--thread`, `git-format-patch` will generate `In-Reply-To` and
+`References` headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
+as replies to the first mail; this also generates a `Message-Id` header to
 reference.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -96,7 +94,6 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 --numbered-files::
 	Output file names will be a simple number sequence
 	without the default first line of the commit appended.
-	Mutually exclusive with the --stdout option.
 
 -k::
 --keep-subject::
@@ -115,20 +112,40 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 --attach[=<boundary>]::
 	Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 	which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
-	second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
+	second part, with `Content-Disposition: attachment`.
+
+--no-attach::
+	Disable the creation of an attachment, overriding the
+	configuration setting.
 
 --inline[=<boundary>]::
 	Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 	which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
-	second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
-
---thread::
-	Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
-	subsequent mails appear as replies to the first.  Also generates
-	the Message-Id header to reference.
+	second part, with `Content-Disposition: inline`.
+
+--thread[=<style>]::
+--no-thread::
+	Controls addition of `In-Reply-To` and `References` headers to
+	make the second and subsequent mails appear as replies to the
+	first.  Also controls generation of the `Message-Id` header to
+	reference.
++
+The optional <style> argument can be either `shallow` or `deep`.
+'shallow' threading makes every mail a reply to the head of the
+series, where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
+`\--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.  'deep'
+threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
++
+The default is `--no-thread`, unless the 'format.thread' configuration
+is set.  If `--thread` is specified without a style, it defaults to the
+style specified by 'format.thread' if any, or else `shallow`.
++
+Beware that the default for 'git send-email' is to thread emails
+itself.  If you want `git format-patch` to take care of threading, you
+will want to ensure that threading is disabled for `git send-email`.
 
 --in-reply-to=Message-Id::
-	Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
+	Make the first mail (or all the mails with `--no-thread`) appear as a
 	reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
 	provide a new patch series.
 
@@ -143,11 +160,16 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
 	line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
 	allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
-	combined with the --numbered option.
+	combined with the `--numbered` option.
 
 --cc=<email>::
-	Add a "Cc:" header to the email headers. This is in addition
+	Add a `Cc:` header to the email headers. This is in addition
+	to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
+
+--add-header=<header>::
+	Add an arbitrary header to the email headers.  This is in addition
 	to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
+	For example, `--add-header="Organization: git-foo"`
 
 --cover-letter::
 	In addition to the patches, generate a cover letter file
@@ -157,24 +179,31 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 --suffix=.<sfx>::
 	Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
 	filenames, use specified suffix.  A common alternative is
-	`--suffix=.txt`.
+	`--suffix=.txt`.  Leaving this empty will remove the `.patch`
+	suffix.
 +
-Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
-want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
-the first letter does not have to be a dot.  Leaving it empty would
-not add any suffix.
+Note that the leading character does not have to be a dot; for example,
+you can use `--suffix=-patch` to get `0001-description-of-my-change-patch`.
 
 --no-binary::
-	Don't output contents of changes in binary files, just take note
-	that they differ.  Note that this disable the patch to be properly
-	applied.  By default the contents of changes in those files are
-	encoded in the patch.
+	Do not output contents of changes in binary files, instead
+	display a notice that those files changed.  Patches generated
+	using this option cannot be applied properly, but they are
+	still useful for code review.
+
+--root::
+	Treat the revision argument as a <revision range>, even if it
+	is just a single commit (that would normally be treated as a
+	<since>).  Note that root commits included in the specified
+	range are always formatted as creation patches, independently
+	of this flag.
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
-You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message
-in the repository configuration, new defaults for the subject prefix
-and file suffix, and number patches when outputting more than one.
+You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message,
+defaults for the subject prefix and file suffix, number patches when
+outputting more than one patch, add "Cc:" headers, configure attachments,
+and sign off patches with configuration variables.
 
 ------------
 [format]
@@ -183,6 +212,8 @@ and file suffix, and number patches when outputting more than one.
 	suffix = .txt
 	numbered = auto
 	cc = <email>
+	attach [ = mime-boundary-string ]
+	signoff = true
 ------------
 
 
@@ -220,8 +251,8 @@ $ git format-patch -M -B origin
 +
 Additionally, it detects and handles renames and complete rewrites
 intelligently to produce a renaming patch.  A renaming patch reduces
-the amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to review it.
-Note that the "patch" program does not understand renaming patches, so
+the amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to review.
+Note that non-git "patch" programs won't understand renaming patches, so
 use it only when you know the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
 
 * Extract three topmost commits from the current branch and format them
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
index d5a764721..6fe9484da 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
-	 [--full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [<object>*]
+	 [--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [<object>*]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
 	or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates,
 	and in packed git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
 	and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate
-	object pools.
+	object pools.  This is now default; you can turn it off
+	with --no-full.
 
 --strict::
 	Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
@@ -79,7 +80,8 @@ that aren't readable from any of the specified head nodes.
 
 So for example
 
-	git fsck --unreachable HEAD $(cat .git/refs/heads/*)
+	git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
+		$(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)
 
 will do quite a _lot_ of verification on the tree. There are a few
 extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index 7086eea74..4cd9cdf90 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-gc - Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git gc' [--aggressive] [--auto] [--quiet]
+'git gc' [--aggressive] [--auto] [--quiet] [--prune=<date> | --no-prune]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -59,6 +59,14 @@ are consolidated into a single pack by using the `-A` option of
 'git-repack'. Setting `gc.autopacklimit` to 0 disables
 automatic consolidation of packs.
 
+--prune=<date>::
+	Prune loose objects older than date (default is 2 weeks ago,
+	overridable by the config variable `gc.pruneExpire`).  This
+	option is on by default.
+
+--no-prune::
+	Do not prune any loose objects.
+
 --quiet::
 	Suppress all progress reports.
 
@@ -98,7 +106,7 @@ much time is spent optimizing the delta compression of the objects in
 the repository when the --aggressive option is specified.  The larger
 the value, the more time is spent optimizing the delta compression.  See
 the documentation for the --window' option in linkgit:git-repack[1] for
-more details.  This defaults to 10.
+more details.  This defaults to 250.
 
 The optional configuration variable 'gc.pruneExpire' controls how old
 the unreferenced loose objects have to be before they are pruned.  The
@@ -112,7 +120,7 @@ Notes
 particular, it will keep not only objects referenced by your current set
 of branches and tags, but also objects referenced by the index, remote
 tracking branches, refs saved by 'git-filter-branch' in
-refs/original/, or reflogs (which may references commits in branches
+refs/original/, or reflogs (which may reference commits in branches
 that were later amended or rewound).
 
 If you are expecting some objects to be collected and they aren't, check
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index 553da6cbb..8c700200f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	   [-l | --files-with-matches] [-L | --files-without-match]
 	   [-z | --null]
 	   [-c | --count] [--all-match]
+	   [--max-depth <depth>]
+	   [--color | --no-color]
 	   [-A <post-context>] [-B <pre-context>] [-C <context>]
 	   [-f <file>] [-e] <pattern>
 	   [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...] [<tree>...]
@@ -46,6 +48,10 @@ OPTIONS
 -I::
 	Don't match the pattern in binary files.
 
+--max-depth <depth>::
+	For each pathspec given on command line, descend at most <depth>
+	levels of directories. A negative value means no limit.
+
 -w::
 --word-regexp::
 	Match the pattern only at word boundary (either begin at the
@@ -105,6 +111,13 @@ OPTIONS
 	Instead of showing every matched line, show the number of
 	lines that match.
 
+--color::
+	Show colored matches.
+
+--no-color::
+	Turn off match highlighting, even when the configuration file
+	gives the default to color output.
+
 -[ABC] <context>::
 	Show `context` trailing (`A` -- after), or leading (`B`
 	-- before), or both (`C` -- context) lines, and place a
@@ -114,6 +127,14 @@ OPTIONS
 -<num>::
 	A shortcut for specifying -C<num>.
 
+-p::
+--show-function::
+	Show the preceding line that contains the function name of
+	the match, unless the matching line is a function name itself.
+	The name is determined in the same way as 'git diff' works out
+	patch hunk headers (see 'Defining a custom hunk-header' in
+	linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
+
 -f <file>::
 	Read patterns from <file>, one per line.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..67aec067c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-backend.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+git-http-backend(1)
+===================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-http-backend - Server side implementation of Git over HTTP
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git-http-backend'
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+A simple CGI program to serve the contents of a Git repository to Git
+clients accessing the repository over http:// and https:// protocols.
+The program supports clients fetching using both the smart HTTP protcol
+and the backwards-compatible dumb HTTP protocol, as well as clients
+pushing using the smart HTTP protocol.
+
+By default, only the `upload-pack` service is enabled, which serves
+'git-fetch-pack' and 'git-ls-remote' clients, which are invoked from
+'git-fetch', 'git-pull', and 'git-clone'.  If the client is authenticated,
+the `receive-pack` service is enabled, which serves 'git-send-pack'
+clients, which is invoked from 'git-push'.
+
+SERVICES
+--------
+These services can be enabled/disabled using the per-repository
+configuration file:
+
+http.getanyfile::
+	This serves older Git clients which are unable to use the
+	upload pack service.  When enabled, clients are able to read
+	any file within the repository, including objects that are
+	no longer reachable from a branch but are still present.
+	It is enabled by default, but a repository can disable it
+	by setting this configuration item to `false`.
+
+http.uploadpack::
+	This serves 'git-fetch-pack' and 'git-ls-remote' clients.
+	It is enabled by default, but a repository can disable it
+	by setting this configuration item to `false`.
+
+http.receivepack::
+	This serves 'git-send-pack' clients, allowing push.  It is
+	disabled by default for anonymous users, and enabled by
+	default for users authenticated by the web server.  It can be
+	disabled by setting this item to `false`, or enabled for all
+	users, including anonymous users, by setting it to `true`.
+
+URL TRANSLATION
+---------------
+To determine the location of the repository on disk, 'git-http-backend'
+concatenates the environment variables PATH_INFO, which is set
+automatically by the web server, and GIT_PROJECT_ROOT, which must be set
+manually in the web server configuration.  If GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is not
+set, 'git-http-backend' reads PATH_TRANSLATED, which is also set
+automatically by the web server.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+All of the following examples map 'http://$hostname/git/foo/bar.git'
+to '/var/www/git/foo/bar.git'.
+
+Apache 2.x::
+	Ensure mod_cgi, mod_alias, and mod_env are enabled, set
+	GIT_PROJECT_ROOT (or DocumentRoot) appropriately, and
+	create a ScriptAlias to the CGI:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git
+ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+To enable anonymous read access but authenticated write access,
+require authorization with a LocationMatch directive:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+<LocationMatch "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$">
+	AuthType Basic
+	AuthName "Git Access"
+	Require group committers
+	...
+</LocationMatch>
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+To require authentication for both reads and writes, use a Location
+directive around the repository, or one of its parent directories:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+<Location /git/private>
+	AuthType Basic
+	AuthName "Private Git Access"
+	Require group committers
+	...
+</Location>
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+To serve gitweb at the same url, use a ScriptAliasMatch to only
+those URLs that 'git-http-backend' can handle, and forward the
+rest to gitweb:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+ScriptAliasMatch \
+	"(?x)^/git/(.*/(HEAD | \
+			info/refs | \
+			objects/(info/[^/]+ | \
+				 [0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38} | \
+				 pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}\.(pack|idx)) | \
+			git-(upload|receive)-pack))$" \
+	/usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/$1
+
+ScriptAlias /git/ /var/www/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Accelerated static Apache 2.x::
+	Similar to the above, but Apache can be used to return static
+	files that are stored on disk.	On many systems this may
+	be more efficient as Apache can ask the kernel to copy the
+	file contents from the file system directly to the network:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git
+
+AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38})$          /var/www/git/$1
+AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}.(pack|idx))$ /var/www/git/$1
+ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+This can be combined with the gitweb configuration:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git
+
+AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38})$          /var/www/git/$1
+AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}.(pack|idx))$ /var/www/git/$1
+ScriptAliasMatch \
+	"(?x)^/git/(.*/(HEAD | \
+			info/refs | \
+			objects/info/[^/]+ | \
+			git-(upload|receive)-pack))$" \
+	/usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/$1
+ScriptAlias /git/ /var/www/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+ENVIRONMENT
+-----------
+'git-http-backend' relies upon the CGI environment variables set
+by the invoking web server, including:
+
+* PATH_INFO (if GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is set, otherwise PATH_TRANSLATED)
+* REMOTE_USER
+* REMOTE_ADDR
+* CONTENT_TYPE
+* QUERY_STRING
+* REQUEST_METHOD
+
+The backend process sets GIT_COMMITTER_NAME to '$REMOTE_USER' and
+GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL to '$\{REMOTE_USER}@http.$\{REMOTE_ADDR\}',
+ensuring that any reflogs created by 'git-receive-pack' contain some
+identifying information of the remote user who performed the push.
+
+All CGI environment variables are available to each of the hooks
+invoked by the 'git-receive-pack'.
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
index aef383e0b..ddf7a18dc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-http-push.txt
@@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ destination side.
 
 Without '--force', the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
 <dst> does not exist, or <dst> is a proper subset (i.e. an
-ancestor) of <src>.  This check, known as "fast forward check",
+ancestor) of <src>.  This check, known as "fast-forward check",
 is performed in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the
 remote ref and lose other peoples' commits from there.
 
-With '--force', the fast forward check is disabled for all refs.
+With '--force', the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
 
 Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
 to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
index bd49a0aee..d016dafd4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-imap-send.txt
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ imap.host::
 imap.user::
 	The username to use when logging in to the server.
 
-imap.password::
+imap.pass::
 	The password to use when logging in to the server.
 
 imap.port::
@@ -64,6 +64,13 @@ imap.sslverify::
 	used by the SSL/TLS connection. Default is `true`. Ignored when
 	imap.tunnel is set.
 
+imap.preformattedHTML::
+	A boolean to enable/disable the use of html encoding when sending
+	a patch.  An html encoded patch will be bracketed with <pre>
+	and have a content type of text/html.  Ironically, enabling this
+	option causes Thunderbird to send the patch as a plain/text,
+	format=fixed email.  Default is `false`.
+
 Examples
 ~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -98,6 +105,20 @@ Using direct mode with SSL:
 ..........................
 
 
+CAUTION
+-------
+It is still your responsibility to make sure that the email message
+sent by your email program meets the standards of your project.
+Many projects do not like patches to be attached.  Some mail
+agents will transform patches (e.g. wrap lines, send them as
+format=flowed) in ways that make them fail.  You will get angry
+flames ridiculing you if you don't check this.
+
+Thunderbird in particular is known to be problematic.  Thunderbird
+users may wish to visit this web page for more information:
+  http://kb.mozillazine.org/Plain_text_e-mail_-_Thunderbird#Completely_plain_email
+
+
 BUGS
 ----
 Doesn't handle lines starting with "From " in the message body.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
index 1fd0ff261..eba3cb499 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init-db.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-init-db - Creates an empty git repository
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git init-db' [-q | --quiet] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
+'git init-db' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-init.txt b/Documentation/git-init.txt
index 71749c09d..f081b24d9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-init.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-init.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-init - Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git init' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]
+'git init' [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template_directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -54,20 +54,29 @@ is given:
 
  - 'group' (or 'true'): Make the repository group-writable, (and g+sx, since
    the git group may be not the primary group of all users).
+   This is used to loosen the permissions of an otherwise safe umask(2) value.
+   Note that the umask still applies to the other permission bits (e.g. if
+   umask is '0022', using 'group' will not remove read privileges from other
+   (non-group) users). See '0xxx' for how to exactly specify the repository
+   permissions.
 
  - 'all' (or 'world' or 'everybody'): Same as 'group', but make the repository
    readable by all users.
 
- - '0xxx': '0xxx' is an octal number and each file will have mode '0xxx'
-   Any option except 'umask' can be set using this option. '0xxx' will
-   override users umask(2) value, and thus, users with a safe umask (0077)
-   can use this option. '0640' will create a repository which is group-readable
-   but not writable. '0660' is equivalent to 'group'.
+ - '0xxx': '0xxx' is an octal number and each file will have mode '0xxx'.
+   '0xxx' will override users' umask(2) value (and not only loosen permissions
+   as 'group' and 'all' does). '0640' will create a repository which is
+   group-readable, but not group-writable or accessible to others. '0660' will
+   create a repo that is readable and writable to the current user and group,
+   but inaccessible to others.
 
 By default, the configuration flag receive.denyNonFastForwards is enabled
 in shared repositories, so that you cannot force a non fast-forwarding push
 into it.
 
+If you name a (possibly non-existent) directory at the end of the command
+line, the command is run inside the directory (possibly after creating it).
+
 --
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
index 22da21a54..0771f2544 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	The HTTP daemon command-line that will be executed.
 	Command-line options may be specified here, and the
 	configuration file will be added at the end of the command-line.
-	Currently lighttpd, apache2 and webrick are supported.
+	Currently apache2, lighttpd, mongoose and webrick are supported.
 	(Default: lighttpd)
 
 -m::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt
index 34cf4e581..3d79de11e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-log.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt
@@ -37,8 +37,12 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
 	and <until>, see "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in
 	linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
---decorate::
-	Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown.
+--decorate[=short|full]::
+	Print out the ref names of any commits that are shown. If 'short' is
+	specified, the ref name prefixes 'refs/heads/', 'refs/tags/' and
+	'refs/remotes/' will not be printed. If 'full' is specified, the
+	full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. The default option
+	is 'short'.
 
 --source::
 	Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
index 9f85d60b5..625723e41 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt
@@ -44,12 +44,14 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -o::
 --others::
-	Show other files in the output
+	Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
 
 -i::
 --ignored::
-	Show ignored files in the output.
-	Note that this also reverses any exclude list present.
+	Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the
+	index, print only those matched by an exclude pattern. When
+	showing "other" files, show only those matched by an exclude
+	pattern.
 
 -s::
 --stage::
@@ -126,7 +128,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
-	lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix.
+	lines, show only a partial prefix.
 	Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
 
 \--::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
index 4c7262f1c..c3fdccb4c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-tree.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git ls-tree' [-d] [-r] [-t] [-l] [-z]
-	    [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--abbrev=[<n>]]
+	    [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--full-tree] [--abbrev=[<n>]]
 	    <tree-ish> [paths...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ in the current working directory.  Note that:
    'sub/dir' in 'HEAD').  You don't want to give a tree that is not at the
    root level (e.g. 'git ls-tree -r HEAD:sub dir') in this case, as that
    would result in asking for 'sub/sub/dir' in the 'HEAD' commit.
+   However, the current working directory can be ignored by passing
+   --full-tree option.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -59,13 +61,17 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --abbrev[=<n>]::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
-	lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix.
+	lines, show only a partial prefix.
 	Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
 
 --full-name::
 	Instead of showing the path names relative to the current working
 	directory, show the full path names.
 
+--full-tree::
+	Do not limit the listing to the current working directory.
+	Implies --full-name.
+
 paths::
 	When paths are given, show them (note that this isn't really raw
 	pathnames, but rather a list of patterns to match).  Otherwise
@@ -76,8 +82,10 @@ Output Format
 -------------
         <mode> SP <type> SP <object> TAB <file>
 
-When the `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
+Unless the `-z` option is used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`, respectively.
+This output format is compatible with what '--index-info --stdin' of
+'git update-index' expects.
 
 When the `-l` option is used, format changes to
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
index 31eccea5b..b81ac98cf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ git-mailinfo - Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git mailinfo' [-k] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] <msg> <patch>
+'git mailinfo' [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] [--scissors] <msg> <patch>
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reading a single e-mail message from the standard input, and
+Reads a single e-mail message from the standard input, and
 writes the commit log message in <msg> file, and the patches in
 <patch> file.  The author name, e-mail and e-mail subject are
 written out to the standard output to be used by 'git-am'
@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	munging, and is most useful when used to read back
 	'git-format-patch -k' output.
 
+-b::
+	When -k is not in effect, all leading strings bracketed with '['
+	and ']' pairs are stripped.  This option limits the stripping to
+	only the pairs whose bracketed string contains the word "PATCH".
+
 -u::
 	The commit log message, author name and author email are
 	taken from the e-mail, and after minimally decoding MIME
@@ -49,6 +54,25 @@ conversion, even with this flag.
 -n::
 	Disable all charset re-coding of the metadata.
 
+--scissors::
+	Remove everything in body before a scissors line.  A line that
+	mainly consists of scissors (either ">8" or "8<") and perforation
+	(dash "-") marks is called a scissors line, and is used to request
+	the reader to cut the message at that line.  If such a line
+	appears in the body of the message before the patch, everything
+	before it (including the scissors line itself) is ignored when
+	this option is used.
++
+This is useful if you want to begin your message in a discussion thread
+with comments and suggestions on the message you are responding to, and to
+conclude it with a patch submission, separating the discussion and the
+beginning of the proposed commit log message with a scissors line.
++
+This can enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors.
+
+--no-scissors::
+	Ignore scissors lines. Useful for overriding mailinfo.scissors settings.
+
 <msg>::
 	The commit log message extracted from e-mail, usually
 	except the title line which comes from e-mail Subject.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
index 2f0c5259e..ce5b36998 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
@@ -8,27 +8,32 @@ git-merge-base - Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git merge-base' [--all] <commit> <commit>...
+'git merge-base' [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-'git-merge-base' finds best common ancestor(s) between two commits to use
+'git merge-base' finds best common ancestor(s) between two commits to use
 in a three-way merge.  One common ancestor is 'better' than another common
 ancestor if the latter is an ancestor of the former.  A common ancestor
-that does not have any better common ancestor than it is a 'best common
+that does not have any better common ancestor is a 'best common
 ancestor', i.e. a 'merge base'.  Note that there can be more than one
-merge bases between two commits.
+merge base for a pair of commits.
 
-Among the two commits to compute their merge bases, one is specified by
+Among the two commits to compute the merge base from, one is specified by
 the first commit argument on the command line; the other commit is a
 (possibly hypothetical) commit that is a merge across all the remaining
-commits on the command line.  As the most common special case, giving only
-two commits from the command line means computing the merge base between
+commits on the command line.  As the most common special case, specifying only
+two commits on the command line means computing the merge base between
 the given two commits.
 
+As a consequence, the 'merge base' is not necessarily contained in each of the
+commit arguments if more than two commits are specified. This is different
+from linkgit:git-show-branch[1] when used with the `--merge-base` option.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
+-a::
 --all::
 	Output all merge bases for the commits, instead of just one.
 
@@ -47,7 +52,7 @@ For example, with this topology:
 the merge base between 'A' and 'B' is '1'.
 
 Given three commits 'A', 'B' and 'C', `git merge-base A B C` will compute the
-merge base between 'A' and an hypothetical commit 'M', which is a merge
+merge base between 'A' and a hypothetical commit 'M', which is a merge
 between 'B' and 'C'.  For example, with this topology:
 
 	       o---o---o---o---C
@@ -71,8 +76,7 @@ common ancestor between 'A' and 'M', but '1' is a better common ancestor,
 because '2' is an ancestor of '1'.  Hence, '2' is not a merge base.
 
 When the history involves criss-cross merges, there can be more than one
-'best' common ancestors between two commits.  For example, with this
-topology:
+'best' common ancestor for two commits.  For example, with this topology:
 
        ---1---o---A
 	   \ /
@@ -80,8 +84,8 @@ topology:
 	   / \
        ---2---o---o---B
 
-both '1' and '2' are merge-base of A and B.  Neither one is better than
-the other (both are 'best' merge base).  When `--all` option is not given,
+both '1' and '2' are merge-bases of A and B.  Neither one is better than
+the other (both are 'best' merge bases).  When the `--all` option is not given,
 it is unspecified which best one is output.
 
 Author
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
index 024ec015a..303537357 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-'git-file-merge' incorporates all changes that lead from the `<base-file>`
+'git-merge-file' incorporates all changes that lead from the `<base-file>`
 to `<other-file>` into `<current-file>`. The result ordinarily goes into
 `<current-file>`. 'git-merge-file' is useful for combining separate changes
 to an original. Suppose `<base-file>` is the original, and both
-`<current-file>` and `<other-file>` are modifications of `<base-file>`.
-Then 'git-merge-file' combines both changes.
+`<current-file>` and `<other-file>` are modifications of `<base-file>`,
+then 'git-merge-file' combines both changes.
 
 A conflict occurs if both `<current-file>` and `<other-file>` have changes
 in a common segment of lines. If a conflict is found, 'git-merge-file'
-normally outputs a warning and brackets the conflict with <<<<<<< and
->>>>>>> lines. A typical conflict will look like this:
+normally outputs a warning and brackets the conflict with lines containing
+<<<<<<< and >>>>>>> markers. A typical conflict will look like this:
 
 	<<<<<<< A
 	lines in file A
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	`<current-file>`.
 
 -q::
-	Quiet;  do  not  warn about conflicts.
+	Quiet; do not warn about conflicts.
 
 
 EXAMPLES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
index ff088c5c2..123e6d024 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Instead of stopping at the first failed merge, do all of them
 	in one shot - continue with merging even when previous merges
 	returned errors, and only return the error code after all the
-	merges are over.
+	merges.
 
 -q::
-	Do not complain about failed merge program (the merge program
-	failure usually indicates conflicts during merge). This is for
+	Do not complain about a failed merge program (a merge program
+	failure usually indicates conflicts during the merge). This is for
 	porcelains which might want to emit custom messages.
 
 If 'git-merge-index' is called with multiple <file>s (or -a) then it
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
index dbb0c1866..f869a7f00 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-tree.txt
@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Reads three treeish, and output trivial merge results and
 conflicting stages to the standard output.  This is similar to
-what three-way read-tree -m does, but instead of storing the
+what three-way 'git read-tree -m' does, but instead of storing the
 results in the index, the command outputs the entries to the
 standard output.
 
 This is meant to be used by higher level scripts to compute
-merge results outside index, and stuff the results back into the
+merge results outside of the index, and stuff the results back into the
 index.  For this reason, the output from the command omits
-entries that match <branch1> tree.
+entries that match the <branch1> tree.
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index 1f30830d4..e886c2ef5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [-s <strategy>]...
-	[-m <msg>] <remote> <remote>...
+	[-m <msg>] <remote>...
 'git merge' <msg> HEAD <remote>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -28,9 +28,10 @@ OPTIONS
 include::merge-options.txt[]
 
 -m <msg>::
-	The commit message to be used for the merge commit (in case
-	it is created). The 'git-fmt-merge-msg' script can be used
-	to give a good default for automated 'git-merge' invocations.
+	Set the commit message to be used for the merge commit (in
+	case one is created). The 'git fmt-merge-msg' command can be
+	used to give a good default for automated 'git merge'
+	invocations.
 
 <remote>...::
 	Other branch heads to merge into our branch.  You need at
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ include::merge-options.txt[]
 include::merge-strategies.txt[]
 
 
-If you tried a merge which resulted in a complex conflicts and
-would want to start over, you can recover with 'git-reset'.
+If you tried a merge which resulted in complex conflicts and
+want to start over, you can recover with 'git-reset'.
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
@@ -49,8 +50,8 @@ include::merge-config.txt[]
 
 branch.<name>.mergeoptions::
 	Sets default options for merging into branch <name>. The syntax and
-	supported options are equal to that of 'git-merge', but option values
-	containing whitespace characters are currently not supported.
+	supported options are the same as those of 'git merge', but option
+	values containing whitespace characters are currently not supported.
 
 HOW MERGE WORKS
 ---------------
@@ -69,20 +70,20 @@ Three kinds of merge can happen:
   simplest case, called "Already up-to-date."
 
 * `HEAD` is already contained in the merged commit. This is the
-  most common case especially when involved through 'git pull':
-  you are tracking an upstream repository, committed no local
+  most common case especially when invoked from 'git pull':
+  you are tracking an upstream repository, have committed no local
   changes and now you want to update to a newer upstream revision.
-  Your `HEAD` (and the index) is updated to at point the merged
+  Your `HEAD` (and the index) is updated to point at the merged
   commit, without creating an extra merge commit.  This is
   called "Fast-forward".
 
 * Both the merged commit and `HEAD` are independent and must be
-  tied together by a merge commit that has them both as its parents.
+  tied together by a merge commit that has both of them as its parents.
   The rest of this section describes this "True merge" case.
 
 The chosen merge strategy merges the two commits into a single
 new source tree.
-When things cleanly merge, these things happen:
+When things merge cleanly, this is what happens:
 
 1. The results are updated both in the index file and in your
    working tree;
@@ -91,16 +92,16 @@ When things cleanly merge, these things happen:
 4. The `HEAD` pointer gets advanced.
 
 Because of 2., we require that the original state of the index
-file to match exactly the current `HEAD` commit; otherwise we
+file matches exactly the current `HEAD` commit; otherwise we
 will write out your local changes already registered in your
 index file along with the merge result, which is not good.
-Because 1. involves only the paths different between your
+Because 1. involves only those paths differing between your
 branch and the remote branch you are pulling from during the
 merge (which is typically a fraction of the whole tree), you can
 have local modifications in your working tree as long as they do
 not overlap with what the merge updates.
 
-When there are conflicts, these things happen:
+When there are conflicts, the following happens:
 
 1. `HEAD` stays the same.
 
@@ -111,8 +112,8 @@ When there are conflicts, these things happen:
    versions; stage1 stores the version from the common ancestor,
    stage2 from `HEAD`, and stage3 from the remote branch (you
    can inspect the stages with `git ls-files -u`).  The working
-   tree files have the result of "merge" program; i.e. 3-way
-   merge result with familiar conflict markers `<<< === >>>`.
+   tree files contain the result of the "merge" program; i.e. 3-way
+   merge results with familiar conflict markers `<<< === >>>`.
 
 4. No other changes are done.  In particular, the local
    modifications you had before you started merge will stay the
@@ -145,13 +146,13 @@ Git makes conflict resolution easy.
 And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
 ------------
 
-The area a pair of conflicting changes happened is marked with markers
-"`<<<<<<<`", "`=======`", and "`>>>>>>>`".  The part before the "`=======`"
-is typically your side, and the part after it is typically their side.
+The area where a pair of conflicting changes happened is marked with markers
+`<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>`.  The part before the `=======`
+is typically your side, and the part afterwards is typically their side.
 
-The default format does not show what the original said in the conflicted
-area.  You cannot tell how many lines are deleted and replaced with the
-Barbie's remark by your side.  The only thing you can tell is that your
+The default format does not show what the original said in the conflicting
+area.  You cannot tell how many lines are deleted and replaced with
+Barbie's remark on your side.  The only thing you can tell is that your
 side wants to say it is hard and you'd prefer to go shopping, while the
 other side wants to claim it is easy.
 
@@ -173,8 +174,8 @@ Git makes conflict resolution easy.
 And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
 ------------
 
-In addition to the "`<<<<<<<`", "`=======`", and "`>>>>>>>`" markers, it uses
-another "`|||||||`" marker that is followed by the original text.  You can
+In addition to the `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` markers, it uses
+another `|||||||` marker that is followed by the original text.  You can
 tell that the original just stated a fact, and your side simply gave in to
 that statement and gave up, while the other side tried to have a more
 positive attitude.  You can sometimes come up with a better resolution by
@@ -186,14 +187,14 @@ HOW TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS
 
 After seeing a conflict, you can do two things:
 
- * Decide not to merge.  The only clean-up you need are to reset
+ * Decide not to merge.  The only clean-ups you need are to reset
    the index file to the `HEAD` commit to reverse 2. and to clean
    up working tree changes made by 2. and 3.; 'git-reset --hard' can
    be used for this.
 
  * Resolve the conflicts.  Git will mark the conflicts in
    the working tree.  Edit the files into shape and
-   'git-add' to the index.  'git-commit' to seal the deal.
+   'git-add' them to the index.  Use 'git-commit' to seal the deal.
 
 You can work through the conflict with a number of tools:
 
@@ -211,6 +212,39 @@ You can work through the conflict with a number of tools:
    common ancestor, 'git show :2:filename' shows the HEAD
    version and 'git show :3:filename' shows the remote version.
 
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+* Merge branches `fixes` and `enhancements` on top of
+  the current branch, making an octopus merge:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git merge fixes enhancements
+------------------------------------------------
+
+* Merge branch `obsolete` into the current branch, using `ours`
+  merge strategy:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git merge -s ours obsolete
+------------------------------------------------
+
+* Merge branch `maint` into the current branch, but do not make
+  a new commit automatically:
++
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git merge --no-commit maint
+------------------------------------------------
++
+This can be used when you want to include further changes to the
+merge, or want to write your own merge commit message.
++
+You should refrain from abusing this option to sneak substantial
+changes into a merge commit.  Small fixups like bumping
+release/version name would be acceptable.
+
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-fmt-merge-msg[1], linkgit:git-pull[1],
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..78eb03f0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool--lib.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+git-mergetool--lib(1)
+=====================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-mergetool--lib - Common git merge tool shell scriptlets
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'TOOL_MODE=(diff|merge) . "$(git --exec-path)/git-mergetool--lib"'
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This is not a command the end user would want to run.  Ever.
+This documentation is meant for people who are studying the
+Porcelain-ish scripts and/or are writing new ones.
+
+The 'git-mergetool--lib' scriptlet is designed to be sourced (using
+`.`) by other shell scripts to set up functions for working
+with git merge tools.
+
+Before sourcing 'git-mergetool--lib', your script must set `TOOL_MODE`
+to define the operation mode for the functions listed below.
+'diff' and 'merge' are valid values.
+
+FUNCTIONS
+---------
+get_merge_tool::
+	returns a merge tool.
+
+get_merge_tool_cmd::
+	returns the custom command for a merge tool.
+
+get_merge_tool_path::
+	returns the custom path for a merge tool.
+
+run_merge_tool::
+	launches a merge tool given the tool name and a true/false
+	flag to indicate whether a merge base is present.
+	'$MERGED', '$LOCAL', '$REMOTE', and '$BASE' must be defined
+	for use by the merge tool.
+
+Author
+------
+Written by David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by David Aguilar and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
index e0b2703b3..4a6f7f3a2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ git-mergetool - Run merge conflict resolution tools to resolve merge conflicts
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git mergetool' [--tool=<tool>] [<file>]...
+'git mergetool' [--tool=<tool>] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [<file>]...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,10 +22,12 @@ with merge conflicts.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
--t or --tool=<tool>::
+-t <tool>::
+--tool=<tool>::
 	Use the merge resolution program specified by <tool>.
 	Valid merge tools are:
-	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff, ecmerge, and opendiff
+	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff, ecmerge,
+	diffuse, tortoisemerge, opendiff, p4merge and araxis.
 +
 If a merge resolution program is not specified, 'git-mergetool'
 will use the configuration variable `merge.tool`.  If the
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ can configure the absolute path to kdiff3 by setting
 `mergetool.kdiff3.path`. Otherwise, 'git-mergetool' assumes the
 tool is available in PATH.
 +
-Instead of running one of the known merge tool programs
+Instead of running one of the known merge tool programs,
 'git-mergetool' can be customized to run an alternative program
 by specifying the command line to invoke in a configuration
 variable `mergetool.<tool>.cmd`.
@@ -55,11 +57,21 @@ of the file to which the merge tool should write the result of the
 merge resolution.
 +
 If the custom merge tool correctly indicates the success of a
-merge resolution with its exit code then the configuration
+merge resolution with its exit code, then the configuration
 variable `mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode` can be set to `true`.
 Otherwise, 'git-mergetool' will prompt the user to indicate the
 success of the resolution after the custom tool has exited.
 
+-y::
+--no-prompt::
+	Don't prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution
+	program.
+
+--prompt::
+	Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program.
+	This is the default behaviour; the option is provided to
+	override any configuration settings.
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Theodore Y Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
index af19f06ed..81e332677 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mktree.txt
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@ git-mktree - Build a tree-object from ls-tree formatted text
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git mktree' [-z]
+'git mktree' [-z] [--missing] [--batch]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Reads standard input in non-recursive `ls-tree` output format,
-and creates a tree object.  The object name of the tree object
+Reads standard input in non-recursive `ls-tree` output format, and creates
+a tree object.  The order of the tree entries is normalised by mktree so
+pre-sorting the input is not required.  The object name of the tree object
 built is written to the standard output.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -21,6 +22,18 @@ OPTIONS
 -z::
 	Read the NUL-terminated `ls-tree -z` output instead.
 
+--missing::
+	Allow missing objects.  The default behaviour (without this option)
+	is to verify that each tree entry's sha1 identifies an existing
+	object.  This option has no effect on the treatment of gitlink entries
+	(aka "submodules") which are always allowed to be missing.
+
+--batch::
+	Allow building of more than one tree object before exiting.  Each
+	tree is separated by as single blank line. The final new-line is
+	optional.  Note - if the '-z' option is used, lines are terminated
+	with NUL.
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mv.txt b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
index 9c5660275..bdcb58526 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mv.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ committed.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -f::
+--force::
 	Force renaming or moving of a file even if the target exists
 -k::
         Skip move or rename actions which would lead to an error
diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..94cceb131
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+git-notes(1)
+============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-notes - Add/inspect commit notes
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git-notes' (edit [-F <file> | -m <msg>] | show) [commit]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This command allows you to add notes to commit messages, without
+changing the commit.  To discern these notes from the message stored
+in the commit object, the notes are indented like the message, after
+an unindented line saying "Notes:".
+
+To disable commit notes, you have to set the config variable
+core.notesRef to the empty string.  Alternatively, you can set it
+to a different ref, something like "refs/notes/bugzilla".  This setting
+can be overridden by the environment variable "GIT_NOTES_REF".
+
+
+SUBCOMMANDS
+-----------
+
+edit::
+	Edit the notes for a given commit (defaults to HEAD).
+
+show::
+	Show the notes for a given commit (defaults to HEAD).
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-m <msg>::
+	Use the given note message (instead of prompting).
+	If multiple `-m` (or `-F`) options are given, their
+	values are concatenated as separate paragraphs.
+
+-F <file>::
+	Take the note message from the given file.  Use '-' to
+	read the note message from the standard input.
+	If multiple `-F` (or `-m`) options are given, their
+	values are concatenated as separate paragraphs.
+
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+Documentation by Johannes Schindelin
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
index 7d4c1a755..f54d433d3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt
@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ git-pack-objects - Create a packed archive of objects
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git pack-objects' [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
-	[--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N] [--all-progress]
-	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name] < object-list
+'git pack-objects' [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
+	[--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
+	[--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N]
+	[--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name]
+	[--keep-true-parents] < object-list
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@ base-name::
 
 --all-progress::
 	When --stdout is specified then progress report is
-	displayed during the object count and deltification phases
+	displayed during the object count and compression phases
 	but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is
 	that in some cases the output stream is directly linked
 	to another command which may wish to display progress
@@ -145,6 +147,11 @@ base-name::
 	report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is
 	used.
 
+--all-progress-implied::
+	This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display
+	is activated.  Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn't actually
+	force any progress display by itself.
+
 -q::
 	This flag makes the command not to report its progress
 	on the standard error stream.
@@ -197,6 +204,10 @@ base-name::
 	to force the version for the generated pack index, and to force
 	64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.
 
+--keep-true-parents::
+	With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
+	nevertheless.
+
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
index a5244d35f..1ee99c208 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ problem by stashing the refs in a single file,
 traditional `$GIT_DIR/refs` hierarchy, it is looked up in this
 file and used if found.
 
-Subsequent updates to branches always creates new file under
+Subsequent updates to branches always create new files under
 `$GIT_DIR/refs` hierarchy.
 
 A recommended practice to deal with a repository with too many
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ occasionally run `git pack-refs \--prune`.  Tags are by
 definition stationary and are not expected to change.  Branch
 heads will be packed with the initial `pack-refs --all`, but
 only the currently active branch heads will become unpacked,
-and next `pack-refs` (without `--all`) will leave them
+and the next `pack-refs` (without `--all`) will leave them
 unpacked.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
index cd4306987..39d9daa7e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-parse-remote.txt
@@ -17,26 +17,6 @@ routines to parse files under $GIT_DIR/remotes/ and
 $GIT_DIR/branches/ and configuration variables that are related
 to fetching, pulling and pushing.
 
-The primary entry points are:
-
-get_remote_refs_for_fetch::
-	Given the list of user-supplied `<repo> <refspec>...`,
-	return the list of refs to fetch after canonicalizing
-	them into `$GIT_DIR` relative paths
-	(e.g. `refs/heads/foo`).  When `<refspec>...` is empty
-	the returned list of refs consists of the defaults
-	for the given `<repo>`, if specified in
-	`$GIT_DIR/remotes/`, `$GIT_DIR/branches/`, or `remote.*.fetch`
-	configuration.
-
-get_remote_refs_for_push::
-	Given the list of user-supplied `<repo> <refspec>...`,
-	return the list of refs to push in a form suitable to be
-	fed to the 'git-send-pack' command.  When `<refspec>...`
-	is empty the returned list of refs consists of the
-	defaults for the given `<repo>`, if specified in
-	`$GIT_DIR/remotes/`.
-
 Author
 ------
 Written by Junio C Hamano.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
index 477785e13..253fc0fc2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-patch-id.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ IOW, you can use this thing to look for likely duplicate commits.
 
 When dealing with 'git-diff-tree' output, it takes advantage of
 the fact that the patch is prefixed with the object name of the
-commit, and outputs two 40-byte hexadecimal string.  The first
+commit, and outputs two 40-byte hexadecimal strings.  The first
 string is the patch ID, and the second string is the commit ID.
 This can be used to make a mapping from patch ID to commit ID.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt b/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
index b5f26cee1..abfc6b6ea 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-prune-packed.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-prune-packed - Remove extra objects that are already in pack files
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git prune-packed' [-n] [-q]
+'git prune-packed' [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -28,10 +28,12 @@ disk storage, etc.
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -n::
+--dry-run::
         Don't actually remove any objects, only show those that would have been
         removed.
 
 -q::
+--quiet::
 	Squelch the progress indicator.
 
 Author
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
index 7578623ed..b93201158 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@ Also note that options meant for 'git-pull' itself and underlying
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+
+Options related to merging
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
 include::merge-options.txt[]
 
 :git-pull: 1
@@ -47,6 +51,9 @@ unless you have read linkgit:git-rebase[1] carefully.
 --no-rebase::
 	Override earlier --rebase.
 
+Options related to fetching
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
 include::fetch-options.txt[]
 
 include::pull-fetch-param.txt[]
@@ -131,54 +138,13 @@ $ git pull origin next
 ------------------------------------------------
 +
 This leaves a copy of `next` temporarily in FETCH_HEAD, but
-does not update any remote-tracking branches.
-
-* Bundle local branch `fixes` and `enhancements` on top of
-  the current branch, making an Octopus merge:
-+
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git pull . fixes enhancements
-------------------------------------------------
-+
-This `git pull .` syntax is equivalent to `git merge`.
-
-* Merge local branch `obsolete` into the current branch, using `ours`
-  merge strategy:
-+
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git pull -s ours . obsolete
-------------------------------------------------
-
-* Merge local branch `maint` into the current branch, but do not make
-  a commit automatically:
+does not update any remote-tracking branches. Using remote-tracking
+branches, the same can be done by invoking fetch and merge:
 +
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git pull --no-commit . maint
+$ git fetch origin
+$ git merge origin/next
 ------------------------------------------------
-+
-This can be used when you want to include further changes to the
-merge, or want to write your own merge commit message.
-+
-You should refrain from abusing this option to sneak substantial
-changes into a merge commit.  Small fixups like bumping
-release/version name would be acceptable.
-
-* Command line pull of multiple branches from one repository:
-+
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git checkout master
-$ git fetch origin +pu:pu maint:tmp
-$ git pull . tmp
-------------------------------------------------
-+
-This updates (or creates, as necessary) branches `pu` and `tmp` in
-the local repository by fetching from the branches (respectively)
-`pu` and `maint` from the remote repository.
-+
-The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not fast-forward;
-the others will not be.
-+
-The final command then merges the newly fetched `tmp` into master.
 
 
 If you tried a pull which resulted in a complex conflicts and
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index 6150b1b95..ab1bf99fd 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-push - Update remote refs along with associated objects
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git push' [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
+'git push' [--all | --mirror | --tags] [-n | --dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
 	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-v | --verbose]
 	   [<repository> <refspec>...]
 
@@ -24,40 +24,45 @@ every time you push into it, by setting up 'hooks' there.  See
 documentation for linkgit:git-receive-pack[1].
 
 
-OPTIONS
--------
+OPTIONS[[OPTIONS]]
+------------------
 <repository>::
 	The "remote" repository that is destination of a push
-	operation.  See the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below.
+	operation.  This parameter can be either a URL
+	(see the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below) or the name
+	of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
 
 <refspec>...::
-	The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
-	`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `{plus}`, followed
-	by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
-	the destination ref.
+	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
+	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
+	It is used to specify with what <src> object the <dst> ref
+	in the remote repository is to be updated.
 +
-The <src> side represents the source branch (or arbitrary
-"SHA1 expression", such as `master~4` (four parents before the
-tip of `master` branch); see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) that you
-want to push.  The <dst> side represents the destination location.
+The <src> is often the name of the branch you would want to push, but
+it can be any arbitrary "SHA-1 expression", such as `master~4` or
+`HEAD` (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]).
 +
-The local ref that matches <src> is used
-to fast forward the remote ref that matches <dst> (or, if no <dst> was
-specified, the same ref that <src> referred to locally).  If
-the optional leading plus `+` is used, the remote ref is updated
-even if it does not result in a fast forward update.
+The <dst> tells which ref on the remote side is updated with this
+push. Arbitrary expressions cannot be used here, an actual ref must
+be named. If `:`<dst> is omitted, the same ref as <src> will be
+updated.
 +
-`tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
+The object referenced by <src> is used to update the <dst> reference
+on the remote side, but by default this is only allowed if the
+update can fast-forward <dst>.  By having the optional leading `{plus}`,
+you can tell git to update the <dst> ref even when the update is not a
+fast-forward.  This does *not* attempt to merge <src> into <dst>.  See
+EXAMPLES below for details.
 +
-A parameter <ref> without a colon pushes the <ref> from the source
-repository to the destination repository under the same name.
+`tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
 +
 Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from
 the remote repository.
 +
-The special refspec `:` (or `+:` to allow non-fast forward updates)
-directs git to push "matching" heads: for every head that exists on
-the local side, the remote side is updated if a head of the same name
+The special refspec `:` (or `{plus}:` to allow non-fast-forward updates)
+directs git to push "matching" branches: for every branch that exists on
+the local side, the remote side is updated if a branch of the same name
 already exists on the remote side.  This is the default operation mode
 if no explicit refspec is found (that is neither on the command line
 nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below).
@@ -77,23 +82,27 @@ nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below).
 	if the configuration option `remote.<remote>.mirror` is
 	set.
 
+-n::
 --dry-run::
 	Do everything except actually send the updates.
 
+--porcelain::
+	Produce machine-readable output.  The output status line for each ref
+	will be tab-separated and sent to stdout instead of stderr.  The full
+	symbolic names of the refs will be given.
+
 --tags::
 	All refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` are pushed, in
 	addition to refspecs explicitly listed on the command
 	line.
 
 --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>::
+--exec=<git-receive-pack>::
 	Path to the 'git-receive-pack' program on the remote
 	end.  Sometimes useful when pushing to a remote
 	repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in
 	a directory on the default $PATH.
 
---exec=<git-receive-pack>::
-	Same as \--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>.
-
 -f::
 --force::
 	Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that is
@@ -129,6 +138,11 @@ useful if you write an alias or script around 'git-push'.
 --verbose::
 	Run verbosely.
 
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Suppress all output, including the listing of updated refs,
+	unless an error occurs.
+
 include::urls-remotes.txt[]
 
 OUTPUT
@@ -145,21 +159,32 @@ representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form:
  <flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> (<reason>)
 -------------------------------
 
+If --porcelain is used, then each line of the output is of the form:
+
+-------------------------------
+ <flag> \t <from>:<to> \t <summary> (<reason>)
+-------------------------------
+
+The status of up-to-date refs is shown only if --porcelain or --verbose
+option is used.
+
 flag::
-	A single character indicating the status of the ref. This is
-	blank for a successfully pushed ref, `!` for a ref that was
-	rejected or failed to push, and '=' for a ref that was up to
-	date and did not need pushing (note that the status of up to
-	date refs is shown only when `git push` is running verbosely).
+	A single character indicating the status of the ref:
+(space);; for a successfully pushed fast-forward;
+`{plus}`;; for a successful forced update;
+`-`;; for a successfully deleted ref;
+`*`;; for a successfully pushed new ref;
+`!`;; for a ref that was rejected or failed to push; and
+`=`;; for a ref that was up to date and did not need pushing.
 
 summary::
 	For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new
 	values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
 	`git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and
-	`<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast forward updates). For a
+	`<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast-forward updates). For a
 	failed update, more details are given for the failure.
 	The string `rejected` indicates that git did not try to send the
-	ref at all (typically because it is not a fast forward). The
+	ref at all (typically because it is not a fast-forward). The
 	string `remote rejected` indicates that the remote end refused
 	the update; this rejection is typically caused by a hook on the
 	remote side. The string `remote failure` indicates that the
@@ -181,9 +206,117 @@ reason::
 	refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
 	failure is described.
 
+Note about fast-forwards
+------------------------
+
+When an update changes a branch (or more in general, a ref) that used to
+point at commit A to point at another commit B, it is called a
+fast-forward update if and only if B is a descendant of A.
+
+In a fast-forward update from A to B, the set of commits that the original
+commit A built on top of is a subset of the commits the new commit B
+builds on top of.  Hence, it does not lose any history.
+
+In contrast, a non-fast-forward update will lose history.  For example,
+suppose you and somebody else started at the same commit X, and you built
+a history leading to commit B while the other person built a history
+leading to commit A.  The history looks like this:
+
+----------------
+
+      B
+     /
+ ---X---A
+
+----------------
+
+Further suppose that the other person already pushed changes leading to A
+back to the original repository you two obtained the original commit X.
+
+The push done by the other person updated the branch that used to point at
+commit X to point at commit A.  It is a fast-forward.
+
+But if you try to push, you will attempt to update the branch (that
+now points at A) with commit B.  This does _not_ fast-forward.  If you did
+so, the changes introduced by commit A will be lost, because everybody
+will now start building on top of B.
+
+The command by default does not allow an update that is not a fast-forward
+to prevent such loss of history.
+
+If you do not want to lose your work (history from X to B) nor the work by
+the other person (history from X to A), you would need to first fetch the
+history from the repository, create a history that contains changes done
+by both parties, and push the result back.
+
+You can perform "git pull", resolve potential conflicts, and "git push"
+the result.  A "git pull" will create a merge commit C between commits A
+and B.
+
+----------------
+
+      B---C
+     /   /
+ ---X---A
+
+----------------
+
+Updating A with the resulting merge commit will fast-forward and your
+push will be accepted.
+
+Alternatively, you can rebase your change between X and B on top of A,
+with "git pull --rebase", and push the result back.  The rebase will
+create a new commit D that builds the change between X and B on top of
+A.
+
+----------------
+
+      B   D
+     /   /
+ ---X---A
+
+----------------
+
+Again, updating A with this commit will fast-forward and your push will be
+accepted.
+
+There is another common situation where you may encounter non-fast-forward
+rejection when you try to push, and it is possible even when you are
+pushing into a repository nobody else pushes into. After you push commit
+A yourself (in the first picture in this section), replace it with "git
+commit --amend" to produce commit B, and you try to push it out, because
+forgot that you have pushed A out already. In such a case, and only if
+you are certain that nobody in the meantime fetched your earlier commit A
+(and started building on top of it), you can run "git push --force" to
+overwrite it. In other words, "git push --force" is a method reserved for
+a case where you do mean to lose history.
+
+
 Examples
 --------
 
+git push::
+	Works like `git push <remote>`, where <remote> is the
+	current branch's remote (or `origin`, if no remote is
+	configured for the current branch).
+
+git push origin::
+	Without additional configuration, works like
+	`git push origin :`.
++
+The default behavior of this command when no <refspec> is given can be
+configured by setting the `push` option of the remote.
++
+For example, to default to pushing only the current branch to `origin`
+use `git config remote.origin.push HEAD`.  Any valid <refspec> (like
+the ones in the examples below) can be configured as the default for
+`git push origin`.
+
+git push origin :::
+	Push "matching" branches to `origin`. See
+	<refspec> in the <<OPTIONS,OPTIONS>> section above for a
+	description of "matching" branches.
+
 git push origin master::
 	Find a ref that matches `master` in the source repository
 	(most likely, it would find `refs/heads/master`), and update
@@ -191,9 +324,9 @@ git push origin master::
 	with it.  If `master` did not exist remotely, it would be
 	created.
 
-git push origin :experimental::
-	Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository
-	(e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it.
+git push origin HEAD::
+	A handy way to push the current branch to the same name on the
+	remote.
 
 git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev::
 	Use the source ref that matches `master` (e.g. `refs/heads/master`)
@@ -201,6 +334,11 @@ git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev::
 	`refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `origin` repository, then
 	do the same for `dev` and `satellite/dev`.
 
+git push origin HEAD:master::
+	Push the current branch to the remote ref matching `master` in the
+	`origin` repository. This form is convenient to push the current
+	branch without thinking about its local name.
+
 git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental::
 	Create the branch `experimental` in the `origin` repository
 	by copying the current `master` branch.  This form is only
@@ -208,6 +346,35 @@ git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental::
 	the local name and the remote name are different; otherwise,
 	the ref name on its own will work.
 
+git push origin :experimental::
+	Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository
+	(e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it.
+
+git push origin {plus}dev:master::
+	Update the origin repository's master branch with the dev branch,
+	allowing non-fast-forward updates.  *This can leave unreferenced
+	commits dangling in the origin repository.*  Consider the
+	following situation, where a fast-forward is not possible:
++
+----
+	    o---o---o---A---B  origin/master
+		     \
+		      X---Y---Z  dev
+----
++
+The above command would change the origin repository to
++
+----
+		      A---B  (unnamed branch)
+		     /
+	    o---o---o---X---Y---Z  master
+----
++
+Commits A and B would no longer belong to a branch with a symbolic name,
+and so would be unreachable.  As such, these commits would be removed by
+a `git gc` command on the origin repository.
+
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, later rewritten in C
diff --git a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
index d4037de51..579e8d2f3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-quiltimport.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-quiltimport - Applies a quilt patchset onto the current branch
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git quiltimport' [--dry-run] [--author <author>] [--patches <dir>]
+'git quiltimport' [--dry-run | -n] [--author <author>] [--patches <dir>]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
index 7160fa153..a10ce4ba4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ git-read-tree - Reads tree information into the index
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git read-tree' (<tree-ish> | [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u | -i]] [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] [--index-output=<file>] <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])
+'git read-tree' [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>]
+		[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]]
+		[--index-output=<file>]
+		<tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]]
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -141,7 +144,7 @@ Two Tree Merge
 Typically, this is invoked as `git read-tree -m $H $M`, where $H
 is the head commit of the current repository, and $M is the head
 of a foreign tree, which is simply ahead of $H (i.e. we are in a
-fast forward situation).
+fast-forward situation).
 
 When two trees are specified, the user is telling 'git-read-tree'
 the following:
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index c8ad86a56..ca5e1e865 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@ git-rebase - Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [-v | --verbose] [-m | --merge]
-	[-s <strategy> | --strategy=<strategy>] [--no-verify]
-	[-C<n>] [ --whitespace=<option>] [-p | --preserve-merges]
-	[--onto <newbase>] <upstream> [<branch>]
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--onto <newbase>]
+	<upstream> [<branch>]
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] --onto <newbase>
+	--root [<branch>]
+
 'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -22,7 +23,8 @@ it remains on the current branch.
 
 All changes made by commits in the current branch but that are not
 in <upstream> are saved to a temporary area.  This is the same set
-of commits that would be shown by `git log <upstream>..HEAD`.
+of commits that would be shown by `git log <upstream>..HEAD` (or
+`git log HEAD`, if --root is specified).
 
 The current branch is reset to <upstream>, or <newbase> if the
 --onto option was supplied.  This has the exact same effect as
@@ -190,6 +192,13 @@ Alternatively, you can undo the 'git-rebase' with
 
     git rebase --abort
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+rebase.stat::
+	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
+	rebase. False by default.
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 <newbase>::
@@ -219,18 +228,39 @@ OPTIONS
 	Use merging strategies to rebase.  When the recursive (default) merge
 	strategy is used, this allows rebase to be aware of renames on the
 	upstream side.
++
+Note that a rebase merge works by replaying each commit from the working
+branch on top of the <upstream> branch.  Because of this, when a merge
+conflict happens, the side reported as 'ours' is the so-far rebased
+series, starting with <upstream>, and 'theirs' is the working branch.  In
+other words, the sides are swapped.
 
 -s <strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
-	Use the given merge strategy; can be supplied more than
-	once to specify them in the order they should be tried.
-	If there is no `-s` option, a built-in list of strategies
-	is used instead ('git-merge-recursive' when merging a single
-	head, 'git-merge-octopus' otherwise).  This implies --merge.
+	Use the given merge strategy.
+	If there is no `-s` option 'git-merge-recursive' is used
+	instead.  This implies --merge.
++
+Because 'git-rebase' replays each commit from the working branch
+on top of the <upstream> branch using the given strategy, using
+the 'ours' strategy simply discards all patches from the <branch>,
+which makes little sense.
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Be quiet. Implies --no-stat.
 
 -v::
 --verbose::
-	Display a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last rebase.
+	Be verbose. Implies --stat.
+
+--stat::
+	Show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last rebase. The
+	diffstat is also controlled by the configuration option rebase.stat.
+
+-n::
+--no-stat::
+	Do not show a diffstat as part of the rebase process.
 
 --no-verify::
 	This option bypasses the pre-rebase hook.  See also linkgit:githooks[5].
@@ -241,9 +271,23 @@ OPTIONS
 	context exist they all must match.  By default no context is
 	ever ignored.
 
---whitespace=<nowarn|warn|error|error-all|strip>::
-	This flag is passed to the 'git-apply' program
+-f::
+--force-rebase::
+	Force the rebase even if the current branch is a descendant
+	of the commit you are rebasing onto.  Normally the command will
+	exit with the message "Current branch is up to date" in such a
+	situation.
+
+--ignore-whitespace::
+--whitespace=<option>::
+	These flag are passed to the 'git-apply' program
 	(see linkgit:git-apply[1]) that applies the patch.
+	Incompatible with the --interactive option.
+
+--committer-date-is-author-date::
+--ignore-date::
+	These flags are passed to 'git-am' to easily change the dates
+	of the rebased commits (see linkgit:git-am[1]).
 
 -i::
 --interactive::
@@ -255,6 +299,15 @@ OPTIONS
 --preserve-merges::
 	Instead of ignoring merges, try to recreate them.
 
+--root::
+	Rebase all commits reachable from <branch>, instead of
+	limiting them with an <upstream>.  This allows you to rebase
+	the root commit(s) on a branch.  Must be used with --onto, and
+	will skip changes already contained in <newbase> (instead of
+	<upstream>).  When used together with --preserve-merges, 'all'
+	root commits will be rewritten to have <newbase> as parent
+	instead.
+
 include::merge-strategies.txt[]
 
 NOTES
@@ -325,14 +378,17 @@ By replacing the command "pick" with the command "edit", you can tell
 the files and/or the commit message, amend the commit, and continue
 rebasing.
 
+If you just want to edit the commit message for a commit, replace the
+command "pick" with the command "reword".
+
 If you want to fold two or more commits into one, replace the command
 "pick" with "squash" for the second and subsequent commit.  If the
 commits had different authors, it will attribute the squashed commit to
 the author of the first commit.
 
-In both cases, or when a "pick" does not succeed (because of merge
-errors), the loop will stop to let you fix things, and you can continue
-the loop with `git rebase --continue`.
+'git-rebase' will stop when "pick" has been replaced with "edit" or
+when a command fails due to merge errors. When you are done editing
+and/or resolving conflicts you can continue with `git rebase --continue`.
 
 For example, if you want to reorder the last 5 commits, such that what
 was HEAD~4 becomes the new HEAD. To achieve that, you would call
diff --git a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
index 6b2f8c4de..cb5f40528 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-receive-pack.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The UI for the protocol is on the 'git-send-pack' side, and the
 program pair is meant to be used to push updates to remote
 repository.  For pull operations, see linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
 
-The command allows for creation and fast forwarding of sha1 refs
+The command allows for creation and fast-forwarding of sha1 refs
 (heads/tags) on the remote end (strictly speaking, it is the
 local end 'git-receive-pack' runs, but to the user who is sitting at
 the send-pack end, it is updating the remote.  Confused?)
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ post-receive Hook
 -----------------
 After all refs were updated (or attempted to be updated), if any
 ref update was successful, and if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-receive
-file exists and is executable, it will be invoke once with no
+file exists and is executable, it will be invoked once with no
 parameters.  The standard input of the hook will be one line
 for each successfully updated ref:
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ post-update Hook
 ----------------
 After all other processing, if at least one ref was updated, and
 if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update file exists and is executable, then
-post-update will called with the list of refs that have been updated.
+post-update will be called with the list of refs that have been updated.
 This can be used to implement any repository wide cleanup tasks.
 
 The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored; the only thing
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
index d99236e14..7f7a5445c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ updated.  This command is to manage the information recorded in it.
 
 The subcommand "expire" is used to prune older reflog entries.
 Entries older than `expire` time, or entries older than
-`expire-unreachable` time and are not reachable from the current
+`expire-unreachable` time and not reachable from the current
 tip, are removed from the reflog.  This is typically not used
 directly by the end users -- instead, see linkgit:git-gc[1].
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ them.
 	which in turn defaults to 90 days.
 
 --expire-unreachable=<time>::
-	Entries older than this time and are not reachable from
+	Entries older than this time and not reachable from
 	the current tip of the branch are pruned.  Without the
 	option it is taken from configuration
 	`gc.reflogExpireUnreachable`, which in turn defaults to
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8beb42dbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+git-remote-helpers(1)
+=====================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-remote-helpers - Helper programs for interoperation with remote git
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+'git remote-<transport>' <remote>
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+These programs are normally not used directly by end users, but are
+invoked by various git programs that interact with remote repositories
+when the repository they would operate on will be accessed using
+transport code not linked into the main git binary. Various particular
+helper programs will behave as documented here.
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+
+Commands are given by the caller on the helper's standard input, one per line.
+
+'capabilities'::
+	Lists the capabilities of the helper, one per line, ending
+	with a blank line.
+
+'list'::
+	Lists the refs, one per line, in the format "<value> <name>
+	[<attr> ...]". The value may be a hex sha1 hash, "@<dest>" for
+	a symref, or "?" to indicate that the helper could not get the
+	value of the ref. A space-separated list of attributes follows
+	the name; unrecognized attributes are ignored. After the
+	complete list, outputs a blank line.
++
+If 'push' is supported this may be called as 'list for-push'
+to obtain the current refs prior to sending one or more 'push'
+commands to the helper.
+
+'option' <name> <value>::
+	Set the transport helper option <name> to <value>.  Outputs a
+	single line containing one of 'ok' (option successfully set),
+	'unsupported' (option not recognized) or 'error <msg>'
+	(option <name> is supported but <value> is not correct
+	for it).  Options should be set before other commands,
+	and may how those commands behave.
++
+Supported if the helper has the "option" capability.
+
+'fetch' <sha1> <name>::
+	Fetches the given object, writing the necessary objects
+	to the database.  Fetch commands are sent in a batch, one
+	per line, and the batch is terminated with a blank line.
+	Outputs a single blank line when all fetch commands in the
+	same batch are complete. Only objects which were reported
+	in the ref list with a sha1 may be fetched this way.
++
+Optionally may output a 'lock <file>' line indicating a file under
+GIT_DIR/objects/pack which is keeping a pack until refs can be
+suitably updated.
++
+Supported if the helper has the "fetch" capability.
+
+'push' +<src>:<dst>::
+	Pushes the given <src> commit or branch locally to the
+	remote branch described by <dst>.  A batch sequence of
+	one or more push commands is terminated with a blank line.
++
+Zero or more protocol options may be entered after the last 'push'
+command, before the batch's terminating blank line.
++
+When the push is complete, outputs one or more 'ok <dst>' or
+'error <dst> <why>?' lines to indicate success or failure of
+each pushed ref.  The status report output is terminated by
+a blank line.  The option field <why> may be quoted in a C
+style string if it contains an LF.
++
+Supported if the helper has the "push" capability.
+
+If a fatal error occurs, the program writes the error message to
+stderr and exits. The caller should expect that a suitable error
+message has been printed if the child closes the connection without
+completing a valid response for the current command.
+
+Additional commands may be supported, as may be determined from
+capabilities reported by the helper.
+
+CAPABILITIES
+------------
+
+'fetch'::
+	This helper supports the 'fetch' command.
+
+'option'::
+	This helper supports the option command.
+
+'push'::
+	This helper supports the 'push' command.
+
+REF LIST ATTRIBUTES
+-------------------
+
+'for-push'::
+	The caller wants to use the ref list to prepare push
+	commands.  A helper might chose to acquire the ref list by
+	opening a different type of connection to the destination.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+'option verbosity' <N>::
+	Change the level of messages displayed by the helper.
+	When N is 0 the end-user has asked the process to be
+	quiet, and the helper should produce only error output.
+	N of 1 is the default level of verbosity, higher values
+	of N correspond to the number of -v flags passed on the
+	command line.
+
+'option progress' \{'true'|'false'\}::
+	Enable (or disable) progress messages displayed by the
+	transport helper during a command.
+
+'option depth' <depth>::
+	Deepen the history of a shallow repository.
+
+'option followtags' \{'true'|'false'\}::
+	If enabled the helper should automatically fetch annotated
+	tag objects if the object the tag points at was transferred
+	during the fetch command.  If the tag is not fetched by
+	the helper a second fetch command will usually be sent to
+	ask for the tag specifically.  Some helpers may be able to
+	use this option to avoid a second network connection.
+
+'option dry-run' \{'true'|'false'\}:
+	If true, pretend the operation completed successfully,
+	but don't actually change any repository data.	For most
+	helpers this only applies to the 'push', if supported.
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+Documentation by Daniel Barkalow.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index fad983e29..c272c92d4 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -13,9 +13,10 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--mirror] <name> <url>
 'git remote rename' <old> <new>
 'git remote rm' <name>
-'git remote show' [-n] <name>
+'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)
+'git remote' [-v | --verbose] 'show' [-n] <name>
 'git remote prune' [-n | --dry-run] <name>
-'git remote update' [group]
+'git remote' [-v | --verbose] 'update' [-p | --prune] [group | remote]...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -v::
 --verbose::
 	Be a little more verbose and show remote url after name.
+	NOTE: This must be placed between `remote` and `subcommand`.
 
 
 COMMANDS
@@ -53,8 +55,7 @@ is created.  You can give more than one `-t <branch>` to track
 multiple branches without grabbing all branches.
 +
 With `-m <master>` option, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set
-up to point at remote's `<master>` branch instead of whatever
-branch the `HEAD` at the remote repository actually points at.
+up to point at remote's `<master>` branch. See also the set-head command.
 +
 In mirror mode, enabled with `\--mirror`, the refs will not be stored
 in the 'refs/remotes/' namespace, but in 'refs/heads/'.  This option
@@ -76,6 +77,30 @@ the configuration file format.
 Remove the remote named <name>. All remote tracking branches and
 configuration settings for the remote are removed.
 
+'set-head'::
+
+Sets or deletes the default branch (`$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD`) for
+the named remote. Having a default branch for a remote is not required,
+but allows the name of the remote to be specified in lieu of a specific
+branch. For example, if the default branch for `origin` is set to
+`master`, then `origin` may be specified wherever you would normally
+specify `origin/master`.
++
+With `-d`, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is deleted.
++
+With `-a`, the remote is queried to determine its `HEAD`, then
+`$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set to the same branch. e.g., if the remote
+`HEAD` is pointed at `next`, "`git remote set-head origin -a`" will set
+`$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` to `refs/remotes/origin/next`. This will
+only work if `refs/remotes/origin/next` already exists; if not it must be
+fetched first.
++
+Use `<branch>` to set `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<name>/HEAD` explicitly. e.g., "git
+remote set-head origin master" will set `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/origin/HEAD` to
+`refs/remotes/origin/master`. This will only work if
+`refs/remotes/origin/master` already exists; if not it must be fetched first.
++
+
 'show'::
 
 Gives some information about the remote <name>.
@@ -90,17 +115,19 @@ These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository
 referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in
 "remotes/<name>".
 +
-With `--dry-run` option, report what branches will be pruned, but do no
+With `--dry-run` option, report what branches will be pruned, but do not
 actually prune them.
 
 'update'::
 
 Fetch updates for a named set of remotes in the repository as defined by
 remotes.<group>.  If a named group is not specified on the command line,
-the configuration parameter remotes.default will get used; if
+the configuration parameter remotes.default will be used; if
 remotes.default is not defined, all remotes which do not have the
 configuration parameter remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate set to true will
 be updated.  (See linkgit:git-config[1]).
++
+With `--prune` option, prune all the remotes that are updated.
 
 
 DISCUSSION
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index aaa885262..c9257a10c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -31,11 +31,14 @@ OPTIONS
 	Instead of incrementally packing the unpacked objects,
 	pack everything referenced into a single pack.
 	Especially useful when packing a repository that is used
-	for private development and there is no need to worry
-	about people fetching via dumb protocols from it.  Use
+	for private development. Use
 	with '-d'.  This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
 	leaves behind, but `git fsck --full` shows as
 	dangling.
++
+Note that users fetching over dumb protocols will have to fetch the
+whole new pack in order to get any contained object, no matter how many
+other objects in that pack they already have locally.
 
 -A::
 	Same as `-a`, unless '-d' is used.  Then any unreachable
diff --git a/Documentation/git-replace.txt b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..65a0da508
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+git-replace(1)
+==============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-replace - Create, list, delete refs to replace objects
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git replace' [-f] <object> <replacement>
+'git replace' -d <object>...
+'git replace' -l [<pattern>]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Adds a 'replace' reference in `.git/refs/replace/`
+
+The name of the 'replace' reference is the SHA1 of the object that is
+replaced. The content of the 'replace' reference is the SHA1 of the
+replacement object.
+
+Unless `-f` is given, the 'replace' reference must not yet exist in
+`.git/refs/replace/` directory.
+
+Replacement references will be used by default by all git commands
+except those doing reachability traversal (prune, pack transfer and
+fsck).
+
+It is possible to disable use of replacement references for any
+command using the `--no-replace-objects` option just after 'git'.
+
+For example if commit 'foo' has been replaced by commit 'bar':
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git --no-replace-objects cat-file commit foo
+------------------------------------------------
+
+shows information about commit 'foo', while:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git cat-file commit foo
+------------------------------------------------
+
+shows information about commit 'bar'.
+
+The 'GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS' environment variable can be set to
+achieve the same effect as the `--no-replace-objects` option.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-f::
+	If an existing replace ref for the same object exists, it will
+	be overwritten (instead of failing).
+
+-d::
+	Delete existing replace refs for the given objects.
+
+-l <pattern>::
+	List replace refs for objects that match the given pattern (or
+	all if no pattern is given).
+	Typing "git replace" without arguments, also lists all replace
+	refs.
+
+BUGS
+----
+Comparing blobs or trees that have been replaced with those that
+replace them will not work properly. And using 'git reset --hard' to
+go back to a replaced commit will move the branch to the replacement
+commit instead of the replaced commit.
+
+There may be other problems when using 'git rev-list' related to
+pending objects. And of course things may break if an object of one
+type is replaced by an object of another type (for example a blob
+replaced by a commit).
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-tag[1]
+linkgit:git-branch[1]
+linkgit:git[1]
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and Junio C
+Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, based on 'git tag' by Kristian Hogsberg
+<krh@redhat.com> and Carlos Rica <jasampler@gmail.com>.
+
+Documentation
+--------------
+Documentation by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the
+git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>, based on 'git tag' documentation.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
index 64715c17d..7dd515b8c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
@@ -12,18 +12,18 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-In a workflow that employs relatively long lived topic branches,
-the developer sometimes needs to resolve the same conflict over
+In a workflow employing relatively long lived topic branches,
+the developer sometimes needs to resolve the same conflicts over
 and over again until the topic branches are done (either merged
 to the "release" branch, or sent out and accepted upstream).
 
-This command helps this process by recording conflicted
-automerge results and corresponding hand-resolve results on the
-initial manual merge, and later by noticing the same automerge
-results and applying the previously recorded hand resolution.
+This command assists the developer in this process by recording
+conflicted automerge results and corresponding hand resolve results
+on the initial manual merge, and applying previously recorded
+hand resolutions to their corresponding automerge results.
 
 [NOTE]
-You need to set the configuration variable rerere.enabled to
+You need to set the configuration variable rerere.enabled in order to
 enable this command.
 
 
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ for resolutions.
 
 'gc'::
 
-This command is used to prune records of conflicted merge that
-occurred long time ago.  By default, conflicts older than 15
-days that you have not recorded their resolution, and conflicts
-older than 60 days, are pruned.  These are controlled with
+This prunes records of conflicted merges that
+occurred a long time ago.  By default, unresolved conflicts older
+than 15 days and resolved conflicts older than 60
+days are pruned.  These defaults are controlled via the
 `gc.rerereunresolved` and `gc.rerereresolved` configuration
-variables.
+variables respectively.
 
 
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 
-When your topic branch modifies overlapping area that your
+When your topic branch modifies an overlapping area that your
 master branch (or upstream) touched since your topic branch
 forked from it, you may want to test it with the latest master,
 even before your topic branch is ready to be pushed upstream:
@@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ top of the tip before the test merge:
 This would leave only one merge commit when your topic branch is
 finally ready and merged into the master branch.  This merge
 would require you to resolve the conflict, introduced by the
-commits marked with `*`.  However, often this conflict is the
+commits marked with `*`.  However, this conflict is often the
 same conflict you resolved when you created the test merge you
-blew away.  'git-rerere' command helps you to resolve this final
+blew away.  'git-rerere' helps you resolve this final
 conflicted merge using the information from your earlier hand
 resolve.
 
@@ -150,33 +150,32 @@ Running the 'git-rerere' command immediately after a conflicted
 automerge records the conflicted working tree files, with the
 usual conflict markers `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` in
 them.  Later, after you are done resolving the conflicts,
-running 'git-rerere' again records the resolved state of these
+running 'git-rerere' again will record the resolved state of these
 files.  Suppose you did this when you created the test merge of
 master into the topic branch.
 
-Next time, running 'git-rerere' after seeing a conflicted
-automerge, if the conflict is the same as the earlier one
-recorded, it is noticed and a three-way merge between the
+Next time, after seeing the same conflicted automerge,
+running 'git-rerere' will perform a three-way merge between the
 earlier conflicted automerge, the earlier manual resolution, and
-the current conflicted automerge is performed by the command.
+the current conflicted automerge.
 If this three-way merge resolves cleanly, the result is written
-out to your working tree file, so you would not have to manually
+out to your working tree file, so you do not have to manually
 resolve it.  Note that 'git-rerere' leaves the index file alone,
 so you still need to do the final sanity checks with `git diff`
 (or `git diff -c`) and 'git-add' when you are satisfied.
 
 As a convenience measure, 'git-merge' automatically invokes
-'git-rerere' when it exits with a failed automerge, which
-records it if it is a new conflict, or reuses the earlier hand
+'git-rerere' upon exiting with a failed automerge and 'git-rerere'
+records the hand resolve when it is a new conflict, or reuses the earlier hand
 resolve when it is not.  'git-commit' also invokes 'git-rerere'
-when recording a merge result.  What this means is that you do
-not have to do anything special yourself (Note: you still have
-to set the config variable rerere.enabled to enable this command).
+when committing a merge result.  What this means is that you do
+not have to do anything special yourself (besides enabling
+the rerere.enabled config variable).
 
-In our example, when you did the test merge, the manual
+In our example, when you do the test merge, the manual
 resolution is recorded, and it will be reused when you do the
-actual merge later with updated master and topic branch, as long
-as the earlier resolution is still applicable.
+actual merge later with the updated master and topic branch, as long
+as the recorded resolution is still applicable.
 
 The information 'git-rerere' records is also used when running
 'git-rebase'.  After blowing away the test merge and continuing
@@ -194,11 +193,11 @@ development on the topic branch:
     o---o---o---*---o---o---o---o   master
 ------------
 
-you could run `git rebase master topic`, to keep yourself
-up-to-date even before your topic is ready to be sent upstream.
-This would result in falling back to three-way merge, and it
-would conflict the same way the test merge you resolved earlier.
-'git-rerere' is run by 'git-rebase' to help you resolve this
+you could run `git rebase master topic`, to bring yourself
+up-to-date before your topic is ready to be sent upstream.
+This would result in falling back to a three-way merge, and it
+would conflict the same way as the test merge you resolved earlier.
+'git-rerere' will be run by 'git-rebase' to help you resolve this
 conflict.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
index 52aab5e68..2d27e405a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ git-reset - Reset current HEAD to the specified state
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [-q] [<commit>]
+'git reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge] [-q] [<commit>]
 'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...
+'git reset' --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -23,8 +24,9 @@ the undo in the history.
 If you want to undo a commit other than the latest on a branch,
 linkgit:git-revert[1] is your friend.
 
-The second form with 'paths' is used to revert selected paths in
-the index from a given commit, without moving HEAD.
+The second and third forms with 'paths' and/or --patch are used to
+revert selected paths in the index from a given commit, without moving
+HEAD.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -45,6 +47,20 @@ OPTIONS
 	switched to. Any changes to tracked files in the working tree
 	since <commit> are lost.
 
+--merge::
+	Resets the index to match the tree recorded by the named commit,
+	and updates the files that are different between the named commit
+	and the current commit in the working tree.
+
+-p::
+--patch::
+	Interactively select hunks in the difference between the index
+	and <commit> (defaults to HEAD).  The chosen hunks are applied
+	in reverse to the index.
++
+This means that `git reset -p` is the opposite of `git add -p` (see
+linkgit:git-add[1]).
+
 -q::
 	Be quiet, only report errors.
 
@@ -130,11 +146,11 @@ Undo a merge or pull::
 $ git pull                         <1>
 Auto-merging nitfol
 CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in nitfol
-Automatic merge failed/prevented; fix up by hand
+Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
 $ git reset --hard                 <2>
 $ git pull . topic/branch          <3>
 Updating from 41223... to 13134...
-Fast forward
+Fast-forward
 $ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD       <4>
 ------------
 +
@@ -145,13 +161,35 @@ right now, so you decide to do that later.
 which is a synonym for "git reset --hard HEAD" clears the mess
 from the index file and the working tree.
 <3> Merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted
-in a fast forward.
+in a fast-forward.
 <4> But you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public
 consumption yet.  "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original
 tip of the current branch in ORIG_HEAD, so resetting hard to it
 brings your index file and the working tree back to that state,
 and resets the tip of the branch to that commit.
 
+Undo a merge or pull inside a dirty work tree::
++
+------------
+$ git pull                         <1>
+Auto-merging nitfol
+Merge made by recursive.
+ nitfol                |   20 +++++----
+ ...
+$ git reset --merge ORIG_HEAD      <2>
+------------
++
+<1> Even if you may have local modifications in your
+working tree, you can safely say "git pull" when you know
+that the change in the other branch does not overlap with
+them.
+<2> After inspecting the result of the merge, you may find
+that the change in the other branch is unsatisfactory.  Running
+"git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD" will let you go back to where you
+were, but it will discard your local changes, which you do not
+want.  "git reset --merge" keeps your local changes.
+
+
 Interrupted workflow::
 +
 Suppose you are interrupted by an urgent fix request while you
@@ -177,6 +215,8 @@ $ git reset                                       <3>
 <3> At this point the index file still has all the WIP changes you
     committed as 'snapshot WIP'.  This updates the index to show your
     WIP files as uncommitted.
++
+See also linkgit:git-stash[1].
 
 Reset a single file in the index::
 +
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
index 1c9cc2889..3341d1b62 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-list.txt
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	     [ \--max-age=timestamp ]
 	     [ \--min-age=timestamp ]
 	     [ \--sparse ]
+	     [ \--merges ]
 	     [ \--no-merges ]
 	     [ \--first-parent ]
 	     [ \--remove-empty ]
@@ -50,20 +51,26 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order starting at the
-given commit(s), taking ancestry relationship into account.  This is
-useful to produce human-readable log output.
+List commits that are reachable by following the `parent` links from the
+given commit(s), but exclude commits that are reachable from the one(s)
+given with a '{caret}' in front of them.  The output is given in reverse
+chronological order by default.
 
-Commits which are stated with a preceding '{caret}' cause listing to
-stop at that point. Their parents are implied. Thus the following
-command:
+You can think of this as a set operation.  Commits given on the command
+line form a set of commits that are reachable from any of them, and then
+commits reachable from any of the ones given with '{caret}' in front are
+subtracted from that set.  The remaining commits are what comes out in the
+command's output.  Various other options and paths parameters can be used
+to further limit the result.
+
+Thus, the following command:
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 	$ git rev-list foo bar ^baz
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-means "list all the commits which are included in 'foo' and 'bar', but
-not in 'baz'".
+means "list all the commits which are reachable from 'foo' or 'bar', but
+not from 'baz'".
 
 A special notation "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" can be used as a
 short-hand for "{caret}'<commit1>' '<commit2>'". For example, either of
@@ -83,7 +90,7 @@ between the two operands.  The following two commands are equivalent:
 	$ git rev-list A...B
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-'git-rev-list' is a very essential git program, since it
+'rev-list' is a very essential git command, since it
 provides the ability to build and traverse commit ancestry graphs. For
 this reason, it has a lot of different options that enables it to be
 used by commands as different as 'git-bisect' and
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index 2921da320..82045a252 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -26,10 +26,20 @@ OPTIONS
 --parseopt::
 	Use 'git-rev-parse' in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
 
---keep-dash-dash::
+--keep-dashdash::
 	Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Tells the option parser to echo
 	out the first `--` met instead of skipping it.
 
+--stop-at-non-option::
+	Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode.  Lets the option parser stop at
+	the first non-option argument.  This can be used to parse sub-commands
+	that take options themself.
+
+--sq-quote::
+	Use 'git-rev-parse' in shell quoting mode (see SQ-QUOTE
+	section below). In contrast to the `--sq` option below, this
+	mode does only quoting. Nothing else is done to command input.
+
 --revs-only::
 	Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
 	'git-rev-list' command.
@@ -64,7 +74,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	properly quoted for consumption by shell.  Useful when
 	you expect your parameter to contain whitespaces and
 	newlines (e.g. when using pickaxe `-S` with
-	'git-diff-\*').
+	'git-diff-\*'). In contrast to the `--sq-quote` option,
+	the command input is still interpreted as usual.
 
 --not::
 	When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
@@ -84,6 +95,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	unfortunately named tag "master"), and show them as full
 	refnames (e.g. "refs/heads/master").
 
+--abbrev-ref[={strict|loose}]::
+	A non-ambiguous short name of the objects name.
+	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
+	abbreviation mode.
+
 --all::
 	Show all refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs`.
 
@@ -212,6 +228,9 @@ when you run 'git-merge'.
   reflog of the current branch. For example, if you are on the
   branch 'blabla', then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'.
 
+* The special construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out
+  before the current one.
+
 * A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of
   that commit object.  '{caret}<n>' means the <n>th parent (i.e.
   'rev{caret}'
@@ -296,18 +315,18 @@ previous section means the set of commits reachable from that
 commit, following the commit ancestry chain.
 
 To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix `{caret}`
-notation is used.  E.g. "`{caret}r1 r2`" means commits reachable
+notation is used.  E.g. `{caret}r1 r2` means commits reachable
 from `r2` but exclude the ones reachable from `r1`.
 
 This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
 for it.  When you have two commits `r1` and `r2` (named according
 to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask
 for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable
-from r1 by "`{caret}r1 r2`" and it can be written as "`r1..r2`".
+from r1 by `{caret}r1 r2` and it can be written as `r1..r2`.
 
-A similar notation "`r1\...r2`" is called symmetric difference
+A similar notation `r1\...r2` is called symmetric difference
 of `r1` and `r2` and is defined as
-"`r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)`".
+`r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)`.
 It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
 `r1` or `r2` but not from both.
 
@@ -398,6 +417,33 @@ C?        option C with an optional argument"
 eval `echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?`
 ------------
 
+SQ-QUOTE
+--------
+
+In `--sq-quote` mode, 'git-rev-parse' echoes on the standard output a
+single line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`. This line is made by
+normalizing the arguments following `--sq-quote`. Nothing other than
+quoting the arguments is done.
+
+If you want command input to still be interpreted as usual by
+'git-rev-parse' before the output is shell quoted, see the `--sq`
+option.
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+------------
+$ cat >your-git-script.sh <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")   # quote user-supplied arguments
+command="git frotz -n24 $args"          # and use it inside a handcrafted
+					# command line
+eval "$command"
+EOF
+
+$ sh your-git-script.sh "a b'c"
+------------
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-revert.txt b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
index caa07298a..5e1175800 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-revert.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
@@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ OPTIONS
 	option specifies the parent number (starting from 1) of
 	the mainline and allows revert to reverse the change
 	relative to the specified parent.
++
+Reverting a merge commit declares that you will never want the tree changes
+brought in by the merge.  As a result, later merges will only bring in tree
+changes introduced by commits that are not ancestors of the previously
+reverted merge.  This may or may not be what you want.
++
+See the link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for
+more details.
 
 --no-edit::
 	With this option, 'git-revert' will not start the commit
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rm.txt b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
index 5afb1e742..c21d19e57 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Remove files from the index, or from the working tree and the index.
-'git-rm' will not remove a file from just your working directory.
-(There is no option to remove a file only from the work tree
+`git rm` will not remove a file from just your working directory.
+(There is no option to remove a file only from the working tree
 and yet keep it in the index; use `/bin/rm` if you want to do that.)
 The files being removed have to be identical to the tip of the branch,
 and no updates to their contents can be staged in the index,
 though that default behavior can be overridden with the `-f` option.
-When '--cached' is given, the staged content has to
+When `--cached` is given, the staged content has to
 match either the tip of the branch or the file on disk,
 allowing the file to be removed from just the index.
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
-	'git-rm' normally outputs one line (in the form of an "rm" command)
+	`git rm` normally outputs one line (in the form of an `rm` command)
 	for each file removed. This option suppresses that output.
 
 
@@ -81,6 +81,58 @@ two directories `d` and `d2`, there is a difference between
 using `git rm \'d\*\'` and `git rm \'d/\*\'`, as the former will
 also remove all of directory `d2`.
 
+REMOVING FILES THAT HAVE DISAPPEARED FROM THE FILESYSTEM
+--------------------------------------------------------
+There is no option for `git rm` to remove from the index only
+the paths that have disappeared from the filesystem. However,
+depending on the use case, there are several ways that can be
+done.
+
+Using "git commit -a"
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+If you intend that your next commit should record all modifications
+of tracked files in the working tree and record all removals of
+files that have been removed from the working tree with `rm`
+(as opposed to `git rm`), use `git commit -a`, as it will
+automatically notice and record all removals.  You can also have a
+similar effect without committing by using `git add -u`.
+
+Using "git add -A"
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+When accepting a new code drop for a vendor branch, you probably
+want to record both the removal of paths and additions of new paths
+as well as modifications of existing paths.
+
+Typically you would first remove all tracked files from the working
+tree using this command:
+
+----------------
+git ls-files -z | xargs -0 rm -f
+----------------
+
+and then "untar" the new code in the working tree. Alternately
+you could "rsync" the changes into the working tree.
+
+After that, the easiest way to record all removals, additions, and
+modifications in the working tree is:
+
+----------------
+git add -A
+----------------
+
+See linkgit:git-add[1].
+
+Other ways
+~~~~~~~~~~
+If all you really want to do is to remove from the index the files
+that are no longer present in the working tree (perhaps because
+your working tree is dirty so that you cannot use `git commit -a`),
+use the following command:
+
+----------------
+git diff --name-only --diff-filter=D -z | xargs -0 git rm --cached
+----------------
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 git rm Documentation/\\*.txt::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index acf8bf41d..8c482f40b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -14,11 +14,28 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out.
+Patches can be specified as files, directories (which will send all
+files in the directory), or directly as a revision list.  In the
+last case, any format accepted by linkgit:git-format-patch[1] can
+be passed to git send-email.
 
 The header of the email is configurable by command line options.  If not
 specified on the command line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine
 enabled interface to provide the necessary information.
 
+There are two formats accepted for patch files:
+
+1. mbox format files
++
+This is what linkgit:git-format-patch[1] generates.  Most headers and MIME
+formatting are ignored.
+
+2. The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman's 'send_lots_of_email.pl'
+script
++
+This format expects the first line of the file to contain the "Cc:" value
+and the "Subject:" of the message as the second line.
+
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -26,53 +43,57 @@ OPTIONS
 Composing
 ~~~~~~~~~
 
---bcc::
+--annotate::
+	Review and edit each patch you're about to send. See the
+	CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
+
+--bcc=<address>::
 	Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
 	'sendemail.bcc'.
 +
 The --bcc option must be repeated for each user you want on the bcc list.
 
---cc::
+--cc=<address>::
 	Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email.
+	Default is the value of 'sendemail.cc'.
 +
 The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list.
 
---annotate::
-	Review each patch you're about to send in an editor. The setting
-	'sendemail.multiedit' defines if this will spawn one editor per patch
-	or one for all of them at once.
-
 --compose::
-	Use $GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, $VISUAL, or $EDITOR to edit an
-	introductory message for the patch series.
+	Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in linkgit:git-var[1])
+	to edit an introductory message for the patch series.
 +
-When compose is in used, git send-email gets less interactive will use the
-values of the headers you set there. If the body of the email (what you type
-after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank (or GIT: prefixed)
-lines, the summary won't be sent, but git-send-email will still use the
-Headers values if you don't removed them.
+When '--compose' is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
+In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
+(what you type after the headers and a blank line) only contains blank
+(or GIT: prefixed) lines the summary won't be sent, but From, Subject,
+and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
 +
-If it wasn't able to see a header in the summary it will ask you about it
-interactively after quitting your editor.
+Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
++
+See the CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
 
---from::
-	Specify the sender of the emails.  This will default to
-	the value GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT, as returned by "git var -l".
-	The user will still be prompted to confirm this entry.
+--from=<address>::
+	Specify the sender of the emails.  If not specified on the command line,
+	the value of the 'sendemail.from' configuration option is used.  If
+	neither the command line option nor 'sendemail.from' are set, then the
+	user will be prompted for the value.  The default for the prompt will be
+	the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
+	set, as returned by "git var -l".
 
---in-reply-to::
+--in-reply-to=<identifier>::
 	Specify the contents of the first In-Reply-To header.
 	Subsequent emails will refer to the previous email
 	instead of this if --chain-reply-to is set (the default)
 	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 	is not set, this will be prompted for.
 
---subject::
+--subject=<string>::
 	Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
 	Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 	is not set, this will be prompted for.
 
---to::
+--to=<address>::
 	Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
 	will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
 	value of the 'sendemail.to' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
@@ -84,20 +105,21 @@ The --to option must be repeated for each user you want on the to list.
 Sending
 ~~~~~~~
 
---envelope-sender::
+--envelope-sender=<address>::
 	Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails.
 	This is useful if your default address is not the address that is
-	subscribed to a list. If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
-	suitable privileges for the -f parameter. Default is the value of
-	the 'sendemail.envelopesender' configuration variable; if that is
+	subscribed to a list. In order to use the 'From' address, set the
+	value to "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
+	suitable privileges for the -f parameter.  Default is the value of the
+	'sendemail.envelopesender' configuration variable; if that is
 	unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
 
---smtp-encryption::
+--smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
 	Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'.  Any other
 	value reverts to plain SMTP.  Default is the value of
 	'sendemail.smtpencryption'.
 
---smtp-pass::
+--smtp-pass[=<password>]::
 	Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
 	argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
 	the password. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtppass',
@@ -109,7 +131,7 @@ or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
 specified (with '--smtp-pass' or 'sendemail.smtppass'), then the
 user is prompted for a password while the input is masked for privacy.
 
---smtp-server::
+--smtp-server=<host>::
 	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
 	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  Alternatively it can
 	specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
@@ -119,15 +141,18 @@ user is prompted for a password while the input is masked for privacy.
 	`/usr/lib/sendmail` if such program is available, or
 	`localhost` otherwise.
 
---smtp-server-port::
+--smtp-server-port=<port>::
 	Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP
-	servers typically listen to smtp port 25 and ssmtp port
-	465). This can be set with 'sendemail.smtpserverport'.
+	servers typically listen to smtp port 25, but may also listen to
+	submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465);
+	symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 587)
+	are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
+	'sendemail.smtpserverport' configuration variable.
 
 --smtp-ssl::
 	Legacy alias for '--smtp-encryption ssl'.
 
---smtp-user::
+--smtp-user=<user>::
 	Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of 'sendemail.smtpuser';
 	if a username is not specified (with '--smtp-user' or 'sendemail.smtpuser'),
 	then authentication is not attempted.
@@ -136,7 +161,7 @@ user is prompted for a password while the input is masked for privacy.
 Automating
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
---cc-cmd::
+--cc-cmd=<command>::
 	Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
 	should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
 	Output of this command must be single email address per line.
@@ -150,7 +175,7 @@ Automating
 	entire patch series. Default is the value of the 'sendemail.chainreplyto'
 	configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --chain-reply-to.
 
---identity::
+--identity=<identity>::
 	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
 	'sendemail.<identity>' subsection to take precedence over
 	values in the 'sendemail' section. The default identity is
@@ -161,16 +186,27 @@ Automating
 	cc list. Default is the value of 'sendemail.signedoffbycc' configuration
 	value; if that is unspecified, default to --signed-off-by-cc.
 
---suppress-cc::
+--suppress-cc=<category>::
 	Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the
-	auto-cc of.  'self' will avoid including the sender, 'author' will
-	avoid including the patch author, 'cc' will avoid including anyone
-	mentioned in Cc lines in the patch, 'sob' will avoid including
-	anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines, and 'cccmd' will avoid
-	running the --cc-cmd.  'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
-	Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppresscc' configuration value;
-	if that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is
-	specified, as well as 'sob' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.
+	auto-cc of:
++
+--
+- 'author' will avoid including the patch author
+- 'self' will avoid including the sender
+- 'cc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header
+  except for self (use 'self' for that).
+- 'bodycc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the
+  patch body (commit message) except for self (use 'self' for that).
+- 'sob' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines except
+   for self (use 'self' for that).
+- 'cccmd' will avoid running the --cc-cmd.
+- 'body' is equivalent to 'sob' + 'bodycc'
+- 'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
+--
++
+Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppresscc' configuration value; if
+that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is
+specified, as well as 'body' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.
 
 --[no-]suppress-from::
 	If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list.
@@ -178,18 +214,52 @@ Automating
 	value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.
 
 --[no-]thread::
-	If this is set, the In-Reply-To header will be set on each email sent.
-	If disabled with "--no-thread", no emails will have the In-Reply-To
-	header set. Default is the value of the 'sendemail.thread' configuration
-	value; if that is unspecified, default to --thread.
+	If this is set, the In-Reply-To and References headers will be
+	added to each email sent.  Whether each mail refers to the
+	previous email (`deep` threading per 'git format-patch'
+	wording) or to the first email (`shallow` threading) is
+	governed by "--[no-]chain-reply-to".
++
+If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
+(unless specified with --in-reply-to).  Default is the value of the
+'sendemail.thread' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+default to --thread.
++
+It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
+exists when 'git send-email' is asked to add it (especially note that
+'git format-patch' can be configured to do the threading itself).
+Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the
+recipient's MUA.
 
 
 Administering
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
+--confirm=<mode>::
+	Confirm just before sending:
++
+--
+- 'always' will always confirm before sending
+- 'never' will never confirm before sending
+- 'cc' will confirm before sending when send-email has automatically
+  added addresses from the patch to the Cc list
+- 'compose' will confirm before sending the first message when using --compose.
+- 'auto' is equivalent to 'cc' + 'compose'
+--
++
+Default is the value of 'sendemail.confirm' configuration value; if that
+is unspecified, default to 'auto' unless any of the suppress options
+have been specified, in which case default to 'compose'.
+
 --dry-run::
 	Do everything except actually send the emails.
 
+--[no-]format-patch::
+	When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
+	choose to understand it as a format-patch argument ('--format-patch')
+	or as a file name ('--no-format-patch'). By default, when such a conflict
+	occurs, git send-email will fail.
+
 --quiet::
 	Make git-send-email less verbose.  One line per email should be
 	all that is output.
@@ -197,12 +267,6 @@ Administering
 --[no-]validate::
 	Perform sanity checks on patches.
 	Currently, validation means the following:
-
---[no-]format-patch::
-	When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
-	choose to understand it as a format-patch argument ('--format-patch')
-	or as a file name ('--no-format-patch'). By default, when such a conflict
-	occurs, git send-email will fail.
 +
 --
 		*	Warn of patches that contain lines longer than 998 characters; this
@@ -222,7 +286,7 @@ sendemail.aliasesfile::
 
 sendemail.aliasfiletype::
 	Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesfile. Must be
-	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', or 'gnus'.
+	one of 'mutt', 'mailrc', 'pine', 'elm', or 'gnus'.
 
 sendemail.multiedit::
 	If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit
@@ -230,6 +294,11 @@ sendemail.multiedit::
 	summary when '--compose' is used). If false, files will be edited one
 	after the other, spawning a new editor each time.
 
+sendemail.confirm::
+	Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be
+	one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See '--confirm'
+	in the previous section for the meaning of these values.
+
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
index 399821832..5a04c6eaf 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-pack.txt
@@ -105,11 +105,11 @@ name. See linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
 Without '--force', the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if
 <dst> does not exist, or <dst> is a proper subset (i.e. an
-ancestor) of <src>.  This check, known as "fast forward check",
+ancestor) of <src>.  This check, known as "fast-forward check",
 is performed in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the
 remote ref and lose other peoples' commits from there.
 
-With '--force', the fast forward check is disabled for all refs.
+With '--force', the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.
 
 Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus '+' sign
 to disable the fast-forward check only on that ref.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shell.txt b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
index ff420f8f8..0f3ad811c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shell.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shell.txt
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ of server-side GIT commands implementing the pull/push functionality.
 The commands can be executed only by the '-c' option; the shell is not
 interactive.
 
-Currently, only the 'git-receive-pack' and 'git-upload-pack' commands
-are permitted to be called, with a single required argument.
+Currently, only four commands are permitted to be called, 'git-receive-pack'
+'git-upload-pack' and 'git-upload-archive' with a single required argument, or
+'cvs server' (to invoke 'git-cvsserver').
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index 7ccf31ccc..42463a955 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -45,19 +45,16 @@ OPTIONS
 	and subsequent lines are indented by `indent2` spaces. `width`,
 	`indent1`, and `indent2` default to 76, 6 and 9 respectively.
 
-FILES
------
-
-If the file `.mailmap` exists, it will be used for mapping author
-email addresses to a real author name. One mapping per line, first
-the author name followed by the email address enclosed by
-'<' and '>'. Use hash '#' for comments. Example:
-
-------------
-# Keep alphabetized
-Adam Morrow <adam@localhost.localdomain>
-Eve Jones <eve@laptop.(none)>
-------------
+
+MAPPING AUTHORS
+---------------
+
+The `.mailmap` feature is used to coalesce together commits by the same
+person in the shortlog, where their name and/or email address was
+spelled differently.
+
+include::mailmap.txt[]
+
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
index d3f258869..734336119 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
@@ -8,9 +8,12 @@ git-show-branch - Show branches and their commits
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git show-branch' [--all] [--remotes] [--topo-order] [--current]
+'git show-branch' [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order]
+		[--current] [--color | --no-color] [--sparse]
 		[--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base]
-		[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [<rev> | <glob>]...
+		[--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics]
+		[<rev> | <glob>]...
+
 'git show-branch' (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -30,7 +33,7 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 <rev>::
 	Arbitrary extended SHA1 expression (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1])
-	that typically names a branch HEAD or a tag.
+	that typically names a branch head or a tag.
 
 <glob>::
 	A glob pattern that matches branch or tag names under
@@ -57,6 +60,11 @@ OPTIONS
         appear in topological order (i.e., descendant commits
         are shown before their parents).
 
+--date-order::
+	This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
+	parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise commits
+	are ordered according to their commit date.
+
 --sparse::
 	By default, the output omits merges that are reachable
 	from only one tip being shown.  This option makes them
@@ -74,9 +82,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Synonym to `--more=-1`
 
 --merge-base::
-	Instead of showing the commit list, just act like the
-	'git-merge-base -a' command, except that it can accept
-	more than two heads.
+	Instead of showing the commit list, determine possible
+	merge bases for the specified commits. All merge bases
+	will be contained in all specified commits. This is
+	different from how linkgit:git-merge-base[1] handles
+	the case of three or more commits.
 
 --independent::
 	Among the <reference>s given, display only the ones that
@@ -99,14 +109,22 @@ OPTIONS
 	will show the revisions given by "git rev-list {caret}master
 	topic1 topic2"
 
+-g::
 --reflog[=<n>[,<base>]] [<ref>]::
 	Shows <n> most recent ref-log entries for the given
 	ref.  If <base> is given, <n> entries going back from
 	that entry.  <base> can be specified as count or date.
-	`-g` can be used as a short-hand for this option.  When
-	no explicit <ref> parameter is given, it defaults to the
+	When no explicit <ref> parameter is given, it defaults to the
 	current branch (or `HEAD` if it is detached).
 
+--color::
+	Color the status sign (one of these: `*` `!` `+` `-`) of each commit
+	corresponding to the branch it's in.
+
+--no-color::
+	Turn off colored output, even when the configuration file gives the
+	default to color output.
+
 Note that --more, --list, --independent and --merge-base options
 are mutually exclusive.
 
@@ -148,9 +166,10 @@ $ git show-branch master fixes mhf
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 These three branches all forked from a common commit, [master],
-whose commit message is "Add 'git show-branch'.  "fixes" branch
-adds one commit 'Introduce "reset type"'.  "mhf" branch has many
-other commits.  The current branch is "master".
+whose commit message is "Add \'git show-branch\'". The "fixes"
+branch adds one commit "Introduce "reset type" flag to "git reset"".
+The "mhf" branch adds many other commits. The current branch
+is "master".
 
 
 EXAMPLE
@@ -172,7 +191,7 @@ only the primary branches.  In addition, if you happen to be on
 your topic branch, it is shown as well.
 
 ------------
-$ git show-branch --reflog='10,1 hour ago' --list master
+$ git show-branch --reflog="10,1 hour ago" --list master
 ------------
 
 shows 10 reflog entries going back from the tip as of 1 hour ago.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
index 2f173fff3..70f400b26 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@ git-show-ref - List references in a local repository
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git show-ref' [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [-h|--head] [-d|--dereference]
-	     [-s|--hash] [--abbrev] [--tags] [--heads] [--] <pattern>...
-'git show-ref' --exclude-existing[=pattern]
+'git show-ref' [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference]
+	     [-s|--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags]
+	     [--heads] [--] <pattern>...
+'git show-ref' --exclude-existing[=<pattern>] < ref-list
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -24,12 +25,11 @@ The --exclude-existing form is a filter that does the inverse, it shows the
 refs from stdin that don't exist in the local repository.
 
 Use of this utility is encouraged in favor of directly accessing files under
-in the `.git` directory.
+the `.git` directory.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
--h::
 --head::
 
 	Show the HEAD reference.
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	appended.
 
 -s::
---hash::
+--hash[=<n>]::
 
-	Only show the SHA1 hash, not the reference name. When also using
+	Only show the SHA1 hash, not the reference name. When combined with
 	--dereference the dereferenced tag will still be shown after the SHA1.
 
 --verify::
@@ -59,11 +59,10 @@ OPTIONS
 	Aside from returning an error code of 1, it will also print an error
 	message if '--quiet' was not specified.
 
---abbrev::
---abbrev=len::
+--abbrev[=<n>]::
 
 	Abbreviate the object name.  When using `--hash`, you do
-	not have to say `--hash --abbrev`; `--hash=len` would do.
+	not have to say `--hash --abbrev`; `--hash=n` would do.
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
@@ -71,8 +70,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Do not print any results to stdout. When combined with '--verify' this
 	can be used to silently check if a reference exists.
 
---exclude-existing::
---exclude-existing=pattern::
+--exclude-existing[=<pattern>]::
 
 	Make 'git-show-ref' act as a filter that reads refs from stdin of the
 	form "^(?:<anything>\s)?<refname>(?:\^\{\})?$" and performs the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stage.txt b/Documentation/git-stage.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7f251a586
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-stage.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+git-stage(1)
+==============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-stage - Add file contents to the staging area
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git stage' args...
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This is a synonym for linkgit:git-add[1].  Please refer to the
+documentation of that command.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
index 051f94d26..3f14b727b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git stash' list [<options>]
-'git stash' (show | drop | pop ) [<stash>]
-'git stash' apply [--index] [<stash>]
+'git stash' show [<stash>]
+'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
+'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
-'git stash' [save [--keep-index] [<message>]]
+'git stash' [save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
 'git stash' clear
 'git stash' create
 
@@ -41,15 +42,27 @@ is also possible).
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
-save [--keep-index] [<message>]::
+save [--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
 
 	Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset
-	--hard` to revert them.  This is the default action when no
-	subcommand is given. The <message> part is optional and gives
-	the description along with the stashed state.
+	--hard` to revert them.  The <message> part is optional and gives
+	the description along with the stashed state.  For quickly making
+	a snapshot, you can omit _both_ "save" and <message>, but giving
+	only <message> does not trigger this action to prevent a misspelled
+	subcommand from making an unwanted stash.
 +
 If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the
 index are left intact.
++
+With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from in the diff
+between HEAD and the working tree to be stashed.  The stash entry is
+constructed such that its index state is the same as the index state
+of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you
+selected interactively.  The selected changes are then rolled back
+from your worktree.
++
+The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`.  You can use
+`--no-keep-index` to override this.
 
 list [<options>]::
 
@@ -75,19 +88,27 @@ show [<stash>]::
 	it will accept any format known to 'git-diff' (e.g., `git stash show
 	-p stash@\{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form).
 
-apply [--index] [<stash>]::
+pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
-	Restore the changes recorded in the stash on top of the current
-	working tree state.  When no `<stash>` is given, applies the latest
-	one.  The working directory must match the index.
+	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it
+	on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse
+	operation of `git stash save`. The working directory must
+	match the index.
 +
-This operation can fail with conflicts; you need to resolve them
-by hand in the working tree.
+Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not
+removed from the stash list. You need to resolve the conflicts by hand
+and call `git stash drop` manually afterwards.
 +
 If the `--index` option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working
 tree's changes, but also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you
 have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no
 longer apply the changes as they were originally).
++
+When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@\{0}` is assumed.
+
+apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
+
+	Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list.
 
 branch <branchname> [<stash>]::
 
@@ -105,19 +126,14 @@ no conflicts.
 
 clear::
 	Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then
-	be subject to pruning, and may be difficult or impossible to recover.
+	be subject to pruning, and may be impossible to recover (see
+	'Examples' below for a possible strategy).
 
-drop [<stash>]::
+drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
 	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>`
 	is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@\{0}`
 
-pop [<stash>]::
-
-	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply on top
-	of the current working tree state. When no `<stash>` is given,
-	`stash@\{0}` is assumed. See also `apply`.
-
 create::
 
 	Create a stash (which is a regular commit object) and return its
@@ -163,7 +179,7 @@ $ git pull
 file foobar not up to date, cannot merge.
 $ git stash
 $ git pull
-$ git stash apply
+$ git stash pop
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Interrupted workflow::
@@ -192,7 +208,7 @@ You can use 'git-stash' to simplify the above, like this:
 $ git stash
 $ edit emergency fix
 $ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
-$ git stash apply
+$ git stash pop
 # ... continue hacking ...
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -214,6 +230,20 @@ $ edit/build/test remaining parts
 $ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts'
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
+Recovering stashes that were cleared/dropped erroneously::
+
+If you mistakenly drop or clear stashes, they cannot be recovered
+through the normal safety mechanisms.  However, you can try the
+following incantation to get a list of stashes that are still in your
+repository, but not reachable any more:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+git fsck --unreachable |
+grep commit | cut -d\  -f3 |
+xargs git log --merges --no-walk --grep=WIP
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-checkout[1],
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index babaa9bc4..4ef70c42e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -9,12 +9,14 @@ git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b branch] [--] <repository> <path>
-'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b branch]
+	      [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach <command>
+'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase]
+	      [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
 'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--] [<path>...]
 
 
@@ -67,7 +69,11 @@ add::
 	to the changeset to be committed next to the current
 	project: the current project is termed the "superproject".
 +
-This requires two arguments: <repository> and <path>.
+This requires at least one argument: <repository>. The optional
+argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule
+to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the
+"humanish" part of the source repository is used ("repo" for
+"/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git").
 +
 <repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
 This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
@@ -87,7 +93,7 @@ use by subsequent users cloning the superproject. If the URL is
 given relative to the superproject's repository, the presumption
 is the superproject and submodule repositories will be kept
 together in the same relative location, and only the
-superproject's URL need be provided: git-submodule will correctly
+superproject's URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will correctly
 locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules.
 
 status::
@@ -98,6 +104,9 @@ status::
 	initialized and `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
 	does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
 	repository. This command is the default command for 'git-submodule'.
++
+If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into nested
+submodules, and show their status as well.
 
 init::
 	Initialize the submodules, i.e. register each submodule name
@@ -113,32 +122,45 @@ init::
 update::
 	Update the registered submodules, i.e. clone missing submodules and
 	checkout the commit specified in the index of the containing repository.
-	This will make the submodules HEAD be detached.
+	This will make the submodules HEAD be detached unless '--rebase' or
+	'--merge' is specified or the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to
+	`rebase` or `merge`.
 +
 If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
 setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the
 submodule with the --init option.
++
+If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into the
+registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within.
 
 summary::
 	Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
 	working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits
 	in the submodule between the given super project commit and the
-	index or working tree (switched by --cached) are shown.
+	index or working tree (switched by --cached) are shown. If the option
+	--files is given, show the series of commits in the submodule between
+	the index of the super project and the working tree of the submodule
+	(this option doesn't allow to use the --cached option or to provide an
+	explicit commit).
 
 foreach::
 	Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule.
-	The command has access to the variables $path and $sha1:
+	The command has access to the variables $name, $path and $sha1:
+	$name is the name of the relevant submodule section in .gitmodules,
 	$path is the name of the submodule directory relative to the
 	superproject, and $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the superproject.
 	Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are
 	ignored by this command. Unless given --quiet, foreach prints the name
 	of each submodule before evaluating the command.
+	If --recursive is given, submodules are traversed recursively (i.e.
+	the given shell command is evaluated in nested submodules as well).
 	A non-zero return from the command in any submodule causes
 	the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :'
 	to the end of the command.
 +
-As an example, "git submodule foreach 'echo $path `git rev-parse HEAD`' will
-show the path and currently checked out commit for each submodule.
+As an example, +git submodule foreach \'echo $path {backtick}git
+rev-parse HEAD{backtick}'+ will show the path and currently checked out
+commit for each submodule.
 
 sync::
 	Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
@@ -164,6 +186,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	commands typically use the commit found in the submodule HEAD, but
 	with this option, the commit stored in the index is used instead.
 
+--files::
+	This option is only valid for the summary command. This command
+	compares the commit in the index with that in the submodule HEAD
+	when this option is used.
+
 -n::
 --summary-limit::
 	This option is only valid for the summary command.
@@ -172,6 +199,44 @@ OPTIONS
 	(the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The
 	size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules.
 
+-N::
+--no-fetch::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	Don't fetch new objects from the remote site.
+
+--merge::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	Merge the commit recorded in the superproject into the current branch
+	of the submodule. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will
+	not be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will
+	have to resolve the resulting conflicts within the submodule with the
+	usual conflict resolution tools.
+	If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `merge`, this option is
+	implicit.
+
+--rebase::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.
+	Rebase the current branch onto the commit recorded in the
+	superproject. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will not
+	be detached. If a a merge failure prevents this process, you will have
+	to resolve these failures with linkgit:git-rebase[1].
+	If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `rebase`, this option is
+	implicit.
+
+--reference <repository>::
+	This option is only valid for add and update commands.  These
+	commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
+	this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
++
+*NOTE*: Do *not* use this option unless you have read the note
+for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s --reference and --shared options carefully.
+
+--recursive::
+	This option is only valid for foreach, update and status commands.
+	Traverse submodules recursively. The operation is performed not
+	only in the submodules of the current repo, but also
+	in any nested submodules inside those submodules (and so on).
+
 <path>...::
 	Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command
 	to only operate on the submodules found at the specified paths.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index 8d0c421b8..4cdca0d87 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-svn(1)
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a single Subversion branch and git
+git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and git
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
@@ -11,27 +11,25 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-'git-svn' is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and git.
+'git svn' is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and git.
 It provides a bidirectional flow of changes between a Subversion and a git
 repository.
 
-'git-svn' can track a single Subversion branch simply by using a
-URL to the branch, follow branches laid out in the Subversion recommended
-method (trunk, branches, tags directories) with the --stdlayout option, or
-follow branches in any layout with the -T/-t/-b options (see options to
-'init' below, and also the 'clone' command).
+'git svn' can track a standard Subversion repository,
+following the common "trunk/branches/tags" layout, with the --stdlayout option.
+It can also follow branches and tags in any layout with the -T/-t/-b options
+(see options to 'init' below, and also the 'clone' command).
 
-Once tracking a Subversion branch (with any of the above methods), the git
+Once tracking a Subversion repository (with any of the above methods), the git
 repository can be updated from Subversion by the 'fetch' command and
 Subversion updated from git by the 'dcommit' command.
 
 COMMANDS
 --------
---
 
 'init'::
 	Initializes an empty git repository with additional
-	metadata directories for 'git-svn'.  The Subversion URL
+	metadata directories for 'git svn'.  The Subversion URL
 	may be specified as a command-line argument, or as full
 	URL arguments to -T/-t/-b.  Optionally, the target
 	directory to operate on can be specified as a second
@@ -48,8 +46,11 @@ COMMANDS
 --stdlayout;;
 	These are optional command-line options for init.  Each of
 	these flags can point to a relative repository path
-	(--tags=project/tags') or a full url
-	(--tags=https://foo.org/project/tags). The option --stdlayout is
+	(--tags=project/tags) or a full url
+	(--tags=https://foo.org/project/tags).
+	You can specify more than one --tags and/or --branches options, in case
+	your Subversion repository places tags or branches under multiple paths.
+	The option --stdlayout is
 	a shorthand way of setting trunk,tags,branches as the relative paths,
 	which is the Subversion default. If any of the other options are given
 	as well, they take precedence.
@@ -61,16 +62,6 @@ COMMANDS
 	Set the 'useSvnsyncProps' option in the [svn-remote] config.
 --rewrite-root=<URL>;;
 	Set the 'rewriteRoot' option in the [svn-remote] config.
---use-log-author;;
-	When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of fetch, rebase, or
-	dcommit operations), look for the first From: or Signed-off-by: line
-	in the log message and use that as the author string.
---add-author-from;;
-	When committing to svn from git (as part of commit or dcommit
-	operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
-	From: or Signed-off-by: line, append a From: line based on the
-	git commit's author string.  If you use this, then --use-log-author
-	will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
 --username=<USER>;;
 	For transports that SVN handles authentication for (http,
 	https, and plain svn), specify the username.  For other
@@ -85,6 +76,21 @@ COMMANDS
 	specified, the prefix must include a trailing slash.
 	Setting a prefix is useful if you wish to track multiple
 	projects that share a common repository.
+--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
+	When passed to 'init' or 'clone' this regular expression will
+	be preserved as a config key.  See 'fetch' for a description
+	of '--ignore-paths'.
+--no-minimize-url;;
+	When tracking multiple directories (using --stdlayout,
+	--branches, or --tags options), git svn will attempt to connect
+	to the root (or highest allowed level) of the Subversion
+	repository.  This default allows better tracking of history if
+	entire projects are moved within a repository, but may cause
+	issues on repositories where read access restrictions are in
+	place.  Passing '--no-minimize-url' will allow git svn to
+	accept URLs as-is without attempting to connect to a higher
+	level directory.  This option is off by default when only
+	one URL/branch is tracked (it would do little good).
 
 'fetch'::
 	Fetch unfetched revisions from the Subversion remote we are
@@ -92,35 +98,89 @@ COMMANDS
 	.git/config file may be specified as an optional command-line
 	argument.
 
+--localtime;;
+	Store Git commit times in the local timezone instead of UTC.  This
+	makes 'git log' (even without --date=local) show the same times
+	that `svn log` would in the local timezone.
++
+This doesn't interfere with interoperating with the Subversion
+repository you cloned from, but if you wish for your local Git
+repository to be able to interoperate with someone else's local Git
+repository, either don't use this option or you should both use it in
+the same local timezone.
+
+--parent;;
+	Fetch only from the SVN parent of the current HEAD.
+
+--ignore-paths=<regex>;;
+	This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
+	cause skipping of all matching paths from checkout from SVN.
+	The '--ignore-paths' option should match for every 'fetch'
+	(including automatic fetches due to 'clone', 'dcommit',
+	'rebase', etc) on a given repository.
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn-remote.<name>.ignore-paths
++
+If the ignore-paths config key is set and the command line option is
+also given, both regular expressions will be used.
++
+Examples:
++
+--
+Skip "doc*" directory for every fetch;;
++
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--ignore-paths="^doc"
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories;;
++
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--ignore-paths="^[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)"
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--
+
+--use-log-author;;
+	When retrieving svn commits into git (as part of fetch, rebase, or
+	dcommit operations), look for the first From: or Signed-off-by: line
+	in the log message and use that as the author string.
+--add-author-from;;
+	When committing to svn from git (as part of commit or dcommit
+	operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a
+	From: or Signed-off-by: line, append a From: line based on the
+	git commit's author string.  If you use this, then --use-log-author
+	will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
+
 'clone'::
 	Runs 'init' and 'fetch'.  It will automatically create a
 	directory based on the basename of the URL passed to it;
 	or if a second argument is passed; it will create a directory
 	and work within that.  It accepts all arguments that the
 	'init' and 'fetch' commands accept; with the exception of
-	'--fetch-all'.   After a repository is cloned, the 'fetch'
-	command will be able to update revisions without affecting
-	the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be able
-	to update the working tree with the latest changes.
+	'--fetch-all' and '--parent'.  After a repository is cloned,
+	the 'fetch' command will be able to update revisions without
+	affecting the working tree; and the 'rebase' command will be
+	able to update the working tree with the latest changes.
 
 'rebase'::
 	This fetches revisions from the SVN parent of the current HEAD
 	and rebases the current (uncommitted to SVN) work against it.
-
-This works similarly to `svn update` or 'git-pull' except that
-it preserves linear history with 'git-rebase' instead of
-'git-merge' for ease of dcommitting with 'git-svn'.
-
-This accepts all options that 'git-svn fetch' and 'git-rebase'
++
+This works similarly to `svn update` or 'git pull' except that
+it preserves linear history with 'git rebase' instead of
+'git merge' for ease of dcommitting with 'git svn'.
++
+This accepts all options that 'git svn fetch' and 'git rebase'
 accept.  However, '--fetch-all' only fetches from the current
 [svn-remote], and not all [svn-remote] definitions.
-
-Like 'git-rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
++
+Like 'git rebase'; this requires that the working tree be clean
 and have no uncommitted changes.
 
 -l;;
 --local;;
-	Do not fetch remotely; only run 'git-rebase' against the
+	Do not fetch remotely; only run 'git rebase' against the
 	last fetched commit from the upstream SVN.
 
 'dcommit'::
@@ -128,11 +188,12 @@ and have no uncommitted changes.
 	repository, and then rebase or reset (depending on whether or
 	not there is a diff between SVN and head).  This will create
 	a revision in SVN for each commit in git.
-	It is recommended that you run 'git-svn' fetch and rebase (not
+	It is recommended that you run 'git svn' fetch and rebase (not
 	pull or merge) your commits against the latest changes in the
 	SVN repository.
-	An optional command-line argument may be specified as an
-	alternative to HEAD.
+	An optional revision or branch argument may be specified, and
+	causes 'git svn' to do all work on that revision/branch
+	instead of HEAD.
 	This is advantageous over 'set-tree' (below) because it produces
 	cleaner, more linear history.
 +
@@ -140,14 +201,17 @@ and have no uncommitted changes.
 	After committing, do not rebase or reset.
 --commit-url <URL>;;
 	Commit to this SVN URL (the full path).  This is intended to
-	allow existing git-svn repositories created with one transport
+	allow existing 'git svn' repositories created with one transport
 	method (e.g. `svn://` or `http://` for anonymous read) to be
 	reused if a user is later given access to an alternate transport
 	method (e.g. `svn+ssh://` or `https://`) for commit.
-
-	Using this option for any other purpose (don't ask)
-	is very strongly discouraged.
---
++
+[verse]
+config key: svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
+config key: svn.commiturl (overwrites all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl options)
++
+Using this option for any other purpose (don't ask) is very strongly
+discouraged.
 
 'branch'::
 	Create a branch in the SVN repository.
@@ -161,6 +225,20 @@ and have no uncommitted changes.
 	Create a tag by using the tags_subdir instead of the branches_subdir
 	specified during git svn init.
 
+-d;;
+--destination;;
+	If more than one --branches (or --tags) option was given to the 'init'
+	or 'clone' command, you must provide the location of the branch (or
+	tag) you wish to create in the SVN repository.  The value of this
+	option must match one of the paths specified by a --branches (or
+	--tags) option.  You can see these paths with the commands
++
+	git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.branches
+	git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.tags
++
+where <name> is the name of the SVN repository as specified by the -R option to
+'init' (or "svn" by default).
+
 'tag'::
 	Create a tag in the SVN repository. This is a shorthand for
 	'branch -t'.
@@ -172,10 +250,12 @@ and have no uncommitted changes.
 The following features from `svn log' are supported:
 +
 --
+-r <n>[:<n>];;
 --revision=<n>[:<n>];;
 	is supported, non-numeric args are not:
 	HEAD, NEXT, BASE, PREV, etc ...
--v/--verbose;;
+-v;;
+--verbose;;
 	it's not completely compatible with the --verbose
 	output in svn log, but reasonably close.
 --limit=<n>;;
@@ -198,7 +278,7 @@ NOTE: SVN itself only stores times in UTC and nothing else. The regular svn
 client converts the UTC time to the local time (or based on the TZ=
 environment). This command has the same behaviour.
 +
-Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git-log'
+Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git log'
 
 'blame'::
        Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file. The
@@ -206,15 +286,14 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git-log'
        `svn blame' by default. Like the SVN blame command,
        local uncommitted changes in the working copy are ignored;
        the version of the file in the HEAD revision is annotated. Unknown
-       arguments are passed directly to 'git-blame'.
+       arguments are passed directly to 'git blame'.
 +
 --git-format;;
-	Produce output in the same format as 'git-blame', but with
+	Produce output in the same format as 'git blame', but with
 	SVN revision numbers instead of git commit hashes. In this mode,
 	changes that haven't been committed to SVN (including local
 	working-copy edits) are shown as revision 0.
 
---
 'find-rev'::
 	When given an SVN revision number of the form 'rN', returns the
 	corresponding git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
@@ -228,7 +307,7 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git-log'
 	absolutely no attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it
 	simply overwrites files with those specified in the tree or
 	commit.  All merging is assumed to have taken place
-	independently of 'git-svn' functions.
+	independently of 'git svn' functions.
 
 'create-ignore'::
 	Recursively finds the svn:ignore property on directories and
@@ -241,14 +320,21 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git-log'
 	directories.  The output is suitable for appending to
 	the $GIT_DIR/info/exclude file.
 
+'mkdirs'::
+	Attempts to recreate empty directories that core git cannot track
+	based on information in $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files.
+	Empty directories are automatically recreated when using
+	"git svn clone" and "git svn rebase", so "mkdirs" is intended
+	for use after commands like "git checkout" or "git reset".
+
 'commit-diff'::
 	Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the
-	command-line.  This command does not rely on being inside an `git-svn
+	command-line.  This command does not rely on being inside an `git svn
 	init`-ed repository.  This command takes three arguments, (a) the
 	original tree to diff against, (b) the new tree result, (c) the
 	URL of the target Subversion repository.  The final argument
-	(URL) may be omitted if you are working from a 'git-svn'-aware
-	repository (that has been `init`-ed with 'git-svn').
+	(URL) may be omitted if you are working from a 'git svn'-aware
+	repository (that has been `init`-ed with 'git svn').
 	The -r<revision> option is required for this.
 
 'info'::
@@ -270,107 +356,170 @@ Any other arguments are passed directly to 'git-log'
 	Shows the Subversion externals.  Use -r/--revision to specify a
 	specific revision.
 
---
+'gc'::
+	Compress $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files in .git/svn
+	and remove $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>index files in .git/svn.
+
+'reset'::
+	Undoes the effects of 'fetch' back to the specified revision.
+	This allows you to re-'fetch' an SVN revision.  Normally the
+	contents of an SVN revision should never change and 'reset'
+	should not be necessary.  However, if SVN permissions change,
+	or if you alter your --ignore-paths option, a 'fetch' may fail
+	with "not found in commit" (file not previously visible) or
+	"checksum mismatch" (missed a modification).  If the problem
+	file cannot be ignored forever (with --ignore-paths) the only
+	way to repair the repo is to use 'reset'.
++
+Only the rev_map and refs/remotes/git-svn are changed.  Follow 'reset'
+with a 'fetch' and then 'git reset' or 'git rebase' to move local
+branches onto the new tree.
+
+-r <n>;;
+--revision=<n>;;
+	Specify the most recent revision to keep.  All later revisions
+	are discarded.
+-p;;
+--parent;;
+	Discard the specified revision as well, keeping the nearest
+	parent instead.
+Example:;;
+Assume you have local changes in "master", but you need to refetch "r2".
++
+------------
+    r1---r2---r3 remotes/git-svn
+                \
+                 A---B master
+------------
++
+Fix the ignore-paths or SVN permissions problem that caused "r2" to
+be incomplete in the first place.  Then:
++
+[verse]
+git svn reset -r2 -p
+git svn fetch
++
+------------
+    r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
+      \
+       r2---r3---A---B master
+------------
++
+Then fixup "master" with 'git rebase'.
+Do NOT use 'git merge' or your history will not be compatible with a
+future 'dcommit'!
++
+[verse]
+git rebase --onto remotes/git-svn A^ master
++
+------------
+    r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
+                \
+                 A'--B' master
+------------
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
---
 
 --shared[={false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody}]::
 --template=<template_directory>::
 	Only used with the 'init' command.
-	These are passed directly to 'git-init'.
+	These are passed directly to 'git init'.
 
 -r <ARG>::
 --revision <ARG>::
-
-Used with the 'fetch' command.
-
+	   Used with the 'fetch' command.
++
 This allows revision ranges for partial/cauterized history
 to be supported.  $NUMBER, $NUMBER1:$NUMBER2 (numeric ranges),
 $NUMBER:HEAD, and BASE:$NUMBER are all supported.
-
++
 This can allow you to make partial mirrors when running fetch;
 but is generally not recommended because history will be skipped
 and lost.
 
 -::
 --stdin::
-
-Only used with the 'set-tree' command.
-
+	Only used with the 'set-tree' command.
++
 Read a list of commits from stdin and commit them in reverse
 order.  Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so
-'git-rev-list --pretty=oneline' output can be used.
+'git rev-list --pretty=oneline' output can be used.
 
 --rmdir::
-
-Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
-
+	Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
++
 Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left
 behind.  SVN can version empty directories, and they are not
 removed by default if there are no files left in them.  git
 cannot version empty directories.  Enabling this flag will make
 the commit to SVN act like git.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.rmdir
 
 -e::
 --edit::
-
-Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
-
+	Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
++
 Edit the commit message before committing to SVN.  This is off by
 default for objects that are commits, and forced on when committing
 tree objects.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.edit
 
 -l<num>::
 --find-copies-harder::
-
-Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
-
-They are both passed directly to 'git-diff-tree'; see
+	Only used with the 'dcommit', 'set-tree' and 'commit-diff' commands.
++
+They are both passed directly to 'git diff-tree'; see
 linkgit:git-diff-tree[1] for more information.
-
++
 [verse]
 config key: svn.l
 config key: svn.findcopiesharder
 
 -A<filename>::
 --authors-file=<filename>::
-
-Syntax is compatible with the file used by 'git-cvsimport':
-
+	Syntax is compatible with the file used by 'git cvsimport':
++
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 	loginname = Joe User <user@example.com>
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-If this option is specified and 'git-svn' encounters an SVN
-committer name that does not exist in the authors-file, 'git-svn'
++
+If this option is specified and 'git svn' encounters an SVN
+committer name that does not exist in the authors-file, 'git svn'
 will abort operation. The user will then have to add the
-appropriate entry.  Re-running the previous 'git-svn' command
+appropriate entry.  Re-running the previous 'git svn' command
 after the authors-file is modified should continue operation.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.authorsfile
 
+--authors-prog=<filename>::
+	If this option is specified, for each SVN committer name that
+	does not exist in the authors file, the given file is executed
+	with the committer name as the first argument.  The program is
+	expected to return a single line of the form "Name <email>",
+	which will be treated as if included in the authors file.
+
 -q::
 --quiet::
-	Make 'git-svn' less verbose.
+	Make 'git svn' less verbose. Specify a second time to make it
+	even less verbose.
 
 --repack[=<n>]::
 --repack-flags=<flags>::
-
-These should help keep disk usage sane for large fetches
-with many revisions.
-
+	These should help keep disk usage sane for large fetches with
+	many revisions.
++
 --repack takes an optional argument for the number of revisions
 to fetch before repacking.  This defaults to repacking every
 1000 commits fetched if no argument is specified.
-
---repack-flags are passed directly to 'git-repack'.
-
++
+--repack-flags are passed directly to 'git repack'.
++
 [verse]
 config key: svn.repack
 config key: svn.repackflags
@@ -379,41 +528,36 @@ config key: svn.repackflags
 --merge::
 -s<strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
-
-These are only used with the 'dcommit' and 'rebase' commands.
-
-Passed directly to 'git-rebase' when using 'dcommit' if a
-'git-reset' cannot be used (see 'dcommit').
+	These are only used with the 'dcommit' and 'rebase' commands.
++
+Passed directly to 'git rebase' when using 'dcommit' if a
+'git reset' cannot be used (see 'dcommit').
 
 -n::
 --dry-run::
-
-This can be used with the 'dcommit', 'rebase', 'branch' and 'tag'
-commands.
-
+	This can be used with the 'dcommit', 'rebase', 'branch' and
+	'tag' commands.
++
 For 'dcommit', print out the series of git arguments that would show
 which diffs would be committed to SVN.
-
++
 For 'rebase', display the local branch associated with the upstream svn
 repository associated with the current branch and the URL of svn
 repository that will be fetched from.
-
++
 For 'branch' and 'tag', display the urls that will be used for copying when
 creating the branch or tag.
 
---
 
 ADVANCED OPTIONS
 ----------------
---
 
 -i<GIT_SVN_ID>::
 --id <GIT_SVN_ID>::
-
-This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment).  This
-allows the user to override the default refname to fetch from
-when tracking a single URL.  The 'log' and 'dcommit' commands
-no longer require this switch as an argument.
+	This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment).  This
+	allows the user to override the default refname to fetch from
+	when tracking a single URL.  The 'log' and 'dcommit' commands
+	no longer require this switch as an argument.
 
 -R<remote name>::
 --svn-remote <remote name>::
@@ -427,33 +571,30 @@ no longer require this switch as an argument.
 	started tracking a branch and never tracked the trunk it was
 	descended from. This feature is enabled by default, use
 	--no-follow-parent to disable it.
-
++
+[verse]
 config key: svn.followparent
 
---
 CONFIG FILE-ONLY OPTIONS
 ------------------------
---
 
 svn.noMetadata::
 svn-remote.<name>.noMetadata::
-
-This gets rid of the 'git-svn-id:' lines at the end of every commit.
-
-If you lose your .git/svn/git-svn/.rev_db file, 'git-svn' will not
+	This gets rid of the 'git-svn-id:' lines at the end of every commit.
++
+If you lose your .git/svn/git-svn/.rev_db file, 'git svn' will not
 be able to rebuild it and you won't be able to fetch again,
 either.  This is fine for one-shot imports.
-
-The 'git-svn log' command will not work on repositories using
++
+The 'git svn log' command will not work on repositories using
 this, either.  Using this conflicts with the 'useSvmProps'
 option for (hopefully) obvious reasons.
 
 svn.useSvmProps::
 svn-remote.<name>.useSvmProps::
-
-This allows 'git-svn' to re-map repository URLs and UUIDs from
-mirrors created using SVN::Mirror (or svk) for metadata.
-
+	This allows 'git svn' to re-map repository URLs and UUIDs from
+	mirrors created using SVN::Mirror (or svk) for metadata.
++
 If an SVN revision has a property, "svm:headrev", it is likely
 that the revision was created by SVN::Mirror (also used by SVK).
 The property contains a repository UUID and a revision.  We want
@@ -470,15 +611,22 @@ svn-remote.<name>.useSvnsyncprops::
 
 svn-remote.<name>.rewriteRoot::
 	This allows users to create repositories from alternate
-	URLs.  For example, an administrator could run 'git-svn' on the
+	URLs.  For example, an administrator could run 'git svn' on the
 	server locally (accessing via file://) but wish to distribute
 	the repository with a public http:// or svn:// URL in the
 	metadata so users of it will see the public URL.
 
---
+svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround::
+	This disables potentially expensive checks to workaround
+	broken symlinks checked into SVN by broken clients.  Set this
+	option to "false" if you track a SVN repository with many
+	empty blobs that are not symlinks.  This option may be changed
+	while 'git svn' is running and take effect on the next
+	revision fetched.  If unset, 'git svn' assumes this option to
+	be "true".
 
 Since the noMetadata, rewriteRoot, useSvnsyncProps and useSvmProps
-options all affect the metadata generated and used by 'git-svn'; they
+options all affect the metadata generated and used by 'git svn'; they
 *must* be set in the configuration file before any history is imported
 and these settings should never be changed once they are set.
 
@@ -496,7 +644,7 @@ Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project:
 	git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project/trunk
 # Enter the newly cloned directory:
 	cd trunk
-# You should be on master branch, double-check with git-branch
+# You should be on master branch, double-check with 'git branch'
 	git branch
 # Do some work and commit locally to git:
 	git commit ...
@@ -527,12 +675,12 @@ Tracking and contributing to an entire Subversion-managed project
 # of dcommit/rebase/show-ignore should be the same as above.
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-The initial 'git-svn clone' can be quite time-consuming
+The initial 'git svn clone' can be quite time-consuming
 (especially for large Subversion repositories). If multiple
 people (or one person with multiple machines) want to use
-'git-svn' to interact with the same Subversion repository, you can
-do the initial 'git-svn clone' to a repository on a server and
-have each person clone that repository with 'git-clone':
+'git svn' to interact with the same Subversion repository, you can
+do the initial 'git svn clone' to a repository on a server and
+have each person clone that repository with 'git clone':
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Do the initial import on a server
@@ -546,7 +694,7 @@ have each person clone that repository with 'git-clone':
 	git fetch
 # Create a local branch from one of the branches just fetched
 	git checkout -b master FETCH_HEAD
-# Initialize git-svn locally (be sure to use the same URL and -T/-b/-t options as were used on server)
+# Initialize 'git svn' locally (be sure to use the same URL and -T/-b/-t options as were used on server)
 	git svn init http://svn.example.com/project
 # Pull the latest changes from Subversion
 	git svn rebase
@@ -555,7 +703,7 @@ have each person clone that repository with 'git-clone':
 REBASE VS. PULL/MERGE
 ---------------------
 
-Originally, 'git-svn' recommended that the 'remotes/git-svn' branch be
+Originally, 'git svn' recommended that the 'remotes/git-svn' branch be
 pulled or merged from.  This is because the author favored
 `git svn set-tree B` to commit a single head rather than the
 `git svn set-tree A..B` notation to commit multiple commits.
@@ -563,14 +711,14 @@ pulled or merged from.  This is because the author favored
 If you use `git svn set-tree A..B` to commit several diffs and you do
 not have the latest remotes/git-svn merged into my-branch, you should
 use `git svn rebase` to update your work branch instead of `git pull` or
-`git merge`.  `pull`/`merge' can cause non-linear history to be flattened
+`git merge`.  `pull`/`merge` can cause non-linear history to be flattened
 when committing into SVN, which can lead to merge commits reversing
 previous commits in SVN.
 
 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
 -----------------
 Merge tracking in Subversion is lacking and doing branched development
-with Subversion can be cumbersome as a result.  While 'git-svn' can track
+with Subversion can be cumbersome as a result.  While 'git svn' can track
 copy history (including branches and tags) for repositories adopting a
 standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge history that happened
 inside git back upstream to SVN users.  Therefore it is advised that
@@ -581,25 +729,35 @@ CAVEATS
 -------
 
 For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with a less-capable system
-(SVN), it is recommended that all 'git-svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
-directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git-clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push'
+(SVN), it is recommended that all 'git svn' users clone, fetch and dcommit
+directly from the SVN server, and avoid all 'git clone'/'pull'/'merge'/'push'
 operations between git repositories and branches.  The recommended
 method of exchanging code between git branches and users is
-'git-format-patch' and 'git-am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository.
+'git format-patch' and 'git am', or just 'dcommit'ing to the SVN repository.
 
-Running 'git-merge' or 'git-pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you
+Running 'git merge' or 'git pull' is NOT recommended on a branch you
 plan to 'dcommit' from.  Subversion does not represent merges in any
 reasonable or useful fashion; so users using Subversion cannot see any
 merges you've made.  Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a git branch
 that is a mirror of an SVN branch, 'dcommit' may commit to the wrong
 branch.
 
-'git-clone' does not clone branches under the refs/remotes/ hierarchy or
-any 'git-svn' metadata, or config.  So repositories created and managed with
-using 'git-svn' should use 'rsync' for cloning, if cloning is to be done
+If you do merge, note the following rule: 'git svn dcommit' will
+attempt to commit on top of the SVN commit named in
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+git log --grep=^git-svn-id: --first-parent -1
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+You 'must' therefore ensure that the most recent commit of the branch
+you want to dcommit to is the 'first' parent of the merge.  Chaos will
+ensue otherwise, especially if the first parent is an older commit on
+the same SVN branch.
+
+'git clone' does not clone branches under the refs/remotes/ hierarchy or
+any 'git svn' metadata, or config.  So repositories created and managed with
+using 'git svn' should use 'rsync' for cloning, if cloning is to be done
 at all.
 
-Since 'dcommit' uses rebase internally, any git branches you 'git-push' to
+Since 'dcommit' uses rebase internally, any git branches you 'git push' to
 before 'dcommit' on will require forcing an overwrite of the existing ref
 on the remote repository.  This is generally considered bad practice,
 see the linkgit:git-push[1] documentation for details.
@@ -609,6 +767,16 @@ already dcommitted.  It is considered bad practice to --amend commits
 you've already pushed to a remote repository for other users, and
 dcommit with SVN is analogous to that.
 
+When using multiple --branches or --tags, 'git svn' does not automatically
+handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from different paths have
+the same name, or if a branch and a tag have the same name).  In these cases,
+use 'init' to set up your git repository then, before your first 'fetch', edit
+the .git/config file so that the branches and tags are associated with
+different name spaces.  For example:
+
+	branches = stable/*:refs/remotes/svn/stable/*
+	branches = debug/*:refs/remotes/svn/debug/*
+
 BUGS
 ----
 
@@ -625,7 +793,7 @@ for git to detect them.
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
-'git-svn' stores [svn-remote] configuration information in the
+'git svn' stores [svn-remote] configuration information in the
 repository .git/config file.  It is similar the core git
 [remote] sections except 'fetch' keys do not accept glob
 arguments; but they are instead handled by the 'branches'
@@ -636,17 +804,17 @@ listed below are allowed:
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [svn-remote "project-a"]
 	url = http://server.org/svn
+	fetch = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
 	branches = branches/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
 	tags = tags/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
-	trunk = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Keep in mind that the '*' (asterisk) wildcard of the local ref
+Keep in mind that the '\*' (asterisk) wildcard of the local ref
 (right of the ':') *must* be the farthest right path component;
-however the remote wildcard may be anywhere as long as it's own
+however the remote wildcard may be anywhere as long as it's an
 independent path component (surrounded by '/' or EOL).   This
 type of configuration is not automatically created by 'init' and
-should be manually entered with a text-editor or using 'git-config'.
+should be manually entered with a text-editor or using 'git config'.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
index 210fde03a..639253880 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ DESCRIPTION
 Given one argument, reads which branch head the given symbolic
 ref refers to and outputs its path, relative to the `.git/`
 directory.  Typically you would give `HEAD` as the <name>
-argument to see on which branch your working tree is on.
+argument to see which branch your working tree is on.
 
-Give two arguments, create or update a symbolic ref <name> to
+Given two arguments, creates or updates a symbolic ref <name> to
 point at the given branch <ref>.
 
 A symbolic ref is a regular file that stores a string that
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index 046ab3542..299b04f72 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -10,14 +10,15 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]
-	<name> [<commit> | <object>]
-'git tag' -d <name>...
-'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [<pattern>]
-'git tag' -v <name>...
+	<tagname> [<commit> | <object>]
+'git tag' -d <tagname>...
+'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [<pattern>]
+'git tag' -v <tagname>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Adds a 'tag' reference in `.git/refs/tags/`
+
+Adds a tag reference in `.git/refs/tags/`.
 
 Unless `-f` is given, the tag must not yet exist in
 `.git/refs/tags/` directory.
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key
 
 -f::
+--force::
 	Replace an existing tag with the given name (instead of failing)
 
 -d::
@@ -63,14 +65,18 @@ OPTIONS
 	are printed when using -l.
 	The default is not to print any annotation lines.
 	If no number is given to `-n`, only the first line is printed.
+	If the tag is not annotated, the commit message is displayed instead.
 
 -l <pattern>::
 	List tags with names that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given).
 	Typing "git tag" without arguments, also lists all tags.
 
+--contains <commit>::
+	Only list tags which contain the specified commit.
+
 -m <msg>::
 	Use the given tag message (instead of prompting).
-	If multiple `-m` options are given, there values are
+	If multiple `-m` options are given, their values are
 	concatenated as separate paragraphs.
 	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
 	is given.
@@ -81,6 +87,12 @@ OPTIONS
 	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
 	is given.
 
+<tagname>::
+	The name of the tag to create, delete, or describe.
+	The new tag name must pass all checks defined by
+	linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].  Some of these checks
+	may restrict the characters allowed in a tag name.
+
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 By default, 'git-tag' in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your
@@ -207,7 +219,7 @@ determines who are interested in whose tags.
 
 A one-shot pull is a sign that a commit history is now crossing
 the boundary between one circle of people (e.g. "people who are
-primarily interested in networking part of the kernel") who may
+primarily interested in the networking part of the kernel") who may
 have their own set of tags (e.g. "this is the third release
 candidate from the networking group to be proposed for general
 consumption with 2.6.21 release") to another circle of people
@@ -245,6 +257,10 @@ $ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1
 ------------
 
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
index 1d9d81a70..6052484ab 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ OPTIONS
         default behavior is to error out.  This option makes
 	'git-update-index' continue anyway.
 
---ignore-submodules:
+--ignore-submodules::
 	Do not try to update submodules.  This option is only respected
 	when passed before --refresh.
 
@@ -78,9 +78,9 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --assume-unchanged::
 --no-assume-unchanged::
-	When these flags are specified, the object name recorded
+	When these flags are specified, the object names recorded
 	for the paths are not updated.  Instead, these options
-	sets and unsets the "assume unchanged" bit for the
+	set and unset the "assume unchanged" bit for the
 	paths.  When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, git stops
 	checking the working tree files for possible
 	modifications, so you need to manually unset the bit to
@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ in the index e.g. when merging in a commit;
 thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream,
 you will need to handle the situation manually.
 
+--really-refresh::
+	Like '--refresh', but checks stat information unconditionally,
+	without regard to the "assume unchanged" setting.
+
 -g::
 --again::
 	Runs 'git-update-index' itself on the paths whose index
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ you will need to handle the situation manually.
 	'git-update-index' refuses an attempt to add `path/file`.
 	Similarly if a file `path/file` exists, a file `path`
 	cannot be added.  With --replace flag, existing entries
-	that conflicts with the entry being added are
+	that conflict with the entry being added are
 	automatically removed with warning messages.
 
 --stdin::
@@ -308,7 +312,7 @@ Configuration
 -------------
 
 The command honors `core.filemode` configuration variable.  If
-your repository is on an filesystem whose executable bits are
+your repository is on a filesystem whose executable bits are
 unreliable, this should be set to 'false' (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 This causes the command to ignore differences in file modes recorded
 in the index and the file mode on the filesystem if they differ only on
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt b/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
index 35d27b0c7..035cc3018 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-server-info.txt
@@ -39,12 +39,6 @@ what they are for:
 * info/refs
 
 
-BUGS
-----
-When you remove an existing ref, the command fails to update
-info/refs file unless `--force` flag is given.
-
-
 Author
 ------
 Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/Documentation/git-var.txt b/Documentation/git-var.txt
index e2f4c0901..ef6aa8187 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-var.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-var.txt
@@ -36,6 +36,20 @@ GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT::
 GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT::
     The person who put a piece of code into git.
 
+GIT_EDITOR::
+    Text editor for use by git commands.  The value is meant to be
+    interpreted by the shell when it is used.  Examples: `~/bin/vi`,
+    `$SOME_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE`, `"C:\Program Files\Vim\gvim.exe"
+    --nofork`.  The order of preference is the `$GIT_EDITOR`
+    environment variable, then `core.editor` configuration, then
+    `$VISUAL`, then `$EDITOR`, and then finally 'vi'.
+
+GIT_PAGER::
+    Text viewer for use by git commands (e.g., 'less').  The value
+    is meant to be interpreted by the shell.  The order of preference
+    is the `$GIT_PAGER` environment variable, then `core.pager`
+    configuration, then `$PAGER`, and then finally 'less'.
+
 Diagnostics
 -----------
 You don't exist. Go away!::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
index c8611632d..97f7f9165 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-verify-pack.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-verify-pack - Validate packed git archive files
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-'git verify-pack' [-v] [--] <pack>.idx ...
+'git verify-pack' [-v|--verbose] [--] <pack>.idx ...
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -23,8 +23,15 @@ OPTIONS
 	The idx files to verify.
 
 -v::
+--verbose::
 	After verifying the pack, show list of objects contained
-	in the pack.
+	in the pack and a histogram of delta chain length.
+
+-s::
+--stat-only::
+	Do not verify the pack contents; only show the histogram of delta
+	chain length.  With `--verbose`, list of objects is also shown.
+
 \--::
 	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
index 26d3850e7..c8899d528 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-write-tree.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Creates a tree object using the current index.
+Creates a tree object using the current index. The name of the new
+tree object is printed to standard output.
 
 The index must be in a fully merged state.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index 7e0a04143..b6df39ba3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ git - the stupid content tracker
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]]
-    [-p|--paginate|--no-pager]
+'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [--html-path]
+    [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects]
     [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE]
     [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]
 
@@ -43,18 +43,74 @@ unreleased) version of git, that is available from 'master'
 branch of the `git.git` repository.
 Documentation for older releases are available here:
 
-* link:v1.6.0.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.0.4]
+* link:v1.6.6.1/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.6.1]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.6.1.txt[1.6.6.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.6.txt[1.6.6].
+
+* link:v1.6.5.8/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.5.8]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.8.txt[1.6.5.8],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.7.txt[1.6.5.7],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.6.txt[1.6.5.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.5.txt[1.6.5.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.4.txt[1.6.5.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.3.txt[1.6.5.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.2.txt[1.6.5.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.1.txt[1.6.5.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.5.txt[1.6.5].
+
+* link:v1.6.4.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.4.4]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.4.4.txt[1.6.4.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.4.3.txt[1.6.4.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.4.2.txt[1.6.4.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.4.1.txt[1.6.4.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.4.txt[1.6.4].
+
+* link:v1.6.3.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.3.4]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.4.txt[1.6.3.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.3.txt[1.6.3.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.2.txt[1.6.3.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.1.txt[1.6.3.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.3.txt[1.6.3].
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.5.txt[1.6.2.5],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.4.txt[1.6.2.4],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.3.txt[1.6.2.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.2.txt[1.6.2.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.1.txt[1.6.2.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.2.txt[1.6.2].
+
+* link:v1.6.1.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.1.3]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.3.txt[1.6.1.3],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.2.txt[1.6.1.2],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.1.txt[1.6.1.1],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.1.txt[1.6.1].
+
+* link:v1.6.0.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.6.0.6]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.6.txt[1.6.0.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.6.0.5.txt[1.6.0.5],
   link:RelNotes-1.6.0.4.txt[1.6.0.4],
   link:RelNotes-1.6.0.3.txt[1.6.0.3],
   link:RelNotes-1.6.0.2.txt[1.6.0.2],
   link:RelNotes-1.6.0.1.txt[1.6.0.1],
   link:RelNotes-1.6.0.txt[1.6.0].
 
-* link:v1.5.6.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.6.5]
+* link:v1.5.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.6.6]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.6.6.txt[1.5.6.6],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.6.5.txt[1.5.6.5],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.6.4.txt[1.5.6.4],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.6.3.txt[1.5.6.3],
@@ -62,18 +118,22 @@ Documentation for older releases are available here:
   link:RelNotes-1.5.6.1.txt[1.5.6.1],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.6.txt[1.5.6].
 
-* link:v1.5.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.5.4]
+* link:v1.5.5.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.5.6]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.6.txt[1.5.5.6],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.5.5.txt[1.5.5.5],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.5.4.txt[1.5.5.4],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.5.3.txt[1.5.5.3],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.5.2.txt[1.5.5.2],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.5.1.txt[1.5.5.1],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.5.txt[1.5.5].
 
-* link:v1.5.4.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.5]
+* link:v1.5.4.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.7]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.7.txt[1.5.4.7],
+  link:RelNotes-1.5.4.6.txt[1.5.4.6],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.4.5.txt[1.5.4.5],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.4.4.txt[1.5.4.4],
   link:RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt[1.5.4.3],
@@ -157,6 +217,10 @@ help ...`.
 	environment variable. If no path is given, 'git' will print
 	the current setting and then exit.
 
+--html-path::
+	Print the path to wherever your git HTML documentation is installed
+	and exit.
+
 -p::
 --paginate::
 	Pipe all output into 'less' (or if set, $PAGER).
@@ -187,6 +251,10 @@ help ...`.
 	environment is not set, it is set to the current working
 	directory.
 
+--no-replace-objects::
+	Do not use replacement refs to replace git objects. See
+	linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information.
+
 
 FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
 ---------------------
@@ -198,6 +266,8 @@ The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
 user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
 introductions to the underlying git architecture.
 
+See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
+
 See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
 examples.
 
@@ -284,7 +354,7 @@ Synching repositories
 
 include::cmds-synchingrepositories.txt[]
 
-The following are helper programs used by the above; end users
+The following are helper commands used by the above; end users
 typically do not use them directly.
 
 include::cmds-synchelpers.txt[]
@@ -615,7 +685,8 @@ SEE ALSO
 linkgit:gittutorial[7], linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
 link:everyday.html[Everyday Git], linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
 linkgit:gitglossary[7], linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
-linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
+linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual],
+linkgit:gitworkflows[7]
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index 8af22ecca..5a45e5189 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ A `gitattributes` file is a simple text file that gives
 
 Each line in `gitattributes` file is of form:
 
-	glob	attr1 attr2 ...
+	pattern	attr1 attr2 ...
 
-That is, a glob pattern followed by an attributes list,
-separated by whitespaces.  When the glob pattern matches the
+That is, a pattern followed by an attributes list,
+separated by whitespaces.  When the pattern matches the
 path in question, the attributes listed on the line are given to
 the path.
 
@@ -48,20 +48,21 @@ Set to a value::
 
 Unspecified::
 
-	No glob pattern matches the path, and nothing says if
+	No pattern matches the path, and nothing says if
 	the path has or does not have the attribute, the
 	attribute for the path is said to be Unspecified.
 
-When more than one glob pattern matches the path, a later line
+When more than one pattern matches the path, a later line
 overrides an earlier line.  This overriding is done per
-attribute.
+attribute.  The rules how the pattern matches paths are the
+same as in `.gitignore` files; see linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
 When deciding what attributes are assigned to a path, git
 consults `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file (which has the highest
 precedence), `.gitattributes` file in the same directory as the
-path in question, and its parent directories (the further the
-directory that contains `.gitattributes` is from the path in
-question, the lower its precedence).
+path in question, and its parent directories up to the toplevel of the
+work tree (the further the directory that contains `.gitattributes`
+is from the path in question, the lower its precedence).
 
 If you wish to affect only a single repository (i.e., to assign
 attributes to files that are particular to one user's workflow), then
@@ -196,6 +197,25 @@ intent is that if someone unsets the filter driver definition,
 or does not have the appropriate filter program, the project
 should still be usable.
 
+For example, in .gitattributes, you would assign the `filter`
+attribute for paths.
+
+------------------------
+*.c	filter=indent
+------------------------
+
+Then you would define a "filter.indent.clean" and "filter.indent.smudge"
+configuration in your .git/config to specify a pair of commands to
+modify the contents of C programs when the source files are checked
+in ("clean" is run) and checked out (no change is made because the
+command is "cat").
+
+------------------------
+[filter "indent"]
+	clean = indent
+	smudge = cat
+------------------------
+
 
 Interaction between checkin/checkout attributes
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -296,7 +316,8 @@ for paths.
 
 Then, you would define a "diff.tex.xfuncname" configuration to
 specify a regular expression that matches a line that you would
-want to appear as the hunk header "TEXT", like this:
+want to appear as the hunk header "TEXT". Add a section to your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this:
 
 ------------------------
 [diff "tex"]
@@ -317,6 +338,8 @@ patterns are available:
 
 - `bibtex` suitable for files with BibTeX coded references.
 
+- `cpp` suitable for source code in the C and C++ languages.
+
 - `html` suitable for HTML/XHTML documents.
 
 - `java` suitable for source code in the Java language.
@@ -334,6 +357,26 @@ patterns are available:
 - `tex` suitable for source code for LaTeX documents.
 
 
+Customizing word diff
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+You can customize the rules that `git diff --color-words` uses to
+split words in a line, by specifying an appropriate regular expression
+in the "diff.*.wordRegex" configuration variable.  For example, in TeX
+a backslash followed by a sequence of letters forms a command, but
+several such commands can be run together without intervening
+whitespace.  To separate them, use a regular expression in your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this:
+
+------------------------
+[diff "tex"]
+	wordRegex = "\\\\[a-zA-Z]+|[{}]|\\\\.|[^\\{}[:space:]]+"
+------------------------
+
+A built-in pattern is provided for all languages listed in the
+previous section.
+
+
 Performing text diffs of binary files
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
@@ -351,7 +394,8 @@ resulting text on stdout.
 
 For example, to show the diff of the exif information of a
 file instead of the binary information (assuming you have the
-exif tool installed):
+exif tool installed), add the following section to your
+`$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file):
 
 ------------------------
 [diff "jpg"]
@@ -379,7 +423,7 @@ Performing a three-way merge
 
 The attribute `merge` affects how three versions of a file is
 merged when a file-level merge is necessary during `git merge`,
-and other programs such as `git revert` and `git cherry-pick`.
+and other commands such as `git revert` and `git cherry-pick`.
 
 Set::
 
@@ -535,6 +579,16 @@ in the file.  E.g. the string `$Format:%H$` will be replaced by the
 commit hash.
 
 
+Packing objects
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`delta`
+^^^^^^^
+
+Delta compression will not be attempted for blobs for paths with the
+attribute `delta` set to false.
+
+
 Viewing files in GUI tools
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
index 29e5929db..6928724a0 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcli.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
@@ -46,20 +46,20 @@ Here are the rules regarding the "flags" that you should follow when you are
 scripting git:
 
  * it's preferred to use the non dashed form of git commands, which means that
-   you should prefer `"git foo"` to `"git-foo"`.
+   you should prefer `git foo` to `git-foo`.
 
- * splitting short options to separate words (prefer `"git foo -a -b"`
-   to `"git foo -ab"`, the latter may not even work).
+ * splitting short options to separate words (prefer `git foo -a -b`
+   to `git foo -ab`, the latter may not even work).
 
  * when a command line option takes an argument, use the 'sticked' form.  In
-   other words, write `"git foo -oArg"` instead of `"git foo -o Arg"` for short
-   options, and `"git foo --long-opt=Arg"` instead of `"git foo --long-opt Arg"`
+   other words, write `git foo -oArg` instead of `git foo -o Arg` for short
+   options, and `git foo --long-opt=Arg` instead of `git foo --long-opt Arg`
    for long options.  An option that takes optional option-argument must be
    written in the 'sticked' form.
 
  * when you give a revision parameter to a command, make sure the parameter is
    not ambiguous with a name of a file in the work tree.  E.g. do not write
-   `"git log -1 HEAD"` but write `"git log -1 HEAD --"`; the former will not work
+   `git log -1 HEAD` but write `git log -1 HEAD --`; the former will not work
    if you happen to have a file called `HEAD` in the work tree.
 
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ couple of magic command line options:
 +
 ---------------------------------------------
 $ git describe -h
-usage: git-describe [options] <committish>*
+usage: git describe [options] <committish>*
 
     --contains            find the tag that comes after the commit
     --debug               debug search strategy on stderr
@@ -99,17 +99,17 @@ usage: git-describe [options] <committish>*
 
 Negating options
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-Options with long option names can be negated by prefixing `"--no-"`. For
-example, `"git branch"` has the option `"--track"` which is 'on' by default. You
-can use `"--no-track"` to override that behaviour. The same goes for `"--color"`
-and `"--no-color"`.
+Options with long option names can be negated by prefixing `--no-`. For
+example, `git branch` has the option `--track` which is 'on' by default. You
+can use `--no-track` to override that behaviour. The same goes for `--color`
+and `--no-color`.
 
 
 Aggregating short options
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 Commands that support the enhanced option parser allow you to aggregate short
-options. This means that you can for example use `"git rm -rf"` or
-`"git clean -fdx"`.
+options. This means that you can for example use `git rm -rf` or
+`git clean -fdx`.
 
 
 Separating argument from the option
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index 96bf353d1..f762dca44 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ git *
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-This tutorial explains how to use the "core" git programs to set up and
+This tutorial explains how to use the "core" git commands to set up and
 work with a git repository.
 
 If you just need to use git as a revision control system you may prefer
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ object is. git will tell you that you have a "blob" object (i.e., just a
 regular file), and you can see the contents with
 
 ----------------
-$ git cat-file "blob" 557db03
+$ git cat-file blob 557db03
 ----------------
 
 which will print out "Hello World". The object `557db03` is nothing
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ $ git tag -s <tagname>
 ----------------
 
 which will sign the current `HEAD` (but you can also give it another
-argument that specifies the thing to tag, i.e., you could have tagged the
+argument that specifies the thing to tag, e.g., you could have tagged the
 current `mybranch` point by using `git tag <tagname> mybranch`).
 
 You normally only do signed tags for major releases or things
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@ file, which had no differences in the `mybranch` branch), and say:
 ----------------
 	Auto-merging hello
 	CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in hello
-	Automatic merge failed; fix up by hand
+	Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
 ----------------
 
 It tells you that it did an "Automatic merge", which
@@ -993,17 +993,17 @@ would be different)
 
 ----------------
 Updating from ae3a2da... to a80b4aa....
-Fast forward
+Fast-forward (no commit created; -m option ignored)
  example |    1 +
  hello   |    1 +
  2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 ----------------
 
-Because your branch did not contain anything more than what are
-already merged into the `master` branch, the merge operation did
+Because your branch did not contain anything more than what had
+already been merged into the `master` branch, the merge operation did
 not actually do a merge. Instead, it just updated the top of
 the tree of your branch to that of the `master` branch. This is
-often called 'fast forward' merge.
+often called 'fast-forward' merge.
 
 You can run `gitk \--all` again to see how the commit ancestry
 looks like, or run 'show-branch', which tells you this.
@@ -1186,9 +1186,9 @@ $ git show-branch
 * [master] Some fun.
  ! [mybranch] Some work.
 --
- + [mybranch] Some work.
 *  [master] Some fun.
-*+ [mybranch^] New day.
+ + [mybranch] Some work.
+*+ [master^] Initial commit
 ------------
 
 Now we are ready to experiment with the merge by hand.
@@ -1204,11 +1204,11 @@ $ mb=$(git merge-base HEAD mybranch)
 The command writes the commit object name of the common ancestor
 to the standard output, so we captured its output to a variable,
 because we will be using it in the next step.  By the way, the common
-ancestor commit is the "New day." commit in this case.  You can
+ancestor commit is the "Initial commit" commit in this case.  You can
 tell it by:
 
 ------------
-$ git name-rev $mb
+$ git name-rev --name-only --tags $mb
 my-first-tag
 ------------
 
@@ -1237,24 +1237,24 @@ inspect the index file with this command:
 ------------
 $ git ls-files --stage
 100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0	example
-100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello
-100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1	hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2	hello
 100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
 ------------
 
 In our example of only two files, we did not have unchanged
-files so only 'example' resulted in collapsing, but in real-life
-large projects, only small number of files change in one commit,
-and this 'collapsing' tends to trivially merge most of the paths
-fairly quickly, leaving only a handful the real changes in non-zero
+files so only 'example' resulted in collapsing.  But in real-life
+large projects, when only a small number of files change in one commit,
+this 'collapsing' tends to trivially merge most of the paths
+fairly quickly, leaving only a handful of real changes in non-zero
 stages.
 
 To look at only non-zero stages, use `\--unmerged` flag:
 
 ------------
 $ git ls-files --unmerged
-100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello
-100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1	hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2	hello
 100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
 ------------
 
@@ -1265,9 +1265,8 @@ file, using 3-way merge.  This is done by giving
 
 ------------
 $ git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello
-Auto-merging hello.
-merge: warning: conflicts during merge
-ERROR: Merge conflict in hello.
+Auto-merging hello
+ERROR: Merge conflict in hello
 fatal: merge program failed
 ------------
 
@@ -1284,8 +1283,8 @@ the working tree..  This can be seen if you run `ls-files
 ------------
 $ git ls-files --stage
 100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0	example
-100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1	hello
-100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2	hello
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1	hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2	hello
 100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
 ------------
 
@@ -1329,7 +1328,7 @@ into it later. Obviously, this repository creation needs to be
 done only once.
 
 [NOTE]
-'git-push' uses a pair of programs,
+'git-push' uses a pair of commands,
 'git-send-pack' on your local machine, and 'git-receive-pack'
 on the remote machine. The communication between the two over
 the network internally uses an SSH connection.
@@ -1353,7 +1352,7 @@ $ GIT_DIR=my-git.git git init
 ------------
 
 Make sure this directory is available for others you want your
-changes to be pulled by via the transport of your choice. Also
+changes to be pulled via the transport of your choice. Also
 you need to make sure that you have the 'git-receive-pack'
 program on the `$PATH`.
 
@@ -1447,7 +1446,7 @@ public repository you might want to repack & prune often, or
 never.
 
 If you run `git repack` again at this point, it will say
-"Nothing to pack". Once you continue your development and
+"Nothing new to pack.". Once you continue your development and
 accumulate the changes, running `git repack` again will create a
 new pack, that contains objects created since you packed your
 repository the last time. We recommend that you pack your project
@@ -1512,7 +1511,7 @@ You can repack this private repository whenever you feel like.
 6. Push your changes to the public repository, and announce it
    to the public.
 
-7. Every once in a while, "git-repack" the public repository.
+7. Every once in a while, 'git-repack' the public repository.
    Go back to step 5. and continue working.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
index aaa7ef737..0e49c1c03 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Importing a CVS archive
 First, install version 2.1 or higher of cvsps from
 link:http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/[http://www.cobite.com/cvsps/] and make
 sure it is in your path.  Then cd to a checked out CVS working directory
-of the project you are interested in and run 'git-cvsimport':
+of the project you are interested in and run linkgit:git-cvsimport[1]:
 
 -------------------------------------------
 $ git cvsimport -C <destination> <module>
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index 5faaaa5fe..29eeae77c 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -15,15 +15,22 @@ DESCRIPTION
 
 Hooks are little scripts you can place in `$GIT_DIR/hooks`
 directory to trigger action at certain points.  When
-'git-init' is run, a handful example hooks are copied in the
+'git-init' is run, a handful of example hooks are copied into the
 `hooks` directory of the new repository, but by default they are
 all disabled.  To enable a hook, rename it by removing its `.sample`
 suffix.
 
+NOTE: It is also a requirement for a given hook to be executable.
+However - in a freshly initialized repository - the `.sample` files are
+executable by default.
+
 This document describes the currently defined hooks.
 
+HOOKS
+-----
+
 applypatch-msg
---------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-am' script.  It takes a single
 parameter, the name of the file that holds the proposed commit
@@ -39,7 +46,7 @@ The default 'applypatch-msg' hook, when enabled, runs the
 'commit-msg' hook, if the latter is enabled.
 
 pre-applypatch
---------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-am'.  It takes no parameter, and is
 invoked after the patch is applied, but before a commit is made.
@@ -54,7 +61,7 @@ The default 'pre-applypatch' hook, when enabled, runs the
 'pre-commit' hook, if the latter is enabled.
 
 post-applypatch
----------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-am'.  It takes no parameter,
 and is invoked after the patch is applied and a commit is made.
@@ -63,7 +70,7 @@ This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
 the outcome of 'git-am'.
 
 pre-commit
-----------
+~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-commit', and can be bypassed
 with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes no parameter, and is
@@ -80,13 +87,13 @@ variable `GIT_EDITOR=:` if the command will not bring up an editor
 to modify the commit message.
 
 prepare-commit-msg
-------------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-commit' right after preparing the
 default log message, and before the editor is started.
 
 It takes one to three parameters.  The first is the name of the file
-that the commit log message.  The second is the source of the commit
+that contains the commit log message.  The second is the source of the commit
 message, and can be: `message` (if a `-m` or `-F` option was
 given); `template` (if a `-t` option was given or the
 configuration option `commit.template` is set); `merge` (if the
@@ -105,7 +112,7 @@ The sample `prepare-commit-msg` hook that comes with git comments
 out the `Conflicts:` part of a merge's commit message.
 
 commit-msg
-----------
+~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-commit', and can be bypassed
 with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes a single parameter, the
@@ -122,7 +129,7 @@ The default 'commit-msg' hook, when enabled, detects duplicate
 "Signed-off-by" lines, and aborts the commit if one is found.
 
 post-commit
------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-commit'.  It takes no
 parameter, and is invoked after a commit is made.
@@ -131,14 +138,14 @@ This hook is meant primarily for notification, and cannot affect
 the outcome of 'git-commit'.
 
 pre-rebase
-----------
+~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is called by 'git-rebase' and can be used to prevent a branch
 from getting rebased.
 
 
 post-checkout
------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked when a 'git-checkout' is run after having updated the
 worktree.  The hook is given three parameters: the ref of the previous HEAD,
@@ -147,12 +154,16 @@ indicating whether the checkout was a branch checkout (changing branches,
 flag=1) or a file checkout (retrieving a file from the index, flag=0).
 This hook cannot affect the outcome of 'git-checkout'.
 
+It is also run after 'git-clone', unless the --no-checkout (-n) option is
+used. The first parameter given to the hook is the null-ref, the second the
+ref of the new HEAD and the flag is always 1.
+
 This hook can be used to perform repository validity checks, auto-display
 differences from the previous HEAD if different, or set working dir metadata
 properties.
 
 post-merge
------------
+~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-merge', which happens when a 'git-pull'
 is done on a local repository.  The hook takes a single parameter, a status
@@ -167,7 +178,7 @@ for an example of how to do this.
 
 [[pre-receive]]
 pre-receive
------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
 which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
@@ -196,7 +207,7 @@ for the user.
 
 [[update]]
 update
-------
+~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
 which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
@@ -218,7 +229,7 @@ from updating that ref.
 This hook can be used to prevent 'forced' update on certain refs by
 making sure that the object name is a commit object that is a
 descendant of the commit object named by the old object name.
-That is, to enforce a "fast forward only" policy.
+That is, to enforce a "fast-forward only" policy.
 
 It could also be used to log the old..new status.  However, it
 does not know the entire set of branches, so it would end up
@@ -234,12 +245,12 @@ Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
 for the user.
 
 The default 'update' hook, when enabled--and with
-`hooks.allowunannotated` config option turned on--prevents
+`hooks.allowunannotated` config option unset or set to false--prevents
 unannotated tags to be pushed.
 
 [[post-receive]]
 post-receive
-------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
 which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
@@ -269,7 +280,7 @@ emails.
 
 [[post-update]]
 post-update
------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-receive-pack' on the remote repository,
 which happens when a 'git-push' is done on a local repository.
@@ -300,7 +311,7 @@ Both standard output and standard error output are forwarded to
 for the user.
 
 pre-auto-gc
------------
+~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git-gc --auto'. It takes no parameter, and
 exiting with non-zero status from this script causes the 'git-gc --auto'
diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
index 59321a2e8..7df3cef46 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
 
  * Patterns read from a `.gitignore` file in the same directory
    as the path, or in any parent directory, with patterns in the
-   higher level files (up to the root) being overridden by those in
-   lower level files down to the directory containing the file.
+   higher level files (up to the toplevel of the work tree) being overridden
+   by those in lower level files down to the directory containing the file.
    These patterns match relative to the location of the
    `.gitignore` file.  A project normally includes such
    `.gitignore` files in its repository, containing patterns for
diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt
index 317f6317c..cf465cb47 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitk.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ git repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-To control which revisions to shown, the command takes options applicable to
+To control which revisions to show, the command takes options applicable to
 the 'git-rev-list' command (see linkgit:git-rev-list[1]).
 This manual page describes only the most
 frequently used options.
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ frequently used options.
 
 	After an attempt to merge stops with conflicts, show the commits on
 	the history between two branches (i.e. the HEAD and the MERGE_HEAD)
-	that modify the conflicted files.
+	that modify the conflicted files and do not exist on all the heads
+	being merged.
 
 --argscmd=<command>::
 	Command to be run each time gitk has to determine the list of
@@ -73,14 +74,14 @@ frequently used options.
 <path>...::
 
 	Limit commits to the ones touching files in the given paths. Note, to
-	avoid ambiguity wrt. revision names use "--" to separate the paths
+	avoid ambiguity with respect to revision names use "--" to separate the paths
 	from any preceding options.
 
 Examples
 --------
 gitk v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi::
 
-	Show as the changes since version 'v2.6.12' that changed any
+	Show the changes since version 'v2.6.12' that changed any
 	file in the include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
 
 gitk --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk::
diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
index d1a17e262..5daf750d1 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
@@ -30,6 +30,17 @@ submodule.<name>.path::
 submodule.<name>.url::
 	Defines an url from where the submodule repository can be cloned.
 
+submodule.<name>.update::
+	Defines what to do when the submodule is updated by the superproject.
+	If 'checkout' (the default), the new commit specified in the
+	superproject will be checked out in the submodule on a detached HEAD.
+	If 'rebase', the current branch of the submodule will be rebased onto
+	the commit specified in the superproject. If 'merge', the commit
+	specified in the superproject will be merged into the current branch
+	in the submodule.
+	This config option is overridden if 'git submodule update' is given
+	the '--merge' or '--rebase' options.
+
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
index a969b3fbc..1befca98d 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
@@ -134,7 +134,8 @@ hooks::
 	Hooks are customization scripts used by various git
 	commands.  A handful of sample hooks are installed when
 	'git-init' is run, but all of them are disabled by
-	default.  To enable, they need to be made executable.
+	default.  To enable, the `.sample` suffix has to be
+	removed from the filename by renaming.
 	Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about
 	each hook.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
index a057b50b2..dc8fc3a18 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
 $ echo 'hello world' > file.txt
 $ git add .
 $ git commit -a -m "initial commit"
-[master (root-commit)] created 54196cc: "initial commit"
+[master (root-commit) 54196cc] initial commit
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file.txt
 $ echo 'hello world!' >file.txt
 $ git commit -a -m "add emphasis"
-[master] created c4d59f3: "add emphasis"
+[master c4d59f3] add emphasis
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
index 7892244ef..cf0689cfe 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
@@ -308,9 +308,7 @@ alice$ git pull /home/bob/myrepo master
 
 This merges the changes from Bob's "master" branch into Alice's
 current branch.  If Alice has made her own changes in the meantime,
-then she may need to manually fix any conflicts.  (Note that the
-"master" argument in the above command is actually unnecessary, as it
-is the default.)
+then she may need to manually fix any conflicts.
 
 The "pull" command thus performs two operations: it fetches changes
 from a remote branch, then merges them into the current branch.
@@ -334,11 +332,11 @@ alice$ git log -p HEAD..FETCH_HEAD
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This operation is safe even if Alice has uncommitted local changes.
-The range notation HEAD..FETCH_HEAD" means "show everything that is reachable
-from the FETCH_HEAD but exclude anything that is reachable from HEAD.
+The range notation "HEAD..FETCH_HEAD" means "show everything that is reachable
+from the FETCH_HEAD but exclude anything that is reachable from HEAD".
 Alice already knows everything that leads to her current state (HEAD),
-and reviewing what Bob has in his state (FETCH_HEAD) that she has not
-seen with this command
+and reviews what Bob has in his state (FETCH_HEAD) that she has not
+seen with this command.
 
 If Alice wants to visualize what Bob did since their histories forked
 she can issue the following command:
@@ -377,9 +375,9 @@ it easier:
 alice$ git remote add bob /home/bob/myrepo
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-With this, Alice can perform the first part of the "pull" operation alone using the
-'git-fetch' command without merging them with her own branch,
-using:
+With this, Alice can perform the first part of the "pull" operation
+alone using the 'git-fetch' command without merging them with her own
+branch, using:
 
 -------------------------------------
 alice$ git fetch bob
@@ -568,29 +566,29 @@ $ git log v2.5.. Makefile       # commits since v2.5 which modify
 
 You can also give 'git-log' a "range" of commits where the first is not
 necessarily an ancestor of the second; for example, if the tips of
-the branches "stable-release" and "master" diverged from a common
+the branches "stable" and "master" diverged from a common
 commit some time ago, then
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git log stable..experimental
+$ git log stable..master
 -------------------------------------
 
-will list commits made in the experimental branch but not in the
+will list commits made in the master branch but not in the
 stable branch, while
 
 -------------------------------------
-$ git log experimental..stable
+$ git log master..stable
 -------------------------------------
 
 will show the list of commits made on the stable branch but not
-the experimental branch.
+the master branch.
 
 The 'git-log' command has a weakness: it must present commits in a
 list.  When the history has lines of development that diverged and
 then merged back together, the order in which 'git-log' presents
 those commits is meaningless.
 
-Most projects with multiple contributors (such as the linux kernel,
+Most projects with multiple contributors (such as the Linux kernel,
 or git itself) have frequent merges, and 'gitk' does a better job of
 visualizing their history.  For example,
 
@@ -642,7 +640,7 @@ digressions that may be interesting at this point are:
 
   * linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-am[1]: These convert
     series of git commits into emailed patches, and vice versa,
-    useful for projects such as the linux kernel which rely heavily
+    useful for projects such as the Linux kernel which rely heavily
     on emailed patches.
 
   * linkgit:git-bisect[1]: When there is a regression in your
@@ -652,6 +650,9 @@ digressions that may be interesting at this point are:
     smart enough to perform a close-to-optimal search even in the
     case of complex non-linear history with lots of merged branches.
 
+  * linkgit:gitworkflows[7]: Gives an overview of recommended
+    workflows.
+
   * link:everyday.html[Everyday GIT with 20 Commands Or So]
 
   * linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]: Git for CVS users.
@@ -663,6 +664,7 @@ linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
 linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
 linkgit:gitglossary[7],
 linkgit:git-help[1],
+linkgit:gitworkflows[7],
 link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
 link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
index 2b021e3c1..065441df6 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
@@ -209,6 +209,121 @@ chance to see if their in-progress work will be compatible.  `git.git`
 has such an official throw-away integration branch called 'pu'.
 
 
+Branch management for a release
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Assuming you are using the merge approach discussed above, when you
+are releasing your project you will need to do some additional branch
+management work.
+
+A feature release is created from the 'master' branch, since 'master'
+tracks the commits that should go into the next feature release.
+
+The 'master' branch is supposed to be a superset of 'maint'. If this
+condition does not hold, then 'maint' contains some commits that
+are not included on 'master'. The fixes represented by those commits
+will therefore not be included in your feature release.
+
+To verify that 'master' is indeed a superset of 'maint', use git log:
+
+.Verify 'master' is a superset of 'maint'
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+`git log master..maint`
+=====================================
+
+This command should not list any commits.  Otherwise, check out
+'master' and merge 'maint' into it.
+
+Now you can proceed with the creation of the feature release. Apply a
+tag to the tip of 'master' indicating the release version:
+
+.Release tagging
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+`git tag -s -m "GIT X.Y.Z" vX.Y.Z master`
+=====================================
+
+You need to push the new tag to a public git server (see
+"DISTRIBUTED WORKFLOWS" below). This makes the tag available to
+others tracking your project. The push could also trigger a
+post-update hook to perform release-related items such as building
+release tarballs and preformatted documentation pages.
+
+Similarly, for a maintenance release, 'maint' is tracking the commits
+to be released. Therefore, in the steps above simply tag and push
+'maint' rather than 'master'.
+
+
+Maintenance branch management after a feature release
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+After a feature release, you need to manage your maintenance branches.
+
+First, if you wish to continue to release maintenance fixes for the
+feature release made before the recent one, then you must create
+another branch to track commits for that previous release.
+
+To do this, the current maintenance branch is copied to another branch
+named with the previous release version number (e.g. maint-X.Y.(Z-1)
+where X.Y.Z is the current release).
+
+.Copy maint
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+`git branch maint-X.Y.(Z-1) maint`
+=====================================
+
+The 'maint' branch should now be fast-forwarded to the newly released
+code so that maintenance fixes can be tracked for the current release:
+
+.Update maint to new release
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+* `git checkout maint`
+* `git merge --ff-only master`
+=====================================
+
+If the merge fails because it is not a fast-forward, then it is
+possible some fixes on 'maint' were missed in the feature release.
+This will not happen if the content of the branches was verified as
+described in the previous section.
+
+
+Branch management for next and pu after a feature release
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+After a feature release, the integration branch 'next' may optionally be
+rewound and rebuilt from the tip of 'master' using the surviving
+topics on 'next':
+
+.Rewind and rebuild next
+[caption="Recipe: "]
+=====================================
+* `git checkout next`
+* `git reset --hard master`
+* `git merge ai/topic_in_next1`
+* `git merge ai/topic_in_next2`
+* ...
+=====================================
+
+The advantage of doing this is that the history of 'next' will be
+clean. For example, some topics merged into 'next' may have initially
+looked promising, but were later found to be undesirable or premature.
+In such a case, the topic is reverted out of 'next' but the fact
+remains in the history that it was once merged and reverted. By
+recreating 'next', you give another incarnation of such topics a clean
+slate to retry, and a feature release is a good point in history to do
+so.
+
+If you do this, then you should make a public announcement indicating
+that 'next' was rewound and rebuilt.
+
+The same rewind and rebuild process may be followed for 'pu'. A public
+announcement is not necessary since 'pu' is a throw-away branch, as
+described above.
+
+
 DISTRIBUTED WORKFLOWS
 ---------------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index 9b4a4f45e..1f029f8aa 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ to point at the new commit.
 	An evil merge is a <<def_merge,merge>> that introduces changes that
 	do not appear in any <<def_parent,parent>>.
 
-[[def_fast_forward]]fast forward::
+[[def_fast_forward]]fast-forward::
 	A fast-forward is a special type of <<def_merge,merge>> where you have a
 	<<def_revision,revision>> and you are "merging" another
 	<<def_branch,branch>>'s changes that happen to be a descendant of what
@@ -183,7 +183,8 @@ to point at the new commit.
 	and potentially aborted, and allow for a post-notification after the
 	operation is done. The hook scripts are found in the
 	`$GIT_DIR/hooks/` directory, and are enabled by simply
-	making them executable.
+	removing the `.sample` suffix from the filename. In earlier versions
+	of git you had to make them executable.
 
 [[def_index]]index::
 	A collection of files with stat information, whose contents are stored
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ to point at the new commit.
 	conflict, manual intervention may be required to complete the
 	merge.
 +
-As a noun: unless it is a <<def_fast_forward,fast forward>>, a
+As a noun: unless it is a <<def_fast_forward,fast-forward>>, a
 successful merge results in the creation of a new <<def_commit,commit>>
 representing the result of the merge, and having as
 <<def_parent,parents>> the tips of the merged <<def_branch,branches>>.
@@ -261,7 +262,7 @@ This commit is referred to as a "merge commit", or sometimes just a
 	'origin' is used for that purpose. New upstream updates
 	will be fetched into remote <<def_tracking_branch,tracking branches>> named
 	origin/name-of-upstream-branch, which you can see using
-	"`git branch -r`".
+	`git branch -r`.
 
 [[def_pack]]pack::
 	A set of objects which have been compressed into one file (to save space
@@ -448,7 +449,13 @@ This commit is referred to as a "merge commit", or sometimes just a
 	An <<def_object,object>> which is not <<def_reachable,reachable>> from a
 	<<def_branch,branch>>, <<def_tag,tag>>, or any other reference.
 
+[[def_upstream_branch]]upstream branch::
+	The default <<def_branch,branch>> that is merged into the branch in
+	question (or the branch in question is rebased onto). It is configured
+	via branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge. If the upstream branch
+	of 'A' is 'origin/B' sometimes we say "'A' is tracking 'origin/B'".
+
 [[def_working_tree]]working tree::
-	The tree of actual checked out files.  The working tree is
-	normally equal to the <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> plus any local changes
-	that you have made but not yet committed.
+	The tree of actual checked out files.  The working tree normally
+	contains the contents of the <<def_HEAD,HEAD>> commit's tree,
+	plus any local changes that you have made but not yet committed.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
index 4357e2691..d527b3077 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The policy.
    not yet pass the criteria set for 'next'.
 
  - The tips of 'master', 'maint' and 'next' branches will always
-   fast forward, to allow people to build their own
+   fast-forward, to allow people to build their own
    customization on top of them.
 
  - Usually 'master' contains all of 'maint', 'next' contains all
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
index d214d4bf9..74a1c0c4b 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ the kind of task StGIT is designed to do.
 I just have done a simpler one, this time using only the core
 GIT tools.
 
-I had a handful commits that were ahead of master in pu, and I
+I had a handful of commits that were ahead of master in pu, and I
 wanted to add some documentation bypassing my usual habit of
 placing new things in pu first.  At the beginning, the commit
 ancestry graph looked like this:
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3b4a39000
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2008 00:45:19 -0800
+From: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>, Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+Subject: Re: Odd merge behaviour involving reverts
+Abstract: Sometimes a branch that was already merged to the mainline
+ is later found to be faulty.  Linus and Junio give guidance on
+ recovering from such a premature merge and continuing development
+ after the offending branch is fixed.
+Message-ID: <7vocz8a6zk.fsf@gitster.siamese.dyndns.org>
+References: <alpine.LFD.2.00.0812181949450.14014@localhost.localdomain>
+
+Alan <alan@clueserver.org> said:
+
+    I have a master branch.  We have a branch off of that that some
+    developers are doing work on.  They claim it is ready. We merge it
+    into the master branch.  It breaks something so we revert the merge.
+    They make changes to the code.  they get it to a point where they say
+    it is ok and we merge again.
+
+    When examined, we find that code changes made before the revert are
+    not in the master branch, but code changes after are in the master
+    branch.
+
+and asked for help recovering from this situation.
+
+The history immediately after the "revert of the merge" would look like
+this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W
+	       /
+       ---A---B
+
+where A and B are on the side development that was not so good, M is the
+merge that brings these premature changes into the mainline, x are changes
+unrelated to what the side branch did and already made on the mainline,
+and W is the "revert of the merge M" (doesn't W look M upside down?).
+IOW, "diff W^..W" is similar to "diff -R M^..M".
+
+Such a "revert" of a merge can be made with:
+
+    $ git revert -m 1 M
+
+After the developers of the side branch fix their mistakes, the history
+may look like this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
+	       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+where C and D are to fix what was broken in A and B, and you may already
+have some other changes on the mainline after W.
+
+If you merge the updated side branch (with D at its tip), none of the
+changes made in A nor B will be in the result, because they were reverted
+by W.  That is what Alan saw.
+
+Linus explains the situation:
+
+    Reverting a regular commit just effectively undoes what that commit
+    did, and is fairly straightforward. But reverting a merge commit also
+    undoes the _data_ that the commit changed, but it does absolutely
+    nothing to the effects on _history_ that the merge had.
+
+    So the merge will still exist, and it will still be seen as joining
+    the two branches together, and future merges will see that merge as
+    the last shared state - and the revert that reverted the merge brought
+    in will not affect that at all.
+
+    So a "revert" undoes the data changes, but it's very much _not_ an
+    "undo" in the sense that it doesn't undo the effects of a commit on
+    the repository history.
+
+    So if you think of "revert" as "undo", then you're going to always
+    miss this part of reverts. Yes, it undoes the data, but no, it doesn't
+    undo history.
+
+In such a situation, you would want to first revert the previous revert,
+which would make the history look like this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---Y
+	       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+where Y is the revert of W.  Such a "revert of the revert" can be done
+with:
+
+    $ git revert W
+
+This history would (ignoring possible conflicts between what W and W..Y
+changed) be equivalent to not having W nor Y at all in the history:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x----
+	       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+and merging the side branch again will not have conflict arising from an
+earlier revert and revert of the revert.
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x-------*
+	       /                       /
+       ---A---B-------------------C---D
+
+Of course the changes made in C and D still can conflict with what was
+done by any of the x, but that is just a normal merge conflict.
+
+On the other hand, if the developers of the side branch discarded their
+faulty A and B, and redone the changes on top of the updated mainline
+after the revert, the history would have looked like this:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
+	       /                 \
+       ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
+
+If you reverted the revert in such a case as in the previous example:
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x---Y---*
+	       /                 \         /
+       ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
+
+where Y is the revert of W, A' and B' are rerolled A and B, and there may
+also be a further fix-up C' on the side branch.  "diff Y^..Y" is similar
+to "diff -R W^..W" (which in turn means it is similar to "diff M^..M"),
+and "diff A'^..C'" by definition would be similar but different from that,
+because it is a rerolled series of the earlier change.  There will be a
+lot of overlapping changes that result in conflicts.  So do not do "revert
+of revert" blindly without thinking..
+
+ ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
+	       /                 \
+       ---A---B                   A'--B'--C'
+
+In the history with rebased side branch, W (and M) are behind the merge
+base of the updated branch and the tip of the mainline, and they should
+merge without the past faulty merge and its revert getting in the way.
+
+To recap, these are two very different scenarios, and they want two very
+different resolution strategies:
+
+ - If the faulty side branch was fixed by adding corrections on top, then
+   doing a revert of the previous revert would be the right thing to do.
+
+ - If the faulty side branch whose effects were discarded by an earlier
+   revert of a merge was rebuilt from scratch (i.e. rebasing and fixing,
+   as you seem to have interpreted), then re-merging the result without
+   doing anything else fancy would be the right thing to do.
+
+However, there are things to keep in mind when reverting a merge (and
+reverting such a revert).
+
+For example, think about what reverting a merge (and then reverting the
+revert) does to bisectability. Ignore the fact that the revert of a revert
+is undoing it - just think of it as a "single commit that does a lot".
+Because that is what it does.
+
+When you have a problem you are chasing down, and you hit a "revert this
+merge", what you're hitting is essentially a single commit that contains
+all the changes (but obviously in reverse) of all the commits that got
+merged. So it's debugging hell, because now you don't have lots of small
+changes that you can try to pinpoint which _part_ of it changes.
+
+But does it all work? Sure it does. You can revert a merge, and from a
+purely technical angle, git did it very naturally and had no real
+troubles. It just considered it a change from "state before merge" to
+"state after merge", and that was it. Nothing complicated, nothing odd,
+nothing really dangerous. Git will do it without even thinking about it.
+
+So from a technical angle, there's nothing wrong with reverting a merge,
+but from a workflow angle it's something that you generally should try to
+avoid.
+
+If at all possible, for example, if you find a problem that got merged
+into the main tree, rather than revert the merge, try _really_ hard to
+bisect the problem down into the branch you merged, and just fix it, or
+try to revert the individual commit that caused it.
+
+Yes, it's more complex, and no, it's not always going to work (sometimes
+the answer is: "oops, I really shouldn't have merged it, because it wasn't
+ready yet, and I really need to undo _all_ of the merge"). So then you
+really should revert the merge, but when you want to re-do the merge, you
+now need to do it by reverting the revert.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
index e70d8a31e..8c32da6de 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Fortunately I did not have to; what I have in the current branch
 
 ------------------------------------------------
 $ git checkout master
-$ git merge revert-c99 ;# this should be a fast forward
+$ git merge revert-c99 ;# this should be a fast-forward
 Updating from 10d781b9caa4f71495c7b34963bef137216f86a8 to e3a693c...
  cache.h        |    8 ++++----
  commit.c       |    2 +-
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ Updating from 10d781b9caa4f71495c7b34963bef137216f86a8 to e3a693c...
  5 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-There is no need to redo the test at this point.  We fast forwarded
+There is no need to redo the test at this point.  We fast-forwarded
 and we know 'master' matches 'revert-c99' exactly.  In fact:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
index 403274860..622ee5c8d 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ Then, add something like this to your httpd.conf
        Require valid-user
     </Location>
 
-    Debian automatically reads all files under /etc/apach2/conf.d.
+    Debian automatically reads all files under /etc/apache2/conf.d.
 
 The password file can be somewhere else, but it has to be readable by
 Apache and preferably not readable by the world.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
index 697d91888..b7f8d416d 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ case "$1" in
     if expr "$2" : '0*$' >/dev/null; then
       info "The branch '$1' is new..."
     else
-      # updating -- make sure it is a fast forward
+      # updating -- make sure it is a fast-forward
       mb=$(git-merge-base "$2" "$3")
       case "$mb,$2" in
         "$2,$mb") info "Update is fast-forward" ;;
diff --git a/Documentation/i18n.txt b/Documentation/i18n.txt
index 2cdacd94c..708da6ca3 100644
--- a/Documentation/i18n.txt
+++ b/Documentation/i18n.txt
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ At the core level, git is character encoding agnostic.
    to be what lstat(2) and creat(2) accepts.  There is no such
    thing as pathname encoding translation.
 
- - The contents of the blob objects are uninterpreted sequence
+ - The contents of the blob objects are uninterpreted sequences
    of bytes.  There is no encoding translation at the core
    level.
 
- - The commit log messages are uninterpreted sequence of non-NUL
+ - The commit log messages are uninterpreted sequences of non-NUL
    bytes.
 
 Although we encourage that the commit log messages are encoded
diff --git a/Documentation/mailmap.txt b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..288f04e70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+If the file `.mailmap` exists at the toplevel of the repository, or at
+the location pointed to by the mailmap.file configuration option, it
+is used to map author and committer names and email addresses to
+canonical real names and email addresses.
+
+In the simple form, each line in the file consists of the canonical
+real name of an author, whitespace, and an email address used in the
+commit (enclosed by '<' and '>') to map to the name. For example:
+--
+	Proper Name <commit@email.xx>
+--
+
+The more complex forms are:
+--
+	<proper@email.xx> <commit@email.xx>
+--
+which allows mailmap to replace only the email part of a commit, and:
+--
+	Proper Name <proper@email.xx> <commit@email.xx>
+--
+which allows mailmap to replace both the name and the email of a
+commit matching the specified commit email address, and:
+--
+	Proper Name <proper@email.xx> Commit Name <commit@email.xx>
+--
+which allows mailmap to replace both the name and the email of a
+commit matching both the specified commit name and email address.
+
+Example 1: Your history contains commits by two authors, Jane
+and Joe, whose names appear in the repository under several forms:
+
+------------
+Joe Developer <joe@example.com>
+Joe R. Developer <joe@example.com>
+Jane Doe <jane@example.com>
+Jane Doe <jane@laptop.(none)>
+Jane D. <jane@desktop.(none)>
+------------
+
+Now suppose that Joe wants his middle name initial used, and Jane
+prefers her family name fully spelled out. A proper `.mailmap` file
+would look like:
+
+------------
+Jane Doe         <jane@desktop.(none)>
+Joe R. Developer <joe@example.com>
+------------
+
+Note how there is no need for an entry for <jane@laptop.(none)>, because the
+real name of that author is already correct.
+
+Example 2: Your repository contains commits from the following
+authors:
+
+------------
+nick1 <bugs@company.xx>
+nick2 <bugs@company.xx>
+nick2 <nick2@company.xx>
+santa <me@company.xx>
+claus <me@company.xx>
+CTO <cto@coompany.xx>
+------------
+
+Then you might want a `.mailmap` file that looks like:
+------------
+<cto@company.xx>                       <cto@coompany.xx>
+Some Dude <some@dude.xx>         nick1 <bugs@company.xx>
+Other Author <other@author.xx>   nick2 <bugs@company.xx>
+Other Author <other@author.xx>         <nick2@company.xx>
+Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> <me@company.xx>
+------------
+
+Use hash '#' for comments that are either on their own line, or after
+the email address.
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-1.72.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-1.72.xsl
index 4065a3a27..b4d315cb8 100644
--- a/Documentation/manpage-1.72.xsl
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-1.72.xsl
@@ -1,21 +1,14 @@
-<!-- Based on callouts.xsl. Fixes man page callouts for DocBook 1.72 XSL -->
-<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
+<!-- manpage-1.72.xsl:
+     special settings for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook
+     handles peculiarities in docbook-xsl 1.72.0 -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
 
-<xsl:param name="man.output.quietly" select="1"/>
-<xsl:param name="refentry.meta.get.quietly" select="1"/>
+<xsl:import href="manpage-base.xsl"/>
 
-<xsl:template match="co">
-	<xsl:value-of select="concat('&#x2593;fB(',substring-after(@id,'-'),')&#x2593;fR')"/>
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="calloutlist">
-	<xsl:text>&#x2302;sp&#10;</xsl:text>
-	<xsl:apply-templates/>
-	<xsl:text>&#10;</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="callout">
-	<xsl:value-of select="concat('&#x2593;fB',substring-after(@arearefs,'-'),'. &#x2593;fR')"/>
-	<xsl:apply-templates/>
-	<xsl:text>&#x2302;br&#10;</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
+<!-- these are the special values for the roff control characters
+     needed for docbook-xsl 1.72.0 -->
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.backslash">&#x2593;</xsl:param>
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.dot"      >&#x2302;</xsl:param>
 
 </xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-base-url.xsl.in b/Documentation/manpage-base-url.xsl.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e800904df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-base-url.xsl.in
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<!-- manpage-base-url.xsl:
+     special settings for manpages rendered from newer docbook -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- set a base URL for relative links -->
+<xsl:param name="man.base.url.for.relative.links"
+	>@@MAN_BASE_URL@@</xsl:param>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-base.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-base.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a264fa616
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-base.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<!-- manpage-base.xsl:
+     special formatting for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- these params silence some output from xmlto -->
+<xsl:param name="man.output.quietly" select="1"/>
+<xsl:param name="refentry.meta.get.quietly" select="1"/>
+
+<!-- convert asciidoc callouts to man page format;
+     git.docbook.backslash and git.docbook.dot params
+     must be supplied by another XSL file or other means -->
+<xsl:template match="co">
+	<xsl:value-of select="concat(
+			      $git.docbook.backslash,'fB(',
+			      substring-after(@id,'-'),')',
+			      $git.docbook.backslash,'fR')"/>
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="calloutlist">
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.dot"/>
+	<xsl:text>sp&#10;</xsl:text>
+	<xsl:apply-templates/>
+	<xsl:text>&#10;</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="callout">
+	<xsl:value-of select="concat(
+			      $git.docbook.backslash,'fB',
+			      substring-after(@arearefs,'-'),
+			      '. ',$git.docbook.backslash,'fR')"/>
+	<xsl:apply-templates/>
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.dot"/>
+	<xsl:text>br&#10;</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..608eb5df6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-bold-literal.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<!-- manpage-bold-literal.xsl:
+     special formatting for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- render literal text as bold (instead of plain or monospace);
+     this makes literal text easier to distinguish in manpages
+     viewed on a tty -->
+<xsl:template match="literal">
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.backslash"/>
+	<xsl:text>fB</xsl:text>
+	<xsl:apply-templates/>
+	<xsl:value-of select="$git.docbook.backslash"/>
+	<xsl:text>fR</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a48f5b11f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!-- manpage-normal.xsl:
+     special settings for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook
+     handles anything we want to keep away from docbook-xsl 1.72.0 -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<xsl:import href="manpage-base.xsl"/>
+
+<!-- these are the normal values for the roff control characters -->
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.backslash">\</xsl:param>
+<xsl:param name="git.docbook.dot"	>.</xsl:param>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-quote-apos.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-quote-apos.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aeb8839f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-quote-apos.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- work around newer groff/man setups using a prettier apostrophe
+     that unfortunately does not quote anything when cut&pasting
+     examples to the shell -->
+<xsl:template name="escape.apostrophe">
+  <xsl:param name="content"/>
+  <xsl:call-template name="string.subst">
+    <xsl:with-param name="string" select="$content"/>
+    <xsl:with-param name="target">'</xsl:with-param>
+    <xsl:with-param name="replacement">\(aq</xsl:with-param>
+  </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/manpage-suppress-sp.xsl b/Documentation/manpage-suppress-sp.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a63c7632a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/manpage-suppress-sp.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<!-- manpage-suppress-sp.xsl:
+     special settings for manpages rendered from asciidoc+docbook
+     handles erroneous, inline .sp in manpage output of some
+     versions of docbook-xsl -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+		version="1.0">
+
+<!-- attempt to work around spurious .sp at the tail of the line
+     that some versions of docbook stylesheets seem to add -->
+<xsl:template match="simpara">
+  <xsl:variable name="content">
+    <xsl:apply-templates/>
+  </xsl:variable>
+  <xsl:value-of select="normalize-space($content)"/>
+  <xsl:if test="not(ancestor::authorblurb) and
+                not(ancestor::personblurb)">
+    <xsl:text>&#10;&#10;</xsl:text>
+  </xsl:if>
+</xsl:template>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
index 86d5b26ab..a40315505 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 merge.conflictstyle::
 	Specify the style in which conflicted hunks are written out to
 	working tree files upon merge.  The default is "merge", which
-	shows `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, change made by one side,
-	`=======` marker, change made by the other side, and then
-	`>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds `|||||||`
-	marker and the original text before `=======` marker.
+	shows a `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, changes made by one side,
+	a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and then
+	a `>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||`
+	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.
 
 merge.log::
 	Whether to include summaries of merged commits in newly created
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ merge.stat::
 merge.tool::
 	Controls which merge resolution program is used by
 	linkgit:git-mergetool[1].  Valid built-in values are: "kdiff3",
-	"tkdiff", "meld", "xxdiff", "emerge", "vimdiff", "gvimdiff", and
+	"tkdiff", "meld", "xxdiff", "emerge", "vimdiff", "gvimdiff",
+	"diffuse", "ecmerge", "tortoisemerge", "p4merge", "araxis" and
 	"opendiff".  Any other value is treated is custom merge tool
 	and there must be a corresponding mergetool.<tool>.cmd option.
 
@@ -32,10 +33,10 @@ merge.verbosity::
 	message if conflicts were detected. Level 1 outputs only
 	conflicts, 2 outputs conflicts and file changes.  Level 5 and
 	above outputs debugging information.  The default is level 2.
-	Can be overridden by 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY' environment variable.
+	Can be overridden by the 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY' environment variable.
 
 merge.<driver>.name::
-	Defines a human readable name for a custom low-level
+	Defines a human-readable name for a custom low-level
 	merge driver.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details.
 
 merge.<driver>.driver::
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
index 427cdefd0..fec339430 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
@@ -1,63 +1,58 @@
--q::
---quiet::
-	Operate quietly.
-
--v::
---verbose::
-	Be verbose.
-
---stat::
-	Show a diffstat at the end of the merge. The diffstat is also
-	controlled by the configuration option merge.stat.
-
--n::
---no-stat::
-	Do not show diffstat at the end of the merge.
+--commit::
+--no-commit::
+	Perform the merge and commit the result. This option can
+	be used to override --no-commit.
++
+With --no-commit perform the merge but pretend the merge
+failed and do not autocommit, to give the user a chance to
+inspect and further tweak the merge result before committing.
 
---summary::
---no-summary::
-	Synonyms to --stat and --no-stat; these are deprecated and will be
-	removed in the future.
+--ff::
+--no-ff::
+	Do not generate a merge commit if the merge resolved as
+	a fast-forward, only update the branch pointer. This is
+	the default behavior of git-merge.
++
+With --no-ff Generate a merge commit even if the merge
+resolved as a fast-forward.
 
 --log::
+--no-log::
 	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with
 	one-line descriptions from the actual commits that are being
 	merged.
++
+With --no-log do not list one-line descriptions from the
+actual commits being merged.
 
---no-log::
-	Do not list one-line descriptions from the actual commits being
-	merged.
-
---no-commit::
-	Perform the merge but pretend the merge failed and do
-	not autocommit, to give the user a chance to inspect and
-	further tweak the merge result before committing.
 
---commit::
-	Perform the merge and commit the result. This option can
-	be used to override --no-commit.
+--stat::
+-n::
+--no-stat::
+	Show a diffstat at the end of the merge. The diffstat is also
+	controlled by the configuration option merge.stat.
++
+With -n or --no-stat do not show a diffstat at the end of the
+merge.
 
 --squash::
+--no-squash::
 	Produce the working tree and index state as if a real
-	merge happened, but do not actually make a commit or
+	merge happened (except for the merge information),
+	but do not actually make a commit or
 	move the `HEAD`, nor record `$GIT_DIR/MERGE_HEAD` to
 	cause the next `git commit` command to create a merge
 	commit.  This allows you to create a single commit on
 	top of the current branch whose effect is the same as
 	merging another branch (or more in case of an octopus).
++
+With --no-squash perform the merge and commit the result. This
+option can be used to override --squash.
 
---no-squash::
-	Perform the merge and commit the result. This option can
-	be used to override --squash.
-
---no-ff::
-	Generate a merge commit even if the merge resolved as a
-	fast-forward.
-
---ff::
-	Do not generate a merge commit if the merge resolved as
-	a fast-forward, only update the branch pointer. This is
-	the default behavior of git-merge.
+--ff-only::
+	Refuse to merge and exit with a non-zero status unless the
+	current `HEAD` is already up-to-date or the merge can be
+	resolved as a fast-forward.
 
 -s <strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
@@ -66,3 +61,16 @@
 	If there is no `-s` option, a built-in list of strategies
 	is used instead ('git-merge-recursive' when merging a single
 	head, 'git-merge-octopus' otherwise).
+
+--summary::
+--no-summary::
+	Synonyms to --stat and --no-stat; these are deprecated and will be
+	removed in the future.
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Operate quietly.
+
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Be verbose.
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
index 1276f858a..42910a3d5 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@ MERGE STRATEGIES
 
 resolve::
 	This can only resolve two heads (i.e. the current branch
-	and another branch you pulled from) using 3-way merge
+	and another branch you pulled from) using a 3-way merge
 	algorithm.  It tries to carefully detect criss-cross
 	merge ambiguities and is considered generally safe and
 	fast.
 
 recursive::
-	This can only resolve two heads using 3-way merge
-	algorithm.  When there are more than one common
-	ancestors that can be used for 3-way merge, it creates a
+	This can only resolve two heads using a 3-way merge
+	algorithm.  When there is more than one common
+	ancestor that can be used for 3-way merge, it creates a
 	merged tree of the common ancestors and uses that as
 	the reference tree for the 3-way merge.  This has been
 	reported to result in fewer merge conflicts without
@@ -22,15 +22,16 @@ recursive::
 	pulling or merging one branch.
 
 octopus::
-	This resolves more than two-head case, but refuses to do
-	complex merge that needs manual resolution.  It is
+	This resolves cases with more than two heads, but refuses to do
+	a complex merge that needs manual resolution.  It is
 	primarily meant to be used for bundling topic branch
 	heads together.  This is the default merge strategy when
-	pulling or merging more than one branches.
+	pulling or merging more than one branch.
 
 ours::
-	This resolves any number of heads, but the result of the
-	merge is always the current branch head.  It is meant to
+	This resolves any number of heads, but the resulting tree of the
+	merge is always that of the current branch head, effectively
+	ignoring all changes from all other branches.  It is meant to
 	be used to supersede old development history of side
 	branches.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index f18d33e00..53a9168ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ This is designed to be as compact as possible.
 
 	  commit <sha1>
 	  Author: <author>
-	  Date: <author date>
+	  Date:   <author date>
 
 	      <title line>
 
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ This is designed to be as compact as possible.
 * 'fuller'
 
 	  commit <sha1>
-	  Author: <author>
+	  Author:     <author>
 	  AuthorDate: <author date>
-	  Commit: <committer>
+	  Commit:     <committer>
 	  CommitDate: <committer date>
 
 	       <title line>
@@ -101,16 +101,18 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%P': parent hashes
 - '%p': abbreviated parent hashes
 - '%an': author name
-- '%aN': author name (respecting .mailmap)
+- '%aN': author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ae': author email
+- '%aE': author email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ad': author date (format respects --date= option)
 - '%aD': author date, RFC2822 style
 - '%ar': author date, relative
 - '%at': author date, UNIX timestamp
 - '%ai': author date, ISO 8601 format
 - '%cn': committer name
-- '%cN': committer name (respecting .mailmap)
+- '%cN': committer name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%ce': committer email
+- '%cE': committer email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%cd': committer date
 - '%cD': committer date, RFC2822 style
 - '%cr': committer date, relative
@@ -119,14 +121,36 @@ The placeholders are:
 - '%d': ref names, like the --decorate option of linkgit:git-log[1]
 - '%e': encoding
 - '%s': subject
+- '%f': sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename
 - '%b': body
+- '%N': commit notes
+- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@\{1\}`
+- '%gd': shortened reflog selector, e.g., `stash@\{1\}`
+- '%gs': reflog subject
 - '%Cred': switch color to red
 - '%Cgreen': switch color to green
 - '%Cblue': switch color to blue
 - '%Creset': reset color
+- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option
 - '%m': left, right or boundary mark
 - '%n': newline
 - '%x00': print a byte from a hex code
+- '%w([<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]])': switch line wrapping, like the -w option of
+  linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
+
+NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
+revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will
+insert an empty string unless we are traversing reflog entries (e.g., by
+`git log -g`). The `%d` placeholder will use the "short" decoration
+format if `--decorate` was not already provided on the command line.
+
+If you add a `{plus}` (plus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, a line-feed
+is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
+placeholder expands to a non-empty string.
+
+If you add a `-` (minus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, line-feeds that
+immediately precede the expansion are deleted if and only if the
+placeholder expands to an empty string.
 
 * 'tformat:'
 +
@@ -149,3 +173,12 @@ $ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef \
 4da45be
 7134973
 ---------------------
++
+In addition, any unrecognized string that has a `%` in it is interpreted
+as if it has `tformat:` in front of it.  For example, these two are
+equivalent:
++
+---------------------
+$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef
+$ git log -2 --pretty=%h 4da45bef
+---------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
index 6d66c74cc..aa96caeab 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 --pretty[='<format>']::
+--format[='<format>']::
 
 	Pretty-print the contents of the commit logs in a given format,
 	where '<format>' can be one of 'oneline', 'short', 'medium',
@@ -10,16 +11,28 @@ configuration (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 --abbrev-commit::
 	Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object
-	name, show only handful hexdigits prefix.  Non default number of
+	name, show only a partial prefix.  Non default number of
 	digits can be specified with "--abbrev=<n>" (which also modifies
 	diff output, if it is displayed).
 +
 This should make "--pretty=oneline" a whole lot more readable for
 people using 80-column terminals.
 
+--oneline::
+	This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit"
+	used together.
+
 --encoding[=<encoding>]::
 	The commit objects record the encoding used for the log message
 	in their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the
 	command to re-code the commit log message in the encoding
 	preferred by the user.  For non plumbing commands this
 	defaults to UTF-8.
+
+--no-notes::
+--show-notes::
+	Show the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) that annotate the
+	commit, when showing the commit log message.  This is the default
+	for `git log`, `git show` and `git whatchanged` commands when
+	there is no `--pretty`, `--format` nor `--oneline` option is
+	given on the command line.
diff --git a/Documentation/pt_BR/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/pt_BR/gittutorial.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..beba06525
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/pt_BR/gittutorial.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+gittutorial(7)
+==============
+
+NOME
+----
+gittutorial - Um tutorial de introdução ao git (para versão 1.5.1 ou mais nova)
+
+SINOPSE
+--------
+git *
+
+DESCRIÇÃO
+-----------
+
+Este tutorial explica como importar um novo projeto para o git,
+adicionar mudanças a ele, e compartilhar mudanças com outros
+desenvolvedores.
+
+Se, ao invés disso, você está interessado primariamente em usar git para
+obter um projeto, por exemplo, para testar a última versão, você pode
+preferir começar com os primeiros dois capítulos de
+link:user-manual.html[O Manual do Usuário Git].
+
+Primeiro, note que você pode obter documentação para um comando como
+`git log --graph` com:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ man git-log
+------------------------------------------------
+
+ou:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git help log
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Com a última forma, você pode usar o visualizador de manual de sua
+escolha; veja linkgit:git-help[1] para maior informação.
+
+É uma boa idéia informar ao git seu nome e endereço público de email
+antes de fazer qualquer operação. A maneira mais fácil de fazê-lo é:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git config --global user.name "Seu Nome Vem Aqui"
+$ git config --global user.email voce@seudominio.exemplo.com
+------------------------------------------------
+
+
+Importando um novo projeto
+-----------------------
+
+Assuma que você tem um tarball project.tar.gz com seu trabalho inicial.
+Você pode colocá-lo sob controle de revisão git da seguinte forma:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ tar xzf project.tar.gz
+$ cd project
+$ git init
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Git irá responder
+
+------------------------------------------------
+Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Agora que você iniciou seu diretório de trabalho, você deve ter notado que um
+novo diretório foi criado com o nome de ".git".
+
+A seguir, diga ao git para gravar um instantâneo do conteúdo de todos os
+arquivos sob o diretório atual (note o '.'), com 'git-add':
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git add .
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Este instantâneo está agora armazenado em uma área temporária que o git
+chama de "index" ou índice. Você pode armazenar permanentemente o
+conteúdo do índice no repositório com 'git-commit':
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git commit
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Isto vai te pedir por uma mensagem de commit. Você agora gravou sua
+primeira versão de seu projeto no git.
+
+Fazendo mudanças
+--------------
+
+Modifique alguns arquivos, e, então, adicione seu conteúdo atualizado ao
+índice:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git add file1 file2 file3
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Você está agora pronto para fazer o commit. Você pode ver o que está
+para ser gravado usando 'git-diff' com a opção --cached:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git diff --cached
+------------------------------------------------
+
+(Sem --cached, o comando 'git-diff' irá te mostrar quaisquer mudanças
+que você tenha feito mas ainda não adicionou ao índice.) Você também
+pode obter um breve sumário da situação com 'git-status':
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git status
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	modified:   file1
+#	modified:   file2
+#	modified:   file3
+#
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Se você precisar fazer qualquer outro ajuste, faça-o agora, e, então,
+adicione qualquer conteúdo modificado ao índice. Finalmente, grave suas
+mudanças com:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git commit
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Ao executar esse comando, ele irá te pedir uma mensagem descrevendo a mudança,
+e, então, irá gravar a nova versão do projeto.
+
+Alternativamente, ao invés de executar 'git-add' antes, você pode usar
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git commit -a
+------------------------------------------------
+
+o que irá automaticamente notar quaisquer arquivos modificados (mas não
+novos), adicioná-los ao índices, e gravar, tudo em um único passo.
+
+Uma nota em mensagens de commit: Apesar de não ser exigido, é uma boa
+idéia começar a mensagem com uma simples e curta (menos de 50
+caracteres) linha sumarizando a mudança, seguida de uma linha em branco
+e, então, uma descrição mais detalhada. Ferramentas que transformam
+commits em email, por exemplo, usam a primeira linha no campo de
+cabeçalho "Subject:" e o resto no corpo.
+
+Git rastreia conteúdo, não arquivos
+----------------------------
+
+Muitos sistemas de controle de revisão provêem um comando `add` que diz
+ao sistema para começar a rastrear mudanças em um novo arquivo. O
+comando `add` do git faz algo mais simples e mais poderoso: 'git-add' é
+usado tanto para arquivos novos e arquivos recentemente modificados, e
+em ambos os casos, ele tira o instantâneo dos arquivos dados e armazena
+o conteúdo no índice, pronto para inclusão do próximo commit.
+
+Visualizando a história do projeto
+-----------------------
+
+Em qualquer ponto você pode visualizar a história das suas mudanças
+usando
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git log
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Se você também quiser ver a diferença completa a cada passo, use
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git log -p
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Geralmente, uma visão geral da mudança é útil para ter a sensação de
+cada passo
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git log --stat --summary
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Gerenciando "branches"/ramos
+-----------------
+
+Um simples repositório git pode manter múltiplos ramos de
+desenvolvimento. Para criar um novo ramo chamado "experimental", use
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch experimental
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Se você executar agora
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch
+------------------------------------------------
+
+você vai obter uma lista de todos os ramos existentes:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+  experimental
+* master
+------------------------------------------------
+
+O ramo "experimental" é o que você acaba de criar, e o ramo "master" é o
+ramo padrão que foi criado pra você automaticamente. O asterisco marca
+o ramo em que você está atualmente; digite
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git checkout experimental
+------------------------------------------------
+
+para mudar para o ramo experimental. Agora edite um arquivo, grave a
+mudança, e mude de volta para o ramo master:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+(edita arquivo)
+$ git commit -a
+$ git checkout master
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Verifique que a mudança que você fez não está mais visível, já que ela
+foi feita no ramo experimental e você está de volta ao ramo master.
+
+Você pode fazer uma mudança diferente no ramo master:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+(edit file)
+$ git commit -a
+------------------------------------------------
+
+neste ponto, os dois ramos divergiram, com diferentes mudanças feitas em
+cada um. Para unificar as mudanças feitas no experimental para o
+master, execute
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git merge experimental
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Se as mudanças não conflitarem, estará pronto. Se existirem conflitos,
+marcadores serão deixados nos arquivos problemáticos exibindo o
+conflito;
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git diff
+------------------------------------------------
+
+vai exibir isto. Após você editar os arquivos para resolver os
+conflitos,
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git commit -a
+------------------------------------------------
+
+irá gravar o resultado da unificação. Finalmente,
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk
+------------------------------------------------
+
+vai mostrar uma bela representação gráfica da história resultante.
+
+Neste ponto você pode remover seu ramo experimental com
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch -d experimental
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Este comando garante que as mudanças no ramo experimental já estão no
+ramo atual.
+
+Se você desenvolve em um ramo ideia-louca, e se arrepende, você pode
+sempre remover o ramo com
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git branch -D ideia-louca
+-------------------------------------
+
+Ramos são baratos e fáceis, então isto é uma boa maneira de experimentar
+alguma coisa.
+
+Usando git para colaboração
+---------------------------
+
+Suponha que Alice começou um novo projeto com um repositório git em
+/home/alice/project, e que Bob, que tem um diretório home na mesma
+máquina, quer contribuir.
+
+Bob começa com:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+bob$ git clone /home/alice/project myrepo
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Isso cria um novo diretório "myrepo" contendo um clone do repositório de
+Alice. O clone está no mesmo pé que o projeto original, possuindo sua
+própria cópia da história do projeto original.
+
+Bob então faz algumas mudanças e as grava:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+(editar arquivos)
+bob$ git commit -a
+(repetir conforme necessário)
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Quanto está pronto, ele diz a Alice para puxar as mudanças do
+repositório em /home/bob/myrepo. Ela o faz com:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+alice$ cd /home/alice/project
+alice$ git pull /home/bob/myrepo master
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Isto unifica as mudanças do ramo "master" do Bob ao ramo atual de Alice.
+Se Alice fez suas próprias mudanças no intervalo, ela, então, pode
+precisar corrigir manualmente quaisquer conflitos. (Note que o argumento
+"master" no comando acima é, de fato, desnecessário, já que é o padrão.)
+
+O comando "pull" executa, então, duas operações: ele obtém mudanças de
+um ramo remoto, e, então, as unifica no ramo atual.
+
+Note que, em geral, Alice gostaria que suas mudanças locais fossem
+gravadas antes de iniciar este "pull". Se o trabalho de Bob conflita
+com o que Alice fez desde que suas histórias se ramificaram, Alice irá
+usar seu diretório de trabalho e o índice para resolver conflitos, e
+mudanças locais existentes irão interferir com o processo de resolução
+de conflitos (git ainda irá realizar a obtenção mas irá se recusar a
+unificar --- Alice terá que se livrar de suas mudanças locais de alguma
+forma e puxar de novo quando isso acontecer).
+
+Alice pode espiar o que Bob fez sem unificar primeiro, usando o comando
+"fetch"; isto permite Alice inspecionar o que Bob fez, usando um símbolo
+especial "FETCH_HEAD", com o fim de determinar se ele tem alguma coisa
+que vale puxar, assim:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+alice$ git fetch /home/bob/myrepo master
+alice$ git log -p HEAD..FETCH_HEAD
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Esta operação é segura mesmo se Alice tem mudanças locais não gravadas.
+A notação de intervalo "HEAD..FETCH_HEAD" significa mostrar tudo que é
+alcançável de FETCH_HEAD mas exclua tudo o que é alcançável de HEAD.
+Alice já sabe tudo que leva a seu estado atual (HEAD), e revisa o que Bob
+tem em seu estado (FETCH_HEAD) que ela ainda não viu com esse comando.
+
+Se Alice quer visualizar o que Bob fez desde que suas histórias se
+ramificaram, ela pode disparar o seguinte comando:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk HEAD..FETCH_HEAD
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Isto usa a mesma notação de intervalo que vimos antes com 'git log'.
+
+Alice pode querer ver o que ambos fizeram desde que ramificaram. Ela
+pode usar a forma com três pontos ao invés da forma com dois pontos:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ gitk HEAD...FETCH_HEAD
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Isto significa "mostre tudo que é alcançável de qualquer um deles, mas
+exclua tudo que é alcançável a partir de ambos".
+
+Por favor, note que essas notações de intervalo podem ser usadas tanto
+com gitk quanto com "git log".
+
+Após inspecionar o que Bob fez, se não há nada urgente, Alice pode
+decidir continuar trabalhando sem puxar de Bob. Se a história de Bob
+tem alguma coisa que Alice precisa imediatamente, Alice pode optar por
+separar seu trabalho em progresso primeiro, fazer um "pull", e, então,
+finalmente, retomar seu trabalho em progresso em cima da história
+resultante.
+
+Quando você está trabalhando em um pequeno grupo unido, não é incomum
+interagir com o mesmo repositório várias e várias vezes. Definindo um
+repositório remoto antes de tudo, você pode fazê-lo mais facilmente:
+
+------------------------------------------------
+alice$ git remote add bob /home/bob/myrepo
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Com isso, Alice pode executar a primeira parte da operação "pull" usando
+o comando 'git-fetch' sem unificar suas mudanças com seu próprio ramo,
+usando:
+
+-------------------------------------
+alice$ git fetch bob
+-------------------------------------
+
+Diferente da forma longa, quando Alice obteve de Bob usando um
+repositório remoto antes definido com 'git-remote', o que foi obtido é
+armazenado em um ramo remoto, neste caso `bob/master`. Então, após isso:
+
+-------------------------------------
+alice$ git log -p master..bob/master
+-------------------------------------
+
+mostra uma lista de todas as mudanças que Bob fez desde que ramificou do
+ramo master de Alice.
+
+Após examinar essas mudanças, Alice pode unificá-las em seu ramo master:
+
+-------------------------------------
+alice$ git merge bob/master
+-------------------------------------
+
+Esse `merge` pode também ser feito puxando de seu próprio ramo remoto,
+assim:
+
+-------------------------------------
+alice$ git pull . remotes/bob/master
+-------------------------------------
+
+Note que 'git pull' sempre unifica ao ramo atual, independente do que
+mais foi passado na linha de comando.
+
+Depois, Bob pode atualizar seu repositório com as últimas mudanças de
+Alice, usando
+
+-------------------------------------
+bob$ git pull
+-------------------------------------
+
+Note que ele não precisa dar o caminho do repositório de Alice; quando
+Bob clonou seu repositório, o git armazenou a localização de seu
+repositório na configuração do mesmo, e essa localização é usada
+para puxar:
+
+-------------------------------------
+bob$ git config --get remote.origin.url
+/home/alice/project
+-------------------------------------
+
+(A configuração completa criada por 'git-clone' é visível usando `git
+config -l`, e a página de manual linkgit:git-config[1] explica o
+significado de cada opção.)
+
+Git também mantém uma cópia limpa do ramo master de Alice sob o nome
+"origin/master":
+
+-------------------------------------
+bob$ git branch -r
+  origin/master
+-------------------------------------
+
+Se Bob decidir depois em trabalhar em um host diferente, ele ainda pode
+executar clones e puxar usando o protocolo ssh:
+
+-------------------------------------
+bob$ git clone alice.org:/home/alice/project myrepo
+-------------------------------------
+
+Alternativamente, o git tem um protocolo nativo, ou pode usar rsync ou
+http; veja linkgit:git-pull[1] para detalhes.
+
+Git pode também ser usado em um modo parecido com CVS, com um
+repositório central para o qual vários usuários empurram modificações;
+veja linkgit:git-push[1] e linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
+
+Explorando história
+-----------------
+
+A história no git é representada como uma série de commits
+interrelacionados. Nós já vimos que o comando 'git-log' pode listar
+esses commits. Note que a primeira linha de cada entrada no log também
+dá o nome para o commit:
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git log
+commit c82a22c39cbc32576f64f5c6b3f24b99ea8149c7
+Author: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Date:   Tue May 16 17:18:22 2006 -0700
+
+    merge-base: Clarify the comments on post processing.
+-------------------------------------
+
+Nós podemos dar este nome ao 'git-show' para ver os detalhes sobre este
+commit.
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git show c82a22c39cbc32576f64f5c6b3f24b99ea8149c7
+-------------------------------------
+
+Mas há outras formas de se referir aos commits. Você pode usar qualquer
+parte inicial do nome que seja longo o bastante para identificar
+unicamente o commit:
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git show c82a22c39c	# os primeiros caracteres do nome são o bastante
+			# usualmente
+$ git show HEAD		# a ponta do ramo atual
+$ git show experimental	# a ponta do ramo "experimental"
+-------------------------------------
+
+Todo commit normalmente tem um commit "pai" que aponta para o estado
+anterior do projeto:
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git show HEAD^  # para ver o pai de HEAD
+$ git show HEAD^^ # para ver o avô de HEAD
+$ git show HEAD~4 # para ver o trisavô de HEAD
+-------------------------------------
+
+Note que commits de unificação podem ter mais de um pai:
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git show HEAD^1 # mostra o primeiro pai de HEAD (o mesmo que HEAD^)
+$ git show HEAD^2 # mostra o segundo pai de HEAD
+-------------------------------------
+
+Você também pode dar aos commits nomes à sua escolha; após executar
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git tag v2.5 1b2e1d63ff
+-------------------------------------
+
+você pode se referir a 1b2e1d63ff pelo nome "v2.5". Se você pretende
+compartilhar esse nome com outras pessoas (por exemplo, para identificar
+uma versão de lançamento), você deveria criar um objeto "tag", e talvez
+assiná-lo; veja linkgit:git-tag[1] para detalhes.
+
+Qualquer comando git que precise conhecer um commit pode receber
+quaisquer desses nomes. Por exemplo:
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git diff v2.5 HEAD	 # compara o HEAD atual com v2.5
+$ git branch stable v2.5 # inicia um novo ramo chamado "stable" baseado
+			 # em v2.5
+$ git reset --hard HEAD^ # reseta seu ramo atual e seu diretório de
+			 # trabalho a seu estado em HEAD^
+-------------------------------------
+
+Seja cuidadoso com o último comando: além de perder quaisquer mudanças
+em seu diretório de trabalho, ele também remove todos os commits
+posteriores desse ramo. Se esse ramo é o único ramo contendo esses
+commits, eles serão perdidos. Também, não use 'git-reset' num ramo
+publicamente visível de onde outros desenvolvedores puxam, já que vai
+forçar unificações desnecessárias para que outros desenvolvedores limpem
+a história. Se você precisa desfazer mudanças que você empurrou, use
+'git-revert' no lugar.
+
+O comando 'git-grep' pode buscar strings em qualquer versão de seu
+projeto, então
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git grep "hello" v2.5
+-------------------------------------
+
+procura por todas as ocorrências de "hello" em v2.5.
+
+Se você deixar de fora o nome do commit, 'git-grep' irá procurar
+quaisquer dos arquivos que ele gerencia no diretório corrente. Então
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git grep "hello"
+-------------------------------------
+
+é uma forma rápida de buscar somente os arquivos que são rastreados pelo
+git.
+
+Muitos comandos git também recebem um conjunto de commits, o que pode
+ser especificado de várias formas. Aqui estão alguns exemplos com 'git-log':
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git log v2.5..v2.6            # commits entre v2.5 e v2.6
+$ git log v2.5..                # commits desde v2.5
+$ git log --since="2 weeks ago" # commits das últimas 2 semanas
+$ git log v2.5.. Makefile       # commits desde v2.5 que modificam
+				# Makefile
+-------------------------------------
+
+Você também pode dar ao 'git-log' um "intervalo" de commits onde o
+primeiro não é necessariamente um ancestral do segundo; por exemplo, se
+as pontas dos ramos "stable" e "master" divergiram de um commit
+comum algum tempo atrás, então
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git log stable..master
+-------------------------------------
+
+irá listar os commits feitos no ramo "master" mas não no ramo
+"stable", enquanto
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git log master..stable
+-------------------------------------
+
+irá listar a lista de commits feitos no ramo "stable" mas não no ramo
+"master".
+
+O comando 'git-log' tem uma fraqueza: ele precisa mostrar os commits em
+uma lista. Quando a história tem linhas de desenvolvimento que
+divergiram e então foram unificadas novamente, a ordem em que 'git-log'
+apresenta essas mudanças é irrelevante.
+
+A maioria dos projetos com múltiplos contribuidores (como o kernel
+Linux, ou o próprio git) tem unificações frequentes, e 'gitk' faz um
+trabalho melhor de visualizar sua história. Por exemplo,
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ gitk --since="2 weeks ago" drivers/
+-------------------------------------
+
+permite a você navegar em quaisquer commits desde as últimas duas semanas
+de commits que modificaram arquivos sob o diretório "drivers". (Nota:
+você pode ajustar as fontes do gitk segurando a tecla control enquanto
+pressiona "-" ou "+".)
+
+Finalmente, a maioria dos comandos que recebem nomes de arquivo permitirão
+também, opcionalmente, preceder qualquer nome de arquivo por um
+commit, para especificar uma versão particular do arquivo:
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git diff v2.5:Makefile HEAD:Makefile.in
+-------------------------------------
+
+Você pode usar 'git-show' para ver tal arquivo:
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git show v2.5:Makefile
+-------------------------------------
+
+Próximos passos
+----------
+
+Este tutorial deve ser o bastante para operar controle de revisão
+distribuído básico para seus projetos. No entanto, para entender
+plenamente a profundidade e o poder do git você precisa entender duas
+idéias simples nas quais ele se baseia:
+
+  * A base de objetos é um sistema bem elegante usado para armazenar a
+    história de seu projeto--arquivos, diretórios, e commits.
+
+  * O arquivo de índice é um cache do estado de uma árvore de diretório,
+    usado para criar commits, restaurar diretórios de trabalho, e
+    armazenar as várias árvores envolvidas em uma unificação.
+
+A parte dois deste tutorial explica a base de objetos, o arquivo de
+índice, e algumas outras coisinhas que você vai precisar pra usar o
+máximo do git. Você pode encontrá-la em linkgit:gittutorial-2[7].
+
+Se você não quiser continuar com o tutorial agora nesse momento, algumas
+outras digressões que podem ser interessantes neste ponto são:
+
+  * linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-am[1]: Estes convertem
+    séries de commits em patches para email, e vice-versa, úteis para
+    projetos como o kernel Linux que dependem fortemente de patches
+    enviados por email.
+
+  * linkgit:git-bisect[1]: Quando há uma regressão em seu projeto, uma
+    forma de rastrear um bug é procurando pela história para encontrar o
+    commit culpado. Git bisect pode ajudar a executar uma busca binária
+    por esse commit. Ele é inteligente o bastante para executar uma
+    busca próxima da ótima mesmo no caso de uma história complexa
+    não-linear com muitos ramos unificados.
+
+  * link:everyday.html[GIT diariamente com 20 e tantos comandos]
+
+  * linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]: Git para usuários de CVS.
+
+VEJA TAMBÉM
+--------
+linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7],
+linkgit:git-help[1],
+link:everyday.html[git diariamente],
+link:user-manual.html[O Manual do Usuário git]
+
+GIT
+---
+Parte da suite linkgit:git[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
index ebdd948cd..0551ebdfa 100644
--- a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
@@ -4,17 +4,23 @@
 	(see the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below) or the name
 	of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
 
+ifndef::git-pull[]
+<group>::
+	A name referring to a list of repositories as the value
+	of remotes.<group> in the configuration file.
+	(See linkgit:git-config[1]).
+endif::git-pull[]
+
 <refspec>::
-	The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
-	`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `{plus}`, followed
-	by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
-	the destination ref.
+	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
+	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
 +
 The remote ref that matches <src>
 is fetched, and if <dst> is not empty string, the local
-ref that matches it is fast forwarded using <src>.
-Again, if the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
-is updated even if it does not result in a fast forward
+ref that matches it is fast-forwarded using <src>.
+If the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
+is updated even if it does not result in a fast-forward
 update.
 +
 [NOTE]
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index b9f6e4d1b..1f57aed33 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
 
 	Synonym for `--date=relative`.
 
---date={relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}::
+--date={relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short,raw}::
 
 	Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
 	as when using "--pretty". `log.date` config variable sets a default
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ format, often found in E-mail messages.
 +
 `--date=short` shows only date but not time, in `YYYY-MM-DD` format.
 +
+`--date=raw` shows the date in the internal raw git format `%s %z` format.
++
 `--date=default` shows timestamps in the original timezone
 (either committer's or author's).
 
@@ -138,38 +140,38 @@ limiting may be applied.
 --
 
 -n 'number'::
---max-count='number'::
+--max-count=<number>::
 
 	Limit the number of commits output.
 
---skip='number'::
+--skip=<number>::
 
 	Skip 'number' commits before starting to show the commit output.
 
---since='date'::
---after='date'::
+--since=<date>::
+--after=<date>::
 
 	Show commits more recent than a specific date.
 
---until='date'::
---before='date'::
+--until=<date>::
+--before=<date>::
 
 	Show commits older than a specific date.
 
 ifdef::git-rev-list[]
---max-age='timestamp'::
---min-age='timestamp'::
+--max-age=<timestamp>::
+--min-age=<timestamp>::
 
 	Limit the commits output to specified time range.
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
---author='pattern'::
---committer='pattern'::
+--author=<pattern>::
+--committer=<pattern>::
 
 	Limit the commits output to ones with author/committer
 	header lines that match the specified pattern (regular expression).
 
---grep='pattern'::
+--grep=<pattern>::
 
 	Limit the commits output to ones with log message that
 	matches the specified pattern (regular expression).
@@ -199,6 +201,10 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 	Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.
 
+--merges::
+
+	Print only merge commits.
+
 --no-merges::
 
 	Do not print commits with more than one parent.
@@ -237,12 +243,23 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
 	Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes` are listed
 	on the command line as '<commit>'.
 
-ifdef::git-rev-list[]
+ifndef::git-rev-list[]
+--bisect::
+
+	Pretend as if the bad bisection ref `$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/bad`
+	was listed and as if it was followed by `--not` and the good
+	bisection refs `$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/good-*` on the command
+	line.
+endif::git-rev-list[]
+
 --stdin::
 
 	In addition to the '<commit>' listed on the command
-	line, read them from the standard input.
+	line, read them from the standard input. If a '--' separator is
+	seen, stop reading commits and start reading paths to limit the
+	result.
 
+ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 --quiet::
 
 	Don't print anything to standard output.  This form
@@ -530,7 +547,11 @@ Bisection Helpers
 --bisect::
 
 Limit output to the one commit object which is roughly halfway between
-the included and excluded commits. Thus, if
+included and excluded commits. Note that the bad bisection ref
+`$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/bad` is added to the included commits (if it
+exists) and the good bisection refs `$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/good-*` are
+added to the excluded commits (if they exist). Thus, supposing there
+are no refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/`, if
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 	$ git rev-list --bisect foo ^bar ^baz
@@ -550,27 +571,29 @@ one.
 
 --bisect-vars::
 
-This calculates the same as `--bisect`, but outputs text ready
-to be eval'ed by the shell. These lines will assign the name of
-the midpoint revision to the variable `bisect_rev`, and the
-expected number of commits to be tested after `bisect_rev` is
-tested to `bisect_nr`, the expected number of commits to be
-tested if `bisect_rev` turns out to be good to `bisect_good`,
-the expected number of commits to be tested if `bisect_rev`
-turns out to be bad to `bisect_bad`, and the number of commits
-we are bisecting right now to `bisect_all`.
+This calculates the same as `--bisect`, except that refs in
+`$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/` are not used, and except that this outputs
+text ready to be eval'ed by the shell. These lines will assign the
+name of the midpoint revision to the variable `bisect_rev`, and the
+expected number of commits to be tested after `bisect_rev` is tested
+to `bisect_nr`, the expected number of commits to be tested if
+`bisect_rev` turns out to be good to `bisect_good`, the expected
+number of commits to be tested if `bisect_rev` turns out to be bad to
+`bisect_bad`, and the number of commits we are bisecting right now to
+`bisect_all`.
 
 --bisect-all::
 
 This outputs all the commit objects between the included and excluded
 commits, ordered by their distance to the included and excluded
-commits. The farthest from them is displayed first. (This is the only
-one displayed by `--bisect`.)
-
+commits. Refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/bisect/` are not used. The farthest
+from them is displayed first. (This is the only one displayed by
+`--bisect`.)
++
 This is useful because it makes it easy to choose a good commit to
 test when you want to avoid to test some of them for some reason (they
 may not compile for example).
-
++
 This option can be used along with `--bisect-vars`, in this case,
 after all the sorted commit objects, there will be the same text as if
 `--bisect-vars` had been used alone.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
index 7ede1e64e..5cb2b0590 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-builtin.txt
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ where options is the bitwise-or of:
 
 	Make sure there is a work tree, i.e. the command cannot act
 	on bare repositories.
-	This makes only sense when `RUN_SETUP` is also set.
+	This only makes sense when `RUN_SETUP` is also set.
 
 . Add `builtin-foo.o` to `BUILTIN_OBJS` in `Makefile`.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-hash.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-hash.txt
index c784d3edc..e5061e067 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-hash.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-hash.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,52 @@
 hash API
 ========
 
-Talk about <hash.h>
+The hash API is a collection of simple hash table functions. Users are expected
+to implement their own hashing.
 
-(Linus)
+Data Structures
+---------------
+
+`struct hash_table`::
+
+	The hash table structure. The `array` member points to the hash table
+	entries. The `size` member counts the total number of valid and invalid
+	entries in the table. The `nr` member keeps track of the number of
+	valid entries.
+
+`struct hash_table_entry`::
+
+	An opaque structure representing an entry in the hash table. The `hash`
+	member is the entry's hash key and the `ptr` member is the entry's
+	value.
+
+Functions
+---------
+
+`init_hash`::
+
+	Initialize the hash table.
+
+`free_hash`::
+
+	Release memory associated with the hash table.
+
+`insert_hash`::
+
+	Insert a pointer into the hash table. If an entry with that hash
+	already exists, a pointer to the existing entry's value is returned.
+	Otherwise NULL is returned.  This allows callers to implement
+	chaining, etc.
+
+`lookup_hash`::
+
+	Lookup an entry in the hash table. If an entry with that hash exists
+	the entry's value is returned. Otherwise NULL is returned.
+
+`for_each_hash`::
+
+	Call a function for each entry in the hash table. The function is
+	expected to take the entry's value as its only argument and return an
+	int. If the function returns a negative int the loop is aborted
+	immediately.  Otherwise, the return value is accumulated and the sum
+	returned upon completion of the loop.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
index e9559790a..d6fc90ac7 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
@@ -11,9 +11,6 @@ Core functions:
 
 * `graph_init()` creates a new `struct git_graph`
 
-* `graph_release()` destroys a `struct git_graph`, and frees the memory
-  associated with it.
-
 * `graph_update()` moves the graph to a new commit.
 
 * `graph_next_line()` outputs the next line of the graph into a strbuf.  It
@@ -134,8 +131,6 @@ while ((commit = get_revision(opts)) != NULL) {
 			putchar(opts->diffopt.line_termination);
 	}
 }
-
-graph_release(graph);
 ------------
 
 Sample output
@@ -148,22 +143,22 @@ outputting that information, if desired.
 ------------
 *
 *
-M
+*
 |\
 * |
 | | *
 | \ \
 |  \ \
-M-. \ \
+*-. \ \
 |\ \ \ \
 | | * | |
 | | | | | *
 | | | | | *
-| | | | | M
+| | | | | *
 | | | | | |\
 | | | | | | *
 | * | | | | |
-| | | | | M  \
+| | | | | *  \
 | | | | | |\  |
 | | | | * | | |
 | | | | * | | |
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
index 539863b1f..50f9e9ac1 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -60,12 +60,18 @@ Steps to parse options
 . in `cmd_foo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)`
   call
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_foo_options, builtin_foo_usage, flags);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_foo_options, builtin_foo_usage, flags);
 +
 `parse_options()` will filter out the processed options of `argv[]` and leave the
 non-option arguments in `argv[]`.
 `argc` is updated appropriately because of the assignment.
 +
+You can also pass NULL instead of a usage array as the fifth parameter of
+parse_options(), to avoid displaying a help screen with usage info and
+option list.  This should only be done if necessary, e.g. to implement
+a limited parser for only a subset of the options that needs to be run
+before the full parser, which in turn shows the full help message.
++
 Flags are the bitwise-or of:
 
 `PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH`::
@@ -77,6 +83,28 @@ Flags are the bitwise-or of:
 	Using this flag, processing is stopped at the first non-option
 	argument.
 
+`PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0`::
+	Keep the first argument, which contains the program name.  It's
+	removed from argv[] by default.
+
+`PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN`::
+	Keep unknown arguments instead of erroring out.  This doesn't
+	work for all combinations of arguments as users might expect
+	it to do.  E.g. if the first argument in `--unknown --known`
+	takes a value (which we can't know), the second one is
+	mistakenly interpreted as a known option.  Similarly, if
+	`PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION` is set, the second argument in
+	`--unknown value` will be mistakenly interpreted as a
+	non-option, not as a value belonging to the unknown option,
+	the parser early.  That's why parse_options() errors out if
+	both options are set.
+
+`PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP`::
+	By default, parse_options() handles `-h`, `--help` and
+	`--help-all` internally, by showing a help screen.  This option
+	turns it off and allows one to add custom handlers for these
+	options, or to just leave them unknown.
+
 Data Structure
 --------------
 
@@ -109,6 +137,10 @@ There are some macros to easily define options:
 	Introduce a boolean option.
 	If used, `int_var` is bitwise-ored with `mask`.
 
+`OPT_NEGBIT(short, long, &int_var, description, mask)`::
+	Introduce a boolean option.
+	If used, `int_var` is bitwise-anded with the inverted `mask`.
+
 `OPT_SET_INT(short, long, &int_var, description, integer)`::
 	Introduce a boolean option.
 	If used, set `int_var` to `integer`.
@@ -135,9 +167,22 @@ There are some macros to easily define options:
 	and the result will be put into `var`.
 	See 'Option Callbacks' below for a more elaborate description.
 
+`OPT_FILENAME(short, long, &var, description)`::
+	Introduce an option with a filename argument.
+	The filename will be prefixed by passing the filename along with
+	the prefix argument of `parse_options()` to `prefix_filename()`.
+
 `OPT_ARGUMENT(long, description)`::
 	Introduce a long-option argument that will be kept in `argv[]`.
 
+`OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&var, description, func_ptr)`::
+	Recognize numerical options like -123 and feed the integer as
+	if it was an argument to the function given by `func_ptr`.
+	The result will be put into `var`.  There can be only one such
+	option definition.  It cannot be negated and it takes no
+	arguments.  Short options that happen to be digits take
+	precedence over it.
+
 
 The last element of the array must be `OPT_END()`.
 
@@ -170,7 +215,7 @@ The function must be defined in this form:
 
 The callback mechanism is as follows:
 
-* Inside `funct`, the only interesting member of the structure
+* Inside `func`, the only interesting member of the structure
   given by `opt` is the void pointer `opt->value`.
   `\*opt->value` will be the value that is saved into `var`, if you
   use `OPT_CALLBACK()`.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
index 073b22bd8..c54b17db6 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ struct remote
 
 	An array of all of the url_nr URLs configured for the remote
 
+`pushurl`::
+
+	An array of all of the pushurl_nr push URLs configured for the remote
+
 `push`::
 
 	 An array of refspecs configured for pushing, with
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
index 82e9e831b..b26c28133 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
@@ -35,12 +35,32 @@ Functions
 	Convenience functions that encapsulate a sequence of
 	start_command() followed by finish_command(). The argument argv
 	specifies the program and its arguments. The argument opt is zero
-	or more of the flags `RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN`, `RUN_GIT_CMD`, or
-	`RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR` that correspond to the members
-	.no_stdin, .git_cmd, .stdout_to_stderr of `struct child_process`.
+	or more of the flags `RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN`, `RUN_GIT_CMD`,
+	`RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR`, or `RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE`
+	that correspond to the members .no_stdin, .git_cmd,
+	.stdout_to_stderr, .silent_exec_failure of `struct child_process`.
 	The argument dir corresponds the member .dir. The argument env
 	corresponds to the member .env.
 
+The functions above do the following:
+
+. If a system call failed, errno is set and -1 is returned. A diagnostic
+  is printed.
+
+. If the program was not found, then -1 is returned and errno is set to
+  ENOENT; a diagnostic is printed only if .silent_exec_failure is 0.
+
+. Otherwise, the program is run. If it terminates regularly, its exit
+  code is returned. No diagnistic is printed, even if the exit code is
+  non-zero.
+
+. If the program terminated due to a signal, then the return value is the
+  signal number - 128, ie. it is negative and so indicates an unusual
+  condition; a diagnostic is printed. This return value can be passed to
+  exit(2), which will report the same code to the parent process that a
+  POSIX shell's $? would report for a program that died from the signal.
+
+
 `start_async`::
 
 	Run a function asynchronously. Takes a pointer to a `struct
@@ -52,6 +72,21 @@ Functions
 	Wait for the completion of an asynchronous function that was
 	started with start_async().
 
+`run_hook`::
+
+	Run a hook.
+	The first argument is a pathname to an index file, or NULL
+	if the hook uses the default index file or no index is needed.
+	The second argument is the name of the hook.
+	The further arguments correspond to the hook arguments.
+	The last argument has to be NULL to terminate the arguments list.
+	If the hook does not exist or is not executable, the return
+	value will be zero.
+	If it is executable, the hook will be executed and the exit
+	status of the hook is returned.
+	On execution, .stdout_to_stderr and .no_stdin will be set.
+	(See below.)
+
 
 Data structures
 ---------------
@@ -128,6 +163,11 @@ string pointers (NULL terminated) in .env:
 To specify a new initial working directory for the sub-process,
 specify it in the .dir member.
 
+If the program cannot be found, the functions return -1 and set
+errno to ENOENT. Normally, an error message is printed, but if
+.silent_exec_failure is set to 1, no message is printed for this
+special error condition.
+
 
 * `struct async`
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
index a8ee2fe6a..a0e0f850f 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ strbuf API actually relies on the string being free of NULs.
 
 strbufs has some invariants that are very important to keep in mind:
 
-. The `buf` member is never NULL, so you it can be used in any usual C
+. The `buf` member is never NULL, so it can be used in any usual C
 string operations safely. strbuf's _have_ to be initialized either by
 `strbuf_init()` or by `= STRBUF_INIT` before the invariants, though.
 +
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ allocated memory or not), use `strbuf_detach()` to unwrap a memory
 buffer from its strbuf shell in a safe way. That is the sole supported
 way. This will give you a malloced buffer that you can later `free()`.
 +
-However, it it totally safe to modify anything in the string pointed by
+However, it is totally safe to modify anything in the string pointed by
 the `buf` member, between the indices `0` and `len-1` (inclusive).
 
 . The `buf` member is a byte array that has at least `len + 1` bytes
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Data structures
 
 * `struct strbuf`
 
-This is string buffer structure. The `len` member can be used to
+This is the string buffer structure. The `len` member can be used to
 determine the current length of the string, and `buf` member provides access to
 the string itself.
 
@@ -133,8 +133,10 @@ Functions
 
 * Adding data to the buffer
 
-NOTE: All of these functions in this section will grow the buffer as
-      necessary.
+NOTE: All of the functions in this section will grow the buffer as necessary.
+If they fail for some reason other than memory shortage and the buffer hadn't
+been allocated before (i.e. the `struct strbuf` was set to `STRBUF_INIT`),
+then they will free() it.
 
 `strbuf_addch`::
 
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ which can be used by the programmer of the callback as she sees fit.
 
 	Read a given size of data from a FILE* pointer to the buffer.
 +
-NOTE: The buffer is rewinded if the read fails. If -1 is returned,
+NOTE: The buffer is rewound if the read fails. If -1 is returned,
 `errno` must be consulted, like you would do for `read(3)`.
 `strbuf_read()`, `strbuf_read_file()` and `strbuf_getline()` has the
 same behaviour as well.
@@ -235,6 +237,11 @@ same behaviour as well.
 	Read the contents of a file, specified by its path. The third argument
 	can be used to give a hint about the file size, to avoid reallocs.
 
+`strbuf_readlink`::
+
+	Read the target of a symbolic link, specified by its path.  The third
+	argument can be used to give a hint about the size, to avoid reallocs.
+
 `strbuf_getline`::
 
 	Read a line from a FILE* pointer. The second argument specifies the line
@@ -246,3 +253,9 @@ same behaviour as well.
 	comments are considered contents to be removed or not.
 
 `launch_editor`::
+
+	Launch the user preferred editor to edit a file and fill the buffer
+	with the file's contents upon the user completing their editing. The
+	third argument can be used to set the environment which the editor is
+	run in. If the buffer is NULL the editor is launched as usual but the
+	file's contents are not read into the buffer upon completion.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
index e3ddf9128..55b728632 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-tree-walking.txt
@@ -1,12 +1,145 @@
 tree walking API
 ================
 
-Talk about <tree-walk.h>, things like
+The tree walking API is used to traverse and inspect trees.
 
-* struct tree_desc
-* init_tree_desc
-* tree_entry_extract
-* update_tree_entry
-* get_tree_entry
+Data Structures
+---------------
 
-(JC, Linus)
+`struct name_entry`::
+
+	An entry in a tree. Each entry has a sha1 identifier, pathname, and
+	mode.
+
+`struct tree_desc`::
+
+	A semi-opaque data structure used to maintain the current state of the
+	walk.
++
+* `buffer` is a pointer into the memory representation of the tree. It always
+points at the current entry being visited.
+
+* `size` counts the number of bytes left in the `buffer`.
+
+* `entry` points to the current entry being visited.
+
+`struct traverse_info`::
+
+	A structure used to maintain the state of a traversal.
++
+* `prev` points to the traverse_info which was used to descend into the
+current tree. If this is the top-level tree `prev` will point to
+a dummy traverse_info.
+
+* `name` is the entry for the current tree (if the tree is a subtree).
+
+* `pathlen` is the length of the full path for the current tree.
+
+* `conflicts` can be used by callbacks to maintain directory-file conflicts.
+
+* `fn` is a callback called for each entry in the tree. See Traversing for more
+information.
+
+* `data` can be anything the `fn` callback would want to use.
+
+Initializing
+------------
+
+`init_tree_desc`::
+
+	Initialize a `tree_desc` and decode its first entry. The buffer and
+	size parameters are assumed to be the same as the buffer and size
+	members of `struct tree`.
+
+`fill_tree_descriptor`::
+
+	Initialize a `tree_desc` and decode its first entry given the sha1 of
+	a tree. Returns the `buffer` member if the sha1 is a valid tree
+	identifier and NULL otherwise.
+
+`setup_traverse_info`::
+
+	Initialize a `traverse_info` given the pathname of the tree to start
+	traversing from. The `base` argument is assumed to be the `path`
+	member of the `name_entry` being recursed into unless the tree is a
+	top-level tree in which case the empty string ("") is used.
+
+Walking
+-------
+
+`tree_entry`::
+
+	Visit the next entry in a tree. Returns 1 when there are more entries
+	left to visit and 0 when all entries have been visited. This is
+	commonly used in the test of a while loop.
+
+`tree_entry_len`::
+
+	Calculate the length of a tree entry's pathname. This utilizes the
+	memory structure of a tree entry to avoid the overhead of using a
+	generic strlen().
+
+`update_tree_entry`::
+
+	Walk to the next entry in a tree. This is commonly used in conjunction
+	with `tree_entry_extract` to inspect the current entry.
+
+`tree_entry_extract`::
+
+	Decode the entry currently being visited (the one pointed to by
+	`tree_desc's` `entry` member) and return the sha1 of the entry. The
+	`pathp` and `modep` arguments are set to the entry's pathname and mode
+	respectively.
+
+`get_tree_entry`::
+
+	Find an entry in a tree given a pathname and the sha1 of a tree to
+	search. Returns 0 if the entry is found and -1 otherwise. The third
+	and fourth parameters are set to the entry's sha1 and mode
+	respectively.
+
+Traversing
+----------
+
+`traverse_trees`::
+
+	Traverse `n` number of trees in parallel. The `fn` callback member of
+	`traverse_info` is called once for each tree entry.
+
+`traverse_callback_t`::
+	The arguments passed to the traverse callback are as follows:
++
+* `n` counts the number of trees being traversed.
+
+* `mask` has its nth bit set if something exists in the nth entry.
+
+* `dirmask` has its nth bit set if the nth tree's entry is a directory.
+
+* `entry` is an array of size `n` where the nth entry is from the nth tree.
+
+* `info` maintains the state of the traversal.
+
++
+Returning a negative value will terminate the traversal. Otherwise the
+return value is treated as an update mask. If the nth bit is set the nth tree
+will be updated and if the bit is not set the nth tree entry will be the
+same in the next callback invocation.
+
+`make_traverse_path`::
+
+	Generate the full pathname of a tree entry based from the root of the
+	traversal. For example, if the traversal has recursed into another
+	tree named "bar" the pathname of an entry "baz" in the "bar"
+	tree would be "bar/baz".
+
+`traverse_path_len`::
+
+	Calculate the length of a pathname returned by `make_traverse_path`.
+	This utilizes the memory structure of a tree entry to avoid the
+	overhead of using a generic strlen().
+
+Authors
+-------
+
+Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Linus Torvalds
+<torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
index 9cd48b485..7950eeeda 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
@@ -1,41 +1,494 @@
-Pack transfer protocols
-=======================
-
-There are two Pack push-pull protocols.
-
-upload-pack (S) | fetch/clone-pack (C) protocol:
-
-	# Tell the puller what commits we have and what their names are
-	S: SHA1 name
-	S: ...
-	S: SHA1 name
-	S: # flush -- it's your turn
-	# Tell the pusher what commits we want, and what we have
-	C: want name
-	C: ..
-	C: want name
-	C: have SHA1
-	C: have SHA1
-	C: ...
-	C: # flush -- occasionally ask "had enough?"
-	S: NAK
-	C: have SHA1
-	C: ...
-	C: have SHA1
-	S: ACK
-	C: done
-	S: XXXXXXX -- packfile contents.
-
-send-pack | receive-pack protocol.
-
-	# Tell the pusher what commits we have and what their names are
-	C: SHA1 name
-	C: ...
-	C: SHA1 name
-	C: # flush -- it's your turn
-	# Tell the puller what the pusher has
-	S: old-SHA1 new-SHA1 name
-	S: old-SHA1 new-SHA1 name
-	S: ...
-	S: # flush -- done with the list
-	S: XXXXXXX --- packfile contents.
+Packfile transfer protocols
+===========================
+
+Git supports transferring data in packfiles over the ssh://, git:// and
+file:// transports.  There exist two sets of protocols, one for pushing
+data from a client to a server and another for fetching data from a
+server to a client.  All three transports (ssh, git, file) use the same
+protocol to transfer data.
+
+The processes invoked in the canonical Git implementation are 'upload-pack'
+on the server side and 'fetch-pack' on the client side for fetching data;
+then 'receive-pack' on the server and 'send-pack' on the client for pushing
+data.  The protocol functions to have a server tell a client what is
+currently on the server, then for the two to negotiate the smallest amount
+of data to send in order to fully update one or the other.
+
+Transports
+----------
+There are three transports over which the packfile protocol is
+initiated.  The Git transport is a simple, unauthenticated server that
+takes the command (almost always 'upload-pack', though Git
+servers can be configured to be globally writable, in which 'receive-
+pack' initiation is also allowed) with which the client wishes to
+communicate and executes it and connects it to the requesting
+process.
+
+In the SSH transport, the client just runs the 'upload-pack'
+or 'receive-pack' process on the server over the SSH protocol and then
+communicates with that invoked process over the SSH connection.
+
+The file:// transport runs the 'upload-pack' or 'receive-pack'
+process locally and communicates with it over a pipe.
+
+Git Transport
+-------------
+
+The Git transport starts off by sending the command and repository
+on the wire using the pkt-line format, followed by a NUL byte and a
+hostname paramater, terminated by a NUL byte.
+
+   0032git-upload-pack /project.git\0host=myserver.com\0
+
+--
+   git-proto-request = request-command SP pathname NUL [ host-parameter NUL ]
+   request-command   = "git-upload-pack" / "git-receive-pack" /
+		       "git-upload-archive"   ; case sensitive
+   pathname          = *( %x01-ff ) ; exclude NUL
+   host-parameter    = "host=" hostname [ ":" port ]
+--
+
+Only host-parameter is allowed in the git-proto-request. Clients
+MUST NOT attempt to send additional parameters. It is used for the
+git-daemon name based virtual hosting.  See --interpolated-path
+option to git daemon, with the %H/%CH format characters.
+
+Basically what the Git client is doing to connect to an 'upload-pack'
+process on the server side over the Git protocol is this:
+
+   $ echo -e -n \
+     "0039git-upload-pack /schacon/gitbook.git\0host=example.com\0" |
+     nc -v example.com 9418
+
+
+SSH Transport
+-------------
+
+Initiating the upload-pack or receive-pack processes over SSH is
+executing the binary on the server via SSH remote execution.
+It is basically equivalent to running this:
+
+   $ ssh git.example.com "git-upload-pack '/project.git'"
+
+For a server to support Git pushing and pulling for a given user over
+SSH, that user needs to be able to execute one or both of those
+commands via the SSH shell that they are provided on login.  On some
+systems, that shell access is limited to only being able to run those
+two commands, or even just one of them.
+
+In an ssh:// format URI, it's absolute in the URI, so the '/' after
+the host name (or port number) is sent as an argument, which is then
+read by the remote git-upload-pack exactly as is, so it's effectively
+an absolute path in the remote filesystem.
+
+       git clone ssh://user@example.com/project.git
+		    |
+		    v
+    ssh user@example.com "git-upload-pack '/project.git'"
+
+In a "user@host:path" format URI, its relative to the user's home
+directory, because the Git client will run:
+
+     git clone user@example.com:project.git
+		    |
+		    v
+  ssh user@example.com "git-upload-pack 'project.git'"
+
+The exception is if a '~' is used, in which case
+we execute it without the leading '/'.
+
+      ssh://user@example.com/~alice/project.git,
+		     |
+		     v
+   ssh user@example.com "git-upload-pack '~alice/project.git'"
+
+A few things to remember here:
+
+- The "command name" is spelled with dash (e.g. git-upload-pack), but
+  this can be overridden by the client;
+
+- The repository path is always quoted with single quotes.
+
+Fetching Data From a Server
+===========================
+
+When one Git repository wants to get data that a second repository
+has, the first can 'fetch' from the second.  This operation determines
+what data the server has that the client does not then streams that
+data down to the client in packfile format.
+
+
+Reference Discovery
+-------------------
+
+When the client initially connects the server will immediately respond
+with a listing of each reference it has (all branches and tags) along
+with the object name that each reference currently points to.
+
+   $ echo -e -n "0039git-upload-pack /schacon/gitbook.git\0host=example.com\0" |
+      nc -v example.com 9418
+   00887217a7c7e582c46cec22a130adf4b9d7d950fba0 HEAD\0multi_ack thin-pack side-band side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress include-tag
+   00441d3fcd5ced445d1abc402225c0b8a1299641f497 refs/heads/integration
+   003f7217a7c7e582c46cec22a130adf4b9d7d950fba0 refs/heads/master
+   003cb88d2441cac0977faf98efc80305012112238d9d refs/tags/v0.9
+   003c525128480b96c89e6418b1e40909bf6c5b2d580f refs/tags/v1.0
+   003fe92df48743b7bc7d26bcaabfddde0a1e20cae47c refs/tags/v1.0^{}
+   0000
+
+Server SHOULD terminate each non-flush line using LF ("\n") terminator;
+client MUST NOT complain if there is no terminator.
+
+The returned response is a pkt-line stream describing each ref and
+its current value.  The stream MUST be sorted by name according to
+the C locale ordering.
+
+If HEAD is a valid ref, HEAD MUST appear as the first advertised
+ref.  If HEAD is not a valid ref, HEAD MUST NOT appear in the
+advertisement list at all, but other refs may still appear.
+
+The stream MUST include capability declarations behind a NUL on the
+first ref. The peeled value of a ref (that is "ref^{}") MUST be
+immediately after the ref itself, if presented. A conforming server
+MUST peel the ref if its an annotated tag.
+
+----
+  advertised-refs  =  (no-refs / list-of-refs)
+		      flush-pkt
+
+  no-refs          =  PKT-LINE(zero-id SP "capabilities^{}"
+		      NUL capability-list LF)
+
+  list-of-refs     =  first-ref *other-ref
+  first-ref        =  PKT-LINE(obj-id SP refname
+		      NUL capability-list LF)
+
+  other-ref        =  PKT-LINE(other-tip / other-peeled)
+  other-tip        =  obj-id SP refname LF
+  other-peeled     =  obj-id SP refname "^{}" LF
+
+  capability-list  =  capability *(SP capability)
+  capability       =  1*(LC_ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "_")
+  LC_ALPHA         =  %x61-7A
+----
+
+Server and client MUST use lowercase for obj-id, both MUST treat obj-id
+as case-insensitive.
+
+See protocol-capabilities.txt for a list of allowed server capabilities
+and descriptions.
+
+Packfile Negotiation
+--------------------
+After reference and capabilities discovery, the client can decide
+to terminate the connection by sending a flush-pkt, telling the
+server it can now gracefully terminate (as happens with the ls-remote
+command) or it can enter the negotiation phase, where the client and
+server determine what the minimal packfile necessary for transport is.
+
+Once the client has the initial list of references that the server
+has, as well as the list of capabilities, it will begin telling the
+server what objects it wants and what objects it has, so the server
+can make a packfile that only contains the objects that the client needs.
+The client will also send a list of the capabilities it wants to be in
+effect, out of what the server said it could do with the first 'want' line.
+
+----
+  upload-request    =  want-list
+		       have-list
+		       compute-end
+
+  want-list         =  first-want
+		       *additional-want
+		       flush-pkt
+
+  first-want        =  PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id SP capability-list LF)
+  additional-want   =  PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id LF)
+
+  have-list         =  *have-line
+  have-line         =  PKT-LINE("have" SP obj-id LF)
+  compute-end       =  flush-pkt / PKT-LINE("done")
+----
+
+Clients MUST send all the obj-ids it wants from the reference
+discovery phase as 'want' lines. Clients MUST send at least one
+'want' command in the request body. Clients MUST NOT mention an
+obj-id in a 'want' command which did not appear in the response
+obtained through ref discovery.
+
+If client is requesting a shallow clone, it will now send a 'deepen'
+line with the depth it is requesting.
+
+Once all the "want"s (and optional 'deepen') are transferred,
+clients MUST send a flush-pkt. If the client has all the references
+on the server, client flushes and disconnects.
+
+TODO: shallow/unshallow response and document the deepen command in the ABNF.
+
+Now the client will send a list of the obj-ids it has using 'have'
+lines.  In multi_ack mode, the canonical implementation will send up
+to 32 of these at a time, then will send a flush-pkt.  The canonical
+implementation will skip ahead and send the next 32 immediately,
+so that there is always a block of 32 "in-flight on the wire" at a
+time.
+
+If the server reads 'have' lines, it then will respond by ACKing any
+of the obj-ids the client said it had that the server also has. The
+server will ACK obj-ids differently depending on which ack mode is
+chosen by the client.
+
+In multi_ack mode:
+
+  * the server will respond with 'ACK obj-id continue' for any common
+    commits.
+
+  * once the server has found an acceptable common base commit and is
+    ready to make a packfile, it will blindly ACK all 'have' obj-ids
+    back to the client.
+
+  * the server will then send a 'NACK' and then wait for another response
+    from the client - either a 'done' or another list of 'have' lines.
+
+In multi_ack_detailed mode:
+
+  * the server will differentiate the ACKs where it is signaling
+    that it is ready to send data with 'ACK obj-id ready' lines, and
+    signals the identified common commits with 'ACK obj-id common' lines.
+
+Without either multi_ack or multi_ack_detailed:
+
+ * upload-pack sends "ACK obj-id" on the first common object it finds.
+   After that it says nothing until the client gives it a "done".
+
+ * upload-pack sends "NAK" on a flush-pkt if no common object
+   has been found yet.  If one has been found, and thus an ACK
+   was already sent, its silent on the flush-pkt.
+
+After the client has gotten enough ACK responses that it can determine
+that the server has enough information to send an efficient packfile
+(in the canonical implementation, this is determined when it has received
+enough ACKs that it can color everything left in the --date-order queue
+as common with the server, or the --date-order queue is empty), or the
+client determines that it wants to give up (in the canonical implementation,
+this is determined when the client sends 256 'have' lines without getting
+any of them ACKed by the server - meaning there is nothing in common and
+the server should just send all it's objects), then the client will send
+a 'done' command.  The 'done' command signals to the server that the client
+is ready to receive it's packfile data.
+
+However, the 256 limit *only* turns on in the canonical client
+implementation if we have received at least one "ACK %s continue"
+during a prior round.  This helps to ensure that at least one common
+ancestor is found before we give up entirely.
+
+Once the 'done' line is read from the client, the server will either
+send a final 'ACK obj-id' or it will send a 'NAK'. The server only sends
+ACK after 'done' if there is at least one common base and multi_ack or
+multi_ack_detailed is enabled. The server always sends NAK after 'done'
+if there is no common base found.
+
+Then the server will start sending it's packfile data.
+
+----
+  server-response = *ack_multi ack / nak
+  ack_multi       = PKT-LINE("ACK" SP obj-id ack_status LF)
+  ack_status      = "continue" / "common" / "ready"
+  ack             = PKT-LINE("ACK SP obj-id LF)
+  nak             = PKT-LINE("NAK" LF)
+----
+
+A simple clone may look like this (with no 'have' lines):
+
+----
+   C: 0054want 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d\0multi_ack \
+     side-band-64k ofs-delta\n
+   C: 0032want 7d1665144a3a975c05f1f43902ddaf084e784dbe\n
+   C: 0032want 5a3f6be755bbb7deae50065988cbfa1ffa9ab68a\n
+   C: 0032want 7e47fe2bd8d01d481f44d7af0531bd93d3b21c01\n
+   C: 0032want 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d\n
+   C: 0000
+   C: 0009done\n
+
+   S: 0008NAK\n
+   S: [PACKFILE]
+----
+
+An incremental update (fetch) response might look like this:
+
+----
+   C: 0054want 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d\0multi_ack \
+     side-band-64k ofs-delta\n
+   C: 0032want 7d1665144a3a975c05f1f43902ddaf084e784dbe\n
+   C: 0032want 5a3f6be755bbb7deae50065988cbfa1ffa9ab68a\n
+   C: 0000
+   C: 0032have 7e47fe2bd8d01d481f44d7af0531bd93d3b21c01\n
+   C: [30 more have lines]
+   C: 0032have 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d\n
+   C: 0000
+
+   S: 003aACK 7e47fe2bd8d01d481f44d7af0531bd93d3b21c01 continue\n
+   S: 003aACK 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d continue\n
+   S: 0008NAK\n
+
+   C: 0009done\n
+
+   S: 003aACK 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d\n
+   S: [PACKFILE]
+----
+
+
+Packfile Data
+-------------
+
+Now that the client and server have finished negotiation about what
+the minimal amount of data that needs to be sent to the client is, the server
+will construct and send the required data in packfile format.
+
+See pack-format.txt for what the packfile itself actually looks like.
+
+If 'side-band' or 'side-band-64k' capabilities have been specified by
+the client, the server will send the packfile data multiplexed.
+
+Each packet starting with the packet-line length of the amount of data
+that follows, followed by a single byte specifying the sideband the
+following data is coming in on.
+
+In 'side-band' mode, it will send up to 999 data bytes plus 1 control
+code, for a total of up to 1000 bytes in a pkt-line.  In 'side-band-64k'
+mode it will send up to 65519 data bytes plus 1 control code, for a
+total of up to 65520 bytes in a pkt-line.
+
+The sideband byte will be a '1', '2' or a '3'. Sideband '1' will contain
+packfile data, sideband '2' will be used for progress information that the
+client will generally print to stderr and sideband '3' is used for error
+information.
+
+If no 'side-band' capability was specified, the server will stream the
+entire packfile without multiplexing.
+
+
+Pushing Data To a Server
+========================
+
+Pushing data to a server will invoke the 'receive-pack' process on the
+server, which will allow the client to tell it which references it should
+update and then send all the data the server will need for those new
+references to be complete.  Once all the data is received and validated,
+the server will then update its references to what the client specified.
+
+Authentication
+--------------
+
+The protocol itself contains no authentication mechanisms.  That is to be
+handled by the transport, such as SSH, before the 'receive-pack' process is
+invoked.  If 'receive-pack' is configured over the Git transport, those
+repositories will be writable by anyone who can access that port (9418) as
+that transport is unauthenticated.
+
+Reference Discovery
+-------------------
+
+The reference discovery phase is done nearly the same way as it is in the
+fetching protocol. Each reference obj-id and name on the server is sent
+in packet-line format to the client, followed by a flush-pkt.  The only
+real difference is that the capability listing is different - the only
+possible values are 'report-status', 'delete-refs' and 'ofs-delta'.
+
+Reference Update Request and Packfile Transfer
+----------------------------------------------
+
+Once the client knows what references the server is at, it can send a
+list of reference update requests.  For each reference on the server
+that it wants to update, it sends a line listing the obj-id currently on
+the server, the obj-id the client would like to update it to and the name
+of the reference.
+
+This list is followed by a flush-pkt and then the packfile that should
+contain all the objects that the server will need to complete the new
+references.
+
+----
+  update-request    =  command-list [pack-file]
+
+  command-list      =  PKT-LINE(command NUL capability-list LF)
+		       *PKT-LINE(command LF)
+		       flush-pkt
+
+  command           =  create / delete / update
+  create            =  zero-id SP new-id  SP name
+  delete            =  old-id  SP zero-id SP name
+  update            =  old-id  SP new-id  SP name
+
+  old-id            =  obj-id
+  new-id            =  obj-id
+
+  pack-file         = "PACK" 28*(OCTET)
+----
+
+If the receiving end does not support delete-refs, the sending end MUST
+NOT ask for delete command.
+
+The pack-file MUST NOT be sent if the only command used is 'delete'.
+
+A pack-file MUST be sent if either create or update command is used,
+even if the server already has all the necessary objects.  In this
+case the client MUST send an empty pack-file.   The only time this
+is likely to happen is if the client is creating
+a new branch or a tag that points to an existing obj-id.
+
+The server will receive the packfile, unpack it, then validate each
+reference that is being updated that it hasn't changed while the request
+was being processed (the obj-id is still the same as the old-id), and
+it will run any update hooks to make sure that the update is acceptable.
+If all of that is fine, the server will then update the references.
+
+Report Status
+-------------
+
+After receiving the pack data from the sender, the receiver sends a
+report if 'report-status' capability is in effect.
+It is a short listing of what happened in that update.  It will first
+list the status of the packfile unpacking as either 'unpack ok' or
+'unpack [error]'.  Then it will list the status for each of the references
+that it tried to update.  Each line is either 'ok [refname]' if the
+update was successful, or 'ng [refname] [error]' if the update was not.
+
+----
+  report-status     = unpack-status
+		      1*(command-status)
+		      flush-pkt
+
+  unpack-status     = PKT-LINE("unpack" SP unpack-result LF)
+  unpack-result     = "ok" / error-msg
+
+  command-status    = command-ok / command-fail
+  command-ok        = PKT-LINE("ok" SP refname LF)
+  command-fail      = PKT-LINE("ng" SP refname SP error-msg LF)
+
+  error-msg         = 1*(OCTECT) ; where not "ok"
+----
+
+Updates can be unsuccessful for a number of reasons.  The reference can have
+changed since the reference discovery phase was originally sent, meaning
+someone pushed in the meantime.  The reference being pushed could be a
+non-fast-forward reference and the update hooks or configuration could be
+set to not allow that, etc.  Also, some references can be updated while others
+can be rejected.
+
+An example client/server communication might look like this:
+
+----
+   S: 007c74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d refs/heads/local\0report-status delete-refs ofs-delta\n
+   S: 003e7d1665144a3a975c05f1f43902ddaf084e784dbe refs/heads/debug\n
+   S: 003f74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d refs/heads/master\n
+   S: 003f74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d refs/heads/team\n
+   S: 0000
+
+   C: 003e7d1665144a3a975c05f1f43902ddaf084e784dbe 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d refs/heads/debug\n
+   C: 003e74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d 5a3f6be755bbb7deae50065988cbfa1ffa9ab68a refs/heads/master\n
+   C: 0000
+   C: [PACKDATA]
+
+   S: 000aunpack ok\n
+   S: 0014ok refs/heads/debug\n
+   S: 0026ng refs/heads/master non-fast-forward\n
+----
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1892d3eea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+Git Protocol Capabilities
+=========================
+
+Servers SHOULD support all capabilities defined in this document.
+
+On the very first line of the initial server response of either
+receive-pack and upload-pack the first reference is followed by
+a NUL byte and then a list of space delimited server capabilities.
+These allow the server to declare what it can and cannot support
+to the client.
+
+Client will then send a space separated list of capabilities it wants
+to be in effect. The client MUST NOT ask for capabilities the server
+did not say it supports.
+
+Server MUST diagnose and abort if capabilities it does not understand
+was sent.  Server MUST NOT ignore capabilities that client requested
+and server advertised.  As a consequence of these rules, server MUST
+NOT advertise capabilities it does not understand.
+
+The 'report-status' and 'delete-refs' capabilities are sent and
+recognized by the receive-pack (push to server) process.
+
+The 'ofs-delta' capability is sent and recognized by both upload-pack
+and receive-pack protocols.
+
+All other capabilities are only recognized by the upload-pack (fetch
+from server) process.
+
+multi_ack
+---------
+
+The 'multi_ack' capability allows the server to return "ACK obj-id
+continue" as soon as it finds a commit that it can use as a common
+base, between the client's wants and the client's have set.
+
+By sending this early, the server can potentially head off the client
+from walking any further down that particular branch of the client's
+repository history.  The client may still need to walk down other
+branches, sending have lines for those, until the server has a
+complete cut across the DAG, or the client has said "done".
+
+Without multi_ack, a client sends have lines in --date-order until
+the server has found a common base.  That means the client will send
+have lines that are already known by the server to be common, because
+they overlap in time with another branch that the server hasn't found
+a common base on yet.
+
+For example suppose the client has commits in caps that the server
+doesn't and the server has commits in lower case that the client
+doesn't, as in the following diagram:
+
+       +---- u ---------------------- x
+      /              +----- y
+     /              /
+    a -- b -- c -- d -- E -- F
+       \
+	+--- Q -- R -- S
+
+If the client wants x,y and starts out by saying have F,S, the server
+doesn't know what F,S is.  Eventually the client says "have d" and
+the server sends "ACK d continue" to let the client know to stop
+walking down that line (so don't send c-b-a), but its not done yet,
+it needs a base for x. The client keeps going with S-R-Q, until a
+gets reached, at which point the server has a clear base and it all
+ends.
+
+Without multi_ack the client would have sent that c-b-a chain anyway,
+interleaved with S-R-Q.
+
+thin-pack
+---------
+
+This capability means that the server can send a 'thin' pack, a pack
+which does not contain base objects; if those base objects are available
+on client side. Client requests 'thin-pack' capability when it
+understands how to "thicken" it by adding required delta bases making
+it self-contained.
+
+Client MUST NOT request 'thin-pack' capability if it cannot turn a thin
+pack into a self-contained pack.
+
+
+side-band, side-band-64k
+------------------------
+
+This capability means that server can send, and client understand multiplexed
+progress reports and error info interleaved with the packfile itself.
+
+These two options are mutually exclusive. A modern client always
+favors 'side-band-64k'.
+
+Either mode indicates that the packfile data will be streamed broken
+up into packets of up to either 1000 bytes in the case of 'side_band',
+or 65520 bytes in the case of 'side_band_64k'. Each packet is made up
+of a leading 4-byte pkt-line length of how much data is in the packet,
+followed by a 1-byte stream code, followed by the actual data.
+
+The stream code can be one of:
+
+ 1 - pack data
+ 2 - progress messages
+ 3 - fatal error message just before stream aborts
+
+The "side-band-64k" capability came about as a way for newer clients
+that can handle much larger packets to request packets that are
+actually crammed nearly full, while maintaining backward compatibility
+for the older clients.
+
+Further, with side-band and its up to 1000-byte messages, it's actually
+999 bytes of payload and 1 byte for the stream code. With side-band-64k,
+same deal, you have up to 65519 bytes of data and 1 byte for the stream
+code.
+
+The client MUST send only maximum of one of "side-band" and "side-
+band-64k".  Server MUST diagnose it as an error if client requests
+both.
+
+ofs-delta
+---------
+
+Server can send, and client understand PACKv2 with delta refering to
+its base by position in pack rather than by an obj-id.  That is, they can
+send/read OBJ_OFS_DELTA (aka type 6) in a packfile.
+
+shallow
+-------
+
+This capability adds "deepen", "shallow" and "unshallow" commands to
+the  fetch-pack/upload-pack protocol so clients can request shallow
+clones.
+
+no-progress
+-----------
+
+The client was started with "git clone -q" or something, and doesn't
+want that side band 2.  Basically the client just says "I do not
+wish to receive stream 2 on sideband, so do not send it to me, and if
+you did, I will drop it on the floor anyway".  However, the sideband
+channel 3 is still used for error responses.
+
+include-tag
+-----------
+
+The 'include-tag' capability is about sending annotated tags if we are
+sending objects they point to.  If we pack an object to the client, and
+a tag object points exactly at that object, we pack the tag object too.
+In general this allows a client to get all new annotated tags when it
+fetches a branch, in a single network connection.
+
+Clients MAY always send include-tag, hardcoding it into a request when
+the server advertises this capability. The decision for a client to
+request include-tag only has to do with the client's desires for tag
+data, whether or not a server had advertised objects in the
+refs/tags/* namespace.
+
+Servers MUST pack the tags if their referrant is packed and the client
+has requested include-tags.
+
+Clients MUST be prepared for the case where a server has ignored
+include-tag and has not actually sent tags in the pack.  In such
+cases the client SHOULD issue a subsequent fetch to acquire the tags
+that include-tag would have otherwise given the client.
+
+The server SHOULD send include-tag, if it supports it, regardless
+of whether or not there are tags available.
+
+report-status
+-------------
+
+The upload-pack process can receive a 'report-status' capability,
+which tells it that the client wants a report of what happened after
+a packfile upload and reference update.  If the pushing client requests
+this capability, after unpacking and updating references the server
+will respond with whether the packfile unpacked successfully and if
+each reference was updated successfully.  If any of those were not
+successful, it will send back an error message.  See pack-protocol.txt
+for example messages.
+
+delete-refs
+-----------
+
+If the server sends back the 'delete-refs' capability, it means that
+it is capable of accepting an zero-id value as the target
+value of a reference update.  It is not sent back by the client, it
+simply informs the client that it can be sent zero-id values
+to delete references.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d30a1b951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+Documentation Common to Pack and Http Protocols
+===============================================
+
+ABNF Notation
+-------------
+
+ABNF notation as described by RFC 5234 is used within the protocol documents,
+except the following replacement core rules are used:
+----
+  HEXDIG    =  DIGIT / "a" / "b" / "c" / "d" / "e" / "f"
+----
+
+We also define the following common rules:
+----
+  NUL       =  %x00
+  zero-id   =  40*"0"
+  obj-id    =  40*(HEXDIGIT)
+
+  refname  =  "HEAD"
+  refname /=  "refs/" <see discussion below>
+----
+
+A refname is a hierarchical octet string beginning with "refs/" and
+not violating the 'git-check-ref-format' command's validation rules.
+More specifically, they:
+
+. They can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
+  grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
+  dot `.`.
+
+. They must contain at least one `/`. This enforces the presence of a
+  category like `heads/`, `tags/` etc. but the actual names are not
+  restricted.
+
+. They cannot have two consecutive dots `..` anywhere.
+
+. They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
+  values are lower than \040, or \177 `DEL`), space, tilde `~`,
+  caret `{caret}`, colon `:`, question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`,
+  or open bracket `[` anywhere.
+
+. They cannot end with a slash `/` nor a dot `.`.
+
+. They cannot end with the sequence `.lock`.
+
+. They cannot contain a sequence `@{`.
+
+. They cannot contain a `\\`.
+
+
+pkt-line Format
+---------------
+
+Much (but not all) of the payload is described around pkt-lines.
+
+A pkt-line is a variable length binary string.  The first four bytes
+of the line, the pkt-len, indicates the total length of the line,
+in hexadecimal.  The pkt-len includes the 4 bytes used to contain
+the length's hexadecimal representation.
+
+A pkt-line MAY contain binary data, so implementors MUST ensure
+pkt-line parsing/formatting routines are 8-bit clean.
+
+A non-binary line SHOULD BE terminated by an LF, which if present
+MUST be included in the total length.
+
+The maximum length of a pkt-line's data component is 65520 bytes.
+Implementations MUST NOT send pkt-line whose length exceeds 65524
+(65520 bytes of payload + 4 bytes of length data).
+
+Implementations SHOULD NOT send an empty pkt-line ("0004").
+
+A pkt-line with a length field of 0 ("0000"), called a flush-pkt,
+is a special case and MUST be handled differently than an empty
+pkt-line ("0004").
+
+----
+  pkt-line     =  data-pkt / flush-pkt
+
+  data-pkt     =  pkt-len pkt-payload
+  pkt-len      =  4*(HEXDIG)
+  pkt-payload  =  (pkt-len - 4)*(OCTET)
+
+  flush-pkt    = "0000"
+----
+
+Examples (as C-style strings):
+
+----
+  pkt-line          actual value
+  ---------------------------------
+  "0006a\n"         "a\n"
+  "0005a"           "a"
+  "000bfoobar\n"    "foobar\n"
+  "0004"            ""
+----
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
index 6bdf034b3..53aa0c82c 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/racy-git.txt
@@ -42,10 +42,12 @@ compared, but this is not enabled by default because this member
 is not stable on network filesystems.  With `USE_NSEC`
 compile-time option, `st_mtim.tv_nsec` and `st_ctim.tv_nsec`
 members are also compared, but this is not enabled by default
-because the value of this member becomes meaningless once the
-inode is evicted from the inode cache on filesystems that do not
-store it on disk.
-
+because in-core timestamps can have finer granularity than
+on-disk timestamps, resulting in meaningless changes when an
+inode is evicted from the inode cache.  See commit 8ce13b0
+of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tglx/history.git
+([PATCH] Sync in core time granuality with filesystems,
+2005-01-04).
 
 Racy git
 --------
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ them, and give the same timestamp to the index file:
 
 This will make all index entries racily clean.  The linux-2.6
 project, for example, there are over 20,000 files in the working
-tree.  On my Athron 64X2 3800+, after the above:
+tree.  On my Athlon 64 X2 3800+, after the above:
 
   $ /usr/bin/time git diff-files
   1.68user 0.54system 0:02.22elapsed 100%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k
diff --git a/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
index 41ec7774f..2a0e7b894 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls-remotes.txt
@@ -27,10 +27,13 @@ config file would appear like this:
 ------------
 	[remote "<name>"]
 		url = <url>
+		pushurl = <pushurl>
 		push = <refspec>
 		fetch = <refspec>
 ------------
 
+The `<pushurl>` is used for pushes only. It is optional and defaults
+to `<url>`.
 
 Named file in `$GIT_DIR/remotes`
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/Documentation/urls.txt b/Documentation/urls.txt
index fa34c6747..d813ceb72 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls.txt
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ to name the remote repository:
 
 ===============================================================
 - rsync://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- http://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- https://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- git://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- git://host.xz/~user/path/to/repo.git/
+- http://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- https://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/~user/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz/~user/path/to/repo.git/
@@ -67,3 +67,21 @@ For example, with this:
 a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be
 rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".
 
+If you want to rewrite URLs for push only, you can create a
+configuration section of the form:
+
+------------
+	[url "<actual url base>"]
+		pushInsteadOf = <other url base>
+------------
+
+For example, with this:
+
+------------
+	[url "ssh://example.org/"]
+		pushInsteadOf = git://example.org/
+------------
+
+a URL like "git://example.org/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten to
+"ssh://example.org/path/to/repo.git" for pushes, but pulls will still
+use the original URL.
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index da9c6b299..b16983668 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ to build and test a particular version of a software project, search for
 regressions, and so on.
 
 People needing to do actual development will also want to read
-<<Developing-with-git>> and <<sharing-development>>.
+<<Developing-With-git>> and <<sharing-development>>.
 
 Further chapters cover more specialized topics.
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ project in mind, here are some interesting examples:
 ------------------------------------------------
 	# git itself (approx. 10MB download):
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git
-	# the linux kernel (approx. 150MB download):
+	# the Linux kernel (approx. 150MB download):
 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git
 ------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ As you can see, a commit shows who made the latest change, what they
 did, and why.
 
 Every commit has a 40-hexdigit id, sometimes called the "object name" or the
-"SHA1 id", shown on the first line of the "git-show" output.  You can usually
+"SHA-1 id", shown on the first line of the "git show" output.  You can usually
 refer to a commit by a shorter name, such as a tag or a branch name, but this
 longer name can also be useful.  Most importantly, it is a globally unique
 name for this commit: so if you tell somebody else the object name (for
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ ref: refs/heads/master
 Examining an old version without creating a new branch
 ------------------------------------------------------
 
-The git-checkout command normally expects a branch head, but will also
+The `git checkout` command normally expects a branch head, but will also
 accept an arbitrary commit; for example, you can check out the commit
 referenced by a tag:
 
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ If you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so
 HEAD is now at 427abfa... Linux v2.6.17
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-The HEAD then refers to the SHA1 of the commit instead of to a branch,
+The HEAD then refers to the SHA-1 of the commit instead of to a branch,
 and git branch shows that you are no longer on a branch:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -399,8 +399,8 @@ the order it uses to decide which to choose when there are multiple
 references with the same shorthand name, see the "SPECIFYING
 REVISIONS" section of linkgit:git-rev-parse[1].
 
-[[Updating-a-repository-with-git-fetch]]
-Updating a repository with git-fetch
+[[Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch]]
+Updating a repository with git fetch
 ------------------------------------
 
 Eventually the developer cloned from will do additional work in her
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ $ git fetch linux-nfs
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 New remote-tracking branches will be stored under the shorthand name
-that you gave "git-remote add", in this case linux-nfs:
+that you gave "git remote add", in this case linux-nfs:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git branch -r
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ $ git bisect reset
 
 to return you to the branch you were on before.
 
-Note that the version which git-bisect checks out for you at each
+Note that the version which `git bisect` checks out for you at each
 point is just a suggestion, and you're free to try a different
 version if you think it would be a good idea.  For example,
 occasionally you may land on a commit that broke something unrelated;
@@ -592,11 +592,11 @@ In addition to HEAD, there are several other special names for
 commits:
 
 Merges (to be discussed later), as well as operations such as
-git-reset, which change the currently checked-out commit, generally
+`git reset`, which change the currently checked-out commit, generally
 set ORIG_HEAD to the value HEAD had before the current operation.
 
-The git-fetch operation always stores the head of the last fetched
-branch in FETCH_HEAD.  For example, if you run git fetch without
+The `git fetch` operation always stores the head of the last fetched
+branch in FETCH_HEAD.  For example, if you run `git fetch` without
 specifying a local branch as the target of the operation
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ $ git log --pretty=oneline origin..mybranch | wc -l
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 Alternatively, you may often see this sort of thing done with the
-lower-level command linkgit:git-rev-list[1], which just lists the SHA1's
+lower-level command linkgit:git-rev-list[1], which just lists the SHA-1's
 of all the given commits:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ echo "git diff --stat --summary -M v$last v$new > ../diffstat-$new"
 and then he just cut-and-pastes the output commands after verifying that
 they look OK.
 
-[[Finding-comments-with-given-content]]
+[[Finding-comments-With-given-Content]]
 Finding commits referencing a file with given content
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ Figuring out why this works is left as an exercise to the (advanced)
 student.  The linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-diff-tree[1], and
 linkgit:git-hash-object[1] man pages may prove helpful.
 
-[[Developing-with-git]]
+[[Developing-With-git]]
 Developing with git
 ===================
 
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ $ git init
 If you have some initial content (say, a tarball):
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ tar -xzvf project.tar.gz
+$ tar xzvf project.tar.gz
 $ cd project
 $ git init
 $ git add . # include everything below ./ in the first commit:
@@ -1073,9 +1073,9 @@ $ git diff
 
 shows the difference between the working tree and the index file.
 
-Note that "git-add" always adds just the current contents of a file
+Note that "git add" always adds just the current contents of a file
 to the index; further changes to the same file will be ignored unless
-you run git-add on the file again.
+you run `git add` on the file again.
 
 When you're ready, just run
 
@@ -1136,10 +1136,10 @@ Ignoring files
 A project will often generate files that you do 'not' want to track with git.
 This typically includes files generated by a build process or temporary
 backup files made by your editor. Of course, 'not' tracking files with git
-is just a matter of 'not' calling "`git-add`" on them. But it quickly becomes
+is just a matter of 'not' calling `git add` on them. But it quickly becomes
 annoying to have these untracked files lying around; e.g. they make
-"`git add .`" practically useless, and they keep showing up in the output of
-"`git status`".
+`git add .` practically useless, and they keep showing up in the output of
+`git status`.
 
 You can tell git to ignore certain files by creating a file called .gitignore
 in the top level of your working directory, with contents such as:
@@ -1183,7 +1183,23 @@ $ git merge branchname
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 merges the development in the branch "branchname" into the current
-branch.  If there are conflicts--for example, if the same file is
+branch.
+
+A merge is made by combining the changes made in "branchname" and the
+changes made up to the latest commit in your current branch since
+their histories forked. The work tree is overwritten by the result of
+the merge when this combining is done cleanly, or overwritten by a
+half-merged results when this combining results in conflicts.
+Therefore, if you have uncommitted changes touching the same files as
+the ones impacted by the merge, Git will refuse to proceed. Most of
+the time, you will want to commit your changes before you can merge,
+and if you don't, then linkgit:git-stash[1] can take these changes
+away while you're doing the merge, and reapply them afterwards.
+
+If the changes are independant enough, Git will automatically complete
+the merge and commit the result (or reuse an existing commit in case
+of <<fast-forwards,fast-forward>>, see below). On the other hand,
+if there are conflicts--for example, if the same file is
 modified in two different ways in the remote branch and the local
 branch--then you are warned; the output may look something like this:
 
@@ -1340,7 +1356,7 @@ These will display all commits which exist only on HEAD or on
 MERGE_HEAD, and which touch an unmerged file.
 
 You may also use linkgit:git-mergetool[1], which lets you merge the
-unmerged files using external tools such as emacs or kdiff3.
+unmerged files using external tools such as Emacs or kdiff3.
 
 Each time you resolve the conflicts in a file and update the index:
 
@@ -1349,7 +1365,7 @@ $ git add file.txt
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 the different stages of that file will be "collapsed", after which
-git-diff will (by default) no longer show diffs for that file.
+`git diff` will (by default) no longer show diffs for that file.
 
 [[undoing-a-merge]]
 Undoing a merge
@@ -1384,7 +1400,7 @@ were merged.
 
 However, if the current branch is a descendant of the other--so every
 commit present in the one is already contained in the other--then git
-just performs a "fast forward"; the head of the current branch is moved
+just performs a "fast-forward"; the head of the current branch is moved
 forward to point at the head of the merged-in branch, without any new
 commits being created.
 
@@ -1446,7 +1462,7 @@ Fixing a mistake by rewriting history
 
 If the problematic commit is the most recent commit, and you have not
 yet made that commit public, then you may just
-<<undoing-a-merge,destroy it using git-reset>>.
+<<undoing-a-merge,destroy it using `git reset`>>.
 
 Alternatively, you
 can edit the working directory and update the index to fix your
@@ -1474,7 +1490,7 @@ Checking out an old version of a file
 
 In the process of undoing a previous bad change, you may find it
 useful to check out an older version of a particular file using
-linkgit:git-checkout[1].  We've used git-checkout before to switch
+linkgit:git-checkout[1].  We've used `git checkout` before to switch
 branches, but it has quite different behavior if it is given a path
 name: the command
 
@@ -1507,7 +1523,7 @@ so on a different branch and then coming back), unstash the
 work-in-progress changes.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git stash "work in progress for foo feature"
+$ git stash save "work in progress for foo feature"
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This command will save your changes away to the `stash`, and
@@ -1520,10 +1536,10 @@ $ git commit -a -m "blorpl: typofix"
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 After that, you can go back to what you were working on with
-`git stash apply`:
+`git stash pop`:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git stash apply
+$ git stash pop
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -1542,7 +1558,7 @@ $ git gc
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 to recompress the archive.  This can be very time-consuming, so
-you may prefer to run git-gc when you are not doing other work.
+you may prefer to run `git gc` when you are not doing other work.
 
 
 [[ensuring-reliability]]
@@ -1634,7 +1650,7 @@ In some situations the reflog may not be able to save you.  For example,
 suppose you delete a branch, then realize you need the history it
 contained.  The reflog is also deleted; however, if you have not yet
 pruned the repository, then you may still be able to find the lost
-commits in the dangling objects that git-fsck reports.  See
+commits in the dangling objects that `git fsck` reports.  See
 <<dangling-objects>> for the details.
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1675,15 +1691,15 @@ dangling objects can arise in other situations.
 Sharing development with others
 ===============================
 
-[[getting-updates-with-git-pull]]
-Getting updates with git-pull
+[[getting-updates-With-git-pull]]
+Getting updates with git pull
 -----------------------------
 
-After you clone a repository and make a few changes of your own, you
+After you clone a repository and commit a few changes of your own, you
 may wish to check the original repository for updates and merge them
 into your own work.
 
-We have already seen <<Updating-a-repository-with-git-fetch,how to
+We have already seen <<Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch,how to
 keep remote tracking branches up to date>> with linkgit:git-fetch[1],
 and how to merge two branches.  So you can merge in changes from the
 original repository's master branch with:
@@ -1719,10 +1735,10 @@ producing a default commit message documenting the branch and
 repository that you pulled from.
 
 (But note that no such commit will be created in the case of a
-<<fast-forwards,fast forward>>; instead, your branch will just be
+<<fast-forwards,fast-forward>>; instead, your branch will just be
 updated to point to the latest commit from the upstream branch.)
 
-The git-pull command can also be given "." as the "remote" repository,
+The `git pull` command can also be given "." as the "remote" repository,
 in which case it just merges in a branch from the current repository; so
 the commands
 
@@ -1794,8 +1810,8 @@ Public git repositories
 
 Another way to submit changes to a project is to tell the maintainer
 of that project to pull the changes from your repository using
-linkgit:git-pull[1].  In the section "<<getting-updates-with-git-pull,
-Getting updates with git-pull>>" we described this as a way to get
+linkgit:git-pull[1].  In the section "<<getting-updates-With-git-pull,
+Getting updates with `git pull`>>" we described this as a way to get
 updates from the "main" repository, but it works just as well in the
 other direction.
 
@@ -1847,7 +1863,7 @@ Setting up a public repository
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Assume your personal repository is in the directory ~/proj.  We
-first create a new clone of the repository and tell git-daemon that it
+first create a new clone of the repository and tell `git daemon` that it
 is meant to be public:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1878,10 +1894,10 @@ repository>>", below.
 Otherwise, all you need to do is start linkgit:git-daemon[1]; it will
 listen on port 9418.  By default, it will allow access to any directory
 that looks like a git directory and contains the magic file
-git-daemon-export-ok.  Passing some directory paths as git-daemon
+git-daemon-export-ok.  Passing some directory paths as `git daemon`
 arguments will further restrict the exports to those paths.
 
-You can also run git-daemon as an inetd service; see the
+You can also run `git daemon` as an inetd service; see the
 linkgit:git-daemon[1] man page for details.  (See especially the
 examples section.)
 
@@ -1942,8 +1958,8 @@ or just
 $ git push ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-As with git-fetch, git-push will complain if this does not result in a
-<<fast-forwards,fast forward>>; see the following section for details on
+As with `git fetch`, `git push` will complain if this does not result in a
+<<fast-forwards,fast-forward>>; see the following section for details on
 handling this case.
 
 Note that the target of a "push" is normally a
@@ -1952,7 +1968,7 @@ repository that has a checked-out working tree, but the working tree
 will not be updated by the push.  This may lead to unexpected results if
 the branch you push to is the currently checked-out branch!
 
-As with git-fetch, you may also set up configuration options to
+As with `git fetch`, you may also set up configuration options to
 save typing; so, for example, after
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1976,7 +1992,7 @@ details.
 What to do when a push fails
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-If a push would not result in a <<fast-forwards,fast forward>> of the
+If a push would not result in a <<fast-forwards,fast-forward>> of the
 remote branch, then it will fail with an error like:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -1988,13 +2004,13 @@ error: failed to push to 'ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git'
 
 This can happen, for example, if you:
 
-	- use `git-reset --hard` to remove already-published commits, or
-	- use `git-commit --amend` to replace already-published commits
+	- use `git reset --hard` to remove already-published commits, or
+	- use `git commit --amend` to replace already-published commits
 	  (as in <<fixing-a-mistake-by-rewriting-history>>), or
-	- use `git-rebase` to rebase any already-published commits (as
+	- use `git rebase` to rebase any already-published commits (as
 	  in <<using-git-rebase>>).
 
-You may force git-push to perform the update anyway by preceding the
+You may force `git push` to perform the update anyway by preceding the
 branch name with a plus sign:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2004,7 +2020,7 @@ $ git push ssh://yourserver.com/~you/proj.git +master
 Normally whenever a branch head in a public repository is modified, it
 is modified to point to a descendant of the commit that it pointed to
 before.  By forcing a push in this situation, you break that convention.
-(See <<problems-with-rewriting-history>>.)
+(See <<problems-With-rewriting-history>>.)
 
 Nevertheless, this is a common practice for people that need a simple
 way to publish a work-in-progress patch series, and it is an acceptable
@@ -2036,7 +2052,7 @@ advantages over the central shared repository:
 
 	- Git's ability to quickly import and merge patches allows a
 	  single maintainer to process incoming changes even at very
-	  high rates.  And when that becomes too much, git-pull provides
+	  high rates.  And when that becomes too much, `git pull` provides
 	  an easy way for that maintainer to delegate this job to other
 	  maintainers while still allowing optional review of incoming
 	  changes.
@@ -2115,7 +2131,7 @@ $ git checkout release && git pull
 
 Important note!  If you have any local changes in these branches, then
 this merge will create a commit object in the history (with no local
-changes git will simply do a "Fast forward" merge).  Many people dislike
+changes git will simply do a "fast-forward" merge).  Many people dislike
 the "noise" that this creates in the Linux history, so you should avoid
 doing this capriciously in the "release" branch, as these noisy commits
 will become part of the permanent history when you ask Linus to pull
@@ -2404,7 +2420,7 @@ use them, and then explain some of the problems that can arise because
 you are rewriting history.
 
 [[using-git-rebase]]
-Keeping a patch series up to date using git-rebase
+Keeping a patch series up to date using git rebase
 --------------------------------------------------
 
 Suppose that you create a branch "mywork" on a remote-tracking branch
@@ -2468,9 +2484,9 @@ patches to the new mywork.  The result will look like:
 ................................................
 
 In the process, it may discover conflicts.  In that case it will stop
-and allow you to fix the conflicts; after fixing conflicts, use "git-add"
+and allow you to fix the conflicts; after fixing conflicts, use `git add`
 to update the index with those contents, and then, instead of
-running git-commit, just run
+running `git commit`, just run
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git rebase --continue
@@ -2508,7 +2524,7 @@ with
 $ git tag bad mywork~5
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-(Either gitk or git-log may be useful for finding the commit.)
+(Either gitk or `git log` may be useful for finding the commit.)
 
 Then check out that commit, edit it, and rebase the rest of the series
 on top of it (note that we could check out the commit on a temporary
@@ -2549,12 +2565,12 @@ $ gitk origin..mywork &
 
 and browse through the list of patches in the mywork branch using gitk,
 applying them (possibly in a different order) to mywork-new using
-cherry-pick, and possibly modifying them as you go using `commit --amend`.
+cherry-pick, and possibly modifying them as you go using `git commit --amend`.
 The linkgit:git-gui[1] command may also help as it allows you to
 individually select diff hunks for inclusion in the index (by
 right-clicking on the diff hunk and choosing "Stage Hunk for Commit").
 
-Another technique is to use git-format-patch to create a series of
+Another technique is to use `git format-patch` to create a series of
 patches, then reset the state to before the patches:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -2569,11 +2585,11 @@ them again with linkgit:git-am[1].
 Other tools
 -----------
 
-There are numerous other tools, such as StGIT, which exist for the
+There are numerous other tools, such as StGit, which exist for the
 purpose of maintaining a patch series.  These are outside of the scope of
 this manual.
 
-[[problems-with-rewriting-history]]
+[[problems-With-rewriting-history]]
 Problems with rewriting history
 -------------------------------
 
@@ -2662,7 +2678,7 @@ you know is that D is bad, that Z is good, and that
 linkgit:git-bisect[1] identifies C as the culprit, how will you
 figure out that the problem is due to this change in semantics?
 
-When the result of a git-bisect is a non-merge commit, you should
+When the result of a `git bisect` is a non-merge commit, you should
 normally be able to discover the problem by examining just that commit.
 Developers can make this easy by breaking their changes into small
 self-contained commits.  That won't help in the case above, however,
@@ -2725,13 +2741,13 @@ master branch.  In more detail:
 git fetch and fast-forwards
 ---------------------------
 
-In the previous example, when updating an existing branch, "git-fetch"
+In the previous example, when updating an existing branch, "git fetch"
 checks to make sure that the most recent commit on the remote
 branch is a descendant of the most recent commit on your copy of the
 branch before updating your copy of the branch to point at the new
-commit.  Git calls this process a <<fast-forwards,fast forward>>.
+commit.  Git calls this process a <<fast-forwards,fast-forward>>.
 
-A fast forward looks something like this:
+A fast-forward looks something like this:
 
 ................................................
  o--o--o--o <-- old head of the branch
@@ -2751,7 +2767,7 @@ resulting in a situation like:
             o--o--o <-- new head of the branch
 ................................................
 
-In this case, "git-fetch" will fail, and print out a warning.
+In this case, "git fetch" will fail, and print out a warning.
 
 In that case, you can still force git to update to the new head, as
 described in the following section.  However, note that in the
@@ -2760,7 +2776,7 @@ unless you've already created a reference of your own pointing to
 them.
 
 [[forcing-fetch]]
-Forcing git-fetch to do non-fast-forward updates
+Forcing git fetch to do non-fast-forward updates
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 If git fetch fails because the new head of a branch is not a
@@ -2865,8 +2881,8 @@ The Object Database
 We already saw in <<understanding-commits>> that all commits are stored
 under a 40-digit "object name".  In fact, all the information needed to
 represent the history of a project is stored in objects with such names.
-In each case the name is calculated by taking the SHA1 hash of the
-contents of the object.  The SHA1 hash is a cryptographic hash function.
+In each case the name is calculated by taking the SHA-1 hash of the
+contents of the object.  The SHA-1 hash is a cryptographic hash function.
 What that means to us is that it is impossible to find two different
 objects with the same name.  This has a number of advantages; among
 others:
@@ -2877,10 +2893,10 @@ others:
   same content stored in two repositories will always be stored under
   the same name.
 - Git can detect errors when it reads an object, by checking that the
-  object's name is still the SHA1 hash of its contents.
+  object's name is still the SHA-1 hash of its contents.
 
 (See <<object-details>> for the details of the object formatting and
-SHA1 calculation.)
+SHA-1 calculation.)
 
 There are four different types of objects: "blob", "tree", "commit", and
 "tag".
@@ -2926,9 +2942,9 @@ committer Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> 1187591163 -0700
 
 As you can see, a commit is defined by:
 
-- a tree: The SHA1 name of a tree object (as defined below), representing
+- a tree: The SHA-1 name of a tree object (as defined below), representing
   the contents of a directory at a certain point in time.
-- parent(s): The SHA1 name of some number of commits which represent the
+- parent(s): The SHA-1 name of some number of commits which represent the
   immediately previous step(s) in the history of the project.  The
   example above has one parent; merge commits may have more than
   one.  A commit with no parents is called a "root" commit, and
@@ -2977,13 +2993,13 @@ $ git ls-tree fb3a8bdd0ce
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 As you can see, a tree object contains a list of entries, each with a
-mode, object type, SHA1 name, and name, sorted by name.  It represents
+mode, object type, SHA-1 name, and name, sorted by name.  It represents
 the contents of a single directory tree.
 
 The object type may be a blob, representing the contents of a file, or
 another tree, representing the contents of a subdirectory.  Since trees
-and blobs, like all other objects, are named by the SHA1 hash of their
-contents, two trees have the same SHA1 name if and only if their
+and blobs, like all other objects, are named by the SHA-1 hash of their
+contents, two trees have the same SHA-1 name if and only if their
 contents (including, recursively, the contents of all subdirectories)
 are identical.  This allows git to quickly determine the differences
 between two related tree objects, since it can ignore any entries with
@@ -3029,15 +3045,15 @@ currently checked out.
 Trust
 ~~~~~
 
-If you receive the SHA1 name of a blob from one source, and its contents
+If you receive the SHA-1 name of a blob from one source, and its contents
 from another (possibly untrusted) source, you can still trust that those
-contents are correct as long as the SHA1 name agrees.  This is because
-the SHA1 is designed so that it is infeasible to find different contents
+contents are correct as long as the SHA-1 name agrees.  This is because
+the SHA-1 is designed so that it is infeasible to find different contents
 that produce the same hash.
 
-Similarly, you need only trust the SHA1 name of a top-level tree object
+Similarly, you need only trust the SHA-1 name of a top-level tree object
 to trust the contents of the entire directory that it refers to, and if
-you receive the SHA1 name of a commit from a trusted source, then you
+you receive the SHA-1 name of a commit from a trusted source, then you
 can easily verify the entire history of commits reachable through
 parents of that commit, and all of those contents of the trees referred
 to by those commits.
@@ -3049,7 +3065,7 @@ that you trust that commit, and the immutability of the history of
 commits tells others that they can trust the whole history.
 
 In other words, you can easily validate a whole archive by just
-sending out a single email that tells the people the name (SHA1 hash)
+sending out a single email that tells the people the name (SHA-1 hash)
 of the top commit, and digitally sign that email using something
 like GPG/PGP.
 
@@ -3090,7 +3106,7 @@ How git stores objects efficiently: pack files
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Newly created objects are initially created in a file named after the
-object's SHA1 hash (stored in .git/objects).
+object's SHA-1 hash (stored in .git/objects).
 
 Unfortunately this system becomes inefficient once a project has a
 lot of objects.  Try this on an old project:
@@ -3131,7 +3147,7 @@ $ git prune
 
 to remove any of the "loose" objects that are now contained in the
 pack.  This will also remove any unreferenced objects (which may be
-created when, for example, you use "git-reset" to remove a commit).
+created when, for example, you use "git reset" to remove a commit).
 You can verify that the loose objects are gone by looking at the
 .git/objects directory or by running
 
@@ -3160,7 +3176,7 @@ branch still exists, as does everything it pointed to. The branch
 pointer itself just doesn't, since you replaced it with another one.
 
 There are also other situations that cause dangling objects. For
-example, a "dangling blob" may arise because you did a "git-add" of a
+example, a "dangling blob" may arise because you did a "git add" of a
 file, but then, before you actually committed it and made it part of the
 bigger picture, you changed something else in that file and committed
 that *updated* thing--the old state that you added originally ends up
@@ -3210,7 +3226,7 @@ Usually, dangling blobs and trees aren't very interesting. They're
 almost always the result of either being a half-way mergebase (the blob
 will often even have the conflict markers from a merge in it, if you
 have had conflicting merges that you fixed up by hand), or simply
-because you interrupted a "git-fetch" with ^C or something like that,
+because you interrupted a "git fetch" with ^C or something like that,
 leaving _some_ of the new objects in the object database, but just
 dangling and useless.
 
@@ -3225,9 +3241,9 @@ and they'll be gone. But you should only run "git prune" on a quiescent
 repository--it's kind of like doing a filesystem fsck recovery: you
 don't want to do that while the filesystem is mounted.
 
-(The same is true of "git-fsck" itself, btw, but since
-git-fsck never actually *changes* the repository, it just reports
-on what it found, git-fsck itself is never "dangerous" to run.
+(The same is true of "git fsck" itself, btw, but since
+`git fsck` never actually *changes* the repository, it just reports
+on what it found, `git fsck` itself is never 'dangerous' to run.
 Running it while somebody is actually changing the repository can cause
 confusing and scary messages, but it won't actually do anything bad. In
 contrast, running "git prune" while somebody is actively changing the
@@ -3297,7 +3313,7 @@ $ git hash-object -w somedirectory/myfile
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 which will create and store a blob object with the contents of
-somedirectory/myfile, and output the sha1 of that object.  if you're
+somedirectory/myfile, and output the SHA-1 of that object.  if you're
 extremely lucky it might be 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200, in
 which case you've guessed right, and the corruption is fixed!
 
@@ -3359,7 +3375,7 @@ The index
 -----------
 
 The index is a binary file (generally kept in .git/index) containing a
-sorted list of path names, each with permissions and the SHA1 of a blob
+sorted list of path names, each with permissions and the SHA-1 of a blob
 object; linkgit:git-ls-files[1] can show you the contents of the index:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -3489,14 +3505,14 @@ done
 
 NOTE: Do not use local URLs here if you plan to publish your superproject!
 
-See what files `git-submodule` created:
+See what files `git submodule` created:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ ls -a
 .  ..  .git  .gitmodules  a  b  c  d
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-The `git-submodule add <repo> <path>` command does a couple of things:
+The `git submodule add <repo> <path>` command does a couple of things:
 
 - It clones the submodule from <repo> to the given <path> under the
   current directory and by default checks out the master branch.
@@ -3542,7 +3558,7 @@ init` to add the submodule repository URLs to `.git/config`:
 $ git submodule init
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Now use `git-submodule update` to clone the repositories and check out the
+Now use `git submodule update` to clone the repositories and check out the
 commits specified in the superproject:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
@@ -3552,8 +3568,8 @@ $ ls -a
 .  ..  .git  a.txt
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-One major difference between `git-submodule update` and `git-submodule add` is
-that `git-submodule update` checks out a specific commit, rather than the tip
+One major difference between `git submodule update` and `git submodule add` is
+that `git submodule update` checks out a specific commit, rather than the tip
 of a branch. It's like checking out a tag: the head is detached, so you're not
 working on a branch.
 
@@ -3754,7 +3770,7 @@ unsaved state that you might want to restore later!) your current
 index.  Normal operation is just
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git read-tree <sha1 of tree>
+$ git read-tree <SHA-1 of tree>
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 and your index file will now be equivalent to the tree that you saved
@@ -3769,7 +3785,7 @@ You update your working directory from the index by "checking out"
 files. This is not a very common operation, since normally you'd just
 keep your files updated, and rather than write to your working
 directory, you'd tell the index files about the changes in your
-working directory (i.e. `git-update-index`).
+working directory (i.e. `git update-index`).
 
 However, if you decide to jump to a new version, or check out somebody
 else's version, or just restore a previous tree, you'd populate your
@@ -3782,7 +3798,7 @@ $ git checkout-index filename
 
 or, if you want to check out all of the index, use `-a`.
 
-NOTE! git-checkout-index normally refuses to overwrite old files, so
+NOTE! `git checkout-index` normally refuses to overwrite old files, so
 if you have an old version of the tree already checked out, you will
 need to use the "-f" flag ('before' the "-a" flag or the filename) to
 'force' the checkout.
@@ -3820,7 +3836,7 @@ $ git commit-tree <tree> -p <parent> [-p <parent2> ..]
 and then giving the reason for the commit on stdin (either through
 redirection from a pipe or file, or by just typing it at the tty).
 
-git-commit-tree will return the name of the object that represents
+`git commit-tree` will return the name of the object that represents
 that commit, and you should save it away for later use. Normally,
 you'd commit a new `HEAD` state, and while git doesn't care where you
 save the note about that state, in practice we tend to just write the
@@ -3889,7 +3905,7 @@ $ git cat-file blob|tree|commit|tag <objectname>
 
 to show its contents. NOTE! Trees have binary content, and as a result
 there is a special helper for showing that content, called
-`git-ls-tree`, which turns the binary content into a more easily
+`git ls-tree`, which turns the binary content into a more easily
 readable form.
 
 It's especially instructive to look at "commit" objects, since those
@@ -3978,13 +3994,13 @@ $ git ls-files --unmerged
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 Each line of the `git ls-files --unmerged` output begins with
-the blob mode bits, blob SHA1, 'stage number', and the
+the blob mode bits, blob SHA-1, 'stage number', and the
 filename.  The 'stage number' is git's way to say which tree it
 came from: stage 1 corresponds to `$orig` tree, stage 2 `HEAD`
 tree, and stage3 `$target` tree.
 
 Earlier we said that trivial merges are done inside
-`git-read-tree -m`.  For example, if the file did not change
+`git read-tree -m`.  For example, if the file did not change
 from `$orig` to `HEAD` nor `$target`, or if the file changed
 from `$orig` to `HEAD` and `$orig` to `$target` the same way,
 obviously the final outcome is what is in `HEAD`.  What the
@@ -4011,20 +4027,20 @@ $ mv -f hello.c~2 hello.c
 $ git update-index hello.c
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-When a path is in the "unmerged" state, running `git-update-index` for
+When a path is in the "unmerged" state, running `git update-index` for
 that path tells git to mark the path resolved.
 
 The above is the description of a git merge at the lowest level,
 to help you understand what conceptually happens under the hood.
-In practice, nobody, not even git itself, runs `git-cat-file` three times
-for this.  There is a `git-merge-index` program that extracts the
+In practice, nobody, not even git itself, runs `git cat-file` three times
+for this.  There is a `git merge-index` program that extracts the
 stages to temporary files and calls a "merge" script on it:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello.c
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-and that is what higher level `git-merge -s resolve` is implemented with.
+and that is what higher level `git merge -s resolve` is implemented with.
 
 [[hacking-git]]
 Hacking git
@@ -4045,12 +4061,12 @@ objects).  There are currently four different object types: "blob",
 Regardless of object type, all objects share the following
 characteristics: they are all deflated with zlib, and have a header
 that not only specifies their type, but also provides size information
-about the data in the object.  It's worth noting that the SHA1 hash
+about the data in the object.  It's worth noting that the SHA-1 hash
 that is used to name the object is the hash of the original data
 plus this header, so `sha1sum` 'file' does not match the object name
 for 'file'.
 (Historical note: in the dawn of the age of git the hash
-was the sha1 of the 'compressed' object.)
+was the SHA-1 of the 'compressed' object.)
 
 As a result, the general consistency of an object can always be tested
 independently of the contents or the type of the object: all objects can
@@ -4061,7 +4077,7 @@ size> {plus} <byte\0> {plus} <binary object data>.
 
 The structured objects can further have their structure and
 connectivity to other objects verified. This is generally done with
-the `git-fsck` program, which generates a full dependency graph
+the `git fsck` program, which generates a full dependency graph
 of all objects, and verifies their internal consistency (in addition
 to just verifying their superficial consistency through the hash).
 
@@ -4120,7 +4136,7 @@ functions like `get_sha1_basic()` or the likes.
 This is just to get you into the groove for the most libified part of Git:
 the revision walker.
 
-Basically, the initial version of `git-log` was a shell script:
+Basically, the initial version of `git log` was a shell script:
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 $ git-rev-list --pretty $(git-rev-parse --default HEAD "$@") | \
@@ -4129,20 +4145,20 @@ $ git-rev-list --pretty $(git-rev-parse --default HEAD "$@") | \
 
 What does this mean?
 
-`git-rev-list` is the original version of the revision walker, which
+`git rev-list` is the original version of the revision walker, which
 _always_ printed a list of revisions to stdout.  It is still functional,
-and needs to, since most new Git programs start out as scripts using
-`git-rev-list`.
+and needs to, since most new Git commands start out as scripts using
+`git rev-list`.
 
-`git-rev-parse` is not as important any more; it was only used to filter out
+`git rev-parse` is not as important any more; it was only used to filter out
 options that were relevant for the different plumbing commands that were
 called by the script.
 
-Most of what `git-rev-list` did is contained in `revision.c` and
+Most of what `git rev-list` did is contained in `revision.c` and
 `revision.h`.  It wraps the options in a struct named `rev_info`, which
 controls how and what revisions are walked, and more.
 
-The original job of `git-rev-parse` is now taken by the function
+The original job of `git rev-parse` is now taken by the function
 `setup_revisions()`, which parses the revisions and the common command line
 options for the revision walker. This information is stored in the struct
 `rev_info` for later consumption. You can do your own command line option
@@ -4155,7 +4171,7 @@ just have a look at the first implementation of `cmd_log()`; call
 `git show v1.3.0{tilde}155^2{tilde}4` and scroll down to that function (note that you
 no longer need to call `setup_pager()` directly).
 
-Nowadays, `git-log` is a builtin, which means that it is _contained_ in the
+Nowadays, `git log` is a builtin, which means that it is _contained_ in the
 command `git`.  The source side of a builtin is
 
 - a function called `cmd_<bla>`, typically defined in `builtin-<bla>.c`,
@@ -4171,7 +4187,7 @@ since they share quite a bit of code.  In that case, the commands which are
 _not_ named like the `.c` file in which they live have to be listed in
 `BUILT_INS` in the `Makefile`.
 
-`git-log` looks more complicated in C than it does in the original script,
+`git log` looks more complicated in C than it does in the original script,
 but that allows for a much greater flexibility and performance.
 
 Here again it is a good point to take a pause.
@@ -4182,9 +4198,9 @@ the organization of Git (after you know the basic concepts).
 So, think about something which you are interested in, say, "how can I
 access a blob just knowing the object name of it?".  The first step is to
 find a Git command with which you can do it.  In this example, it is either
-`git-show` or `git-cat-file`.
+`git show` or `git cat-file`.
 
-For the sake of clarity, let's stay with `git-cat-file`, because it
+For the sake of clarity, let's stay with `git cat-file`, because it
 
 - is plumbing, and
 
@@ -4198,7 +4214,7 @@ it does.
 ------------------------------------------------------------------
         git_config(git_default_config);
         if (argc != 3)
-                usage("git-cat-file [-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>] <sha1>");
+		usage("git cat-file [-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>] <sha1>");
         if (get_sha1(argv[2], sha1))
                 die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[2]);
 ------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -4243,10 +4259,10 @@ To find out how the result can be used, just read on in `cmd_cat_file()`:
 -----------------------------------
 
 Sometimes, you do not know where to look for a feature.  In many such cases,
-it helps to search through the output of `git log`, and then `git-show` the
+it helps to search through the output of `git log`, and then `git show` the
 corresponding commit.
 
-Example: If you know that there was some test case for `git-bundle`, but
+Example: If you know that there was some test case for `git bundle`, but
 do not remember where it was (yes, you _could_ `git grep bundle t/`, but that
 does not illustrate the point!):
 
@@ -4275,7 +4291,7 @@ You see, Git is actually the best tool to find out about the source of Git
 itself!
 
 [[glossary]]
-GIT Glossary
+Git Glossary
 ============
 
 include::glossary-content.txt[]
@@ -4530,7 +4546,7 @@ The basic requirements:
 - Whenever possible, section headings should clearly describe the task
   they explain how to do, in language that requires no more knowledge
   than necessary: for example, "importing patches into a project" rather
-  than "the git-am command"
+  than "the `git am` command"
 
 Think about how to create a clear chapter dependency graph that will
 allow people to get to important topics without necessarily reading
@@ -4572,4 +4588,3 @@ Alternates, clone -reference, etc.
 More on recovery from repository corruption.  See:
 	http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=117263864820799&w=2
 	http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=117147855503798&w=2
-	http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=117147855503798&w=2
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 6c7465c75..4e0adcade 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v1.6.0.2.GIT
+DEF_VER=v1.6.6.1
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/INSTALL b/INSTALL
index d1deb0b3c..be504c95e 100644
--- a/INSTALL
+++ b/INSTALL
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ that uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded,
 which are derived from $prefix, so "make all; make prefix=/usr
 install" would not work.
 
+The beginning of the Makefile documents many variables that affect the way
+git is built.  You can override them either from the command line, or in a
+config.mak file.
+
 Alternatively you can use autoconf generated ./configure script to
 set up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead
 
@@ -48,32 +52,42 @@ Issues of note:
 	export GIT_EXEC_PATH PATH GITPERLLIB
 
  - Git is reasonably self-sufficient, but does depend on a few external
-   programs and libraries:
+   programs and libraries.  Git can be used without most of them by adding
+   the approriate "NO_<LIBRARY>=YesPlease" to the make command line or
+   config.mak file.
 
 	- "zlib", the compression library. Git won't build without it.
 
-	- "openssl".  Unless you specify otherwise, you'll get the SHA1
-	  library from here.
+	- "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net.
 
-	  If you don't have openssl, you can use one of the SHA1 libraries
-	  that come with git (git includes the one from Mozilla, and has
-	  its own PowerPC and ARM optimized ones too - see the Makefile).
+	- A POSIX-compliant shell is required to run many scripts needed
+	  for everyday use (e.g. "bisect", "pull").
 
-	- libcurl library; git-http-fetch and git-fetch use them.  You
-	  might also want the "curl" executable for debugging purposes.
-	  If you do not use http transfer, you are probably OK if you
-	  do not have them.
+	- "Perl" is needed to use some of the features (e.g. preparing a
+	  partial commit using "git add -i/-p", interacting with svn
+	  repositories with "git svn").  If you can live without these, use
+	  NO_PERL.
 
-	- expat library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
-	  management over DAV.  Similar to "curl" above, this is optional.
+	- "openssl" library is used by git-imap-send to use IMAP over SSL.
+	  If you don't need it, use NO_OPENSSL.
 
-        - "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
-          history graphically, and in git-gui.
+	  By default, git uses OpenSSL for SHA1 but it will use it's own
+	  library (inspired by Mozilla's) with either NO_OPENSSL or
+	  BLK_SHA1.  Also included is a version optimized for PowerPC
+	  (PPC_SHA1).
 
-	- "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net
+	- "libcurl" library is used by git-http-fetch and git-fetch.  You
+	  might also want the "curl" executable for debugging purposes.
+	  If you do not use http:// or https:// repositories, you do not
+	  have to have them (use NO_CURL).
 
-	- "perl" and POSIX-compliant shells are needed to use most of
-	  the bare-bones Porcelainish scripts.
+	- "expat" library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
+	  management over DAV.  Similar to "curl" above, this is optional
+	  (with NO_EXPAT).
+
+	- "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
+	  history graphically, and in git-gui.  If you don't want gitk or
+	  git-gui, you can use NO_TCLTK.
 
  - Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
    but depending on your specific installation, you may not
@@ -101,6 +115,9 @@ Issues of note:
    Building and installing the info file additionally requires
    makeinfo and docbook2X.  Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
 
+   Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
+   dblatex.  Version 0.2.7 with asciidoc >= 8.2.7 is known to work.
+
    The documentation is written for AsciiDoc 7, but "make
    ASCIIDOC8=YesPlease doc" will let you format with AsciiDoc 8.
 
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 649cfb819..fd7f51e8b 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@ all::
 
 # Define V=1 to have a more verbose compile.
 #
+# Define SHELL_PATH to a POSIX shell if your /bin/sh is broken.
+#
+# Define SANE_TOOL_PATH to a colon-separated list of paths to prepend
+# to PATH if your tools in /usr/bin are broken.
+#
 # Define SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS if your are on a system which snprintf()
 # or vsnprintf() return -1 instead of number of characters which would
 # have been written to the final string if enough space had been available.
@@ -11,7 +16,7 @@ all::
 # when attempting to read from an fopen'ed directory.
 #
 # Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
-# This also implies MOZILLA_SHA1.
+# This also implies BLK_SHA1.
 #
 # Define NO_CURL if you do not have libcurl installed.  git-http-pull and
 # git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
@@ -23,6 +28,9 @@ all::
 # Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
 # not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
 #
+# Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+#
 # Define NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT if you don't have d_ino in your struct dirent.
 #
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
@@ -49,6 +57,12 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_MKDTEMP if you don't have mkdtemp in the C library.
 #
+# Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
+#
+# Define NO_LIBGEN_H if you don't have libgen.h.
+#
+# Define NEEDS_LIBGEN if your libgen needs -lgen when linking
+#
 # Define NO_SYS_SELECT_H if you don't have sys/select.h.
 #
 # Define NO_SYMLINK_HEAD if you never want .git/HEAD to be a symbolic link.
@@ -70,26 +84,30 @@ all::
 # specify your own (or DarwinPort's) include directories and
 # library directories by defining CFLAGS and LDFLAGS appropriately.
 #
+# Define BLK_SHA1 environment variable if you want the C version
+# of the SHA1 that assumes you can do unaligned 32-bit loads and
+# have a fast htonl() function.
+#
 # Define PPC_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
 # a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
 #
-# Define ARM_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for ARM.
-#
-# Define MOZILLA_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine coming from Mozilla. It is GPL'd and should be fast
-# on non-x86 architectures (e.g. PowerPC), while the OpenSSL version (default
-# choice) has very fast version optimized for i586.
+# Define NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL if you need -lcrypto when using -lssl (Darwin).
 #
-# Define NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO if you need -lcrypto with -lssl (Darwin).
+# Define NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO if you need -lssl when using -lcrypto (Darwin).
 #
 # Define NEEDS_LIBICONV if linking with libc is not enough (Darwin).
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
 # Patrick Mauritz).
 #
+# Define NEEDS_RESOLV if linking with -lnsl and/or -lsocket is not enough.
+# Notably on Solaris hstrerror resides in libresolv and on Solaris 7
+# inet_ntop and inet_pton additionally reside there.
+#
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
+# Define NO_PTHREADS if you do not have or do not want to use Pthreads.
+#
 # Define NO_PREAD if you have a problem with pread() system call (e.g.
 # cygwin.dll before v1.5.22).
 #
@@ -121,6 +139,12 @@ all::
 # randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second
 # times (my ext3 doesn't).
 #
+# Define USE_ST_TIMESPEC if your "struct stat" uses "st_ctimespec" instead of
+# "st_ctim"
+#
+# Define NO_NSEC if your "struct stat" does not have "st_ctim.tv_nsec"
+# available.  This automatically turns USE_NSEC off.
+#
 # Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device
 # change being considered an inode change from the update-index perspective.
 #
@@ -129,11 +153,21 @@ all::
 #
 # Define ASCIIDOC8 if you want to format documentation with AsciiDoc 8
 #
-# Define DOCBOOK_XSL_172 if you want to format man pages with DocBook XSL v1.72.
+# Define DOCBOOK_XSL_172 if you want to format man pages with DocBook XSL v1.72
+# (not v1.73 or v1.71).
+#
+# Define ASCIIDOC_NO_ROFF if your DocBook XSL escapes raw roff directives
+# (versions 1.72 and later and 1.68.1 and earlier).
+#
+# Define GNU_ROFF if your target system uses GNU groff.  This forces
+# apostrophes to be ASCII so that cut&pasting examples to the shell
+# will work.
 #
 # Define NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER if you cannot use Makefiles generated by perl's
 # MakeMaker (e.g. using ActiveState under Cygwin).
 #
+# Define NO_PERL if you do not want Perl scripts or libraries at all.
+#
 # Define NO_TCLTK if you do not want Tcl/Tk GUI.
 #
 # The TCL_PATH variable governs the location of the Tcl interpreter
@@ -154,6 +188,37 @@ all::
 # Define NO_EXTERNAL_GREP if you don't want "git grep" to ever call
 # your external grep (e.g., if your system lacks grep, if its grep is
 # broken, or spawning external process is slower than built-in grep git has).
+#
+# Define UNRELIABLE_FSTAT if your system's fstat does not return the same
+# information on a not yet closed file that lstat would return for the same
+# file after it was closed.
+#
+# Define OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES if your operating systems has problems
+# when hardlinking a file to another name and unlinking the original file right
+# away (some NTFS drivers seem to zero the contents in that scenario).
+#
+# Define NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS if you plan to distribute the installed
+# programs as a tar, where bin/ and libexec/ might be on different file systems.
+#
+# Define USE_NED_ALLOCATOR if you want to replace the platforms default
+# memory allocators with the nedmalloc allocator written by Niall Douglas.
+#
+# Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
+#
+# Define JSMIN to point to JavaScript minifier that functions as
+# a filter to have gitweb.js minified.
+#
+# Define DEFAULT_PAGER to a sensible pager command (defaults to "less") if
+# you want to use something different.  The value will be interpreted by the
+# shell at runtime when it is used.
+#
+# Define DEFAULT_EDITOR to a sensible editor command (defaults to "vi") if you
+# want to use something different.  The value will be interpreted by the shell
+# if necessary when it is used.  Examples:
+#
+#   DEFAULT_EDITOR='~/bin/vi',
+#   DEFAULT_EDITOR='$GIT_FALLBACK_EDITOR',
+#   DEFAULT_EDITOR='"C:\Program Files\Vim\gvim.exe" --nofork'
 
 GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -164,6 +229,13 @@ uname_M := $(shell sh -c 'uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo not')
 uname_O := $(shell sh -c 'uname -o 2>/dev/null || echo not')
 uname_R := $(shell sh -c 'uname -r 2>/dev/null || echo not')
 uname_P := $(shell sh -c 'uname -p 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_V := $(shell sh -c 'uname -v 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+
+ifdef MSVC
+	# avoid the MingW and Cygwin configuration sections
+	uname_S := Windows
+	uname_O := Windows
+endif
 
 # CFLAGS and LDFLAGS are for the users to override from the command line.
 
@@ -176,29 +248,37 @@ STRIP ?= strip
 # Among the variables below, these:
 #   gitexecdir
 #   template_dir
+#   mandir
+#   infodir
 #   htmldir
 #   ETC_GITCONFIG (but not sysconfdir)
-# can be specified as a relative path ../some/where/else (which must begin
-# with ../); this is interpreted as relative to $(bindir) and "git" at
+# can be specified as a relative path some/where/else;
+# this is interpreted as relative to $(prefix) and "git" at
 # runtime figures out where they are based on the path to the executable.
 # This can help installing the suite in a relocatable way.
 
 prefix = $(HOME)
-bindir = $(prefix)/bin
-mandir = $(prefix)/share/man
-infodir = $(prefix)/share/info
-gitexecdir = $(prefix)/libexec/git-core
+bindir_relative = bin
+bindir = $(prefix)/$(bindir_relative)
+mandir = share/man
+infodir = share/info
+gitexecdir = libexec/git-core
 sharedir = $(prefix)/share
-template_dir = $(sharedir)/git-core/templates
-htmldir=$(sharedir)/doc/git-doc
+template_dir = share/git-core/templates
+htmldir = share/doc/git-doc
 ifeq ($(prefix),/usr)
 sysconfdir = /etc
+ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
 else
 sysconfdir = $(prefix)/etc
+ETC_GITCONFIG = etc/gitconfig
 endif
 lib = lib
-ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
 # DESTDIR=
+pathsep = :
+
+# JavaScript minifier invocation that can function as filter
+JSMIN =
 
 # default configuration for gitweb
 GITWEB_CONFIG = gitweb_config.perl
@@ -215,10 +295,15 @@ GITWEB_HOMETEXT = indextext.html
 GITWEB_CSS = gitweb.css
 GITWEB_LOGO = git-logo.png
 GITWEB_FAVICON = git-favicon.png
+ifdef JSMIN
+GITWEB_JS = gitweb.min.js
+else
+GITWEB_JS = gitweb.js
+endif
 GITWEB_SITE_HEADER =
 GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER =
 
-export prefix bindir sharedir htmldir sysconfdir
+export prefix bindir sharedir sysconfdir
 
 CC = gcc
 AR = ar
@@ -247,14 +332,29 @@ SPARSE_FLAGS = -D__BIG_ENDIAN__ -D__powerpc__
 BASIC_CFLAGS =
 BASIC_LDFLAGS =
 
+# Guard against environment variables
+BUILTIN_OBJS =
+BUILT_INS =
+COMPAT_CFLAGS =
+COMPAT_OBJS =
+LIB_H =
+LIB_OBJS =
+PROGRAMS =
+SCRIPT_PERL =
+SCRIPT_SH =
+TEST_PROGRAMS =
+
 SCRIPT_SH += git-am.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-bisect.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-difftool--helper.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-filter-branch.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-lost-found.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-octopus.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-one-file.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-merge-resolve.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-mergetool.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-mergetool--lib.sh
+SCRIPT_SH += git-notes.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-parse-remote.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-pull.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-quiltimport.sh
@@ -268,6 +368,7 @@ SCRIPT_SH += git-submodule.sh
 SCRIPT_SH += git-web--browse.sh
 
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-add--interactive.perl
+SCRIPT_PERL += git-difftool.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-archimport.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsexportcommit.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -286,29 +387,27 @@ EXTRA_PROGRAMS =
 # ... and all the rest that could be moved out of bindir to gitexecdir
 PROGRAMS += $(EXTRA_PROGRAMS)
 PROGRAMS += git-fast-import$X
-PROGRAMS += git-fetch-pack$X
 PROGRAMS += git-hash-object$X
+PROGRAMS += git-imap-send$X
 PROGRAMS += git-index-pack$X
 PROGRAMS += git-merge-index$X
 PROGRAMS += git-merge-tree$X
 PROGRAMS += git-mktag$X
-PROGRAMS += git-mktree$X
 PROGRAMS += git-pack-redundant$X
 PROGRAMS += git-patch-id$X
-PROGRAMS += git-send-pack$X
 PROGRAMS += git-shell$X
 PROGRAMS += git-show-index$X
 PROGRAMS += git-unpack-file$X
-PROGRAMS += git-update-server-info$X
 PROGRAMS += git-upload-pack$X
 PROGRAMS += git-var$X
+PROGRAMS += git-http-backend$X
 
 # List built-in command $C whose implementation cmd_$C() is not in
 # builtin-$C.o but is linked in as part of some other command.
 BUILT_INS += $(patsubst builtin-%.o,git-%$X,$(BUILTIN_OBJS))
 
-BUILT_INS += git-cherry-pick$X
 BUILT_INS += git-cherry$X
+BUILT_INS += git-cherry-pick$X
 BUILT_INS += git-format-patch$X
 BUILT_INS += git-fsck-objects$X
 BUILT_INS += git-get-tar-commit-id$X
@@ -317,14 +416,16 @@ BUILT_INS += git-merge-subtree$X
 BUILT_INS += git-peek-remote$X
 BUILT_INS += git-repo-config$X
 BUILT_INS += git-show$X
+BUILT_INS += git-stage$X
 BUILT_INS += git-status$X
 BUILT_INS += git-whatchanged$X
 
-# what 'all' will build and 'install' will install, in gitexecdir
+# what 'all' will build and 'install' will install in gitexecdir,
+# excluding programs for built-in commands
 ALL_PROGRAMS = $(PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPTS)
 
 # what 'all' will build but not install in gitexecdir
-OTHER_PROGRAMS = git$X gitweb/gitweb.cgi
+OTHER_PROGRAMS = git$X
 
 # Set paths to tools early so that they can be used for version tests.
 ifndef SHELL_PATH
@@ -339,6 +440,7 @@ export PERL_PATH
 LIB_FILE=libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB=xdiff/lib.a
 
+LIB_H += advice.h
 LIB_H += archive.h
 LIB_H += attr.h
 LIB_H += blob.h
@@ -346,8 +448,9 @@ LIB_H += builtin.h
 LIB_H += cache.h
 LIB_H += cache-tree.h
 LIB_H += commit.h
-LIB_H += compat/mingw.h
+LIB_H += compat/bswap.h
 LIB_H += compat/cygwin.h
+LIB_H += compat/mingw.h
 LIB_H += csum-file.h
 LIB_H += decorate.h
 LIB_H += delta.h
@@ -366,13 +469,13 @@ LIB_H += ll-merge.h
 LIB_H += log-tree.h
 LIB_H += mailmap.h
 LIB_H += merge-recursive.h
+LIB_H += notes.h
 LIB_H += object.h
 LIB_H += pack.h
 LIB_H += pack-refs.h
 LIB_H += pack-revindex.h
 LIB_H += parse-options.h
 LIB_H += patch-ids.h
-LIB_H += string-list.h
 LIB_H += pkt-line.h
 LIB_H += progress.h
 LIB_H += quote.h
@@ -384,7 +487,10 @@ LIB_H += revision.h
 LIB_H += run-command.h
 LIB_H += sha1-lookup.h
 LIB_H += sideband.h
+LIB_H += sigchain.h
 LIB_H += strbuf.h
+LIB_H += string-list.h
+LIB_H += submodule.h
 LIB_H += tag.h
 LIB_H += transport.h
 LIB_H += tree.h
@@ -395,6 +501,7 @@ LIB_H += utf8.h
 LIB_H += wt-status.h
 
 LIB_OBJS += abspath.o
+LIB_OBJS += advice.o
 LIB_OBJS += alias.o
 LIB_OBJS += alloc.o
 LIB_OBJS += archive.o
@@ -402,6 +509,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += archive-tar.o
 LIB_OBJS += archive-zip.o
 LIB_OBJS += attr.o
 LIB_OBJS += base85.o
+LIB_OBJS += bisect.o
 LIB_OBJS += blob.o
 LIB_OBJS += branch.o
 LIB_OBJS += bundle.o
@@ -423,8 +531,8 @@ LIB_OBJS += diffcore-order.o
 LIB_OBJS += diffcore-pickaxe.o
 LIB_OBJS += diffcore-rename.o
 LIB_OBJS += diff-delta.o
-LIB_OBJS += diff-no-index.o
 LIB_OBJS += diff-lib.o
+LIB_OBJS += diff-no-index.o
 LIB_OBJS += diff.o
 LIB_OBJS += dir.o
 LIB_OBJS += editor.o
@@ -447,6 +555,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += match-trees.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge-file.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge-recursive.o
 LIB_OBJS += name-hash.o
+LIB_OBJS += notes.o
 LIB_OBJS += object.o
 LIB_OBJS += pack-check.o
 LIB_OBJS += pack-refs.o
@@ -456,9 +565,9 @@ LIB_OBJS += pager.o
 LIB_OBJS += parse-options.o
 LIB_OBJS += patch-delta.o
 LIB_OBJS += patch-ids.o
-LIB_OBJS += string-list.o
 LIB_OBJS += path.o
 LIB_OBJS += pkt-line.o
+LIB_OBJS += preload-index.o
 LIB_OBJS += pretty.o
 LIB_OBJS += progress.o
 LIB_OBJS += quote.o
@@ -467,27 +576,32 @@ LIB_OBJS += read-cache.o
 LIB_OBJS += reflog-walk.o
 LIB_OBJS += refs.o
 LIB_OBJS += remote.o
+LIB_OBJS += replace_object.o
 LIB_OBJS += rerere.o
 LIB_OBJS += revision.o
 LIB_OBJS += run-command.o
 LIB_OBJS += server-info.o
 LIB_OBJS += setup.o
-LIB_OBJS += sha1_file.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1-lookup.o
+LIB_OBJS += sha1_file.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1_name.o
 LIB_OBJS += shallow.o
 LIB_OBJS += sideband.o
+LIB_OBJS += sigchain.o
 LIB_OBJS += strbuf.o
+LIB_OBJS += string-list.o
+LIB_OBJS += submodule.o
 LIB_OBJS += symlinks.o
 LIB_OBJS += tag.o
 LIB_OBJS += trace.o
 LIB_OBJS += transport.o
+LIB_OBJS += transport-helper.o
 LIB_OBJS += tree-diff.o
 LIB_OBJS += tree.o
 LIB_OBJS += tree-walk.o
 LIB_OBJS += unpack-trees.o
-LIB_OBJS += userdiff.o
 LIB_OBJS += usage.o
+LIB_OBJS += userdiff.o
 LIB_OBJS += utf8.o
 LIB_OBJS += walker.o
 LIB_OBJS += wrapper.o
@@ -495,12 +609,12 @@ LIB_OBJS += write_or_die.o
 LIB_OBJS += ws.o
 LIB_OBJS += wt-status.o
 LIB_OBJS += xdiff-interface.o
-LIB_OBJS += preload-index.o
 
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-add.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-annotate.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-apply.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-archive.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-bisect--helper.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-blame.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-branch.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-bundle.o
@@ -521,7 +635,6 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-diff-index.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-diff-tree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-diff.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fast-export.o
-BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fetch--tool.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fetch-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fetch.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-fmt-merge-msg.o
@@ -542,6 +655,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-base.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-file.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-ours.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-merge-recursive.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-mktree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-mv.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-name-rev.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-pack-objects.o
@@ -553,6 +667,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-read-tree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-receive-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-reflog.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-remote.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-replace.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-rerere.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-reset.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-rev-list.o
@@ -570,6 +685,7 @@ BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-tar-tree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-unpack-objects.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-update-index.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-update-ref.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-update-server-info.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-upload-archive.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-verify-pack.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-verify-tag.o
@@ -588,10 +704,12 @@ EXTLIBS =
 
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Linux)
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU/kFreeBSD)
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
@@ -603,6 +721,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
 	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
@@ -626,6 +745,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
 	SHELL_PATH = /usr/bin/bash
 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
@@ -634,23 +754,41 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
 	TAR = gtar
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	ifneq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '9\.'),2)
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15678]\.'),2)
 		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
 	endif
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	endif
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
 	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
 	SHELL_PATH = /bin/bash
+	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/xpg6/bin:/usr/xpg4/bin
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_EXTERNAL_GREP = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.7)
+		NEEDS_RESOLV = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	endif
 	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.8)
 		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
@@ -663,33 +801,39 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
 		NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	endif
-	INSTALL = ginstall
+	INSTALL = /usr/ucb/install
 	TAR = gtar
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__ -D__sun__ -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
 	NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
 	NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE = UnfortunatelyYes
 	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	# There are conflicting reports about this.
 	# On some boxes NO_MMAP is needed, and not so elsewhere.
 	# Try commenting this out if you suspect MMAP is more efficient
 	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	X = .exe
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
 	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
 	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '4\.'),2)
 		PTHREAD_LIBS = -pthread
@@ -700,6 +844,7 @@ endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
@@ -712,38 +857,77 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/pkg/include
 	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)/usr/pkg/lib
 	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),AIX)
 	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
 	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
 	INTERNAL_QSORT = UnfortunatelyYes
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV=YesPlease
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_LARGE_FILES
+	ifneq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V)" : '[1234]'),1)
+		THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+	else
+		NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+	endif
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU)
 	# GNU/Hurd
 	NO_STRLCPY=YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX)
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
+	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
+	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
+	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
+	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
+	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_EXTERNAL_GREP = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX64)
-	NO_IPV6=YesPlease
 	NO_SETENV=YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE=YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
+	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
+	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
+	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
+	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
+	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_EXTERNAL_GREP = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 	SHELL_PATH=/usr/gnu/bin/bash
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPATH_MAX=1024
-	# for now, build 32-bit version
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/lib32
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
 	NO_IPV6=YesPlease
 	NO_SETENV=YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
 	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
@@ -751,16 +935,66 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
 	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = YesPlease
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 endif
-ifneq (,$(findstring CYGWIN,$(uname_S)))
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Windows)
+	GIT_VERSION := $(GIT_VERSION).MSVC
+	pathsep = ;
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
+	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	# NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
+	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	# USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
+
+	CC = compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
+	AR = compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
+	CFLAGS =
+	BASIC_CFLAGS = -nologo -I. -I../zlib -Icompat/vcbuild -Icompat/vcbuild/include -DWIN32 -D_CONSOLE -DHAVE_STRING_H -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS -D_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+	COMPAT_OBJS = compat/msvc.o compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o compat/winansi.o
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS = -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -DHAVE_STRING_H -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -Icompat -Icompat/fnmatch -Icompat/regex -Icompat/fnmatch -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS = -IGNORE:4217 -IGNORE:4049 -NOLOGO -SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE -NODEFAULTLIB:MSVCRT.lib
+	EXTLIBS = advapi32.lib shell32.lib wininet.lib ws2_32.lib
+	lib =
+ifndef DEBUG
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -GL -Os -MT
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -LTCG
+	AR += -LTCG
+else
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Zi -MTd
+endif
+	X = .exe
 endif
 ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	pathsep = ;
 	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-	NO_OPENSSL = YesPlease
-	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
 	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
@@ -771,28 +1005,50 @@ ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
 	NO_C99_FORMAT = YesPlease
 	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
 	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
 	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
 	NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS = YesPlease
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/regex -Icompat/fnmatch
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR=1
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/fnmatch
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o compat/regex/regex.o compat/winansi.o
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o compat/winansi.o
 	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
 	X = .exe
-	gitexecdir = ../libexec/git-core
-	template_dir = ../share/git-core/templates/
-	ETC_GITCONFIG = ../etc/gitconfig
+ifneq (,$(wildcard ../THIS_IS_MSYSGIT))
+	htmldir=doc/git/html/
+	prefix =
+	INSTALL = /bin/install
+	EXTLIBS += /mingw/lib/libz.a
+	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
+	INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
+else
+	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
 endif
-ifneq (,$(findstring arm,$(uname_M)))
-	ARM_SHA1 = YesPlease
 endif
 
 -include config.mak.autogen
 -include config.mak
 
+ifdef SANE_TOOL_PATH
+SANE_TOOL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SANE_TOOL_PATH))
+BROKEN_PATH_FIX = 's|^\# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@$$|git_broken_path_fix $(SANE_TOOL_PATH_SQ)|'
+PATH := $(SANE_TOOL_PATH):${PATH}
+else
+BROKEN_PATH_FIX = '/^\# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@$$/d'
+endif
+
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 	ifndef NO_FINK
 		ifeq ($(shell test -d /sw/lib && echo y),y)
@@ -806,6 +1062,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 			BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/opt/local/lib
 		endif
 	endif
+	PTHREAD_LIBS =
 endif
 
 ifndef CC_LD_DYNPATH
@@ -818,6 +1075,11 @@ ifndef CC_LD_DYNPATH
 	endif
 endif
 
+ifdef NO_LIBGEN_H
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_LIBGEN_H
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/basename.o
+endif
+
 ifdef NO_CURL
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_CURL
 else
@@ -828,9 +1090,7 @@ else
 	else
 		CURL_LIBCURL = -lcurl
 	endif
-	BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin-http-fetch.o
-	EXTLIBS += $(CURL_LIBCURL)
-	LIB_OBJS += http.o http-walker.o
+	PROGRAMS += git-remote-curl$X git-http-fetch$X
 	curl_check := $(shell (echo 070908; curl-config --vernum) | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
 	ifeq "$(curl_check)" "070908"
 		ifndef NO_EXPAT
@@ -838,7 +1098,12 @@ else
 		endif
 	endif
 	ifndef NO_EXPAT
-		EXPAT_LIBEXPAT = -lexpat
+		ifdef EXPATDIR
+			BASIC_CFLAGS += -I$(EXPATDIR)/include
+			EXPAT_LIBEXPAT = -L$(EXPATDIR)/$(lib) $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)$(EXPATDIR)/$(lib) -lexpat
+		else
+			EXPAT_LIBEXPAT = -lexpat
+		endif
 	endif
 endif
 
@@ -850,7 +1115,6 @@ EXTLIBS += -lz
 
 ifndef NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS
 	PROGRAMS += git-daemon$X
-	PROGRAMS += git-imap-send$X
 endif
 ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 	OPENSSL_LIBSSL = -lssl
@@ -860,9 +1124,12 @@ ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 	else
 		OPENSSL_LINK =
 	endif
+	ifdef NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL
+		OPENSSL_LINK += -lcrypto
+	endif
 else
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_OPENSSL
-	MOZILLA_SHA1 = 1
+	BLK_SHA1 = 1
 	OPENSSL_LIBSSL =
 endif
 ifdef NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO
@@ -879,12 +1146,18 @@ ifdef NEEDS_LIBICONV
 	endif
 	EXTLIBS += $(ICONV_LINK) -liconv
 endif
+ifdef NEEDS_LIBGEN
+	EXTLIBS += -lgen
+endif
 ifdef NEEDS_SOCKET
 	EXTLIBS += -lsocket
 endif
 ifdef NEEDS_NSL
 	EXTLIBS += -lnsl
 endif
+ifdef NEEDS_RESOLV
+	EXTLIBS += -lresolv
+endif
 ifdef NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT
 endif
@@ -894,6 +1167,15 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
 endif
+ifdef USE_NSEC
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_NSEC
+endif
+ifdef USE_ST_TIMESPEC
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUSE_ST_TIMESPEC
+endif
+ifdef NO_NSEC
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_NSEC
+endif
 ifdef NO_C99_FORMAT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_C99_FORMAT
 endif
@@ -931,6 +1213,10 @@ ifdef NO_MKDTEMP
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MKDTEMP
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mkdtemp.o
 endif
+ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MKSTEMPS
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mkstemps.o
+endif
 ifdef NO_UNSETENV
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNSETENV
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/unsetenv.o
@@ -941,6 +1227,14 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_MMAP
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MMAP
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mmap.o
+else
+	ifdef USE_WIN32_MMAP
+		COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DUSE_WIN32_MMAP
+		COMPAT_OBJS += compat/win32mmap.o
+	endif
+endif
+ifdef OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DOBJECT_CREATION_MODE=1
 endif
 ifdef NO_PREAD
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_PREAD
@@ -984,23 +1278,18 @@ ifdef NO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 endif
 
+ifdef BLK_SHA1
+	SHA1_HEADER = "block-sha1/sha1.h"
+	LIB_OBJS += block-sha1/sha1.o
+else
 ifdef PPC_SHA1
 	SHA1_HEADER = "ppc/sha1.h"
 	LIB_OBJS += ppc/sha1.o ppc/sha1ppc.o
 else
-ifdef ARM_SHA1
-	SHA1_HEADER = "arm/sha1.h"
-	LIB_OBJS += arm/sha1.o arm/sha1_arm.o
-else
-ifdef MOZILLA_SHA1
-	SHA1_HEADER = "mozilla-sha1/sha1.h"
-	LIB_OBJS += mozilla-sha1/sha1.o
-else
 	SHA1_HEADER = <openssl/sha.h>
 	EXTLIBS += $(LIB_4_CRYPTO)
 endif
 endif
-endif
 ifdef NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
 	export NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
 endif
@@ -1016,10 +1305,19 @@ ifdef INTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DINTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/qsort.o
 endif
+ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DRUNTIME_PREFIX
+endif
+
+ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH =
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_PTHREADS
+else
+	EXTLIBS += $(PTHREAD_LIBS)
+endif
 
 ifdef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DTHREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
-	EXTLIBS += $(PTHREAD_LIBS)
 	LIB_OBJS += thread-utils.o
 endif
 ifdef DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS
@@ -1028,11 +1326,27 @@ endif
 ifdef NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_EXTERNAL_GREP
 endif
+ifdef UNRELIABLE_FSTAT
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DUNRELIABLE_FSTAT
+endif
+ifdef NO_REGEX
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/regex
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/regex/regex.o
+endif
+
+ifdef USE_NED_ALLOCATOR
+       COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DUSE_NED_ALLOCATOR -DOVERRIDE_STRDUP -DNDEBUG -DREPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR -Icompat/nedmalloc
+       COMPAT_OBJS += compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.o
+endif
 
 ifeq ($(TCLTK_PATH),)
 NO_TCLTK=NoThanks
 endif
 
+ifeq ($(PERL_PATH),)
+NO_PERL=NoThanks
+endif
+
 QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
 QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
 
@@ -1049,6 +1363,7 @@ ifndef V
 	QUIET_LINK     = @echo '   ' LINK $@;
 	QUIET_BUILT_IN = @echo '   ' BUILTIN $@;
 	QUIET_GEN      = @echo '   ' GEN $@;
+	QUIET_LNCP     = @echo '   ' LN/CP $@;
 	QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +@subdir=
 	QUIET_SUBDIR1  = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo '   ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
 			 $(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir
@@ -1069,6 +1384,7 @@ ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(ETC_GITCONFIG))
 
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
+bindir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir_relative))
 mandir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir))
 infodir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(infodir))
 gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
@@ -1086,6 +1402,22 @@ BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHA1_HEADER='$(SHA1_HEADER_SQ)' \
 	$(COMPAT_CFLAGS)
 LIB_OBJS += $(COMPAT_OBJS)
 
+# Quote for C
+
+ifdef DEFAULT_EDITOR
+DEFAULT_EDITOR_CQ = "$(subst ",\",$(subst \,\\,$(DEFAULT_EDITOR)))"
+DEFAULT_EDITOR_CQ_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DEFAULT_EDITOR_CQ))
+
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -DDEFAULT_EDITOR='$(DEFAULT_EDITOR_CQ_SQ)'
+endif
+
+ifdef DEFAULT_PAGER
+DEFAULT_PAGER_CQ = "$(subst ",\",$(subst \,\\,$(DEFAULT_PAGER)))"
+DEFAULT_PAGER_CQ_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DEFAULT_PAGER_CQ))
+
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -DDEFAULT_PAGER='$(DEFAULT_PAGER_CQ_SQ)'
+endif
+
 ALL_CFLAGS += $(BASIC_CFLAGS)
 ALL_LDFLAGS += $(BASIC_LDFLAGS)
 
@@ -1098,7 +1430,7 @@ SHELL = $(SHELL_PATH)
 
 all:: shell_compatibility_test $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) $(OTHER_PROGRAMS) GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 ifneq (,$X)
-	$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), test '$p' -ef '$p$X' || $(RM) '$p';)
+	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), test -d '$p' -o '$p' -ef '$p$X' || $(RM) '$p';)
 endif
 
 all::
@@ -1106,7 +1438,9 @@ ifndef NO_TCLTK
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)git-gui $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) gitexecdir='$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' all
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitk-git $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) all
 endif
+ifndef NO_PERL
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' all
+endif
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)templates $(QUIET_SUBDIR1)
 
 please_set_SHELL_PATH_to_a_more_modern_shell:
@@ -1119,7 +1453,8 @@ strip: $(PROGRAMS) git$X
 
 git.o: git.c common-cmds.h GIT-CFLAGS
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -DGIT_VERSION='"$(GIT_VERSION)"' \
-		$(ALL_CFLAGS) -c $(filter %.c,$^)
+		'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
+		$(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ -c $(filter %.c,$^)
 
 git$X: git.o $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ git.o \
@@ -1146,13 +1481,14 @@ $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) : % : %.sh
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e 's|@SHELL_PATH@|$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
-	    -e 's|@@PERL@@|$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|g' \
 	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
 	    -e 's/@@NO_CURL@@/$(NO_CURL)/g' \
+	    -e $(BROKEN_PATH_FIX) \
 	    $@.sh >$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
+ifndef NO_PERL
 $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): perl/perl.mak
 
 perl/perl.mak: GIT-CFLAGS perl/Makefile perl/Makefile.PL
@@ -1164,7 +1500,7 @@ $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): % : %.perl
 	sed -e '1{' \
 	    -e '	s|#!.*perl|#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e '	h' \
-	    -e '	s=.*=use lib (split(/:/, $$ENV{GITPERLLIB} || "@@INSTLIBDIR@@"));=' \
+	    -e '	s=.*=use lib (split(/$(pathsep)/, $$ENV{GITPERLLIB} || "@@INSTLIBDIR@@"));=' \
 	    -e '	H' \
 	    -e '	x' \
 	    -e '}' \
@@ -1174,7 +1510,13 @@ $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): % : %.perl
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
+ifdef JSMIN
+OTHER_PROGRAMS += gitweb/gitweb.cgi   gitweb/gitweb.min.js
+gitweb/gitweb.cgi: gitweb/gitweb.perl gitweb/gitweb.min.js
+else
+OTHER_PROGRAMS += gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 gitweb/gitweb.cgi: gitweb/gitweb.perl
+endif
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*perl|#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e 's|++GIT_VERSION++|$(GIT_VERSION)|g' \
@@ -1193,13 +1535,14 @@ gitweb/gitweb.cgi: gitweb/gitweb.perl
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_CSS++|$(GITWEB_CSS)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_LOGO++|$(GITWEB_LOGO)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_FAVICON++|$(GITWEB_FAVICON)|g' \
+	    -e 's|++GITWEB_JS++|$(GITWEB_JS)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_SITE_HEADER++|$(GITWEB_SITE_HEADER)|g' \
 	    -e 's|++GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER++|$(GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER)|g' \
 	    $< >$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb/gitweb.cgi gitweb/gitweb.css
+git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb/gitweb.cgi gitweb/gitweb.css gitweb/gitweb.js
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
 	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
@@ -1208,10 +1551,26 @@ git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb/gitweb.cgi gitweb/gitweb.css
 	    -e '/@@GITWEB_CGI@@/d' \
 	    -e '/@@GITWEB_CSS@@/r gitweb/gitweb.css' \
 	    -e '/@@GITWEB_CSS@@/d' \
+	    -e '/@@GITWEB_JS@@/r gitweb/gitweb.js' \
+	    -e '/@@GITWEB_JS@@/d' \
 	    -e 's|@@PERL@@|$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|g' \
 	    $@.sh > $@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
+else # NO_PERL
+$(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) git-instaweb: % : unimplemented.sh
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
+	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
+	    -e 's|@@REASON@@|NO_PERL=$(NO_PERL)|g' \
+	    unimplemented.sh >$@+ && \
+	chmod +x $@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
+endif # NO_PERL
+
+ifdef JSMIN
+gitweb/gitweb.min.js: gitweb/gitweb.js
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(JSMIN) <$< >$@
+endif # JSMIN
 
 configure: configure.ac
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $<+ && \
@@ -1234,7 +1593,12 @@ git.o git.spec \
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $<
 
 exec_cmd.o: exec_cmd.c GIT-CFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) '-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' $<
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) \
+		'-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' \
+		'-DBINDIR="$(bindir_relative_SQ)"' \
+		'-DPREFIX="$(prefix_SQ)"' \
+		$<
+
 builtin-init-db.o: builtin-init-db.c GIT-CFLAGS
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) -DDEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR='"$(template_dir_SQ)"' $<
 
@@ -1256,21 +1620,30 @@ git-imap-send$X: imap-send.o $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
 		$(LIBS) $(OPENSSL_LINK) $(OPENSSL_LIBSSL)
 
-http.o http-walker.o http-push.o transport.o: http.h
+http.o http-walker.o http-push.o: http.h
+
+http.o http-walker.o: $(LIB_H)
 
+git-http-fetch$X: revision.o http.o http-walker.o http-fetch.o $(GITLIBS)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
+		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL)
 git-http-push$X: revision.o http.o http-push.o $(GITLIBS)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
 		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT)
 
+git-remote-curl$X: remote-curl.o http.o http-walker.o $(GITLIBS)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
+		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT)
+
 $(LIB_OBJS) $(BUILTIN_OBJS): $(LIB_H)
-$(patsubst git-%$X,%.o,$(PROGRAMS)): $(LIB_H) $(wildcard */*.h)
+$(patsubst git-%$X,%.o,$(PROGRAMS)) git.o: $(LIB_H) $(wildcard */*.h)
 builtin-revert.o wt-status.o: wt-status.h
 
 $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
 	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $(LIB_OBJS)
 
 XDIFF_OBJS=xdiff/xdiffi.o xdiff/xprepare.o xdiff/xutils.o xdiff/xemit.o \
-	xdiff/xmerge.o
+	xdiff/xmerge.o xdiff/xpatience.o
 $(XDIFF_OBJS): xdiff/xinclude.h xdiff/xmacros.h xdiff/xdiff.h xdiff/xtypes.h \
 	xdiff/xutils.h xdiff/xprepare.h xdiff/xdiffi.h xdiff/xemit.h
 
@@ -1290,6 +1663,9 @@ html:
 info:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation info
 
+pdf:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation pdf
+
 TAGS:
 	$(RM) TAGS
 	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs etags -a
@@ -1318,7 +1694,10 @@ GIT-CFLAGS: .FORCE-GIT-CFLAGS
 # and the first level quoting from the shell that runs "echo".
 GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS: .FORCE-GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 	@echo SHELL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH_SQ))'\' >$@
+	@echo PERL_PATH=\''$(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH_SQ))'\' >>$@
 	@echo TAR=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(TAR)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo NO_CURL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_CURL)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo NO_PERL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PERL)))'\' >>$@
 
 ### Detect Tck/Tk interpreter path changes
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
@@ -1336,7 +1715,17 @@ endif
 
 ### Testing rules
 
-TEST_PROGRAMS = test-chmtime$X test-genrandom$X test-date$X test-delta$X test-sha1$X test-match-trees$X test-parse-options$X test-path-utils$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-chmtime$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-ctype$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-date$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-delta$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-dump-cache-tree$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-genrandom$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-match-trees$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-parse-options$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-path-utils$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-sha1$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-sigchain$X
 
 all:: $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
 
@@ -1349,12 +1738,16 @@ export NO_SVN_TESTS
 test: all
 	$(MAKE) -C t/ all
 
+test-ctype$X: ctype.o
+
 test-date$X: date.o ctype.o
 
 test-delta$X: diff-delta.o patch-delta.o
 
 test-parse-options$X: parse-options.o
 
+test-parse-options.o: parse-options.h
+
 .PRECIOUS: $(patsubst test-%$X,test-%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS))
 
 test-%$X: test-%.o $(GITLIBS)
@@ -1380,17 +1773,17 @@ remove-dashes:
 
 ### Installation rules
 
-ifeq ($(firstword $(subst /, ,$(template_dir))),..)
-template_instdir = $(bindir)/$(template_dir)
-else
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(template_dir))),)
 template_instdir = $(template_dir)
+else
+template_instdir = $(prefix)/$(template_dir)
 endif
 export template_instdir
 
-ifeq ($(firstword $(subst /, ,$(gitexecdir))),..)
-gitexec_instdir = $(bindir)/$(gitexecdir)
-else
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(gitexecdir))),)
 gitexec_instdir = $(gitexecdir)
+else
+gitexec_instdir = $(prefix)/$(gitexecdir)
 endif
 gitexec_instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexec_instdir))
 export gitexec_instdir
@@ -1401,23 +1794,29 @@ install: all
 	$(INSTALL) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)'
 	$(INSTALL) git$X git-upload-pack$X git-receive-pack$X git-upload-archive$X git-shell$X git-cvsserver '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'
 	$(MAKE) -C templates DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR_SQ)' install
+ifndef NO_PERL
 	$(MAKE) -C perl prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR_SQ)' install
+endif
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
 	$(MAKE) -C gitk-git install
 	$(MAKE) -C git-gui gitexecdir='$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' install
 endif
 ifneq (,$X)
-	$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), $(RM) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)/$p';)
+	$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), test '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)/$p' -ef '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)/$p$X' || $(RM) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)/$p';)
 endif
 	bindir=$$(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)' && pwd) && \
 	execdir=$$(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(gitexec_instdir_SQ)' && pwd) && \
-	{ $(RM) "$$execdir/git-add$X" && \
-		ln git-add$X "$$execdir/git-add$X" 2>/dev/null || \
-		cp git-add$X "$$execdir/git-add$X"; } && \
-	{ $(foreach p,$(filter-out git-add$X,$(BUILT_INS)), $(RM) "$$execdir/$p" && \
-		ln "$$execdir/git-add$X" "$$execdir/$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		ln -s "git-add$X" "$$execdir/$p" 2>/dev/null || \
-		cp "$$execdir/git-add$X" "$$execdir/$p" || exit;) } && \
+	{ test "$$bindir/" = "$$execdir/" || \
+		{ $(RM) "$$execdir/git$X" && \
+		test -z "$(NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS)" && \
+		ln "$$bindir/git$X" "$$execdir/git$X" 2>/dev/null || \
+		cp "$$bindir/git$X" "$$execdir/git$X"; } ; } && \
+	{ for p in $(BUILT_INS); do \
+		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
+		ln "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		ln -s "git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
+		cp "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
+	  done; } && \
 	./check_bindir "z$$bindir" "z$$execdir" "$$bindir/git-add$X"
 
 install-doc:
@@ -1432,6 +1831,9 @@ install-html:
 install-info:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-info
 
+install-pdf:
+	$(MAKE) -C Documentation install-pdf
+
 quick-install-doc:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation quick-install
 
@@ -1466,7 +1868,10 @@ dist: git.spec git-archive$(X) configure
 	gzip -f -9 $(GIT_TARNAME).tar
 
 rpm: dist
-	$(RPMBUILD) -ta $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz
+	$(RPMBUILD) \
+		--define "_source_filedigest_algorithm md5" \
+		--define "_binary_filedigest_algorithm md5" \
+		-ta $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz
 
 htmldocs = git-htmldocs-$(GIT_VERSION)
 manpages = git-manpages-$(GIT_VERSION)
@@ -1494,7 +1899,7 @@ distclean: clean
 	$(RM) configure
 
 clean:
-	$(RM) *.o mozilla-sha1/*.o arm/*.o ppc/*.o compat/*.o xdiff/*.o \
+	$(RM) *.o block-sha1/*.o ppc/*.o compat/*.o compat/*/*.o xdiff/*.o \
 		$(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
@@ -1504,9 +1909,11 @@ clean:
 	$(RM) -r $(GIT_TARNAME) .doc-tmp-dir
 	$(RM) $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz git-core_$(GIT_VERSION)-*.tar.gz
 	$(RM) $(htmldocs).tar.gz $(manpages).tar.gz
-	$(RM) gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation/ clean
+ifndef NO_PERL
+	$(RM) gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 	$(MAKE) -C perl clean
+endif
 	$(MAKE) -C templates/ clean
 	$(MAKE) -C t/ clean
 ifndef NO_TCLTK
@@ -1579,3 +1986,27 @@ check-docs::
 check-builtins::
 	./check-builtins.sh
 
+### Test suite coverage testing
+#
+.PHONY: coverage coverage-clean coverage-build coverage-report
+
+coverage:
+	$(MAKE) coverage-build
+	$(MAKE) coverage-report
+
+coverage-clean:
+	rm -f *.gcda *.gcno
+
+COVERAGE_CFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) -O0 -ftest-coverage -fprofile-arcs
+COVERAGE_LDFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)  -O0 -lgcov
+
+coverage-build: coverage-clean
+	$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_CFLAGS)" LDFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_LDFLAGS)" all
+	$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_CFLAGS)" LDFLAGS="$(COVERAGE_LDFLAGS)" \
+		-j1 test
+
+coverage-report:
+	gcov -b *.c
+	grep '^function.*called 0 ' *.c.gcov \
+		| sed -e 's/\([^:]*\)\.gcov: *function \([^ ]*\) called.*/\1: \2/' \
+		| tee coverage-untested-functions
diff --git a/README b/README
index 548142c32..67cfeb201 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -24,12 +24,20 @@ It was originally written by Linus Torvalds with help of a group of
 hackers around the net. It is currently maintained by Junio C Hamano.
 
 Please read the file INSTALL for installation instructions.
-See Documentation/tutorial.txt to get started, then see
-Documentation/everyday.txt for a useful minimum set of commands,
-and "man git-commandname" for documentation of each command.
-CVS users may also want to read Documentation/cvs-migration.txt.
 
-Many Git online resources are accessible from http://git.or.cz/
+See Documentation/gittutorial.txt to get started, then see
+Documentation/everyday.txt for a useful minimum set of commands, and
+Documentation/git-commandname.txt for documentation of each command.
+If git has been correctly installed, then the tutorial can also be
+read with "man gittutorial" or "git help tutorial", and the
+documentation of each command with "man git-commandname" or "git help
+commandname".
+
+CVS users may also want to read Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt
+("man gitcvs-migration" or "git help cvs-migration" if git is
+installed).
+
+Many Git online resources are accessible from http://git-scm.com/
 including full documentation and Git related tools.
 
 The user discussion and development of Git take place on the Git
diff --git a/RelNotes b/RelNotes
index 3d420845b..d57124075 120000
--- a/RelNotes
+++ b/RelNotes
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.1.txt
\ No newline at end of file
+Documentation/RelNotes-1.6.6.1.txt
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/abspath.c b/abspath.c
index 8194ce125..b88122cbe 100644
--- a/abspath.c
+++ b/abspath.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path)
 {
 	static char bufs[2][PATH_MAX + 1], *buf = bufs[0], *next_buf = bufs[1];
 	char cwd[1024] = "";
-	int buf_index = 1, len;
+	int buf_index = 1;
 
 	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
 	char *last_elem = NULL;
@@ -41,16 +41,16 @@ const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path)
 
 		if (*buf) {
 			if (!*cwd && !getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)))
-				die ("Could not get current working directory");
+				die_errno ("Could not get current working directory");
 
 			if (chdir(buf))
-				die ("Could not switch to '%s'", buf);
+				die_errno ("Could not switch to '%s'", buf);
 		}
 		if (!getcwd(buf, PATH_MAX))
-			die ("Could not get current working directory");
+			die_errno ("Could not get current working directory");
 
 		if (last_elem) {
-			int len = strlen(buf);
+			size_t len = strlen(buf);
 			if (len + strlen(last_elem) + 2 > PATH_MAX)
 				die ("Too long path name: '%s/%s'",
 						buf, last_elem);
@@ -61,9 +61,11 @@ const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path)
 		}
 
 		if (!lstat(buf, &st) && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			len = readlink(buf, next_buf, PATH_MAX);
+			ssize_t len = readlink(buf, next_buf, PATH_MAX);
 			if (len < 0)
-				die ("Invalid symlink: %s", buf);
+				die_errno ("Invalid symlink '%s'", buf);
+			if (PATH_MAX <= len)
+				die("symbolic link too long: %s", buf);
 			next_buf[len] = '\0';
 			buf = next_buf;
 			buf_index = 1 - buf_index;
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path)
 	}
 
 	if (*cwd && chdir(cwd))
-		die ("Could not change back to '%s'", cwd);
+		die_errno ("Could not change back to '%s'", cwd);
 
 	return buf;
 }
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ const char *make_nonrelative_path(const char *path)
 	} else {
 		const char *cwd = get_pwd_cwd();
 		if (!cwd)
-			die("Cannot determine the current working directory");
+			die_errno("Cannot determine the current working directory");
 		if (snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s", cwd, path) >= PATH_MAX)
 			die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
 	}
diff --git a/advice.c b/advice.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cb666acc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/advice.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+int advice_push_nonfastforward = 1;
+int advice_status_hints = 1;
+int advice_commit_before_merge = 1;
+
+static struct {
+	const char *name;
+	int *preference;
+} advice_config[] = {
+	{ "pushnonfastforward", &advice_push_nonfastforward },
+	{ "statushints", &advice_status_hints },
+	{ "commitbeforemerge", &advice_commit_before_merge },
+};
+
+int git_default_advice_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	const char *k = skip_prefix(var, "advice.");
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(advice_config); i++) {
+		if (strcmp(k, advice_config[i].name))
+			continue;
+		*advice_config[i].preference = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/advice.h b/advice.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3de5000d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/advice.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef ADVICE_H
+#define ADVICE_H
+
+extern int advice_push_nonfastforward;
+extern int advice_status_hints;
+extern int advice_commit_before_merge;
+
+int git_default_advice_config(const char *var, const char *value);
+
+#endif /* ADVICE_H */
diff --git a/alias.c b/alias.c
index ccb1108c9..372b7d809 100644
--- a/alias.c
+++ b/alias.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
 	int src, dst, count = 0, size = 16;
 	char quoted = 0;
 
-	*argv = xmalloc(sizeof(char*) * size);
+	*argv = xmalloc(sizeof(char *) * size);
 
 	/* split alias_string */
 	(*argv)[count++] = cmdline;
@@ -38,10 +38,7 @@ int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
 			while (cmdline[++src]
 					&& isspace(cmdline[src]))
 				; /* skip */
-			if (count >= size) {
-				size += 16;
-				*argv = xrealloc(*argv, sizeof(char*) * size);
-			}
+			ALLOC_GROW(*argv, count+1, size);
 			(*argv)[count++] = cmdline + dst;
 		} else if (!quoted && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 			quoted = c;
@@ -72,6 +69,9 @@ int split_cmdline(char *cmdline, const char ***argv)
 		return error("unclosed quote");
 	}
 
+	ALLOC_GROW(*argv, count+1, size);
+	(*argv)[count] = NULL;
+
 	return count;
 }
 
diff --git a/alloc.c b/alloc.c
index 216c23a6f..6ef6753d1 100644
--- a/alloc.c
+++ b/alloc.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(object, union any_object)
 #define SZ_FMT "%zu"
 #endif
 
-static void report(const char* name, unsigned int count, size_t size)
+static void report(const char *name, unsigned int count, size_t size)
 {
     fprintf(stderr, "%10s: %8u (" SZ_FMT " kB)\n", name, count, size);
 }
diff --git a/archive-tar.c b/archive-tar.c
index ba890ebde..cee06ce3c 100644
--- a/archive-tar.c
+++ b/archive-tar.c
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
 
 	sprintf(header.mode, "%07o", mode & 07777);
 	sprintf(header.size, "%011lo", S_ISREG(mode) ? size : 0);
-	sprintf(header.mtime, "%011lo", args->time);
+	sprintf(header.mtime, "%011lo", (unsigned long) args->time);
 
 	sprintf(header.uid, "%07o", 0);
 	sprintf(header.gid, "%07o", 0);
diff --git a/archive.c b/archive.c
index 9ac455d88..5b8850737 100644
--- a/archive.c
+++ b/archive.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "archive.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
 
 static char const * const archive_usage[] = {
 	"git archive [options] <tree-ish> [path...]",
@@ -30,6 +31,8 @@ static void format_subst(const struct commit *commit,
 {
 	char *to_free = NULL;
 	struct strbuf fmt = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+	ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
 
 	if (src == buf->buf)
 		to_free = strbuf_detach(buf, NULL);
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ static void format_subst(const struct commit *commit,
 		strbuf_add(&fmt, b + 8, c - b - 8);
 
 		strbuf_add(buf, src, b - src);
-		format_commit_message(commit, fmt.buf, buf, DATE_NORMAL);
+		format_commit_message(commit, fmt.buf, buf, &ctx);
 		len -= c + 1 - src;
 		src  = c + 1;
 	}
@@ -114,6 +117,7 @@ static int write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
 
 	strbuf_reset(&path);
 	strbuf_grow(&path, PATH_MAX);
+	strbuf_add(&path, args->base, args->baselen);
 	strbuf_add(&path, base, baselen);
 	strbuf_addstr(&path, filename);
 	path_without_prefix = path.buf + args->baselen;
@@ -132,7 +136,7 @@ static int write_archive_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
 		err = write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode, NULL, 0);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
-		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
+		return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
 	}
 
 	buffer = sha1_file_to_archive(path_without_prefix, sha1, mode,
@@ -150,6 +154,8 @@ int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args,
 		write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry)
 {
 	struct archiver_context context;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t;
 	int err;
 
 	if (args->baselen > 0 && args->base[args->baselen - 1] == '/') {
@@ -168,8 +174,24 @@ int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args,
 	context.args = args;
 	context.write_entry = write_entry;
 
-	err =  read_tree_recursive(args->tree, args->base, args->baselen, 0,
-			args->pathspec, write_archive_entry, &context);
+	/*
+	 * Setup index and instruct attr to read index only
+	 */
+	if (!args->worktree_attributes) {
+		memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+		opts.index_only = 1;
+		opts.head_idx = -1;
+		opts.src_index = &the_index;
+		opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+		opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+		init_tree_desc(&t, args->tree->buffer, args->tree->size);
+		if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
+			return -1;
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_INDEX, &the_index);
+	}
+
+	err = read_tree_recursive(args->tree, "", 0, 0, args->pathspec,
+				  write_archive_entry, &context);
 	if (err == READ_TREE_RECURSIVE)
 		err = 0;
 	return err;
@@ -189,10 +211,33 @@ static const struct archiver *lookup_archiver(const char *name)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
+static int reject_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base,
+			int baselen, const char *filename, unsigned mode,
+			int stage, void *context)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int path_exists(struct tree *tree, const char *path)
+{
+	const char *pathspec[] = { path, NULL };
+
+	if (read_tree_recursive(tree, "", 0, 0, pathspec, reject_entry, NULL))
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void parse_pathspec_arg(const char **pathspec,
 		struct archiver_args *ar_args)
 {
-	ar_args->pathspec = get_pathspec(ar_args->base, pathspec);
+	ar_args->pathspec = pathspec = get_pathspec("", pathspec);
+	if (pathspec) {
+		while (*pathspec) {
+			if (!path_exists(ar_args->tree, *pathspec))
+				die("path not found: %s", *pathspec);
+			pathspec++;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static void parse_treeish_arg(const char **argv,
@@ -253,15 +298,21 @@ static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
 	const char *base = NULL;
 	const char *remote = NULL;
 	const char *exec = NULL;
+	const char *output = NULL;
 	int compression_level = -1;
 	int verbose = 0;
 	int i;
 	int list = 0;
+	int worktree_attributes = 0;
 	struct option opts[] = {
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "format", &format, "fmt", "archive format"),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &base, "prefix",
 			"prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"),
+		OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output, "file",
+			"write the archive to this file"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "worktree-attributes", &worktree_attributes,
+			"read .gitattributes in working directory"),
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
 		OPT__COMPR('0', &compression_level, "store only", 0),
 		OPT__COMPR('1', &compression_level, "compress faster", 1),
@@ -284,12 +335,14 @@ static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, opts, archive_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, opts, archive_usage, 0);
 
 	if (remote)
 		die("Unexpected option --remote");
 	if (exec)
 		die("Option --exec can only be used together with --remote");
+	if (output)
+		die("Unexpected option --output");
 
 	if (!base)
 		base = "";
@@ -319,6 +372,7 @@ static int parse_archive_args(int argc, const char **argv,
 	args->verbose = verbose;
 	args->base = base;
 	args->baselen = strlen(base);
+	args->worktree_attributes = worktree_attributes;
 
 	return argc;
 }
diff --git a/archive.h b/archive.h
index 0b15b3514..038ac353d 100644
--- a/archive.h
+++ b/archive.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ struct archiver_args {
 	time_t time;
 	const char **pathspec;
 	unsigned int verbose : 1;
+	unsigned int worktree_attributes : 1;
 	int compression_level;
 };
 
diff --git a/arm/sha1.c b/arm/sha1.c
deleted file mode 100644
index c61ad4aff..000000000
--- a/arm/sha1.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * SHA-1 implementation optimized for ARM
- *
- * Copyright:   (C) 2005 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
- * Created:     September 17, 2005
- */
-
-#include <string.h>
-#include "sha1.h"
-
-extern void arm_sha_transform(uint32_t *hash, const unsigned char *data, uint32_t *W);
-
-void arm_SHA1_Init(arm_SHA_CTX *c)
-{
-	c->len = 0;
-	c->hash[0] = 0x67452301;
-	c->hash[1] = 0xefcdab89;
-	c->hash[2] = 0x98badcfe;
-	c->hash[3] = 0x10325476;
-	c->hash[4] = 0xc3d2e1f0;
-}
-
-void arm_SHA1_Update(arm_SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n)
-{
-	uint32_t workspace[80];
-	unsigned int partial;
-	unsigned long done;
-
-	partial = c->len & 0x3f;
-	c->len += n;
-	if ((partial + n) >= 64) {
-		if (partial) {
-			done = 64 - partial;
-			memcpy(c->buffer + partial, p, done);
-			arm_sha_transform(c->hash, c->buffer, workspace);
-			partial = 0;
-		} else
-			done = 0;
-		while (n >= done + 64) {
-			arm_sha_transform(c->hash, p + done, workspace);
-			done += 64;
-		}
-	} else
-		done = 0;
-	if (n - done)
-		memcpy(c->buffer + partial, p + done, n - done);
-}
-
-void arm_SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, arm_SHA_CTX *c)
-{
-	uint64_t bitlen;
-	uint32_t bitlen_hi, bitlen_lo;
-	unsigned int i, offset, padlen;
-	unsigned char bits[8];
-	static const unsigned char padding[64] = { 0x80, };
-
-	bitlen = c->len << 3;
-	offset = c->len & 0x3f;
-	padlen = ((offset < 56) ? 56 : (64 + 56)) - offset;
-	arm_SHA1_Update(c, padding, padlen);
-
-	bitlen_hi = bitlen >> 32;
-	bitlen_lo = bitlen & 0xffffffff;
-	bits[0] = bitlen_hi >> 24;
-	bits[1] = bitlen_hi >> 16;
-	bits[2] = bitlen_hi >> 8;
-	bits[3] = bitlen_hi;
-	bits[4] = bitlen_lo >> 24;
-	bits[5] = bitlen_lo >> 16;
-	bits[6] = bitlen_lo >> 8;
-	bits[7] = bitlen_lo;
-	arm_SHA1_Update(c, bits, 8);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
-		uint32_t v = c->hash[i];
-		hash[0] = v >> 24;
-		hash[1] = v >> 16;
-		hash[2] = v >> 8;
-		hash[3] = v;
-		hash += 4;
-	}
-}
diff --git a/arm/sha1.h b/arm/sha1.h
deleted file mode 100644
index b61b61848..000000000
--- a/arm/sha1.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * SHA-1 implementation optimized for ARM
- *
- * Copyright:	(C) 2005 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
- * Created:	September 17, 2005
- */
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-typedef struct {
-	uint64_t len;
-	uint32_t hash[5];
-	unsigned char buffer[64];
-} arm_SHA_CTX;
-
-void arm_SHA1_Init(arm_SHA_CTX *c);
-void arm_SHA1_Update(arm_SHA_CTX *c, const void *p, unsigned long n);
-void arm_SHA1_Final(unsigned char *hash, arm_SHA_CTX *c);
-
-#define git_SHA_CTX	arm_SHA_CTX
-#define git_SHA1_Init	arm_SHA1_Init
-#define git_SHA1_Update	arm_SHA1_Update
-#define git_SHA1_Final	arm_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/arm/sha1_arm.S b/arm/sha1_arm.S
deleted file mode 100644
index 41e92636e..000000000
--- a/arm/sha1_arm.S
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  SHA transform optimized for ARM
- *
- *  Copyright:	(C) 2005 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
- *  Created:	September 17, 2005
- *
- *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
- *  published by the Free Software Foundation.
- */
-
-	.text
-	.globl	arm_sha_transform
-
-/*
- * void sha_transform(uint32_t *hash, const unsigned char *data, uint32_t *W);
- *
- * note: the "data" pointer may be unaligned.
- */
-
-arm_sha_transform:
-
-	stmfd	sp!, {r4 - r8, lr}
-
-	@ for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-	@         W[i] = ntohl(((uint32_t *)data)[i]);
-
-#ifdef __ARMEB__
-	mov	r4, r0
-	mov	r0, r2
-	mov	r2, #64
-	bl	memcpy
-	mov	r2, r0
-	mov	r0, r4
-#else
-	mov	r3, r2
-	mov	lr, #16
-1:	ldrb	r4, [r1], #1
-	ldrb	r5, [r1], #1
-	ldrb	r6, [r1], #1
-	ldrb	r7, [r1], #1
-	subs	lr, lr, #1
-	orr	r5, r5, r4, lsl #8
-	orr	r6, r6, r5, lsl #8
-	orr	r7, r7, r6, lsl #8
-	str	r7, [r3], #4
-	bne	1b
-#endif
-
-	@ for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
-	@         W[i+16] = ror(W[i+13] ^ W[i+8] ^ W[i+2] ^ W[i], 31);
-
-	sub	r3, r2, #4
-	mov	lr, #64
-2:	ldr	r4, [r3, #4]!
-	subs	lr, lr, #1
-	ldr	r5, [r3, #8]
-	ldr	r6, [r3, #32]
-	ldr	r7, [r3, #52]
-	eor	r4, r4, r5
-	eor	r4, r4, r6
-	eor	r4, r4, r7
-	mov	r4, r4, ror #31
-	str	r4, [r3, #64]
-	bne	2b
-
-	/*
-	 * The SHA functions are:
-	 *
-	 * f1(B,C,D) = (D ^ (B & (C ^ D)))
-	 * f2(B,C,D) = (B ^ C ^ D)
-	 * f3(B,C,D) = ((B & C) | (D & (B | C)))
-	 *
-	 * Then the sub-blocks are processed as follows:
-	 *
-	 * A' = ror(A, 27) + f(B,C,D) + E + K + *W++
-	 * B' = A
-	 * C' = ror(B, 2)
-	 * D' = C
-	 * E' = D
-	 *
-	 * We therefore unroll each loop 5 times to avoid register shuffling.
-	 * Also the ror for C (and also D and E which are successivelyderived
-	 * from it) is applied in place to cut on an additional mov insn for
-	 * each round.
-	 */
-
-	.macro	sha_f1, A, B, C, D, E
-	ldr	r3, [r2], #4
-	eor	ip, \C, \D
-	add	\E, r1, \E, ror #2
-	and	ip, \B, ip, ror #2
-	add	\E, \E, \A, ror #27
-	eor	ip, ip, \D, ror #2
-	add	\E, \E, r3
-	add	\E, \E, ip
-	.endm
-
-	.macro	sha_f2, A, B, C, D, E
-	ldr	r3, [r2], #4
-	add	\E, r1, \E, ror #2
-	eor	ip, \B, \C, ror #2
-	add	\E, \E, \A, ror #27
-	eor	ip, ip, \D, ror #2
-	add	\E, \E, r3
-	add	\E, \E, ip
-	.endm
-
-	.macro	sha_f3, A, B, C, D, E
-	ldr	r3, [r2], #4
-	add	\E, r1, \E, ror #2
-	orr	ip, \B, \C, ror #2
-	add	\E, \E, \A, ror #27
-	and	ip, ip, \D, ror #2
-	add	\E, \E, r3
-	and	r3, \B, \C, ror #2
-	orr	ip, ip, r3
-	add	\E, \E, ip
-	.endm
-
-	ldmia	r0, {r4 - r8}
-
-	mov	lr, #4
-	ldr	r1, .L_sha_K + 0
-
-	/* adjust initial values */
-	mov	r6, r6, ror #30
-	mov	r7, r7, ror #30
-	mov	r8, r8, ror #30
-
-3:	subs	lr, lr, #1
-	sha_f1	r4, r5, r6, r7, r8
-	sha_f1	r8, r4, r5, r6, r7
-	sha_f1	r7, r8, r4, r5, r6
-	sha_f1	r6, r7, r8, r4, r5
-	sha_f1	r5, r6, r7, r8, r4
-	bne	3b
-
-	ldr	r1, .L_sha_K + 4
-	mov	lr, #4
-
-4:	subs	lr, lr, #1
-	sha_f2	r4, r5, r6, r7, r8
-	sha_f2	r8, r4, r5, r6, r7
-	sha_f2	r7, r8, r4, r5, r6
-	sha_f2	r6, r7, r8, r4, r5
-	sha_f2	r5, r6, r7, r8, r4
-	bne	4b
-
-	ldr	r1, .L_sha_K + 8
-	mov	lr, #4
-
-5:	subs	lr, lr, #1
-	sha_f3	r4, r5, r6, r7, r8
-	sha_f3	r8, r4, r5, r6, r7
-	sha_f3	r7, r8, r4, r5, r6
-	sha_f3	r6, r7, r8, r4, r5
-	sha_f3	r5, r6, r7, r8, r4
-	bne	5b
-
-	ldr	r1, .L_sha_K + 12
-	mov	lr, #4
-
-6:	subs	lr, lr, #1
-	sha_f2	r4, r5, r6, r7, r8
-	sha_f2	r8, r4, r5, r6, r7
-	sha_f2	r7, r8, r4, r5, r6
-	sha_f2	r6, r7, r8, r4, r5
-	sha_f2	r5, r6, r7, r8, r4
-	bne	6b
-
-	ldmia	r0, {r1, r2, r3, ip, lr}
-	add	r4, r1, r4
-	add	r5, r2, r5
-	add	r6, r3, r6, ror #2
-	add	r7, ip, r7, ror #2
-	add	r8, lr, r8, ror #2
-	stmia	r0, {r4 - r8}
-
-	ldmfd	sp!, {r4 - r8, pc}
-
-.L_sha_K:
-	.word	0x5a827999, 0x6ed9eba1, 0x8f1bbcdc, 0xca62c1d6
diff --git a/attr.c b/attr.c
index 17f6a4dca..55bdb7cde 100644
--- a/attr.c
+++ b/attr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#define NO_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "attr.h"
 
@@ -34,8 +35,7 @@ static struct git_attr *(git_attr_hash[HASHSIZE]);
 
 static unsigned hash_name(const char *name, int namelen)
 {
-	unsigned val = 0;
-	unsigned char c;
+	unsigned val = 0, c;
 
 	while (namelen--) {
 		c = *name++;
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ static struct match_attr *parse_attr_line(const char *line, const char *src,
 		if (is_macro)
 			res->u.attr = git_attr(name, namelen);
 		else {
-			res->u.pattern = (char*)&(res->state[num_attr]);
+			res->u.pattern = (char *)&(res->state[num_attr]);
 			memcpy(res->u.pattern, name, namelen);
 			res->u.pattern[namelen] = 0;
 		}
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ static void free_attr_elem(struct attr_stack *e)
 			    setto == ATTR__UNKNOWN)
 				;
 			else
-				free((char*) setto);
+				free((char *) setto);
 		}
 		free(a);
 	}
@@ -318,6 +318,9 @@ static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_array(const char **list)
 	return res;
 }
 
+static enum git_attr_direction direction;
+static struct index_state *use_index;
+
 static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_file(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 {
 	FILE *fp = fopen(path, "r");
@@ -340,9 +343,10 @@ static void *read_index_data(const char *path)
 	unsigned long sz;
 	enum object_type type;
 	void *data;
+	struct index_state *istate = use_index ? use_index : &the_index;
 
 	len = strlen(path);
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 	if (pos < 0) {
 		/*
 		 * We might be in the middle of a merge, in which
@@ -350,15 +354,15 @@ static void *read_index_data(const char *path)
 		 */
 		int i;
 		for (i = -pos - 1;
-		     (pos < 0 && i < active_nr &&
-		      !strcmp(active_cache[i]->name, path));
+		     (pos < 0 && i < istate->cache_nr &&
+		      !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path));
 		     i++)
-			if (ce_stage(active_cache[i]) == 2)
+			if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
 				pos = i;
 	}
 	if (pos < 0)
 		return NULL;
-	data = read_sha1_file(active_cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
+	data = read_sha1_file(istate->cache[pos]->sha1, &type, &sz);
 	if (!data || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(data);
 		return NULL;
@@ -366,27 +370,17 @@ static void *read_index_data(const char *path)
 	return data;
 }
 
-static struct attr_stack *read_attr(const char *path, int macro_ok)
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr_from_index(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 {
 	struct attr_stack *res;
 	char *buf, *sp;
 	int lineno = 0;
 
-	res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
-	if (res)
-		return res;
-
-	res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
-
-	/*
-	 * There is no checked out .gitattributes file there, but
-	 * we might have it in the index.  We allow operation in a
-	 * sparsely checked out work tree, so read from it.
-	 */
 	buf = read_index_data(path);
 	if (!buf)
-		return res;
+		return NULL;
 
+	res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
 	for (sp = buf; *sp; ) {
 		char *ep;
 		int more;
@@ -401,6 +395,32 @@ static struct attr_stack *read_attr(const char *path, int macro_ok)
 	return res;
 }
 
+static struct attr_stack *read_attr(const char *path, int macro_ok)
+{
+	struct attr_stack *res;
+
+	if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT) {
+		res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
+		if (!res)
+			res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
+	}
+	else if (direction == GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN) {
+		res = read_attr_from_file(path, macro_ok);
+		if (!res)
+			/*
+			 * There is no checked out .gitattributes file there, but
+			 * we might have it in the index.  We allow operation in a
+			 * sparsely checked out work tree, so read from it.
+			 */
+			res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
+	}
+	else
+		res = read_attr_from_index(path, macro_ok);
+	if (!res)
+		res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
+	return res;
+}
+
 #if DEBUG_ATTR
 static void debug_info(const char *what, struct attr_stack *elem)
 {
@@ -428,6 +448,15 @@ static void debug_set(const char *what, const char *match, struct git_attr *attr
 #define debug_set(a,b,c,d) do { ; } while (0)
 #endif
 
+static void drop_attr_stack(void)
+{
+	while (attr_stack) {
+		struct attr_stack *elem = attr_stack;
+		attr_stack = elem->prev;
+		free_attr_elem(elem);
+	}
+}
+
 static void bootstrap_attr_stack(void)
 {
 	if (!attr_stack) {
@@ -438,7 +467,7 @@ static void bootstrap_attr_stack(void)
 		elem->prev = attr_stack;
 		attr_stack = elem;
 
-		if (!is_bare_repository()) {
+		if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
 			elem = read_attr(GITATTRIBUTES_FILE, 1);
 			elem->origin = strdup("");
 			elem->prev = attr_stack;
@@ -505,7 +534,7 @@ static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path, int dirlen)
 	/*
 	 * Read from parent directories and push them down
 	 */
-	if (!is_bare_repository()) {
+	if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
 		while (1) {
 			char *cp;
 
@@ -526,6 +555,8 @@ static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path, int dirlen)
 		}
 	}
 
+	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+
 	/*
 	 * Finally push the "info" one at the top of the stack.
 	 */
@@ -642,3 +673,16 @@ int git_checkattr(const char *path, int num, struct git_attr_check *check)
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction new, struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	enum git_attr_direction old = direction;
+
+	if (is_bare_repository() && new != GIT_ATTR_INDEX)
+		die("BUG: non-INDEX attr direction in a bare repo");
+
+	direction = new;
+	if (new != old)
+		drop_attr_stack();
+	use_index = istate;
+}
diff --git a/attr.h b/attr.h
index f1c2038b0..69b5767eb 100644
--- a/attr.h
+++ b/attr.h
@@ -31,4 +31,11 @@ struct git_attr_check {
 
 int git_checkattr(const char *path, int, struct git_attr_check *);
 
+enum git_attr_direction {
+	GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN,
+	GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT,
+	GIT_ATTR_INDEX,
+};
+void git_attr_set_direction(enum git_attr_direction, struct index_state *);
+
 #endif /* ATTR_H */
diff --git a/base85.c b/base85.c
index b88270f90..e459feebb 100644
--- a/base85.c
+++ b/base85.c
@@ -57,14 +57,8 @@ int decode_85(char *dst, const char *buffer, int len)
 		de = de85[ch];
 		if (--de < 0)
 			return error("invalid base85 alphabet %c", ch);
-		/*
-		 * Detect overflow.  The largest
-		 * 5-letter possible is "|NsC0" to
-		 * encode 0xffffffff, and "|NsC" gives
-		 * 0x03030303 at this point (i.e.
-		 * 0xffffffff = 0x03030303 * 85).
-		 */
-		if (0x03030303 < acc ||
+		/* Detect overflow. */
+		if (0xffffffff / 85 < acc ||
 		    0xffffffff - de < (acc *= 85))
 			return error("invalid base85 sequence %.5s", buffer-5);
 		acc += de;
@@ -84,14 +78,12 @@ int decode_85(char *dst, const char *buffer, int len)
 
 void encode_85(char *buf, const unsigned char *data, int bytes)
 {
-	prep_base85();
-
 	say("encode 85");
 	while (bytes) {
 		unsigned acc = 0;
 		int cnt;
 		for (cnt = 24; cnt >= 0; cnt -= 8) {
-			int ch = *data++;
+			unsigned ch = *data++;
 			acc |= ch << cnt;
 			if (--bytes == 0)
 				break;
@@ -118,7 +110,7 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 		int len = strlen(av[2]);
 		encode_85(buf, av[2], len);
 		if (len <= 26) len = len + 'A' - 1;
-		else len = len + 'a' - 26 + 1;
+		else len = len + 'a' - 26 - 1;
 		printf("encoded: %c%s\n", len, buf);
 		return 0;
 	}
diff --git a/bisect.c b/bisect.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b779a9589
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bisect.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1008 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "list-objects.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "log-tree.h"
+#include "bisect.h"
+
+struct sha1_array {
+	unsigned char (*sha1)[20];
+	int sha1_nr;
+	int sha1_alloc;
+	int sorted;
+};
+
+static struct sha1_array good_revs;
+static struct sha1_array skipped_revs;
+
+static const unsigned char *current_bad_sha1;
+
+struct argv_array {
+	const char **argv;
+	int argv_nr;
+	int argv_alloc;
+};
+
+static const char *argv_checkout[] = {"checkout", "-q", NULL, "--", NULL};
+static const char *argv_show_branch[] = {"show-branch", NULL, NULL};
+
+/* bits #0-15 in revision.h */
+
+#define COUNTED		(1u<<16)
+
+/*
+ * This is a truly stupid algorithm, but it's only
+ * used for bisection, and we just don't care enough.
+ *
+ * We care just barely enough to avoid recursing for
+ * non-merge entries.
+ */
+static int count_distance(struct commit_list *entry)
+{
+	int nr = 0;
+
+	while (entry) {
+		struct commit *commit = entry->item;
+		struct commit_list *p;
+
+		if (commit->object.flags & (UNINTERESTING | COUNTED))
+			break;
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & TREESAME))
+			nr++;
+		commit->object.flags |= COUNTED;
+		p = commit->parents;
+		entry = p;
+		if (p) {
+			p = p->next;
+			while (p) {
+				nr += count_distance(p);
+				p = p->next;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nr;
+}
+
+static void clear_distance(struct commit_list *list)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit *commit = list->item;
+		commit->object.flags &= ~COUNTED;
+		list = list->next;
+	}
+}
+
+#define DEBUG_BISECT 0
+
+static inline int weight(struct commit_list *elem)
+{
+	return *((int*)(elem->item->util));
+}
+
+static inline void weight_set(struct commit_list *elem, int weight)
+{
+	*((int*)(elem->item->util)) = weight;
+}
+
+static int count_interesting_parents(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	int count;
+
+	for (count = 0, p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		count++;
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
+static inline int halfway(struct commit_list *p, int nr)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Don't short-cut something we are not going to return!
+	 */
+	if (p->item->object.flags & TREESAME)
+		return 0;
+	if (DEBUG_BISECT)
+		return 0;
+	/*
+	 * 2 and 3 are halfway of 5.
+	 * 3 is halfway of 6 but 2 and 4 are not.
+	 */
+	switch (2 * weight(p) - nr) {
+	case -1: case 0: case 1:
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+#if !DEBUG_BISECT
+#define show_list(a,b,c,d) do { ; } while (0)
+#else
+static void show_list(const char *debug, int counted, int nr,
+		      struct commit_list *list)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d/%d)\n", debug, counted, nr);
+
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit_list *pp;
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+		char *buf = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+		char *ep, *sp;
+
+		fprintf(stderr, "%c%c%c ",
+			(flags & TREESAME) ? ' ' : 'T',
+			(flags & UNINTERESTING) ? 'U' : ' ',
+			(flags & COUNTED) ? 'C' : ' ');
+		if (commit->util)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%3d", weight(p));
+		else
+			fprintf(stderr, "---");
+		fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		for (pp = commit->parents; pp; pp = pp->next)
+			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8,
+				sha1_to_hex(pp->item->object.sha1));
+
+		sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
+		if (sp) {
+			sp += 2;
+			for (ep = sp; *ep && *ep != '\n'; ep++)
+				;
+			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", (int)(ep - sp), sp);
+		}
+		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	}
+}
+#endif /* DEBUG_BISECT */
+
+static struct commit_list *best_bisection(struct commit_list *list, int nr)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p, *best;
+	int best_distance = -1;
+
+	best = list;
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		int distance;
+		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+		if (flags & TREESAME)
+			continue;
+		distance = weight(p);
+		if (nr - distance < distance)
+			distance = nr - distance;
+		if (distance > best_distance) {
+			best = p;
+			best_distance = distance;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return best;
+}
+
+struct commit_dist {
+	struct commit *commit;
+	int distance;
+};
+
+static int compare_commit_dist(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	struct commit_dist *a, *b;
+
+	a = (struct commit_dist *)a_;
+	b = (struct commit_dist *)b_;
+	if (a->distance != b->distance)
+		return b->distance - a->distance; /* desc sort */
+	return hashcmp(a->commit->object.sha1, b->commit->object.sha1);
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *best_bisection_sorted(struct commit_list *list, int nr)
+{
+	struct commit_list *p;
+	struct commit_dist *array = xcalloc(nr, sizeof(*array));
+	int cnt, i;
+
+	for (p = list, cnt = 0; p; p = p->next) {
+		int distance;
+		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+		if (flags & TREESAME)
+			continue;
+		distance = weight(p);
+		if (nr - distance < distance)
+			distance = nr - distance;
+		array[cnt].commit = p->item;
+		array[cnt].distance = distance;
+		cnt++;
+	}
+	qsort(array, cnt, sizeof(*array), compare_commit_dist);
+	for (p = list, i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		struct name_decoration *r = xmalloc(sizeof(*r) + 100);
+		struct object *obj = &(array[i].commit->object);
+
+		sprintf(r->name, "dist=%d", array[i].distance);
+		r->next = add_decoration(&name_decoration, obj, r);
+		p->item = array[i].commit;
+		p = p->next;
+	}
+	if (p)
+		p->next = NULL;
+	free(array);
+	return list;
+}
+
+/*
+ * zero or positive weight is the number of interesting commits it can
+ * reach, including itself.  Especially, weight = 0 means it does not
+ * reach any tree-changing commits (e.g. just above uninteresting one
+ * but traversal is with pathspec).
+ *
+ * weight = -1 means it has one parent and its distance is yet to
+ * be computed.
+ *
+ * weight = -2 means it has more than one parent and its distance is
+ * unknown.  After running count_distance() first, they will get zero
+ * or positive distance.
+ */
+static struct commit_list *do_find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
+					     int nr, int *weights,
+					     int find_all)
+{
+	int n, counted;
+	struct commit_list *p;
+
+	counted = 0;
+
+	for (n = 0, p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
+
+		p->item->util = &weights[n++];
+		switch (count_interesting_parents(commit)) {
+		case 0:
+			if (!(flags & TREESAME)) {
+				weight_set(p, 1);
+				counted++;
+				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
+					  counted, nr, list);
+			}
+			/*
+			 * otherwise, it is known not to reach any
+			 * tree-changing commit and gets weight 0.
+			 */
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			weight_set(p, -1);
+			break;
+		default:
+			weight_set(p, -2);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 initialize", counted, nr, list);
+
+	/*
+	 * If you have only one parent in the resulting set
+	 * then you can reach one commit more than that parent
+	 * can reach.  So we do not have to run the expensive
+	 * count_distance() for single strand of pearls.
+	 *
+	 * However, if you have more than one parents, you cannot
+	 * just add their distance and one for yourself, since
+	 * they usually reach the same ancestor and you would
+	 * end up counting them twice that way.
+	 *
+	 * So we will first count distance of merges the usual
+	 * way, and then fill the blanks using cheaper algorithm.
+	 */
+	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		if (weight(p) != -2)
+			continue;
+		weight_set(p, count_distance(p));
+		clear_distance(list);
+
+		/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
+		if (!find_all && halfway(p, nr))
+			return p;
+		counted++;
+	}
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 count_distance", counted, nr, list);
+
+	while (counted < nr) {
+		for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
+			struct commit_list *q;
+			unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+			if (0 <= weight(p))
+				continue;
+			for (q = p->item->parents; q; q = q->next) {
+				if (q->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+					continue;
+				if (0 <= weight(q))
+					break;
+			}
+			if (!q)
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * weight for p is unknown but q is known.
+			 * add one for p itself if p is to be counted,
+			 * otherwise inherit it from q directly.
+			 */
+			if (!(flags & TREESAME)) {
+				weight_set(p, weight(q)+1);
+				counted++;
+				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
+					  counted, nr, list);
+			}
+			else
+				weight_set(p, weight(q));
+
+			/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
+			if (!find_all && halfway(p, nr))
+				return p;
+		}
+	}
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 counted all", counted, nr, list);
+
+	if (!find_all)
+		return best_bisection(list, nr);
+	else
+		return best_bisection_sorted(list, nr);
+}
+
+struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
+					  int *reaches, int *all,
+					  int find_all)
+{
+	int nr, on_list;
+	struct commit_list *p, *best, *next, *last;
+	int *weights;
+
+	show_list("bisection 2 entry", 0, 0, list);
+
+	/*
+	 * Count the number of total and tree-changing items on the
+	 * list, while reversing the list.
+	 */
+	for (nr = on_list = 0, last = NULL, p = list;
+	     p;
+	     p = next) {
+		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+
+		next = p->next;
+		if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		p->next = last;
+		last = p;
+		if (!(flags & TREESAME))
+			nr++;
+		on_list++;
+	}
+	list = last;
+	show_list("bisection 2 sorted", 0, nr, list);
+
+	*all = nr;
+	weights = xcalloc(on_list, sizeof(*weights));
+
+	/* Do the real work of finding bisection commit. */
+	best = do_find_bisection(list, nr, weights, find_all);
+	if (best) {
+		if (!find_all)
+			best->next = NULL;
+		*reaches = weight(best);
+	}
+	free(weights);
+	return best;
+}
+
+static void argv_array_push(struct argv_array *array, const char *string)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(array->argv, array->argv_nr + 1, array->argv_alloc);
+	array->argv[array->argv_nr++] = string;
+}
+
+static void argv_array_push_sha1(struct argv_array *array,
+				 const unsigned char *sha1,
+				 const char *format)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, format, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	argv_array_push(array, strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL));
+}
+
+static void sha1_array_push(struct sha1_array *array,
+			    const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(array->sha1, array->sha1_nr + 1, array->sha1_alloc);
+	hashcpy(array->sha1[array->sha1_nr++], sha1);
+}
+
+static int register_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(refname, "bad")) {
+		current_bad_sha1 = sha1;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "good-")) {
+		sha1_array_push(&good_revs, sha1);
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "skip-")) {
+		sha1_array_push(&skipped_revs, sha1);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_bisect_refs(void)
+{
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/", register_ref, NULL);
+}
+
+static void read_bisect_paths(struct argv_array *array)
+{
+	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_NAMES");
+	FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
+
+	if (!fp)
+		die_errno("Could not open file '%s'", filename);
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&str, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+		char *quoted;
+		int res;
+
+		strbuf_trim(&str);
+		quoted = strbuf_detach(&str, NULL);
+		res = sq_dequote_to_argv(quoted, &array->argv,
+					 &array->argv_nr, &array->argv_alloc);
+		if (res)
+			die("Badly quoted content in file '%s': %s",
+			    filename, quoted);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&str);
+	fclose(fp);
+}
+
+static int array_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return hashcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+static void sort_sha1_array(struct sha1_array *array)
+{
+	qsort(array->sha1, array->sha1_nr, sizeof(*array->sha1), array_cmp);
+
+	array->sorted = 1;
+}
+
+static const unsigned char *sha1_access(size_t index, void *table)
+{
+	unsigned char (*array)[20] = table;
+	return array[index];
+}
+
+static int lookup_sha1_array(struct sha1_array *array,
+			     const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	if (!array->sorted)
+		sort_sha1_array(array);
+
+	return sha1_pos(sha1, array->sha1, array->sha1_nr, sha1_access);
+}
+
+static char *join_sha1_array_hex(struct sha1_array *array, char delim)
+{
+	struct strbuf joined_hexs = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < array->sha1_nr; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&joined_hexs, sha1_to_hex(array->sha1[i]));
+		if (i + 1 < array->sha1_nr)
+			strbuf_addch(&joined_hexs, delim);
+	}
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&joined_hexs, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * In this function, passing a not NULL skipped_first is very special.
+ * It means that we want to know if the first commit in the list is
+ * skipped because we will want to test a commit away from it if it is
+ * indeed skipped.
+ * So if the first commit is skipped, we cannot take the shortcut to
+ * just "return list" when we find the first non skipped commit, we
+ * have to return a fully filtered list.
+ *
+ * We use (*skipped_first == -1) to mean "it has been found that the
+ * first commit is not skipped". In this case *skipped_first is set back
+ * to 0 just before the function returns.
+ */
+struct commit_list *filter_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
+				   struct commit_list **tried,
+				   int show_all,
+				   int *count,
+				   int *skipped_first)
+{
+	struct commit_list *filtered = NULL, **f = &filtered;
+
+	*tried = NULL;
+
+	if (skipped_first)
+		*skipped_first = 0;
+	if (count)
+		*count = 0;
+
+	if (!skipped_revs.sha1_nr)
+		return list;
+
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
+		list->next = NULL;
+		if (0 <= lookup_sha1_array(&skipped_revs,
+					   list->item->object.sha1)) {
+			if (skipped_first && !*skipped_first)
+				*skipped_first = 1;
+			/* Move current to tried list */
+			*tried = list;
+			tried = &list->next;
+		} else {
+			if (!show_all) {
+				if (!skipped_first || !*skipped_first)
+					return list;
+			} else if (skipped_first && !*skipped_first) {
+				/* This means we know it's not skipped */
+				*skipped_first = -1;
+			}
+			/* Move current to filtered list */
+			*f = list;
+			f = &list->next;
+			if (count)
+				(*count)++;
+		}
+		list = next;
+	}
+
+	if (skipped_first && *skipped_first == -1)
+		*skipped_first = 0;
+
+	return filtered;
+}
+
+#define PRN_MODULO 32768
+
+/*
+ * This is a pseudo random number generator based on "man 3 rand".
+ * It is not used properly because the seed is the argument and it
+ * is increased by one between each call, but that should not matter
+ * for this application.
+ */
+int get_prn(int count) {
+	count = count * 1103515245 + 12345;
+	return ((unsigned)(count/65536) % PRN_MODULO);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Custom integer square root from
+ * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_square_root
+ */
+static int sqrti(int val)
+{
+	float d, x = val;
+
+	if (val == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	do {
+		float y = (x + (float)val / x) / 2;
+		d = (y > x) ? y - x : x - y;
+		x = y;
+	} while (d >= 0.5);
+
+	return (int)x;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *skip_away(struct commit_list *list, int count)
+{
+	struct commit_list *cur, *previous;
+	int prn, index, i;
+
+	prn = get_prn(count);
+	index = (count * prn / PRN_MODULO) * sqrti(prn) / sqrti(PRN_MODULO);
+
+	cur = list;
+	previous = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; cur; cur = cur->next, i++) {
+		if (i == index) {
+			if (hashcmp(cur->item->object.sha1, current_bad_sha1))
+				return cur;
+			if (previous)
+				return previous;
+			return list;
+		}
+		previous = cur;
+	}
+
+	return list;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *managed_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
+					   struct commit_list **tried)
+{
+	int count, skipped_first;
+
+	*tried = NULL;
+
+	if (!skipped_revs.sha1_nr)
+		return list;
+
+	list = filter_skipped(list, tried, 0, &count, &skipped_first);
+
+	if (!skipped_first)
+		return list;
+
+	return skip_away(list, count);
+}
+
+static void bisect_rev_setup(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix,
+			     const char *bad_format, const char *good_format,
+			     int read_paths)
+{
+	struct argv_array rev_argv = { NULL, 0, 0 };
+	int i;
+
+	init_revisions(revs, prefix);
+	revs->abbrev = 0;
+	revs->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+	/* rev_argv.argv[0] will be ignored by setup_revisions */
+	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, xstrdup("bisect_rev_setup"));
+	argv_array_push_sha1(&rev_argv, current_bad_sha1, bad_format);
+	for (i = 0; i < good_revs.sha1_nr; i++)
+		argv_array_push_sha1(&rev_argv, good_revs.sha1[i],
+				     good_format);
+	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, xstrdup("--"));
+	if (read_paths)
+		read_bisect_paths(&rev_argv);
+	argv_array_push(&rev_argv, NULL);
+
+	setup_revisions(rev_argv.argv_nr, rev_argv.argv, revs, NULL);
+}
+
+static void bisect_common(struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+	if (revs->tree_objects)
+		mark_edges_uninteresting(revs->commits, revs, NULL);
+}
+
+static void exit_if_skipped_commits(struct commit_list *tried,
+				    const unsigned char *bad)
+{
+	if (!tried)
+		return;
+
+	printf("There are only 'skip'ped commits left to test.\n"
+	       "The first bad commit could be any of:\n");
+	print_commit_list(tried, "%s\n", "%s\n");
+	if (bad)
+		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(bad));
+	printf("We cannot bisect more!\n");
+	exit(2);
+}
+
+static int is_expected_rev(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_EXPECTED_REV");
+	struct stat st;
+	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	if (stat(filename, &st) || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+	fp = fopen(filename, "r");
+	if (!fp)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_getline(&str, fp, '\n') != EOF)
+		res = !strcmp(str.buf, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+	strbuf_release(&str);
+	fclose(fp);
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void mark_expected_rev(char *bisect_rev_hex)
+{
+	int len = strlen(bisect_rev_hex);
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_EXPECTED_REV");
+	int fd = open(filename, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("could not create file '%s'", filename);
+
+	bisect_rev_hex[len] = '\n';
+	write_or_die(fd, bisect_rev_hex, len + 1);
+	bisect_rev_hex[len] = '\0';
+
+	if (close(fd) < 0)
+		die("closing file %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+static int bisect_checkout(char *bisect_rev_hex)
+{
+	int res;
+
+	mark_expected_rev(bisect_rev_hex);
+
+	argv_checkout[2] = bisect_rev_hex;
+	res = run_command_v_opt(argv_checkout, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	if (res)
+		exit(res);
+
+	argv_show_branch[1] = bisect_rev_hex;
+	return run_command_v_opt(argv_show_branch, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+}
+
+static struct commit *get_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct commit *r = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!r)
+		die("Not a valid commit name %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	return r;
+}
+
+static struct commit **get_bad_and_good_commits(int *rev_nr)
+{
+	int len = 1 + good_revs.sha1_nr;
+	struct commit **rev = xmalloc(len * sizeof(*rev));
+	int i, n = 0;
+
+	rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(current_bad_sha1);
+	for (i = 0; i < good_revs.sha1_nr; i++)
+		rev[n++] = get_commit_reference(good_revs.sha1[i]);
+	*rev_nr = n;
+
+	return rev;
+}
+
+static void handle_bad_merge_base(void)
+{
+	if (is_expected_rev(current_bad_sha1)) {
+		char *bad_hex = sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1);
+		char *good_hex = join_sha1_array_hex(&good_revs, ' ');
+
+		fprintf(stderr, "The merge base %s is bad.\n"
+			"This means the bug has been fixed "
+			"between %s and [%s].\n",
+			bad_hex, bad_hex, good_hex);
+
+		exit(3);
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Some good revs are not ancestor of the bad rev.\n"
+		"git bisect cannot work properly in this case.\n"
+		"Maybe you mistake good and bad revs?\n");
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+static void handle_skipped_merge_base(const unsigned char *mb)
+{
+	char *mb_hex = sha1_to_hex(mb);
+	char *bad_hex = sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1);
+	char *good_hex = join_sha1_array_hex(&good_revs, ' ');
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: the merge base between %s and [%s] "
+		"must be skipped.\n"
+		"So we cannot be sure the first bad commit is "
+		"between %s and %s.\n"
+		"We continue anyway.\n",
+		bad_hex, good_hex, mb_hex, bad_hex);
+	free(good_hex);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "check_merge_bases" checks that merge bases are not "bad".
+ *
+ * - If one is "bad", it means the user assumed something wrong
+ * and we must exit with a non 0 error code.
+ * - If one is "good", that's good, we have nothing to do.
+ * - If one is "skipped", we can't know but we should warn.
+ * - If we don't know, we should check it out and ask the user to test.
+ */
+static void check_merge_bases(void)
+{
+	struct commit_list *result;
+	int rev_nr;
+	struct commit **rev = get_bad_and_good_commits(&rev_nr);
+
+	result = get_merge_bases_many(rev[0], rev_nr - 1, rev + 1, 0);
+
+	for (; result; result = result->next) {
+		const unsigned char *mb = result->item->object.sha1;
+		if (!hashcmp(mb, current_bad_sha1)) {
+			handle_bad_merge_base();
+		} else if (0 <= lookup_sha1_array(&good_revs, mb)) {
+			continue;
+		} else if (0 <= lookup_sha1_array(&skipped_revs, mb)) {
+			handle_skipped_merge_base(mb);
+		} else {
+			printf("Bisecting: a merge base must be tested\n");
+			exit(bisect_checkout(sha1_to_hex(mb)));
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(rev);
+	free_commit_list(result);
+}
+
+static int check_ancestors(const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct object_array pending_copy;
+	int i, res;
+
+	bisect_rev_setup(&revs, prefix, "^%s", "%s", 0);
+
+	/* Save pending objects, so they can be cleaned up later. */
+	memset(&pending_copy, 0, sizeof(pending_copy));
+	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++)
+		add_object_array(revs.pending.objects[i].item,
+				 revs.pending.objects[i].name,
+				 &pending_copy);
+
+	bisect_common(&revs);
+	res = (revs.commits != NULL);
+
+	/* Clean up objects used, as they will be reused. */
+	for (i = 0; i < pending_copy.nr; i++) {
+		struct object *o = pending_copy.objects[i].item;
+		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad" checks that all "good" revs are
+ * ancestor of the "bad" rev.
+ *
+ * If that's not the case, we need to check the merge bases.
+ * If a merge base must be tested by the user, its source code will be
+ * checked out to be tested by the user and we will exit.
+ */
+static void check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK");
+	struct stat st;
+	int fd;
+
+	if (!current_bad_sha1)
+		die("a bad revision is needed");
+
+	/* Check if file BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK exists. */
+	if (!stat(filename, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return;
+
+	/* Bisecting with no good rev is ok. */
+	if (good_revs.sha1_nr == 0)
+		return;
+
+	/* Check if all good revs are ancestor of the bad rev. */
+	if (check_ancestors(prefix))
+		check_merge_bases();
+
+	/* Create file BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK. */
+	fd = open(filename, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		warning("could not create file '%s': %s",
+			filename, strerror(errno));
+	else
+		close(fd);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This does "git diff-tree --pretty COMMIT" without one fork+exec.
+ */
+static void show_diff_tree(const char *prefix, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct rev_info opt;
+
+	/* diff-tree init */
+	init_revisions(&opt, prefix);
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
+	opt.abbrev = 0;
+	opt.diff = 1;
+
+	/* This is what "--pretty" does */
+	opt.verbose_header = 1;
+	opt.use_terminator = 0;
+	opt.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
+
+	/* diff-tree init */
+	if (!opt.diffopt.output_format)
+		opt.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
+
+	log_tree_commit(&opt, commit);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We use the convention that exiting with an exit code 10 means that
+ * the bisection process finished successfully.
+ * In this case the calling shell script should exit 0.
+ */
+int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct commit_list *tried;
+	int reaches = 0, all = 0, nr, steps;
+	const unsigned char *bisect_rev;
+	char bisect_rev_hex[41];
+
+	if (read_bisect_refs())
+		die("reading bisect refs failed");
+
+	check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(prefix);
+
+	bisect_rev_setup(&revs, prefix, "%s", "^%s", 1);
+	revs.limited = 1;
+
+	bisect_common(&revs);
+
+	revs.commits = find_bisection(revs.commits, &reaches, &all,
+				       !!skipped_revs.sha1_nr);
+	revs.commits = managed_skipped(revs.commits, &tried);
+
+	if (!revs.commits) {
+		/*
+		 * We should exit here only if the "bad"
+		 * commit is also a "skip" commit.
+		 */
+		exit_if_skipped_commits(tried, NULL);
+
+		printf("%s was both good and bad\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(current_bad_sha1));
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	bisect_rev = revs.commits->item->object.sha1;
+	memcpy(bisect_rev_hex, sha1_to_hex(bisect_rev), 41);
+
+	if (!hashcmp(bisect_rev, current_bad_sha1)) {
+		exit_if_skipped_commits(tried, current_bad_sha1);
+		printf("%s is the first bad commit\n", bisect_rev_hex);
+		show_diff_tree(prefix, revs.commits->item);
+		/* This means the bisection process succeeded. */
+		exit(10);
+	}
+
+	nr = all - reaches - 1;
+	steps = estimate_bisect_steps(all);
+	printf("Bisecting: %d revision%s left to test after this "
+	       "(roughly %d step%s)\n", nr, (nr == 1 ? "" : "s"),
+	       steps, (steps == 1 ? "" : "s"));
+
+	return bisect_checkout(bisect_rev_hex);
+}
+
diff --git a/bisect.h b/bisect.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..82f8fc191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bisect.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef BISECT_H
+#define BISECT_H
+
+extern struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
+					  int *reaches, int *all,
+					  int find_all);
+
+extern struct commit_list *filter_skipped(struct commit_list *list,
+					  struct commit_list **tried,
+					  int show_all,
+					  int *count,
+					  int *skipped_first);
+
+extern void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
+			      const char *format_cur,
+			      const char *format_last);
+
+/* bisect_show_flags flags in struct rev_list_info */
+#define BISECT_SHOW_ALL		(1<<0)
+#define BISECT_SHOW_TRIED	(1<<1)
+
+struct rev_list_info {
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+	int bisect_show_flags;
+	int show_timestamp;
+	int hdr_termination;
+	const char *header_prefix;
+};
+
+extern int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all);
+
+extern int bisect_next_all(const char *prefix);
+
+extern int estimate_bisect_steps(int all);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/block-sha1/sha1.c b/block-sha1/sha1.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d8934757a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/block-sha1/sha1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * SHA1 routine optimized to do word accesses rather than byte accesses,
+ * and to avoid unnecessary copies into the context array.
+ *
+ * This was initially based on the Mozilla SHA1 implementation, although
+ * none of the original Mozilla code remains.
+ */
+
+/* this is only to get definitions for memcpy(), ntohl() and htonl() */
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+#include "sha1.h"
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+
+/*
+ * Force usage of rol or ror by selecting the one with the smaller constant.
+ * It _can_ generate slightly smaller code (a constant of 1 is special), but
+ * perhaps more importantly it's possibly faster on any uarch that does a
+ * rotate with a loop.
+ */
+
+#define SHA_ASM(op, x, n) ({ unsigned int __res; __asm__(op " %1,%0":"=r" (__res):"i" (n), "0" (x)); __res; })
+#define SHA_ROL(x,n)	SHA_ASM("rol", x, n)
+#define SHA_ROR(x,n)	SHA_ASM("ror", x, n)
+
+#else
+
+#define SHA_ROT(X,l,r)	(((X) << (l)) | ((X) >> (r)))
+#define SHA_ROL(X,n)	SHA_ROT(X,n,32-(n))
+#define SHA_ROR(X,n)	SHA_ROT(X,32-(n),n)
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * If you have 32 registers or more, the compiler can (and should)
+ * try to change the array[] accesses into registers. However, on
+ * machines with less than ~25 registers, that won't really work,
+ * and at least gcc will make an unholy mess of it.
+ *
+ * So to avoid that mess which just slows things down, we force
+ * the stores to memory to actually happen (we might be better off
+ * with a 'W(t)=(val);asm("":"+m" (W(t))' there instead, as
+ * suggested by Artur Skawina - that will also make gcc unable to
+ * try to do the silly "optimize away loads" part because it won't
+ * see what the value will be).
+ *
+ * Ben Herrenschmidt reports that on PPC, the C version comes close
+ * to the optimized asm with this (ie on PPC you don't want that
+ * 'volatile', since there are lots of registers).
+ *
+ * On ARM we get the best code generation by forcing a full memory barrier
+ * between each SHA_ROUND, otherwise gcc happily get wild with spilling and
+ * the stack frame size simply explode and performance goes down the drain.
+ */
+
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+  #define setW(x, val) (*(volatile unsigned int *)&W(x) = (val))
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__arm__)
+  #define setW(x, val) do { W(x) = (val); __asm__("":::"memory"); } while (0)
+#else
+  #define setW(x, val) (W(x) = (val))
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Performance might be improved if the CPU architecture is OK with
+ * unaligned 32-bit loads and a fast ntohl() is available.
+ * Otherwise fall back to byte loads and shifts which is portable,
+ * and is faster on architectures with memory alignment issues.
+ */
+
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__) || \
+    defined(__ppc__) || defined(__ppc64__) || \
+    defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__) || \
+    defined(__s390__) || defined(__s390x__)
+
+#define get_be32(p)	ntohl(*(unsigned int *)(p))
+#define put_be32(p, v)	do { *(unsigned int *)(p) = htonl(v); } while (0)
+
+#else
+
+#define get_be32(p)	( \
+	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 0) << 24) | \
+	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 1) << 16) | \
+	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 2) <<  8) | \
+	(*((unsigned char *)(p) + 3) <<  0) )
+#define put_be32(p, v)	do { \
+	unsigned int __v = (v); \
+	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 0) = __v >> 24; \
+	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 1) = __v >> 16; \
+	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 2) = __v >>  8; \
+	*((unsigned char *)(p) + 3) = __v >>  0; } while (0)
+
+#endif
+
+/* This "rolls" over the 512-bit array */
+#define W(x) (array[(x)&15])
+
+/*
+ * Where do we get the source from? The first 16 iterations get it from
+ * the input data, the next mix it from the 512-bit array.
+ */
+#define SHA_SRC(t) get_be32(data + t)
+#define SHA_MIX(t) SHA_ROL(W(t+13) ^ W(t+8) ^ W(t+2) ^ W(t), 1)
+
+#define SHA_ROUND(t, input, fn, constant, A, B, C, D, E) do { \
+	unsigned int TEMP = input(t); setW(t, TEMP); \
+	E += TEMP + SHA_ROL(A,5) + (fn) + (constant); \
+	B = SHA_ROR(B, 2); } while (0)
+
+#define T_0_15(t, A, B, C, D, E)  SHA_ROUND(t, SHA_SRC, (((C^D)&B)^D) , 0x5a827999, A, B, C, D, E )
+#define T_16_19(t, A, B, C, D, E) SHA_ROUND(t, SHA_MIX, (((C^D)&B)^D) , 0x5a827999, A, B, C, D, E )
+#define T_20_39(t, A, B, C, D, E) SHA_ROUND(t, SHA_MIX, (B^C^D) , 0x6ed9eba1, A, B, C, D, E )
+#define T_40_59(t, A, B, C, D, E) SHA_ROUND(t, SHA_MIX, ((B&C)+(D&(B^C))) , 0x8f1bbcdc, A, B, C, D, E )
+#define T_60_79(t, A, B, C, D, E) SHA_ROUND(t, SHA_MIX, (B^C^D) ,  0xca62c1d6, A, B, C, D, E )
+
+static void blk_SHA1_Block(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx, const unsigned int *data)
+{
+	unsigned int A,B,C,D,E;
+	unsigned int array[16];
+
+	A = ctx->H[0];
+	B = ctx->H[1];
+	C = ctx->H[2];
+	D = ctx->H[3];
+	E = ctx->H[4];
+
+	/* Round 1 - iterations 0-16 take their input from 'data' */
+	T_0_15( 0, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_0_15( 1, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_0_15( 2, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_0_15( 3, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_0_15( 4, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_0_15( 5, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_0_15( 6, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_0_15( 7, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_0_15( 8, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_0_15( 9, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_0_15(10, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_0_15(11, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_0_15(12, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_0_15(13, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_0_15(14, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_0_15(15, A, B, C, D, E);
+
+	/* Round 1 - tail. Input from 512-bit mixing array */
+	T_16_19(16, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_16_19(17, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_16_19(18, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_16_19(19, B, C, D, E, A);
+
+	/* Round 2 */
+	T_20_39(20, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_20_39(21, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_20_39(22, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_20_39(23, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_20_39(24, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_20_39(25, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_20_39(26, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_20_39(27, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_20_39(28, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_20_39(29, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_20_39(30, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_20_39(31, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_20_39(32, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_20_39(33, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_20_39(34, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_20_39(35, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_20_39(36, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_20_39(37, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_20_39(38, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_20_39(39, B, C, D, E, A);
+
+	/* Round 3 */
+	T_40_59(40, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_40_59(41, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_40_59(42, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_40_59(43, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_40_59(44, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_40_59(45, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_40_59(46, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_40_59(47, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_40_59(48, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_40_59(49, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_40_59(50, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_40_59(51, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_40_59(52, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_40_59(53, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_40_59(54, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_40_59(55, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_40_59(56, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_40_59(57, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_40_59(58, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_40_59(59, B, C, D, E, A);
+
+	/* Round 4 */
+	T_60_79(60, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_60_79(61, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_60_79(62, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_60_79(63, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_60_79(64, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_60_79(65, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_60_79(66, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_60_79(67, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_60_79(68, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_60_79(69, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_60_79(70, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_60_79(71, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_60_79(72, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_60_79(73, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_60_79(74, B, C, D, E, A);
+	T_60_79(75, A, B, C, D, E);
+	T_60_79(76, E, A, B, C, D);
+	T_60_79(77, D, E, A, B, C);
+	T_60_79(78, C, D, E, A, B);
+	T_60_79(79, B, C, D, E, A);
+
+	ctx->H[0] += A;
+	ctx->H[1] += B;
+	ctx->H[2] += C;
+	ctx->H[3] += D;
+	ctx->H[4] += E;
+}
+
+void blk_SHA1_Init(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	ctx->size = 0;
+
+	/* Initialize H with the magic constants (see FIPS180 for constants) */
+	ctx->H[0] = 0x67452301;
+	ctx->H[1] = 0xefcdab89;
+	ctx->H[2] = 0x98badcfe;
+	ctx->H[3] = 0x10325476;
+	ctx->H[4] = 0xc3d2e1f0;
+}
+
+void blk_SHA1_Update(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *data, unsigned long len)
+{
+	int lenW = ctx->size & 63;
+
+	ctx->size += len;
+
+	/* Read the data into W and process blocks as they get full */
+	if (lenW) {
+		int left = 64 - lenW;
+		if (len < left)
+			left = len;
+		memcpy(lenW + (char *)ctx->W, data, left);
+		lenW = (lenW + left) & 63;
+		len -= left;
+		data = ((const char *)data + left);
+		if (lenW)
+			return;
+		blk_SHA1_Block(ctx, ctx->W);
+	}
+	while (len >= 64) {
+		blk_SHA1_Block(ctx, data);
+		data = ((const char *)data + 64);
+		len -= 64;
+	}
+	if (len)
+		memcpy(ctx->W, data, len);
+}
+
+void blk_SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], blk_SHA_CTX *ctx)
+{
+	static const unsigned char pad[64] = { 0x80 };
+	unsigned int padlen[2];
+	int i;
+
+	/* Pad with a binary 1 (ie 0x80), then zeroes, then length */
+	padlen[0] = htonl(ctx->size >> 29);
+	padlen[1] = htonl(ctx->size << 3);
+
+	i = ctx->size & 63;
+	blk_SHA1_Update(ctx, pad, 1+ (63 & (55 - i)));
+	blk_SHA1_Update(ctx, padlen, 8);
+
+	/* Output hash */
+	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+		put_be32(hashout + i*4, ctx->H[i]);
+}
diff --git a/block-sha1/sha1.h b/block-sha1/sha1.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b864df623
--- /dev/null
+++ b/block-sha1/sha1.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+ * SHA1 routine optimized to do word accesses rather than byte accesses,
+ * and to avoid unnecessary copies into the context array.
+ *
+ * This was initially based on the Mozilla SHA1 implementation, although
+ * none of the original Mozilla code remains.
+ */
+
+typedef struct {
+	unsigned long long size;
+	unsigned int H[5];
+	unsigned int W[16];
+} blk_SHA_CTX;
+
+void blk_SHA1_Init(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx);
+void blk_SHA1_Update(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *dataIn, unsigned long len);
+void blk_SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], blk_SHA_CTX *ctx);
+
+#define git_SHA_CTX	blk_SHA_CTX
+#define git_SHA1_Init	blk_SHA1_Init
+#define git_SHA1_Update	blk_SHA1_Update
+#define git_SHA1_Final	blk_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/branch.c b/branch.c
index b1ac837f3..05ef3f5c9 100644
--- a/branch.c
+++ b/branch.c
@@ -32,21 +32,59 @@ static int find_tracked_branch(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int should_setup_rebase(const struct tracking *tracking)
+static int should_setup_rebase(const char *origin)
 {
 	switch (autorebase) {
 	case AUTOREBASE_NEVER:
 		return 0;
 	case AUTOREBASE_LOCAL:
-		return tracking->remote == NULL;
+		return origin == NULL;
 	case AUTOREBASE_REMOTE:
-		return tracking->remote != NULL;
+		return origin != NULL;
 	case AUTOREBASE_ALWAYS:
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote)
+{
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int rebasing = should_setup_rebase(origin);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.remote", local);
+	git_config_set(key.buf, origin ? origin : ".");
+
+	strbuf_reset(&key);
+	strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.merge", local);
+	git_config_set(key.buf, remote);
+
+	if (rebasing) {
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
+		strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.rebase", local);
+		git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
+	}
+
+	if (flag & BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE) {
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&key, origin ? "remote" : "local");
+
+		/* Are we tracking a proper "branch"? */
+		if (!prefixcmp(remote, "refs/heads/")) {
+			strbuf_addf(&key, " branch %s", remote + 11);
+			if (origin)
+				strbuf_addf(&key, " from %s", origin);
+		}
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(&key, " ref %s", remote);
+		printf("Branch %s set up to track %s%s.\n",
+		       local, key.buf,
+		       rebasing ? " by rebasing" : "");
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+}
+
 /*
  * This is called when new_ref is branched off of orig_ref, and tries
  * to infer the settings for branch.<new_ref>.{remote,merge} from the
@@ -55,7 +93,6 @@ static int should_setup_rebase(const struct tracking *tracking)
 static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
                           enum branch_track track)
 {
-	char key[1024];
 	struct tracking tracking;
 
 	if (strlen(new_ref) > 1024 - 7 - 7 - 1)
@@ -80,19 +117,10 @@ static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
 		return error("Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s",
 				orig_ref);
 
-	sprintf(key, "branch.%s.remote", new_ref);
-	git_config_set(key, tracking.remote ?  tracking.remote : ".");
-	sprintf(key, "branch.%s.merge", new_ref);
-	git_config_set(key, tracking.src ? tracking.src : orig_ref);
-	printf("Branch %s set up to track %s branch %s.\n", new_ref,
-		tracking.remote ? "remote" : "local", orig_ref);
-	if (should_setup_rebase(&tracking)) {
-		sprintf(key, "branch.%s.rebase", new_ref);
-		git_config_set(key, "true");
-		printf("This branch will rebase on pull.\n");
-	}
-	free(tracking.src);
+	install_branch_config(BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE, new_ref, tracking.remote,
+			      tracking.src ? tracking.src : orig_ref);
 
+	free(tracking.src);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -103,14 +131,14 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *real_ref, ref[PATH_MAX], msg[PATH_MAX + 20];
+	char *real_ref, msg[PATH_MAX + 20];
+	struct strbuf ref = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int forcing = 0;
 
-	snprintf(ref, sizeof ref, "refs/heads/%s", name);
-	if (check_ref_format(ref))
+	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&ref, name))
 		die("'%s' is not a valid branch name.", name);
 
-	if (resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
+	if (resolve_ref(ref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
 		if (!force)
 			die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", name);
 		else if (!is_bare_repository() && !strcmp(head, name))
@@ -142,9 +170,9 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 		die("Not a valid branch point: '%s'.", start_name);
 	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
 
-	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, NULL, 0);
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref.buf, NULL, 0);
 	if (!lock)
-		die("Failed to lock ref for update: %s.", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Failed to lock ref for update");
 
 	if (reflog)
 		log_all_ref_updates = 1;
@@ -160,8 +188,9 @@ void create_branch(const char *head,
 		setup_tracking(name, real_ref, track);
 
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
-		die("Failed to write ref: %s.", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Failed to write ref");
 
+	strbuf_release(&ref);
 	free(real_ref);
 }
 
diff --git a/branch.h b/branch.h
index 9f0c2a2c1..eed817a64 100644
--- a/branch.h
+++ b/branch.h
@@ -21,4 +21,11 @@ void create_branch(const char *head, const char *name, const char *start_name,
  */
 void remove_branch_state(void);
 
+/*
+ * Configure local branch "local" to merge remote branch "remote"
+ * taken from origin "origin".
+ */
+#define BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE 01
+extern void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/builtin-add.c b/builtin-add.c
index ea4e77169..cb6e5906f 100644
--- a/builtin-add.c
+++ b/builtin-add.c
@@ -10,12 +10,14 @@
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_add_usage[] = {
 	"git add [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
 	NULL
 };
-static int patch_interactive = 0, add_interactive = 0;
+static int patch_interactive, add_interactive, edit_interactive;
 static int take_worktree_changes;
 
 static void fill_pathspec_matches(const char **pathspec, char *seen, int specs)
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ static void fill_pathspec_matches(const char **pathspec, char *seen, int specs)
 	int num_unmatched = 0, i;
 
 	/*
-	 * Since we are walking the index as if we are warlking the directory,
+	 * Since we are walking the index as if we were walking the directory,
 	 * we have to mark the matched pathspec as seen; otherwise we will
 	 * mistakenly think that the user gave a pathspec that did not match
 	 * anything.
@@ -61,40 +63,38 @@ static void prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec, int p
 	fill_pathspec_matches(pathspec, seen, specs);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++) {
-		if (!seen[i] && !file_exists(pathspec[i]))
+		if (!seen[i] && pathspec[i][0] && !file_exists(pathspec[i]))
 			die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
 					pathspec[i]);
 	}
         free(seen);
 }
 
-static void fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec,
-		int ignored_too)
+static void treat_gitlinks(const char **pathspec)
 {
-	const char *path, *base;
-	int baselen;
-
-	/* Set up the default git porcelain excludes */
-	memset(dir, 0, sizeof(*dir));
-	if (!ignored_too) {
-		dir->collect_ignored = 1;
-		setup_standard_excludes(dir);
-	}
+	int i;
 
-	/*
-	 * Calculate common prefix for the pathspec, and
-	 * use that to optimize the directory walk
-	 */
-	baselen = common_prefix(pathspec);
-	path = ".";
-	base = "";
-	if (baselen)
-		path = base = xmemdupz(*pathspec, baselen);
-
-	/* Read the directory and prune it */
-	read_directory(dir, path, base, baselen, pathspec);
-	if (pathspec)
-		prune_directory(dir, pathspec, baselen);
+	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+			int len = ce_namelen(ce), j;
+			for (j = 0; pathspec[j]; j++) {
+				int len2 = strlen(pathspec[j]);
+				if (len2 <= len || pathspec[j][len] != '/' ||
+				    memcmp(ce->name, pathspec[j], len))
+					continue;
+				if (len2 == len + 1)
+					/* strip trailing slash */
+					pathspec[j] = xstrndup(ce->name, len);
+				else
+					die ("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'",
+						pathspec[j], len, ce->name);
+			}
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
 	for (specs = 0; pathspec[specs];  specs++)
 		/* nothing */;
 	seen = xcalloc(specs, 1);
-	refresh_index(&the_index, verbose ? REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED : REFRESH_QUIET,
-		      pathspec, seen);
+	refresh_index(&the_index, verbose ? REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN : REFRESH_QUIET,
+		      pathspec, seen, "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:");
 	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++) {
 		if (!seen[i])
 			die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files", pathspec[i]);
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ static const char **validate_pathspec(int argc, const char **argv, const char *p
 	if (pathspec) {
 		const char **p;
 		for (p = pathspec; *p; p++) {
-			if (has_symlink_leading_path(strlen(*p), *p)) {
+			if (has_symlink_leading_path(*p, strlen(*p))) {
 				int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 				die("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", *p + len);
 			}
@@ -131,27 +131,27 @@ static const char **validate_pathspec(int argc, const char **argv, const char *p
 	return pathspec;
 }
 
-int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+int run_add_interactive(const char *revision, const char *patch_mode,
+			const char **pathspec)
 {
-	int status, ac;
+	int status, ac, pc = 0;
 	const char **args;
-	const char **pathspec = NULL;
 
-	if (argc) {
-		pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
-		if (!pathspec)
-			return -1;
-	}
+	if (pathspec)
+		while (pathspec[pc])
+			pc++;
 
-	args = xcalloc(sizeof(const char *), (argc + 4));
+	args = xcalloc(sizeof(const char *), (pc + 5));
 	ac = 0;
 	args[ac++] = "add--interactive";
-	if (patch_interactive)
-		args[ac++] = "--patch";
+	if (patch_mode)
+		args[ac++] = patch_mode;
+	if (revision)
+		args[ac++] = revision;
 	args[ac++] = "--";
-	if (argc) {
-		memcpy(&(args[ac]), pathspec, sizeof(const char *) * argc);
-		ac += argc;
+	if (pc) {
+		memcpy(&(args[ac]), pathspec, sizeof(const char *) * pc);
+		ac += pc;
 	}
 	args[ac] = NULL;
 
@@ -160,6 +160,66 @@ int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return status;
 }
 
+int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char **pathspec = NULL;
+
+	if (argc) {
+		pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
+		if (!pathspec)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	return run_add_interactive(NULL,
+				   patch_interactive ? "--patch" : NULL,
+				   pathspec);
+}
+
+static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	char *file = xstrdup(git_path("ADD_EDIT.patch"));
+	const char *apply_argv[] = { "apply", "--recount", "--cached",
+		file, NULL };
+	struct child_process child;
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	int out;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
+
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die ("Could not read the index");
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
+	rev.diffopt.context = 7;
+
+	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+	out = open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (out < 0)
+		die ("Could not open '%s' for writing.", file);
+	rev.diffopt.file = xfdopen(out, "w");
+	rev.diffopt.close_file = 1;
+	if (run_diff_files(&rev, 0))
+		die ("Could not write patch");
+
+	launch_editor(file, NULL, NULL);
+
+	if (stat(file, &st))
+		die_errno("Could not stat '%s'", file);
+	if (!st.st_size)
+		die("Empty patch. Aborted.");
+
+	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
+	child.git_cmd = 1;
+	child.argv = apply_argv;
+	if (run_command(&child))
+		die ("Could not apply '%s'", file);
+
+	unlink(file);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
 static const char ignore_error[] =
@@ -174,6 +234,7 @@ static struct option builtin_add_options[] = {
 	OPT_GROUP(""),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, "interactive picking"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, "interactive patching"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, "edit current diff and apply"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &ignored_too, "allow adding otherwise ignored files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, "update tracked files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, "record only the fact that the path will be added later"),
@@ -223,14 +284,19 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int add_new_files;
 	int require_pathspec;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_add_options,
-			  builtin_add_usage, 0);
+	git_config(add_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_add_options,
+			  builtin_add_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 	if (patch_interactive)
 		add_interactive = 1;
 	if (add_interactive)
-		exit(interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix));
+		exit(interactive_add(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix));
 
-	git_config(add_config, NULL);
+	if (edit_interactive)
+		return(edit_patch(argc, argv, prefix));
+	argc--;
+	argv++;
 
 	if (addremove && take_worktree_changes)
 		die("-A and -u are mutually incompatible");
@@ -261,10 +327,23 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("index file corrupt");
+	treat_gitlinks(pathspec);
+
+	if (add_new_files) {
+		int baselen;
+
+		/* Set up the default git porcelain excludes */
+		memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+		if (!ignored_too) {
+			dir.flags |= DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED;
+			setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
+		}
 
-	if (add_new_files)
 		/* This picks up the paths that are not tracked */
-		fill_directory(&dir, pathspec, ignored_too);
+		baselen = fill_directory(&dir, pathspec);
+		if (pathspec)
+			prune_directory(&dir, pathspec, baselen);
+	}
 
 	if (refresh_only) {
 		refresh(verbose, pathspec);
diff --git a/builtin-apply.c b/builtin-apply.c
index 4c4d1e177..36e2f9dda 100644
--- a/builtin-apply.c
+++ b/builtin-apply.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 /*
  *  --check turns on checking that the working tree matches the
@@ -45,9 +46,11 @@ static int apply_verbosely;
 static int no_add;
 static const char *fake_ancestor;
 static int line_termination = '\n';
-static unsigned long p_context = ULONG_MAX;
-static const char apply_usage[] =
-"git apply [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--cached] [--apply] [--no-add] [--index-info] [--allow-binary-replacement] [--reverse] [--reject] [--verbose] [-z] [-pNUM] [-CNUM] [--whitespace=<nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all>] <patch>...";
+static unsigned int p_context = UINT_MAX;
+static const char * const apply_usage[] = {
+	"git apply [options] [<patch>...]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static enum ws_error_action {
 	nowarn_ws_error,
@@ -58,9 +61,18 @@ static enum ws_error_action {
 static int whitespace_error;
 static int squelch_whitespace_errors = 5;
 static int applied_after_fixing_ws;
+
+static enum ws_ignore {
+	ignore_ws_none,
+	ignore_ws_change,
+} ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
+
+
 static const char *patch_input_file;
 static const char *root;
 static int root_len;
+static int read_stdin = 1;
+static int options;
 
 static void parse_whitespace_option(const char *option)
 {
@@ -92,6 +104,21 @@ static void parse_whitespace_option(const char *option)
 	die("unrecognized whitespace option '%s'", option);
 }
 
+static void parse_ignorewhitespace_option(const char *option)
+{
+	if (!option || !strcmp(option, "no") ||
+	    !strcmp(option, "false") || !strcmp(option, "never") ||
+	    !strcmp(option, "none")) {
+		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(option, "change")) {
+		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_change;
+		return;
+	}
+	die("unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'", option);
+}
+
 static void set_default_whitespace_mode(const char *whitespace_option)
 {
 	if (!whitespace_option && !apply_default_whitespace)
@@ -126,6 +153,7 @@ struct fragment {
 	const char *patch;
 	int size;
 	int rejected;
+	int linenr;
 	struct fragment *next;
 };
 
@@ -209,6 +237,62 @@ static uint32_t hash_line(const char *cp, size_t len)
 	return h;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Compare lines s1 of length n1 and s2 of length n2, ignoring
+ * whitespace difference. Returns 1 if they match, 0 otherwise
+ */
+static int fuzzy_matchlines(const char *s1, size_t n1,
+			    const char *s2, size_t n2)
+{
+	const char *last1 = s1 + n1 - 1;
+	const char *last2 = s2 + n2 - 1;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	if (n1 < 0 || n2 < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* ignore line endings */
+	while ((*last1 == '\r') || (*last1 == '\n'))
+		last1--;
+	while ((*last2 == '\r') || (*last2 == '\n'))
+		last2--;
+
+	/* skip leading whitespace */
+	while (isspace(*s1) && (s1 <= last1))
+		s1++;
+	while (isspace(*s2) && (s2 <= last2))
+		s2++;
+	/* early return if both lines are empty */
+	if ((s1 > last1) && (s2 > last2))
+		return 1;
+	while (!result) {
+		result = *s1++ - *s2++;
+		/*
+		 * Skip whitespace inside. We check for whitespace on
+		 * both buffers because we don't want "a b" to match
+		 * "ab"
+		 */
+		if (isspace(*s1) && isspace(*s2)) {
+			while (isspace(*s1) && s1 <= last1)
+				s1++;
+			while (isspace(*s2) && s2 <= last2)
+				s2++;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * If we reached the end on one side only,
+		 * lines don't match
+		 */
+		if (
+		    ((s2 > last2) && (s1 <= last1)) ||
+		    ((s1 > last1) && (s2 <= last2)))
+			return 0;
+		if ((s1 > last1) && (s2 > last2))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return !result;
+}
+
 static void add_line_info(struct image *img, const char *bol, size_t len, unsigned flag)
 {
 	ALLOC_GROW(img->line_allocated, img->nr + 1, img->alloc);
@@ -275,7 +359,7 @@ static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *pre,
 static void read_patch_file(struct strbuf *sb, int fd)
 {
 	if (strbuf_read(sb, fd, 0) < 0)
-		die("git apply: read returned %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("git apply: failed to read");
 
 	/*
 	 * Make sure that we have some slop in the buffer
@@ -315,6 +399,20 @@ static int name_terminate(const char *name, int namelen, int c, int terminate)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+/* remove double slashes to make --index work with such filenames */
+static char *squash_slash(char *name)
+{
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+
+	while (name[i]) {
+		if ((name[j++] = name[i++]) == '/')
+			while (name[i] == '/')
+				i++;
+	}
+	name[j] = '\0';
+	return name;
+}
+
 static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 {
 	int len;
@@ -344,7 +442,7 @@ static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 				free(def);
 				if (root)
 					strbuf_insert(&name, 0, root, root_len);
-				return strbuf_detach(&name, NULL);
+				return squash_slash(strbuf_detach(&name, NULL));
 			}
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&name);
@@ -364,10 +462,10 @@ static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 			start = line;
 	}
 	if (!start)
-		return def;
+		return squash_slash(def);
 	len = line - start;
 	if (!len)
-		return def;
+		return squash_slash(def);
 
 	/*
 	 * Generally we prefer the shorter name, especially
@@ -378,7 +476,7 @@ static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 	if (def) {
 		int deflen = strlen(def);
 		if (deflen < len && !strncmp(start, def, deflen))
-			return def;
+			return squash_slash(def);
 		free(def);
 	}
 
@@ -387,10 +485,10 @@ static char *find_name(const char *line, char *def, int p_value, int terminate)
 		strcpy(ret, root);
 		memcpy(ret + root_len, start, len);
 		ret[root_len + len] = '\0';
-		return ret;
+		return squash_slash(ret);
 	}
 
-	return xmemdupz(start, len);
+	return squash_slash(xmemdupz(start, len));
 }
 
 static int count_slashes(const char *cp)
@@ -439,6 +537,76 @@ static int guess_p_value(const char *nameline)
 }
 
 /*
+ * Does the ---/+++ line has the POSIX timestamp after the last HT?
+ * GNU diff puts epoch there to signal a creation/deletion event.  Is
+ * this such a timestamp?
+ */
+static int has_epoch_timestamp(const char *nameline)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We are only interested in epoch timestamp; any non-zero
+	 * fraction cannot be one, hence "(\.0+)?" in the regexp below.
+	 * For the same reason, the date must be either 1969-12-31 or
+	 * 1970-01-01, and the seconds part must be "00".
+	 */
+	const char stamp_regexp[] =
+		"^(1969-12-31|1970-01-01)"
+		" "
+		"[0-2][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]:00(\\.0+)?"
+		" "
+		"([-+][0-2][0-9][0-5][0-9])\n";
+	const char *timestamp = NULL, *cp;
+	static regex_t *stamp;
+	regmatch_t m[10];
+	int zoneoffset;
+	int hourminute;
+	int status;
+
+	for (cp = nameline; *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
+		if (*cp == '\t')
+			timestamp = cp + 1;
+	}
+	if (!timestamp)
+		return 0;
+	if (!stamp) {
+		stamp = xmalloc(sizeof(*stamp));
+		if (regcomp(stamp, stamp_regexp, REG_EXTENDED)) {
+			warning("Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s",
+				stamp_regexp);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	status = regexec(stamp, timestamp, ARRAY_SIZE(m), m, 0);
+	if (status) {
+		if (status != REG_NOMATCH)
+			warning("regexec returned %d for input: %s",
+				status, timestamp);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	zoneoffset = strtol(timestamp + m[3].rm_so + 1, NULL, 10);
+	zoneoffset = (zoneoffset / 100) * 60 + (zoneoffset % 100);
+	if (timestamp[m[3].rm_so] == '-')
+		zoneoffset = -zoneoffset;
+
+	/*
+	 * YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss must be from either 1969-12-31
+	 * (west of GMT) or 1970-01-01 (east of GMT)
+	 */
+	if ((zoneoffset < 0 && memcmp(timestamp, "1969-12-31", 10)) ||
+	    (0 <= zoneoffset && memcmp(timestamp, "1970-01-01", 10)))
+		return 0;
+
+	hourminute = (strtol(timestamp + 11, NULL, 10) * 60 +
+		      strtol(timestamp + 14, NULL, 10) -
+		      zoneoffset);
+
+	return ((zoneoffset < 0 && hourminute == 1440) ||
+		(0 <= zoneoffset && !hourminute));
+}
+
+/*
  * Get the name etc info from the ---/+++ lines of a traditional patch header
  *
  * FIXME! The end-of-filename heuristics are kind of screwy. For existing
@@ -474,7 +642,17 @@ static void parse_traditional_patch(const char *first, const char *second, struc
 	} else {
 		name = find_name(first, NULL, p_value, TERM_SPACE | TERM_TAB);
 		name = find_name(second, name, p_value, TERM_SPACE | TERM_TAB);
-		patch->old_name = patch->new_name = name;
+		if (has_epoch_timestamp(first)) {
+			patch->is_new = 1;
+			patch->is_delete = 0;
+			patch->new_name = name;
+		} else if (has_epoch_timestamp(second)) {
+			patch->is_new = 0;
+			patch->is_delete = 1;
+			patch->old_name = name;
+		} else {
+			patch->old_name = patch->new_name = name;
+		}
 	}
 	if (!name)
 		die("unable to find filename in patch at line %d", linenr);
@@ -630,7 +808,7 @@ static int gitdiff_index(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 	memcpy(patch->new_sha1_prefix, line, len);
 	patch->new_sha1_prefix[len] = 0;
 	if (*ptr == ' ')
-		patch->new_mode = patch->old_mode = strtoul(ptr+1, NULL, 8);
+		patch->old_mode = strtoul(ptr+1, NULL, 8);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -645,12 +823,13 @@ static int gitdiff_unrecognized(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 
 static const char *stop_at_slash(const char *line, int llen)
 {
+	int nslash = p_value;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < llen; i++) {
 		int ch = line[i];
-		if (ch == '/')
-			return line + i;
+		if (ch == '/' && --nslash <= 0)
+			return &line[i];
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -1050,23 +1229,29 @@ static int find_header(char *line, unsigned long size, int *hdrsize, struct patc
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static void check_whitespace(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule)
+static void record_ws_error(unsigned result, const char *line, int len, int linenr)
 {
 	char *err;
-	unsigned result = ws_check(line + 1, len - 1, ws_rule);
+
 	if (!result)
 		return;
 
 	whitespace_error++;
 	if (squelch_whitespace_errors &&
 	    squelch_whitespace_errors < whitespace_error)
-		;
-	else {
-		err = whitespace_error_string(result);
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s.\n%.*s\n",
-			patch_input_file, linenr, err, len - 2, line + 1);
-		free(err);
-	}
+		return;
+
+	err = whitespace_error_string(result);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s.\n%.*s\n",
+		patch_input_file, linenr, err, len, line);
+	free(err);
+}
+
+static void check_whitespace(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule)
+{
+	unsigned result = ws_check(line + 1, len - 1, ws_rule);
+
+	record_ws_error(result, line + 1, len - 2, linenr);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1182,6 +1367,7 @@ static int parse_single_patch(char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patc
 		int len;
 
 		fragment = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*fragment));
+		fragment->linenr = linenr;
 		len = parse_fragment(line, size, patch, fragment);
 		if (len <= 0)
 			die("corrupt patch at line %d", linenr);
@@ -1253,8 +1439,9 @@ static char *inflate_it(const void *data, unsigned long size,
 	stream.avail_in = size;
 	stream.next_out = out = xmalloc(inflated_size);
 	stream.avail_out = inflated_size;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
-	st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != inflated_size) {
 		free(out);
 		return NULL;
@@ -1559,10 +1746,8 @@ static int read_old_data(struct stat *st, const char *path, struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFLNK:
-		strbuf_grow(buf, st->st_size);
-		if (readlink(path, buf->buf, st->st_size) != st->st_size)
-			return -1;
-		strbuf_setlen(buf, st->st_size);
+		if (strbuf_readlink(buf, path, st->st_size) < 0)
+			return error("unable to read symlink %s", path);
 		return 0;
 	case S_IFREG:
 		if (strbuf_read_file(buf, path, st->st_size) != st->st_size)
@@ -1574,10 +1759,17 @@ static int read_old_data(struct stat *st, const char *path, struct strbuf *buf)
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Update the preimage, and the common lines in postimage,
+ * from buffer buf of length len. If postlen is 0 the postimage
+ * is updated in place, otherwise it's updated on a new buffer
+ * of length postlen
+ */
+
 static void update_pre_post_images(struct image *preimage,
 				   struct image *postimage,
 				   char *buf,
-				   size_t len)
+				   size_t len, size_t postlen)
 {
 	int i, ctx;
 	char *new, *old, *fixed;
@@ -1596,11 +1788,19 @@ static void update_pre_post_images(struct image *preimage,
 	*preimage = fixed_preimage;
 
 	/*
-	 * Adjust the common context lines in postimage, in place.
-	 * This is possible because whitespace fixing does not make
-	 * the string grow.
+	 * Adjust the common context lines in postimage. This can be
+	 * done in-place when we are just doing whitespace fixing,
+	 * which does not make the string grow, but needs a new buffer
+	 * when ignoring whitespace causes the update, since in this case
+	 * we could have e.g. tabs converted to multiple spaces.
+	 * We trust the caller to tell us if the update can be done
+	 * in place (postlen==0) or not.
 	 */
-	new = old = postimage->buf;
+	old = postimage->buf;
+	if (postlen)
+		new = postimage->buf = xmalloc(postlen);
+	else
+		new = old;
 	fixed = preimage->buf;
 	for (i = ctx = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
 		size_t len = postimage->line[i].len;
@@ -1675,12 +1875,56 @@ static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
 	    !memcmp(img->buf + try, preimage->buf, preimage->len))
 		return 1;
 
+	/*
+	 * No exact match. If we are ignoring whitespace, run a line-by-line
+	 * fuzzy matching. We collect all the line length information because
+	 * we need it to adjust whitespace if we match.
+	 */
+	if (ws_ignore_action == ignore_ws_change) {
+		size_t imgoff = 0;
+		size_t preoff = 0;
+		size_t postlen = postimage->len;
+		for (i = 0; i < preimage->nr; i++) {
+			size_t prelen = preimage->line[i].len;
+			size_t imglen = img->line[try_lno+i].len;
+
+			if (!fuzzy_matchlines(img->buf + try + imgoff, imglen,
+					      preimage->buf + preoff, prelen))
+				return 0;
+			if (preimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)
+				postlen += imglen - prelen;
+			imgoff += imglen;
+			preoff += prelen;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Ok, the preimage matches with whitespace fuzz. Update it and
+		 * the common postimage lines to use the same whitespace as the
+		 * target. imgoff now holds the true length of the target that
+		 * matches the preimage, and we need to update the line lengths
+		 * of the preimage to match the target ones.
+		 */
+		fixed_buf = xmalloc(imgoff);
+		memcpy(fixed_buf, img->buf + try, imgoff);
+		for (i = 0; i < preimage->nr; i++)
+			preimage->line[i].len = img->line[try_lno+i].len;
+
+		/*
+		 * Update the preimage buffer and the postimage context lines.
+		 */
+		update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
+				fixed_buf, imgoff, postlen);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
 	if (ws_error_action != correct_ws_error)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * The hunk does not apply byte-by-byte, but the hash says
-	 * it might with whitespace fuzz.
+	 * it might with whitespace fuzz. We haven't been asked to
+	 * ignore whitespace, we were asked to correct whitespace
+	 * errors, so let's try matching after whitespace correction.
 	 */
 	fixed_buf = xmalloc(preimage->len + 1);
 	buf = fixed_buf;
@@ -1732,7 +1976,7 @@ static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
 	 * hunk match.  Update the context lines in the postimage.
 	 */
 	update_pre_post_images(preimage, postimage,
-			       fixed_buf, buf - fixed_buf);
+			       fixed_buf, buf - fixed_buf, 0);
 	return 1;
 
  unmatch_exit:
@@ -1907,6 +2151,7 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
 		int len = linelen(patch, size);
 		int plen, added;
 		int added_blank_line = 0;
+		int is_blank_context = 0;
 
 		if (!len)
 			break;
@@ -1939,8 +2184,12 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
 			*new++ = '\n';
 			add_line_info(&preimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
 			add_line_info(&postimage, "\n", 1, LINE_COMMON);
+			is_blank_context = 1;
 			break;
 		case ' ':
+			if (plen && (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
+			    ws_blank_line(patch + 1, plen, ws_rule))
+				is_blank_context = 1;
 		case '-':
 			memcpy(old, patch + 1, plen);
 			add_line_info(&preimage, old, plen,
@@ -1967,7 +2216,8 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
 				      (first == '+' ? 0 : LINE_COMMON));
 			new += added;
 			if (first == '+' &&
-			    added == 1 && new[-1] == '\n')
+			    (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
+			    ws_blank_line(patch + 1, plen, ws_rule))
 				added_blank_line = 1;
 			break;
 		case '@': case '\\':
@@ -1980,6 +2230,8 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
 		}
 		if (added_blank_line)
 			new_blank_lines_at_end++;
+		else if (is_blank_context)
+			;
 		else
 			new_blank_lines_at_end = 0;
 		patch += len;
@@ -2061,17 +2313,24 @@ static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
 	}
 
 	if (applied_pos >= 0) {
-		if (ws_error_action == correct_ws_error &&
-		    new_blank_lines_at_end &&
-		    postimage.nr + applied_pos == img->nr) {
+		if (new_blank_lines_at_end &&
+		    preimage.nr + applied_pos == img->nr &&
+		    (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
+		    ws_error_action != nowarn_ws_error) {
+			record_ws_error(WS_BLANK_AT_EOF, "+", 1, frag->linenr);
+			if (ws_error_action == correct_ws_error) {
+				while (new_blank_lines_at_end--)
+					remove_last_line(&postimage);
+			}
 			/*
-			 * If the patch application adds blank lines
-			 * at the end, and if the patch applies at the
-			 * end of the image, remove those added blank
-			 * lines.
+			 * We would want to prevent write_out_results()
+			 * from taking place in apply_patch() that follows
+			 * the callchain led us here, which is:
+			 * apply_patch->check_patch_list->check_patch->
+			 * apply_data->apply_fragments->apply_one_fragment
 			 */
-			while (new_blank_lines_at_end--)
-				remove_last_line(&postimage);
+			if (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error)
+				apply = 0;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -2267,6 +2526,25 @@ static struct patch *in_fn_table(const char *name)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
+/*
+ * item->util in the filename table records the status of the path.
+ * Usually it points at a patch (whose result records the contents
+ * of it after applying it), but it could be PATH_WAS_DELETED for a
+ * path that a previously applied patch has already removed.
+ */
+ #define PATH_TO_BE_DELETED ((struct patch *) -2)
+#define PATH_WAS_DELETED ((struct patch *) -1)
+
+static int to_be_deleted(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return patch == PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
+}
+
+static int was_deleted(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	return patch == PATH_WAS_DELETED;
+}
+
 static void add_to_fn_table(struct patch *patch)
 {
 	struct string_list_item *item;
@@ -2287,7 +2565,22 @@ static void add_to_fn_table(struct patch *patch)
 	 */
 	if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
 		item = string_list_insert(patch->old_name, &fn_table);
-		item->util = (struct patch *) -1;
+		item->util = PATH_WAS_DELETED;
+	}
+}
+
+static void prepare_fn_table(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	/*
+	 * store information about incoming file deletion
+	 */
+	while (patch) {
+		if ((patch->new_name == NULL) || (patch->is_rename)) {
+			struct string_list_item *item;
+			item = string_list_insert(patch->old_name, &fn_table);
+			item->util = PATH_TO_BE_DELETED;
+		}
+		patch = patch->next;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2300,8 +2593,8 @@ static int apply_data(struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *
 	struct patch *tpatch;
 
 	if (!(patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename) &&
-	    ((tpatch = in_fn_table(patch->old_name)) != NULL)) {
-		if (tpatch == (struct patch *) -1) {
+	    (tpatch = in_fn_table(patch->old_name)) != NULL && !to_be_deleted(tpatch)) {
+		if (was_deleted(tpatch)) {
 			return error("patch %s has been renamed/deleted",
 				patch->old_name);
 		}
@@ -2356,7 +2649,7 @@ static int check_to_create_blob(const char *new_name, int ok_if_exists)
 		 * In such a case, path "new_name" does not exist as
 		 * far as git is concerned.
 		 */
-		if (has_symlink_leading_path(strlen(new_name), new_name))
+		if (has_symlink_leading_path(new_name, strlen(new_name)))
 			return 0;
 
 		return error("%s: already exists in working directory", new_name);
@@ -2395,10 +2688,9 @@ static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct s
 	assert(patch->is_new <= 0);
 
 	if (!(patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename) &&
-	    (tpatch = in_fn_table(old_name)) != NULL) {
-		if (tpatch == (struct patch *) -1) {
+	    (tpatch = in_fn_table(old_name)) != NULL && !to_be_deleted(tpatch)) {
+		if (was_deleted(tpatch))
 			return error("%s: has been deleted/renamed", old_name);
-		}
 		st_mode = tpatch->new_mode;
 	} else if (!cached) {
 		stat_ret = lstat(old_name, st);
@@ -2406,6 +2698,9 @@ static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct s
 			return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
 	}
 
+	if (to_be_deleted(tpatch))
+		tpatch = NULL;
+
 	if (check_index && !tpatch) {
 		int pos = cache_name_pos(old_name, strlen(old_name));
 		if (pos < 0) {
@@ -2437,7 +2732,7 @@ static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct s
 		return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
 	}
 
-	if (!cached)
+	if (!cached && !tpatch)
 		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
 
 	if (patch->is_new < 0)
@@ -2447,8 +2742,10 @@ static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct s
 	if ((st_mode ^ patch->old_mode) & S_IFMT)
 		return error("%s: wrong type", old_name);
 	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: %s has type %o, expected %o\n",
+		warning("%s has type %o, expected %o",
 			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
+	if (!patch->new_mode && !patch->is_delete)
+		patch->new_mode = st_mode;
 	return 0;
 
  is_new:
@@ -2465,6 +2762,7 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch)
 	const char *new_name = patch->new_name;
 	const char *name = old_name ? old_name : new_name;
 	struct cache_entry *ce = NULL;
+	struct patch *tpatch;
 	int ok_if_exists;
 	int status;
 
@@ -2475,7 +2773,8 @@ static int check_patch(struct patch *patch)
 		return status;
 	old_name = patch->old_name;
 
-	if (in_fn_table(new_name) == (struct patch *) -1)
+	if ((tpatch = in_fn_table(new_name)) &&
+			(was_deleted(tpatch) || to_be_deleted(tpatch)))
 		/*
 		 * A type-change diff is always split into a patch to
 		 * delete old, immediately followed by a patch to
@@ -2527,6 +2826,7 @@ static int check_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
 {
 	int err = 0;
 
+	prepare_fn_table(patch);
 	while (patch) {
 		if (apply_verbosely)
 			say_patch_name(stderr,
@@ -2555,7 +2855,7 @@ static int get_current_sha1(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
 static void build_fake_ancestor(struct patch *list, const char *filename)
 {
 	struct patch *patch;
-	struct index_state result = { 0 };
+	struct index_state result = { NULL };
 	int fd;
 
 	/* Once we start supporting the reverse patch, it may be
@@ -2736,7 +3036,7 @@ static void remove_file(struct patch *patch, int rmdir_empty)
 			if (rmdir(patch->old_name))
 				warning("unable to remove submodule %s",
 					patch->old_name);
-		} else if (!unlink(patch->old_name) && rmdir_empty) {
+		} else if (!unlink_or_warn(patch->old_name) && rmdir_empty) {
 			remove_path(patch->old_name);
 		}
 	}
@@ -2764,8 +3064,8 @@ static void add_index_file(const char *path, unsigned mode, void *buf, unsigned
 	} else {
 		if (!cached) {
 			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-				die("unable to stat newly created file %s",
-				    path);
+				die_errno("unable to stat newly created file '%s'",
+					  path);
 			fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
 		}
 		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, blob_type, ce->sha1) < 0)
@@ -2805,7 +3105,7 @@ static int try_create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode, const char *buf,
 	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
 
 	if (close(fd) < 0)
-		die("closing file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("closing file '%s'", path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2846,7 +3146,7 @@ static void create_one_file(char *path, unsigned mode, const char *buf, unsigned
 			if (!try_create_file(newpath, mode, buf, size)) {
 				if (!rename(newpath, path))
 					return;
-				unlink(newpath);
+				unlink_or_warn(newpath);
 				break;
 			}
 			if (errno != EEXIST)
@@ -2854,7 +3154,7 @@ static void create_one_file(char *path, unsigned mode, const char *buf, unsigned
 			++nr;
 		}
 	}
-	die("unable to write file %s mode %o", path, mode);
+	die_errno("unable to write file '%s' mode %o", path, mode);
 }
 
 static void create_file(struct patch *patch)
@@ -2926,8 +3226,7 @@ static int write_out_one_reject(struct patch *patch)
 	cnt = strlen(patch->new_name);
 	if (ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) <= cnt + 5) {
 		cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) - 5;
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"warning: truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej",
+		warning("truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej",
 			cnt - 1, patch->new_name);
 	}
 	memcpy(namebuf, patch->new_name, cnt);
@@ -3134,159 +3433,191 @@ static int git_apply_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "apply.whitespace"))
 		return git_config_string(&apply_default_whitespace, var, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "apply.ignorewhitespace"))
+		return git_config_string(&apply_default_ignorewhitespace, var, value);
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
+static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	add_name_limit(arg, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_include(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	add_name_limit(arg, 0);
+	has_include = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_p(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	p_value = atoi(arg);
+	p_value_known = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset)
+		line_termination = '\n';
+	else
+		line_termination = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_space_change(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset)
+		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_none;
+	else
+		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_change;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_whitespace(const struct option *opt,
+				   const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	const char **whitespace_option = opt->value;
+
+	*whitespace_option = arg;
+	parse_whitespace_option(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_directory(const struct option *opt,
+				  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	root_len = strlen(arg);
+	if (root_len && arg[root_len - 1] != '/') {
+		char *new_root;
+		root = new_root = xmalloc(root_len + 2);
+		strcpy(new_root, arg);
+		strcpy(new_root + root_len++, "/");
+	} else
+		root = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
 
 int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
 	int i;
-	int read_stdin = 1;
-	int options = 0;
 	int errs = 0;
 	int is_not_gitdir;
+	int binary;
+	int force_apply = 0;
 
 	const char *whitespace_option = NULL;
 
+	struct option builtin_apply_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude", NULL, "path",
+			"don't apply changes matching the given path",
+			0, option_parse_exclude },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "include", NULL, "path",
+			"apply changes matching the given path",
+			0, option_parse_include },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'p', NULL, NULL, "num",
+			"remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths",
+			0, option_parse_p },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-add", &no_add,
+			"ignore additions made by the patch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stat", &diffstat,
+			"instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-binary-replacement", &binary,
+		  NULL, "old option, now no-op",
+		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG },
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "binary", &binary,
+		  NULL, "old option, now no-op",
+		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numstat", &numstat,
+			"shows number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &summary,
+			"instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "check", &check,
+			"instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "index", &check_index,
+			"make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cached", &cached,
+			"apply a patch without touching the working tree"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "apply", &force_apply,
+			"also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"),
+		OPT_FILENAME(0, "build-fake-ancestor", &fake_ancestor,
+			"build a temporary index based on embedded index information"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
+			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
+		OPT_INTEGER('C', NULL, &p_context,
+				"ensure at least <n> lines of context match"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "whitespace", &whitespace_option, "action",
+			"detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors",
+			0, option_parse_whitespace },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-space-change", NULL, NULL,
+			"ignore changes in whitespace when finding context",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_space_change },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-whitespace", NULL, NULL,
+			"ignore changes in whitespace when finding context",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_space_change },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('R', "reverse", &apply_in_reverse,
+			"apply the patch in reverse"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unidiff-zero", &unidiff_zero,
+			"don't expect at least one line of context"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reject", &apply_with_reject,
+			"leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&apply_verbosely),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "inaccurate-eof", &options,
+			"tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file",
+			INACCURATE_EOF),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "recount", &options,
+			"do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers",
+			RECOUNT),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "directory", NULL, "root",
+			"prepend <root> to all filenames",
+			0, option_parse_directory },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
 	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&is_not_gitdir);
 	prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 	git_config(git_apply_config, NULL);
 	if (apply_default_whitespace)
 		parse_whitespace_option(apply_default_whitespace);
+	if (apply_default_ignorewhitespace)
+		parse_ignorewhitespace_option(apply_default_ignorewhitespace);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_apply_options,
+			apply_usage, 0);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+	if (apply_with_reject)
+		apply = apply_verbosely = 1;
+	if (!force_apply && (diffstat || numstat || summary || check || fake_ancestor))
+		apply = 0;
+	if (check_index && is_not_gitdir)
+		die("--index outside a repository");
+	if (cached) {
+		if (is_not_gitdir)
+			die("--cached outside a repository");
+		check_index = 1;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		char *end;
 		int fd;
 
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "-")) {
 			errs |= apply_patch(0, "<stdin>", options);
 			read_stdin = 0;
 			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude=")) {
-			add_name_limit(arg + 10, 1);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--include=")) {
-			add_name_limit(arg + 10, 0);
-			has_include = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-p")) {
-			p_value = atoi(arg + 2);
-			p_value_known = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-add")) {
-			no_add = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--stat")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			diffstat = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--allow-binary-replacement") ||
-		    !strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
-			continue; /* now no-op */
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--numstat")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			numstat = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--summary")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			summary = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--check")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			check = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--index")) {
-			if (is_not_gitdir)
-				die("--index outside a repository");
-			check_index = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--cached")) {
-			if (is_not_gitdir)
-				die("--cached outside a repository");
-			check_index = 1;
-			cached = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--apply")) {
-			apply = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--build-fake-ancestor")) {
-			apply = 0;
-			if (++i >= argc)
-				die ("need a filename");
-			fake_ancestor = argv[i];
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-z")) {
-			line_termination = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-C")) {
-			p_context = strtoul(arg + 2, &end, 0);
-			if (*end != '\0')
-				die("unrecognized context count '%s'", arg + 2);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--whitespace=")) {
-			whitespace_option = arg + 13;
-			parse_whitespace_option(arg + 13);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-R") || !strcmp(arg, "--reverse")) {
-			apply_in_reverse = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--unidiff-zero")) {
-			unidiff_zero = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--reject")) {
-			apply = apply_with_reject = apply_verbosely = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-v") || !strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
-			apply_verbosely = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--inaccurate-eof")) {
-			options |= INACCURATE_EOF;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--recount")) {
-			options |= RECOUNT;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--directory=")) {
-			arg += strlen("--directory=");
-			root_len = strlen(arg);
-			if (root_len && arg[root_len - 1] != '/') {
-				char *new_root;
-				root = new_root = xmalloc(root_len + 2);
-				strcpy(new_root, arg);
-				strcpy(new_root + root_len++, "/");
-			} else
-				root = arg;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (0 < prefix_length)
+		} else if (0 < prefix_length)
 			arg = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 
 		fd = open(arg, O_RDONLY);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die("can't open patch '%s': %s", arg, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("can't open patch '%s'", arg);
 		read_stdin = 0;
 		set_default_whitespace_mode(whitespace_option);
 		errs |= apply_patch(fd, arg, options);
@@ -3300,8 +3631,8 @@ int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 		    squelch_whitespace_errors < whitespace_error) {
 			int squelched =
 				whitespace_error - squelch_whitespace_errors;
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: squelched %d "
-				"whitespace error%s\n",
+			warning("squelched %d "
+				"whitespace error%s",
 				squelched,
 				squelched == 1 ? "" : "s");
 		}
@@ -3311,12 +3642,12 @@ int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 			    whitespace_error == 1 ? "" : "s",
 			    whitespace_error == 1 ? "s" : "");
 		if (applied_after_fixing_ws && apply)
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: %d line%s applied after"
-				" fixing whitespace errors.\n",
+			warning("%d line%s applied after"
+				" fixing whitespace errors.",
 				applied_after_fixing_ws,
 				applied_after_fixing_ws == 1 ? "" : "s");
 		else if (whitespace_error)
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: %d line%s add%s whitespace errors.\n",
+			warning("%d line%s add%s whitespace errors.",
 				whitespace_error,
 				whitespace_error == 1 ? "" : "s",
 				whitespace_error == 1 ? "s" : "");
diff --git a/builtin-archive.c b/builtin-archive.c
index 5ceec433f..faf4554d5 100644
--- a/builtin-archive.c
+++ b/builtin-archive.c
@@ -5,44 +5,35 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "archive.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
 
-static int run_remote_archiver(const char *remote, int argc,
-			       const char **argv)
+static void create_output_file(const char *output_file)
+{
+	int output_fd = open(output_file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0666);
+	if (output_fd < 0)
+		die_errno("could not create archive file '%s'", output_file);
+	if (output_fd != 1) {
+		if (dup2(output_fd, 1) < 0)
+			die_errno("could not redirect output");
+		else
+			close(output_fd);
+	}
+}
+
+static int run_remote_archiver(int argc, const char **argv,
+			       const char *remote, const char *exec)
 {
 	char *url, buf[LARGE_PACKET_MAX];
 	int fd[2], i, len, rv;
 	struct child_process *conn;
-	const char *exec = "git-upload-archive";
-	int exec_at = 0, exec_value_at = 0;
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-			if (exec_at)
-				die("multiple --exec specified");
-			exec = arg + 7;
-			exec_at = i;
-		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--exec")) {
-			if (exec_at)
-				die("multiple --exec specified");
-			if (i + 1 >= argc)
-				die("option --exec requires a value");
-			exec = argv[i + 1];
-			exec_at = i;
-			exec_value_at = ++i;
-		}
-	}
 
 	url = xstrdup(remote);
 	conn = git_connect(fd, url, exec, 0);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (i == exec_at || i == exec_value_at)
-			continue;
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
 		packet_write(fd[1], "argument %s\n", argv[i]);
-	}
 	packet_flush(fd[1]);
 
 	len = packet_read_line(fd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
@@ -61,7 +52,7 @@ static int run_remote_archiver(const char *remote, int argc,
 		die("git archive: expected a flush");
 
 	/* Now, start reading from fd[0] and spit it out to stdout */
-	rv = recv_sideband("archive", fd[0], 1, 2);
+	rv = recv_sideband("archive", fd[0], 1);
 	close(fd[0]);
 	close(fd[1]);
 	rv |= finish_connect(conn);
@@ -69,51 +60,65 @@ static int run_remote_archiver(const char *remote, int argc,
 	return !!rv;
 }
 
-static const char *extract_remote_arg(int *ac, const char **av)
+static const char *format_from_name(const char *filename)
 {
-	int ix, iy, cnt = *ac;
-	int no_more_options = 0;
-	const char *remote = NULL;
-
-	for (ix = iy = 1; ix < cnt; ix++) {
-		const char *arg = av[ix];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--"))
-			no_more_options = 1;
-		if (!no_more_options) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--remote=")) {
-				if (remote)
-					die("Multiple --remote specified");
-				remote = arg + 9;
-				continue;
-			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remote")) {
-				if (remote)
-					die("Multiple --remote specified");
-				if (++ix >= cnt)
-					die("option --remote requires a value");
-				remote = av[ix];
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (arg[0] != '-')
-				no_more_options = 1;
-		}
-		if (ix != iy)
-			av[iy] = arg;
-		iy++;
-	}
-	if (remote) {
-		av[--cnt] = NULL;
-		*ac = cnt;
-	}
-	return remote;
+	const char *ext = strrchr(filename, '.');
+	if (!ext)
+		return NULL;
+	ext++;
+	if (!strcasecmp(ext, "zip"))
+		return "--format=zip";
+	return NULL;
 }
 
+#define PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ALL ( PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH | 	\
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | 	\
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |	\
+			     PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP	)
+
 int cmd_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	const char *exec = "git-upload-archive";
+	const char *output = NULL;
 	const char *remote = NULL;
+	const char *format_option = NULL;
+	struct option local_opts[] = {
+		OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output, "file",
+			"write the archive to this file"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, "repo",
+			"retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, "cmd",
+			"path to the remote git-upload-archive command"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, local_opts, NULL,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ALL);
+
+	if (output) {
+		create_output_file(output);
+		format_option = format_from_name(output);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We have enough room in argv[] to muck it in place, because
+	 * --output must have been given on the original command line
+	 * if we get to this point, and parse_options() must have eaten
+	 * it, i.e. we can add back one element to the array.
+	 *
+	 * We add a fake --format option at the beginning, with the
+	 * format inferred from our output filename.  This way explicit
+	 * --format options can override it, and the fake option is
+	 * inserted before any "--" that might have been given.
+	 */
+	if (format_option) {
+		memmove(argv + 2, argv + 1, sizeof(*argv) * argc);
+		argv[1] = format_option;
+		argv[++argc] = NULL;
+	}
 
-	remote = extract_remote_arg(&argc, argv);
 	if (remote)
-		return run_remote_archiver(remote, argc, argv);
+		return run_remote_archiver(argc, argv, remote, exec);
 
 	setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ);
 
diff --git a/builtin-bisect--helper.c b/builtin-bisect--helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5b226399e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-bisect--helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "bisect.h"
+
+static const char * const git_bisect_helper_usage[] = {
+	"git bisect--helper --next-all",
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int next_all = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "next-all", &next_all,
+			    "perform 'git bisect next'"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			     git_bisect_helper_usage, 0);
+
+	if (!next_all)
+		usage_with_options(git_bisect_helper_usage, options);
+
+	/* next-all */
+	return bisect_next_all(prefix);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-blame.c b/builtin-blame.c
index a0d60145f..10f7eacf6 100644
--- a/builtin-blame.c
+++ b/builtin-blame.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Pickaxe
+ * Blame
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2006, Junio C Hamano
  */
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 static char blame_usage[] = "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file";
 
@@ -39,6 +40,10 @@ static int reverse;
 static int blank_boundary;
 static int incremental;
 static int xdl_opts = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
+
+static enum date_mode blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
+static size_t blame_date_width;
+
 static struct string_list mailmap;
 
 #ifndef DEBUG
@@ -73,6 +78,7 @@ static unsigned blame_copy_score;
  */
 struct origin {
 	int refcnt;
+	struct origin *previous;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	mmfile_t file;
 	unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
@@ -114,6 +120,8 @@ static inline struct origin *origin_incref(struct origin *o)
 static void origin_decref(struct origin *o)
 {
 	if (o && --o->refcnt <= 0) {
+		if (o->previous)
+			origin_decref(o->previous);
 		free(o->file.ptr);
 		free(o);
 	}
@@ -354,18 +362,28 @@ static struct origin *find_origin(struct scoreboard *sb,
 			       "", &diff_opts);
 	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
 
-	/* It is either one entry that says "modified", or "created",
-	 * or nothing.
-	 */
 	if (!diff_queued_diff.nr) {
 		/* The path is the same as parent */
 		porigin = get_origin(sb, parent, origin->path);
 		hashcpy(porigin->blob_sha1, origin->blob_sha1);
-	}
-	else if (diff_queued_diff.nr != 1)
-		die("internal error in blame::find_origin");
-	else {
-		struct diff_filepair *p = diff_queued_diff.queue[0];
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Since origin->path is a pathspec, if the parent
+		 * commit had it as a directory, we will see a whole
+		 * bunch of deletion of files in the directory that we
+		 * do not care about.
+		 */
+		int i;
+		struct diff_filepair *p = NULL;
+		for (i = 0; i < diff_queued_diff.nr; i++) {
+			const char *name;
+			p = diff_queued_diff.queue[i];
+			name = p->one->path ? p->one->path : p->two->path;
+			if (!strcmp(name, origin->path))
+				break;
+		}
+		if (!p)
+			die("internal error in blame::find_origin");
 		switch (p->status) {
 		default:
 			die("internal error in blame::find_origin (%c)",
@@ -865,7 +883,7 @@ static void find_copy_in_blob(struct scoreboard *sb,
 	 * Prepare mmfile that contains only the lines in ent.
 	 */
 	cp = nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
-	file_o.ptr = (char*) cp;
+	file_o.ptr = (char *) cp;
 	cnt = ent->num_lines;
 
 	while (cnt && cp < sb->final_buf + sb->final_buf_size) {
@@ -1197,6 +1215,10 @@ static void pass_blame(struct scoreboard *sb, struct origin *origin, int opt)
 		struct origin *porigin = sg_origin[i];
 		if (!porigin)
 			continue;
+		if (!origin->previous) {
+			origin_incref(porigin);
+			origin->previous = porigin;
+		}
 		if (pass_blame_to_parent(sb, origin, porigin))
 			goto finish;
 	}
@@ -1263,11 +1285,12 @@ struct commit_info
  * Parse author/committer line in the commit object buffer
  */
 static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
-			int bufsz, char *person, const char **mail,
+			int person_len, char *person,
+			int mail_len, char *mail,
 			unsigned long *time, const char **tz)
 {
 	int len, tzlen, maillen;
-	char *tmp, *endp, *timepos;
+	char *tmp, *endp, *timepos, *mailpos;
 
 	tmp = strstr(inbuf, what);
 	if (!tmp)
@@ -1278,10 +1301,12 @@ static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
 		len = strlen(tmp);
 	else
 		len = endp - tmp;
-	if (bufsz <= len) {
+	if (person_len <= len) {
 	error_out:
 		/* Ugh */
-		*mail = *tz = "(unknown)";
+		*tz = "(unknown)";
+		strcpy(person, *tz);
+		strcpy(mail, *tz);
 		*time = 0;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1290,23 +1315,30 @@ static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
 	tmp = person;
 	tmp += len;
 	*tmp = 0;
-	while (*tmp != ' ')
+	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
 		tmp--;
+	if (tmp <= person)
+		goto error_out;
 	*tz = tmp+1;
 	tzlen = (person+len)-(tmp+1);
 
 	*tmp = 0;
-	while (*tmp != ' ')
+	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
 		tmp--;
+	if (tmp <= person)
+		goto error_out;
 	*time = strtoul(tmp, NULL, 10);
 	timepos = tmp;
 
 	*tmp = 0;
-	while (*tmp != ' ')
+	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
 		tmp--;
-	*mail = tmp + 1;
+	if (tmp <= person)
+		return;
+	mailpos = tmp + 1;
 	*tmp = 0;
 	maillen = timepos - tmp;
+	memcpy(mail, mailpos, maillen);
 
 	if (!mailmap.nr)
 		return;
@@ -1315,20 +1347,23 @@ static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
 	 * mailmap expansion may make the name longer.
 	 * make room by pushing stuff down.
 	 */
-	tmp = person + bufsz - (tzlen + 1);
+	tmp = person + person_len - (tzlen + 1);
 	memmove(tmp, *tz, tzlen);
 	tmp[tzlen] = 0;
 	*tz = tmp;
 
-	tmp = tmp - (maillen + 1);
-	memmove(tmp, *mail, maillen);
-	tmp[maillen] = 0;
-	*mail = tmp;
-
 	/*
-	 * Now, convert e-mail using mailmap
+	 * Now, convert both name and e-mail using mailmap
 	 */
-	map_email(&mailmap, tmp + 1, person, tmp-person-1);
+	if (map_user(&mailmap, mail+1, mail_len-1, person, tmp-person-1)) {
+		/* Add a trailing '>' to email, since map_user returns plain emails
+		   Note: It already has '<', since we replace from mail+1 */
+		mailpos = memchr(mail, '\0', mail_len);
+		if (mailpos && mailpos-mail < mail_len - 1) {
+			*mailpos = '>';
+			*(mailpos+1) = '\0';
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
@@ -1337,8 +1372,10 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 {
 	int len;
 	char *tmp, *endp, *reencoded, *message;
-	static char author_buf[1024];
-	static char committer_buf[1024];
+	static char author_name[1024];
+	static char author_mail[1024];
+	static char committer_name[1024];
+	static char committer_mail[1024];
 	static char summary_buf[1024];
 
 	/*
@@ -1356,9 +1393,11 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 	}
 	reencoded = reencode_commit_message(commit, NULL);
 	message   = reencoded ? reencoded : commit->buffer;
-	ret->author = author_buf;
+	ret->author = author_name;
+	ret->author_mail = author_mail;
 	get_ac_line(message, "\nauthor ",
-		    sizeof(author_buf), author_buf, &ret->author_mail,
+		    sizeof(author_name), author_name,
+		    sizeof(author_mail), author_mail,
 		    &ret->author_time, &ret->author_tz);
 
 	if (!detailed) {
@@ -1366,9 +1405,11 @@ static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	ret->committer = committer_buf;
+	ret->committer = committer_name;
+	ret->committer_mail = committer_mail;
 	get_ac_line(message, "\ncommitter ",
-		    sizeof(committer_buf), committer_buf, &ret->committer_mail,
+		    sizeof(committer_name), committer_name,
+		    sizeof(committer_mail), committer_mail,
 		    &ret->committer_time, &ret->committer_tz);
 
 	ret->summary = summary_buf;
@@ -1402,6 +1443,39 @@ static void write_filename_info(const char *path)
 }
 
 /*
+ * Porcelain/Incremental format wants to show a lot of details per
+ * commit.  Instead of repeating this every line, emit it only once,
+ * the first time each commit appears in the output.
+ */
+static int emit_one_suspect_detail(struct origin *suspect)
+{
+	struct commit_info ci;
+
+	if (suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)
+		return 0;
+
+	suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
+	get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
+	printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
+	printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
+	printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
+	printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
+	printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
+	printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
+	printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
+	printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
+	printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
+	if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+		printf("boundary\n");
+	if (suspect->previous) {
+		struct origin *prev = suspect->previous;
+		printf("previous %s ", sha1_to_hex(prev->commit->object.sha1));
+		write_name_quoted(prev->path, stdout, '\n');
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
  * The blame_entry is found to be guilty for the range.  Mark it
  * as such, and show it in incremental output.
  */
@@ -1416,22 +1490,7 @@ static void found_guilty_entry(struct blame_entry *ent)
 		printf("%s %d %d %d\n",
 		       sha1_to_hex(suspect->commit->object.sha1),
 		       ent->s_lno + 1, ent->lno + 1, ent->num_lines);
-		if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
-			struct commit_info ci;
-			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
-			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-			printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
-			printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
-			printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
-			printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
-			printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
-			printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
-			printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
-			printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
-			printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
-			if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-				printf("boundary\n");
-		}
+		emit_one_suspect_detail(suspect);
 		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
 		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
 	}
@@ -1494,24 +1553,20 @@ static const char *format_time(unsigned long time, const char *tz_str,
 			       int show_raw_time)
 {
 	static char time_buf[128];
-	time_t t = time;
-	int minutes, tz;
-	struct tm *tm;
+	const char *time_str;
+	int time_len;
+	int tz;
 
 	if (show_raw_time) {
 		sprintf(time_buf, "%lu %s", time, tz_str);
-		return time_buf;
 	}
-
-	tz = atoi(tz_str);
-	minutes = tz < 0 ? -tz : tz;
-	minutes = (minutes / 100)*60 + (minutes % 100);
-	minutes = tz < 0 ? -minutes : minutes;
-	t = time + minutes * 60;
-	tm = gmtime(&t);
-
-	strftime(time_buf, sizeof(time_buf), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S ", tm);
-	strcat(time_buf, tz_str);
+	else {
+		tz = atoi(tz_str);
+		time_str = show_date(time, tz, blame_date_mode);
+		time_len = strlen(time_str);
+		memcpy(time_buf, time_str, time_len);
+		memset(time_buf + time_len, ' ', blame_date_width - time_len);
+	}
 	return time_buf;
 }
 
@@ -1538,24 +1593,8 @@ static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent)
 	       ent->s_lno + 1,
 	       ent->lno + 1,
 	       ent->num_lines);
-	if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
-		struct commit_info ci;
-		suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
-		get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-		printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
-		printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
-		printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
-		printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
-		printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
-		printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
-		printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
-		printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
-		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
-		printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
-		if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			printf("boundary\n");
-	}
-	else if (suspect->commit->object.flags & MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH)
+	if (emit_one_suspect_detail(suspect) ||
+	    (suspect->commit->object.flags & MORE_THAN_ONE_PATH))
 		write_filename_info(suspect->path);
 
 	cp = nth_line(sb, ent->lno);
@@ -1572,6 +1611,9 @@ static void emit_porcelain(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent)
 		} while (ch != '\n' &&
 			 cp < sb->final_buf + sb->final_buf_size);
 	}
+
+	if (sb->final_buf_size && cp[-1] != '\n')
+		putchar('\n');
 }
 
 static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
@@ -1618,13 +1660,14 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 				printf(" %*d", max_orig_digits,
 				       ent->s_lno + 1 + cnt);
 
-			if (!(opt & OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR))
-				printf(" (%-*.*s %10s",
-				       longest_author, longest_author,
-				       ci.author,
+			if (!(opt & OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR)) {
+				int pad = longest_author - utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
+				printf(" (%s%*s %10s",
+				       ci.author, pad, "",
 				       format_time(ci.author_time,
 						   ci.author_tz,
 						   show_raw_time));
+			}
 			printf(" %*d) ",
 			       max_digits, ent->lno + 1 + cnt);
 		}
@@ -1634,6 +1677,9 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 		} while (ch != '\n' &&
 			 cp < sb->final_buf + sb->final_buf_size);
 	}
+
+	if (sb->final_buf_size && cp[-1] != '\n')
+		putchar('\n');
 }
 
 static void output(struct scoreboard *sb, int option)
@@ -1681,7 +1727,7 @@ static int prepare_lines(struct scoreboard *sb)
 	while (len--) {
 		if (bol) {
 			sb->lineno = xrealloc(sb->lineno,
-					      sizeof(int* ) * (num + 1));
+					      sizeof(int *) * (num + 1));
 			sb->lineno[num] = buf - sb->final_buf;
 			bol = 0;
 		}
@@ -1691,7 +1737,7 @@ static int prepare_lines(struct scoreboard *sb)
 		}
 	}
 	sb->lineno = xrealloc(sb->lineno,
-			      sizeof(int* ) * (num + incomplete + 1));
+			      sizeof(int *) * (num + incomplete + 1));
 	sb->lineno[num + incomplete] = buf - sb->final_buf;
 	sb->num_lines = num + incomplete;
 	return sb->num_lines;
@@ -1755,7 +1801,7 @@ static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 		if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
 			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-			num = strlen(ci.author);
+			num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
 			if (longest_author < num)
 				longest_author = num;
 		}
@@ -1792,36 +1838,6 @@ static void sanity_check_refcnt(struct scoreboard *sb)
 			baa = 1;
 		}
 	}
-	for (ent = sb->ent; ent; ent = ent->next) {
-		/* Mark the ones that haven't been checked */
-		if (0 < ent->suspect->refcnt)
-			ent->suspect->refcnt = -ent->suspect->refcnt;
-	}
-	for (ent = sb->ent; ent; ent = ent->next) {
-		/*
-		 * ... then pick each and see if they have the the
-		 * correct refcnt.
-		 */
-		int found;
-		struct blame_entry *e;
-		struct origin *suspect = ent->suspect;
-
-		if (0 < suspect->refcnt)
-			continue;
-		suspect->refcnt = -suspect->refcnt; /* Unmark */
-		for (found = 0, e = sb->ent; e; e = e->next) {
-			if (e->suspect != suspect)
-				continue;
-			found++;
-		}
-		if (suspect->refcnt != found) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s in %s has refcnt %d, not %d\n",
-				ent->suspect->path,
-				sha1_to_hex(ent->suspect->commit->object.sha1),
-				ent->suspect->refcnt, found);
-			baa = 2;
-		}
-	}
 	if (baa) {
 		int opt = 0160;
 		find_alignment(sb, &opt);
@@ -1896,7 +1912,7 @@ static const char *parse_loc(const char *spec,
 		return spec;
 
 	/* it could be a regexp of form /.../ */
-	for (term = (char*) spec + 1; *term && *term != '/'; term++) {
+	for (term = (char *) spec + 1; *term && *term != '/'; term++) {
 		if (*term == '\\')
 			term++;
 	}
@@ -1961,6 +1977,12 @@ static int git_blame_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		blank_boundary = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "blame.date")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		blame_date_mode = parse_date_format(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
@@ -1996,29 +2018,26 @@ static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *con
 	if (!contents_from || strcmp("-", contents_from)) {
 		struct stat st;
 		const char *read_from;
-		unsigned long fin_size;
 
 		if (contents_from) {
 			if (stat(contents_from, &st) < 0)
-				die("Cannot stat %s", contents_from);
+				die_errno("Cannot stat '%s'", contents_from);
 			read_from = contents_from;
 		}
 		else {
 			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-				die("Cannot lstat %s", path);
+				die_errno("Cannot lstat '%s'", path);
 			read_from = path;
 		}
-		fin_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 		mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
 		switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 		case S_IFREG:
 			if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
-				die("cannot open or read %s", read_from);
+				die_errno("cannot open or read '%s'", read_from);
 			break;
 		case S_IFLNK:
-			if (readlink(read_from, buf.buf, buf.alloc) != fin_size)
-				die("cannot readlink %s", read_from);
-			buf.len = fin_size;
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) < 0)
+				die_errno("cannot readlink '%s'", read_from);
 			break;
 		default:
 			die("unsupported file type %s", read_from);
@@ -2029,7 +2048,7 @@ static struct commit *fake_working_tree_commit(const char *path, const char *con
 		contents_from = "standard input";
 		mode = 0;
 		if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
-			die("read error %s from stdin", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("failed to read from stdin");
 	}
 	convert_to_git(path, buf.buf, buf.len, &buf, 0);
 	origin->file.ptr = buf.buf;
@@ -2228,10 +2247,12 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_blame_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
+	revs.date_mode = blame_date_mode;
+
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 	dashdash_pos = 0;
 
-	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
 			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 	for (;;) {
 		switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, blame_opt_usage)) {
@@ -2252,8 +2273,38 @@ int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 parse_done:
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
-	if (cmd_is_annotate)
+	if (revs_file && read_ancestry(revs_file))
+		die_errno("reading graft file '%s' failed", revs_file);
+
+	if (cmd_is_annotate) {
 		output_option |= OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT;
+		blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
+	} else {
+		blame_date_mode = revs.date_mode;
+	}
+
+	/* The maximum width used to show the dates */
+	switch (blame_date_mode) {
+	case DATE_RFC2822:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("Thu, 19 Oct 2006 16:00:04 -0700");
+		break;
+	case DATE_ISO8601:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("2006-10-19 16:00:04 -0700");
+		break;
+	case DATE_RAW:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("1161298804 -0700");
+		break;
+	case DATE_SHORT:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("2006-10-19");
+		break;
+	case DATE_RELATIVE:
+		/* "normal" is used as the fallback for "relative" */
+	case DATE_LOCAL:
+	case DATE_NORMAL:
+		blame_date_width = sizeof("Thu Oct 19 16:00:04 2006 -0700");
+		break;
+	}
+	blame_date_width -= 1; /* strip the null */
 
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER))
 		opt |= (PICKAXE_BLAME_COPY | PICKAXE_BLAME_MOVE |
@@ -2311,9 +2362,10 @@ parse_done:
 
 		setup_work_tree();
 		if (!has_string_in_work_tree(path))
-			die("cannot stat path %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("cannot stat path '%s'", path);
 	}
 
+	revs.disable_stdin = 1;
 	setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 	memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb));
 
@@ -2381,7 +2433,7 @@ parse_done:
 	if (top < 1)
 		top = lno;
 	bottom--;
-	if (lno < top)
+	if (lno < top || lno < bottom)
 		die("file %s has only %lu lines", path, lno);
 
 	ent = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ent));
@@ -2393,11 +2445,7 @@ parse_done:
 	sb.ent = ent;
 	sb.path = path;
 
-	if (revs_file && read_ancestry(revs_file))
-		die("reading graft file %s failed: %s",
-		    revs_file, strerror(errno));
-
-	read_mailmap(&mailmap, ".mailmap", NULL);
+	read_mailmap(&mailmap, NULL);
 
 	if (!incremental)
 		setup_pager();
diff --git a/builtin-branch.c b/builtin-branch.c
index 494cbac00..ddc9f2dab 100644
--- a/builtin-branch.c
+++ b/builtin-branch.c
@@ -32,18 +32,18 @@ static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 
 static int branch_use_color = -1;
 static char branch_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
-	"\033[m",	/* reset */
-	"",		/* PLAIN (normal) */
-	"\033[31m",	/* REMOTE (red) */
-	"",		/* LOCAL (normal) */
-	"\033[32m",	/* CURRENT (green) */
+	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* PLAIN */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,		/* REMOTE */
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* LOCAL */
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,	/* CURRENT */
 };
 enum color_branch {
-	COLOR_BRANCH_RESET = 0,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_PLAIN = 1,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_REMOTE = 2,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_LOCAL = 3,
-	COLOR_BRANCH_CURRENT = 4,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_RESET = 0,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN = 1,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE = 2,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL = 3,
+	BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT = 4,
 };
 
 static enum merge_filter {
@@ -56,16 +56,16 @@ static unsigned char merge_filter_ref[20];
 static int parse_branch_color_slot(const char *var, int ofs)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "plain"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_PLAIN;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "reset"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_RESET;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_RESET;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "remote"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_REMOTE;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "local"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_LOCAL;
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "current"))
-		return COLOR_BRANCH_CURRENT;
-	die("bad config variable '%s'", var);
+		return BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT;
+	return -1;
 }
 
 static int git_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@ static int git_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	}
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "color.branch.")) {
 		int slot = parse_branch_color_slot(var, 13);
+		if (slot < 0)
+			return 0;
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		color_parse(value, var, branch_colors[slot]);
@@ -99,6 +101,7 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 	const char *fmt, *remote;
 	int i;
 	int ret = 0;
+	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	switch (kinds) {
 	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
@@ -119,20 +122,21 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 		if (!head_rev)
 			die("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD");
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, argv[i])) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++, strbuf_release(&bname)) {
+		strbuf_branchname(&bname, argv[i]);
+		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, bname.buf)) {
 			error("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
-				"which you are currently on.", argv[i]);
+			      "which you are currently on.", bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		free(name);
 
-		name = xstrdup(mkpath(fmt, argv[i]));
+		name = xstrdup(mkpath(fmt, bname.buf));
 		if (!resolve_ref(name, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
 			error("%sbranch '%s' not found.",
-					remote, argv[i]);
+					remote, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -152,21 +156,23 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 		if (!force &&
 		    !in_merge_bases(rev, &head_rev, 1)) {
 			error("The branch '%s' is not an ancestor of "
-				"your current HEAD.\n"
-				"If you are sure you want to delete it, "
-				"run 'git branch -D %s'.", argv[i], argv[i]);
+			      "your current HEAD.\n"
+			      "If you are sure you want to delete it, "
+			      "run 'git branch -D %s'.", bname.buf, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (delete_ref(name, sha1, 0)) {
 			error("Error deleting %sbranch '%s'", remote,
-			       argv[i]);
+			      bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 		} else {
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-			printf("Deleted %sbranch %s.\n", remote, argv[i]);
-			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s", argv[i]);
+			printf("Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n", remote,
+			       bname.buf,
+			       find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s", bname.buf);
 			if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 0)
 				warning("Update of config-file failed");
 			strbuf_release(&buf);
@@ -180,31 +186,31 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 
 struct ref_item {
 	char *name;
-	unsigned int kind;
+	char *dest;
+	unsigned int kind, len;
 	struct commit *commit;
 };
 
 struct ref_list {
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	int index, alloc, maxwidth;
+	int index, alloc, maxwidth, verbose, abbrev;
 	struct ref_item *list;
 	struct commit_list *with_commit;
 	int kinds;
 };
 
-static int has_commit(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
+static char *resolve_symref(const char *src, const char *prefix)
 {
-	if (!with_commit)
-		return 1;
-	while (with_commit) {
-		struct commit *other;
-
-		other = with_commit->item;
-		with_commit = with_commit->next;
-		if (in_merge_bases(other, &commit, 1))
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int flag;
+	const char *dst, *cp;
+
+	dst = resolve_ref(src, sha1, 0, &flag);
+	if (!(dst && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)))
+		return NULL;
+	if (prefix && (cp = skip_prefix(dst, prefix)))
+		dst = cp;
+	return xstrdup(dst);
 }
 
 static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
@@ -212,34 +218,48 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags,
 	struct ref_list *ref_list = (struct ref_list*)(cb_data);
 	struct ref_item *newitem;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	int kind;
-	int len;
+	int kind, i;
+	const char *prefix, *orig_refname = refname;
+
+	static struct {
+		int kind;
+		const char *prefix;
+		int pfxlen;
+	} ref_kind[] = {
+		{ REF_LOCAL_BRANCH, "refs/heads/", 11 },
+		{ REF_REMOTE_BRANCH, "refs/remotes/", 13 },
+	};
 
 	/* Detect kind */
-	if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/")) {
-		kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-		refname += 11;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes/")) {
-		kind = REF_REMOTE_BRANCH;
-		refname += 13;
-	} else
-		return 0;
-
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
-	if (!commit)
-		return error("branch '%s' does not point at a commit", refname);
-
-	/* Filter with with_commit if specified */
-	if (!has_commit(commit, ref_list->with_commit))
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ref_kind); i++) {
+		prefix = ref_kind[i].prefix;
+		if (strncmp(refname, prefix, ref_kind[i].pfxlen))
+			continue;
+		kind = ref_kind[i].kind;
+		refname += ref_kind[i].pfxlen;
+		break;
+	}
+	if (ARRAY_SIZE(ref_kind) <= i)
 		return 0;
 
 	/* Don't add types the caller doesn't want */
 	if ((kind & ref_list->kinds) == 0)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
-		add_pending_object(&ref_list->revs,
-				   (struct object *)commit, refname);
+	commit = NULL;
+	if (ref_list->verbose || ref_list->with_commit || merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+		if (!commit)
+			return error("branch '%s' does not point at a commit", refname);
+
+		/* Filter with with_commit if specified */
+		if (!is_descendant_of(commit, ref_list->with_commit))
+			return 0;
+
+		if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
+			add_pending_object(&ref_list->revs,
+					   (struct object *)commit, refname);
+	}
 
 	/* Resize buffer */
 	if (ref_list->index >= ref_list->alloc) {
@@ -253,9 +273,14 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags,
 	newitem->name = xstrdup(refname);
 	newitem->kind = kind;
 	newitem->commit = commit;
-	len = strlen(newitem->name);
-	if (len > ref_list->maxwidth)
-		ref_list->maxwidth = len;
+	newitem->len = strlen(refname);
+	newitem->dest = resolve_symref(orig_refname, prefix);
+	/* adjust for "remotes/" */
+	if (newitem->kind == REF_REMOTE_BRANCH &&
+	    ref_list->kinds != REF_REMOTE_BRANCH)
+		newitem->len += 8;
+	if (newitem->len > ref_list->maxwidth)
+		ref_list->maxwidth = newitem->len;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -264,8 +289,10 @@ static void free_ref_list(struct ref_list *ref_list)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < ref_list->index; i++)
+	for (i = 0; i < ref_list->index; i++) {
 		free(ref_list->list[i].name);
+		free(ref_list->list[i].dest);
+	}
 	free(ref_list->list);
 }
 
@@ -279,19 +306,30 @@ static int ref_cmp(const void *r1, const void *r2)
 	return strcmp(c1->name, c2->name);
 }
 
-static void fill_tracking_info(struct strbuf *stat, const char *branch_name)
+static void fill_tracking_info(struct strbuf *stat, const char *branch_name,
+		int show_upstream_ref)
 {
 	int ours, theirs;
 	struct branch *branch = branch_get(branch_name);
 
-	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs) || (!ours && !theirs))
+	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs)) {
+		if (branch && branch->merge && branch->merge[0]->dst &&
+		    show_upstream_ref)
+			strbuf_addf(stat, "[%s] ",
+			    shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
 		return;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(stat, '[');
+	if (show_upstream_ref)
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "%s: ",
+			shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
 	if (!ours)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "[behind %d] ", theirs);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "behind %d] ", theirs);
 	else if (!theirs)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "[ahead %d] ", ours);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d] ", ours);
 	else
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "[ahead %d, behind %d] ", ours, theirs);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d, behind %d] ", ours, theirs);
 }
 
 static int matches_merge_filter(struct commit *commit)
@@ -306,85 +344,115 @@ static int matches_merge_filter(struct commit *commit)
 }
 
 static void print_ref_item(struct ref_item *item, int maxwidth, int verbose,
-			   int abbrev, int current)
+			   int abbrev, int current, char *prefix)
 {
 	char c;
 	int color;
 	struct commit *commit = item->commit;
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT, name = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!matches_merge_filter(commit))
 		return;
 
 	switch (item->kind) {
 	case REF_LOCAL_BRANCH:
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_LOCAL;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_LOCAL;
 		break;
 	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_REMOTE;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_REMOTE;
 		break;
 	default:
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_PLAIN;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_PLAIN;
 		break;
 	}
 
 	c = ' ';
 	if (current) {
 		c = '*';
-		color = COLOR_BRANCH_CURRENT;
+		color = BRANCH_COLOR_CURRENT;
 	}
 
-	if (verbose) {
+	strbuf_addf(&name, "%s%s", prefix, item->name);
+	if (verbose)
+		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%-*s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
+			    maxwidth, name.buf,
+			    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
+			    name.buf, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
+
+	if (item->dest)
+		strbuf_addf(&out, " -> %s", item->dest);
+	else if (verbose) {
 		struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT, stat = STRBUF_INIT;
 		const char *sub = " **** invalid ref ****";
 
 		commit = item->commit;
 		if (commit && !parse_commit(commit)) {
+			struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
-					    &subject, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+					    &subject, &ctx);
 			sub = subject.buf;
 		}
 
 		if (item->kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
-			fill_tracking_info(&stat, item->name);
+			fill_tracking_info(&stat, item->name, verbose > 1);
 
-		printf("%c %s%-*s%s %s %s%s\n", c, branch_get_color(color),
-		       maxwidth, item->name,
-		       branch_get_color(COLOR_BRANCH_RESET),
-		       find_unique_abbrev(item->commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
-		       stat.buf, sub);
+		strbuf_addf(&out, " %s %s%s",
+			find_unique_abbrev(item->commit->object.sha1, abbrev),
+			stat.buf, sub);
 		strbuf_release(&stat);
 		strbuf_release(&subject);
-	} else {
-		printf("%c %s%s%s\n", c, branch_get_color(color), item->name,
-		       branch_get_color(COLOR_BRANCH_RESET));
 	}
+	printf("%s\n", out.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
 static int calc_maxwidth(struct ref_list *refs)
 {
-	int i, l, w = 0;
+	int i, w = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < refs->index; i++) {
 		if (!matches_merge_filter(refs->list[i].commit))
 			continue;
-		l = strlen(refs->list[i].name);
-		if (l > w)
-			w = l;
+		if (refs->list[i].len > w)
+			w = refs->list[i].len;
 	}
 	return w;
 }
 
+
+static void show_detached(struct ref_list *ref_list)
+{
+	struct commit *head_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(head_sha1, 1);
+
+	if (head_commit && is_descendant_of(head_commit, ref_list->with_commit)) {
+		struct ref_item item;
+		item.name = xstrdup("(no branch)");
+		item.len = strlen(item.name);
+		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
+		item.dest = NULL;
+		item.commit = head_commit;
+		if (item.len > ref_list->maxwidth)
+			ref_list->maxwidth = item.len;
+		print_ref_item(&item, ref_list->maxwidth, ref_list->verbose, ref_list->abbrev, 1, "");
+		free(item.name);
+	}
+}
+
 static void print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev, struct commit_list *with_commit)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct ref_list ref_list;
-	struct commit *head_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(head_sha1, 1);
 
 	memset(&ref_list, 0, sizeof(ref_list));
 	ref_list.kinds = kinds;
+	ref_list.verbose = verbose;
+	ref_list.abbrev = abbrev;
 	ref_list.with_commit = with_commit;
 	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER)
 		init_revisions(&ref_list.revs, NULL);
-	for_each_ref(append_ref, &ref_list);
+	for_each_rawref(append_ref, &ref_list);
 	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
 		struct commit *filter;
 		filter = lookup_commit_reference_gently(merge_filter_ref, 0);
@@ -400,23 +468,18 @@ static void print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev, str
 	qsort(ref_list.list, ref_list.index, sizeof(struct ref_item), ref_cmp);
 
 	detached = (detached && (kinds & REF_LOCAL_BRANCH));
-	if (detached && head_commit && has_commit(head_commit, with_commit)) {
-		struct ref_item item;
-		item.name = xstrdup("(no branch)");
-		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
-		item.commit = head_commit;
-		if (strlen(item.name) > ref_list.maxwidth)
-			ref_list.maxwidth = strlen(item.name);
-		print_ref_item(&item, ref_list.maxwidth, verbose, abbrev, 1);
-		free(item.name);
-	}
+	if (detached)
+		show_detached(&ref_list);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ref_list.index; i++) {
 		int current = !detached &&
 			(ref_list.list[i].kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH) &&
 			!strcmp(ref_list.list[i].name, head);
+		char *prefix = (kinds != REF_REMOTE_BRANCH &&
+				ref_list.list[i].kind == REF_REMOTE_BRANCH)
+				? "remotes/" : "";
 		print_ref_item(&ref_list.list[i], ref_list.maxwidth, verbose,
-			       abbrev, current);
+			       abbrev, current, prefix);
 	}
 
 	free_ref_list(&ref_list);
@@ -427,22 +490,27 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 	struct strbuf oldref = STRBUF_INIT, newref = STRBUF_INIT, logmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct strbuf oldsection = STRBUF_INIT, newsection = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int recovery = 0;
 
 	if (!oldname)
 		die("cannot rename the current branch while not on any.");
 
-	strbuf_addf(&oldref, "refs/heads/%s", oldname);
-
-	if (check_ref_format(oldref.buf))
-		die("Invalid branch name: %s", oldref.buf);
-
-	strbuf_addf(&newref, "refs/heads/%s", newname);
+	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&oldref, oldname)) {
+		/*
+		 * Bad name --- this could be an attempt to rename a
+		 * ref that we used to allow to be created by accident.
+		 */
+		if (resolve_ref(oldref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
+			recovery = 1;
+		else
+			die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", oldname);
+	}
 
-	if (check_ref_format(newref.buf))
-		die("Invalid branch name: %s", newref.buf);
+	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&newref, newname))
+		die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", newname);
 
 	if (resolve_ref(newref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL) && !force)
-		die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", newname);
+		die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", newref.buf + 11);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
 		 oldref.buf, newref.buf);
@@ -451,6 +519,9 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 		die("Branch rename failed");
 	strbuf_release(&logmsg);
 
+	if (recovery)
+		warning("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away", oldref.buf + 11);
+
 	/* no need to pass logmsg here as HEAD didn't really move */
 	if (!strcmp(oldname, head) && create_symref("HEAD", newref.buf, NULL))
 		die("Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!", newname);
@@ -465,22 +536,6 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 	strbuf_release(&newsection);
 }
 
-static int opt_parse_with_commit(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct commit *commit;
-
-	if (!arg)
-		return -1;
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
-		die("malformed object name %s", arg);
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-	if (!commit)
-		die("no such commit %s", arg);
-	commit_list_insert(commit, opt->value);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int opt_parse_merge_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	merge_filter = ((opt->long_name[0] == 'n')
@@ -507,7 +562,7 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_GROUP("Generic options"),
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
-		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "track",  &track, "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))",
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &track, "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))",
 			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "color",  &branch_use_color, "use colored output"),
 		OPT_SET_INT('r', NULL,     &kinds, "act on remote-tracking branches",
@@ -516,13 +571,13 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
 			"print only branches that contain the commit",
 			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			opt_parse_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
 		},
 		{
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "with", &with_commit, "commit",
 			"print only branches that contain the commit",
 			PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			opt_parse_with_commit, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
 		},
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 
@@ -534,7 +589,7 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BIT('m', NULL, &rename, "move/rename a branch and its reflog", 1),
 		OPT_BIT('M', NULL, &rename, "move/rename a branch, even if target exists", 2),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &reflog, "create the branch's reflog"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force_create, "force creation (when already exists)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force_create, "force creation (when already exists)"),
 		{
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "no-merged", &merge_filter_ref,
 			"commit", "print only not merged branches",
@@ -570,7 +625,8 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 	hashcpy(merge_filter_ref, head_sha1);
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, builtin_branch_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_branch_usage,
+			     0);
 	if (!!delete + !!rename + !!force_create > 1)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
@@ -582,10 +638,12 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		rename_branch(head, argv[0], rename > 1);
 	else if (rename && (argc == 2))
 		rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
-	else if (argc <= 2)
+	else if (argc <= 2) {
+		if (kinds != REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
+			die("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name");
 		create_branch(head, argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
 			      force_create, reflog, track);
-	else
+	} else
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin-bundle.c b/builtin-bundle.c
index 9b5815204..2006cc5cd 100644
--- a/builtin-bundle.c
+++ b/builtin-bundle.c
@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@
  * bundle supporting "fetch", "pull", and "ls-remote".
  */
 
-static const char *bundle_usage="git bundle (create <bundle> <git rev-list args> | verify <bundle> | list-heads <bundle> [refname]... | unbundle <bundle> [refname]... )";
+static const char builtin_bundle_usage[] =
+  "git bundle create <file> <git-rev-list args>\n"
+  "   or: git bundle verify <file>\n"
+  "   or: git bundle list-heads <file> [refname...]\n"
+  "   or: git bundle unbundle <file> [refname...]";
 
 int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -20,7 +24,7 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	char buffer[PATH_MAX];
 
 	if (argc < 3)
-		usage(bundle_usage);
+		usage(builtin_bundle_usage);
 
 	cmd = argv[1];
 	bundle_file = argv[2];
@@ -59,5 +63,5 @@ int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return !!unbundle(&header, bundle_fd) ||
 			list_bundle_refs(&header, argc, argv);
 	} else
-		usage(bundle_usage);
+		usage(builtin_bundle_usage);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-cat-file.c b/builtin-cat-file.c
index 30d00a666..590684200 100644
--- a/builtin-cat-file.c
+++ b/builtin-cat-file.c
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ static int cat_one_file(int opt, const char *exp_type, const char *obj_name)
 		break;
 
 	default:
-		die("git cat-file: unknown option: %s\n", exp_type);
+		die("git cat-file: unknown option: %s", exp_type);
 	}
 
 	if (!buf)
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ static int batch_objects(int print_contents)
 }
 
 static const char * const cat_file_usage[] = {
-	"git cat-file [-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>] <sha1>",
-	"git cat-file [--batch|--batch-check] < <list_of_sha1s>",
+	"git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>) <object>",
+	"git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>",
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ int cmd_cat_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc != 3 && argc != 2)
 		usage_with_options(cat_file_usage, options);
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, cat_file_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, cat_file_usage, 0);
 
 	if (opt) {
 		if (argc == 1)
diff --git a/builtin-check-attr.c b/builtin-check-attr.c
index 15a04b717..8bd043009 100644
--- a/builtin-check-attr.c
+++ b/builtin-check-attr.c
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int cnt, i, doubledash;
 	const char *errstr = NULL;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, check_attr_options, check_attr_usage,
-		PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, check_attr_options,
+			     check_attr_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 	if (!argc)
 		usage_with_options(check_attr_usage, check_attr_options);
 
diff --git a/builtin-check-ref-format.c b/builtin-check-ref-format.c
index 701de439a..b106c65d8 100644
--- a/builtin-check-ref-format.c
+++ b/builtin-check-ref-format.c
@@ -5,10 +5,57 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+static const char builtin_check_ref_format_usage[] =
+"git check-ref-format [--print] <refname>\n"
+"   or: git check-ref-format --branch <branchname-shorthand>";
+
+/*
+ * Replace each run of adjacent slashes in src with a single slash,
+ * and write the result to dst.
+ *
+ * This function is similar to normalize_path_copy(), but stripped down
+ * to meet check_ref_format's simpler needs.
+ */
+static void collapse_slashes(char *dst, const char *src)
+{
+	char ch;
+	char prev = '\0';
+
+	while ((ch = *src++) != '\0') {
+		if (prev == '/' && ch == prev)
+			continue;
+
+		*dst++ = ch;
+		prev = ch;
+	}
+	*dst = '\0';
+}
 
 int cmd_check_ref_format(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(builtin_check_ref_format_usage);
+
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--branch")) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&sb, argv[2]))
+			die("'%s' is not a valid branch name", argv[2]);
+		printf("%s\n", sb.buf + 11);
+		exit(0);
+	}
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--print")) {
+		char *refname = xmalloc(strlen(argv[2]) + 1);
+
+		if (check_ref_format(argv[2]))
+			exit(1);
+		collapse_slashes(refname, argv[2]);
+		printf("%s\n", refname);
+		exit(0);
+	}
 	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("git check-ref-format refname");
+		usage(builtin_check_ref_format_usage);
 	return !!check_ref_format(argv[1]);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-checkout-index.c b/builtin-checkout-index.c
index 0d534bc02..a7a5ee10f 100644
--- a/builtin-checkout-index.c
+++ b/builtin-checkout-index.c
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ static int checkout_file(const char *name, int prefix_length)
 static void checkout_all(const char *prefix, int prefix_length)
 {
 	int i, errs = 0;
-	struct cache_entry* last_ce = NULL;
+	struct cache_entry *last_ce = NULL;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < active_nr ; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die("invalid cache");
 	}
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_checkout_index_options,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_checkout_index_options,
 			builtin_checkout_index_usage, 0);
 	state.force = force;
 	state.quiet = quiet;
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 		checkout_file(p, prefix_length);
 		if (p < arg || p > arg + strlen(arg))
-			free((char*)p);
+			free((char *)p);
 	}
 
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
diff --git a/builtin-checkout.c b/builtin-checkout.c
index e41e73b27..67229fc21 100644
--- a/builtin-checkout.c
+++ b/builtin-checkout.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -38,23 +39,13 @@ struct checkout_opts {
 static int post_checkout_hook(struct commit *old, struct commit *new,
 			      int changed)
 {
-	struct child_process proc;
-	const char *name = git_path("hooks/post-checkout");
-	const char *argv[5];
+	return run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout",
+			sha1_to_hex(old ? old->object.sha1 : null_sha1),
+			sha1_to_hex(new ? new->object.sha1 : null_sha1),
+			changed ? "1" : "0", NULL);
+	/* "new" can be NULL when checking out from the index before
+	   a commit exists. */
 
-	if (access(name, X_OK) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
-	argv[0] = name;
-	argv[1] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(old ? old->object.sha1 : null_sha1));
-	argv[2] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(new->object.sha1));
-	argv[3] = changed ? "1" : "0";
-	argv[4] = NULL;
-	proc.argv = argv;
-	proc.no_stdin = 1;
-	proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-	return run_command(&proc);
 }
 
 static int update_some(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
@@ -63,9 +54,6 @@ static int update_some(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
 	int len;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode))
-		return 0;
-
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
 		return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 
@@ -191,7 +179,7 @@ static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
 	/*
 	 * NEEDSWORK:
 	 * There is absolutely no reason to write this as a blob object
-	 * and create a phoney cache entry just to leak.  This hack is
+	 * and create a phony cache entry just to leak.  This hack is
 	 * primarily to get to the write_entry() machinery that massages
 	 * the contents to work-tree format and writes out which only
 	 * allows it for a cache entry.  The code in write_entry() needs
@@ -228,7 +216,8 @@ static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
 	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
-	read_cache();
+	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
+		return error("corrupt index file");
 
 	if (source_tree)
 		read_tree_some(source_tree, pathspec);
@@ -239,7 +228,7 @@ static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
 
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		pathspec_match(pathspec, ps_matched, ce->name, 0);
+		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, ps_matched);
 	}
 
 	if (report_path_error(ps_matched, pathspec, 0))
@@ -248,7 +237,7 @@ static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
 	/* Any unmerged paths? */
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (pathspec_match(pathspec, NULL, ce->name, 0)) {
+		if (match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
 			if (!ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			if (opts->force) {
@@ -273,7 +262,7 @@ static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
 	state.refresh_cache = 1;
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (pathspec_match(pathspec, NULL, ce->name, 0)) {
+		if (match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
 			if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
 				errs |= checkout_entry(ce, &state, NULL);
 				continue;
@@ -304,6 +293,8 @@ static void show_local_changes(struct object *head)
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.abbrev = 0;
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
+	if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
+		die("diff_setup_done failed");
 	add_pending_object(&rev, head, NULL);
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 0);
 }
@@ -311,8 +302,9 @@ static void show_local_changes(struct object *head)
 static void describe_detached_head(char *msg, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 	parse_commit(commit);
-	pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &sb, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+	pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &sb, &ctx);
 	fprintf(stderr, "%s %s... %s\n", msg,
 		find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV), sb.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
@@ -360,8 +352,11 @@ struct branch_info {
 static void setup_branch_path(struct branch_info *branch)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "refs/heads/");
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, branch->name);
+
+	strbuf_branchname(&buf, branch->name);
+	if (strcmp(buf.buf, branch->name))
+		branch->name = xstrdup(buf.buf);
+	strbuf_splice(&buf, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
 	branch->path = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -371,7 +366,9 @@ static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 	int ret;
 	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 	int newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
-	read_cache();
+
+	if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
+		return error("corrupt index file");
 
 	if (opts->force) {
 		ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1);
@@ -400,13 +397,15 @@ static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		topts.initial_checkout = is_cache_unborn();
 		topts.update = 1;
 		topts.merge = 1;
-		topts.gently = opts->merge;
+		topts.gently = opts->merge && old->commit;
 		topts.verbose_update = !opts->quiet;
 		topts.fn = twoway_merge;
 		topts.dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*topts.dir));
-		topts.dir->show_ignored = 1;
+		topts.dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
 		topts.dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(old->commit->object.sha1);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(old->commit ?
+					   old->commit->object.sha1 :
+					   (unsigned char *)EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
 		init_tree_desc(&trees[0], tree->buffer, tree->size);
 		tree = parse_tree_indirect(new->commit->object.sha1);
 		init_tree_desc(&trees[1], tree->buffer, tree->size);
@@ -423,7 +422,13 @@ static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 			struct merge_options o;
 			if (!opts->merge)
 				return 1;
-			parse_commit(old->commit);
+
+			/*
+			 * Without old->commit, the below is the same as
+			 * the two-tree unpack we already tried and failed.
+			 */
+			if (!old->commit)
+				return 1;
 
 			/* Do more real merge */
 
@@ -500,10 +505,10 @@ static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		create_symref("HEAD", new->path, msg.buf);
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
 			if (old->path && !strcmp(new->path, old->path))
-				fprintf(stderr, "Already on \"%s\"\n",
+				fprintf(stderr, "Already on '%s'\n",
 					new->name);
 			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to%s branch \"%s\"\n",
+				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to%s branch '%s'\n",
 					opts->new_branch ? " a new" : "",
 					new->name);
 		}
@@ -512,7 +517,7 @@ static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 			   REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
 			if (old->path)
-				fprintf(stderr, "Note: moving to \"%s\" which isn't a local branch\nIf you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so\n(now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n  git checkout -b <new_branch_name>\n", new->name);
+				fprintf(stderr, "Note: moving to '%s' which isn't a local branch\nIf you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so\n(now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n  git checkout -b <new_branch_name>\n", new->name);
 			describe_detached_head("HEAD is now at", new->commit);
 		}
 	}
@@ -545,26 +550,18 @@ static int switch_branches(struct checkout_opts *opts, struct branch_info *new)
 		parse_commit(new->commit);
 	}
 
+	ret = merge_working_tree(opts, &old, new);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
 	/*
-	 * If we were on a detached HEAD, but we are now moving to
+	 * If we were on a detached HEAD, but have now moved to
 	 * a new commit, we want to mention the old commit once more
 	 * to remind the user that it might be lost.
 	 */
 	if (!opts->quiet && !old.path && old.commit && new->commit != old.commit)
 		describe_detached_head("Previous HEAD position was", old.commit);
 
-	if (!old.commit && !opts->force) {
-		if (!opts->quiet) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: You appear to be on a branch yet to be born.\n");
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: Forcing checkout of %s.\n", new->name);
-		}
-		opts->force = 1;
-	}
-
-	ret = merge_working_tree(opts, &old, new);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-
 	update_refs_for_switch(opts, &old, new);
 
 	ret = post_checkout_hook(old.commit, new->commit, 1);
@@ -576,6 +573,47 @@ static int git_checkout_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	return git_xmerge_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
+static int interactive_checkout(const char *revision, const char **pathspec,
+				struct checkout_opts *opts)
+{
+	return run_add_interactive(revision, "--patch=checkout", pathspec);
+}
+
+struct tracking_name_data {
+	const char *name;
+	char *remote;
+	int unique;
+};
+
+static int check_tracking_name(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			       int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct tracking_name_data *cb = cb_data;
+	const char *slash;
+
+	if (prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes/"))
+		return 0;
+	slash = strchr(refname + 13, '/');
+	if (!slash || strcmp(slash + 1, cb->name))
+		return 0;
+	if (cb->remote) {
+		cb->unique = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	cb->remote = xstrdup(refname);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *unique_tracking_name(const char *name)
+{
+	struct tracking_name_data cb_data = { name, NULL, 1 };
+	for_each_ref(check_tracking_name, &cb_data);
+	if (cb_data.unique)
+		return cb_data.remote;
+	free(cb_data.remote);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct checkout_opts opts;
@@ -584,6 +622,8 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct branch_info new;
 	struct tree *source_tree = NULL;
 	char *conflict_style = NULL;
+	int patch_mode = 0;
+	int dwim_new_local_branch = 1;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet),
 		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &opts.new_branch, "new branch", "branch"),
@@ -594,10 +634,14 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    2),
 		OPT_SET_INT('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage, "stage",
 			    3),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &opts.force, "force"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &opts.force, "force"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "merge", &opts.merge, "merge"),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, "style",
 			   "conflict style (merge or diff3)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_mode, "select hunks interactively"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "guess", &dwim_new_local_branch, NULL,
+		  "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 	int has_dash_dash;
@@ -609,9 +653,13 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	opts.track = BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, checkout_usage,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, checkout_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 
+	if (patch_mode && (opts.track > 0 || opts.new_branch
+			   || opts.new_branch_log || opts.merge || opts.force))
+		die ("--patch is incompatible with all other options");
+
 	/* --track without -b should DWIM */
 	if (0 < opts.track && !opts.new_branch) {
 		const char *argv0 = argv[0];
@@ -627,8 +675,6 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		opts.new_branch = argv0 + 1;
 	}
 
-	if (opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
-		opts.track = git_branch_track;
 	if (conflict_style) {
 		opts.merge = 1; /* implied */
 		git_xmerge_config("merge.conflictstyle", conflict_style, NULL);
@@ -652,6 +698,11 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 *   With no paths, if <something> is a commit, that is to
 	 *   switch to the branch or detach HEAD at it.
 	 *
+	 *   With no paths, if <something> is _not_ a commit, no -t nor -b
+	 *   was given, and there is a tracking branch whose name is
+	 *   <something> in one and only one remote, then this is a short-hand
+	 *   to fork local <something> from that remote tracking branch.
+	 *
 	 *   Otherwise <something> shall not be ambiguous.
 	 *   - If it's *only* a reference, treat it like case (1).
 	 *   - If it's only a path, treat it like case (2).
@@ -668,18 +719,35 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		arg = argv[0];
 		has_dash_dash = (argc > 1) && !strcmp(argv[1], "--");
 
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "-"))
+			arg = "@{-1}";
+
 		if (get_sha1(arg, rev)) {
 			if (has_dash_dash)          /* case (1) */
 				die("invalid reference: %s", arg);
-			goto no_reference;          /* case (3 -> 2) */
+			if (!patch_mode &&
+			    dwim_new_local_branch &&
+			    opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED &&
+			    !opts.new_branch &&
+			    !check_filename(NULL, arg) &&
+			    argc == 1) {
+				const char *remote = unique_tracking_name(arg);
+				if (!remote || get_sha1(remote, rev))
+					goto no_reference;
+				opts.new_branch = arg;
+				arg = remote;
+				/* DWIMmed to create local branch */
+			}
+			else
+				goto no_reference;
 		}
 
 		/* we can't end up being in (2) anymore, eat the argument */
 		argv++;
 		argc--;
 
+		new.name = arg;
 		if ((new.commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1))) {
-			new.name = arg;
 			setup_branch_path(&new);
 			if (resolve_ref(new.path, rev, 1, NULL))
 				new.commit = lookup_commit_reference(rev);
@@ -709,12 +777,19 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 no_reference:
+
+	if (opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
+		opts.track = git_branch_track;
+
 	if (argc) {
 		const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
 		if (!pathspec)
 			die("invalid path specification");
 
+		if (patch_mode)
+			return interactive_checkout(new.name, pathspec, &opts);
+
 		/* Checkout paths */
 		if (opts.new_branch) {
 			if (argc == 1) {
@@ -730,14 +805,16 @@ no_reference:
 		return checkout_paths(source_tree, pathspec, &opts);
 	}
 
+	if (patch_mode)
+		return interactive_checkout(new.name, NULL, &opts);
+
 	if (opts.new_branch) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "refs/heads/");
-		strbuf_addstr(&buf, opts.new_branch);
+		if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&buf, opts.new_branch))
+			die("git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name.",
+			    opts.new_branch);
 		if (!get_sha1(buf.buf, rev))
 			die("git checkout: branch %s already exists", opts.new_branch);
-		if (check_ref_format(buf.buf))
-			die("git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name.", opts.new_branch);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin-clean.c b/builtin-clean.c
index f78c2fb10..28cdcd027 100644
--- a/builtin-clean.c
+++ b/builtin-clean.c
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i;
 	int show_only = 0, remove_directories = 0, quiet = 0, ignored = 0;
 	int ignored_only = 0, baselen = 0, config_set = 0, errors = 0;
+	int rm_flags = REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT;
 	struct strbuf directory = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
-	const char *path, *base;
 	static const char **pathspec;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *qname;
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
 		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "force"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "force"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &remove_directories,
 				"remove whole directories"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('x', NULL, &ignored, "remove ignored files, too"),
@@ -56,11 +56,12 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else
 		config_set = 1;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, builtin_clean_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_clean_usage,
+			     0);
 
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
 	if (ignored_only)
-		dir.show_ignored = 1;
+		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
 
 	if (ignored && ignored_only)
 		die("-x and -X cannot be used together");
@@ -69,7 +70,10 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die("clean.requireForce%s set and -n or -f not given; "
 		    "refusing to clean", config_set ? "" : " not");
 
-	dir.show_other_directories = 1;
+	if (force > 1)
+		rm_flags = 0;
+
+	dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
 
 	if (!ignored)
 		setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
@@ -77,16 +81,7 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 	read_cache();
 
-	/*
-	 * Calculate common prefix for the pathspec, and
-	 * use that to optimize the directory walk
-	 */
-	baselen = common_prefix(pathspec);
-	path = ".";
-	base = "";
-	if (baselen)
-		path = base = xmemdupz(*pathspec, baselen);
-	read_directory(&dir, path, base, baselen, pathspec);
+	fill_directory(&dir, pathspec);
 
 	if (pathspec)
 		seen = xmalloc(argc > 0 ? argc : 1);
@@ -140,7 +135,8 @@ int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				   (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY)) {
 				if (!quiet)
 					printf("Removing %s\n", qname);
-				if (remove_dir_recursively(&directory, 0) != 0) {
+				if (remove_dir_recursively(&directory,
+							   rm_flags) != 0) {
 					warning("failed to remove '%s'", qname);
 					errors++;
 				}
diff --git a/builtin-clone.c b/builtin-clone.c
index 2feac9c5c..caf302503 100644
--- a/builtin-clone.c
+++ b/builtin-clone.c
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "pack-refs.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 /*
  * Overall FIXMEs:
@@ -34,9 +38,10 @@ static const char * const builtin_clone_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static int option_quiet, option_no_checkout, option_bare, option_mirror;
-static int option_local, option_no_hardlinks, option_shared;
+static int option_local, option_no_hardlinks, option_shared, option_recursive;
 static char *option_template, *option_reference, *option_depth;
 static char *option_origin = NULL;
+static char *option_branch = NULL;
 static char *option_upload_pack = "git-upload-pack";
 static int option_verbose;
 
@@ -46,7 +51,9 @@ static struct option builtin_clone_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-checkout", &option_no_checkout,
 		    "don't create a checkout"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "bare", &option_bare, "create a bare repository"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "naked", &option_bare, "create a bare repository"),
+	{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "naked", &option_bare, NULL,
+		"create a bare repository",
+		PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "mirror", &option_mirror,
 		    "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "local", &option_local,
@@ -55,12 +62,16 @@ static struct option builtin_clone_options[] = {
 		    "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "shared", &option_shared,
 		    "setup as shared repository"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "recursive", &option_recursive,
+		    "initialize submodules in the clone"),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "template", &option_template, "path",
 		   "path the template repository"),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "reference", &option_reference, "repo",
 		   "reference repository"),
 	OPT_STRING('o', "origin", &option_origin, "branch",
 		   "use <branch> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"),
+	OPT_STRING('b', "branch", &option_branch, "branch",
+		   "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"),
 	OPT_STRING('u', "upload-pack", &option_upload_pack, "path",
 		   "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &option_depth, "depth",
@@ -69,6 +80,10 @@ static struct option builtin_clone_options[] = {
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
+static const char *argv_submodule[] = {
+	"submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", NULL
+};
+
 static char *get_repo_path(const char *repo, int *is_bundle)
 {
 	static char *suffix[] = { "/.git", ".git", "" };
@@ -100,11 +115,12 @@ static char *get_repo_path(const char *repo, int *is_bundle)
 static char *guess_dir_name(const char *repo, int is_bundle, int is_bare)
 {
 	const char *end = repo + strlen(repo), *start;
+	char *dir;
 
 	/*
-	 * Strip trailing slashes and /.git
+	 * Strip trailing spaces, slashes and /.git
 	 */
-	while (repo < end && is_dir_sep(end[-1]))
+	while (repo < end && (is_dir_sep(end[-1]) || isspace(end[-1])))
 		end--;
 	if (end - repo > 5 && is_dir_sep(end[-5]) &&
 	    !strncmp(end - 4, ".git", 4)) {
@@ -136,10 +152,33 @@ static char *guess_dir_name(const char *repo, int is_bundle, int is_bare)
 	if (is_bare) {
 		struct strbuf result = STRBUF_INIT;
 		strbuf_addf(&result, "%.*s.git", (int)(end - start), start);
-		return strbuf_detach(&result, 0);
+		dir = strbuf_detach(&result, NULL);
+	} else
+		dir = xstrndup(start, end - start);
+	/*
+	 * Replace sequences of 'control' characters and whitespace
+	 * with one ascii space, remove leading and trailing spaces.
+	 */
+	if (*dir) {
+		char *out = dir;
+		int prev_space = 1 /* strip leading whitespace */;
+		for (end = dir; *end; ++end) {
+			char ch = *end;
+			if ((unsigned char)ch < '\x20')
+				ch = '\x20';
+			if (isspace(ch)) {
+				if (prev_space)
+					continue;
+				prev_space = 1;
+			} else
+				prev_space = 0;
+			*out++ = ch;
+		}
+		*out = '\0';
+		if (out > dir && prev_space)
+			out[-1] = '\0';
 	}
-
-	return xstrndup(start, end - start);
+	return dir;
 }
 
 static void strip_trailing_slashes(char *dir)
@@ -192,15 +231,15 @@ static void copy_or_link_directory(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dest)
 
 	dir = opendir(src->buf);
 	if (!dir)
-		die("failed to open %s\n", src->buf);
+		die_errno("failed to open '%s'", src->buf);
 
 	if (mkdir(dest->buf, 0777)) {
 		if (errno != EEXIST)
-			die("failed to create directory %s\n", dest->buf);
+			die_errno("failed to create directory '%s'", dest->buf);
 		else if (stat(dest->buf, &buf))
-			die("failed to stat %s\n", dest->buf);
+			die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", dest->buf);
 		else if (!S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode))
-			die("%s exists and is not a directory\n", dest->buf);
+			die("%s exists and is not a directory", dest->buf);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addch(src, '/');
@@ -224,16 +263,16 @@ static void copy_or_link_directory(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dest)
 		}
 
 		if (unlink(dest->buf) && errno != ENOENT)
-			die("failed to unlink %s\n", dest->buf);
+			die_errno("failed to unlink '%s'", dest->buf);
 		if (!option_no_hardlinks) {
 			if (!link(src->buf, dest->buf))
 				continue;
 			if (option_local)
-				die("failed to create link %s\n", dest->buf);
+				die_errno("failed to create link '%s'", dest->buf);
 			option_no_hardlinks = 1;
 		}
-		if (copy_file(dest->buf, src->buf, 0666))
-			die("failed to copy file to %s\n", dest->buf);
+		if (copy_file_with_time(dest->buf, src->buf, 0666))
+			die_errno("failed to copy file to '%s'", dest->buf);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
 }
@@ -266,7 +305,7 @@ static const struct ref *clone_local(const char *src_repo,
 
 static const char *junk_work_tree;
 static const char *junk_git_dir;
-pid_t junk_pid;
+static pid_t junk_pid;
 
 static void remove_junk(void)
 {
@@ -288,93 +327,65 @@ static void remove_junk(void)
 static void remove_junk_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_junk();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
-static const struct ref *locate_head(const struct ref *refs,
-				     const struct ref *mapped_refs,
-				     const struct ref **remote_head_p)
-{
-	const struct ref *remote_head = NULL;
-	const struct ref *remote_master = NULL;
-	const struct ref *r;
-	for (r = refs; r; r = r->next)
-		if (!strcmp(r->name, "HEAD"))
-			remote_head = r;
-
-	for (r = mapped_refs; r; r = r->next)
-		if (!strcmp(r->name, "refs/heads/master"))
-			remote_master = r;
-
-	if (remote_head_p)
-		*remote_head_p = remote_head;
-
-	/* If there's no HEAD value at all, never mind. */
-	if (!remote_head)
-		return NULL;
-
-	/* If refs/heads/master could be right, it is. */
-	if (remote_master && !hashcmp(remote_master->old_sha1,
-				      remote_head->old_sha1))
-		return remote_master;
-
-	/* Look for another ref that points there */
-	for (r = mapped_refs; r; r = r->next)
-		if (r != remote_head &&
-		    !hashcmp(r->old_sha1, remote_head->old_sha1))
-			return r;
-
-	/* Nothing is the same */
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct ref *write_remote_refs(const struct ref *refs,
-		struct refspec *refspec, const char *reflog)
+static struct ref *wanted_peer_refs(const struct ref *refs,
+		struct refspec *refspec)
 {
 	struct ref *local_refs = NULL;
 	struct ref **tail = &local_refs;
-	struct ref *r;
 
 	get_fetch_map(refs, refspec, &tail, 0);
 	if (!option_mirror)
 		get_fetch_map(refs, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
 
+	return local_refs;
+}
+
+static void write_remote_refs(const struct ref *local_refs)
+{
+	const struct ref *r;
+
 	for (r = local_refs; r; r = r->next)
 		add_extra_ref(r->peer_ref->name, r->old_sha1, 0);
 
 	pack_refs(PACK_REFS_ALL);
 	clear_extra_refs();
-
-	return local_refs;
 }
 
 int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int use_local_hardlinks = 1;
-	int use_separate_remote = 1;
 	int is_bundle = 0;
 	struct stat buf;
 	const char *repo_name, *repo, *work_tree, *git_dir;
 	char *path, *dir;
-	const struct ref *refs, *head_points_at, *remote_head, *mapped_refs;
+	int dest_exists;
+	const struct ref *refs, *remote_head, *mapped_refs;
+	const struct ref *remote_head_points_at;
+	const struct ref *our_head_points_at;
 	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT, value = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf branch_top = STRBUF_INIT, reflog_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct transport *transport = NULL;
 	char *src_ref_prefix = "refs/heads/";
+	int err = 0;
 
-	struct refspec refspec;
+	struct refspec *refspec;
+	const char *fetch_pattern;
 
 	junk_pid = getpid();
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_clone_options,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_clone_options,
 			     builtin_clone_usage, 0);
 
-	if (argc == 0)
-		die("You must specify a repository to clone.");
+	if (argc > 2)
+		usage_msg_opt("Too many arguments.",
+			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
-	if (option_no_hardlinks)
-		use_local_hardlinks = 0;
+	if (argc == 0)
+		usage_msg_opt("You must specify a repository to clone.",
+			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
 	if (option_mirror)
 		option_bare = 1;
@@ -384,7 +395,6 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			die("--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible.",
 			    option_origin);
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
-		use_separate_remote = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!option_origin)
@@ -406,8 +416,10 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		dir = guess_dir_name(repo_name, is_bundle, option_bare);
 	strip_trailing_slashes(dir);
 
-	if (!stat(dir, &buf))
-		die("destination directory '%s' already exists.", dir);
+	dest_exists = !stat(dir, &buf);
+	if (dest_exists && !is_empty_dir(dir))
+		die("destination path '%s' already exists and is not "
+			"an empty directory.", dir);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&reflog_msg, "clone: from %s", repo);
 
@@ -429,18 +441,18 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!option_bare) {
 		junk_work_tree = work_tree;
 		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(work_tree) < 0)
-			die("could not create leading directories of '%s': %s",
-					work_tree, strerror(errno));
-		if (mkdir(work_tree, 0755))
-			die("could not create work tree dir '%s': %s.",
-					work_tree, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not create leading directories of '%s'",
+				  work_tree);
+		if (!dest_exists && mkdir(work_tree, 0755))
+			die_errno("could not create work tree dir '%s'.",
+				  work_tree);
 		set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 	}
 	junk_git_dir = git_dir;
 	atexit(remove_junk);
-	signal(SIGINT, remove_junk_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
 
-	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, xstrdup(mkpath("%s/config", git_dir)), 1);
+	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, mkpath("%s/config", git_dir), 1);
 
 	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
 		die("could not create leading directories of '%s'", git_dir);
@@ -470,8 +482,14 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		strbuf_addf(&branch_top, "refs/remotes/%s/", option_origin);
 	}
 
+	strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s*:%s*", src_ref_prefix, branch_top.buf);
+
 	if (option_mirror || !option_bare) {
 		/* Configure the remote */
+		strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.fetch", option_origin);
+		git_config_set_multivar(key.buf, value.buf, "^$", 0);
+		strbuf_reset(&key);
+
 		if (option_mirror) {
 			strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.mirror", option_origin);
 			git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
@@ -480,23 +498,18 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.url", option_origin);
 		git_config_set(key.buf, repo);
-			strbuf_reset(&key);
-
-		strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.fetch", option_origin);
-		strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s*:%s*", src_ref_prefix, branch_top.buf);
-		git_config_set_multivar(key.buf, value.buf, "^$", 0);
 		strbuf_reset(&key);
-		strbuf_reset(&value);
 	}
 
-	refspec.force = 0;
-	refspec.pattern = 1;
-	refspec.src = src_ref_prefix;
-	refspec.dst = branch_top.buf;
+	fetch_pattern = value.buf;
+	refspec = parse_fetch_refspec(1, &fetch_pattern);
 
-	if (path && !is_bundle)
+	strbuf_reset(&value);
+
+	if (path && !is_bundle) {
 		refs = clone_local(path, git_dir);
-	else {
+		mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, refspec);
+	} else {
 		struct remote *remote = remote_get(argv[0]);
 		transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
 
@@ -519,53 +532,79 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					     option_upload_pack);
 
 		refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
-		transport_fetch_refs(transport, refs);
+		if (refs) {
+			mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, refspec);
+			transport_fetch_refs(transport, mapped_refs);
+		}
 	}
 
-	clear_extra_refs();
-
-	mapped_refs = write_remote_refs(refs, &refspec, reflog_msg.buf);
+	if (refs) {
+		clear_extra_refs();
+
+		write_remote_refs(mapped_refs);
+
+		remote_head = find_ref_by_name(refs, "HEAD");
+		remote_head_points_at =
+			guess_remote_head(remote_head, mapped_refs, 0);
+
+		if (option_branch) {
+			struct strbuf head = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addstr(&head, src_ref_prefix);
+			strbuf_addstr(&head, option_branch);
+			our_head_points_at =
+				find_ref_by_name(mapped_refs, head.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&head);
+
+			if (!our_head_points_at) {
+				warning("Remote branch %s not found in "
+					"upstream %s, using HEAD instead",
+					option_branch, option_origin);
+				our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+			our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
+	}
+	else {
+		warning("You appear to have cloned an empty repository.");
+		our_head_points_at = NULL;
+		remote_head_points_at = NULL;
+		remote_head = NULL;
+		option_no_checkout = 1;
+		if (!option_bare)
+			install_branch_config(0, "master", option_origin,
+					      "refs/heads/master");
+	}
 
-	head_points_at = locate_head(refs, mapped_refs, &remote_head);
+	if (remote_head_points_at && !option_bare) {
+		struct strbuf head_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, branch_top.buf);
+		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, "HEAD");
+		create_symref(head_ref.buf,
+			      remote_head_points_at->peer_ref->name,
+			      reflog_msg.buf);
+	}
 
-	if (head_points_at) {
+	if (our_head_points_at) {
 		/* Local default branch link */
-		create_symref("HEAD", head_points_at->name, NULL);
-
+		create_symref("HEAD", our_head_points_at->name, NULL);
 		if (!option_bare) {
-			struct strbuf head_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
-			const char *head = head_points_at->name;
-
-			if (!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/"))
-				head += 11;
-
-			/* Set up the initial local branch */
-
-			/* Local branch initial value */
+			const char *head = skip_prefix(our_head_points_at->name,
+						       "refs/heads/");
 			update_ref(reflog_msg.buf, "HEAD",
-				   head_points_at->old_sha1,
+				   our_head_points_at->old_sha1,
 				   NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
-
-			strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, branch_top.buf);
-			strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, "HEAD");
-
-			/* Remote branch link */
-			create_symref(head_ref.buf,
-				      head_points_at->peer_ref->name,
-				      reflog_msg.buf);
-
-			strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.remote", head);
-			git_config_set(key.buf, option_origin);
-			strbuf_reset(&key);
-			strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.merge", head);
-			git_config_set(key.buf, head_points_at->name);
+			install_branch_config(0, head, option_origin,
+					      our_head_points_at->name);
 		}
 	} else if (remote_head) {
 		/* Source had detached HEAD pointing somewhere. */
-		if (!option_bare)
+		if (!option_bare) {
 			update_ref(reflog_msg.buf, "HEAD",
 				   remote_head->old_sha1,
 				   NULL, REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
+			our_head_points_at = remote_head;
+		}
 	} else {
 		/* Nothing to checkout out */
 		if (!option_no_checkout)
@@ -574,8 +613,10 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (transport)
+	if (transport) {
 		transport_unlock_pack(transport);
+		transport_disconnect(transport);
+	}
 
 	if (!option_no_checkout) {
 		struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
@@ -597,7 +638,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		opts.src_index = &the_index;
 		opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(remote_head->old_sha1);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(our_head_points_at->old_sha1);
 		parse_tree(tree);
 		init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 		unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts);
@@ -605,6 +646,13 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
 			die("unable to write new index file");
+
+		err |= run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1),
+				sha1_to_hex(our_head_points_at->old_sha1), "1",
+				NULL);
+
+		if (!err && option_recursive)
+			err = run_command_v_opt(argv_submodule, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&reflog_msg);
@@ -612,5 +660,5 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	strbuf_release(&key);
 	strbuf_release(&value);
 	junk_pid = 0;
-	return 0;
+	return err;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-commit-tree.c b/builtin-commit-tree.c
index 0453425c4..ddcb7a4bb 100644
--- a/builtin-commit-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-commit-tree.c
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	if (argc < 2)
+	if (argc < 2 || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(commit_tree_usage);
 	if (get_sha1(argv[1], tree_sha1))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buffer, 0, 0) < 0)
-		die("git commit-tree: read returned %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to read");
 
 	if (!commit_tree(buffer.buf, tree_sha1, parents, commit_sha1, NULL)) {
 		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1));
diff --git a/builtin-commit.c b/builtin-commit.c
index 1677e6b45..83b7c353e 100644
--- a/builtin-commit.c
+++ b/builtin-commit.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ static const char *template_file;
 static char *edit_message, *use_message;
 static char *author_name, *author_email, *author_date;
 static int all, edit_flag, also, interactive, only, amend, signoff;
-static int quiet, verbose, no_verify, allow_empty;
+static int quiet, verbose, no_verify, allow_empty, dry_run, renew_authorship;
 static char *untracked_files_arg;
 /*
  * The default commit message cleanup mode will remove the lines
@@ -86,16 +86,19 @@ static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
 	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
 	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
-	OPT_GROUP("Commit message options"),
 
-	OPT_STRING('F', "file", &logfile, "FILE", "read log from file"),
+	OPT_GROUP("Commit message options"),
+	OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, "read log from file"),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, "AUTHOR", "override author for commit"),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, "MESSAGE", "specify commit message", opt_parse_m),
-	OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, "COMMIT", "reuse and edit message from specified commit "),
+	OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, "COMMIT", "reuse and edit message from specified commit"),
 	OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, "COMMIT", "reuse message from specified commit"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reset-author", &renew_authorship, "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C-c/--amend)"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
-	OPT_STRING('t', "template", &template_file, "FILE", "use specified template file"),
+	OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, "use specified template file"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_flag, "force edit of commit"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, "default", "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"),
+	/* end commit message options */
 
 	OPT_GROUP("Commit contents options"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all, "commit all changed files"),
@@ -103,10 +106,11 @@ static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "interactive", &interactive, "interactively add files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "only", &only, "commit only specified files"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, "bypass pre-commit hook"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run, "show what would be committed"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "amend", &amend, "amend previous commit"),
 	{ OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, "mode", "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty, "ok to record an empty change"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, "default", "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"),
+	/* end commit contents options */
 
 	OPT_END()
 };
@@ -166,7 +170,7 @@ static int list_paths(struct string_list *list, const char *with_tree,
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 			continue;
-		if (!pathspec_match(pattern, m, ce->name, 0))
+		if (!match_pathspec(pattern, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, m))
 			continue;
 		string_list_insert(ce->name, list);
 	}
@@ -217,14 +221,18 @@ static void create_base_index(void)
 		exit(128); /* We've already reported the error, finish dying */
 }
 
-static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int is_status)
 {
 	int fd;
 	struct string_list partial;
 	const char **pathspec = NULL;
+	int refresh_flags = REFRESH_QUIET;
 
+	if (is_status)
+		refresh_flags |= REFRESH_UNMERGED;
 	if (interactive) {
-		interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix);
+		if (interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix) != 0)
+			die("interactive add failed");
 		if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
 			die("index file corrupt");
 		commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
@@ -252,7 +260,7 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (all || (also && pathspec && *pathspec)) {
 		int fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
 		add_files_to_cache(also ? prefix : NULL, pathspec, 0);
-		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+		refresh_cache(refresh_flags);
 		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
 			die("unable to write new_index file");
@@ -270,11 +278,13 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * We still need to refresh the index here.
 	 */
 	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec) {
-		fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
-		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
-		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-		    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
-			die("unable to write new_index file");
+		fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, !is_status);
+		refresh_cache(refresh_flags);
+		if (0 <= fd) {
+			if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+			    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
+				die("unable to write new_index file");
+		}
 		commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
 		return get_index_file();
 	}
@@ -338,61 +348,24 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return false_lock.filename;
 }
 
-static int run_status(FILE *fp, const char *index_file, const char *prefix, int nowarn)
+static int run_status(FILE *fp, const char *index_file, const char *prefix, int nowarn,
+		      struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	struct wt_status s;
-
-	wt_status_prepare(&s);
-	if (wt_status_relative_paths)
-		s.prefix = prefix;
+	if (s->relative_paths)
+		s->prefix = prefix;
 
 	if (amend) {
-		s.amend = 1;
-		s.reference = "HEAD^1";
+		s->amend = 1;
+		s->reference = "HEAD^1";
 	}
-	s.verbose = verbose;
-	s.untracked = (show_untracked_files == SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES);
-	s.index_file = index_file;
-	s.fp = fp;
-	s.nowarn = nowarn;
-
-	wt_status_print(&s);
-
-	return s.commitable;
-}
-
-static int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...)
-{
-	struct child_process hook;
-	const char *argv[10], *env[2];
-	char index[PATH_MAX];
-	va_list args;
-	int i;
-
-	va_start(args, name);
-	argv[0] = git_path("hooks/%s", name);
-	i = 0;
-	do {
-		if (++i >= ARRAY_SIZE(argv))
-			die ("run_hook(): too many arguments");
-		argv[i] = va_arg(args, const char *);
-	} while (argv[i]);
-	va_end(args);
-
-	snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
-	env[0] = index;
-	env[1] = NULL;
-
-	if (access(argv[0], X_OK) < 0)
-		return 0;
+	s->verbose = verbose;
+	s->index_file = index_file;
+	s->fp = fp;
+	s->nowarn = nowarn;
 
-	memset(&hook, 0, sizeof(hook));
-	hook.argv = argv;
-	hook.no_stdin = 1;
-	hook.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-	hook.env = env;
+	wt_status_print(s);
 
-	return run_command(&hook);
+	return s->commitable;
 }
 
 static int is_a_merge(const unsigned char *sha1)
@@ -413,7 +386,7 @@ static void determine_author_info(void)
 	email = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL");
 	date = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE");
 
-	if (use_message) {
+	if (use_message && !renew_authorship) {
 		const char *a, *lb, *rb, *eol;
 
 		a = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
@@ -446,7 +419,49 @@ static void determine_author_info(void)
 	author_date = date;
 }
 
-static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
+static int ends_rfc2822_footer(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int ch;
+	int hit = 0;
+	int i, j, k;
+	int len = sb->len;
+	int first = 1;
+	const char *buf = sb->buf;
+
+	for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
+		if (hit && buf[i] == '\n')
+			break;
+		hit = (buf[i] == '\n');
+	}
+
+	while (i < len - 1 && buf[i] == '\n')
+		i++;
+
+	for (; i < len; i = k) {
+		for (k = i; k < len && buf[k] != '\n'; k++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		k++;
+
+		if ((buf[k] == ' ' || buf[k] == '\t') && !first)
+			continue;
+
+		first = 0;
+
+		for (j = 0; i + j < len; j++) {
+			ch = buf[i + j];
+			if (ch == ':')
+				break;
+			if (isalnum(ch) ||
+			    (ch == '-'))
+				continue;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
+			     struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct stat statbuf;
 	int commitable, saved_color_setting;
@@ -467,12 +482,12 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 		if (isatty(0))
 			fprintf(stderr, "(reading log message from standard input)\n");
 		if (strbuf_read(&sb, 0, 0) < 0)
-			die("could not read log from standard input");
+			die_errno("could not read log from standard input");
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (logfile) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, logfile, 0) < 0)
-			die("could not read log file '%s': %s",
-			    logfile, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not read log file '%s'",
+				  logfile);
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (use_message) {
 		buffer = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\n\n");
@@ -483,16 +498,15 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 		hook_arg2 = use_message;
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-			die("could not read MERGE_MSG: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not read MERGE_MSG");
 		hook_arg1 = "merge";
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-			die("could not read SQUASH_MSG: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not read SQUASH_MSG");
 		hook_arg1 = "squash";
 	} else if (template_file && !stat(template_file, &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, template_file, 0) < 0)
-			die("could not read %s: %s",
-			    template_file, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not read '%s'", template_file);
 		hook_arg1 = "template";
 	}
 
@@ -505,8 +519,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 
 	fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
 	if (fp == NULL)
-		die("could not open %s: %s",
-		    git_path(commit_editmsg), strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("could not open '%s'", git_path(commit_editmsg));
 
 	if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
 		stripspace(&sb, 0);
@@ -522,7 +535,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 		for (i = sb.len - 1; i > 0 && sb.buf[i - 1] != '\n'; i--)
 			; /* do nothing */
 		if (prefixcmp(sb.buf + i, sob.buf)) {
-			if (prefixcmp(sb.buf + i, sign_off_header))
+			if (!i || !ends_rfc2822_footer(&sb))
 				strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
 			strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &sob);
 		}
@@ -530,7 +543,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, fp) < sb.len)
-		die("could not write commit template: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("could not write commit template");
 
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
@@ -590,12 +603,11 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 		if (ident_shown)
 			fprintf(fp, "#\n");
 
-		saved_color_setting = wt_status_use_color;
-		wt_status_use_color = 0;
-		commitable = run_status(fp, index_file, prefix, 1);
-		wt_status_use_color = saved_color_setting;
+		saved_color_setting = s->use_color;
+		s->use_color = 0;
+		commitable = run_status(fp, index_file, prefix, 1, s);
+		s->use_color = saved_color_setting;
 	} else {
-		struct rev_info rev;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		const char *parent = "HEAD";
 
@@ -607,24 +619,15 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (get_sha1(parent, sha1))
 			commitable = !!active_nr;
-		else {
-			init_revisions(&rev, "");
-			rev.abbrev = 0;
-			setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, parent);
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, QUIET);
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
-			run_diff_index(&rev, 1 /* cached */);
-
-			commitable = !!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, HAS_CHANGES);
-		}
+		else
+			commitable = index_differs_from(parent, 0);
 	}
 
 	fclose(fp);
 
 	if (!commitable && !in_merge && !allow_empty &&
 	    !(amend && is_a_merge(head_sha1))) {
-		run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0);
-		unlink(commit_editmsg);
+		run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0, s);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -639,7 +642,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix)
 		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
 	if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
 			      active_cache, active_nr, 0, 0) < 0) {
-		error("Error building trees; the index is unmerged?");
+		error("Error building trees");
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -727,8 +730,10 @@ static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 	prepare_revision_walk(&revs);
 	commit = get_revision(&revs);
 	if (commit) {
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &buf, DATE_NORMAL);
+		format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &buf, &ctx);
 		return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 	}
 	die("No existing author found with '%s'", name);
@@ -736,17 +741,20 @@ static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 
 static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 				      const char * const usage[],
-				      const char *prefix)
+				      const char *prefix,
+				      struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int f = 0;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_options, usage, 0);
-	logfile = parse_options_fix_filename(prefix, logfile);
-	template_file = parse_options_fix_filename(prefix, template_file);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_commit_options, usage,
+			     0);
 
 	if (force_author && !strchr(force_author, '>'))
 		force_author = find_author_by_nickname(force_author);
 
+	if (force_author && renew_authorship)
+		die("Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense");
+
 	if (logfile || message.len || use_message)
 		use_editor = 0;
 	if (edit_flag)
@@ -780,6 +788,8 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 		use_message = edit_message;
 	if (amend && !use_message)
 		use_message = "HEAD";
+	if (!use_message && renew_authorship)
+		die("--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend.");
 	if (use_message) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		static char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
@@ -840,11 +850,11 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 	if (!untracked_files_arg)
 		; /* default already initialized */
 	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "no"))
-		show_untracked_files = SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "normal"))
-		show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "all"))
-		show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 	else
 		die("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", untracked_files_arg);
 
@@ -856,32 +866,102 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 	return argc;
 }
 
-int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static int dry_run_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+			  struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	const char *index_file;
 	int commitable;
+	const char *index_file;
 
-	git_config(git_status_config, NULL);
+	index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix, 1);
+	commitable = run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0, s);
+	rollback_index_files();
 
-	if (wt_status_use_color == -1)
-		wt_status_use_color = git_use_color_default;
+	return commitable ? 0 : 1;
+}
 
-	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_status_usage, prefix);
+static int parse_status_slot(const char *var, int offset)
+{
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "header"))
+		return WT_STATUS_HEADER;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "updated")
+		|| !strcasecmp(var+offset, "added"))
+		return WT_STATUS_UPDATED;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "changed"))
+		return WT_STATUS_CHANGED;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "untracked"))
+		return WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "nobranch"))
+		return WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH;
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "unmerged"))
+		return WT_STATUS_UNMERGED;
+	return -1;
+}
 
-	index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix);
+static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
+{
+	struct wt_status *s = cb;
 
-	commitable = run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0);
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.submodulesummary")) {
+		int is_bool;
+		s->submodule_summary = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
+		if (is_bool && s->submodule_summary)
+			s->submodule_summary = -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.color") || !strcmp(k, "color.status")) {
+		s->use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v, -1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!prefixcmp(k, "status.color.") || !prefixcmp(k, "color.status.")) {
+		int slot = parse_status_slot(k, 13);
+		if (slot < 0)
+			return 0;
+		if (!v)
+			return config_error_nonbool(k);
+		color_parse(v, k, s->color_palette[slot]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.relativepaths")) {
+		s->relative_paths = git_config_bool(k, v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "status.showuntrackedfiles")) {
+		if (!v)
+			return config_error_nonbool(k);
+		else if (!strcmp(v, "no"))
+			s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		else if (!strcmp(v, "normal"))
+			s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		else if (!strcmp(v, "all"))
+			s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+		else
+			return error("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", v);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, NULL);
+}
 
-	rollback_index_files();
+int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct wt_status s;
 
-	return commitable ? 0 : 1;
+	wt_status_prepare(&s);
+	git_config(git_status_config, &s);
+	if (s.use_color == -1)
+		s.use_color = git_use_color_default;
+	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+
+	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_status_usage,
+					  prefix, &s);
+	return dry_run_commit(argc, argv, prefix, &s);
 }
 
 static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	static const char *format = "format:%h: \"%s\"";
+	static const char *format = "format:%h] %s";
 	unsigned char junk_sha1[20];
 	const char *head = resolve_ref("HEAD", junk_sha1, 0, NULL);
 
@@ -908,7 +988,7 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
 	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
 	diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
 
-	printf("[%s%s]: created ",
+	printf("[%s%s ",
 		!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/") ?
 			head + 11 :
 			!strcmp(head, "HEAD") ?
@@ -917,8 +997,10 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
 		initial_commit ? " (root-commit)" : "");
 
 	if (!log_tree_commit(&rev, commit)) {
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		format_commit_message(commit, format + 7, &buf, DATE_NORMAL);
+		ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+		format_commit_message(commit, format + 7, &buf, &ctx);
 		printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
@@ -926,17 +1008,14 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
 
 static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
+	struct wt_status *s = cb;
+
 	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.template"))
-		return git_config_string(&template_file, k, v);
+		return git_config_pathname(&template_file, k, v);
 
-	return git_status_config(k, v, cb);
+	return git_status_config(k, v, s);
 }
 
-static const char commit_utf8_warn[] =
-"Warning: commit message does not conform to UTF-8.\n"
-"You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
-"variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n";
-
 int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -947,16 +1026,26 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, **pptr = &parents;
 	struct stat statbuf;
 	int allow_fast_forward = 1;
+	struct wt_status s;
 
-	git_config(git_commit_config, NULL);
+	wt_status_prepare(&s);
+	git_config(git_commit_config, &s);
 
-	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_usage, prefix);
+	if (s.use_color == -1)
+		s.use_color = git_use_color_default;
 
-	index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix);
+	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_usage,
+					  prefix, &s);
+	if (dry_run) {
+		if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
+			diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
+		return dry_run_commit(argc, argv, prefix, &s);
+	}
+	index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix, 0);
 
 	/* Set up everything for writing the commit object.  This includes
 	   running hooks, writing the trees, and interacting with the user.  */
-	if (!prepare_to_commit(index_file, prefix)) {
+	if (!prepare_to_commit(index_file, prefix, &s)) {
 		rollback_index_files();
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -983,8 +1072,8 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
 		fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), "r");
 		if (fp == NULL)
-			die("could not open %s for reading: %s",
-			    git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		while (strbuf_getline(&m, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			if (get_sha1_hex(m.buf, sha1) < 0)
@@ -995,8 +1084,7 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		strbuf_release(&m);
 		if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), &statbuf)) {
 			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MODE"), 0) < 0)
-				die("could not read MERGE_MODE: %s",
-						strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("could not read MERGE_MODE");
 			if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "no-ff"))
 				allow_fast_forward = 0;
 		}
@@ -1010,8 +1098,9 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* Finally, get the commit message */
 	strbuf_reset(&sb);
 	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path(commit_editmsg), 0) < 0) {
+		int saved_errno = errno;
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("could not read commit message");
+		die("could not read commit message: %s", strerror(saved_errno));
 	}
 
 	/* Truncate the message just before the diff, if any. */
diff --git a/builtin-config.c b/builtin-config.c
index f71016204..a2d656edb 100644
--- a/builtin-config.c
+++ b/builtin-config.c
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "color.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char git_config_set_usage[] =
-"git config [ --global | --system | [ -f | --file ] config-file ] [ --bool | --int | --bool-or-int ] [ -z | --null ] [--get | --get-all | --get-regexp | --replace-all | --add | --unset | --unset-all] name [value [value_regex]] | --rename-section old_name new_name | --remove-section name | --list | --get-color var [default] | --get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]";
+static const char *const builtin_config_usage[] = {
+	"git config [options]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static char *key;
 static regex_t *key_regexp;
@@ -16,7 +19,67 @@ static int seen;
 static char delim = '=';
 static char key_delim = ' ';
 static char term = '\n';
-static enum { T_RAW, T_INT, T_BOOL, T_BOOL_OR_INT } type = T_RAW;
+
+static int use_global_config, use_system_config;
+static const char *given_config_file;
+static int actions, types;
+static const char *get_color_slot, *get_colorbool_slot;
+static int end_null;
+
+#define ACTION_GET (1<<0)
+#define ACTION_GET_ALL (1<<1)
+#define ACTION_GET_REGEXP (1<<2)
+#define ACTION_REPLACE_ALL (1<<3)
+#define ACTION_ADD (1<<4)
+#define ACTION_UNSET (1<<5)
+#define ACTION_UNSET_ALL (1<<6)
+#define ACTION_RENAME_SECTION (1<<7)
+#define ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION (1<<8)
+#define ACTION_LIST (1<<9)
+#define ACTION_EDIT (1<<10)
+#define ACTION_SET (1<<11)
+#define ACTION_SET_ALL (1<<12)
+#define ACTION_GET_COLOR (1<<13)
+#define ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL (1<<14)
+
+#define TYPE_BOOL (1<<0)
+#define TYPE_INT (1<<1)
+#define TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT (1<<2)
+
+static struct option builtin_config_options[] = {
+	OPT_GROUP("Config file location"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "global", &use_global_config, "use global config file"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "system", &use_system_config, "use system config file"),
+	OPT_STRING('f', "file", &given_config_file, "FILE", "use given config file"),
+	OPT_GROUP("Action"),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get", &actions, "get value: name [value-regex]", ACTION_GET),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get-all", &actions, "get all values: key [value-regex]", ACTION_GET_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get-regexp", &actions, "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]", ACTION_GET_REGEXP),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "replace-all", &actions, "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]", ACTION_REPLACE_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "add", &actions, "adds a new variable: name value", ACTION_ADD),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "unset", &actions, "removes a variable: name [value-regex]", ACTION_UNSET),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "unset-all", &actions, "removes all matches: name [value-regex]", ACTION_UNSET_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "rename-section", &actions, "rename section: old-name new-name", ACTION_RENAME_SECTION),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "remove-section", &actions, "remove a section: name", ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION),
+	OPT_BIT('l', "list", &actions, "list all", ACTION_LIST),
+	OPT_BIT('e', "edit", &actions, "opens an editor", ACTION_EDIT),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "get-color", &get_color_slot, "slot", "find the color configured: [default]"),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "get-colorbool", &get_colorbool_slot, "slot", "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"),
+	OPT_GROUP("Type"),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "bool", &types, "value is \"true\" or \"false\"", TYPE_BOOL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "int", &types, "value is decimal number", TYPE_INT),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "bool-or-int", &types, "value is --bool or --int", TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT),
+	OPT_GROUP("Other"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &end_null, "terminate values with NUL byte"),
+	OPT_END(),
+};
+
+static void check_argc(int argc, int min, int max) {
+	if (argc >= min && argc <= max)
+		return;
+	error("wrong number of arguments");
+	usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+}
 
 static int show_all_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 {
@@ -27,7 +90,7 @@ static int show_all_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_config(const char* key_, const char* value_, void *cb)
+static int show_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 {
 	char value[256];
 	const char *vptr = value;
@@ -49,11 +112,11 @@ static int show_config(const char* key_, const char* value_, void *cb)
 	}
 	if (seen && !do_all)
 		dup_error = 1;
-	if (type == T_INT)
+	if (types == TYPE_INT)
 		sprintf(value, "%d", git_config_int(key_, value_?value_:""));
-	else if (type == T_BOOL)
+	else if (types == TYPE_BOOL)
 		vptr = git_config_bool(key_, value_) ? "true" : "false";
-	else if (type == T_BOOL_OR_INT) {
+	else if (types == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
 		int is_bool, v;
 		v = git_config_bool_or_int(key_, value_, &is_bool);
 		if (is_bool)
@@ -74,7 +137,7 @@ static int show_config(const char* key_, const char* value_, void *cb)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_value(const char* key_, const char* regex_)
+static int get_value(const char *key_, const char *regex_)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
 	char *tl;
@@ -152,18 +215,18 @@ static char *normalize_value(const char *key, const char *value)
 	if (!value)
 		return NULL;
 
-	if (type == T_RAW)
+	if (types == 0)
 		normalized = xstrdup(value);
 	else {
 		normalized = xmalloc(64);
-		if (type == T_INT) {
+		if (types == TYPE_INT) {
 			int v = git_config_int(key, value);
 			sprintf(normalized, "%d", v);
 		}
-		else if (type == T_BOOL)
+		else if (types == TYPE_BOOL)
 			sprintf(normalized, "%s",
 				git_config_bool(key, value) ? "true" : "false");
-		else if (type == T_BOOL_OR_INT) {
+		else if (types == TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT) {
 			int is_bool, v;
 			v = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &is_bool);
 			if (!is_bool)
@@ -178,6 +241,7 @@ static char *normalize_value(const char *key, const char *value)
 
 static int get_color_found;
 static const char *get_color_slot;
+static const char *get_colorbool_slot;
 static char parsed_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 
 static int git_get_color_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
@@ -191,29 +255,8 @@ static int git_get_color_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_color(int argc, const char **argv)
+static void get_color(const char *def_color)
 {
-	/*
-	 * grab the color setting for the given slot from the configuration,
-	 * or parse the default value if missing, and return ANSI color
-	 * escape sequence.
-	 *
-	 * e.g.
-	 * git config --get-color color.diff.whitespace "blue reverse"
-	 */
-	const char *def_color = NULL;
-
-	switch (argc) {
-	default:
-		usage(git_config_set_usage);
-	case 2:
-		def_color = argv[1];
-		/* fallthru */
-	case 1:
-		get_color_slot = argv[0];
-		break;
-	}
-
 	get_color_found = 0;
 	parsed_color[0] = '\0';
 	git_config(git_get_color_config, NULL);
@@ -222,7 +265,6 @@ static int get_color(int argc, const char **argv)
 		color_parse(def_color, "command line", parsed_color);
 
 	fputs(parsed_color, stdout);
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static int stdout_is_tty;
@@ -231,7 +273,7 @@ static int get_diff_color_found;
 static int git_get_colorbool_config(const char *var, const char *value,
 		void *cb)
 {
-	if (!strcmp(var, get_color_slot)) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, get_colorbool_slot)) {
 		get_colorbool_found =
 			git_config_colorbool(var, value, stdout_is_tty);
 	}
@@ -246,183 +288,191 @@ static int git_get_colorbool_config(const char *var, const char *value,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_colorbool(int argc, const char **argv)
+static int get_colorbool(int print)
 {
-	/*
-	 * git config --get-colorbool <slot> [<stdout-is-tty>]
-	 *
-	 * returns "true" or "false" depending on how <slot>
-	 * is configured.
-	 */
-
-	if (argc == 2)
-		stdout_is_tty = git_config_bool("command line", argv[1]);
-	else if (argc == 1)
-		stdout_is_tty = isatty(1);
-	else
-		usage(git_config_set_usage);
 	get_colorbool_found = -1;
 	get_diff_color_found = -1;
-	get_color_slot = argv[0];
 	git_config(git_get_colorbool_config, NULL);
 
 	if (get_colorbool_found < 0) {
-		if (!strcmp(get_color_slot, "color.diff"))
+		if (!strcmp(get_colorbool_slot, "color.diff"))
 			get_colorbool_found = get_diff_color_found;
 		if (get_colorbool_found < 0)
 			get_colorbool_found = git_use_color_default;
 	}
 
-	if (argc == 1) {
-		return get_colorbool_found ? 0 : 1;
-	} else {
+	if (print) {
 		printf("%s\n", get_colorbool_found ? "true" : "false");
 		return 0;
-	}
+	} else
+		return get_colorbool_found ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
-int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
 	int nongit;
-	char* value;
-	const char *file = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	char *value;
+	const char *prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 
 	config_exclusive_filename = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
 
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--int"))
-			type = T_INT;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--bool"))
-			type = T_BOOL;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--bool-or-int"))
-			type = T_BOOL_OR_INT;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--list") || !strcmp(argv[1], "-l")) {
-			if (argc != 2)
-				usage(git_config_set_usage);
-			if (git_config(show_all_config, NULL) < 0 &&
-					file && errno)
-				die("unable to read config file %s: %s", file,
-				    strerror(errno));
-			return 0;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--global")) {
-			char *home = getenv("HOME");
-			if (home) {
-				char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-				config_exclusive_filename = user_config;
-			} else {
-				die("$HOME not set");
-			}
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--system"))
-			config_exclusive_filename = git_etc_gitconfig();
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--file") || !strcmp(argv[1], "-f")) {
-			if (argc < 3)
-				usage(git_config_set_usage);
-			if (!is_absolute_path(argv[2]) && file)
-				file = prefix_filename(file, strlen(file),
-						       argv[2]);
-			else
-				file = argv[2];
-			config_exclusive_filename = file;
-			argc--;
-			argv++;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--null") || !strcmp(argv[1], "-z")) {
-			term = '\0';
-			delim = '\n';
-			key_delim = '\n';
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--rename-section")) {
-			int ret;
-			if (argc != 4)
-				usage(git_config_set_usage);
-			ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[2], argv[3]);
-			if (ret < 0)
-				return ret;
-			if (ret == 0) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No such section!\n");
-				return 1;
-			}
-			return 0;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--remove-section")) {
-			int ret;
-			if (argc != 3)
-				usage(git_config_set_usage);
-			ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[2], NULL);
-			if (ret < 0)
-				return ret;
-			if (ret == 0) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No such section!\n");
-				return 1;
-			}
-			return 0;
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-color")) {
-			return get_color(argc-2, argv+2);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-colorbool")) {
-			return get_colorbool(argc-2, argv+2);
-		} else
-			break;
-		argc--;
-		argv++;
-	}
-
-	switch (argc) {
-	case 2:
-		return get_value(argv[1], NULL);
-	case 3:
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset"))
-			return git_config_set(argv[2], NULL);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset-all"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], NULL, NULL, 1);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get"))
-			return get_value(argv[2], NULL);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-all")) {
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], NULL);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-regexp")) {
-			show_keys = 1;
-			use_key_regexp = 1;
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_config_options,
+			     builtin_config_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+
+	if (use_global_config + use_system_config + !!given_config_file > 1) {
+		error("only one config file at a time.");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	}
+
+	if (use_global_config) {
+		char *home = getenv("HOME");
+		if (home) {
+			char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
+			config_exclusive_filename = user_config;
 		} else {
-			value = normalize_value(argv[1], argv[2]);
-			return git_config_set(argv[1], value);
+			die("$HOME not set");
 		}
-	case 4:
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], NULL, argv[3], 0);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--unset-all"))
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], NULL, argv[3], 1);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get"))
-			return get_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-all")) {
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--get-regexp")) {
-			show_keys = 1;
-			use_key_regexp = 1;
-			do_all = 1;
-			return get_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--add")) {
-			value = normalize_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], value, "^$", 0);
-		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--replace-all")) {
-			value = normalize_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], value, NULL, 1);
-		} else {
-			value = normalize_value(argv[1], argv[2]);
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[1], value, argv[3], 0);
+	}
+	else if (use_system_config)
+		config_exclusive_filename = git_etc_gitconfig();
+	else if (given_config_file) {
+		if (!is_absolute_path(given_config_file) && prefix)
+			config_exclusive_filename = prefix_filename(prefix,
+								    strlen(prefix),
+								    argv[2]);
+		else
+			config_exclusive_filename = given_config_file;
+	}
+
+	if (end_null) {
+		term = '\0';
+		delim = '\n';
+		key_delim = '\n';
+	}
+
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(types)) {
+		error("only one type at a time.");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	}
+
+	if (get_color_slot)
+	    actions |= ACTION_GET_COLOR;
+	if (get_colorbool_slot)
+	    actions |= ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL;
+
+	if ((get_color_slot || get_colorbool_slot) && types) {
+		error("--get-color and variable type are incoherent");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	}
+
+	if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(actions)) {
+		error("only one action at a time.");
+		usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
+	}
+	if (actions == 0)
+		switch (argc) {
+		case 1: actions = ACTION_GET; break;
+		case 2: actions = ACTION_SET; break;
+		case 3: actions = ACTION_SET_ALL; break;
+		default:
+			usage_with_options(builtin_config_usage, builtin_config_options);
 		}
-	case 5:
-		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--replace-all")) {
-			value = normalize_value(argv[2], argv[3]);
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[2], value, argv[4], 1);
+
+	if (actions == ACTION_LIST) {
+		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
+		if (git_config(show_all_config, NULL) < 0) {
+			if (config_exclusive_filename)
+				die_errno("unable to read config file '%s'",
+					  config_exclusive_filename);
+			else
+				die("error processing config file(s)");
 		}
-	case 1:
-	default:
-		usage(git_config_set_usage);
 	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_EDIT) {
+		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
+		if (!config_exclusive_filename && nongit)
+			die("not in a git directory");
+		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+		launch_editor(config_exclusive_filename ?
+			      config_exclusive_filename : git_path("config"),
+			      NULL, NULL);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_SET) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set(argv[0], value);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_SET_ALL) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, argv[2], 0);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_ADD) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, "^$", 0);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_REPLACE_ALL) {
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
+		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, argv[2], 1);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET) {
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return get_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_ALL) {
+		do_all = 1;
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return get_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_REGEXP) {
+		show_keys = 1;
+		use_key_regexp = 1;
+		do_all = 1;
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return get_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_UNSET) {
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		if (argc == 2)
+			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 0);
+		else
+			return git_config_set(argv[0], NULL);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_UNSET_ALL) {
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
+		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 1);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_RENAME_SECTION) {
+		int ret;
+		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
+		ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+		if (ret == 0)
+			die("No such section!");
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION) {
+		int ret;
+		check_argc(argc, 1, 1);
+		ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[0], NULL);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+		if (ret == 0)
+			die("No such section!");
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_COLOR) {
+		get_color(argv[0]);
+	}
+	else if (actions == ACTION_GET_COLORBOOL) {
+		if (argc == 1)
+			stdout_is_tty = git_config_bool("command line", argv[0]);
+		else if (argc == 0)
+			stdout_is_tty = isatty(1);
+		return get_colorbool(argc != 0);
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-count-objects.c b/builtin-count-objects.c
index ab35b65b0..2bdd8ebde 100644
--- a/builtin-count-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-count-objects.c
@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 			  unsigned long *loose,
-			  unsigned long *loose_size,
+			  off_t *loose_size,
 			  unsigned long *packed_loose,
 			  unsigned long *garbage)
 {
@@ -21,9 +22,7 @@ static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 		const char *cp;
 		int bad = 0;
 
-		if ((ent->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-		    (ent->d_name[1] == 0 ||
-		     ((ent->d_name[1] == '.') && (ent->d_name[2] == 0))))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(ent->d_name))
 			continue;
 		for (cp = ent->d_name; *cp; cp++) {
 			int ch = *cp;
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ static void count_objects(DIR *d, char *path, int len, int verbose,
 		hex[40] = 0;
 		if (get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
 			die("internal error");
-		if (has_sha1_pack(sha1, NULL))
+		if (has_sha1_pack(sha1))
 			(*packed_loose)++;
 	}
 }
@@ -78,13 +77,13 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int len = strlen(objdir);
 	char *path = xmalloc(len + 50);
 	unsigned long loose = 0, packed = 0, packed_loose = 0, garbage = 0;
-	unsigned long loose_size = 0;
+	off_t loose_size = 0;
 	struct option opts[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, opts, count_objects_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, count_objects_usage, 0);
 	/* we do not take arguments other than flags for now */
 	if (argc)
 		usage_with_options(count_objects_usage, opts);
@@ -104,7 +103,7 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (verbose) {
 		struct packed_git *p;
 		unsigned long num_pack = 0;
-		unsigned long size_pack = 0;
+		off_t size_pack = 0;
 		if (!packed_git)
 			prepare_packed_git();
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
@@ -117,15 +116,15 @@ int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			num_pack++;
 		}
 		printf("count: %lu\n", loose);
-		printf("size: %lu\n", loose_size / 1024);
+		printf("size: %lu\n", (unsigned long) (loose_size / 1024));
 		printf("in-pack: %lu\n", packed);
 		printf("packs: %lu\n", num_pack);
-		printf("size-pack: %lu\n", size_pack / 1024);
+		printf("size-pack: %lu\n", (unsigned long) (size_pack / 1024));
 		printf("prune-packable: %lu\n", packed_loose);
 		printf("garbage: %lu\n", garbage);
 	}
 	else
 		printf("%lu objects, %lu kilobytes\n",
-		       loose, loose_size / 1024);
+		       loose, (unsigned long) (loose_size / 1024));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-describe.c b/builtin-describe.c
index d2cfb1b08..71be2a936 100644
--- a/builtin-describe.c
+++ b/builtin-describe.c
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "diff.h"
 
 #define SEEN		(1u<<0)
 #define MAX_TAGS	(FLAG_BITS - 1)
 
 static const char * const describe_usage[] = {
 	"git describe [options] <committish>*",
+	"git describe [options] --dirty",
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -20,8 +22,16 @@ static int tags;	/* Allow lightweight tags */
 static int longformat;
 static int abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 static int max_candidates = 10;
+static int found_names;
 static const char *pattern;
 static int always;
+static const char *dirty;
+
+/* diff-index command arguments to check if working tree is dirty. */
+static const char *diff_index_args[] = {
+	"diff-index", "--quiet", "HEAD", "--", NULL
+};
+
 
 struct commit_name {
 	struct tag *tag;
@@ -49,6 +59,7 @@ static void add_to_known_names(const char *path,
 		memcpy(e->path, path, len);
 		commit->util = e;
 	}
+	found_names = 1;
 }
 
 static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
@@ -94,8 +105,6 @@ static int get_name(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void
 	if (!all) {
 		if (!prio)
 			return 0;
-		if (!tags && prio < 2)
-			return 0;
 	}
 	add_to_known_names(all ? path + 5 : path + 10, commit, prio, sha1);
 	return 0;
@@ -158,7 +167,7 @@ static void display_name(struct commit_name *n)
 		n->tag = lookup_tag(n->sha1);
 		if (!n->tag || parse_tag(n->tag) || !n->tag->tag)
 			die("annotated tag %s not available", n->path);
-		if (strcmp(n->tag->tag, n->path))
+		if (strcmp(n->tag->tag, all ? n->path + 5 : n->path))
 			warning("tag '%s' is really '%s' here", n->tag->tag, n->path);
 	}
 
@@ -178,11 +187,11 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct commit *cmit, *gave_up_on = NULL;
 	struct commit_list *list;
-	static int initialized = 0;
 	struct commit_name *n;
 	struct possible_tag all_matches[MAX_TAGS];
 	unsigned int match_cnt = 0, annotated_cnt = 0, cur_match;
 	unsigned long seen_commits = 0;
+	unsigned int unannotated_cnt = 0;
 
 	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
@@ -190,19 +199,16 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	if (!cmit)
 		die("%s is not a valid '%s' object", arg, commit_type);
 
-	if (!initialized) {
-		initialized = 1;
-		for_each_ref(get_name, NULL);
-	}
-
 	n = cmit->util;
-	if (n) {
+	if (n && (tags || all || n->prio == 2)) {
 		/*
 		 * Exact match to an existing ref.
 		 */
 		display_name(n);
 		if (longformat)
 			show_suffix(0, n->tag ? n->tag->tagged->sha1 : sha1);
+		if (dirty)
+			printf("%s", dirty);
 		printf("\n");
 		return;
 	}
@@ -221,7 +227,9 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 		seen_commits++;
 		n = c->util;
 		if (n) {
-			if (match_cnt < max_candidates) {
+			if (!tags && !all && n->prio < 2) {
+				unannotated_cnt++;
+			} else if (match_cnt < max_candidates) {
 				struct possible_tag *t = &all_matches[match_cnt++];
 				t->name = n;
 				t->depth = seen_commits - 1;
@@ -260,10 +268,20 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	if (!match_cnt) {
 		const unsigned char *sha1 = cmit->object.sha1;
 		if (always) {
-			printf("%s\n", find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+			printf("%s", find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev));
+			if (dirty)
+				printf("%s", dirty);
+			printf("\n");
 			return;
 		}
-		die("cannot describe '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		if (unannotated_cnt)
+			die("No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+			    "However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags.",
+			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		else
+			die("No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+			    "Try --always, or create some tags.",
+			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
 	qsort(all_matches, match_cnt, sizeof(all_matches[0]), compare_pt);
@@ -295,6 +313,8 @@ static void describe(const char *arg, int last_one)
 	display_name(all_matches[0].name);
 	if (abbrev)
 		show_suffix(all_matches[0].depth, cmit->object.sha1);
+	if (dirty)
+		printf("%s", dirty);
 	printf("\n");
 
 	if (!last_one)
@@ -319,10 +339,13 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			   "only consider tags matching <pattern>"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "always",     &always,
 			   "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"),
+		{OPTION_STRING, 0, "dirty",  &dirty, "mark",
+			   "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")",
+		 PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "-dirty"},
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, describe_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, describe_usage, 0);
 	if (max_candidates < 0)
 		max_candidates = 0;
 	else if (max_candidates > MAX_TAGS)
@@ -334,7 +357,7 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die("--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0");
 
 	if (contains) {
-		const char **args = xmalloc((7 + argc) * sizeof(char*));
+		const char **args = xmalloc((7 + argc) * sizeof(char *));
 		int i = 0;
 		args[i++] = "name-rev";
 		args[i++] = "--name-only";
@@ -349,13 +372,21 @@ int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				args[i++] = s;
 			}
 		}
-		memcpy(args + i, argv, argc * sizeof(char*));
+		memcpy(args + i, argv, argc * sizeof(char *));
 		args[i + argc] = NULL;
 		return cmd_name_rev(i + argc, args, prefix);
 	}
 
+	for_each_ref(get_name, NULL);
+	if (!found_names && !always)
+		die("No names found, cannot describe anything.");
+
 	if (argc == 0) {
+		if (dirty && !cmd_diff_index(ARRAY_SIZE(diff_index_args) - 1, diff_index_args, prefix))
+			dirty = NULL;
 		describe("HEAD", 1);
+	} else if (dirty) {
+		die("--dirty is incompatible with committishes");
 	} else {
 		while (argc-- > 0) {
 			describe(*argv++, argc == 0);
diff --git a/builtin-diff-tree.c b/builtin-diff-tree.c
index 8ecefd4f0..2380c2195 100644
--- a/builtin-diff-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-diff-tree.c
@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	init_revisions(opt, prefix);
 	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
-	nr_sha1 = 0;
 	opt->abbrev = 0;
 	opt->diff = 1;
+	opt->disable_stdin = 1;
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, opt, NULL);
 
 	while (--argc > 0) {
diff --git a/builtin-diff.c b/builtin-diff.c
index dddcf697d..ffcdd055c 100644
--- a/builtin-diff.c
+++ b/builtin-diff.c
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ static int builtin_diff_b_f(struct rev_info *revs,
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 
 	if (lstat(path, &st))
-		die("'%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", path);
 	if (!(S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)))
 		die("'%s': not a regular file or symlink", path);
 
@@ -218,6 +218,8 @@ static int builtin_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv
 			revs->max_count = 3;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-q"))
 			options |= DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+			usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 		else
 			return error("invalid option: %s", argv[1]);
 		argv++; argc--;
@@ -290,8 +292,9 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* Otherwise, we are doing the usual "git" diff */
 	rev.diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = !!diff_auto_refresh_index;
 
-	/* Default to let external be used */
+	/* Default to let external and textconv be used */
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 
 	if (nongit)
 		die("Not a git repository");
@@ -303,7 +306,6 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 
 	/*
 	 * If the user asked for our exit code then don't start a
diff --git a/builtin-fast-export.c b/builtin-fast-export.c
index 7d5d57ad7..b0a4029c9 100644
--- a/builtin-fast-export.c
+++ b/builtin-fast-export.c
@@ -23,7 +23,10 @@ static const char *fast_export_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static int progress;
-static enum { VERBATIM, WARN, STRIP, ABORT } signed_tag_mode = ABORT;
+static enum { ABORT, VERBATIM, WARN, STRIP } signed_tag_mode = ABORT;
+static enum { ERROR, DROP, REWRITE } tag_of_filtered_mode = ABORT;
+static int fake_missing_tagger;
+static int no_data;
 
 static int parse_opt_signed_tag_mode(const struct option *opt,
 				     const char *arg, int unset)
@@ -41,6 +44,20 @@ static int parse_opt_signed_tag_mode(const struct option *opt,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int parse_opt_tag_of_filtered_mode(const struct option *opt,
+					  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset || !strcmp(arg, "abort"))
+		tag_of_filtered_mode = ABORT;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "drop"))
+		tag_of_filtered_mode = DROP;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "rewrite"))
+		tag_of_filtered_mode = REWRITE;
+	else
+		return error("Unknown tag-of-filtered mode: %s", arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static struct decoration idnums;
 static uint32_t last_idnum;
 
@@ -100,6 +117,9 @@ static void handle_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	char *buf;
 	struct object *object;
 
+	if (no_data)
+		return;
+
 	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
 		return;
 
@@ -118,7 +138,7 @@ static void handle_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 
 	printf("blob\nmark :%"PRIu32"\ndata %lu\n", last_idnum, size);
 	if (size && fwrite(buf, size, 1, stdout) != 1)
-		die ("Could not write blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		die_errno ("Could not write blob '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	printf("\n");
 
 	show_progress();
@@ -157,7 +177,7 @@ static void show_filemodify(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			 * Links refer to objects in another repositories;
 			 * output the SHA-1 verbatim.
 			 */
-			if (S_ISGITLINK(spec->mode))
+			if (no_data || S_ISGITLINK(spec->mode))
 				printf("M %06o %s %s\n", spec->mode,
 				       sha1_to_hex(spec->sha1), spec->path);
 			else {
@@ -220,7 +240,8 @@ static void handle_commit(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 	if (message)
 		message += 2;
 
-	if (commit->parents) {
+	if (commit->parents &&
+	    get_object_mark(&commit->parents->item->object) != 0) {
 		parse_commit(commit->parents->item);
 		diff_tree_sha1(commit->parents->item->tree->object.sha1,
 			       commit->tree->object.sha1, "", &rev->diffopt);
@@ -287,6 +308,23 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 	char *buf;
 	const char *tagger, *tagger_end, *message;
 	size_t message_size = 0;
+	struct object *tagged;
+	int tagged_mark;
+	struct commit *p;
+
+	/* Trees have no identifer in fast-export output, thus we have no way
+	 * to output tags of trees, tags of tags of trees, etc.  Simply omit
+	 * such tags.
+	 */
+	tagged = tag->tagged;
+	while (tagged->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		tagged = ((struct tag *)tagged)->tagged;
+	}
+	if (tagged->type == OBJ_TREE) {
+		warning("Omitting tag %s,\nsince tags of trees (or tags of tags of trees, etc.) are not supported.",
+			sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+		return;
+	}
 
 	buf = read_sha1_file(tag->object.sha1, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
@@ -297,10 +335,17 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 		message_size = strlen(message);
 	}
 	tagger = memmem(buf, message ? message - buf : size, "\ntagger ", 8);
-	if (!tagger)
-		die ("No tagger for tag %s", sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
-	tagger++;
-	tagger_end = strchrnul(tagger, '\n');
+	if (!tagger) {
+		if (fake_missing_tagger)
+			tagger = "tagger Unspecified Tagger "
+				"<unspecified-tagger> 0 +0000";
+		else
+			tagger = "";
+		tagger_end = tagger + strlen(tagger);
+	} else {
+		tagger++;
+		tagger_end = strchrnul(tagger, '\n');
+	}
 
 	/* handle signed tags */
 	if (message) {
@@ -324,11 +369,47 @@ static void handle_tag(const char *name, struct tag *tag)
 			}
 	}
 
+	/* handle tag->tagged having been filtered out due to paths specified */
+	tagged = tag->tagged;
+	tagged_mark = get_object_mark(tagged);
+	if (!tagged_mark) {
+		switch(tag_of_filtered_mode) {
+		case ABORT:
+			die ("Tag %s tags unexported object; use "
+			     "--tag-of-filtered-object=<mode> to handle it.",
+			     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+		case DROP:
+			/* Ignore this tag altogether */
+			return;
+		case REWRITE:
+			if (tagged->type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
+				die ("Tag %s tags unexported %s!",
+				     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1),
+				     typename(tagged->type));
+			}
+			p = (struct commit *)tagged;
+			for (;;) {
+				if (p->parents && p->parents->next)
+					break;
+				if (p->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+					break;
+				if (!(p->object.flags & TREESAME))
+					break;
+				if (!p->parents)
+					die ("Can't find replacement commit for tag %s\n",
+					     sha1_to_hex(tag->object.sha1));
+				p = p->parents->item;
+			}
+			tagged_mark = get_object_mark(&p->object);
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/"))
 		name += 10;
-	printf("tag %s\nfrom :%d\n%.*s\ndata %d\n%.*s\n",
-	       name, get_object_mark(tag->tagged),
+	printf("tag %s\nfrom :%d\n%.*s%sdata %d\n%.*s\n",
+	       name, tagged_mark,
 	       (int)(tagger_end - tagger), tagger,
+	       tagger == tagger_end ? "" : "\n",
 	       (int)message_size, (int)message_size, message ? message : "");
 }
 
@@ -353,7 +434,10 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct object_array *pending,
 			break;
 		case OBJ_TAG:
 			tag = (struct tag *)e->item;
+
+			/* handle nested tags */
 			while (tag && tag->object.type == OBJ_TAG) {
+				parse_object(tag->object.sha1);
 				string_list_append(full_name, extra_refs)->util = tag;
 				tag = (struct tag *)tag->tagged;
 			}
@@ -366,11 +450,17 @@ static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct object_array *pending,
 			case OBJ_BLOB:
 				handle_object(tag->object.sha1);
 				continue;
+			default: /* OBJ_TAG (nested tags) is already handled */
+				warning("Tag points to object of unexpected type %s, skipping.",
+					typename(tag->object.type));
+				continue;
 			}
 			break;
 		default:
-			die ("Unexpected object of type %s",
-			     typename(e->item->type));
+			warning("%s: Unexpected object of type %s, skipping.",
+				e->name,
+				typename(e->item->type));
+			continue;
 		}
 		if (commit->util)
 			/* more than one name for the same object */
@@ -409,21 +499,27 @@ static void export_marks(char *file)
 	uint32_t mark;
 	struct object_decoration *deco = idnums.hash;
 	FILE *f;
+	int e = 0;
 
 	f = fopen(file, "w");
 	if (!f)
-		error("Unable to open marks file %s for writing", file);
+		error("Unable to open marks file %s for writing.", file);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < idnums.size; i++) {
 		if (deco->base && deco->base->type == 1) {
 			mark = ptr_to_mark(deco->decoration);
-			fprintf(f, ":%"PRIu32" %s\n", mark,
-				sha1_to_hex(deco->base->sha1));
+			if (fprintf(f, ":%"PRIu32" %s\n", mark,
+				sha1_to_hex(deco->base->sha1)) < 0) {
+			    e = 1;
+			    break;
+			}
 		}
 		deco++;
 	}
 
-	if (ferror(f) || fclose(f))
+	e |= ferror(f);
+	e |= fclose(f);
+	if (e)
 		error("Unable to write marks file %s.", file);
 }
 
@@ -432,7 +528,7 @@ static void import_marks(char *input_file)
 	char line[512];
 	FILE *f = fopen(input_file, "r");
 	if (!f)
-		die("cannot read %s: %s", input_file, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot read '%s'", input_file);
 
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
 		uint32_t mark;
@@ -479,19 +575,33 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "signed-tags", &signed_tag_mode, "mode",
 			     "select handling of signed tags",
 			     parse_opt_signed_tag_mode),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "tag-of-filtered-object", &tag_of_filtered_mode, "mode",
+			     "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects",
+			     parse_opt_tag_of_filtered_mode),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "export-marks", &export_filename, "FILE",
 			     "Dump marks to this file"),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "import-marks", &import_filename, "FILE",
 			     "Import marks from this file"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "fake-missing-tagger", &fake_missing_tagger,
+			     "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"),
+		{ OPTION_NEGBIT, 0, "data", &no_data, NULL,
+			"Skip output of blob data",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP, NULL, 1 },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	if (argc == 1)
+		usage_with_options (fast_export_usage, options);
+
 	/* we handle encodings */
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
+	revs.topo_order = 1;
+	revs.show_source = 1;
+	revs.rewrite_parents = 1;
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, fast_export_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, fast_export_usage, 0);
 	if (argc > 1)
 		usage_with_options (fast_export_usage, options);
 
@@ -506,11 +616,7 @@ int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs))) {
 		if (has_unshown_parent(commit)) {
-			struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
 			add_object_array(&commit->object, NULL, &commits);
-			for (; parent; parent = parent->next)
-				if (!parent->item->util)
-					parent->item->util = commit->util;
 		}
 		else {
 			handle_commit(commit, &revs);
diff --git a/builtin-fetch-pack.c b/builtin-fetch-pack.c
index 372bfa20a..8ed4a6fea 100644
--- a/builtin-fetch-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-fetch-pack.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int fetch_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
+static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
 static struct fetch_pack_args args = {
 	/* .uploadpack = */ "git-upload-pack",
 };
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ static void mark_common(struct commit *commit,
   Get the next rev to send, ignoring the common.
 */
 
-static const unsigned char* get_rev(void)
+static const unsigned char *get_rev(void)
 {
 	struct commit *commit = NULL;
 
@@ -156,6 +157,66 @@ static const unsigned char* get_rev(void)
 	return commit->object.sha1;
 }
 
+enum ack_type {
+	NAK = 0,
+	ACK,
+	ACK_continue,
+	ACK_common,
+	ACK_ready
+};
+
+static void consume_shallow_list(int fd)
+{
+	if (args.stateless_rpc && args.depth > 0) {
+		/* If we sent a depth we will get back "duplicate"
+		 * shallow and unshallow commands every time there
+		 * is a block of have lines exchanged.
+		 */
+		char line[1000];
+		while (packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line))) {
+			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow "))
+				continue;
+			if (!prefixcmp(line, "unshallow "))
+				continue;
+			die("git fetch-pack: expected shallow list");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static enum ack_type get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
+{
+	static char line[1000];
+	int len = packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line));
+
+	if (!len)
+		die("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
+	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
+		line[--len] = 0;
+	if (!strcmp(line, "NAK"))
+		return NAK;
+	if (!prefixcmp(line, "ACK ")) {
+		if (!get_sha1_hex(line+4, result_sha1)) {
+			if (strstr(line+45, "continue"))
+				return ACK_continue;
+			if (strstr(line+45, "common"))
+				return ACK_common;
+			if (strstr(line+45, "ready"))
+				return ACK_ready;
+			return ACK;
+		}
+	}
+	die("git fetch_pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'", line);
+}
+
+static void send_request(int fd, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	if (args.stateless_rpc) {
+		send_sideband(fd, -1, buf->buf, buf->len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		packet_flush(fd);
+	} else
+		safe_write(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
+}
+
 static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 		       struct ref *refs)
 {
@@ -164,7 +225,11 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
 	unsigned in_vain = 0;
 	int got_continue = 0;
+	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t state_len = 0;
 
+	if (args.stateless_rpc && multi_ack == 1)
+		die("--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed");
 	if (marked)
 		for_each_ref(clear_marks, NULL);
 	marked = 1;
@@ -174,6 +239,7 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 	fetching = 0;
 	for ( ; refs ; refs = refs->next) {
 		unsigned char *remote = refs->old_sha1;
+		const char *remote_hex;
 		struct object *o;
 
 		/*
@@ -191,34 +257,43 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!fetching)
-			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
-				     sha1_to_hex(remote),
-				     (multi_ack ? " multi_ack" : ""),
-				     (use_sideband == 2 ? " side-band-64k" : ""),
-				     (use_sideband == 1 ? " side-band" : ""),
-				     (args.use_thin_pack ? " thin-pack" : ""),
-				     (args.no_progress ? " no-progress" : ""),
-				     (args.include_tag ? " include-tag" : ""),
-				     " ofs-delta");
-		else
-			packet_write(fd[1], "want %s\n", sha1_to_hex(remote));
+		remote_hex = sha1_to_hex(remote);
+		if (!fetching) {
+			struct strbuf c = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (multi_ack == 2)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack_detailed");
+			if (multi_ack == 1)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack");
+			if (use_sideband == 2)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band-64k");
+			if (use_sideband == 1)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band");
+			if (args.use_thin_pack) strbuf_addstr(&c, " thin-pack");
+			if (args.no_progress)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-progress");
+			if (args.include_tag)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " include-tag");
+			if (prefer_ofs_delta)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " ofs-delta");
+			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "want %s%s\n", remote_hex, c.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&c);
+		} else
+			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "want %s\n", remote_hex);
 		fetching++;
 	}
+
+	if (!fetching) {
+		strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+		packet_flush(fd[1]);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
-		write_shallow_commits(fd[1], 1);
+		write_shallow_commits(&req_buf, 1);
 	if (args.depth > 0)
-		packet_write(fd[1], "deepen %d", args.depth);
-	packet_flush(fd[1]);
-	if (!fetching)
-		return 1;
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "deepen %d", args.depth);
+	packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+	state_len = req_buf.len;
 
 	if (args.depth > 0) {
 		char line[1024];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		int len;
 
-		while ((len = packet_read_line(fd[0], line, sizeof(line)))) {
+		send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
+		while (packet_read_line(fd[0], line, sizeof(line))) {
 			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
 				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
 					die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
@@ -239,45 +314,73 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 			}
 			die("expected shallow/unshallow, got %s", line);
 		}
+	} else if (!args.stateless_rpc)
+		send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
+
+	if (!args.stateless_rpc) {
+		/* If we aren't using the stateless-rpc interface
+		 * we don't need to retain the headers.
+		 */
+		strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, 0);
+		state_len = 0;
 	}
 
 	flushes = 0;
 	retval = -1;
 	while ((sha1 = get_rev())) {
-		packet_write(fd[1], "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		in_vain++;
 		if (!(31 & ++count)) {
 			int ack;
 
-			packet_flush(fd[1]);
+			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+			send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
+			strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, state_len);
 			flushes++;
 
 			/*
 			 * We keep one window "ahead" of the other side, and
 			 * will wait for an ACK only on the next one
 			 */
-			if (count == 32)
+			if (!args.stateless_rpc && count == 32)
 				continue;
 
+			consume_shallow_list(fd[0]);
 			do {
 				ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
 				if (args.verbose && ack)
 					fprintf(stderr, "got ack %d %s\n", ack,
 							sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
-				if (ack == 1) {
+				switch (ack) {
+				case ACK:
 					flushes = 0;
 					multi_ack = 0;
 					retval = 0;
 					goto done;
-				} else if (ack == 2) {
+				case ACK_common:
+				case ACK_ready:
+				case ACK_continue: {
 					struct commit *commit =
 						lookup_commit(result_sha1);
+					if (args.stateless_rpc
+					 && ack == ACK_common
+					 && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
+						/* We need to replay the have for this object
+						 * on the next RPC request so the peer knows
+						 * it is in common with us.
+						 */
+						const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(result_sha1);
+						packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", hex);
+						state_len = req_buf.len;
+					}
 					mark_common(commit, 0, 1);
 					retval = 0;
 					in_vain = 0;
 					got_continue = 1;
+					break;
+					}
 				}
 			} while (ack);
 			flushes--;
@@ -289,20 +392,24 @@ static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
 		}
 	}
 done:
-	packet_write(fd[1], "done\n");
+	packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "done\n");
+	send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
 	if (args.verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "done\n");
 	if (retval != 0) {
 		multi_ack = 0;
 		flushes++;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+
+	consume_shallow_list(fd[0]);
 	while (flushes || multi_ack) {
 		int ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
 		if (ack) {
 			if (args.verbose)
 				fprintf(stderr, "got ack (%d) %s\n", ack,
 					sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
-			if (ack == 1)
+			if (ack == ACK)
 				return 0;
 			multi_ack = 1;
 			continue;
@@ -483,7 +590,9 @@ static int sideband_demux(int fd, void *data)
 {
 	int *xd = data;
 
-	return recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], fd, 2);
+	int ret = recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], fd);
+	close(fd);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int get_pack(int xd[2], char **pack_lockfile)
@@ -582,7 +691,12 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(int fd[2],
 
 	if (is_repository_shallow() && !server_supports("shallow"))
 		die("Server does not support shallow clients");
-	if (server_supports("multi_ack")) {
+	if (server_supports("multi_ack_detailed")) {
+		if (args.verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack_detailed\n");
+		multi_ack = 2;
+	}
+	else if (server_supports("multi_ack")) {
 		if (args.verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack\n");
 		multi_ack = 1;
@@ -597,6 +711,11 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(int fd[2],
 			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band\n");
 		use_sideband = 1;
 	}
+	if (server_supports("ofs-delta")) {
+		if (args.verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports ofs-delta\n");
+	} else
+		prefer_ofs_delta = 0;
 	if (everything_local(&ref, nr_match, match)) {
 		packet_flush(fd[1]);
 		goto all_done;
@@ -606,8 +725,10 @@ static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(int fd[2],
 			/* When cloning, it is not unusual to have
 			 * no common commit.
 			 */
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: no common commits\n");
+			warning("no common commits");
 
+	if (args.stateless_rpc)
+		packet_flush(fd[1]);
 	if (get_pack(fd, pack_lockfile))
 		die("git fetch-pack: fetch failed.");
 
@@ -649,6 +770,11 @@ static int fetch_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (strcmp(var, "repack.usedeltabaseoffset") == 0) {
+		prefer_ofs_delta = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
@@ -673,6 +799,8 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct ref *ref = NULL;
 	char *dest = NULL, **heads;
 	int fd[2];
+	char *pack_lockfile = NULL;
+	char **pack_lockfile_ptr = NULL;
 	struct child_process *conn;
 
 	nr_heads = 0;
@@ -722,6 +850,15 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				args.no_progress = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp("--stateless-rpc", arg)) {
+				args.stateless_rpc = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp("--lock-pack", arg)) {
+				args.lock_pack = 1;
+				pack_lockfile_ptr = &pack_lockfile;
+				continue;
+			}
 			usage(fetch_pack_usage);
 		}
 		dest = (char *)arg;
@@ -732,19 +869,27 @@ int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!dest)
 		usage(fetch_pack_usage);
 
-	conn = git_connect(fd, (char *)dest, args.uploadpack,
-			   args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
-	if (conn) {
-		get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
-
-		ref = fetch_pack(&args, fd, conn, ref, dest, nr_heads, heads, NULL);
-		close(fd[0]);
-		close(fd[1]);
-		if (finish_connect(conn))
-			ref = NULL;
+	if (args.stateless_rpc) {
+		conn = NULL;
+		fd[0] = 0;
+		fd[1] = 1;
 	} else {
-		ref = NULL;
+		conn = git_connect(fd, (char *)dest, args.uploadpack,
+				   args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
 	}
+
+	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+
+	ref = fetch_pack(&args, fd, conn, ref, dest,
+		nr_heads, heads, pack_lockfile_ptr);
+	if (pack_lockfile) {
+		printf("lock %s\n", pack_lockfile);
+		fflush(stdout);
+	}
+	close(fd[0]);
+	close(fd[1]);
+	if (finish_connect(conn))
+		ref = NULL;
 	ret = !ref;
 
 	if (!ret && nr_heads) {
@@ -780,7 +925,8 @@ struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *my_args,
 	struct ref *ref_cpy;
 
 	fetch_pack_setup();
-	memcpy(&args, my_args, sizeof(args));
+	if (&args != my_args)
+		memcpy(&args, my_args, sizeof(args));
 	if (args.depth > 0) {
 		if (stat(git_path("shallow"), &st))
 			st.st_mtime = 0;
@@ -796,31 +942,32 @@ struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *my_args,
 
 	if (args.depth > 0) {
 		struct cache_time mtime;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 		char *shallow = git_path("shallow");
 		int fd;
 
 		mtime.sec = st.st_mtime;
-#ifdef USE_NSEC
-		mtime.usec = st.st_mtim.usec;
-#endif
+		mtime.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
 		if (stat(shallow, &st)) {
 			if (mtime.sec)
 				die("shallow file was removed during fetch");
 		} else if (st.st_mtime != mtime.sec
 #ifdef USE_NSEC
-				|| st.st_mtim.usec != mtime.usec
+				|| ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) != mtime.nsec
 #endif
 			  )
 			die("shallow file was changed during fetch");
 
 		fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, shallow,
 					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-		if (!write_shallow_commits(fd, 0)) {
-			unlink(shallow);
+		if (!write_shallow_commits(&sb, 0)
+		 || write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) != sb.len) {
+			unlink_or_warn(shallow);
 			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 		} else {
 			commit_lock_file(&lock);
 		}
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
 	}
 
 	reprepare_packed_git();
diff --git a/builtin-fetch.c b/builtin-fetch.c
index 7568163af..5b7db616d 100644
--- a/builtin-fetch.c
+++ b/builtin-fetch.c
@@ -10,9 +10,13 @@
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_fetch_usage[] = {
 	"git fetch [options] [<repository> <refspec>...]",
+	"git fetch [options] <group>",
+	"git fetch --multiple [options] [<repository> | <group>]...",
+	"git fetch --all [options]",
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -22,7 +26,7 @@ enum {
 	TAGS_SET = 2
 };
 
-static int append, force, keep, update_head_ok, verbosity;
+static int all, append, dry_run, force, keep, multiple, prune, update_head_ok, verbosity;
 static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT;
 static const char *depth;
 static const char *upload_pack;
@@ -31,16 +35,24 @@ static struct transport *transport;
 
 static struct option builtin_fetch_options[] = {
 	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all", &all,
+		    "fetch from all remotes"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "append", &append,
 		    "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"),
 	OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &upload_pack, "PATH",
 		   "path to upload pack on remote end"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force,
 		    "force overwrite of local branch"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "multiple", &multiple,
+		    "fetch from multiple remotes"),
 	OPT_SET_INT('t', "tags", &tags,
 		    "fetch all tags and associated objects", TAGS_SET),
 	OPT_SET_INT('n', NULL, &tags,
 		    "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)", TAGS_UNSET),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "prune", &prune,
+		    "prune tracking branches no longer on remote"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run,
+		    "dry run"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "keep", &keep, "keep downloaded pack"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update-head-ok", &update_head_ok,
 		    "allow updating of HEAD ref"),
@@ -58,7 +70,7 @@ static void unlock_pack(void)
 static void unlock_pack_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	unlock_pack();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -166,6 +178,9 @@ static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
 	return ref_map;
 }
 
+#define STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER 1
+#define STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT 2
+
 static int s_update_ref(const char *action,
 			struct ref *ref,
 			int check_old)
@@ -174,15 +189,19 @@ static int s_update_ref(const char *action,
 	char *rla = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
 	static struct ref_lock *lock;
 
+	if (dry_run)
+		return 0;
 	if (!rla)
 		rla = default_rla.buf;
 	snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s: %s", rla, action);
 	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref->name,
 				       check_old ? ref->old_sha1 : NULL, 0);
 	if (!lock)
-		return 2;
+		return errno == ENOTDIR ? STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT :
+					  STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER;
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, ref->new_sha1, msg) < 0)
-		return 2;
+		return errno == ENOTDIR ? STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT :
+					  STORE_REF_ERROR_OTHER;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -196,11 +215,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 	struct commit *current = NULL, *updated;
 	enum object_type type;
 	struct branch *current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
-	const char *pretty_ref = ref->name + (
-		!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/heads/") ? 11 :
-		!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/") ? 10 :
-		!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/remotes/") ? 13 :
-		0);
+	const char *pretty_ref = prettify_refname(ref->name);
 
 	*display = 0;
 	type = sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL);
@@ -267,7 +282,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 		strcat(quickref, "..");
 		strcat(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(ref->new_sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-		r = s_update_ref("fast forward", ref, 1);
+		r = s_update_ref("fast-forward", ref, 1);
 		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : ' ',
 			SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
 			pretty_ref, r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
@@ -285,14 +300,14 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 			r ? "unable to update local ref" : "forced update");
 		return r;
 	} else {
-		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (non fast forward)",
+		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (non-fast-forward)",
 			SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[rejected]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
 			pretty_ref);
 		return 1;
 	}
 }
 
-static int store_updated_refs(const char *url, const char *remote_name,
+static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 		struct ref *ref_map)
 {
 	FILE *fp;
@@ -301,11 +316,13 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *url, const char *remote_name,
 	char note[1024];
 	const char *what, *kind;
 	struct ref *rm;
-	char *filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+	char *url, *filename = dry_run ? "/dev/null" : git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
 
 	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 	if (!fp)
 		return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+
+	url = transport_anonymize_url(raw_url);
 	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
 		struct ref *ref = NULL;
 
@@ -356,12 +373,18 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *url, const char *remote_name,
 						    kind);
 			note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "'%s' of ", what);
 		}
-		note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "%.*s", url_len, url);
-		fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s\n",
+		note[note_len] = '\0';
+		fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s",
 			sha1_to_hex(commit ? commit->object.sha1 :
 				    rm->old_sha1),
 			rm->merge ? "" : "not-for-merge",
 			note);
+		for (i = 0; i < url_len; ++i)
+			if ('\n' == url[i])
+				fputs("\\n", fp);
+			else
+				fputc(url[i], fp);
+		fputc('\n', fp);
 
 		if (ref)
 			rc |= update_local_ref(ref, what, note);
@@ -379,8 +402,9 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *url, const char *remote_name,
 				fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", note);
 		}
 	}
+	free(url);
 	fclose(fp);
-	if (rc & 2)
+	if (rc & STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT)
 		error("some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 		      " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting "
 		      "branches", remote_name);
@@ -389,14 +413,14 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *url, const char *remote_name,
 
 /*
  * We would want to bypass the object transfer altogether if
- * everything we are going to fetch already exists and connected
+ * everything we are going to fetch already exists and is connected
  * locally.
  *
- * The refs we are going to fetch are in to_fetch (nr_heads in
- * total).  If running
+ * The refs we are going to fetch are in ref_map.  If running
  *
- *  $ git rev-list --objects to_fetch[0] to_fetch[1] ... --not --all
+ *  $ git rev-list --objects --stdin --not --all
  *
+ * (feeding all the refs in ref_map on its standard input)
  * does not error out, that means everything reachable from the
  * refs we are going to fetch exists and is connected to some of
  * our existing refs.
@@ -405,8 +429,9 @@ static int quickfetch(struct ref *ref_map)
 {
 	struct child_process revlist;
 	struct ref *ref;
-	char **argv;
-	int i, err;
+	int err;
+	const char *argv[] = {"rev-list",
+		"--quiet", "--objects", "--stdin", "--not", "--all", NULL};
 
 	/*
 	 * If we are deepening a shallow clone we already have these
@@ -418,34 +443,46 @@ static int quickfetch(struct ref *ref_map)
 	if (depth)
 		return -1;
 
-	for (i = 0, ref = ref_map; ref; ref = ref->next)
-		i++;
-	if (!i)
+	if (!ref_map)
 		return 0;
 
-	argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (i + 6));
-	i = 0;
-	argv[i++] = xstrdup("rev-list");
-	argv[i++] = xstrdup("--quiet");
-	argv[i++] = xstrdup("--objects");
-	for (ref = ref_map; ref; ref = ref->next)
-		argv[i++] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1));
-	argv[i++] = xstrdup("--not");
-	argv[i++] = xstrdup("--all");
-	argv[i++] = NULL;
-
 	memset(&revlist, 0, sizeof(revlist));
-	revlist.argv = (const char**)argv;
+	revlist.argv = argv;
 	revlist.git_cmd = 1;
-	revlist.no_stdin = 1;
 	revlist.no_stdout = 1;
 	revlist.no_stderr = 1;
-	err = run_command(&revlist);
+	revlist.in = -1;
 
-	for (i = 0; argv[i]; i++)
-		free(argv[i]);
-	free(argv);
-	return err;
+	err = start_command(&revlist);
+	if (err) {
+		error("could not run rev-list");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If rev-list --stdin encounters an unknown commit, it terminates,
+	 * which will cause SIGPIPE in the write loop below.
+	 */
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
+	for (ref = ref_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (write_in_full(revlist.in, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), 40) < 0 ||
+		    write_str_in_full(revlist.in, "\n") < 0) {
+			if (errno != EPIPE && errno != EINVAL)
+				error("failed write to rev-list: %s", strerror(errno));
+			err = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (close(revlist.in)) {
+		error("failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s", strerror(errno));
+		err = -1;
+	}
+
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
+	return finish_command(&revlist) || err;
 }
 
 static int fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
@@ -461,11 +498,34 @@ static int fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int prune_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
+{
+	int result = 0;
+	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = get_stale_heads(transport->remote, ref_map);
+	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
+		? "   (%s will become dangling)\n"
+		: "   (%s has become dangling)\n";
+
+	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (!dry_run)
+			result |= delete_ref(ref->name, NULL, 0);
+		if (verbosity >= 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, " x %-*s %-*s -> %s\n",
+				SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[deleted]",
+				REFCOL_WIDTH, "(none)", prettify_refname(ref->name));
+			warn_dangling_symref(stderr, dangling_msg, ref->name);
+		}
+	}
+	free_refs(stale_refs);
+	return result;
+}
+
 static int add_existing(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 			int flag, void *cbdata)
 {
 	struct string_list *list = (struct string_list *)cbdata;
-	string_list_insert(refname, list);
+	struct string_list_item *item = string_list_insert(refname, list);
+	item->util = (void *)sha1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -480,57 +540,98 @@ static int will_fetch(struct ref **head, const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct tag_data {
+	struct ref **head;
+	struct ref ***tail;
+};
+
+static int add_to_tail(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct tag_data *data = (struct tag_data *)cb_data;
+	struct ref *rm = NULL;
+
+	/* We have already decided to ignore this item */
+	if (!item->util)
+		return 0;
+
+	rm = alloc_ref(item->string);
+	rm->peer_ref = alloc_ref(item->string);
+	hashcpy(rm->old_sha1, item->util);
+
+	**data->tail = rm;
+	*data->tail = &rm->next;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void find_non_local_tags(struct transport *transport,
 			struct ref **head,
 			struct ref ***tail)
 {
 	struct string_list existing_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
-	struct string_list new_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
-	char *ref_name;
-	int ref_name_len;
-	const unsigned char *ref_sha1;
-	const struct ref *tag_ref;
-	struct ref *rm = NULL;
+	struct string_list remote_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct tag_data data = {head, tail};
 	const struct ref *ref;
+	struct string_list_item *item = NULL;
 
 	for_each_ref(add_existing, &existing_refs);
 	for (ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport); ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags"))
 			continue;
 
-		ref_name = xstrdup(ref->name);
-		ref_name_len = strlen(ref_name);
-		ref_sha1 = ref->old_sha1;
-
-		if (!strcmp(ref_name + ref_name_len - 3, "^{}")) {
-			ref_name[ref_name_len - 3] = 0;
-			tag_ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
-			while (tag_ref) {
-				if (!strcmp(tag_ref->name, ref_name)) {
-					ref_sha1 = tag_ref->old_sha1;
-					break;
-				}
-				tag_ref = tag_ref->next;
-			}
+		/*
+		 * The peeled ref always follows the matching base
+		 * ref, so if we see a peeled ref that we don't want
+		 * to fetch then we can mark the ref entry in the list
+		 * as one to ignore by setting util to NULL.
+		 */
+		if (!strcmp(ref->name + strlen(ref->name) - 3, "^{}")) {
+			if (item && !has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) &&
+			    !will_fetch(head, ref->old_sha1) &&
+			    !has_sha1_file(item->util) &&
+			    !will_fetch(head, item->util))
+				item->util = NULL;
+			item = NULL;
+			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!string_list_has_string(&existing_refs, ref_name) &&
-		    !string_list_has_string(&new_refs, ref_name) &&
-		    (has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) ||
-		     will_fetch(head, ref->old_sha1))) {
-			string_list_insert(ref_name, &new_refs);
+		/*
+		 * If item is non-NULL here, then we previously saw a
+		 * ref not followed by a peeled reference, so we need
+		 * to check if it is a lightweight tag that we want to
+		 * fetch.
+		 */
+		if (item && !has_sha1_file(item->util) &&
+		    !will_fetch(head, item->util))
+			item->util = NULL;
 
-			rm = alloc_ref(ref_name);
-			rm->peer_ref = alloc_ref(ref_name);
-			hashcpy(rm->old_sha1, ref_sha1);
+		item = NULL;
 
-			**tail = rm;
-			*tail = &rm->next;
-		}
-		free(ref_name);
+		/* skip duplicates and refs that we already have */
+		if (string_list_has_string(&remote_refs, ref->name) ||
+		    string_list_has_string(&existing_refs, ref->name))
+			continue;
+
+		item = string_list_insert(ref->name, &remote_refs);
+		item->util = (void *)ref->old_sha1;
 	}
 	string_list_clear(&existing_refs, 0);
-	string_list_clear(&new_refs, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * We may have a final lightweight tag that needs to be
+	 * checked to see if it needs fetching.
+	 */
+	if (item && !has_sha1_file(item->util) &&
+	    !will_fetch(head, item->util))
+		item->util = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * For all the tags in the remote_refs string list, call
+	 * add_to_tail to add them to the list of refs to be fetched
+	 */
+	for_each_string_list(add_to_tail, &remote_refs, &data);
+
+	string_list_clear(&remote_refs, 0);
 }
 
 static void check_not_current_branch(struct ref *ref_map)
@@ -543,15 +644,21 @@ static void check_not_current_branch(struct ref *ref_map)
 	for (; ref_map; ref_map = ref_map->next)
 		if (ref_map->peer_ref && !strcmp(current_branch->refname,
 					ref_map->peer_ref->name))
-			die("Refusing to fetch into current branch");
+			die("Refusing to fetch into current branch %s "
+			    "of non-bare repository", current_branch->refname);
 }
 
 static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 		    struct refspec *refs, int ref_count)
 {
+	struct string_list existing_refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct string_list_item *peer_item = NULL;
 	struct ref *ref_map;
 	struct ref *rm;
 	int autotags = (transport->remote->fetch_tags == 1);
+
+	for_each_ref(add_existing, &existing_refs);
+
 	if (transport->remote->fetch_tags == 2 && tags != TAGS_UNSET)
 		tags = TAGS_SET;
 	if (transport->remote->fetch_tags == -1)
@@ -561,7 +668,7 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 		die("Don't know how to fetch from %s", transport->url);
 
 	/* if not appending, truncate FETCH_HEAD */
-	if (!append) {
+	if (!append && !dry_run) {
 		char *filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
 		FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");
 		if (!fp)
@@ -574,8 +681,13 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 		check_not_current_branch(ref_map);
 
 	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
-		if (rm->peer_ref)
-			read_ref(rm->peer_ref->name, rm->peer_ref->old_sha1);
+		if (rm->peer_ref) {
+			peer_item = string_list_lookup(rm->peer_ref->name,
+						       &existing_refs);
+			if (peer_item)
+				hashcpy(rm->peer_ref->old_sha1,
+					peer_item->util);
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (tags == TAGS_DEFAULT && autotags)
@@ -584,6 +696,8 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 		free_refs(ref_map);
 		return 1;
 	}
+	if (prune)
+		prune_refs(transport, ref_map);
 	free_refs(ref_map);
 
 	/* if neither --no-tags nor --tags was specified, do automated tag
@@ -607,37 +721,107 @@ static void set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
 {
 	int r = transport_set_option(transport, name, value);
 	if (r < 0)
-		die("Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s\n",
+		die("Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s",
 			name, value, transport->url);
 	if (r > 0)
 		warning("Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n",
 			name, transport->url);
 }
 
-int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static int get_one_remote_for_fetch(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
+{
+	struct string_list *list = priv;
+	if (!remote->skip_default_update)
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct remote_group_data {
+	const char *name;
+	struct string_list *list;
+};
+
+static int get_remote_group(const char *key, const char *value, void *priv)
+{
+	struct remote_group_data *g = priv;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(key, "remotes.") &&
+			!strcmp(key + 8, g->name)) {
+		/* split list by white space */
+		int space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
+		while (*value) {
+			if (space > 1) {
+				string_list_append(xstrndup(value, space),
+						   g->list);
+			}
+			value += space + (value[space] != '\0');
+			space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_remote_or_group(const char *name, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int prev_nr = list->nr;
+	struct remote_group_data g = { name, list };
+
+	git_config(get_remote_group, &g);
+	if (list->nr == prev_nr) {
+		struct remote *remote;
+		if (!remote_is_configured(name))
+			return 0;
+		remote = remote_get(name);
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list);
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int fetch_multiple(struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int i, result = 0;
+	const char *argv[] = { "fetch", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
+	int argc = 1;
+
+	if (dry_run)
+		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
+	if (prune)
+		argv[argc++] = "--prune";
+	if (verbosity >= 2)
+		argv[argc++] = "-v";
+	if (verbosity >= 1)
+		argv[argc++] = "-v";
+	else if (verbosity < 0)
+		argv[argc++] = "-q";
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
+		const char *name = list->items[i].string;
+		argv[argc] = name;
+		if (verbosity >= 0)
+			printf("Fetching %s\n", name);
+		if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD)) {
+			error("Could not fetch %s", name);
+			result = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int fetch_one(struct remote *remote, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	struct remote *remote;
 	int i;
 	static const char **refs = NULL;
 	int ref_nr = 0;
 	int exit_code;
 
-	/* Record the command line for the reflog */
-	strbuf_addstr(&default_rla, "fetch");
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
-		strbuf_addf(&default_rla, " %s", argv[i]);
-
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv,
-			     builtin_fetch_options, builtin_fetch_usage, 0);
-
-	if (argc == 0)
-		remote = remote_get(NULL);
-	else
-		remote = remote_get(argv[0]);
+	if (!remote)
+		die("Where do you want to fetch from today?");
 
 	transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
 	if (verbosity >= 2)
-		transport->verbose = 1;
+		transport->verbose = verbosity <= 3 ? verbosity : 3;
 	if (verbosity < 0)
 		transport->verbose = -1;
 	if (upload_pack)
@@ -647,13 +831,10 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (depth)
 		set_option(TRANS_OPT_DEPTH, depth);
 
-	if (!transport->url)
-		die("Where do you want to fetch from today?");
-
-	if (argc > 1) {
+	if (argc > 0) {
 		int j = 0;
 		refs = xcalloc(argc + 1, sizeof(const char *));
-		for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 			if (!strcmp(argv[i], "tag")) {
 				char *ref;
 				i++;
@@ -672,7 +853,7 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		ref_nr = j;
 	}
 
-	signal(SIGINT, unlock_pack_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(unlock_pack_on_signal);
 	atexit(unlock_pack);
 	exit_code = do_fetch(transport,
 			parse_fetch_refspec(ref_nr, refs), ref_nr);
@@ -680,3 +861,57 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	transport = NULL;
 	return exit_code;
 }
+
+int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct string_list list = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct remote *remote;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	/* Record the command line for the reflog */
+	strbuf_addstr(&default_rla, "fetch");
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+		strbuf_addf(&default_rla, " %s", argv[i]);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
+			     builtin_fetch_options, builtin_fetch_usage, 0);
+
+	if (all) {
+		if (argc == 1)
+			die("fetch --all does not take a repository argument");
+		else if (argc > 1)
+			die("fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs");
+		(void) for_each_remote(get_one_remote_for_fetch, &list);
+		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
+	} else if (argc == 0) {
+		/* No arguments -- use default remote */
+		remote = remote_get(NULL);
+		result = fetch_one(remote, argc, argv);
+	} else if (multiple) {
+		/* All arguments are assumed to be remotes or groups */
+		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+			if (!add_remote_or_group(argv[i], &list))
+				die("No such remote or remote group: %s", argv[i]);
+		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
+	} else {
+		/* Single remote or group */
+		(void) add_remote_or_group(argv[0], &list);
+		if (list.nr > 1) {
+			/* More than one remote */
+			if (argc > 1)
+				die("Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense");
+			result = fetch_multiple(&list);
+		} else {
+			/* Zero or one remotes */
+			remote = remote_get(argv[0]);
+			result = fetch_one(remote, argc-1, argv+1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* All names were strdup()ed or strndup()ed */
+	list.strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+
+	return result;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c b/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c
index df18f4070..9d524000b 100644
--- a/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c
+++ b/builtin-fmt-merge-msg.c
@@ -256,8 +256,7 @@ static void shortlog(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
 
 int fmt_merge_msg(int merge_summary, struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out) {
 	int limit = 20, i = 0, pos = 0;
-	char line[1024];
-	char *p = line, *sep = "";
+	char *sep = "";
 	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 	const char *current_branch;
 
@@ -271,9 +270,8 @@ int fmt_merge_msg(int merge_summary, struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out) {
 	/* get a line */
 	while (pos < in->len) {
 		int len;
-		char *newline;
+		char *newline, *p = in->buf + pos;
 
-		p = in->buf + pos;
 		newline = strchr(p, '\n');
 		len = newline ? newline - p : strlen(p);
 		pos += len + !!newline;
@@ -353,7 +351,7 @@ int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "log",     &merge_summary, "populate log with the shortlog"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &merge_summary, "alias for --log"),
-		OPT_STRING('F', "file",   &inpath, "file", "file to read from"),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &inpath, "file to read from"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -362,19 +360,19 @@ int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int ret;
 
 	git_config(fmt_merge_msg_config, NULL);
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, fmt_merge_msg_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, fmt_merge_msg_usage,
+			     0);
 	if (argc > 0)
 		usage_with_options(fmt_merge_msg_usage, options);
 
 	if (inpath && strcmp(inpath, "-")) {
 		in = fopen(inpath, "r");
 		if (!in)
-			die("cannot open %s", inpath);
+			die_errno("cannot open '%s'", inpath);
 	}
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&input, fileno(in), 0) < 0)
-		die("could not read input file %s", strerror(errno));
-
+		die_errno("could not read input file");
 	ret = fmt_merge_msg(merge_summary, &input, &output);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
diff --git a/builtin-for-each-ref.c b/builtin-for-each-ref.c
index e46b7adc9..a5a83f146 100644
--- a/builtin-for-each-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-for-each-ref.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "remote.h"
 
 /* Quoting styles */
 #define QUOTE_NONE 0
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ static struct {
 	{ "subject" },
 	{ "body" },
 	{ "contents" },
+	{ "upstream" },
 };
 
 /*
@@ -337,8 +339,11 @@ static const char *copy_name(const char *buf)
 static const char *copy_email(const char *buf)
 {
 	const char *email = strchr(buf, '<');
-	const char *eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
-	if (!email || !eoemail)
+	const char *eoemail;
+	if (!email)
+		return "";
+	eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
+	if (!eoemail)
 		return "";
 	return xmemdupz(email, eoemail + 1 - email);
 }
@@ -544,109 +549,6 @@ static void grab_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, v
 }
 
 /*
- * generate a format suitable for scanf from a ref_rev_parse_rules
- * rule, that is replace the "%.*s" spec with a "%s" spec
- */
-static void gen_scanf_fmt(char *scanf_fmt, const char *rule)
-{
-	char *spec;
-
-	spec = strstr(rule, "%.*s");
-	if (!spec || strstr(spec + 4, "%.*s"))
-		die("invalid rule in ref_rev_parse_rules: %s", rule);
-
-	/* copy all until spec */
-	strncpy(scanf_fmt, rule, spec - rule);
-	scanf_fmt[spec - rule] = '\0';
-	/* copy new spec */
-	strcat(scanf_fmt, "%s");
-	/* copy remaining rule */
-	strcat(scanf_fmt, spec + 4);
-
-	return;
-}
-
-/*
- * Shorten the refname to an non-ambiguous form
- */
-static char *get_short_ref(struct refinfo *ref)
-{
-	int i;
-	static char **scanf_fmts;
-	static int nr_rules;
-	char *short_name;
-
-	/* pre generate scanf formats from ref_rev_parse_rules[] */
-	if (!nr_rules) {
-		size_t total_len = 0;
-
-		/* the rule list is NULL terminated, count them first */
-		for (; ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]; nr_rules++)
-			/* no +1 because strlen("%s") < strlen("%.*s") */
-			total_len += strlen(ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]);
-
-		scanf_fmts = xmalloc(nr_rules * sizeof(char *) + total_len);
-
-		total_len = 0;
-		for (i = 0; i < nr_rules; i++) {
-			scanf_fmts[i] = (char *)&scanf_fmts[nr_rules]
-					+ total_len;
-			gen_scanf_fmt(scanf_fmts[i], ref_rev_parse_rules[i]);
-			total_len += strlen(ref_rev_parse_rules[i]);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* bail out if there are no rules */
-	if (!nr_rules)
-		return ref->refname;
-
-	/* buffer for scanf result, at most ref->refname must fit */
-	short_name = xstrdup(ref->refname);
-
-	/* skip first rule, it will always match */
-	for (i = nr_rules - 1; i > 0 ; --i) {
-		int j;
-		int short_name_len;
-
-		if (1 != sscanf(ref->refname, scanf_fmts[i], short_name))
-			continue;
-
-		short_name_len = strlen(short_name);
-
-		/*
-		 * check if the short name resolves to a valid ref,
-		 * but use only rules prior to the matched one
-		 */
-		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
-			const char *rule = ref_rev_parse_rules[j];
-			unsigned char short_objectname[20];
-			char refname[PATH_MAX];
-
-			/*
-			 * the short name is ambiguous, if it resolves
-			 * (with this previous rule) to a valid ref
-			 * read_ref() returns 0 on success
-			 */
-			mksnpath(refname, sizeof(refname),
-				 rule, short_name_len, short_name);
-			if (!read_ref(refname, short_objectname))
-				break;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * short name is non-ambiguous if all previous rules
-		 * haven't resolved to a valid ref
-		 */
-		if (j == i)
-			return short_name;
-	}
-
-	free(short_name);
-	return ref->refname;
-}
-
-
-/*
  * Parse the object referred by ref, and grab needed value.
  */
 static void populate_value(struct refinfo *ref)
@@ -659,48 +561,74 @@ static void populate_value(struct refinfo *ref)
 
 	ref->value = xcalloc(sizeof(struct atom_value), used_atom_cnt);
 
-	buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
-	if (!buf)
-		die("missing object %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
-	if (!obj)
-		die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
-		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
-
 	/* Fill in specials first */
 	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 		const char *name = used_atom[i];
 		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
 		int deref = 0;
+		const char *refname;
+		const char *formatp;
+
 		if (*name == '*') {
 			deref = 1;
 			name++;
 		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(name, "refname")) {
-			const char *formatp = strchr(name, ':');
-			const char *refname = ref->refname;
-
-			/* look for "short" refname format */
-			if (formatp) {
-				formatp++;
-				if (!strcmp(formatp, "short"))
-					refname = get_short_ref(ref);
-				else
-					die("unknown refname format %s",
-					    formatp);
-			}
 
-			if (!deref)
-				v->s = refname;
-			else {
-				int len = strlen(refname);
-				char *s = xmalloc(len + 4);
-				sprintf(s, "%s^{}", refname);
-				v->s = s;
-			}
+		if (!prefixcmp(name, "refname"))
+			refname = ref->refname;
+		else if (!prefixcmp(name, "upstream")) {
+			struct branch *branch;
+			/* only local branches may have an upstream */
+			if (prefixcmp(ref->refname, "refs/heads/"))
+				continue;
+			branch = branch_get(ref->refname + 11);
+
+			if (!branch || !branch->merge || !branch->merge[0] ||
+			    !branch->merge[0]->dst)
+				continue;
+			refname = branch->merge[0]->dst;
+		}
+		else
+			continue;
+
+		formatp = strchr(name, ':');
+		/* look for "short" refname format */
+		if (formatp) {
+			formatp++;
+			if (!strcmp(formatp, "short"))
+				refname = shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname,
+						      warn_ambiguous_refs);
+			else
+				die("unknown %.*s format %s",
+				    (int)(formatp - name), name, formatp);
+		}
+
+		if (!deref)
+			v->s = refname;
+		else {
+			int len = strlen(refname);
+			char *s = xmalloc(len + 4);
+			sprintf(s, "%s^{}", refname);
+			v->s = s;
 		}
 	}
 
+	for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
+		struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
+		if (v->s == NULL)
+			goto need_obj;
+	}
+	return;
+
+ need_obj:
+	buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
+	if (!buf)
+		die("missing object %s for %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
+	if (!obj)
+		die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
+
 	grab_values(ref->value, 0, obj, buf, size);
 	if (!eaten)
 		free(buf);
@@ -943,7 +871,6 @@ static int opt_parse_sort(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 		return -1;
 
 	*sort_tail = s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
-	sort_tail = &s->next;
 
 	if (*arg == '-') {
 		s->reverse = 1;
@@ -986,7 +913,7 @@ int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
-	parse_options(argc, argv, opts, for_each_ref_usage, 0);
+	parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, for_each_ref_usage, 0);
 	if (maxcount < 0) {
 		error("invalid --count argument: `%d'", maxcount);
 		usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
@@ -1002,9 +929,12 @@ int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		sort = default_sort();
 	sort_atom_limit = used_atom_cnt;
 
+	/* for warn_ambiguous_refs */
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
 	memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
 	cbdata.grab_pattern = argv;
-	for_each_ref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
+	for_each_rawref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
 	refs = cbdata.grab_array;
 	num_refs = cbdata.grab_cnt;
 
diff --git a/builtin-fsck.c b/builtin-fsck.c
index d3f3de944..0929c7f24 100644
--- a/builtin-fsck.c
+++ b/builtin-fsck.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "fsck.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 #define REACHABLE 0x0001
 #define SEEN      0x0002
@@ -18,10 +19,11 @@ static int show_root;
 static int show_tags;
 static int show_unreachable;
 static int include_reflogs = 1;
-static int check_full;
+static int check_full = 1;
 static int check_strict;
 static int keep_cache_objects;
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+static const char *head_points_at;
 static int errors_found;
 static int write_lost_and_found;
 static int verbose;
@@ -45,6 +47,7 @@ static void objreport(struct object *obj, const char *severity,
 	fputs("\n", stderr);
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
 static int objerror(struct object *obj, const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@ static int objerror(struct object *obj, const char *err, ...)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static int fsck_error_func(struct object *obj, int type, const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
@@ -64,11 +68,11 @@ static int fsck_error_func(struct object *obj, int type, const char *err, ...)
 	return (type == FSCK_WARN) ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
+static struct object_array pending;
+
 static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 {
-	struct tree *tree = NULL;
 	struct object *parent = data;
-	int result;
 
 	if (!obj) {
 		printf("broken link from %7s %s\n",
@@ -96,6 +100,20 @@ static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 		return 1;
 	}
 
+	add_object_array(obj, (void *) parent, &pending);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mark_object_reachable(struct object *obj)
+{
+	mark_object(obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL);
+}
+
+static int traverse_one_object(struct object *obj, struct object *parent)
+{
+	int result;
+	struct tree *tree = NULL;
+
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 		obj->parsed = 0;
 		tree = (struct tree *)obj;
@@ -107,15 +125,22 @@ static int mark_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 		free(tree->buffer);
 		tree->buffer = NULL;
 	}
-	if (result < 0)
-		result = 1;
-
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void mark_object_reachable(struct object *obj)
+static int traverse_reachable(void)
 {
-	mark_object(obj, OBJ_ANY, 0);
+	int result = 0;
+	while (pending.nr) {
+		struct object_array_entry *entry;
+		struct object *obj, *parent;
+
+		entry = pending.objects + --pending.nr;
+		obj = entry->item;
+		parent = (struct object *) entry->name;
+		result |= traverse_one_object(obj, parent);
+	}
+	return !!result;
 }
 
 static int mark_used(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
@@ -137,7 +162,7 @@ static void check_reachable_object(struct object *obj)
 	 * do a full fsck
 	 */
 	if (!obj->parsed) {
-		if (has_sha1_pack(obj->sha1, NULL))
+		if (has_sha1_pack(obj->sha1))
 			return; /* it is in pack - forget about it */
 		printf("missing %s %s\n", typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 		errors_found |= ERROR_REACHABLE;
@@ -194,19 +219,23 @@ static void check_unreachable_object(struct object *obj)
 				return;
 			}
 			if (!(f = fopen(filename, "w")))
-				die("Could not open %s", filename);
+				die_errno("Could not open '%s'", filename);
 			if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 				enum object_type type;
 				unsigned long size;
 				char *buf = read_sha1_file(obj->sha1,
 						&type, &size);
 				if (buf) {
-					fwrite(buf, size, 1, f);
+					if (fwrite(buf, size, 1, f) != 1)
+						die_errno("Could not write '%s'",
+							  filename);
 					free(buf);
 				}
 			} else
 				fprintf(f, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-			fclose(f);
+			if (fclose(f))
+				die_errno("Could not finish '%s'",
+					  filename);
 		}
 		return;
 	}
@@ -233,6 +262,9 @@ static void check_connectivity(void)
 {
 	int i, max;
 
+	/* Traverse the pending reachable objects */
+	traverse_reachable();
+
 	/* Look up all the requirements, warn about missing objects.. */
 	max = get_max_object_index();
 	if (verbose)
@@ -262,7 +294,7 @@ static int fsck_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking %s %s\n",
 			typename(obj->type), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 
-	if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_used, 0))
+	if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_used, NULL))
 		objerror(obj, "broken links");
 	if (fsck_object(obj, check_strict, fsck_error_func))
 		return -1;
@@ -367,19 +399,12 @@ static void fsck_dir(int i, char *path)
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		char name[100];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		int len = strlen(de->d_name);
 
-		switch (len) {
-		case 2:
-			if (de->d_name[1] != '.')
-				break;
-		case 1:
-			if (de->d_name[0] != '.')
-				break;
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
-		case 38:
+		if (strlen(de->d_name) == 38) {
 			sprintf(name, "%02x", i);
-			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, len+1);
+			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, 39);
 			if (get_sha1_hex(name, sha1) < 0)
 				break;
 			add_sha1_list(sha1, DIRENT_SORT_HINT(de));
@@ -451,6 +476,8 @@ static int fsck_handle_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int f
 
 static void get_default_heads(void)
 {
+	if (head_points_at && !is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
+		fsck_handle_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	for_each_ref(fsck_handle_ref, NULL);
 	if (include_reflogs)
 		for_each_reflog(fsck_handle_reflog, NULL);
@@ -490,14 +517,13 @@ static void fsck_object_dir(const char *path)
 
 static int fsck_head_link(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int flag;
 	int null_is_error = 0;
-	const char *head_points_at = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, &flag);
 
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking HEAD link\n");
 
+	head_points_at = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, &flag);
 	if (!head_points_at)
 		return error("Invalid HEAD");
 	if (!strcmp(head_points_at, "HEAD"))
@@ -506,7 +532,7 @@ static int fsck_head_link(void)
 	else if (prefixcmp(head_points_at, "refs/heads/"))
 		return error("HEAD points to something strange (%s)",
 			     head_points_at);
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
+	if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1)) {
 		if (null_is_error)
 			return error("HEAD: detached HEAD points at nothing");
 		fprintf(stderr, "notice: HEAD points to an unborn branch (%s)\n",
@@ -552,7 +578,7 @@ static struct option fsck_opts[] = {
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, "report root nodes"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cache", &keep_cache_objects, "make index objects head nodes"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reflogs", &include_reflogs, "make reflogs head nodes (default)"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full", &check_full, "also consider alternate objects"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full", &check_full, "also consider packs and alternate objects"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "strict", &check_strict, "enable more strict checking"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "lost-found", &write_lost_and_found,
 				"write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"),
@@ -562,10 +588,12 @@ static struct option fsck_opts[] = {
 int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, heads;
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 
 	errors_found = 0;
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, fsck_opts, fsck_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, fsck_opts, fsck_usage, 0);
 	if (write_lost_and_found) {
 		check_full = 1;
 		include_reflogs = 0;
@@ -573,17 +601,19 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	fsck_head_link();
 	fsck_object_dir(get_object_directory());
+
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
+		int namelen = alt->name - alt->base;
+		memcpy(namebuf, alt->base, namelen);
+		namebuf[namelen - 1] = 0;
+		fsck_object_dir(namebuf);
+	}
+
 	if (check_full) {
-		struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 		struct packed_git *p;
-		prepare_alt_odb();
-		for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-			char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
-			int namelen = alt->name - alt->base;
-			memcpy(namebuf, alt->base, namelen);
-			namebuf[namelen - 1] = 0;
-			fsck_object_dir(namebuf);
-		}
+
 		prepare_packed_git();
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
 			/* verify gives error messages itself */
@@ -600,10 +630,11 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	heads = 0;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!get_sha1(arg, head_sha1)) {
-			struct object *obj = lookup_object(head_sha1);
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
+			struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
 
 			/* Error is printed by lookup_object(). */
 			if (!obj)
diff --git a/builtin-gc.c b/builtin-gc.c
index 781df601c..093517e39 100644
--- a/builtin-gc.c
+++ b/builtin-gc.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ static const char * const builtin_gc_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static int pack_refs = 1;
-static int aggressive_window = -1;
+static int aggressive_window = 250;
 static int gc_auto_threshold = 6700;
 static int gc_auto_pack_limit = 50;
 static const char *prune_expire = "2.weeks.ago";
@@ -144,34 +144,6 @@ static int too_many_packs(void)
 	return gc_auto_pack_limit <= cnt;
 }
 
-static int run_hook(void)
-{
-	const char *argv[2];
-	struct child_process hook;
-	int ret;
-
-	argv[0] = git_path("hooks/pre-auto-gc");
-	argv[1] = NULL;
-
-	if (access(argv[0], X_OK) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	memset(&hook, 0, sizeof(hook));
-	hook.argv = argv;
-	hook.no_stdin = 1;
-	hook.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-
-	ret = start_command(&hook);
-	if (ret) {
-		warning("Could not spawn %s", argv[0]);
-		return ret;
-	}
-	ret = finish_command(&hook);
-	if (ret == -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL)
-		warning("%s exited due to uncaught signal", argv[0]);
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static int need_to_gc(void)
 {
 	/*
@@ -188,25 +160,29 @@ static int need_to_gc(void)
 	 * there is no need.
 	 */
 	if (too_many_packs())
-		append_option(argv_repack, "-A", MAX_ADD);
+		append_option(argv_repack,
+			      prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now") ?
+			      "-a" : "-A",
+			      MAX_ADD);
 	else if (!too_many_loose_objects())
 		return 0;
 
-	if (run_hook())
+	if (run_hook(NULL, "pre-auto-gc", NULL))
 		return 0;
 	return 1;
 }
 
 int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int prune = 0;
 	int aggressive = 0;
 	int auto_gc = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
 	char buf[80];
 
 	struct option builtin_gc_options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "prune", &prune, "prune unreferenced objects (deprecated)"),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prune", &prune_expire, "date",
+			"prune unreferenced objects",
+			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)prune_expire },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "aggressive", &aggressive, "be more thorough (increased runtime)"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "auto", &auto_gc, "enable auto-gc mode"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet", &quiet, "suppress progress reports"),
@@ -218,12 +194,14 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (pack_refs < 0)
 		pack_refs = !is_bare_repository();
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_gc_options, builtin_gc_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_gc_options,
+			     builtin_gc_usage, 0);
 	if (argc > 0)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_gc_usage, builtin_gc_options);
 
 	if (aggressive) {
 		append_option(argv_repack, "-f", MAX_ADD);
+		append_option(argv_repack, "--depth=250", MAX_ADD);
 		if (aggressive_window > 0) {
 			sprintf(buf, "--window=%d", aggressive_window);
 			append_option(argv_repack, buf, MAX_ADD);
@@ -238,12 +216,18 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 */
 		if (!need_to_gc())
 			return 0;
-		fprintf(stderr, "Auto packing your repository for optimum "
-			"performance. You may also\n"
-			"run \"git gc\" manually. See "
-			"\"git help gc\" for more information.\n");
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.%s\n",
+			quiet
+			? ""
+			: (" You may also\n"
+			   "run \"git gc\" manually. See "
+			   "\"git help gc\" for more information."));
 	} else
-		append_option(argv_repack, "-A", MAX_ADD);
+		append_option(argv_repack,
+			      prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now")
+			      ? "-a" : "-A",
+			      MAX_ADD);
 
 	if (pack_refs && run_command_v_opt(argv_pack_refs, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_pack_refs[0]);
@@ -254,9 +238,11 @@ int cmd_gc(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_repack, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_repack[0]);
 
-	argv_prune[2] = prune_expire;
-	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_prune, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_prune[0]);
+	if (prune_expire) {
+		argv_prune[2] = prune_expire;
+		if (run_command_v_opt(argv_prune, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+			return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_prune[0]);
+	}
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_rerere, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_rerere[0]);
diff --git a/builtin-grep.c b/builtin-grep.c
index 624f86e28..c7d74fbb7 100644
--- a/builtin-grep.c
+++ b/builtin-grep.c
@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "userdiff.h"
 #include "grep.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 #ifndef NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
 #ifdef __unix__
@@ -20,26 +23,88 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
+static char const * const grep_usage[] = {
+	"git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] path...]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *opt = cb;
+
+	switch (userdiff_config(var, value)) {
+	case 0: break;
+	case -1: return -1;
+	default: return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep")) {
+		opt->color = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.external"))
+		return git_config_string(&(opt->color_external), var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.match")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		color_parse(value, var, opt->color_match);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if max_depth is negative or path has no more then max_depth
+ * slashes.
+ */
+static int accept_subdir(const char *path, int max_depth)
+{
+	if (max_depth < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	while ((path = strchr(path, '/')) != NULL) {
+		max_depth--;
+		if (max_depth < 0)
+			return 0;
+		path++;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if name is a subdirectory of match and is not too deep.
+ */
+static int is_subdir(const char *name, int namelen,
+		const char *match, int matchlen, int max_depth)
+{
+	if (matchlen > namelen || strncmp(name, match, matchlen))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (name[matchlen] == '\0') /* exact match */
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!matchlen || match[matchlen-1] == '/' || name[matchlen] == '/')
+		return accept_subdir(name + matchlen + 1, max_depth);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * git grep pathspecs are somewhat different from diff-tree pathspecs;
  * pathname wildcards are allowed.
  */
-static int pathspec_matches(const char **paths, const char *name)
+static int pathspec_matches(const char **paths, const char *name, int max_depth)
 {
 	int namelen, i;
 	if (!paths || !*paths)
-		return 1;
+		return accept_subdir(name, max_depth);
 	namelen = strlen(name);
 	for (i = 0; paths[i]; i++) {
 		const char *match = paths[i];
 		int matchlen = strlen(match);
 		const char *cp, *meta;
 
-		if (!matchlen ||
-		    ((matchlen <= namelen) &&
-		     !strncmp(name, match, matchlen) &&
-		     (match[matchlen-1] == '/' ||
-		      name[matchlen] == '\0' || name[matchlen] == '/')))
+		if (is_subdir(name, namelen, match, matchlen, max_depth))
 			return 1;
 		if (!fnmatch(match, name, 0))
 			return 1;
@@ -93,8 +158,8 @@ static int grep_sha1(struct grep_opt *opt, const unsigned char *sha1, const char
 	unsigned long size;
 	char *data;
 	enum object_type type;
-	char *to_free = NULL;
 	int hit;
+	struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 	if (!data) {
@@ -102,26 +167,13 @@ static int grep_sha1(struct grep_opt *opt, const unsigned char *sha1, const char
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (opt->relative && opt->prefix_length) {
-		static char name_buf[PATH_MAX];
-		char *cp;
-		int name_len = strlen(name) - opt->prefix_length + 1;
-
-		if (!tree_name_len)
-			name += opt->prefix_length;
-		else {
-			if (ARRAY_SIZE(name_buf) <= name_len)
-				cp = to_free = xmalloc(name_len);
-			else
-				cp = name_buf;
-			memcpy(cp, name, tree_name_len);
-			strcpy(cp + tree_name_len,
-			       name + tree_name_len + opt->prefix_length);
-			name = cp;
-		}
+		quote_path_relative(name + tree_name_len, -1, &pathbuf, opt->prefix);
+		strbuf_insert(&pathbuf, 0, name, tree_name_len);
+		name = pathbuf.buf;
 	}
 	hit = grep_buffer(opt, name, data, size);
+	strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
 	free(data);
-	free(to_free);
 	return hit;
 }
 
@@ -131,6 +183,7 @@ static int grep_file(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *filename)
 	int i;
 	char *data;
 	size_t sz;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (lstat(filename, &st) < 0) {
 	err_ret:
@@ -138,8 +191,6 @@ static int grep_file(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *filename)
 			error("'%s': %s", filename, strerror(errno));
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!st.st_size)
-		return 0; /* empty file -- no grep hit */
 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 		return 0;
 	sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
@@ -154,9 +205,11 @@ static int grep_file(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *filename)
 		return 0;
 	}
 	close(i);
+	data[sz] = 0;
 	if (opt->relative && opt->prefix_length)
-		filename += opt->prefix_length;
+		filename = quote_path_relative(filename, -1, &buf, opt->prefix);
 	i = grep_buffer(opt, filename, data, sz);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	free(data);
 	return i;
 }
@@ -253,6 +306,17 @@ static int flush_grep(struct grep_opt *opt,
 		argc -= 2;
 	}
 
+	if (opt->pre_context || opt->post_context) {
+		/*
+		 * grep handles hunk marks between files, but we need to
+		 * do that ourselves between multiple calls.
+		 */
+		if (opt->show_hunk_mark)
+			write_or_die(1, "--\n", 3);
+		else
+			opt->show_hunk_mark = 1;
+	}
+
 	status = exec_grep(argc, argv);
 
 	if (kept_0) {
@@ -267,6 +331,21 @@ static int flush_grep(struct grep_opt *opt,
 	return status;
 }
 
+static void grep_add_color(struct strbuf *sb, const char *escape_seq)
+{
+	size_t orig_len = sb->len;
+
+	while (*escape_seq) {
+		if (*escape_seq == 'm')
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ';');
+		else if (*escape_seq != '\033' && *escape_seq  != '[')
+			strbuf_addch(sb, *escape_seq);
+		escape_seq++;
+	}
+	if (sb->len > orig_len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == ';')
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len - 1);
+}
+
 static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 {
 	int i, nr, argc, hit, len, status;
@@ -287,8 +366,10 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		push_arg("-h");
 	if (opt->regflags & REG_EXTENDED)
 		push_arg("-E");
-	if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE)
+	if (opt->ignore_case)
 		push_arg("-i");
+	if (opt->binary == GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH)
+		push_arg("-I");
 	if (opt->word_regexp)
 		push_arg("-w");
 	if (opt->name_only)
@@ -335,6 +416,27 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		push_arg("-e");
 		push_arg(p->pattern);
 	}
+	if (opt->color) {
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		grep_add_color(&sb, opt->color_match);
+		setenv("GREP_COLOR", sb.buf, 1);
+
+		strbuf_reset(&sb);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, "mt=");
+		grep_add_color(&sb, opt->color_match);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, ":sl=:cx=:fn=:ln=:bn=:se=");
+		setenv("GREP_COLORS", sb.buf, 1);
+
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+
+		if (opt->color_external && strlen(opt->color_external) > 0)
+			push_arg(opt->color_external);
+	} else {
+		unsetenv("GREP_COLOR");
+		unsetenv("GREP_COLORS");
+	}
+	unsetenv("GREP_OPTIONS");
 
 	hit = 0;
 	argc = nr;
@@ -344,7 +446,7 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		int kept;
 		if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
-		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, ce->name))
+		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, ce->name, opt->max_depth))
 			continue;
 		name = ce->name;
 		if (name[0] == '-') {
@@ -377,7 +479,8 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 }
 #endif
 
-static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
+static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached,
+		      int external_grep_allowed)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
 	int nr;
@@ -389,10 +492,11 @@ static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 	 * we grep through the checked-out files. It tends to
 	 * be a lot more optimized
 	 */
-	if (!cached) {
+	if (!cached && external_grep_allowed) {
 		hit = external_grep(opt, paths, cached);
 		if (hit >= 0)
 			return hit;
+		hit = 0;
 	}
 #endif
 
@@ -400,9 +504,14 @@ static int grep_cache(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[nr];
 		if (!S_ISREG(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
-		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, ce->name))
+		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, ce->name, opt->max_depth))
 			continue;
-		if (cached) {
+		/*
+		 * If CE_VALID is on, we assume worktree file and its cache entry
+		 * are identical, even if worktree file has been modified, so use
+		 * cache version instead
+		 */
+		if (cached || (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)) {
 			if (ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, ce->sha1, ce->name, 0);
@@ -455,7 +564,7 @@ static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
 			strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
 
 		down = pathbuf.buf + tn_len;
-		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, down))
+		if (!pathspec_matches(paths, down, opt->max_depth))
 			;
 		else if (S_ISREG(entry.mode))
 			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, pathbuf.buf, tn_len);
@@ -500,32 +609,209 @@ static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
 	die("unable to grep from object of type %s", typename(obj->type));
 }
 
-static const char builtin_grep_usage[] =
-"git grep <option>* [-e] <pattern> <rev>* [[--] <path>...]";
+static int context_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			    int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	int value;
+	const char *endp;
+
+	if (unset) {
+		grep_opt->pre_context = grep_opt->post_context = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	value = strtol(arg, (char **)&endp, 10);
+	if (*endp) {
+		return error("switch `%c' expects a numerical value",
+			     opt->short_name);
+	}
+	grep_opt->pre_context = grep_opt->post_context = value;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int file_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	FILE *patterns;
+	int lno = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	patterns = fopen(arg, "r");
+	if (!patterns)
+		die_errno("cannot open '%s'", arg);
+	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, patterns, '\n') == 0) {
+		/* ignore empty line like grep does */
+		if (sb.len == 0)
+			continue;
+		append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL), arg,
+				    ++lno, GREP_PATTERN);
+	}
+	fclose(patterns);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int not_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, "--not", "command line", 0, GREP_NOT);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int and_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, "--and", "command line", 0, GREP_AND);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int open_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, "(", "command line", 0, GREP_OPEN_PAREN);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int close_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, ")", "command line", 0, GREP_CLOSE_PAREN);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int pattern_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			    int unset)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *grep_opt = opt->value;
+	append_grep_pattern(grep_opt, arg, "-e option", 0, GREP_PATTERN);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-static const char emsg_invalid_context_len[] =
-"%s: invalid context length argument";
-static const char emsg_missing_context_len[] =
-"missing context length argument";
-static const char emsg_missing_argument[] =
-"option requires an argument -%s";
+static int help_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
 
 int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
 	int cached = 0;
+	int external_grep_allowed = 1;
 	int seen_dashdash = 0;
 	struct grep_opt opt;
 	struct object_array list = { 0, 0, NULL };
 	const char **paths = NULL;
 	int i;
+	int dummy;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cached", &cached,
+			"search in index instead of in the work tree"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "invert-match", &opt.invert,
+			"show non-matching lines"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "ignore-case", &opt.ignore_case,
+			"case insensitive matching"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('w', "word-regexp", &opt.word_regexp,
+			"match patterns only at word boundaries"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('a', "text", &opt.binary,
+			"process binary files as text", GREP_BINARY_TEXT),
+		OPT_SET_INT('I', NULL, &opt.binary,
+			"don't match patterns in binary files",
+			GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH),
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "max-depth", &opt.max_depth, "depth",
+			"descend at most <depth> levels", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			NULL, 1 },
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BIT('E', "extended-regexp", &opt.regflags,
+			"use extended POSIX regular expressions", REG_EXTENDED),
+		OPT_NEGBIT('G', "basic-regexp", &opt.regflags,
+			"use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)",
+			REG_EXTENDED),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('F', "fixed-strings", &opt.fixed,
+			"interpret patterns as fixed strings"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &opt.linenum, "show line numbers"),
+		OPT_NEGBIT('h', NULL, &opt.pathname, "don't show filenames", 1),
+		OPT_BIT('H', NULL, &opt.pathname, "show filenames", 1),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "full-name", &opt.relative,
+			"show filenames relative to top directory", 1),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "files-with-matches", &opt.name_only,
+			"show only filenames instead of matching lines"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "name-only", &opt.name_only,
+			"synonym for --files-with-matches"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('L', "files-without-match",
+			&opt.unmatch_name_only,
+			"show only the names of files without match"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &opt.null_following_name,
+			"print NUL after filenames"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "count", &opt.count,
+			"show the number of matches instead of matching lines"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "color", &opt.color, "highlight matches", 1),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('C', NULL, &opt, "n",
+			"show <n> context lines before and after matches",
+			context_callback),
+		OPT_INTEGER('B', NULL, &opt.pre_context,
+			"show <n> context lines before matches"),
+		OPT_INTEGER('A', NULL, &opt.post_context,
+			"show <n> context lines after matches"),
+		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&opt, "shortcut for -C NUM",
+			context_callback),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "show-function", &opt.funcname,
+			"show a line with the function name before matches"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('f', NULL, &opt, "file",
+			"read patterns from file", file_callback),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'e', NULL, &opt, "pattern",
+			"match <pattern>", PARSE_OPT_NONEG, pattern_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "and", &opt, NULL,
+		  "combine patterns specified with -e",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, and_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "or", &dummy, ""),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "not", &opt, NULL, "",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, not_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, '(', NULL, &opt, NULL, "",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH,
+		  open_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, ')', NULL, &opt, NULL, "",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH,
+		  close_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all-match", &opt.all_match,
+			"show only matches from files that match all patterns"),
+		OPT_GROUP(""),
+#if NO_EXTERNAL_GREP
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ext-grep", &external_grep_allowed,
+			"allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"),
+#else
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ext-grep", &external_grep_allowed,
+			"allow calling of grep(1) (default)"),
+#endif
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", &options, NULL, "show usage",
+		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	/*
+	 * 'git grep -h', unlike 'git grep -h <pattern>', is a request
+	 * to show usage information and exit.
+	 */
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(grep_usage, options);
 
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
+	opt.prefix = prefix;
 	opt.prefix_length = (prefix && *prefix) ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 	opt.relative = 1;
 	opt.pathname = 1;
 	opt.pattern_tail = &opt.pattern_list;
 	opt.regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
+	opt.max_depth = -1;
+
+	strcpy(opt.color_match, GIT_COLOR_RED GIT_COLOR_BOLD);
+	opt.color = -1;
+	git_config(grep_config, &opt);
+	if (opt.color == -1)
+		opt.color = git_use_color_default;
 
 	/*
 	 * If there is no -- then the paths must exist in the working
@@ -537,221 +823,31 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * unrecognized non option is the beginning of the refs list
 	 * that continues up to the -- (if exists), and then paths.
 	 */
-
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		argc--; argv++;
-		if (!strcmp("--cached", arg)) {
-			cached = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-a", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--text", arg)) {
-			opt.binary = GREP_BINARY_TEXT;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-i", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--ignore-case", arg)) {
-			opt.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-I", arg)) {
-			opt.binary = GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-v", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--invert-match", arg)) {
-			opt.invert = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-E", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--extended-regexp", arg)) {
-			opt.regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-F", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--fixed-strings", arg)) {
-			opt.fixed = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-G", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--basic-regexp", arg)) {
-			opt.regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-n", arg)) {
-			opt.linenum = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-h", arg)) {
-			opt.pathname = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-H", arg)) {
-			opt.pathname = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-l", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--name-only", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--files-with-matches", arg)) {
-			opt.name_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-L", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--files-without-match", arg)) {
-			opt.unmatch_name_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-z", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--null", arg)) {
-			opt.null_following_name = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-c", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--count", arg)) {
-			opt.count = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-w", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--word-regexp", arg)) {
-			opt.word_regexp = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-A") ||
-		    !prefixcmp(arg, "-B") ||
-		    !prefixcmp(arg, "-C") ||
-		    (arg[0] == '-' && '1' <= arg[1] && arg[1] <= '9')) {
-			unsigned num;
-			const char *scan;
-			switch (arg[1]) {
-			case 'A': case 'B': case 'C':
-				if (!arg[2]) {
-					if (argc <= 1)
-						die(emsg_missing_context_len);
-					scan = *++argv;
-					argc--;
-				}
-				else
-					scan = arg + 2;
-				break;
-			default:
-				scan = arg + 1;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (strtoul_ui(scan, 10, &num))
-				die(emsg_invalid_context_len, scan);
-			switch (arg[1]) {
-			case 'A':
-				opt.post_context = num;
-				break;
-			default:
-			case 'C':
-				opt.post_context = num;
-			case 'B':
-				opt.pre_context = num;
-				break;
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-f", arg)) {
-			FILE *patterns;
-			int lno = 0;
-			char buf[1024];
-			if (argc <= 1)
-				die(emsg_missing_argument, arg);
-			patterns = fopen(argv[1], "r");
-			if (!patterns)
-				die("'%s': %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
-			while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), patterns)) {
-				int len = strlen(buf);
-				if (len && buf[len-1] == '\n')
-					buf[len-1] = 0;
-				/* ignore empty line like grep does */
-				if (!buf[0])
-					continue;
-				append_grep_pattern(&opt, xstrdup(buf),
-						    argv[1], ++lno,
-						    GREP_PATTERN);
-			}
-			fclose(patterns);
-			argv++;
-			argc--;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--not", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_NOT);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--and", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_AND);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--or", arg))
-			continue; /* no-op */
-		if (!strcmp("(", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_OPEN_PAREN);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(")", arg)) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_CLOSE_PAREN);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--all-match", arg)) {
-			opt.all_match = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-e", arg)) {
-			if (1 < argc) {
-				append_grep_pattern(&opt, argv[1],
-						    "-e option", 0,
-						    GREP_PATTERN);
-				argv++;
-				argc--;
-				continue;
-			}
-			die(emsg_missing_argument, arg);
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--full-name", arg)) {
-			opt.relative = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--", arg)) {
-			/* later processing wants to have this at argv[1] */
-			argv--;
-			argc++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (*arg == '-')
-			usage(builtin_grep_usage);
-
-		/* First unrecognized non-option token */
-		if (!opt.pattern_list) {
-			append_grep_pattern(&opt, arg, "command line", 0,
-					    GREP_PATTERN);
-			break;
-		}
-		else {
-			/* We are looking at the first path or rev;
-			 * it is found at argv[1] after leaving the
-			 * loop.
-			 */
-			argc++; argv--;
-			break;
-		}
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, grep_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
+			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION |
+			     PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
+
+	/* First unrecognized non-option token */
+	if (argc > 0 && !opt.pattern_list) {
+		append_grep_pattern(&opt, argv[0], "command line", 0,
+				    GREP_PATTERN);
+		argv++;
+		argc--;
 	}
 
+	if ((opt.color && !opt.color_external) || opt.funcname)
+		external_grep_allowed = 0;
 	if (!opt.pattern_list)
 		die("no pattern given.");
+	if (!opt.fixed && opt.ignore_case)
+		opt.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
 	if ((opt.regflags != REG_NEWLINE) && opt.fixed)
 		die("cannot mix --fixed-strings and regexp");
 	compile_grep_patterns(&opt);
 
 	/* Check revs and then paths */
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		/* Is it a rev? */
@@ -776,15 +872,8 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			verify_filename(prefix, argv[j]);
 	}
 
-	if (i < argc) {
+	if (i < argc)
 		paths = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + i);
-		if (opt.prefix_length && opt.relative) {
-			/* Make sure we do not get outside of paths */
-			for (i = 0; paths[i]; i++)
-				if (strncmp(prefix, paths[i], opt.prefix_length))
-					die("git grep: cannot generate relative filenames containing '..'");
-		}
-	}
 	else if (prefix) {
 		paths = xcalloc(2, sizeof(const char *));
 		paths[0] = prefix;
@@ -794,7 +883,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!list.nr) {
 		if (!cached)
 			setup_work_tree();
-		return !grep_cache(&opt, paths, cached);
+		return !grep_cache(&opt, paths, cached, external_grep_allowed);
 	}
 
 	if (cached)
diff --git a/builtin-help.c b/builtin-help.c
index f076efa92..09ad4b04f 100644
--- a/builtin-help.c
+++ b/builtin-help.c
@@ -80,10 +80,9 @@ static int check_emacsclient_version(void)
 	ec_process.argv = argv_ec;
 	ec_process.err = -1;
 	ec_process.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-	if (start_command(&ec_process)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to start emacsclient.\n");
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (start_command(&ec_process))
+		return error("Failed to start emacsclient.");
+
 	strbuf_read(&buffer, ec_process.err, 20);
 	close(ec_process.err);
 
@@ -94,27 +93,24 @@ static int check_emacsclient_version(void)
 	finish_command(&ec_process);
 
 	if (prefixcmp(buffer.buf, "emacsclient")) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to parse emacsclient version.\n");
 		strbuf_release(&buffer);
-		return -1;
+		return error("Failed to parse emacsclient version.");
 	}
 
 	strbuf_remove(&buffer, 0, strlen("emacsclient"));
 	version = atoi(buffer.buf);
 
 	if (version < 22) {
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22).\n",
-			version);
 		strbuf_release(&buffer);
-		return -1;
+		return error("emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22).",
+			version);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void exec_woman_emacs(const char* path, const char *page)
+static void exec_woman_emacs(const char *path, const char *page)
 {
 	if (!check_emacsclient_version()) {
 		/* This works only with emacsclient version >= 22. */
@@ -128,7 +124,7 @@ static void exec_woman_emacs(const char* path, const char *page)
 	}
 }
 
-static void exec_man_konqueror(const char* path, const char *page)
+static void exec_man_konqueror(const char *path, const char *page)
 {
 	const char *display = getenv("DISPLAY");
 	if (display && *display) {
@@ -156,7 +152,7 @@ static void exec_man_konqueror(const char* path, const char *page)
 	}
 }
 
-static void exec_man_man(const char* path, const char *page)
+static void exec_man_man(const char *path, const char *page)
 {
 	if (!path)
 		path = "man";
@@ -236,7 +232,7 @@ static int add_man_viewer_info(const char *var, const char *value)
 	const char *subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
 
 	if (!subkey)
-		return error("Config with no key for man viewer: %s", name);
+		return 0;
 
 	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".path")) {
 		if (!value)
@@ -249,7 +245,6 @@ static int add_man_viewer_info(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return add_man_viewer_cmd(name, subkey - name, value);
 	}
 
-	warning("'%s': unsupported man viewer sub key.", subkey);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -329,7 +324,7 @@ static void setup_man_path(void)
 	 * old_path, the ':' at the end will let 'man' to try
 	 * system-wide paths after ours to find the manual page. If
 	 * there is old_path, we need ':' as delimiter. */
-	strbuf_addstr(&new_path, GIT_MAN_PATH);
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_path, system_path(GIT_MAN_PATH));
 	strbuf_addch(&new_path, ':');
 	if (old_path)
 		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, old_path);
@@ -375,8 +370,9 @@ static void show_man_page(const char *git_cmd)
 static void show_info_page(const char *git_cmd)
 {
 	const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
-	setenv("INFOPATH", GIT_INFO_PATH, 1);
+	setenv("INFOPATH", system_path(GIT_INFO_PATH), 1);
 	execlp("info", "info", "gitman", page, NULL);
+	die("no info viewer handled the request");
 }
 
 static void get_html_page_path(struct strbuf *page_path, const char *page)
@@ -399,7 +395,7 @@ static void get_html_page_path(struct strbuf *page_path, const char *page)
  * HTML.
  */
 #ifndef open_html
-void open_html(const char *path)
+static void open_html(const char *path)
 {
 	execl_git_cmd("web--browse", "-c", "help.browser", path, NULL);
 }
@@ -421,10 +417,7 @@ int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	const char *alias;
 	load_command_list("git-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
 
-	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
-	git_config(git_help_config, NULL);
-
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_help_options,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_help_options,
 			builtin_help_usage, 0);
 
 	if (show_all) {
@@ -441,6 +434,9 @@ int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	git_config(git_help_config, NULL);
+
 	alias = alias_lookup(argv[0]);
 	if (alias && !is_git_command(argv[0])) {
 		printf("`git %s' is aliased to `%s'\n", argv[0], alias);
diff --git a/builtin-init-db.c b/builtin-init-db.c
index d30c3fe2c..dd84caecb 100644
--- a/builtin-init-db.c
+++ b/builtin-init-db.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ static void safe_create_dir(const char *dir, int share)
 		}
 	}
 	else if (share && adjust_shared_perm(dir))
-		die("Could not make %s writable by group\n", dir);
+		die("Could not make %s writable by group", dir);
 }
 
 static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
@@ -61,20 +62,20 @@ static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
 		memcpy(template + template_baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
 		if (lstat(path, &st_git)) {
 			if (errno != ENOENT)
-				die("cannot stat %s", path);
+				die_errno("cannot stat '%s'", path);
 		}
 		else
 			exists = 1;
 
 		if (lstat(template, &st_template))
-			die("cannot stat template %s", template);
+			die_errno("cannot stat template '%s'", template);
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
 			DIR *subdir = opendir(template);
 			int baselen_sub = baselen + namelen;
 			int template_baselen_sub = template_baselen + namelen;
 			if (!subdir)
-				die("cannot opendir %s", template);
+				die_errno("cannot opendir '%s'", template);
 			path[baselen_sub++] =
 				template[template_baselen_sub++] = '/';
 			path[baselen_sub] =
@@ -91,16 +92,17 @@ static void copy_templates_1(char *path, int baselen,
 			int len;
 			len = readlink(template, lnk, sizeof(lnk));
 			if (len < 0)
-				die("cannot readlink %s", template);
+				die_errno("cannot readlink '%s'", template);
 			if (sizeof(lnk) <= len)
 				die("insanely long symlink %s", template);
 			lnk[len] = 0;
 			if (symlink(lnk, path))
-				die("cannot symlink %s %s", lnk, path);
+				die_errno("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'", lnk, path);
 		}
 		else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
 			if (copy_file(path, template, st_template.st_mode))
-				die("cannot copy %s to %s", template, path);
+				die_errno("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'", template,
+					  path);
 		}
 		else
 			error("ignoring template %s", template);
@@ -122,16 +124,17 @@ static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
 		template_dir = system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR);
 	if (!template_dir[0])
 		return;
+	template_len = strlen(template_dir);
+	if (PATH_MAX <= (template_len+strlen("/config")))
+		die("insanely long template path %s", template_dir);
 	strcpy(template_path, template_dir);
-	template_len = strlen(template_path);
 	if (template_path[template_len-1] != '/') {
 		template_path[template_len++] = '/';
 		template_path[template_len] = 0;
 	}
 	dir = opendir(template_path);
 	if (!dir) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: templates not found %s\n",
-			template_dir);
+		warning("templates not found %s", template_dir);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -144,8 +147,8 @@ static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
 
 	if (repository_format_version &&
 	    repository_format_version != GIT_REPO_VERSION) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: not copying templates of "
-			"a wrong format version %d from '%s'\n",
+		warning("not copying templates of "
+			"a wrong format version %d from '%s'",
 			repository_format_version,
 			template_dir);
 		closedir(dir);
@@ -195,6 +198,8 @@ static int create_default_files(const char *template_path)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
+
+	/* reading existing config may have overwrote it */
 	if (init_shared_repository != -1)
 		shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
 
@@ -313,12 +318,15 @@ int init_db(const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 		 * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
 		 * PERM_EVERYBODY.
 		 */
-		if (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP)
+		if (shared_repository < 0)
+			/* force to the mode value */
+			sprintf(buf, "0%o", -shared_repository);
+		else if (shared_repository == PERM_GROUP)
 			sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
 		else if (shared_repository == PERM_EVERYBODY)
 			sprintf(buf, "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
 		else
-			sprintf(buf, "0%o", shared_repository);
+			die("oops");
 		git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
 		git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
 	}
@@ -344,7 +352,7 @@ static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
 	if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
 		return 1;
 	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)))
-		die("cannot tell cwd");
+		die_errno("cannot tell cwd");
 	if (!strcmp(git_dir, cwd))
 		return 1;
 	/*
@@ -363,8 +371,16 @@ static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static const char init_db_usage[] =
-"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]]";
+static int shared_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	*((int *) opt->value) = (arg) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg) : PERM_GROUP;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *const init_db_usage[] = {
+	"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 /*
  * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
@@ -377,27 +393,65 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	const char *git_dir;
 	const char *template_dir = NULL;
 	unsigned int flags = 0;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--template="))
-			template_dir = arg+11;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--bare")) {
-			static char git_dir[PATH_MAX+1];
-			is_bare_repository_cfg = 1;
-			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, getcwd(git_dir,
-						sizeof(git_dir)), 0);
-		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--shared"))
-			init_shared_repository = PERM_GROUP;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--shared="))
-			init_shared_repository = git_config_perm("arg", arg+9);
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "-q") || !strcmp(arg, "--quiet"))
-			flags |= INIT_DB_QUIET;
-		else
-			usage(init_db_usage);
+	const struct option init_db_options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, "template-directory",
+				"provide the directory from which templates will be used"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
+				"create a bare repository", 1),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
+			"permissions",
+			"specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users",
+			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
+		OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, "be quiet", INIT_DB_QUIET),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
+
+	if (argc == 1) {
+		int mkdir_tried = 0;
+	retry:
+		if (chdir(argv[0]) < 0) {
+			if (!mkdir_tried) {
+				int saved;
+				/*
+				 * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
+				 * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
+				 * but just in case we play safe.
+				 */
+				saved = shared_repository;
+				shared_repository = 0;
+				switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv[0])) {
+				case -3:
+					errno = EEXIST;
+					/* fallthru */
+				case -1:
+					die_errno("cannot mkdir %s", argv[0]);
+					break;
+				default:
+					break;
+				}
+				shared_repository = saved;
+				if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
+					die_errno("cannot mkdir %s", argv[0]);
+				mkdir_tried = 1;
+				goto retry;
+			}
+			die_errno("cannot chdir to %s", argv[0]);
+		}
+	} else if (0 < argc) {
+		usage(init_db_usage[0]);
+	}
+	if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) {
+		static char git_dir[PATH_MAX+1];
+
+		setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
+			getcwd(git_dir, sizeof(git_dir)), 0);
 	}
 
+	if (init_shared_repository != -1)
+		shared_repository = init_shared_repository;
+
 	/*
 	 * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
 	 * without --bare.  Catch the error early.
@@ -431,11 +485,11 @@ int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!git_work_tree_cfg) {
 			git_work_tree_cfg = xcalloc(PATH_MAX, 1);
 			if (!getcwd(git_work_tree_cfg, PATH_MAX))
-				die ("Cannot access current working directory.");
+				die_errno ("Cannot access current working directory");
 		}
 		if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
-			die ("Cannot access work tree '%s'",
-			     get_git_work_tree());
+			die_errno ("Cannot access work tree '%s'",
+				   get_git_work_tree());
 	}
 
 	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(git_dir));
diff --git a/builtin-log.c b/builtin-log.c
index b16471737..2cb292fa7 100644
--- a/builtin-log.c
+++ b/builtin-log.c
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 #include "patch-ids.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "shortlog.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 /* Set a default date-time format for git log ("log.date" config variable) */
 static const char *default_date_mode = NULL;
@@ -24,10 +27,15 @@ static int default_show_root = 1;
 static const char *fmt_patch_subject_prefix = "PATCH";
 static const char *fmt_pretty;
 
+static const char * const builtin_log_usage =
+	"git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+	"   or: git show [options] <object>...";
+
 static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 		      struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	int i;
+	int decoration_style = 0;
 
 	rev->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
 	rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
@@ -37,12 +45,22 @@ static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 	rev->show_root_diff = default_show_root;
 	rev->subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 
 	if (default_date_mode)
 		rev->date_mode = parse_date_format(default_date_mode);
 
+	/*
+	 * Check for -h before setup_revisions(), or "git log -h" will
+	 * fail when run without a git directory.
+	 */
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(builtin_log_usage);
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, rev, "HEAD");
 
+	if (!rev->show_notes_given && !rev->pretty_given)
+		rev->show_notes = 1;
+
 	if (rev->diffopt.pickaxe || rev->diffopt.filter)
 		rev->always_show_header = 0;
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES)) {
@@ -53,14 +71,26 @@ static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--decorate")) {
-			load_ref_decorations();
-			rev->show_decorations = 1;
+			decoration_style = DECORATE_SHORT_REFS;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--decorate=")) {
+			const char *v = skip_prefix(arg, "--decorate=");
+			if (!strcmp(v, "full"))
+				decoration_style = DECORATE_FULL_REFS;
+			else if (!strcmp(v, "short"))
+				decoration_style = DECORATE_SHORT_REFS;
+			else
+				die("invalid --decorate option: %s", arg);
 		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--source")) {
 			rev->show_source = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-h")) {
+			usage(builtin_log_usage);
 		} else
 			die("unrecognized argument: %s", arg);
 	}
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	if (decoration_style) {
+		rev->show_decorations = 1;
+		load_ref_decorations(decoration_style);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -91,7 +121,7 @@ static void show_early_header(struct rev_info *rev, const char *stage, int nr)
 	printf("Final output: %d %s\n", nr, stage);
 }
 
-struct itimerval early_output_timer;
+static struct itimerval early_output_timer;
 
 static void log_show_early(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit_list *list)
 {
@@ -249,22 +279,13 @@ int cmd_whatchanged(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 static void show_tagger(char *buf, int len, struct rev_info *rev)
 {
-	char *email_end, *p;
-	unsigned long date;
-	int tz;
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	email_end = memchr(buf, '>', len);
-	if (!email_end)
-		return;
-	p = ++email_end;
-	while (isspace(*p))
-		p++;
-	date = strtoul(p, &p, 10);
-	while (isspace(*p))
-		p++;
-	tz = (int)strtol(p, NULL, 10);
-	printf("Tagger: %.*s\nDate:   %s\n", (int)(email_end - buf), buf,
-	       show_date(date, tz, rev->date_mode));
+	pp_user_info("Tagger", rev->commit_format, &out, buf, rev->date_mode,
+		git_log_output_encoding ?
+		git_log_output_encoding: git_commit_encoding);
+	printf("%s", out.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
 static int show_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int show_tag_object,
@@ -335,22 +356,34 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		case OBJ_TAG: {
 			struct tag *t = (struct tag *)o;
 
+			if (rev.shown_one)
+				putchar('\n');
 			printf("%stag %s%s\n",
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT),
 					t->tag,
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
 			ret = show_object(o->sha1, 1, &rev);
-			objects[i].item = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
+			rev.shown_one = 1;
+			if (ret)
+				break;
+			o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
+			if (!o)
+				ret = error("Could not read object %s",
+					    sha1_to_hex(t->tagged->sha1));
+			objects[i].item = o;
 			i--;
 			break;
 		}
 		case OBJ_TREE:
+			if (rev.shown_one)
+				putchar('\n');
 			printf("%stree %s%s\n\n",
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT),
 					name,
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
 			read_tree_recursive((struct tree *)o, "", 0, 0, NULL,
 					show_tree_object, NULL);
+			rev.shown_one = 1;
 			break;
 		case OBJ_COMMIT:
 			rev.pending.nr = rev.pending.alloc = 0;
@@ -418,18 +451,13 @@ int cmd_log(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 }
 
 /* format-patch */
-#define FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX 64
-
-static int istitlechar(char c)
-{
-	return (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
-		(c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.' || c == '_';
-}
 
 static const char *fmt_patch_suffix = ".patch";
 static int numbered = 0;
 static int auto_number = 1;
 
+static char *default_attach = NULL;
+
 static char **extra_hdr;
 static int extra_hdr_nr;
 static int extra_hdr_alloc;
@@ -461,6 +489,11 @@ static void add_header(const char *value)
 	extra_hdr[extra_hdr_nr++] = xstrndup(value, len);
 }
 
+#define THREAD_SHALLOW 1
+#define THREAD_DEEP 2
+static int thread = 0;
+static int do_signoff = 0;
+
 static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "format.headers")) {
@@ -490,93 +523,60 @@ static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		auto_number = auto_number && numbered;
 		return 0;
 	}
-
-	return git_log_config(var, value, cb);
-}
-
-
-static const char *get_oneline_for_filename(struct commit *commit,
-					    int keep_subject)
-{
-	static char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	char *sol;
-	int len = 0;
-	int suffix_len = strlen(fmt_patch_suffix) + 1;
-
-	sol = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n");
-	if (!sol)
-		filename[0] = '\0';
-	else {
-		int j, space = 0;
-
-		sol += 2;
-		/* strip [PATCH] or [PATCH blabla] */
-		if (!keep_subject && !prefixcmp(sol, "[PATCH")) {
-			char *eos = strchr(sol + 6, ']');
-			if (eos) {
-				while (isspace(*eos))
-					eos++;
-				sol = eos;
-			}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.attach")) {
+		if (value && *value)
+			default_attach = xstrdup(value);
+		else
+			default_attach = xstrdup(git_version_string);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.thread")) {
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "deep")) {
+			thread = THREAD_DEEP;
+			return 0;
 		}
-
-		for (j = 0;
-		     j < FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len - 5 &&
-			     len < sizeof(filename) - suffix_len &&
-			     sol[j] && sol[j] != '\n';
-		     j++) {
-			if (istitlechar(sol[j])) {
-				if (space) {
-					filename[len++] = '-';
-					space = 0;
-				}
-				filename[len++] = sol[j];
-				if (sol[j] == '.')
-					while (sol[j + 1] == '.')
-						j++;
-			} else
-				space = 1;
+		if (value && !strcasecmp(value, "shallow")) {
+			thread = THREAD_SHALLOW;
+			return 0;
 		}
-		while (filename[len - 1] == '.'
-		       || filename[len - 1] == '-')
-			len--;
-		filename[len] = '\0';
+		thread = git_config_bool(var, value) && THREAD_SHALLOW;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "format.signoff")) {
+		do_signoff = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
 	}
-	return filename;
+
+	return git_log_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static FILE *realstdout = NULL;
 static const char *output_directory = NULL;
+static int outdir_offset;
 
-static int reopen_stdout(const char *oneline, int nr, int total)
+static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 {
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	int len = 0;
+	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int suffix_len = strlen(fmt_patch_suffix) + 1;
 
 	if (output_directory) {
-		len = snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s",
-				output_directory);
-		if (len >=
-		    sizeof(filename) - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len)
+		strbuf_addstr(&filename, output_directory);
+		if (filename.len >=
+		    PATH_MAX - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len)
 			return error("name of output directory is too long");
-		if (filename[len - 1] != '/')
-			filename[len++] = '/';
+		if (filename.buf[filename.len - 1] != '/')
+			strbuf_addch(&filename, '/');
 	}
 
-	if (!oneline)
-		len += sprintf(filename + len, "%d", nr);
-	else {
-		len += sprintf(filename + len, "%04d-", nr);
-		len += snprintf(filename + len, sizeof(filename) - len - 1
-				- suffix_len, "%s", oneline);
-		strcpy(filename + len, fmt_patch_suffix);
-	}
+	get_patch_filename(commit, rev->nr, fmt_patch_suffix, &filename);
+
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev->diffopt, QUIET))
+		fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
 
-	fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename);
-	if (freopen(filename, "w", stdout) == NULL)
-		return error("Cannot open patch file %s",filename);
+	if (freopen(filename.buf, "w", stdout) == NULL)
+		return error("Cannot open patch file %s", filename.buf);
 
+	strbuf_release(&filename);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -646,7 +646,6 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 			      int nr, struct commit **list, struct commit *head)
 {
 	const char *committer;
-	char *head_sha1;
 	const char *subject_start = NULL;
 	const char *body = "*** SUBJECT HERE ***\n\n*** BLURB HERE ***\n";
 	const char *msg;
@@ -654,23 +653,47 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 	struct shortlog log;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int i;
-	const char *encoding = "utf-8";
+	const char *encoding = "UTF-8";
 	struct diff_options opts;
 	int need_8bit_cte = 0;
+	struct commit *commit = NULL;
 
 	if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
 		die("Cover letter needs email format");
 
-	if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(numbered_files ?
-				NULL : "cover-letter", 0, rev->total))
+	committer = git_committer_info(0);
+
+	if (!numbered_files) {
+		/*
+		 * We fake a commit for the cover letter so we get the filename
+		 * desired.
+		 */
+		commit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*commit));
+		commit->buffer = xmalloc(400);
+		snprintf(commit->buffer, 400,
+			"tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n"
+			"parent %s\n"
+			"author %s\n"
+			"committer %s\n\n"
+			"cover letter\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1), committer, committer);
+	}
+
+	if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(commit, rev))
 		return;
 
-	head_sha1 = sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1);
+	if (commit) {
+
+		free(commit->buffer);
+		free(commit);
+	}
 
-	log_write_email_headers(rev, head_sha1, &subject_start, &extra_headers,
+	log_write_email_headers(rev, head, &subject_start, &extra_headers,
 				&need_8bit_cte);
 
-	committer = git_committer_info(0);
+	for (i = 0; !need_8bit_cte && i < nr; i++)
+		if (has_non_ascii(list[i]->buffer))
+			need_8bit_cte = 1;
 
 	msg = body;
 	pp_user_info(NULL, CMIT_FMT_EMAIL, &sb, committer, DATE_RFC2822,
@@ -734,19 +757,141 @@ static const char *clean_message_id(const char *msg_id)
 	return xmemdupz(a, z - a);
 }
 
+static const char *set_outdir(const char *prefix, const char *output_directory)
+{
+	if (output_directory && is_absolute_path(output_directory))
+		return output_directory;
+
+	if (!prefix || !*prefix) {
+		if (output_directory)
+			return output_directory;
+		/* The user did not explicitly ask for "./" */
+		outdir_offset = 2;
+		return "./";
+	}
+
+	outdir_offset = strlen(prefix);
+	if (!output_directory)
+		return prefix;
+
+	return xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, outdir_offset,
+				       output_directory));
+}
+
+static const char * const builtin_format_patch_usage[] = {
+	"git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int keep_subject = 0;
+
+static int keep_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	((struct rev_info *)opt->value)->total = -1;
+	keep_subject = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int subject_prefix = 0;
+
+static int subject_prefix_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			    int unset)
+{
+	subject_prefix = 1;
+	((struct rev_info *)opt->value)->subject_prefix = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int numbered_cmdline_opt = 0;
+
+static int numbered_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			     int unset)
+{
+	*(int *)opt->value = numbered_cmdline_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
+	if (unset)
+		auto_number =  0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int no_numbered_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+				int unset)
+{
+	return numbered_callback(opt, arg, 1);
+}
+
+static int output_directory_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			      int unset)
+{
+	const char **dir = (const char **)opt->value;
+	if (*dir)
+		die("Two output directories?");
+	*dir = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int thread_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	int *thread = (int *)opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		*thread = 0;
+	else if (!arg || !strcmp(arg, "shallow"))
+		*thread = THREAD_SHALLOW;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "deep"))
+		*thread = THREAD_DEEP;
+	else
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int attach_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct rev_info *rev = (struct rev_info *)opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		rev->mime_boundary = NULL;
+	else if (arg)
+		rev->mime_boundary = arg;
+	else
+		rev->mime_boundary = git_version_string;
+	rev->no_inline = unset ? 0 : 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int inline_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct rev_info *rev = (struct rev_info *)opt->value;
+	if (unset)
+		rev->mime_boundary = NULL;
+	else if (arg)
+		rev->mime_boundary = arg;
+	else
+		rev->mime_boundary = git_version_string;
+	rev->no_inline = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int header_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	add_header(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cc_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(extra_cc, extra_cc_nr + 1, extra_cc_alloc);
+	extra_cc[extra_cc_nr++] = xstrdup(arg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit **list = NULL;
 	struct rev_info rev;
-	int nr = 0, total, i, j;
+	int nr = 0, total, i;
 	int use_stdout = 0;
 	int start_number = -1;
-	int keep_subject = 0;
 	int numbered_files = 0;		/* _just_ numbers */
-	int subject_prefix = 0;
 	int ignore_if_in_upstream = 0;
-	int thread = 0;
 	int cover_letter = 0;
 	int boundary_count = 0;
 	int no_binary_diff = 0;
@@ -755,6 +900,61 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct patch_ids ids;
 	char *add_signoff = NULL;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int use_patch_format = 0;
+	const struct option builtin_format_patch_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', "numbered", &numbered, NULL,
+			    "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG, numbered_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'N', "no-numbered", &numbered, NULL,
+			    "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG, no_numbered_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &do_signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdout", &use_stdout,
+			    "print patches to standard out"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cover-letter", &cover_letter,
+			    "generate a cover letter"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numbered-files", &numbered_files,
+			    "use simple number sequence for output file names"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "suffix", &fmt_patch_suffix, "sfx",
+			    "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "start-number", &start_number,
+			    "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "subject-prefix", &rev, "prefix",
+			    "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, subject_prefix_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'o', "output-directory", &output_directory,
+			    "dir", "store resulting files in <dir>",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, output_directory_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'k', "keep-subject", &rev, NULL,
+			    "don't strip/add [PATCH]",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, keep_callback },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-binary", &no_binary_diff,
+			    "don't output binary diffs"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ignore-if-in-upstream", &ignore_if_in_upstream,
+			    "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 'p', "no-stat", &use_patch_format, NULL,
+		  "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG },
+		OPT_GROUP("Messaging"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "add-header", NULL, "header",
+			    "add email header", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			    header_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "cc", NULL, "email", "add Cc: header",
+			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, cc_callback },
+		OPT_STRING(0, "in-reply-to", &in_reply_to, "message-id",
+			    "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "attach", &rev, "boundary",
+			    "attach the patch", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG,
+			    attach_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "inline", &rev, "boundary",
+			    "inline the patch",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			    inline_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "thread", &thread, "style",
+			    "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, thread_callback },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	git_config(git_format_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
@@ -767,100 +967,30 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	rev.subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
 
+	if (default_attach) {
+		rev.mime_boundary = default_attach;
+		rev.no_inline = 1;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Parse the arguments before setup_revisions(), or something
 	 * like "git format-patch -o a123 HEAD^.." may fail; a123 is
 	 * possibly a valid SHA1.
 	 */
-	for (i = 1, j = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--stdout"))
-			use_stdout = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-n") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[i], "--numbered"))
-			numbered = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-N") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-numbered")) {
-			numbered = 0;
-			auto_number = 0;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--start-number="))
-			start_number = strtol(argv[i] + 15, NULL, 10);
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--numbered-files"))
-			numbered_files = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--start-number")) {
-			i++;
-			if (i == argc)
-				die("Need a number for --start-number");
-			start_number = strtol(argv[i], NULL, 10);
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--cc=")) {
-			ALLOC_GROW(extra_cc, extra_cc_nr + 1, extra_cc_alloc);
-			extra_cc[extra_cc_nr++] = xstrdup(argv[i] + 5);
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-k") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[i], "--keep-subject")) {
-			keep_subject = 1;
-			rev.total = -1;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--output-directory") ||
-			 !strcmp(argv[i], "-o")) {
-			i++;
-			if (argc <= i)
-				die("Which directory?");
-			if (output_directory)
-				die("Two output directories?");
-			output_directory = argv[i];
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--signoff") ||
-			 !strcmp(argv[i], "-s")) {
-			const char *committer;
-			const char *endpos;
-			committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
-			endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
-			if (!endpos)
-				die("bogus committer info %s\n", committer);
-			add_signoff = xmemdupz(committer, endpos - committer + 1);
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--attach")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = git_version_string;
-			rev.no_inline = 1;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--attach=")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = argv[i] + 9;
-			rev.no_inline = 1;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--inline")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = git_version_string;
-			rev.no_inline = 0;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--inline=")) {
-			rev.mime_boundary = argv[i] + 9;
-			rev.no_inline = 0;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--ignore-if-in-upstream"))
-			ignore_if_in_upstream = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--thread"))
-			thread = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--in-reply-to="))
-			in_reply_to = argv[i] + 14;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--in-reply-to")) {
-			i++;
-			if (i == argc)
-				die("Need a Message-Id for --in-reply-to");
-			in_reply_to = argv[i];
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--subject-prefix=")) {
-			subject_prefix = 1;
-			rev.subject_prefix = argv[i] + 17;
-		} else if (!prefixcmp(argv[i], "--suffix="))
-			fmt_patch_suffix = argv[i] + 9;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--cover-letter"))
-			cover_letter = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-binary"))
-			no_binary_diff = 1;
-		else
-			argv[j++] = argv[i];
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_format_patch_options,
+			     builtin_format_patch_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+
+	if (do_signoff) {
+		const char *committer;
+		const char *endpos;
+		committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+		endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
+		if (!endpos)
+			die("bogus committer info %s", committer);
+		add_signoff = xmemdupz(committer, endpos - committer + 1);
 	}
-	argc = j;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < extra_hdr_nr; i++) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, extra_hdr[i]);
@@ -889,37 +1019,55 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
 	}
 
-	rev.extra_headers = strbuf_detach(&buf, 0);
+	rev.extra_headers = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 	if (start_number < 0)
 		start_number = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If numbered is set solely due to format.numbered in config,
+	 * and it would conflict with --keep-subject (-k) from the
+	 * command line, reset "numbered".
+	 */
+	if (numbered && keep_subject && !numbered_cmdline_opt)
+		numbered = 0;
+
 	if (numbered && keep_subject)
 		die ("-n and -k are mutually exclusive.");
 	if (keep_subject && subject_prefix)
 		die ("--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive.");
-	if (numbered_files && use_stdout)
-		die ("--numbered-files and --stdout are mutually exclusive.");
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, "HEAD");
 	if (argc > 1)
 		die ("unrecognized argument: %s", argv[1]);
 
-	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format
-		|| rev.diffopt.output_format == DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH)
-		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
+	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME)
+		die("--name-only does not make sense");
+	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)
+		die("--name-status does not make sense");
+	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF)
+		die("--check does not make sense");
+
+	if (!use_patch_format &&
+		(!rev.diffopt.output_format ||
+		 rev.diffopt.output_format == DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH))
+		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
+
+	/* Always generate a patch */
+	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 
 	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, TEXT) && !no_binary_diff)
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, BINARY);
 
-	if (!output_directory && !use_stdout)
-		output_directory = prefix;
+	if (!use_stdout)
+		output_directory = set_outdir(prefix, output_directory);
 
 	if (output_directory) {
 		if (use_stdout)
 			die("standard output, or directory, which one?");
 		if (mkdir(output_directory, 0777) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
-			die("Could not create directory %s",
-			    output_directory);
+			die_errno("Could not create directory '%s'",
+				  output_directory);
 	}
 
 	if (rev.pending.nr == 1) {
@@ -938,6 +1086,13 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * get_revision() to do the usual traversal.
 		 */
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We cannot move this anywhere earlier because we do want to
+	 * know if --root was given explicitly from the comand line.
+	 */
+	rev.show_root_diff = 1;
+
 	if (cover_letter) {
 		/* remember the range */
 		int i;
@@ -984,8 +1139,14 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		numbered = 1;
 	if (numbered)
 		rev.total = total + start_number - 1;
-	if (in_reply_to)
-		rev.ref_message_id = clean_message_id(in_reply_to);
+	if (in_reply_to || thread || cover_letter)
+		rev.ref_message_ids = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
+	if (in_reply_to) {
+		const char *msgid = clean_message_id(in_reply_to);
+		string_list_append(msgid, rev.ref_message_ids);
+	}
+	rev.numbered_files = numbered_files;
+	rev.patch_suffix = fmt_patch_suffix;
 	if (cover_letter) {
 		if (thread)
 			gen_message_id(&rev, "cover");
@@ -1004,21 +1165,39 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			/* Have we already had a message ID? */
 			if (rev.message_id) {
 				/*
-				 * If we've got the ID to be a reply
-				 * to, discard the current ID;
-				 * otherwise, make everything a reply
-				 * to that.
+				 * For deep threading: make every mail
+				 * a reply to the previous one, no
+				 * matter what other options are set.
+				 *
+				 * For shallow threading:
+				 *
+				 * Without --cover-letter and
+				 * --in-reply-to, make every mail a
+				 * reply to the one before.
+				 *
+				 * With --in-reply-to but no
+				 * --cover-letter, make every mail a
+				 * reply to the <reply-to>.
+				 *
+				 * With --cover-letter, make every
+				 * mail but the cover letter a reply
+				 * to the cover letter.  The cover
+				 * letter is a reply to the
+				 * --in-reply-to, if specified.
 				 */
-				if (rev.ref_message_id)
+				if (thread == THREAD_SHALLOW
+				    && rev.ref_message_ids->nr > 0
+				    && (!cover_letter || rev.nr > 1))
 					free(rev.message_id);
 				else
-					rev.ref_message_id = rev.message_id;
+					string_list_append(rev.message_id,
+							   rev.ref_message_ids);
 			}
 			gen_message_id(&rev, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 		}
-		if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(numbered_files ? NULL :
-				get_oneline_for_filename(commit, keep_subject),
-				rev.nr, rev.total))
+
+		if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(numbered_files ? NULL : commit,
+						 &rev))
 			die("Failed to create output files");
 		shown = log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
 		free(commit->buffer);
@@ -1064,13 +1243,14 @@ static int add_pending_commit(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs, int flags)
 }
 
 static const char cherry_usage[] =
-"git cherry [-v] <upstream> [<head>] [<limit>]";
+"git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]";
 int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	struct patch_ids ids;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+	struct branch *current_branch;
 	const char *upstream;
 	const char *head = "HEAD";
 	const char *limit = NULL;
@@ -1082,6 +1262,9 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		argv++;
 	}
 
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(cherry_usage);
+
 	switch (argc) {
 	case 4:
 		limit = argv[3];
@@ -1093,7 +1276,17 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		upstream = argv[1];
 		break;
 	default:
-		usage(cherry_usage);
+		current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
+		if (!current_branch || !current_branch->merge
+					|| !current_branch->merge[0]
+					|| !current_branch->merge[0]->dst) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Could not find a tracked"
+					" remote branch, please"
+					" specify <upstream> manually.\n");
+			usage(cherry_usage);
+		}
+
+		upstream = current_branch->merge[0]->dst;
 	}
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
@@ -1139,8 +1332,9 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (verbose) {
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 			pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
-			                    &buf, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+					    &buf, &ctx);
 			printf("%c %s %s\n", sign,
 			       sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), buf.buf);
 			strbuf_release(&buf);
diff --git a/builtin-ls-files.c b/builtin-ls-files.c
index f72eb8547..c9a03e542 100644
--- a/builtin-ls-files.c
+++ b/builtin-ls-files.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 static int abbrev;
 static int show_deleted;
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ static const char **pathspec;
 static int error_unmatch;
 static char *ps_matched;
 static const char *with_tree;
+static int exc_given;
 
 static const char *tag_cached = "";
 static const char *tag_unmerged = "";
@@ -36,42 +38,6 @@ static const char *tag_other = "";
 static const char *tag_killed = "";
 static const char *tag_modified = "";
 
-
-/*
- * Match a pathspec against a filename. The first "skiplen" characters
- * are the common prefix
- */
-int pathspec_match(const char **spec, char *ps_matched,
-		   const char *filename, int skiplen)
-{
-	const char *m;
-
-	while ((m = *spec++) != NULL) {
-		int matchlen = strlen(m + skiplen);
-
-		if (!matchlen)
-			goto matched;
-		if (!strncmp(m + skiplen, filename + skiplen, matchlen)) {
-			if (m[skiplen + matchlen - 1] == '/')
-				goto matched;
-			switch (filename[skiplen + matchlen]) {
-			case '/': case '\0':
-				goto matched;
-			}
-		}
-		if (!fnmatch(m + skiplen, filename + skiplen, 0))
-			goto matched;
-		if (ps_matched)
-			ps_matched++;
-		continue;
-	matched:
-		if (ps_matched)
-			*ps_matched = 1;
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static void show_dir_entry(const char *tag, struct dir_entry *ent)
 {
 	int len = prefix_len;
@@ -80,7 +46,7 @@ static void show_dir_entry(const char *tag, struct dir_entry *ent)
 	if (len >= ent->len)
 		die("git ls-files: internal error - directory entry not superset of prefix");
 
-	if (pathspec && !pathspec_match(pathspec, ps_matched, ent->name, len))
+	if (!match_pathspec(pathspec, ent->name, ent->len, len, ps_matched))
 		return;
 
 	fputs(tag, stdout);
@@ -156,7 +122,7 @@ static void show_ce_entry(const char *tag, struct cache_entry *ce)
 	if (len >= ce_namelen(ce))
 		die("git ls-files: internal error - cache entry not superset of prefix");
 
-	if (pathspec && !pathspec_match(pathspec, ps_matched, ce->name, len))
+	if (!match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), len, ps_matched))
 		return;
 
 	if (tag && *tag && show_valid_bit &&
@@ -195,12 +161,7 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 
 	/* For cached/deleted files we don't need to even do the readdir */
 	if (show_others || show_killed) {
-		const char *path = ".", *base = "";
-		int baselen = prefix_len;
-
-		if (baselen)
-			path = base = prefix;
-		read_directory(dir, path, base, baselen, pathspec);
+		fill_directory(dir, pathspec);
 		if (show_others)
 			show_other_files(dir);
 		if (show_killed)
@@ -210,7 +171,8 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 			int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-			if (excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype) != dir->show_ignored)
+			if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED &&
+			    !excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype))
 				continue;
 			if (show_unmerged && !ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
@@ -225,7 +187,8 @@ static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *prefix)
 			struct stat st;
 			int err;
 			int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-			if (excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype) != dir->show_ignored)
+			if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED &&
+			    !excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype))
 				continue;
 			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 				continue;
@@ -298,6 +261,21 @@ static const char *verify_pathspec(const char *prefix)
 	return max ? xmemdupz(prev, max) : NULL;
 }
 
+static void strip_trailing_slash_from_submodules(void)
+{
+	const char **p;
+
+	for (p = pathspec; *p != NULL; p++) {
+		int len = strlen(*p), pos;
+
+		if (len < 1 || (*p)[len - 1] != '/')
+			continue;
+		pos = cache_name_pos(*p, len - 1);
+		if (pos >= 0 && S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[pos]->ce_mode))
+			*p = xstrndup(*p, len - 1);
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * Read the tree specified with --with-tree option
  * (typically, HEAD) into stage #1 and then
@@ -395,156 +373,144 @@ int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const char **pathspec, int prefix_
 	return errors;
 }
 
-static const char ls_files_usage[] =
-	"git ls-files [-z] [-t] [-v] (--[cached|deleted|others|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])* "
-	"[ --ignored ] [--exclude=<pattern>] [--exclude-from=<file>] "
-	"[ --exclude-per-directory=<filename> ] [--exclude-standard] "
-	"[--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>]*";
+static const char * const ls_files_usage[] = {
+	"git ls-files [options] [<file>]*",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int option_parse_z(const struct option *opt,
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	line_terminator = unset ? '\n' : '\0';
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
+				const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct exclude_list *list = opt->value;
+
+	exc_given = 1;
+	add_exclude(arg, "", 0, list);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_exclude_from(const struct option *opt,
+				     const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct dir_struct *dir = opt->value;
+
+	exc_given = 1;
+	add_excludes_from_file(dir, arg);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_exclude_standard(const struct option *opt,
+					 const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct dir_struct *dir = opt->value;
+
+	exc_given = 1;
+	setup_standard_excludes(dir);
+
+	return 0;
+}
 
 int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
-	int exc_given = 0, require_work_tree = 0;
+	int require_work_tree = 0, show_tag = 0;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
+	struct option builtin_ls_files_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
+			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('t', NULL, &show_tag,
+			"identify the file status with tags"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', NULL, &show_valid_bit,
+			"use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "cached", &show_cached,
+			"show cached files in the output (default)"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "deleted", &show_deleted,
+			"show deleted files in the output"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "modified", &show_modified,
+			"show modified files in the output"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "others", &show_others,
+			"show other files in the output"),
+		OPT_BIT('i', "ignored", &dir.flags,
+			"show ignored files in the output",
+			DIR_SHOW_IGNORED),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "stage", &show_stage,
+			"show staged contents' object name in the output"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "killed", &show_killed,
+			"show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "directory", &dir.flags,
+			"show 'other' directories' name only",
+			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "empty-directory", &dir.flags,
+			"don't show empty directories",
+			DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "unmerged", &show_unmerged,
+			"show unmerged files in the output"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'x', "exclude", &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL], "pattern",
+			"skip files matching pattern",
+			0, option_parse_exclude },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'X', "exclude-from", &dir, "file",
+			"exclude patterns are read from <file>",
+			0, option_parse_exclude_from },
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exclude-per-directory", &dir.exclude_per_dir, "file",
+			"read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-standard", &dir, NULL,
+			"add the standard git exclusions",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_exclude_standard },
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "full-name", &prefix_offset, NULL,
+			"make the output relative to the project top directory",
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "error-unmatch", &error_unmatch,
+			"if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "with-tree", &with_tree, "tree-ish",
+			"pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"),
+		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
 	if (prefix)
 		prefix_offset = strlen(prefix);
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			i++;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-z")) {
-			line_terminator = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-t") || !strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-			tag_cached = "H ";
-			tag_unmerged = "M ";
-			tag_removed = "R ";
-			tag_modified = "C ";
-			tag_other = "? ";
-			tag_killed = "K ";
-			if (arg[1] == 'v')
-				show_valid_bit = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-c") || !strcmp(arg, "--cached")) {
-			show_cached = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-d") || !strcmp(arg, "--deleted")) {
-			show_deleted = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-m") || !strcmp(arg, "--modified")) {
-			show_modified = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-o") || !strcmp(arg, "--others")) {
-			show_others = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-i") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignored")) {
-			dir.show_ignored = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-s") || !strcmp(arg, "--stage")) {
-			show_stage = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-k") || !strcmp(arg, "--killed")) {
-			show_killed = 1;
-			require_work_tree = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--directory")) {
-			dir.show_other_directories = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-empty-directory")) {
-			dir.hide_empty_directories = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-u") || !strcmp(arg, "--unmerged")) {
-			/* There's no point in showing unmerged unless
-			 * you also show the stage information.
-			 */
-			show_stage = 1;
-			show_unmerged = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-x") && i+1 < argc) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_exclude(argv[++i], "", 0, &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL]);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude=")) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_exclude(arg+10, "", 0, &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL]);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-X") && i+1 < argc) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_excludes_from_file(&dir, argv[++i]);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude-from=")) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			add_excludes_from_file(&dir, arg+15);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude-per-directory=")) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			dir.exclude_per_dir = arg + 24;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--exclude-standard")) {
-			exc_given = 1;
-			setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--full-name")) {
-			prefix_offset = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--error-unmatch")) {
-			error_unmatch = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--with-tree=")) {
-			with_tree = arg + 12;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev=")) {
-			abbrev = strtoul(arg+9, NULL, 10);
-			if (abbrev && abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
-				abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-			else if (abbrev > 40)
-				abbrev = 40;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--abbrev")) {
-			abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (*arg == '-')
-			usage(ls_files_usage);
-		break;
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_ls_files_options,
+			ls_files_usage, 0);
+	if (show_tag || show_valid_bit) {
+		tag_cached = "H ";
+		tag_unmerged = "M ";
+		tag_removed = "R ";
+		tag_modified = "C ";
+		tag_other = "? ";
+		tag_killed = "K ";
 	}
+	if (show_modified || show_others || show_deleted || (dir.flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) || show_killed)
+		require_work_tree = 1;
+	if (show_unmerged)
+		/*
+		 * There's no point in showing unmerged unless
+		 * you also show the stage information.
+		 */
+		show_stage = 1;
+	if (dir.exclude_per_dir)
+		exc_given = 1;
 
 	if (require_work_tree && !is_inside_work_tree())
 		setup_work_tree();
 
-	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + i);
+	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
+
+	/* be nice with submodule paths ending in a slash */
+	read_cache();
+	if (pathspec)
+		strip_trailing_slash_from_submodules();
 
 	/* Verify that the pathspec matches the prefix */
 	if (pathspec)
@@ -558,18 +524,14 @@ int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		ps_matched = xcalloc(1, num);
 	}
 
-	if (dir.show_ignored && !exc_given) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s: --ignored needs some exclude pattern\n",
-			argv[0]);
-		exit(1);
-	}
+	if ((dir.flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) && !exc_given)
+		die("ls-files --ignored needs some exclude pattern");
 
 	/* With no flags, we default to showing the cached files */
 	if (!(show_stage | show_deleted | show_others | show_unmerged |
 	      show_killed | show_modified))
 		show_cached = 1;
 
-	read_cache();
 	if (prefix)
 		prune_cache(prefix);
 	if (with_tree) {
diff --git a/builtin-ls-remote.c b/builtin-ls-remote.c
index 78a88f747..b5bad0c18 100644
--- a/builtin-ls-remote.c
+++ b/builtin-ls-remote.c
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ int cmd_ls_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			pattern[j - i] = p;
 		}
 	}
-	remote = nongit ? NULL : remote_get(dest);
-	if (remote && !remote->url_nr)
+	remote = remote_get(dest);
+	if (!remote->url_nr)
 		die("remote %s has no configured URL", dest);
-	transport = transport_get(remote, remote ? remote->url[0] : dest);
+	transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
 	if (uploadpack != NULL)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK, uploadpack);
 
diff --git a/builtin-ls-tree.c b/builtin-ls-tree.c
index cb6171768..4484185af 100644
--- a/builtin-ls-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-ls-tree.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 static int line_termination = '\n';
 #define LS_RECURSIVE 1
@@ -22,8 +23,10 @@ static const char **pathspec;
 static int chomp_prefix;
 static const char *ls_tree_prefix;
 
-static const char ls_tree_usage[] =
-	"git ls-tree [-d] [-r] [-t] [-l] [-z] [--name-only] [--name-status] [--full-name] [--abbrev[=<n>]] <tree-ish> [path...]";
+static const  char * const ls_tree_usage[] = {
+	"git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [path...]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 static int show_recursive(const char *base, int baselen, const char *pathname)
 {
@@ -60,7 +63,6 @@ static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
 {
 	int retval = 0;
 	const char *type = blob_type;
-	unsigned long size;
 
 	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 		/*
@@ -68,13 +70,8 @@ static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
 		 *
 		 * Something similar to this incomplete example:
 		 *
-		if (show_subprojects(base, baselen, pathname)) {
-			struct child_process ls_tree;
-
-			ls_tree.dir = base;
-			ls_tree.argv = ls-tree;
-			start_command(&ls_tree);
-		}
+		if (show_subprojects(base, baselen, pathname))
+			retval = READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
 		 *
 		 */
 		type = commit_type;
@@ -95,17 +92,20 @@ static int show_tree(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen,
 
 	if (!(ls_options & LS_NAME_ONLY)) {
 		if (ls_options & LS_SHOW_SIZE) {
+			char size_text[24];
 			if (!strcmp(type, blob_type)) {
-				sha1_object_info(sha1, &size);
-				printf("%06o %s %s %7lu\t", mode, type,
-				       abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev)
-				              : sha1_to_hex(sha1),
-				       size);
+				unsigned long size;
+				if (sha1_object_info(sha1, &size) == OBJ_BAD)
+					strcpy(size_text, "BAD");
+				else
+					snprintf(size_text, sizeof(size_text),
+						 "%lu", size);
 			} else
-				printf("%06o %s %s %7c\t", mode, type,
-				       abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev)
-				              : sha1_to_hex(sha1),
-				       '-');
+				strcpy(size_text, "-");
+			printf("%06o %s %s %7s\t", mode, type,
+			       abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev)
+				      : sha1_to_hex(sha1),
+			       size_text);
 		} else
 			printf("%06o %s %s\t", mode, type,
 			       abbrev ? find_unique_abbrev(sha1, abbrev)
@@ -120,71 +120,53 @@ int cmd_ls_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct tree *tree;
+	int full_tree = 0;
+	const struct option ls_tree_options[] = {
+		OPT_BIT('d', NULL, &ls_options, "only show trees",
+			LS_TREE_ONLY),
+		OPT_BIT('r', NULL, &ls_options, "recurse into subtrees",
+			LS_RECURSIVE),
+		OPT_BIT('t', NULL, &ls_options, "show trees when recursing",
+			LS_SHOW_TREES),
+		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination,
+			    "terminate entries with NUL byte", 0),
+		OPT_BIT('l', "long", &ls_options, "include object size",
+			LS_SHOW_SIZE),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "name-only", &ls_options, "list only filenames",
+			LS_NAME_ONLY),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "name-status", &ls_options, "list only filenames",
+			LS_NAME_ONLY),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "full-name", &chomp_prefix,
+			    "use full path names", 0),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full-tree", &full_tree,
+			    "list entire tree; not just current directory "
+			    "(implies --full-name)"),
+		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	ls_tree_prefix = prefix;
 	if (prefix && *prefix)
 		chomp_prefix = strlen(prefix);
-	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
-		switch (argv[1][1]) {
-		case 'z':
-			line_termination = 0;
-			break;
-		case 'r':
-			ls_options |= LS_RECURSIVE;
-			break;
-		case 'd':
-			ls_options |= LS_TREE_ONLY;
-			break;
-		case 't':
-			ls_options |= LS_SHOW_TREES;
-			break;
-		case 'l':
-			ls_options |= LS_SHOW_SIZE;
-			break;
-		case '-':
-			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "name-only") ||
-			    !strcmp(argv[1]+2, "name-status")) {
-				ls_options |= LS_NAME_ONLY;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "long")) {
-				ls_options |= LS_SHOW_SIZE;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "full-name")) {
-				chomp_prefix = 0;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(argv[1]+2, "abbrev=")) {
-				abbrev = strtoul(argv[1]+9, NULL, 10);
-				if (abbrev && abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
-					abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-				else if (abbrev > 40)
-					abbrev = 40;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp(argv[1]+2, "abbrev")) {
-				abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-				break;
-			}
-			/* otherwise fallthru */
-		default:
-			usage(ls_tree_usage);
-		}
-		argc--; argv++;
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, ls_tree_options,
+			     ls_tree_usage, 0);
+	if (full_tree) {
+		ls_tree_prefix = prefix = NULL;
+		chomp_prefix = 0;
 	}
 	/* -d -r should imply -t, but -d by itself should not have to. */
 	if ( (LS_TREE_ONLY|LS_RECURSIVE) ==
 	    ((LS_TREE_ONLY|LS_RECURSIVE) & ls_options))
 		ls_options |= LS_SHOW_TREES;
 
-	if (argc < 2)
-		usage(ls_tree_usage);
-	if (get_sha1(argv[1], sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
+	if (argc < 1)
+		usage_with_options(ls_tree_usage, ls_tree_options);
+	if (get_sha1(argv[0], sha1))
+		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[0]);
 
-	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + 2);
+	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + 1);
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
 	if (!tree)
 		die("not a tree object");
diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
index e890f7a6d..a50ac2256 100644
--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
+++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 static FILE *cmitmsg, *patchfile, *fin, *fout;
 
 static int keep_subject;
+static int keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject;
 static const char *metainfo_charset;
 static struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -25,10 +26,15 @@ static enum  {
 static struct strbuf charset = STRBUF_INIT;
 static int patch_lines;
 static struct strbuf **p_hdr_data, **s_hdr_data;
+static int use_scissors;
+static int use_inbody_headers = 1;
 
 #define MAX_HDR_PARSED 10
 #define MAX_BOUNDARIES 5
 
+static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb);
+
+
 static void get_sane_name(struct strbuf *out, struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *email)
 {
 	struct strbuf *src = name;
@@ -109,11 +115,19 @@ static void handle_from(const struct strbuf *from)
 	strbuf_add(&email, at, el);
 	strbuf_remove(&f, at - f.buf, el + (at[el] ? 1 : 0));
 
-	/* The remainder is name.  It could be "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"
-	 * or "john.doe@xz (John Doe)", but we have removed the
-	 * email part, so trim from both ends, possibly removing
-	 * the () pair at the end.
+	/* The remainder is name.  It could be
+	 *
+	 * - "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"			(a), or
+	 * - "john.doe@xz (John Doe)"			(b), or
+	 * - "John (zzz) Doe <john.doe@xz> (Comment)"	(c)
+	 *
+	 * but we have removed the email part, so
+	 *
+	 * - remove extra spaces which could stay after email (case 'c'), and
+	 * - trim from both ends, possibly removing the () pair at the end
+	 *   (cases 'a' and 'b').
 	 */
+	cleanup_space(&f);
 	strbuf_trim(&f);
 	if (f.buf[0] == '(' && f.len && f.buf[f.len - 1] == ')') {
 		strbuf_remove(&f, 0, 1);
@@ -182,8 +196,7 @@ static void handle_content_type(struct strbuf *line)
 		*content_top = boundary;
 		boundary = NULL;
 	}
-	if (slurp_attr(line->buf, "charset=", &charset))
-		strbuf_tolower(&charset);
+	slurp_attr(line->buf, "charset=", &charset);
 
 	if (boundary) {
 		strbuf_release(boundary);
@@ -209,35 +222,41 @@ static int is_multipart_boundary(const struct strbuf *line)
 
 static void cleanup_subject(struct strbuf *subject)
 {
-	char *pos;
-	size_t remove;
-	while (subject->len) {
-		switch (*subject->buf) {
+	size_t at = 0;
+
+	while (at < subject->len) {
+		char *pos;
+		size_t remove;
+
+		switch (subject->buf[at]) {
 		case 'r': case 'R':
-			if (subject->len <= 3)
+			if (subject->len <= at + 3)
 				break;
-			if (!memcmp(subject->buf + 1, "e:", 2)) {
-				strbuf_remove(subject, 0, 3);
+			if (!memcmp(subject->buf + at + 1, "e:", 2)) {
+				strbuf_remove(subject, at, 3);
 				continue;
 			}
+			at++;
 			break;
 		case ' ': case '\t': case ':':
-			strbuf_remove(subject, 0, 1);
+			strbuf_remove(subject, at, 1);
 			continue;
 		case '[':
-			if ((pos = strchr(subject->buf, ']'))) {
-				remove = pos - subject->buf;
-				if (remove <= (subject->len - remove) * 2) {
-					strbuf_remove(subject, 0, remove + 1);
-					continue;
-				}
-			} else
-				strbuf_remove(subject, 0, 1);
-			break;
+			pos = strchr(subject->buf + at, ']');
+			if (!pos)
+				break;
+			remove = pos - subject->buf + at + 1;
+			if (!keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject ||
+			    (7 <= remove &&
+			     memmem(subject->buf + at, remove, "PATCH", 5)))
+				strbuf_remove(subject, at, remove);
+			else
+				at += remove;
+			continue;
 		}
-		strbuf_trim(subject);
-		return;
+		break;
 	}
+	strbuf_trim(subject);
 }
 
 static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb)
@@ -430,13 +449,6 @@ static struct strbuf *decode_b_segment(const struct strbuf *b_seg)
 			c -= 'a' - 26;
 		else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
 			c -= '0' - 52;
-		else if (c == '=') {
-			/* padding is almost like (c == 0), except we do
-			 * not output NUL resulting only from it;
-			 * for now we just trust the data.
-			 */
-			c = 0;
-		}
 		else
 			continue; /* garbage */
 		switch (pos++) {
@@ -477,7 +489,7 @@ static const char *guess_charset(const struct strbuf *line, const char *target_c
 		if (is_utf8(line->buf))
 			return NULL;
 	}
-	return "latin1";
+	return "ISO8859-1";
 }
 
 static void convert_to_utf8(struct strbuf *line, const char *charset)
@@ -490,11 +502,11 @@ static void convert_to_utf8(struct strbuf *line, const char *charset)
 			return;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp(metainfo_charset, charset))
+	if (!strcasecmp(metainfo_charset, charset))
 		return;
 	out = reencode_string(line->buf, metainfo_charset, charset);
 	if (!out)
-		die("cannot convert from %s to %s\n",
+		die("cannot convert from %s to %s",
 		    charset, metainfo_charset);
 	strbuf_attach(line, out, strlen(out), strlen(out));
 }
@@ -514,8 +526,25 @@ static int decode_header_bq(struct strbuf *it)
 		rfc2047 = 1;
 
 		if (in != ep) {
-			strbuf_add(&outbuf, in, ep - in);
-			in = ep;
+			/*
+			 * We are about to process an encoded-word
+			 * that begins at ep, but there is something
+			 * before the encoded word.
+			 */
+			char *scan;
+			for (scan = in; scan < ep; scan++)
+				if (!isspace(*scan))
+					break;
+
+			if (scan != ep || in == it->buf) {
+				/*
+				 * We should not lose that "something",
+				 * unless we have just processed an
+				 * encoded-word, and there is only LWS
+				 * before the one we are about to process.
+				 */
+				strbuf_add(&outbuf, in, ep - in);
+			}
 		}
 		/* E.g.
 		 * ep : "=?iso-2022-jp?B?GyR...?= foo"
@@ -529,7 +558,6 @@ static int decode_header_bq(struct strbuf *it)
 		if (cp + 3 - it->buf > it->len)
 			goto decode_header_bq_out;
 		strbuf_add(&charset_q, ep, cp - ep);
-		strbuf_tolower(&charset_q);
 
 		encoding = cp[1];
 		if (!encoding || cp[2] != '?')
@@ -693,6 +721,56 @@ static inline int patchbreak(const struct strbuf *line)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_scissors_line(const struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	size_t i, len = line->len;
+	int scissors = 0, gap = 0;
+	int first_nonblank = -1;
+	int last_nonblank = 0, visible, perforation = 0, in_perforation = 0;
+	const char *buf = line->buf;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (isspace(buf[i])) {
+			if (in_perforation) {
+				perforation++;
+				gap++;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		last_nonblank = i;
+		if (first_nonblank < 0)
+			first_nonblank = i;
+		if (buf[i] == '-') {
+			in_perforation = 1;
+			perforation++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (i + 1 < len &&
+		    (!memcmp(buf + i, ">8", 2) || !memcmp(buf + i, "8<", 2))) {
+			in_perforation = 1;
+			perforation += 2;
+			scissors += 2;
+			i++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		in_perforation = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The mark must be at least 8 bytes long (e.g. "-- >8 --").
+	 * Even though there can be arbitrary cruft on the same line
+	 * (e.g. "cut here"), in order to avoid misidentification, the
+	 * perforation must occupy more than a third of the visible
+	 * width of the line, and dashes and scissors must occupy more
+	 * than half of the perforation.
+	 */
+
+	visible = last_nonblank - first_nonblank + 1;
+	return (scissors && 8 <= visible &&
+		visible < perforation * 3 &&
+		gap * 2 < perforation);
+}
+
 static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
 {
 	static int still_looking = 1;
@@ -704,14 +782,42 @@ static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
 		strbuf_ltrim(line);
 		if (!line->len)
 			return 0;
-		if ((still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0)) != 0)
-			return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (use_inbody_headers && still_looking) {
+		still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0);
+		if (still_looking)
+			return 0;
+	} else
+		/* Only trim the first (blank) line of the commit message
+		 * when ignoring in-body headers.
+		 */
+		still_looking = 0;
+
 	/* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
 	if (metainfo_charset)
 		convert_to_utf8(line, charset.buf);
 
+	if (use_scissors && is_scissors_line(line)) {
+		int i;
+		if (fseek(cmitmsg, 0L, SEEK_SET))
+			die_errno("Could not rewind output message file");
+		if (ftruncate(fileno(cmitmsg), 0))
+			die_errno("Could not truncate output message file at scissors");
+		still_looking = 1;
+
+		/*
+		 * We may have already read "secondary headers"; purge
+		 * them to give ourselves a clean restart.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
+			if (s_hdr_data[i])
+				strbuf_release(s_hdr_data[i]);
+			s_hdr_data[i] = NULL;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (patchbreak(line)) {
 		fclose(cmitmsg);
 		cmitmsg = NULL;
@@ -746,7 +852,6 @@ static void handle_filter(struct strbuf *line)
 
 static void handle_body(void)
 {
-	int len = 0;
 	struct strbuf prev = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	/* Skip up to the first boundary */
@@ -756,8 +861,6 @@ static void handle_body(void)
 	}
 
 	do {
-		strbuf_setlen(&line, line.len + len);
-
 		/* process any boundary lines */
 		if (*content_top && is_multipart_boundary(&line)) {
 			/* flush any leftover */
@@ -813,10 +916,7 @@ static void handle_body(void)
 			handle_filter(&line);
 		}
 
-		strbuf_reset(&line);
-		if (strbuf_avail(&line) < 100)
-			strbuf_grow(&line, 100);
-	} while ((len = read_line_with_nul(line.buf, strbuf_avail(&line), fin)));
+	} while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&line, fin, '\n'));
 
 handle_body_out:
 	strbuf_release(&prev);
@@ -860,6 +960,7 @@ static void handle_info(void)
 			}
 			output_header_lines(fout, "Subject", hdr);
 		} else if (!memcmp(header[i], "From", 4)) {
+			cleanup_space(hdr);
 			handle_from(hdr);
 			fprintf(fout, "Author: %s\n", name.buf);
 			fprintf(fout, "Email: %s\n", email.buf);
@@ -871,12 +972,9 @@ static void handle_info(void)
 	fprintf(fout, "\n");
 }
 
-static int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding,
-		    const char *msg, const char *patch)
+static int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, const char *msg, const char *patch)
 {
 	int peek;
-	keep_subject = ks;
-	metainfo_charset = encoding;
 	fin = in;
 	fout = out;
 
@@ -910,8 +1008,20 @@ static int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int git_mailinfo_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *unused)
+{
+	if (prefixcmp(var, "mailinfo."))
+		return git_default_config(var, value, unused);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "mailinfo.scissors")) {
+		use_scissors = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	/* perhaps others here */
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static const char mailinfo_usage[] =
-	"git mailinfo [-k] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] msg patch <mail >info";
+	"git mailinfo [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] [--scissors | --no-scissors] msg patch < mail >info";
 
 int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -920,20 +1030,28 @@ int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* NEEDSWORK: might want to do the optional .git/ directory
 	 * discovery
 	 */
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_mailinfo_config, NULL);
 
-	def_charset = (git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "utf-8");
+	def_charset = (git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "UTF-8");
 	metainfo_charset = def_charset;
 
 	while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
 		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-k"))
 			keep_subject = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-b"))
+			keep_non_patch_brackets_in_subject = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-u"))
 			metainfo_charset = def_charset;
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-n"))
 			metainfo_charset = NULL;
 		else if (!prefixcmp(argv[1], "--encoding="))
 			metainfo_charset = argv[1] + 11;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--scissors"))
+			use_scissors = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-scissors"))
+			use_scissors = 0;
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-inbody-headers"))
+			use_inbody_headers = 0;
 		else
 			usage(mailinfo_usage);
 		argc--; argv++;
@@ -942,5 +1060,5 @@ int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc != 3)
 		usage(mailinfo_usage);
 
-	return !!mailinfo(stdin, stdout, keep_subject, metainfo_charset, argv[1], argv[2]);
+	return !!mailinfo(stdin, stdout, argv[1], argv[2]);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-mailsplit.c b/builtin-mailsplit.c
index 71f3b3b87..207e358ed 100644
--- a/builtin-mailsplit.c
+++ b/builtin-mailsplit.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 static const char git_mailsplit_usage[] =
 "git mailsplit [-d<prec>] [-f<n>] [-b] -o<directory> [<mbox>|<Maildir>...]";
@@ -42,26 +43,8 @@ static int is_from_line(const char *line, int len)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-/* Could be as small as 64, enough to hold a Unix "From " line. */
-static char buf[4096];
-
-/* We cannot use fgets() because our lines can contain NULs */
-int read_line_with_nul(char *buf, int size, FILE *in)
-{
-	int len = 0, c;
-
-	for (;;) {
-		c = getc(in);
-		if (c == EOF)
-			break;
-		buf[len++] = c;
-		if (c == '\n' || len + 1 >= size)
-			break;
-	}
-	buf[len] = '\0';
-
-	return len;
-}
+static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+static int keep_cr;
 
 /* Called with the first line (potentially partial)
  * already in buf[] -- normally that should begin with
@@ -71,37 +54,39 @@ int read_line_with_nul(char *buf, int size, FILE *in)
 static int split_one(FILE *mbox, const char *name, int allow_bare)
 {
 	FILE *output = NULL;
-	int len = strlen(buf);
 	int fd;
 	int status = 0;
-	int is_bare = !is_from_line(buf, len);
+	int is_bare = !is_from_line(buf.buf, buf.len);
 
 	if (is_bare && !allow_bare)
 		goto corrupt;
 
 	fd = open(name, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("cannot open output file %s", name);
-	output = fdopen(fd, "w");
+		die_errno("cannot open output file '%s'", name);
+	output = xfdopen(fd, "w");
 
 	/* Copy it out, while searching for a line that begins with
 	 * "From " and having something that looks like a date format.
 	 */
 	for (;;) {
-		int is_partial = len && buf[len-1] != '\n';
+		if (!keep_cr && buf.len > 1 && buf.buf[buf.len-1] == '\n' &&
+			buf.buf[buf.len-2] == '\r') {
+			strbuf_setlen(&buf, buf.len-2);
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		}
 
-		if (fwrite(buf, 1, len, output) != len)
-			die("cannot write output");
+		if (fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, output) != buf.len)
+			die_errno("cannot write output");
 
-		len = read_line_with_nul(buf, sizeof(buf), mbox);
-		if (len == 0) {
+		if (strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, mbox, '\n')) {
 			if (feof(mbox)) {
 				status = 1;
 				break;
 			}
-			die("cannot read mbox");
+			die_errno("cannot read mbox");
 		}
-		if (!is_partial && !is_bare && is_from_line(buf, len))
+		if (!is_bare && is_from_line(buf.buf, buf.len))
 			break; /* done with one message */
 	}
 	fclose(output);
@@ -166,7 +151,7 @@ static int split_maildir(const char *maildir, const char *dir,
 			goto out;
 		}
 
-		if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f) == NULL) {
+		if (strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, f, '\n')) {
 			error("cannot read mail %s (%s)", file, strerror(errno));
 			goto out;
 		}
@@ -203,7 +188,7 @@ static int split_mbox(const char *file, const char *dir, int allow_bare,
 	} while (isspace(peek));
 	ungetc(peek, f);
 
-	if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f) == NULL) {
+	if (strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, f, '\n')) {
 		/* empty stdin is OK */
 		if (f != stdin) {
 			error("cannot read mbox %s", file);
@@ -246,8 +231,12 @@ int cmd_mailsplit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		} else if ( arg[1] == 'f' ) {
 			nr = strtol(arg+2, NULL, 10);
+		} else if ( arg[1] == 'h' ) {
+			usage(git_mailsplit_usage);
 		} else if ( arg[1] == 'b' && !arg[2] ) {
 			allow_bare = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep-cr")) {
+			keep_cr = 1;
 		} else if ( arg[1] == 'o' && arg[2] ) {
 			dir = arg+2;
 		} else if ( arg[1] == '-' && !arg[2] ) {
diff --git a/builtin-merge-base.c b/builtin-merge-base.c
index 03fc1c211..54e7ec223 100644
--- a/builtin-merge-base.c
+++ b/builtin-merge-base.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ static int show_merge_base(struct commit **rev, int rev_nr, int show_all)
 }
 
 static const char * const merge_base_usage[] = {
-	"git merge-base [--all] <commit-id> <commit-id>...",
+	"git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>...",
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ int cmd_merge_base(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, merge_base_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, merge_base_usage, 0);
 	if (argc < 2)
 		usage_with_options(merge_base_usage, options);
 	rev = xmalloc(argc * sizeof(*rev));
diff --git a/builtin-merge-file.c b/builtin-merge-file.c
index 9d4e87480..afd2ea7a7 100644
--- a/builtin-merge-file.c
+++ b/builtin-merge-file.c
@@ -48,11 +48,14 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			merge_style = git_xmerge_style;
 	}
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, merge_file_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, merge_file_usage, 0);
 	if (argc != 3)
 		usage_with_options(merge_file_usage, options);
-	if (quiet)
-		freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr);
+	if (quiet) {
+		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
+			return error("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null: "
+				     "%s\n", strerror(errno));
+	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 		if (!names[i])
diff --git a/builtin-merge-ours.c b/builtin-merge-ours.c
index 8f5bbaf40..684411694 100644
--- a/builtin-merge-ours.c
+++ b/builtin-merge-ours.c
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 
+static const char builtin_merge_ours_usage[] =
+	"git merge-ours <base>... -- HEAD <remote>...";
+
 static const char *diff_index_args[] = {
 	"diff-index", "--quiet", "--cached", "HEAD", "--", NULL
 };
@@ -17,6 +20,9 @@ static const char *diff_index_args[] = {
 
 int cmd_merge_ours(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(builtin_merge_ours_usage);
+
 	/*
 	 * We need to exit with 2 if the index does not match our HEAD tree,
 	 * because the current index is what we will be committing as the
diff --git a/builtin-merge-recursive.c b/builtin-merge-recursive.c
index 6b534c1a6..710674c6b 100644
--- a/builtin-merge-recursive.c
+++ b/builtin-merge-recursive.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (argc < 4)
-		die("Usage: %s <base>... -- <head> <remote> ...\n", argv[0]);
+		usagef("%s <base>... -- <head> <remote> ...", argv[0]);
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
 		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			bases[bases_count++] = sha;
 		}
 		else
-			warning("Cannot handle more than %zu bases. "
-				"Ignoring %s.", ARRAY_SIZE(bases)-1, argv[i]);
+			warning("Cannot handle more than %d bases. "
+				"Ignoring %s.",
+				(int)ARRAY_SIZE(bases)-1, argv[i]);
 	}
 	if (argc - i != 3) /* "--" "<head>" "<remote>" */
 		die("Not handling anything other than two heads merge.");
diff --git a/builtin-merge.c b/builtin-merge.c
index 7c2b90c70..f1c84d759 100644
--- a/builtin-merge.c
+++ b/builtin-merge.c
@@ -36,13 +36,14 @@ struct strategy {
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
-	"git-merge [options] <remote>...",
-	"git-merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>",
+	"git merge [options] <remote>...",
+	"git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>",
 	NULL
 };
 
 static int show_diffstat = 1, option_log, squash;
 static int option_commit = 1, allow_fast_forward = 1;
+static int fast_forward_only;
 static int allow_trivial = 1, have_message;
 static struct strbuf merge_msg;
 static struct commit_list *remoteheads;
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ static int option_parse_message(const struct option *opt,
 	if (unset)
 		strbuf_setlen(buf, 0);
 	else if (arg) {
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\n\n", arg);
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", buf->len ? "\n\n" : "", arg);
 		have_message = 1;
 	} else
 		return error("switch `m' requires a value");
@@ -106,8 +107,8 @@ static struct strategy *get_strategy(const char *name)
 					found = 1;
 			if (!found)
 				add_cmdname(&not_strategies, ent->name, ent->len);
-			exclude_cmds(&main_cmds, &not_strategies);
 		}
+		exclude_cmds(&main_cmds, &not_strategies);
 	}
 	if (!is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, name) && !is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, name)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n", name);
@@ -166,7 +167,9 @@ static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "commit", &option_commit,
 		"perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff", &allow_fast_forward,
-		"allow fast forward (default)"),
+		"allow fast-forward (default)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff-only", &fast_forward_only,
+		"abort if fast-forward is not possible"),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, "strategy",
 		"merge strategy to use", option_parse_strategy),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, "message",
@@ -264,11 +267,12 @@ static void squash_message(void)
 	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct commit_list *j;
 	int fd;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
 	printf("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n");
 	fd = open(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("Could not write to %s", git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+		die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.ignore_merges = 1;
@@ -285,48 +289,23 @@ static void squash_message(void)
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 
+	ctx.abbrev = rev.abbrev;
+	ctx.date_mode = rev.date_mode;
+
 	strbuf_addstr(&out, "Squashed commit of the following:\n");
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
 		strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
 		strbuf_addf(&out, "commit %s\n",
 			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-		pretty_print_commit(rev.commit_format, commit, &out, rev.abbrev,
-			NULL, NULL, rev.date_mode, 0);
+		pretty_print_commit(rev.commit_format, commit, &out, &ctx);
 	}
-	write(fd, out.buf, out.len);
-	close(fd);
+	if (write(fd, out.buf, out.len) < 0)
+		die_errno("Writing SQUASH_MSG");
+	if (close(fd))
+		die_errno("Finishing SQUASH_MSG");
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
-static int run_hook(const char *name)
-{
-	struct child_process hook;
-	const char *argv[3], *env[2];
-	char index[PATH_MAX];
-
-	argv[0] = git_path("hooks/%s", name);
-	if (access(argv[0], X_OK) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", get_index_file());
-	env[0] = index;
-	env[1] = NULL;
-
-	if (squash)
-		argv[1] = "1";
-	else
-		argv[1] = "0";
-	argv[2] = NULL;
-
-	memset(&hook, 0, sizeof(hook));
-	hook.argv = argv;
-	hook.no_stdin = 1;
-	hook.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-	hook.env = env;
-
-	return run_command(&hook);
-}
-
 static void finish(const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
 {
 	struct strbuf reflog_message = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -372,7 +351,7 @@ static void finish(const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
 	}
 
 	/* Run a post-merge hook */
-	run_hook("post-merge");
+	run_hook(NULL, "post-merge", squash ? "1" : "0", NULL);
 
 	strbuf_release(&reflog_message);
 }
@@ -383,22 +362,30 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 	struct object *remote_head;
 	unsigned char branch_head[20], buf_sha[20];
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *ptr;
+	char *found_ref;
 	int len, early;
 
+	strbuf_branchname(&bname, remote);
+	remote = bname.buf;
+
 	memset(branch_head, 0, sizeof(branch_head));
 	remote_head = peel_to_type(remote, 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 	if (!remote_head)
 		die("'%s' does not point to a commit", remote);
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "refs/heads/");
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, remote);
-	resolve_ref(buf.buf, branch_head, 0, 0);
-
-	if (!hashcmp(remote_head->sha1, branch_head)) {
-		strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tbranch '%s' of .\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
-		return;
+	if (dwim_ref(remote, strlen(remote), branch_head, &found_ref) > 0) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(found_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tbranch '%s' of .\n",
+				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(found_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tremote branch '%s' of .\n",
+				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/* See if remote matches <name>^^^.. or <name>~<number> */
@@ -432,13 +419,14 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 		strbuf_addstr(&truname, "refs/heads/");
 		strbuf_addstr(&truname, remote);
 		strbuf_setlen(&truname, truname.len - len);
-		if (resolve_ref(truname.buf, buf_sha, 0, 0)) {
+		if (resolve_ref(truname.buf, buf_sha, 0, NULL)) {
 			strbuf_addf(msg,
 				    "%s\t\tbranch '%s'%s of .\n",
 				    sha1_to_hex(remote_head->sha1),
 				    truname.buf + 11,
 				    (early ? " (early part)" : ""));
-			return;
+			strbuf_release(&truname);
+			goto cleanup;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -450,8 +438,8 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 
 		fp = fopen(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), "r");
 		if (!fp)
-			die("could not open %s for reading: %s",
-				git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+				  git_path("FETCH_HEAD"));
 		strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n');
 		fclose(fp);
 		ptr = strstr(line.buf, "\tnot-for-merge\t");
@@ -459,10 +447,13 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 			strbuf_remove(&line, ptr-line.buf+1, 13);
 		strbuf_addbuf(msg, &line);
 		strbuf_release(&line);
-		return;
+		goto cleanup;
 	}
 	strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tcommit '%s'\n",
 		sha1_to_hex(remote_head->sha1), remote);
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&bname);
 }
 
 static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
@@ -481,7 +472,7 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		argv = xrealloc(argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 2));
 		memmove(argv + 1, argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
 		argc++;
-		parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_merge_options,
+		parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, builtin_merge_options,
 			      builtin_merge_usage, 0);
 		free(buf);
 	}
@@ -613,7 +604,7 @@ static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 		discard_cache();
 		if (read_cache() < 0)
 			die("failed to read the cache");
-		return -ret;
+		return ret;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -654,7 +645,7 @@ static int checkout_fast_forward(unsigned char *head, unsigned char *remote)
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
 	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
-	dir.show_ignored = 1;
+	dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
 	dir.exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
 	opts.dir = &dir;
 
@@ -665,6 +656,7 @@ static int checkout_fast_forward(unsigned char *head, unsigned char *remote)
 	opts.verbose_update = 1;
 	opts.merge = 1;
 	opts.fn = twoway_merge;
+	opts.msgs = get_porcelain_error_msgs();
 
 	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
 	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
@@ -783,7 +775,8 @@ static int suggest_conflicts(void)
 
 	fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "a");
 	if (!fp)
-		die("Could open %s for writing", git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+		die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+			  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 	fprintf(fp, "\nConflicts:\n");
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
@@ -806,7 +799,7 @@ static int suggest_conflicts(void)
 static struct commit *is_old_style_invocation(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct commit *second_token = NULL;
-	if (argc > 1) {
+	if (argc > 2) {
 		unsigned char second_sha1[20];
 
 		if (get_sha1(argv[1], second_sha1))
@@ -854,9 +847,11 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	const char *best_strategy = NULL, *wt_strategy = NULL;
 	struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
 
-	setup_work_tree();
+	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+		die("You have not concluded your merge. (MERGE_HEAD exists)");
 	if (read_cache_unmerged())
-		die("You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.");
+		die("You are in the middle of a conflicted merge."
+				" (index unmerged)");
 
 	/*
 	 * Check if we are _not_ on a detached HEAD, i.e. if there is a
@@ -874,7 +869,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
 		diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_merge_options,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_merge_options,
 			builtin_merge_usage, 0);
 	if (verbosity < 0)
 		show_diffstat = 0;
@@ -885,6 +880,9 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		option_commit = 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!allow_fast_forward && fast_forward_only)
+		die("You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only.");
+
 	if (!argc)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
 			builtin_merge_options);
@@ -939,11 +937,13 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * codepath so we discard the error in this
 		 * loop.
 		 */
-		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
-			merge_name(argv[i], &msg);
-		fmt_merge_msg(option_log, &msg, &merge_msg);
-		if (merge_msg.len)
-			strbuf_setlen(&merge_msg, merge_msg.len-1);
+		if (!have_message) {
+			for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+				merge_name(argv[i], &msg);
+			fmt_merge_msg(option_log, &msg, &merge_msg);
+			if (merge_msg.len)
+				strbuf_setlen(&merge_msg, merge_msg.len-1);
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (head_invalid || !argc)
@@ -1024,7 +1024,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				hex,
 				find_unique_abbrev(remoteheads->item->object.sha1,
 				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "Fast forward");
+		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "Fast-forward");
 		if (have_message)
 			strbuf_addstr(&msg,
 				" (no commit created; -m option ignored)");
@@ -1042,16 +1042,16 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	} else if (!remoteheads->next && common->next)
 		;
 		/*
-		 * We are not doing octopus and not fast forward.  Need
+		 * We are not doing octopus and not fast-forward.  Need
 		 * a real merge.
 		 */
 	else if (!remoteheads->next && !common->next && option_commit) {
 		/*
-		 * We are not doing octopus, not fast forward, and have
+		 * We are not doing octopus, not fast-forward, and have
 		 * only one common.
 		 */
 		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
-		if (allow_trivial) {
+		if (allow_trivial && !fast_forward_only) {
 			/* See if it is really trivial. */
 			git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
 			printf("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n");
@@ -1090,6 +1090,9 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (fast_forward_only)
+		die("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting.");
+
 	/* We are going to make a new commit. */
 	git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
 
@@ -1205,27 +1208,29 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die("Could open %s for writing",
-				git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-			die("Could not write to %s", git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		close(fd);
 		strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die("Could open %s for writing", git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+				  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 		if (write_in_full(fd, merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len) !=
 			merge_msg.len)
-			die("Could not write to %s", git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 		close(fd);
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die("Could open %s for writing", git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+				  git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "no-ff");
 		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-			die("Could not write to %s", git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 		close(fd);
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin-mktree.c b/builtin-mktree.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..098395fda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-mktree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+/*
+ * GIT - the stupid content tracker
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) Junio C Hamano, 2006, 2009
+ */
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static struct treeent {
+	unsigned mode;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int len;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+} **entries;
+static int alloc, used;
+
+static void append_to_tree(unsigned mode, unsigned char *sha1, char *path)
+{
+	struct treeent *ent;
+	int len = strlen(path);
+	if (strchr(path, '/'))
+		die("path %s contains slash", path);
+
+	if (alloc <= used) {
+		alloc = alloc_nr(used);
+		entries = xrealloc(entries, sizeof(*entries) * alloc);
+	}
+	ent = entries[used++] = xmalloc(sizeof(**entries) + len + 1);
+	ent->mode = mode;
+	ent->len = len;
+	hashcpy(ent->sha1, sha1);
+	memcpy(ent->name, path, len+1);
+}
+
+static int ent_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	struct treeent *a = *(struct treeent **)a_;
+	struct treeent *b = *(struct treeent **)b_;
+	return base_name_compare(a->name, a->len, a->mode,
+				 b->name, b->len, b->mode);
+}
+
+static void write_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	size_t size;
+	int i;
+
+	qsort(entries, used, sizeof(*entries), ent_compare);
+	for (size = i = 0; i < used; i++)
+		size += 32 + entries[i]->len;
+
+	strbuf_init(&buf, size);
+	for (i = 0; i < used; i++) {
+		struct treeent *ent = entries[i];
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%o %s%c", ent->mode, ent->name, '\0');
+		strbuf_add(&buf, ent->sha1, 20);
+	}
+
+	write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tree_type, sha1);
+}
+
+static const char *mktree_usage[] = {
+	"git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static void mktree_line(char *buf, size_t len, int line_termination, int allow_missing)
+{
+	char *ptr, *ntr;
+	unsigned mode;
+	enum object_type mode_type; /* object type derived from mode */
+	enum object_type obj_type; /* object type derived from sha */
+	char *path;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	ptr = buf;
+	/*
+	 * Read non-recursive ls-tree output format:
+	 *     mode SP type SP sha1 TAB name
+	 */
+	mode = strtoul(ptr, &ntr, 8);
+	if (ptr == ntr || !ntr || *ntr != ' ')
+		die("input format error: %s", buf);
+	ptr = ntr + 1; /* type */
+	ntr = strchr(ptr, ' ');
+	if (!ntr || buf + len <= ntr + 40 ||
+	    ntr[41] != '\t' ||
+	    get_sha1_hex(ntr + 1, sha1))
+		die("input format error: %s", buf);
+
+	/* It is perfectly normal if we do not have a commit from a submodule */
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode))
+		allow_missing = 1;
+
+
+	*ntr++ = 0; /* now at the beginning of SHA1 */
+
+	path = ntr + 41;  /* at the beginning of name */
+	if (line_termination && path[0] == '"') {
+		struct strbuf p_uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (unquote_c_style(&p_uq, path, NULL))
+			die("invalid quoting");
+		path = strbuf_detach(&p_uq, NULL);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Object type is redundantly derivable three ways.
+	 * These should all agree.
+	 */
+	mode_type = object_type(mode);
+	if (mode_type != type_from_string(ptr)) {
+		die("entry '%s' object type (%s) doesn't match mode type (%s)",
+			path, ptr, typename(mode_type));
+	}
+
+	/* Check the type of object identified by sha1 */
+	obj_type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	if (obj_type < 0) {
+		if (allow_missing) {
+			; /* no problem - missing objects are presumed to be of the right type */
+		} else {
+			die("entry '%s' object %s is unavailable", path, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (obj_type != mode_type) {
+			/*
+			 * The object exists but is of the wrong type.
+			 * This is a problem regardless of allow_missing
+			 * because the new tree entry will never be correct.
+			 */
+			die("entry '%s' object %s is a %s but specified type was (%s)",
+				path, sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(obj_type), typename(mode_type));
+		}
+	}
+
+	append_to_tree(mode, sha1, path);
+}
+
+int cmd_mktree(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int line_termination = '\n';
+	int allow_missing = 0;
+	int is_batch_mode = 0;
+	int got_eof = 0;
+
+	const struct option option[] = {
+		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination, "input is NUL terminated", '\0'),
+		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "missing", &allow_missing, "allow missing objects", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "batch", &is_batch_mode, "allow creation of more than one tree", 1),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, option, mktree_usage, 0);
+
+	while (!got_eof) {
+		while (1) {
+			if (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, line_termination) == EOF) {
+				got_eof = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+			if (sb.buf[0] == '\0') {
+				/* empty lines denote tree boundaries in batch mode */
+				if (is_batch_mode)
+					break;
+				die("input format error: (blank line only valid in batch mode)");
+			}
+			mktree_line(sb.buf, sb.len, line_termination, allow_missing);
+		}
+		if (is_batch_mode && got_eof && used < 1) {
+			/*
+			 * Execution gets here if the last tree entry is terminated with a
+			 * new-line.  The final new-line has been made optional to be
+			 * consistent with the original non-batch behaviour of mktree.
+			 */
+			; /* skip creating an empty tree */
+		} else {
+			write_tree(sha1);
+			puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			fflush(stdout);
+		}
+		used=0; /* reset tree entry buffer for re-use in batch mode */
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	exit(0);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-mv.c b/builtin-mv.c
index 4f65b5ae9..f633d8142 100644
--- a/builtin-mv.c
+++ b/builtin-mv.c
@@ -24,14 +24,10 @@ static const char **copy_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec,
 	result[count] = NULL;
 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 		int length = strlen(result[i]);
-		if (length > 0 && result[i][length - 1] == '/') {
+		if (length > 0 && is_dir_sep(result[i][length - 1]))
 			result[i] = xmemdupz(result[i], length - 1);
-		}
-		if (base_name) {
-			const char *last_slash = strrchr(result[i], '/');
-			if (last_slash)
-				result[i] = last_slash + 1;
-		}
+		if (base_name)
+			result[i] = basename((char *)result[i]);
 	}
 	return get_pathspec(prefix, result);
 }
@@ -57,7 +53,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, force = 0, ignore_errors = 0;
 	struct option builtin_mv_options[] = {
 		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "force move/rename even if target exists"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "force move/rename even if target exists"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', NULL, &ignore_errors, "skip move/rename errors"),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
@@ -68,14 +64,15 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_mv_options,
+			     builtin_mv_usage, 0);
+	if (--argc < 1)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
+
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("index file corrupt");
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_mv_options, builtin_mv_usage, 0);
-	if (--argc < 1)
-		usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
-
 	source = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
 	modes = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(enum update_mode));
 	dest_path = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv + argc, 1, 0);
@@ -162,7 +159,9 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				}
 				argc += last - first;
 			}
-		} else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
+		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
+			bad = "not under version control";
+		else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
 			bad = "destination exists";
 			if (force) {
 				/*
@@ -177,9 +176,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				} else
 					bad = "Cannot overwrite";
 			}
-		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
-			bad = "not under version control";
-		else if (string_list_has_string(&src_for_dst, dst))
+		} else if (string_list_has_string(&src_for_dst, dst))
 			bad = "multiple sources for the same target";
 		else
 			string_list_insert(dst, &src_for_dst);
@@ -192,6 +189,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					memmove(destination + i,
 						destination + i + 1,
 						(argc - i) * sizeof(char *));
+					i--;
 				}
 			} else
 				die ("%s, source=%s, destination=%s",
@@ -207,7 +205,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			printf("Renaming %s to %s\n", src, dst);
 		if (!show_only && mode != INDEX &&
 				rename(src, dst) < 0 && !ignore_errors)
-			die ("renaming %s failed: %s", src, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno ("renaming '%s' failed", src);
 
 		if (mode == WORKING_DIRECTORY)
 			continue;
diff --git a/builtin-name-rev.c b/builtin-name-rev.c
index 08c8aabf9..06a38ac8c 100644
--- a/builtin-name-rev.c
+++ b/builtin-name-rev.c
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, opts, name_rev_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, name_rev_usage, 0);
 	if (!!all + !!transform_stdin + !!argc > 1) {
 		error("Specify either a list, or --all, not both!");
 		usage_with_options(name_rev_usage, opts);
diff --git a/builtin-pack-objects.c b/builtin-pack-objects.c
index 67eefa293..4429d53a1 100644
--- a/builtin-pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-pack-objects.c
@@ -22,15 +22,16 @@
 #include <pthread.h>
 #endif
 
-static const char pack_usage[] = "\
-git pack-objects [{ -q | --progress | --all-progress }] \n\
-	[--max-pack-size=N] [--local] [--incremental] \n\
-	[--window=N] [--window-memory=N] [--depth=N] \n\
-	[--no-reuse-delta] [--no-reuse-object] [--delta-base-offset] \n\
-	[--threads=N] [--non-empty] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--reflog] \n\
-	[--stdout | base-name] [--include-tag] \n\
-	[--keep-unreachable | --unpack-unreachable] \n\
-	[<ref-list | <object-list]";
+static const char pack_usage[] =
+  "git pack-objects [{ -q | --progress | --all-progress }]\n"
+  "        [--all-progress-implied]\n"
+  "        [--max-pack-size=N] [--local] [--incremental]\n"
+  "        [--window=N] [--window-memory=N] [--depth=N]\n"
+  "        [--no-reuse-delta] [--no-reuse-object] [--delta-base-offset]\n"
+  "        [--threads=N] [--non-empty] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]*]\n"
+  "        [--reflog] [--stdout | base-name] [--include-tag]\n"
+  "        [--keep-unreachable | --unpack-unreachable \n"
+  "        [<ref-list | <object-list]";
 
 struct object_entry {
 	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ static int progress = 1;
 static int window = 10;
 static uint32_t pack_size_limit, pack_size_limit_cfg;
 static int depth = 50;
-static int delta_search_threads = 1;
+static int delta_search_threads;
 static int pack_to_stdout;
 static int num_preferred_base;
 static struct progress *progress_state;
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
 static int pack_compression_seen;
 
 static unsigned long delta_cache_size = 0;
-static unsigned long max_delta_cache_size = 0;
+static unsigned long max_delta_cache_size = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
 static unsigned long cache_max_small_delta_size = 1000;
 
 static unsigned long window_memory_limit = 0;
@@ -195,16 +196,16 @@ static int check_pack_inflate(struct packed_git *p,
 	int st;
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 	do {
 		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &stream.avail_in);
 		stream.next_in = in;
 		stream.next_out = fakebuf;
 		stream.avail_out = sizeof(fakebuf);
-		st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
 		offset += stream.next_in - in;
 	} while (st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR);
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	return (st == Z_STREAM_END &&
 		stream.total_out == expect &&
 		stream.total_in == len) ? 0 : -1;
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
 				die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
 			/*
 			 * make sure no cached delta data remains from a
-			 * previous attempt before a pack split occured.
+			 * previous attempt before a pack split occurred.
 			 */
 			free(entry->delta_data);
 			entry->delta_data = NULL;
@@ -488,9 +489,8 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 		} else {
 			char tmpname[PATH_MAX];
 			int fd;
-			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname),
-				 "%s/pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-			fd = xmkstemp(tmpname);
+			fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname),
+					 "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
 			pack_tmp_name = xstrdup(tmpname);
 			f = sha1fd(fd, pack_tmp_name);
 		}
@@ -535,12 +535,11 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 
 			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-%s.pack",
 				 base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			free_pack_by_name(tmpname);
 			if (adjust_perm(pack_tmp_name, mode))
-				die("unable to make temporary pack file readable: %s",
-				    strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("unable to make temporary pack file readable");
 			if (rename(pack_tmp_name, tmpname))
-				die("unable to rename temporary pack file: %s",
-				    strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("unable to rename temporary pack file");
 
 			/*
 			 * Packs are runtime accessed in their mtime
@@ -566,11 +565,9 @@ static void write_pack_file(void)
 			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-%s.idx",
 				 base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 			if (adjust_perm(idx_tmp_name, mode))
-				die("unable to make temporary index file readable: %s",
-				    strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("unable to make temporary index file readable");
 			if (rename(idx_tmp_name, tmpname))
-				die("unable to rename temporary index file: %s",
-				    strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("unable to rename temporary index file");
 
 			free(idx_tmp_name);
 			free(pack_tmp_name);
@@ -653,8 +650,7 @@ static void rehash_objects(void)
 
 static unsigned name_hash(const char *name)
 {
-	unsigned char c;
-	unsigned hash = 0;
+	unsigned c, hash = 0;
 
 	if (!name)
 		return 0;
@@ -1013,6 +1009,33 @@ static void add_preferred_base(unsigned char *sha1)
 	it->pcache.tree_size = size;
 }
 
+static void cleanup_preferred_base(void)
+{
+	struct pbase_tree *it;
+	unsigned i;
+
+	it = pbase_tree;
+	pbase_tree = NULL;
+	while (it) {
+		struct pbase_tree *this = it;
+		it = this->next;
+		free(this->pcache.tree_data);
+		free(this);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pbase_tree_cache); i++) {
+		if (!pbase_tree_cache[i])
+			continue;
+		free(pbase_tree_cache[i]->tree_data);
+		free(pbase_tree_cache[i]);
+		pbase_tree_cache[i] = NULL;
+	}
+
+	free(done_pbase_paths);
+	done_pbase_paths = NULL;
+	done_pbase_paths_num = done_pbase_paths_alloc = 0;
+}
+
 static void check_object(struct object_entry *entry)
 {
 	if (entry->in_pack) {
@@ -1293,7 +1316,7 @@ static int try_delta(struct unpacked *trg, struct unpacked *src,
 		max_size = trg_entry->delta_size;
 		ref_depth = trg->depth;
 	}
-	max_size = max_size * (max_depth - src->depth) /
+	max_size = (uint64_t)max_size * (max_depth - src->depth) /
 						(max_depth - ref_depth + 1);
 	if (max_size == 0)
 		return 0;
@@ -1604,18 +1627,28 @@ static void *threaded_find_deltas(void *arg)
 static void ll_find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned list_size,
 			   int window, int depth, unsigned *processed)
 {
-	struct thread_params p[delta_search_threads];
+	struct thread_params *p;
 	int i, ret, active_threads = 0;
 
+	if (!delta_search_threads)	/* --threads=0 means autodetect */
+		delta_search_threads = online_cpus();
 	if (delta_search_threads <= 1) {
 		find_deltas(list, &list_size, window, depth, processed);
 		return;
 	}
+	if (progress > pack_to_stdout)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Delta compression using up to %d threads.\n",
+				delta_search_threads);
+	p = xcalloc(delta_search_threads, sizeof(*p));
 
 	/* Partition the work amongst work threads. */
 	for (i = 0; i < delta_search_threads; i++) {
 		unsigned sub_size = list_size / (delta_search_threads - i);
 
+		/* don't use too small segments or no deltas will be found */
+		if (sub_size < 2*window && i+1 < delta_search_threads)
+			sub_size = 0;
+
 		p[i].window = window;
 		p[i].depth = depth;
 		p[i].processed = processed;
@@ -1715,6 +1748,7 @@ static void ll_find_deltas(struct object_entry **list, unsigned list_size,
 			active_threads--;
 		}
 	}
+	free(p);
 }
 
 #else
@@ -1806,7 +1840,7 @@ static void prepare_pack(int window, int depth)
 
 static int git_pack_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
-	if(!strcmp(k, "pack.window")) {
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.window")) {
 		window = git_config_int(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -1873,7 +1907,7 @@ static void read_object_list_from_stdin(void)
 			if (!ferror(stdin))
 				die("fgets returned NULL, not EOF, not error!");
 			if (errno != EINTR)
-				die("fgets: %s", strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("fgets");
 			clearerr(stdin);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1894,17 +1928,25 @@ static void read_object_list_from_stdin(void)
 
 #define OBJECT_ADDED (1u<<20)
 
-static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
+static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
 	add_object_entry(commit->object.sha1, OBJ_COMMIT, NULL, 0);
 	commit->object.flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object_array_entry *p)
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *last)
 {
-	add_preferred_base_object(p->name);
-	add_object_entry(p->item->sha1, p->item->type, p->name, 0);
-	p->item->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
+	char *name = path_name(path, last);
+
+	add_preferred_base_object(name);
+	add_object_entry(obj->sha1, obj->type, name, 0);
+	obj->flags |= OBJECT_ADDED;
+
+	/*
+	 * We will have generated the hash from the name,
+	 * but not saved a pointer to it - we can free it
+	 */
+	free((char *)name);
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
@@ -1959,11 +2001,7 @@ static void add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(struct rev_info *revs)
 		const unsigned char *sha1;
 		struct object *o;
 
-		for (i = 0; i < revs->num_ignore_packed; i++) {
-			if (matches_pack_name(p, revs->ignore_packed[i]))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (revs->num_ignore_packed <= i)
+		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
 			continue;
 		if (open_pack_index(p))
 			die("cannot open pack index");
@@ -1992,6 +2030,29 @@ static void add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(struct rev_info *revs)
 	free(in_pack.array);
 }
 
+static int has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
+	struct packed_git *p;
+
+	p = (last_found != (void *)1) ? last_found : packed_git;
+
+	while (p) {
+		if ((!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep) &&
+			find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p)) {
+			last_found = p;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		if (p == last_found)
+			p = packed_git;
+		else
+			p = p->next;
+		if (p == last_found)
+			p = p->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void loosen_unused_packed_objects(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
@@ -1999,11 +2060,7 @@ static void loosen_unused_packed_objects(struct rev_info *revs)
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
 
 	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-		for (i = 0; i < revs->num_ignore_packed; i++) {
-			if (matches_pack_name(p, revs->ignore_packed[i]))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (revs->num_ignore_packed <= i)
+		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
 			continue;
 
 		if (open_pack_index(p))
@@ -2011,7 +2068,8 @@ static void loosen_unused_packed_objects(struct rev_info *revs)
 
 		for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
 			sha1 = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
-			if (!locate_object_entry(sha1))
+			if (!locate_object_entry(sha1) &&
+				!has_sha1_pack_kept_or_nonlocal(sha1))
 				if (force_object_loose(sha1, p->mtime))
 					die("unable to force loose object");
 		}
@@ -2048,7 +2106,7 @@ static void get_object_list(int ac, const char **av)
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, show_edge);
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object);
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, NULL);
 
 	if (keep_unreachable)
 		add_objects_in_unpacked_packs(&revs);
@@ -2067,11 +2125,14 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int use_internal_rev_list = 0;
 	int thin = 0;
+	int all_progress_implied = 0;
 	uint32_t i;
 	const char **rp_av;
 	int rp_ac_alloc = 64;
 	int rp_ac;
 
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
+
 	rp_av = xcalloc(rp_ac_alloc, sizeof(*rp_av));
 
 	rp_av[0] = "pack-objects";
@@ -2164,6 +2225,10 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			progress = 2;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp("--all-progress-implied", arg)) {
+			all_progress_implied = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp("-q", arg)) {
 			progress = 0;
 			continue;
@@ -2201,7 +2266,6 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp("--unpacked", arg) ||
-		    !prefixcmp(arg, "--unpacked=") ||
 		    !strcmp("--reflog", arg) ||
 		    !strcmp("--all", arg)) {
 			use_internal_rev_list = 1;
@@ -2230,6 +2294,10 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				die("bad %s", arg);
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep-true-parents")) {
+			grafts_replace_parents = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
 		usage(pack_usage);
 	}
 
@@ -2264,10 +2332,8 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (keep_unreachable && unpack_unreachable)
 		die("--keep-unreachable and --unpack-unreachable are incompatible.");
 
-#ifdef THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH
-	if (!delta_search_threads)	/* --threads=0 means autodetect */
-		delta_search_threads = online_cpus();
-#endif
+	if (progress && all_progress_implied)
+		progress = 2;
 
 	prepare_packed_git();
 
@@ -2279,6 +2345,7 @@ int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		rp_av[rp_ac] = NULL;
 		get_object_list(rp_ac, rp_av);
 	}
+	cleanup_preferred_base();
 	if (include_tag && nr_result)
 		for_each_ref(add_ref_tag, NULL);
 	stop_progress(&progress_state);
diff --git a/builtin-pack-refs.c b/builtin-pack-refs.c
index 34246df4e..091860b2e 100644
--- a/builtin-pack-refs.c
+++ b/builtin-pack-refs.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ int cmd_pack_refs(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, "prune loose refs (default)", PACK_REFS_PRUNE),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
-	if (parse_options(argc, argv, opts, pack_refs_usage, 0))
+	if (parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, pack_refs_usage, 0))
 		usage_with_options(pack_refs_usage, opts);
 	return pack_refs(flags);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-prune-packed.c b/builtin-prune-packed.c
index 10cb8df84..f9463deec 100644
--- a/builtin-prune-packed.c
+++ b/builtin-prune-packed.c
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "progress.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char prune_packed_usage[] =
-"git prune-packed [-n] [-q]";
+static const char * const prune_packed_usage[] = {
+	"git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 #define DRY_RUN 01
 #define VERBOSE 02
@@ -23,13 +26,13 @@ static void prune_dir(int i, DIR *dir, char *pathname, int len, int opts)
 		memcpy(hex+2, de->d_name, 38);
 		if (get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
 			continue;
-		if (!has_sha1_pack(sha1, NULL))
+		if (!has_sha1_pack(sha1))
 			continue;
 		memcpy(pathname + len, de->d_name, 38);
 		if (opts & DRY_RUN)
 			printf("rm -f %s\n", pathname);
-		else if (unlink(pathname) < 0)
-			error("unable to unlink %s", pathname);
+		else
+			unlink_or_warn(pathname);
 		display_progress(progress, i + 1);
 	}
 	pathname[len] = 0;
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@ void prune_packed_objects(int opts)
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
 		DIR *d;
 
+		display_progress(progress, i + 1);
 		sprintf(pathname + len, "%02x/", i);
 		d = opendir(pathname);
 		if (!d)
@@ -67,24 +71,16 @@ void prune_packed_objects(int opts)
 
 int cmd_prune_packed(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
-	int opts = VERBOSE;
+	int opts = isatty(2) ? VERBOSE : 0;
+	const struct option prune_packed_options[] = {
+		OPT_BIT('n', "dry-run", &opts, "dry run", DRY_RUN),
+		OPT_NEGBIT('q', "quiet", &opts, "be quiet", VERBOSE),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, prune_packed_options,
+			     prune_packed_usage, 0);
 
-		if (*arg == '-') {
-			if (!strcmp(arg, "-n"))
-				opts |= DRY_RUN;
-			else if (!strcmp(arg, "-q"))
-				opts &= ~VERBOSE;
-			else
-				usage(prune_packed_usage);
-			continue;
-		}
-		/* Handle arguments here .. */
-		usage(prune_packed_usage);
-	}
 	prune_packed_objects(opts);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-prune.c b/builtin-prune.c
index 7b4ec80e6..8459aec8e 100644
--- a/builtin-prune.c
+++ b/builtin-prune.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "reachable.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 static const char * const prune_usage[] = {
 	"git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]",
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ static int prune_tmp_object(const char *path, const char *filename)
 	}
 	printf("Removing stale temporary file %s\n", fullpath);
 	if (!show_only)
-		unlink(fullpath);
+		unlink_or_warn(fullpath);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ static int prune_object(char *path, const char *filename, const unsigned char *s
 		       (type > 0) ? typename(type) : "unknown");
 	}
 	if (!show_only)
-		unlink(fullpath);
+		unlink_or_warn(fullpath);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -61,19 +62,12 @@ static int prune_dir(int i, char *path)
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		char name[100];
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		int len = strlen(de->d_name);
 
-		switch (len) {
-		case 2:
-			if (de->d_name[1] != '.')
-				break;
-		case 1:
-			if (de->d_name[0] != '.')
-				break;
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
-		case 38:
+		if (strlen(de->d_name) == 38) {
 			sprintf(name, "%02x", i);
-			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, len+1);
+			memcpy(name+2, de->d_name, 39);
 			if (get_sha1_hex(name, sha1) < 0)
 				break;
 
@@ -146,9 +140,10 @@ int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	char *s;
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, prune_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, prune_usage, 0);
 	while (argc--) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		const char *name = *argv++;
diff --git a/builtin-push.c b/builtin-push.c
index 122fdcfbd..356d7c1fd 100644
--- a/builtin-push.c
+++ b/builtin-push.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const push_usage[] = {
-	"git push [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--tags] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-v] [<repository> <refspec>...]",
+	"git push [<options>] [<repository> <refspec>...]",
 	NULL,
 };
 
@@ -48,13 +48,57 @@ static void set_refspecs(const char **refs, int nr)
 	}
 }
 
+static void setup_push_tracking(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf refspec = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
+	if (!branch)
+		die("You are not currently on a branch.");
+	if (!branch->merge_nr)
+		die("The current branch %s is not tracking anything.",
+		    branch->name);
+	if (branch->merge_nr != 1)
+		die("The current branch %s is tracking multiple branches, "
+		    "refusing to push.", branch->name);
+	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->name, branch->merge[0]->src);
+	add_refspec(refspec.buf);
+}
+
+static void setup_default_push_refspecs(void)
+{
+	switch (push_default) {
+	default:
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING:
+		add_refspec(":");
+		break;
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING:
+		setup_push_tracking();
+		break;
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT:
+		add_refspec("HEAD");
+		break;
+
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING:
+		die("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
+		    "push.default is \"nothing\".");
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
 static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 {
 	int i, errs;
 	struct remote *remote = remote_get(repo);
+	const char **url;
+	int url_nr;
 
-	if (!remote)
-		die("bad repository '%s'", repo);
+	if (!remote) {
+		if (repo)
+			die("bad repository '%s'", repo);
+		die("No destination configured to push to.");
+	}
 
 	if (remote->mirror)
 		flags |= (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
@@ -76,17 +120,26 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 		return error("--all and --mirror are incompatible");
 	}
 
-	if (!refspec
-		&& !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
-		&& remote->push_refspec_nr) {
-		refspec = remote->push_refspec;
-		refspec_nr = remote->push_refspec_nr;
+	if (!refspec && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
+		if (remote->push_refspec_nr) {
+			refspec = remote->push_refspec;
+			refspec_nr = remote->push_refspec_nr;
+		} else if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))
+			setup_default_push_refspecs();
 	}
 	errs = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < remote->url_nr; i++) {
+	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
+		url = remote->pushurl;
+		url_nr = remote->pushurl_nr;
+	} else {
+		url = remote->url;
+		url_nr = remote->url_nr;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++) {
 		struct transport *transport =
-			transport_get(remote, remote->url[i]);
+			transport_get(remote, url[i]);
 		int err;
+		int nonfastforward;
 		if (receivepack)
 			transport_set_option(transport,
 					     TRANS_OPT_RECEIVEPACK, receivepack);
@@ -94,14 +147,20 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_THIN, "yes");
 
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Pushing to %s\n", remote->url[i]);
-		err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags);
+			fprintf(stderr, "Pushing to %s\n", url[i]);
+		err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags,
+				     &nonfastforward);
 		err |= transport_disconnect(transport);
 
 		if (!err)
 			continue;
 
-		error("failed to push some refs to '%s'", remote->url[i]);
+		error("failed to push some refs to '%s'", url[i]);
+		if (nonfastforward && advice_push_nonfastforward) {
+			printf("To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
+			       "Merge the remote changes before pushing again.  See the 'non-fast-forward'\n"
+			       "section of 'git push --help' for details.\n");
+		}
 		errs++;
 	}
 	return !!errs;
@@ -113,15 +172,16 @@ int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int tags = 0;
 	int rc;
 	const char *repo = NULL;	/* default repository */
-
 	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, "be quiet", TRANSPORT_PUSH_QUIET),
 		OPT_BIT('v', "verbose", &flags, "be verbose", TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "repo", &repo, "repository", "repository"),
 		OPT_BIT( 0 , "all", &flags, "push all refs", TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL),
 		OPT_BIT( 0 , "mirror", &flags, "mirror all refs",
 			    (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "tags", &tags, "push tags"),
-		OPT_BIT( 0 , "dry-run", &flags, "dry run", TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "tags", &tags, "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"),
+		OPT_BIT('n' , "dry-run", &flags, "dry run", TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
+		OPT_BIT( 0,  "porcelain", &flags, "machine-readable output", TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN),
 		OPT_BIT('f', "force", &flags, "force updates", TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "thin", &thin, "use thin pack"),
 		OPT_STRING( 0 , "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", "receive pack program"),
@@ -129,7 +189,8 @@ int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, push_usage, 0);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, push_usage, 0);
 
 	if (tags)
 		add_refspec("refs/tags/*");
diff --git a/builtin-read-tree.c b/builtin-read-tree.c
index 38fef34d3..2a3a32cbf 100644
--- a/builtin-read-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-read-tree.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 static int nr_trees;
 static struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
@@ -29,42 +30,39 @@ static int list_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct cache_tree *it, struct tree *tree)
+static const char * const read_tree_usage[] = {
+	"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]]  [--index-output=<file>] <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int index_output_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+				 int unset)
 {
-	struct tree_desc desc;
-	struct name_entry entry;
-	int cnt;
-
-	hashcpy(it->sha1, tree->object.sha1);
-	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
-	cnt = 0;
-	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		if (!S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
-			cnt++;
-		else {
-			struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
-			struct tree *subtree = lookup_tree(entry.sha1);
-			if (!subtree->object.parsed)
-				parse_tree(subtree);
-			sub = cache_tree_sub(it, entry.path);
-			sub->cache_tree = cache_tree();
-			prime_cache_tree_rec(sub->cache_tree, subtree);
-			cnt += sub->cache_tree->entry_count;
-		}
-	}
-	it->entry_count = cnt;
+	set_alternate_index_output(arg);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void prime_cache_tree(void)
+static int exclude_per_directory_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+				    int unset)
 {
-	if (!nr_trees)
-		return;
-	active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
-	prime_cache_tree_rec(active_cache_tree, trees[0]);
+	struct dir_struct *dir;
+	struct unpack_trees_options *opts;
 
-}
+	opts = (struct unpack_trees_options *)opt->value;
 
-static const char read_tree_usage[] = "git read-tree (<sha> | [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u | -i]] [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] [--index-output=<file>] <sha1> [<sha2> [<sha3>]])";
+	if (opts->dir)
+		die("more than one --exclude-per-directory given.");
+
+	dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*opts->dir));
+	dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+	dir->exclude_per_dir = arg;
+	opts->dir = dir;
+	/* We do not need to nor want to do read-directory
+	 * here; we are merely interested in reusing the
+	 * per directory ignore stack mechanism.
+	 */
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static struct lock_file lock_file;
 
@@ -74,6 +72,34 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	int prefix_set = 0;
+	const struct option read_tree_options[] = {
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-output", NULL, "FILE",
+		  "write resulting index to <FILE>",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, index_output_cb },
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&opts.verbose_update),
+		OPT_GROUP("Merging"),
+		OPT_SET_INT('m', NULL, &opts.merge,
+			    "perform a merge in addition to a read", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "trivial", &opts.trivial_merges_only,
+			    "3-way merge if no file level merging required", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "aggressive", &opts.aggressive,
+			    "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "reset", &opts.reset,
+			    "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries", 1),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &opts.prefix, "<subdirectory>/",
+		  "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP },
+		OPT_SET_INT('u', NULL, &opts.update,
+			    "update working tree with merge result", 1),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-per-directory", &opts,
+		  "gitignore",
+		  "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_per_directory_cb },
+		OPT_SET_INT('i', NULL, &opts.index_only,
+			    "don't check the working tree after merging", 1),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = -1;
@@ -82,107 +108,23 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
-
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-
-		/* "-u" means "update", meaning that a merge will update
-		 * the working tree.
-		 */
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-u")) {
-			opts.update = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
-			opts.verbose_update = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, unused_prefix, read_tree_options,
+			     read_tree_usage, 0);
 
-		/* "-i" means "index only", meaning that a merge will
-		 * not even look at the working tree.
-		 */
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-i")) {
-			opts.index_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--index-output=")) {
-			set_alternate_index_output(arg + 15);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* "--prefix=<subdirectory>/" means keep the current index
-		 *  entries and put the entries from the tree under the
-		 * given subdirectory.
-		 */
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--prefix=")) {
-			if (stage || opts.merge || opts.prefix)
-				usage(read_tree_usage);
-			opts.prefix = arg + 9;
-			opts.merge = 1;
-			stage = 1;
-			if (read_cache_unmerged())
-				die("you need to resolve your current index first");
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* This differs from "-m" in that we'll silently ignore
-		 * unmerged entries and overwrite working tree files that
-		 * correspond to them.
-		 */
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--reset")) {
-			if (stage || opts.merge || opts.prefix)
-				usage(read_tree_usage);
-			opts.reset = 1;
-			opts.merge = 1;
-			stage = 1;
-			read_cache_unmerged();
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--trivial")) {
-			opts.trivial_merges_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--aggressive")) {
-			opts.aggressive = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
+	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 
-		/* "-m" stands for "merge", meaning we start in stage 1 */
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-m")) {
-			if (stage || opts.merge || opts.prefix)
-				usage(read_tree_usage);
-			if (read_cache_unmerged())
-				die("you need to resolve your current index first");
-			stage = 1;
-			opts.merge = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
+	prefix_set = opts.prefix ? 1 : 0;
+	if (1 < opts.merge + opts.reset + prefix_set)
+		die("Which one? -m, --reset, or --prefix?");
 
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude-per-directory=")) {
-			struct dir_struct *dir;
-
-			if (opts.dir)
-				die("more than one --exclude-per-directory are given.");
-
-			dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*opts.dir));
-			dir->show_ignored = 1;
-			dir->exclude_per_dir = arg + 24;
-			opts.dir = dir;
-			/* We do not need to nor want to do read-directory
-			 * here; we are merely interested in reusing the
-			 * per directory ignore stack mechanism.
-			 */
-			continue;
-		}
+	if (opts.reset || opts.merge || opts.prefix) {
+		if (read_cache_unmerged() && (opts.prefix || opts.merge))
+			die("You need to resolve your current index first");
+		stage = opts.merge = 1;
+	}
 
-		/* using -u and -i at the same time makes no sense */
-		if (1 < opts.index_only + opts.update)
-			usage(read_tree_usage);
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
 		if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
 			die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
@@ -190,8 +132,11 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 			die("failed to unpack tree object %s", arg);
 		stage++;
 	}
+	if (1 < opts.index_only + opts.update)
+		die("-u and -i at the same time makes no sense");
 	if ((opts.update||opts.index_only) && !opts.merge)
-		usage(read_tree_usage);
+		die("%s is meaningless without -m, --reset, or --prefix",
+		    opts.update ? "-u" : "-i");
 	if ((opts.dir && !opts.update))
 		die("--exclude-per-directory is meaningless unless -u");
 	if (opts.merge && !opts.index_only)
@@ -211,7 +156,6 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 		case 3:
 		default:
 			opts.fn = threeway_merge;
-			cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -221,6 +165,7 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 			opts.head_idx = 1;
 	}
 
+	cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
 		struct tree *tree = trees[i];
 		parse_tree(tree);
@@ -234,11 +179,14 @@ int cmd_read_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 	 * "-m ent" or "--reset ent" form), we can obtain a fully
 	 * valid cache-tree because the index must match exactly
 	 * what came from the tree.
+	 *
+	 * The same holds true if we are switching between two trees
+	 * using read-tree -m A B.  The index must match B after that.
 	 */
-	if (nr_trees && !opts.prefix && (!opts.merge || (stage == 2))) {
-		cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
-		prime_cache_tree();
-	}
+	if (nr_trees == 1 && !opts.prefix)
+		prime_cache_tree(&active_cache_tree, trees[0]);
+	else if (nr_trees == 2 && opts.merge)
+		prime_cache_tree(&active_cache_tree, trees[1]);
 
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
diff --git a/builtin-receive-pack.c b/builtin-receive-pack.c
index db67c3162..78c0e69cd 100644
--- a/builtin-receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-receive-pack.c
@@ -9,25 +9,29 @@
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 
-static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git-receive-pack <git-dir>";
+static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git receive-pack <git-dir>";
 
 enum deny_action {
+	DENY_UNCONFIGURED,
 	DENY_IGNORE,
 	DENY_WARN,
 	DENY_REFUSE,
 };
 
-static int deny_deletes = 0;
-static int deny_non_fast_forwards = 0;
-static enum deny_action deny_current_branch = DENY_WARN;
+static int deny_deletes;
+static int deny_non_fast_forwards;
+static enum deny_action deny_current_branch = DENY_UNCONFIGURED;
+static enum deny_action deny_delete_current = DENY_UNCONFIGURED;
 static int receive_fsck_objects;
 static int receive_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
 static int report_status;
-
-static char capabilities[] = " report-status delete-refs ";
-static int capabilities_sent;
+static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
+static int auto_update_server_info;
+static int auto_gc = 1;
+static const char *head_name;
+static char *capabilities_to_send;
 
 static enum deny_action parse_deny_action(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
@@ -76,24 +80,44 @@ static int receive_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.denydeletecurrent") == 0) {
+		deny_delete_current = parse_deny_action(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "repack.usedeltabaseoffset") == 0) {
+		prefer_ofs_delta = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.updateserverinfo") == 0) {
+		auto_update_server_info = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "receive.autogc") == 0) {
+		auto_gc = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static int show_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
-	if (capabilities_sent)
+	if (!capabilities_to_send)
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
 	else
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s\n",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), path, 0, capabilities);
-	capabilities_sent = 1;
+			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), path, 0, capabilities_to_send);
+	capabilities_to_send = NULL;
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static void write_head_info(void)
 {
 	for_each_ref(show_ref, NULL);
-	if (!capabilities_sent)
+	if (capabilities_to_send)
 		show_ref("capabilities^{}", null_sha1, 0, NULL);
 
 }
@@ -111,32 +135,7 @@ static struct command *commands;
 static const char pre_receive_hook[] = "hooks/pre-receive";
 static const char post_receive_hook[] = "hooks/post-receive";
 
-static int hook_status(int code, const char *hook_name)
-{
-	switch (code) {
-	case 0:
-		return 0;
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK:
-		return error("hook fork failed");
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC:
-		return error("hook execute failed");
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE:
-		return error("hook pipe failed");
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID:
-		return error("waitpid failed");
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID:
-		return error("waitpid is confused");
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL:
-		return error("%s died of signal", hook_name);
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT:
-		return error("%s died strangely", hook_name);
-	default:
-		error("%s exited with error code %d", hook_name, -code);
-		return -code;
-	}
-}
-
-static int run_hook(const char *hook_name)
+static int run_receive_hook(const char *hook_name)
 {
 	static char buf[sizeof(commands->old_sha1) * 2 + PATH_MAX + 4];
 	struct command *cmd;
@@ -162,7 +161,7 @@ static int run_hook(const char *hook_name)
 
 	code = start_command(&proc);
 	if (code)
-		return hook_status(code, hook_name);
+		return code;
 	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		if (!cmd->error_string) {
 			size_t n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s %s\n",
@@ -174,13 +173,12 @@ static int run_hook(const char *hook_name)
 		}
 	}
 	close(proc.in);
-	return hook_status(finish_command(&proc), hook_name);
+	return finish_command(&proc);
 }
 
 static int run_update_hook(struct command *cmd)
 {
 	static const char update_hook[] = "hooks/update";
-	struct child_process proc;
 	const char *argv[5];
 
 	if (access(update_hook, X_OK) < 0)
@@ -192,26 +190,73 @@ static int run_update_hook(struct command *cmd)
 	argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->new_sha1);
 	argv[4] = NULL;
 
-	memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
-	proc.argv = argv;
-	proc.no_stdin = 1;
-	proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
-
-	return hook_status(run_command(&proc), update_hook);
+	return run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN |
+					RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR);
 }
 
 static int is_ref_checked_out(const char *ref)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	const char *head;
-
 	if (is_bare_repository())
 		return 0;
 
-	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
-	if (!head)
+	if (!head_name)
 		return 0;
-	return !strcmp(head, ref);
+	return !strcmp(head_name, ref);
+}
+
+static char *warn_unconfigured_deny_msg[] = {
+	"Updating the currently checked out branch may cause confusion,",
+	"as the index and work tree do not reflect changes that are in HEAD.",
+	"As a result, you may see the changes you just pushed into it",
+	"reverted when you run 'git diff' over there, and you may want",
+	"to run 'git reset --hard' before starting to work to recover.",
+	"",
+	"You can set 'receive.denyCurrentBranch' configuration variable to",
+	"'refuse' in the remote repository to forbid pushing into its",
+	"current branch."
+	"",
+	"To allow pushing into the current branch, you can set it to 'ignore';",
+	"but this is not recommended unless you arranged to update its work",
+	"tree to match what you pushed in some other way.",
+	"",
+	"To squelch this message, you can set it to 'warn'.",
+	"",
+	"Note that the default will change in a future version of git",
+	"to refuse updating the current branch unless you have the",
+	"configuration variable set to either 'ignore' or 'warn'."
+};
+
+static void warn_unconfigured_deny(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(warn_unconfigured_deny_msg); i++)
+		warning("%s", warn_unconfigured_deny_msg[i]);
+}
+
+static char *warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg[] = {
+	"Deleting the current branch can cause confusion by making the next",
+	"'git clone' not check out any file.",
+	"",
+	"You can set 'receive.denyDeleteCurrent' configuration variable to",
+	"'refuse' in the remote repository to disallow deleting the current",
+	"branch.",
+	"",
+	"You can set it to 'ignore' to allow such a delete without a warning.",
+	"",
+	"To make this warning message less loud, you can set it to 'warn'.",
+	"",
+	"Note that the default will change in a future version of git",
+	"to refuse deleting the current branch unless you have the",
+	"configuration variable set to either 'ignore' or 'warn'."
+};
+
+static void warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0;
+	     i < ARRAY_SIZE(warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg);
+	     i++)
+		warning("%s", warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current_msg[i]);
 }
 
 static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
@@ -227,22 +272,20 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
 		return "funny refname";
 	}
 
-	switch (deny_current_branch) {
-	case DENY_IGNORE:
-		break;
-	case DENY_WARN:
-		if (!is_ref_checked_out(name))
+	if (is_ref_checked_out(name)) {
+		switch (deny_current_branch) {
+		case DENY_IGNORE:
 			break;
-		warning("updating the currently checked out branch; this may"
-			" cause confusion,\n"
-			"as the index and working tree do not reflect changes"
-			" that are now in HEAD.");
-		break;
-	case DENY_REFUSE:
-		if (!is_ref_checked_out(name))
+		case DENY_UNCONFIGURED:
+		case DENY_WARN:
+			warning("updating the current branch");
+			if (deny_current_branch == DENY_UNCONFIGURED)
+				warn_unconfigured_deny();
 			break;
-		error("refusing to update checked out branch: %s", name);
-		return "branch is currently checked out";
+		case DENY_REFUSE:
+			error("refusing to update checked out branch: %s", name);
+			return "branch is currently checked out";
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (!is_null_sha1(new_sha1) && !has_sha1_file(new_sha1)) {
@@ -250,12 +293,30 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
 		      "but I can't find it!", sha1_to_hex(new_sha1));
 		return "bad pack";
 	}
-	if (deny_deletes && is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
-	    !is_null_sha1(old_sha1) &&
-	    !prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
-		error("denying ref deletion for %s", name);
-		return "deletion prohibited";
+
+	if (!is_null_sha1(old_sha1) && is_null_sha1(new_sha1)) {
+		if (deny_deletes && !prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
+			error("denying ref deletion for %s", name);
+			return "deletion prohibited";
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(name, head_name)) {
+			switch (deny_delete_current) {
+			case DENY_IGNORE:
+				break;
+			case DENY_WARN:
+			case DENY_UNCONFIGURED:
+				if (deny_delete_current == DENY_UNCONFIGURED)
+					warn_unconfigured_deny_delete_current();
+				warning("deleting the current branch");
+				break;
+			case DENY_REFUSE:
+				error("refusing to delete the current branch: %s", name);
+				return "deletion of the current branch prohibited";
+			}
+		}
 	}
+
 	if (deny_non_fast_forwards && !is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
 	    !is_null_sha1(old_sha1) &&
 	    !prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
@@ -280,9 +341,9 @@ static const char *update(struct command *cmd)
 				break;
 		free_commit_list(bases);
 		if (!ent) {
-			error("denying non-fast forward %s"
+			error("denying non-fast-forward %s"
 			      " (you should pull first)", name);
-			return "non-fast forward";
+			return "non-fast-forward";
 		}
 	}
 	if (run_update_hook(cmd)) {
@@ -319,7 +380,7 @@ static char update_post_hook[] = "hooks/post-update";
 static void run_update_post_hook(struct command *cmd)
 {
 	struct command *cmd_p;
-	int argc;
+	int argc, status;
 	const char **argv;
 
 	for (argc = 0, cmd_p = cmd; cmd_p; cmd_p = cmd_p->next) {
@@ -342,13 +403,14 @@ static void run_update_post_hook(struct command *cmd)
 		argc++;
 	}
 	argv[argc] = NULL;
-	run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN
-		| RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR);
+	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN
+			| RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR);
 }
 
 static void execute_commands(const char *unpacker_error)
 {
 	struct command *cmd = commands;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	if (unpacker_error) {
 		while (cmd) {
@@ -358,7 +420,7 @@ static void execute_commands(const char *unpacker_error)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (run_hook(pre_receive_hook)) {
+	if (run_receive_hook(pre_receive_hook)) {
 		while (cmd) {
 			cmd->error_string = "pre-receive hook declined";
 			cmd = cmd->next;
@@ -366,6 +428,8 @@ static void execute_commands(const char *unpacker_error)
 		return;
 	}
 
+	head_name = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
+
 	while (cmd) {
 		cmd->error_string = update(cmd);
 		cmd = cmd->next;
@@ -456,24 +520,9 @@ static const char *unpack(void)
 		unpacker[i++] = hdr_arg;
 		unpacker[i++] = NULL;
 		code = run_command_v_opt(unpacker, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-		switch (code) {
-		case 0:
+		if (!code)
 			return NULL;
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK:
-			return "unpack fork failed";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC:
-			return "unpack execute failed";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID:
-			return "waitpid failed";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID:
-			return "waitpid is confused";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL:
-			return "unpacker died of signal";
-		case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT:
-			return "unpacker died strangely";
-		default:
-			return "unpacker exited with error code";
-		}
+		return "unpack-objects abnormal exit";
 	} else {
 		const char *keeper[7];
 		int s, status, i = 0;
@@ -496,8 +545,10 @@ static const char *unpack(void)
 		ip.argv = keeper;
 		ip.out = -1;
 		ip.git_cmd = 1;
-		if (start_command(&ip))
+		status = start_command(&ip);
+		if (status) {
 			return "index-pack fork failed";
+		}
 		pack_lockfile = index_pack_lockfile(ip.out);
 		close(ip.out);
 		status = finish_command(&ip);
@@ -576,6 +627,8 @@ static void add_alternate_refs(void)
 
 int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	int advertise_refs = 0;
+	int stateless_rpc = 0;
 	int i;
 	char *dir = NULL;
 
@@ -584,7 +637,15 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		const char *arg = *argv++;
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
-			/* Do flag handling here */
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--advertise-refs")) {
+				advertise_refs = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--stateless-rpc")) {
+				stateless_rpc = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+
 			usage(receive_pack_usage);
 		}
 		if (dir)
@@ -597,7 +658,7 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	setup_path();
 
 	if (!enter_repo(dir, 0))
-		die("'%s': unable to chdir or not a git archive", dir);
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
 
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
 		die("attempt to push into a shallow repository");
@@ -609,12 +670,20 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else if (0 <= receive_unpack_limit)
 		unpack_limit = receive_unpack_limit;
 
-	add_alternate_refs();
-	write_head_info();
-	clear_extra_refs();
+	capabilities_to_send = (prefer_ofs_delta) ?
+		" report-status delete-refs ofs-delta " :
+		" report-status delete-refs ";
 
-	/* EOF */
-	packet_flush(1);
+	if (advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc) {
+		add_alternate_refs();
+		write_head_info();
+		clear_extra_refs();
+
+		/* EOF */
+		packet_flush(1);
+	}
+	if (advertise_refs)
+		return 0;
 
 	read_head_info();
 	if (commands) {
@@ -624,11 +693,19 @@ int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			unpack_status = unpack();
 		execute_commands(unpack_status);
 		if (pack_lockfile)
-			unlink(pack_lockfile);
+			unlink_or_warn(pack_lockfile);
 		if (report_status)
 			report(unpack_status);
-		run_hook(post_receive_hook);
+		run_receive_hook(post_receive_hook);
 		run_update_post_hook(commands);
+		if (auto_gc) {
+			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {
+				"gc", "--auto", "--quiet", NULL,
+			};
+			run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		}
+		if (auto_update_server_info)
+			update_server_info(0);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-reflog.c b/builtin-reflog.c
index d95f515f2..749821078 100644
--- a/builtin-reflog.c
+++ b/builtin-reflog.c
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ struct collect_reflog_cb {
 
 #define INCOMPLETE	(1u<<10)
 #define STUDYING	(1u<<11)
+#define REACHABLE	(1u<<12)
 
 static int tree_is_complete(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -209,6 +210,70 @@ static int keep_entry(struct commit **it, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int unreachable(struct expire_reflog_cb *cb, struct commit *commit, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We may or may not have the commit yet - if not, look it
+	 * up using the supplied sha1.
+	 */
+	if (!commit) {
+		if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+			return 0;
+
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+
+		/* Not a commit -- keep it */
+		if (!commit)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Reachable from the current ref?  Don't prune. */
+	if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
+		return 0;
+	if (in_merge_bases(commit, &cb->ref_commit, 1))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* We can't reach it - prune it. */
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void mark_reachable(struct commit *commit, unsigned long expire_limit)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We need to compute whether the commit on either side of a reflog
+	 * entry is reachable from the tip of the ref for all entries.
+	 * Mark commits that are reachable from the tip down to the
+	 * time threshold first; we know a commit marked thusly is
+	 * reachable from the tip without running in_merge_bases()
+	 * at all.
+	 */
+	struct commit_list *pending = NULL;
+
+	commit_list_insert(commit, &pending);
+	while (pending) {
+		struct commit_list *entry = pending;
+		struct commit_list *parent;
+		pending = entry->next;
+		commit = entry->item;
+		free(entry);
+		if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
+			continue;
+		if (parse_commit(commit))
+			continue;
+		commit->object.flags |= REACHABLE;
+		if (commit->date < expire_limit)
+			continue;
+		parent = commit->parents;
+		while (parent) {
+			commit = parent->item;
+			parent = parent->next;
+			if (commit->object.flags & REACHABLE)
+				continue;
+			commit_list_insert(commit, &pending);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 		const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
 		const char *message, void *cb_data)
@@ -230,12 +295,7 @@ static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 	if (timestamp < cb->cmd->expire_unreachable) {
 		if (!cb->ref_commit)
 			goto prune;
-		if (!old && !is_null_sha1(osha1))
-			old = lookup_commit_reference_gently(osha1, 1);
-		if (!new && !is_null_sha1(nsha1))
-			new = lookup_commit_reference_gently(nsha1, 1);
-		if ((old && !in_merge_bases(old, &cb->ref_commit, 1)) ||
-		    (new && !in_merge_bases(new, &cb->ref_commit, 1)))
+		if (unreachable(cb, old, osha1) || unreachable(cb, new, nsha1))
 			goto prune;
 	}
 
@@ -288,7 +348,11 @@ static int expire_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused,
 	cb.ref_commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
 	cb.ref = ref;
 	cb.cmd = cmd;
+	if (cb.ref_commit)
+		mark_reachable(cb.ref_commit, cmd->expire_total);
 	for_each_reflog_ent(ref, expire_reflog_ent, &cb);
+	if (cb.ref_commit)
+		clear_commit_marks(cb.ref_commit, REACHABLE);
  finish:
 	if (cb.newlog) {
 		if (fclose(cb.newlog)) {
@@ -298,7 +362,7 @@ static int expire_reflog(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha1, int unused,
 		} else if (cmd->updateref &&
 			(write_in_full(lock->lock_fd,
 				sha1_to_hex(cb.last_kept_sha1), 40) != 40 ||
-			 write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, "\n", 1) != 1 ||
+			 write_str_in_full(lock->lock_fd, "\n") != 1 ||
 			 close_ref(lock) < 0)) {
 			status |= error("Couldn't write %s",
 				lock->lk->filename);
@@ -630,10 +694,13 @@ static int cmd_reflog_delete(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
  */
 
 static const char reflog_usage[] =
-"git reflog (expire | ...)";
+"git reflog [ show | expire | delete ]";
 
 int cmd_reflog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(reflog_usage);
+
 	/* With no command, we default to showing it. */
 	if (argc < 2 || *argv[1] == '-')
 		return cmd_log_reflog(argc, argv, prefix);
diff --git a/builtin-remote.c b/builtin-remote.c
index abc8dd838..c4945b870 100644
--- a/builtin-remote.c
+++ b/builtin-remote.c
@@ -12,15 +12,56 @@ static const char * const builtin_remote_usage[] = {
 	"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--mirror] <name> <url>",
 	"git remote rename <old> <new>",
 	"git remote rm <name>",
-	"git remote show [-n] <name>",
+	"git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)",
+	"git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>",
 	"git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>",
-	"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [group]",
+	"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [group | remote]",
 	NULL
 };
 
+static const char * const builtin_remote_add_usage[] = {
+	"git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_remote_rename_usage[] = {
+	"git remote rename <old> <new>",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_remote_rm_usage[] = {
+	"git remote rm <name>",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_remote_sethead_usage[] = {
+	"git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_remote_show_usage[] = {
+	"git remote show [<options>] <name>",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_remote_prune_usage[] = {
+	"git remote prune [<options>] <name>",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static const char * const builtin_remote_update_usage[] = {
+	"git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]...",
+	NULL
+};
+
+#define GET_REF_STATES (1<<0)
+#define GET_HEAD_NAMES (1<<1)
+#define GET_PUSH_REF_STATES (1<<2)
+
 static int verbose;
 
 static int show_all(void);
+static int prune_remote(const char *remote, int dry_run);
 
 static inline int postfixcmp(const char *string, const char *postfix)
 {
@@ -64,7 +105,6 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 	int i;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_GROUP("add specific options"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "fetch", &fetch, "fetch the remote branches"),
 		OPT_CALLBACK('t', "track", &track, "branch",
 			"branch(es) to track", opt_parse_track),
@@ -73,10 +113,11 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, builtin_remote_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_add_usage,
+			     0);
 
 	if (argc < 2)
-		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_add_usage, options);
 
 	name = argv[0];
 	url = argv[1];
@@ -143,8 +184,9 @@ static int add(int argc, const char **argv)
 }
 
 struct branch_info {
-	char *remote;
+	char *remote_name;
 	struct string_list merge;
+	int rebase;
 };
 
 static struct string_list branch_list;
@@ -161,10 +203,11 @@ static const char *abbrev_ref(const char *name, const char *prefix)
 static int config_read_branches(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!prefixcmp(key, "branch.")) {
+		const char *orig_key = key;
 		char *name;
 		struct string_list_item *item;
 		struct branch_info *info;
-		enum { REMOTE, MERGE } type;
+		enum { REMOTE, MERGE, REBASE } type;
 
 		key += 7;
 		if (!postfixcmp(key, ".remote")) {
@@ -173,6 +216,9 @@ static int config_read_branches(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 		} else if (!postfixcmp(key, ".merge")) {
 			name = xstrndup(key, strlen(key) - 6);
 			type = MERGE;
+		} else if (!postfixcmp(key, ".rebase")) {
+			name = xstrndup(key, strlen(key) - 7);
+			type = REBASE;
 		} else
 			return 0;
 
@@ -182,10 +228,10 @@ static int config_read_branches(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 			item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct branch_info), 1);
 		info = item->util;
 		if (type == REMOTE) {
-			if (info->remote)
-				warning("more than one branch.%s", key);
-			info->remote = xstrdup(value);
-		} else {
+			if (info->remote_name)
+				warning("more than one %s", orig_key);
+			info->remote_name = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (type == MERGE) {
 			char *space = strchr(value, ' ');
 			value = abbrev_branch(value);
 			while (space) {
@@ -196,7 +242,8 @@ static int config_read_branches(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 				space = strchr(value, ' ');
 			}
 			string_list_append(xstrdup(value), &info->merge);
-		}
+		} else
+			info->rebase = git_config_bool(orig_key, value);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -206,71 +253,167 @@ static void read_branches(void)
 	if (branch_list.nr)
 		return;
 	git_config(config_read_branches, NULL);
-	sort_string_list(&branch_list);
 }
 
 struct ref_states {
 	struct remote *remote;
-	struct string_list new, stale, tracked;
+	struct string_list new, stale, tracked, heads, push;
+	int queried;
 };
 
-static int handle_one_branch(const char *refname,
-	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct ref_states *states = cb_data;
-	struct refspec refspec;
-
-	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
-	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
-	if (!remote_find_tracking(states->remote, &refspec)) {
-		struct string_list_item *item;
-		const char *name = abbrev_branch(refspec.src);
-		/* symbolic refs pointing nowhere were handled already */
-		if ((flags & REF_ISSYMREF) ||
-				unsorted_string_list_has_string(&states->tracked,
-					name) ||
-				unsorted_string_list_has_string(&states->new,
-					name))
-			return 0;
-		item = string_list_append(name, &states->stale);
-		item->util = xstrdup(refname);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int get_ref_states(const struct ref *ref, struct ref_states *states)
+static int get_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs, struct ref_states *states)
 {
 	struct ref *fetch_map = NULL, **tail = &fetch_map;
+	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs;
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < states->remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
-		if (get_fetch_map(ref, states->remote->fetch + i, &tail, 1))
+		if (get_fetch_map(remote_refs, states->remote->fetch + i, &tail, 1))
 			die("Could not get fetch map for refspec %s",
 				states->remote->fetch_refspec[i]);
 
-	states->new.strdup_strings = states->tracked.strdup_strings = 1;
+	states->new.strdup_strings = 1;
+	states->tracked.strdup_strings = 1;
+	states->stale.strdup_strings = 1;
 	for (ref = fetch_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		struct string_list *target = &states->tracked;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		void *util = NULL;
-
 		if (!ref->peer_ref || read_ref(ref->peer_ref->name, sha1))
-			target = &states->new;
-		else {
-			target = &states->tracked;
-			if (hashcmp(sha1, ref->new_sha1))
-				util = &states;
-		}
-		string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), target)->util = util;
+			string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), &states->new);
+		else
+			string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), &states->tracked);
+	}
+	stale_refs = get_stale_heads(states->remote, fetch_map);
+	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		struct string_list_item *item =
+			string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), &states->stale);
+		item->util = xstrdup(ref->name);
 	}
+	free_refs(stale_refs);
 	free_refs(fetch_map);
 
-	for_each_ref(handle_one_branch, states);
+	sort_string_list(&states->new);
+	sort_string_list(&states->tracked);
 	sort_string_list(&states->stale);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct push_info {
+	char *dest;
+	int forced;
+	enum {
+		PUSH_STATUS_CREATE = 0,
+		PUSH_STATUS_DELETE,
+		PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE,
+		PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD,
+		PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE,
+		PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED,
+	} status;
+};
+
+static int get_push_ref_states(const struct ref *remote_refs,
+	struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	struct remote *remote = states->remote;
+	struct ref *ref, *local_refs, *push_map;
+	if (remote->mirror)
+		return 0;
+
+	local_refs = get_local_heads();
+	push_map = copy_ref_list(remote_refs);
+
+	match_refs(local_refs, &push_map, remote->push_refspec_nr,
+		   remote->push_refspec, MATCH_REFS_NONE);
+
+	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
+	for (ref = push_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+		struct push_info *info;
+
+		if (!ref->peer_ref)
+			continue;
+		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+
+		item = string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->peer_ref->name),
+					  &states->push);
+		item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
+		info = item->util;
+		info->forced = ref->force;
+		info->dest = xstrdup(abbrev_branch(ref->name));
+
+		if (is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1)) {
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_DELETE;
+		} else if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1))
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE;
+		else if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1))
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_CREATE;
+		else if (has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) &&
+			 ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1))
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD;
+		else
+			info->status = PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE;
+	}
+	free_refs(local_refs);
+	free_refs(push_map);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_push_ref_states_noquery(struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct remote *remote = states->remote;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct push_info *info;
+
+	if (remote->mirror)
+		return 0;
+
+	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
+	if (!remote->push_refspec_nr) {
+		item = string_list_append("(matching)", &states->push);
+		info = item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
+		info->status = PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED;
+		info->dest = xstrdup(item->string);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < remote->push_refspec_nr; i++) {
+		struct refspec *spec = remote->push + i;
+		if (spec->matching)
+			item = string_list_append("(matching)", &states->push);
+		else if (strlen(spec->src))
+			item = string_list_append(spec->src, &states->push);
+		else
+			item = string_list_append("(delete)", &states->push);
+
+		info = item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
+		info->forced = spec->force;
+		info->status = PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED;
+		info->dest = xstrdup(spec->dst ? spec->dst : item->string);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_head_names(const struct ref *remote_refs, struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	struct ref *ref, *matches;
+	struct ref *fetch_map = NULL, **fetch_map_tail = &fetch_map;
+	struct refspec refspec;
+
+	refspec.force = 0;
+	refspec.pattern = 1;
+	refspec.src = refspec.dst = "refs/heads/*";
+	states->heads.strdup_strings = 1;
+	get_fetch_map(remote_refs, &refspec, &fetch_map_tail, 0);
+	matches = guess_remote_head(find_ref_by_name(remote_refs, "HEAD"),
+				    fetch_map, 1);
+	for (ref = matches; ref; ref = ref->next)
+		string_list_append(abbrev_branch(ref->name), &states->heads);
+
+	free_refs(fetch_map);
+	free_refs(matches);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 struct known_remote {
 	struct known_remote *next;
 	struct remote *remote;
@@ -298,7 +441,7 @@ static int add_known_remote(struct remote *remote, void *cb_data)
 
 struct branches_for_remote {
 	struct remote *remote;
-	struct string_list *branches;
+	struct string_list *branches, *skipped;
 	struct known_remotes *keep;
 };
 
@@ -323,6 +466,16 @@ static int add_branch_for_removal(const char *refname,
 			return 0;
 	}
 
+	/* don't delete non-remote refs */
+	if (prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes")) {
+		/* advise user how to delete local branches */
+		if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/"))
+			string_list_append(abbrev_branch(refname),
+					   branches->skipped);
+		/* silently skip over other non-remote refs */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	/* make sure that symrefs are deleted */
 	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
 		return unlink(git_path("%s", refname));
@@ -351,7 +504,7 @@ static int read_remote_branches(const char *refname,
 	const char *symref;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s", rename->old);
-	if(!prefixcmp(refname, buf.buf)) {
+	if (!prefixcmp(refname, buf.buf)) {
 		item = string_list_append(xstrdup(refname), rename->remote_branches);
 		symref = resolve_ref(refname, orig_sha1, 1, &flag);
 		if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
@@ -390,8 +543,8 @@ static int migrate_file(struct remote *remote)
 		path = git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name);
 	else if (remote->origin == REMOTE_BRANCHES)
 		path = git_path("branches/%s", remote->name);
-	if (path && unlink(path))
-		warning("failed to remove '%s'", path);
+	if (path)
+		unlink_or_warn(path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -407,7 +560,7 @@ static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
 	int i;
 
 	if (argc != 3)
-		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_rename_usage, options);
 
 	rename.old = argv[1];
 	rename.new = argv[2];
@@ -456,7 +609,7 @@ static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
 	for (i = 0; i < branch_list.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *item = branch_list.items + i;
 		struct branch_info *info = item->util;
-		if (info->remote && !strcmp(info->remote, rename.old)) {
+		if (info->remote_name && !strcmp(info->remote_name, rename.old)) {
 			strbuf_reset(&buf);
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.remote", item->string);
 			if (git_config_set(buf.buf, rename.new)) {
@@ -474,9 +627,8 @@ static int mv(int argc, const char **argv)
 		struct string_list_item *item = remote_branches.items + i;
 		int flag = 0;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		const char *symref;
 
-		symref = resolve_ref(item->string, sha1, 1, &flag);
+		resolve_ref(item->string, sha1, 1, &flag);
 		if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
 			continue;
 		if (delete_ref(item->string, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
@@ -542,11 +694,14 @@ static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct known_remotes known_remotes = { NULL, NULL };
 	struct string_list branches = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
-	struct branches_for_remote cb_data = { NULL, &branches, &known_remotes };
-	int i;
+	struct string_list skipped = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	struct branches_for_remote cb_data = {
+		NULL, &branches, &skipped, &known_remotes
+	};
+	int i, result;
 
 	if (argc != 2)
-		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_rm_usage, options);
 
 	remote = remote_get(argv[1]);
 	if (!remote)
@@ -563,7 +718,7 @@ static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
 	for (i = 0; i < branch_list.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *item = branch_list.items + i;
 		struct branch_info *info = item->util;
-		if (info->remote && !strcmp(info->remote, remote->name)) {
+		if (info->remote_name && !strcmp(info->remote_name, remote->name)) {
 			const char *keys[] = { "remote", "merge", NULL }, **k;
 			for (k = keys; *k; k++) {
 				strbuf_reset(&buf);
@@ -583,28 +738,59 @@ static int rm(int argc, const char **argv)
 	 * refs, which are invalidated when deleting a branch.
 	 */
 	cb_data.remote = remote;
-	i = for_each_ref(add_branch_for_removal, &cb_data);
+	result = for_each_ref(add_branch_for_removal, &cb_data);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
-	if (!i)
-		i = remove_branches(&branches);
+	if (!result)
+		result = remove_branches(&branches);
 	string_list_clear(&branches, 1);
 
-	return i;
+	if (skipped.nr) {
+		fprintf(stderr, skipped.nr == 1 ?
+			"Note: A non-remote branch was not removed; "
+			"to delete it, use:\n" :
+			"Note: Non-remote branches were not removed; "
+			"to delete them, use:\n");
+		for (i = 0; i < skipped.nr; i++)
+			fprintf(stderr, "  git branch -d %s\n",
+				skipped.items[i].string);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&skipped, 0);
+
+	return result;
 }
 
-static void show_list(const char *title, struct string_list *list,
-		      const char *extra_arg)
+static void clear_push_info(void *util, const char *string)
 {
-	int i;
+	struct push_info *info = util;
+	free(info->dest);
+	free(info);
+}
 
-	if (!list->nr)
-		return;
+static void free_remote_ref_states(struct ref_states *states)
+{
+	string_list_clear(&states->new, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&states->stale, 1);
+	string_list_clear(&states->tracked, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&states->heads, 0);
+	string_list_clear_func(&states->push, clear_push_info);
+}
+
+static int append_ref_to_tracked_list(const char *refname,
+	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref_states *states = cb_data;
+	struct refspec refspec;
 
-	printf(title, list->nr > 1 ? "es" : "", extra_arg);
-	printf("\n");
-	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
-		printf("    %s\n", list->items[i].string);
+	if (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
+		return 0;
+
+	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
+	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(states->remote, &refspec))
+		string_list_append(abbrev_branch(refspec.src), &states->tracked);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int get_remote_ref_states(const char *name,
@@ -612,7 +798,7 @@ static int get_remote_ref_states(const char *name,
 				 int query)
 {
 	struct transport *transport;
-	const struct ref *ref;
+	const struct ref *remote_refs;
 
 	states->remote = remote_get(name);
 	if (!states->remote)
@@ -621,104 +807,348 @@ static int get_remote_ref_states(const char *name,
 	read_branches();
 
 	if (query) {
-		transport = transport_get(NULL, states->remote->url_nr > 0 ?
+		transport = transport_get(states->remote, states->remote->url_nr > 0 ?
 			states->remote->url[0] : NULL);
-		ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
+		remote_refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
 		transport_disconnect(transport);
 
-		get_ref_states(ref, states);
+		states->queried = 1;
+		if (query & GET_REF_STATES)
+			get_ref_states(remote_refs, states);
+		if (query & GET_HEAD_NAMES)
+			get_head_names(remote_refs, states);
+		if (query & GET_PUSH_REF_STATES)
+			get_push_ref_states(remote_refs, states);
+	} else {
+		for_each_ref(append_ref_to_tracked_list, states);
+		sort_string_list(&states->tracked);
+		get_push_ref_states_noquery(states);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int append_ref_to_tracked_list(const char *refname,
-	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+struct show_info {
+	struct string_list *list;
+	struct ref_states *states;
+	int width, width2;
+	int any_rebase;
+};
+
+static int add_remote_to_show_info(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct ref_states *states = cb_data;
-	struct refspec refspec;
+	struct show_info *info = cb_data;
+	int n = strlen(item->string);
+	if (n > info->width)
+		info->width = n;
+	string_list_insert(item->string, info->list);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
-	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
-	if (!remote_find_tracking(states->remote, &refspec))
-		string_list_append(abbrev_branch(refspec.src), &states->tracked);
+static int show_remote_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *info = cb_data;
+	struct ref_states *states = info->states;
+	const char *name = item->string;
+
+	if (states->queried) {
+		const char *fmt = "%s";
+		const char *arg = "";
+		if (string_list_has_string(&states->new, name)) {
+			fmt = " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)";
+			arg = states->remote->name;
+		} else if (string_list_has_string(&states->tracked, name))
+			arg = " tracked";
+		else if (string_list_has_string(&states->stale, name))
+			arg = " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)";
+		else
+			arg = " ???";
+		printf("    %-*s", info->width, name);
+		printf(fmt, arg);
+		printf("\n");
+	} else
+		printf("    %s\n", name);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_local_to_show_info(struct string_list_item *branch_item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct ref_states *states = show_info->states;
+	struct branch_info *branch_info = branch_item->util;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int n;
+
+	if (!branch_info->merge.nr || !branch_info->remote_name ||
+	    strcmp(states->remote->name, branch_info->remote_name))
+		return 0;
+	if ((n = strlen(branch_item->string)) > show_info->width)
+		show_info->width = n;
+	if (branch_info->rebase)
+		show_info->any_rebase = 1;
+
+	item = string_list_insert(branch_item->string, show_info->list);
+	item->util = branch_info;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int show_local_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct branch_info *branch_info = item->util;
+	struct string_list *merge = &branch_info->merge;
+	const char *also;
+	int i;
+
+	if (branch_info->rebase && branch_info->merge.nr > 1) {
+		error("invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch",
+			item->string);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	printf("    %-*s ", show_info->width, item->string);
+	if (branch_info->rebase) {
+		printf("rebases onto remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
+		return 0;
+	} else if (show_info->any_rebase) {
+		printf(" merges with remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
+		also = "    and with remote";
+	} else {
+		printf("merges with remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
+		also = "   and with remote";
+	}
+	for (i = 1; i < merge->nr; i++)
+		printf("    %-*s %s %s\n", show_info->width, "", also,
+		       merge->items[i].string);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_push_to_show_info(struct string_list_item *push_item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct push_info *push_info = push_item->util;
+	struct string_list_item *item;
+	int n;
+	if ((n = strlen(push_item->string)) > show_info->width)
+		show_info->width = n;
+	if ((n = strlen(push_info->dest)) > show_info->width2)
+		show_info->width2 = n;
+	item = string_list_append(push_item->string, show_info->list);
+	item->util = push_item->util;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Sorting comparison for a string list that has push_info
+ * structs in its util field
+ */
+static int cmp_string_with_push(const void *va, const void *vb)
+{
+	const struct string_list_item *a = va;
+	const struct string_list_item *b = vb;
+	const struct push_info *a_push = a->util;
+	const struct push_info *b_push = b->util;
+	int cmp = strcmp(a->string, b->string);
+	return cmp ? cmp : strcmp(a_push->dest, b_push->dest);
+}
+
+static int show_push_info_item(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
+	struct push_info *push_info = item->util;
+	char *src = item->string, *status = NULL;
+
+	switch (push_info->status) {
+	case PUSH_STATUS_CREATE:
+		status = "create";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_DELETE:
+		status = "delete";
+		src = "(none)";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		status = "up to date";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD:
+		status = "fast-forwardable";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE:
+		status = "local out of date";
+		break;
+	case PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED:
+		break;
+	}
+	if (status)
+		printf("    %-*s %s to %-*s (%s)\n", show_info->width, src,
+			push_info->forced ? "forces" : "pushes",
+			show_info->width2, push_info->dest, status);
+	else
+		printf("    %-*s %s to %s\n", show_info->width, src,
+			push_info->forced ? "forces" : "pushes",
+			push_info->dest);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int show(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	int no_query = 0, result = 0;
+	int no_query = 0, result = 0, query_flag = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_GROUP("show specific options"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &no_query, "do not query remotes"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	struct ref_states states;
+	struct string_list info_list = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct show_info info;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, builtin_remote_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_show_usage,
+			     0);
 
 	if (argc < 1)
 		return show_all();
 
+	if (!no_query)
+		query_flag = (GET_REF_STATES | GET_HEAD_NAMES | GET_PUSH_REF_STATES);
+
 	memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
+	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+	info.states = &states;
+	info.list = &info_list;
 	for (; argc; argc--, argv++) {
 		int i;
+		const char **url;
+		int url_nr;
 
-		get_remote_ref_states(*argv, &states, !no_query);
-
-		printf("* remote %s\n  URL: %s\n", *argv,
-			states.remote->url_nr > 0 ?
-				states.remote->url[0] : "(no URL)");
-
-		for (i = 0; i < branch_list.nr; i++) {
-			struct string_list_item *branch = branch_list.items + i;
-			struct branch_info *info = branch->util;
-			int j;
-
-			if (!info->merge.nr || strcmp(*argv, info->remote))
-				continue;
-			printf("  Remote branch%s merged with 'git pull' "
-				"while on branch %s\n   ",
-				info->merge.nr > 1 ? "es" : "",
-				branch->string);
-			for (j = 0; j < info->merge.nr; j++)
-				printf(" %s", info->merge.items[j].string);
-			printf("\n");
-		}
+		get_remote_ref_states(*argv, &states, query_flag);
 
-		if (!no_query) {
-			show_list("  New remote branch%s (next fetch "
-				"will store in remotes/%s)",
-				&states.new, states.remote->name);
-			show_list("  Stale tracking branch%s (use 'git remote "
-				"prune')", &states.stale, "");
+		printf("* remote %s\n", *argv);
+		printf("  Fetch URL: %s\n", states.remote->url_nr > 0 ?
+			states.remote->url[0] : "(no URL)");
+		if (states.remote->pushurl_nr) {
+			url = states.remote->pushurl;
+			url_nr = states.remote->pushurl_nr;
+		} else {
+			url = states.remote->url;
+			url_nr = states.remote->url_nr;
 		}
-
+		for (i=0; i < url_nr; i++)
+			printf("  Push  URL: %s\n", url[i]);
+		if (!i)
+			printf("  Push  URL: %s\n", "(no URL)");
 		if (no_query)
-			for_each_ref(append_ref_to_tracked_list, &states);
-		show_list("  Tracked remote branch%s", &states.tracked, "");
-
-		if (states.remote->push_refspec_nr) {
-			printf("  Local branch%s pushed with 'git push'\n",
-				states.remote->push_refspec_nr > 1 ?
-					"es" : "");
-			for (i = 0; i < states.remote->push_refspec_nr; i++) {
-				struct refspec *spec = states.remote->push + i;
-				printf("    %s%s%s%s\n",
-				       spec->force ? "+" : "",
-				       abbrev_branch(spec->src),
-				       spec->dst ? ":" : "",
-				       spec->dst ? abbrev_branch(spec->dst) : "");
-			}
+			printf("  HEAD branch: (not queried)\n");
+		else if (!states.heads.nr)
+			printf("  HEAD branch: (unknown)\n");
+		else if (states.heads.nr == 1)
+			printf("  HEAD branch: %s\n", states.heads.items[0].string);
+		else {
+			printf("  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous,"
+			       " may be one of the following):\n");
+			for (i = 0; i < states.heads.nr; i++)
+				printf("    %s\n", states.heads.items[i].string);
 		}
 
-		/* NEEDSWORK: free remote */
-		string_list_clear(&states.new, 0);
-		string_list_clear(&states.stale, 0);
-		string_list_clear(&states.tracked, 0);
+		/* remote branch info */
+		info.width = 0;
+		for_each_string_list(add_remote_to_show_info, &states.new, &info);
+		for_each_string_list(add_remote_to_show_info, &states.tracked, &info);
+		for_each_string_list(add_remote_to_show_info, &states.stale, &info);
+		if (info.list->nr)
+			printf("  Remote branch%s:%s\n",
+			       info.list->nr > 1 ? "es" : "",
+				no_query ? " (status not queried)" : "");
+		for_each_string_list(show_remote_info_item, info.list, &info);
+		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
+
+		/* git pull info */
+		info.width = 0;
+		info.any_rebase = 0;
+		for_each_string_list(add_local_to_show_info, &branch_list, &info);
+		if (info.list->nr)
+			printf("  Local branch%s configured for 'git pull':\n",
+			       info.list->nr > 1 ? "es" : "");
+		for_each_string_list(show_local_info_item, info.list, &info);
+		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
+
+		/* git push info */
+		if (states.remote->mirror)
+			printf("  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'\n");
+
+		info.width = info.width2 = 0;
+		for_each_string_list(add_push_to_show_info, &states.push, &info);
+		qsort(info.list->items, info.list->nr,
+			sizeof(*info.list->items), cmp_string_with_push);
+		if (info.list->nr)
+			printf("  Local ref%s configured for 'git push'%s:\n",
+				info.list->nr > 1 ? "s" : "",
+				no_query ? " (status not queried)" : "");
+		for_each_string_list(show_push_info_item, info.list, &info);
+		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
+
+		free_remote_ref_states(&states);
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int set_head(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i, opt_a = 0, opt_d = 0, result = 0;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, buf2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *head_name = NULL;
+
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "auto", &opt_a,
+			    "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "delete", &opt_d,
+			    "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_sethead_usage,
+			     0);
+	if (argc)
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s/HEAD", argv[0]);
+
+	if (!opt_a && !opt_d && argc == 2) {
+		head_name = xstrdup(argv[1]);
+	} else if (opt_a && !opt_d && argc == 1) {
+		struct ref_states states;
+		memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
+		get_remote_ref_states(argv[0], &states, GET_HEAD_NAMES);
+		if (!states.heads.nr)
+			result |= error("Cannot determine remote HEAD");
+		else if (states.heads.nr > 1) {
+			result |= error("Multiple remote HEAD branches. "
+					"Please choose one explicitly with:");
+			for (i = 0; i < states.heads.nr; i++)
+				fprintf(stderr, "  git remote set-head %s %s\n",
+					argv[0], states.heads.items[i].string);
+		} else
+			head_name = xstrdup(states.heads.items[0].string);
+		free_remote_ref_states(&states);
+	} else if (opt_d && !opt_a && argc == 1) {
+		if (delete_ref(buf.buf, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
+			result |= error("Could not delete %s", buf.buf);
+	} else
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_sethead_usage, options);
+
+	if (head_name) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/remotes/%s/%s", argv[0], head_name);
+		/* make sure it's valid */
+		if (!resolve_ref(buf2.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
+			result |= error("Not a valid ref: %s", buf2.buf);
+		else if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "remote set-head"))
+			result |= error("Could not setup %s", buf.buf);
+		if (opt_a)
+			printf("%s/HEAD set to %s\n", argv[0], head_name);
+		free(head_name);
 	}
 
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf2);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -726,122 +1156,131 @@ static int prune(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int dry_run = 0, result = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_GROUP("prune specific options"),
 		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
-	struct ref_states states;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, builtin_remote_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_prune_usage,
+			     0);
 
 	if (argc < 1)
-		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_prune_usage, options);
 
-	memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
-	for (; argc; argc--, argv++) {
-		int i;
+	for (; argc; argc--, argv++)
+		result |= prune_remote(*argv, dry_run);
 
-		get_remote_ref_states(*argv, &states, 1);
+	return result;
+}
 
-		if (states.stale.nr) {
-			printf("Pruning %s\n", *argv);
-			printf("URL: %s\n",
-			       states.remote->url_nr
-			       ? states.remote->url[0]
-			       : "(no URL)");
-		}
+static int prune_remote(const char *remote, int dry_run)
+{
+	int result = 0, i;
+	struct ref_states states;
+	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
+		? " %s will become dangling!\n"
+		: " %s has become dangling!\n";
 
-		for (i = 0; i < states.stale.nr; i++) {
-			const char *refname = states.stale.items[i].util;
+	memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
+	get_remote_ref_states(remote, &states, GET_REF_STATES);
+
+	if (states.stale.nr) {
+		printf("Pruning %s\n", remote);
+		printf("URL: %s\n",
+		       states.remote->url_nr
+		       ? states.remote->url[0]
+		       : "(no URL)");
+	}
 
-			if (!dry_run)
-				result |= delete_ref(refname, NULL, 0);
+	for (i = 0; i < states.stale.nr; i++) {
+		const char *refname = states.stale.items[i].util;
 
-			printf(" * [%s] %s\n", dry_run ? "would prune" : "pruned",
-			       abbrev_ref(refname, "refs/remotes/"));
-		}
+		if (!dry_run)
+			result |= delete_ref(refname, NULL, 0);
 
-		/* NEEDSWORK: free remote */
-		string_list_clear(&states.new, 0);
-		string_list_clear(&states.stale, 0);
-		string_list_clear(&states.tracked, 0);
+		printf(" * [%s] %s\n", dry_run ? "would prune" : "pruned",
+		       abbrev_ref(refname, "refs/remotes/"));
+		warn_dangling_symref(stdout, dangling_msg, refname);
 	}
 
+	free_remote_ref_states(&states);
 	return result;
 }
 
-static int get_one_remote_for_update(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
+static int get_remote_default(const char *key, const char *value, void *priv)
 {
-	struct string_list *list = priv;
-	if (!remote->skip_default_update)
-		string_list_append(remote->name, list);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-struct remote_group {
-	const char *name;
-	struct string_list *list;
-} remote_group;
-
-static int get_remote_group(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
-{
-	if (!prefixcmp(key, "remotes.") &&
-			!strcmp(key + 8, remote_group.name)) {
-		/* split list by white space */
-		int space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
-		while (*value) {
-			if (space > 1)
-				string_list_append(xstrndup(value, space),
-						remote_group.list);
-			value += space + (value[space] != '\0');
-			space = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
-		}
+	if (strcmp(key, "remotes.default") == 0) {
+		int *found = priv;
+		*found = 1;
 	}
-
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int update(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	int i, result = 0;
-	struct string_list list = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
-	static const char *default_argv[] = { NULL, "default", NULL };
+	int i, prune = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "prune", &prune,
+			    "prune remotes after fetching"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	const char **fetch_argv;
+	int fetch_argc = 0;
+	int default_defined = 0;
 
-	if (argc < 2) {
-		argc = 2;
-		argv = default_argv;
-	}
+	fetch_argv = xmalloc(sizeof(char *) * (argc+5));
 
-	remote_group.list = &list;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		remote_group.name = argv[i];
-		result = git_config(get_remote_group, NULL);
-	}
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_update_usage,
+			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 
-	if (!result && !list.nr  && argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "default"))
-		result = for_each_remote(get_one_remote_for_update, &list);
+	fetch_argv[fetch_argc++] = "fetch";
 
-	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
-		result |= fetch_remote(list.items[i].string);
+	if (prune)
+		fetch_argv[fetch_argc++] = "--prune";
+	if (verbose)
+		fetch_argv[fetch_argc++] = "-v";
+	fetch_argv[fetch_argc++] = "--multiple";
+	if (argc < 2)
+		fetch_argv[fetch_argc++] = "default";
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+		fetch_argv[fetch_argc++] = argv[i];
+
+	if (strcmp(fetch_argv[fetch_argc-1], "default") == 0) {
+		git_config(get_remote_default, &default_defined);
+		if (!default_defined)
+			fetch_argv[fetch_argc-1] = "--all";
+	}
 
-	/* all names were strdup()ed or strndup()ed */
-	list.strdup_strings = 1;
-	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+	fetch_argv[fetch_argc] = NULL;
 
-	return result;
+	return run_command_v_opt(fetch_argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 }
 
 static int get_one_entry(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
 {
 	struct string_list *list = priv;
+	struct strbuf url_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char **url;
+	int i, url_nr;
 
 	if (remote->url_nr > 0) {
-		int i;
-
-		for (i = 0; i < remote->url_nr; i++)
-			string_list_append(remote->name, list)->util = (void *)remote->url[i];
+		strbuf_addf(&url_buf, "%s (fetch)", remote->url[0]);
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list)->util =
+				strbuf_detach(&url_buf, NULL);
 	} else
 		string_list_append(remote->name, list)->util = NULL;
+	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
+		url = remote->pushurl;
+		url_nr = remote->pushurl_nr;
+	} else {
+		url = remote->url;
+		url_nr = remote->url_nr;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++)
+	{
+		strbuf_addf(&url_buf, "%s (push)", url[i]);
+		string_list_append(remote->name, list)->util =
+				strbuf_detach(&url_buf, NULL);
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -849,7 +1288,10 @@ static int get_one_entry(struct remote *remote, void *priv)
 static int show_all(void)
 {
 	struct string_list list = { NULL, 0, 0 };
-	int result = for_each_remote(get_one_entry, &list);
+	int result;
+
+	list.strdup_strings = 1;
+	result = for_each_remote(get_one_entry, &list);
 
 	if (!result) {
 		int i;
@@ -867,18 +1309,19 @@ static int show_all(void)
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	string_list_clear(&list, 1);
 	return result;
 }
 
 int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", &verbose, "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	int result;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, builtin_remote_usage,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_remote_usage,
 		PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
 
 	if (argc < 1)
@@ -889,6 +1332,8 @@ int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		result = mv(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "rm"))
 		result = rm(argc, argv);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "set-head"))
+		result = set_head(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "show"))
 		result = show(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "prune"))
diff --git a/builtin-replace.c b/builtin-replace.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fe3a647a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-replace.c
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Builtin "git replace"
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2008 Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
+ *
+ * Based on builtin-tag.c by Kristian Høgsberg <krh@redhat.com>
+ * and Carlos Rica <jasampler@gmail.com> that was itself based on
+ * git-tag.sh and mktag.c by Linus Torvalds.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static const char * const git_replace_usage[] = {
+	"git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>",
+	"git replace -d <object>...",
+	"git replace -l [<pattern>]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			  int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	const char *pattern = cb_data;
+
+	if (!fnmatch(pattern, refname, 0))
+		printf("%s\n", refname);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int list_replace_refs(const char *pattern)
+{
+	if (pattern == NULL)
+		pattern = "*";
+
+	for_each_replace_ref(show_reference, (void *) pattern);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+typedef int (*each_replace_name_fn)(const char *name, const char *ref,
+				    const unsigned char *sha1);
+
+static int for_each_replace_name(const char **argv, each_replace_name_fn fn)
+{
+	const char **p;
+	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	int had_error = 0;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	for (p = argv; *p; p++) {
+		if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/replace/%s", *p)
+					>= sizeof(ref)) {
+			error("replace ref name too long: %.*s...", 50, *p);
+			had_error = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
+			error("replace ref '%s' not found.", *p);
+			had_error = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (fn(*p, ref, sha1))
+			had_error = 1;
+	}
+	return had_error;
+}
+
+static int delete_replace_ref(const char *name, const char *ref,
+			      const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	if (delete_ref(ref, sha1, 0))
+		return 1;
+	printf("Deleted replace ref '%s'\n", name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int replace_object(const char *object_ref, const char *replace_ref,
+			  int force)
+{
+	unsigned char object[20], prev[20], repl[20];
+	char ref[PATH_MAX];
+	struct ref_lock *lock;
+
+	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
+		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+	if (get_sha1(replace_ref, repl))
+		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", replace_ref);
+
+	if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref),
+		     "refs/replace/%s",
+		     sha1_to_hex(object)) > sizeof(ref) - 1)
+		die("replace ref name too long: %.*s...", 50, ref);
+	if (check_ref_format(ref))
+		die("'%s' is not a valid ref name.", ref);
+
+	if (!resolve_ref(ref, prev, 1, NULL))
+		hashclr(prev);
+	else if (!force)
+		die("replace ref '%s' already exists", ref);
+
+	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, prev, 0);
+	if (!lock)
+		die("%s: cannot lock the ref", ref);
+	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, repl, NULL) < 0)
+		die("%s: cannot update the ref", ref);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int cmd_replace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int list = 0, delete = 0, force = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &list, "list replace refs"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, "delete replace refs"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "replace the ref if it exists"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_replace_usage, 0);
+
+	if (list && delete)
+		usage_msg_opt("-l and -d cannot be used together",
+			      git_replace_usage, options);
+
+	if (force && (list || delete))
+		usage_msg_opt("-f cannot be used with -d or -l",
+			      git_replace_usage, options);
+
+	/* Delete refs */
+	if (delete) {
+		if (argc < 1)
+			usage_msg_opt("-d needs at least one argument",
+				      git_replace_usage, options);
+		return for_each_replace_name(argv, delete_replace_ref);
+	}
+
+	/* Replace object */
+	if (!list && argc) {
+		if (argc != 2)
+			usage_msg_opt("bad number of arguments",
+				      git_replace_usage, options);
+		return replace_object(argv[0], argv[1], force);
+	}
+
+	/* List refs, even if "list" is not set */
+	if (argc > 1)
+		usage_msg_opt("only one pattern can be given with -l",
+			      git_replace_usage, options);
+	if (force)
+		usage_msg_opt("-f needs some arguments",
+			      git_replace_usage, options);
+
+	return list_replace_refs(argv[0]);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-rerere.c b/builtin-rerere.c
index d4dec6b71..2be9ffb77 100644
--- a/builtin-rerere.c
+++ b/builtin-rerere.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "rerere.h"
 #include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
@@ -12,28 +13,17 @@ static const char git_rerere_usage[] =
 static int cutoff_noresolve = 15;
 static int cutoff_resolve = 60;
 
-static const char *rr_path(const char *name, const char *file)
-{
-	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", name, file);
-}
-
 static time_t rerere_created_at(const char *name)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	return stat(rr_path(name, "preimage"), &st) ? (time_t) 0 : st.st_mtime;
-}
-
-static int has_resolution(const char *name)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	return !stat(rr_path(name, "postimage"), &st);
+	return stat(rerere_path(name, "preimage"), &st) ? (time_t) 0 : st.st_mtime;
 }
 
 static void unlink_rr_item(const char *name)
 {
-	unlink(rr_path(name, "thisimage"));
-	unlink(rr_path(name, "preimage"));
-	unlink(rr_path(name, "postimage"));
+	unlink(rerere_path(name, "thisimage"));
+	unlink(rerere_path(name, "preimage"));
+	unlink(rerere_path(name, "postimage"));
 	rmdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", name));
 }
 
@@ -58,18 +48,18 @@ static void garbage_collect(struct string_list *rr)
 
 	git_config(git_rerere_gc_config, NULL);
 	dir = opendir(git_path("rr-cache"));
+	if (!dir)
+		die_errno("unable to open rr-cache directory");
 	while ((e = readdir(dir))) {
-		const char *name = e->d_name;
-		if (name[0] == '.' &&
-		    (name[1] == '\0' || (name[1] == '.' && name[2] == '\0')))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
 			continue;
-		then = rerere_created_at(name);
+		then = rerere_created_at(e->d_name);
 		if (!then)
 			continue;
-		cutoff = (has_resolution(name)
+		cutoff = (has_rerere_resolution(e->d_name)
 			  ? cutoff_resolve : cutoff_noresolve);
 		if (then < now - cutoff * 86400)
-			string_list_append(name, &to_remove);
+			string_list_append(e->d_name, &to_remove);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < to_remove.nr; i++)
 		unlink_rr_item(to_remove.items[i].string);
@@ -118,6 +108,9 @@ int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc < 2)
 		return rerere();
 
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(git_rerere_usage);
+
 	fd = setup_rerere(&merge_rr);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return 0;
@@ -125,10 +118,10 @@ int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "clear")) {
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
 			const char *name = (const char *)merge_rr.items[i].util;
-			if (!has_resolution(name))
+			if (!has_rerere_resolution(name))
 				unlink_rr_item(name);
 		}
-		unlink(git_path("rr-cache/MERGE_RR"));
+		unlink_or_warn(git_path("rr-cache/MERGE_RR"));
 	} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "gc"))
 		garbage_collect(&merge_rr);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "status"))
@@ -138,7 +131,7 @@ int cmd_rerere(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		for (i = 0; i < merge_rr.nr; i++) {
 			const char *path = merge_rr.items[i].string;
 			const char *name = (const char *)merge_rr.items[i].util;
-			diff_two(rr_path(name, "preimage"), path, path, path);
+			diff_two(rerere_path(name, "preimage"), path, path, path);
 		}
 	else
 		usage(git_rerere_usage);
diff --git a/builtin-reset.c b/builtin-reset.c
index 9514b77f8..e4418bced 100644
--- a/builtin-reset.c
+++ b/builtin-reset.c
@@ -20,11 +20,14 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const git_reset_usage[] = {
-	"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [-q] [<commit>]",
+	"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge] [-q] [<commit>]",
 	"git reset [--mixed] <commit> [--] <paths>...",
 	NULL
 };
 
+enum reset_type { MIXED, SOFT, HARD, MERGE, NONE };
+static const char *reset_type_names[] = { "mixed", "soft", "hard", "merge", NULL };
+
 static char *args_to_str(const char **argv)
 {
 	char *buf = NULL;
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ static inline int is_merge(void)
 	return !access(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), F_OK);
 }
 
-static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int is_hard_reset, int quiet)
+static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
 {
 	int i = 0;
 	const char *args[6];
@@ -57,9 +60,17 @@ static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int is_hard_reset, int qu
 	args[i++] = "read-tree";
 	if (!quiet)
 		args[i++] = "-v";
-	args[i++] = "--reset";
-	if (is_hard_reset)
+	switch (reset_type) {
+	case MERGE:
 		args[i++] = "-u";
+		args[i++] = "-m";
+		break;
+	case HARD:
+		args[i++] = "-u";
+		/* fallthrough */
+	default:
+		args[i++] = "--reset";
+	}
 	args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 	args[i] = NULL;
 
@@ -97,7 +108,8 @@ static int update_index_refresh(int fd, struct lock_file *index_lock, int flags)
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		return error("Could not read index");
 
-	result = refresh_cache(flags) ? 1 : 0;
+	result = refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL,
+			       "Unstaged changes after reset:") ? 1 : 0;
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			commit_locked_index(index_lock))
 		return error ("Could not refresh index");
@@ -131,6 +143,17 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 	}
 }
 
+static int interactive_reset(const char *revision, const char **argv,
+			     const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char **pathspec = NULL;
+
+	if (*argv)
+		pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
+
+	return run_add_interactive(revision, "--patch=reset", pathspec);
+}
+
 static int read_from_tree(const char *prefix, const char **argv,
 		unsigned char *tree_sha1, int refresh_flags)
 {
@@ -169,12 +192,10 @@ static void prepend_reflog_action(const char *action, char *buf, size_t size)
 		warning("Reflog action message too long: %.*s...", 50, buf);
 }
 
-enum reset_type { MIXED, SOFT, HARD, NONE };
-static const char *reset_type_names[] = { "mixed", "soft", "hard", NULL };
-
 int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i = 0, reset_type = NONE, update_ref_status = 0, quiet = 0;
+	int patch_mode = 0;
 	const char *rev = "HEAD";
 	unsigned char sha1[20], *orig = NULL, sha1_orig[20],
 				*old_orig = NULL, sha1_old_orig[20];
@@ -186,14 +207,17 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "soft", &reset_type, "reset only HEAD", SOFT),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "hard", &reset_type,
 				"reset HEAD, index and working tree", HARD),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "merge", &reset_type,
+				"reset HEAD, index and working tree", MERGE),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('q', NULL, &quiet,
 				"disable showing new HEAD in hard reset and progress message"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_mode, "select hunks interactively"),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, git_reset_usage,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_reset_usage,
 						PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 	reflog_action = args_to_str(argv);
 	setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", reflog_action, 0);
@@ -218,7 +242,7 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 		/*
 		 * Otherwise, argv[i] could be either <rev> or <paths> and
-		 * has to be unambigous.
+		 * has to be unambiguous.
 		 */
 		else if (!get_sha1(argv[i], sha1)) {
 			/*
@@ -241,6 +265,12 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		die("Could not parse object '%s'.", rev);
 	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
 
+	if (patch_mode) {
+		if (reset_type != NONE)
+			die("--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}");
+		return interactive_reset(rev, argv + i, prefix);
+	}
+
 	/* git reset tree [--] paths... can be used to
 	 * load chosen paths from the tree into the index without
 	 * affecting the working tree nor HEAD. */
@@ -251,13 +281,13 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			die("Cannot do %s reset with paths.",
 					reset_type_names[reset_type]);
 		return read_from_tree(prefix, argv + i, sha1,
-				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED);
+				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 	}
 	if (reset_type == NONE)
 		reset_type = MIXED; /* by default */
 
-	if (reset_type == HARD && is_bare_repository())
-		die("hard reset makes no sense in a bare repository");
+	if (reset_type == HARD || reset_type == MERGE)
+		setup_work_tree();
 
 	/* Soft reset does not touch the index file nor the working tree
 	 * at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset
@@ -266,7 +296,7 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (is_merge() || read_cache() < 0 || unmerged_cache())
 			die("Cannot do a soft reset in the middle of a merge.");
 	}
-	else if (reset_index_file(sha1, (reset_type == HARD), quiet))
+	else if (reset_index_file(sha1, reset_type, quiet))
 		die("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'.", rev);
 
 	/* Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to,
@@ -292,7 +322,7 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		break;
 	case MIXED: /* Report what has not been updated. */
 		update_index_refresh(0, NULL,
-				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED);
+				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 		break;
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin-rev-list.c b/builtin-rev-list.c
index 857742a14..91b604289 100644
--- a/builtin-rev-list.c
+++ b/builtin-rev-list.c
@@ -1,20 +1,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
-#include "refs.h"
-#include "tag.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "blob.h"
-#include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "graph.h"
-
-/* bits #0-15 in revision.h */
-
-#define COUNTED		(1u<<16)
+#include "bisect.h"
 
 static const char rev_list_usage[] =
 "git rev-list [OPTION] <commit-id>... [ -- paths... ]\n"
@@ -50,73 +42,70 @@ static const char rev_list_usage[] =
 "    --bisect-all"
 ;
 
-static struct rev_info revs;
-
-static int bisect_list;
-static int show_timestamp;
-static int hdr_termination;
-static const char *header_prefix;
-
-static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit);
-static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
+static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data);
+static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
-	graph_show_commit(revs.graph);
+	struct rev_list_info *info = data;
+	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
+
+	graph_show_commit(revs->graph);
 
-	if (show_timestamp)
+	if (info->show_timestamp)
 		printf("%lu ", commit->date);
-	if (header_prefix)
-		fputs(header_prefix, stdout);
+	if (info->header_prefix)
+		fputs(info->header_prefix, stdout);
 
-	if (!revs.graph) {
+	if (!revs->graph) {
 		if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
 			putchar('-');
 		else if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 			putchar('^');
-		else if (revs.left_right) {
+		else if (revs->left_right) {
 			if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT)
 				putchar('<');
 			else
 				putchar('>');
 		}
 	}
-	if (revs.abbrev_commit && revs.abbrev)
-		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, revs.abbrev),
+	if (revs->abbrev_commit && revs->abbrev)
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, revs->abbrev),
 		      stdout);
 	else
 		fputs(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), stdout);
-	if (revs.print_parents) {
+	if (revs->print_parents) {
 		struct commit_list *parents = commit->parents;
 		while (parents) {
 			printf(" %s", sha1_to_hex(parents->item->object.sha1));
 			parents = parents->next;
 		}
 	}
-	if (revs.children.name) {
+	if (revs->children.name) {
 		struct commit_list *children;
 
-		children = lookup_decoration(&revs.children, &commit->object);
+		children = lookup_decoration(&revs->children, &commit->object);
 		while (children) {
 			printf(" %s", sha1_to_hex(children->item->object.sha1));
 			children = children->next;
 		}
 	}
-	show_decorations(&revs, commit);
-	if (revs.commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+	show_decorations(revs, commit);
+	if (revs->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 		putchar(' ');
 	else
 		putchar('\n');
 
-	if (revs.verbose_header && commit->buffer) {
+	if (revs->verbose_header && commit->buffer) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		pretty_print_commit(revs.commit_format, commit,
-				    &buf, revs.abbrev, NULL, NULL,
-				    revs.date_mode, 0);
-		if (revs.graph) {
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		ctx.abbrev = revs->abbrev;
+		ctx.date_mode = revs->date_mode;
+		pretty_print_commit(revs->commit_format, commit, &buf, &ctx);
+		if (revs->graph) {
 			if (buf.len) {
-				if (revs.commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-					graph_show_oneline(revs.graph);
+				if (revs->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
+					graph_show_oneline(revs->graph);
 
-				graph_show_commit_msg(revs.graph, &buf);
+				graph_show_commit_msg(revs->graph, &buf);
 
 				/*
 				 * Add a newline after the commit message.
@@ -134,7 +123,7 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
 				 * format doesn't explicitly end in a newline.)
 				 */
 				if (buf.len && buf.buf[buf.len - 1] == '\n')
-					graph_show_padding(revs.graph);
+					graph_show_padding(revs->graph);
 				putchar('\n');
 			} else {
 				/*
@@ -142,23 +131,23 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
 				 * the rest of the graph output for this
 				 * commit.
 				 */
-				if (graph_show_remainder(revs.graph))
+				if (graph_show_remainder(revs->graph))
 					putchar('\n');
 			}
 		} else {
 			if (buf.len)
-				printf("%s%c", buf.buf, hdr_termination);
+				printf("%s%c", buf.buf, info->hdr_termination);
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	} else {
-		if (graph_show_remainder(revs.graph))
+		if (graph_show_remainder(revs->graph))
 			putchar('\n');
 	}
 	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "stdout");
-	finish_commit(commit);
+	finish_commit(commit, data);
 }
 
-static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit)
+static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
 	if (commit->parents) {
 		free_commit_list(commit->parents);
@@ -168,27 +157,29 @@ static void finish_commit(struct commit *commit)
 	commit->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-static void finish_object(struct object_array_entry *p)
+static void finish_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *name)
 {
-	if (p->item->type == OBJ_BLOB && !has_sha1_file(p->item->sha1))
-		die("missing blob object '%s'", sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1));
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB && !has_sha1_file(obj->sha1))
+		die("missing blob object '%s'", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object_array_entry *p)
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *component)
 {
+	char *name = path_name(path, component);
 	/* An object with name "foo\n0000000..." can be used to
 	 * confuse downstream "git pack-objects" very badly.
 	 */
-	const char *ep = strchr(p->name, '\n');
+	const char *ep = strchr(name, '\n');
 
-	finish_object(p);
+	finish_object(obj, path, name);
 	if (ep) {
-		printf("%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1),
-		       (int) (ep - p->name),
-		       p->name);
+		printf("%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1),
+		       (int) (ep - name),
+		       name);
 	}
 	else
-		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1), p->name);
+		printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
+	free(name);
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
@@ -196,389 +187,126 @@ static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
 	printf("-%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 }
 
-/*
- * This is a truly stupid algorithm, but it's only
- * used for bisection, and we just don't care enough.
- *
- * We care just barely enough to avoid recursing for
- * non-merge entries.
- */
-static int count_distance(struct commit_list *entry)
+static inline int log2i(int n)
 {
-	int nr = 0;
-
-	while (entry) {
-		struct commit *commit = entry->item;
-		struct commit_list *p;
-
-		if (commit->object.flags & (UNINTERESTING | COUNTED))
-			break;
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & TREESAME))
-			nr++;
-		commit->object.flags |= COUNTED;
-		p = commit->parents;
-		entry = p;
-		if (p) {
-			p = p->next;
-			while (p) {
-				nr += count_distance(p);
-				p = p->next;
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	int log2 = 0;
 
-	return nr;
-}
+	for (; n > 1; n >>= 1)
+		log2++;
 
-static void clear_distance(struct commit_list *list)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct commit *commit = list->item;
-		commit->object.flags &= ~COUNTED;
-		list = list->next;
-	}
+	return log2;
 }
 
-#define DEBUG_BISECT 0
-
-static inline int weight(struct commit_list *elem)
+static inline int exp2i(int n)
 {
-	return *((int*)(elem->item->util));
+	return 1 << n;
 }
 
-static inline void weight_set(struct commit_list *elem, int weight)
+/*
+ * Estimate the number of bisect steps left (after the current step)
+ *
+ * For any x between 0 included and 2^n excluded, the probability for
+ * n - 1 steps left looks like:
+ *
+ * P(2^n + x) == (2^n - x) / (2^n + x)
+ *
+ * and P(2^n + x) < 0.5 means 2^n < 3x
+ */
+int estimate_bisect_steps(int all)
 {
-	*((int*)(elem->item->util)) = weight;
-}
+	int n, x, e;
 
-static int count_interesting_parents(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	struct commit_list *p;
-	int count;
+	if (all < 3)
+		return 0;
 
-	for (count = 0, p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		count++;
-	}
-	return count;
-}
+	n = log2i(all);
+	e = exp2i(n);
+	x = all - e;
 
-static inline int halfway(struct commit_list *p, int nr)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Don't short-cut something we are not going to return!
-	 */
-	if (p->item->object.flags & TREESAME)
-		return 0;
-	if (DEBUG_BISECT)
-		return 0;
-	/*
-	 * 2 and 3 are halfway of 5.
-	 * 3 is halfway of 6 but 2 and 4 are not.
-	 */
-	switch (2 * weight(p) - nr) {
-	case -1: case 0: case 1:
-		return 1;
-	default:
-		return 0;
-	}
+	return (e < 3 * x) ? n : n - 1;
 }
 
-#if !DEBUG_BISECT
-#define show_list(a,b,c,d) do { ; } while (0)
-#else
-static void show_list(const char *debug, int counted, int nr,
-		      struct commit_list *list)
+void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
+		       const char *format_cur,
+		       const char *format_last)
 {
-	struct commit_list *p;
-
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d/%d)\n", debug, counted, nr);
-
-	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		struct commit_list *pp;
-		struct commit *commit = p->item;
-		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long size;
-		char *buf = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
-		char *ep, *sp;
-
-		fprintf(stderr, "%c%c%c ",
-			(flags & TREESAME) ? ' ' : 'T',
-			(flags & UNINTERESTING) ? 'U' : ' ',
-			(flags & COUNTED) ? 'C' : ' ');
-		if (commit->util)
-			fprintf(stderr, "%3d", weight(p));
-		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "---");
-		fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-		for (pp = commit->parents; pp; pp = pp->next)
-			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", 8,
-				sha1_to_hex(pp->item->object.sha1));
-
-		sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
-		if (sp) {
-			sp += 2;
-			for (ep = sp; *ep && *ep != '\n'; ep++)
-				;
-			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", (int)(ep - sp), sp);
-		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	for ( ; list; list = list->next) {
+		const char *format = list->next ? format_cur : format_last;
+		printf(format, sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
 	}
 }
-#endif /* DEBUG_BISECT */
 
-static struct commit_list *best_bisection(struct commit_list *list, int nr)
+static void show_tried_revs(struct commit_list *tried)
 {
-	struct commit_list *p, *best;
-	int best_distance = -1;
-
-	best = list;
-	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		int distance;
-		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
-
-		if (flags & TREESAME)
-			continue;
-		distance = weight(p);
-		if (nr - distance < distance)
-			distance = nr - distance;
-		if (distance > best_distance) {
-			best = p;
-			best_distance = distance;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return best;
+	printf("bisect_tried='");
+	print_commit_list(tried, "%s|", "%s");
+	printf("'\n");
 }
 
-struct commit_dist {
-	struct commit *commit;
-	int distance;
-};
-
-static int compare_commit_dist(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+static void print_var_str(const char *var, const char *val)
 {
-	struct commit_dist *a, *b;
-
-	a = (struct commit_dist *)a_;
-	b = (struct commit_dist *)b_;
-	if (a->distance != b->distance)
-		return b->distance - a->distance; /* desc sort */
-	return hashcmp(a->commit->object.sha1, b->commit->object.sha1);
+	printf("%s='%s'\n", var, val);
 }
 
-static struct commit_list *best_bisection_sorted(struct commit_list *list, int nr)
+static void print_var_int(const char *var, int val)
 {
-	struct commit_list *p;
-	struct commit_dist *array = xcalloc(nr, sizeof(*array));
-	int cnt, i;
-
-	for (p = list, cnt = 0; p; p = p->next) {
-		int distance;
-		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
-
-		if (flags & TREESAME)
-			continue;
-		distance = weight(p);
-		if (nr - distance < distance)
-			distance = nr - distance;
-		array[cnt].commit = p->item;
-		array[cnt].distance = distance;
-		cnt++;
-	}
-	qsort(array, cnt, sizeof(*array), compare_commit_dist);
-	for (p = list, i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-		struct name_decoration *r = xmalloc(sizeof(*r) + 100);
-		struct object *obj = &(array[i].commit->object);
-
-		sprintf(r->name, "dist=%d", array[i].distance);
-		r->next = add_decoration(&name_decoration, obj, r);
-		p->item = array[i].commit;
-		p = p->next;
-	}
-	if (p)
-		p->next = NULL;
-	free(array);
-	return list;
+	printf("%s=%d\n", var, val);
 }
 
-/*
- * zero or positive weight is the number of interesting commits it can
- * reach, including itself.  Especially, weight = 0 means it does not
- * reach any tree-changing commits (e.g. just above uninteresting one
- * but traversal is with pathspec).
- *
- * weight = -1 means it has one parent and its distance is yet to
- * be computed.
- *
- * weight = -2 means it has more than one parent and its distance is
- * unknown.  After running count_distance() first, they will get zero
- * or positive distance.
- */
-static struct commit_list *do_find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
-					     int nr, int *weights,
-					     int find_all)
+int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all)
 {
-	int n, counted;
-	struct commit_list *p;
-
-	counted = 0;
-
-	for (n = 0, p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		struct commit *commit = p->item;
-		unsigned flags = commit->object.flags;
-
-		p->item->util = &weights[n++];
-		switch (count_interesting_parents(commit)) {
-		case 0:
-			if (!(flags & TREESAME)) {
-				weight_set(p, 1);
-				counted++;
-				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
-					  counted, nr, list);
-			}
-			/*
-			 * otherwise, it is known not to reach any
-			 * tree-changing commit and gets weight 0.
-			 */
-			break;
-		case 1:
-			weight_set(p, -1);
-			break;
-		default:
-			weight_set(p, -2);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
+	int cnt, flags = info->bisect_show_flags;
+	char hex[41] = "";
+	struct commit_list *tried;
+	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
 
-	show_list("bisection 2 initialize", counted, nr, list);
+	if (!revs->commits && !(flags & BISECT_SHOW_TRIED))
+		return 1;
+
+	revs->commits = filter_skipped(revs->commits, &tried,
+				       flags & BISECT_SHOW_ALL,
+				       NULL, NULL);
 
 	/*
-	 * If you have only one parent in the resulting set
-	 * then you can reach one commit more than that parent
-	 * can reach.  So we do not have to run the expensive
-	 * count_distance() for single strand of pearls.
-	 *
-	 * However, if you have more than one parents, you cannot
-	 * just add their distance and one for yourself, since
-	 * they usually reach the same ancestor and you would
-	 * end up counting them twice that way.
-	 *
-	 * So we will first count distance of merges the usual
-	 * way, and then fill the blanks using cheaper algorithm.
+	 * revs->commits can reach "reaches" commits among
+	 * "all" commits.  If it is good, then there are
+	 * (all-reaches) commits left to be bisected.
+	 * On the other hand, if it is bad, then the set
+	 * to bisect is "reaches".
+	 * A bisect set of size N has (N-1) commits further
+	 * to test, as we already know one bad one.
 	 */
-	for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		if (weight(p) != -2)
-			continue;
-		weight_set(p, count_distance(p));
-		clear_distance(list);
-
-		/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
-		if (!find_all && halfway(p, nr))
-			return p;
-		counted++;
-	}
-
-	show_list("bisection 2 count_distance", counted, nr, list);
-
-	while (counted < nr) {
-		for (p = list; p; p = p->next) {
-			struct commit_list *q;
-			unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+	cnt = all - reaches;
+	if (cnt < reaches)
+		cnt = reaches;
 
-			if (0 <= weight(p))
-				continue;
-			for (q = p->item->parents; q; q = q->next) {
-				if (q->item->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
-					continue;
-				if (0 <= weight(q))
-					break;
-			}
-			if (!q)
-				continue;
-
-			/*
-			 * weight for p is unknown but q is known.
-			 * add one for p itself if p is to be counted,
-			 * otherwise inherit it from q directly.
-			 */
-			if (!(flags & TREESAME)) {
-				weight_set(p, weight(q)+1);
-				counted++;
-				show_list("bisection 2 count one",
-					  counted, nr, list);
-			}
-			else
-				weight_set(p, weight(q));
+	if (revs->commits)
+		strcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(revs->commits->item->object.sha1));
 
-			/* Does it happen to be at exactly half-way? */
-			if (!find_all && halfway(p, nr))
-				return p;
-		}
+	if (flags & BISECT_SHOW_ALL) {
+		traverse_commit_list(revs, show_commit, show_object, info);
+		printf("------\n");
 	}
 
-	show_list("bisection 2 counted all", counted, nr, list);
+	if (flags & BISECT_SHOW_TRIED)
+		show_tried_revs(tried);
 
-	if (!find_all)
-		return best_bisection(list, nr);
-	else
-		return best_bisection_sorted(list, nr);
-}
-
-static struct commit_list *find_bisection(struct commit_list *list,
-					  int *reaches, int *all,
-					  int find_all)
-{
-	int nr, on_list;
-	struct commit_list *p, *best, *next, *last;
-	int *weights;
-
-	show_list("bisection 2 entry", 0, 0, list);
-
-	/*
-	 * Count the number of total and tree-changing items on the
-	 * list, while reversing the list.
-	 */
-	for (nr = on_list = 0, last = NULL, p = list;
-	     p;
-	     p = next) {
-		unsigned flags = p->item->object.flags;
+	print_var_str("bisect_rev", hex);
+	print_var_int("bisect_nr", cnt - 1);
+	print_var_int("bisect_good", all - reaches - 1);
+	print_var_int("bisect_bad", reaches - 1);
+	print_var_int("bisect_all", all);
+	print_var_int("bisect_steps", estimate_bisect_steps(all));
 
-		next = p->next;
-		if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
-			continue;
-		p->next = last;
-		last = p;
-		if (!(flags & TREESAME))
-			nr++;
-		on_list++;
-	}
-	list = last;
-	show_list("bisection 2 sorted", 0, nr, list);
-
-	*all = nr;
-	weights = xcalloc(on_list, sizeof(*weights));
-
-	/* Do the real work of finding bisection commit. */
-	best = do_find_bisection(list, nr, weights, find_all);
-	if (best) {
-		if (!find_all)
-			best->next = NULL;
-		*reaches = weight(best);
-	}
-	free(weights);
-	return best;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct commit_list *list;
+	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct rev_list_info info;
 	int i;
-	int read_from_stdin = 0;
+	int bisect_list = 0;
 	int bisect_show_vars = 0;
 	int bisect_find_all = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
@@ -589,6 +317,11 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	revs.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED;
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 
+	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+	info.revs = &revs;
+	if (revs.bisect)
+		bisect_list = 1;
+
 	quiet = DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, QUIET);
 	for (i = 1 ; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
@@ -598,7 +331,7 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--timestamp")) {
-			show_timestamp = 1;
+			info.show_timestamp = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect")) {
@@ -608,6 +341,8 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect-all")) {
 			bisect_list = 1;
 			bisect_find_all = 1;
+			info.bisect_show_flags = BISECT_SHOW_ALL;
+			revs.show_decorations = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect-vars")) {
@@ -615,30 +350,22 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			bisect_show_vars = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--stdin")) {
-			if (read_from_stdin++)
-				die("--stdin given twice?");
-			read_revisions_from_stdin(&revs);
-			continue;
-		}
 		usage(rev_list_usage);
 
 	}
 	if (revs.commit_format != CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED) {
 		/* The command line has a --pretty  */
-		hdr_termination = '\n';
+		info.hdr_termination = '\n';
 		if (revs.commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
-			header_prefix = "";
+			info.header_prefix = "";
 		else
-			header_prefix = "commit ";
+			info.header_prefix = "commit ";
 	}
 	else if (revs.verbose_header)
 		/* Only --header was specified */
 		revs.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_RAW;
 
-	list = revs.commits;
-
-	if ((!list &&
+	if ((!revs.commits &&
 	     (!(revs.tag_objects||revs.tree_objects||revs.blob_objects) &&
 	      !revs.pending.nr)) ||
 	    revs.diff)
@@ -659,47 +386,15 @@ int cmd_rev_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		revs.commits = find_bisection(revs.commits, &reaches, &all,
 					      bisect_find_all);
-		if (bisect_show_vars) {
-			int cnt;
-			char hex[41];
-			if (!revs.commits)
-				return 1;
-			/*
-			 * revs.commits can reach "reaches" commits among
-			 * "all" commits.  If it is good, then there are
-			 * (all-reaches) commits left to be bisected.
-			 * On the other hand, if it is bad, then the set
-			 * to bisect is "reaches".
-			 * A bisect set of size N has (N-1) commits further
-			 * to test, as we already know one bad one.
-			 */
-			cnt = all - reaches;
-			if (cnt < reaches)
-				cnt = reaches;
-			strcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(revs.commits->item->object.sha1));
-
-			if (bisect_find_all) {
-				traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object);
-				printf("------\n");
-			}
 
-			printf("bisect_rev=%s\n"
-			       "bisect_nr=%d\n"
-			       "bisect_good=%d\n"
-			       "bisect_bad=%d\n"
-			       "bisect_all=%d\n",
-			       hex,
-			       cnt - 1,
-			       all - reaches - 1,
-			       reaches - 1,
-			       all);
-			return 0;
-		}
+		if (bisect_show_vars)
+			return show_bisect_vars(&info, reaches, all);
 	}
 
 	traverse_commit_list(&revs,
-		quiet ? finish_commit : show_commit,
-		quiet ? finish_object : show_object);
+			     quiet ? finish_commit : show_commit,
+			     quiet ? finish_object : show_object,
+			     &info);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-rev-parse.c b/builtin-rev-parse.c
index 81d5a6ffc..37d023352 100644
--- a/builtin-rev-parse.c
+++ b/builtin-rev-parse.c
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ static int show_type = NORMAL;
 #define SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL 2
 static int symbolic;
 static int abbrev;
+static int abbrev_ref;
+static int abbrev_ref_strict;
 static int output_sq;
 
 /*
@@ -109,8 +111,8 @@ static void show_rev(int type, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
 		return;
 	def = NULL;
 
-	if (symbolic && name) {
-		if (symbolic == SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL) {
+	if ((symbolic || abbrev_ref) && name) {
+		if (symbolic == SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL || abbrev_ref) {
 			unsigned char discard[20];
 			char *full;
 
@@ -125,6 +127,9 @@ static void show_rev(int type, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *name)
 				 */
 				break;
 			case 1: /* happy */
+				if (abbrev_ref)
+					full = shorten_unambiguous_ref(full,
+						abbrev_ref_strict);
 				show_with_type(type, full);
 				break;
 			default: /* ambiguous */
@@ -175,6 +180,12 @@ static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int fl
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int anti_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	show_rev(REVERSED, sha1, refname);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void show_datestring(const char *flag, const char *datestr)
 {
 	static char buffer[100];
@@ -296,7 +307,7 @@ static const char *skipspaces(const char *s)
 
 static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	static int keep_dashdash = 0;
+	static int keep_dashdash = 0, stop_at_non_option = 0;
 	static char const * const parseopt_usage[] = {
 		"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]",
 		NULL
@@ -304,6 +315,9 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	static struct option parseopt_opts[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "keep-dashdash", &keep_dashdash,
 					"keep the `--` passed as an arg"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stop-at-non-option", &stop_at_non_option,
+					"stop parsing after the "
+					"first non-option argument"),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -313,7 +327,7 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int onb = 0, osz = 0, unb = 0, usz = 0;
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&parsed, "set --");
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, parseopt_opts, parseopt_usage,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, parseopt_opts, parseopt_usage,
 	                     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 	if (argc < 1 || strcmp(argv[0], "--"))
 		usage_with_options(parseopt_usage, parseopt_opts);
@@ -388,8 +402,9 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	/* put an OPT_END() */
 	ALLOC_GROW(opts, onb + 1, osz);
 	memset(opts + onb, 0, sizeof(opts[onb]));
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, opts, usage,
-	                     keep_dashdash ? PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH : 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, usage,
+			keep_dashdash ? PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH : 0 |
+			stop_at_non_option ? PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION : 0);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&parsed, " --");
 	sq_quote_argv(&parsed, argv, 0);
@@ -397,6 +412,18 @@ static int cmd_parseopt(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int cmd_sq_quote(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (argc)
+		sq_quote_argv(&buf, argv, 0);
+	printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void die_no_single_rev(int quiet)
 {
 	if (quiet)
@@ -405,6 +432,13 @@ static void die_no_single_rev(int quiet)
 		die("Needed a single revision");
 }
 
+static const char builtin_rev_parse_usage[] =
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage.";
+
 int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, as_is = 0, verify = 0, quiet = 0, revs_count = 0, type = 0;
@@ -414,6 +448,12 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp("--parseopt", argv[1]))
 		return cmd_parseopt(argc - 1, argv + 1, prefix);
 
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp("--sq-quote", argv[1]))
+		return cmd_sq_quote(argc - 2, argv + 2);
+
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp("-h", argv[1]))
+		usage(builtin_rev_parse_usage);
+
 	prefix = setup_git_directory();
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -506,10 +546,29 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				symbolic = SHOW_SYMBOLIC_FULL;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev-ref") &&
+			    (!arg[12] || arg[12] == '=')) {
+				abbrev_ref = 1;
+				abbrev_ref_strict = warn_ambiguous_refs;
+				if (arg[12] == '=') {
+					if (!strcmp(arg + 13, "strict"))
+						abbrev_ref_strict = 1;
+					else if (!strcmp(arg + 13, "loose"))
+						abbrev_ref_strict = 0;
+					else
+						die("unknown mode for %s", arg);
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
 				for_each_ref(show_reference, NULL);
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect")) {
+				for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/bad", show_reference, NULL);
+				for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/good", anti_reference, NULL);
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--branches")) {
 				for_each_branch_ref(show_reference, NULL);
 				continue;
@@ -558,7 +617,7 @@ int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					continue;
 				}
 				if (!getcwd(cwd, PATH_MAX))
-					die("unable to get current working directory");
+					die_errno("unable to get current working directory");
 				printf("%s/.git\n", cwd);
 				continue;
 			}
diff --git a/builtin-revert.c b/builtin-revert.c
index 4038b4118..151aa6a98 100644
--- a/builtin-revert.c
+++ b/builtin-revert.c
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static void parse_args(int argc, const char **argv)
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
-	if (parse_options(argc, argv, options, usage_str, 0) != 1)
+	if (parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage_str, 0) != 1)
 		usage_with_options(usage_str, options);
 	arg = argv[0];
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ static void add_to_msg(const char *string)
 {
 	int len = strlen(string);
 	if (write_in_full(msg_fd, string, len) < 0)
-		die ("Could not write to MERGE_MSG");
+		die_errno ("Could not write to MERGE_MSG");
 }
 
 static void add_message_to_msg(const char *message)
@@ -223,17 +223,6 @@ static char *help_msg(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return helpbuf;
 }
 
-static int index_is_dirty(void)
-{
-	struct rev_info rev;
-	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, "HEAD");
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, QUIET);
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
-	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
-	return !!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, HAS_CHANGES);
-}
-
 static struct tree *empty_tree(void)
 {
 	struct tree *tree = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct tree));
@@ -279,7 +268,7 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 	} else {
 		if (get_sha1("HEAD", head))
 			die ("You do not have a valid HEAD");
-		if (index_is_dirty())
+		if (index_differs_from("HEAD", 0))
 			die ("Dirty index: cannot %s", me);
 	}
 	discard_cache();
@@ -334,9 +323,9 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	encoding = get_encoding(message);
 	if (!encoding)
-		encoding = "utf-8";
+		encoding = "UTF-8";
 	if (!git_commit_encoding)
-		git_commit_encoding = "utf-8";
+		git_commit_encoding = "UTF-8";
 	if ((reencoded_message = reencode_string(message,
 					git_commit_encoding, encoding)))
 		message = reencoded_message;
@@ -352,6 +341,11 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 		add_to_msg(oneline_body + 1);
 		add_to_msg("\"\n\nThis reverts commit ");
 		add_to_msg(sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+		if (commit->parents->next) {
+			add_to_msg(", reversing\nchanges made to ");
+			add_to_msg(sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
+		}
 		add_to_msg(".\n");
 	} else {
 		base = parent;
@@ -382,6 +376,7 @@ static int revert_or_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv)
 	    (write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	     commit_locked_index(&index_lock)))
 		die("%s: Unable to write new index file", me);
+	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
 
 	if (!clean) {
 		add_to_msg("\nConflicts:\n\n");
diff --git a/builtin-rm.c b/builtin-rm.c
index b7126e3e2..57975dbcf 100644
--- a/builtin-rm.c
+++ b/builtin-rm.c
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ static void add_list(const char *name)
 
 static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 {
-	/* items in list are already sorted in the cache order,
+	/*
+	 * Items in list are already sorted in the cache order,
 	 * so we could do this a lot more efficiently by using
 	 * tree_desc based traversal if we wanted to, but I am
 	 * lazy, and who cares if removal of files is a tad
@@ -58,8 +59,7 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
 			if (errno != ENOENT)
-				fprintf(stderr, "warning: '%s': %s",
-					ce->name, strerror(errno));
+				warning("'%s': %s", ce->name, strerror(errno));
 			/* It already vanished from the working tree */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -71,25 +71,55 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 			 */
 			continue;
 		}
+
+		/*
+		 * "rm" of a path that has changes need to be treated
+		 * carefully not to allow losing local changes
+		 * accidentally.  A local change could be (1) file in
+		 * work tree is different since the index; and/or (2)
+		 * the user staged a content that is different from
+		 * the current commit in the index.
+		 *
+		 * In such a case, you would need to --force the
+		 * removal.  However, "rm --cached" (remove only from
+		 * the index) is safe if the index matches the file in
+		 * the work tree or the HEAD commit, as it means that
+		 * the content being removed is available elsewhere.
+		 */
+
+		/*
+		 * Is the index different from the file in the work tree?
+		 */
 		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0))
 			local_changes = 1;
+
+		/*
+		 * Is the index different from the HEAD commit?  By
+		 * definition, before the very initial commit,
+		 * anything staged in the index is treated by the same
+		 * way as changed from the HEAD.
+		 */
 		if (no_head
 		     || get_tree_entry(head, name, sha1, &mode)
 		     || ce->ce_mode != create_ce_mode(mode)
 		     || hashcmp(ce->sha1, sha1))
 			staged_changes = 1;
 
-		if (local_changes && staged_changes &&
-		    !(index_only && is_empty_blob_sha1(ce->sha1)))
-			errs = error("'%s' has staged content different "
-				     "from both the file and the HEAD\n"
-				     "(use -f to force removal)", name);
+		/*
+		 * If the index does not match the file in the work
+		 * tree and if it does not match the HEAD commit
+		 * either, (1) "git rm" without --cached definitely
+		 * will lose information; (2) "git rm --cached" will
+		 * lose information unless it is about removing an
+		 * "intent to add" entry.
+		 */
+		if (local_changes && staged_changes) {
+			if (!index_only || !(ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD))
+				errs = error("'%s' has staged content different "
+					     "from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+					     "(use -f to force removal)", name);
+		}
 		else if (!index_only) {
-			/* It's not dangerous to "git rm --cached" a
-			 * file if the index matches the file or the
-			 * HEAD, since it means the deleted content is
-			 * still available somewhere.
-			 */
 			if (staged_changes)
 				errs = error("'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
 					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
@@ -127,7 +157,8 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, builtin_rm_options, builtin_rm_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_rm_options,
+			     builtin_rm_usage, 0);
 	if (!argc)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_rm_usage, builtin_rm_options);
 
@@ -226,7 +257,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!removed)
-				die("git rm: %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("git rm: '%s'", path);
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin-send-pack.c b/builtin-send-pack.c
index a9fdbf9d4..8fffdbf20 100644
--- a/builtin-send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-send-pack.c
@@ -1,24 +1,37 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "tag.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "sideband.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "send-pack.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 
 static const char send_pack_usage[] =
 "git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
 "  --all and explicit <ref> specification are mutually exclusive.";
 
-static struct send_pack_args args = {
-	/* .receivepack = */ "git-receive-pack",
-};
+static struct send_pack_args args;
+
+static int feed_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int fd, int negative)
+{
+	char buf[42];
+
+	if (negative && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
+		return 1;
+
+	memcpy(buf + negative, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+	if (negative)
+		buf[0] = '^';
+	buf[40 + negative] = '\n';
+	return write_or_whine(fd, buf, 41 + negative, "send-pack: send refs");
+}
 
 /*
  * Make a pack stream and spit it out into file descriptor fd
  */
-static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct extra_have_objects *extra)
+static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct extra_have_objects *extra, struct send_pack_args *args)
 {
 	/*
 	 * The child becomes pack-objects --revs; we feed
@@ -27,140 +40,70 @@ static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct extra_have_objects *ext
 	 */
 	const char *argv[] = {
 		"pack-objects",
-		"--all-progress",
+		"--all-progress-implied",
 		"--revs",
 		"--stdout",
 		NULL,
 		NULL,
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
 	};
 	struct child_process po;
 	int i;
-	char buf[42];
 
-	if (args.use_thin_pack)
-		argv[4] = "--thin";
+	i = 4;
+	if (args->use_thin_pack)
+		argv[i++] = "--thin";
+	if (args->use_ofs_delta)
+		argv[i++] = "--delta-base-offset";
+	if (args->quiet)
+		argv[i++] = "-q";
 	memset(&po, 0, sizeof(po));
 	po.argv = argv;
 	po.in = -1;
-	po.out = fd;
+	po.out = args->stateless_rpc ? -1 : fd;
 	po.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&po))
-		die("git pack-objects failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("git pack-objects failed");
 
 	/*
 	 * We feed the pack-objects we just spawned with revision
 	 * parameters by writing to the pipe.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++) {
-		memcpy(buf + 1, sha1_to_hex(&extra->array[i][0]), 40);
-		buf[0] = '^';
-		buf[41] = '\n';
-		if (!write_or_whine(po.in, buf, 42, "send-pack: send refs"))
+	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++)
+		if (!feed_object(extra->array[i], po.in, 1))
 			break;
-	}
 
 	while (refs) {
 		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->old_sha1) &&
-		    has_sha1_file(refs->old_sha1)) {
-			memcpy(buf + 1, sha1_to_hex(refs->old_sha1), 40);
-			buf[0] = '^';
-			buf[41] = '\n';
-			if (!write_or_whine(po.in, buf, 42,
-						"send-pack: send refs"))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1)) {
-			memcpy(buf, sha1_to_hex(refs->new_sha1), 40);
-			buf[40] = '\n';
-			if (!write_or_whine(po.in, buf, 41,
-						"send-pack: send refs"))
-				break;
-		}
+		    !feed_object(refs->old_sha1, po.in, 1))
+			break;
+		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1) &&
+		    !feed_object(refs->new_sha1, po.in, 0))
+			break;
 		refs = refs->next;
 	}
 
 	close(po.in);
-	if (finish_command(&po))
-		return error("pack-objects died with strange error");
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *temp = list;
-		temp->item->object.flags &= ~mark;
-		list = temp->next;
-		free(temp);
-	}
-}
-
-static int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		     const unsigned char *old_sha1)
-{
-	struct object *o;
-	struct commit *old, *new;
-	struct commit_list *list, *used;
-	int found = 0;
-
-	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
-	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
-	 */
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	old = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(new_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	new = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	if (parse_commit(new) < 0)
-		return 0;
 
-	used = list = NULL;
-	commit_list_insert(new, &list);
-	while (list) {
-		new = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, 1);
-		commit_list_insert(new, &used);
-		if (new == old) {
-			found = 1;
-			break;
+	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
+		char *buf = xmalloc(LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		while (1) {
+			ssize_t n = xread(po.out, buf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+			if (n <= 0)
+				break;
+			send_sideband(fd, -1, buf, n, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
 		}
+		free(buf);
+		close(po.out);
+		po.out = -1;
 	}
-	unmark_and_free(list, 1);
-	unmark_and_free(used, 1);
-	return found;
-}
-
-static struct ref *local_refs, **local_tail;
-static struct ref *remote_refs, **remote_tail;
 
-static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int len;
-
-	/* we already know it starts with refs/ to get here */
-	if (check_ref_format(refname + 5))
-		return 0;
-
-	len = strlen(refname) + 1;
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
-	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
-	*local_tail = ref;
-	local_tail = &ref->next;
+	if (finish_command(&po))
+		return error("pack-objects died with strange error");
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void get_local_heads(void)
-{
-	local_tail = &local_refs;
-	for_each_ref(one_local_ref, NULL);
-}
-
 static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
 {
 	struct ref *hint;
@@ -248,25 +191,15 @@ static void update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref)
 	}
 }
 
-static const char *prettify_ref(const struct ref *ref)
-{
-	const char *name = ref->name;
-	return name + (
-		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/") ? 11 :
-		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/") ? 10 :
-		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/remotes/") ? 13 :
-		0);
-}
-
 #define SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
 
 static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary, struct ref *to, struct ref *from, const char *msg)
 {
 	fprintf(stderr, " %c %-*s ", flag, SUMMARY_WIDTH, summary);
 	if (from)
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s", prettify_ref(from), prettify_ref(to));
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s", prettify_refname(from->name), prettify_refname(to->name));
 	else
-		fputs(prettify_ref(to), stderr);
+		fputs(prettify_refname(to->name), stderr);
 	if (msg) {
 		fputs(" (", stderr);
 		fputs(msg, stderr);
@@ -329,7 +262,7 @@ static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count)
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
-				"non-fast forward");
+				"non-fast-forward");
 		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
@@ -386,47 +319,85 @@ static int refs_pushed(struct ref *ref)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int do_send_pack(int in, int out, struct remote *remote, const char *dest, int nr_refspec, const char **refspec)
+static void print_helper_status(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		const char *msg = NULL;
+		const char *res;
+
+		switch(ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "no match";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_OK:
+			res = "ok";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+			res = "ok";
+			msg = "up to date";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "non-fast forward";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
+		case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
+			res = "error";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT:
+		default:
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s %s", res, ref->name);
+		if (ref->remote_status)
+			msg = ref->remote_status;
+		if (msg) {
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, ' ');
+			quote_two_c_style(&buf, "", msg, 0);
+		}
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+
+		safe_write(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
+	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+	      struct ref *remote_refs,
+	      struct extra_have_objects *extra_have)
 {
+	int in = fd[0];
+	int out = fd[1];
+	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct ref *ref;
 	int new_refs;
 	int ask_for_status_report = 0;
 	int allow_deleting_refs = 0;
 	int expect_status_report = 0;
-	int flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
 	int ret;
-	struct extra_have_objects extra_have;
-
-	memset(&extra_have, 0, sizeof(extra_have));
-	if (args.send_all)
-		flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
-	if (args.send_mirror)
-		flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
-
-	/* No funny business with the matcher */
-	remote_tail = get_remote_heads(in, &remote_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL,
-				       &extra_have);
-	get_local_heads();
 
 	/* Does the other end support the reporting? */
 	if (server_supports("report-status"))
 		ask_for_status_report = 1;
 	if (server_supports("delete-refs"))
 		allow_deleting_refs = 1;
-
-	/* match them up */
-	if (!remote_tail)
-		remote_tail = &remote_refs;
-	if (match_refs(local_refs, remote_refs, &remote_tail,
-		       nr_refspec, refspec, flags)) {
-		close(out);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (server_supports("ofs-delta"))
+		args->use_ofs_delta = 1;
 
 	if (!remote_refs) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n"
 			"Perhaps you should specify a branch such as 'master'.\n");
-		close(out);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -438,7 +409,7 @@ static int do_send_pack(int in, int out, struct remote *remote, const char *dest
 
 		if (ref->peer_ref)
 			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
-		else if (!args.send_mirror)
+		else if (!args->send_mirror)
 			continue;
 
 		ref->deletion = is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1);
@@ -477,7 +448,7 @@ static int do_send_pack(int in, int out, struct remote *remote, const char *dest
 		    (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)
 		      || !ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1));
 
-		if (ref->nonfastforward && !ref->force && !args.force_update) {
+		if (ref->nonfastforward && !ref->force && !args->force_update) {
 			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -485,19 +456,19 @@ static int do_send_pack(int in, int out, struct remote *remote, const char *dest
 		if (!ref->deletion)
 			new_refs++;
 
-		if (!args.dry_run) {
+		if (!args->dry_run) {
 			char *old_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1);
 			char *new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
 
 			if (ask_for_status_report) {
-				packet_write(out, "%s %s %s%c%s",
+				packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s %s %s%c%s",
 					old_hex, new_hex, ref->name, 0,
 					"report-status");
 				ask_for_status_report = 0;
 				expect_status_report = 1;
 			}
 			else
-				packet_write(out, "%s %s %s",
+				packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s %s %s",
 					old_hex, new_hex, ref->name);
 		}
 		ref->status = expect_status_report ?
@@ -505,28 +476,34 @@ static int do_send_pack(int in, int out, struct remote *remote, const char *dest
 			REF_STATUS_OK;
 	}
 
-	packet_flush(out);
-	if (new_refs && !args.dry_run) {
-		if (pack_objects(out, remote_refs, &extra_have) < 0)
+	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
+		if (!args->dry_run) {
+			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+			send_sideband(out, -1, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		}
+	} else {
+		safe_write(out, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len);
+		packet_flush(out);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+
+	if (new_refs && !args->dry_run) {
+		if (pack_objects(out, remote_refs, extra_have, args) < 0) {
+			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+				ref->status = REF_STATUS_NONE;
 			return -1;
+		}
 	}
-	else
-		close(out);
+	if (args->stateless_rpc && !args->dry_run)
+		packet_flush(out);
 
 	if (expect_status_report)
 		ret = receive_status(in, remote_refs);
 	else
 		ret = 0;
+	if (args->stateless_rpc)
+		packet_flush(out);
 
-	print_push_status(dest, remote_refs);
-
-	if (!args.dry_run && remote) {
-		for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
-			update_tracking_ref(remote, ref);
-	}
-
-	if (!refs_pushed(remote_refs))
-		fprintf(stderr, "Everything up-to-date\n");
 	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
@@ -575,11 +552,20 @@ static void verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, const char **heads)
 
 int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, nr_heads = 0;
-	const char **heads = NULL;
+	int i, nr_refspecs = 0;
+	const char **refspecs = NULL;
 	const char *remote_name = NULL;
 	struct remote *remote = NULL;
 	const char *dest = NULL;
+	int fd[2];
+	struct child_process *conn;
+	struct extra_have_objects extra_have;
+	struct ref *remote_refs, *local_refs;
+	int ret;
+	int helper_status = 0;
+	int send_all = 0;
+	const char *receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
+	int flags;
 
 	argv++;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
@@ -587,11 +573,11 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--receive-pack=")) {
-				args.receivepack = arg + 15;
+				receivepack = arg + 15;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-				args.receivepack = arg + 7;
+				receivepack = arg + 7;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--remote=")) {
@@ -599,7 +585,7 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
-				args.send_all = 1;
+				send_all = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--dry-run")) {
@@ -622,14 +608,22 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				args.use_thin_pack = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--stateless-rpc")) {
+				args.stateless_rpc = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--helper-status")) {
+				helper_status = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			usage(send_pack_usage);
 		}
 		if (!dest) {
 			dest = arg;
 			continue;
 		}
-		heads = (const char **) argv;
-		nr_heads = argc - i;
+		refspecs = (const char **) argv;
+		nr_refspecs = argc - i;
 		break;
 	}
 	if (!dest)
@@ -638,8 +632,8 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * --all and --mirror are incompatible; neither makes sense
 	 * with any refspecs.
 	 */
-	if ((heads && (args.send_all || args.send_mirror)) ||
-					(args.send_all && args.send_mirror))
+	if ((refspecs && (send_all || args.send_mirror)) ||
+	    (send_all && args.send_mirror))
 		usage(send_pack_usage);
 
 	if (remote_name) {
@@ -650,24 +644,56 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 	}
 
-	return send_pack(&args, dest, remote, nr_heads, heads);
-}
+	if (args.stateless_rpc) {
+		conn = NULL;
+		fd[0] = 0;
+		fd[1] = 1;
+	} else {
+		conn = git_connect(fd, dest, receivepack,
+			args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
+	}
 
-int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *my_args,
-	      const char *dest, struct remote *remote,
-	      int nr_heads, const char **heads)
-{
-	int fd[2], ret;
-	struct child_process *conn;
+	memset(&extra_have, 0, sizeof(extra_have));
+
+	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &remote_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL,
+			 &extra_have);
+
+	verify_remote_names(nr_refspecs, refspecs);
+
+	local_refs = get_local_heads();
+
+	flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
+
+	if (send_all)
+		flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
+	if (args.send_mirror)
+		flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
 
-	memcpy(&args, my_args, sizeof(args));
+	/* match them up */
+	if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, nr_refspecs, refspecs, flags))
+		return -1;
 
-	verify_remote_names(nr_heads, heads);
+	ret = send_pack(&args, fd, conn, remote_refs, &extra_have);
 
-	conn = git_connect(fd, dest, args.receivepack, args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
-	ret = do_send_pack(fd[0], fd[1], remote, dest, nr_heads, heads);
+	if (helper_status)
+		print_helper_status(remote_refs);
+
+	close(fd[1]);
 	close(fd[0]);
-	/* do_send_pack always closes fd[1] */
+
 	ret |= finish_connect(conn);
-	return !!ret;
+
+	if (!helper_status)
+		print_push_status(dest, remote_refs);
+
+	if (!args.dry_run && remote) {
+		struct ref *ref;
+		for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+			update_tracking_ref(remote, ref);
+	}
+
+	if (!ret && !refs_pushed(remote_refs))
+		fprintf(stderr, "Everything up-to-date\n");
+
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-shortlog.c b/builtin-shortlog.c
index d03f14fda..b3b055f68 100644
--- a/builtin-shortlog.c
+++ b/builtin-shortlog.c
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ static int compare_by_number(const void *a1, const void *a2)
 		return -1;
 }
 
+const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
+			   const char *line_separator);
+
 static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 			      const char *author,
 			      const char *oneline)
@@ -36,11 +39,12 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 	const char *dot3 = log->common_repo_prefix;
 	char *buffer, *p;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
-	struct string_list *onelines;
 	char namebuf[1024];
+	char emailbuf[1024];
 	size_t len;
 	const char *eol;
 	const char *boemail, *eoemail;
+	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	boemail = strchr(author, '<');
 	if (!boemail)
@@ -48,7 +52,19 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 	eoemail = strchr(boemail, '>');
 	if (!eoemail)
 		return;
-	if (!map_email(&log->mailmap, boemail+1, namebuf, sizeof(namebuf))) {
+
+	/* copy author name to namebuf, to support matching on both name and email */
+	memcpy(namebuf, author, boemail - author);
+	len = boemail - author;
+	while (len > 0 && isspace(namebuf[len-1]))
+		len--;
+	namebuf[len] = 0;
+
+	/* copy email name to emailbuf, to allow email replacement as well */
+	memcpy(emailbuf, boemail+1, eoemail - boemail);
+	emailbuf[eoemail - boemail - 1] = 0;
+
+	if (!map_user(&log->mailmap, emailbuf, sizeof(emailbuf), namebuf, sizeof(namebuf))) {
 		while (author < boemail && isspace(*author))
 			author++;
 		for (len = 0;
@@ -64,16 +80,13 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 
 	if (log->email) {
 		size_t room = sizeof(namebuf) - len - 1;
-		int maillen = eoemail - boemail + 1;
-		snprintf(namebuf + len, room, " %.*s", maillen, boemail);
+		int maillen = strlen(emailbuf);
+		snprintf(namebuf + len, room, " <%.*s>", maillen, emailbuf);
 	}
 
-	buffer = xstrdup(namebuf);
-	item = string_list_insert(buffer, &log->list);
+	item = string_list_insert(namebuf, &log->list);
 	if (item->util == NULL)
 		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
-	else
-		free(buffer);
 
 	/* Skip any leading whitespace, including any blank lines. */
 	while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline))
@@ -88,10 +101,8 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 	}
 	while (*oneline && isspace(*oneline) && *oneline != '\n')
 		oneline++;
-	len = eol - oneline;
-	while (len && isspace(oneline[len-1]))
-		len--;
-	buffer = xmemdupz(oneline, len);
+	format_subject(&subject, oneline, " ");
+	buffer = strbuf_detach(&subject, NULL);
 
 	if (dot3) {
 		int dot3len = strlen(dot3);
@@ -104,16 +115,7 @@ static void insert_one_record(struct shortlog *log,
 		}
 	}
 
-	onelines = item->util;
-	if (onelines->nr >= onelines->alloc) {
-		onelines->alloc = alloc_nr(onelines->nr);
-		onelines->items = xrealloc(onelines->items,
-				onelines->alloc
-				* sizeof(struct string_list_item));
-	}
-
-	onelines->items[onelines->nr].util = NULL;
-	onelines->items[onelines->nr++].string = buffer;
+	string_list_append(buffer, item->util);
 }
 
 static void read_from_stdin(struct shortlog *log)
@@ -137,8 +139,12 @@ static void read_from_stdin(struct shortlog *log)
 void shortlog_add_commit(struct shortlog *log, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	const char *author = NULL, *buffer;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf ufbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
-	buffer = commit->buffer;
+	pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_RAW, commit, &buf, &ctx);
+	buffer = buf.buf;
 	while (*buffer && *buffer != '\n') {
 		const char *eol = strchr(buffer, '\n');
 
@@ -155,17 +161,19 @@ void shortlog_add_commit(struct shortlog *log, struct commit *commit)
 		die("Missing author: %s",
 		    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 	if (log->user_format) {
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT, commit, &buf,
-			DEFAULT_ABBREV, "", "", DATE_NORMAL, 0);
-		insert_one_record(log, author, buf.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		return;
-	}
-	if (*buffer)
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		ctx.abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+		ctx.subject = "";
+		ctx.after_subject = "";
+		ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT, commit, &ufbuf, &ctx);
+		buffer = ufbuf.buf;
+	} else if (*buffer) {
 		buffer++;
+	}
 	insert_one_record(log, author, !*buffer ? "<none>" : buffer);
+	strbuf_release(&ufbuf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static void get_from_rev(struct rev_info *rev, struct shortlog *log)
@@ -229,7 +237,7 @@ void shortlog_init(struct shortlog *log)
 {
 	memset(log, 0, sizeof(*log));
 
-	read_mailmap(&log->mailmap, ".mailmap", &log->common_repo_prefix);
+	read_mailmap(&log->mailmap, &log->common_repo_prefix);
 
 	log->list.strdup_strings = 1;
 	log->wrap = DEFAULT_WRAPLEN;
@@ -258,9 +266,10 @@ int cmd_shortlog(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
 
 	prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	shortlog_init(&log);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
-	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
 			    PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 
 	for (;;) {
@@ -323,13 +332,12 @@ void shortlog_output(struct shortlog *log)
 		}
 
 		onelines->strdup_strings = 1;
-		string_list_clear(onelines, 1);
+		string_list_clear(onelines, 0);
 		free(onelines);
 		log->list.items[i].util = NULL;
 	}
 
 	log->list.strdup_strings = 1;
 	string_list_clear(&log->list, 1);
-	log->mailmap.strdup_strings = 1;
-	string_list_clear(&log->mailmap, 1);
+	clear_mailmap(&log->mailmap);
 }
diff --git a/builtin-show-branch.c b/builtin-show-branch.c
index 306b850c7..9f13caa76 100644
--- a/builtin-show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin-show-branch.c
@@ -2,11 +2,26 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char show_branch_usage[] =
-"git show-branch [--sparse] [--current] [--all] [--remotes] [--topo-order] [--more=count | --list | --independent | --merge-base ] [--topics] [<refs>...] | --reflog[=n[,b]] <branch>";
-static const char show_branch_usage_reflog[] =
-"--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, --independent or --merge-base";
+static const char* show_branch_usage[] = {
+    "git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--current] [--color | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [<rev> | <glob>]...",
+    "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]",
+    NULL
+};
+
+static int showbranch_use_color = -1;
+static char column_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,
+	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,
+	GIT_COLOR_BLUE,
+	GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA,
+	GIT_COLOR_CYAN,
+};
+
+#define COLUMN_COLORS_MAX (ARRAY_SIZE(column_colors))
 
 static int default_num;
 static int default_alloc;
@@ -19,6 +34,20 @@ static const char **default_arg;
 
 #define DEFAULT_REFLOG	4
 
+static const char *get_color_code(int idx)
+{
+	if (showbranch_use_color)
+		return column_colors[idx];
+	return "";
+}
+
+static const char *get_color_reset_code(void)
+{
+	if (showbranch_use_color)
+		return GIT_COLOR_RESET;
+	return "";
+}
+
 static struct commit *interesting(struct commit_list *list)
 {
 	while (list) {
@@ -264,8 +293,8 @@ static void show_one_commit(struct commit *commit, int no_name)
 	struct commit_name *name = commit->util;
 
 	if (commit->object.parsed) {
-		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit,
-				    &pretty, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		pretty_print_commit(CMIT_FMT_ONELINE, commit, &pretty, &ctx);
 		pretty_str = pretty.buf;
 	}
 	if (!prefixcmp(pretty_str, "[PATCH] "))
@@ -365,8 +394,7 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 				return 0;
 	}
 	if (MAX_REVS <= ref_name_cnt) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: ignoring %s; "
-			"cannot handle more than %d refs\n",
+		warning("ignoring %s; cannot handle more than %d refs",
 			refname, MAX_REVS);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -537,7 +565,15 @@ static int git_show_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	if (!strcmp(var, "showbranch.default")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		if (default_alloc <= default_num + 1) {
+		/*
+		 * default_arg is now passed to parse_options(), so we need to
+		 * mimick the real argv a bit better.
+		 */
+		if (!default_num) {
+			default_alloc = 20;
+			default_arg = xcalloc(default_alloc, sizeof(*default_arg));
+			default_arg[default_num++] = "show-branch";
+		} else if (default_alloc <= default_num + 1) {
 			default_alloc = default_alloc * 3 / 2 + 20;
 			default_arg = xrealloc(default_arg, sizeof *default_arg * default_alloc);
 		}
@@ -546,7 +582,12 @@ static int git_show_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.showbranch")) {
+		showbranch_use_color = git_config_colorbool(var, value, -1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
 static int omit_in_dense(struct commit *commit, struct commit **rev, int n)
@@ -570,18 +611,25 @@ static int omit_in_dense(struct commit *commit, struct commit **rev, int n)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void parse_reflog_param(const char *arg, int *cnt, const char **base)
+static int reflog = 0;
+
+static int parse_reflog_param(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+			      int unset)
 {
 	char *ep;
-	*cnt = strtoul(arg, &ep, 10);
+	const char **base = (const char **)opt->value;
+	if (!arg)
+		arg = "";
+	reflog = strtoul(arg, &ep, 10);
 	if (*ep == ',')
 		*base = ep + 1;
 	else if (*ep)
-		die("unrecognized reflog param '%s'", arg + 9);
+		return error("unrecognized reflog param '%s'", arg);
 	else
 		*base = NULL;
-	if (*cnt <= 0)
-		*cnt = DEFAULT_REFLOG;
+	if (reflog <= 0)
+		reflog = DEFAULT_REFLOG;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
@@ -607,70 +655,67 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 	int head_at = -1;
 	int topics = 0;
 	int dense = 1;
-	int reflog = 0;
 	const char *reflog_base = NULL;
+	struct option builtin_show_branch_options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all_heads,
+			    "show remote-tracking and local branches"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('r', "remotes", &all_remotes,
+			    "show remote-tracking branches"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "color", &showbranch_use_color,
+			    "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"),
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "more", &extra, "n",
+			    "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)1 },
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "list", &extra, "synonym to more=-1", -1),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-name", &no_name, "suppress naming strings"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "current", &with_current_branch,
+			    "include the current branch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "sha1-name", &sha1_name,
+			    "name commits with their object names"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "merge-base", &merge_base,
+			    "show possible merge bases"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "independent", &independent,
+			    "show refs unreachable from any other ref"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topo-order", &lifo,
+			    "show commits in topological order"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topics", &topics,
+			    "show only commits not on the first branch"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "sparse", &dense,
+			    "show merges reachable from only one tip", 0),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "date-order", &lifo,
+			    "show commits where no parent comes before its "
+			    "children", 0),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'g', "reflog", &reflog_base, "<n>[,<base>]",
+			    "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at "
+			    "base",
+			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
+			    parse_reflog_param },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	git_config(git_show_branch_config, NULL);
 
+	if (showbranch_use_color == -1)
+		showbranch_use_color = git_use_color_default;
+
 	/* If nothing is specified, try the default first */
 	if (ac == 1 && default_num) {
-		ac = default_num + 1;
-		av = default_arg - 1; /* ick; we would not address av[0] */
+		ac = default_num;
+		av = default_arg;
 	}
 
-	while (1 < ac && av[1][0] == '-') {
-		const char *arg = av[1];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			ac--; av++;
-			break;
-		}
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--all") || !strcmp(arg, "-a"))
-			all_heads = all_remotes = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remotes") || !strcmp(arg, "-r"))
-			all_remotes = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--more"))
-			extra = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--list"))
-			extra = -1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-name"))
-			no_name = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--current"))
-			with_current_branch = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--sha1-name"))
-			sha1_name = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--more="))
-			extra = atoi(arg + 7);
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merge-base"))
-			merge_base = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--independent"))
-			independent = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--topo-order"))
-			lifo = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--topics"))
-			topics = 1;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--sparse"))
-			dense = 0;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--date-order"))
-			lifo = 0;
-		else if (!strcmp(arg, "--reflog") || !strcmp(arg, "-g")) {
-			reflog = DEFAULT_REFLOG;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--reflog="))
-			parse_reflog_param(arg + 9, &reflog, &reflog_base);
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-g="))
-			parse_reflog_param(arg + 3, &reflog, &reflog_base);
-		else
-			usage(show_branch_usage);
-		ac--; av++;
-	}
-	ac--; av++;
+	ac = parse_options(ac, av, prefix, builtin_show_branch_options,
+			   show_branch_usage, PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
+	if (all_heads)
+		all_remotes = 1;
 
 	if (extra || reflog) {
 		/* "listing" mode is incompatible with
 		 * independent nor merge-base modes.
 		 */
 		if (independent || merge_base)
-			usage(show_branch_usage);
+			usage_with_options(show_branch_usage,
+					   builtin_show_branch_options);
 		if (reflog && ((0 < extra) || all_heads || all_remotes))
 			/*
 			 * Asking for --more in reflog mode does not
@@ -678,7 +723,8 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			 *
 			 * Also --all and --remotes do not make sense either.
 			 */
-			usage(show_branch_usage_reflog);
+			die("--reflog is incompatible with --all, --remotes, "
+			    "--independent or --merge-base");
 	}
 
 	/* If nothing is specified, show all branches by default */
@@ -844,8 +890,10 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 			else {
 				for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
 					putchar(' ');
-				printf("%c [%s] ",
-				       is_head ? '*' : '!', ref_name[i]);
+				printf("%s%c%s [%s] ",
+				       get_color_code(i % COLUMN_COLORS_MAX),
+				       is_head ? '*' : '!',
+				       get_color_reset_code(), ref_name[i]);
 			}
 
 			if (!reflog) {
@@ -904,7 +952,9 @@ int cmd_show_branch(int ac, const char **av, const char *prefix)
 					mark = '*';
 				else
 					mark = '+';
-				putchar(mark);
+				printf("%s%c%s",
+				       get_color_code(i % COLUMN_COLORS_MAX),
+				       mark, get_color_reset_code());
 			}
 			putchar(' ');
 		}
diff --git a/builtin-show-ref.c b/builtin-show-ref.c
index 572b11411..17ada88df 100644
--- a/builtin-show-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-show-ref.c
@@ -4,12 +4,18 @@
 #include "object.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char show_ref_usage[] = "git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [-h|--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash[=<length>]] [--abbrev[=<length>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] < ref-list";
+static const char * const show_ref_usage[] = {
+	"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] ",
+	"git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list",
+	NULL
+};
 
-static int deref_tags = 0, show_head = 0, tags_only = 0, heads_only = 0,
-	found_match = 0, verify = 0, quiet = 0, hash_only = 0, abbrev = 0;
+static int deref_tags, show_head, tags_only, heads_only, found_match, verify,
+	   quiet, hash_only, abbrev, exclude_arg;
 static const char **pattern;
+static const char *exclude_existing_arg;
 
 static void show_one(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -140,7 +146,7 @@ static int exclude_existing(const char *match)
 				continue;
 		}
 		if (check_ref_format(ref)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "warning: ref '%s' ignored\n", ref);
+			warning("ref '%s' ignored", ref);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!string_list_has_string(&existing_refs, ref)) {
@@ -150,79 +156,66 @@ static int exclude_existing(const char *match)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int hash_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	hash_only = 1;
+	/* Use full length SHA1 if no argument */
+	if (!arg)
+		return 0;
+	return parse_opt_abbrev_cb(opt, arg, unset);
+}
+
+static int exclude_existing_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
+				     int unset)
+{
+	exclude_arg = 1;
+	*(const char **)opt->value = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int help_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static const struct option show_ref_options[] = {
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &tags_only, "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "heads", &heads_only, "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "verify", &verify, "stricter reference checking, "
+		    "requires exact ref path"),
+	{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 'h', NULL, &show_head, NULL,
+	  "show the HEAD reference",
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "head", &show_head, "show the HEAD reference"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "dereference", &deref_tags,
+		    "dereference tags into object IDs"),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 's', "hash", &abbrev, "n",
+	  "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits",
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &hash_callback },
+	OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-existing", &exclude_existing_arg,
+	  "pattern", "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository",
+	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_existing_callback },
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", NULL, NULL, "show usage",
+	  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
 int cmd_show_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage_with_options(show_ref_usage, show_ref_options);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (*arg != '-') {
-			pattern = argv + i;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
-			pattern = argv + i + 1;
-			if (!*pattern)
-				pattern = NULL;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-q") || !strcmp(arg, "--quiet")) {
-			quiet = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-h") || !strcmp(arg, "--head")) {
-			show_head = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-d") || !strcmp(arg, "--dereference")) {
-			deref_tags = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "-s") || !strcmp(arg, "--hash")) {
-			hash_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--hash=") ||
-		    (!prefixcmp(arg, "--abbrev") &&
-		     (arg[8] == '=' || arg[8] == '\0'))) {
-			if (arg[2] != 'h' && !arg[8])
-				/* --abbrev only */
-				abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-			else {
-				/* --hash= or --abbrev= */
-				char *end;
-				if (arg[2] == 'h') {
-					hash_only = 1;
-					arg += 7;
-				}
-				else
-					arg += 9;
-				abbrev = strtoul(arg, &end, 10);
-				if (*end || abbrev > 40)
-					usage(show_ref_usage);
-				if (abbrev < MINIMUM_ABBREV)
-					abbrev = MINIMUM_ABBREV;
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--verify")) {
-			verify = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
-			tags_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--heads")) {
-			heads_only = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--exclude-existing"))
-			return exclude_existing(NULL);
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exclude-existing="))
-			return exclude_existing(arg + 19);
-		usage(show_ref_usage);
-	}
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, show_ref_options,
+			     show_ref_usage, PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
+
+	if (exclude_arg)
+		return exclude_existing(exclude_existing_arg);
+
+	pattern = argv;
+	if (!*pattern)
+		pattern = NULL;
 
 	if (verify) {
 		if (!pattern)
diff --git a/builtin-stripspace.c b/builtin-stripspace.c
index d6e3896c0..4d3b93fed 100644
--- a/builtin-stripspace.c
+++ b/builtin-stripspace.c
@@ -73,12 +73,14 @@ int cmd_stripspace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int strip_comments = 0;
 
-	if (argc > 1 && (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
+	if (argc == 2 && (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
 				!strcmp(argv[1], "--strip-comments")))
 		strip_comments = 1;
+	else if (argc > 1)
+		usage("git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments] < <stream>");
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
-		die("could not read the input");
+		die_errno("could not read the input");
 
 	stripspace(&buf, strip_comments);
 
diff --git a/builtin-symbolic-ref.c b/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
index bfc78bb3f..ca855a5eb 100644
--- a/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, git_symbolic_ref_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			     git_symbolic_ref_usage, 0);
 	if (msg &&!*msg)
 		die("Refusing to perform update with empty message");
 	switch (argc) {
@@ -44,6 +45,9 @@ int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		check_symref(argv[0], quiet);
 		break;
 	case 2:
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD") &&
+		    prefixcmp(argv[1], "refs/"))
+			die("Refusing to point HEAD outside of refs/");
 		create_symref(argv[0], argv[1], msg);
 		break;
 	default:
diff --git a/builtin-tag.c b/builtin-tag.c
index d339971fa..c4790185e 100644
--- a/builtin-tag.c
+++ b/builtin-tag.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ static char signingkey[1000];
 struct tag_filter {
 	const char *pattern;
 	int lines;
+	struct commit_list *with_commit;
 };
 
 #define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
@@ -42,6 +43,16 @@ static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 		char *buf, *sp, *eol;
 		size_t len;
 
+		if (filter->with_commit) {
+			struct commit *commit;
+
+			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+			if (!commit)
+				return 0;
+			if (!is_descendant_of(commit, filter->with_commit))
+				return 0;
+		}
+
 		if (!filter->lines) {
 			printf("%s\n", refname);
 			return 0;
@@ -79,7 +90,8 @@ static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int list_tags(const char *pattern, int lines)
+static int list_tags(const char *pattern, int lines,
+			struct commit_list *with_commit)
 {
 	struct tag_filter filter;
 
@@ -88,6 +100,7 @@ static int list_tags(const char *pattern, int lines)
 
 	filter.pattern = pattern;
 	filter.lines = lines;
+	filter.with_commit = with_commit;
 
 	for_each_tag_ref(show_reference, (void *) &filter);
 
@@ -253,6 +266,15 @@ static void write_tag_body(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
 	free(buf);
 }
 
+static int build_tag_object(struct strbuf *buf, int sign, unsigned char *result)
+{
+	if (sign && do_sign(buf) < 0)
+		return error("unable to sign the tag");
+	if (write_sha1_file(buf->buf, buf->len, tag_type, result) < 0)
+		return error("unable to write tag file");
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 		       struct strbuf *buf, int message, int sign,
 		       unsigned char *prev, unsigned char *result)
@@ -260,6 +282,7 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 	enum object_type type;
 	char header_buf[1024];
 	int header_len;
+	char *path = NULL;
 
 	type = sha1_object_info(object, NULL);
 	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
@@ -279,15 +302,13 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 		die("tag header too big.");
 
 	if (!message) {
-		char *path;
 		int fd;
 
 		/* write the template message before editing: */
 		path = git_pathdup("TAG_EDITMSG");
 		fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die("could not create file '%s': %s",
-						path, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("could not create file '%s'", path);
 
 		if (!is_null_sha1(prev))
 			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
@@ -300,9 +321,6 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 			"Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
-
-		unlink(path);
-		free(path);
 	}
 
 	stripspace(buf, 1);
@@ -312,10 +330,16 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 
 	strbuf_insert(buf, 0, header_buf, header_len);
 
-	if (sign && do_sign(buf) < 0)
-		die("unable to sign the tag");
-	if (write_sha1_file(buf->buf, buf->len, tag_type, result) < 0)
-		die("unable to write tag file");
+	if (build_tag_object(buf, sign, result) < 0) {
+		if (path)
+			fprintf(stderr, "The tag message has been left in %s\n",
+				path);
+		exit(128);
+	}
+	if (path) {
+		unlink_or_warn(path);
+		free(path);
+	}
 }
 
 struct msg_arg {
@@ -348,10 +372,11 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		list = 0, delete = 0, verify = 0;
 	const char *msgfile = NULL, *keyid = NULL;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &list, "list tag names"),
-		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &lines, NULL,
-				"print n lines of each tag message",
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &lines, "n",
+				"print <n> lines of each tag message",
 				PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, 1 },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, "delete tags"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', NULL, &verify, "verify tags"),
@@ -361,18 +386,25 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					"annotated tag, needs a message"),
 		OPT_CALLBACK('m', NULL, &msg, "msg",
 			     "message for the tag", parse_msg_arg),
-		OPT_STRING('F', NULL, &msgfile, "file", "message in a file"),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', NULL, &msgfile, "message in a file"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', NULL, &sign, "annotated and GPG-signed tag"),
 		OPT_STRING('u', NULL, &keyid, "key-id",
 					"use another key to sign the tag"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "replace the tag if exists"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force, "replace the tag if exists"),
+
+		OPT_GROUP("Tag listing options"),
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
+			"print only tags that contain the commit",
+			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
+		},
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_tag_config, NULL);
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, git_tag_usage, 0);
-	msgfile = parse_options_fix_filename(prefix, msgfile);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_tag_usage, 0);
 
 	if (keyid) {
 		sign = 1;
@@ -390,9 +422,12 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (list + delete + verify > 1)
 		usage_with_options(git_tag_usage, options);
 	if (list)
-		return list_tags(argv[0], lines == -1 ? 0 : lines);
+		return list_tags(argv[0], lines == -1 ? 0 : lines,
+				 with_commit);
 	if (lines != -1)
 		die("-n option is only allowed with -l.");
+	if (with_commit)
+		die("--contains option is only allowed with -l.");
 	if (delete)
 		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag);
 	if (verify)
@@ -407,11 +442,11 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		else {
 			if (!strcmp(msgfile, "-")) {
 				if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
-					die("cannot read %s", msgfile);
+					die_errno("cannot read '%s'", msgfile);
 			} else {
 				if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, msgfile, 1024) < 0)
-					die("could not open or read '%s': %s",
-						msgfile, strerror(errno));
+					die_errno("could not open or read '%s'",
+						msgfile);
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/builtin-tar-tree.c b/builtin-tar-tree.c
index 0713bca77..3f1e7012d 100644
--- a/builtin-tar-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-tar-tree.c
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ static const char tar_tree_usage[] =
 "git tar-tree [--remote=<repo>] <tree-ish> [basedir]\n"
 "*** Note that this command is now deprecated; use \"git archive\" instead.";
 
+static const char builtin_get_tar_commit_id_usage[] =
+"git get-tar-commit-id < <tarfile>";
+
 int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	/*
@@ -24,7 +27,7 @@ int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * 	git archive --format-tar --prefix=basedir tree-ish
 	 */
 	int i;
-	const char **nargv = xcalloc(sizeof(*nargv), argc + 2);
+	const char **nargv = xcalloc(sizeof(*nargv), argc + 3);
 	char *basedir_arg;
 	int nargc = 0;
 
@@ -36,6 +39,13 @@ int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		argv++;
 		argc--;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Because it's just a compatibility wrapper, tar-tree supports only
+	 * the old behaviour of reading attributes from the work tree.
+	 */
+	nargv[nargc++] = "--worktree-attributes";
+
 	switch (argc) {
 	default:
 		usage(tar_tree_usage);
@@ -74,6 +84,9 @@ int cmd_get_tar_commit_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	char *content = buffer + RECORDSIZE;
 	ssize_t n;
 
+	if (argc != 1)
+		usage(builtin_get_tar_commit_id_usage);
+
 	n = read_in_full(0, buffer, HEADERSIZE);
 	if (n < HEADERSIZE)
 		die("git get-tar-commit-id: read error");
@@ -84,7 +97,7 @@ int cmd_get_tar_commit_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	n = write_in_full(1, content + 11, 41);
 	if (n < 41)
-		die("git get-tar-commit-id: write error");
+		die_errno("git get-tar-commit-id: write error");
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-unpack-objects.c b/builtin-unpack-objects.c
index 47ed61067..685566e0b 100644
--- a/builtin-unpack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin-unpack-objects.c
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ static void *fill(int min)
 		if (ret <= 0) {
 			if (!ret)
 				die("early EOF");
-			die("read error on input: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("read error on input");
 		}
 		len += ret;
 	} while (len < min);
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
 	stream.avail_out = size;
 	stream.next_in = fill(1);
 	stream.avail_in = len;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int ret = inflate(&stream, 0);
+		int ret = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
 		use(len - stream.avail_in);
 		if (stream.total_out == size && ret == Z_STREAM_END)
 			break;
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ static void *get_data(unsigned long size)
 		stream.next_in = fill(1);
 		stream.avail_in = len;
 	}
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	return buf;
 }
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ struct obj_info {
 #define FLAG_WRITTEN (1u<<21)
 
 static struct obj_info *obj_list;
-unsigned nr_objects;
+static unsigned nr_objects;
 
 /*
  * Called only from check_object() after it verified this object
@@ -181,10 +181,10 @@ static void write_cached_object(struct object *obj)
 static int check_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 {
 	if (!obj)
-		return 0;
+		return 1;
 
 	if (obj->flags & FLAG_WRITTEN)
-		return 1;
+		return 0;
 
 	if (type != OBJ_ANY && obj->type != type)
 		die("object type mismatch");
@@ -195,22 +195,24 @@ static int check_object(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 		if (type != obj->type || type <= 0)
 			die("object of unexpected type");
 		obj->flags |= FLAG_WRITTEN;
-		return 1;
+		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (fsck_object(obj, 1, fsck_error_function))
 		die("Error in object");
-	if (!fsck_walk(obj, check_object, 0))
+	if (fsck_walk(obj, check_object, NULL))
 		die("Error on reachable objects of %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	write_cached_object(obj);
-	return 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void write_rest(void)
 {
 	unsigned i;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
-		check_object(obj_list[i].obj, OBJ_ANY, 0);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		if (obj_list[i].obj)
+			check_object(obj_list[i].obj, OBJ_ANY, NULL);
+	}
 }
 
 static void added_object(unsigned nr, enum object_type type,
@@ -422,8 +424,8 @@ static void unpack_delta_entry(enum object_type type, unsigned long delta_size,
 static void unpack_one(unsigned nr)
 {
 	unsigned shift;
-	unsigned char *pack, c;
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned char *pack;
+	unsigned long size, c;
 	enum object_type type;
 
 	obj_list[nr].offset = consumed_bytes;
@@ -495,6 +497,8 @@ int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
+
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	quiet = !isatty(2);
diff --git a/builtin-update-index.c b/builtin-update-index.c
index 65d577510..a6b7f2d63 100644
--- a/builtin-update-index.c
+++ b/builtin-update-index.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ static int mark_valid_only;
 #define MARK_VALID 1
 #define UNMARK_VALID 2
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void report(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list vp;
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ static int process_path(const char *path)
 	struct stat st;
 
 	len = strlen(path);
-	if (has_symlink_leading_path(len, path))
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
 		return error("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", path);
 
 	/*
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@ static void update_one(const char *path, const char *prefix, int prefix_length)
 	report("add '%s'", path);
  free_return:
 	if (p < path || p > path + strlen(path))
-		free((char*)p);
+		free((char *)p);
 }
 
 static void read_index_info(int line_termination)
@@ -486,7 +487,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 static void read_head_pointers(void)
 {
 	if (read_ref("HEAD", head_sha1))
-		die("No HEAD -- no initial commit yet?\n");
+		die("No HEAD -- no initial commit yet?");
 	if (read_ref("MERGE_HEAD", merge_head_sha1)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Not in the middle of a merge.\n");
 		exit(0);
@@ -509,7 +510,7 @@ static int do_unresolve(int ac, const char **av,
 		const char *p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, arg);
 		err |= unresolve_one(p);
 		if (p < arg || p > arg + strlen(arg))
-			free((char*)p);
+			free((char *)p);
 	}
 	return err;
 }
@@ -712,7 +713,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (set_executable_bit)
 			chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
 		if (p < path || p > path + strlen(path))
-			free((char*)p);
+			free((char *)p);
 	}
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -742,8 +743,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (newfd < 0) {
 			if (refresh_flags & REFRESH_QUIET)
 				exit(128);
-			die("unable to create '%s.lock': %s",
-			    get_index_file(), strerror(lock_error));
+			unable_to_lock_index_die(get_index_file(), lock_error);
 		}
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
diff --git a/builtin-update-ref.c b/builtin-update-ref.c
index 378dc1b7a..76ba1d588 100644
--- a/builtin-update-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-update-ref.c
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, git_update_ref_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_update_ref_usage,
+			     0);
 	if (msg && !*msg)
 		die("Refusing to perform update with empty message.");
 
diff --git a/builtin-update-server-info.c b/builtin-update-server-info.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2b3fddcc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin-update-server-info.c
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static const char * const update_server_info_usage[] = {
+	"git update-server-info [--force]",
+	NULL
+};
+
+int cmd_update_server_info(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int force = 0;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &force,
+			"update the info files from scratch"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
+			     update_server_info_usage, 0);
+	if (argc > 0)
+		usage_with_options(update_server_info_usage, options);
+
+	return !!update_server_info(force);
+}
diff --git a/builtin-upload-archive.c b/builtin-upload-archive.c
index a9b02fa32..73f788ef2 100644
--- a/builtin-upload-archive.c
+++ b/builtin-upload-archive.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ static int run_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	strcpy(buf, argv[1]); /* enter-repo smudges its argument */
 
 	if (!enter_repo(buf, 0))
-		die("not a git archive");
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", buf);
 
 	/* put received options in sent_argv[] */
 	sent_argc = 1;
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ static int run_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return write_archive(sent_argc, sent_argv, prefix, 0);
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void error_clnt(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	char buf[1024];
@@ -80,16 +81,17 @@ static void error_clnt(const char *fmt, ...)
 	die("sent error to the client: %s", buf);
 }
 
-static void process_input(int child_fd, int band)
+static ssize_t process_input(int child_fd, int band)
 {
 	char buf[16384];
 	ssize_t sz = read(child_fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
 	if (sz < 0) {
 		if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR)
 			error_clnt("read error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-		return;
+		return sz;
 	}
 	send_sideband(1, band, buf, sz, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+	return sz;
 }
 
 int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -145,15 +147,14 @@ int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN)
-			/* Data stream ready */
-			process_input(pfd[0].fd, 1);
 		if (pfd[1].revents & POLLIN)
 			/* Status stream ready */
-			process_input(pfd[1].fd, 2);
-		/* Always finish to read data when available */
-		if ((pfd[0].revents | pfd[1].revents) & POLLIN)
-			continue;
+			if (process_input(pfd[1].fd, 2))
+				continue;
+		if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN)
+			/* Data stream ready */
+			if (process_input(pfd[0].fd, 1))
+				continue;
 
 		if (waitpid(writer, &status, 0) < 0)
 			error_clnt("%s", lostchild);
diff --git a/builtin-verify-pack.c b/builtin-verify-pack.c
index 25a29f11a..b6079ae6c 100644
--- a/builtin-verify-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-verify-pack.c
@@ -2,15 +2,23 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
 #define MAX_CHAIN 50
 
-static void show_pack_info(struct packed_git *p)
+#define VERIFY_PACK_VERBOSE 01
+#define VERIFY_PACK_STAT_ONLY 02
+
+static void show_pack_info(struct packed_git *p, unsigned int flags)
 {
-	uint32_t nr_objects, i, chain_histogram[MAX_CHAIN+1];
+	uint32_t nr_objects, i;
+	int cnt;
+	int stat_only = flags & VERIFY_PACK_STAT_ONLY;
+	unsigned long chain_histogram[MAX_CHAIN+1], baseobjects;
 
 	nr_objects = p->num_objects;
 	memset(chain_histogram, 0, sizeof(chain_histogram));
+	baseobjects = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		const unsigned char *sha1;
@@ -28,14 +36,19 @@ static void show_pack_info(struct packed_git *p)
 		type = packed_object_info_detail(p, offset, &size, &store_size,
 						 &delta_chain_length,
 						 base_sha1);
-		printf("%s ", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		if (!delta_chain_length)
-			printf("%-6s %lu %lu %"PRIuMAX"\n",
-			       type, size, store_size, (uintmax_t)offset);
+		if (!stat_only)
+			printf("%s ", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		if (!delta_chain_length) {
+			if (!stat_only)
+				printf("%-6s %lu %lu %"PRIuMAX"\n",
+				       type, size, store_size, (uintmax_t)offset);
+			baseobjects++;
+		}
 		else {
-			printf("%-6s %lu %lu %"PRIuMAX" %u %s\n",
-			       type, size, store_size, (uintmax_t)offset,
-			       delta_chain_length, sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+			if (!stat_only)
+				printf("%-6s %lu %lu %"PRIuMAX" %u %s\n",
+				       type, size, store_size, (uintmax_t)offset,
+				       delta_chain_length, sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
 			if (delta_chain_length <= MAX_CHAIN)
 				chain_histogram[delta_chain_length]++;
 			else
@@ -43,21 +56,29 @@ static void show_pack_info(struct packed_git *p)
 		}
 	}
 
-	for (i = 0; i <= MAX_CHAIN; i++) {
-		if (!chain_histogram[i])
+	if (baseobjects)
+		printf("non delta: %lu object%s\n",
+		       baseobjects, baseobjects > 1 ? "s" : "");
+
+	for (cnt = 1; cnt <= MAX_CHAIN; cnt++) {
+		if (!chain_histogram[cnt])
 			continue;
-		printf("chain length = %"PRIu32": %"PRIu32" object%s\n", i,
-		       chain_histogram[i], chain_histogram[i] > 1 ? "s" : "");
+		printf("chain length = %d: %lu object%s\n", cnt,
+		       chain_histogram[cnt],
+		       chain_histogram[cnt] > 1 ? "s" : "");
 	}
 	if (chain_histogram[0])
-		printf("chain length > %d: %"PRIu32" object%s\n", MAX_CHAIN,
-		       chain_histogram[0], chain_histogram[0] > 1 ? "s" : "");
+		printf("chain length > %d: %lu object%s\n", MAX_CHAIN,
+		       chain_histogram[0],
+		       chain_histogram[0] > 1 ? "s" : "");
 }
 
-static int verify_one_pack(const char *path, int verbose)
+static int verify_one_pack(const char *path, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	char arg[PATH_MAX];
 	int len;
+	int verbose = flags & VERIFY_PACK_VERBOSE;
+	int stat_only = flags & VERIFY_PACK_STAT_ONLY;
 	struct packed_git *pack;
 	int err;
 
@@ -93,50 +114,53 @@ static int verify_one_pack(const char *path, int verbose)
 		return error("packfile %s not found.", arg);
 
 	install_packed_git(pack);
-	err = verify_pack(pack);
 
-	if (verbose) {
+	if (!stat_only)
+		err = verify_pack(pack);
+	else
+		err = open_pack_index(pack);
+
+	if (verbose || stat_only) {
 		if (err)
 			printf("%s: bad\n", pack->pack_name);
 		else {
-			show_pack_info(pack);
-			printf("%s: ok\n", pack->pack_name);
+			show_pack_info(pack, flags);
+			if (!stat_only)
+				printf("%s: ok\n", pack->pack_name);
 		}
 	}
 
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const char verify_pack_usage[] = "git-verify-pack [-v] <pack>...";
+static const char * const verify_pack_usage[] = {
+	"git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>...",
+	NULL
+};
 
 int cmd_verify_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int err = 0;
-	int verbose = 0;
-	int no_more_options = 0;
-	int nothing_done = 1;
+	unsigned int flags = 0;
+	int i;
+	const struct option verify_pack_options[] = {
+		OPT_BIT('v', "verbose", &flags, "verbose",
+			VERIFY_PACK_VERBOSE),
+		OPT_BIT('s', "stat-only", &flags, "show statistics only",
+			VERIFY_PACK_STAT_ONLY),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		if (!no_more_options && argv[1][0] == '-') {
-			if (!strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
-				verbose = 1;
-			else if (!strcmp("--", argv[1]))
-				no_more_options = 1;
-			else
-				usage(verify_pack_usage);
-		}
-		else {
-			if (verify_one_pack(argv[1], verbose))
-				err = 1;
-			discard_revindex();
-			nothing_done = 0;
-		}
-		argc--; argv++;
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, verify_pack_options,
+			     verify_pack_usage, 0);
+	if (argc < 1)
+		usage_with_options(verify_pack_usage, verify_pack_options);
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (verify_one_pack(argv[i], flags))
+			err = 1;
+		discard_revindex();
 	}
 
-	if (nothing_done)
-		usage(verify_pack_usage);
-
 	return err;
 }
diff --git a/builtin-verify-tag.c b/builtin-verify-tag.c
index 729a1593e..9f482c29f 100644
--- a/builtin-verify-tag.c
+++ b/builtin-verify-tag.c
@@ -10,9 +10,12 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include <signal.h>
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char builtin_verify_tag_usage[] =
-		"git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>...";
+static const char * const verify_tag_usage[] = {
+		"git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>...",
+		NULL
+};
 
 #define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
 
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@ static int run_gpg_verify(const char *buf, unsigned long size, int verbose)
 	close(gpg.in);
 	ret = finish_command(&gpg);
 
-	unlink(path);
+	unlink_or_warn(path);
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -89,17 +92,17 @@ static int verify_tag(const char *name, int verbose)
 int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i = 1, verbose = 0, had_error = 0;
+	const struct option verify_tag_options[] = {
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	if (argc > 1 &&
-	    (!strcmp(argv[i], "-v") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose"))) {
-		verbose = 1;
-		i++;
-	}
-
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, verify_tag_options,
+			     verify_tag_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 	if (argc <= i)
-		usage(builtin_verify_tag_usage);
+		usage_with_options(verify_tag_usage, verify_tag_options);
 
 	/* sometimes the program was terminated because this signal
 	 * was received in the process of writing the gpg input: */
diff --git a/builtin-write-tree.c b/builtin-write-tree.c
index 52a3c015f..b223af416 100644
--- a/builtin-write-tree.c
+++ b/builtin-write-tree.c
@@ -7,33 +7,37 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
 
-static const char write_tree_usage[] =
-"git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]";
+static const char * const write_tree_usage[] = {
+	"git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]",
+	NULL
+};
 
 int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 {
-	int missing_ok = 0, ret;
+	int flags = 0, ret;
 	const char *prefix = NULL;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	const char *me = "git-write-tree";
+	struct option write_tree_options[] = {
+		OPT_BIT(0, "missing-ok", &flags, "allow missing objects",
+			WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &prefix, "<prefix>/",
+		  "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>" ,
+		  PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP },
+		{ OPTION_BIT, 0, "ignore-cache-tree", &flags, NULL,
+		  "only useful for debugging",
+		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL,
+		  WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE },
+		OPT_END()
+	};
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-	while (1 < argc) {
-		const char *arg = argv[1];
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--missing-ok"))
-			missing_ok = 1;
-		else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--prefix="))
-			prefix = arg + 9;
-		else
-			usage(write_tree_usage);
-		argc--; argv++;
-	}
-
-	if (argc > 2)
-		die("too many options");
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, unused_prefix, write_tree_options,
+			     write_tree_usage, 0);
 
-	ret = write_cache_as_tree(sha1, missing_ok, prefix);
+	ret = write_cache_as_tree(sha1, flags, prefix);
 	switch (ret) {
 	case 0:
 		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@ int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *unused_prefix)
 		die("%s: error reading the index", me);
 		break;
 	case WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX:
-		die("%s: error building trees; the index is unmerged?", me);
+		die("%s: error building trees", me);
 		break;
 	case WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR:
 		die("%s: prefix %s not found", me, prefix);
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index 1495cf6a2..c3f83c093 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ extern const char git_more_info_string[];
 extern void list_common_cmds_help(void);
 extern const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd);
 extern void prune_packed_objects(int);
-extern int read_line_with_nul(char *buf, int size, FILE *file);
 extern int fmt_merge_msg(int merge_summary, struct strbuf *in,
 	struct strbuf *out);
 extern int commit_tree(const char *msg, unsigned char *tree,
@@ -25,6 +24,7 @@ extern int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_annotate(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_apply(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_bisect__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_blame(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_bundle(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ extern int cmd_diff_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fast_export(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
-extern int cmd_fetch__tool(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -71,6 +70,7 @@ extern int cmd_merge_base(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_merge_ours(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_mktree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_name_rev(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ extern int cmd_tar_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_unpack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_update_server_info(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_upload_tar(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -110,5 +111,6 @@ extern int cmd_write_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_verify_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_show_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_pack_refs(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_replace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/bundle.c b/bundle.c
index daecd8e1c..ff97adcb8 100644
--- a/bundle.c
+++ b/bundle.c
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ int verify_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, int verbose)
 	 */
 	struct ref_list *p = &header->prerequisites;
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--all"};
+	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--all", NULL};
 	struct object_array refs;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	int i, ret = 0, req_nr;
@@ -167,6 +167,32 @@ int list_bundle_refs(struct bundle_header *header, int argc, const char **argv)
 	return list_refs(&header->references, argc, argv);
 }
 
+static int is_tag_in_date_range(struct object *tag, struct rev_info *revs)
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buf, *line, *lineend;
+	unsigned long date;
+
+	if (revs->max_age == -1 && revs->min_age == -1)
+		return 1;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(tag->sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return 1;
+	line = memmem(buf, size, "\ntagger ", 8);
+	if (!line++)
+		return 1;
+	lineend = memchr(line, buf + size - line, '\n');
+	line = memchr(line, lineend ? lineend - line : buf + size - line, '>');
+	if (!line++)
+		return 1;
+	date = strtoul(line, NULL, 10);
+	free(buf);
+	return (revs->max_age == -1 || revs->max_age < date) &&
+		(revs->min_age == -1 || revs->min_age > date);
+}
+
 int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 		int argc, const char **argv)
 {
@@ -178,7 +204,6 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	int i, ref_count = 0;
 	char buffer[1024];
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	int read_from_stdin = 0;
 	struct child_process rls;
 	FILE *rls_fout;
 
@@ -208,7 +233,7 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	rls.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&rls))
 		return -1;
-	rls_fout = fdopen(rls.out, "r");
+	rls_fout = xfdopen(rls.out, "r");
 	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), rls_fout)) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		if (buffer[0] == '-') {
@@ -230,15 +255,10 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 	/* write references */
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--stdin")) {
-			if (read_from_stdin++)
-				die("--stdin given twice?");
-			read_revisions_from_stdin(&revs);
-			continue;
-		}
-		return error("unrecognized argument: %s'", argv[i]);
-	}
+	if (argc > 1)
+		return error("unrecognized argument: %s'", argv[1]);
+
+	object_array_remove_duplicates(&revs.pending);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < revs.pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object_array_entry *e = revs.pending.objects + i;
@@ -255,6 +275,12 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 			flag = 0;
 		display_ref = (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) ? e->name : ref;
 
+		if (e->item->type == OBJ_TAG &&
+				!is_tag_in_date_range(e->item, &revs)) {
+			e->item->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+			continue;
+		}
+
 		/*
 		 * Make sure the refs we wrote out is correct; --max-count and
 		 * other limiting options could have prevented all the tips
@@ -317,7 +343,7 @@ int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 
 	/* write pack */
 	argv_pack[0] = "pack-objects";
-	argv_pack[1] = "--all-progress";
+	argv_pack[1] = "--all-progress-implied";
 	argv_pack[2] = "--stdout";
 	argv_pack[3] = "--thin";
 	argv_pack[4] = NULL;
diff --git a/cache-tree.c b/cache-tree.c
index 5f8ee87bb..d91743775 100644
--- a/cache-tree.c
+++ b/cache-tree.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 
 #ifndef DEBUG
@@ -155,13 +156,17 @@ static int verify_cache(struct cache_entry **cache,
 	funny = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
-		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+		if (ce_stage(ce) || (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)) {
 			if (10 < ++funny) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "...\n");
 				break;
 			}
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unmerged (%s)\n",
-				ce->name, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+			if (ce_stage(ce))
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: unmerged (%s)\n",
+					ce->name, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+			else
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: not added yet\n",
+					ce->name);
 		}
 	}
 	if (funny)
@@ -324,7 +329,8 @@ static int update_one(struct cache_tree *it,
 			entlen = pathlen - baselen;
 		}
 		if (mode != S_IFGITLINK && !missing_ok && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
-			return error("invalid object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			return error("invalid object %06o %s for '%.*s'",
+				mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1), entlen+baselen, path);
 
 		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			continue; /* entry being removed */
@@ -509,6 +515,8 @@ struct cache_tree *cache_tree_read(const char *buffer, unsigned long size)
 
 static struct cache_tree *cache_tree_find(struct cache_tree *it, const char *path)
 {
+	if (!it)
+		return NULL;
 	while (*path) {
 		const char *slash;
 		struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
@@ -533,28 +541,32 @@ static struct cache_tree *cache_tree_find(struct cache_tree *it, const char *pat
 	return it;
 }
 
-int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int missing_ok, const char *prefix)
+int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int flags, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int entries, was_valid, newfd;
+	struct lock_file *lock_file;
 
 	/*
 	 * We can't free this memory, it becomes part of a linked list
 	 * parsed atexit()
 	 */
-	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
 
 	entries = read_cache();
 	if (entries < 0)
 		return WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX;
+	if (flags & WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE)
+		cache_tree_free(&(active_cache_tree));
 
 	if (!active_cache_tree)
 		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
 
 	was_valid = cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree);
-
 	if (!was_valid) {
+		int missing_ok = flags & WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK;
+
 		if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
 				      active_cache, active_nr,
 				      missing_ok, 0) < 0)
@@ -587,3 +599,68 @@ int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int missing_ok, const char *prefix)
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct cache_tree *it, struct tree *tree)
+{
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	struct name_entry entry;
+	int cnt;
+
+	hashcpy(it->sha1, tree->object.sha1);
+	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	cnt = 0;
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
+		if (!S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
+			cnt++;
+		else {
+			struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
+			struct tree *subtree = lookup_tree(entry.sha1);
+			if (!subtree->object.parsed)
+				parse_tree(subtree);
+			sub = cache_tree_sub(it, entry.path);
+			sub->cache_tree = cache_tree();
+			prime_cache_tree_rec(sub->cache_tree, subtree);
+			cnt += sub->cache_tree->entry_count;
+		}
+	}
+	it->entry_count = cnt;
+}
+
+void prime_cache_tree(struct cache_tree **it, struct tree *tree)
+{
+	cache_tree_free(it);
+	*it = cache_tree();
+	prime_cache_tree_rec(*it, tree);
+}
+
+/*
+ * find the cache_tree that corresponds to the current level without
+ * exploding the full path into textual form.  The root of the
+ * cache tree is given as "root", and our current level is "info".
+ * (1) When at root level, info->prev is NULL, so it is "root" itself.
+ * (2) Otherwise, find the cache_tree that corresponds to one level
+ *     above us, and find ourselves in there.
+ */
+static struct cache_tree *find_cache_tree_from_traversal(struct cache_tree *root,
+							 struct traverse_info *info)
+{
+	struct cache_tree *our_parent;
+
+	if (!info->prev)
+		return root;
+	our_parent = find_cache_tree_from_traversal(root, info->prev);
+	return cache_tree_find(our_parent, info->name.path);
+}
+
+int cache_tree_matches_traversal(struct cache_tree *root,
+				 struct name_entry *ent,
+				 struct traverse_info *info)
+{
+	struct cache_tree *it;
+
+	it = find_cache_tree_from_traversal(root, info);
+	it = cache_tree_find(it, ent->path);
+	if (it && it->entry_count > 0 && !hashcmp(ent->sha1, it->sha1))
+		return it->entry_count;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cache-tree.h b/cache-tree.h
index cf8b79087..3df641f59 100644
--- a/cache-tree.h
+++ b/cache-tree.h
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #ifndef CACHE_TREE_H
 #define CACHE_TREE_H
 
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+
 struct cache_tree;
 struct cache_tree_sub {
 	struct cache_tree *cache_tree;
@@ -28,9 +31,18 @@ struct cache_tree *cache_tree_read(const char *buffer, unsigned long size);
 int cache_tree_fully_valid(struct cache_tree *);
 int cache_tree_update(struct cache_tree *, struct cache_entry **, int, int, int);
 
+/* bitmasks to write_cache_as_tree flags */
+#define WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK 1
+#define WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE 2
+
+/* error return codes */
 #define WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX (-1)
 #define WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX (-2)
 #define WRITE_TREE_PREFIX_ERROR (-3)
 
-int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int missing_ok, const char *prefix);
+int write_cache_as_tree(unsigned char *sha1, int flags, const char *prefix);
+void prime_cache_tree(struct cache_tree **, struct tree *);
+
+extern int cache_tree_matches_traversal(struct cache_tree *, struct name_entry *ent, struct traverse_info *info);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index 487e5e1b1..bf468e523 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "hash.h"
+#include "advice.h"
 
 #include SHA1_HEADER
 #ifndef git_SHA_CTX
@@ -18,6 +19,10 @@
 #define deflateBound(c,s)  ((s) + (((s) + 7) >> 3) + (((s) + 63) >> 6) + 11)
 #endif
 
+void git_inflate_init(z_streamp strm);
+void git_inflate_end(z_streamp strm);
+int git_inflate(z_streamp strm, int flush);
+
 #if defined(DT_UNKNOWN) && !defined(NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT)
 #define DTYPE(de)	((de)->d_type)
 #else
@@ -115,9 +120,29 @@ struct ondisk_cache_entry {
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
+/*
+ * This struct is used when CE_EXTENDED bit is 1
+ * The struct must match ondisk_cache_entry exactly from
+ * ctime till flags
+ */
+struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended {
+	struct cache_time ctime;
+	struct cache_time mtime;
+	unsigned int dev;
+	unsigned int ino;
+	unsigned int mode;
+	unsigned int uid;
+	unsigned int gid;
+	unsigned int size;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned short flags;
+	unsigned short flags2;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
 struct cache_entry {
-	unsigned int ce_ctime;
-	unsigned int ce_mtime;
+	struct cache_time ce_ctime;
+	struct cache_time ce_mtime;
 	unsigned int ce_dev;
 	unsigned int ce_ino;
 	unsigned int ce_mode;
@@ -136,7 +161,15 @@ struct cache_entry {
 #define CE_VALID     (0x8000)
 #define CE_STAGESHIFT 12
 
-/* In-memory only */
+/*
+ * Range 0xFFFF0000 in ce_flags is divided into
+ * two parts: in-memory flags and on-disk ones.
+ * Flags in CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS will get saved on-disk
+ * if you want to save a new flag, add it in
+ * CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS
+ *
+ * In-memory only flags
+ */
 #define CE_UPDATE    (0x10000)
 #define CE_REMOVE    (0x20000)
 #define CE_UPTODATE  (0x40000)
@@ -146,6 +179,25 @@ struct cache_entry {
 #define CE_UNHASHED  (0x200000)
 
 /*
+ * Extended on-disk flags
+ */
+#define CE_INTENT_TO_ADD 0x20000000
+/* CE_EXTENDED2 is for future extension */
+#define CE_EXTENDED2 0x80000000
+
+#define CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS (CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
+
+/*
+ * Safeguard to avoid saving wrong flags:
+ *  - CE_EXTENDED2 won't get saved until its semantic is known
+ *  - Bits in 0x0000FFFF have been saved in ce_flags already
+ *  - Bits in 0x003F0000 are currently in-memory flags
+ */
+#if CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS & 0x803FFFFF
+#error "CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS out of range"
+#endif
+
+/*
  * Copy the sha1 and stat state of a cache entry from one to
  * another. But we never change the name, or the hash state!
  */
@@ -177,7 +229,9 @@ static inline size_t ce_namelen(const struct cache_entry *ce)
 }
 
 #define ce_size(ce) cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce))
-#define ondisk_ce_size(ce) ondisk_cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce))
+#define ondisk_ce_size(ce) (((ce)->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) ? \
+			    ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(ce_namelen(ce)) : \
+			    ondisk_cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce)))
 #define ce_stage(ce) ((CE_STAGEMASK & (ce)->ce_flags) >> CE_STAGESHIFT)
 #define ce_uptodate(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags & CE_UPTODATE)
 #define ce_mark_uptodate(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags |= CE_UPTODATE)
@@ -220,14 +274,16 @@ static inline int ce_to_dtype(const struct cache_entry *ce)
 	(S_ISREG(mode) ? (S_IFREG | ce_permissions(mode)) : \
 	S_ISLNK(mode) ? S_IFLNK : S_ISDIR(mode) ? S_IFDIR : S_IFGITLINK)
 
-#define cache_entry_size(len) ((offsetof(struct cache_entry,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
-#define ondisk_cache_entry_size(len) ((offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
+#define flexible_size(STRUCT,len) ((offsetof(struct STRUCT,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
+#define cache_entry_size(len) flexible_size(cache_entry,len)
+#define ondisk_cache_entry_size(len) flexible_size(ondisk_cache_entry,len)
+#define ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(len) flexible_size(ondisk_cache_entry_extended,len)
 
 struct index_state {
 	struct cache_entry **cache;
 	unsigned int cache_nr, cache_alloc, cache_changed;
 	struct cache_tree *cache_tree;
-	time_t timestamp;
+	struct cache_time timestamp;
 	void *alloc;
 	unsigned name_hash_initialized : 1,
 		 initialized : 1;
@@ -275,7 +331,7 @@ static inline void remove_name_hash(struct cache_entry *ce)
 #define remove_file_from_cache(path) remove_file_from_index(&the_index, (path))
 #define add_to_cache(path, st, flags) add_to_index(&the_index, (path), (st), (flags))
 #define add_file_to_cache(path, flags) add_file_to_index(&the_index, (path), (flags))
-#define refresh_cache(flags) refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL)
+#define refresh_cache(flags) refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL, NULL)
 #define ce_match_stat(ce, st, options) ie_match_stat(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define ce_modified(ce, st, options) ie_modified(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define cache_name_exists(name, namelen, igncase) index_name_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen), (igncase))
@@ -313,9 +369,12 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
 #define CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_CONFIG"
 #define EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_EXEC_PATH"
 #define CEILING_DIRECTORIES_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES"
+#define NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS"
 #define GITATTRIBUTES_FILE ".gitattributes"
 #define INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE "info/attributes"
 #define ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX "[attr]"
+#define GIT_NOTES_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_REF"
+#define GIT_NOTES_DEFAULT_REF "refs/notes/commits"
 
 extern int is_bare_repository_cfg;
 extern int is_bare_repository(void);
@@ -340,6 +399,7 @@ extern const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *);
 extern const char *setup_git_directory(void);
 extern const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
 extern const char *prefix_filename(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
+extern int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 extern void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 extern void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
 
@@ -373,7 +433,7 @@ extern int read_index_preload(struct index_state *, const char **pathspec);
 extern int read_index_from(struct index_state *, const char *path);
 extern int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *);
 extern int read_index_unmerged(struct index_state *);
-extern int write_index(const struct index_state *, int newfd);
+extern int write_index(struct index_state *, int newfd);
 extern int discard_index(struct index_state *);
 extern int unmerged_index(const struct index_state *);
 extern int verify_path(const char *path);
@@ -388,6 +448,7 @@ extern int add_index_entry(struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *ce, int opt
 extern struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int really);
 extern void rename_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int pos, const char *new_name);
 extern int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *, int pos);
+extern void remove_marked_cache_entries(struct index_state *istate);
 extern int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *, const char *path);
 #define ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE 1
 #define ADD_CACHE_PRETEND 2
@@ -412,13 +473,16 @@ extern int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_obje
 extern int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write_object);
 extern void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
 
+/* "careful lstat()" */
+extern int check_path(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st, int skiplen);
+
 #define REFRESH_REALLY		0x0001	/* ignore_valid */
 #define REFRESH_UNMERGED	0x0002	/* allow unmerged */
 #define REFRESH_QUIET		0x0004	/* be quiet about it */
 #define REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING	0x0008	/* ignore non-existent */
 #define REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES	0x0010	/* ignore submodules */
-#define REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED	0x0020	/* say "changed" not "needs update" */
-extern int refresh_index(struct index_state *, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec, char *seen);
+#define REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN	0x0020	/* user friendly output, not "needs update" */
+extern int refresh_index(struct index_state *, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec, char *seen, char *header_msg);
 
 struct lock_file {
 	struct lock_file *next;
@@ -429,6 +493,8 @@ struct lock_file {
 };
 #define LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR 1
 #define LOCK_NODEREF 2
+extern int unable_to_lock_error(const char *path, int err);
+extern NORETURN void unable_to_lock_index_die(const char *path, int err);
 extern int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
 extern int hold_lock_file_for_append(struct lock_file *, const char *path, int);
 extern int commit_lock_file(struct lock_file *);
@@ -452,6 +518,7 @@ extern int log_all_ref_updates;
 extern int warn_ambiguous_refs;
 extern int shared_repository;
 extern const char *apply_default_whitespace;
+extern const char *apply_default_ignorewhitespace;
 extern int zlib_compression_level;
 extern int core_compression_level;
 extern int core_compression_seen;
@@ -459,6 +526,7 @@ extern size_t packed_git_window_size;
 extern size_t packed_git_limit;
 extern size_t delta_base_cache_limit;
 extern int auto_crlf;
+extern int read_replace_refs;
 extern int fsync_object_files;
 extern int core_preload_index;
 
@@ -485,8 +553,27 @@ enum rebase_setup_type {
 	AUTOREBASE_ALWAYS,
 };
 
+enum push_default_type {
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING = 0,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT,
+};
+
 extern enum branch_track git_branch_track;
 extern enum rebase_setup_type autorebase;
+extern enum push_default_type push_default;
+
+enum object_creation_mode {
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_HARDLINKS = 0,
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = 1,
+};
+
+extern enum object_creation_mode object_creation_mode;
+
+extern char *notes_ref_name;
+
+extern int grafts_replace_parents;
 
 #define GIT_REPO_VERSION 0
 extern int repository_format_version;
@@ -541,6 +628,8 @@ extern int is_empty_blob_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
 int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t n, const char *template);
 
+int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t n, const char *template, int suffix_len);
+
 /*
  * NOTE NOTE NOTE!!
  *
@@ -557,9 +646,11 @@ enum sharedrepo {
 	PERM_EVERYBODY      = 0664,
 };
 int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value);
-int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path);
+int set_shared_perm(const char *path, int mode);
+#define adjust_shared_perm(path) set_shared_perm((path), 0)
 int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path);
 int safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path);
+extern char *expand_user_path(const char *path);
 char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict);
 static inline int is_absolute_path(const char *path)
 {
@@ -569,20 +660,23 @@ int is_directory(const char *);
 const char *make_absolute_path(const char *path);
 const char *make_nonrelative_path(const char *path);
 const char *make_relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base);
-int normalize_absolute_path(char *buf, const char *path);
+int normalize_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src);
 int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list);
+char *strip_path_suffix(const char *path, const char *suffix);
+int daemon_avoid_alias(const char *path);
 
 /* Read and unpack a sha1 file into memory, write memory to a sha1 file */
 extern int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *, unsigned long *);
-extern void * read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size);
+extern void *read_sha1_file_repl(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size, const unsigned char **replacement);
+static inline void *read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
+{
+	return read_sha1_file_repl(sha1, type, size, NULL);
+}
 extern int hash_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int write_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *return_sha1);
 extern int pretend_sha1_file(void *, unsigned long, enum object_type, unsigned char *);
 extern int force_object_loose(const unsigned char *sha1, time_t mtime);
 
-/* just like read_sha1_file(), but non fatal in presence of bad objects */
-extern void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size);
-
 /* global flag to enable extra checks when accessing packed objects */
 extern int do_check_packed_object_crc;
 
@@ -590,7 +684,7 @@ extern int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *buf, unsigned l
 
 extern int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename);
 
-extern int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, const char **ignore);
+extern int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int has_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int has_loose_object_nonlocal(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
@@ -615,6 +709,7 @@ extern int read_ref(const char *filename, unsigned char *sha1);
 extern const char *resolve_ref(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1, int, int *);
 extern int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
 extern int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
+extern int interpret_branch_name(const char *str, struct strbuf *);
 
 extern int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name, const char **rules);
 extern const char *ref_rev_parse_rules[];
@@ -641,13 +736,19 @@ enum date_mode {
 	DATE_SHORT,
 	DATE_LOCAL,
 	DATE_ISO8601,
-	DATE_RFC2822
+	DATE_RFC2822,
+	DATE_RAW
 };
 
 const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int timezone, enum date_mode mode);
+const char *show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz,
+			       const struct timeval *now,
+			       char *timebuf,
+			       size_t timebuf_size);
 int parse_date(const char *date, char *buf, int bufsize);
 void datestamp(char *buf, int bufsize);
 unsigned long approxidate(const char *);
+unsigned long approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *now);
 enum date_mode parse_date_format(const char *format);
 
 #define IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME  1
@@ -657,6 +758,8 @@ extern const char *git_author_info(int);
 extern const char *git_committer_info(int);
 extern const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email, const char *date_str, int);
 extern const char *fmt_name(const char *name, const char *email);
+extern const char *git_editor(void);
+extern const char *git_pager(void);
 
 struct checkout {
 	const char *base_dir;
@@ -668,7 +771,23 @@ struct checkout {
 };
 
 extern int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const struct checkout *state, char *topath);
-extern int has_symlink_leading_path(int len, const char *name);
+
+struct cache_def {
+	char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+	int len;
+	int flags;
+	int track_flags;
+	int prefix_len_stat_func;
+};
+
+extern int has_symlink_leading_path(const char *name, int len);
+extern int threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(struct cache_def *, const char *, int);
+extern int has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(const char *name, int len);
+extern int has_dirs_only_path(const char *name, int len, int prefix_len);
+extern void invalidate_lstat_cache(const char *name, int len);
+extern void clear_lstat_cache(void);
+extern void schedule_dir_for_removal(const char *name, int len);
+extern void remove_scheduled_dirs(void);
 
 extern struct alternate_object_database {
 	struct alternate_object_database *next;
@@ -741,13 +860,12 @@ struct ref {
 #define REF_HEADS	(1u << 1)
 #define REF_TAGS	(1u << 2)
 
-extern struct ref *find_ref_by_name(struct ref *list, const char *name);
+extern struct ref *find_ref_by_name(const struct ref *list, const char *name);
 
 #define CONNECT_VERBOSE       (1u << 0)
 extern struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url, const char *prog, int flags);
 extern int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn);
 extern int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match);
-extern int get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1);
 struct extra_have_objects {
 	int nr, alloc;
 	unsigned char (*array)[20];
@@ -766,9 +884,11 @@ extern struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
 
 extern void pack_report(void);
 extern int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
-extern unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned int *);
+extern unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned int *);
 extern void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *);
 extern void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **);
+extern void free_pack_by_name(const char *);
+extern void clear_delta_base_cache(void);
 extern struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *, int, int);
 extern const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *, uint32_t);
 extern off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t);
@@ -777,7 +897,6 @@ extern void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *, off_t, enum object_type *, unsign
 extern unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
 extern unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t);
 extern const char *packed_object_info_detail(struct packed_git *, off_t, unsigned long *, unsigned long *, unsigned int *, unsigned char *);
-extern int matches_pack_name(struct packed_git *p, const char *name);
 
 /* Dumb servers support */
 extern int update_server_info(int);
@@ -792,6 +911,7 @@ extern unsigned long git_config_ulong(const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *, const char *, int *);
 extern int git_config_bool(const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_string(const char **, const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_pathname(const char **, const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_set(const char *, const char *);
 extern int git_config_set_multivar(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_rename_section(const char *, const char *);
@@ -809,18 +929,25 @@ extern int user_ident_explicitly_given;
 
 extern const char *git_commit_encoding;
 extern const char *git_log_output_encoding;
+extern const char *git_mailmap_file;
 
 /* IO helper functions */
 extern void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *, const char *);
 extern int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd);
 extern int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode);
-extern ssize_t read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
-extern ssize_t write_in_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
+extern int copy_file_with_time(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode);
 extern void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
 extern int write_or_whine(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg);
 extern int write_or_whine_pipe(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, const char *msg);
 extern void fsync_or_die(int fd, const char *);
 
+extern ssize_t read_in_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
+extern ssize_t write_in_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
+static inline ssize_t write_str_in_full(int fd, const char *str)
+{
+	return write_in_full(fd, str, strlen(str));
+}
+
 /* pager.c */
 extern void setup_pager(void);
 extern const char *pager_program;
@@ -843,7 +970,9 @@ extern void *alloc_object_node(void);
 extern void alloc_report(void);
 
 /* trace.c */
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 extern void trace_printf(const char *format, ...);
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
 extern void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, const char *format, ...);
 
 /* convert.c */
@@ -869,10 +998,12 @@ void shift_tree(const unsigned char *, const unsigned char *, unsigned char *, i
  * whitespace rules.
  * used by both diff and apply
  */
-#define WS_TRAILING_SPACE	01
+#define WS_BLANK_AT_EOL         01
 #define WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB	02
 #define WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB	04
 #define WS_CR_AT_EOL           010
+#define WS_BLANK_AT_EOF        020
+#define WS_TRAILING_SPACE      (WS_BLANK_AT_EOL|WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)
 #define WS_DEFAULT_RULE (WS_TRAILING_SPACE|WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB)
 extern unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg;
 extern unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *);
@@ -884,7 +1015,6 @@ extern int ws_fix_copy(char *, const char *, int, unsigned, int *);
 extern int ws_blank_line(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule);
 
 /* ls-files */
-int pathspec_match(const char **spec, char *matched, const char *filename, int skiplen);
 int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const char **pathspec, int prefix_offset);
 void overlay_tree_on_cache(const char *tree_name, const char *prefix);
 
diff --git a/color.c b/color.c
index fc0b72ad5..62977f480 100644
--- a/color.c
+++ b/color.c
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "color.h"
 
-#define COLOR_RESET "\033[m"
-
 int git_use_color_default = 0;
 
 static int parse_color(const char *name, int len)
@@ -41,29 +39,40 @@ static int parse_attr(const char *name, int len)
 
 void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst)
 {
+	color_parse_mem(value, strlen(value), var, dst);
+}
+
+void color_parse_mem(const char *value, int value_len, const char *var,
+		char *dst)
+{
 	const char *ptr = value;
+	int len = value_len;
 	int attr = -1;
 	int fg = -2;
 	int bg = -2;
 
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "reset")) {
-		strcpy(dst, "\033[m");
+	if (!strncasecmp(value, "reset", len)) {
+		strcpy(dst, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	/* [fg [bg]] [attr] */
-	while (*ptr) {
+	while (len > 0) {
 		const char *word = ptr;
-		int val, len = 0;
+		int val, wordlen = 0;
 
-		while (word[len] && !isspace(word[len]))
-			len++;
+		while (len > 0 && !isspace(word[wordlen])) {
+			wordlen++;
+			len--;
+		}
 
-		ptr = word + len;
-		while (*ptr && isspace(*ptr))
+		ptr = word + wordlen;
+		while (len > 0 && isspace(*ptr)) {
 			ptr++;
+			len--;
+		}
 
-		val = parse_color(word, len);
+		val = parse_color(word, wordlen);
 		if (val >= -1) {
 			if (fg == -2) {
 				fg = val;
@@ -75,7 +84,7 @@ void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst)
 			}
 			goto bad;
 		}
-		val = parse_attr(word, len);
+		val = parse_attr(word, wordlen);
 		if (val < 0 || attr != -1)
 			goto bad;
 		attr = val;
@@ -115,7 +124,7 @@ void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst)
 	*dst = 0;
 	return;
 bad:
-	die("bad config value '%s' for variable '%s'", value, var);
+	die("bad color value '%.*s' for variable '%s'", value_len, value, var);
 }
 
 int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value, int stdout_is_tty)
@@ -164,7 +173,7 @@ static int color_vfprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt,
 		r += fprintf(fp, "%s", color);
 	r += vfprintf(fp, fmt, args);
 	if (*color)
-		r += fprintf(fp, "%s", COLOR_RESET);
+		r += fprintf(fp, "%s", GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 	if (trail)
 		r += fprintf(fp, "%s", trail);
 	return r;
@@ -191,3 +200,31 @@ int color_fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
 	va_end(args);
 	return r;
 }
+
+/*
+ * This function splits the buffer by newlines and colors the lines individually.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success.
+ */
+int color_fwrite_lines(FILE *fp, const char *color,
+		size_t count, const char *buf)
+{
+	if (!*color)
+		return fwrite(buf, count, 1, fp) != 1;
+	while (count) {
+		char *p = memchr(buf, '\n', count);
+		if (p != buf && (fputs(color, fp) < 0 ||
+				fwrite(buf, p ? p - buf : count, 1, fp) != 1 ||
+				fputs(GIT_COLOR_RESET, fp) < 0))
+			return -1;
+		if (!p)
+			return 0;
+		if (fputc('\n', fp) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		count -= p + 1 - buf;
+		buf = p + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
diff --git a/color.h b/color.h
index 6cf5c88aa..3cb4b7fc8 100644
--- a/color.h
+++ b/color.h
@@ -5,6 +5,22 @@
 #define COLOR_MAXLEN 24
 
 /*
+ * IMPORTANT: Due to the way these color codes are emulated on Windows,
+ * write them only using printf(), fprintf(), and fputs(). In particular,
+ * do not use puts() or write().
+ */
+#define GIT_COLOR_NORMAL	""
+#define GIT_COLOR_RESET		"\033[m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_BOLD		"\033[1m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_RED		"\033[31m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_GREEN		"\033[32m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_YELLOW	"\033[33m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_BLUE		"\033[34m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA	"\033[35m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_CYAN		"\033[36m"
+#define GIT_COLOR_BG_RED	"\033[41m"
+
+/*
  * This variable stores the value of color.ui
  */
 extern int git_use_color_default;
@@ -16,8 +32,12 @@ extern int git_use_color_default;
 int git_color_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 
 int git_config_colorbool(const char *var, const char *value, int stdout_is_tty);
-void color_parse(const char *var, const char *value, char *dst);
+void color_parse(const char *value, const char *var, char *dst);
+void color_parse_mem(const char *value, int len, const char *var, char *dst);
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 int color_fprintf(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 int color_fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...);
+int color_fwrite_lines(FILE *fp, const char *color, size_t count, const char *buf);
 
 #endif /* COLOR_H */
diff --git a/combine-diff.c b/combine-diff.c
index ec8df39bb..61626912e 100644
--- a/combine-diff.c
+++ b/combine-diff.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr, int n, int num_parent)
 {
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr,
 			path = q->queue[i]->two->path;
 			len = strlen(path);
 			p = xmalloc(combine_diff_path_size(num_parent, len));
-			p->path = (char*) &(p->parent[num_parent]);
+			p->path = (char *) &(p->parent[num_parent]);
 			memcpy(p->path, path, len);
 			p->path[len] = 0;
 			p->len = len;
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ struct lline {
 /* Lines surviving in the merge result */
 struct sline {
 	struct lline *lost_head, **lost_tail;
+	struct lline *next_lost;
 	char *bol;
 	int len;
 	/* bit 0 up to (N-1) are on if the parent has this line (i.e.
@@ -90,18 +92,24 @@ struct sline {
 	unsigned long *p_lno;
 };
 
-static char *grab_blob(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size)
+static char *grab_blob(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	char *blob;
 	enum object_type type;
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
+
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		blob = xmalloc(100);
+		*size = snprintf(blob, 100,
+				 "Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	} else if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
 		/* deleted blob */
 		*size = 0;
 		return xcalloc(1, 1);
+	} else {
+		blob = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
+		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+			die("object '%s' is not a blob!", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
-	blob = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
-	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
-		die("object '%s' is not a blob!", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	return blob;
 }
 
@@ -114,18 +122,12 @@ static void append_lost(struct sline *sline, int n, const char *line, int len)
 
 	/* Check to see if we can squash things */
 	if (sline->lost_head) {
-		struct lline *last_one = NULL;
-		/* We cannot squash it with earlier one */
-		for (lline = sline->lost_head;
-		     lline;
-		     lline = lline->next)
-			if (lline->parent_map & this_mask)
-				last_one = lline;
-		lline = last_one ? last_one->next : sline->lost_head;
+		lline = sline->next_lost;
 		while (lline) {
 			if (lline->len == len &&
 			    !memcmp(lline->line, line, len)) {
 				lline->parent_map |= this_mask;
+				sline->next_lost = lline->next;
 				return;
 			}
 			lline = lline->next;
@@ -140,6 +142,7 @@ static void append_lost(struct sline *sline, int n, const char *line, int len)
 	lline->line[len] = 0;
 	*sline->lost_tail = lline;
 	sline->lost_tail = &lline->next;
+	sline->next_lost = NULL;
 }
 
 struct combine_diff_state {
@@ -161,25 +164,28 @@ static void consume_line(void *state_, char *line, unsigned long len)
 				      &state->nb, &state->nn))
 			return;
 		state->lno = state->nb;
-		if (!state->nb)
-			/* @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ to remove the
-			 * first two lines...
-			 */
-			state->nb = 1;
-		if (state->nn == 0)
+		if (state->nn == 0) {
 			/* @@ -X,Y +N,0 @@ removed Y lines
 			 * that would have come *after* line N
 			 * in the result.  Our lost buckets hang
 			 * to the line after the removed lines,
+			 *
+			 * Note that this is correct even when N == 0,
+			 * in which case the hunk removes the first
+			 * line in the file.
 			 */
 			state->lost_bucket = &state->sline[state->nb];
-		else
+			if (!state->nb)
+				state->nb = 1;
+		} else {
 			state->lost_bucket = &state->sline[state->nb-1];
+		}
 		if (!state->sline[state->nb-1].p_lno)
 			state->sline[state->nb-1].p_lno =
 				xcalloc(state->num_parent,
 					sizeof(unsigned long));
 		state->sline[state->nb-1].p_lno[state->n] = state->ob;
+		state->lost_bucket->next_lost = state->lost_bucket->lost_head;
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!state->lost_bucket)
@@ -195,7 +201,8 @@ static void consume_line(void *state_, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	}
 }
 
-static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, mmfile_t *result_file,
+static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, unsigned int mode,
+			 mmfile_t *result_file,
 			 struct sline *sline, unsigned int cnt, int n,
 			 int num_parent)
 {
@@ -211,7 +218,7 @@ static void combine_diff(const unsigned char *parent, mmfile_t *result_file,
 	if (!cnt)
 		return; /* result deleted */
 
-	parent_file.ptr = grab_blob(parent, &sz);
+	parent_file.ptr = grab_blob(parent, mode, &sz);
 	parent_file.size = sz;
 	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
@@ -517,6 +524,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 	int i;
 	unsigned long lno = 0;
 	const char *c_frag = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
+	const char *c_func = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FUNCINFO);
 	const char *c_new = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 	const char *c_old = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 	const char *c_plain = diff_get_color(use_color, DIFF_PLAIN);
@@ -526,7 +534,6 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 		return; /* result deleted */
 
 	while (1) {
-		struct sline *sl = &sline[lno];
 		unsigned long hunk_end;
 		unsigned long rlines;
 		const char *hunk_comment = NULL;
@@ -582,7 +589,9 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 				    comment_end = i;
 			}
 			if (comment_end)
-				putchar(' ');
+				printf("%s%s %s%s", c_reset,
+						    c_plain, c_reset,
+						    c_func);
 			for (i = 0; i < comment_end; i++)
 				putchar(hunk_comment[i]);
 		}
@@ -592,7 +601,7 @@ static void dump_sline(struct sline *sline, unsigned long cnt, int num_parent,
 			struct lline *ll;
 			int j;
 			unsigned long p_mask;
-			sl = &sline[lno++];
+			struct sline *sl = &sline[lno++];
 			ll = (sl->flag & no_pre_delete) ? NULL : sl->lost_head;
 			while (ll) {
 				fputs(c_old, stdout);
@@ -693,7 +702,7 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 
 	/* Read the result of merge first */
 	if (!working_tree_file)
-		result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, &result_size);
+		result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, elem->mode, &result_size);
 	else {
 		/* Used by diff-tree to read from the working tree */
 		struct stat st;
@@ -703,19 +712,23 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			goto deleted_file;
 
 		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			size_t len = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-			result_size = len;
-			result = xmalloc(len + 1);
-			if (result_size != readlink(elem->path, result, len)) {
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&buf, elem->path, st.st_size) < 0) {
 				error("readlink(%s): %s", elem->path,
 				      strerror(errno));
 				return;
 			}
-			result[len] = 0;
+			result_size = buf.len;
+			result = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 			elem->mode = canon_mode(st.st_mode);
-		}
-		else if (0 <= (fd = open(elem->path, O_RDONLY)) &&
-			 !fstat(fd, &st)) {
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(elem->path, "HEAD", sha1) < 0)
+				result = grab_blob(elem->sha1, elem->mode, &result_size);
+			else
+				result = grab_blob(sha1, elem->mode, &result_size);
+		} else if (0 <= (fd = open(elem->path, O_RDONLY))) {
 			size_t len = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 			ssize_t done;
 			int is_file, i;
@@ -735,7 +748,7 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 
 			done = read_in_full(fd, result, len);
 			if (done < 0)
-				die("read error '%s'", elem->path);
+				die_errno("read error '%s'", elem->path);
 			else if (done < len)
 				die("early EOF '%s'", elem->path);
 
@@ -807,7 +820,9 @@ static void show_patch_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			}
 		}
 		if (i <= j)
-			combine_diff(elem->parent[i].sha1, &result_file, sline,
+			combine_diff(elem->parent[i].sha1,
+				     elem->parent[i].mode,
+				     &result_file, sline,
 				     cnt, i, num_parent);
 		if (elem->parent[i].mode != elem->mode)
 			mode_differs = 1;
@@ -1050,7 +1065,7 @@ void diff_tree_combined_merge(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	for (parents = commit->parents, num_parent = 0;
 	     parents;
 	     parents = parents->next, num_parent++)
-		hashcpy((unsigned char*)(parent + num_parent),
+		hashcpy((unsigned char *)(parent + num_parent),
 			parents->item->object.sha1);
 	diff_tree_combined(sha1, parent, num_parent, dense, rev);
 }
diff --git a/command-list.txt b/command-list.txt
index 3583a33ee..95bf18cf0 100644
--- a/command-list.txt
+++ b/command-list.txt
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ git-diff                                mainporcelain common
 git-diff-files                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-diff-index                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-diff-tree                           plumbinginterrogators
+git-difftool                            ancillaryinterrogators
 git-fast-export				ancillarymanipulators
 git-fast-import				ancillarymanipulators
 git-fetch                               mainporcelain common
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ git-grep                                mainporcelain common
 git-gui                                 mainporcelain
 git-hash-object                         plumbingmanipulators
 git-help				ancillaryinterrogators
+git-http-backend                        synchingrepositories
 git-http-fetch                          synchelpers
 git-http-push                           synchelpers
 git-imap-send                           foreignscminterface
@@ -73,6 +75,7 @@ git-mktag                               plumbingmanipulators
 git-mktree                              plumbingmanipulators
 git-mv                                  mainporcelain common
 git-name-rev                            plumbinginterrogators
+git-notes                               mainporcelain
 git-pack-objects                        plumbingmanipulators
 git-pack-redundant                      plumbinginterrogators
 git-pack-refs                           ancillarymanipulators
@@ -91,6 +94,7 @@ git-reflog                              ancillarymanipulators
 git-relink                              ancillarymanipulators
 git-remote                              ancillarymanipulators
 git-repack                              ancillarymanipulators
+git-replace                             ancillarymanipulators
 git-repo-config                         ancillarymanipulators	deprecated
 git-request-pull                        foreignscminterface
 git-rerere                              ancillaryinterrogators
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index c99db162a..731191e63 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "notes.h"
 
 int save_commit_buffer = 1;
 
@@ -50,7 +51,6 @@ struct commit *lookup_commit(const unsigned char *sha1)
 
 static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 {
-	unsigned long date;
 	const char *dateptr;
 
 	if (buf + 6 >= tail)
@@ -73,10 +73,7 @@ static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
 	if (buf >= tail)
 		return 0;
 	/* dateptr < buf && buf[-1] == '\n', so strtoul will stop at buf-1 */
-	date = strtoul(dateptr, NULL, 10);
-	if (date == ULONG_MAX)
-		date = 0;
-	return date;
+	return strtoul(dateptr, NULL, 10);
 }
 
 static struct commit_graft **commit_graft;
@@ -136,8 +133,8 @@ struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(char *buf, int len)
 	int i;
 	struct commit_graft *graft = NULL;
 
-	if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
-		buf[--len] = 0;
+	while (len && isspace(buf[len-1]))
+		buf[--len] = '\0';
 	if (buf[0] == '#' || buf[0] == '\0')
 		return NULL;
 	if ((len + 1) % 41) {
@@ -203,7 +200,7 @@ struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return commit_graft[pos];
 }
 
-int write_shallow_commits(int fd, int use_pack_protocol)
+int write_shallow_commits(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol)
 {
 	int i, count = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < commit_graft_nr; i++)
@@ -212,12 +209,10 @@ int write_shallow_commits(int fd, int use_pack_protocol)
 				sha1_to_hex(commit_graft[i]->sha1);
 			count++;
 			if (use_pack_protocol)
-				packet_write(fd, "shallow %s", hex);
+				packet_buf_write(out, "shallow %s", hex);
 			else {
-				if (write_in_full(fd, hex,  40) != 40)
-					break;
-				if (write_in_full(fd, "\n", 1) != 1)
-					break;
+				strbuf_addstr(out, hex);
+				strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
 			}
 		}
 	return count;
@@ -229,7 +224,7 @@ int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (pos < 0)
 		return -1;
 	if (pos + 1 < commit_graft_nr)
-		memcpy(commit_graft + pos, commit_graft + pos + 1,
+		memmove(commit_graft + pos, commit_graft + pos + 1,
 				sizeof(struct commit_graft *)
 				* (commit_graft_nr - pos - 1));
 	commit_graft_nr--;
@@ -266,7 +261,11 @@ int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
 		    bufptr[47] != '\n')
 			return error("bad parents in commit %s", sha1_to_hex(item->object.sha1));
 		bufptr += 48;
-		if (graft)
+		/*
+		 * The clone is shallow if nr_parent < 0, and we must
+		 * not traverse its real parents even when we unhide them.
+		 */
+		if (graft && (graft->nr_parent < 0 || grafts_replace_parents))
 			continue;
 		new_parent = lookup_commit(parent);
 		if (new_parent)
@@ -564,13 +563,13 @@ static struct commit_list *merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct co
 	while (interesting(list)) {
 		struct commit *commit;
 		struct commit_list *parents;
-		struct commit_list *n;
+		struct commit_list *next;
 		int flags;
 
 		commit = list->item;
-		n = list->next;
+		next = list->next;
 		free(list);
-		list = n;
+		list = next;
 
 		flags = commit->object.flags & (PARENT1 | PARENT2 | STALE);
 		if (flags == (PARENT1 | PARENT2)) {
@@ -598,11 +597,11 @@ static struct commit_list *merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct co
 	free_commit_list(list);
 	list = result; result = NULL;
 	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *n = list->next;
+		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
 		if (!(list->item->object.flags & STALE))
 			insert_by_date(list->item, &result);
 		free(list);
-		list = n;
+		list = next;
 	}
 	return result;
 }
@@ -705,6 +704,21 @@ struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two,
 	return get_merge_bases_many(one, 1, &two, cleanup);
 }
 
+int is_descendant_of(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
+{
+	if (!with_commit)
+		return 1;
+	while (with_commit) {
+		struct commit *other;
+
+		other = with_commit->item;
+		with_commit = with_commit->next;
+		if (in_merge_bases(other, &commit, 1))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit **reference, int num)
 {
 	struct commit_list *bases, *b;
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index 3a7b06a82..2c0742b72 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -63,19 +63,29 @@ enum cmit_fmt {
 	CMIT_FMT_UNSPECIFIED,
 };
 
+struct pretty_print_context
+{
+	int abbrev;
+	const char *subject;
+	const char *after_subject;
+	enum date_mode date_mode;
+	int need_8bit_cte;
+	int show_notes;
+	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
+};
+
 extern int non_ascii(int);
+extern int has_non_ascii(const char *text);
 struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
 extern char *reencode_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
 				     const char **encoding_p);
 extern void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
 extern void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
-				  const void *format, struct strbuf *sb,
-				  enum date_mode dmode);
-extern void pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit*,
-                                struct strbuf *,
-                                int abbrev, const char *subject,
-                                const char *after_subject, enum date_mode,
-				int need_8bit_cte);
+				  const char *format, struct strbuf *sb,
+				  const struct pretty_print_context *context);
+extern void pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
+				struct strbuf *sb,
+				const struct pretty_print_context *context);
 void pp_user_info(const char *what, enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
 		   const char *line, enum date_mode dmode,
 		   const char *encoding);
@@ -122,20 +132,25 @@ struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(char *buf, int len);
 int register_commit_graft(struct commit_graft *, int);
 struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1);
 
+const unsigned char *lookup_replace_object(const unsigned char *sha1);
+
 extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *rev1, struct commit *rev2, int cleanup);
 extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos, int cleanup);
 extern struct commit_list *get_octopus_merge_bases(struct commit_list *in);
 
 extern int register_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int write_shallow_commits(int fd, int use_pack_protocol);
+extern int write_shallow_commits(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol);
 extern int is_repository_shallow(void);
 extern struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads,
 		int depth, int shallow_flag, int not_shallow_flag);
 
+int is_descendant_of(struct commit *, struct commit_list *);
 int in_merge_bases(struct commit *, struct commit **, int);
 
 extern int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int run_add_interactive(const char *revision, const char *patch_mode,
+			       const char **pathspec);
 
 static inline int single_parent(struct commit *commit)
 {
diff --git a/compat/basename.c b/compat/basename.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d8f8a3c6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/basename.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/* Adapted from libiberty's basename.c.  */
+char *gitbasename (char *path)
+{
+	const char *base;
+	/* Skip over the disk name in MSDOS pathnames. */
+	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
+		path += 2;
+	for (base = path; *path; path++) {
+		if (is_dir_sep(*path))
+			base = path + 1;
+	}
+	return (char *)base;
+}
diff --git a/compat/bswap.h b/compat/bswap.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f3b8c4418
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/bswap.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Let's make sure we always have a sane definition for ntohl()/htonl().
+ * Some libraries define those as a function call, just to perform byte
+ * shifting, bringing significant overhead to what should be a simple
+ * operation.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Default version that the compiler ought to optimize properly with
+ * constant values.
+ */
+static inline uint32_t default_swab32(uint32_t val)
+{
+	return (((val & 0xff000000) >> 24) |
+		((val & 0x00ff0000) >>  8) |
+		((val & 0x0000ff00) <<  8) |
+		((val & 0x000000ff) << 24));
+}
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+
+#define bswap32(x) ({ \
+	uint32_t __res; \
+	if (__builtin_constant_p(x)) { \
+		__res = default_swab32(x); \
+	} else { \
+		__asm__("bswap %0" : "=r" (__res) : "0" ((uint32_t)(x))); \
+	} \
+	__res; })
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64))
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#define bswap32(x) _byteswap_ulong(x)
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef bswap32
+
+#undef ntohl
+#undef htonl
+#define ntohl(x) bswap32(x)
+#define htonl(x) bswap32(x)
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.c b/compat/cygwin.c
index ebac14839..b4a51b958 100644
--- a/compat/cygwin.c
+++ b/compat/cygwin.c
@@ -89,10 +89,10 @@ static int cygwin_stat(const char *path, struct stat *buf)
 /*
  * At start up, we are trying to determine whether Win32 API or cygwin stat
  * functions should be used. The choice is determined by core.ignorecygwinfstricks.
- * Reading this option is not always possible immediately as git_dir may be
+ * Reading this option is not always possible immediately as git_dir may
  * not be set yet. So until it is set, use cygwin lstat/stat functions.
  * However, if core.filemode is set, we must use the Cygwin posix
- * stat/lstat as the Windows stat fuctions do not determine posix filemode.
+ * stat/lstat as the Windows stat functions do not determine posix filemode.
  *
  * Note that git_cygwin_config() does NOT call git_default_config() and this
  * is deliberate.  Many commands read from config to establish initial
diff --git a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
index 1f4ead5f9..14feac7fe 100644
--- a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
+++ b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 # include <stdlib.h>
 #endif
 
-/* For platform which support the ISO C amendement 1 functionality we
+/* For platforms which support the ISO C amendment 1 functionality we
    support user defined character classes.  */
 #if defined _LIBC || (defined HAVE_WCTYPE_H && defined HAVE_WCHAR_H)
 /* Solaris 2.5 has a bug: <wchar.h> must be included before <wctype.h>.  */
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 
 # if defined _LIBC || (defined HAVE_WCTYPE_H && defined HAVE_WCHAR_H)
 /* The GNU C library provides support for user-defined character classes
-   and the functions from ISO C amendement 1.  */
+   and the functions from ISO C amendment 1.  */
 #  ifdef CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX
 #   define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH CHARCLASS_NAME_MAX
 #  else
diff --git a/compat/memmem.c b/compat/memmem.c
index cd0d87736..56bcb4277 100644
--- a/compat/memmem.c
+++ b/compat/memmem.c
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ void *gitmemmem(const void *haystack, size_t haystack_len,
 {
 	const char *begin = haystack;
 	const char *last_possible = begin + haystack_len - needle_len;
+	const char *tail = needle;
+	char point;
 
 	/*
 	 * The first occurrence of the empty string is deemed to occur at
@@ -20,8 +22,9 @@ void *gitmemmem(const void *haystack, size_t haystack_len,
 	if (haystack_len < needle_len)
 		return NULL;
 
+	point = *tail++;
 	for (; begin <= last_possible; begin++) {
-		if (!memcmp(begin, needle, needle_len))
+		if (*begin == point && !memcmp(begin + 1, tail, needle_len - 1))
 			return (void *)begin;
 	}
 
diff --git a/compat/mingw.c b/compat/mingw.c
index 3dbe6a77f..0d73f15fa 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.c
+++ b/compat/mingw.c
@@ -1,21 +1,139 @@
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
 #include "win32.h"
+#include <conio.h>
 #include "../strbuf.h"
 
-unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
+#include <shellapi.h>
+
+static int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
+{
+	int error = ENOSYS;
+	switch(winerr) {
+	case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
+	case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
+	case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
+	case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
+	case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
+	case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
+	case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
+	case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
+	case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
+	case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
+	case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
+	case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
+	case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
+	case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
+	case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
+	case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
+	case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
+	case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
+	case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
+	case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
+	case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
+	case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
+	case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
+	case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
+	case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
+	case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
+	case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
+	}
+	return error;
+}
 
 #undef open
 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 {
 	va_list args;
 	unsigned mode;
+	int fd;
+
 	va_start(args, oflags);
 	mode = va_arg(args, int);
 	va_end(args);
 
 	if (!strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 		filename = "nul";
-	int fd = open(filename, oflags, mode);
+
+	fd = open(filename, oflags, mode);
+
 	if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 		DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(filename);
 		if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
@@ -46,7 +164,8 @@ static int do_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 		buf->st_uid = 0;
 		buf->st_nlink = 1;
 		buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
-		buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow; /* Can't use nFileSizeHigh, since it's not a stat64 */
+		buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
+			(((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 		buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 		buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 		buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
@@ -101,7 +220,7 @@ int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 	}
 	/* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 	if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
-		return fstat(fd, buf);
+		return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 
 	if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 		buf->st_ino = 0;
@@ -109,7 +228,8 @@ int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 		buf->st_uid = 0;
 		buf->st_nlink = 1;
 		buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
-		buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow; /* Can't use nFileSizeHigh, since it's not a stat64 */
+		buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
+			(((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 		buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 		buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 		buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
@@ -281,7 +401,7 @@ repeat:
 		 * its own input data to become available. But since
 		 * the process (pack-objects) is itself CPU intensive,
 		 * it will happily pick up the time slice that we are
-		 * relinguishing here.
+		 * relinquishing here.
 		 */
 		Sleep(0);
 		goto repeat;
@@ -342,7 +462,7 @@ static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 	const char *p = arg;
 	if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 	while (*p) {
-		if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{')
+		if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 			force_quotes = 1;
 		else if (*p == '"')
 			n++;
@@ -410,8 +530,8 @@ static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 	if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 		return NULL;
 	buf[n] = '\0';
-	p = strchr(buf, '\n');
-	if (!p)
+	p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
+	if (!*p)
 		return NULL;
 
 	*p = '\0';
@@ -447,7 +567,7 @@ static char **get_path_split(void)
 	if (!n)
 		return NULL;
 
-	path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char*));
+	path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 	p = envpath;
 	i = 0;
 	do {
@@ -464,10 +584,11 @@ static char **get_path_split(void)
 
 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 {
+	char **p = path;
+
 	if (!path)
 		return;
 
-	char **p = path;
 	while (*p)
 		free(*p++);
 	free(path);
@@ -708,7 +829,7 @@ void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 	free_path_split(path);
 }
 
-char **copy_environ()
+static char **copy_environ(void)
 {
 	char **env;
 	int i = 0;
@@ -745,7 +866,7 @@ static int lookup_env(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
 /*
  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
  */
-char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
+static char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
 {
 	char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
 	int i = lookup_env(env, name, eq-name);
@@ -770,19 +891,207 @@ char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
 	return env;
 }
 
-/* this is the first function to call into WS_32; initialize it */
-#undef gethostbyname
-struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
+/*
+ * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
+ */
+char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
+{
+	char **env = copy_environ();
+
+	while (*vars)
+		env = env_setenv(env, *vars++);
+	return env;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
+ * that service contains a numerical port, or that it it is null. It
+ * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
+ * if one was found.
+ */
+static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
+				   const struct addrinfo *hints,
+				   struct addrinfo **res)
+{
+	struct hostent *h = gethostbyname(node);
+	struct addrinfo *ai;
+	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
+
+	if (!h)
+		return WSAGetLastError();
+
+	ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+	*res = ai;
+	ai->ai_flags = 0;
+	ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
+	ai->ai_socktype = hints->ai_socktype;
+	switch (hints->ai_socktype) {
+	case SOCK_STREAM:
+		ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
+		break;
+	case SOCK_DGRAM:
+		ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
+		break;
+	default:
+		ai->ai_protocol = 0;
+		break;
+	}
+	ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
+	ai->ai_canonname = strdup(h->h_name);
+
+	sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
+	memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
+	sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
+	if (service)
+		sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
+	sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
+	ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
+	ai->ai_next = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
+{
+	free(res->ai_canonname);
+	free(res->ai_addr);
+	free(res);
+}
+
+static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
+				   char *host, DWORD hostlen,
+				   char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
+{
+	const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
+	if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
+		return EAI_FAMILY;
+	if (!host && !serv)
+		return EAI_NONAME;
+
+	if (host && hostlen > 0) {
+		struct hostent *ent = NULL;
+		if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
+			ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
+					    sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
+
+		if (ent)
+			snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
+		else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
+			return EAI_NONAME;
+		else
+			snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
+	}
+
+	if (serv && servlen > 0) {
+		struct servent *ent = NULL;
+		if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
+			ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
+					    flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
+
+		if (ent)
+			snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
+		else
+			snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
+static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
+static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
+				      const struct addrinfo *hints,
+				      struct addrinfo **res);
+static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
+				      char *host, DWORD hostlen,
+				      char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
+/*
+ * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
+ * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
+ */
+
+static void socket_cleanup(void)
+{
+	WSACleanup();
+	if (ipv6_dll)
+		FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
+	ipv6_dll = NULL;
+	ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
+	ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
+	ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
+}
+
+static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
 {
 	WSADATA wsa;
+	static int initialized = 0;
+	const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
+	const char **name;
+
+	if (initialized)
+		return;
 
 	if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
 		die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
 			WSAGetLastError());
-	atexit((void(*)(void)) WSACleanup);
+
+	for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
+		ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
+		if (!ipv6_dll)
+			continue;
+
+		ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
+			GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
+		ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
+						   const struct addrinfo *,
+						   struct addrinfo **))
+			GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
+		ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
+						   socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
+						   char *, DWORD, int))
+			GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
+		if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
+			FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
+			ipv6_dll = NULL;
+		} else
+			break;
+	}
+	if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
+		ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
+		ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
+		ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
+	}
+
+	atexit(socket_cleanup);
+	initialized = 1;
+}
+
+#undef gethostbyname
+struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
+{
+	ensure_socket_initialization();
 	return gethostbyname(host);
 }
 
+void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
+{
+	ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
+}
+
+int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
+		      const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
+{
+	ensure_socket_initialization();
+	return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
+}
+
+int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
+		      char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
+		      int flags)
+{
+	ensure_socket_initialization();
+	return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
+}
+
 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
 {
 	int sockfd;
@@ -819,7 +1128,9 @@ int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
 #undef rename
 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
 {
-	DWORD attrs;
+	DWORD attrs, gle;
+	int tries = 0;
+	static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
 
 	/*
 	 * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
@@ -829,10 +1140,12 @@ int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
 		return 0;
 	if (errno != EEXIST)
 		return -1;
+repeat:
 	if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
 		return 0;
 	/* TODO: translate more errors */
-	if (GetLastError() == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
+	gle = GetLastError();
+	if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
 	    (attrs = GetFileAttributes(pnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
 		if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
 			errno = EISDIR;
@@ -842,14 +1155,39 @@ int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
 		    SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 			if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
 				return 0;
+			gle = GetLastError();
 			/* revert file attributes on failure */
 			SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs);
 		}
 	}
+	if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
+		/*
+		 * We assume that some other process had the source or
+		 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
+		 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
+		 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
+		 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
+		 */
+		Sleep(delay[tries]);
+		tries++;
+		goto repeat;
+	}
 	errno = EACCES;
 	return -1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
+ * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
+ * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
+ */
+int mingw_getpagesize(void)
+{
+	SYSTEM_INFO si;
+	GetSystemInfo(&si);
+	return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
+}
+
 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
 {
 	static char user_name[100];
@@ -879,7 +1217,7 @@ static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL;
  * length to call the signal handler.
  */
 
-static __stdcall unsigned ticktack(void *dummy)
+static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
 {
 	while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
 		if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL)
@@ -975,9 +1313,9 @@ int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
 #undef signal
 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
 {
+	sig_handler_t old = timer_fn;
 	if (sig != SIGALRM)
 		return signal(sig, handler);
-	sig_handler_t old = timer_fn;
 	timer_fn = handler;
 	return old;
 }
@@ -1003,3 +1341,99 @@ void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
 	printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
 	ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", 0);
 }
+
+int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
+{
+	typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(const char*, const char*, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
+	static T create_hard_link = NULL;
+	if (!create_hard_link) {
+		create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
+			GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkA");
+		if (!create_hard_link)
+			create_hard_link = (T)-1;
+	}
+	if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
+		errno = ENOSYS;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!create_hard_link(newpath, oldpath, NULL)) {
+		errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char *getpass(const char *prompt)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	fputs(prompt, stderr);
+	for (;;) {
+		char c = _getch();
+		if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
+			break;
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, c);
+	}
+	fputs("\n", stderr);
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+#ifndef NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
+/* MinGW readdir implementation to avoid extra lstats for Git */
+struct mingw_DIR
+{
+	struct _finddata_t	dd_dta;		/* disk transfer area for this dir */
+	struct mingw_dirent	dd_dir;		/* Our own implementation, including d_type */
+	long			dd_handle;	/* _findnext handle */
+	int			dd_stat; 	/* 0 = next entry to read is first entry, -1 = off the end, positive = 0 based index of next entry */
+	char			dd_name[1]; 	/* given path for dir with search pattern (struct is extended) */
+};
+
+struct dirent *mingw_readdir(DIR *dir)
+{
+	WIN32_FIND_DATAA buf;
+	HANDLE handle;
+	struct mingw_DIR *mdir = (struct mingw_DIR*)dir;
+
+	if (!dir->dd_handle) {
+		errno = EBADF; /* No set_errno for mingw */
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (dir->dd_handle == (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && dir->dd_stat == 0)
+	{
+		DWORD lasterr;
+		handle = FindFirstFileA(dir->dd_name, &buf);
+		lasterr = GetLastError();
+		dir->dd_handle = (long)handle;
+		if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)) {
+			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	} else if (dir->dd_handle == (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+		return NULL;
+	} else if (!FindNextFileA((HANDLE)dir->dd_handle, &buf)) {
+		DWORD lasterr = GetLastError();
+		FindClose((HANDLE)dir->dd_handle);
+		dir->dd_handle = (long)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		/* POSIX says you shouldn't set errno when readdir can't
+		   find any more files; so, if another error we leave it set. */
+		if (lasterr != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
+			errno = err_win_to_posix(lasterr);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* We get here if `buf' contains valid data.  */
+	strcpy(dir->dd_dir.d_name, buf.cFileName);
+	++dir->dd_stat;
+
+	/* Set file type, based on WIN32_FIND_DATA */
+	mdir->dd_dir.d_type = 0;
+	if (buf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
+		mdir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_DIR;
+	else
+		mdir->dd_dir.d_type |= DT_REG;
+
+	return (struct dirent*)&dir->dd_dir;
+}
+#endif // !NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
diff --git a/compat/mingw.h b/compat/mingw.h
index 4f275cb8e..b3d299f5b 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.h
+++ b/compat/mingw.h
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include <winsock2.h>
+#include <ws2tcpip.h>
 
 /*
  * things that are not available in header files
@@ -17,16 +18,17 @@ typedef int pid_t;
 #define S_IROTH 0
 #define S_IXOTH 0
 
-#define WIFEXITED(x) ((unsigned)(x) < 259)	/* STILL_ACTIVE */
+#define WIFEXITED(x) 1
+#define WIFSIGNALED(x) 0
 #define WEXITSTATUS(x) ((x) & 0xff)
-#define WIFSIGNALED(x) ((unsigned)(x) > 259)
+#define WTERMSIG(x) SIGTERM
 
-#define SIGKILL 0
-#define SIGCHLD 0
-#define SIGPIPE 0
-#define SIGHUP 0
-#define SIGQUIT 0
-#define SIGALRM 100
+#define SIGHUP 1
+#define SIGQUIT 3
+#define SIGKILL 9
+#define SIGPIPE 13
+#define SIGALRM 14
+#define SIGCHLD 17
 
 #define F_GETFD 1
 #define F_SETFD 2
@@ -38,6 +40,9 @@ struct passwd {
 	char *pw_dir;
 };
 
+extern char *getpass(const char *prompt);
+
+#ifndef POLLIN
 struct pollfd {
 	int fd;           /* file descriptor */
 	short events;     /* requested events */
@@ -45,6 +50,7 @@ struct pollfd {
 };
 #define POLLIN 1
 #define POLLHUP 2
+#endif
 
 typedef void (__cdecl *sig_handler_t)(int);
 struct sigaction {
@@ -67,8 +73,6 @@ static inline int readlink(const char *path, char *buf, size_t bufsiz)
 { errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
 static inline int symlink(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 { errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
-static inline int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
-{ errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
 static inline int fchmod(int fildes, mode_t mode)
 { errno = ENOSYS; return -1; }
 static inline int fork(void)
@@ -92,6 +96,8 @@ static inline int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, long arg)
 	errno = EINVAL;
 	return -1;
 }
+/* bash cannot reliably detect negative return codes as failure */
+#define exit(code) exit((code) & 0xff)
 
 /*
  * simple adaptors
@@ -111,7 +117,7 @@ static inline int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 }
 #define unlink mingw_unlink
 
-static inline int waitpid(pid_t pid, unsigned *status, unsigned options)
+static inline int waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options)
 {
 	if (options == 0)
 		return _cwait(status, pid, 0);
@@ -119,6 +125,27 @@ static inline int waitpid(pid_t pid, unsigned *status, unsigned options)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+#ifndef NO_OPENSSL
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+static inline int mingw_SSL_set_fd(SSL *ssl, int fd)
+{
+	return SSL_set_fd(ssl, _get_osfhandle(fd));
+}
+#define SSL_set_fd mingw_SSL_set_fd
+
+static inline int mingw_SSL_set_rfd(SSL *ssl, int fd)
+{
+	return SSL_set_rfd(ssl, _get_osfhandle(fd));
+}
+#define SSL_set_rfd mingw_SSL_set_rfd
+
+static inline int mingw_SSL_set_wfd(SSL *ssl, int fd)
+{
+	return SSL_set_wfd(ssl, _get_osfhandle(fd));
+}
+#define SSL_set_wfd mingw_SSL_set_wfd
+#endif
+
 /*
  * implementations of missing functions
  */
@@ -134,6 +161,7 @@ int getpagesize(void);	/* defined in MinGW's libgcc.a */
 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid);
 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out);
 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out);
+int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
 
 /*
  * replacements of existing functions
@@ -151,6 +179,18 @@ char *mingw_getenv(const char *name);
 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host);
 #define gethostbyname mingw_gethostbyname
 
+void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res);
+#define freeaddrinfo mingw_freeaddrinfo
+
+int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
+		      const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res);
+#define getaddrinfo mingw_getaddrinfo
+
+int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
+		      char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
+		      int flags);
+#define getnameinfo mingw_getnameinfo
+
 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
 #define socket mingw_socket
 
@@ -160,14 +200,22 @@ int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz);
 int mingw_rename(const char*, const char*);
 #define rename mingw_rename
 
+#if defined(USE_WIN32_MMAP) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+int mingw_getpagesize(void);
+#define getpagesize mingw_getpagesize
+#endif
+
 /* Use mingw_lstat() instead of lstat()/stat() and
  * mingw_fstat() instead of fstat() on Windows.
  */
+#define off_t off64_t
+#define stat _stati64
+#define lseek _lseeki64
 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf);
 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf);
 #define fstat mingw_fstat
 #define lstat mingw_lstat
-#define stat(x,y) mingw_lstat(x,y)
+#define _stati64(x,y) mingw_lstat(x,y)
 
 int mingw_utime(const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times);
 #define utime mingw_utime
@@ -210,19 +258,52 @@ void mingw_open_html(const char *path);
  * helpers
  */
 
-char **copy_environ(void);
+char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars);
 void free_environ(char **env);
-char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name);
 
 /*
  * A replacement of main() that ensures that argv[0] has a path
+ * and that default fmode and std(in|out|err) are in binary mode
  */
 
 #define main(c,v) dummy_decl_mingw_main(); \
 static int mingw_main(); \
 int main(int argc, const char **argv) \
 { \
+	_fmode = _O_BINARY; \
+	_setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY); \
+	_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY); \
+	_setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY); \
 	argv[0] = xstrdup(_pgmptr); \
 	return mingw_main(argc, argv); \
 } \
 static int mingw_main(c,v)
+
+#ifndef NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
+/*
+ * A replacement of readdir, to ensure that it reads the file type at
+ * the same time. This avoid extra unneeded lstats in git on MinGW
+ */
+#undef DT_UNKNOWN
+#undef DT_DIR
+#undef DT_REG
+#undef DT_LNK
+#define DT_UNKNOWN	0
+#define DT_DIR		1
+#define DT_REG		2
+#define DT_LNK		3
+
+struct mingw_dirent
+{
+	long		d_ino;			/* Always zero. */
+	union {
+		unsigned short	d_reclen;	/* Always zero. */
+		unsigned char   d_type;		/* Reimplementation adds this */
+	};
+	unsigned short	d_namlen;		/* Length of name in d_name. */
+	char		d_name[FILENAME_MAX];	/* File name. */
+};
+#define dirent mingw_dirent
+#define readdir(x) mingw_readdir(x)
+struct dirent *mingw_readdir(DIR *dir);
+#endif // !NO_MINGW_REPLACE_READDIR
diff --git a/compat/mkstemps.c b/compat/mkstemps.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14179c8e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/mkstemps.c
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+/* Adapted from libiberty's mkstemp.c. */
+
+#undef TMP_MAX
+#define TMP_MAX 16384
+
+int gitmkstemps(char *pattern, int suffix_len)
+{
+	static const char letters[] =
+		"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+		"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+		"0123456789";
+	static const int num_letters = 62;
+	uint64_t value;
+	struct timeval tv;
+	char *template;
+	size_t len;
+	int fd, count;
+
+	len = strlen(pattern);
+
+	if (len < 6 + suffix_len) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (strncmp(&pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len], "XXXXXX", 6)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Replace pattern's XXXXXX characters with randomness.
+	 * Try TMP_MAX different filenames.
+	 */
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+	value = ((size_t)(tv.tv_usec << 16)) ^ tv.tv_sec ^ getpid();
+	template = &pattern[len - 6 - suffix_len];
+	for (count = 0; count < TMP_MAX; ++count) {
+		uint64_t v = value;
+		/* Fill in the random bits. */
+		template[0] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[1] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[2] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[3] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[4] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+		template[5] = letters[v % num_letters]; v /= num_letters;
+
+		fd = open(pattern, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_RDWR, 0600);
+		if (fd > 0)
+			return fd;
+		/*
+		 * Fatal error (EPERM, ENOSPC etc).
+		 * It doesn't make sense to loop.
+		 */
+		if (errno != EEXIST)
+			break;
+		/*
+		 * This is a random value.  It is only necessary that
+		 * the next TMP_MAX values generated by adding 7777 to
+		 * VALUE are different with (module 2^32).
+		 */
+		value += 7777;
+	}
+	/* We return the null string if we can't find a unique file name.  */
+	pattern[0] = '\0';
+	errno = EINVAL;
+	return -1;
+}
diff --git a/compat/msvc.c b/compat/msvc.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac04a4ccb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/msvc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#include "win32.h"
+#include <conio.h>
+#include "../strbuf.h"
+
+DIR *opendir(const char *name)
+{
+	int len;
+	DIR *p;
+	p = (DIR*)malloc(sizeof(DIR));
+	memset(p, 0, sizeof(DIR));
+	strncpy(p->dd_name, name, PATH_MAX);
+	len = strlen(p->dd_name);
+	p->dd_name[len] = '/';
+	p->dd_name[len+1] = '*';
+
+	if (p == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	p->dd_handle = _findfirst(p->dd_name, &p->dd_dta);
+
+	if (p->dd_handle == -1) {
+		free(p);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return p;
+}
+int closedir(DIR *dir)
+{
+	_findclose(dir->dd_handle);
+	free(dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#include "mingw.c"
diff --git a/compat/msvc.h b/compat/msvc.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9c753a560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/msvc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#ifndef __MSVC__HEAD
+#define __MSVC__HEAD
+
+#include <direct.h>
+#include <process.h>
+#include <malloc.h>
+
+/* porting function */
+#define inline __inline
+#define __inline__ __inline
+#define __attribute__(x)
+#define va_copy(dst, src)     ((dst) = (src))
+#define strncasecmp  _strnicmp
+#define ftruncate    _chsize
+
+static __inline int strcasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2)
+{
+	int size1 = strlen(s1);
+	int sisz2 = strlen(s2);
+	return _strnicmp(s1, s2, sisz2 > size1 ? sisz2 : size1);
+}
+
+#undef ERROR
+#undef stat
+#undef _stati64
+#include "compat/mingw.h"
+#undef stat
+#define stat _stati64
+#define _stat64(x,y) mingw_lstat(x,y)
+
+/*
+   Even though _stati64 is normally just defined at _stat64
+   on Windows, we specify it here as a proper struct to avoid
+   compiler warnings about macro redefinition due to magic in
+   mingw.h. Struct taken from ReactOS (GNU GPL license).
+*/
+struct _stati64 {
+	_dev_t  st_dev;
+	_ino_t  st_ino;
+	unsigned short st_mode;
+	short   st_nlink;
+	short   st_uid;
+	short   st_gid;
+	_dev_t  st_rdev;
+	__int64 st_size;
+	time_t  st_atime;
+	time_t  st_mtime;
+	time_t  st_ctime;
+};
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/License.txt b/compat/nedmalloc/License.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..36b7cd93c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/License.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt b/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..876365646
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+nedalloc v1.05 15th June 2008:
+-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
+
+by Niall Douglas (http://www.nedprod.com/programs/portable/nedmalloc/)
+
+Enclosed is nedalloc, an alternative malloc implementation for multiple
+threads without lock contention based on dlmalloc v2.8.4. It is more
+or less a newer implementation of ptmalloc2, the standard allocator in
+Linux (which is based on dlmalloc v2.7.0) but also contains a per-thread
+cache for maximum CPU scalability.
+
+It is licensed under the Boost Software License which basically means
+you can do anything you like with it. This does not apply to the malloc.c.h
+file which remains copyright to others.
+
+It has been tested on win32 (x86), win64 (x64), Linux (x64), FreeBSD (x64)
+and Apple MacOS X (x86). It works very well on all of these and is very
+significantly faster than the system allocator on all of these platforms.
+
+By literally dropping in this allocator as a replacement for your system
+allocator, you can see real world improvements of up to three times in normal
+code!
+
+To use:
+-=-=-=-
+Drop in nedmalloc.h, nedmalloc.c and malloc.c.h into your project.
+Configure using the instructions in nedmalloc.h. Run and enjoy.
+
+To test, compile test.c. It will run a comparison between your system
+allocator and nedalloc and tell you how much faster nedalloc is. It also
+serves as an example of usage.
+
+Notes:
+-=-=-=
+If you want the very latest version of this allocator, get it from the
+TnFOX SVN repository at svn://svn.berlios.de/viewcvs/tnfox/trunk/src/nedmalloc
+
+Because of how nedalloc allocates an mspace per thread, it can cause
+severe bloating of memory usage under certain allocation patterns.
+You can substantially reduce this wastage by setting MAXTHREADSINPOOL
+or the threads parameter to nedcreatepool() to a fraction of the number of
+threads which would normally be in a pool at once. This will reduce
+bloating at the cost of an increase in lock contention. If allocated size
+is less than THREADCACHEMAX, locking is avoided 90-99% of the time and
+if most of your allocations are below this value, you can safely set
+MAXTHREADSINPOOL to one.
+
+You will suffer memory leakage unless you call neddisablethreadcache()
+per pool for every thread which exits. This is because nedalloc cannot
+portably know when a thread exits and thus when its thread cache can
+be returned for use by other code. Don't forget pool zero, the system pool.
+
+For C++ type allocation patterns (where the same sizes of memory are
+regularly allocated and deallocated as objects are created and destroyed),
+the threadcache always benefits performance. If however your allocation
+patterns are different, searching the threadcache may significantly slow
+down your code - as a rule of thumb, if cache utilisation is below 80%
+(see the source for neddisablethreadcache() for how to enable debug
+printing in release mode) then you should disable the thread cache for
+that thread. You can compile out the threadcache code by setting
+THREADCACHEMAX to zero.
+
+Speed comparisons:
+-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
+See Benchmarks.xls for details.
+
+The enclosed test.c can do two things: it can be a torture test or a speed
+test. The speed test is designed to be a representative synthetic
+memory allocator test. It works by randomly mixing allocations with frees
+with half of the allocation sizes being a two power multiple less than
+512 bytes (to mimic C++ stack instantiated objects) and the other half
+being a simple random value less than 16Kb.
+
+The real world code results are from Tn's TestIO benchmark. This is a
+heavily multithreaded and memory intensive benchmark with a lot of branching
+and other stuff modern processors don't like so much. As you'll note, the
+test doesn't show the benefits of the threadcache mostly due to the saturation
+of the memory bus being the limiting factor.
+
+ChangeLog:
+-=-=-=-=-=
+v1.05 15th June 2008:
+ * { 1042 } Added error check for TLSSET() and TLSFREE() macros. Thanks to
+Markus Elfring for reporting this.
+ * { 1043 } Fixed a segfault when freeing memory allocated using
+nedindependent_comalloc(). Thanks to Pavel Vozenilek for reporting this.
+
+v1.04 14th July 2007:
+ * Fixed a bug with the new optimised implementation that failed to lock
+on a realloc under certain conditions.
+ * Fixed lack of thread synchronisation in InitPool() causing pool corruption
+ * Fixed a memory leak of thread cache contents on disabling. Thanks to Earl
+Chew for reporting this.
+ * Added a sanity check for freed blocks being valid.
+ * Reworked test.c into being a torture test.
+ * Fixed GCC assembler optimisation misspecification
+
+v1.04alpha_svn915 7th October 2006:
+ * Fixed failure to unlock thread cache list if allocating a new list failed.
+Thanks to Dmitry Chichkov for reporting this. Futher thanks to Aleksey Sanin.
+ * Fixed realloc(0, <size>) segfaulting. Thanks to Dmitry Chichkov for
+reporting this.
+ * Made config defines #ifndef so they can be overriden by the build system.
+Thanks to Aleksey Sanin for suggesting this.
+ * Fixed deadlock in nedprealloc() due to unnecessary locking of preferred
+thread mspace when mspace_realloc() always uses the original block's mspace
+anyway. Thanks to Aleksey Sanin for reporting this.
+ * Made some speed improvements by hacking mspace_malloc() to no longer lock
+its mspace, thus allowing the recursive mutex implementation to be removed
+with an associated speed increase. Thanks to Aleksey Sanin for suggesting this.
+ * Fixed a bug where allocating mspaces overran its max limit. Thanks to
+Aleksey Sanin for reporting this.
+
+v1.03 10th July 2006:
+ * Fixed memory corruption bug in threadcache code which only appeared with >4
+threads and in heavy use of the threadcache.
+
+v1.02 15th May 2006:
+ * Integrated dlmalloc v2.8.4, fixing the win32 memory release problem and
+improving performance still further. Speed is now up to twice the speed of v1.01
+(average is 67% faster).
+ * Fixed win32 critical section implementation. Thanks to Pavel Kuznetsov
+for reporting this.
+ * Wasn't locking mspace if all mspaces were locked. Thanks to Pavel Kuznetsov
+for reporting this.
+ * Added Apple Mac OS X support.
+
+v1.01 24th February 2006:
+ * Fixed multiprocessor scaling problems by removing sources of cache sloshing
+ * Earl Chew <earl_chew <at> agilent <dot> com> sent patches for the following:
+   1. size2binidx() wasn't working for default code path (non x86)
+   2. Fixed failure to release mspace lock under certain circumstances which
+      caused a deadlock
+
+v1.00 1st January 2006:
+ * First release
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..74c42e316
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/malloc.c.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5752 @@
+/*
+  This is a version (aka dlmalloc) of malloc/free/realloc written by
+  Doug Lea and released to the public domain, as explained at
+  http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain.  Send questions,
+  comments, complaints, performance data, etc to dl@cs.oswego.edu
+
+* Version pre-2.8.4 Mon Nov 27 11:22:37 2006    (dl at gee)
+
+   Note: There may be an updated version of this malloc obtainable at
+	   ftp://gee.cs.oswego.edu/pub/misc/malloc.c
+	 Check before installing!
+
+* Quickstart
+
+  This library is all in one file to simplify the most common usage:
+  ftp it, compile it (-O3), and link it into another program. All of
+  the compile-time options default to reasonable values for use on
+  most platforms.  You might later want to step through various
+  compile-time and dynamic tuning options.
+
+  For convenience, an include file for code using this malloc is at:
+     ftp://gee.cs.oswego.edu/pub/misc/malloc-2.8.4.h
+  You don't really need this .h file unless you call functions not
+  defined in your system include files.  The .h file contains only the
+  excerpts from this file needed for using this malloc on ANSI C/C++
+  systems, so long as you haven't changed compile-time options about
+  naming and tuning parameters.  If you do, then you can create your
+  own malloc.h that does include all settings by cutting at the point
+  indicated below. Note that you may already by default be using a C
+  library containing a malloc that is based on some version of this
+  malloc (for example in linux). You might still want to use the one
+  in this file to customize settings or to avoid overheads associated
+  with library versions.
+
+* Vital statistics:
+
+  Supported pointer/size_t representation:       4 or 8 bytes
+       size_t MUST be an unsigned type of the same width as
+       pointers. (If you are using an ancient system that declares
+       size_t as a signed type, or need it to be a different width
+       than pointers, you can use a previous release of this malloc
+       (e.g. 2.7.2) supporting these.)
+
+  Alignment:                                     8 bytes (default)
+       This suffices for nearly all current machines and C compilers.
+       However, you can define MALLOC_ALIGNMENT to be wider than this
+       if necessary (up to 128bytes), at the expense of using more space.
+
+  Minimum overhead per allocated chunk:   4 or  8 bytes (if 4byte sizes)
+					  8 or 16 bytes (if 8byte sizes)
+       Each malloced chunk has a hidden word of overhead holding size
+       and status information, and additional cross-check word
+       if FOOTERS is defined.
+
+  Minimum allocated size: 4-byte ptrs:  16 bytes    (including overhead)
+			  8-byte ptrs:  32 bytes    (including overhead)
+
+       Even a request for zero bytes (i.e., malloc(0)) returns a
+       pointer to something of the minimum allocatable size.
+       The maximum overhead wastage (i.e., number of extra bytes
+       allocated than were requested in malloc) is less than or equal
+       to the minimum size, except for requests >= mmap_threshold that
+       are serviced via mmap(), where the worst case wastage is about
+       32 bytes plus the remainder from a system page (the minimal
+       mmap unit); typically 4096 or 8192 bytes.
+
+  Security: static-safe; optionally more or less
+       The "security" of malloc refers to the ability of malicious
+       code to accentuate the effects of errors (for example, freeing
+       space that is not currently malloc'ed or overwriting past the
+       ends of chunks) in code that calls malloc.  This malloc
+       guarantees not to modify any memory locations below the base of
+       heap, i.e., static variables, even in the presence of usage
+       errors.  The routines additionally detect most improper frees
+       and reallocs.  All this holds as long as the static bookkeeping
+       for malloc itself is not corrupted by some other means.  This
+       is only one aspect of security -- these checks do not, and
+       cannot, detect all possible programming errors.
+
+       If FOOTERS is defined nonzero, then each allocated chunk
+       carries an additional check word to verify that it was malloced
+       from its space.  These check words are the same within each
+       execution of a program using malloc, but differ across
+       executions, so externally crafted fake chunks cannot be
+       freed. This improves security by rejecting frees/reallocs that
+       could corrupt heap memory, in addition to the checks preventing
+       writes to statics that are always on.  This may further improve
+       security at the expense of time and space overhead.  (Note that
+       FOOTERS may also be worth using with MSPACES.)
+
+       By default detected errors cause the program to abort (calling
+       "abort()"). You can override this to instead proceed past
+       errors by defining PROCEED_ON_ERROR.  In this case, a bad free
+       has no effect, and a malloc that encounters a bad address
+       caused by user overwrites will ignore the bad address by
+       dropping pointers and indices to all known memory. This may
+       be appropriate for programs that should continue if at all
+       possible in the face of programming errors, although they may
+       run out of memory because dropped memory is never reclaimed.
+
+       If you don't like either of these options, you can define
+       CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION and USAGE_ERROR_ACTION to do anything
+       else. And if if you are sure that your program using malloc has
+       no errors or vulnerabilities, you can define INSECURE to 1,
+       which might (or might not) provide a small performance improvement.
+
+  Thread-safety: NOT thread-safe unless USE_LOCKS defined
+       When USE_LOCKS is defined, each public call to malloc, free,
+       etc is surrounded with either a pthread mutex or a win32
+       spinlock (depending on WIN32). This is not especially fast, and
+       can be a major bottleneck.  It is designed only to provide
+       minimal protection in concurrent environments, and to provide a
+       basis for extensions.  If you are using malloc in a concurrent
+       program, consider instead using nedmalloc
+       (http://www.nedprod.com/programs/portable/nedmalloc/) or
+       ptmalloc (See http://www.malloc.de), which are derived
+       from versions of this malloc.
+
+  System requirements: Any combination of MORECORE and/or MMAP/MUNMAP
+       This malloc can use unix sbrk or any emulation (invoked using
+       the CALL_MORECORE macro) and/or mmap/munmap or any emulation
+       (invoked using CALL_MMAP/CALL_MUNMAP) to get and release system
+       memory.  On most unix systems, it tends to work best if both
+       MORECORE and MMAP are enabled.  On Win32, it uses emulations
+       based on VirtualAlloc. It also uses common C library functions
+       like memset.
+
+  Compliance: I believe it is compliant with the Single Unix Specification
+       (See http://www.unix.org). Also SVID/XPG, ANSI C, and probably
+       others as well.
+
+* Overview of algorithms
+
+  This is not the fastest, most space-conserving, most portable, or
+  most tunable malloc ever written. However it is among the fastest
+  while also being among the most space-conserving, portable and
+  tunable.  Consistent balance across these factors results in a good
+  general-purpose allocator for malloc-intensive programs.
+
+  In most ways, this malloc is a best-fit allocator. Generally, it
+  chooses the best-fitting existing chunk for a request, with ties
+  broken in approximately least-recently-used order. (This strategy
+  normally maintains low fragmentation.) However, for requests less
+  than 256bytes, it deviates from best-fit when there is not an
+  exactly fitting available chunk by preferring to use space adjacent
+  to that used for the previous small request, as well as by breaking
+  ties in approximately most-recently-used order. (These enhance
+  locality of series of small allocations.)  And for very large requests
+  (>= 256Kb by default), it relies on system memory mapping
+  facilities, if supported.  (This helps avoid carrying around and
+  possibly fragmenting memory used only for large chunks.)
+
+  All operations (except malloc_stats and mallinfo) have execution
+  times that are bounded by a constant factor of the number of bits in
+  a size_t, not counting any clearing in calloc or copying in realloc,
+  or actions surrounding MORECORE and MMAP that have times
+  proportional to the number of non-contiguous regions returned by
+  system allocation routines, which is often just 1. In real-time
+  applications, you can optionally suppress segment traversals using
+  NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL, which assures bounded execution even when
+  system allocators return non-contiguous spaces, at the typical
+  expense of carrying around more memory and increased fragmentation.
+
+  The implementation is not very modular and seriously overuses
+  macros. Perhaps someday all C compilers will do as good a job
+  inlining modular code as can now be done by brute-force expansion,
+  but now, enough of them seem not to.
+
+  Some compilers issue a lot of warnings about code that is
+  dead/unreachable only on some platforms, and also about intentional
+  uses of negation on unsigned types. All known cases of each can be
+  ignored.
+
+  For a longer but out of date high-level description, see
+     http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/html/malloc.html
+
+* MSPACES
+  If MSPACES is defined, then in addition to malloc, free, etc.,
+  this file also defines mspace_malloc, mspace_free, etc. These
+  are versions of malloc routines that take an "mspace" argument
+  obtained using create_mspace, to control all internal bookkeeping.
+  If ONLY_MSPACES is defined, only these versions are compiled.
+  So if you would like to use this allocator for only some allocations,
+  and your system malloc for others, you can compile with
+  ONLY_MSPACES and then do something like...
+    static mspace mymspace = create_mspace(0,0); // for example
+    #define mymalloc(bytes)  mspace_malloc(mymspace, bytes)
+
+  (Note: If you only need one instance of an mspace, you can instead
+  use "USE_DL_PREFIX" to relabel the global malloc.)
+
+  You can similarly create thread-local allocators by storing
+  mspaces as thread-locals. For example:
+    static __thread mspace tlms = 0;
+    void*  tlmalloc(size_t bytes) {
+      if (tlms == 0) tlms = create_mspace(0, 0);
+      return mspace_malloc(tlms, bytes);
+    }
+    void  tlfree(void* mem) { mspace_free(tlms, mem); }
+
+  Unless FOOTERS is defined, each mspace is completely independent.
+  You cannot allocate from one and free to another (although
+  conformance is only weakly checked, so usage errors are not always
+  caught). If FOOTERS is defined, then each chunk carries around a tag
+  indicating its originating mspace, and frees are directed to their
+  originating spaces.
+
+ -------------------------  Compile-time options ---------------------------
+
+Be careful in setting #define values for numerical constants of type
+size_t. On some systems, literal values are not automatically extended
+to size_t precision unless they are explicitly casted. You can also
+use the symbolic values MAX_SIZE_T, SIZE_T_ONE, etc below.
+
+WIN32                    default: defined if _WIN32 defined
+  Defining WIN32 sets up defaults for MS environment and compilers.
+  Otherwise defaults are for unix. Beware that there seem to be some
+  cases where this malloc might not be a pure drop-in replacement for
+  Win32 malloc: Random-looking failures from Win32 GDI API's (eg;
+  SetDIBits()) may be due to bugs in some video driver implementations
+  when pixel buffers are malloc()ed, and the region spans more than
+  one VirtualAlloc()ed region. Because dlmalloc uses a small (64Kb)
+  default granularity, pixel buffers may straddle virtual allocation
+  regions more often than when using the Microsoft allocator.  You can
+  avoid this by using VirtualAlloc() and VirtualFree() for all pixel
+  buffers rather than using malloc().  If this is not possible,
+  recompile this malloc with a larger DEFAULT_GRANULARITY.
+
+MALLOC_ALIGNMENT         default: (size_t)8
+  Controls the minimum alignment for malloc'ed chunks.  It must be a
+  power of two and at least 8, even on machines for which smaller
+  alignments would suffice. It may be defined as larger than this
+  though. Note however that code and data structures are optimized for
+  the case of 8-byte alignment.
+
+MSPACES                  default: 0 (false)
+  If true, compile in support for independent allocation spaces.
+  This is only supported if HAVE_MMAP is true.
+
+ONLY_MSPACES             default: 0 (false)
+  If true, only compile in mspace versions, not regular versions.
+
+USE_LOCKS                default: 0 (false)
+  Causes each call to each public routine to be surrounded with
+  pthread or WIN32 mutex lock/unlock. (If set true, this can be
+  overridden on a per-mspace basis for mspace versions.) If set to a
+  non-zero value other than 1, locks are used, but their
+  implementation is left out, so lock functions must be supplied manually.
+
+USE_SPIN_LOCKS           default: 1 iff USE_LOCKS and on x86 using gcc or MSC
+  If true, uses custom spin locks for locking. This is currently
+  supported only for x86 platforms using gcc or recent MS compilers.
+  Otherwise, posix locks or win32 critical sections are used.
+
+FOOTERS                  default: 0
+  If true, provide extra checking and dispatching by placing
+  information in the footers of allocated chunks. This adds
+  space and time overhead.
+
+INSECURE                 default: 0
+  If true, omit checks for usage errors and heap space overwrites.
+
+USE_DL_PREFIX            default: NOT defined
+  Causes compiler to prefix all public routines with the string 'dl'.
+  This can be useful when you only want to use this malloc in one part
+  of a program, using your regular system malloc elsewhere.
+
+ABORT                    default: defined as abort()
+  Defines how to abort on failed checks.  On most systems, a failed
+  check cannot die with an "assert" or even print an informative
+  message, because the underlying print routines in turn call malloc,
+  which will fail again.  Generally, the best policy is to simply call
+  abort(). It's not very useful to do more than this because many
+  errors due to overwriting will show up as address faults (null, odd
+  addresses etc) rather than malloc-triggered checks, so will also
+  abort.  Also, most compilers know that abort() does not return, so
+  can better optimize code conditionally calling it.
+
+PROCEED_ON_ERROR           default: defined as 0 (false)
+  Controls whether detected bad addresses cause them to bypassed
+  rather than aborting. If set, detected bad arguments to free and
+  realloc are ignored. And all bookkeeping information is zeroed out
+  upon a detected overwrite of freed heap space, thus losing the
+  ability to ever return it from malloc again, but enabling the
+  application to proceed. If PROCEED_ON_ERROR is defined, the
+  static variable malloc_corruption_error_count is compiled in
+  and can be examined to see if errors have occurred. This option
+  generates slower code than the default abort policy.
+
+DEBUG                    default: NOT defined
+  The DEBUG setting is mainly intended for people trying to modify
+  this code or diagnose problems when porting to new platforms.
+  However, it may also be able to better isolate user errors than just
+  using runtime checks.  The assertions in the check routines spell
+  out in more detail the assumptions and invariants underlying the
+  algorithms.  The checking is fairly extensive, and will slow down
+  execution noticeably. Calling malloc_stats or mallinfo with DEBUG
+  set will attempt to check every non-mmapped allocated and free chunk
+  in the course of computing the summaries.
+
+ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE   default: defined as 1 (true)
+  Debugging assertion failures can be nearly impossible if your
+  version of the assert macro causes malloc to be called, which will
+  lead to a cascade of further failures, blowing the runtime stack.
+  ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE cause assertions failures to call abort(),
+  which will usually make debugging easier.
+
+MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION     default: sets errno to ENOMEM, or no-op on win32
+  The action to take before "return 0" when malloc fails to be able to
+  return memory because there is none available.
+
+HAVE_MORECORE             default: 1 (true) unless win32 or ONLY_MSPACES
+  True if this system supports sbrk or an emulation of it.
+
+MORECORE                  default: sbrk
+  The name of the sbrk-style system routine to call to obtain more
+  memory.  See below for guidance on writing custom MORECORE
+  functions. The type of the argument to sbrk/MORECORE varies across
+  systems.  It cannot be size_t, because it supports negative
+  arguments, so it is normally the signed type of the same width as
+  size_t (sometimes declared as "intptr_t").  It doesn't much matter
+  though. Internally, we only call it with arguments less than half
+  the max value of a size_t, which should work across all reasonable
+  possibilities, although sometimes generating compiler warnings.
+
+MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS       default: 1 (true) if HAVE_MORECORE
+  If true, take advantage of fact that consecutive calls to MORECORE
+  with positive arguments always return contiguous increasing
+  addresses.  This is true of unix sbrk. It does not hurt too much to
+  set it true anyway, since malloc copes with non-contiguities.
+  Setting it false when definitely non-contiguous saves time
+  and possibly wasted space it would take to discover this though.
+
+MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM      default: NOT defined
+  True if MORECORE cannot release space back to the system when given
+  negative arguments. This is generally necessary only if you are
+  using a hand-crafted MORECORE function that cannot handle negative
+  arguments.
+
+NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL       default: 0
+  If non-zero, suppresses traversals of memory segments
+  returned by either MORECORE or CALL_MMAP. This disables
+  merging of segments that are contiguous, and selectively
+  releasing them to the OS if unused, but bounds execution times.
+
+HAVE_MMAP                 default: 1 (true)
+  True if this system supports mmap or an emulation of it.  If so, and
+  HAVE_MORECORE is not true, MMAP is used for all system
+  allocation. If set and HAVE_MORECORE is true as well, MMAP is
+  primarily used to directly allocate very large blocks. It is also
+  used as a backup strategy in cases where MORECORE fails to provide
+  space from system. Note: A single call to MUNMAP is assumed to be
+  able to unmap memory that may have be allocated using multiple calls
+  to MMAP, so long as they are adjacent.
+
+HAVE_MREMAP               default: 1 on linux, else 0
+  If true realloc() uses mremap() to re-allocate large blocks and
+  extend or shrink allocation spaces.
+
+MMAP_CLEARS               default: 1 except on WINCE.
+  True if mmap clears memory so calloc doesn't need to. This is true
+  for standard unix mmap using /dev/zero and on WIN32 except for WINCE.
+
+USE_BUILTIN_FFS            default: 0 (i.e., not used)
+  Causes malloc to use the builtin ffs() function to compute indices.
+  Some compilers may recognize and intrinsify ffs to be faster than the
+  supplied C version. Also, the case of x86 using gcc is special-cased
+  to an asm instruction, so is already as fast as it can be, and so
+  this setting has no effect. Similarly for Win32 under recent MS compilers.
+  (On most x86s, the asm version is only slightly faster than the C version.)
+
+malloc_getpagesize         default: derive from system includes, or 4096.
+  The system page size. To the extent possible, this malloc manages
+  memory from the system in page-size units.  This may be (and
+  usually is) a function rather than a constant. This is ignored
+  if WIN32, where page size is determined using getSystemInfo during
+  initialization.
+
+USE_DEV_RANDOM             default: 0 (i.e., not used)
+  Causes malloc to use /dev/random to initialize secure magic seed for
+  stamping footers. Otherwise, the current time is used.
+
+NO_MALLINFO                default: 0
+  If defined, don't compile "mallinfo". This can be a simple way
+  of dealing with mismatches between system declarations and
+  those in this file.
+
+MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE        default: size_t
+  The type of the fields in the mallinfo struct. This was originally
+  defined as "int" in SVID etc, but is more usefully defined as
+  size_t. The value is used only if  HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H is not set
+
+REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES    default: not defined
+  This should be set if a call to realloc with zero bytes should
+  be the same as a call to free. Some people think it should. Otherwise,
+  since this malloc returns a unique pointer for malloc(0), so does
+  realloc(p, 0).
+
+LACKS_UNISTD_H, LACKS_FCNTL_H, LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H, LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H
+LACKS_STRINGS_H, LACKS_STRING_H, LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H,  LACKS_ERRNO_H
+LACKS_STDLIB_H                default: NOT defined unless on WIN32
+  Define these if your system does not have these header files.
+  You might need to manually insert some of the declarations they provide.
+
+DEFAULT_GRANULARITY        default: page size if MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS,
+				system_info.dwAllocationGranularity in WIN32,
+				otherwise 64K.
+      Also settable using mallopt(M_GRANULARITY, x)
+  The unit for allocating and deallocating memory from the system.  On
+  most systems with contiguous MORECORE, there is no reason to
+  make this more than a page. However, systems with MMAP tend to
+  either require or encourage larger granularities.  You can increase
+  this value to prevent system allocation functions to be called so
+  often, especially if they are slow.  The value must be at least one
+  page and must be a power of two.  Setting to 0 causes initialization
+  to either page size or win32 region size.  (Note: In previous
+  versions of malloc, the equivalent of this option was called
+  "TOP_PAD")
+
+DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD    default: 2MB
+      Also settable using mallopt(M_TRIM_THRESHOLD, x)
+  The maximum amount of unused top-most memory to keep before
+  releasing via malloc_trim in free().  Automatic trimming is mainly
+  useful in long-lived programs using contiguous MORECORE.  Because
+  trimming via sbrk can be slow on some systems, and can sometimes be
+  wasteful (in cases where programs immediately afterward allocate
+  more large chunks) the value should be high enough so that your
+  overall system performance would improve by releasing this much
+  memory.  As a rough guide, you might set to a value close to the
+  average size of a process (program) running on your system.
+  Releasing this much memory would allow such a process to run in
+  memory.  Generally, it is worth tuning trim thresholds when a
+  program undergoes phases where several large chunks are allocated
+  and released in ways that can reuse each other's storage, perhaps
+  mixed with phases where there are no such chunks at all. The trim
+  value must be greater than page size to have any useful effect.  To
+  disable trimming completely, you can set to MAX_SIZE_T. Note that the trick
+  some people use of mallocing a huge space and then freeing it at
+  program startup, in an attempt to reserve system memory, doesn't
+  have the intended effect under automatic trimming, since that memory
+  will immediately be returned to the system.
+
+DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD       default: 256K
+      Also settable using mallopt(M_MMAP_THRESHOLD, x)
+  The request size threshold for using MMAP to directly service a
+  request. Requests of at least this size that cannot be allocated
+  using already-existing space will be serviced via mmap.  (If enough
+  normal freed space already exists it is used instead.)  Using mmap
+  segregates relatively large chunks of memory so that they can be
+  individually obtained and released from the host system. A request
+  serviced through mmap is never reused by any other request (at least
+  not directly; the system may just so happen to remap successive
+  requests to the same locations).  Segregating space in this way has
+  the benefits that: Mmapped space can always be individually released
+  back to the system, which helps keep the system level memory demands
+  of a long-lived program low.  Also, mapped memory doesn't become
+  `locked' between other chunks, as can happen with normally allocated
+  chunks, which means that even trimming via malloc_trim would not
+  release them.  However, it has the disadvantage that the space
+  cannot be reclaimed, consolidated, and then used to service later
+  requests, as happens with normal chunks.  The advantages of mmap
+  nearly always outweigh disadvantages for "large" chunks, but the
+  value of "large" may vary across systems.  The default is an
+  empirically derived value that works well in most systems. You can
+  disable mmap by setting to MAX_SIZE_T.
+
+MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE   default: 4095 unless not HAVE_MMAP
+  The number of consolidated frees between checks to release
+  unused segments when freeing. When using non-contiguous segments,
+  especially with multiple mspaces, checking only for topmost space
+  doesn't always suffice to trigger trimming. To compensate for this,
+  free() will, with a period of MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE (or the
+  current number of segments, if greater) try to release unused
+  segments to the OS when freeing chunks that result in
+  consolidation. The best value for this parameter is a compromise
+  between slowing down frees with relatively costly checks that
+  rarely trigger versus holding on to unused memory. To effectively
+  disable, set to MAX_SIZE_T. This may lead to a very slight speed
+  improvement at the expense of carrying around more memory.
+*/
+
+/* Version identifier to allow people to support multiple versions */
+#ifndef DLMALLOC_VERSION
+#define DLMALLOC_VERSION 20804
+#endif /* DLMALLOC_VERSION */
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define WIN32 1
+#endif  /* _WIN32 */
+#ifdef _WIN32_WCE
+#define LACKS_FCNTL_H
+#define WIN32 1
+#endif /* _WIN32_WCE */
+#endif  /* WIN32 */
+#ifdef WIN32
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x403
+#include <windows.h>
+#define HAVE_MMAP 1
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 0
+#define LACKS_UNISTD_H
+#define LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H
+#define LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H
+#define LACKS_STRING_H
+#define LACKS_STRINGS_H
+#define LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H
+#define LACKS_ERRNO_H
+#ifndef MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION
+#define MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION
+#endif /* MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION */
+#ifdef _WIN32_WCE /* WINCE reportedly does not clear */
+#define MMAP_CLEARS 0
+#else
+#define MMAP_CLEARS 1
+#endif /* _WIN32_WCE */
+#endif  /* WIN32 */
+
+#if defined(DARWIN) || defined(_DARWIN)
+/* Mac OSX docs advise not to use sbrk; it seems better to use mmap */
+#ifndef HAVE_MORECORE
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 0
+#define HAVE_MMAP 1
+/* OSX allocators provide 16 byte alignment */
+#ifndef MALLOC_ALIGNMENT
+#define MALLOC_ALIGNMENT ((size_t)16U)
+#endif
+#endif  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+#endif  /* DARWIN */
+
+#ifndef LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H
+#include <sys/types.h>  /* For size_t */
+#endif  /* LACKS_SYS_TYPES_H */
+
+/* The maximum possible size_t value has all bits set */
+#define MAX_SIZE_T           (~(size_t)0)
+
+#ifndef ONLY_MSPACES
+#define ONLY_MSPACES 0     /* define to a value */
+#else
+#define ONLY_MSPACES 1
+#endif  /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#ifndef MSPACES
+#if ONLY_MSPACES
+#define MSPACES 1
+#else   /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#define MSPACES 0
+#endif  /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#endif  /* MSPACES */
+#ifndef MALLOC_ALIGNMENT
+#define MALLOC_ALIGNMENT ((size_t)8U)
+#endif  /* MALLOC_ALIGNMENT */
+#ifndef FOOTERS
+#define FOOTERS 0
+#endif  /* FOOTERS */
+#ifndef ABORT
+#define ABORT  abort()
+#endif  /* ABORT */
+#ifndef ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE
+#define ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE 1
+#endif  /* ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE */
+#ifndef PROCEED_ON_ERROR
+#define PROCEED_ON_ERROR 0
+#endif  /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+#ifndef USE_LOCKS
+#define USE_LOCKS 0
+#endif  /* USE_LOCKS */
+#ifndef USE_SPIN_LOCKS
+#if USE_LOCKS && (defined(__GNUC__) && ((defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)))) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1310)
+#define USE_SPIN_LOCKS 1
+#else
+#define USE_SPIN_LOCKS 0
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS && ... */
+#endif /* USE_SPIN_LOCKS */
+#ifndef INSECURE
+#define INSECURE 0
+#endif  /* INSECURE */
+#ifndef HAVE_MMAP
+#define HAVE_MMAP 1
+#endif  /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#ifndef MMAP_CLEARS
+#define MMAP_CLEARS 1
+#endif  /* MMAP_CLEARS */
+#ifndef HAVE_MREMAP
+#ifdef linux
+#define HAVE_MREMAP 1
+#else   /* linux */
+#define HAVE_MREMAP 0
+#endif  /* linux */
+#endif  /* HAVE_MREMAP */
+#ifndef MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION
+#define MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION  errno = ENOMEM;
+#endif  /* MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION */
+#ifndef HAVE_MORECORE
+#if ONLY_MSPACES
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 0
+#else   /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#define HAVE_MORECORE 1
+#endif  /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#endif  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+#if !HAVE_MORECORE
+#define MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS 0
+#else   /* !HAVE_MORECORE */
+#define MORECORE_DEFAULT sbrk
+#ifndef MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS
+#define MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS 1
+#endif  /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+#endif  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_GRANULARITY
+#if (MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS || defined(WIN32))
+#define DEFAULT_GRANULARITY (0)  /* 0 means to compute in init_mparams */
+#else   /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+#define DEFAULT_GRANULARITY ((size_t)64U * (size_t)1024U)
+#endif  /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+#endif  /* DEFAULT_GRANULARITY */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD
+#ifndef MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM
+#define DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD ((size_t)2U * (size_t)1024U * (size_t)1024U)
+#else   /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+#define DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD MAX_SIZE_T
+#endif  /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+#endif  /* DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+#define DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD ((size_t)256U * (size_t)1024U)
+#else   /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#define DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD MAX_SIZE_T
+#endif  /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#endif  /* DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD */
+#ifndef MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+#define MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE 4095
+#else
+#define MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE MAX_SIZE_T
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#endif /* MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE */
+#ifndef USE_BUILTIN_FFS
+#define USE_BUILTIN_FFS 0
+#endif  /* USE_BUILTIN_FFS */
+#ifndef USE_DEV_RANDOM
+#define USE_DEV_RANDOM 0
+#endif  /* USE_DEV_RANDOM */
+#ifndef NO_MALLINFO
+#define NO_MALLINFO 0
+#endif  /* NO_MALLINFO */
+#ifndef MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE
+#define MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE size_t
+#endif  /* MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE */
+#ifndef NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL
+#define NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL 0
+#endif /* NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL */
+
+/*
+  mallopt tuning options.  SVID/XPG defines four standard parameter
+  numbers for mallopt, normally defined in malloc.h.  None of these
+  are used in this malloc, so setting them has no effect. But this
+  malloc does support the following options.
+*/
+
+#define M_TRIM_THRESHOLD     (-1)
+#define M_GRANULARITY        (-2)
+#define M_MMAP_THRESHOLD     (-3)
+
+/* ------------------------ Mallinfo declarations ------------------------ */
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+/*
+  This version of malloc supports the standard SVID/XPG mallinfo
+  routine that returns a struct containing usage properties and
+  statistics. It should work on any system that has a
+  /usr/include/malloc.h defining struct mallinfo.  The main
+  declaration needed is the mallinfo struct that is returned (by-copy)
+  by mallinfo().  The malloinfo struct contains a bunch of fields that
+  are not even meaningful in this version of malloc.  These fields are
+  are instead filled by mallinfo() with other numbers that might be of
+  interest.
+
+  HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H should be set if you have a
+  /usr/include/malloc.h file that includes a declaration of struct
+  mallinfo.  If so, it is included; else a compliant version is
+  declared below.  These must be precisely the same for mallinfo() to
+  work.  The original SVID version of this struct, defined on most
+  systems with mallinfo, declares all fields as ints. But some others
+  define as unsigned long. If your system defines the fields using a
+  type of different width than listed here, you MUST #include your
+  system version and #define HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H.
+*/
+
+/* #define HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H
+#include "/usr/include/malloc.h"
+#else /* HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H */
+#ifndef STRUCT_MALLINFO_DECLARED
+#define STRUCT_MALLINFO_DECLARED 1
+struct mallinfo {
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE arena;    /* non-mmapped space allocated from system */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE ordblks;  /* number of free chunks */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE smblks;   /* always 0 */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE hblks;    /* always 0 */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE hblkhd;   /* space in mmapped regions */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE usmblks;  /* maximum total allocated space */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE fsmblks;  /* always 0 */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE uordblks; /* total allocated space */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE fordblks; /* total free space */
+  MALLINFO_FIELD_TYPE keepcost; /* releasable (via malloc_trim) space */
+};
+#endif /* STRUCT_MALLINFO_DECLARED */
+#endif /* HAVE_USR_INCLUDE_MALLOC_H */
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+/*
+  Try to persuade compilers to inline. The most critical functions for
+  inlining are defined as macros, so these aren't used for them.
+*/
+
+#ifndef FORCEINLINE
+  #if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define FORCEINLINE __inline __attribute__ ((always_inline))
+  #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+    #define FORCEINLINE __forceinline
+  #endif
+#endif
+#ifndef NOINLINE
+  #if defined(__GNUC__)
+    #define NOINLINE __attribute__ ((noinline))
+  #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+    #define NOINLINE __declspec(noinline)
+  #else
+    #define NOINLINE
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#ifndef FORCEINLINE
+ #define FORCEINLINE inline
+#endif
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#ifndef FORCEINLINE
+ #define FORCEINLINE
+#endif
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+
+/* ------------------- Declarations of public routines ------------------- */
+
+#ifndef USE_DL_PREFIX
+#define dlcalloc               calloc
+#define dlfree                 free
+#define dlmalloc               malloc
+#define dlmemalign             memalign
+#define dlrealloc              realloc
+#define dlvalloc               valloc
+#define dlpvalloc              pvalloc
+#define dlmallinfo             mallinfo
+#define dlmallopt              mallopt
+#define dlmalloc_trim          malloc_trim
+#define dlmalloc_stats         malloc_stats
+#define dlmalloc_usable_size   malloc_usable_size
+#define dlmalloc_footprint     malloc_footprint
+#define dlmalloc_max_footprint malloc_max_footprint
+#define dlindependent_calloc   independent_calloc
+#define dlindependent_comalloc independent_comalloc
+#endif /* USE_DL_PREFIX */
+
+
+/*
+  malloc(size_t n)
+  Returns a pointer to a newly allocated chunk of at least n bytes, or
+  null if no space is available, in which case errno is set to ENOMEM
+  on ANSI C systems.
+
+  If n is zero, malloc returns a minimum-sized chunk. (The minimum
+  size is 16 bytes on most 32bit systems, and 32 bytes on 64bit
+  systems.)  Note that size_t is an unsigned type, so calls with
+  arguments that would be negative if signed are interpreted as
+  requests for huge amounts of space, which will often fail. The
+  maximum supported value of n differs across systems, but is in all
+  cases less than the maximum representable value of a size_t.
+*/
+void* dlmalloc(size_t);
+
+/*
+  free(void* p)
+  Releases the chunk of memory pointed to by p, that had been previously
+  allocated using malloc or a related routine such as realloc.
+  It has no effect if p is null. If p was not malloced or already
+  freed, free(p) will by default cause the current program to abort.
+*/
+void  dlfree(void*);
+
+/*
+  calloc(size_t n_elements, size_t element_size);
+  Returns a pointer to n_elements * element_size bytes, with all locations
+  set to zero.
+*/
+void* dlcalloc(size_t, size_t);
+
+/*
+  realloc(void* p, size_t n)
+  Returns a pointer to a chunk of size n that contains the same data
+  as does chunk p up to the minimum of (n, p's size) bytes, or null
+  if no space is available.
+
+  The returned pointer may or may not be the same as p. The algorithm
+  prefers extending p in most cases when possible, otherwise it
+  employs the equivalent of a malloc-copy-free sequence.
+
+  If p is null, realloc is equivalent to malloc.
+
+  If space is not available, realloc returns null, errno is set (if on
+  ANSI) and p is NOT freed.
+
+  if n is for fewer bytes than already held by p, the newly unused
+  space is lopped off and freed if possible.  realloc with a size
+  argument of zero (re)allocates a minimum-sized chunk.
+
+  The old unix realloc convention of allowing the last-free'd chunk
+  to be used as an argument to realloc is not supported.
+*/
+
+void* dlrealloc(void*, size_t);
+
+/*
+  memalign(size_t alignment, size_t n);
+  Returns a pointer to a newly allocated chunk of n bytes, aligned
+  in accord with the alignment argument.
+
+  The alignment argument should be a power of two. If the argument is
+  not a power of two, the nearest greater power is used.
+  8-byte alignment is guaranteed by normal malloc calls, so don't
+  bother calling memalign with an argument of 8 or less.
+
+  Overreliance on memalign is a sure way to fragment space.
+*/
+void* dlmemalign(size_t, size_t);
+
+/*
+  valloc(size_t n);
+  Equivalent to memalign(pagesize, n), where pagesize is the page
+  size of the system. If the pagesize is unknown, 4096 is used.
+*/
+void* dlvalloc(size_t);
+
+/*
+  mallopt(int parameter_number, int parameter_value)
+  Sets tunable parameters The format is to provide a
+  (parameter-number, parameter-value) pair.  mallopt then sets the
+  corresponding parameter to the argument value if it can (i.e., so
+  long as the value is meaningful), and returns 1 if successful else
+  0.  To workaround the fact that mallopt is specified to use int,
+  not size_t parameters, the value -1 is specially treated as the
+  maximum unsigned size_t value.
+
+  SVID/XPG/ANSI defines four standard param numbers for mallopt,
+  normally defined in malloc.h.  None of these are use in this malloc,
+  so setting them has no effect. But this malloc also supports other
+  options in mallopt. See below for details.  Briefly, supported
+  parameters are as follows (listed defaults are for "typical"
+  configurations).
+
+  Symbol            param #  default    allowed param values
+  M_TRIM_THRESHOLD     -1   2*1024*1024   any   (-1 disables)
+  M_GRANULARITY        -2     page size   any power of 2 >= page size
+  M_MMAP_THRESHOLD     -3      256*1024   any   (or 0 if no MMAP support)
+*/
+int dlmallopt(int, int);
+
+/*
+  malloc_footprint();
+  Returns the number of bytes obtained from the system.  The total
+  number of bytes allocated by malloc, realloc etc., is less than this
+  value. Unlike mallinfo, this function returns only a precomputed
+  result, so can be called frequently to monitor memory consumption.
+  Even if locks are otherwise defined, this function does not use them,
+  so results might not be up to date.
+*/
+size_t dlmalloc_footprint(void);
+
+/*
+  malloc_max_footprint();
+  Returns the maximum number of bytes obtained from the system. This
+  value will be greater than current footprint if deallocated space
+  has been reclaimed by the system. The peak number of bytes allocated
+  by malloc, realloc etc., is less than this value. Unlike mallinfo,
+  this function returns only a precomputed result, so can be called
+  frequently to monitor memory consumption.  Even if locks are
+  otherwise defined, this function does not use them, so results might
+  not be up to date.
+*/
+size_t dlmalloc_max_footprint(void);
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+/*
+  mallinfo()
+  Returns (by copy) a struct containing various summary statistics:
+
+  arena:     current total non-mmapped bytes allocated from system
+  ordblks:   the number of free chunks
+  smblks:    always zero.
+  hblks:     current number of mmapped regions
+  hblkhd:    total bytes held in mmapped regions
+  usmblks:   the maximum total allocated space. This will be greater
+		than current total if trimming has occurred.
+  fsmblks:   always zero
+  uordblks:  current total allocated space (normal or mmapped)
+  fordblks:  total free space
+  keepcost:  the maximum number of bytes that could ideally be released
+	       back to system via malloc_trim. ("ideally" means that
+	       it ignores page restrictions etc.)
+
+  Because these fields are ints, but internal bookkeeping may
+  be kept as longs, the reported values may wrap around zero and
+  thus be inaccurate.
+*/
+struct mallinfo dlmallinfo(void);
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+/*
+  independent_calloc(size_t n_elements, size_t element_size, void* chunks[]);
+
+  independent_calloc is similar to calloc, but instead of returning a
+  single cleared space, it returns an array of pointers to n_elements
+  independent elements that can hold contents of size elem_size, each
+  of which starts out cleared, and can be independently freed,
+  realloc'ed etc. The elements are guaranteed to be adjacently
+  allocated (this is not guaranteed to occur with multiple callocs or
+  mallocs), which may also improve cache locality in some
+  applications.
+
+  The "chunks" argument is optional (i.e., may be null, which is
+  probably the most typical usage). If it is null, the returned array
+  is itself dynamically allocated and should also be freed when it is
+  no longer needed. Otherwise, the chunks array must be of at least
+  n_elements in length. It is filled in with the pointers to the
+  chunks.
+
+  In either case, independent_calloc returns this pointer array, or
+  null if the allocation failed.  If n_elements is zero and "chunks"
+  is null, it returns a chunk representing an array with zero elements
+  (which should be freed if not wanted).
+
+  Each element must be individually freed when it is no longer
+  needed. If you'd like to instead be able to free all at once, you
+  should instead use regular calloc and assign pointers into this
+  space to represent elements.  (In this case though, you cannot
+  independently free elements.)
+
+  independent_calloc simplifies and speeds up implementations of many
+  kinds of pools.  It may also be useful when constructing large data
+  structures that initially have a fixed number of fixed-sized nodes,
+  but the number is not known at compile time, and some of the nodes
+  may later need to be freed. For example:
+
+  struct Node { int item; struct Node* next; };
+
+  struct Node* build_list() {
+    struct Node** pool;
+    int n = read_number_of_nodes_needed();
+    if (n <= 0) return 0;
+    pool = (struct Node**)(independent_calloc(n, sizeof(struct Node), 0);
+    if (pool == 0) die();
+    // organize into a linked list...
+    struct Node* first = pool[0];
+    for (i = 0; i < n-1; ++i)
+      pool[i]->next = pool[i+1];
+    free(pool);     // Can now free the array (or not, if it is needed later)
+    return first;
+  }
+*/
+void** dlindependent_calloc(size_t, size_t, void**);
+
+/*
+  independent_comalloc(size_t n_elements, size_t sizes[], void* chunks[]);
+
+  independent_comalloc allocates, all at once, a set of n_elements
+  chunks with sizes indicated in the "sizes" array.    It returns
+  an array of pointers to these elements, each of which can be
+  independently freed, realloc'ed etc. The elements are guaranteed to
+  be adjacently allocated (this is not guaranteed to occur with
+  multiple callocs or mallocs), which may also improve cache locality
+  in some applications.
+
+  The "chunks" argument is optional (i.e., may be null). If it is null
+  the returned array is itself dynamically allocated and should also
+  be freed when it is no longer needed. Otherwise, the chunks array
+  must be of at least n_elements in length. It is filled in with the
+  pointers to the chunks.
+
+  In either case, independent_comalloc returns this pointer array, or
+  null if the allocation failed.  If n_elements is zero and chunks is
+  null, it returns a chunk representing an array with zero elements
+  (which should be freed if not wanted).
+
+  Each element must be individually freed when it is no longer
+  needed. If you'd like to instead be able to free all at once, you
+  should instead use a single regular malloc, and assign pointers at
+  particular offsets in the aggregate space. (In this case though, you
+  cannot independently free elements.)
+
+  independent_comallac differs from independent_calloc in that each
+  element may have a different size, and also that it does not
+  automatically clear elements.
+
+  independent_comalloc can be used to speed up allocation in cases
+  where several structs or objects must always be allocated at the
+  same time.  For example:
+
+  struct Head { ... }
+  struct Foot { ... }
+
+  void send_message(char* msg) {
+    int msglen = strlen(msg);
+    size_t sizes[3] = { sizeof(struct Head), msglen, sizeof(struct Foot) };
+    void* chunks[3];
+    if (independent_comalloc(3, sizes, chunks) == 0)
+      die();
+    struct Head* head = (struct Head*)(chunks[0]);
+    char*        body = (char*)(chunks[1]);
+    struct Foot* foot = (struct Foot*)(chunks[2]);
+    // ...
+  }
+
+  In general though, independent_comalloc is worth using only for
+  larger values of n_elements. For small values, you probably won't
+  detect enough difference from series of malloc calls to bother.
+
+  Overuse of independent_comalloc can increase overall memory usage,
+  since it cannot reuse existing noncontiguous small chunks that
+  might be available for some of the elements.
+*/
+void** dlindependent_comalloc(size_t, size_t*, void**);
+
+
+/*
+  pvalloc(size_t n);
+  Equivalent to valloc(minimum-page-that-holds(n)), that is,
+  round up n to nearest pagesize.
+ */
+void*  dlpvalloc(size_t);
+
+/*
+  malloc_trim(size_t pad);
+
+  If possible, gives memory back to the system (via negative arguments
+  to sbrk) if there is unused memory at the `high' end of the malloc
+  pool or in unused MMAP segments. You can call this after freeing
+  large blocks of memory to potentially reduce the system-level memory
+  requirements of a program. However, it cannot guarantee to reduce
+  memory. Under some allocation patterns, some large free blocks of
+  memory will be locked between two used chunks, so they cannot be
+  given back to the system.
+
+  The `pad' argument to malloc_trim represents the amount of free
+  trailing space to leave untrimmed. If this argument is zero, only
+  the minimum amount of memory to maintain internal data structures
+  will be left. Non-zero arguments can be supplied to maintain enough
+  trailing space to service future expected allocations without having
+  to re-obtain memory from the system.
+
+  Malloc_trim returns 1 if it actually released any memory, else 0.
+*/
+int  dlmalloc_trim(size_t);
+
+/*
+  malloc_stats();
+  Prints on stderr the amount of space obtained from the system (both
+  via sbrk and mmap), the maximum amount (which may be more than
+  current if malloc_trim and/or munmap got called), and the current
+  number of bytes allocated via malloc (or realloc, etc) but not yet
+  freed. Note that this is the number of bytes allocated, not the
+  number requested. It will be larger than the number requested
+  because of alignment and bookkeeping overhead. Because it includes
+  alignment wastage as being in use, this figure may be greater than
+  zero even when no user-level chunks are allocated.
+
+  The reported current and maximum system memory can be inaccurate if
+  a program makes other calls to system memory allocation functions
+  (normally sbrk) outside of malloc.
+
+  malloc_stats prints only the most commonly interesting statistics.
+  More information can be obtained by calling mallinfo.
+*/
+void  dlmalloc_stats(void);
+
+#endif /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+/*
+  malloc_usable_size(void* p);
+
+  Returns the number of bytes you can actually use in
+  an allocated chunk, which may be more than you requested (although
+  often not) due to alignment and minimum size constraints.
+  You can use this many bytes without worrying about
+  overwriting other allocated objects. This is not a particularly great
+  programming practice. malloc_usable_size can be more useful in
+  debugging and assertions, for example:
+
+  p = malloc(n);
+  assert(malloc_usable_size(p) >= 256);
+*/
+size_t dlmalloc_usable_size(void*);
+
+
+#if MSPACES
+
+/*
+  mspace is an opaque type representing an independent
+  region of space that supports mspace_malloc, etc.
+*/
+typedef void* mspace;
+
+/*
+  create_mspace creates and returns a new independent space with the
+  given initial capacity, or, if 0, the default granularity size.  It
+  returns null if there is no system memory available to create the
+  space.  If argument locked is non-zero, the space uses a separate
+  lock to control access. The capacity of the space will grow
+  dynamically as needed to service mspace_malloc requests.  You can
+  control the sizes of incremental increases of this space by
+  compiling with a different DEFAULT_GRANULARITY or dynamically
+  setting with mallopt(M_GRANULARITY, value).
+*/
+mspace create_mspace(size_t capacity, int locked);
+
+/*
+  destroy_mspace destroys the given space, and attempts to return all
+  of its memory back to the system, returning the total number of
+  bytes freed. After destruction, the results of access to all memory
+  used by the space become undefined.
+*/
+size_t destroy_mspace(mspace msp);
+
+/*
+  create_mspace_with_base uses the memory supplied as the initial base
+  of a new mspace. Part (less than 128*sizeof(size_t) bytes) of this
+  space is used for bookkeeping, so the capacity must be at least this
+  large. (Otherwise 0 is returned.) When this initial space is
+  exhausted, additional memory will be obtained from the system.
+  Destroying this space will deallocate all additionally allocated
+  space (if possible) but not the initial base.
+*/
+mspace create_mspace_with_base(void* base, size_t capacity, int locked);
+
+/*
+  mspace_mmap_large_chunks controls whether requests for large chunks
+  are allocated in their own mmapped regions, separate from others in
+  this mspace. By default this is enabled, which reduces
+  fragmentation. However, such chunks are not necessarily released to
+  the system upon destroy_mspace.  Disabling by setting to false may
+  increase fragmentation, but avoids leakage when relying on
+  destroy_mspace to release all memory allocated using this space.
+*/
+int mspace_mmap_large_chunks(mspace msp, int enable);
+
+
+/*
+  mspace_malloc behaves as malloc, but operates within
+  the given space.
+*/
+void* mspace_malloc(mspace msp, size_t bytes);
+
+/*
+  mspace_free behaves as free, but operates within
+  the given space.
+
+  If compiled with FOOTERS==1, mspace_free is not actually needed.
+  free may be called instead of mspace_free because freed chunks from
+  any space are handled by their originating spaces.
+*/
+void mspace_free(mspace msp, void* mem);
+
+/*
+  mspace_realloc behaves as realloc, but operates within
+  the given space.
+
+  If compiled with FOOTERS==1, mspace_realloc is not actually
+  needed.  realloc may be called instead of mspace_realloc because
+  realloced chunks from any space are handled by their originating
+  spaces.
+*/
+void* mspace_realloc(mspace msp, void* mem, size_t newsize);
+
+/*
+  mspace_calloc behaves as calloc, but operates within
+  the given space.
+*/
+void* mspace_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size);
+
+/*
+  mspace_memalign behaves as memalign, but operates within
+  the given space.
+*/
+void* mspace_memalign(mspace msp, size_t alignment, size_t bytes);
+
+/*
+  mspace_independent_calloc behaves as independent_calloc, but
+  operates within the given space.
+*/
+void** mspace_independent_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				 size_t elem_size, void* chunks[]);
+
+/*
+  mspace_independent_comalloc behaves as independent_comalloc, but
+  operates within the given space.
+*/
+void** mspace_independent_comalloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				   size_t sizes[], void* chunks[]);
+
+/*
+  mspace_footprint() returns the number of bytes obtained from the
+  system for this space.
+*/
+size_t mspace_footprint(mspace msp);
+
+/*
+  mspace_max_footprint() returns the peak number of bytes obtained from the
+  system for this space.
+*/
+size_t mspace_max_footprint(mspace msp);
+
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+/*
+  mspace_mallinfo behaves as mallinfo, but reports properties of
+  the given space.
+*/
+struct mallinfo mspace_mallinfo(mspace msp);
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+/*
+  malloc_usable_size(void* p) behaves the same as malloc_usable_size;
+*/
+  size_t mspace_usable_size(void* mem);
+
+/*
+  mspace_malloc_stats behaves as malloc_stats, but reports
+  properties of the given space.
+*/
+void mspace_malloc_stats(mspace msp);
+
+/*
+  mspace_trim behaves as malloc_trim, but
+  operates within the given space.
+*/
+int mspace_trim(mspace msp, size_t pad);
+
+/*
+  An alias for mallopt.
+*/
+int mspace_mallopt(int, int);
+
+#endif /* MSPACES */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+};  /* end of extern "C" */
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/*
+  ========================================================================
+  To make a fully customizable malloc.h header file, cut everything
+  above this line, put into file malloc.h, edit to suit, and #include it
+  on the next line, as well as in programs that use this malloc.
+  ========================================================================
+*/
+
+/* #include "malloc.h" */
+
+/*------------------------------ internal #includes ---------------------- */
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+#ifndef __GNUC__
+#pragma warning( disable : 4146 ) /* no "unsigned" warnings */
+#endif
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+
+#include <stdio.h>       /* for printing in malloc_stats */
+
+#ifndef LACKS_ERRNO_H
+#include <errno.h>       /* for MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION */
+#endif /* LACKS_ERRNO_H */
+#if FOOTERS
+#include <time.h>        /* for magic initialization */
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+#ifndef LACKS_STDLIB_H
+#include <stdlib.h>      /* for abort() */
+#endif /* LACKS_STDLIB_H */
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#if ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE
+#define assert(x) if(!(x)) ABORT
+#else /* ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE */
+#include <assert.h>
+#endif /* ABORT_ON_ASSERT_FAILURE */
+#else  /* DEBUG */
+#ifndef assert
+#define assert(x)
+#endif
+#define DEBUG 0
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+#ifndef LACKS_STRING_H
+#include <string.h>      /* for memset etc */
+#endif  /* LACKS_STRING_H */
+#if USE_BUILTIN_FFS
+#ifndef LACKS_STRINGS_H
+#include <strings.h>     /* for ffs */
+#endif /* LACKS_STRINGS_H */
+#endif /* USE_BUILTIN_FFS */
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+#ifndef LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H
+#include <sys/mman.h>    /* for mmap */
+#endif /* LACKS_SYS_MMAN_H */
+#ifndef LACKS_FCNTL_H
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#endif /* LACKS_FCNTL_H */
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+#ifndef LACKS_UNISTD_H
+#include <unistd.h>     /* for sbrk, sysconf */
+#else /* LACKS_UNISTD_H */
+#if !defined(__FreeBSD__) && !defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(__NetBSD__)
+extern void*     sbrk(ptrdiff_t);
+#endif /* FreeBSD etc */
+#endif /* LACKS_UNISTD_H */
+
+/* Declarations for locking */
+#if USE_LOCKS
+#ifndef WIN32
+#include <pthread.h>
+#if defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun)  /* solaris */
+#include <thread.h>
+#endif /* solaris */
+#else
+#ifndef _M_AMD64
+/* These are already defined on AMD64 builds */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+LONG __cdecl _InterlockedCompareExchange(LONG volatile *Dest, LONG Exchange, LONG Comp);
+LONG __cdecl _InterlockedExchange(LONG volatile *Target, LONG Value);
+#endif
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* _M_AMD64 */
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#pragma intrinsic (_InterlockedCompareExchange)
+#pragma intrinsic (_InterlockedExchange)
+#else
+  /* --[ start GCC compatibility ]----------------------------------------------
+   * Compatibility <intrin_x86.h> header for GCC -- GCC equivalents of intrinsic
+   * Microsoft Visual C++ functions. Originally developed for the ReactOS
+   * (<http://www.reactos.org/>) and TinyKrnl (<http://www.tinykrnl.org/>)
+   * projects.
+   *
+   * Copyright (c) 2006 KJK::Hyperion <hackbunny@reactos.com>
+   *
+   * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+   * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+   * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+   * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+   * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+   * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+   *
+   * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+   * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+   *
+   * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+   * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+   * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+   * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+   * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+   * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+   * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+   */
+
+  /*** Atomic operations ***/
+  #if (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) > 40100
+    #define _ReadWriteBarrier() __sync_synchronize()
+  #else
+    static __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline)) long __sync_lock_test_and_set(volatile long * const Target, const long Value)
+    {
+      long res;
+      __asm__ __volatile__("xchg%z0 %2, %0" : "=g" (*(Target)), "=r" (res) : "1" (Value));
+      return res;
+    }
+    static void __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline)) _MemoryBarrier(void)
+    {
+      __asm__ __volatile__("" : : : "memory");
+    }
+    #define _ReadWriteBarrier() _MemoryBarrier()
+  #endif
+  /* BUGBUG: GCC only supports full barriers */
+  static __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline)) long _InterlockedExchange(volatile long * const Target, const long Value)
+  {
+    /* NOTE: __sync_lock_test_and_set would be an acquire barrier, so we force a full barrier */
+    _ReadWriteBarrier();
+    return __sync_lock_test_and_set(Target, Value);
+  }
+  /* --[ end GCC compatibility ]---------------------------------------------- */
+#endif
+#define interlockedcompareexchange _InterlockedCompareExchange
+#define interlockedexchange _InterlockedExchange
+#endif /* Win32 */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+/* Declarations for bit scanning on win32 */
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+#ifndef BitScanForward	/* Try to avoid pulling in WinNT.h */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+unsigned char _BitScanForward(unsigned long *index, unsigned long mask);
+unsigned char _BitScanReverse(unsigned long *index, unsigned long mask);
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#define BitScanForward _BitScanForward
+#define BitScanReverse _BitScanReverse
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward)
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
+#endif /* BitScanForward */
+#endif /* defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300 */
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+#ifndef malloc_getpagesize
+#  ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE         /* some SVR4 systems omit an underscore */
+#    ifndef _SC_PAGE_SIZE
+#      define _SC_PAGE_SIZE _SC_PAGESIZE
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#  ifdef _SC_PAGE_SIZE
+#    define malloc_getpagesize sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE)
+#  else
+#    if defined(BSD) || defined(DGUX) || defined(HAVE_GETPAGESIZE)
+       extern size_t getpagesize();
+#      define malloc_getpagesize getpagesize()
+#    else
+#      ifdef WIN32 /* use supplied emulation of getpagesize */
+#        define malloc_getpagesize getpagesize()
+#      else
+#        ifndef LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H
+#          include <sys/param.h>
+#        endif
+#        ifdef EXEC_PAGESIZE
+#          define malloc_getpagesize EXEC_PAGESIZE
+#        else
+#          ifdef NBPG
+#            ifndef CLSIZE
+#              define malloc_getpagesize NBPG
+#            else
+#              define malloc_getpagesize (NBPG * CLSIZE)
+#            endif
+#          else
+#            ifdef NBPC
+#              define malloc_getpagesize NBPC
+#            else
+#              ifdef PAGESIZE
+#                define malloc_getpagesize PAGESIZE
+#              else /* just guess */
+#                define malloc_getpagesize ((size_t)4096U)
+#              endif
+#            endif
+#          endif
+#        endif
+#      endif
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* ------------------- size_t and alignment properties -------------------- */
+
+/* The byte and bit size of a size_t */
+#define SIZE_T_SIZE         (sizeof(size_t))
+#define SIZE_T_BITSIZE      (sizeof(size_t) << 3)
+
+/* Some constants coerced to size_t */
+/* Annoying but necessary to avoid errors on some platforms */
+#define SIZE_T_ZERO         ((size_t)0)
+#define SIZE_T_ONE          ((size_t)1)
+#define SIZE_T_TWO          ((size_t)2)
+#define SIZE_T_FOUR         ((size_t)4)
+#define TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES    (SIZE_T_SIZE<<1)
+#define FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES   (SIZE_T_SIZE<<2)
+#define SIX_SIZE_T_SIZES    (FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES+TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+#define HALF_MAX_SIZE_T     (MAX_SIZE_T / 2U)
+
+/* The bit mask value corresponding to MALLOC_ALIGNMENT */
+#define CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK    (MALLOC_ALIGNMENT - SIZE_T_ONE)
+
+/* True if address a has acceptable alignment */
+#define is_aligned(A)       (((size_t)((A)) & (CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)) == 0)
+
+/* the number of bytes to offset an address to align it */
+#define align_offset(A)\
+ ((((size_t)(A) & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) == 0)? 0 :\
+  ((MALLOC_ALIGNMENT - ((size_t)(A) & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)) & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK))
+
+/* -------------------------- MMAP preliminaries ------------------------- */
+
+/*
+   If HAVE_MORECORE or HAVE_MMAP are false, we just define calls and
+   checks to fail so compiler optimizer can delete code rather than
+   using so many "#if"s.
+*/
+
+
+/* MORECORE and MMAP must return MFAIL on failure */
+#define MFAIL                ((void*)(MAX_SIZE_T))
+#define CMFAIL               ((char*)(MFAIL)) /* defined for convenience */
+
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define MUNMAP_DEFAULT(a, s)  munmap((a), (s))
+#define MMAP_PROT            (PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE)
+#if !defined(MAP_ANONYMOUS) && defined(MAP_ANON)
+#define MAP_ANONYMOUS        MAP_ANON
+#endif /* MAP_ANON */
+#ifdef MAP_ANONYMOUS
+#define MMAP_FLAGS           (MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS)
+#define MMAP_DEFAULT(s)       mmap(0, (s), MMAP_PROT, MMAP_FLAGS, -1, 0)
+#else /* MAP_ANONYMOUS */
+/*
+   Nearly all versions of mmap support MAP_ANONYMOUS, so the following
+   is unlikely to be needed, but is supplied just in case.
+*/
+#define MMAP_FLAGS           (MAP_PRIVATE)
+static int dev_zero_fd = -1; /* Cached file descriptor for /dev/zero. */
+#define MMAP_DEFAULT(s) ((dev_zero_fd < 0) ? \
+	   (dev_zero_fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR), \
+	    mmap(0, (s), MMAP_PROT, MMAP_FLAGS, dev_zero_fd, 0)) : \
+	    mmap(0, (s), MMAP_PROT, MMAP_FLAGS, dev_zero_fd, 0))
+#endif /* MAP_ANONYMOUS */
+
+#define DIRECT_MMAP_DEFAULT(s) MMAP_DEFAULT(s)
+
+#else /* WIN32 */
+
+/* Win32 MMAP via VirtualAlloc */
+static FORCEINLINE void* win32mmap(size_t size) {
+  void* ptr = VirtualAlloc(0, size, MEM_RESERVE|MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
+  return (ptr != 0)? ptr: MFAIL;
+}
+
+/* For direct MMAP, use MEM_TOP_DOWN to minimize interference */
+static FORCEINLINE void* win32direct_mmap(size_t size) {
+  void* ptr = VirtualAlloc(0, size, MEM_RESERVE|MEM_COMMIT|MEM_TOP_DOWN,
+			   PAGE_READWRITE);
+  return (ptr != 0)? ptr: MFAIL;
+}
+
+/* This function supports releasing coalesed segments */
+static FORCEINLINE int win32munmap(void* ptr, size_t size) {
+  MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION minfo;
+  char* cptr = (char*)ptr;
+  while (size) {
+    if (VirtualQuery(cptr, &minfo, sizeof(minfo)) == 0)
+      return -1;
+    if (minfo.BaseAddress != cptr || minfo.AllocationBase != cptr ||
+	minfo.State != MEM_COMMIT || minfo.RegionSize > size)
+      return -1;
+    if (VirtualFree(cptr, 0, MEM_RELEASE) == 0)
+      return -1;
+    cptr += minfo.RegionSize;
+    size -= minfo.RegionSize;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#define MMAP_DEFAULT(s)             win32mmap(s)
+#define MUNMAP_DEFAULT(a, s)        win32munmap((a), (s))
+#define DIRECT_MMAP_DEFAULT(s)      win32direct_mmap(s)
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+
+#if HAVE_MREMAP
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define MREMAP_DEFAULT(addr, osz, nsz, mv) mremap((addr), (osz), (nsz), (mv))
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* HAVE_MREMAP */
+
+
+/**
+ * Define CALL_MORECORE
+ */
+#if HAVE_MORECORE
+    #ifdef MORECORE
+	#define CALL_MORECORE(S)    MORECORE(S)
+    #else  /* MORECORE */
+	#define CALL_MORECORE(S)    MORECORE_DEFAULT(S)
+    #endif /* MORECORE */
+#else  /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+    #define CALL_MORECORE(S)        MFAIL
+#endif /* HAVE_MORECORE */
+
+/**
+ * Define CALL_MMAP/CALL_MUNMAP/CALL_DIRECT_MMAP
+ */
+#if HAVE_MMAP
+    #define IS_MMAPPED_BIT          (SIZE_T_ONE)
+    #define USE_MMAP_BIT            (SIZE_T_ONE)
+
+    #ifdef MMAP
+	#define CALL_MMAP(s)        MMAP(s)
+    #else /* MMAP */
+	#define CALL_MMAP(s)        MMAP_DEFAULT(s)
+    #endif /* MMAP */
+    #ifdef MUNMAP
+	#define CALL_MUNMAP(a, s)   MUNMAP((a), (s))
+    #else /* MUNMAP */
+	#define CALL_MUNMAP(a, s)   MUNMAP_DEFAULT((a), (s))
+    #endif /* MUNMAP */
+    #ifdef DIRECT_MMAP
+	#define CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(s) DIRECT_MMAP(s)
+    #else /* DIRECT_MMAP */
+	#define CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(s) DIRECT_MMAP_DEFAULT(s)
+    #endif /* DIRECT_MMAP */
+#else  /* HAVE_MMAP */
+    #define IS_MMAPPED_BIT          (SIZE_T_ZERO)
+    #define USE_MMAP_BIT            (SIZE_T_ZERO)
+
+    #define MMAP(s)                 MFAIL
+    #define MUNMAP(a, s)            (-1)
+    #define DIRECT_MMAP(s)          MFAIL
+    #define CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(s)     DIRECT_MMAP(s)
+    #define CALL_MMAP(s)            MMAP(s)
+    #define CALL_MUNMAP(a, s)       MUNMAP((a), (s))
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP */
+
+/**
+ * Define CALL_MREMAP
+ */
+#if HAVE_MMAP && HAVE_MREMAP
+    #ifdef MREMAP
+	#define CALL_MREMAP(addr, osz, nsz, mv) MREMAP((addr), (osz), (nsz), (mv))
+    #else /* MREMAP */
+	#define CALL_MREMAP(addr, osz, nsz, mv) MREMAP_DEFAULT((addr), (osz), (nsz), (mv))
+    #endif /* MREMAP */
+#else  /* HAVE_MMAP && HAVE_MREMAP */
+    #define CALL_MREMAP(addr, osz, nsz, mv)     MFAIL
+#endif /* HAVE_MMAP && HAVE_MREMAP */
+
+/* mstate bit set if continguous morecore disabled or failed */
+#define USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT (4U)
+
+/* segment bit set in create_mspace_with_base */
+#define EXTERN_BIT            (8U)
+
+
+/* --------------------------- Lock preliminaries ------------------------ */
+
+/*
+  When locks are defined, there is one global lock, plus
+  one per-mspace lock.
+
+  The global lock_ensures that mparams.magic and other unique
+  mparams values are initialized only once. It also protects
+  sequences of calls to MORECORE.  In many cases sys_alloc requires
+  two calls, that should not be interleaved with calls by other
+  threads.  This does not protect against direct calls to MORECORE
+  by other threads not using this lock, so there is still code to
+  cope the best we can on interference.
+
+  Per-mspace locks surround calls to malloc, free, etc.  To enable use
+  in layered extensions, per-mspace locks are reentrant.
+
+  Because lock-protected regions generally have bounded times, it is
+  OK to use the supplied simple spinlocks in the custom versions for
+  x86.
+
+  If USE_LOCKS is > 1, the definitions of lock routines here are
+  bypassed, in which case you will need to define at least
+  INITIAL_LOCK, ACQUIRE_LOCK, RELEASE_LOCK and possibly TRY_LOCK
+  (which is not used in this malloc, but commonly needed in
+  extensions.)
+*/
+
+#if USE_LOCKS == 1
+
+#if USE_SPIN_LOCKS
+#ifndef WIN32
+
+/* Custom pthread-style spin locks on x86 and x64 for gcc */
+struct pthread_mlock_t {
+  volatile unsigned int l;
+  volatile unsigned int c;
+  volatile pthread_t threadid;
+};
+#define MLOCK_T struct        pthread_mlock_t
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        pthread_self()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      (memset(sl, 0, sizeof(MLOCK_T)), 0)
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_acquire_lock(sl)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_release_lock(sl)
+#define TRY_LOCK(sl)          pthread_try_lock(sl)
+#define SPINS_PER_YIELD       63
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = { 0, 0, 0};
+
+static FORCEINLINE int pthread_acquire_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  int spins = 0;
+  volatile unsigned int* lp = &sl->l;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (*lp != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 0;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      /* place args to cmpxchgl in locals to evade oddities in some gccs */
+      int cmp = 0;
+      int val = 1;
+      int ret;
+      __asm__ __volatile__  ("lock; cmpxchgl %1, %2"
+			     : "=a" (ret)
+			     : "r" (val), "m" (*(lp)), "0"(cmp)
+			     : "memory", "cc");
+      if (!ret) {
+	assert(!sl->threadid);
+	sl->c = 1;
+	sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+	return 0;
+      }
+      if ((++spins & SPINS_PER_YIELD) == 0) {
+#if defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun) /* solaris */
+	thr_yield();
+#else
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__APPLE__)
+	sched_yield();
+#else  /* no-op yield on unknown systems */
+	;
+#endif /* __linux__ || __FreeBSD__ || __APPLE__ */
+#endif /* solaris */
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE void pthread_release_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  assert(sl->l != 0);
+  assert(sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD);
+  if (--sl->c == 0) {
+    sl->threadid = 0;
+    volatile unsigned int* lp = &sl->l;
+    int prev = 0;
+    int ret;
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("lock; xchgl %0, %1"
+			  : "=r" (ret)
+			  : "m" (*(lp)), "0"(prev)
+			  : "memory");
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE int pthread_try_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  volatile unsigned int* lp = &sl->l;
+  if (*lp != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 1;
+      }
+  }
+  else {
+    int cmp = 0;
+    int val = 1;
+    int ret;
+    __asm__ __volatile__  ("lock; cmpxchgl %1, %2"
+			   : "=a" (ret)
+			   : "r" (val), "m" (*(lp)), "0"(cmp)
+			   : "memory", "cc");
+    if (!ret) {
+      assert(!sl->threadid);
+      sl->c = 1;
+      sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+#else /* WIN32 */
+/* Custom win32-style spin locks on x86 and x64 for MSC */
+struct win32_mlock_t
+{
+  volatile long l;
+  volatile unsigned int c;
+  volatile long threadid;
+};
+
+#define MLOCK_T               struct win32_mlock_t
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        win32_getcurrentthreadid()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      (memset(sl, 0, sizeof(MLOCK_T)), 0)
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)      win32_acquire_lock(sl)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)      win32_release_lock(sl)
+#define TRY_LOCK(sl)          win32_try_lock(sl)
+#define SPINS_PER_YIELD       63
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = { 0, 0, 0};
+
+static FORCEINLINE long win32_getcurrentthreadid() {
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#if defined(_M_IX86)
+  long *threadstruct=(long *)__readfsdword(0x18);
+  long threadid=threadstruct[0x24/sizeof(long)];
+  return threadid;
+#elif defined(_M_X64)
+  /* todo */
+  return GetCurrentThreadId();
+#else
+  return GetCurrentThreadId();
+#endif
+#else
+  return GetCurrentThreadId();
+#endif
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE int win32_acquire_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  int spins = 0;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (sl->l != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 0;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      if (!interlockedexchange(&sl->l, 1)) {
+	assert(!sl->threadid);
+		sl->c=CURRENT_THREAD;
+	sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+	sl->c = 1;
+	return 0;
+      }
+    }
+    if ((++spins & SPINS_PER_YIELD) == 0)
+      SleepEx(0, FALSE);
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE void win32_release_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  assert(sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD);
+  assert(sl->l != 0);
+  if (--sl->c == 0) {
+    sl->threadid = 0;
+    interlockedexchange (&sl->l, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+static FORCEINLINE int win32_try_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  if(sl->l != 0) {
+      if (sl->threadid == CURRENT_THREAD) {
+	++sl->c;
+	return 1;
+      }
+  }
+  else {
+    if (!interlockedexchange(&sl->l, 1)){
+      assert(!sl->threadid);
+      sl->threadid = CURRENT_THREAD;
+      sl->c = 1;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#else /* USE_SPIN_LOCKS */
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+/* pthreads-based locks */
+
+#define MLOCK_T               pthread_mutex_t
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        pthread_self()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)      pthread_init_lock(sl)
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_mutex_lock(sl)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)      pthread_mutex_unlock(sl)
+#define TRY_LOCK(sl)          (!pthread_mutex_trylock(sl))
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+
+/* Cope with old-style linux recursive lock initialization by adding */
+/* skipped internal declaration from pthread.h */
+#ifdef linux
+#ifndef PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
+extern int pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np __P ((pthread_mutexattr_t *__attr,
+					   int __kind));
+#define PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP
+#define pthread_mutexattr_settype(x,y) pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np(x,y)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+static int pthread_init_lock (MLOCK_T *sl) {
+  pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
+  if (pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr)) return 1;
+  if (pthread_mutexattr_settype(&attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)) return 1;
+  if (pthread_mutex_init(sl, &attr)) return 1;
+  if (pthread_mutexattr_destroy(&attr)) return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#else /* WIN32 */
+/* Win32 critical sections */
+#define MLOCK_T               CRITICAL_SECTION
+#define CURRENT_THREAD        GetCurrentThreadId()
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(s)       (!InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount((s), 0x80000000|4000))
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK(s)       (EnterCriticalSection(s), 0)
+#define RELEASE_LOCK(s)       LeaveCriticalSection(s)
+#define TRY_LOCK(s)           TryEnterCriticalSection(s)
+#define NEED_GLOBAL_LOCK_INIT
+
+static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex;
+static volatile long malloc_global_mutex_status;
+
+/* Use spin loop to initialize global lock */
+static void init_malloc_global_mutex() {
+  for (;;) {
+    long stat = malloc_global_mutex_status;
+    if (stat > 0)
+      return;
+    /* transition to < 0 while initializing, then to > 0) */
+    if (stat == 0 &&
+	interlockedcompareexchange(&malloc_global_mutex_status, -1, 0) == 0) {
+      InitializeCriticalSection(&malloc_global_mutex);
+      interlockedexchange(&malloc_global_mutex_status,1);
+      return;
+    }
+    SleepEx(0, FALSE);
+  }
+}
+
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* USE_SPIN_LOCKS */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS == 1 */
+
+/* -----------------------  User-defined locks ------------------------ */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS > 1
+/* Define your own lock implementation here */
+/* #define INITIAL_LOCK(sl)  ... */
+/* #define ACQUIRE_LOCK(sl)  ... */
+/* #define RELEASE_LOCK(sl)  ... */
+/* #define TRY_LOCK(sl) ... */
+/* static MLOCK_T malloc_global_mutex = ... */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS > 1 */
+
+/* -----------------------  Lock-based state ------------------------ */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+#define USE_LOCK_BIT               (2U)
+#else  /* USE_LOCKS */
+#define USE_LOCK_BIT               (0U)
+#define INITIAL_LOCK(l)
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+#define ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()  ACQUIRE_LOCK(&malloc_global_mutex);
+#define RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()  RELEASE_LOCK(&malloc_global_mutex);
+#else  /* USE_LOCKS */
+#define ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()
+#define RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK()
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+
+/* -----------------------  Chunk representations ------------------------ */
+
+/*
+  (The following includes lightly edited explanations by Colin Plumb.)
+
+  The malloc_chunk declaration below is misleading (but accurate and
+  necessary).  It declares a "view" into memory allowing access to
+  necessary fields at known offsets from a given base.
+
+  Chunks of memory are maintained using a `boundary tag' method as
+  originally described by Knuth.  (See the paper by Paul Wilson
+  ftp://ftp.cs.utexas.edu/pub/garbage/allocsrv.ps for a survey of such
+  techniques.)  Sizes of free chunks are stored both in the front of
+  each chunk and at the end.  This makes consolidating fragmented
+  chunks into bigger chunks fast.  The head fields also hold bits
+  representing whether chunks are free or in use.
+
+  Here are some pictures to make it clearer.  They are "exploded" to
+  show that the state of a chunk can be thought of as extending from
+  the high 31 bits of the head field of its header through the
+  prev_foot and PINUSE_BIT bit of the following chunk header.
+
+  A chunk that's in use looks like:
+
+   chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	   | Size of previous chunk (if P = 0)                             |
+	   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |P|
+	 | Size of this chunk                                         1| +-+
+   mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 |                                                               |
+	 +-                                                             -+
+	 |                                                               |
+	 +-                                                             -+
+	 |                                                               :
+	 +-      size - sizeof(size_t) available payload bytes          -+
+	 :                                                               |
+ chunk-> +-                                                             -+
+	 |                                                               |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |1|
+       | Size of next chunk (may or may not be in use)               | +-+
+ mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+
+    And if it's free, it looks like this:
+
+   chunk-> +-                                                             -+
+	   | User payload (must be in use, or we would have merged!)       |
+	   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |P|
+	 | Size of this chunk                                         0| +-+
+   mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 | Next pointer                                                  |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 | Prev pointer                                                  |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 |                                                               :
+	 +-      size - sizeof(struct chunk) unused bytes               -+
+	 :                                                               |
+ chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	 | Size of this chunk                                            |
+	 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0|
+       | Size of next chunk (must be in use, or we would have merged)| +-+
+ mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+       |                                                               :
+       +- User payload                                                -+
+       :                                                               |
+       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+								     |0|
+								     +-+
+  Note that since we always merge adjacent free chunks, the chunks
+  adjacent to a free chunk must be in use.
+
+  Given a pointer to a chunk (which can be derived trivially from the
+  payload pointer) we can, in O(1) time, find out whether the adjacent
+  chunks are free, and if so, unlink them from the lists that they
+  are on and merge them with the current chunk.
+
+  Chunks always begin on even word boundaries, so the mem portion
+  (which is returned to the user) is also on an even word boundary, and
+  thus at least double-word aligned.
+
+  The P (PINUSE_BIT) bit, stored in the unused low-order bit of the
+  chunk size (which is always a multiple of two words), is an in-use
+  bit for the *previous* chunk.  If that bit is *clear*, then the
+  word before the current chunk size contains the previous chunk
+  size, and can be used to find the front of the previous chunk.
+  The very first chunk allocated always has this bit set, preventing
+  access to non-existent (or non-owned) memory. If pinuse is set for
+  any given chunk, then you CANNOT determine the size of the
+  previous chunk, and might even get a memory addressing fault when
+  trying to do so.
+
+  The C (CINUSE_BIT) bit, stored in the unused second-lowest bit of
+  the chunk size redundantly records whether the current chunk is
+  inuse. This redundancy enables usage checks within free and realloc,
+  and reduces indirection when freeing and consolidating chunks.
+
+  Each freshly allocated chunk must have both cinuse and pinuse set.
+  That is, each allocated chunk borders either a previously allocated
+  and still in-use chunk, or the base of its memory arena. This is
+  ensured by making all allocations from the the `lowest' part of any
+  found chunk.  Further, no free chunk physically borders another one,
+  so each free chunk is known to be preceded and followed by either
+  inuse chunks or the ends of memory.
+
+  Note that the `foot' of the current chunk is actually represented
+  as the prev_foot of the NEXT chunk. This makes it easier to
+  deal with alignments etc but can be very confusing when trying
+  to extend or adapt this code.
+
+  The exceptions to all this are
+
+     1. The special chunk `top' is the top-most available chunk (i.e.,
+	the one bordering the end of available memory). It is treated
+	specially.  Top is never included in any bin, is used only if
+	no other chunk is available, and is released back to the
+	system if it is very large (see M_TRIM_THRESHOLD).  In effect,
+	the top chunk is treated as larger (and thus less well
+	fitting) than any other available chunk.  The top chunk
+	doesn't update its trailing size field since there is no next
+	contiguous chunk that would have to index off it. However,
+	space is still allocated for it (TOP_FOOT_SIZE) to enable
+	separation or merging when space is extended.
+
+     3. Chunks allocated via mmap, which have the lowest-order bit
+	(IS_MMAPPED_BIT) set in their prev_foot fields, and do not set
+	PINUSE_BIT in their head fields.  Because they are allocated
+	one-by-one, each must carry its own prev_foot field, which is
+	also used to hold the offset this chunk has within its mmapped
+	region, which is needed to preserve alignment. Each mmapped
+	chunk is trailed by the first two fields of a fake next-chunk
+	for sake of usage checks.
+
+*/
+
+struct malloc_chunk {
+  size_t               prev_foot;  /* Size of previous chunk (if free).  */
+  size_t               head;       /* Size and inuse bits. */
+  struct malloc_chunk* fd;         /* double links -- used only if free. */
+  struct malloc_chunk* bk;
+};
+
+typedef struct malloc_chunk  mchunk;
+typedef struct malloc_chunk* mchunkptr;
+typedef struct malloc_chunk* sbinptr;  /* The type of bins of chunks */
+typedef unsigned int bindex_t;         /* Described below */
+typedef unsigned int binmap_t;         /* Described below */
+typedef unsigned int flag_t;           /* The type of various bit flag sets */
+
+/* ------------------- Chunks sizes and alignments ----------------------- */
+
+#define MCHUNK_SIZE         (sizeof(mchunk))
+
+#if FOOTERS
+#define CHUNK_OVERHEAD      (TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+#define CHUNK_OVERHEAD      (SIZE_T_SIZE)
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+
+/* MMapped chunks need a second word of overhead ... */
+#define MMAP_CHUNK_OVERHEAD (TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+/* ... and additional padding for fake next-chunk at foot */
+#define MMAP_FOOT_PAD       (FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES)
+
+/* The smallest size we can malloc is an aligned minimal chunk */
+#define MIN_CHUNK_SIZE\
+  ((MCHUNK_SIZE + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) & ~CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)
+
+/* conversion from malloc headers to user pointers, and back */
+#define chunk2mem(p)        ((void*)((char*)(p)       + TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES))
+#define mem2chunk(mem)      ((mchunkptr)((char*)(mem) - TWO_SIZE_T_SIZES))
+/* chunk associated with aligned address A */
+#define align_as_chunk(A)   (mchunkptr)((A) + align_offset(chunk2mem(A)))
+
+/* Bounds on request (not chunk) sizes. */
+#define MAX_REQUEST         ((-MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) << 2)
+#define MIN_REQUEST         (MIN_CHUNK_SIZE - CHUNK_OVERHEAD - SIZE_T_ONE)
+
+/* pad request bytes into a usable size */
+#define pad_request(req) \
+   (((req) + CHUNK_OVERHEAD + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) & ~CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK)
+
+/* pad request, checking for minimum (but not maximum) */
+#define request2size(req) \
+  (((req) < MIN_REQUEST)? MIN_CHUNK_SIZE : pad_request(req))
+
+
+/* ------------------ Operations on head and foot fields ----------------- */
+
+/*
+  The head field of a chunk is or'ed with PINUSE_BIT when previous
+  adjacent chunk in use, and or'ed with CINUSE_BIT if this chunk is in
+  use. If the chunk was obtained with mmap, the prev_foot field has
+  IS_MMAPPED_BIT set, otherwise holding the offset of the base of the
+  mmapped region to the base of the chunk.
+
+  FLAG4_BIT is not used by this malloc, but might be useful in extensions.
+*/
+
+#define PINUSE_BIT          (SIZE_T_ONE)
+#define CINUSE_BIT          (SIZE_T_TWO)
+#define FLAG4_BIT           (SIZE_T_FOUR)
+#define INUSE_BITS          (PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT)
+#define FLAG_BITS           (PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT|FLAG4_BIT)
+
+/* Head value for fenceposts */
+#define FENCEPOST_HEAD      (INUSE_BITS|SIZE_T_SIZE)
+
+/* extraction of fields from head words */
+#define cinuse(p)           ((p)->head & CINUSE_BIT)
+#define pinuse(p)           ((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT)
+#define chunksize(p)        ((p)->head & ~(FLAG_BITS))
+
+#define clear_pinuse(p)     ((p)->head &= ~PINUSE_BIT)
+#define clear_cinuse(p)     ((p)->head &= ~CINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Treat space at ptr +/- offset as a chunk */
+#define chunk_plus_offset(p, s)  ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))
+#define chunk_minus_offset(p, s) ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) - (s)))
+
+/* Ptr to next or previous physical malloc_chunk. */
+#define next_chunk(p) ((mchunkptr)( ((char*)(p)) + ((p)->head & ~FLAG_BITS)))
+#define prev_chunk(p) ((mchunkptr)( ((char*)(p)) - ((p)->prev_foot) ))
+
+/* extract next chunk's pinuse bit */
+#define next_pinuse(p)  ((next_chunk(p)->head) & PINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Get/set size at footer */
+#define get_foot(p, s)  (((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) + (s)))->prev_foot)
+#define set_foot(p, s)  (((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) + (s)))->prev_foot = (s))
+
+/* Set size, pinuse bit, and foot */
+#define set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT), set_foot(p, s))
+
+/* Set size, pinuse bit, foot, and clear next pinuse */
+#define set_free_with_pinuse(p, s, n)\
+  (clear_pinuse(n), set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, s))
+
+#define is_mmapped(p)\
+  (!((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT) && ((p)->prev_foot & IS_MMAPPED_BIT))
+
+/* Get the internal overhead associated with chunk p */
+#define overhead_for(p)\
+ (is_mmapped(p)? MMAP_CHUNK_OVERHEAD : CHUNK_OVERHEAD)
+
+/* Return true if malloced space is not necessarily cleared */
+#if MMAP_CLEARS
+#define calloc_must_clear(p) (!is_mmapped(p))
+#else /* MMAP_CLEARS */
+#define calloc_must_clear(p) (1)
+#endif /* MMAP_CLEARS */
+
+/* ---------------------- Overlaid data structures ----------------------- */
+
+/*
+  When chunks are not in use, they are treated as nodes of either
+  lists or trees.
+
+  "Small"  chunks are stored in circular doubly-linked lists, and look
+  like this:
+
+    chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Size of previous chunk                            |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `head:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                         |P|
+      mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Forward pointer to next chunk in list             |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Back pointer to previous chunk in list            |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Unused space (may be 0 bytes long)                .
+	    .                                                               .
+	    .                                                               |
+nextchunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `foot:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                           |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+
+  Larger chunks are kept in a form of bitwise digital trees (aka
+  tries) keyed on chunksizes.  Because malloc_tree_chunks are only for
+  free chunks greater than 256 bytes, their size doesn't impose any
+  constraints on user chunk sizes.  Each node looks like:
+
+    chunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Size of previous chunk                            |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `head:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                         |P|
+      mem-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Forward pointer to next chunk of same size        |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Back pointer to previous chunk of same size       |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Pointer to left child (child[0])                  |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Pointer to right child (child[1])                 |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Pointer to parent                                 |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             bin index of this chunk                           |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+	    |             Unused space                                      .
+	    .                                                               |
+nextchunk-> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+    `foot:' |             Size of chunk, in bytes                           |
+	    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+
+  Each tree holding treenodes is a tree of unique chunk sizes.  Chunks
+  of the same size are arranged in a circularly-linked list, with only
+  the oldest chunk (the next to be used, in our FIFO ordering)
+  actually in the tree.  (Tree members are distinguished by a non-null
+  parent pointer.)  If a chunk with the same size an an existing node
+  is inserted, it is linked off the existing node using pointers that
+  work in the same way as fd/bk pointers of small chunks.
+
+  Each tree contains a power of 2 sized range of chunk sizes (the
+  smallest is 0x100 <= x < 0x180), which is is divided in half at each
+  tree level, with the chunks in the smaller half of the range (0x100
+  <= x < 0x140 for the top nose) in the left subtree and the larger
+  half (0x140 <= x < 0x180) in the right subtree.  This is, of course,
+  done by inspecting individual bits.
+
+  Using these rules, each node's left subtree contains all smaller
+  sizes than its right subtree.  However, the node at the root of each
+  subtree has no particular ordering relationship to either.  (The
+  dividing line between the subtree sizes is based on trie relation.)
+  If we remove the last chunk of a given size from the interior of the
+  tree, we need to replace it with a leaf node.  The tree ordering
+  rules permit a node to be replaced by any leaf below it.
+
+  The smallest chunk in a tree (a common operation in a best-fit
+  allocator) can be found by walking a path to the leftmost leaf in
+  the tree.  Unlike a usual binary tree, where we follow left child
+  pointers until we reach a null, here we follow the right child
+  pointer any time the left one is null, until we reach a leaf with
+  both child pointers null. The smallest chunk in the tree will be
+  somewhere along that path.
+
+  The worst case number of steps to add, find, or remove a node is
+  bounded by the number of bits differentiating chunks within
+  bins. Under current bin calculations, this ranges from 6 up to 21
+  (for 32 bit sizes) or up to 53 (for 64 bit sizes). The typical case
+  is of course much better.
+*/
+
+struct malloc_tree_chunk {
+  /* The first four fields must be compatible with malloc_chunk */
+  size_t                    prev_foot;
+  size_t                    head;
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* fd;
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* bk;
+
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* child[2];
+  struct malloc_tree_chunk* parent;
+  bindex_t                  index;
+};
+
+typedef struct malloc_tree_chunk  tchunk;
+typedef struct malloc_tree_chunk* tchunkptr;
+typedef struct malloc_tree_chunk* tbinptr; /* The type of bins of trees */
+
+/* A little helper macro for trees */
+#define leftmost_child(t) ((t)->child[0] != 0? (t)->child[0] : (t)->child[1])
+
+/* ----------------------------- Segments -------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Each malloc space may include non-contiguous segments, held in a
+  list headed by an embedded malloc_segment record representing the
+  top-most space. Segments also include flags holding properties of
+  the space. Large chunks that are directly allocated by mmap are not
+  included in this list. They are instead independently created and
+  destroyed without otherwise keeping track of them.
+
+  Segment management mainly comes into play for spaces allocated by
+  MMAP.  Any call to MMAP might or might not return memory that is
+  adjacent to an existing segment.  MORECORE normally contiguously
+  extends the current space, so this space is almost always adjacent,
+  which is simpler and faster to deal with. (This is why MORECORE is
+  used preferentially to MMAP when both are available -- see
+  sys_alloc.)  When allocating using MMAP, we don't use any of the
+  hinting mechanisms (inconsistently) supported in various
+  implementations of unix mmap, or distinguish reserving from
+  committing memory. Instead, we just ask for space, and exploit
+  contiguity when we get it.  It is probably possible to do
+  better than this on some systems, but no general scheme seems
+  to be significantly better.
+
+  Management entails a simpler variant of the consolidation scheme
+  used for chunks to reduce fragmentation -- new adjacent memory is
+  normally prepended or appended to an existing segment. However,
+  there are limitations compared to chunk consolidation that mostly
+  reflect the fact that segment processing is relatively infrequent
+  (occurring only when getting memory from system) and that we
+  don't expect to have huge numbers of segments:
+
+  * Segments are not indexed, so traversal requires linear scans.  (It
+    would be possible to index these, but is not worth the extra
+    overhead and complexity for most programs on most platforms.)
+  * New segments are only appended to old ones when holding top-most
+    memory; if they cannot be prepended to others, they are held in
+    different segments.
+
+  Except for the top-most segment of an mstate, each segment record
+  is kept at the tail of its segment. Segments are added by pushing
+  segment records onto the list headed by &mstate.seg for the
+  containing mstate.
+
+  Segment flags control allocation/merge/deallocation policies:
+  * If EXTERN_BIT set, then we did not allocate this segment,
+    and so should not try to deallocate or merge with others.
+    (This currently holds only for the initial segment passed
+    into create_mspace_with_base.)
+  * If IS_MMAPPED_BIT set, the segment may be merged with
+    other surrounding mmapped segments and trimmed/de-allocated
+    using munmap.
+  * If neither bit is set, then the segment was obtained using
+    MORECORE so can be merged with surrounding MORECORE'd segments
+    and deallocated/trimmed using MORECORE with negative arguments.
+*/
+
+struct malloc_segment {
+  char*        base;             /* base address */
+  size_t       size;             /* allocated size */
+  struct malloc_segment* next;   /* ptr to next segment */
+  flag_t       sflags;           /* mmap and extern flag */
+};
+
+#define is_mmapped_segment(S)  ((S)->sflags & IS_MMAPPED_BIT)
+#define is_extern_segment(S)   ((S)->sflags & EXTERN_BIT)
+
+typedef struct malloc_segment  msegment;
+typedef struct malloc_segment* msegmentptr;
+
+/* ---------------------------- malloc_state ----------------------------- */
+
+/*
+   A malloc_state holds all of the bookkeeping for a space.
+   The main fields are:
+
+  Top
+    The topmost chunk of the currently active segment. Its size is
+    cached in topsize.  The actual size of topmost space is
+    topsize+TOP_FOOT_SIZE, which includes space reserved for adding
+    fenceposts and segment records if necessary when getting more
+    space from the system.  The size at which to autotrim top is
+    cached from mparams in trim_check, except that it is disabled if
+    an autotrim fails.
+
+  Designated victim (dv)
+    This is the preferred chunk for servicing small requests that
+    don't have exact fits.  It is normally the chunk split off most
+    recently to service another small request.  Its size is cached in
+    dvsize. The link fields of this chunk are not maintained since it
+    is not kept in a bin.
+
+  SmallBins
+    An array of bin headers for free chunks.  These bins hold chunks
+    with sizes less than MIN_LARGE_SIZE bytes. Each bin contains
+    chunks of all the same size, spaced 8 bytes apart.  To simplify
+    use in double-linked lists, each bin header acts as a malloc_chunk
+    pointing to the real first node, if it exists (else pointing to
+    itself).  This avoids special-casing for headers.  But to avoid
+    waste, we allocate only the fd/bk pointers of bins, and then use
+    repositioning tricks to treat these as the fields of a chunk.
+
+  TreeBins
+    Treebins are pointers to the roots of trees holding a range of
+    sizes. There are 2 equally spaced treebins for each power of two
+    from TREE_SHIFT to TREE_SHIFT+16. The last bin holds anything
+    larger.
+
+  Bin maps
+    There is one bit map for small bins ("smallmap") and one for
+    treebins ("treemap).  Each bin sets its bit when non-empty, and
+    clears the bit when empty.  Bit operations are then used to avoid
+    bin-by-bin searching -- nearly all "search" is done without ever
+    looking at bins that won't be selected.  The bit maps
+    conservatively use 32 bits per map word, even if on 64bit system.
+    For a good description of some of the bit-based techniques used
+    here, see Henry S. Warren Jr's book "Hacker's Delight" (and
+    supplement at http://hackersdelight.org/). Many of these are
+    intended to reduce the branchiness of paths through malloc etc, as
+    well as to reduce the number of memory locations read or written.
+
+  Segments
+    A list of segments headed by an embedded malloc_segment record
+    representing the initial space.
+
+  Address check support
+    The least_addr field is the least address ever obtained from
+    MORECORE or MMAP. Attempted frees and reallocs of any address less
+    than this are trapped (unless INSECURE is defined).
+
+  Magic tag
+    A cross-check field that should always hold same value as mparams.magic.
+
+  Flags
+    Bits recording whether to use MMAP, locks, or contiguous MORECORE
+
+  Statistics
+    Each space keeps track of current and maximum system memory
+    obtained via MORECORE or MMAP.
+
+  Trim support
+    Fields holding the amount of unused topmost memory that should trigger
+    timming, and a counter to force periodic scanning to release unused
+    non-topmost segments.
+
+  Locking
+    If USE_LOCKS is defined, the "mutex" lock is acquired and released
+    around every public call using this mspace.
+
+  Extension support
+    A void* pointer and a size_t field that can be used to help implement
+    extensions to this malloc.
+*/
+
+/* Bin types, widths and sizes */
+#define NSMALLBINS        (32U)
+#define NTREEBINS         (32U)
+#define SMALLBIN_SHIFT    (3U)
+#define SMALLBIN_WIDTH    (SIZE_T_ONE << SMALLBIN_SHIFT)
+#define TREEBIN_SHIFT     (8U)
+#define MIN_LARGE_SIZE    (SIZE_T_ONE << TREEBIN_SHIFT)
+#define MAX_SMALL_SIZE    (MIN_LARGE_SIZE - SIZE_T_ONE)
+#define MAX_SMALL_REQUEST (MAX_SMALL_SIZE - CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK - CHUNK_OVERHEAD)
+
+struct malloc_state {
+  binmap_t   smallmap;
+  binmap_t   treemap;
+  size_t     dvsize;
+  size_t     topsize;
+  char*      least_addr;
+  mchunkptr  dv;
+  mchunkptr  top;
+  size_t     trim_check;
+  size_t     release_checks;
+  size_t     magic;
+  mchunkptr  smallbins[(NSMALLBINS+1)*2];
+  tbinptr    treebins[NTREEBINS];
+  size_t     footprint;
+  size_t     max_footprint;
+  flag_t     mflags;
+#if USE_LOCKS
+  MLOCK_T    mutex;     /* locate lock among fields that rarely change */
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+  msegment   seg;
+  void*      extp;      /* Unused but available for extensions */
+  size_t     exts;
+};
+
+typedef struct malloc_state*    mstate;
+
+/* ------------- Global malloc_state and malloc_params ------------------- */
+
+/*
+  malloc_params holds global properties, including those that can be
+  dynamically set using mallopt. There is a single instance, mparams,
+  initialized in init_mparams. Note that the non-zeroness of "magic"
+  also serves as an initialization flag.
+*/
+
+struct malloc_params {
+  volatile size_t magic;
+  size_t page_size;
+  size_t granularity;
+  size_t mmap_threshold;
+  size_t trim_threshold;
+  flag_t default_mflags;
+};
+
+static struct malloc_params mparams;
+
+/* Ensure mparams initialized */
+#define ensure_initialization() ((void)(mparams.magic != 0 || init_mparams()))
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+
+/* The global malloc_state used for all non-"mspace" calls */
+static struct malloc_state _gm_;
+#define gm                 (&_gm_)
+#define is_global(M)       ((M) == &_gm_)
+
+#endif /* !ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+#define is_initialized(M)  ((M)->top != 0)
+
+/* -------------------------- system alloc setup ------------------------- */
+
+/* Operations on mflags */
+
+#define use_lock(M)           ((M)->mflags &   USE_LOCK_BIT)
+#define enable_lock(M)        ((M)->mflags |=  USE_LOCK_BIT)
+#define disable_lock(M)       ((M)->mflags &= ~USE_LOCK_BIT)
+
+#define use_mmap(M)           ((M)->mflags &   USE_MMAP_BIT)
+#define enable_mmap(M)        ((M)->mflags |=  USE_MMAP_BIT)
+#define disable_mmap(M)       ((M)->mflags &= ~USE_MMAP_BIT)
+
+#define use_noncontiguous(M)  ((M)->mflags &   USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT)
+#define disable_contiguous(M) ((M)->mflags |=  USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT)
+
+#define set_lock(M,L)\
+ ((M)->mflags = (L)?\
+  ((M)->mflags | USE_LOCK_BIT) :\
+  ((M)->mflags & ~USE_LOCK_BIT))
+
+/* page-align a size */
+#define page_align(S)\
+ (((S) + (mparams.page_size - SIZE_T_ONE)) & ~(mparams.page_size - SIZE_T_ONE))
+
+/* granularity-align a size */
+#define granularity_align(S)\
+  (((S) + (mparams.granularity - SIZE_T_ONE))\
+   & ~(mparams.granularity - SIZE_T_ONE))
+
+
+/* For mmap, use granularity alignment on windows, else page-align */
+#ifdef WIN32
+#define mmap_align(S) granularity_align(S)
+#else
+#define mmap_align(S) page_align(S)
+#endif
+
+/* For sys_alloc, enough padding to ensure can malloc request on success */
+#define SYS_ALLOC_PADDING (TOP_FOOT_SIZE + MALLOC_ALIGNMENT)
+
+#define is_page_aligned(S)\
+   (((size_t)(S) & (mparams.page_size - SIZE_T_ONE)) == 0)
+#define is_granularity_aligned(S)\
+   (((size_t)(S) & (mparams.granularity - SIZE_T_ONE)) == 0)
+
+/*  True if segment S holds address A */
+#define segment_holds(S, A)\
+  ((char*)(A) >= S->base && (char*)(A) < S->base + S->size)
+
+/* Return segment holding given address */
+static msegmentptr segment_holding(mstate m, char* addr) {
+  msegmentptr sp = &m->seg;
+  for (;;) {
+    if (addr >= sp->base && addr < sp->base + sp->size)
+      return sp;
+    if ((sp = sp->next) == 0)
+      return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+/* Return true if segment contains a segment link */
+static int has_segment_link(mstate m, msegmentptr ss) {
+  msegmentptr sp = &m->seg;
+  for (;;) {
+    if ((char*)sp >= ss->base && (char*)sp < ss->base + ss->size)
+      return 1;
+    if ((sp = sp->next) == 0)
+      return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+#ifndef MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM
+#define should_trim(M,s)  ((s) > (M)->trim_check)
+#else  /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+#define should_trim(M,s)  (0)
+#endif /* MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM */
+
+/*
+  TOP_FOOT_SIZE is padding at the end of a segment, including space
+  that may be needed to place segment records and fenceposts when new
+  noncontiguous segments are added.
+*/
+#define TOP_FOOT_SIZE\
+  (align_offset(chunk2mem(0))+pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_segment))+MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+
+
+/* -------------------------------  Hooks -------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+  PREACTION should be defined to return 0 on success, and nonzero on
+  failure. If you are not using locking, you can redefine these to do
+  anything you like.
+*/
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+
+#define PREACTION(M)  ((use_lock(M))? ACQUIRE_LOCK(&(M)->mutex) : 0)
+#define POSTACTION(M) { if (use_lock(M)) RELEASE_LOCK(&(M)->mutex); }
+#else /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+#ifndef PREACTION
+#define PREACTION(M) (0)
+#endif  /* PREACTION */
+
+#ifndef POSTACTION
+#define POSTACTION(M)
+#endif  /* POSTACTION */
+
+#endif /* USE_LOCKS */
+
+/*
+  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION is triggered upon detected bad addresses.
+  USAGE_ERROR_ACTION is triggered on detected bad frees and
+  reallocs. The argument p is an address that might have triggered the
+  fault. It is ignored by the two predefined actions, but might be
+  useful in custom actions that try to help diagnose errors.
+*/
+
+#if PROCEED_ON_ERROR
+
+/* A count of the number of corruption errors causing resets */
+int malloc_corruption_error_count;
+
+/* default corruption action */
+static void reset_on_error(mstate m);
+
+#define CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m)  reset_on_error(m)
+#define USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m, p)
+
+#else /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+
+#ifndef CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION
+#define CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m) ABORT
+#endif /* CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION */
+
+#ifndef USAGE_ERROR_ACTION
+#define USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m,p) ABORT
+#endif /* USAGE_ERROR_ACTION */
+
+#endif /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+
+/* -------------------------- Debugging setup ---------------------------- */
+
+#if ! DEBUG
+
+#define check_free_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_inuse_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloced_chunk(M,P,N)
+#define check_mmapped_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloc_state(M)
+#define check_top_chunk(M,P)
+
+#else /* DEBUG */
+#define check_free_chunk(M,P)       do_check_free_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_inuse_chunk(M,P)      do_check_inuse_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_top_chunk(M,P)        do_check_top_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloced_chunk(M,P,N) do_check_malloced_chunk(M,P,N)
+#define check_mmapped_chunk(M,P)    do_check_mmapped_chunk(M,P)
+#define check_malloc_state(M)       do_check_malloc_state(M)
+
+static void   do_check_any_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_top_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_mmapped_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_inuse_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_free_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p);
+static void   do_check_malloced_chunk(mstate m, void* mem, size_t s);
+static void   do_check_tree(mstate m, tchunkptr t);
+static void   do_check_treebin(mstate m, bindex_t i);
+static void   do_check_smallbin(mstate m, bindex_t i);
+static void   do_check_malloc_state(mstate m);
+static int    bin_find(mstate m, mchunkptr x);
+static size_t traverse_and_check(mstate m);
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+/* ---------------------------- Indexing Bins ---------------------------- */
+
+#define is_small(s)         (((s) >> SMALLBIN_SHIFT) < NSMALLBINS)
+#define small_index(s)      ((s)  >> SMALLBIN_SHIFT)
+#define small_index2size(i) ((i)  << SMALLBIN_SHIFT)
+#define MIN_SMALL_INDEX     (small_index(MIN_CHUNK_SIZE))
+
+/* addressing by index. See above about smallbin repositioning */
+#define smallbin_at(M, i)   ((sbinptr)((char*)&((M)->smallbins[(i)<<1])))
+#define treebin_at(M,i)     (&((M)->treebins[i]))
+
+/* assign tree index for size S to variable I. Use x86 asm if possible  */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int K;\
+    __asm__("bsrl\t%1, %0\n\t" : "=r" (K) : "rm"  (X));\
+    I =  (bindex_t)((K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1)));\
+  }\
+}
+
+#elif defined (__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  size_t X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int K = _bit_scan_reverse (X); \
+    I =  (bindex_t)((K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1)));\
+  }\
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  size_t X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int K;\
+    _BitScanReverse((DWORD *) &K, X);\
+    I =  (bindex_t)((K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1)));\
+  }\
+}
+
+#else /* GNUC */
+#define compute_tree_index(S, I)\
+{\
+  size_t X = S >> TREEBIN_SHIFT;\
+  if (X == 0)\
+    I = 0;\
+  else if (X > 0xFFFF)\
+    I = NTREEBINS-1;\
+  else {\
+    unsigned int Y = (unsigned int)X;\
+    unsigned int N = ((Y - 0x100) >> 16) & 8;\
+    unsigned int K = (((Y <<= N) - 0x1000) >> 16) & 4;\
+    N += K;\
+    N += K = (((Y <<= K) - 0x4000) >> 16) & 2;\
+    K = 14 - N + ((Y <<= K) >> 15);\
+    I = (K << 1) + ((S >> (K + (TREEBIN_SHIFT-1)) & 1));\
+  }\
+}
+#endif /* GNUC */
+
+/* Bit representing maximum resolved size in a treebin at i */
+#define bit_for_tree_index(i) \
+   (i == NTREEBINS-1)? (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-1) : (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT - 2)
+
+/* Shift placing maximum resolved bit in a treebin at i as sign bit */
+#define leftshift_for_tree_index(i) \
+   ((i == NTREEBINS-1)? 0 : \
+    ((SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE) - (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT - 2)))
+
+/* The size of the smallest chunk held in bin with index i */
+#define minsize_for_tree_index(i) \
+   ((SIZE_T_ONE << (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT)) |  \
+   (((size_t)((i) & SIZE_T_ONE)) << (((i) >> 1) + TREEBIN_SHIFT - 1)))
+
+
+/* ------------------------ Operations on bin maps ----------------------- */
+
+/* bit corresponding to given index */
+#define idx2bit(i)              ((binmap_t)(1) << (i))
+
+/* Mark/Clear bits with given index */
+#define mark_smallmap(M,i)      ((M)->smallmap |=  idx2bit(i))
+#define clear_smallmap(M,i)     ((M)->smallmap &= ~idx2bit(i))
+#define smallmap_is_marked(M,i) ((M)->smallmap &   idx2bit(i))
+
+#define mark_treemap(M,i)       ((M)->treemap  |=  idx2bit(i))
+#define clear_treemap(M,i)      ((M)->treemap  &= ~idx2bit(i))
+#define treemap_is_marked(M,i)  ((M)->treemap  &   idx2bit(i))
+
+/* isolate the least set bit of a bitmap */
+#define least_bit(x)         ((x) & -(x))
+
+/* mask with all bits to left of least bit of x on */
+#define left_bits(x)         ((x<<1) | -(x<<1))
+
+/* mask with all bits to left of or equal to least bit of x on */
+#define same_or_left_bits(x) ((x) | -(x))
+
+/* index corresponding to given bit. Use x86 asm if possible */
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int J;\
+  __asm__("bsfl\t%1, %0\n\t" : "=r" (J) : "rm" (X));\
+  I = (bindex_t)J;\
+}
+
+#elif defined (__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int J;\
+  J = _bit_scan_forward (X); \
+  I = (bindex_t)J;\
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int J;\
+  _BitScanForward((DWORD *) &J, X);\
+  I = (bindex_t)J;\
+}
+
+#elif USE_BUILTIN_FFS
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I) I = ffs(X)-1
+
+#else
+#define compute_bit2idx(X, I)\
+{\
+  unsigned int Y = X - 1;\
+  unsigned int K = Y >> (16-4) & 16;\
+  unsigned int N = K;        Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (8-3) &  8;  Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (4-2) &  4;  Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (2-1) &  2;  Y >>= K;\
+  N += K = Y >> (1-0) &  1;  Y >>= K;\
+  I = (bindex_t)(N + Y);\
+}
+#endif /* GNUC */
+
+
+/* ----------------------- Runtime Check Support ------------------------- */
+
+/*
+  For security, the main invariant is that malloc/free/etc never
+  writes to a static address other than malloc_state, unless static
+  malloc_state itself has been corrupted, which cannot occur via
+  malloc (because of these checks). In essence this means that we
+  believe all pointers, sizes, maps etc held in malloc_state, but
+  check all of those linked or offsetted from other embedded data
+  structures.  These checks are interspersed with main code in a way
+  that tends to minimize their run-time cost.
+
+  When FOOTERS is defined, in addition to range checking, we also
+  verify footer fields of inuse chunks, which can be used guarantee
+  that the mstate controlling malloc/free is intact.  This is a
+  streamlined version of the approach described by William Robertson
+  et al in "Run-time Detection of Heap-based Overflows" LISA'03
+  http://www.usenix.org/events/lisa03/tech/robertson.html The footer
+  of an inuse chunk holds the xor of its mstate and a random seed,
+  that is checked upon calls to free() and realloc().  This is
+  (probablistically) unguessable from outside the program, but can be
+  computed by any code successfully malloc'ing any chunk, so does not
+  itself provide protection against code that has already broken
+  security through some other means.  Unlike Robertson et al, we
+  always dynamically check addresses of all offset chunks (previous,
+  next, etc). This turns out to be cheaper than relying on hashes.
+*/
+
+#if !INSECURE
+/* Check if address a is at least as high as any from MORECORE or MMAP */
+#define ok_address(M, a) ((char*)(a) >= (M)->least_addr)
+/* Check if address of next chunk n is higher than base chunk p */
+#define ok_next(p, n)    ((char*)(p) < (char*)(n))
+/* Check if p has its cinuse bit on */
+#define ok_cinuse(p)     cinuse(p)
+/* Check if p has its pinuse bit on */
+#define ok_pinuse(p)     pinuse(p)
+
+#else /* !INSECURE */
+#define ok_address(M, a) (1)
+#define ok_next(b, n)    (1)
+#define ok_cinuse(p)     (1)
+#define ok_pinuse(p)     (1)
+#endif /* !INSECURE */
+
+#if (FOOTERS && !INSECURE)
+/* Check if (alleged) mstate m has expected magic field */
+#define ok_magic(M)      ((M)->magic == mparams.magic)
+#else  /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+#define ok_magic(M)      (1)
+#endif /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+
+
+/* In gcc, use __builtin_expect to minimize impact of checks */
+#if !INSECURE
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 3
+#define RTCHECK(e)  __builtin_expect(e, 1)
+#else /* GNUC */
+#define RTCHECK(e)  (e)
+#endif /* GNUC */
+#else /* !INSECURE */
+#define RTCHECK(e)  (1)
+#endif /* !INSECURE */
+
+/* macros to set up inuse chunks with or without footers */
+
+#if !FOOTERS
+
+#define mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s)
+
+/* Set cinuse bit and pinuse bit of next chunk */
+#define set_inuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT)|s|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Set cinuse and pinuse of this chunk and pinuse of next chunk */
+#define set_inuse_and_pinuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  ((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT)
+
+/* Set size, cinuse and pinuse bit of this chunk */
+#define set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(M, p, s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT))
+
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+
+/* Set foot of inuse chunk to be xor of mstate and seed */
+#define mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s)\
+  (((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) + (s)))->prev_foot = ((size_t)(M) ^ mparams.magic))
+
+#define get_mstate_for(p)\
+  ((mstate)(((mchunkptr)((char*)(p) +\
+    (chunksize(p))))->prev_foot ^ mparams.magic))
+
+#define set_inuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (((p)->head & PINUSE_BIT)|s|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  (((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT), \
+  mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s))
+
+#define set_inuse_and_pinuse(M,p,s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  (((mchunkptr)(((char*)(p)) + (s)))->head |= PINUSE_BIT),\
+ mark_inuse_foot(M,p,s))
+
+#define set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(M, p, s)\
+  ((p)->head = (s|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT),\
+  mark_inuse_foot(M, p, s))
+
+#endif /* !FOOTERS */
+
+/* ---------------------------- setting mparams -------------------------- */
+
+/* Initialize mparams */
+static int init_mparams(void) {
+#ifdef NEED_GLOBAL_LOCK_INIT
+  if (malloc_global_mutex_status <= 0)
+    init_malloc_global_mutex();
+#endif
+
+  ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+  if (mparams.magic == 0) {
+    size_t magic;
+    size_t psize;
+    size_t gsize;
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+    psize = malloc_getpagesize;
+    gsize = ((DEFAULT_GRANULARITY != 0)? DEFAULT_GRANULARITY : psize);
+#else /* WIN32 */
+    {
+      SYSTEM_INFO system_info;
+      GetSystemInfo(&system_info);
+      psize = system_info.dwPageSize;
+      gsize = ((DEFAULT_GRANULARITY != 0)?
+	       DEFAULT_GRANULARITY : system_info.dwAllocationGranularity);
+    }
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+
+    /* Sanity-check configuration:
+       size_t must be unsigned and as wide as pointer type.
+       ints must be at least 4 bytes.
+       alignment must be at least 8.
+       Alignment, min chunk size, and page size must all be powers of 2.
+    */
+    if ((sizeof(size_t) != sizeof(char*)) ||
+	(MAX_SIZE_T < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)  ||
+	(sizeof(int) < 4)  ||
+	(MALLOC_ALIGNMENT < (size_t)8U) ||
+	((MALLOC_ALIGNMENT & (MALLOC_ALIGNMENT-SIZE_T_ONE)) != 0) ||
+	((MCHUNK_SIZE      & (MCHUNK_SIZE-SIZE_T_ONE))      != 0) ||
+	((gsize            & (gsize-SIZE_T_ONE))            != 0) ||
+	((psize            & (psize-SIZE_T_ONE))            != 0))
+      ABORT;
+
+    mparams.granularity = gsize;
+    mparams.page_size = psize;
+    mparams.mmap_threshold = DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD;
+    mparams.trim_threshold = DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD;
+#if MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS
+    mparams.default_mflags = USE_LOCK_BIT|USE_MMAP_BIT;
+#else  /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+    mparams.default_mflags = USE_LOCK_BIT|USE_MMAP_BIT|USE_NONCONTIGUOUS_BIT;
+#endif /* MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS */
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+    /* Set up lock for main malloc area */
+    gm->mflags = mparams.default_mflags;
+    INITIAL_LOCK(&gm->mutex);
+#endif
+
+#if (FOOTERS && !INSECURE)
+    {
+#if USE_DEV_RANDOM
+      int fd;
+      unsigned char buf[sizeof(size_t)];
+      /* Try to use /dev/urandom, else fall back on using time */
+      if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY)) >= 0 &&
+	  read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) == sizeof(buf)) {
+	magic = *((size_t *) buf);
+	close(fd);
+      }
+      else
+#endif /* USE_DEV_RANDOM */
+#ifdef WIN32
+	magic = (size_t)(GetTickCount() ^ (size_t)0x55555555U);
+#else
+      magic = (size_t)(time(0) ^ (size_t)0x55555555U);
+#endif
+      magic |= (size_t)8U;    /* ensure nonzero */
+      magic &= ~(size_t)7U;   /* improve chances of fault for bad values */
+    }
+#else /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+    magic = (size_t)0x58585858U;
+#endif /* (FOOTERS && !INSECURE) */
+
+    mparams.magic = magic;
+  }
+
+  RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/* support for mallopt */
+static int change_mparam(int param_number, int value) {
+  size_t val = (value == -1)? MAX_SIZE_T : (size_t)value;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  switch(param_number) {
+  case M_TRIM_THRESHOLD:
+    mparams.trim_threshold = val;
+    return 1;
+  case M_GRANULARITY:
+    if (val >= mparams.page_size && ((val & (val-1)) == 0)) {
+      mparams.granularity = val;
+      return 1;
+    }
+    else
+      return 0;
+  case M_MMAP_THRESHOLD:
+    mparams.mmap_threshold = val;
+    return 1;
+  default:
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+#if DEBUG
+/* ------------------------- Debugging Support --------------------------- */
+
+/* Check properties of any chunk, whether free, inuse, mmapped etc  */
+static void do_check_any_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  assert((is_aligned(chunk2mem(p))) || (p->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD));
+  assert(ok_address(m, p));
+}
+
+/* Check properties of top chunk */
+static void do_check_top_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  msegmentptr sp = segment_holding(m, (char*)p);
+  size_t  sz = p->head & ~INUSE_BITS; /* third-lowest bit can be set! */
+  assert(sp != 0);
+  assert((is_aligned(chunk2mem(p))) || (p->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD));
+  assert(ok_address(m, p));
+  assert(sz == m->topsize);
+  assert(sz > 0);
+  assert(sz == ((sp->base + sp->size) - (char*)p) - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+  assert(pinuse(p));
+  assert(!pinuse(chunk_plus_offset(p, sz)));
+}
+
+/* Check properties of (inuse) mmapped chunks */
+static void do_check_mmapped_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  size_t  sz = chunksize(p);
+  size_t len = (sz + (p->prev_foot & ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT) + MMAP_FOOT_PAD);
+  assert(is_mmapped(p));
+  assert(use_mmap(m));
+  assert((is_aligned(chunk2mem(p))) || (p->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD));
+  assert(ok_address(m, p));
+  assert(!is_small(sz));
+  assert((len & (mparams.page_size-SIZE_T_ONE)) == 0);
+  assert(chunk_plus_offset(p, sz)->head == FENCEPOST_HEAD);
+  assert(chunk_plus_offset(p, sz+SIZE_T_SIZE)->head == 0);
+}
+
+/* Check properties of inuse chunks */
+static void do_check_inuse_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  do_check_any_chunk(m, p);
+  assert(cinuse(p));
+  assert(next_pinuse(p));
+  /* If not pinuse and not mmapped, previous chunk has OK offset */
+  assert(is_mmapped(p) || pinuse(p) || next_chunk(prev_chunk(p)) == p);
+  if (is_mmapped(p))
+    do_check_mmapped_chunk(m, p);
+}
+
+/* Check properties of free chunks */
+static void do_check_free_chunk(mstate m, mchunkptr p) {
+  size_t sz = chunksize(p);
+  mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(p, sz);
+  do_check_any_chunk(m, p);
+  assert(!cinuse(p));
+  assert(!next_pinuse(p));
+  assert (!is_mmapped(p));
+  if (p != m->dv && p != m->top) {
+    if (sz >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) {
+      assert((sz & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) == 0);
+      assert(is_aligned(chunk2mem(p)));
+      assert(next->prev_foot == sz);
+      assert(pinuse(p));
+      assert (next == m->top || cinuse(next));
+      assert(p->fd->bk == p);
+      assert(p->bk->fd == p);
+    }
+    else  /* markers are always of size SIZE_T_SIZE */
+      assert(sz == SIZE_T_SIZE);
+  }
+}
+
+/* Check properties of malloced chunks at the point they are malloced */
+static void do_check_malloced_chunk(mstate m, void* mem, size_t s) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+    size_t sz = p->head & ~(PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT);
+    do_check_inuse_chunk(m, p);
+    assert((sz & CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK) == 0);
+    assert(sz >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);
+    assert(sz >= s);
+    /* unless mmapped, size is less than MIN_CHUNK_SIZE more than request */
+    assert(is_mmapped(p) || sz < (s + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE));
+  }
+}
+
+/* Check a tree and its subtrees.  */
+static void do_check_tree(mstate m, tchunkptr t) {
+  tchunkptr head = 0;
+  tchunkptr u = t;
+  bindex_t tindex = t->index;
+  size_t tsize = chunksize(t);
+  bindex_t idx;
+  compute_tree_index(tsize, idx);
+  assert(tindex == idx);
+  assert(tsize >= MIN_LARGE_SIZE);
+  assert(tsize >= minsize_for_tree_index(idx));
+  assert((idx == NTREEBINS-1) || (tsize < minsize_for_tree_index((idx+1))));
+
+  do { /* traverse through chain of same-sized nodes */
+    do_check_any_chunk(m, ((mchunkptr)u));
+    assert(u->index == tindex);
+    assert(chunksize(u) == tsize);
+    assert(!cinuse(u));
+    assert(!next_pinuse(u));
+    assert(u->fd->bk == u);
+    assert(u->bk->fd == u);
+    if (u->parent == 0) {
+      assert(u->child[0] == 0);
+      assert(u->child[1] == 0);
+    }
+    else {
+      assert(head == 0); /* only one node on chain has parent */
+      head = u;
+      assert(u->parent != u);
+      assert (u->parent->child[0] == u ||
+	      u->parent->child[1] == u ||
+	      *((tbinptr*)(u->parent)) == u);
+      if (u->child[0] != 0) {
+	assert(u->child[0]->parent == u);
+	assert(u->child[0] != u);
+	do_check_tree(m, u->child[0]);
+      }
+      if (u->child[1] != 0) {
+	assert(u->child[1]->parent == u);
+	assert(u->child[1] != u);
+	do_check_tree(m, u->child[1]);
+      }
+      if (u->child[0] != 0 && u->child[1] != 0) {
+	assert(chunksize(u->child[0]) < chunksize(u->child[1]));
+      }
+    }
+    u = u->fd;
+  } while (u != t);
+  assert(head != 0);
+}
+
+/*  Check all the chunks in a treebin.  */
+static void do_check_treebin(mstate m, bindex_t i) {
+  tbinptr* tb = treebin_at(m, i);
+  tchunkptr t = *tb;
+  int empty = (m->treemap & (1U << i)) == 0;
+  if (t == 0)
+    assert(empty);
+  if (!empty)
+    do_check_tree(m, t);
+}
+
+/*  Check all the chunks in a smallbin.  */
+static void do_check_smallbin(mstate m, bindex_t i) {
+  sbinptr b = smallbin_at(m, i);
+  mchunkptr p = b->bk;
+  unsigned int empty = (m->smallmap & (1U << i)) == 0;
+  if (p == b)
+    assert(empty);
+  if (!empty) {
+    for (; p != b; p = p->bk) {
+      size_t size = chunksize(p);
+      mchunkptr q;
+      /* each chunk claims to be free */
+      do_check_free_chunk(m, p);
+      /* chunk belongs in bin */
+      assert(small_index(size) == i);
+      assert(p->bk == b || chunksize(p->bk) == chunksize(p));
+      /* chunk is followed by an inuse chunk */
+      q = next_chunk(p);
+      if (q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD)
+	do_check_inuse_chunk(m, q);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/* Find x in a bin. Used in other check functions. */
+static int bin_find(mstate m, mchunkptr x) {
+  size_t size = chunksize(x);
+  if (is_small(size)) {
+    bindex_t sidx = small_index(size);
+    sbinptr b = smallbin_at(m, sidx);
+    if (smallmap_is_marked(m, sidx)) {
+      mchunkptr p = b;
+      do {
+	if (p == x)
+	  return 1;
+      } while ((p = p->fd) != b);
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    bindex_t tidx;
+    compute_tree_index(size, tidx);
+    if (treemap_is_marked(m, tidx)) {
+      tchunkptr t = *treebin_at(m, tidx);
+      size_t sizebits = size << leftshift_for_tree_index(tidx);
+      while (t != 0 && chunksize(t) != size) {
+	t = t->child[(sizebits >> (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE)) & 1];
+	sizebits <<= 1;
+      }
+      if (t != 0) {
+	tchunkptr u = t;
+	do {
+	  if (u == (tchunkptr)x)
+	    return 1;
+	} while ((u = u->fd) != t);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Traverse each chunk and check it; return total */
+static size_t traverse_and_check(mstate m) {
+  size_t sum = 0;
+  if (is_initialized(m)) {
+    msegmentptr s = &m->seg;
+    sum += m->topsize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE;
+    while (s != 0) {
+      mchunkptr q = align_as_chunk(s->base);
+      mchunkptr lastq = 0;
+      assert(pinuse(q));
+      while (segment_holds(s, q) &&
+	     q != m->top && q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) {
+	sum += chunksize(q);
+	if (cinuse(q)) {
+	  assert(!bin_find(m, q));
+	  do_check_inuse_chunk(m, q);
+	}
+	else {
+	  assert(q == m->dv || bin_find(m, q));
+	  assert(lastq == 0 || cinuse(lastq)); /* Not 2 consecutive free */
+	  do_check_free_chunk(m, q);
+	}
+	lastq = q;
+	q = next_chunk(q);
+      }
+      s = s->next;
+    }
+  }
+  return sum;
+}
+
+/* Check all properties of malloc_state. */
+static void do_check_malloc_state(mstate m) {
+  bindex_t i;
+  size_t total;
+  /* check bins */
+  for (i = 0; i < NSMALLBINS; ++i)
+    do_check_smallbin(m, i);
+  for (i = 0; i < NTREEBINS; ++i)
+    do_check_treebin(m, i);
+
+  if (m->dvsize != 0) { /* check dv chunk */
+    do_check_any_chunk(m, m->dv);
+    assert(m->dvsize == chunksize(m->dv));
+    assert(m->dvsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);
+    assert(bin_find(m, m->dv) == 0);
+  }
+
+  if (m->top != 0) {   /* check top chunk */
+    do_check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+    /*assert(m->topsize == chunksize(m->top)); redundant */
+    assert(m->topsize > 0);
+    assert(bin_find(m, m->top) == 0);
+  }
+
+  total = traverse_and_check(m);
+  assert(total <= m->footprint);
+  assert(m->footprint <= m->max_footprint);
+}
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+/* ----------------------------- statistics ------------------------------ */
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+static struct mallinfo internal_mallinfo(mstate m) {
+  struct mallinfo nm = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+  ensure_initialization();
+  if (!PREACTION(m)) {
+    check_malloc_state(m);
+    if (is_initialized(m)) {
+      size_t nfree = SIZE_T_ONE; /* top always free */
+      size_t mfree = m->topsize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE;
+      size_t sum = mfree;
+      msegmentptr s = &m->seg;
+      while (s != 0) {
+	mchunkptr q = align_as_chunk(s->base);
+	while (segment_holds(s, q) &&
+	       q != m->top && q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) {
+	  size_t sz = chunksize(q);
+	  sum += sz;
+	  if (!cinuse(q)) {
+	    mfree += sz;
+	    ++nfree;
+	  }
+	  q = next_chunk(q);
+	}
+	s = s->next;
+      }
+
+      nm.arena    = sum;
+      nm.ordblks  = nfree;
+      nm.hblkhd   = m->footprint - sum;
+      nm.usmblks  = m->max_footprint;
+      nm.uordblks = m->footprint - mfree;
+      nm.fordblks = mfree;
+      nm.keepcost = m->topsize;
+    }
+
+    POSTACTION(m);
+  }
+  return nm;
+}
+#endif /* !NO_MALLINFO */
+
+static void internal_malloc_stats(mstate m) {
+  ensure_initialization();
+  if (!PREACTION(m)) {
+    size_t maxfp = 0;
+    size_t fp = 0;
+    size_t used = 0;
+    check_malloc_state(m);
+    if (is_initialized(m)) {
+      msegmentptr s = &m->seg;
+      maxfp = m->max_footprint;
+      fp = m->footprint;
+      used = fp - (m->topsize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+
+      while (s != 0) {
+	mchunkptr q = align_as_chunk(s->base);
+	while (segment_holds(s, q) &&
+	       q != m->top && q->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) {
+	  if (!cinuse(q))
+	    used -= chunksize(q);
+	  q = next_chunk(q);
+	}
+	s = s->next;
+      }
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "max system bytes = %10lu\n", (unsigned long)(maxfp));
+    fprintf(stderr, "system bytes     = %10lu\n", (unsigned long)(fp));
+    fprintf(stderr, "in use bytes     = %10lu\n", (unsigned long)(used));
+
+    POSTACTION(m);
+  }
+}
+
+/* ----------------------- Operations on smallbins ----------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Various forms of linking and unlinking are defined as macros.  Even
+  the ones for trees, which are very long but have very short typical
+  paths.  This is ugly but reduces reliance on inlining support of
+  compilers.
+*/
+
+/* Link a free chunk into a smallbin  */
+#define insert_small_chunk(M, P, S) {\
+  bindex_t I  = small_index(S);\
+  mchunkptr B = smallbin_at(M, I);\
+  mchunkptr F = B;\
+  assert(S >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);\
+  if (!smallmap_is_marked(M, I))\
+    mark_smallmap(M, I);\
+  else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, B->fd)))\
+    F = B->fd;\
+  else {\
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+  }\
+  B->fd = P;\
+  F->bk = P;\
+  P->fd = F;\
+  P->bk = B;\
+}
+
+/* Unlink a chunk from a smallbin  */
+#define unlink_small_chunk(M, P, S) {\
+  mchunkptr F = P->fd;\
+  mchunkptr B = P->bk;\
+  bindex_t I = small_index(S);\
+  assert(P != B);\
+  assert(P != F);\
+  assert(chunksize(P) == small_index2size(I));\
+  if (F == B)\
+    clear_smallmap(M, I);\
+  else if (RTCHECK((F == smallbin_at(M,I) || ok_address(M, F)) &&\
+		   (B == smallbin_at(M,I) || ok_address(M, B)))) {\
+    F->bk = B;\
+    B->fd = F;\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+  }\
+}
+
+/* Unlink the first chunk from a smallbin */
+#define unlink_first_small_chunk(M, B, P, I) {\
+  mchunkptr F = P->fd;\
+  assert(P != B);\
+  assert(P != F);\
+  assert(chunksize(P) == small_index2size(I));\
+  if (B == F)\
+    clear_smallmap(M, I);\
+  else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, F))) {\
+    B->fd = F;\
+    F->bk = B;\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+  }\
+}
+
+
+
+/* Replace dv node, binning the old one */
+/* Used only when dvsize known to be small */
+#define replace_dv(M, P, S) {\
+  size_t DVS = M->dvsize;\
+  if (DVS != 0) {\
+    mchunkptr DV = M->dv;\
+    assert(is_small(DVS));\
+    insert_small_chunk(M, DV, DVS);\
+  }\
+  M->dvsize = S;\
+  M->dv = P;\
+}
+
+/* ------------------------- Operations on trees ------------------------- */
+
+/* Insert chunk into tree */
+#define insert_large_chunk(M, X, S) {\
+  tbinptr* H;\
+  bindex_t I;\
+  compute_tree_index(S, I);\
+  H = treebin_at(M, I);\
+  X->index = I;\
+  X->child[0] = X->child[1] = 0;\
+  if (!treemap_is_marked(M, I)) {\
+    mark_treemap(M, I);\
+    *H = X;\
+    X->parent = (tchunkptr)H;\
+    X->fd = X->bk = X;\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    tchunkptr T = *H;\
+    size_t K = S << leftshift_for_tree_index(I);\
+    for (;;) {\
+      if (chunksize(T) != S) {\
+	tchunkptr* C = &(T->child[(K >> (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE)) & 1]);\
+	K <<= 1;\
+	if (*C != 0)\
+	  T = *C;\
+	else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, C))) {\
+	  *C = X;\
+	  X->parent = T;\
+	  X->fd = X->bk = X;\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+	else {\
+	  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+      }\
+      else {\
+	tchunkptr F = T->fd;\
+	if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, T) && ok_address(M, F))) {\
+	  T->fd = F->bk = X;\
+	  X->fd = F;\
+	  X->bk = T;\
+	  X->parent = 0;\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+	else {\
+	  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	  break;\
+	}\
+      }\
+    }\
+  }\
+}
+
+/*
+  Unlink steps:
+
+  1. If x is a chained node, unlink it from its same-sized fd/bk links
+     and choose its bk node as its replacement.
+  2. If x was the last node of its size, but not a leaf node, it must
+     be replaced with a leaf node (not merely one with an open left or
+     right), to make sure that lefts and rights of descendents
+     correspond properly to bit masks.  We use the rightmost descendent
+     of x.  We could use any other leaf, but this is easy to locate and
+     tends to counteract removal of leftmosts elsewhere, and so keeps
+     paths shorter than minimally guaranteed.  This doesn't loop much
+     because on average a node in a tree is near the bottom.
+  3. If x is the base of a chain (i.e., has parent links) relink
+     x's parent and children to x's replacement (or null if none).
+*/
+
+#define unlink_large_chunk(M, X) {\
+  tchunkptr XP = X->parent;\
+  tchunkptr R;\
+  if (X->bk != X) {\
+    tchunkptr F = X->fd;\
+    R = X->bk;\
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, F))) {\
+      F->bk = R;\
+      R->fd = F;\
+    }\
+    else {\
+      CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+    }\
+  }\
+  else {\
+    tchunkptr* RP;\
+    if (((R = *(RP = &(X->child[1]))) != 0) ||\
+	((R = *(RP = &(X->child[0]))) != 0)) {\
+      tchunkptr* CP;\
+      while ((*(CP = &(R->child[1])) != 0) ||\
+	     (*(CP = &(R->child[0])) != 0)) {\
+	R = *(RP = CP);\
+      }\
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, RP)))\
+	*RP = 0;\
+      else {\
+	CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+      }\
+    }\
+  }\
+  if (XP != 0) {\
+    tbinptr* H = treebin_at(M, X->index);\
+    if (X == *H) {\
+      if ((*H = R) == 0) \
+	clear_treemap(M, X->index);\
+    }\
+    else if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, XP))) {\
+      if (XP->child[0] == X) \
+	XP->child[0] = R;\
+      else \
+	XP->child[1] = R;\
+    }\
+    else\
+      CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+    if (R != 0) {\
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, R))) {\
+	tchunkptr C0, C1;\
+	R->parent = XP;\
+	if ((C0 = X->child[0]) != 0) {\
+	  if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, C0))) {\
+	    R->child[0] = C0;\
+	    C0->parent = R;\
+	  }\
+	  else\
+	    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	}\
+	if ((C1 = X->child[1]) != 0) {\
+	  if (RTCHECK(ok_address(M, C1))) {\
+	    R->child[1] = C1;\
+	    C1->parent = R;\
+	  }\
+	  else\
+	    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+	}\
+      }\
+      else\
+	CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(M);\
+    }\
+  }\
+}
+
+/* Relays to large vs small bin operations */
+
+#define insert_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  if (is_small(S)) insert_small_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  else { tchunkptr TP = (tchunkptr)(P); insert_large_chunk(M, TP, S); }
+
+#define unlink_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  if (is_small(S)) unlink_small_chunk(M, P, S)\
+  else { tchunkptr TP = (tchunkptr)(P); unlink_large_chunk(M, TP); }
+
+
+/* Relays to internal calls to malloc/free from realloc, memalign etc */
+
+#if ONLY_MSPACES
+#define internal_malloc(m, b) mspace_malloc(m, b)
+#define internal_free(m, mem) mspace_free(m,mem);
+#else /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+#if MSPACES
+#define internal_malloc(m, b)\
+   (m == gm)? dlmalloc(b) : mspace_malloc(m, b)
+#define internal_free(m, mem)\
+   if (m == gm) dlfree(mem); else mspace_free(m,mem);
+#else /* MSPACES */
+#define internal_malloc(m, b) dlmalloc(b)
+#define internal_free(m, mem) dlfree(mem)
+#endif /* MSPACES */
+#endif /* ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+/* -----------------------  Direct-mmapping chunks ----------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Directly mmapped chunks are set up with an offset to the start of
+  the mmapped region stored in the prev_foot field of the chunk. This
+  allows reconstruction of the required argument to MUNMAP when freed,
+  and also allows adjustment of the returned chunk to meet alignment
+  requirements (especially in memalign).  There is also enough space
+  allocated to hold a fake next chunk of size SIZE_T_SIZE to maintain
+  the PINUSE bit so frees can be checked.
+*/
+
+/* Malloc using mmap */
+static void* mmap_alloc(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  size_t mmsize = mmap_align(nb + SIX_SIZE_T_SIZES + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK);
+  if (mmsize > nb) {     /* Check for wrap around 0 */
+    char* mm = (char*)(CALL_DIRECT_MMAP(mmsize));
+    if (mm != CMFAIL) {
+      size_t offset = align_offset(chunk2mem(mm));
+      size_t psize = mmsize - offset - MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+      mchunkptr p = (mchunkptr)(mm + offset);
+      p->prev_foot = offset | IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+      (p)->head = (psize|CINUSE_BIT);
+      mark_inuse_foot(m, p, psize);
+      chunk_plus_offset(p, psize)->head = FENCEPOST_HEAD;
+      chunk_plus_offset(p, psize+SIZE_T_SIZE)->head = 0;
+
+      if (mm < m->least_addr)
+	m->least_addr = mm;
+      if ((m->footprint += mmsize) > m->max_footprint)
+	m->max_footprint = m->footprint;
+      assert(is_aligned(chunk2mem(p)));
+      check_mmapped_chunk(m, p);
+      return chunk2mem(p);
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Realloc using mmap */
+static mchunkptr mmap_resize(mstate m, mchunkptr oldp, size_t nb) {
+  size_t oldsize = chunksize(oldp);
+  if (is_small(nb)) /* Can't shrink mmap regions below small size */
+    return 0;
+  /* Keep old chunk if big enough but not too big */
+  if (oldsize >= nb + SIZE_T_SIZE &&
+      (oldsize - nb) <= (mparams.granularity << 1))
+    return oldp;
+  else {
+    size_t offset = oldp->prev_foot & ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+    size_t oldmmsize = oldsize + offset + MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+    size_t newmmsize = mmap_align(nb + SIX_SIZE_T_SIZES + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK);
+    char* cp = (char*)CALL_MREMAP((char*)oldp - offset,
+				  oldmmsize, newmmsize, 1);
+    if (cp != CMFAIL) {
+      mchunkptr newp = (mchunkptr)(cp + offset);
+      size_t psize = newmmsize - offset - MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+      newp->head = (psize|CINUSE_BIT);
+      mark_inuse_foot(m, newp, psize);
+      chunk_plus_offset(newp, psize)->head = FENCEPOST_HEAD;
+      chunk_plus_offset(newp, psize+SIZE_T_SIZE)->head = 0;
+
+      if (cp < m->least_addr)
+	m->least_addr = cp;
+      if ((m->footprint += newmmsize - oldmmsize) > m->max_footprint)
+	m->max_footprint = m->footprint;
+      check_mmapped_chunk(m, newp);
+      return newp;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------- mspace management -------------------------- */
+
+/* Initialize top chunk and its size */
+static void init_top(mstate m, mchunkptr p, size_t psize) {
+  /* Ensure alignment */
+  size_t offset = align_offset(chunk2mem(p));
+  p = (mchunkptr)((char*)p + offset);
+  psize -= offset;
+
+  m->top = p;
+  m->topsize = psize;
+  p->head = psize | PINUSE_BIT;
+  /* set size of fake trailing chunk holding overhead space only once */
+  chunk_plus_offset(p, psize)->head = TOP_FOOT_SIZE;
+  m->trim_check = mparams.trim_threshold; /* reset on each update */
+}
+
+/* Initialize bins for a new mstate that is otherwise zeroed out */
+static void init_bins(mstate m) {
+  /* Establish circular links for smallbins */
+  bindex_t i;
+  for (i = 0; i < NSMALLBINS; ++i) {
+    sbinptr bin = smallbin_at(m,i);
+    bin->fd = bin->bk = bin;
+  }
+}
+
+#if PROCEED_ON_ERROR
+
+/* default corruption action */
+static void reset_on_error(mstate m) {
+  int i;
+  ++malloc_corruption_error_count;
+  /* Reinitialize fields to forget about all memory */
+  m->smallbins = m->treebins = 0;
+  m->dvsize = m->topsize = 0;
+  m->seg.base = 0;
+  m->seg.size = 0;
+  m->seg.next = 0;
+  m->top = m->dv = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < NTREEBINS; ++i)
+    *treebin_at(m, i) = 0;
+  init_bins(m);
+}
+#endif /* PROCEED_ON_ERROR */
+
+/* Allocate chunk and prepend remainder with chunk in successor base. */
+static void* prepend_alloc(mstate m, char* newbase, char* oldbase,
+			   size_t nb) {
+  mchunkptr p = align_as_chunk(newbase);
+  mchunkptr oldfirst = align_as_chunk(oldbase);
+  size_t psize = (char*)oldfirst - (char*)p;
+  mchunkptr q = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+  size_t qsize = psize - nb;
+  set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, nb);
+
+  assert((char*)oldfirst > (char*)q);
+  assert(pinuse(oldfirst));
+  assert(qsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE);
+
+  /* consolidate remainder with first chunk of old base */
+  if (oldfirst == m->top) {
+    size_t tsize = m->topsize += qsize;
+    m->top = q;
+    q->head = tsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+    check_top_chunk(m, q);
+  }
+  else if (oldfirst == m->dv) {
+    size_t dsize = m->dvsize += qsize;
+    m->dv = q;
+    set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(q, dsize);
+  }
+  else {
+    if (!cinuse(oldfirst)) {
+      size_t nsize = chunksize(oldfirst);
+      unlink_chunk(m, oldfirst, nsize);
+      oldfirst = chunk_plus_offset(oldfirst, nsize);
+      qsize += nsize;
+    }
+    set_free_with_pinuse(q, qsize, oldfirst);
+    insert_chunk(m, q, qsize);
+    check_free_chunk(m, q);
+  }
+
+  check_malloced_chunk(m, chunk2mem(p), nb);
+  return chunk2mem(p);
+}
+
+/* Add a segment to hold a new noncontiguous region */
+static void add_segment(mstate m, char* tbase, size_t tsize, flag_t mmapped) {
+  /* Determine locations and sizes of segment, fenceposts, old top */
+  char* old_top = (char*)m->top;
+  msegmentptr oldsp = segment_holding(m, old_top);
+  char* old_end = oldsp->base + oldsp->size;
+  size_t ssize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_segment));
+  char* rawsp = old_end - (ssize + FOUR_SIZE_T_SIZES + CHUNK_ALIGN_MASK);
+  size_t offset = align_offset(chunk2mem(rawsp));
+  char* asp = rawsp + offset;
+  char* csp = (asp < (old_top + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE))? old_top : asp;
+  mchunkptr sp = (mchunkptr)csp;
+  msegmentptr ss = (msegmentptr)(chunk2mem(sp));
+  mchunkptr tnext = chunk_plus_offset(sp, ssize);
+  mchunkptr p = tnext;
+  int nfences = 0;
+
+  /* reset top to new space */
+  init_top(m, (mchunkptr)tbase, tsize - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+
+  /* Set up segment record */
+  assert(is_aligned(ss));
+  set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, sp, ssize);
+  *ss = m->seg; /* Push current record */
+  m->seg.base = tbase;
+  m->seg.size = tsize;
+  m->seg.sflags = mmapped;
+  m->seg.next = ss;
+
+  /* Insert trailing fenceposts */
+  for (;;) {
+    mchunkptr nextp = chunk_plus_offset(p, SIZE_T_SIZE);
+    p->head = FENCEPOST_HEAD;
+    ++nfences;
+    if ((char*)(&(nextp->head)) < old_end)
+      p = nextp;
+    else
+      break;
+  }
+  assert(nfences >= 2);
+
+  /* Insert the rest of old top into a bin as an ordinary free chunk */
+  if (csp != old_top) {
+    mchunkptr q = (mchunkptr)old_top;
+    size_t psize = csp - old_top;
+    mchunkptr tn = chunk_plus_offset(q, psize);
+    set_free_with_pinuse(q, psize, tn);
+    insert_chunk(m, q, psize);
+  }
+
+  check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+}
+
+/* -------------------------- System allocation -------------------------- */
+
+/* Get memory from system using MORECORE or MMAP */
+static void* sys_alloc(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  char* tbase = CMFAIL;
+  size_t tsize = 0;
+  flag_t mmap_flag = 0;
+
+  ensure_initialization();
+
+  /* Directly map large chunks */
+  if (use_mmap(m) && nb >= mparams.mmap_threshold) {
+    void* mem = mmap_alloc(m, nb);
+    if (mem != 0)
+      return mem;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Try getting memory in any of three ways (in most-preferred to
+    least-preferred order):
+    1. A call to MORECORE that can normally contiguously extend memory.
+       (disabled if not MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS or not HAVE_MORECORE or
+       or main space is mmapped or a previous contiguous call failed)
+    2. A call to MMAP new space (disabled if not HAVE_MMAP).
+       Note that under the default settings, if MORECORE is unable to
+       fulfill a request, and HAVE_MMAP is true, then mmap is
+       used as a noncontiguous system allocator. This is a useful backup
+       strategy for systems with holes in address spaces -- in this case
+       sbrk cannot contiguously expand the heap, but mmap may be able to
+       find space.
+    3. A call to MORECORE that cannot usually contiguously extend memory.
+       (disabled if not HAVE_MORECORE)
+
+   In all cases, we need to request enough bytes from system to ensure
+   we can malloc nb bytes upon success, so pad with enough space for
+   top_foot, plus alignment-pad to make sure we don't lose bytes if
+   not on boundary, and round this up to a granularity unit.
+  */
+
+  if (MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS && !use_noncontiguous(m)) {
+    char* br = CMFAIL;
+    msegmentptr ss = (m->top == 0)? 0 : segment_holding(m, (char*)m->top);
+    size_t asize = 0;
+    ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+
+    if (ss == 0) {  /* First time through or recovery */
+      char* base = (char*)CALL_MORECORE(0);
+      if (base != CMFAIL) {
+	asize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+	/* Adjust to end on a page boundary */
+	if (!is_page_aligned(base))
+	  asize += (page_align((size_t)base) - (size_t)base);
+	/* Can't call MORECORE if size is negative when treated as signed */
+	if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T &&
+	    (br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(asize))) == base) {
+	  tbase = base;
+	  tsize = asize;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      /* Subtract out existing available top space from MORECORE request. */
+      asize = granularity_align(nb - m->topsize + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+      /* Use mem here only if it did continuously extend old space */
+      if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T &&
+	  (br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(asize))) == ss->base+ss->size) {
+	tbase = br;
+	tsize = asize;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (tbase == CMFAIL) {    /* Cope with partial failure */
+      if (br != CMFAIL) {    /* Try to use/extend the space we did get */
+	if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T &&
+	    asize < nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING) {
+	  size_t esize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING - asize);
+	  if (esize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) {
+	    char* end = (char*)CALL_MORECORE(esize);
+	    if (end != CMFAIL)
+	      asize += esize;
+	    else {            /* Can't use; try to release */
+	      (void) CALL_MORECORE(-asize);
+	      br = CMFAIL;
+	    }
+	  }
+	}
+      }
+      if (br != CMFAIL) {    /* Use the space we did get */
+	tbase = br;
+	tsize = asize;
+      }
+      else
+	disable_contiguous(m); /* Don't try contiguous path in the future */
+    }
+
+    RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+  }
+
+  if (HAVE_MMAP && tbase == CMFAIL) {  /* Try MMAP */
+    size_t rsize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+    if (rsize > nb) { /* Fail if wraps around zero */
+      char* mp = (char*)(CALL_MMAP(rsize));
+      if (mp != CMFAIL) {
+	tbase = mp;
+	tsize = rsize;
+	mmap_flag = IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (HAVE_MORECORE && tbase == CMFAIL) { /* Try noncontiguous MORECORE */
+    size_t asize = granularity_align(nb + SYS_ALLOC_PADDING);
+    if (asize < HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) {
+      char* br = CMFAIL;
+      char* end = CMFAIL;
+      ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+      br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(asize));
+      end = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(0));
+      RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+      if (br != CMFAIL && end != CMFAIL && br < end) {
+	size_t ssize = end - br;
+	if (ssize > nb + TOP_FOOT_SIZE) {
+	  tbase = br;
+	  tsize = ssize;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (tbase != CMFAIL) {
+
+    if ((m->footprint += tsize) > m->max_footprint)
+      m->max_footprint = m->footprint;
+
+    if (!is_initialized(m)) { /* first-time initialization */
+      m->seg.base = m->least_addr = tbase;
+      m->seg.size = tsize;
+      m->seg.sflags = mmap_flag;
+      m->magic = mparams.magic;
+      m->release_checks = MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE;
+      init_bins(m);
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+      if (is_global(m))
+	init_top(m, (mchunkptr)tbase, tsize - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+      else
+#endif
+      {
+	/* Offset top by embedded malloc_state */
+	mchunkptr mn = next_chunk(mem2chunk(m));
+	init_top(m, mn, (size_t)((tbase + tsize) - (char*)mn) -TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+      }
+    }
+
+    else {
+      /* Try to merge with an existing segment */
+      msegmentptr sp = &m->seg;
+      /* Only consider most recent segment if traversal suppressed */
+      while (sp != 0 && tbase != sp->base + sp->size)
+	sp = (NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL) ? 0 : sp->next;
+      if (sp != 0 &&
+	  !is_extern_segment(sp) &&
+	  (sp->sflags & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) == mmap_flag &&
+	  segment_holds(sp, m->top)) { /* append */
+	sp->size += tsize;
+	init_top(m, m->top, m->topsize + tsize);
+      }
+      else {
+	if (tbase < m->least_addr)
+	  m->least_addr = tbase;
+	sp = &m->seg;
+	while (sp != 0 && sp->base != tbase + tsize)
+	  sp = (NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL) ? 0 : sp->next;
+	if (sp != 0 &&
+	    !is_extern_segment(sp) &&
+	    (sp->sflags & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) == mmap_flag) {
+	  char* oldbase = sp->base;
+	  sp->base = tbase;
+	  sp->size += tsize;
+	  return prepend_alloc(m, tbase, oldbase, nb);
+	}
+	else
+	  add_segment(m, tbase, tsize, mmap_flag);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (nb < m->topsize) { /* Allocate from new or extended top space */
+      size_t rsize = m->topsize -= nb;
+      mchunkptr p = m->top;
+      mchunkptr r = m->top = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+      r->head = rsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, nb);
+      check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+      check_malloced_chunk(m, chunk2mem(p), nb);
+      return chunk2mem(p);
+    }
+  }
+
+  MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* -----------------------  system deallocation -------------------------- */
+
+/* Unmap and unlink any mmapped segments that don't contain used chunks */
+static size_t release_unused_segments(mstate m) {
+  size_t released = 0;
+  int nsegs = 0;
+  msegmentptr pred = &m->seg;
+  msegmentptr sp = pred->next;
+  while (sp != 0) {
+    char* base = sp->base;
+    size_t size = sp->size;
+    msegmentptr next = sp->next;
+    ++nsegs;
+    if (is_mmapped_segment(sp) && !is_extern_segment(sp)) {
+      mchunkptr p = align_as_chunk(base);
+      size_t psize = chunksize(p);
+      /* Can unmap if first chunk holds entire segment and not pinned */
+      if (!cinuse(p) && (char*)p + psize >= base + size - TOP_FOOT_SIZE) {
+	tchunkptr tp = (tchunkptr)p;
+	assert(segment_holds(sp, (char*)sp));
+	if (p == m->dv) {
+	  m->dv = 0;
+	  m->dvsize = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+	  unlink_large_chunk(m, tp);
+	}
+	if (CALL_MUNMAP(base, size) == 0) {
+	  released += size;
+	  m->footprint -= size;
+	  /* unlink obsoleted record */
+	  sp = pred;
+	  sp->next = next;
+	}
+	else { /* back out if cannot unmap */
+	  insert_large_chunk(m, tp, psize);
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    if (NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL) /* scan only first segment */
+      break;
+    pred = sp;
+    sp = next;
+  }
+  /* Reset check counter */
+  m->release_checks = ((nsegs > MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE)?
+		       nsegs : MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE);
+  return released;
+}
+
+static int sys_trim(mstate m, size_t pad) {
+  size_t released = 0;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  if (pad < MAX_REQUEST && is_initialized(m)) {
+    pad += TOP_FOOT_SIZE; /* ensure enough room for segment overhead */
+
+    if (m->topsize > pad) {
+      /* Shrink top space in granularity-size units, keeping at least one */
+      size_t unit = mparams.granularity;
+      size_t extra = ((m->topsize - pad + (unit - SIZE_T_ONE)) / unit -
+		      SIZE_T_ONE) * unit;
+      msegmentptr sp = segment_holding(m, (char*)m->top);
+
+      if (!is_extern_segment(sp)) {
+	if (is_mmapped_segment(sp)) {
+	  if (HAVE_MMAP &&
+	      sp->size >= extra &&
+	      !has_segment_link(m, sp)) { /* can't shrink if pinned */
+	    size_t newsize = sp->size - extra;
+	    /* Prefer mremap, fall back to munmap */
+	    if ((CALL_MREMAP(sp->base, sp->size, newsize, 0) != MFAIL) ||
+		(CALL_MUNMAP(sp->base + newsize, extra) == 0)) {
+	      released = extra;
+	    }
+	  }
+	}
+	else if (HAVE_MORECORE) {
+	  if (extra >= HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) /* Avoid wrapping negative */
+	    extra = (HALF_MAX_SIZE_T) + SIZE_T_ONE - unit;
+	  ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	  {
+	    /* Make sure end of memory is where we last set it. */
+	    char* old_br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(0));
+	    if (old_br == sp->base + sp->size) {
+	      char* rel_br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(-extra));
+	      char* new_br = (char*)(CALL_MORECORE(0));
+	      if (rel_br != CMFAIL && new_br < old_br)
+		released = old_br - new_br;
+	    }
+	  }
+	  RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	}
+      }
+
+      if (released != 0) {
+	sp->size -= released;
+	m->footprint -= released;
+	init_top(m, m->top, m->topsize - released);
+	check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* Unmap any unused mmapped segments */
+    if (HAVE_MMAP)
+      released += release_unused_segments(m);
+
+    /* On failure, disable autotrim to avoid repeated failed future calls */
+    if (released == 0 && m->topsize > m->trim_check)
+      m->trim_check = MAX_SIZE_T;
+  }
+
+  return (released != 0)? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------- malloc support --------------------------- */
+
+/* allocate a large request from the best fitting chunk in a treebin */
+static void* tmalloc_large(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  tchunkptr v = 0;
+  size_t rsize = -nb; /* Unsigned negation */
+  tchunkptr t;
+  bindex_t idx;
+  compute_tree_index(nb, idx);
+  if ((t = *treebin_at(m, idx)) != 0) {
+    /* Traverse tree for this bin looking for node with size == nb */
+    size_t sizebits = nb << leftshift_for_tree_index(idx);
+    tchunkptr rst = 0;  /* The deepest untaken right subtree */
+    for (;;) {
+      tchunkptr rt;
+      size_t trem = chunksize(t) - nb;
+      if (trem < rsize) {
+	v = t;
+	if ((rsize = trem) == 0)
+	  break;
+      }
+      rt = t->child[1];
+      t = t->child[(sizebits >> (SIZE_T_BITSIZE-SIZE_T_ONE)) & 1];
+      if (rt != 0 && rt != t)
+	rst = rt;
+      if (t == 0) {
+	t = rst; /* set t to least subtree holding sizes > nb */
+	break;
+      }
+      sizebits <<= 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (t == 0 && v == 0) { /* set t to root of next non-empty treebin */
+    binmap_t leftbits = left_bits(idx2bit(idx)) & m->treemap;
+    if (leftbits != 0) {
+      bindex_t i;
+      binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(leftbits);
+      compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+      t = *treebin_at(m, i);
+    }
+  }
+
+  while (t != 0) { /* find smallest of tree or subtree */
+    size_t trem = chunksize(t) - nb;
+    if (trem < rsize) {
+      rsize = trem;
+      v = t;
+    }
+    t = leftmost_child(t);
+  }
+
+  /*  If dv is a better fit, return 0 so malloc will use it */
+  if (v != 0 && rsize < (size_t)(m->dvsize - nb)) {
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(m, v))) { /* split */
+      mchunkptr r = chunk_plus_offset(v, nb);
+      assert(chunksize(v) == rsize + nb);
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_next(v, r))) {
+	unlink_large_chunk(m, v);
+	if (rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	  set_inuse_and_pinuse(m, v, (rsize + nb));
+	else {
+	  set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, v, nb);
+	  set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	  insert_chunk(m, r, rsize);
+	}
+	return chunk2mem(v);
+      }
+    }
+    CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* allocate a small request from the best fitting chunk in a treebin */
+static void* tmalloc_small(mstate m, size_t nb) {
+  tchunkptr t, v;
+  size_t rsize;
+  bindex_t i;
+  binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(m->treemap);
+  compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+  v = t = *treebin_at(m, i);
+  rsize = chunksize(t) - nb;
+
+  while ((t = leftmost_child(t)) != 0) {
+    size_t trem = chunksize(t) - nb;
+    if (trem < rsize) {
+      rsize = trem;
+      v = t;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (RTCHECK(ok_address(m, v))) {
+    mchunkptr r = chunk_plus_offset(v, nb);
+    assert(chunksize(v) == rsize + nb);
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_next(v, r))) {
+      unlink_large_chunk(m, v);
+      if (rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(m, v, (rsize + nb));
+      else {
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, v, nb);
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	replace_dv(m, r, rsize);
+      }
+      return chunk2mem(v);
+    }
+  }
+
+  CORRUPTION_ERROR_ACTION(m);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------- realloc support --------------------------- */
+
+static void* internal_realloc(mstate m, void* oldmem, size_t bytes) {
+  if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST) {
+    MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (!PREACTION(m)) {
+    mchunkptr oldp = mem2chunk(oldmem);
+    size_t oldsize = chunksize(oldp);
+    mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(oldp, oldsize);
+    mchunkptr newp = 0;
+    void* extra = 0;
+
+    /* Try to either shrink or extend into top. Else malloc-copy-free */
+
+    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(m, oldp) && ok_cinuse(oldp) &&
+		ok_next(oldp, next) && ok_pinuse(next))) {
+      size_t nb = request2size(bytes);
+      if (is_mmapped(oldp))
+	newp = mmap_resize(m, oldp, nb);
+      else if (oldsize >= nb) { /* already big enough */
+	size_t rsize = oldsize - nb;
+	newp = oldp;
+	if (rsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) {
+	  mchunkptr remainder = chunk_plus_offset(newp, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, newp, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, remainder, rsize);
+	  extra = chunk2mem(remainder);
+	}
+      }
+      else if (next == m->top && oldsize + m->topsize > nb) {
+	/* Expand into top */
+	size_t newsize = oldsize + m->topsize;
+	size_t newtopsize = newsize - nb;
+	mchunkptr newtop = chunk_plus_offset(oldp, nb);
+	set_inuse(m, oldp, nb);
+	newtop->head = newtopsize |PINUSE_BIT;
+	m->top = newtop;
+	m->topsize = newtopsize;
+	newp = oldp;
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m, oldmem);
+      POSTACTION(m);
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    POSTACTION(m);
+
+    if (newp != 0) {
+      if (extra != 0) {
+	internal_free(m, extra);
+      }
+      check_inuse_chunk(m, newp);
+      return chunk2mem(newp);
+    }
+    else {
+      void* newmem = internal_malloc(m, bytes);
+      if (newmem != 0) {
+	size_t oc = oldsize - overhead_for(oldp);
+	memcpy(newmem, oldmem, (oc < bytes)? oc : bytes);
+	internal_free(m, oldmem);
+      }
+      return newmem;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------- memalign support -------------------------- */
+
+static void* internal_memalign(mstate m, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
+  if (alignment <= MALLOC_ALIGNMENT)    /* Can just use malloc */
+    return internal_malloc(m, bytes);
+  if (alignment <  MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) /* must be at least a minimum chunk size */
+    alignment = MIN_CHUNK_SIZE;
+  if ((alignment & (alignment-SIZE_T_ONE)) != 0) {/* Ensure a power of 2 */
+    size_t a = MALLOC_ALIGNMENT << 1;
+    while (a < alignment) a <<= 1;
+    alignment = a;
+  }
+
+  if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST - alignment) {
+    if (m != 0)  { /* Test isn't needed but avoids compiler warning */
+      MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION;
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    size_t nb = request2size(bytes);
+    size_t req = nb + alignment + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE - CHUNK_OVERHEAD;
+    char* mem = (char*)internal_malloc(m, req);
+    if (mem != 0) {
+      void* leader = 0;
+      void* trailer = 0;
+      mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+
+      if (PREACTION(m)) return 0;
+      if ((((size_t)(mem)) % alignment) != 0) { /* misaligned */
+	/*
+	  Find an aligned spot inside chunk.  Since we need to give
+	  back leading space in a chunk of at least MIN_CHUNK_SIZE, if
+	  the first calculation places us at a spot with less than
+	  MIN_CHUNK_SIZE leader, we can move to the next aligned spot.
+	  We've allocated enough total room so that this is always
+	  possible.
+	*/
+	char* br = (char*)mem2chunk((size_t)(((size_t)(mem +
+						       alignment -
+						       SIZE_T_ONE)) &
+					     -alignment));
+	char* pos = ((size_t)(br - (char*)(p)) >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)?
+	  br : br+alignment;
+	mchunkptr newp = (mchunkptr)pos;
+	size_t leadsize = pos - (char*)(p);
+	size_t newsize = chunksize(p) - leadsize;
+
+	if (is_mmapped(p)) { /* For mmapped chunks, just adjust offset */
+	  newp->prev_foot = p->prev_foot + leadsize;
+	  newp->head = (newsize|CINUSE_BIT);
+	}
+	else { /* Otherwise, give back leader, use the rest */
+	  set_inuse(m, newp, newsize);
+	  set_inuse(m, p, leadsize);
+	  leader = chunk2mem(p);
+	}
+	p = newp;
+      }
+
+      /* Give back spare room at the end */
+      if (!is_mmapped(p)) {
+	size_t size = chunksize(p);
+	if (size > nb + MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) {
+	  size_t remainder_size = size - nb;
+	  mchunkptr remainder = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, p, nb);
+	  set_inuse(m, remainder, remainder_size);
+	  trailer = chunk2mem(remainder);
+	}
+      }
+
+      assert (chunksize(p) >= nb);
+      assert((((size_t)(chunk2mem(p))) % alignment) == 0);
+      check_inuse_chunk(m, p);
+      POSTACTION(m);
+      if (leader != 0) {
+	internal_free(m, leader);
+      }
+      if (trailer != 0) {
+	internal_free(m, trailer);
+      }
+      return chunk2mem(p);
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------ comalloc/coalloc support --------------------- */
+
+static void** ialloc(mstate m,
+		     size_t n_elements,
+		     size_t* sizes,
+		     int opts,
+		     void* chunks[]) {
+  /*
+    This provides common support for independent_X routines, handling
+    all of the combinations that can result.
+
+    The opts arg has:
+    bit 0 set if all elements are same size (using sizes[0])
+    bit 1 set if elements should be zeroed
+  */
+
+  size_t    element_size;   /* chunksize of each element, if all same */
+  size_t    contents_size;  /* total size of elements */
+  size_t    array_size;     /* request size of pointer array */
+  void*     mem;            /* malloced aggregate space */
+  mchunkptr p;              /* corresponding chunk */
+  size_t    remainder_size; /* remaining bytes while splitting */
+  void**    marray;         /* either "chunks" or malloced ptr array */
+  mchunkptr array_chunk;    /* chunk for malloced ptr array */
+  flag_t    was_enabled;    /* to disable mmap */
+  size_t    size;
+  size_t    i;
+
+  ensure_initialization();
+  /* compute array length, if needed */
+  if (chunks != 0) {
+    if (n_elements == 0)
+      return chunks; /* nothing to do */
+    marray = chunks;
+    array_size = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    /* if empty req, must still return chunk representing empty array */
+    if (n_elements == 0)
+      return (void**)internal_malloc(m, 0);
+    marray = 0;
+    array_size = request2size(n_elements * (sizeof(void*)));
+  }
+
+  /* compute total element size */
+  if (opts & 0x1) { /* all-same-size */
+    element_size = request2size(*sizes);
+    contents_size = n_elements * element_size;
+  }
+  else { /* add up all the sizes */
+    element_size = 0;
+    contents_size = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i != n_elements; ++i)
+      contents_size += request2size(sizes[i]);
+  }
+
+  size = contents_size + array_size;
+
+  /*
+     Allocate the aggregate chunk.  First disable direct-mmapping so
+     malloc won't use it, since we would not be able to later
+     free/realloc space internal to a segregated mmap region.
+  */
+  was_enabled = use_mmap(m);
+  disable_mmap(m);
+  mem = internal_malloc(m, size - CHUNK_OVERHEAD);
+  if (was_enabled)
+    enable_mmap(m);
+  if (mem == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  if (PREACTION(m)) return 0;
+  p = mem2chunk(mem);
+  remainder_size = chunksize(p);
+
+  assert(!is_mmapped(p));
+
+  if (opts & 0x2) {       /* optionally clear the elements */
+    memset((size_t*)mem, 0, remainder_size - SIZE_T_SIZE - array_size);
+  }
+
+  /* If not provided, allocate the pointer array as final part of chunk */
+  if (marray == 0) {
+    size_t  array_chunk_size;
+    array_chunk = chunk_plus_offset(p, contents_size);
+    array_chunk_size = remainder_size - contents_size;
+    marray = (void**) (chunk2mem(array_chunk));
+    set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, array_chunk, array_chunk_size);
+    remainder_size = contents_size;
+  }
+
+  /* split out elements */
+  for (i = 0; ; ++i) {
+    marray[i] = chunk2mem(p);
+    if (i != n_elements-1) {
+      if (element_size != 0)
+	size = element_size;
+      else
+	size = request2size(sizes[i]);
+      remainder_size -= size;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, size);
+      p = chunk_plus_offset(p, size);
+    }
+    else { /* the final element absorbs any overallocation slop */
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(m, p, remainder_size);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+#if DEBUG
+  if (marray != chunks) {
+    /* final element must have exactly exhausted chunk */
+    if (element_size != 0) {
+      assert(remainder_size == element_size);
+    }
+    else {
+      assert(remainder_size == request2size(sizes[i]));
+    }
+    check_inuse_chunk(m, mem2chunk(marray));
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i != n_elements; ++i)
+    check_inuse_chunk(m, mem2chunk(marray[i]));
+
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+  POSTACTION(m);
+  return marray;
+}
+
+
+/* -------------------------- public routines ---------------------------- */
+
+#if !ONLY_MSPACES
+
+void* dlmalloc(size_t bytes) {
+  /*
+     Basic algorithm:
+     If a small request (< 256 bytes minus per-chunk overhead):
+       1. If one exists, use a remainderless chunk in associated smallbin.
+	  (Remainderless means that there are too few excess bytes to
+	  represent as a chunk.)
+       2. If it is big enough, use the dv chunk, which is normally the
+	  chunk adjacent to the one used for the most recent small request.
+       3. If one exists, split the smallest available chunk in a bin,
+	  saving remainder in dv.
+       4. If it is big enough, use the top chunk.
+       5. If available, get memory from system and use it
+     Otherwise, for a large request:
+       1. Find the smallest available binned chunk that fits, and use it
+	  if it is better fitting than dv chunk, splitting if necessary.
+       2. If better fitting than any binned chunk, use the dv chunk.
+       3. If it is big enough, use the top chunk.
+       4. If request size >= mmap threshold, try to directly mmap this chunk.
+       5. If available, get memory from system and use it
+
+     The ugly goto's here ensure that postaction occurs along all paths.
+  */
+
+#if USE_LOCKS
+  ensure_initialization(); /* initialize in sys_alloc if not using locks */
+#endif
+
+  if (!PREACTION(gm)) {
+    void* mem;
+    size_t nb;
+    if (bytes <= MAX_SMALL_REQUEST) {
+      bindex_t idx;
+      binmap_t smallbits;
+      nb = (bytes < MIN_REQUEST)? MIN_CHUNK_SIZE : pad_request(bytes);
+      idx = small_index(nb);
+      smallbits = gm->smallmap >> idx;
+
+      if ((smallbits & 0x3U) != 0) { /* Remainderless fit to a smallbin. */
+	mchunkptr b, p;
+	idx += ~smallbits & 1;       /* Uses next bin if idx empty */
+	b = smallbin_at(gm, idx);
+	p = b->fd;
+	assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(idx));
+	unlink_first_small_chunk(gm, b, p, idx);
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(gm, p, small_index2size(idx));
+	mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+
+      else if (nb > gm->dvsize) {
+	if (smallbits != 0) { /* Use chunk in next nonempty smallbin */
+	  mchunkptr b, p, r;
+	  size_t rsize;
+	  bindex_t i;
+	  binmap_t leftbits = (smallbits << idx) & left_bits(idx2bit(idx));
+	  binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(leftbits);
+	  compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+	  b = smallbin_at(gm, i);
+	  p = b->fd;
+	  assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(i));
+	  unlink_first_small_chunk(gm, b, p, i);
+	  rsize = small_index2size(i) - nb;
+	  /* Fit here cannot be remainderless if 4byte sizes */
+	  if (SIZE_T_SIZE != 4 && rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	    set_inuse_and_pinuse(gm, p, small_index2size(i));
+	  else {
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(gm, p, nb);
+	    r = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	    replace_dv(gm, r, rsize);
+	  }
+	  mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	  check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+
+	else if (gm->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_small(gm, nb)) != 0) {
+	  check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    else if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST)
+      nb = MAX_SIZE_T; /* Too big to allocate. Force failure (in sys alloc) */
+    else {
+      nb = pad_request(bytes);
+      if (gm->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_large(gm, nb)) != 0) {
+	check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (nb <= gm->dvsize) {
+      size_t rsize = gm->dvsize - nb;
+      mchunkptr p = gm->dv;
+      if (rsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) { /* split dv */
+	mchunkptr r = gm->dv = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	gm->dvsize = rsize;
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(gm, p, nb);
+      }
+      else { /* exhaust dv */
+	size_t dvs = gm->dvsize;
+	gm->dvsize = 0;
+	gm->dv = 0;
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(gm, p, dvs);
+      }
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    else if (nb < gm->topsize) { /* Split top */
+      size_t rsize = gm->topsize -= nb;
+      mchunkptr p = gm->top;
+      mchunkptr r = gm->top = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+      r->head = rsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(gm, p, nb);
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_top_chunk(gm, gm->top);
+      check_malloced_chunk(gm, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    mem = sys_alloc(gm, nb);
+
+  postaction:
+    POSTACTION(gm);
+    return mem;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void dlfree(void* mem) {
+  /*
+     Consolidate freed chunks with preceeding or succeeding bordering
+     free chunks, if they exist, and then place in a bin.  Intermixed
+     with special cases for top, dv, mmapped chunks, and usage errors.
+  */
+
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(mem);
+#if FOOTERS
+    mstate fm = get_mstate_for(p);
+    if (!ok_magic(fm)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+      return;
+    }
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+#define fm gm
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    if (!PREACTION(fm)) {
+      check_inuse_chunk(fm, p);
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, p) && ok_cinuse(p))) {
+	size_t psize = chunksize(p);
+	mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(p, psize);
+	if (!pinuse(p)) {
+	  size_t prevsize = p->prev_foot;
+	  if ((prevsize & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) != 0) {
+	    prevsize &= ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+	    psize += prevsize + MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+	    if (CALL_MUNMAP((char*)p - prevsize, psize) == 0)
+	      fm->footprint -= psize;
+	    goto postaction;
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    mchunkptr prev = chunk_minus_offset(p, prevsize);
+	    psize += prevsize;
+	    p = prev;
+	    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, prev))) { /* consolidate backward */
+	      if (p != fm->dv) {
+		unlink_chunk(fm, p, prevsize);
+	      }
+	      else if ((next->head & INUSE_BITS) == INUSE_BITS) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	    else
+	      goto erroraction;
+	  }
+	}
+
+	if (RTCHECK(ok_next(p, next) && ok_pinuse(next))) {
+	  if (!cinuse(next)) {  /* consolidate forward */
+	    if (next == fm->top) {
+	      size_t tsize = fm->topsize += psize;
+	      fm->top = p;
+	      p->head = tsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dv = 0;
+		fm->dvsize = 0;
+	      }
+	      if (should_trim(fm, tsize))
+		sys_trim(fm, 0);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else if (next == fm->dv) {
+	      size_t dsize = fm->dvsize += psize;
+	      fm->dv = p;
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, dsize);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else {
+	      size_t nsize = chunksize(next);
+	      psize += nsize;
+	      unlink_chunk(fm, next, nsize);
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, psize);
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	  }
+	  else
+	    set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+
+	  if (is_small(psize)) {
+	    insert_small_chunk(fm, p, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    tchunkptr tp = (tchunkptr)p;
+	    insert_large_chunk(fm, tp, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	    if (--fm->release_checks == 0)
+	      release_unused_segments(fm);
+	  }
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    erroraction:
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+    postaction:
+      POSTACTION(fm);
+    }
+  }
+#if !FOOTERS
+#undef fm
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+}
+
+void* dlcalloc(size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size) {
+  void* mem;
+  size_t req = 0;
+  if (n_elements != 0) {
+    req = n_elements * elem_size;
+    if (((n_elements | elem_size) & ~(size_t)0xffff) &&
+	(req / n_elements != elem_size))
+      req = MAX_SIZE_T; /* force downstream failure on overflow */
+  }
+  mem = dlmalloc(req);
+  if (mem != 0 && calloc_must_clear(mem2chunk(mem)))
+    memset(mem, 0, req);
+  return mem;
+}
+
+void* dlrealloc(void* oldmem, size_t bytes) {
+  if (oldmem == 0)
+    return dlmalloc(bytes);
+#ifdef REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES
+  if (bytes == 0) {
+    dlfree(oldmem);
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif /* REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES */
+  else {
+#if ! FOOTERS
+    mstate m = gm;
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+    mstate m = get_mstate_for(mem2chunk(oldmem));
+    if (!ok_magic(m)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(m, oldmem);
+      return 0;
+    }
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    return internal_realloc(m, oldmem, bytes);
+  }
+}
+
+void* dlmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
+  return internal_memalign(gm, alignment, bytes);
+}
+
+void** dlindependent_calloc(size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size,
+				 void* chunks[]) {
+  size_t sz = elem_size; /* serves as 1-element array */
+  return ialloc(gm, n_elements, &sz, 3, chunks);
+}
+
+void** dlindependent_comalloc(size_t n_elements, size_t sizes[],
+				   void* chunks[]) {
+  return ialloc(gm, n_elements, sizes, 0, chunks);
+}
+
+void* dlvalloc(size_t bytes) {
+  size_t pagesz;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  pagesz = mparams.page_size;
+  return dlmemalign(pagesz, bytes);
+}
+
+void* dlpvalloc(size_t bytes) {
+  size_t pagesz;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  pagesz = mparams.page_size;
+  return dlmemalign(pagesz, (bytes + pagesz - SIZE_T_ONE) & ~(pagesz - SIZE_T_ONE));
+}
+
+int dlmalloc_trim(size_t pad) {
+  ensure_initialization();
+  int result = 0;
+  if (!PREACTION(gm)) {
+    result = sys_trim(gm, pad);
+    POSTACTION(gm);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+size_t dlmalloc_footprint(void) {
+  return gm->footprint;
+}
+
+size_t dlmalloc_max_footprint(void) {
+  return gm->max_footprint;
+}
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo dlmallinfo(void) {
+  return internal_mallinfo(gm);
+}
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+void dlmalloc_stats() {
+  internal_malloc_stats(gm);
+}
+
+int dlmallopt(int param_number, int value) {
+  return change_mparam(param_number, value);
+}
+
+#endif /* !ONLY_MSPACES */
+
+size_t dlmalloc_usable_size(void* mem) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+    if (cinuse(p))
+      return chunksize(p) - overhead_for(p);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------- user mspaces ---------------------------- */
+
+#if MSPACES
+
+static mstate init_user_mstate(char* tbase, size_t tsize) {
+  size_t msize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_state));
+  mchunkptr mn;
+  mchunkptr msp = align_as_chunk(tbase);
+  mstate m = (mstate)(chunk2mem(msp));
+  memset(m, 0, msize);
+  INITIAL_LOCK(&m->mutex);
+  msp->head = (msize|PINUSE_BIT|CINUSE_BIT);
+  m->seg.base = m->least_addr = tbase;
+  m->seg.size = m->footprint = m->max_footprint = tsize;
+  m->magic = mparams.magic;
+  m->release_checks = MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE;
+  m->mflags = mparams.default_mflags;
+  m->extp = 0;
+  m->exts = 0;
+  disable_contiguous(m);
+  init_bins(m);
+  mn = next_chunk(mem2chunk(m));
+  init_top(m, mn, (size_t)((tbase + tsize) - (char*)mn) - TOP_FOOT_SIZE);
+  check_top_chunk(m, m->top);
+  return m;
+}
+
+mspace create_mspace(size_t capacity, int locked) {
+  mstate m = 0;
+  size_t msize;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  msize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_state));
+  if (capacity < (size_t) -(msize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE + mparams.page_size)) {
+    size_t rs = ((capacity == 0)? mparams.granularity :
+		 (capacity + TOP_FOOT_SIZE + msize));
+    size_t tsize = granularity_align(rs);
+    char* tbase = (char*)(CALL_MMAP(tsize));
+    if (tbase != CMFAIL) {
+      m = init_user_mstate(tbase, tsize);
+      m->seg.sflags = IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+      set_lock(m, locked);
+    }
+  }
+  return (mspace)m;
+}
+
+mspace create_mspace_with_base(void* base, size_t capacity, int locked) {
+  mstate m = 0;
+  size_t msize;
+  ensure_initialization();
+  msize = pad_request(sizeof(struct malloc_state));
+  if (capacity > msize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE &&
+      capacity < (size_t) -(msize + TOP_FOOT_SIZE + mparams.page_size)) {
+    m = init_user_mstate((char*)base, capacity);
+    m->seg.sflags = EXTERN_BIT;
+    set_lock(m, locked);
+  }
+  return (mspace)m;
+}
+
+int mspace_mmap_large_chunks(mspace msp, int enable) {
+  int ret = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!PREACTION(ms)) {
+    if (use_mmap(ms))
+      ret = 1;
+    if (enable)
+      enable_mmap(ms);
+    else
+      disable_mmap(ms);
+    POSTACTION(ms);
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+size_t destroy_mspace(mspace msp) {
+  size_t freed = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    msegmentptr sp = &ms->seg;
+    while (sp != 0) {
+      char* base = sp->base;
+      size_t size = sp->size;
+      flag_t flag = sp->sflags;
+      sp = sp->next;
+      if ((flag & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) && !(flag & EXTERN_BIT) &&
+	  CALL_MUNMAP(base, size) == 0)
+	freed += size;
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return freed;
+}
+
+/*
+  mspace versions of routines are near-clones of the global
+  versions. This is not so nice but better than the alternatives.
+*/
+
+
+void* mspace_malloc(mspace msp, size_t bytes) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (!PREACTION(ms)) {
+    void* mem;
+    size_t nb;
+    if (bytes <= MAX_SMALL_REQUEST) {
+      bindex_t idx;
+      binmap_t smallbits;
+      nb = (bytes < MIN_REQUEST)? MIN_CHUNK_SIZE : pad_request(bytes);
+      idx = small_index(nb);
+      smallbits = ms->smallmap >> idx;
+
+      if ((smallbits & 0x3U) != 0) { /* Remainderless fit to a smallbin. */
+	mchunkptr b, p;
+	idx += ~smallbits & 1;       /* Uses next bin if idx empty */
+	b = smallbin_at(ms, idx);
+	p = b->fd;
+	assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(idx));
+	unlink_first_small_chunk(ms, b, p, idx);
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(ms, p, small_index2size(idx));
+	mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+
+      else if (nb > ms->dvsize) {
+	if (smallbits != 0) { /* Use chunk in next nonempty smallbin */
+	  mchunkptr b, p, r;
+	  size_t rsize;
+	  bindex_t i;
+	  binmap_t leftbits = (smallbits << idx) & left_bits(idx2bit(idx));
+	  binmap_t leastbit = least_bit(leftbits);
+	  compute_bit2idx(leastbit, i);
+	  b = smallbin_at(ms, i);
+	  p = b->fd;
+	  assert(chunksize(p) == small_index2size(i));
+	  unlink_first_small_chunk(ms, b, p, i);
+	  rsize = small_index2size(i) - nb;
+	  /* Fit here cannot be remainderless if 4byte sizes */
+	  if (SIZE_T_SIZE != 4 && rsize < MIN_CHUNK_SIZE)
+	    set_inuse_and_pinuse(ms, p, small_index2size(i));
+	  else {
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(ms, p, nb);
+	    r = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	    set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	    replace_dv(ms, r, rsize);
+	  }
+	  mem = chunk2mem(p);
+	  check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+
+	else if (ms->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_small(ms, nb)) != 0) {
+	  check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    else if (bytes >= MAX_REQUEST)
+      nb = MAX_SIZE_T; /* Too big to allocate. Force failure (in sys alloc) */
+    else {
+      nb = pad_request(bytes);
+      if (ms->treemap != 0 && (mem = tmalloc_large(ms, nb)) != 0) {
+	check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+	goto postaction;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (nb <= ms->dvsize) {
+      size_t rsize = ms->dvsize - nb;
+      mchunkptr p = ms->dv;
+      if (rsize >= MIN_CHUNK_SIZE) { /* split dv */
+	mchunkptr r = ms->dv = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+	ms->dvsize = rsize;
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(r, rsize);
+	set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(ms, p, nb);
+      }
+      else { /* exhaust dv */
+	size_t dvs = ms->dvsize;
+	ms->dvsize = 0;
+	ms->dv = 0;
+	set_inuse_and_pinuse(ms, p, dvs);
+      }
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    else if (nb < ms->topsize) { /* Split top */
+      size_t rsize = ms->topsize -= nb;
+      mchunkptr p = ms->top;
+      mchunkptr r = ms->top = chunk_plus_offset(p, nb);
+      r->head = rsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+      set_size_and_pinuse_of_inuse_chunk(ms, p, nb);
+      mem = chunk2mem(p);
+      check_top_chunk(ms, ms->top);
+      check_malloced_chunk(ms, mem, nb);
+      goto postaction;
+    }
+
+    mem = sys_alloc(ms, nb);
+
+  postaction:
+    POSTACTION(ms);
+    return mem;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void mspace_free(mspace msp, void* mem) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(mem);
+#if FOOTERS
+    mstate fm = get_mstate_for(p);
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+    mstate fm = (mstate)msp;
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    if (!ok_magic(fm)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!PREACTION(fm)) {
+      check_inuse_chunk(fm, p);
+      if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, p) && ok_cinuse(p))) {
+	size_t psize = chunksize(p);
+	mchunkptr next = chunk_plus_offset(p, psize);
+	if (!pinuse(p)) {
+	  size_t prevsize = p->prev_foot;
+	  if ((prevsize & IS_MMAPPED_BIT) != 0) {
+	    prevsize &= ~IS_MMAPPED_BIT;
+	    psize += prevsize + MMAP_FOOT_PAD;
+	    if (CALL_MUNMAP((char*)p - prevsize, psize) == 0)
+	      fm->footprint -= psize;
+	    goto postaction;
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    mchunkptr prev = chunk_minus_offset(p, prevsize);
+	    psize += prevsize;
+	    p = prev;
+	    if (RTCHECK(ok_address(fm, prev))) { /* consolidate backward */
+	      if (p != fm->dv) {
+		unlink_chunk(fm, p, prevsize);
+	      }
+	      else if ((next->head & INUSE_BITS) == INUSE_BITS) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	    else
+	      goto erroraction;
+	  }
+	}
+
+	if (RTCHECK(ok_next(p, next) && ok_pinuse(next))) {
+	  if (!cinuse(next)) {  /* consolidate forward */
+	    if (next == fm->top) {
+	      size_t tsize = fm->topsize += psize;
+	      fm->top = p;
+	      p->head = tsize | PINUSE_BIT;
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dv = 0;
+		fm->dvsize = 0;
+	      }
+	      if (should_trim(fm, tsize))
+		sys_trim(fm, 0);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else if (next == fm->dv) {
+	      size_t dsize = fm->dvsize += psize;
+	      fm->dv = p;
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, dsize);
+	      goto postaction;
+	    }
+	    else {
+	      size_t nsize = chunksize(next);
+	      psize += nsize;
+	      unlink_chunk(fm, next, nsize);
+	      set_size_and_pinuse_of_free_chunk(p, psize);
+	      if (p == fm->dv) {
+		fm->dvsize = psize;
+		goto postaction;
+	      }
+	    }
+	  }
+	  else
+	    set_free_with_pinuse(p, psize, next);
+
+	  if (is_small(psize)) {
+	    insert_small_chunk(fm, p, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	  }
+	  else {
+	    tchunkptr tp = (tchunkptr)p;
+	    insert_large_chunk(fm, tp, psize);
+	    check_free_chunk(fm, p);
+	    if (--fm->release_checks == 0)
+	      release_unused_segments(fm);
+	  }
+	  goto postaction;
+	}
+      }
+    erroraction:
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+    postaction:
+      POSTACTION(fm);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void* mspace_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements, size_t elem_size) {
+  void* mem;
+  size_t req = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (n_elements != 0) {
+    req = n_elements * elem_size;
+    if (((n_elements | elem_size) & ~(size_t)0xffff) &&
+	(req / n_elements != elem_size))
+      req = MAX_SIZE_T; /* force downstream failure on overflow */
+  }
+  mem = internal_malloc(ms, req);
+  if (mem != 0 && calloc_must_clear(mem2chunk(mem)))
+    memset(mem, 0, req);
+  return mem;
+}
+
+void* mspace_realloc(mspace msp, void* oldmem, size_t bytes) {
+  if (oldmem == 0)
+    return mspace_malloc(msp, bytes);
+#ifdef REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES
+  if (bytes == 0) {
+    mspace_free(msp, oldmem);
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif /* REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES */
+  else {
+#if FOOTERS
+    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(oldmem);
+    mstate ms = get_mstate_for(p);
+#else /* FOOTERS */
+    mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+#endif /* FOOTERS */
+    if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    return internal_realloc(ms, oldmem, bytes);
+  }
+}
+
+void* mspace_memalign(mspace msp, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return internal_memalign(ms, alignment, bytes);
+}
+
+void** mspace_independent_calloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				 size_t elem_size, void* chunks[]) {
+  size_t sz = elem_size; /* serves as 1-element array */
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return ialloc(ms, n_elements, &sz, 3, chunks);
+}
+
+void** mspace_independent_comalloc(mspace msp, size_t n_elements,
+				   size_t sizes[], void* chunks[]) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return ialloc(ms, n_elements, sizes, 0, chunks);
+}
+
+int mspace_trim(mspace msp, size_t pad) {
+  int result = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    if (!PREACTION(ms)) {
+      result = sys_trim(ms, pad);
+      POSTACTION(ms);
+    }
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+void mspace_malloc_stats(mspace msp) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    internal_malloc_stats(ms);
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+}
+
+size_t mspace_footprint(mspace msp) {
+  size_t result = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    result = ms->footprint;
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+size_t mspace_max_footprint(mspace msp) {
+  size_t result = 0;
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (ok_magic(ms)) {
+    result = ms->max_footprint;
+  }
+  else {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo mspace_mallinfo(mspace msp) {
+  mstate ms = (mstate)msp;
+  if (!ok_magic(ms)) {
+    USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(ms,ms);
+  }
+  return internal_mallinfo(ms);
+}
+#endif /* NO_MALLINFO */
+
+size_t mspace_usable_size(void* mem) {
+  if (mem != 0) {
+    mchunkptr p = mem2chunk(mem);
+    if (cinuse(p))
+      return chunksize(p) - overhead_for(p);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int mspace_mallopt(int param_number, int value) {
+  return change_mparam(param_number, value);
+}
+
+#endif /* MSPACES */
+
+/* -------------------- Alternative MORECORE functions ------------------- */
+
+/*
+  Guidelines for creating a custom version of MORECORE:
+
+  * For best performance, MORECORE should allocate in multiples of pagesize.
+  * MORECORE may allocate more memory than requested. (Or even less,
+      but this will usually result in a malloc failure.)
+  * MORECORE must not allocate memory when given argument zero, but
+      instead return one past the end address of memory from previous
+      nonzero call.
+  * For best performance, consecutive calls to MORECORE with positive
+      arguments should return increasing addresses, indicating that
+      space has been contiguously extended.
+  * Even though consecutive calls to MORECORE need not return contiguous
+      addresses, it must be OK for malloc'ed chunks to span multiple
+      regions in those cases where they do happen to be contiguous.
+  * MORECORE need not handle negative arguments -- it may instead
+      just return MFAIL when given negative arguments.
+      Negative arguments are always multiples of pagesize. MORECORE
+      must not misinterpret negative args as large positive unsigned
+      args. You can suppress all such calls from even occurring by defining
+      MORECORE_CANNOT_TRIM,
+
+  As an example alternative MORECORE, here is a custom allocator
+  kindly contributed for pre-OSX macOS.  It uses virtually but not
+  necessarily physically contiguous non-paged memory (locked in,
+  present and won't get swapped out).  You can use it by uncommenting
+  this section, adding some #includes, and setting up the appropriate
+  defines above:
+
+      #define MORECORE osMoreCore
+
+  There is also a shutdown routine that should somehow be called for
+  cleanup upon program exit.
+
+  #define MAX_POOL_ENTRIES 100
+  #define MINIMUM_MORECORE_SIZE  (64 * 1024U)
+  static int next_os_pool;
+  void *our_os_pools[MAX_POOL_ENTRIES];
+
+  void *osMoreCore(int size)
+  {
+    void *ptr = 0;
+    static void *sbrk_top = 0;
+
+    if (size > 0)
+    {
+      if (size < MINIMUM_MORECORE_SIZE)
+	 size = MINIMUM_MORECORE_SIZE;
+      if (CurrentExecutionLevel() == kTaskLevel)
+	 ptr = PoolAllocateResident(size + RM_PAGE_SIZE, 0);
+      if (ptr == 0)
+      {
+	return (void *) MFAIL;
+      }
+      // save ptrs so they can be freed during cleanup
+      our_os_pools[next_os_pool] = ptr;
+      next_os_pool++;
+      ptr = (void *) ((((size_t) ptr) + RM_PAGE_MASK) & ~RM_PAGE_MASK);
+      sbrk_top = (char *) ptr + size;
+      return ptr;
+    }
+    else if (size < 0)
+    {
+      // we don't currently support shrink behavior
+      return (void *) MFAIL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      return sbrk_top;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // cleanup any allocated memory pools
+  // called as last thing before shutting down driver
+
+  void osCleanupMem(void)
+  {
+    void **ptr;
+
+    for (ptr = our_os_pools; ptr < &our_os_pools[MAX_POOL_ENTRIES]; ptr++)
+      if (*ptr)
+      {
+	 PoolDeallocate(*ptr);
+	 *ptr = 0;
+      }
+  }
+
+*/
+
+
+/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+History:
+    V2.8.4 (not yet released)
+      * Add mspace_mmap_large_chunks; thanks to Jean Brouwers
+      * Fix insufficient sys_alloc padding when using 16byte alignment
+      * Fix bad error check in mspace_footprint
+      * Adaptations for ptmalloc, courtesy of Wolfram Gloger.
+      * Reentrant spin locks, courtesy of Earl Chew and others
+      * Win32 improvements, courtesy of Niall Douglas and Earl Chew
+      * Add NO_SEGMENT_TRAVERSAL and MAX_RELEASE_CHECK_RATE options
+      * Extension hook in malloc_state
+      * Various small adjustments to reduce warnings on some compilers
+      * Various configuration extensions/changes for more platforms. Thanks
+	 to all who contributed these.
+
+    V2.8.3 Thu Sep 22 11:16:32 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Add max_footprint functions
+      * Ensure all appropriate literals are size_t
+      * Fix conditional compilation problem for some #define settings
+      * Avoid concatenating segments with the one provided
+	in create_mspace_with_base
+      * Rename some variables to avoid compiler shadowing warnings
+      * Use explicit lock initialization.
+      * Better handling of sbrk interference.
+      * Simplify and fix segment insertion, trimming and mspace_destroy
+      * Reinstate REALLOC_ZERO_BYTES_FREES option from 2.7.x
+      * Thanks especially to Dennis Flanagan for help on these.
+
+    V2.8.2 Sun Jun 12 16:01:10 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fix memalign brace error.
+
+    V2.8.1 Wed Jun  8 16:11:46 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fix improper #endif nesting in C++
+      * Add explicit casts needed for C++
+
+    V2.8.0 Mon May 30 14:09:02 2005  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Use trees for large bins
+      * Support mspaces
+      * Use segments to unify sbrk-based and mmap-based system allocation,
+	removing need for emulation on most platforms without sbrk.
+      * Default safety checks
+      * Optional footer checks. Thanks to William Robertson for the idea.
+      * Internal code refactoring
+      * Incorporate suggestions and platform-specific changes.
+	Thanks to Dennis Flanagan, Colin Plumb, Niall Douglas,
+	Aaron Bachmann,  Emery Berger, and others.
+      * Speed up non-fastbin processing enough to remove fastbins.
+      * Remove useless cfree() to avoid conflicts with other apps.
+      * Remove internal memcpy, memset. Compilers handle builtins better.
+      * Remove some options that no one ever used and rename others.
+
+    V2.7.2 Sat Aug 17 09:07:30 2002  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fix malloc_state bitmap array misdeclaration
+
+    V2.7.1 Thu Jul 25 10:58:03 2002  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Allow tuning of FIRST_SORTED_BIN_SIZE
+      * Use PTR_UINT as type for all ptr->int casts. Thanks to John Belmonte.
+      * Better detection and support for non-contiguousness of MORECORE.
+	Thanks to Andreas Mueller, Conal Walsh, and Wolfram Gloger
+      * Bypass most of malloc if no frees. Thanks To Emery Berger.
+      * Fix freeing of old top non-contiguous chunk im sysmalloc.
+      * Raised default trim and map thresholds to 256K.
+      * Fix mmap-related #defines. Thanks to Lubos Lunak.
+      * Fix copy macros; added LACKS_FCNTL_H. Thanks to Neal Walfield.
+      * Branch-free bin calculation
+      * Default trim and mmap thresholds now 256K.
+
+    V2.7.0 Sun Mar 11 14:14:06 2001  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Introduce independent_comalloc and independent_calloc.
+	Thanks to Michael Pachos for motivation and help.
+      * Make optional .h file available
+      * Allow > 2GB requests on 32bit systems.
+      * new WIN32 sbrk, mmap, munmap, lock code from <Walter@GeNeSys-e.de>.
+	Thanks also to Andreas Mueller <a.mueller at paradatec.de>,
+	and Anonymous.
+      * Allow override of MALLOC_ALIGNMENT (Thanks to Ruud Waij for
+	helping test this.)
+      * memalign: check alignment arg
+      * realloc: don't try to shift chunks backwards, since this
+	leads to  more fragmentation in some programs and doesn't
+	seem to help in any others.
+      * Collect all cases in malloc requiring system memory into sysmalloc
+      * Use mmap as backup to sbrk
+      * Place all internal state in malloc_state
+      * Introduce fastbins (although similar to 2.5.1)
+      * Many minor tunings and cosmetic improvements
+      * Introduce USE_PUBLIC_MALLOC_WRAPPERS, USE_MALLOC_LOCK
+      * Introduce MALLOC_FAILURE_ACTION, MORECORE_CONTIGUOUS
+	Thanks to Tony E. Bennett <tbennett@nvidia.com> and others.
+      * Include errno.h to support default failure action.
+
+    V2.6.6 Sun Dec  5 07:42:19 1999  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * return null for negative arguments
+      * Added Several WIN32 cleanups from Martin C. Fong <mcfong at yahoo.com>
+	 * Add 'LACKS_SYS_PARAM_H' for those systems without 'sys/param.h'
+	  (e.g. WIN32 platforms)
+	 * Cleanup header file inclusion for WIN32 platforms
+	 * Cleanup code to avoid Microsoft Visual C++ compiler complaints
+	 * Add 'USE_DL_PREFIX' to quickly allow co-existence with existing
+	   memory allocation routines
+	 * Set 'malloc_getpagesize' for WIN32 platforms (needs more work)
+	 * Use 'assert' rather than 'ASSERT' in WIN32 code to conform to
+	   usage of 'assert' in non-WIN32 code
+	 * Improve WIN32 'sbrk()' emulation's 'findRegion()' routine to
+	   avoid infinite loop
+      * Always call 'fREe()' rather than 'free()'
+
+    V2.6.5 Wed Jun 17 15:57:31 1998  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Fixed ordering problem with boundary-stamping
+
+    V2.6.3 Sun May 19 08:17:58 1996  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Added pvalloc, as recommended by H.J. Liu
+      * Added 64bit pointer support mainly from Wolfram Gloger
+      * Added anonymously donated WIN32 sbrk emulation
+      * Malloc, calloc, getpagesize: add optimizations from Raymond Nijssen
+      * malloc_extend_top: fix mask error that caused wastage after
+	foreign sbrks
+      * Add linux mremap support code from HJ Liu
+
+    V2.6.2 Tue Dec  5 06:52:55 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Integrated most documentation with the code.
+      * Add support for mmap, with help from
+	Wolfram Gloger (Gloger@lrz.uni-muenchen.de).
+      * Use last_remainder in more cases.
+      * Pack bins using idea from  colin@nyx10.cs.du.edu
+      * Use ordered bins instead of best-fit threshhold
+      * Eliminate block-local decls to simplify tracing and debugging.
+      * Support another case of realloc via move into top
+      * Fix error occuring when initial sbrk_base not word-aligned.
+      * Rely on page size for units instead of SBRK_UNIT to
+	avoid surprises about sbrk alignment conventions.
+      * Add mallinfo, mallopt. Thanks to Raymond Nijssen
+	(raymond@es.ele.tue.nl) for the suggestion.
+      * Add `pad' argument to malloc_trim and top_pad mallopt parameter.
+      * More precautions for cases where other routines call sbrk,
+	courtesy of Wolfram Gloger (Gloger@lrz.uni-muenchen.de).
+      * Added macros etc., allowing use in linux libc from
+	H.J. Lu (hjl@gnu.ai.mit.edu)
+      * Inverted this history list
+
+    V2.6.1 Sat Dec  2 14:10:57 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Re-tuned and fixed to behave more nicely with V2.6.0 changes.
+      * Removed all preallocation code since under current scheme
+	the work required to undo bad preallocations exceeds
+	the work saved in good cases for most test programs.
+      * No longer use return list or unconsolidated bins since
+	no scheme using them consistently outperforms those that don't
+	given above changes.
+      * Use best fit for very large chunks to prevent some worst-cases.
+      * Added some support for debugging
+
+    V2.6.0 Sat Nov  4 07:05:23 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Removed footers when chunks are in use. Thanks to
+	Paul Wilson (wilson@cs.texas.edu) for the suggestion.
+
+    V2.5.4 Wed Nov  1 07:54:51 1995  Doug Lea  (dl at gee)
+      * Added malloc_trim, with help from Wolfram Gloger
+	(wmglo@Dent.MED.Uni-Muenchen.DE).
+
+    V2.5.3 Tue Apr 26 10:16:01 1994  Doug Lea  (dl at g)
+
+    V2.5.2 Tue Apr  5 16:20:40 1994  Doug Lea  (dl at g)
+      * realloc: try to expand in both directions
+      * malloc: swap order of clean-bin strategy;
+      * realloc: only conditionally expand backwards
+      * Try not to scavenge used bins
+      * Use bin counts as a guide to preallocation
+      * Occasionally bin return list chunks in first scan
+      * Add a few optimizations from colin@nyx10.cs.du.edu
+
+    V2.5.1 Sat Aug 14 15:40:43 1993  Doug Lea  (dl at g)
+      * faster bin computation & slightly different binning
+      * merged all consolidations to one part of malloc proper
+	 (eliminating old malloc_find_space & malloc_clean_bin)
+      * Scan 2 returns chunks (not just 1)
+      * Propagate failure in realloc if malloc returns 0
+      * Add stuff to allow compilation on non-ANSI compilers
+	  from kpv@research.att.com
+
+    V2.5 Sat Aug  7 07:41:59 1993  Doug Lea  (dl at g.oswego.edu)
+      * removed potential for odd address access in prev_chunk
+      * removed dependency on getpagesize.h
+      * misc cosmetics and a bit more internal documentation
+      * anticosmetics: mangled names in macros to evade debugger strangeness
+      * tested on sparc, hp-700, dec-mips, rs6000
+	  with gcc & native cc (hp, dec only) allowing
+	  Detlefs & Zorn comparison study (in SIGPLAN Notices.)
+
+    Trial version Fri Aug 28 13:14:29 1992  Doug Lea  (dl at g.oswego.edu)
+      * Based loosely on libg++-1.2X malloc. (It retains some of the overall
+	 structure of old version,  but most details differ.)
+
+*/
+
+
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d9a17a805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,966 @@
+/* Alternative malloc implementation for multiple threads without
+lock contention based on dlmalloc. (C) 2005-2006 Niall Douglas
+
+Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+/* Enable full aliasing on MSVC */
+/*#pragma optimize("a", on)*/
+#endif
+
+/*#define FULLSANITYCHECKS*/
+
+#include "nedmalloc.h"
+#if defined(WIN32)
+ #include <malloc.h>
+#endif
+#define MSPACES 1
+#define ONLY_MSPACES 1
+#ifndef USE_LOCKS
+ #define USE_LOCKS 1
+#endif
+#define FOOTERS 1           /* Need to enable footers so frees lock the right mspace */
+#undef DEBUG				/* dlmalloc wants DEBUG either 0 or 1 */
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+ #define DEBUG 1
+#else
+ #define DEBUG 0
+#endif
+#ifdef NDEBUG               /* Disable assert checking on release builds */
+ #undef DEBUG
+#endif
+/* The default of 64Kb means we spend too much time kernel-side */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_GRANULARITY
+#define DEFAULT_GRANULARITY (1*1024*1024)
+#endif
+/*#define USE_SPIN_LOCKS 0*/
+
+
+/*#define FORCEINLINE*/
+#include "malloc.c.h"
+#ifdef NDEBUG               /* Disable assert checking on release builds */
+ #undef DEBUG
+#endif
+
+/* The maximum concurrent threads in a pool possible */
+#ifndef MAXTHREADSINPOOL
+#define MAXTHREADSINPOOL 16
+#endif
+/* The maximum number of threadcaches which can be allocated */
+#ifndef THREADCACHEMAXCACHES
+#define THREADCACHEMAXCACHES 256
+#endif
+/* The maximum size to be allocated from the thread cache */
+#ifndef THREADCACHEMAX
+#define THREADCACHEMAX 8192
+#endif
+#if 0
+/* The number of cache entries for finer grained bins. This is (topbitpos(THREADCACHEMAX)-4)*2 */
+#define THREADCACHEMAXBINS ((13-4)*2)
+#else
+/* The number of cache entries. This is (topbitpos(THREADCACHEMAX)-4) */
+#define THREADCACHEMAXBINS (13-4)
+#endif
+/* Point at which the free space in a thread cache is garbage collected */
+#ifndef THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE
+#define THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE (512*1024)
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+ #define TLSVAR			DWORD
+ #define TLSALLOC(k)	(*(k)=TlsAlloc(), TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES==*(k))
+ #define TLSFREE(k)		(!TlsFree(k))
+ #define TLSGET(k)		TlsGetValue(k)
+ #define TLSSET(k, a)	(!TlsSetValue(k, a))
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+static LPVOID ChkedTlsGetValue(DWORD idx)
+{
+	LPVOID ret=TlsGetValue(idx);
+	assert(S_OK==GetLastError());
+	return ret;
+}
+  #undef TLSGET
+  #define TLSGET(k) ChkedTlsGetValue(k)
+ #endif
+#else
+ #define TLSVAR			pthread_key_t
+ #define TLSALLOC(k)	pthread_key_create(k, 0)
+ #define TLSFREE(k)		pthread_key_delete(k)
+ #define TLSGET(k)		pthread_getspecific(k)
+ #define TLSSET(k, a)	pthread_setspecific(k, a)
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+/* Only enable if testing with valgrind. Causes misoperation */
+#define mspace_malloc(p, s) malloc(s)
+#define mspace_realloc(p, m, s) realloc(m, s)
+#define mspace_calloc(p, n, s) calloc(n, s)
+#define mspace_free(p, m) free(m)
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#if !defined(NO_NED_NAMESPACE)
+namespace nedalloc {
+#else
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+#endif
+
+size_t nedblksize(void *mem) THROWSPEC
+{
+#if 0
+	/* Only enable if testing with valgrind. Causes misoperation */
+	return THREADCACHEMAX;
+#else
+	if(mem)
+	{
+		mchunkptr p=mem2chunk(mem);
+		assert(cinuse(p));	/* If this fails, someone tried to free a block twice */
+		if(cinuse(p))
+			return chunksize(p)-overhead_for(p);
+	}
+	return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+void nedsetvalue(void *v) THROWSPEC					{ nedpsetvalue(0, v); }
+void * nedmalloc(size_t size) THROWSPEC				{ return nedpmalloc(0, size); }
+void * nedcalloc(size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpcalloc(0, no, size); }
+void * nedrealloc(void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC	{ return nedprealloc(0, mem, size); }
+void   nedfree(void *mem) THROWSPEC					{ nedpfree(0, mem); }
+void * nedmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC { return nedpmemalign(0, alignment, bytes); }
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo nedmallinfo(void) THROWSPEC			{ return nedpmallinfo(0); }
+#endif
+int    nedmallopt(int parno, int value) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpmallopt(0, parno, value); }
+int    nedmalloc_trim(size_t pad) THROWSPEC			{ return nedpmalloc_trim(0, pad); }
+void   nedmalloc_stats() THROWSPEC					{ nedpmalloc_stats(0); }
+size_t nedmalloc_footprint() THROWSPEC				{ return nedpmalloc_footprint(0); }
+void **nedindependent_calloc(size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpindependent_calloc(0, elemsno, elemsize, chunks); }
+void **nedindependent_comalloc(size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC	{ return nedpindependent_comalloc(0, elems, sizes, chunks); }
+
+struct threadcacheblk_t;
+typedef struct threadcacheblk_t threadcacheblk;
+struct threadcacheblk_t
+{	/* Keep less than 16 bytes on 32 bit systems and 32 bytes on 64 bit systems */
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	unsigned int magic;
+#endif
+	unsigned int lastUsed, size;
+	threadcacheblk *next, *prev;
+};
+typedef struct threadcache_t
+{
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	unsigned int magic1;
+#endif
+	int mymspace;						/* Last mspace entry this thread used */
+	long threadid;
+	unsigned int mallocs, frees, successes;
+	size_t freeInCache;					/* How much free space is stored in this cache */
+	threadcacheblk *bins[(THREADCACHEMAXBINS+1)*2];
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	unsigned int magic2;
+#endif
+} threadcache;
+struct nedpool_t
+{
+	MLOCK_T mutex;
+	void *uservalue;
+	int threads;						/* Max entries in m to use */
+	threadcache *caches[THREADCACHEMAXCACHES];
+	TLSVAR mycache;						/* Thread cache for this thread. 0 for unset, negative for use mspace-1 directly, otherwise is cache-1 */
+	mstate m[MAXTHREADSINPOOL+1];		/* mspace entries for this pool */
+};
+static nedpool syspool;
+
+static FORCEINLINE unsigned int size2binidx(size_t _size) THROWSPEC
+{	/* 8=1000	16=10000	20=10100	24=11000	32=100000	48=110000	4096=1000000000000 */
+	unsigned int topbit, size=(unsigned int)(_size>>4);
+	/* 16=1		20=1	24=1	32=10	48=11	64=100	96=110	128=1000	4096=100000000 */
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+	topbit = sizeof(size)*__CHAR_BIT__ - 1 - __builtin_clz(size);
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1300
+	{
+	    unsigned long bsrTopBit;
+
+	    _BitScanReverse(&bsrTopBit, size);
+
+	    topbit = bsrTopBit;
+	}
+#else
+#if 0
+	union {
+		unsigned asInt[2];
+		double asDouble;
+	};
+	int n;
+
+	asDouble = (double)size + 0.5;
+	topbit = (asInt[!FOX_BIGENDIAN] >> 20) - 1023;
+#else
+	{
+		unsigned int x=size;
+		x = x | (x >> 1);
+		x = x | (x >> 2);
+		x = x | (x >> 4);
+		x = x | (x >> 8);
+		x = x | (x >>16);
+		x = ~x;
+		x = x - ((x >> 1) & 0x55555555);
+		x = (x & 0x33333333) + ((x >> 2) & 0x33333333);
+		x = (x + (x >> 4)) & 0x0F0F0F0F;
+		x = x + (x << 8);
+		x = x + (x << 16);
+		topbit=31 - (x >> 24);
+	}
+#endif
+#endif
+	return topbit;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+static void tcsanitycheck(threadcacheblk **ptr) THROWSPEC
+{
+	assert((ptr[0] && ptr[1]) || (!ptr[0] && !ptr[1]));
+	if(ptr[0] && ptr[1])
+	{
+		assert(nedblksize(ptr[0])>=sizeof(threadcacheblk));
+		assert(nedblksize(ptr[1])>=sizeof(threadcacheblk));
+		assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==ptr[0]->magic);
+		assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==ptr[1]->magic);
+		assert(!ptr[0]->prev);
+		assert(!ptr[1]->next);
+		if(ptr[0]==ptr[1])
+		{
+			assert(!ptr[0]->next);
+			assert(!ptr[1]->prev);
+		}
+	}
+}
+static void tcfullsanitycheck(threadcache *tc) THROWSPEC
+{
+	threadcacheblk **tcbptr=tc->bins;
+	int n;
+	for(n=0; n<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS; n++, tcbptr+=2)
+	{
+		threadcacheblk *b, *ob=0;
+		tcsanitycheck(tcbptr);
+		for(b=tcbptr[0]; b; ob=b, b=b->next)
+		{
+			assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==b->magic);
+			assert(!ob || ob->next==b);
+			assert(!ob || b->prev==ob);
+		}
+	}
+}
+#endif
+
+static NOINLINE void RemoveCacheEntries(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, unsigned int age) THROWSPEC
+{
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	if(tc->freeInCache)
+	{
+		threadcacheblk **tcbptr=tc->bins;
+		int n;
+		for(n=0; n<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS; n++, tcbptr+=2)
+		{
+			threadcacheblk **tcb=tcbptr+1;		/* come from oldest end of list */
+			/*tcsanitycheck(tcbptr);*/
+			for(; *tcb && tc->frees-(*tcb)->lastUsed>=age; )
+			{
+				threadcacheblk *f=*tcb;
+				size_t blksize=f->size; /*nedblksize(f);*/
+				assert(blksize<=nedblksize(f));
+				assert(blksize);
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+				assert(*(unsigned int *) "NEDN"==(*tcb)->magic);
+#endif
+				*tcb=(*tcb)->prev;
+				if(*tcb)
+					(*tcb)->next=0;
+				else
+					*tcbptr=0;
+				tc->freeInCache-=blksize;
+				assert((long) tc->freeInCache>=0);
+				mspace_free(0, f);
+				/*tcsanitycheck(tcbptr);*/
+			}
+		}
+	}
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+}
+static void DestroyCaches(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	if(p->caches)
+	{
+		threadcache *tc;
+		int n;
+		for(n=0; n<THREADCACHEMAXCACHES; n++)
+		{
+			if((tc=p->caches[n]))
+			{
+				tc->frees++;
+				RemoveCacheEntries(p, tc, 0);
+				assert(!tc->freeInCache);
+				tc->mymspace=-1;
+				tc->threadid=0;
+				mspace_free(0, tc);
+				p->caches[n]=0;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static NOINLINE threadcache *AllocCache(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	threadcache *tc=0;
+	int n, end;
+	ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	for(n=0; n<THREADCACHEMAXCACHES && p->caches[n]; n++);
+	if(THREADCACHEMAXCACHES==n)
+	{	/* List exhausted, so disable for this thread */
+		RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	tc=p->caches[n]=(threadcache *) mspace_calloc(p->m[0], 1, sizeof(threadcache));
+	if(!tc)
+	{
+		RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		return 0;
+	}
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tc->magic1=*(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC1";
+	tc->magic2=*(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC2";
+#endif
+	tc->threadid=(long)(size_t)CURRENT_THREAD;
+	for(end=0; p->m[end]; end++);
+	tc->mymspace=tc->threadid % end;
+	RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)(size_t)(n+1))) abort();
+	return tc;
+}
+
+static void *threadcache_malloc(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, size_t *size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret=0;
+	unsigned int bestsize;
+	unsigned int idx=size2binidx(*size);
+	size_t blksize=0;
+	threadcacheblk *blk, **binsptr;
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	/* Calculate best fit bin size */
+	bestsize=1<<(idx+4);
+#if 0
+	/* Finer grained bin fit */
+	idx<<=1;
+	if(*size>bestsize)
+	{
+		idx++;
+		bestsize+=bestsize>>1;
+	}
+	if(*size>bestsize)
+	{
+		idx++;
+		bestsize=1<<(4+(idx>>1));
+	}
+#else
+	if(*size>bestsize)
+	{
+		idx++;
+		bestsize<<=1;
+	}
+#endif
+	assert(bestsize>=*size);
+	if(*size<bestsize) *size=bestsize;
+	assert(*size<=THREADCACHEMAX);
+	assert(idx<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS);
+	binsptr=&tc->bins[idx*2];
+	/* Try to match close, but move up a bin if necessary */
+	blk=*binsptr;
+	if(!blk || blk->size<*size)
+	{	/* Bump it up a bin */
+		if(idx<THREADCACHEMAXBINS)
+		{
+			idx++;
+			binsptr+=2;
+			blk=*binsptr;
+		}
+	}
+	if(blk)
+	{
+		blksize=blk->size; /*nedblksize(blk);*/
+		assert(nedblksize(blk)>=blksize);
+		assert(blksize>=*size);
+		if(blk->next)
+			blk->next->prev=0;
+		*binsptr=blk->next;
+		if(!*binsptr)
+			binsptr[1]=0;
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+		blk->magic=0;
+#endif
+		assert(binsptr[0]!=blk && binsptr[1]!=blk);
+		assert(nedblksize(blk)>=sizeof(threadcacheblk) && nedblksize(blk)<=THREADCACHEMAX+CHUNK_OVERHEAD);
+		/*printf("malloc: %p, %p, %p, %lu\n", p, tc, blk, (long) size);*/
+		ret=(void *) blk;
+	}
+	++tc->mallocs;
+	if(ret)
+	{
+		assert(blksize>=*size);
+		++tc->successes;
+		tc->freeInCache-=blksize;
+		assert((long) tc->freeInCache>=0);
+	}
+#if defined(DEBUG) && 0
+	if(!(tc->mallocs & 0xfff))
+	{
+		printf("*** threadcache=%u, mallocs=%u (%f), free=%u (%f), freeInCache=%u\n", (unsigned int) tc->threadid, tc->mallocs,
+			(float) tc->successes/tc->mallocs, tc->frees, (float) tc->successes/tc->frees, (unsigned int) tc->freeInCache);
+	}
+#endif
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+static NOINLINE void ReleaseFreeInCache(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int mymspace) THROWSPEC
+{
+	unsigned int age=THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE/8192;
+	/*ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex);*/
+	while(age && tc->freeInCache>=THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE)
+	{
+		RemoveCacheEntries(p, tc, age);
+		/*printf("*** Removing cache entries older than %u (%u)\n", age, (unsigned int) tc->freeInCache);*/
+		age>>=1;
+	}
+	/*RELEASE_LOCK(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex);*/
+}
+static void threadcache_free(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int mymspace, void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	unsigned int bestsize;
+	unsigned int idx=size2binidx(size);
+	threadcacheblk **binsptr, *tck=(threadcacheblk *) mem;
+	assert(size>=sizeof(threadcacheblk) && size<=THREADCACHEMAX+CHUNK_OVERHEAD);
+#ifdef DEBUG
+	{	/* Make sure this is a valid memory block */
+	    mchunkptr p  = mem2chunk(mem);
+	    mstate fm = get_mstate_for(p);
+	    if (!ok_magic(fm)) {
+	      USAGE_ERROR_ACTION(fm, p);
+	      return;
+	    }
+	}
+#endif
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+	/* Calculate best fit bin size */
+	bestsize=1<<(idx+4);
+#if 0
+	/* Finer grained bin fit */
+	idx<<=1;
+	if(size>bestsize)
+	{
+		unsigned int biggerbestsize=bestsize+bestsize<<1;
+		if(size>=biggerbestsize)
+		{
+			idx++;
+			bestsize=biggerbestsize;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	if(bestsize!=size)	/* dlmalloc can round up, so we round down to preserve indexing */
+		size=bestsize;
+	binsptr=&tc->bins[idx*2];
+	assert(idx<=THREADCACHEMAXBINS);
+	if(tck==*binsptr)
+	{
+		fprintf(stderr, "Attempt to free already freed memory block %p - aborting!\n", tck);
+		abort();
+	}
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tck->magic=*(unsigned int *) "NEDN";
+#endif
+	tck->lastUsed=++tc->frees;
+	tck->size=(unsigned int) size;
+	tck->next=*binsptr;
+	tck->prev=0;
+	if(tck->next)
+		tck->next->prev=tck;
+	else
+		binsptr[1]=tck;
+	assert(!*binsptr || (*binsptr)->size==tck->size);
+	*binsptr=tck;
+	assert(tck==tc->bins[idx*2]);
+	assert(tc->bins[idx*2+1]==tck || binsptr[0]->next->prev==tck);
+	/*printf("free: %p, %p, %p, %lu\n", p, tc, mem, (long) size);*/
+	tc->freeInCache+=size;
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	tcfullsanitycheck(tc);
+#endif
+#if 1
+	if(tc->freeInCache>=THREADCACHEMAXFREESPACE)
+		ReleaseFreeInCache(p, tc, mymspace);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+
+
+static NOINLINE int InitPool(nedpool *p, size_t capacity, int threads) THROWSPEC
+{	/* threads is -1 for system pool */
+	ensure_initialization();
+	ACQUIRE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	if(p->threads) goto done;
+	if(INITIAL_LOCK(&p->mutex)) goto err;
+	if(TLSALLOC(&p->mycache)) goto err;
+	if(!(p->m[0]=(mstate) create_mspace(capacity, 1))) goto err;
+	p->m[0]->extp=p;
+	p->threads=(threads<1 || threads>MAXTHREADSINPOOL) ? MAXTHREADSINPOOL : threads;
+done:
+	RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	return 1;
+err:
+	if(threads<0)
+		abort();			/* If you can't allocate for system pool, we're screwed */
+	DestroyCaches(p);
+	if(p->m[0])
+	{
+		destroy_mspace(p->m[0]);
+		p->m[0]=0;
+	}
+	if(p->mycache)
+	{
+		if(TLSFREE(p->mycache)) abort();
+		p->mycache=0;
+	}
+	RELEASE_MALLOC_GLOBAL_LOCK();
+	return 0;
+}
+static NOINLINE mstate FindMSpace(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int *lastUsed, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{	/* Gets called when thread's last used mspace is in use. The strategy
+	is to run through the list of all available mspaces looking for an
+	unlocked one and if we fail, we create a new one so long as we don't
+	exceed p->threads */
+	int n, end;
+	for(n=end=*lastUsed+1; p->m[n]; end=++n)
+	{
+		if(TRY_LOCK(&p->m[n]->mutex)) goto found;
+	}
+	for(n=0; n<*lastUsed && p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		if(TRY_LOCK(&p->m[n]->mutex)) goto found;
+	}
+	if(end<p->threads)
+	{
+		mstate temp;
+		if(!(temp=(mstate) create_mspace(size, 1)))
+			goto badexit;
+		/* Now we're ready to modify the lists, we lock */
+		ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		while(p->m[end] && end<p->threads)
+			end++;
+		if(end>=p->threads)
+		{	/* Drat, must destroy it now */
+			RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+			destroy_mspace((mspace) temp);
+			goto badexit;
+		}
+		/* We really want to make sure this goes into memory now but we
+		have to be careful of breaking aliasing rules, so write it twice */
+		*((volatile struct malloc_state **) &p->m[end])=p->m[end]=temp;
+		ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->m[end]->mutex);
+		/*printf("Created mspace idx %d\n", end);*/
+		RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+		n=end;
+		goto found;
+	}
+	/* Let it lock on the last one it used */
+badexit:
+	ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->m[*lastUsed]->mutex);
+	return p->m[*lastUsed];
+found:
+	*lastUsed=n;
+	if(tc)
+		tc->mymspace=n;
+	else
+	{
+		if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)(size_t)(-(n+1)))) abort();
+	}
+	return p->m[n];
+}
+
+nedpool *nedcreatepool(size_t capacity, int threads) THROWSPEC
+{
+	nedpool *ret;
+	if(!(ret=(nedpool *) nedpcalloc(0, 1, sizeof(nedpool)))) return 0;
+	if(!InitPool(ret, capacity, threads))
+	{
+		nedpfree(0, ret);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void neddestroypool(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n;
+	ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	DestroyCaches(p);
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		destroy_mspace(p->m[n]);
+		p->m[n]=0;
+	}
+	RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
+	if(TLSFREE(p->mycache)) abort();
+	nedpfree(0, p);
+}
+
+void nedpsetvalue(nedpool *p, void *v) THROWSPEC
+{
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	p->uservalue=v;
+}
+void *nedgetvalue(nedpool **p, void *mem) THROWSPEC
+{
+	nedpool *np=0;
+	mchunkptr mcp=mem2chunk(mem);
+	mstate fm;
+	if(!(is_aligned(chunk2mem(mcp))) && mcp->head != FENCEPOST_HEAD) return 0;
+	if(!cinuse(mcp)) return 0;
+	if(!next_pinuse(mcp)) return 0;
+	if(!is_mmapped(mcp) && !pinuse(mcp))
+	{
+		if(next_chunk(prev_chunk(mcp))!=mcp) return 0;
+	}
+	fm=get_mstate_for(mcp);
+	if(!ok_magic(fm)) return 0;
+	if(!ok_address(fm, mcp)) return 0;
+	if(!fm->extp) return 0;
+	np=(nedpool *) fm->extp;
+	if(p) *p=np;
+	return np->uservalue;
+}
+
+void neddisablethreadcache(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int mycache;
+	if(!p)
+	{
+		p=&syspool;
+		if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1);
+	}
+	mycache=(int)(size_t) TLSGET(p->mycache);
+	if(!mycache)
+	{	/* Set to mspace 0 */
+		if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)-1)) abort();
+	}
+	else if(mycache>0)
+	{	/* Set to last used mspace */
+		threadcache *tc=p->caches[mycache-1];
+#if defined(DEBUG)
+		printf("Threadcache utilisation: %lf%% in cache with %lf%% lost to other threads\n",
+			100.0*tc->successes/tc->mallocs, 100.0*((double) tc->mallocs-tc->frees)/tc->mallocs);
+#endif
+		if(TLSSET(p->mycache, (void *)(size_t)(-tc->mymspace))) abort();
+		tc->frees++;
+		RemoveCacheEntries(p, tc, 0);
+		assert(!tc->freeInCache);
+		tc->mymspace=-1;
+		tc->threadid=0;
+		mspace_free(0, p->caches[mycache-1]);
+		p->caches[mycache-1]=0;
+	}
+}
+
+#define GETMSPACE(m,p,tc,ms,s,action)           \
+  do                                            \
+  {                                             \
+    mstate m = GetMSpace((p),(tc),(ms),(s));    \
+    action;                                     \
+    RELEASE_LOCK(&m->mutex);                    \
+  } while (0)
+
+static FORCEINLINE mstate GetMSpace(nedpool *p, threadcache *tc, int mymspace, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{	/* Returns a locked and ready for use mspace */
+	mstate m=p->m[mymspace];
+	assert(m);
+	if(!TRY_LOCK(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex)) m=FindMSpace(p, tc, &mymspace, size);\
+	/*assert(IS_LOCKED(&p->m[mymspace]->mutex));*/
+	return m;
+}
+static FORCEINLINE void GetThreadCache(nedpool **p, threadcache **tc, int *mymspace, size_t *size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int mycache;
+	if(size && *size<sizeof(threadcacheblk)) *size=sizeof(threadcacheblk);
+	if(!*p)
+	{
+		*p=&syspool;
+		if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1);
+	}
+	mycache=(int)(size_t) TLSGET((*p)->mycache);
+	if(mycache>0)
+	{
+		*tc=(*p)->caches[mycache-1];
+		*mymspace=(*tc)->mymspace;
+	}
+	else if(!mycache)
+	{
+		*tc=AllocCache(*p);
+		if(!*tc)
+		{	/* Disable */
+			if(TLSSET((*p)->mycache, (void *)-1)) abort();
+			*mymspace=0;
+		}
+		else
+			*mymspace=(*tc)->mymspace;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		*tc=0;
+		*mymspace=-mycache-1;
+	}
+	assert(*mymspace>=0);
+	assert((long)(size_t)CURRENT_THREAD==(*tc)->threadid);
+#ifdef FULLSANITYCHECKS
+	if(*tc)
+	{
+		if(*(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC1"!=(*tc)->magic1 || *(unsigned int *)"NEDMALC2"!=(*tc)->magic2)
+		{
+			abort();
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+void * nedpmalloc(nedpool *p, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret=0;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &size);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	if(tc && size<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+	{	/* Use the thread cache */
+		ret=threadcache_malloc(p, tc, &size);
+	}
+#endif
+	if(!ret)
+	{	/* Use this thread's mspace */
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, size,
+		  ret=mspace_malloc(m, size));
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void * nedpcalloc(nedpool *p, size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	size_t rsize=size*no;
+	void *ret=0;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &rsize);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	if(tc && rsize<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+	{	/* Use the thread cache */
+		if((ret=threadcache_malloc(p, tc, &rsize)))
+			memset(ret, 0, rsize);
+	}
+#endif
+	if(!ret)
+	{	/* Use this thread's mspace */
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, rsize,
+		  ret=mspace_calloc(m, 1, rsize));
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void * nedprealloc(nedpool *p, void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret=0;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	if(!mem) return nedpmalloc(p, size);
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &size);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	if(tc && size && size<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+	{	/* Use the thread cache */
+		size_t memsize=nedblksize(mem);
+		assert(memsize);
+		if((ret=threadcache_malloc(p, tc, &size)))
+		{
+			memcpy(ret, mem, memsize<size ? memsize : size);
+			if(memsize<=THREADCACHEMAX)
+				threadcache_free(p, tc, mymspace, mem, memsize);
+			else
+				mspace_free(0, mem);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	if(!ret)
+	{	/* Reallocs always happen in the mspace they happened in, so skip
+		locking the preferred mspace for this thread */
+		ret=mspace_realloc(0, mem, size);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void   nedpfree(nedpool *p, void *mem) THROWSPEC
+{	/* Frees always happen in the mspace they happened in, so skip
+	locking the preferred mspace for this thread */
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	size_t memsize;
+	assert(mem);
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, 0);
+#if THREADCACHEMAX
+	memsize=nedblksize(mem);
+	assert(memsize);
+	if(mem && tc && memsize<=(THREADCACHEMAX+CHUNK_OVERHEAD))
+		threadcache_free(p, tc, mymspace, mem, memsize);
+	else
+#endif
+		mspace_free(0, mem);
+}
+void * nedpmemalign(nedpool *p, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void *ret;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &bytes);
+	{	/* Use this thread's mspace */
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, bytes,
+		  ret=mspace_memalign(m, alignment, bytes));
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo nedpmallinfo(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n;
+	struct mallinfo ret={0};
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		struct mallinfo t=mspace_mallinfo(p->m[n]);
+		ret.arena+=t.arena;
+		ret.ordblks+=t.ordblks;
+		ret.hblkhd+=t.hblkhd;
+		ret.usmblks+=t.usmblks;
+		ret.uordblks+=t.uordblks;
+		ret.fordblks+=t.fordblks;
+		ret.keepcost+=t.keepcost;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+#endif
+int    nedpmallopt(nedpool *p, int parno, int value) THROWSPEC
+{
+	return mspace_mallopt(parno, value);
+}
+int    nedpmalloc_trim(nedpool *p, size_t pad) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n, ret=0;
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		ret+=mspace_trim(p->m[n], pad);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void   nedpmalloc_stats(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	int n;
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		mspace_malloc_stats(p->m[n]);
+	}
+}
+size_t nedpmalloc_footprint(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC
+{
+	size_t ret=0;
+	int n;
+	if(!p) { p=&syspool; if(!syspool.threads) InitPool(&syspool, 0, -1); }
+	for(n=0; p->m[n]; n++)
+	{
+		ret+=mspace_footprint(p->m[n]);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+void **nedpindependent_calloc(nedpool *p, size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void **ret;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, &elemsize);
+    GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, elemsno*elemsize,
+	      ret=mspace_independent_calloc(m, elemsno, elemsize, chunks));
+	return ret;
+}
+void **nedpindependent_comalloc(nedpool *p, size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC
+{
+	void **ret;
+	threadcache *tc;
+	int mymspace;
+    size_t i, *adjustedsizes=(size_t *) alloca(elems*sizeof(size_t));
+    if(!adjustedsizes) return 0;
+    for(i=0; i<elems; i++)
+	adjustedsizes[i]=sizes[i]<sizeof(threadcacheblk) ? sizeof(threadcacheblk) : sizes[i];
+	GetThreadCache(&p, &tc, &mymspace, 0);
+	GETMSPACE(m, p, tc, mymspace, 0,
+	      ret=mspace_independent_comalloc(m, elems, adjustedsizes, chunks));
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef OVERRIDE_STRDUP
+/*
+ * This implementation is purely there to override the libc version, to
+ * avoid a crash due to allocation and free on different 'heaps'.
+ */
+char *strdup(const char *s1)
+{
+	char *s2 = 0;
+	if (s1) {
+		s2 = malloc(strlen(s1) + 1);
+		strcpy(s2, s1);
+	}
+	return s2;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.h b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f960e6606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/* nedalloc, an alternative malloc implementation for multiple threads without
+lock contention based on dlmalloc v2.8.3. (C) 2005 Niall Douglas
+
+Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef NEDMALLOC_H
+#define NEDMALLOC_H
+
+
+/* See malloc.c.h for what each function does.
+
+REPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR causes nedalloc's functions to be called malloc,
+free etc. instead of nedmalloc, nedfree etc. You may or may not want this.
+
+NO_NED_NAMESPACE prevents the functions from being defined in the nedalloc
+namespace when in C++ (uses the global namespace instead).
+
+EXTSPEC can be defined to be __declspec(dllexport) or
+__attribute__ ((visibility("default"))) or whatever you like. It defaults
+to extern.
+
+USE_LOCKS can be 2 if you want to define your own MLOCK_T, INITIAL_LOCK,
+ACQUIRE_LOCK, RELEASE_LOCK, TRY_LOCK, IS_LOCKED and NULL_LOCK_INITIALIZER.
+
+*/
+
+#include <stddef.h>   /* for size_t */
+
+#ifndef EXTSPEC
+ #define EXTSPEC extern
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER>=1400
+ #define MALLOCATTR __declspec(restrict)
+#endif
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+ #define MALLOCATTR __attribute__ ((malloc))
+#endif
+#ifndef MALLOCATTR
+ #define MALLOCATTR
+#endif
+
+#ifdef REPLACE_SYSTEM_ALLOCATOR
+ #define nedmalloc               malloc
+ #define nedcalloc               calloc
+ #define nedrealloc              realloc
+ #define nedfree                 free
+ #define nedmemalign             memalign
+ #define nedmallinfo             mallinfo
+ #define nedmallopt              mallopt
+ #define nedmalloc_trim          malloc_trim
+ #define nedmalloc_stats         malloc_stats
+ #define nedmalloc_footprint     malloc_footprint
+ #define nedindependent_calloc   independent_calloc
+ #define nedindependent_comalloc independent_comalloc
+ #ifdef _MSC_VER
+  #define nedblksize              _msize
+ #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_MALLINFO
+#define NO_MALLINFO 0
+#endif
+
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+struct mallinfo;
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+ #if !defined(NO_NED_NAMESPACE)
+namespace nedalloc {
+ #else
+extern "C" {
+ #endif
+ #define THROWSPEC throw()
+#else
+ #define THROWSPEC
+#endif
+
+/* These are the global functions */
+
+/* Gets the usable size of an allocated block. Note this will always be bigger than what was
+asked for due to rounding etc.
+*/
+EXTSPEC size_t nedblksize(void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+
+EXTSPEC void nedsetvalue(void *v) THROWSPEC;
+
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedmalloc(size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedcalloc(size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedrealloc(void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedfree(void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC;
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+EXTSPEC struct mallinfo nedmallinfo(void) THROWSPEC;
+#endif
+EXTSPEC int    nedmallopt(int parno, int value) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC int    nedmalloc_trim(size_t pad) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedmalloc_stats(void) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC size_t nedmalloc_footprint(void) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedindependent_calloc(size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedindependent_comalloc(size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* These are the pool functions */
+struct nedpool_t;
+typedef struct nedpool_t nedpool;
+
+/* Creates a memory pool for use with the nedp* functions below.
+Capacity is how much to allocate immediately (if you know you'll be allocating a lot
+of memory very soon) which you can leave at zero. Threads specifies how many threads
+will *normally* be accessing the pool concurrently. Setting this to zero means it
+extends on demand, but be careful of this as it can rapidly consume system resources
+where bursts of concurrent threads use a pool at once.
+*/
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR nedpool *nedcreatepool(size_t capacity, int threads) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* Destroys a memory pool previously created by nedcreatepool().
+*/
+EXTSPEC void neddestroypool(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* Sets a value to be associated with a pool. You can retrieve this value by passing
+any memory block allocated from that pool.
+*/
+EXTSPEC void nedpsetvalue(nedpool *p, void *v) THROWSPEC;
+/* Gets a previously set value using nedpsetvalue() or zero if memory is unknown.
+Optionally can also retrieve pool.
+*/
+EXTSPEC void *nedgetvalue(nedpool **p, void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+
+/* Disables the thread cache for the calling thread, returning any existing cache
+data to the central pool.
+*/
+EXTSPEC void neddisablethreadcache(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedpmalloc(nedpool *p, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedpcalloc(nedpool *p, size_t no, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedprealloc(nedpool *p, void *mem, size_t size) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedpfree(nedpool *p, void *mem) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void * nedpmemalign(nedpool *p, size_t alignment, size_t bytes) THROWSPEC;
+#if !NO_MALLINFO
+EXTSPEC struct mallinfo nedpmallinfo(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+#endif
+EXTSPEC int    nedpmallopt(nedpool *p, int parno, int value) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC int    nedpmalloc_trim(nedpool *p, size_t pad) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC void   nedpmalloc_stats(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC size_t nedpmalloc_footprint(nedpool *p) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedpindependent_calloc(nedpool *p, size_t elemsno, size_t elemsize, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+EXTSPEC MALLOCATTR void **nedpindependent_comalloc(nedpool *p, size_t elems, size_t *sizes, void **chunks) THROWSPEC;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
+
+#undef MALLOCATTR
+#undef EXTSPEC
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/regex/regex.c b/compat/regex/regex.c
index 87b33e466..67d5c370a 100644
--- a/compat/regex/regex.c
+++ b/compat/regex/regex.c
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ regex_compile (pattern, size, syntax, bufp)
      they can be reliably used as array indices.  */
   register unsigned char c, c1;
 
-  /* A random tempory spot in PATTERN.  */
+  /* A random temporary spot in PATTERN.  */
   const char *p1;
 
   /* Points to the end of the buffer, where we should append.  */
@@ -1796,7 +1796,7 @@ regex_compile (pattern, size, syntax, bufp)
 		    we're all done, the pattern will look like:
 		      set_number_at <jump count> <upper bound>
 		      set_number_at <succeed_n count> <lower bound>
-		      succeed_n <after jump addr> <succed_n count>
+		      succeed_n <after jump addr> <succeed_n count>
 		      <body of loop>
 		      jump_n <succeed_n addr> <jump count>
 		    (The upper bound and `jump_n' are omitted if
@@ -4852,11 +4852,8 @@ regexec (preg, string, nmatch, pmatch, eflags)
    from either regcomp or regexec.   We don't use PREG here.  */
 
 size_t
-regerror (errcode, preg, errbuf, errbuf_size)
-    int errcode;
-    const regex_t *preg;
-    char *errbuf;
-    size_t errbuf_size;
+regerror(int errcode, const regex_t *preg,
+	 char *errbuf, size_t errbuf_size)
 {
   const char *msg;
   size_t msg_size;
diff --git a/compat/snprintf.c b/compat/snprintf.c
index 357e73307..e1e0e7543 100644
--- a/compat/snprintf.c
+++ b/compat/snprintf.c
@@ -2,12 +2,19 @@
 
 /*
  * The size parameter specifies the available space, i.e. includes
- * the trailing NUL byte; but Windows's vsnprintf expects the
- * number of characters to write without the trailing NUL.
+ * the trailing NUL byte; but Windows's vsnprintf uses the entire
+ * buffer and avoids the trailing NUL, should the buffer be exactly
+ * big enough for the result. Defining SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR to 1 will
+ * therefore remove 1 byte from the reported buffer size, so we
+ * always have room for a trailing NUL byte.
  */
 #ifndef SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR
+#if defined(WIN32) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || __GNUC__ < 4)
+#define SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR 1
+#else
 #define SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR 0
 #endif
+#endif
 
 #undef vsnprintf
 int git_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, va_list ap)
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/README b/compat/vcbuild/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df8a6574c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/README
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+The Steps of Build Git with VS2008
+
+1. You need the build environment, which contains the Git dependencies
+   to be able to compile, link and run Git with MSVC.
+
+   You can either use the binary repository:
+
+       WWW: http://repo.or.cz/w/msvcgit.git
+       Git: git clone git://repo.or.cz/msvcgit.git
+       Zip: http://repo.or.cz/w/msvcgit.git?a=snapshot;h=master;sf=zip
+
+   and call the setup_32bit_env.cmd batch script before compiling Git,
+   (see repo/package README for details), or the source repository:
+
+       WWW: http://repo.or.cz/w/gitbuild.git
+       Git: git clone git://repo.or.cz/gitbuild.git
+       Zip: (None, as it's a project with submodules)
+
+   and build the support libs as instructed in that repo/package.
+
+2. Ensure you have the msysgit environment in your path, so you have
+   GNU Make, bash and perl available.
+
+       WWW: http://repo.or.cz/w/msysgit.git
+       Git: git clone git://repo.or.cz/msysgit.git
+       Zip: http://repo.or.cz/w/msysgit.git?a=snapshot;h=master;sf=zip
+
+   This environment is also needed when you use the resulting
+   executables, since Git might need to run scripts which are part of
+   the git operations.
+
+3. Inside Git's directory run the command:
+       make common-cmds.h
+   to generate the common-cmds.h file needed to compile git.
+
+4. Then either build Git with the GNU Make Makefile in the Git projects
+   root
+       make MSVC=1
+   or generate Visual Studio solution/projects (.sln/.vcproj) with the
+   command
+       perl contrib/buildsystems/generate -g Vcproj
+   and open and build the solution with the IDE
+       devenv git.sln /useenv
+   or build with the IDE build engine directly from the command line
+       devenv git.sln /useenv /build "Release|Win32"
+   The /useenv option is required, so Visual Studio picks up the
+   environment variables for the support libraries required to build
+   Git, which you set up in step 1.
+
+Done!
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/alloca.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/alloca.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c0d7985b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/alloca.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include <malloc.h>
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/arpa/inet.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/arpa/inet.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/arpa/inet.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/dirent.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/dirent.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..440618db0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/dirent.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+ * DIRENT.H (formerly DIRLIB.H)
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is a part of the mingw-runtime package.
+ *
+ * The mingw-runtime package and its code is distributed in the hope that it
+ * will be useful but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.  ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
+ * IMPLIED ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED.  This includes but is not limited to
+ * warranties of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ *
+ * You are free to use this package and its code without limitation.
+ */
+#ifndef _DIRENT_H_
+#define _DIRENT_H_
+#include <io.h>
+
+#define PATH_MAX 512
+
+#define __MINGW_NOTHROW
+
+#ifndef RC_INVOKED
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct dirent
+{
+	long		d_ino;		/* Always zero. */
+	unsigned short	d_reclen;	/* Always zero. */
+	unsigned short	d_namlen;	/* Length of name in d_name. */
+	char		d_name[FILENAME_MAX]; /* File name. */
+};
+
+/*
+ * This is an internal data structure. Good programmers will not use it
+ * except as an argument to one of the functions below.
+ * dd_stat field is now int (was short in older versions).
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+	/* disk transfer area for this dir */
+	struct _finddata_t	dd_dta;
+
+	/* dirent struct to return from dir (NOTE: this makes this thread
+	 * safe as long as only one thread uses a particular DIR struct at
+	 * a time) */
+	struct dirent		dd_dir;
+
+	/* _findnext handle */
+	long			dd_handle;
+
+	/*
+	 * Status of search:
+	 *   0 = not started yet (next entry to read is first entry)
+	 *  -1 = off the end
+	 *   positive = 0 based index of next entry
+	 */
+	int			dd_stat;
+
+	/* given path for dir with search pattern (struct is extended) */
+	char			dd_name[PATH_MAX+3];
+} DIR;
+
+DIR* __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW opendir (const char*);
+struct dirent* __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW readdir (DIR*);
+int __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW closedir (DIR*);
+void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW rewinddir (DIR*);
+long __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW telldir (DIR*);
+void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW seekdir (DIR*, long);
+
+
+/* wide char versions */
+
+struct _wdirent
+{
+	long		d_ino;		/* Always zero. */
+	unsigned short	d_reclen;	/* Always zero. */
+	unsigned short	d_namlen;	/* Length of name in d_name. */
+	wchar_t		d_name[FILENAME_MAX]; /* File name. */
+};
+
+/*
+ * This is an internal data structure. Good programmers will not use it
+ * except as an argument to one of the functions below.
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+	/* disk transfer area for this dir */
+	//struct _wfinddata_t	dd_dta;
+
+	/* dirent struct to return from dir (NOTE: this makes this thread
+	 * safe as long as only one thread uses a particular DIR struct at
+	 * a time) */
+	struct _wdirent		dd_dir;
+
+	/* _findnext handle */
+	long			dd_handle;
+
+	/*
+	 * Status of search:
+	 *   0 = not started yet (next entry to read is first entry)
+	 *  -1 = off the end
+	 *   positive = 0 based index of next entry
+	 */
+	int			dd_stat;
+
+	/* given path for dir with search pattern (struct is extended) */
+	wchar_t			dd_name[1];
+} _WDIR;
+
+
+
+_WDIR* __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wopendir (const wchar_t*);
+struct _wdirent*  __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wreaddir (_WDIR*);
+int __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wclosedir (_WDIR*);
+void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wrewinddir (_WDIR*);
+long __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wtelldir (_WDIR*);
+void __cdecl __MINGW_NOTHROW _wseekdir (_WDIR*, long);
+
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* Not RC_INVOKED */
+
+#endif	/* Not _DIRENT_H_ */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/grp.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/grp.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/grp.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/inttypes.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/inttypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/inttypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/netdb.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/netdb.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/netdb.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/in.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/in.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/in.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/tcp.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/tcp.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/tcp.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/pwd.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/pwd.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/pwd.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/ioctl.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/ioctl.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/ioctl.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/param.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/param.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/param.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/poll.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/poll.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/poll.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/select.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/select.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/select.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/socket.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/socket.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/socket.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/time.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/time.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/time.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/utime.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/utime.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..582589c70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/utime.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef	_UTIME_H_
+#define	_UTIME_H_
+/*
+ * UTIME.H
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is a part of the mingw-runtime package.
+ *
+ * The mingw-runtime package and its code is distributed in the hope that it
+ * will be useful but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.  ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
+ * IMPLIED ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED.  This includes but is not limited to
+ * warranties of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ *
+ * You are free to use this package and its code without limitation.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Structure used by _utime function.
+ */
+struct _utimbuf
+{
+	time_t	actime;		/* Access time */
+	time_t	modtime;	/* Modification time */
+};
+
+#ifndef	_NO_OLDNAMES
+/* NOTE: Must be the same as _utimbuf above. */
+struct utimbuf
+{
+	time_t	actime;
+	time_t	modtime;
+};
+#endif	/* Not _NO_OLDNAMES */
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/wait.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/wait.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d8552a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/wait.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2a4f27686
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#ifndef _UNISTD_
+#define _UNISTD_
+
+/* Win32 define for porting git*/
+
+#ifndef _MODE_T_
+#define	_MODE_T_
+typedef unsigned short _mode_t;
+
+#ifndef	_NO_OLDNAMES
+typedef _mode_t	mode_t;
+#endif
+#endif	/* Not _MODE_T_ */
+
+#ifndef _SSIZE_T_
+#define _SSIZE_T_
+typedef long _ssize_t;
+
+#ifndef	_OFF_T_
+#define	_OFF_T_
+typedef long _off_t;
+
+#ifndef	_NO_OLDNAMES
+typedef _off_t	off_t;
+#endif
+#endif	/* Not _OFF_T_ */
+
+
+#ifndef	_NO_OLDNAMES
+typedef _ssize_t ssize_t;
+#endif
+#endif /* Not _SSIZE_T_ */
+
+typedef signed char int8_t;
+typedef unsigned char   uint8_t;
+typedef short  int16_t;
+typedef unsigned short  uint16_t;
+typedef int  int32_t;
+typedef unsigned   uint32_t;
+typedef long long  int64_t;
+typedef unsigned long long   uint64_t;
+
+typedef long long  intmax_t;
+typedef unsigned long long uintmax_t;
+
+typedef int64_t off64_t;
+
+#define STDOUT_FILENO 1
+#define STDERR_FILENO 2
+
+/* Some defines for _access nAccessMode (MS doesn't define them, but
+ * it doesn't seem to hurt to add them). */
+#define	F_OK	0	/* Check for file existence */
+/* Well maybe it does hurt.  On newer versions of MSVCRT, an access mode
+   of 1 causes invalid parameter error. */
+#define	X_OK	0	/* MS access() doesn't check for execute permission. */
+#define	W_OK	2	/* Check for write permission */
+#define	R_OK	4	/* Check for read permission */
+
+#define	_S_IFIFO	0x1000	/* FIFO */
+#define	_S_IFCHR	0x2000	/* Character */
+#define	_S_IFBLK	0x3000	/* Block: Is this ever set under w32? */
+#define	_S_IFDIR	0x4000	/* Directory */
+#define	_S_IFREG	0x8000	/* Regular */
+
+#define	_S_IFMT		0xF000	/* File type mask */
+
+#define	_S_IXUSR	_S_IEXEC
+#define	_S_IWUSR	_S_IWRITE
+#define	_S_IRUSR	_S_IREAD
+#define	_S_ISDIR(m)	(((m) & _S_IFMT) == _S_IFDIR)
+
+#define	S_IFIFO		_S_IFIFO
+#define	S_IFCHR		_S_IFCHR
+#define	S_IFBLK		_S_IFBLK
+#define	S_IFDIR		_S_IFDIR
+#define	S_IFREG		_S_IFREG
+#define	S_IFMT		_S_IFMT
+#define	S_IEXEC		_S_IEXEC
+#define	S_IWRITE	_S_IWRITE
+#define	S_IREAD		_S_IREAD
+#define	S_IRWXU		_S_IRWXU
+#define	S_IXUSR		_S_IXUSR
+#define	S_IWUSR		_S_IWUSR
+#define	S_IRUSR		_S_IRUSR
+
+
+#define	S_ISDIR(m)	(((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
+#define	S_ISREG(m)	(((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
+#define	S_ISFIFO(m)	(((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFIFO)
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/utime.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/utime.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8285f38fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/include/utime.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include <sys/utime.h>
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl b/compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8a2112f22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+######################################################################
+# Compiles or links files
+#
+# This is a wrapper to facilitate the compilation of Git with MSVC
+# using GNU Make as the build system. So, instead of manipulating the
+# Makefile into something nasty, just to support non-space arguments
+# etc, we use this wrapper to fix the command line options
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Marius Storm-Olsen <mstormo@gmail.com>
+######################################################################
+use strict;
+my @args = ();
+my @cflags = ();
+my $is_linking = 0;
+while (@ARGV) {
+	my $arg = shift @ARGV;
+	if ("$arg" =~ /^-[DIMGO]/) {
+		push(@cflags, $arg);
+	} elsif ("$arg" eq "-o") {
+		my $file_out = shift @ARGV;
+		if ("$file_out" =~ /exe$/) {
+			$is_linking = 1;
+			push(@args, "-OUT:$file_out");
+		} else {
+			push(@args, "-Fo$file_out");
+		}
+	} elsif ("$arg" eq "-lz") {
+		push(@args, "zlib.lib");
+	} elsif ("$arg" eq "-liconv") {
+		push(@args, "iconv.lib");
+	} elsif ("$arg" eq "-lcrypto") {
+		push(@args, "libeay32.lib");
+		push(@args, "ssleay32.lib");
+	} elsif ("$arg" =~ /^-L/ && "$arg" ne "-LTCG") {
+		$arg =~ s/^-L/-LIBPATH:/;
+		push(@args, $arg);
+	} elsif ("$arg" =~ /^-R/) {
+		# eat
+	} else {
+		push(@args, $arg);
+	}
+}
+if ($is_linking) {
+	unshift(@args, "link.exe");
+} else {
+	unshift(@args, "cl.exe");
+	push(@args, @cflags);
+}
+#printf("**** @args\n");
+exit (system(@args) != 0);
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl b/compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d8054e469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+######################################################################
+# Libifies files on Windows
+#
+# This is a wrapper to facilitate the compilation of Git with MSVC
+# using GNU Make as the build system. So, instead of manipulating the
+# Makefile into something nasty, just to support non-space arguments
+# etc, we use this wrapper to fix the command line options
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Marius Storm-Olsen <mstormo@gmail.com>
+######################################################################
+use strict;
+my @args = ();
+while (@ARGV) {
+	my $arg = shift @ARGV;
+	if ("$arg" eq "rcs") {
+		# Consume the rcs option
+	} elsif ("$arg" =~ /\.a$/) {
+		push(@args, "-OUT:$arg");
+	} else {
+		push(@args, $arg);
+	}
+}
+unshift(@args, "lib.exe");
+# printf("**** @args\n");
+exit (system(@args) != 0);
diff --git a/compat/win32.h b/compat/win32.h
index c26384e59..8ce91048d 100644
--- a/compat/win32.h
+++ b/compat/win32.h
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef WIN32_H
+#define WIN32_H
+
 /* common Win32 functions for MinGW and Cygwin */
+#ifndef WIN32         /* Not defined by Cygwin */
 #include <windows.h>
+#endif
 
 static inline int file_attr_to_st_mode (DWORD attr)
 {
@@ -32,3 +37,5 @@ static inline int get_file_attr(const char *fname, WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA *fd
 		return ENOENT;
 	}
 }
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/win32mmap.c b/compat/win32mmap.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c5a14922
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/win32mmap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+void *git_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
+{
+	HANDLE hmap;
+	void *temp;
+	size_t len;
+	struct stat st;
+	uint64_t o = offset;
+	uint32_t l = o & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+	uint32_t h = (o >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+	if (!fstat(fd, &st))
+		len = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+	else
+		die("mmap: could not determine filesize");
+
+	if ((length + offset) > len)
+		length = len - offset;
+
+	if (!(flags & MAP_PRIVATE))
+		die("Invalid usage of mmap when built with USE_WIN32_MMAP");
+
+	hmap = CreateFileMapping((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd), 0, PAGE_WRITECOPY,
+		0, 0, 0);
+
+	if (!hmap)
+		return MAP_FAILED;
+
+	temp = MapViewOfFileEx(hmap, FILE_MAP_COPY, h, l, length, start);
+
+	if (!CloseHandle(hmap))
+		warning("unable to close file mapping handle\n");
+
+	return temp ? temp : MAP_FAILED;
+}
+
+int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length)
+{
+	return !UnmapViewOfFile(start);
+}
diff --git a/compat/winansi.c b/compat/winansi.c
index e2d96dfe6..dedce2104 100644
--- a/compat/winansi.c
+++ b/compat/winansi.c
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
  * Copyright 2008 Peter Harris <git@peter.is-a-geek.org>
  */
 
-#include <windows.h>
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
 
 /*
@@ -18,8 +17,6 @@
 
  This file is git-specific. Therefore, this file does not attempt
  to implement any codes that are not used by git.
-
- TODO: K
 */
 
 static HANDLE console;
@@ -79,6 +76,21 @@ static void set_console_attr(void)
 	SetConsoleTextAttribute(console, attributes);
 }
 
+static void erase_in_line(void)
+{
+	CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO sbi;
+	DWORD dummy; /* Needed for Windows 7 (or Vista) regression */
+
+	if (!console)
+		return;
+
+	GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console, &sbi);
+	FillConsoleOutputCharacterA(console, ' ',
+		sbi.dwSize.X - sbi.dwCursorPosition.X, sbi.dwCursorPosition,
+		&dummy);
+}
+
+
 static const char *set_attr(const char *str)
 {
 	const char *func;
@@ -218,7 +230,7 @@ static const char *set_attr(const char *str)
 		set_console_attr();
 		break;
 	case 'K':
-		/* TODO */
+		erase_in_line();
 		break;
 	default:
 		/* Unsupported code */
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index d2fc8f5f2..37385ce9d 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ static char *parse_value(void)
 
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
-		if (len >= sizeof(value))
+		if (len >= sizeof(value) - 1)
 			return NULL;
 		if (c == '\n') {
 			if (quote)
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ static char *parse_value(void)
 		if (comment)
 			continue;
 		if (isspace(c) && !quote) {
-			space = 1;
+			if (len)
+				space++;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!quote) {
@@ -71,11 +72,8 @@ static char *parse_value(void)
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
-		if (space) {
-			if (len)
-				value[len++] = ' ';
-			space = 0;
-		}
+		for (; space; space--)
+			value[len++] = ' ';
 		if (c == '\\') {
 			c = get_next_char();
 			switch (c) {
@@ -331,9 +329,9 @@ int git_config_bool_or_int(const char *name, const char *value, int *is_bool)
 		return 1;
 	if (!*value)
 		return 0;
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "true") || !strcasecmp(value, "yes"))
+	if (!strcasecmp(value, "true") || !strcasecmp(value, "yes") || !strcasecmp(value, "on"))
 		return 1;
-	if (!strcasecmp(value, "false") || !strcasecmp(value, "no"))
+	if (!strcasecmp(value, "false") || !strcasecmp(value, "no") || !strcasecmp(value, "off"))
 		return 0;
 	*is_bool = 0;
 	return git_config_int(name, value);
@@ -353,6 +351,16 @@ int git_config_string(const char **dest, const char *var, const char *value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int git_config_pathname(const char **dest, const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	*dest = expand_user_path(value);
+	if (!*dest)
+		die("Failed to expand user dir in: '%s'", value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	/* This needs a better name */
@@ -469,6 +477,11 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.notesref")) {
+		notes_ref_name = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.pager"))
 		return git_config_string(&pager_program, var, value);
 
@@ -476,7 +489,7 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return git_config_string(&editor_program, var, value);
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.excludesfile"))
-		return git_config_string(&excludes_file, var, value);
+		return git_config_pathname(&excludes_file, var, value);
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.whitespace")) {
 		if (!value)
@@ -495,6 +508,16 @@ static int git_default_core_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.createobject")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "rename"))
+			object_creation_mode = OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "link"))
+			object_creation_mode = OBJECT_CREATION_USES_HARDLINKS;
+		else
+			die("Invalid mode for object creation: %s", value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -565,6 +588,40 @@ static int git_default_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int git_default_push_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "push.default")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "nothing"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "matching"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "tracking"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_TRACKING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "current"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT;
+		else {
+			error("Malformed value for %s: %s", var, value);
+			return error("Must be one of nothing, matching, "
+				     "tracking or current.");
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int git_default_mailmap_config(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "mailmap.file"))
+		return git_config_string(&git_mailmap_file, var, value);
+
+	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *dummy)
 {
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "core."))
@@ -579,6 +636,15 @@ int git_default_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *dummy)
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "branch."))
 		return git_default_branch_config(var, value);
 
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "push."))
+		return git_default_push_config(var, value);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "mailmap."))
+		return git_default_mailmap_config(var, value);
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "advice."))
+		return git_default_advice_config(var, value);
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "pager.color") || !strcmp(var, "color.pager")) {
 		pager_use_color = git_config_bool(var,value);
 		return 0;
@@ -632,31 +698,37 @@ int git_config_global(void)
 
 int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 {
-	int ret = 0;
+	int ret = 0, found = 0;
 	char *repo_config = NULL;
 	const char *home = NULL;
 
-	/* $GIT_CONFIG makes git read _only_ the given config file,
-	 * $GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL will make it process it in addition to the
-	 * global config file, the same way it would the per-repository
-	 * config file otherwise. */
+	/* Setting $GIT_CONFIG makes git read _only_ the given config file. */
 	if (config_exclusive_filename)
 		return git_config_from_file(fn, config_exclusive_filename, data);
-	if (git_config_system() && !access(git_etc_gitconfig(), R_OK))
+	if (git_config_system() && !access(git_etc_gitconfig(), R_OK)) {
 		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, git_etc_gitconfig(),
 					    data);
+		found += 1;
+	}
 
 	home = getenv("HOME");
 	if (git_config_global() && home) {
 		char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-		if (!access(user_config, R_OK))
+		if (!access(user_config, R_OK)) {
 			ret += git_config_from_file(fn, user_config, data);
+			found += 1;
+		}
 		free(user_config);
 	}
 
 	repo_config = git_pathdup("config");
-	ret += git_config_from_file(fn, repo_config, data);
+	if (!access(repo_config, R_OK)) {
+		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, repo_config, data);
+		found += 1;
+	}
 	free(repo_config);
+	if (found == 0)
+		return -1;
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -668,16 +740,16 @@ int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
 
 static struct {
 	int baselen;
-	char* key;
+	char *key;
 	int do_not_match;
-	regex_t* value_regex;
+	regex_t *value_regex;
 	int multi_replace;
 	size_t offset[MAX_MATCHES];
 	enum { START, SECTION_SEEN, SECTION_END_SEEN, KEY_SEEN } state;
 	int seen;
 } store;
 
-static int matches(const char* key, const char* value)
+static int matches(const char *key, const char *value)
 {
 	return !strcmp(key, store.key) &&
 		(store.value_regex == NULL ||
@@ -685,7 +757,7 @@ static int matches(const char* key, const char* value)
 		  !regexec(store.value_regex, value, 0, NULL, 0)));
 }
 
-static int store_aux(const char* key, const char* value, void *cb)
+static int store_aux(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	const char *ep;
 	size_t section_len;
@@ -754,7 +826,7 @@ static int write_error(const char *filename)
 	return 4;
 }
 
-static int store_write_section(int fd, const char* key)
+static int store_write_section(int fd, const char *key)
 {
 	const char *dot;
 	int i, success;
@@ -779,7 +851,7 @@ static int store_write_section(int fd, const char* key)
 	return success;
 }
 
-static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char* key, const char* value)
+static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char *key, const char *value)
 {
 	int i, success;
 	int length = strlen(key + store.baselen + 1);
@@ -827,8 +899,8 @@ static int store_write_pair(int fd, const char* key, const char* value)
 	return success;
 }
 
-static ssize_t find_beginning_of_line(const char* contents, size_t size,
-	size_t offset_, int* found_bracket)
+static ssize_t find_beginning_of_line(const char *contents, size_t size,
+	size_t offset_, int *found_bracket)
 {
 	size_t equal_offset = size, bracket_offset = size;
 	ssize_t offset;
@@ -853,7 +925,7 @@ contline:
 	return offset;
 }
 
-int git_config_set(const char* key, const char* value)
+int git_config_set(const char *key, const char *value)
 {
 	return git_config_set_multivar(key, value, NULL, 0);
 }
@@ -881,15 +953,15 @@ int git_config_set(const char* key, const char* value)
  * - the config file is removed and the lock file rename()d to it.
  *
  */
-int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
-	const char* value_regex, int multi_replace)
+int git_config_set_multivar(const char *key, const char *value,
+	const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
 {
 	int i, dot;
 	int fd = -1, in_fd;
 	int ret;
-	char* config_filename;
+	char *config_filename;
 	struct lock_file *lock = NULL;
-	const char* last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
+	const char *last_dot = strrchr(key, '.');
 
 	if (config_exclusive_filename)
 		config_filename = xstrdup(config_exclusive_filename);
@@ -945,7 +1017,7 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 	lock = xcalloc(sizeof(struct lock_file), 1);
 	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock, config_filename, 0);
 	if (fd < 0) {
-		error("could not lock config file %s", config_filename);
+		error("could not lock config file %s: %s", config_filename, strerror(errno));
 		free(store.key);
 		ret = -1;
 		goto out_free;
@@ -970,13 +1042,13 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 			goto out_free;
 		}
 
-		store.key = (char*)key;
+		store.key = (char *)key;
 		if (!store_write_section(fd, key) ||
 		    !store_write_pair(fd, key, value))
 			goto write_err_out;
 	} else {
 		struct stat st;
-		char* contents;
+		char *contents;
 		size_t contents_sz, copy_begin, copy_end;
 		int i, new_line = 0;
 
@@ -1062,7 +1134,7 @@ int git_config_set_multivar(const char* key, const char* value,
 				    copy_end - copy_begin)
 					goto write_err_out;
 				if (new_line &&
-				    write_in_full(fd, "\n", 1) != 1)
+				    write_str_in_full(fd, "\n") != 1)
 					goto write_err_out;
 			}
 			copy_begin = store.offset[i];
@@ -1118,7 +1190,9 @@ write_err_out:
 static int section_name_match (const char *buf, const char *name)
 {
 	int i = 0, j = 0, dot = 0;
-	for (; buf[i] && buf[i] != ']'; i++) {
+	if (buf[i] != '[')
+		return 0;
+	for (i = 1; buf[i] && buf[i] != ']'; i++) {
 		if (!dot && isspace(buf[i])) {
 			dot = 1;
 			if (name[j++] != '.')
@@ -1139,7 +1213,17 @@ static int section_name_match (const char *buf, const char *name)
 		if (buf[i] != name[j++])
 			break;
 	}
-	return (buf[i] == ']' && name[j] == 0);
+	if (buf[i] == ']' && name[j] == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * We match, now just find the right length offset by
+		 * gobbling up any whitespace after it, as well
+		 */
+		i++;
+		for (; buf[i] && isspace(buf[i]); i++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		return i;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /* if new_name == NULL, the section is removed instead */
@@ -1169,11 +1253,13 @@ int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), config_file)) {
 		int i;
 		int length;
+		char *output = buf;
 		for (i = 0; buf[i] && isspace(buf[i]); i++)
 			; /* do nothing */
 		if (buf[i] == '[') {
 			/* it's a section */
-			if (section_name_match (&buf[i+1], old_name)) {
+			int offset = section_name_match(&buf[i], old_name);
+			if (offset > 0) {
 				ret++;
 				if (new_name == NULL) {
 					remove = 1;
@@ -1184,14 +1270,29 @@ int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 					ret = write_error(lock->filename);
 					goto out;
 				}
-				continue;
+				/*
+				 * We wrote out the new section, with
+				 * a newline, now skip the old
+				 * section's length
+				 */
+				output += offset + i;
+				if (strlen(output) > 0) {
+					/*
+					 * More content means there's
+					 * a declaration to put on the
+					 * next line; indent with a
+					 * tab
+					 */
+					output -= 1;
+					output[0] = '\t';
+				}
 			}
 			remove = 0;
 		}
 		if (remove)
 			continue;
-		length = strlen(buf);
-		if (write_in_full(out_fd, buf, length) != length) {
+		length = strlen(output);
+		if (write_in_full(out_fd, output, length) != length) {
 			ret = write_error(lock->filename);
 			goto out;
 		}
diff --git a/config.mak.in b/config.mak.in
index ea7705c1e..67b12f73a 100644
--- a/config.mak.in
+++ b/config.mak.in
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ TCLTK_PATH = @TCLTK_PATH@
 prefix = @prefix@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
 bindir = @bindir@
-gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core/
+gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
-template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates/
+template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates
 
 mandir=@mandir@
 
@@ -30,8 +30,11 @@ NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=@NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO@
 NO_OPENSSL=@NO_OPENSSL@
 NO_CURL=@NO_CURL@
 NO_EXPAT=@NO_EXPAT@
+NO_LIBGEN_H=@NO_LIBGEN_H@
 NEEDS_LIBICONV=@NEEDS_LIBICONV@
 NEEDS_SOCKET=@NEEDS_SOCKET@
+NEEDS_RESOLV=@NEEDS_RESOLV@
+NEEDS_LIBGEN=@NEEDS_LIBGEN@
 NO_SYS_SELECT_H=@NO_SYS_SELECT_H@
 NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT=@NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT@
 NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT=@NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT@
@@ -46,9 +49,12 @@ NO_STRTOUMAX=@NO_STRTOUMAX@
 NO_SETENV=@NO_SETENV@
 NO_UNSETENV=@NO_UNSETENV@
 NO_MKDTEMP=@NO_MKDTEMP@
+NO_MKSTEMPS=@NO_MKSTEMPS@
 NO_ICONV=@NO_ICONV@
 OLD_ICONV=@OLD_ICONV@
 NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=@NO_DEFLATE_BOUND@
 FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES=@FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES@
 SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS=@SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS@
+NO_PTHREADS=@NO_PTHREADS@
+THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=@THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH@
 PTHREAD_LIBS=@PTHREAD_LIBS@
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 42567420e..4625b8672 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ else \
 	if test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
 		AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide path for --with-$1=PATH]); \
 	else \
+		m4_toupper($1)_PATH=$withval; \
+		AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting m4_toupper($1)_PATH to $withval]); \
 		GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(${PROGRAM}_PATH=$withval); \
 	fi; \
 fi; \
@@ -61,9 +63,31 @@ elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
 	m4_toupper(NO_$1)=; \
 else \
 	m4_toupper(NO_$1)=; \
+	m4_toupper($1)DIR=$withval; \
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting m4_toupper($1)DIR to $withval]); \
 	GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(${PACKAGE}DIR=$withval); \
 fi \
 ])# GIT_PARSE_WITH
+#
+# GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR(WITHNAME, VAR, HELP_TEXT)
+# ---------------------
+# Set VAR to the value specied by --with-WITHNAME.
+# No verification of arguments is performed, but warnings are issued
+# if either 'yes' or 'no' is specified.
+# HELP_TEXT is presented when --help is called.
+# This is a direct way to allow setting variables in the Makefile.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR],
+[AC_ARG_WITH([$1],
+ [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-$1=VALUE], $3)],
+ if test -n "$withval"; then \
+  if test "$withval" = "yes" -o "$withval" = "no"; then \
+    AC_MSG_WARN([You likely do not want either 'yes' or 'no' as]
+		     [a value for $1 ($2).  Maybe you do...?]); \
+  fi; \
+  \
+  AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting $2 to $withval]); \
+  GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE($2=$withval); \
+ fi)])# GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR
 
 dnl
 dnl GIT_CHECK_FUNC(FUNCTION, IFTRUE, IFFALSE)
@@ -76,6 +100,32 @@ AC_DEFUN([GIT_CHECK_FUNC],[AC_CHECK_FUNC([$1],[
   AC_SEARCH_LIBS([$1],,
   [$2],[$3])
 ],[$3])])
+
+dnl
+dnl GIT_STASH_FLAGS(BASEPATH_VAR)
+dnl -----------------------------
+dnl Allow for easy stashing of LDFLAGS and CPPFLAGS before running
+dnl tests that may want to take user settings into account.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_STASH_FLAGS],[
+if test -n "$1"; then
+   old_CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS"
+   old_LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"
+   CPPFLAGS="-I$1/include $CPPFLAGS"
+   LDFLAGS="-L$1/$lib $LDFLAGS"
+fi
+])
+
+dnl
+dnl GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS(BASEPATH_VAR)
+dnl -----------------------------
+dnl Restore the stashed *FLAGS values.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS],[
+if test -n "$1"; then
+   CPPFLAGS="$old_CPPFLAGS"
+   LDFLAGS="$old_LDFLAGS"
+fi
+])
+
 ## Site configuration related to programs (before tests)
 ## --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] and --without-PACKAGE
 #
@@ -86,9 +136,139 @@ AC_ARG_WITH([lib],
  [if test "$withval" = "no" || test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
 	AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide name for --with-lib=ARG]); \
 else \
+	lib=$withval; \
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting lib to '$lib']); \
 	GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(lib=$withval); \
 fi; \
 ],[])
+
+if test -z "$lib"; then
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting lib to 'lib' (the default)])
+   lib=lib
+fi
+
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([pthreads],
+ [AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-pthreads=FLAGS],
+  [FLAGS is the value to pass to the compiler to enable POSIX Threads.]
+  [The default if FLAGS is not specified is to try first -pthread]
+  [and then -lpthread.]
+  [--without-pthreads will disable threading.])],
+[
+if test "x$enableval" = "xyes"; then
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Will try -pthread then -lpthread to enable POSIX Threads])
+elif test "x$enableval" != "xno"; then
+   PTHREAD_CFLAGS=$enableval
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting '$PTHREAD_CFLAGS' as the FLAGS to enable POSIX Threads])
+else
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([POSIX Threads will be disabled.])
+   NO_PTHREADS=YesPlease
+   USER_NOPTHREAD=1
+fi],
+[
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Will try -pthread then -lpthread to enable POSIX Threads.])
+])
+
+## Site configuration (override autodetection)
+## --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] and --without-PACKAGE
+AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for site configuration])
+#
+# Define NO_SVN_TESTS if you want to skip time-consuming SVN interoperability
+# tests.  These tests take up a significant amount of the total test time
+# but are not needed unless you plan to talk to SVN repos.
+#
+# Define PPC_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
+# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
+#
+# Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
+# This also implies BLK_SHA1.
+#
+# Define OPENSSLDIR=/foo/bar if your openssl header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+AC_ARG_WITH(openssl,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-openssl],[use OpenSSL library (default is YES)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],              [ARG can be prefix for openssl library and headers]),\
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(openssl))
+#
+# Define NO_CURL if you do not have curl installed.  git-http-pull and
+# git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
+# transports.
+#
+# Define CURLDIR=/foo/bar if your curl header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+AC_ARG_WITH(curl,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-curl],[support http(s):// transports (default is YES)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],           [ARG can be also prefix for curl library and headers]),
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(curl))
+#
+# Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
+# not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
+#
+# Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
+# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
+AC_ARG_WITH(expat,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-expat],
+[support git-push using http:// and https:// transports via WebDAV (default is YES)])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],            [ARG can be also prefix for expat library and headers]),
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(expat))
+#
+# Define NO_FINK if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X, have Fink
+# installed in /sw, but don't want GIT to link against any libraries
+# installed there.  If defined you may specify your own (or Fink's)
+# include directories and library directories by defining CFLAGS
+# and LDFLAGS appropriately.
+#
+# Define NO_DARWIN_PORTS if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X,
+# have DarwinPorts installed in /opt/local, but don't want GIT to
+# link against any libraries installed there.  If defined you may
+# specify your own (or DarwinPort's) include directories and
+# library directories by defining CFLAGS and LDFLAGS appropriately.
+#
+# Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
+#
+# Define NO_ICONV if your libc does not properly support iconv.
+AC_ARG_WITH(iconv,
+AS_HELP_STRING([--without-iconv],
+[if your architecture doesn't properly support iconv])
+AS_HELP_STRING([--with-iconv=PATH],
+[PATH is prefix for libiconv library and headers])
+AS_HELP_STRING([],
+[used only if you need linking with libiconv]),
+GIT_PARSE_WITH(iconv))
+
+## --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] and --disable-FEATURE
+#
+# Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes
+# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this, and
+# it will BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely
+# randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second
+# times (my ext3 doesn't).
+#
+# Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device
+# change being considered an inode change from the update-index perspective.
+
+#
+# Allow user to set ETC_GITCONFIG variable
+GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR(gitconfig, ETC_GITCONFIG,
+			Use VALUE instead of /etc/gitconfig as the
+			global git configuration file.
+			If VALUE is not fully qualified it will be interpretted
+			as a path relative to the computed prefix at runtime.)
+
+#
+# Allow user to set the default pager
+GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR(pager, DEFAULT_PAGER,
+			Use VALUE as the fall-back pager instead of 'less'.
+			This is used by things like 'git log' when the user
+			does not specify a pager to use through alternate
+			methods. eg: /usr/bin/pager)
+#
+# Allow user to set the default editor
+GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR(editor, DEFAULT_EDITOR,
+			Use VALUE as the fall-back editor instead of 'vi'.
+			This is used by things like 'git commit' when the user
+			does not specify a preferred editor through other
+			methods. eg: /usr/bin/editor)
+
 #
 # Define SHELL_PATH to provide path to shell.
 GIT_ARG_SET_PATH(shell)
@@ -114,31 +294,31 @@ AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for programs])
 #
 AC_PROG_CC([cc gcc])
 # which switch to pass runtime path to dynamic libraries to the linker
-AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -R], ld_dashr, [
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -R], git_cv_ld_dashr, [
    SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
    LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -R /"
-   AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [ld_dashr=yes], [ld_dashr=no])
+   AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_dashr=yes], [git_cv_ld_dashr=no])
    LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
 ])
-if test "$ld_dashr" = "yes"; then
+if test "$git_cv_ld_dashr" = "yes"; then
    AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-R])
 else
-   AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -Wl,-rpath,], ld_wl_rpath, [
+   AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -Wl,-rpath,], git_cv_ld_wl_rpath, [
       SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
       LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -Wl,-rpath,/"
-      AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [ld_wl_rpath=yes], [ld_wl_rpath=no])
-      LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LD_FLAGS}"
+      AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_wl_rpath=no])
+      LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
    ])
-   if test "$ld_wl_rpath" = "yes"; then
+   if test "$git_cv_ld_wl_rpath" = "yes"; then
       AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-Wl,-rpath,])
    else
-      AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -rpath], ld_rpath, [
+      AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -rpath], git_cv_ld_rpath, [
          SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
          LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS} -rpath /"
-         AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [ld_rpath=yes], [ld_rpath=no])
-         LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LD_FLAGS}"
+         AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM([], []), [git_cv_ld_rpath=yes], [git_cv_ld_rpath=no])
+         LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
       ])
-      if test "$ld_rpath" = "yes"; then
+      if test "$git_cv_ld_rpath" = "yes"; then
          AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-rpath])
       else
          AC_MSG_WARN([linker does not support runtime path to dynamic libraries])
@@ -167,7 +347,7 @@ fi
 AC_CHECK_PROGS(ASCIIDOC, [asciidoc])
 if test -n "$ASCIIDOC"; then
 	AC_MSG_CHECKING([for asciidoc version])
-	asciidoc_version=`$ASCIIDOC --version 2>&1`
+	asciidoc_version=`$ASCIIDOC --version 2>/dev/null`
 	case "${asciidoc_version}" in
 	asciidoc' '8*)
 		ASCIIDOC8=YesPlease
@@ -191,33 +371,58 @@ AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for libraries])
 #
 # Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
 # Define NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO if you need -lcrypto with -lssl (Darwin).
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($OPENSSLDIR)
+
 AC_CHECK_LIB([crypto], [SHA1_Init],
 [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=],
 [AC_CHECK_LIB([ssl], [SHA1_Init],
- [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=YesPlease
-  NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=],
- [NO_OPENSSL=YesPlease])])
+ [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=YesPlease],
+ [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO= NO_OPENSSL=YesPlease])])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($OPENSSLDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO)
 AC_SUBST(NO_OPENSSL)
+
 #
 # Define NO_CURL if you do not have libcurl installed.  git-http-pull and
 # git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
 # transports.
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($CURLDIR)
+
 AC_CHECK_LIB([curl], [curl_global_init],
 [NO_CURL=],
 [NO_CURL=YesPlease])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($CURLDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NO_CURL)
+
 #
 # Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
 # not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($EXPATDIR)
+
 AC_CHECK_LIB([expat], [XML_ParserCreate],
 [NO_EXPAT=],
 [NO_EXPAT=YesPlease])
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($EXPATDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NO_EXPAT)
+
 #
 # Define NEEDS_LIBICONV if linking with libc is not enough (Darwin and
 # some Solaris installations).
 # Define NO_ICONV if neither libc nor libiconv support iconv.
+
+if test -z "$NO_ICONV"; then
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
 AC_DEFUN([ICONVTEST_SRC], [
 #include <iconv.h>
 
@@ -227,25 +432,52 @@ int main(void)
 	return 0;
 }
 ])
-AC_MSG_CHECKING([for iconv in -lc])
-AC_LINK_IFELSE(ICONVTEST_SRC,
+
+if test -n "$ICONVDIR"; then
+   lib_order="-liconv -lc"
+else
+   lib_order="-lc -liconv"
+fi
+
+NO_ICONV=YesPlease
+
+for l in $lib_order; do
+    if test "$l" = "-liconv"; then
+       NEEDS_LIBICONV=YesPlease
+    else
+       NEEDS_LIBICONV=
+    fi
+
+    old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+    LIBS="$LIBS $l"
+    AC_MSG_CHECKING([for iconv in $l])
+    AC_LINK_IFELSE(ICONVTEST_SRC,
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV=],
-	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
-	old_LIBS="$LIBS"
-	LIBS="$LIBS -liconv"
-	AC_MSG_CHECKING([for iconv in -liconv])
-	AC_LINK_IFELSE(ICONVTEST_SRC,
-		[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
-		NEEDS_LIBICONV=YesPlease],
-		[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
-		NO_ICONV=YesPlease])
-	LIBS="$old_LIBS"])
+	NO_ICONV=
+	break],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])])
+    LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+done
+
+#in case of break
+LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
 AC_SUBST(NEEDS_LIBICONV)
 AC_SUBST(NO_ICONV)
-test -n "$NEEDS_LIBICONV" && LIBS="$LIBS -liconv"
+
+if test -n "$NO_ICONV"; then
+    NEEDS_LIBICONV=
+fi
+
+fi
+
 #
 # Define NO_DEFLATE_BOUND if deflateBound is missing from zlib.
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
+
 AC_DEFUN([ZLIBTEST_SRC], [
 #include <zlib.h>
 
@@ -263,7 +495,11 @@ AC_LINK_IFELSE(ZLIBTEST_SRC,
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
 	NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=yes])
 LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
+
 AC_SUBST(NO_DEFLATE_BOUND)
+
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
 # Patrick Mauritz).
@@ -273,6 +509,21 @@ AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [socket],
 AC_SUBST(NEEDS_SOCKET)
 test -n "$NEEDS_SOCKET" && LIBS="$LIBS -lsocket"
 
+#
+# Define NEEDS_RESOLV if linking with -lnsl and/or -lsocket is not enough.
+# Notably on Solaris hstrerror resides in libresolv and on Solaris 7
+# inet_ntop and inet_pton additionally reside there.
+AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [hstrerror],
+[NEEDS_RESOLV=],
+[NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NEEDS_RESOLV)
+test -n "$NEEDS_RESOLV" && LIBS="$LIBS -lresolv"
+
+AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [basename],
+[NEEDS_LIBGEN=],
+[NEEDS_LIBGEN=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NEEDS_LIBGEN)
+test -n "$NEEDS_LIBGEN" && LIBS="$LIBS -lgen"
 
 ## Checks for header files.
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for header files])
@@ -297,13 +548,18 @@ int main(void)
 	return 0;
 }
 ]])
+
+GIT_STASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
 AC_MSG_CHECKING([for old iconv()])
 AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(OLDICONVTEST_SRC,
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
 	OLD_ICONV=UnfortunatelyYes])
-AC_SUBST(OLD_ICONV)
 
+GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
+
+AC_SUBST(OLD_ICONV)
 
 ## Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics])
@@ -428,6 +684,12 @@ AC_SUBST(SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS)
 ## (in default C library and libraries checked by AC_CHECK_LIB)
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for library functions])
 #
+# Define NO_LIBGEN_H if you don't have libgen.h.
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([libgen.h],
+[NO_LIBGEN_H=],
+[NO_LIBGEN_H=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_LIBGEN_H)
+#
 # Define NO_STRCASESTR if you don't have strcasestr.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strcasestr,
 [NO_STRCASESTR=],
@@ -478,6 +740,13 @@ GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkdtemp,
 [NO_MKDTEMP=YesPlease])
 AC_SUBST(NO_MKDTEMP)
 #
+# Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
+GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkstemps,
+[NO_MKSTEMPS=],
+[NO_MKSTEMPS=YesPlease])
+AC_SUBST(NO_MKSTEMPS)
+#
+#
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
 # Define NO_ICONV if your libc does not properly support iconv.
@@ -490,108 +759,68 @@ AC_SUBST(NO_MKDTEMP)
 # Define NO_SYMLINK_HEAD if you never want .git/HEAD to be a symbolic link.
 # Enable it on Windows.  By default, symrefs are still used.
 #
-# Define PTHREAD_LIBS to the linker flag used for Pthread support.
-AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
-  [[#include <pthread.h>]],
-  [[pthread_mutex_t test_mutex;]]
-)])
-${CC} -pthread conftest.c -o conftest.o > /dev/null 2>&1
-if test $? -eq 0;then
- PTHREAD_LIBS="-pthread"
+# Define NO_PTHREADS if we do not have pthreads
+#
+# Define PTHREAD_LIBS to the linker flag used for Pthread support and define
+# THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH if Pthreads are available.
+AC_DEFUN([PTHREADTEST_SRC], [
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	pthread_mutex_t test_mutex;
+	return (0);
+}
+])
+
+dnl AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+dnl   [[#include <pthread.h>]],
+dnl   [[pthread_mutex_t test_mutex;]]
+dnl )])
+
+NO_PTHREADS=UnfortunatelyYes
+THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=
+PTHREAD_LIBS=
+
+if test -n "$USER_NOPTHREAD"; then
+   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Skipping POSIX Threads at user request.])
+# handle these separately since PTHREAD_CFLAGS could be '-lpthreads
+# -D_REENTRANT' or some such.
+elif test -z "$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"; then
+  for opt in -pthread -lpthread; do
+     old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+     CFLAGS="$opt $CFLAGS"
+     AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$opt'])
+     AC_LINK_IFELSE(PTHREADTEST_SRC,
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+		NO_PTHREADS=
+		PTHREAD_LIBS="$opt"
+		THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=YesPlease
+		break
+	],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])])
+      CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
+  done
 else
- ${CC} -lpthread conftest.c -o conftest.o > /dev/null 2>&1
- if test $? -eq 0;then
-  PTHREAD_LIBS="-lpthread"
- fi
-fi
-AC_SUBST(PTHREAD_LIBS)
+  old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+  CFLAGS="$PTHREAD_CFLAGS $CFLAGS"
+  AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$PTHREAD_CFLAGS'])
+  AC_LINK_IFELSE(PTHREADTEST_SRC,
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+		NO_PTHREADS=
+		PTHREAD_LIBS="$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"
+		THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH=YesPlease
+	],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])])
 
-## Site configuration (override autodetection)
-## --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] and --without-PACKAGE
-AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for site configuration])
-#
-# Define NO_SVN_TESTS if you want to skip time-consuming SVN interoperability
-# tests.  These tests take up a significant amount of the total test time
-# but are not needed unless you plan to talk to SVN repos.
-#
-# Define MOZILLA_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine coming from Mozilla. It is GPL'd and should be fast
-# on non-x86 architectures (e.g. PowerPC), while the OpenSSL version (default
-# choice) has very fast version optimized for i586.
-#
-# Define PPC_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
-#
-# Define ARM_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
-# a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for ARM.
-#
-# Define NO_OPENSSL environment variable if you do not have OpenSSL.
-# This also implies MOZILLA_SHA1.
-#
-# Define OPENSSLDIR=/foo/bar if your openssl header and library files are in
-# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
-AC_ARG_WITH(openssl,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-openssl],[use OpenSSL library (default is YES)])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],              [ARG can be prefix for openssl library and headers]),\
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(openssl))
-#
-# Define NO_CURL if you do not have curl installed.  git-http-pull and
-# git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
-# transports.
-#
-# Define CURLDIR=/foo/bar if your curl header and library files are in
-# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
-AC_ARG_WITH(curl,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-curl],[support http(s):// transports (default is YES)])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],           [ARG can be also prefix for curl library and headers]),
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(curl))
-#
-# Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
-# not built, and you cannot push using http:// and https:// transports.
-#
-# Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
-# /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
-AC_ARG_WITH(expat,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-expat],
-[support git-push using http:// and https:// transports via WebDAV (default is YES)])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],            [ARG can be also prefix for expat library and headers]),
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(expat))
-#
-# Define NO_FINK if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X, have Fink
-# installed in /sw, but don't want GIT to link against any libraries
-# installed there.  If defined you may specify your own (or Fink's)
-# include directories and library directories by defining CFLAGS
-# and LDFLAGS appropriately.
-#
-# Define NO_DARWIN_PORTS if you are building on Darwin/Mac OS X,
-# have DarwinPorts installed in /opt/local, but don't want GIT to
-# link against any libraries installed there.  If defined you may
-# specify your own (or DarwinPort's) include directories and
-# library directories by defining CFLAGS and LDFLAGS appropriately.
-#
-# Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
-#
-# Define NO_ICONV if your libc does not properly support iconv.
-AC_ARG_WITH(iconv,
-AS_HELP_STRING([--without-iconv],
-[if your architecture doesn't properly support iconv])
-AS_HELP_STRING([--with-iconv=PATH],
-[PATH is prefix for libiconv library and headers])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],
-[used only if you need linking with libiconv]),
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(iconv))
+  CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
+fi
 
-## --enable-FEATURE[=ARG] and --disable-FEATURE
-#
-# Define USE_NSEC below if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes
-# and ctimes. Note that you need recent glibc (at least 2.2.4) for this, and
-# it will BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely
-# randomly break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second
-# times (my ext3 doesn't).
-#
-# Define USE_STDEV below if you want git to care about the underlying device
-# change being considered an inode change from the update-index perspective.
+CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
 
+AC_SUBST(PTHREAD_LIBS)
+AC_SUBST(NO_PTHREADS)
+AC_SUBST(THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH)
 
 ## Output files
 AC_CONFIG_FILES(["${config_file}":"${config_in}":"${config_append}"])
diff --git a/connect.c b/connect.c
index 584e04c21..db965c998 100644
--- a/connect.c
+++ b/connect.c
@@ -107,27 +107,6 @@ int server_supports(const char *feature)
 		strstr(server_capabilities, feature) != NULL;
 }
 
-int get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
-{
-	static char line[1000];
-	int len = packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line));
-
-	if (!len)
-		die("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
-	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
-		line[--len] = 0;
-	if (!strcmp(line, "NAK"))
-		return 0;
-	if (!prefixcmp(line, "ACK ")) {
-		if (!get_sha1_hex(line+4, result_sha1)) {
-			if (strstr(line+45, "continue"))
-				return 2;
-			return 1;
-		}
-	}
-	die("git fetch_pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'", line);
-}
-
 int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -177,18 +156,11 @@ static enum protocol get_protocol(const char *name)
 
 static const char *ai_name(const struct addrinfo *ai)
 {
-	static char addr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
-	if ( AF_INET == ai->ai_family ) {
-		struct sockaddr_in *in;
-		in = (struct sockaddr_in *)ai->ai_addr;
-		inet_ntop(ai->ai_family, &in->sin_addr, addr, sizeof(addr));
-	} else if ( AF_INET6 == ai->ai_family ) {
-		struct sockaddr_in6 *in;
-		in = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)ai->ai_addr;
-		inet_ntop(ai->ai_family, &in->sin6_addr, addr, sizeof(addr));
-	} else {
+	static char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
+	if (getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, addr, sizeof(addr), NULL, 0,
+			NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
 		strcpy(addr, "(unknown)");
-	}
+
 	return addr;
 }
 
@@ -315,7 +287,7 @@ static int git_tcp_connect_sock(char *host, int flags)
 		/* Not numeric */
 		struct servent *se = getservbyname(port,"tcp");
 		if ( !se )
-			die("Unknown port %s\n", port);
+			die("Unknown port %s", port);
 		nport = se->s_port;
 	}
 
@@ -373,8 +345,6 @@ static void git_tcp_connect(int fd[2], char *host, int flags)
 
 
 static char *git_proxy_command;
-static const char *rhost_name;
-static int rhost_len;
 
 static int git_proxy_command_options(const char *var, const char *value,
 		void *cb)
@@ -383,6 +353,8 @@ static int git_proxy_command_options(const char *var, const char *value,
 		const char *for_pos;
 		int matchlen = -1;
 		int hostlen;
+		const char *rhost_name = cb;
+		int rhost_len = strlen(rhost_name);
 
 		if (git_proxy_command)
 			return 0;
@@ -426,11 +398,8 @@ static int git_proxy_command_options(const char *var, const char *value,
 
 static int git_use_proxy(const char *host)
 {
-	rhost_name = host;
-	rhost_len = strlen(host);
 	git_proxy_command = getenv("GIT_PROXY_COMMAND");
-	git_config(git_proxy_command_options, NULL);
-	rhost_name = NULL;
+	git_config(git_proxy_command_options, (void*)host);
 	return (git_proxy_command && *git_proxy_command);
 }
 
@@ -474,14 +443,14 @@ static void git_proxy_connect(int fd[2], char *host)
 
 #define MAX_CMD_LEN 1024
 
-char *get_port(char *host)
+static char *get_port(char *host)
 {
 	char *end;
 	char *p = strchr(host, ':');
 
 	if (p) {
-		strtol(p+1, &end, 10);
-		if (*end == '\0') {
+		long port = strtol(p + 1, &end, 10);
+		if (end != p + 1 && *end == '\0' && 0 <= port && port < 65536) {
 			*p = '\0';
 			return p+1;
 		}
@@ -507,7 +476,7 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url_orig,
 				  const char *prog, int flags)
 {
 	char *url = xstrdup(url_orig);
-	char *host, *path = url;
+	char *host, *path;
 	char *end;
 	int c;
 	struct child_process *conn;
@@ -523,7 +492,7 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url_orig,
 	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
 
 	host = strstr(url, "://");
-	if(host) {
+	if (host) {
 		*host = '\0';
 		protocol = get_protocol(url);
 		host += 3;
@@ -589,7 +558,10 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url_orig,
 			git_tcp_connect(fd, host, flags);
 		/*
 		 * Separate original protocol components prog and path
-		 * from extended components with a NUL byte.
+		 * from extended host header with a NUL byte.
+		 *
+		 * Note: Do not add any other headers here!  Doing so
+		 * will cause older git-daemon servers to crash.
 		 */
 		packet_write(fd[1],
 			     "%s %s%chost=%s%c",
@@ -612,14 +584,18 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url_orig,
 		die("command line too long");
 
 	conn->in = conn->out = -1;
-	conn->argv = arg = xcalloc(6, sizeof(*arg));
+	conn->argv = arg = xcalloc(7, sizeof(*arg));
 	if (protocol == PROTO_SSH) {
 		const char *ssh = getenv("GIT_SSH");
+		int putty = ssh && strcasestr(ssh, "plink");
 		if (!ssh) ssh = "ssh";
 
 		*arg++ = ssh;
+		if (putty && !strcasestr(ssh, "tortoiseplink"))
+			*arg++ = "-batch";
 		if (port) {
-			*arg++ = "-p";
+			/* P is for PuTTY, p is for OpenSSH */
+			*arg++ = putty ? "-P" : "-p";
 			*arg++ = port;
 		}
 		*arg++ = host;
@@ -633,6 +609,7 @@ struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url_orig,
 			GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
 			GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT,
 			INDEX_ENVIRONMENT,
+			NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT,
 			NULL
 		};
 		conn->env = env;
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators.pm b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators.pm
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..408ef714b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package Generators;
+require Exporter;
+
+use strict;
+use File::Basename;
+no strict 'refs';
+use vars qw($VERSION @AVAILABLE);
+
+our $VERSION = '1.00';
+our(@ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, @AVAILABLE);
+@ISA = qw(Exporter);
+
+BEGIN {
+    local(*D);
+    my $me = $INC{"Generators.pm"};
+    die "Couldn't find myself in \@INC, which is required to load the generators!" if ("$me" eq "");
+    $me = dirname($me);
+    if (opendir(D,"$me/Generators")) {
+        foreach my $gen (readdir(D)) {
+            next if ($gen  =~ /^\.\.?$/);
+            require "${me}/Generators/$gen";
+            $gen =~ s,\.pm,,;
+            push(@AVAILABLE, $gen);
+        }
+        closedir(D);
+        my $gens = join(', ', @AVAILABLE);
+    }
+
+    push @EXPORT_OK, qw(available);
+}
+
+sub available {
+    return @AVAILABLE;
+}
+
+sub generate {
+    my ($gen, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure) = @_;
+    return eval("Generators::${gen}::generate(\$git_dir, \$out_dir, \$rel_dir, \%build_structure)") if grep(/^$gen$/, @AVAILABLE);
+    die "Generator \"${gen}\" is not available!\nAvailable generators are: @AVAILABLE\n";
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/QMake.pm b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/QMake.pm
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ff3b657e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/QMake.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+package Generators::QMake;
+require Exporter;
+
+use strict;
+use vars qw($VERSION);
+
+our $VERSION = '1.00';
+our(@ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, @AVAILABLE);
+@ISA = qw(Exporter);
+
+BEGIN {
+    push @EXPORT_OK, qw(generate);
+}
+
+sub generate {
+    my ($git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure) = @_;
+
+    my @libs = @{$build_structure{"LIBS"}};
+    foreach (@libs) {
+        createLibProject($_, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure);
+    }
+
+    my @apps = @{$build_structure{"APPS"}};
+    foreach (@apps) {
+        createAppProject($_, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure);
+    }
+
+    createGlueProject($git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub createLibProject {
+    my ($libname, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure) = @_;
+    print "Generate $libname lib project\n";
+    $rel_dir = "../$rel_dir";
+
+    my $sources = join(" \\\n\t", sort(map("$rel_dir/$_", @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_SOURCES"}})));
+    my $defines = join(" \\\n\t", sort(@{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_DEFINES"}}));
+    my $includes= join(" \\\n\t", sort(map("$rel_dir/$_", @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_INCLUDES"}})));
+    my $cflags  = join(" ", sort(@{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_CFLAGS"}}));
+
+    my $cflags_debug = $cflags;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-MT/-MTd/;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-O.//;
+
+    my $cflags_release = $cflags;
+    $cflags_release =~ s/-MTd/-MT/;
+
+    my @tmp  = @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_LFLAGS"}};
+    my @tmp2 = ();
+    foreach (@tmp) {
+        if (/^-LTCG/) {
+        } elsif (/^-L/) {
+            $_ =~ s/^-L/-LIBPATH:$rel_dir\//;
+        }
+        push(@tmp2, $_);
+    }
+    my $lflags = join(" ", sort(@tmp));
+
+    my $target = $libname;
+    $target =~ s/\//_/g;
+    $defines =~ s/-D//g;
+    $defines =~ s/"/\\\\"/g;
+    $includes =~ s/-I//g;
+    mkdir "$target" || die "Could not create the directory $target for lib project!\n";
+    open F, ">$target/$target.pro" || die "Could not open $target/$target.pro for writing!\n";
+    print F << "EOM";
+TEMPLATE = lib
+TARGET = $target
+DESTDIR = $rel_dir
+
+CONFIG -= qt
+CONFIG += static
+
+QMAKE_CFLAGS =
+QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE = $cflags_release
+QMAKE_CFLAGS_DEBUG = $cflags_debug
+QMAKE_LIBFLAGS = $lflags
+
+DEFINES += \\
+        $defines
+
+INCLUDEPATH += \\
+        $includes
+
+SOURCES += \\
+        $sources
+EOM
+    close F;
+}
+
+sub createAppProject {
+    my ($appname, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure) = @_;
+    print "Generate $appname app project\n";
+    $rel_dir = "../$rel_dir";
+
+    my $sources = join(" \\\n\t", sort(map("$rel_dir/$_", @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_SOURCES"}})));
+    my $defines = join(" \\\n\t", sort(@{$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_DEFINES"}}));
+    my $includes= join(" \\\n\t", sort(map("$rel_dir/$_", @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_INCLUDES"}})));
+    my $cflags  = join(" ", sort(@{$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_CFLAGS"}}));
+
+    my $cflags_debug = $cflags;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-MT/-MTd/;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-O.//;
+
+    my $cflags_release = $cflags;
+    $cflags_release =~ s/-MTd/-MT/;
+
+    my $libs;
+    foreach (sort(@{$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_LIBS"}})) {
+        $_ =~ s/\//_/g;
+        $libs .= " $_";
+    }
+    my @tmp  = @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_LFLAGS"}};
+    my @tmp2 = ();
+    foreach (@tmp) {
+        # next if ($_ eq "-NODEFAULTLIB:MSVCRT.lib");
+        if (/^-LTCG/) {
+        } elsif (/^-L/) {
+            $_ =~ s/^-L/-LIBPATH:$rel_dir\//;
+        }
+        push(@tmp2, $_);
+    }
+    my $lflags = join(" ", sort(@tmp));
+
+    my $target = $appname;
+    $target =~ s/\.exe//;
+    $target =~ s/\//_/g;
+    $defines =~ s/-D//g;
+    $defines =~ s/"/\\\\"/g;
+    $includes =~ s/-I//g;
+    mkdir "$target" || die "Could not create the directory $target for app project!\n";
+    open F, ">$target/$target.pro" || die "Could not open $target/$target.pro for writing!\n";
+    print F << "EOM";
+TEMPLATE = app
+TARGET = $target
+DESTDIR = $rel_dir
+
+CONFIG -= qt embed_manifest_exe
+CONFIG += console
+
+QMAKE_CFLAGS =
+QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE = $cflags_release
+QMAKE_CFLAGS_DEBUG = $cflags_debug
+QMAKE_LFLAGS = $lflags
+LIBS   = $libs
+
+DEFINES += \\
+        $defines
+
+INCLUDEPATH += \\
+        $includes
+
+win32:QMAKE_LFLAGS += -LIBPATH:$rel_dir
+else: QMAKE_LFLAGS += -L$rel_dir
+
+SOURCES += \\
+        $sources
+EOM
+    close F;
+}
+
+sub createGlueProject {
+    my ($git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure) = @_;
+    my $libs = join(" \\ \n", map("\t$_|$_.pro", @{$build_structure{"LIBS"}}));
+    my $apps = join(" \\ \n", map("\t$_|$_.pro", @{$build_structure{"APPS"}}));
+    $libs =~ s/\.a//g;
+    $libs =~ s/\//_/g;
+    $libs =~ s/\|/\//g;
+    $apps =~ s/\.exe//g;
+    $apps =~ s/\//_/g;
+    $apps =~ s/\|/\//g;
+
+    my $filename = $out_dir;
+    $filename =~ s/.*\/([^\/]+)$/$1/;
+    $filename =~ s/\/$//;
+    print "Generate glue project $filename.pro\n";
+    open F, ">$filename.pro" || die "Could not open $filename.pro for writing!\n";
+    print F << "EOM";
+TEMPLATE = subdirs
+CONFIG += ordered
+SUBDIRS += \\
+$libs \\
+$apps
+EOM
+    close F;
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcproj.pm b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcproj.pm
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cfa74adcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcproj.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,626 @@
+package Generators::Vcproj;
+require Exporter;
+
+use strict;
+use vars qw($VERSION);
+
+our $VERSION = '1.00';
+our(@ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, @AVAILABLE);
+@ISA = qw(Exporter);
+
+BEGIN {
+    push @EXPORT_OK, qw(generate);
+}
+
+my $guid_index = 0;
+my @GUIDS = (
+    "{E07B9989-2BF7-4F21-8918-BE22BA467AC3}",
+    "{278FFB51-0296-4A44-A81A-22B87B7C3592}",
+    "{7346A2C4-F0FD-444F-9EBE-1AF23B2B5650}",
+    "{67F421AC-EB34-4D49-820B-3196807B423F}",
+    "{385DCFE1-CC8C-4211-A451-80FCFC31CA51}",
+    "{97CC46C5-D2CC-4D26-B634-E75792B79916}",
+    "{C7CE21FE-6EF8-4012-A5C7-A22BCEDFBA11}",
+    "{51575134-3FDF-42D1-BABD-3FB12669C6C9}",
+    "{0AE195E4-9823-4B87-8E6F-20C5614AF2FF}",
+    "{4B918255-67CA-43BB-A46C-26704B666E6B}",
+    "{18CCFEEF-C8EE-4CC1-A265-26F95C9F4649}",
+    "{5D5D90FA-01B7-4973-AFE5-CA88C53AC197}",
+    "{1F054320-036D-49E1-B384-FB5DF0BC8AC0}",
+    "{7CED65EE-F2D9-4171-825B-C7D561FE5786}",
+    "{8D341679-0F07-4664-9A56-3BA0DE88B9BC}",
+    "{C189FEDC-2957-4BD7-9FA4-7622241EA145}",
+    "{66844203-1B9F-4C53-9274-164FFF95B847}",
+    "{E4FEA145-DECC-440D-AEEA-598CF381FD43}",
+    "{73300A8E-C8AC-41B0-B555-4F596B681BA7}",
+    "{873FDEB1-D01D-40BF-A1BF-8BBC58EC0F51}",
+    "{7922C8BE-76C5-4AC6-8BF7-885C0F93B782}",
+    "{E245D370-308B-4A49-BFC1-1E527827975F}",
+    "{F6FA957B-66FC-4ED7-B260-E59BBE4FE813}",
+    "{E6055070-0198-431A-BC49-8DB6CEE770AE}",
+    "{54159234-C3EB-43DA-906B-CE5DA5C74654}",
+    "{594CFC35-0B60-46F6-B8EF-9983ACC1187D}",
+    "{D93FCAB7-1F01-48D2-B832-F761B83231A5}",
+    "{DBA5E6AC-E7BE-42D3-8703-4E787141526E}",
+    "{6171953F-DD26-44C7-A3BE-CC45F86FC11F}",
+    "{9E19DDBE-F5E4-4A26-A2FE-0616E04879B8}",
+    "{AE81A615-99E3-4885-9CE0-D9CAA193E867}",
+    "{FBF4067E-1855-4F6C-8BCD-4D62E801A04D}",
+    "{17007948-6593-4AEB-8106-F7884B4F2C19}",
+    "{199D4C8D-8639-4DA6-82EF-08668C35DEE0}",
+    "{E085E50E-C140-4CF3-BE4B-094B14F0DDD6}",
+    "{00785268-A9CC-4E40-AC29-BAC0019159CE}",
+    "{4C06F56A-DCDB-46A6-B67C-02339935CF12}",
+    "{3A62D3FD-519E-4EC9-8171-D2C1BFEA022F}",
+    "{3A62D3FD-519E-4EC9-8171-D2C1BFEA022F}",
+    "{9392EB58-D7BA-410B-B1F0-B2FAA6BC89A7}",
+    "{2ACAB2D5-E0CE-4027-BCA0-D78B2D7A6C66}",
+    "{86E216C3-43CE-481A-BCB2-BE5E62850635}",
+    "{FB631291-7923-4B91-9A57-7B18FDBB7A42}",
+    "{0A176EC9-E934-45B8-B87F-16C7F4C80039}",
+    "{DF55CA80-46E8-4C53-B65B-4990A23DD444}",
+    "{3A0F9895-55D2-4710-BE5E-AD7498B5BF44}",
+    "{294BDC5A-F448-48B6-8110-DD0A81820F8C}",
+    "{4B9F66E9-FAC9-47AB-B1EF-C16756FBFD06}",
+    "{72EA49C6-2806-48BD-B81B-D4905102E19C}",
+    "{5728EB7E-8929-486C-8CD5-3238D060E768}"
+);
+
+sub generate {
+    my ($git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure) = @_;
+    my @libs = @{$build_structure{"LIBS"}};
+    foreach (@libs) {
+        createLibProject($_, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, \%build_structure);
+    }
+
+    my @apps = @{$build_structure{"APPS"}};
+    foreach (@apps) {
+        createAppProject($_, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, \%build_structure);
+    }
+
+    createGlueProject($git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub createLibProject {
+    my ($libname, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, $build_structure) = @_;
+    print "Generate $libname vcproj lib project\n";
+    $rel_dir = "..\\$rel_dir";
+    $rel_dir =~ s/\//\\/g;
+
+    my $target = $libname;
+    $target =~ s/\//_/g;
+    $target =~ s/\.a//;
+
+    my $uuid = $GUIDS[$guid_index];
+    $$build_structure{"LIBS_${target}_GUID"} = $uuid;
+    $guid_index += 1;
+
+    my @srcs = sort(map("$rel_dir\\$_", @{$$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_SOURCES"}}));
+    my @sources;
+    foreach (@srcs) {
+        $_ =~ s/\//\\/g;
+        push(@sources, $_);
+    }
+    my $defines = join(",", sort(@{$$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_DEFINES"}}));
+    my $includes= join(";", sort(map("&quot;$rel_dir\\$_&quot;", @{$$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_INCLUDES"}})));
+    my $cflags  = join(" ", sort(@{$$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_CFLAGS"}}));
+    $cflags =~ s/\"/&quot;/g;
+
+    my $cflags_debug = $cflags;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-MT/-MTd/;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-O.//;
+
+    my $cflags_release = $cflags;
+    $cflags_release =~ s/-MTd/-MT/;
+
+    my @tmp  = @{$$build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_LFLAGS"}};
+    my @tmp2 = ();
+    foreach (@tmp) {
+        if (/^-LTCG/) {
+        } elsif (/^-L/) {
+            $_ =~ s/^-L/-LIBPATH:$rel_dir\//;
+        }
+        push(@tmp2, $_);
+    }
+    my $lflags = join(" ", sort(@tmp));
+
+    $defines =~ s/-D//g;
+    $defines =~ s/\"/\\&quot;/g;
+    $defines =~ s/\'//g;
+    $includes =~ s/-I//g;
+    mkdir "$target" || die "Could not create the directory $target for lib project!\n";
+    open F, ">$target/$target.vcproj" || die "Could not open $target/$target.pro for writing!\n";
+    binmode F, ":crlf";
+    print F << "EOM";
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding = "Windows-1252"?>
+<VisualStudioProject
+	ProjectType="Visual C++"
+	Version="9,00"
+	Name="$target"
+	ProjectGUID="$uuid">
+	<Platforms>
+		<Platform
+			Name="Win32"/>
+	</Platforms>
+	<ToolFiles>
+	</ToolFiles>
+	<Configurations>
+		<Configuration
+			Name="Debug|Win32"
+			OutputDirectory="$rel_dir"
+			ConfigurationType="4"
+			CharacterSet="0"
+			IntermediateDirectory="\$(ProjectDir)\$(ConfigurationName)"
+			>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCustomBuildTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXMLDataGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCMIDLTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCLCompilerTool"
+				AdditionalOptions="$cflags_debug"
+				Optimization="0"
+				InlineFunctionExpansion="1"
+				AdditionalIncludeDirectories="$includes"
+				PreprocessorDefinitions="WIN32,_DEBUG,$defines"
+				MinimalRebuild="true"
+				RuntimeLibrary="1"
+				UsePrecompiledHeader="0"
+				ProgramDataBaseFileName="\$(IntDir)\\\$(TargetName).pdb"
+				WarningLevel="3"
+				DebugInformationFormat="3"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCManagedResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreLinkEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCLibrarianTool"
+				SuppressStartupBanner="true"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCALinkTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXDCMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCBscMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCFxCopTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPostBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+		</Configuration>
+		<Configuration
+			Name="Release|Win32"
+			OutputDirectory="$rel_dir"
+			ConfigurationType="4"
+			CharacterSet="0"
+			WholeProgramOptimization="1"
+			IntermediateDirectory="\$(ProjectDir)\$(ConfigurationName)"
+			>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCustomBuildTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXMLDataGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCMIDLTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCLCompilerTool"
+				AdditionalOptions="$cflags_release"
+				Optimization="2"
+				InlineFunctionExpansion="1"
+				EnableIntrinsicFunctions="true"
+				AdditionalIncludeDirectories="$includes"
+				PreprocessorDefinitions="WIN32,NDEBUG,$defines"
+				RuntimeLibrary="0"
+				EnableFunctionLevelLinking="true"
+				UsePrecompiledHeader="0"
+				ProgramDataBaseFileName="\$(IntDir)\\\$(TargetName).pdb"
+				WarningLevel="3"
+				DebugInformationFormat="3"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCManagedResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreLinkEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCLibrarianTool"
+				SuppressStartupBanner="true"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCALinkTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXDCMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCBscMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCFxCopTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPostBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+		</Configuration>
+	</Configurations>
+	<Files>
+		<Filter
+			Name="Source Files"
+			Filter="cpp;c;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm;asmx"
+			UniqueIdentifier="{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}">
+EOM
+    foreach(@sources) {
+        print F << "EOM";
+			<File
+				RelativePath="$_"/>
+EOM
+    }
+    print F << "EOM";
+		</Filter>
+	</Files>
+	<Globals>
+	</Globals>
+</VisualStudioProject>
+EOM
+    close F;
+}
+
+sub createAppProject {
+    my ($appname, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, $build_structure) = @_;
+    print "Generate $appname vcproj app project\n";
+    $rel_dir = "..\\$rel_dir";
+    $rel_dir =~ s/\//\\/g;
+
+    my $target = $appname;
+    $target =~ s/\//_/g;
+    $target =~ s/\.exe//;
+
+    my $uuid = $GUIDS[$guid_index];
+    $$build_structure{"APPS_${target}_GUID"} = $uuid;
+    $guid_index += 1;
+
+    my @srcs = sort(map("$rel_dir\\$_", @{$$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_SOURCES"}}));
+    my @sources;
+    foreach (@srcs) {
+        $_ =~ s/\//\\/g;
+        push(@sources, $_);
+    }
+    my $defines = join(",", sort(@{$$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_DEFINES"}}));
+    my $includes= join(";", sort(map("&quot;$rel_dir\\$_&quot;", @{$$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_INCLUDES"}})));
+    my $cflags  = join(" ", sort(@{$$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_CFLAGS"}}));
+    $cflags =~ s/\"/&quot;/g;
+
+    my $cflags_debug = $cflags;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-MT/-MTd/;
+    $cflags_debug =~ s/-O.//;
+
+    my $cflags_release = $cflags;
+    $cflags_release =~ s/-MTd/-MT/;
+
+    my $libs;
+    foreach (sort(@{$$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_LIBS"}})) {
+        $_ =~ s/\//_/g;
+        $libs .= " $_";
+    }
+    my @tmp  = @{$$build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_LFLAGS"}};
+    my @tmp2 = ();
+    foreach (@tmp) {
+        if (/^-LTCG/) {
+        } elsif (/^-L/) {
+            $_ =~ s/^-L/-LIBPATH:$rel_dir\//;
+        }
+        push(@tmp2, $_);
+    }
+    my $lflags = join(" ", sort(@tmp)) . " -LIBPATH:$rel_dir";
+
+    $defines =~ s/-D//g;
+    $defines =~ s/\"/\\&quot;/g;
+    $defines =~ s/\'//g;
+    $defines =~ s/\\\\/\\/g;
+    $includes =~ s/-I//g;
+    mkdir "$target" || die "Could not create the directory $target for lib project!\n";
+    open F, ">$target/$target.vcproj" || die "Could not open $target/$target.pro for writing!\n";
+    binmode F, ":crlf";
+    print F << "EOM";
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding = "Windows-1252"?>
+<VisualStudioProject
+	ProjectType="Visual C++"
+	Version="9,00"
+	Name="$target"
+	ProjectGUID="$uuid">
+	<Platforms>
+		<Platform
+			Name="Win32"/>
+	</Platforms>
+	<ToolFiles>
+	</ToolFiles>
+	<Configurations>
+		<Configuration
+			Name="Debug|Win32"
+			OutputDirectory="$rel_dir"
+			ConfigurationType="1"
+			CharacterSet="0"
+			IntermediateDirectory="\$(ProjectDir)\$(ConfigurationName)"
+			>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCustomBuildTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXMLDataGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCMIDLTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCLCompilerTool"
+				AdditionalOptions="$cflags_debug"
+				Optimization="0"
+				InlineFunctionExpansion="1"
+				AdditionalIncludeDirectories="$includes"
+				PreprocessorDefinitions="WIN32,_DEBUG,$defines"
+				MinimalRebuild="true"
+				RuntimeLibrary="1"
+				UsePrecompiledHeader="0"
+				ProgramDataBaseFileName="\$(IntDir)\\\$(TargetName).pdb"
+				WarningLevel="3"
+				DebugInformationFormat="3"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCManagedResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreLinkEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCLinkerTool"
+				AdditionalDependencies="$libs"
+				AdditionalOptions="$lflags"
+				LinkIncremental="2"
+				GenerateDebugInformation="true"
+				SubSystem="1"
+				TargetMachine="1"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCALinkTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXDCMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCBscMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCFxCopTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPostBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+		</Configuration>
+		<Configuration
+			Name="Release|Win32"
+			OutputDirectory="$rel_dir"
+			ConfigurationType="1"
+			CharacterSet="0"
+			WholeProgramOptimization="1"
+			IntermediateDirectory="\$(ProjectDir)\$(ConfigurationName)"
+			>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCustomBuildTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXMLDataGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCMIDLTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCLCompilerTool"
+				AdditionalOptions="$cflags_release"
+				Optimization="2"
+				InlineFunctionExpansion="1"
+				EnableIntrinsicFunctions="true"
+				AdditionalIncludeDirectories="$includes"
+				PreprocessorDefinitions="WIN32,NDEBUG,$defines"
+				RuntimeLibrary="0"
+				EnableFunctionLevelLinking="true"
+				UsePrecompiledHeader="0"
+				ProgramDataBaseFileName="\$(IntDir)\\\$(TargetName).pdb"
+				WarningLevel="3"
+				DebugInformationFormat="3"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCManagedResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCResourceCompilerTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreLinkEventTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCLinkerTool"
+				AdditionalDependencies="$libs"
+				AdditionalOptions="$lflags"
+				LinkIncremental="1"
+				GenerateDebugInformation="true"
+				SubSystem="1"
+				TargetMachine="1"
+				OptimizeReferences="2"
+				EnableCOMDATFolding="2"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCALinkTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCXDCMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCBscMakeTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCFxCopTool"
+			/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPostBuildEventTool"
+			/>
+		</Configuration>
+	</Configurations>
+	<Files>
+		<Filter
+			Name="Source Files"
+			Filter="cpp;c;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm;asmx"
+			UniqueIdentifier="{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}">
+EOM
+    foreach(@sources) {
+        print F << "EOM";
+			<File
+				RelativePath="$_"/>
+EOM
+    }
+    print F << "EOM";
+		</Filter>
+	</Files>
+	<Globals>
+	</Globals>
+</VisualStudioProject>
+EOM
+    close F;
+}
+
+sub createGlueProject {
+    my ($git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure) = @_;
+    print "Generate solutions file\n";
+    $rel_dir = "..\\$rel_dir";
+    $rel_dir =~ s/\//\\/g;
+    my $SLN_HEAD = "Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 10.00\n# Visual Studio 2008\n";
+    my $SLN_PRE  = "Project(\"{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}\") = ";
+    my $SLN_POST = "\nEndProject\n";
+
+    my @libs = @{$build_structure{"LIBS"}};
+    my @tmp;
+    foreach (@libs) {
+        $_ =~ s/\//_/g;
+        $_ =~ s/\.a//;
+        push(@tmp, $_);
+    }
+    @libs = @tmp;
+
+    my @apps = @{$build_structure{"APPS"}};
+    @tmp = ();
+    foreach (@apps) {
+        $_ =~ s/\//_/g;
+        $_ =~ s/\.exe//;
+        push(@tmp, $_);
+    }
+    @apps = @tmp;
+
+    open F, ">git.sln" || die "Could not open git.sln for writing!\n";
+    binmode F, ":crlf";
+    print F "$SLN_HEAD";
+    foreach (@libs) {
+        my $libname = $_;
+        my $uuid = $build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_GUID"};
+        print F "$SLN_PRE";
+        print F "\"${libname}\", \"${libname}\\${libname}.vcproj\", \"${uuid}\"";
+        print F "$SLN_POST";
+    }
+    my $uuid_libgit = $build_structure{"LIBS_libgit_GUID"};
+    my $uuid_xdiff_lib = $build_structure{"LIBS_xdiff_lib_GUID"};
+    foreach (@apps) {
+        my $appname = $_;
+        my $uuid = $build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_GUID"};
+        print F "$SLN_PRE";
+        print F "\"${appname}\", \"${appname}\\${appname}.vcproj\", \"${uuid}\"\n";
+        print F "	ProjectSection(ProjectDependencies) = postProject\n";
+        print F "		${uuid_libgit} = ${uuid_libgit}\n";
+        print F "		${uuid_xdiff_lib} = ${uuid_xdiff_lib}\n";
+        print F "	EndProjectSection";
+        print F "$SLN_POST";
+    }
+
+    print F << "EOM";
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|Win32 = Debug|Win32
+		Release|Win32 = Release|Win32
+	EndGlobalSection
+EOM
+    print F << "EOM";
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+EOM
+    foreach (@libs) {
+        my $libname = $_;
+        my $uuid = $build_structure{"LIBS_${libname}_GUID"};
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32\n";
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32\n";
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32\n";
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32\n";
+    }
+    foreach (@apps) {
+        my $appname = $_;
+        my $uuid = $build_structure{"APPS_${appname}_GUID"};
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32\n";
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32\n";
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32\n";
+        print F "\t\t${uuid}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32\n";
+    }
+
+    print F << "EOM";
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal
+EOM
+    close F;
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/engine.pl b/contrib/buildsystems/engine.pl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d506717bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/engine.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+######################################################################
+# Do not call this script directly!
+#
+# The generate script ensures that @INC is correct before the engine
+# is executed.
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Marius Storm-Olsen <mstormo@gmail.com>
+######################################################################
+use strict;
+use File::Basename;
+use File::Spec;
+use Cwd;
+use Generators;
+
+my (%build_structure, %compile_options, @makedry);
+my $out_dir = getcwd();
+my $git_dir = $out_dir;
+$git_dir =~ s=\\=/=g;
+$git_dir = dirname($git_dir) while (!-e "$git_dir/git.c" && "$git_dir" ne "");
+die "Couldn't find Git repo" if ("$git_dir" eq "");
+
+my @gens = Generators::available();
+my $gen = "Vcproj";
+
+sub showUsage
+{
+    my $genlist = join(', ', @gens);
+    print << "EOM";
+generate usage:
+  -g <GENERATOR>  --gen <GENERATOR> Specify the buildsystem generator    (default: $gen)
+                                    Available: $genlist
+  -o <PATH>       --out <PATH>      Specify output directory generation  (default: .)
+  -i <FILE>       --in <FILE>       Specify input file, instead of running GNU Make
+  -h,-?           --help            This help
+EOM
+    exit 0;
+}
+
+# Parse command-line options
+while (@ARGV) {
+    my $arg = shift @ARGV;
+    if ("$arg" eq "-h" || "$arg" eq "--help" || "$arg" eq "-?") {
+	showUsage();
+	exit(0);
+    } elsif("$arg" eq "--out" || "$arg" eq "-o") {
+	$out_dir = shift @ARGV;
+    } elsif("$arg" eq "--gen" || "$arg" eq "-g") {
+	$gen = shift @ARGV;
+    } elsif("$arg" eq "--in" || "$arg" eq "-i") {
+	my $infile = shift @ARGV;
+        open(F, "<$infile") || die "Couldn't open file $infile";
+        @makedry = <F>;
+        close(F);
+    }
+}
+
+# NOT using File::Spec->rel2abs($path, $base) here, as
+# it fails badly for me in the msysgit environment
+$git_dir = File::Spec->rel2abs($git_dir);
+$out_dir = File::Spec->rel2abs($out_dir);
+my $rel_dir = makeOutRel2Git($git_dir, $out_dir);
+
+# Print some information so the user feels informed
+print << "EOM";
+-----
+Generator: $gen
+Git dir:   $git_dir
+Out dir:   $out_dir
+-----
+Running GNU Make to figure out build structure...
+EOM
+
+# Pipe a make --dry-run into a variable, if not already loaded from file
+@makedry = `cd $git_dir && make -n MSVC=1 V=1 2>/dev/null` if !@makedry;
+
+# Parse the make output into usable info
+parseMakeOutput();
+
+# Finally, ask the generator to start generating..
+Generators::generate($gen, $git_dir, $out_dir, $rel_dir, %build_structure);
+
+# main flow ends here
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# 1) path: /foo/bar/baz        2) path: /foo/bar/baz   3) path: /foo/bar/baz
+#    base: /foo/bar/baz/temp      base: /foo/bar          base: /tmp
+#    rel:  ..                     rel:  baz               rel:  ../foo/bar/baz
+sub makeOutRel2Git
+{
+    my ($path, $base) = @_;
+    my $rel;
+    if ("$path" eq "$base") {
+        return ".";
+    } elsif ($base =~ /^$path/) {
+        # case 1
+        my $tmp = $base;
+        $tmp =~ s/^$path//;
+        foreach (split('/', $tmp)) {
+            $rel .= "../" if ("$_" ne "");
+        }
+    } elsif ($path =~ /^$base/) {
+        # case 2
+        $rel = $path;
+        $rel =~ s/^$base//;
+        $rel = "./$rel";
+    } else {
+        my $tmp = $base;
+        foreach (split('/', $tmp)) {
+            $rel .= "../" if ("$_" ne "");
+        }
+        $rel .= $path;
+    }
+    $rel =~ s/\/\//\//g; # simplify
+    $rel =~ s/\/$//;     # don't end with /
+    return $rel;
+}
+
+sub parseMakeOutput
+{
+    print "Parsing GNU Make output to figure out build structure...\n";
+    my $line = 0;
+    while (my $text = shift @makedry) {
+        my $ate_next;
+        do {
+            $ate_next = 0;
+            $line++;
+            chomp $text;
+            chop $text if ($text =~ /\r$/);
+            if ($text =~ /\\$/) {
+                $text =~ s/\\$//;
+                $text .= shift @makedry;
+                $ate_next = 1;
+            }
+        } while($ate_next);
+
+        if($text =~ / -c /) {
+            # compilation
+            handleCompileLine($text, $line);
+
+        } elsif ($text =~ / -o /) {
+            # linking executable
+            handleLinkLine($text, $line);
+
+        } elsif ($text =~ /\.o / && $text =~ /\.a /) {
+            # libifying
+            handleLibLine($text, $line);
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^cp /) {
+#            # copy file around
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^rm -f /) {
+#            # shell command
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^make[ \[]/) {
+#            # make output
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^echo /) {
+#            # echo to file
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^if /) {
+#            # shell conditional
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^tclsh /) {
+#            # translation stuff
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^umask /) {
+#            # handling boilerplates
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /\$\(\:\)/) {
+#            # ignore
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^FLAGS=/) {
+#            # flags check for dependencies
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^'\/usr\/bin\/perl' -MError -e/) {
+#            # perl commands for copying files
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /generate-cmdlist\.sh/) {
+#            # command for generating list of commands
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /^test / && $text =~ /|| rm -f /) {
+#            # commands removing executables, if they exist
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /new locations or Tcl/) {
+#            # command for detecting Tcl/Tk changes
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /mkdir -p/) {
+#            # command creating path
+#
+#        } elsif ($text =~ /: no custom templates yet/) {
+#            # whatever
+#
+#        } else {
+#            print "Unhandled (line: $line): $text\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+#    use Data::Dumper;
+#    print "Parsed build structure:\n";
+#    print Dumper(%build_structure);
+}
+
+# variables for the compilation part of each step
+my (@defines, @incpaths, @cflags, @sources);
+
+sub clearCompileStep
+{
+    @defines = ();
+    @incpaths = ();
+    @cflags = ();
+    @sources = ();
+}
+
+sub removeDuplicates
+{
+    my (%dupHash, $entry);
+    %dupHash = map { $_, 1 } @defines;
+    @defines = keys %dupHash;
+
+    %dupHash = map { $_, 1 } @incpaths;
+    @incpaths = keys %dupHash;
+
+    %dupHash = map { $_, 1 } @cflags;
+    @cflags = keys %dupHash;
+}
+
+sub handleCompileLine
+{
+    my ($line, $lineno) = @_;
+    my @parts = split(' ', $line);
+    my $sourcefile;
+    shift(@parts); # ignore cmd
+    while (my $part = shift @parts) {
+        if ("$part" eq "-o") {
+            # ignore object file
+            shift @parts;
+        } elsif ("$part" eq "-c") {
+            # ignore compile flag
+        } elsif ("$part" eq "-c") {
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^.?-I/) {
+            push(@incpaths, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^.?-D/) {
+            push(@defines, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^-/) {
+            push(@cflags, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(c|cc|cpp)$/) {
+            $sourcefile = $part;
+        } else {
+            die "Unhandled compiler option @ line $lineno: $part";
+        }
+    }
+    @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_CFLAGS"}} = @cflags;
+    @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_DEFINES"}} = @defines;
+    @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_INCPATHS"}} = @incpaths;
+    clearCompileStep();
+}
+
+sub handleLibLine
+{
+    my ($line, $lineno) = @_;
+    my (@objfiles, @lflags, $libout, $part);
+    # kill cmd and rm 'prefix'
+    $line =~ s/^rm -f .* && .* rcs //;
+    my @parts = split(' ', $line);
+    while ($part = shift @parts) {
+        if ($part =~ /^-/) {
+            push(@lflags, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(o|obj)$/) {
+            push(@objfiles, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(a|lib)$/) {
+            $libout = $part;
+            $libout =~ s/\.a$//;
+        } else {
+            die "Unhandled lib option @ line $lineno: $part";
+        }
+    }
+#    print "LibOut: '$libout'\nLFlags: @lflags\nOfiles: @objfiles\n";
+#    exit(1);
+    foreach (@objfiles) {
+        my $sourcefile = $_;
+        $sourcefile =~ s/\.o/.c/;
+        push(@sources, $sourcefile);
+        push(@cflags, @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_CFLAGS"}});
+        push(@defines, @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_DEFINES"}});
+        push(@incpaths, @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_INCPATHS"}});
+    }
+    removeDuplicates();
+
+    push(@{$build_structure{"LIBS"}}, $libout);
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}"}} = ("_DEFINES", "_INCLUDES", "_CFLAGS", "_SOURCES",
+                                             "_OBJECTS");
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_DEFINES"}} = @defines;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_INCLUDES"}} = @incpaths;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_CFLAGS"}} = @cflags;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_LFLAGS"}} = @lflags;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_SOURCES"}} = @sources;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_OBJECTS"}} = @objfiles;
+    clearCompileStep();
+}
+
+sub handleLinkLine
+{
+    my ($line, $lineno) = @_;
+    my (@objfiles, @lflags, @libs, $appout, $part);
+    my @parts = split(' ', $line);
+    shift(@parts); # ignore cmd
+    while ($part = shift @parts) {
+        if ($part =~ /^-IGNORE/) {
+            push(@lflags, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^-[GRIMDO]/) {
+            # eat compiler flags
+        } elsif ("$part" eq "-o") {
+            $appout = shift @parts;
+        } elsif ("$part" eq "-lz") {
+            push(@libs, "zlib.lib");
+	} elsif ("$part" eq "-lcrypto") {
+            push(@libs, "libeay32.lib");
+            push(@libs, "ssleay32.lib");
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^-/) {
+            push(@lflags, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(a|lib)$/) {
+            $part =~ s/\.a$/.lib/;
+            push(@libs, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(o|obj)$/) {
+            push(@objfiles, $part);
+        } else {
+            die "Unhandled lib option @ line $lineno: $part";
+        }
+    }
+#    print "AppOut: '$appout'\nLFlags: @lflags\nLibs  : @libs\nOfiles: @objfiles\n";
+#    exit(1);
+    foreach (@objfiles) {
+        my $sourcefile = $_;
+        $sourcefile =~ s/\.o/.c/;
+        push(@sources, $sourcefile);
+        push(@cflags, @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_CFLAGS"}});
+        push(@defines, @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_DEFINES"}});
+        push(@incpaths, @{$compile_options{"${sourcefile}_INCPATHS"}});
+    }
+    removeDuplicates();
+
+    removeDuplicates();
+    push(@{$build_structure{"APPS"}}, $appout);
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}"}} = ("_DEFINES", "_INCLUDES", "_CFLAGS", "_LFLAGS",
+                                             "_SOURCES", "_OBJECTS", "_LIBS");
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_DEFINES"}} = @defines;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_INCLUDES"}} = @incpaths;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_CFLAGS"}} = @cflags;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_LFLAGS"}} = @lflags;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_SOURCES"}} = @sources;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_OBJECTS"}} = @objfiles;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_LIBS"}} = @libs;
+    clearCompileStep();
+}
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/generate b/contrib/buildsystems/generate
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bc10f25ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/generate
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+######################################################################
+# Generate buildsystem files
+#
+# This script generate buildsystem files based on the output of a
+# GNU Make --dry-run, enabling Windows users to develop Git with their
+# trusted IDE with native projects.
+#
+# Note:
+# It is not meant as *the* way of building Git with MSVC, but merely a
+# convenience. The correct way of building Git with MSVC is to use the
+# GNU Make tool to build with the maintained Makefile in the root of
+# the project. If you have the msysgit environment installed and
+# available in your current console, together with the Visual Studio
+# environment you wish to build for, all you have to do is run the
+# command:
+#     make MSVC=1
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Marius Storm-Olsen <mstormo@gmail.com>
+######################################################################
+use strict;
+use File::Basename;
+use Cwd;
+
+my $git_dir = getcwd();
+$git_dir =~ s=\\=/=g;
+$git_dir = dirname($git_dir) while (!-e "$git_dir/git.c" && "$git_dir" ne "");
+die "Couldn't find Git repo" if ("$git_dir" eq "");
+exec join(" ", ("PERL5LIB=${git_dir}/contrib/buildsystems ${git_dir}/contrib/buildsystems/engine.pl", @ARGV));
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/parse.pl b/contrib/buildsystems/parse.pl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c9656ece9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/parse.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+######################################################################
+# Do not call this script directly!
+#
+# The generate script ensures that @INC is correct before the engine
+# is executed.
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Marius Storm-Olsen <mstormo@gmail.com>
+######################################################################
+use strict;
+use File::Basename;
+use Cwd;
+
+my $file = $ARGV[0];
+die "No file provided!" if !defined $file;
+
+my ($cflags, $target, $type, $line);
+
+open(F, "<$file") || die "Couldn't open file $file";
+my @data = <F>;
+close(F);
+
+while (my $text = shift @data) {
+    my $ate_next;
+    do {
+        $ate_next = 0;
+        $line++;
+        chomp $text;
+        chop $text if ($text =~ /\r$/);
+        if ($text =~ /\\$/) {
+            $text =~ s/\\$//;
+            $text .= shift @data;
+            $ate_next = 1;
+        }
+    } while($ate_next);
+
+    if($text =~ / -c /) {
+        # compilation
+        handleCompileLine($text, $line);
+
+    } elsif ($text =~ / -o /) {
+        # linking executable
+        handleLinkLine($text, $line);
+
+    } elsif ($text =~ /\.o / && $text =~ /\.a /) {
+        # libifying
+        handleLibLine($text, $line);
+
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^cp /) {
+#        # copy file around
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^rm -f /) {
+#        # shell command
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^make[ \[]/) {
+#        # make output
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^echo /) {
+#        # echo to file
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^if /) {
+#        # shell conditional
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^tclsh /) {
+#        # translation stuff
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^umask /) {
+#        # handling boilerplates
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /\$\(\:\)/) {
+#        # ignore
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^FLAGS=/) {
+#        # flags check for dependencies
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^'\/usr\/bin\/perl' -MError -e/) {
+#        # perl commands for copying files
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /generate-cmdlist\.sh/) {
+#        # command for generating list of commands
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /^test / && $text =~ /|| rm -f /) {
+#        # commands removing executables, if they exist
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /new locations or Tcl/) {
+#        # command for detecting Tcl/Tk changes
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /mkdir -p/) {
+#        # command creating path
+#
+#    } elsif ($text =~ /: no custom templates yet/) {
+#        # whatever
+
+    } else {
+#        print "Unhandled (line: $line): $text\n";
+    }
+}
+close(F);
+
+# use Data::Dumper;
+# print "Parsed build structure:\n";
+# print Dumper(%build_structure);
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Functions under here
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------
+my (%build_structure, @defines, @incpaths, @cflags, @sources);
+
+sub clearCompileStep
+{
+    @defines = ();
+    @incpaths = ();
+    @cflags = ();
+    @sources = ();
+}
+
+sub removeDuplicates
+{
+    my (%dupHash, $entry);
+    %dupHash = map { $_, 1 } @defines;
+    @defines = keys %dupHash;
+
+    %dupHash = map { $_, 1 } @incpaths;
+    @incpaths = keys %dupHash;
+
+    %dupHash = map { $_, 1 } @cflags;
+    @cflags = keys %dupHash;
+
+    %dupHash = map { $_, 1 } @sources;
+    @sources = keys %dupHash;
+}
+
+sub handleCompileLine
+{
+    my ($line, $lineno) = @_;
+    my @parts = split(' ', $line);
+    shift(@parts); # ignore cmd
+    while (my $part = shift @parts) {
+        if ("$part" eq "-o") {
+            # ignore object file
+            shift @parts;
+        } elsif ("$part" eq "-c") {
+            # ignore compile flag
+        } elsif ("$part" eq "-c") {
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^.?-I/) {
+            push(@incpaths, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^.?-D/) {
+            push(@defines, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^-/) {
+            push(@cflags, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(c|cc|cpp)$/) {
+            push(@sources, $part);
+        } else {
+            die "Unhandled compiler option @ line $lineno: $part";
+        }
+    }
+    #print "Sources: @sources\nCFlags: @cflags\nDefine: @defines\nIncpat: @incpaths\n";
+    #exit(1);
+}
+
+sub handleLibLine
+{
+    my ($line, $lineno) = @_;
+    my (@objfiles, @lflags, $libout, $part);
+    # kill cmd and rm 'prefix'
+    $line =~ s/^rm -f .* && .* rcs //;
+    my @parts = split(' ', $line);
+    while ($part = shift @parts) {
+        if ($part =~ /^-/) {
+            push(@lflags, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(o|obj)$/) {
+            push(@objfiles, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(a|lib)$/) {
+            $libout = $part;
+        } else {
+            die "Unhandled lib option @ line $lineno: $part";
+        }
+    }
+    #print "LibOut: '$libout'\nLFlags: @lflags\nOfiles: @objfiles\n";
+    #exit(1);
+    removeDuplicates();
+    push(@{$build_structure{"LIBS"}}, $libout);
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}"}} = ("_DEFINES", "_INCLUDES", "_CFLAGS", "_SOURCES",
+                                             "_OBJECTS");
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_DEFINES"}} = @defines;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_INCLUDES"}} = @incpaths;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_CFLAGS"}} = @cflags;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_SOURCES"}} = @sources;
+    @{$build_structure{"LIBS_${libout}_OBJECTS"}} = @objfiles;
+    clearCompileStep();
+}
+
+sub handleLinkLine
+{
+    my ($line, $lineno) = @_;
+    my (@objfiles, @lflags, @libs, $appout, $part);
+    my @parts = split(' ', $line);
+    shift(@parts); # ignore cmd
+    while ($part = shift @parts) {
+        if ($part =~ /^-[GRIDO]/) {
+            # eat compiler flags
+        } elsif ("$part" eq "-o") {
+            $appout = shift @parts;
+        } elsif ($part =~ /^-/) {
+            push(@lflags, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(a|lib)$/) {
+            push(@libs, $part);
+        } elsif ($part =~ /\.(o|obj)$/) {
+            push(@objfiles, $part);
+        } else {
+            die "Unhandled lib option @ line $lineno: $part";
+        }
+    }
+    #print "AppOut: '$appout'\nLFlags: @lflags\nLibs  : @libs\nOfiles: @objfiles\n";
+    #exit(1);
+    removeDuplicates();
+    push(@{$build_structure{"APPS"}}, $appout);
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}"}} = ("_DEFINES", "_INCLUDES", "_CFLAGS", "_LFLAGS",
+                                             "_SOURCES", "_OBJECTS", "_LIBS");
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_DEFINES"}} = @defines;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_INCLUDES"}} = @incpaths;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_CFLAGS"}} = @cflags;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_LFLAGS"}} = @lflags;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_SOURCES"}} = @sources;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_OBJECTS"}} = @objfiles;
+    @{$build_structure{"APPS_${appout}_LIBS"}} = @libs;
+    clearCompileStep();
+}
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
index c79c98ffe..1a762e88e 100755
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#!bash
 #
 # bash completion support for core Git.
 #
@@ -20,19 +21,27 @@
 #    2) Added the following line to your .bashrc:
 #        source ~/.git-completion.sh
 #
-#    3) You may want to make sure the git executable is available
-#       in your PATH before this script is sourced, as some caching
-#       is performed while the script loads.  If git isn't found
-#       at source time then all lookups will be done on demand,
-#       which may be slightly slower.
-#
-#    4) Consider changing your PS1 to also show the current branch:
+#    3) Consider changing your PS1 to also show the current branch:
 #        PS1='[\u@\h \W$(__git_ps1 " (%s)")]\$ '
 #
 #       The argument to __git_ps1 will be displayed only if you
 #       are currently in a git repository.  The %s token will be
 #       the name of the current branch.
 #
+#       In addition, if you set GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE to a nonempty
+#       value, unstaged (*) and staged (+) changes will be shown next
+#       to the branch name.  You can configure this per-repository
+#       with the bash.showDirtyState variable, which defaults to true
+#       once GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE is enabled.
+#
+#       You can also see if currently something is stashed, by setting
+#       GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE to a nonempty value. If something is stashed,
+#       then a '$' will be shown next to the branch name.
+#
+#       If you would like to see if there're untracked files, then you can
+#       set GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES to a nonempty value. If there're
+#       untracked files, then a '%' will be shown next to the branch name.
+#
 # To submit patches:
 #
 #    *) Read Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -50,10 +59,12 @@ case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
 *)   COMP_WORDBREAKS="$COMP_WORDBREAKS:"
 esac
 
+# __gitdir accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., location)
+# returns location of .git repo
 __gitdir ()
 {
-	if [ -z "$1" ]; then
-		if [ -n "$__git_dir" ]; then
+	if [ -z "${1-}" ]; then
+		if [ -n "${__git_dir-}" ]; then
 			echo "$__git_dir"
 		elif [ -d .git ]; then
 			echo .git
@@ -67,58 +78,98 @@ __gitdir ()
 	fi
 }
 
+# __git_ps1 accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., format string)
+# returns text to add to bash PS1 prompt (includes branch name)
 __git_ps1 ()
 {
-	local g="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
+	local g="$(__gitdir)"
 	if [ -n "$g" ]; then
 		local r
 		local b
-		if [ -d "$g/rebase-apply" ]
-		then
-			if test -f "$g/rebase-apply/rebasing"
-			then
-				r="|REBASE"
-			elif test -f "$g/rebase-apply/applying"
-			then
-				r="|AM"
-			else
-				r="|AM/REBASE"
-			fi
-			b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
-		elif [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]
-		then
+		if [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]; then
 			r="|REBASE-i"
 			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
-		elif [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]
-		then
+		elif [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]; then
 			r="|REBASE-m"
 			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
-		elif [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]
-		then
-			r="|MERGING"
-			b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
 		else
-			if [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]
-			then
+			if [ -d "$g/rebase-apply" ]; then
+				if [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/rebasing" ]; then
+					r="|REBASE"
+				elif [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/applying" ]; then
+					r="|AM"
+				else
+					r="|AM/REBASE"
+				fi
+			elif [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+				r="|MERGING"
+			elif [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]; then
 				r="|BISECTING"
 			fi
-			if ! b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
-			then
-				if ! b="$(git describe --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
-				then
-					b="$(cut -c1-7 "$g/HEAD")..."
+
+			b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)" || {
+
+				b="$(
+				case "${GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE-}" in
+				(contains)
+					git describe --contains HEAD ;;
+				(branch)
+					git describe --contains --all HEAD ;;
+				(describe)
+					git describe HEAD ;;
+				(* | default)
+					git describe --exact-match HEAD ;;
+				esac 2>/dev/null)" ||
+
+				b="$(cut -c1-7 "$g/HEAD" 2>/dev/null)..." ||
+				b="unknown"
+				b="($b)"
+			}
+		fi
+
+		local w
+		local i
+		local s
+		local u
+		local c
+
+		if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+			if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+				c="BARE:"
+			else
+				b="GIT_DIR!"
+			fi
+		elif [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ]; then
+				if [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]; then
+					git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet --exit-code || w="*"
+					if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then
+						git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- || i="+"
+					else
+						i="#"
+					fi
 				fi
 			fi
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE-}" ]; then
+			        git rev-parse --verify refs/stash >/dev/null 2>&1 && s="$"
+			fi
+
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ]; then
+			   if [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]; then
+			      u="%"
+			   fi
+			fi
 		fi
 
-		if [ -n "$1" ]; then
-			printf "$1" "${b##refs/heads/}$r"
+		if [ -n "${1-}" ]; then
+			printf "$1" "$c${b##refs/heads/}$w$i$s$u$r"
 		else
-			printf " (%s)" "${b##refs/heads/}$r"
+			printf " (%s)" "$c${b##refs/heads/}$w$i$s$u$r"
 		fi
 	fi
 }
 
+# __gitcomp_1 requires 2 arguments
 __gitcomp_1 ()
 {
 	local c IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n'
@@ -131,6 +182,8 @@ __gitcomp_1 ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __gitcomp accepts 1, 2, 3, or 4 arguments
+# generates completion reply with compgen
 __gitcomp ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
@@ -143,22 +196,23 @@ __gitcomp ()
 		;;
 	*)
 		local IFS=$'\n'
-		COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "$2" \
-			-W "$(__gitcomp_1 "$1" "$4")" \
+		COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "${2-}" \
+			-W "$(__gitcomp_1 "${1-}" "${4-}")" \
 			-- "$cur"))
 		;;
 	esac
 }
 
+# __git_heads accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
 __git_heads ()
 {
-	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "$1")"
+	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
 		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
 			refs/heads
 		return
 	fi
-	for i in $(git ls-remote "$1" 2>/dev/null); do
+	for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do
 		case "$is_hash,$i" in
 		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
 		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
@@ -168,15 +222,16 @@ __git_heads ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_tags accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
 __git_tags ()
 {
-	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "$1")"
+	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
 		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
 			refs/tags
 		return
 	fi
-	for i in $(git ls-remote "$1" 2>/dev/null); do
+	for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do
 		case "$is_hash,$i" in
 		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
 		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
@@ -186,9 +241,10 @@ __git_tags ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_refs accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
 __git_refs ()
 {
-	local i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "$1")"
+	local i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" format refs
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
 		case "$cur" in
@@ -218,6 +274,7 @@ __git_refs ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_refs2 requires 1 argument (to pass to __git_refs)
 __git_refs2 ()
 {
 	local i
@@ -226,6 +283,7 @@ __git_refs2 ()
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_refs_remotes requires 1 argument (to pass to ls-remote)
 __git_refs_remotes ()
 {
 	local cmd i is_hash=y
@@ -252,22 +310,14 @@ __git_remotes ()
 		echo ${i#$d/remotes/}
 	done
 	[ "$ngoff" ] && shopt -u nullglob
-	for i in $(git --git-dir="$d" config --list); do
-		case "$i" in
-		remote.*.url=*)
-			i="${i#remote.}"
-			echo "${i/.url=*/}"
-			;;
-		esac
+	for i in $(git --git-dir="$d" config --get-regexp 'remote\..*\.url' 2>/dev/null); do
+		i="${i#remote.}"
+		echo "${i/.url*/}"
 	done
 }
 
-__git_merge_strategies ()
+__git_list_merge_strategies ()
 {
-	if [ -n "$__git_merge_strategylist" ]; then
-		echo "$__git_merge_strategylist"
-		return
-	fi
 	git merge -s help 2>&1 |
 	sed -n -e '/[Aa]vailable strategies are: /,/^$/{
 		s/\.$//
@@ -277,8 +327,17 @@ __git_merge_strategies ()
 		p
 	}'
 }
-__git_merge_strategylist=
-__git_merge_strategylist=$(__git_merge_strategies 2>/dev/null)
+
+__git_merge_strategies=
+# 'git merge -s help' (and thus detection of the merge strategy
+# list) fails, unfortunately, if run outside of any git working
+# tree.  __git_merge_strategies is set to the empty string in
+# that case, and the detection will be repeated the next time it
+# is needed.
+__git_compute_merge_strategies ()
+{
+	: ${__git_merge_strategies:=$(__git_list_merge_strategies)}
+}
 
 __git_complete_file ()
 {
@@ -348,14 +407,100 @@ __git_complete_revlist ()
 	esac
 }
 
-__git_all_commands ()
+__git_complete_remote_or_refspec ()
 {
-	if [ -n "$__git_all_commandlist" ]; then
-		echo "$__git_all_commandlist"
+	local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[1]}"
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local i c=2 remote="" pfx="" lhs=1 no_complete_refspec=0
+	while [ $c -lt $COMP_CWORD ]; do
+		i="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		case "$i" in
+		--mirror) [ "$cmd" = "push" ] && no_complete_refspec=1 ;;
+		--all)
+			case "$cmd" in
+			push) no_complete_refspec=1 ;;
+			fetch)
+				COMPREPLY=()
+				return
+				;;
+			*) ;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		-*) ;;
+		*) remote="$i"; break ;;
+		esac
+		c=$((++c))
+	done
+	if [ -z "$remote" ]; then
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
 	fi
+	if [ $no_complete_refspec = 1 ]; then
+		COMPREPLY=()
+		return
+	fi
+	[ "$remote" = "." ] && remote=
+	case "$cur" in
+	*:*)
+		case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
+		*:*) : great ;;
+		*)   pfx="${cur%%:*}:" ;;
+		esac
+		cur="${cur#*:}"
+		lhs=0
+		;;
+	+*)
+		pfx="+"
+		cur="${cur#+}"
+		;;
+	esac
+	case "$cmd" in
+	fetch)
+		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs2 "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		fi
+		;;
+	pull)
+		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		fi
+		;;
+	push)
+		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		else
+			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+__git_complete_strategy ()
+{
+	__git_compute_merge_strategies
+	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	-s|--strategy)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies"
+		return 0
+	esac
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--strategy=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies" "" "${cur##--strategy=}"
+		return 0
+		;;
+	esac
+	return 1
+}
+
+__git_list_all_commands ()
+{
 	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
-	for i in $(git help -a|egrep '^ ')
+	for i in $(git help -a|egrep '^  [a-zA-Z0-9]')
 	do
 		case $i in
 		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
@@ -363,17 +508,18 @@ __git_all_commands ()
 		esac
 	done
 }
-__git_all_commandlist=
-__git_all_commandlist="$(__git_all_commands 2>/dev/null)"
 
-__git_porcelain_commands ()
+__git_all_commands=
+__git_compute_all_commands ()
+{
+	: ${__git_all_commands:=$(__git_list_all_commands)}
+}
+
+__git_list_porcelain_commands ()
 {
-	if [ -n "$__git_porcelain_commandlist" ]; then
-		echo "$__git_porcelain_commandlist"
-		return
-	fi
 	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
-	for i in "help" $(__git_all_commands)
+	__git_compute_all_commands
+	for i in "help" $__git_all_commands
 	do
 		case $i in
 		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
@@ -425,6 +571,7 @@ __git_porcelain_commands ()
 		read-tree)        : plumbing;;
 		receive-pack)     : plumbing;;
 		reflog)           : plumbing;;
+		remote-*)         : transport;;
 		repo-config)      : deprecated;;
 		rerere)           : plumbing;;
 		rev-list)         : plumbing;;
@@ -454,22 +601,28 @@ __git_porcelain_commands ()
 		esac
 	done
 }
-__git_porcelain_commandlist=
-__git_porcelain_commandlist="$(__git_porcelain_commands 2>/dev/null)"
+
+__git_porcelain_commands=
+__git_compute_porcelain_commands ()
+{
+	__git_compute_all_commands
+	: ${__git_porcelain_commands:=$(__git_list_porcelain_commands)}
+}
 
 __git_aliases ()
 {
 	local i IFS=$'\n'
-	for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --list); do
+	for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "alias\..*" 2>/dev/null); do
 		case "$i" in
 		alias.*)
 			i="${i#alias.}"
-			echo "${i/=*/}"
+			echo "${i/ */}"
 			;;
 		esac
 	done
 }
 
+# __git_aliased_command requires 1 argument
 __git_aliased_command ()
 {
 	local word cmdline=$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \
@@ -482,7 +635,8 @@ __git_aliased_command ()
 	done
 }
 
-__git_find_subcommand ()
+# __git_find_on_cmdline requires 1 argument
+__git_find_on_cmdline ()
 {
 	local word subcommand c=1
 
@@ -526,8 +680,10 @@ _git_am ()
 		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--signoff --utf8 --binary --3way --interactive
-			--whitespace=
+			--3way --committer-date-is-author-date --ignore-date
+			--ignore-whitespace --ignore-space-change
+			--interactive --keep --no-utf8 --signoff --utf8
+			--whitespace= --scissors
 			"
 		return
 	esac
@@ -547,6 +703,7 @@ _git_apply ()
 			--stat --numstat --summary --check --index
 			--cached --index-info --reverse --reject --unidiff-zero
 			--apply --no-add --exclude=
+			--ignore-whitespace --ignore-space-change
 			--whitespace= --inaccurate-eof --verbose
 			"
 		return
@@ -563,7 +720,7 @@ _git_add ()
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--interactive --refresh --patch --update --dry-run
-			--ignore-errors
+			--ignore-errors --intent-to-add
 			"
 		return
 	esac
@@ -598,7 +755,7 @@ _git_bisect ()
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
 	local subcommands="start bad good skip reset visualize replay log run"
-	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 		return
@@ -628,7 +785,6 @@ _git_branch ()
 	done
 
 	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in
-	--*=*)	COMPREPLY=() ;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--color --no-color --verbose --abbrev= --no-abbrev
@@ -669,7 +825,21 @@ _git_checkout ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--conflict=*)
+		__gitcomp "diff3 merge" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
+		;;
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--quiet --ours --theirs --track --no-track --merge
+			--conflict= --patch
+			"
+		;;
+	*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 _git_cherry ()
@@ -735,10 +905,31 @@ _git_commit ()
 
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
+	--cleanup=*)
+		__gitcomp "default strip verbatim whitespace
+			" "" "${cur##--cleanup=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--reuse-message=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--reuse-message=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--reedit-message=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--reedit-message=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--untracked-files=*)
+		__gitcomp "all no normal" "" "${cur##--untracked-files=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--all --author= --signoff --verify --no-verify
 			--edit --amend --include --only --interactive
+			--dry-run --reuse-message= --reedit-message=
+			--reset-author --file= --message= --template=
+			--cleanup= --untracked-files --untracked-files=
+			--verbose --quiet
 			"
 		return
 	esac
@@ -759,23 +950,32 @@ _git_describe ()
 	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
-_git_diff ()
-{
-	__git_has_doubledash && return
-
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	case "$cur" in
-	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--cached --stat --numstat --shortstat --summary
+__git_diff_common_options="--stat --numstat --shortstat --summary
 			--patch-with-stat --name-only --name-status --color
 			--no-color --color-words --no-renames --check
 			--full-index --binary --abbrev --diff-filter=
-			--find-copies-harder --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
+			--find-copies-harder
 			--text --ignore-space-at-eol --ignore-space-change
 			--ignore-all-space --exit-code --quiet --ext-diff
 			--no-ext-diff
 			--no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
+			--inter-hunk-context=
+			--patience
+			--raw
+			--dirstat --dirstat= --dirstat-by-file
+			--dirstat-by-file= --cumulative
+"
+
+_git_diff ()
+{
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
 			--base --ours --theirs
+			$__git_diff_common_options
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -783,46 +983,74 @@ _git_diff ()
 	__git_complete_file
 }
 
-_git_fetch ()
+__git_mergetools_common="diffuse ecmerge emerge kdiff3 meld opendiff
+			tkdiff vimdiff gvimdiff xxdiff araxis p4merge
+"
+
+_git_difftool ()
 {
+	__git_has_doubledash && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--tool=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common kompare" "" "${cur##--tool=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "--cached --staged --pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
+			--base --ours --theirs
+			--no-renames --diff-filter= --find-copies-harder
+			--relative --ignore-submodules
+			--tool="
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_file
+}
 
-	if [ "$COMP_CWORD" = 2 ]; then
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-	else
-		case "$cur" in
-		*:*)
-			local pfx=""
-			case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
-			*:*) : great ;;
-			*)   pfx="${cur%%:*}:" ;;
-			esac
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "${cur#*:}"
-			;;
-		*)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs2 "${COMP_WORDS[2]}")"
-			;;
-		esac
-	fi
+__git_fetch_options="
+	--quiet --verbose --append --upload-pack --force --keep --depth=
+	--tags --no-tags --all --prune --dry-run
+"
+
+_git_fetch ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_fetch_options"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
 _git_format_patch ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
+	--thread=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			deep shallow
+			" "" "${cur##--thread=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--stdout --attach --thread
+			--stdout --attach --no-attach --thread --thread=
 			--output-directory
 			--numbered --start-number
 			--numbered-files
 			--keep-subject
 			--signoff
-			--in-reply-to=
+			--in-reply-to= --cc=
 			--full-index --binary
 			--not --all
 			--cover-letter
 			--no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
+			--inline --suffix= --ignore-if-in-upstream
+			--subject-prefix=
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -830,6 +1058,21 @@ _git_format_patch ()
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
+_git_fsck ()
+{
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--tags --root --unreachable --cache --no-reflogs --full
+			--strict --verbose --lost-found
+			"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	COMPREPLY=()
+}
+
 _git_gc ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
@@ -856,13 +1099,15 @@ _git_grep ()
 			--extended-regexp --basic-regexp --fixed-strings
 			--files-with-matches --name-only
 			--files-without-match
+			--max-depth
 			--count
 			--and --or --not --all-match
 			"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+
+	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_help ()
@@ -874,7 +1119,8 @@ _git_help ()
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_all_commands)
+	__git_compute_all_commands
+	__gitcomp "$__git_all_commands
 		attributes cli core-tutorial cvs-migration
 		diffcore gitk glossary hooks ignore modules
 		repository-layout tutorial tutorial-2
@@ -930,43 +1176,77 @@ _git_ls_tree ()
 	__git_complete_file
 }
 
+# Options that go well for log, shortlog and gitk
+__git_log_common_options="
+	--not --all
+	--branches --tags --remotes
+	--first-parent --merges --no-merges
+	--max-count=
+	--max-age= --since= --after=
+	--min-age= --until= --before=
+"
+# Options that go well for log and gitk (not shortlog)
+__git_log_gitk_options="
+	--dense --sparse --full-history
+	--simplify-merges --simplify-by-decoration
+	--left-right
+"
+# Options that go well for log and shortlog (not gitk)
+__git_log_shortlog_options="
+	--author= --committer= --grep=
+	--all-match
+"
+
+__git_log_pretty_formats="oneline short medium full fuller email raw format:"
+__git_log_date_formats="relative iso8601 rfc2822 short local default raw"
+
 _git_log ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local g="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
+	local merge=""
+	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+		merge="--merge"
+	fi
 	case "$cur" in
 	--pretty=*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			oneline short medium full fuller email raw
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
 			" "" "${cur##--pretty=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--format=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+			" "" "${cur##--format=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--date=*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			relative iso8601 rfc2822 short local default
-		" "" "${cur##--date=}"
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_date_formats" "" "${cur##--date=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--decorate=*)
+		__gitcomp "long short" "" "${cur##--decorate=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--max-count= --max-age= --since= --after=
-			--min-age= --before= --until=
+			$__git_log_common_options
+			$__git_log_shortlog_options
+			$__git_log_gitk_options
 			--root --topo-order --date-order --reverse
-			--no-merges --follow
+			--follow --full-diff
 			--abbrev-commit --abbrev=
 			--relative-date --date=
-			--author= --committer= --grep=
-			--all-match
-			--pretty= --name-status --name-only --raw
-			--not --all
-			--left-right --cherry-pick
+			--pretty= --format= --oneline
+			--cherry-pick
 			--graph
-			--stat --numstat --shortstat
-			--decorate --diff-filter=
-			--color-words --walk-reflogs
-			--parents --children --full-history
-			--merge
+			--decorate --decorate=
+			--walk-reflogs
+			--parents --children
+			$merge
+			$__git_diff_common_options
+			--pickaxe-all --pickaxe-regex
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -974,23 +1254,19 @@ _git_log ()
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
+__git_merge_options="
+	--no-commit --no-stat --log --no-log --squash --strategy
+	--commit --stat --no-squash --ff --no-ff --ff-only
+"
+
 _git_merge ()
 {
+	__git_complete_strategy && return
+
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
-	-s|--strategy)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)"
-		return
-	esac
 	case "$cur" in
-	--strategy=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)" "" "${cur##--strategy=}"
-		return
-		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--no-commit --no-stat --log --no-log --squash --strategy
-			"
+		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_options"
 		return
 	esac
 	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
@@ -1001,10 +1277,7 @@ _git_mergetool ()
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--tool=*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			kdiff3 tkdiff meld xxdiff emerge
-			vimdiff gvimdiff ecmerge opendiff
-			" "" "${cur##--tool=}"
+		__gitcomp "$__git_mergetools_common tortoisemerge" "" "${cur##--tool=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
@@ -1039,40 +1312,44 @@ _git_name_rev ()
 
 _git_pull ()
 {
-	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	__git_complete_strategy && return
 
-	if [ "$COMP_CWORD" = 2 ]; then
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-	else
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "${COMP_WORDS[2]}")"
-	fi
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	case "$cur" in
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--rebase --no-rebase
+			$__git_merge_options
+			$__git_fetch_options
+		"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
 _git_push ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-
-	if [ "$COMP_CWORD" = 2 ]; then
+	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
+	--repo)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
-	else
-		case "$cur" in
-		*:*)
-			local pfx=""
-			case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
-			*:*) : great ;;
-			*)   pfx="${cur%%:*}:" ;;
-			esac
-
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "${COMP_WORDS[2]}")" "$pfx" "${cur#*:}"
-			;;
-		+*)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" + "${cur#+}"
-			;;
-		*)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
-			;;
-		esac
-	fi
+		return
+	esac
+	case "$cur" in
+	--repo=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--repo=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			--all --mirror --tags --dry-run --force --verbose
+			--receive-pack= --repo=
+		"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
 _git_rebase ()
@@ -1082,35 +1359,58 @@ _git_rebase ()
 		__gitcomp "--continue --skip --abort"
 		return
 	fi
-	case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" in
-	-s|--strategy)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)"
-		return
-	esac
+	__git_complete_strategy && return
 	case "$cur" in
-	--strategy=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)" "" "${cur##--strategy=}"
+	--whitespace=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_whitespacelist" "" "${cur##--whitespace=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--onto --merge --strategy --interactive"
+		__gitcomp "
+			--onto --merge --strategy --interactive
+			--preserve-merges --stat --no-stat
+			--committer-date-is-author-date --ignore-date
+			--ignore-whitespace --whitespace=
+			"
+
 		return
 	esac
 	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
+__git_send_email_confirm_options="always never auto cc compose"
+__git_send_email_suppresscc_options="author self cc bodycc sob cccmd body all"
+
 _git_send_email ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
+	--confirm=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			$__git_send_email_confirm_options
+			" "" "${cur##--confirm=}"
+		return
+		;;
+	--suppress-cc=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			$__git_send_email_suppresscc_options
+			" "" "${cur##--suppress-cc=}"
+
+		return
+		;;
+	--smtp-encryption=*)
+		__gitcomp "ssl tls" "" "${cur##--smtp-encryption=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--bcc --cc --cc-cmd --chain-reply-to --compose
-			--dry-run --envelope-sender --from --identity
+		__gitcomp "--annotate --bcc --cc --cc-cmd --chain-reply-to
+			--compose --confirm= --dry-run --envelope-sender
+			--from --identity
 			--in-reply-to --no-chain-reply-to --no-signed-off-by-cc
 			--no-suppress-from --no-thread --quiet
 			--signed-off-by-cc --smtp-pass --smtp-server
-			--smtp-server-port --smtp-ssl --smtp-user --subject
-			--suppress-cc --suppress-from --thread --to
+			--smtp-server-port --smtp-encryption= --smtp-user
+			--subject --suppress-cc= --suppress-from --thread --to
 			--validate --no-validate"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1118,6 +1418,36 @@ _git_send_email ()
 	COMPREPLY=()
 }
 
+__git_config_get_set_variables ()
+{
+	local prevword word config_file= c=$COMP_CWORD
+	while [ $c -gt 1 ]; do
+		word="${COMP_WORDS[c]}"
+		case "$word" in
+		--global|--system|--file=*)
+			config_file="$word"
+			break
+			;;
+		-f|--file)
+			config_file="$word $prevword"
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		prevword=$word
+		c=$((--c))
+	done
+
+	git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config $config_file --list 2>/dev/null |
+	while read line
+	do
+		case "$line" in
+		*.*=*)
+			echo "${line/=*/}"
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
 _git_config ()
 {
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
@@ -1146,20 +1476,50 @@ _git_config ()
 		return
 		;;
 	pull.twohead|pull.octopus)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_merge_strategies)"
+		__git_compute_merge_strategies
+		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_strategies"
 		return
 		;;
-	color.branch|color.diff|color.status)
+	color.branch|color.diff|color.interactive|\
+	color.showbranch|color.status|color.ui)
 		__gitcomp "always never auto"
 		return
 		;;
+	color.pager)
+		__gitcomp "false true"
+		return
+		;;
 	color.*.*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			black red green yellow blue magenta cyan white
+			normal black red green yellow blue magenta cyan white
 			bold dim ul blink reverse
 			"
 		return
 		;;
+	help.format)
+		__gitcomp "man info web html"
+		return
+		;;
+	log.date)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_date_formats"
+		return
+		;;
+	sendemail.aliasesfiletype)
+		__gitcomp "mutt mailrc pine elm gnus"
+		return
+		;;
+	sendemail.confirm)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_send_email_confirm_options"
+		return
+		;;
+	sendemail.suppresscc)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_send_email_suppresscc_options"
+		return
+		;;
+	--get|--get-all|--unset|--unset-all)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_config_get_set_variables)"
+		return
+		;;
 	*.*)
 		COMPREPLY=()
 		return
@@ -1179,7 +1539,7 @@ _git_config ()
 	branch.*.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
 		cur="${cur##*.}"
-		__gitcomp "remote merge" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		__gitcomp "remote merge mergeoptions rebase" "$pfx" "$cur"
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*)
@@ -1188,12 +1548,46 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_heads)" "$pfx" "$cur" "."
 		return
 		;;
+	guitool.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "
+			argprompt cmd confirm needsfile noconsole norescan
+			prompt revprompt revunmerged title
+			" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	difftool.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "cmd path" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	man.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "cmd path" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	mergetool.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "cmd path trustExitCode" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
+	pager.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur#*.}"
+		__git_compute_all_commands
+		__gitcomp "$__git_all_commands" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
 	remote.*.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
 		cur="${cur##*.}"
 		__gitcomp "
-			url fetch push skipDefaultUpdate
-			receivepack uploadpack tagopt
+			url proxy fetch push mirror skipDefaultUpdate
+			receivepack uploadpack tagopt pushurl
 			" "$pfx" "$cur"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1203,114 +1597,249 @@ _git_config ()
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "$pfx" "$cur" "."
 		return
 		;;
+	url.*.*)
+		local pfx="${cur%.*}."
+		cur="${cur##*.}"
+		__gitcomp "insteadOf pushInsteadOf" "$pfx" "$cur"
+		return
+		;;
 	esac
 	__gitcomp "
+		add.ignore-errors
+		alias.
+		apply.ignorewhitespace
 		apply.whitespace
-		core.fileMode
-		core.gitProxy
-		core.ignoreStat
-		core.preferSymlinkRefs
-		core.logAllRefUpdates
-		core.loosecompression
-		core.repositoryFormatVersion
-		core.sharedRepository
-		core.warnAmbiguousRefs
-		core.compression
-		core.packedGitWindowSize
-		core.packedGitLimit
+		branch.autosetupmerge
+		branch.autosetuprebase
 		clean.requireForce
 		color.branch
 		color.branch.current
 		color.branch.local
-		color.branch.remote
 		color.branch.plain
+		color.branch.remote
 		color.diff
-		color.diff.plain
-		color.diff.meta
+		color.diff.commit
 		color.diff.frag
-		color.diff.old
+		color.diff.meta
 		color.diff.new
-		color.diff.commit
+		color.diff.old
+		color.diff.plain
 		color.diff.whitespace
+		color.grep
+		color.grep.external
+		color.grep.match
+		color.interactive
+		color.interactive.header
+		color.interactive.help
+		color.interactive.prompt
 		color.pager
+		color.showbranch
 		color.status
-		color.status.header
 		color.status.added
 		color.status.changed
+		color.status.header
+		color.status.nobranch
 		color.status.untracked
+		color.status.updated
+		color.ui
+		commit.template
+		core.autocrlf
+		core.bare
+		core.compression
+		core.createObject
+		core.deltaBaseCacheLimit
+		core.editor
+		core.excludesfile
+		core.fileMode
+		core.fsyncobjectfiles
+		core.gitProxy
+		core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks
+		core.ignoreStat
+		core.logAllRefUpdates
+		core.loosecompression
+		core.packedGitLimit
+		core.packedGitWindowSize
+		core.pager
+		core.preferSymlinkRefs
+		core.preloadindex
+		core.quotepath
+		core.repositoryFormatVersion
+		core.safecrlf
+		core.sharedRepository
+		core.symlinks
+		core.trustctime
+		core.warnAmbiguousRefs
+		core.whitespace
+		core.worktree
+		diff.autorefreshindex
+		diff.external
+		diff.mnemonicprefix
 		diff.renameLimit
+		diff.renameLimit.
 		diff.renames
+		diff.suppressBlankEmpty
+		diff.tool
+		diff.wordRegex
+		difftool.
+		difftool.prompt
 		fetch.unpackLimit
+		format.attach
+		format.cc
 		format.headers
+		format.numbered
+		format.pretty
+		format.signoff
 		format.subjectprefix
-		gitcvs.enabled
-		gitcvs.logfile
-		gitcvs.allbinary
-		gitcvs.dbname gitcvs.dbdriver gitcvs.dbuser gitcvs.dbpass
-		gitcvs.dbtablenameprefix
+		format.suffix
+		format.thread
+		gc.aggressiveWindow
+		gc.auto
+		gc.autopacklimit
 		gc.packrefs
+		gc.pruneexpire
 		gc.reflogexpire
 		gc.reflogexpireunreachable
 		gc.rerereresolved
 		gc.rerereunresolved
-		http.sslVerify
-		http.sslCert
-		http.sslKey
-		http.sslCAInfo
-		http.sslCAPath
-		http.maxRequests
+		gitcvs.allbinary
+		gitcvs.commitmsgannotation
+		gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix
+		gitcvs.dbdriver
+		gitcvs.dbname
+		gitcvs.dbpass
+		gitcvs.dbuser
+		gitcvs.enabled
+		gitcvs.logfile
+		gitcvs.usecrlfattr
+		guitool.
+		gui.blamehistoryctx
+		gui.commitmsgwidth
+		gui.copyblamethreshold
+		gui.diffcontext
+		gui.encoding
+		gui.fastcopyblame
+		gui.matchtrackingbranch
+		gui.newbranchtemplate
+		gui.pruneduringfetch
+		gui.spellingdictionary
+		gui.trustmtime
+		help.autocorrect
+		help.browser
+		help.format
 		http.lowSpeedLimit
 		http.lowSpeedTime
+		http.maxRequests
 		http.noEPSV
+		http.proxy
+		http.sslCAInfo
+		http.sslCAPath
+		http.sslCert
+		http.sslKey
+		http.sslVerify
 		i18n.commitEncoding
 		i18n.logOutputEncoding
+		imap.folder
+		imap.host
+		imap.pass
+		imap.port
+		imap.preformattedHTML
+		imap.sslverify
+		imap.tunnel
+		imap.user
+		instaweb.browser
+		instaweb.httpd
+		instaweb.local
+		instaweb.modulepath
+		instaweb.port
+		interactive.singlekey
+		log.date
 		log.showroot
+		mailmap.file
+		man.
+		man.viewer
+		merge.conflictstyle
+		merge.log
+		merge.renameLimit
+		merge.stat
 		merge.tool
-		merge.summary
 		merge.verbosity
-		pack.window
-		pack.depth
-		pack.windowMemory
+		mergetool.
+		mergetool.keepBackup
+		mergetool.prompt
 		pack.compression
-		pack.deltaCacheSize
 		pack.deltaCacheLimit
+		pack.deltaCacheSize
+		pack.depth
+		pack.indexVersion
+		pack.packSizeLimit
+		pack.threads
+		pack.window
+		pack.windowMemory
+		pager.
 		pull.octopus
 		pull.twohead
-		repack.useDeltaBaseOffset
+		push.default
+		rebase.stat
+		receive.denyCurrentBranch
+		receive.denyDeletes
+		receive.denyNonFastForwards
+		receive.fsckObjects
+		receive.unpackLimit
+		repack.usedeltabaseoffset
+		rerere.autoupdate
+		rerere.enabled
+		sendemail.aliasesfile
+		sendemail.aliasesfiletype
+		sendemail.bcc
+		sendemail.cc
+		sendemail.cccmd
+		sendemail.chainreplyto
+		sendemail.confirm
+		sendemail.envelopesender
+		sendemail.multiedit
+		sendemail.signedoffbycc
+		sendemail.smtpencryption
+		sendemail.smtppass
+		sendemail.smtpserver
+		sendemail.smtpserverport
+		sendemail.smtpuser
+		sendemail.suppresscc
+		sendemail.suppressfrom
+		sendemail.thread
+		sendemail.to
+		sendemail.validate
 		showbranch.default
+		status.relativePaths
+		status.showUntrackedFiles
 		tar.umask
 		transfer.unpackLimit
-		receive.unpackLimit
-		receive.denyNonFastForwards
-		user.name
+		url.
 		user.email
+		user.name
 		user.signingkey
+		web.browser
 		branch. remote.
 	"
 }
 
 _git_remote ()
 {
-	local subcommands="add rm show prune update"
-	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	local subcommands="add rename rm show prune update set-head"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 		return
 	fi
 
 	case "$subcommand" in
-	rm|show|prune)
+	rename|rm|show|prune)
 		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
 		;;
 	update)
 		local i c='' IFS=$'\n'
-		for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --list); do
-			case "$i" in
-			remotes.*)
-				i="${i#remotes.}"
-				c="$c ${i/=*/}"
-				;;
-			esac
+		for i in $(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config --get-regexp "remotes\..*" 2>/dev/null); do
+			i="${i#remotes.}"
+			c="$c ${i/ */}"
 		done
 		__gitcomp "$c"
 		;;
@@ -1320,6 +1849,11 @@ _git_remote ()
 	esac
 }
 
+_git_replace ()
+{
+	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+}
+
 _git_reset ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
@@ -1327,7 +1861,7 @@ _git_reset ()
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--mixed --hard --soft"
+		__gitcomp "--merge --mixed --hard --soft --patch"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1368,12 +1902,8 @@ _git_shortlog ()
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
-			--max-count= --max-age= --since= --after=
-			--min-age= --before= --until=
-			--no-merges
-			--author= --committer= --grep=
-			--all-match
-			--not --all
+			$__git_log_common_options
+			$__git_log_shortlog_options
 			--numbered --summary
 			"
 		return
@@ -1389,13 +1919,19 @@ _git_show ()
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 	case "$cur" in
 	--pretty=*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			oneline short medium full fuller email raw
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
 			" "" "${cur##--pretty=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--format=*)
+		__gitcomp "$__git_log_pretty_formats
+			" "" "${cur##--format=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--pretty="
+		__gitcomp "--pretty= --format= --abbrev-commit --oneline
+			$__git_diff_common_options
+			"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1410,7 +1946,8 @@ _git_show_branch ()
 		__gitcomp "
 			--all --remotes --topo-order --current --more=
 			--list --independent --merge-base --no-name
-			--sha1-name --topics --reflog
+			--color --no-color
+			--sha1-name --sparse --topics --reflog
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1420,20 +1957,32 @@ _git_show_branch ()
 
 _git_stash ()
 {
+	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
+	local save_opts='--keep-index --no-keep-index --quiet --patch'
 	local subcommands='save list show apply clear drop pop create branch'
-	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
-		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+		case "$cur" in
+		--*)
+			__gitcomp "$save_opts"
+			;;
+		*)
+			if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$save_opts")" ]; then
+				__gitcomp "$subcommands"
+			else
+				COMPREPLY=()
+			fi
+			;;
+		esac
 	else
-		local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 		case "$subcommand,$cur" in
 		save,--*)
-			__gitcomp "--keep-index"
+			__gitcomp "$save_opts"
 			;;
-		apply,--*)
-			__gitcomp "--index"
+		apply,--*|pop,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--index --quiet"
 			;;
-		show,--*|drop,--*|pop,--*|branch,--*)
+		show,--*|drop,--*|branch,--*)
 			COMPREPLY=()
 			;;
 		show,*|apply,*|drop,*|pop,*|branch,*)
@@ -1452,7 +2001,7 @@ _git_submodule ()
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
 	local subcommands="add status init update summary foreach sync"
-	if [ -z "$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")" ]; then
+	if [ -z "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")" ]; then
 		local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
 		case "$cur" in
 		--*)
@@ -1471,9 +2020,10 @@ _git_svn ()
 	local subcommands="
 		init fetch clone rebase dcommit log find-rev
 		set-tree commit-diff info create-ignore propget
-		proplist show-ignore show-externals
+		proplist show-ignore show-externals branch tag blame
+		migrate
 		"
-	local subcommand="$(__git_find_subcommand "$subcommands")"
+	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 	else
@@ -1482,13 +2032,15 @@ _git_svn ()
 			--follow-parent --authors-file= --repack=
 			--no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props
 			--log-window-size= --no-checkout --quiet
-			--repack-flags --user-log-author $remote_opts
+			--repack-flags --use-log-author --localtime
+			--ignore-paths= $remote_opts
 			"
 		local init_opts="
 			--template= --shared= --trunk= --tags=
 			--branches= --stdlayout --minimize-url
 			--no-metadata --use-svm-props --use-svnsync-props
-			--rewrite-root= $remote_opts
+			--rewrite-root= --prefix= --use-log-author
+			--add-author-from $remote_opts
 			"
 		local cmt_opts="
 			--edit --rmdir --find-copies-harder --copy-similarity=
@@ -1508,7 +2060,8 @@ _git_svn ()
 		dcommit,--*)
 			__gitcomp "
 				--merge --strategy= --verbose --dry-run
-				--fetch-all --no-rebase $cmt_opts $fc_opts
+				--fetch-all --no-rebase --commit-url
+				--revision $cmt_opts $fc_opts
 				"
 			;;
 		set-tree,--*)
@@ -1522,13 +2075,13 @@ _git_svn ()
 			__gitcomp "
 				--limit= --revision= --verbose --incremental
 				--oneline --show-commit --non-recursive
-				--authors-file=
+				--authors-file= --color
 				"
 			;;
 		rebase,--*)
 			__gitcomp "
 				--merge --verbose --strategy= --local
-				--fetch-all $fc_opts
+				--fetch-all --dry-run $fc_opts
 				"
 			;;
 		commit-diff,--*)
@@ -1537,6 +2090,21 @@ _git_svn ()
 		info,--*)
 			__gitcomp "--url"
 			;;
+		branch,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--dry-run --message --tag"
+			;;
+		tag,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--dry-run --message"
+			;;
+		blame,--*)
+			__gitcomp "--git-format"
+			;;
+		migrate,--*)
+			__gitcomp "
+				--config-dir= --ignore-paths= --minimize
+				--no-auth-cache --username=
+				"
+			;;
 		*)
 			COMPREPLY=()
 			;;
@@ -1596,7 +2164,6 @@ _git ()
 
 	if [ -z "$command" ]; then
 		case "${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" in
-		--*=*) COMPREPLY=() ;;
 		--*)   __gitcomp "
 			--paginate
 			--no-pager
@@ -1604,11 +2171,13 @@ _git ()
 			--bare
 			--version
 			--exec-path
+			--html-path
 			--work-tree=
 			--help
 			"
 			;;
-		*)     __gitcomp "$(__git_porcelain_commands) $(__git_aliases)" ;;
+		*)     __git_compute_porcelain_commands
+		       __gitcomp "$__git_porcelain_commands $(__git_aliases)" ;;
 		esac
 		return
 	fi
@@ -1633,8 +2202,10 @@ _git ()
 	config)      _git_config ;;
 	describe)    _git_describe ;;
 	diff)        _git_diff ;;
+	difftool)    _git_difftool ;;
 	fetch)       _git_fetch ;;
 	format-patch) _git_format_patch ;;
+	fsck)        _git_fsck ;;
 	gc)          _git_gc ;;
 	grep)        _git_grep ;;
 	help)        _git_help ;;
@@ -1652,6 +2223,7 @@ _git ()
 	push)        _git_push ;;
 	rebase)      _git_rebase ;;
 	remote)      _git_remote ;;
+	replace)     _git_replace ;;
 	reset)       _git_reset ;;
 	revert)      _git_revert ;;
 	rm)          _git_rm ;;
@@ -1660,6 +2232,7 @@ _git ()
 	show)        _git_show ;;
 	show-branch) _git_show_branch ;;
 	stash)       _git_stash ;;
+	stage)       _git_add ;;
 	submodule)   _git_submodule ;;
 	svn)         _git_svn ;;
 	tag)         _git_tag ;;
@@ -1673,27 +2246,34 @@ _gitk ()
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
 	local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
-	local g="$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)"
+	local g="$(__gitdir)"
 	local merge=""
-	if [ -f $g/MERGE_HEAD ]; then
+	if [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
 		merge="--merge"
 	fi
 	case "$cur" in
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "--not --all $merge"
+		__gitcomp "
+			$__git_log_common_options
+			$__git_log_gitk_options
+			$merge
+			"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk
+complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git 2>/dev/null \
+	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git
+complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk 2>/dev/null \
+	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk
 
 # The following are necessary only for Cygwin, and only are needed
 # when the user has tab-completed the executable name and consequently
 # included the '.exe' suffix.
 #
 if [ Cygwin = "$(uname -o 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
-complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe
+complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe 2>/dev/null \
+	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe
 fi
diff --git a/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c b/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c
index 90e7900e6..f3b57bf1d 100644
--- a/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c
+++ b/contrib/convert-objects/convert-objects.c
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ static void convert_ascii_sha1(void *buffer)
 	struct entry *entry;
 
 	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1))
-		die("expected sha1, got '%s'", (char*) buffer);
+		die("expected sha1, got '%s'", (char *) buffer);
 	entry = convert_entry(sha1);
 	memcpy(buffer, sha1_to_hex(entry->new_sha1), 40);
 }
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ static int write_subdirectory(void *buffer, unsigned long size, const char *base
 		if (!slash) {
 			newlen += sprintf(new + newlen, "%o %s", mode, path);
 			new[newlen++] = '\0';
-			hashcpy((unsigned char*)new + newlen, (unsigned char *) buffer + len - 20);
+			hashcpy((unsigned char *)new + newlen, (unsigned char *) buffer + len - 20);
 			newlen += 20;
 
 			used += len;
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ static void convert_commit(void *buffer, unsigned long size, unsigned char *resu
 	unsigned long orig_size = size;
 
 	if (memcmp(buffer, "tree ", 5))
-		die("Bad commit '%s'", (char*) buffer);
+		die("Bad commit '%s'", (char *) buffer);
 	convert_ascii_sha1((char *) buffer + 5);
 	buffer = (char *) buffer + 46;    /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
 	while (!memcmp(buffer, "parent ", 7)) {
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/Makefile b/contrib/emacs/Makefile
index a48540a92..24d931294 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/emacs/Makefile
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 EMACS = emacs
 
-ELC = git.elc vc-git.elc git-blame.elc
+ELC = git.elc git-blame.elc
 INSTALL ?= install
 INSTALL_ELC = $(INSTALL) -m 644
 prefix ?= $(HOME)
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/README b/contrib/emacs/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..82368bdbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/emacs/README
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+This directory contains various modules for Emacs support.
+
+To make the modules available to Emacs, you should add this directory
+to your load-path, and then require the modules you want. This can be
+done by adding to your .emacs something like this:
+
+  (add-to-list 'load-path ".../git/contrib/emacs")
+  (require 'git)
+  (require 'git-blame)
+
+
+The following modules are available:
+
+* git.el:
+
+  Status manager that displays the state of all the files of the
+  project, and provides easy access to the most frequently used git
+  commands. The user interface is as far as possible compatible with
+  the pcl-cvs mode. It can be started with `M-x git-status'.
+
+* git-blame.el:
+
+  Emacs implementation of incremental git-blame.  When you turn it on
+  while viewing a file, the editor buffer will be updated by setting
+  the background of individual lines to a color that reflects which
+  commit it comes from.  And when you move around the buffer, a
+  one-line summary will be shown in the echo area.
+
+* vc-git.el:
+
+  This file used to contain the VC-mode backend for git, but it is no
+  longer distributed with git. It is now maintained as part of Emacs
+  and included in standard Emacs distributions starting from version
+  22.2.
+
+  If you have an earlier Emacs version, upgrading to Emacs 22 is
+  recommended, since the VC mode in older Emacs is not generic enough
+  to be able to support git in a reasonable manner, and no attempt has
+  been made to backport vc-git.el.
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
index 4fa70c5ad..7f4c79297 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
@@ -80,6 +80,57 @@
 
 (eval-when-compile (require 'cl))			      ; to use `push', `pop'
 
+(defface git-blame-prefix-face
+  '((((background dark)) (:foreground "gray"
+                          :background "black"))
+    (((background light)) (:foreground "gray"
+                           :background "white"))
+    (t (:weight bold)))
+  "The face used for the hash prefix."
+  :group 'git-blame)
+
+(defgroup git-blame nil
+  "A minor mode showing Git blame information."
+  :group 'git
+  :link '(function-link git-blame-mode))
+
+
+(defcustom git-blame-use-colors t
+  "Use colors to indicate commits in `git-blame-mode'."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'git-blame)
+
+(defcustom git-blame-prefix-format
+  "%h %20A:"
+  "The format of the prefix added to each line in `git-blame'
+mode. The format is passed to `format-spec' with the following format keys:
+
+  %h - the abbreviated hash
+  %H - the full hash
+  %a - the author name
+  %A - the author email
+  %c - the committer name
+  %C - the committer email
+  %s - the commit summary
+"
+  :group 'git-blame)
+
+(defcustom git-blame-mouseover-format
+  "%h %a %A: %s"
+  "The format of the description shown when pointing at a line in
+`git-blame' mode. The format string is passed to `format-spec'
+with the following format keys:
+
+  %h - the abbreviated hash
+  %H - the full hash
+  %a - the author name
+  %A - the author email
+  %c - the committer name
+  %C - the committer email
+  %s - the commit summary
+"
+  :group 'git-blame)
+
 
 (defun git-blame-color-scale (&rest elements)
   "Given a list, returns a list of triples formed with each
@@ -302,72 +353,69 @@ See also function `git-blame-mode'."
                (src-line (string-to-number (match-string 2)))
                (res-line (string-to-number (match-string 3)))
                (num-lines (string-to-number (match-string 4))))
-           (setq git-blame-current
-                 (if (string= hash "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
-                     nil
-                   (git-blame-new-commit
-                    hash src-line res-line num-lines))))
-         (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
-         t)
-        ((looking-at "filename \\(.+\\)\n")
-         (let ((filename (match-string 1)))
-           (git-blame-add-info "filename" filename))
-         (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
+           (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
+           (setq git-blame-current (list (git-blame-new-commit hash)
+                                         src-line res-line num-lines)))
          t)
         ((looking-at "\\([a-z-]+\\) \\(.+\\)\n")
          (let ((key (match-string 1))
                (value (match-string 2)))
-           (git-blame-add-info key value))
-         (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
-         t)
-        ((looking-at "boundary\n")
-         (setq git-blame-current nil)
-         (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
+           (delete-region (point) (match-end 0))
+           (git-blame-add-info (car git-blame-current) key value)
+           (when (string= key "filename")
+             (git-blame-create-overlay (car git-blame-current)
+                                       (caddr git-blame-current)
+                                       (cadddr git-blame-current))
+             (setq git-blame-current nil)))
          t)
         (t
          nil)))
 
-(defun git-blame-new-commit (hash src-line res-line num-lines)
+(defun git-blame-new-commit (hash)
+  (with-current-buffer git-blame-file
+    (or (gethash hash git-blame-cache)
+        ;; Assign a random color to each new commit info
+        ;; Take care not to select the same color multiple times
+        (let* ((color (if git-blame-colors
+                          (git-blame-random-pop git-blame-colors)
+                        git-blame-ancient-color))
+               (info `(,hash (color . ,color))))
+          (puthash hash info git-blame-cache)
+          info))))
+
+(defun git-blame-create-overlay (info start-line num-lines)
   (save-excursion
     (set-buffer git-blame-file)
-    (let ((info (gethash hash git-blame-cache))
-          (inhibit-point-motion-hooks t)
+    (let ((inhibit-point-motion-hooks t)
           (inhibit-modification-hooks t))
-      (when (not info)
-	;; Assign a random color to each new commit info
-	;; Take care not to select the same color multiple times
-	(let ((color (if git-blame-colors
-			 (git-blame-random-pop git-blame-colors)
-		       git-blame-ancient-color)))
-          (setq info (list hash src-line res-line num-lines
-                           (git-describe-commit hash)
-                           (cons 'color color))))
-        (puthash hash info git-blame-cache))
-      (goto-line res-line)
-      (while (> num-lines 0)
-        (if (get-text-property (point) 'git-blame)
-            (forward-line)
-          (let* ((start (point))
-                 (end (progn (forward-line 1) (point)))
-                 (ovl (make-overlay start end)))
-            (push ovl git-blame-overlays)
-            (overlay-put ovl 'git-blame info)
-            (overlay-put ovl 'help-echo hash)
+      (goto-line start-line)
+      (let* ((start (point))
+             (end (progn (forward-line num-lines) (point)))
+             (ovl (make-overlay start end))
+             (hash (car info))
+             (spec `((?h . ,(substring hash 0 6))
+                     (?H . ,hash)
+                     (?a . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author))
+                     (?A . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author-mail))
+                     (?c . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer))
+                     (?C . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer-mail))
+                     (?s . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'summary)))))
+        (push ovl git-blame-overlays)
+        (overlay-put ovl 'git-blame info)
+        (overlay-put ovl 'help-echo
+                     (format-spec git-blame-mouseover-format spec))
+        (if git-blame-use-colors
             (overlay-put ovl 'face (list :background
-                                         (cdr (assq 'color (nthcdr 5 info)))))
-            ;; the point-entered property doesn't seem to work in overlays
-            ;;(overlay-put ovl 'point-entered
-            ;;             `(lambda (x y) (git-blame-identify ,hash)))
-            (let ((modified (buffer-modified-p)))
-              (put-text-property (if (= start 1) start (1- start)) (1- end)
-                                 'point-entered
-                                 `(lambda (x y) (git-blame-identify ,hash)))
-              (set-buffer-modified-p modified))))
-        (setq num-lines (1- num-lines))))))
-
-(defun git-blame-add-info (key value)
-  (if git-blame-current
-      (nconc git-blame-current (list (cons (intern key) value)))))
+                                         (cdr (assq 'color (cdr info))))))
+        (overlay-put ovl 'line-prefix
+                     (propertize (format-spec git-blame-prefix-format spec)
+                                 'face 'git-blame-prefix-face))))))
+
+(defun git-blame-add-info (info key value)
+  (nconc info (list (cons (intern key) value))))
+
+(defun git-blame-get-info (info key)
+  (cdr (assq key (cdr info))))
 
 (defun git-blame-current-commit ()
   (let ((info (get-char-property (point) 'git-blame)))
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git.el b/contrib/emacs/git.el
index 09e8bae3a..214930a02 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git.el
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ;;; git.el --- A user interface for git
 
-;; Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007 Alexandre Julliard <julliard@winehq.org>
+;; Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Alexandre Julliard <julliard@winehq.org>
 
 ;; Version: 1.0
 
@@ -34,15 +34,21 @@
 ;; To start: `M-x git-status'
 ;;
 ;; TODO
-;;  - portability to XEmacs
 ;;  - diff against other branch
 ;;  - renaming files from the status buffer
 ;;  - creating tags
 ;;  - fetch/pull
-;;  - switching branches
 ;;  - revlist browser
 ;;  - git-show-branch browser
-;;  - menus
+;;
+
+;;; Compatibility:
+;;
+;; This file works on GNU Emacs 21 or later. It may work on older
+;; versions but this is not guaranteed.
+;;
+;; It may work on XEmacs 21, provided that you first install the ewoc
+;; and log-edit packages.
 ;;
 
 (eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
@@ -222,7 +228,7 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
     (with-current-buffer buffer
       (cd dir)
       (apply #'call-process-region start end program
-             nil (list output-buffer nil) nil args))))
+             nil (list output-buffer t) nil args))))
 
 (defun git-run-command-buffer (buffer-name &rest args)
   "Run a git command, sending the output to a buffer named BUFFER-NAME."
@@ -239,13 +245,15 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
 
 (defun git-run-command-region (buffer start end env &rest args)
   "Run a git command with specified buffer region as input."
-  (unless (eq 0 (if env
-                    (git-run-process-region
-                     buffer start end "env"
-                     (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list "git") args))
+  (with-temp-buffer
+    (if (eq 0 (if env
                   (git-run-process-region
-                   buffer start end "git" args)))
-    (error "Failed to run \"git %s\":\n%s" (mapconcat (lambda (x) x) args " ") (buffer-string))))
+                   buffer start end "env"
+                   (append (git-get-env-strings env) (list "git") args))
+                (git-run-process-region buffer start end "git" args)))
+        (buffer-string)
+      (display-message-or-buffer (current-buffer))
+      nil)))
 
 (defun git-run-hook (hook env &rest args)
   "Run a git hook and display its output if any."
@@ -397,6 +405,17 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
     (unless newval (push "-d" args))
     (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-ref" args)))
 
+(defun git-for-each-ref (&rest specs)
+  "Return a list of refs using git-for-each-ref.
+Each entry is a cons of (SHORT-NAME . FULL-NAME)."
+  (let (refs)
+    (with-temp-buffer
+      (apply #'git-call-process t "for-each-ref" "--format=%(refname)" specs)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (while (re-search-forward "^[^/\n]+/[^/\n]+/\\(.+\\)$" nil t)
+	(push (cons (match-string 1) (match-string 0)) refs)))
+    (nreverse refs)))
+
 (defun git-read-tree (tree &optional index-file)
   "Read a tree into the index file."
   (let ((process-environment
@@ -410,16 +429,19 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
     (git-get-string-sha1
      (git-call-process-string-display-error "write-tree"))))
 
-(defun git-commit-tree (buffer tree head)
-  "Call git-commit-tree with buffer as input and return the resulting commit SHA1."
+(defun git-commit-tree (buffer tree parent)
+  "Create a commit and possibly update HEAD.
+Create a commit with the message in BUFFER using the tree with hash TREE.
+Use PARENT as the parent of the new commit. If PARENT is the current \"HEAD\",
+update the \"HEAD\" reference to the new commit."
   (let ((author-name (git-get-committer-name))
         (author-email (git-get-committer-email))
         (subject "commit (initial): ")
         author-date log-start log-end args coding-system-for-write)
-    (when head
+    (when parent
       (setq subject "commit: ")
       (push "-p" args)
-      (push head args))
+      (push parent args))
     (with-current-buffer buffer
       (goto-char (point-min))
       (if
@@ -447,18 +469,16 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
       (setq coding-system-for-write buffer-file-coding-system))
     (let ((commit
            (git-get-string-sha1
-            (with-output-to-string
-              (with-current-buffer standard-output
-                (let ((env `(("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" . ,author-name)
-                             ("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" . ,author-email)
-                             ("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" . ,(git-get-committer-name))
-                             ("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" . ,(git-get-committer-email)))))
-                  (when author-date (push `("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" . ,author-date) env))
-                  (apply #'git-run-command-region
-                         buffer log-start log-end env
-                         "commit-tree" tree (nreverse args))))))))
-      (and (git-update-ref "HEAD" commit head subject)
-           commit))))
+            (let ((env `(("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" . ,author-name)
+                         ("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" . ,author-email)
+                         ("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME" . ,(git-get-committer-name))
+                         ("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" . ,(git-get-committer-email)))))
+              (when author-date (push `("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" . ,author-date) env))
+              (apply #'git-run-command-region
+                     buffer log-start log-end env
+                     "commit-tree" tree (nreverse args))))))
+      (when commit (git-update-ref "HEAD" commit parent subject))
+      commit)))
 
 (defun git-empty-db-p ()
   "Check if the git db is empty (no commit done yet)."
@@ -513,9 +533,9 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
           (git-fileinfo->needs-refresh info) t)))
 
 (defun git-status-filenames-map (status func files &rest args)
-  "Apply FUNC to the status files names in the FILES list."
+  "Apply FUNC to the status files names in the FILES list.
+The list must be sorted."
   (when files
-    (setq files (sort files #'string-lessp))
     (let ((file (pop files))
           (node (ewoc-nth status 0)))
       (while (and file node)
@@ -528,7 +548,7 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
             (setq file (pop files))))))))
 
 (defun git-set-filenames-state (status files state)
-  "Set the state of a list of named files."
+  "Set the state of a list of named files. The list must be sorted"
   (when files
     (git-status-filenames-map status #'git-set-fileinfo-state files state)
     (unless state  ;; delete files whose state has been set to nil
@@ -562,29 +582,29 @@ the process output as a string, or nil if the git command failed."
   (let* ((old-type (lsh (or old-perm 0) -9))
 	 (new-type (lsh (or new-perm 0) -9))
 	 (str (case new-type
-		(?\100  ;; file
+		(64  ;; file
 		 (case old-type
-		   (?\100 nil)
-		   (?\120 "   (type change symlink -> file)")
-		   (?\160 "   (type change subproject -> file)")))
-		 (?\120  ;; symlink
+		   (64 nil)
+		   (80 "   (type change symlink -> file)")
+		   (112 "   (type change subproject -> file)")))
+		 (80  ;; symlink
 		  (case old-type
-		    (?\100 "   (type change file -> symlink)")
-		    (?\160 "   (type change subproject -> symlink)")
+		    (64 "   (type change file -> symlink)")
+		    (112 "   (type change subproject -> symlink)")
 		    (t "   (symlink)")))
-		  (?\160  ;; subproject
+		  (112  ;; subproject
 		   (case old-type
-		     (?\100 "   (type change file -> subproject)")
-		     (?\120 "   (type change symlink -> subproject)")
+		     (64 "   (type change file -> subproject)")
+		     (80 "   (type change symlink -> subproject)")
 		     (t "   (subproject)")))
-                  (?\110 nil)  ;; directory (internal, not a real git state)
-		  (?\000  ;; deleted or unknown
+                  (72 nil)  ;; directory (internal, not a real git state)
+		  (0  ;; deleted or unknown
 		   (case old-type
-		     (?\120 "   (symlink)")
-		     (?\160 "   (subproject)")))
+		     (80 "   (symlink)")
+		     (112 "   (subproject)")))
 		  (t (format "   (unknown type %o)" new-type)))))
     (cond (str (propertize str 'face 'git-status-face))
-          ((eq new-type ?\110) "/")
+          ((eq new-type 72) "/")
           (t ""))))
 
 (defun git-rename-as-string (info)
@@ -733,6 +753,7 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
     (let (unmerged-files)
       (while (re-search-forward "[0-7]\\{6\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [123]\t\\([^\0]+\\)\0" nil t)
         (push (match-string 1) unmerged-files))
+      (setq unmerged-files (nreverse unmerged-files))  ;; assume it is sorted already
       (git-set-filenames-state status unmerged-files 'unmerged))))
 
 (defun git-get-exclude-files ()
@@ -753,17 +774,18 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
            (append options (mapcar (lambda (f) (concat "--exclude-from=" f)) exclude-files)))))
 
 (defun git-update-status-files (&optional files mark-files)
-  "Update the status of FILES from the index."
+  "Update the status of FILES from the index.
+The FILES list must be sorted."
   (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
   ;; set the needs-update flag on existing files
-  (if (setq files (sort files #'string-lessp))
+  (if files
       (git-status-filenames-map
        git-status (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) t)) files)
     (ewoc-map (lambda (info) (setf (git-fileinfo->needs-update info) t) nil) git-status)
     (git-call-process nil "update-index" "--refresh")
     (when git-show-uptodate
       (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status nil 'uptodate)))
-  (let* ((remaining-files
+  (let ((remaining-files
           (if (git-empty-db-p) ; we need some special handling for an empty db
 	      (git-run-ls-files-cached git-status files 'added)
             (git-run-diff-index git-status files))))
@@ -808,13 +830,13 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
       (list (ewoc-data (ewoc-locate git-status)))))
 
 (defun git-marked-files-state (&rest states)
-  "Return marked files that are in the specified states."
+  "Return a sorted list of marked files that are in the specified states."
   (let ((files (git-marked-files))
         result)
     (dolist (info files)
       (when (memq (git-fileinfo->state info) states)
         (push info result)))
-    result))
+    (nreverse result)))
 
 (defun git-refresh-files ()
   "Refresh all files that need it and clear the needs-refresh flag."
@@ -1024,7 +1046,7 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
 (defun git-add-file ()
   "Add marked file(s) to the index cache."
   (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unknown 'ignored))))
+  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unknown 'ignored 'unmerged))))
     ;; FIXME: add support for directories
     (unless files
       (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to add: " nil nil t)) files))
@@ -1049,7 +1071,9 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
     (unless files
       (push (file-relative-name (read-file-name "File to remove: " nil nil t)) files))
     (if (yes-or-no-p
-         (format "Remove %d file%s? " (length files) (if (> (length files) 1) "s" "")))
+         (if (cdr files)
+             (format "Remove %d files? " (length files))
+           (format "Remove %s? " (car files))))
         (progn
           (dolist (name files)
             (ignore-errors
@@ -1068,7 +1092,9 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
         added modified)
     (when (and files
                (yes-or-no-p
-                (format "Revert %d file%s? " (length files) (if (> (length files) 1) "s" ""))))
+                (if (cdr files)
+                    (format "Revert %d files? " (length files))
+                  (format "Revert %s? " (git-fileinfo->name (car files))))))
       (dolist (info files)
         (case (git-fileinfo->state info)
           ('added (push (git-fileinfo->name info) added))
@@ -1084,22 +1110,14 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
                  (or (not added)
                      (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--force-remove" "--" added))
                  (or (not modified)
-                     (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "checkout" "HEAD" modified)))))
-        (git-update-status-files (append added modified))
+                     (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "checkout" "HEAD" modified))))
+            (names (git-get-filenames files)))
+        (git-update-status-files names)
         (when ok
           (dolist (file modified)
             (let ((buffer (get-file-buffer file)))
               (when buffer (with-current-buffer buffer (revert-buffer t t t)))))
-          (git-success-message "Reverted" (git-get-filenames files)))))))
-
-(defun git-resolve-file ()
-  "Resolve conflicts in marked file(s)."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((files (git-get-filenames (git-marked-files-state 'unmerged))))
-    (when files
-      (when (apply 'git-call-process-display-error "update-index" "--" files)
-        (git-update-status-files files)
-        (git-success-message "Resolved" files)))))
+          (git-success-message "Reverted" names))))))
 
 (defun git-remove-handled ()
   "Remove handled files from the status list."
@@ -1320,6 +1338,7 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
 					 (log-edit-diff-function . git-log-edit-diff)) buffer)
 	(log-edit 'git-do-commit nil 'git-log-edit-files buffer))
       (setq font-lock-keywords (font-lock-compile-keywords git-log-edit-font-lock-keywords))
+      (setq paragraph-separate (concat (regexp-quote git-log-msg-separator) "$\\|Author: \\|Date: \\|Merge: \\|Signed-off-by: \\|\f\\|[ 	]*$"))
       (setq buffer-file-coding-system coding-system)
       (re-search-forward (regexp-quote (concat git-log-msg-separator "\n")) nil t))))
 
@@ -1347,14 +1366,44 @@ Return the list of files that haven't been handled."
                           (mapconcat #'identity msg "\n"))))
 
 (defun git-get-commit-files (commit)
-  "Retrieve the list of files modified by COMMIT."
+  "Retrieve a sorted list of files modified by COMMIT."
   (let (files)
     (with-temp-buffer
       (git-call-process t "diff-tree" "-m" "-r" "-z" "--name-only" "--no-commit-id" "--root" commit)
       (goto-char (point-min))
       (while (re-search-forward "\\([^\0]*\\)\0" nil t 1)
         (push (match-string 1) files)))
-    files))
+    (sort files #'string-lessp)))
+
+(defun git-read-commit-name (prompt &optional default)
+  "Ask for a commit name, with completion for local branch, remote branch and tag."
+  (completing-read prompt
+                   (list* "HEAD" "ORIG_HEAD" "FETCH_HEAD" (mapcar #'car (git-for-each-ref)))
+		   nil nil nil nil default))
+
+(defun git-checkout (branch &optional merge)
+  "Checkout a branch, tag, or any commit.
+Use a prefix arg if git should merge while checking out."
+  (interactive
+   (list (git-read-commit-name "Checkout: ")
+         current-prefix-arg))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (let ((args (list branch "--")))
+    (when merge (push "-m" args))
+    (when (apply #'git-call-process-display-error "checkout" args)
+      (git-update-status-files))))
+
+(defun git-branch (branch)
+  "Create a branch from the current HEAD and switch to it."
+  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Branch: ")))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (if (git-rev-parse (concat "refs/heads/" branch))
+      (if (yes-or-no-p (format "Branch %s already exists, replace it? " branch))
+          (and (git-call-process-display-error "branch" "-f" branch)
+               (git-call-process-display-error "checkout" branch))
+        (message "Canceled."))
+    (git-call-process-display-error "checkout" "-b" branch))
+    (git-refresh-ewoc-hf git-status))
 
 (defun git-amend-commit ()
   "Undo the last commit on HEAD, and set things up to commit an
@@ -1372,6 +1421,44 @@ amended version of it."
       (git-setup-commit-buffer commit)
       (git-commit-file))))
 
+(defun git-cherry-pick-commit (arg)
+  "Cherry-pick a commit."
+  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Cherry-pick commit: ")))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (let ((commit (git-rev-parse (concat arg "^0"))))
+    (unless commit (error "Not a valid commit '%s'." arg))
+    (when (git-rev-parse (concat commit "^2"))
+      (error "Cannot cherry-pick a merge commit."))
+    (let ((files (git-get-commit-files commit))
+          (ok (git-call-process-display-error "cherry-pick" "-n" commit)))
+      (git-update-status-files files ok)
+      (with-current-buffer (git-setup-commit-buffer commit)
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (if (re-search-forward "^\n*Signed-off-by:" nil t 1)
+            (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+          (goto-char (point-max)))
+        (insert "(cherry picked from commit " commit ")\n"))
+      (when ok (git-commit-file)))))
+
+(defun git-revert-commit (arg)
+  "Revert a commit."
+  (interactive (list (git-read-commit-name "Revert commit: ")))
+  (unless git-status (error "Not in git-status buffer."))
+  (let ((commit (git-rev-parse (concat arg "^0"))))
+    (unless commit (error "Not a valid commit '%s'." arg))
+    (when (git-rev-parse (concat commit "^2"))
+      (error "Cannot revert a merge commit."))
+    (let ((files (git-get-commit-files commit))
+          (subject (git-get-commit-description commit))
+          (ok (git-call-process-display-error "revert" "-n" commit)))
+      (git-update-status-files files ok)
+      (when (string-match "^[0-9a-f]+ - \\(.*\\)$" subject)
+        (setq subject (match-string 1 subject)))
+      (git-setup-log-buffer (get-buffer-create "*git-commit*")
+                            (git-get-merge-heads) nil nil (format "Revert \"%s\"" subject) nil
+                            (format "This reverts commit %s.\n" commit))
+      (when ok (git-commit-file)))))
+
 (defun git-find-file ()
   "Visit the current file in its own buffer."
   (interactive)
@@ -1460,7 +1547,6 @@ amended version of it."
     (define-key map "P"   'git-prev-unmerged-file)
     (define-key map "q"   'git-status-quit)
     (define-key map "r"   'git-remove-file)
-    (define-key map "R"   'git-resolve-file)
     (define-key map "t"    toggle-map)
     (define-key map "T"   'git-toggle-all-marks)
     (define-key map "u"   'git-unmark-file)
@@ -1471,6 +1557,10 @@ amended version of it."
     (define-key map "\M-\C-?" 'git-unmark-all)
     ; the commit submap
     (define-key commit-map "\C-a" 'git-amend-commit)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-b" 'git-branch)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-o" 'git-checkout)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-p" 'git-cherry-pick-commit)
+    (define-key commit-map "\C-v" 'git-revert-commit)
     ; the diff submap
     (define-key diff-map "b" 'git-diff-file-base)
     (define-key diff-map "c" 'git-diff-file-combined)
@@ -1491,10 +1581,13 @@ amended version of it."
     `("Git"
       ["Refresh" git-refresh-status t]
       ["Commit" git-commit-file t]
+      ["Checkout..." git-checkout t]
+      ["New Branch..." git-branch t]
+      ["Cherry-pick Commit..." git-cherry-pick-commit t]
+      ["Revert Commit..." git-revert-commit t]
       ("Merge"
 	["Next Unmerged File" git-next-unmerged-file t]
 	["Prev Unmerged File" git-prev-unmerged-file t]
-	["Mark as Resolved" git-resolve-file t]
 	["Interactive Merge File" git-find-file-imerge t]
 	["Diff Against Common Base File" git-diff-file-base t]
 	["Diff Combined" git-diff-file-combined t]
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/vc-git.el b/contrib/emacs/vc-git.el
deleted file mode 100644
index b8f6be5c0..000000000
--- a/contrib/emacs/vc-git.el
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,216 +0,0 @@
-;;; vc-git.el --- VC backend for the git version control system
-
-;; Copyright (C) 2006 Alexandre Julliard
-
-;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-;; modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
-;; published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
-;; the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-;;
-;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
-;; useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
-;; warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-;; PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
-;;
-;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
-;; License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
-;; Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
-;; MA 02111-1307 USA
-
-;;; Commentary:
-
-;; This file contains a VC backend for the git version control
-;; system.
-;;
-;; To install: put this file on the load-path and add GIT to the list
-;; of supported backends in `vc-handled-backends'; the following line,
-;; placed in your ~/.emacs, will accomplish this:
-;;
-;;     (add-to-list 'vc-handled-backends 'GIT)
-;;
-;; TODO
-;;  - changelog generation
-;;  - working with revisions other than HEAD
-;;
-
-(eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
-
-(defvar git-commits-coding-system 'utf-8
-  "Default coding system for git commits.")
-
-(defun vc-git--run-command-string (file &rest args)
-  "Run a git command on FILE and return its output as string."
-  (let* ((ok t)
-         (str (with-output-to-string
-                (with-current-buffer standard-output
-                  (unless (eq 0 (apply #'call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil
-                                       (append args (list (file-relative-name file)))))
-                    (setq ok nil))))))
-    (and ok str)))
-
-(defun vc-git--run-command (file &rest args)
-  "Run a git command on FILE, discarding any output."
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file)))
-    (eq 0 (apply #'call-process "git" nil (get-buffer "*Messages") nil (append args (list name))))))
-
-(defun vc-git-registered (file)
-  "Check whether FILE is registered with git."
-  (with-temp-buffer
-    (let* ((dir (file-name-directory file))
-           (name (file-relative-name file dir)))
-      (and (ignore-errors
-             (when dir (cd dir))
-             (eq 0 (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "ls-files" "-c" "-z" "--" name)))
-           (let ((str (buffer-string)))
-             (and (> (length str) (length name))
-                  (string= (substring str 0 (1+ (length name))) (concat name "\0"))))))))
-
-(defun vc-git-state (file)
-  "git-specific version of `vc-state'."
-  (let ((diff (vc-git--run-command-string file "diff-index" "-z" "HEAD" "--")))
-    (if (and diff (string-match ":[0-7]\\{6\\} [0-7]\\{6\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [0-9a-f]\\{40\\} [ADMU]\0[^\0]+\0" diff))
-        'edited
-      'up-to-date)))
-
-(defun vc-git-workfile-version (file)
-  "git-specific version of `vc-workfile-version'."
-  (let ((str (with-output-to-string
-               (with-current-buffer standard-output
-                 (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "symbolic-ref" "HEAD")))))
-    (if (string-match "^\\(refs/heads/\\)?\\(.+\\)$" str)
-        (match-string 2 str)
-      str)))
-
-(defun vc-git-symbolic-commit (commit)
-  "Translate COMMIT string into symbolic form.
-Returns nil if not possible."
-  (and commit
-       (with-temp-buffer
-	 (and
-	  (zerop
-	   (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "name-rev"
-			 "--name-only" "--tags"
-			 commit))
-	  (goto-char (point-min))
-	  (= (forward-line 2) 1)
-	  (bolp)
-	  (buffer-substring-no-properties (point-min) (1- (point-max)))))))
-
-(defun vc-git-previous-version (file rev)
-  "git-specific version of `vc-previous-version'."
-  (let ((default-directory (file-name-directory (expand-file-name file)))
-	(file (file-name-nondirectory file)))
-    (vc-git-symbolic-commit
-     (with-temp-buffer
-       (and
-	(zerop
-	 (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "rev-list"
-		       "-2" rev "--" file))
-	(goto-char (point-max))
-	(bolp)
-	(zerop (forward-line -1))
-	(not (bobp))
-	(buffer-substring-no-properties
-	   (point)
-	   (1- (point-max))))))))
-
-(defun vc-git-next-version (file rev)
-  "git-specific version of `vc-next-version'."
-  (let* ((default-directory (file-name-directory
-			     (expand-file-name file)))
-	(file (file-name-nondirectory file))
-	(current-rev
-	 (with-temp-buffer
-	   (and
-	    (zerop
-	     (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "rev-list"
-			   "-1" rev "--" file))
-	    (goto-char (point-max))
-	    (bolp)
-	    (zerop (forward-line -1))
-	    (bobp)
-	    (buffer-substring-no-properties
-	     (point)
-	     (1- (point-max)))))))
-    (and current-rev
-	 (vc-git-symbolic-commit
-	  (with-temp-buffer
-	    (and
-	     (zerop
-	      (call-process "git" nil '(t nil) nil "rev-list"
-			    "HEAD" "--" file))
-	     (goto-char (point-min))
-	     (search-forward current-rev nil t)
-	     (zerop (forward-line -1))
-	     (buffer-substring-no-properties
-	      (point)
-	      (progn (forward-line 1) (1- (point))))))))))
-
-(defun vc-git-revert (file &optional contents-done)
-  "Revert FILE to the version stored in the git repository."
-  (if contents-done
-      (vc-git--run-command file "update-index" "--")
-    (vc-git--run-command file "checkout" "HEAD")))
-
-(defun vc-git-checkout-model (file)
-  'implicit)
-
-(defun vc-git-workfile-unchanged-p (file)
-  (let ((sha1 (vc-git--run-command-string file "hash-object" "--"))
-        (head (vc-git--run-command-string file "ls-tree" "-z" "HEAD" "--")))
-    (and head
-         (string-match "[0-7]\\{6\\} blob \\([0-9a-f]\\{40\\}\\)\t[^\0]+\0" head)
-         (string= (car (split-string sha1 "\n")) (match-string 1 head)))))
-
-(defun vc-git-register (file &optional rev comment)
-  "Register FILE into the git version-control system."
-  (vc-git--run-command file "update-index" "--add" "--"))
-
-(defun vc-git-print-log (file &optional buffer)
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file))
-        (coding-system-for-read git-commits-coding-system))
-    (vc-do-command buffer 'async "git" name "rev-list" "--pretty" "HEAD" "--")))
-
-(defun vc-git-diff (file &optional rev1 rev2 buffer)
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file))
-        (buf (or buffer "*vc-diff*")))
-    (if (and rev1 rev2)
-        (vc-do-command buf 0 "git" name "diff-tree" "-p" rev1 rev2 "--")
-      (vc-do-command buf 0 "git" name "diff-index" "-p" (or rev1 "HEAD") "--"))
-    ; git-diff-index doesn't set exit status like diff does
-    (if (vc-git-workfile-unchanged-p file) 0 1)))
-
-(defun vc-git-checkin (file rev comment)
-  (let ((coding-system-for-write git-commits-coding-system))
-    (vc-git--run-command file "commit" "-m" comment "--only" "--")))
-
-(defun vc-git-checkout (file &optional editable rev destfile)
-  (if destfile
-      (let ((fullname (substring
-                       (vc-git--run-command-string file "ls-files" "-z" "--full-name" "--")
-                       0 -1))
-            (coding-system-for-read 'no-conversion)
-            (coding-system-for-write 'no-conversion))
-        (with-temp-file destfile
-          (eq 0 (call-process "git" nil t nil "cat-file" "blob"
-                              (concat (or rev "HEAD") ":" fullname)))))
-    (vc-git--run-command file "checkout" (or rev "HEAD"))))
-
-(defun vc-git-annotate-command (file buf &optional rev)
-  ; FIXME: rev is ignored
-  (let ((name (file-relative-name file)))
-    (call-process "git" nil buf nil "blame" name)))
-
-(defun vc-git-annotate-time ()
-  (and (re-search-forward "[0-9a-f]+ (.* \\([0-9]+\\)-\\([0-9]+\\)-\\([0-9]+\\) \\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\) \\([-+0-9]+\\) +[0-9]+)" nil t)
-       (vc-annotate-convert-time
-        (apply #'encode-time (mapcar (lambda (match) (string-to-number (match-string match))) '(6 5 4 3 2 1 7))))))
-
-;; Not really useful since we can't do anything with the revision yet
-;;(defun vc-annotate-extract-revision-at-line ()
-;;  (save-excursion
-;;    (move-beginning-of-line 1)
-;;    (and (looking-at "[0-9a-f]+")
-;;         (buffer-substring (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0)))))
-
-(provide 'vc-git)
diff --git a/contrib/examples/README b/contrib/examples/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6946f3dd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/examples/README
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+These are original scripted implementations, kept primarily for their
+reference value to any aspiring plumbing users who want to learn how
+pieces can be fit together.
diff --git a/builtin-fetch--tool.c b/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
index 469b07e24..cd10dbcbc 100644
--- a/builtin-fetch--tool.c
+++ b/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static char *get_stdin(void)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0) {
-		die("error reading standard input: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("error reading standard input");
 	}
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
@@ -96,21 +97,21 @@ static int update_local_ref(const char *name,
 	strcpy(newh, find_unique_abbrev(sha1_new, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
 	if (in_merge_bases(current, &updated, 1)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: fast forward to %s\n",
+		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: fast-forward to %s\n",
 			name, note);
 		fprintf(stderr, "  old..new: %s..%s\n", oldh, newh);
-		return update_ref_env("fast forward", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
+		return update_ref_env("fast-forward", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
 	}
 	if (!force) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
-			"* %s: not updating to non-fast forward %s\n",
+			"* %s: not updating to non-fast-forward %s\n",
 			name, note);
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"  old...new: %s...%s\n", oldh, newh);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	fprintf(stderr,
-		"* %s: forcing update to non-fast forward %s\n",
+		"* %s: forcing update to non-fast-forward %s\n",
 		name, note);
 	fprintf(stderr, "  old...new: %s...%s\n", oldh, newh);
 	return update_ref_env("forced-update", name, sha1_new, sha1_old);
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ static void remove_keep(void)
 static void remove_keep_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_keep();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@ static int fetch_native_store(FILE *fp,
 	char buffer[1024];
 	int err = 0;
 
-	signal(SIGINT, remove_keep_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_keep_on_signal);
 	atexit(remove_keep);
 
 	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin)) {
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh b/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh
index e9588eec3..500635fe4 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-merge.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ summary              (synonym to --stat)
 log                  add list of one-line log to merge commit message
 squash               create a single commit instead of doing a merge
 commit               perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)
-ff                   allow fast forward (default)
+ff                   allow fast-forward (default)
 s,strategy=          merge strategy to use
 m,message=           message to be used for the merge commit (if any)
 "
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ t,1,"$head",*)
 	# Again the most common case of merging one remote.
 	echo "Updating $(git rev-parse --short $head)..$(git rev-parse --short $1)"
 	git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
-	msg="Fast forward"
+	msg="Fast-forward"
 	if test -n "$have_message"
 	then
 		msg="$msg (no commit created; -m option ignored)"
@@ -365,11 +365,11 @@ t,1,"$head",*)
 	exit 0
 	;;
 ?,1,?*"$LF"?*,*)
-	# We are not doing octopus and not fast forward.  Need a
+	# We are not doing octopus and not fast-forward.  Need a
 	# real merge.
 	;;
 ?,1,*,)
-	# We are not doing octopus, not fast forward, and have only
+	# We are not doing octopus, not fast-forward, and have only
 	# one common.
 	git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
 	case "$allow_trivial_merge" in
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh b/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
index 0ee1bd898..8f98142f7 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-resolve.sh
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ case "$common" in
 "$head")
 	echo "Updating $(git rev-parse --short $head)..$(git rev-parse --short $merge)"
 	git read-tree -u -m $head $merge || exit 1
-	git update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: Fast forward" \
+	git update-ref -m "resolve $merge_name: Fast-forward" \
 		HEAD "$merge" "$head"
 	git diff-tree -p $head $merge | git apply --stat
 	dropheads
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
index a13bb6afe..4576c4a86 100755
--- a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.perl
@@ -287,9 +287,9 @@ my $last_rev = "";
 my $last_branch;
 my $current_rev = $opt_s || 1;
 unless(-d $git_dir) {
-	system("git-init");
+	system("git init");
 	die "Cannot init the GIT db at $git_tree: $?\n" if $?;
-	system("git-read-tree");
+	system("git read-tree");
 	die "Cannot init an empty tree: $?\n" if $?;
 
 	$last_branch = $opt_o;
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ unless(-d $git_dir) {
 	-f "$git_dir/svn2git"
 		or die "'$git_dir/svn2git' does not exist.\n".
 		       "You need that file for incremental imports.\n";
-	open(F, "git-symbolic-ref HEAD |") or
+	open(F, "git symbolic-ref HEAD |") or
 		die "Cannot run git-symbolic-ref: $!\n";
 	chomp ($last_branch = <F>);
 	$last_branch = basename($last_branch);
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ EOM
 				"$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o") == 0;
 
 	# populate index
-	system('git-read-tree', $last_rev);
+	system('git', 'read-tree', $last_rev);
 	die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
 
 	# Get the last import timestamps
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ sub get_file($$$) {
 	my $pid = open(my $F, '-|');
 	die $! unless defined $pid;
 	if (!$pid) {
-	    exec("git-hash-object", "-w", $name)
+	    exec("git", "hash-object", "-w", $name)
 		or die "Cannot create object: $!\n";
 	}
 	my $sha = <$F>;
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ sub get_ignore($$$$$) {
 		my $pid = open(my $F, '-|');
 		die $! unless defined $pid;
 		if (!$pid) {
-			exec("git-hash-object", "-w", $name)
+			exec("git", "hash-object", "-w", $name)
 			    or die "Cannot create object: $!\n";
 		}
 		my $sha = <$F>;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ sub copy_path($$$$$$$$) {
 	my $pid = open my $f,'-|';
 	die $! unless defined $pid;
 	if (!$pid) {
-		exec("git-ls-tree","-r","-z",$gitrev,$srcpath)
+		exec("git","ls-tree","-r","-z",$gitrev,$srcpath)
 			or die $!;
 	}
 	local $/ = "\0";
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ sub commit {
 
 	my $rev;
 	if($revision > $opt_s and defined $parent) {
-		open(H,'-|',"git-rev-parse","--verify",$parent);
+		open(H,'-|',"git","rev-parse","--verify",$parent);
 		$rev = <H>;
 		close(H) or do {
 			print STDERR "$revision: cannot find commit '$parent'!\n";
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ sub commit {
 		unlink($git_index);
 	} elsif ($rev ne $last_rev) {
 		print "Switching from $last_rev to $rev ($branch)\n" if $opt_v;
-		system("git-read-tree", $rev);
+		system("git", "read-tree", $rev);
 		die "read-tree failed for $rev: $?\n" if $?;
 		$last_rev = $rev;
 	}
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ sub commit {
 			my $pid = open my $F, "-|";
 			die "$!" unless defined $pid;
 			if (!$pid) {
-				exec("git-ls-files", "-z", @o1) or die $!;
+				exec("git", "ls-files", "-z", @o1) or die $!;
 			}
 			@o1 = ();
 			local $/ = "\0";
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@ sub commit {
 					@o2 = @o1;
 					@o1 = ();
 				}
-				system("git-update-index","--force-remove","--",@o2);
+				system("git","update-index","--force-remove","--",@o2);
 				die "Cannot remove files: $?\n" if $?;
 			}
 		}
@@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ sub commit {
 				@n2 = @new;
 				@new = ();
 			}
-			system("git-update-index","--add",
+			system("git","update-index","--add",
 				(map { ('--cacheinfo', @$_) } @n2));
 			die "Cannot add files: $?\n" if $?;
 		}
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ sub commit {
 		my $pid = open(C,"-|");
 		die "Cannot fork: $!" unless defined $pid;
 		unless($pid) {
-			exec("git-write-tree");
+			exec("git","write-tree");
 			die "Cannot exec git-write-tree: $!\n";
 		}
 		chomp(my $tree = <C>);
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ sub commit {
 				"GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=$committer_name",
 				"GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=$committer_email",
 				"GIT_COMMITTER_DATE=".strftime("+0000 %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)),
-				"git-commit-tree", $tree,@par);
+				"git", "commit-tree", $tree,@par);
 			die "Cannot exec git-commit-tree: $!\n";
 		}
 		$pw->writer();
@@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ sub commit {
 
 		$dest =~ tr/_/\./ if $opt_u;
 
-		system('git-tag', '-f', $dest, $cid) == 0
+		system('git', 'tag', '-f', $dest, $cid) == 0
 			or die "Cannot create tag $dest: $!\n";
 
 		print "Created tag '$dest' on '$branch'\n" if $opt_v;
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ while ($to_rev < $opt_l) {
 	my $pid = fork();
 	die "Fork: $!\n" unless defined $pid;
 	unless($pid) {
-		exec("git-repack", "-d")
+		exec("git", "repack", "-d")
 			or die "Cannot repack: $!\n";
 	}
 	waitpid($pid, 0);
@@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ if($orig_branch) {
 	system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
 		if $forward_master;
 	unless ($opt_i) {
-		system('git-read-tree', '-m', '-u', 'SVN2GIT_HEAD', 'HEAD');
+		system('git', 'read-tree', '-m', '-u', 'SVN2GIT_HEAD', 'HEAD');
 		die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
 	}
 } else {
@@ -966,7 +966,7 @@ if($orig_branch) {
 	print "DONE; creating $orig_branch branch\n" if $opt_v and (not defined $opt_l or $opt_l > 0);
 	system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
 		unless -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/master";
-	system('git-update-ref', 'HEAD', "$orig_branch");
+	system('git', 'update-ref', 'HEAD', "$orig_branch");
 	unless ($opt_i) {
 		system('git checkout');
 		die "checkout failed: $?\n" if $?;
diff --git a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt
index 71aad8b45..3bb871e42 100644
--- a/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt
+++ b/contrib/examples/git-svnimport.txt
@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ due to SVN memory leaks. (These have been worked around.)
 -R <repack_each_revs>::
 	Specify how often git repository should be repacked.
 +
-The default value is 1000. git-svnimport will do import in chunks of 1000
-revisions, after each chunk git repository will be repacked. To disable
-this behavior specify some big value here which is mote than number of
+The default value is 1000. git-svnimport will do imports in chunks of 1000
+revisions, after each chunk the git repository will be repacked. To disable
+this behavior specify some large value here which is greater than the number of
 revisions to import.
 
 -P <path_from_trunk>::
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4 b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
index b44fbfc9b..48059d0aa 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
@@ -8,12 +8,10 @@
 # License: MIT <http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php>
 #
 
-import optparse, sys, os, marshal, popen2, subprocess, shelve
-import tempfile, getopt, sha, os.path, time, platform
+import optparse, sys, os, marshal, subprocess, shelve
+import tempfile, getopt, os.path, time, platform
 import re
 
-from sets import Set;
-
 verbose = False
 
 
@@ -201,7 +199,7 @@ def isModeExec(mode):
 def isModeExecChanged(src_mode, dst_mode):
     return isModeExec(src_mode) != isModeExec(dst_mode)
 
-def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b'):
+def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b', cb=None):
     cmd = p4_build_cmd("-G %s" % (cmd))
     if verbose:
         sys.stderr.write("Opening pipe: %s\n" % cmd)
@@ -224,7 +222,10 @@ def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b'):
     try:
         while True:
             entry = marshal.load(p4.stdout)
-            result.append(entry)
+	    if cb is not None:
+		cb(entry)
+	    else:
+		result.append(entry)
     except EOFError:
         pass
     exitCode = p4.wait()
@@ -245,7 +246,22 @@ def p4Cmd(cmd):
 def p4Where(depotPath):
     if not depotPath.endswith("/"):
         depotPath += "/"
-    output = p4Cmd("where %s..." % depotPath)
+    depotPath = depotPath + "..."
+    outputList = p4CmdList("where %s" % depotPath)
+    output = None
+    for entry in outputList:
+        if "depotFile" in entry:
+            if entry["depotFile"] == depotPath:
+                output = entry
+                break
+        elif "data" in entry:
+            data = entry.get("data")
+            space = data.find(" ")
+            if data[:space] == depotPath:
+                output = entry
+                break
+    if output == None:
+        return ""
     if output["code"] == "error":
         return ""
     clientPath = ""
@@ -427,13 +443,14 @@ def p4ChangesForPaths(depotPaths, changeRange):
     output = p4_read_pipe_lines("changes " + ' '.join (["%s...%s" % (p, changeRange)
                                                         for p in depotPaths]))
 
-    changes = []
+    changes = {}
     for line in output:
-        changeNum = line.split(" ")[1]
-        changes.append(int(changeNum))
+	changeNum = int(line.split(" ")[1])
+	changes[changeNum] = True
 
-    changes.sort()
-    return changes
+    changelist = changes.keys()
+    changelist.sort()
+    return changelist
 
 class Command:
     def __init__(self):
@@ -712,13 +729,10 @@ class P4Submit(Command):
             tmpFile.write(submitTemplate + separatorLine + diff + newdiff)
             tmpFile.close()
             mtime = os.stat(fileName).st_mtime
-            defaultEditor = "vi"
-            if platform.system() == "Windows":
-                defaultEditor = "notepad"
             if os.environ.has_key("P4EDITOR"):
                 editor = os.environ.get("P4EDITOR")
             else:
-                editor = os.environ.get("EDITOR", defaultEditor);
+                editor = read_pipe("git var GIT_EDITOR")
             system(editor + " " + fileName)
 
             response = "y"
@@ -845,8 +859,8 @@ class P4Sync(Command):
 
         self.usage += " //depot/path[@revRange]"
         self.silent = False
-        self.createdBranches = Set()
-        self.committedChanges = Set()
+        self.createdBranches = set()
+        self.committedChanges = set()
         self.branch = ""
         self.detectBranches = False
         self.detectLabels = False
@@ -934,10 +948,84 @@ class P4Sync(Command):
 
         return branches
 
-    ## Should move this out, doesn't use SELF.
-    def readP4Files(self, files):
+    # output one file from the P4 stream
+    # - helper for streamP4Files
+
+    def streamOneP4File(self, file, contents):
+	if file["type"] == "apple":
+	    print "\nfile %s is a strange apple file that forks. Ignoring" % \
+		file['depotFile']
+	    return
+
+        relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['depotFile'], self.branchPrefixes)
+        if verbose:
+            sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % relPath)
+
+        mode = "644"
+        if isP4Exec(file["type"]):
+            mode = "755"
+        elif file["type"] == "symlink":
+            mode = "120000"
+            # p4 print on a symlink contains "target\n", so strip it off
+            last = contents.pop()
+            last = last[:-1]
+            contents.append(last)
+
+        if self.isWindows and file["type"].endswith("text"):
+            mangled = []
+            for data in contents:
+                data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+                mangled.append(data)
+            contents = mangled
+
+        if file['type'] in ('text+ko', 'unicode+ko', 'binary+ko'):
+            contents = map(lambda text: re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header):[^$]*\$',r'$\1$', text), contents)
+        elif file['type'] in ('text+k', 'ktext', 'kxtext', 'unicode+k', 'binary+k'):
+            contents = map(lambda text: re.sub(r'\$(Id|Header|Author|Date|DateTime|Change|File|Revision):[^$\n]*\$',r'$\1$', text), contents)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("M %s inline %s\n" % (mode, relPath))
+
+        # total length...
+        length = 0
+        for d in contents:
+            length = length + len(d)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("data %d\n" % length)
+        for d in contents:
+            self.gitStream.write(d)
+        self.gitStream.write("\n")
+
+    def streamOneP4Deletion(self, file):
+        relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['path'], self.branchPrefixes)
+        if verbose:
+            sys.stderr.write("delete %s\n" % relPath)
+        self.gitStream.write("D %s\n" % relPath)
+
+    # handle another chunk of streaming data
+    def streamP4FilesCb(self, marshalled):
+
+	if marshalled.has_key('depotFile') and self.stream_have_file_info:
+	    # start of a new file - output the old one first
+	    self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
+	    self.stream_file = {}
+	    self.stream_contents = []
+	    self.stream_have_file_info = False
+
+	# pick up the new file information... for the
+	# 'data' field we need to append to our array
+	for k in marshalled.keys():
+	    if k == 'data':
+		self.stream_contents.append(marshalled['data'])
+	    else:
+		self.stream_file[k] = marshalled[k]
+
+	self.stream_have_file_info = True
+
+    # Stream directly from "p4 files" into "git fast-import"
+    def streamP4Files(self, files):
         filesForCommit = []
         filesToRead = []
+        filesToDelete = []
 
         for f in files:
             includeFile = True
@@ -951,50 +1039,35 @@ class P4Sync(Command):
                 filesForCommit.append(f)
                 if f['action'] not in ('delete', 'purge'):
                     filesToRead.append(f)
+                else:
+                    filesToDelete.append(f)
 
-        filedata = []
-        if len(filesToRead) > 0:
-            filedata = p4CmdList('-x - print',
-                                 stdin='\n'.join(['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev'])
-                                                  for f in filesToRead]),
-                                 stdin_mode='w+')
-
-            if "p4ExitCode" in filedata[0]:
-                die("Problems executing p4. Error: [%d]."
-                    % (filedata[0]['p4ExitCode']));
-
-        j = 0;
-        contents = {}
-        while j < len(filedata):
-            stat = filedata[j]
-            j += 1
-            text = ''
-            while j < len(filedata) and filedata[j]['code'] in ('text', 'unicode', 'binary'):
-                text += filedata[j]['data']
-                del filedata[j]['data']
-                j += 1
-
-            if not stat.has_key('depotFile'):
-                sys.stderr.write("p4 print fails with: %s\n" % repr(stat))
-                continue
+        # deleted files...
+        for f in filesToDelete:
+            self.streamOneP4Deletion(f)
 
-            if stat['type'] in ('text+ko', 'unicode+ko', 'binary+ko'):
-                text = re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header):[^$]*\$',r'$\1$', text)
-            elif stat['type'] in ('text+k', 'ktext', 'kxtext', 'unicode+k', 'binary+k'):
-                text = re.sub(r'\$(Id|Header|Author|Date|DateTime|Change|File|Revision):[^$\n]*\$',r'$\1$', text)
+        if len(filesToRead) > 0:
+            self.stream_file = {}
+            self.stream_contents = []
+            self.stream_have_file_info = False
 
-            contents[stat['depotFile']] = text
+	    # curry self argument
+	    def streamP4FilesCbSelf(entry):
+		self.streamP4FilesCb(entry)
 
-        for f in filesForCommit:
-            path = f['path']
-            if contents.has_key(path):
-                f['data'] = contents[path]
+	    p4CmdList("-x - print",
+		'\n'.join(['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev'])
+                                                  for f in filesToRead]),
+	        cb=streamP4FilesCbSelf)
 
-        return filesForCommit
+            # do the last chunk
+            if self.stream_file.has_key('depotFile'):
+                self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
 
     def commit(self, details, files, branch, branchPrefixes, parent = ""):
         epoch = details["time"]
         author = details["user"]
+	self.branchPrefixes = branchPrefixes
 
         if self.verbose:
             print "commit into %s" % branch
@@ -1007,7 +1080,6 @@ class P4Sync(Command):
                 new_files.append (f)
             else:
                 sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file outside of prefix: %s\n" % path)
-        files = self.readP4Files(new_files)
 
         self.gitStream.write("commit %s\n" % branch)
 #        gitStream.write("mark :%s\n" % details["change"])
@@ -1035,33 +1107,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command):
                 print "parent %s" % parent
             self.gitStream.write("from %s\n" % parent)
 
-        for file in files:
-            if file["type"] == "apple":
-                print "\nfile %s is a strange apple file that forks. Ignoring!" % file['path']
-                continue
-
-            relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['path'], branchPrefixes)
-            if file["action"] in ("delete", "purge"):
-                self.gitStream.write("D %s\n" % relPath)
-            else:
-                data = file['data']
-
-                mode = "644"
-                if isP4Exec(file["type"]):
-                    mode = "755"
-                elif file["type"] == "symlink":
-                    mode = "120000"
-                    # p4 print on a symlink contains "target\n", so strip it off
-                    data = data[:-1]
-
-                if self.isWindows and file["type"].endswith("text"):
-                    data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n")
-
-                self.gitStream.write("M %s inline %s\n" % (mode, relPath))
-                self.gitStream.write("data %s\n" % len(data))
-                self.gitStream.write(data)
-                self.gitStream.write("\n")
-
+        self.streamP4Files(new_files)
         self.gitStream.write("\n")
 
         change = int(details["change"])
@@ -1126,7 +1172,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command):
 
         s = ''
         for (key, val) in self.users.items():
-            s += "%s\t%s\n" % (key, val)
+	    s += "%s\t%s\n" % (key.expandtabs(1), val.expandtabs(1))
 
         open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "wb").write(s)
         self.userMapFromPerforceServer = True
@@ -1611,7 +1657,7 @@ class P4Sync(Command):
 
             if len(self.changesFile) > 0:
                 output = open(self.changesFile).readlines()
-                changeSet = Set()
+                changeSet = set()
                 for line in output:
                     changeSet.add(int(line))
 
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-directories.perl b/contrib/fast-import/import-directories.perl
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5782d80e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-directories.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+#
+# Copyright 2008-2009 Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+#
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+#
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+import-directories - Import bits and pieces to Git.
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+B<import-directories.perl> F<configfile> F<outputfile>
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+Script to import arbitrary projects version controlled by the "copy the
+source directory to a new location and edit it there"-version controlled
+projects into version control. Handles projects with arbitrary branching
+and version trees, taking a file describing the inputs and generating a
+file compatible with the L<git-fast-import(1)> format.
+
+=head1 CONFIGURATION FILE
+
+=head2 Format
+
+The configuration file is based on the standard I<.ini> format.
+
+ ; Comments start with semi-colons
+ [section]
+ key=value
+
+Please see below for information on how to escape special characters.
+
+=head2 Global configuration
+
+Global configuration is done in the B<[config]> section, which should be
+the first section in the file. Configuration can be changed by
+repeating configuration sections later on.
+
+ [config]
+ ; configure conversion of CRLFs. "convert" means that all CRLFs
+ ; should be converted into LFs (suitable for the core.autocrlf
+ ; setting set to true in Git). "none" means that all data is
+ ; treated as binary.
+ crlf=convert
+
+=head2 Revision configuration
+
+Each revision that is to be imported is described in three
+sections. Revisions should be defined in topological order, so
+that a revision's parent has always been defined when a new revision
+is introduced. All the sections for one revision must be defined
+before defining the next revision.
+
+Each revision is assigned a unique numerical identifier. The
+numbers do not need to be consecutive, nor monotonically
+increasing.
+
+For instance, if your configuration file contains only the two
+revisions 4711 and 42, where 4711 is the initial commit, the
+only requirement is that 4711 is completely defined before 42.
+
+=pod
+
+=head3 Revision description section
+
+A section whose section name is just an integer gives meta-data
+about the revision.
+
+ [3]
+ ; author sets the author of the revisions
+ author=Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+ ; branch sets the branch that the revision should be committed to
+ branch=master
+ ; parent describes the revision that is the parent of this commit
+ ; (optional)
+ parent=1
+ ; merges describes a revision that is merged into this commit
+ ; (optional; can be repeated)
+ merges=2
+ ; selects one file to take the timestamp from
+ ; (optional; if unspecified, the most recent file from the .files
+ ;  section is used)
+ timestamp=3/source.c
+
+=head3 Revision contents section
+
+A section whose section name is an integer followed by B<.files>
+describe all the files included in this revision. If a file that
+was available previously is not included in this revision, it will
+be removed.
+
+If an on-disk revision is incomplete, you can point to files from
+a previous revision. There are no restriction as to where the source
+files are located, nor to the names of them.
+
+ [3.files]
+ ; the key is the path inside the repository, the value is the path
+ ; as seen from the importer script.
+ source.c=ver-3.00/source.c
+ source.h=ver-2.99/source.h
+ readme.txt=ver-3.00/introduction to the project.txt
+
+File names are treated as byte strings (but please see below on
+quoting rules), and should be stored in the configuration file in
+the encoding that should be used in the generated repository.
+
+=head3 Revision commit message section
+
+A section whose section name is an integer followed by B<.message>
+gives the commit message. This section is read verbatim, up until
+the beginning of the next section. As such, a commit message may not
+contain a line that begins with an opening square bracket ("[") and
+ends with a closing square bracket ("]"), unless they are surrounded
+by whitespace or other characters.
+
+ [3.message]
+ Implement foobar.
+ ; trailing blank lines are ignored.
+
+=cut
+
+# Globals
+use strict;
+use integer;
+my $crlfmode = 0;
+my @revs;
+my (%revmap, %message, %files, %author, %branch, %parent, %merges, %time, %timesource);
+my $sectiontype = 0;
+my $rev = 0;
+my $mark = 1;
+
+# Check command line
+if ($#ARGV < 1 || $ARGV[0] =~ /^--?h/)
+{
+    exec('perldoc', $0);
+    exit 1;
+}
+
+# Open configuration
+my $config = $ARGV[0];
+open CFG, '<', $config or die "Cannot open configuration file \"$config\": ";
+
+# Open output
+my $output = $ARGV[1];
+open OUT, '>', $output or die "Cannot create output file \"$output\": ";
+binmode OUT;
+
+LINE: while (my $line = <CFG>)
+{
+	$line =~ s/\r?\n$//;
+	next LINE if $sectiontype != 4 && $line eq '';
+	next LINE if $line =~ /^;/;
+	my $oldsectiontype = $sectiontype;
+	my $oldrev = $rev;
+
+	# Sections
+	if ($line =~ m"^\[(config|(\d+)(|\.files|\.message))\]$")
+	{
+		if ($1 eq 'config')
+		{
+			$sectiontype = 1;
+		}
+		elsif ($3 eq '')
+		{
+			$sectiontype = 2;
+			$rev = $2;
+			# Create a new revision
+			die "Duplicate rev: $line\n " if defined $revmap{$rev};
+			print "Reading revision $rev\n";
+			push @revs, $rev;
+			$revmap{$rev} = $mark ++;
+			$time{$revmap{$rev}} = 0;
+		}
+		elsif ($3 eq '.files')
+		{
+			$sectiontype = 3;
+			$rev = $2;
+			die "Revision mismatch: $line\n " unless $rev == $oldrev;
+		}
+		elsif ($3 eq '.message')
+		{
+			$sectiontype = 4;
+			$rev = $2;
+			die "Revision mismatch: $line\n " unless $rev == $oldrev;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			die "Internal parse error: $line\n ";
+		}
+		next LINE;
+	}
+
+	# Parse data
+	if ($sectiontype != 4)
+	{
+		# Key and value
+		if ($line =~ m"^\s*([^\s].*=.*[^\s])\s*$")
+		{
+			my ($key, $value) = &parsekeyvaluepair($1);
+			# Global configuration
+			if (1 == $sectiontype)
+			{
+				if ($key eq 'crlf')
+				{
+					$crlfmode = 1, next LINE if $value eq 'convert';
+					$crlfmode = 0, next LINE if $value eq 'none';
+				}
+				die "Unknown configuration option: $line\n ";
+			}
+			# Revision specification
+			if (2 == $sectiontype)
+			{
+				my $current = $revmap{$rev};
+				$author{$current} = $value, next LINE if $key eq 'author';
+				$branch{$current} = $value, next LINE if $key eq 'branch';
+				$parent{$current} = $value, next LINE if $key eq 'parent';
+				$timesource{$current} = $value, next LINE if $key eq 'timestamp';
+				push(@{$merges{$current}}, $value), next LINE if $key eq 'merges';
+				die "Unknown revision option: $line\n ";
+			}
+			# Filespecs
+			if (3 == $sectiontype)
+			{
+				# Add the file and create a marker
+				die "File not found: $line\n " unless -f $value;
+				my $current = $revmap{$rev};
+				${$files{$current}}{$key} = $mark;
+				my $time = &fileblob($value, $crlfmode, $mark ++);
+
+				# Update revision timestamp if more recent than other
+				# files seen, or if this is the file we have selected
+				# to take the time stamp from using the "timestamp"
+				# directive.
+				if ((defined $timesource{$current} && $timesource{$current} eq $value)
+				    || $time > $time{$current})
+				{
+					$time{$current} = $time;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			die "Parse error: $line\n ";
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		# Commit message
+		my $current = $revmap{$rev};
+		if (defined $message{$current})
+		{
+			$message{$current} .= "\n";
+		}
+		$message{$current} .= $line;
+	}
+}
+close CFG;
+
+# Start spewing out data for git-fast-import
+foreach my $commit (@revs)
+{
+	# Progress
+	print OUT "progress Creating revision $commit\n";
+
+	# Create commit header
+	my $mark = $revmap{$commit};
+
+	# Branch and commit id
+	print OUT "commit refs/heads/", $branch{$mark}, "\nmark :", $mark, "\n";
+
+	# Author and timestamp
+	die "No timestamp defined for $commit (no files?)\n" unless defined $time{$mark};
+	print OUT "committer ", $author{$mark}, " ", $time{$mark}, " +0100\n";
+
+	# Commit message
+	die "No message defined for $commit\n" unless defined $message{$mark};
+	my $message = $message{$mark};
+	$message =~ s/\n$//; # Kill trailing empty line
+	print OUT "data ", length($message), "\n", $message, "\n";
+
+	# Parent and any merges
+	print OUT "from :", $revmap{$parent{$mark}}, "\n" if defined $parent{$mark};
+	if (defined $merges{$mark})
+	{
+		foreach my $merge (@{$merges{$mark}})
+		{
+			print OUT "merge :", $revmap{$merge}, "\n";
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Output file marks
+	print OUT "deleteall\n"; # start from scratch
+	foreach my $file (sort keys %{$files{$mark}})
+	{
+		print OUT "M 644 :", ${$files{$mark}}{$file}, " $file\n";
+	}
+	print OUT "\n";
+}
+
+# Create one file blob
+sub fileblob
+{
+	my ($filename, $crlfmode, $mark) = @_;
+
+	# Import the file
+	print OUT "progress Importing $filename\nblob\nmark :$mark\n";
+	open FILE, '<', $filename or die "Cannot read $filename\n ";
+	binmode FILE;
+	my ($size, $mtime) = (stat(FILE))[7,9];
+	my $file;
+	read FILE, $file, $size;
+	close FILE;
+	$file =~ s/\r\n/\n/g if $crlfmode;
+	print OUT "data ", length($file), "\n", $file, "\n";
+
+	return $mtime;
+}
+
+# Parse a key=value pair
+sub parsekeyvaluepair
+{
+=pod
+
+=head2 Escaping special characters
+
+Key and value strings may be enclosed in quotes, in which case
+whitespace inside the quotes is preserved. Additionally, an equal
+sign may be included in the key by preceeding it with a backslash.
+For example:
+
+ "key1 "=value1
+ key2=" value2"
+ key\=3=value3
+ key4=value=4
+ "key5""=value5
+
+Here the first key is "key1 " (note the trailing white-space) and the
+second value is " value2" (note the leading white-space). The third
+key contains an equal sign "key=3" and so does the fourth value, which
+does not need to be escaped. The fifth key contains a trailing quote,
+which does not need to be escaped since it is inside a surrounding
+quote.
+
+=cut
+	my $pair = shift;
+
+	# Separate key and value by the first non-quoted equal sign
+	my ($key, $value);
+	if ($pair =~ /^(.*[^\\])=(.*)$/)
+	{
+		($key, $value) = ($1, $2)
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		die "Parse error: $pair\n ";
+	}
+
+	# Unquote and unescape the key and value separately
+	return (&unescape($key), &unescape($value));
+}
+
+# Unquote and unescape
+sub unescape
+{
+	my $string = shift;
+
+	# First remove enclosing quotes. Backslash before the trailing
+	# quote leaves both.
+	if ($string =~ /^"(.*[^\\])"$/)
+	{
+		$string = $1;
+	}
+
+	# Second remove any backslashes inside the unquoted string.
+	# For later: Handle special sequences like \t ?
+	$string =~ s/\\(.)/$1/g;
+
+	return $string;
+}
+
+__END__
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 EXAMPLES
+
+B<import-directories.perl> F<project.import>
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Copyright 2008-2009 Peter Krefting E<lt>peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation.
+
+=cut
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl b/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
index 23aeb257b..95438e1ed 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-tars.perl
@@ -8,19 +8,35 @@
 ##  perl import-tars.perl *.tar.bz2
 ##  git whatchanged import-tars
 ##
+## Use --metainfo to specify the extension for a meta data file, where
+## import-tars can read the commit message and optionally author and
+## committer information.
+##
+##  echo 'This is the commit message' > myfile.tar.bz2.msg
+##  perl import-tars.perl --metainfo=msg myfile.tar.bz2
 
 use strict;
-die "usage: import-tars *.tar.{gz,bz2,Z}\n" unless @ARGV;
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+my $metaext = '';
+
+die "usage: import-tars [--metainfo=extension] *.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma,xz,Z}\n"
+	unless GetOptions('metainfo=s' => \$metaext) && @ARGV;
 
 my $branch_name = 'import-tars';
 my $branch_ref = "refs/heads/$branch_name";
-my $committer_name = 'T Ar Creator';
-my $committer_email = 'tar@example.com';
+my $author_name = $ENV{'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME'} || 'T Ar Creator';
+my $author_email = $ENV{'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL'} || 'tar@example.com';
+my $committer_name = $ENV{'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'} || `git config --get user.name`;
+my $committer_email = $ENV{'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'} || `git config --get user.email`;
+
+chomp($committer_name, $committer_email);
 
 open(FI, '|-', 'git', 'fast-import', '--quiet')
 	or die "Unable to start git fast-import: $!\n";
 foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 {
+	my $commit_time = time;
 	$tar_file =~ m,([^/]+)$,;
 	my $tar_name = $1;
 
@@ -33,13 +49,16 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 	} elsif ($tar_name =~ s/\.tar\.Z$//) {
 		open(I, '-|', 'uncompress', '-c', $tar_file)
 			or die "Unable to uncompress -c $tar_file: $!\n";
+	} elsif ($tar_name =~ s/\.(tar\.(lzma|xz)|(tlz|txz))$//) {
+		open(I, '-|', 'xz', '-dc', $tar_file)
+			or die "Unable to xz -dc $tar_file: $!\n";
 	} elsif ($tar_name =~ s/\.tar$//) {
 		open(I, $tar_file) or die "Unable to open $tar_file: $!\n";
 	} else {
 		die "Unrecognized compression format: $tar_file\n";
 	}
 
-	my $commit_time = 0;
+	my $author_time = 0;
 	my $next_mark = 1;
 	my $have_top_dir = 1;
 	my ($top_dir, %files);
@@ -77,10 +96,16 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 		$mtime = oct $mtime;
 		next if $typeflag == 5; # directory
 
-		print FI "blob\n", "mark :$next_mark\n", "data $size\n";
-		while ($size > 0 && read(I, $_, 512) == 512) {
-			print FI substr($_, 0, $size);
-			$size -= 512;
+		print FI "blob\n", "mark :$next_mark\n";
+		if ($typeflag == 2) { # symbolic link
+			print FI "data ", length($linkname), "\n", $linkname;
+			$mode = 0120000;
+		} else {
+			print FI "data $size\n";
+			while ($size > 0 && read(I, $_, 512) == 512) {
+				print FI substr($_, 0, $size);
+				$size -= 512;
+			}
 		}
 		print FI "\n";
 
@@ -92,17 +117,49 @@ foreach my $tar_file (@ARGV)
 		}
 		$files{$path} = [$next_mark++, $mode];
 
-		$commit_time = $mtime if $mtime > $commit_time;
+		$author_time = $mtime if $mtime > $author_time;
 		$path =~ m,^([^/]+)/,;
 		$top_dir = $1 unless $top_dir;
 		$have_top_dir = 0 if $top_dir ne $1;
 	}
 
+	my $commit_msg = "Imported from $tar_file.";
+	my $this_committer_name = $committer_name;
+	my $this_committer_email = $committer_email;
+	my $this_author_name = $author_name;
+	my $this_author_email = $author_email;
+	if ($metaext ne '') {
+		# Optionally read a commit message from <filename.tar>.msg
+		# Add a line on the form "Committer: name <e-mail>" to override
+		# the committer and "Author: name <e-mail>" to override the
+		# author for this tar ball.
+		if (open MSG, '<', "${tar_file}.${metaext}") {
+			my $header_done = 0;
+			$commit_msg = '';
+			while (<MSG>) {
+				if (!$header_done && /^Committer:\s+([^<>]*)\s+<(.*)>\s*$/i) {
+					$this_committer_name = $1;
+					$this_committer_email = $2;
+				} elsif (!$header_done && /^Author:\s+([^<>]*)\s+<(.*)>\s*$/i) {
+					$this_author_name = $1;
+					$this_author_email = $2;
+				} elsif (!$header_done && /^$/) { # empty line ends header.
+					$header_done = 1;
+				} else {
+					$commit_msg .= $_;
+					$header_done = 1;
+				}
+			}
+			close MSG;
+		}
+	}
+
 	print FI <<EOF;
 commit $branch_ref
-committer $committer_name <$committer_email> $commit_time +0000
+author $this_author_name <$this_author_email> $author_time +0000
+committer $this_committer_name <$this_committer_email> $commit_time +0000
 data <<END_OF_COMMIT_MESSAGE
-Imported from $tar_file.
+$commit_msg
 END_OF_COMMIT_MESSAGE
 
 deleteall
@@ -112,14 +169,15 @@ EOF
 	{
 		my ($mark, $mode) = @{$files{$path}};
 		$path =~ s,^([^/]+)/,, if $have_top_dir;
-		printf FI "M %o :%i %s\n", $mode & 0111 ? 0755 : 0644, $mark, $path;
+		$mode = $mode & 0111 ? 0755 : 0644 unless $mode == 0120000;
+		printf FI "M %o :%i %s\n", $mode, $mark, $path;
 	}
 	print FI "\n";
 
 	print FI <<EOF;
 tag $tar_name
 from $branch_ref
-tagger $committer_name <$committer_email> $commit_time +0000
+tagger $author_name <$author_email> $author_time +0000
 data <<END_OF_TAG_MESSAGE
 Package $tar_name
 END_OF_TAG_MESSAGE
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
index c674fa2d1..7051a83a5 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ for zipfile in argv[1:]:
 			common_prefix = name[:name.rfind('/') + 1]
 		else:
 			while not name.startswith(common_prefix):
-				common_prefix = name[:name.rfind('/') + 1]
+				last_slash = common_prefix[:-1].rfind('/') + 1
+				common_prefix = common_prefix[:last_slash]
 
 		mark[name] = ':' + str(next_mark)
 		next_mark += 1
diff --git a/contrib/git-resurrect.sh b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c364dda69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+USAGE="[-a] [-r] [-m] [-t] [-n] [-b <newname>] <name>"
+LONG_USAGE="git-resurrect attempts to find traces of a branch tip
+called <name>, and tries to resurrect it.  Currently, the reflog is
+searched for checkout messages, and with -r also merge messages.  With
+-m and -t, the history of all refs is scanned for Merge <name> into
+other/Merge <other> into <name> (respectively) commit subjects, which
+is rather slow but allows you to resurrect other people's topic
+branches."
+
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git resurrect $USAGE
+--
+b,branch=            save branch as <newname> instead of <name>
+a,all                same as -l -r -m -t
+k,keep-going         full rev-list scan (instead of first match)
+l,reflog             scan reflog for checkouts (enabled by default)
+r,reflog-merges      scan for merges recorded in reflog
+m,merges             scan for merges into other branches (slow)
+t,merge-targets      scan for merges of other branches into <name>
+n,dry-run            don't recreate the branch"
+
+. git-sh-setup
+
+search_reflog () {
+        sed -ne 's~^\([^ ]*\) .*\tcheckout: moving from '"$1"' .*~\1~p' \
+                < "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
+}
+
+search_reflog_merges () {
+	git rev-parse $(
+		sed -ne 's~^[^ ]* \([^ ]*\) .*\tmerge '"$1"':.*~\1^2~p' \
+			< "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
+	)
+}
+
+_x40="[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]"
+_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
+
+search_merges () {
+        git rev-list --all --grep="Merge branch '$1'" \
+                --pretty=tformat:"%P %s" |
+        sed -ne "/^$_x40 \($_x40\) Merge .*/ {s//\1/p;$early_exit}"
+}
+
+search_merge_targets () {
+	git rev-list --all --grep="Merge branch '[^']*' into $branch\$" \
+		--pretty=tformat:"%H %s" --all |
+	sed -ne "/^\($_x40\) Merge .*/ {s//\1/p;$early_exit} "
+}
+
+dry_run=
+early_exit=q
+scan_reflog=t
+scan_reflog_merges=
+scan_merges=
+scan_merge_targets=
+new_name=
+
+while test "$#" != 0; do
+	case "$1" in
+	    -b|--branch)
+		shift
+		new_name="$1"
+		;;
+	    -n|--dry-run)
+		dry_run=t
+		;;
+	    --no-dry-run)
+		dry_run=
+		;;
+	    -k|--keep-going)
+		early_exit=
+		;;
+	    --no-keep-going)
+		early_exit=q
+		;;
+	    -m|--merges)
+		scan_merges=t
+		;;
+	    --no-merges)
+		scan_merges=
+		;;
+	    -l|--reflog)
+		scan_reflog=t
+		;;
+	    --no-reflog)
+		scan_reflog=
+		;;
+	    -r|--reflog_merges)
+		scan_reflog_merges=t
+		;;
+	    --no-reflog_merges)
+		scan_reflog_merges=
+		;;
+	    -t|--merge-targets)
+		scan_merge_targets=t
+		;;
+	    --no-merge-targets)
+		scan_merge_targets=
+		;;
+	    -a|--all)
+		scan_reflog=t
+		scan_reflog_merges=t
+		scan_merges=t
+		scan_merge_targets=t
+		;;
+	    --)
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	    *)
+		usage
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+test "$#" = 1 || usage
+
+all_strategies="$scan_reflog$scan_reflog_merges$scan_merges$scan_merge_targets"
+if test -z "$all_strategies"; then
+	die "must enable at least one of -lrmt"
+fi
+
+branch="$1"
+test -z "$new_name" && new_name="$branch"
+
+if test ! -z "$scan_reflog"; then
+	if test -r "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD; then
+		candidates="$(search_reflog $branch)"
+	else
+		die 'reflog scanning requested, but' \
+			'$GIT_DIR/logs/HEAD not readable'
+	fi
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_reflog_merges"; then
+	if test -r "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD; then
+		candidates="$candidates $(search_reflog_merges $branch)"
+	else
+		die 'reflog scanning requested, but' \
+			'$GIT_DIR/logs/HEAD not readable'
+	fi
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_merges"; then
+	candidates="$candidates $(search_merges $branch)"
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_merge_targets"; then
+	candidates="$candidates $(search_merge_targets $branch)"
+fi
+
+candidates="$(git rev-parse $candidates | sort -u)"
+
+if test -z "$candidates"; then
+	hint=
+	test "z$all_strategies" != "ztttt" \
+		&& hint=" (maybe try again with -a)"
+	die "no candidates for $branch found$hint"
+fi
+
+echo "** Candidates for $branch **"
+for cmt in $candidates; do
+	git --no-pager log --pretty=tformat:"%ct:%h [%cr] %s" --abbrev-commit -1 $cmt
+done \
+| sort -n | cut -d: -f2-
+
+newest="$(git rev-list -1 $candidates)"
+if test ! -z "$dry_run"; then
+	printf "** Most recent: "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+elif ! git rev-parse --verify --quiet $new_name >/dev/null; then
+	printf "** Restoring $new_name to "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+	git branch $new_name $newest
+else
+	printf "Most recent: "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+	echo "** $new_name already exists, doing nothing"
+fi
diff --git a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
index 7b03204ed..2a6839d81 100755
--- a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
+++ b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 """
 
 import os, os.path, sys
-import tempfile, popen2, pickle, getopt
+import tempfile, pickle, getopt
 import re
 
 # Maps hg version -> git version
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
index 28a3c0e46..58a35c828 100644..100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
+++ b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@
 #   --pretty %s", displaying the commit id, author, date and log
 #   message.  To list full patches separated by a blank line, you
 #   could set this to "git show -C %s; echo".
+#   To list a gitweb/cgit URL *and* a full patch for each change set, use this:
+#     "t=%s; printf 'http://.../?id=%%s' \$t; echo;echo; git show -C \$t; echo"
+#   Be careful if "..." contains things that will be expanded by shell "eval"
+#   or printf.
 #
 # Notes
 # -----
@@ -311,8 +315,8 @@ generate_update_branch_email()
 	# "remotes/" will be ignored as well.
 
 	# List all of the revisions that were removed by this update, in a
-	# fast forward update, this list will be empty, because rev-list O
-	# ^N is empty.  For a non fast forward, O ^N is the list of removed
+	# fast-forward update, this list will be empty, because rev-list O
+	# ^N is empty.  For a non-fast-forward, O ^N is the list of removed
 	# revisions
 	fast_forward=""
 	rev=""
@@ -407,7 +411,7 @@ generate_update_branch_email()
 	# revision because the base is effectively a random revision at this
 	# point - the user will be interested in what this revision changed
 	# - including the undoing of previous revisions in the case of
-	# non-fast forward updates.
+	# non-fast-forward updates.
 	echo ""
 	echo "Summary of changes:"
 	git diff-tree --stat --summary --find-copies-harder $oldrev..$newrev
@@ -615,7 +619,9 @@ show_new_revisions()
 		revspec=$oldrev..$newrev
 	fi
 
-	git rev-parse --not --branches | grep -v $(git rev-parse $refname) |
+	other_branches=$(git for-each-ref --format='%(refname)' refs/heads/ |
+	    grep -F -v $refname)
+	git rev-parse --not $other_branches |
 	if [ -z "$custom_showrev" ]
 	then
 		git rev-list --pretty --stdin $revspec
diff --git a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/README b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/README
index 39f96aa11..000147bbe 100644
--- a/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/README
+++ b/contrib/thunderbird-patch-inline/README
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 appp.sh is a script that is supposed to be used together with ExternalEditor
-for Mozilla Thundebird. It will let you include patches inline in e-mails
+for Mozilla Thunderbird. It will let you include patches inline in e-mails
 in an easy way.
 
 Usage:
 - Generate the patch with git format-patch.
 - Start writing a new e-mail in Thunderbird.
 - Press the external editor button (or Ctrl-E) to run appp.sh
-- Select the previosly generated patch file.
+- Select the previously generated patch file.
 - Finish editing the e-mail.
 
 Any text that is entered into the message editor before appp.sh is called
diff --git a/contrib/vim/README b/contrib/vim/README
index c487346eb..fca1e1725 100644
--- a/contrib/vim/README
+++ b/contrib/vim/README
@@ -5,11 +5,13 @@ automatically.
 If you have an older version of vim, you can get the latest syntax
 files from the vim project:
 
-  http://vim.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/vim/trunk/runtime/syntax/git.vim
-  http://vim.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/vim/trunk/runtime/syntax/gitcommit.vim
-  http://vim.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/vim/trunk/runtime/syntax/gitconfig.vim
-  http://vim.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/vim/trunk/runtime/syntax/gitrebase.vim
-  http://vim.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/vim/trunk/runtime/syntax/gitsendemail.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/git.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitcommit.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitconfig.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitrebase.vim
+  http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/syntax/gitsendemail.vim
+
+These files are also available via FTP at the same location.
 
 To install:
 
diff --git a/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir b/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir
index 7959eab90..993cacf32 100755
--- a/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir
+++ b/contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ branch=$3
 # want to make sure that what is pointed to has a .git directory ...
 git_dir=$(cd "$orig_git" 2>/dev/null &&
   git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null) ||
-  die "\"$orig_git\" is not a git repository!"
+  die "Not a git repository: \"$orig_git\""
 
 case "$git_dir" in
 .git)
diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index 1816e977b..491e7141b 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ static int filter_buffer(int fd, void *data)
 
 	status = finish_command(&child_process);
 	if (status)
-		error("external filter %s failed %d", params->cmd, -status);
+		error("external filter %s failed %d", params->cmd, status);
 	return (write_err || status);
 }
 
diff --git a/copy.c b/copy.c
index e54d15ace..a7f58fd90 100644
--- a/copy.c
+++ b/copy.c
@@ -35,6 +35,19 @@ int copy_fd(int ifd, int ofd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int copy_times(const char *dst, const char *src)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct utimbuf times;
+	if (stat(src, &st) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	times.actime = st.st_atime;
+	times.modtime = st.st_mtime;
+	if (utime(dst, &times) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode)
 {
 	int fdi, fdo, status;
@@ -55,3 +68,11 @@ int copy_file(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode)
 
 	return status;
 }
+
+int copy_file_with_time(const char *dst, const char *src, int mode)
+{
+	int status = copy_file(dst, src, mode);
+	if (!status)
+		return copy_times(dst, src);
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/csum-file.c b/csum-file.c
index 2ddb12a0b..4d50cc5ce 100644
--- a/csum-file.c
+++ b/csum-file.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static void flush(struct sha1file *f, void * buf, unsigned int count)
 		}
 		if (!ret)
 			die("sha1 file '%s' write error. Out of diskspace", f->name);
-		die("sha1 file '%s' write error (%s)", f->name, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("sha1 file '%s' write error", f->name);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -55,8 +55,7 @@ int sha1close(struct sha1file *f, unsigned char *result, unsigned int flags)
 		if (flags & CSUM_FSYNC)
 			fsync_or_die(f->fd, f->name);
 		if (close(f->fd))
-			die("%s: sha1 file error on close (%s)",
-			    f->name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("%s: sha1 file error on close", f->name);
 		fd = 0;
 	} else
 		fd = f->fd;
diff --git a/ctype.c b/ctype.c
index 9208d674d..7ee64c7d7 100644
--- a/ctype.c
+++ b/ctype.c
@@ -5,25 +5,22 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 
-/* Just so that no insane platform contaminate namespace with these symbols */
-#undef SS
-#undef AA
-#undef DD
-#undef GS
-
-#define SS GIT_SPACE
-#define AA GIT_ALPHA
-#define DD GIT_DIGIT
-#define GS GIT_SPECIAL  /* \0, *, ?, [, \\ */
+enum {
+	S = GIT_SPACE,
+	A = GIT_ALPHA,
+	D = GIT_DIGIT,
+	G = GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL,	/* *, ?, [, \\ */
+	R = GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL,	/* $, (, ), +, ., ^, {, | */
+};
 
 unsigned char sane_ctype[256] = {
-	GS,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, SS, SS,  0,  0, SS,  0,  0,		/* 0-15 */
-	 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 16-15 */
-	SS,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, GS,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 32-15 */
-	DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD, DD,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, GS,		/* 48-15 */
-	 0, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA,		/* 64-15 */
-	AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, GS, GS,  0,  0,  0,		/* 80-15 */
-	 0, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA,		/* 96-15 */
-	AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA, AA,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,		/* 112-15 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, S, S, 0, 0, S, 0, 0,		/*   0.. 15 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,		/*  16.. 31 */
+	S, 0, 0, 0, R, 0, 0, 0, R, R, G, R, 0, 0, R, 0,		/*  32.. 47 */
+	D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, G,		/*  48.. 63 */
+	0, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  64.. 79 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, G, G, 0, R, 0,		/*  80.. 95 */
+	0, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  96..111 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, R, R, 0, 0, 0,		/* 112..127 */
 	/* Nothing in the 128.. range */
 };
diff --git a/daemon.c b/daemon.c
index 1cef3098d..5783e2401 100644
--- a/daemon.c
+++ b/daemon.c
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 #include <syslog.h>
 
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ static void logreport(int priority, const char *err, va_list params)
 	}
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void logerror(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
@@ -83,6 +86,7 @@ static void logerror(const char *err, ...)
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void loginfo(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
@@ -99,64 +103,16 @@ static void NORETURN daemon_die(const char *err, va_list params)
 	exit(1);
 }
 
-static int avoid_alias(char *p)
-{
-	int sl, ndot;
-
-	/*
-	 * This resurrects the belts and suspenders paranoia check by HPA
-	 * done in <435560F7.4080006@zytor.com> thread, now enter_repo()
-	 * does not do getcwd() based path canonicalizations.
-	 *
-	 * sl becomes true immediately after seeing '/' and continues to
-	 * be true as long as dots continue after that without intervening
-	 * non-dot character.
-	 */
-	if (!p || (*p != '/' && *p != '~'))
-		return -1;
-	sl = 1; ndot = 0;
-	p++;
-
-	while (1) {
-		char ch = *p++;
-		if (sl) {
-			if (ch == '.')
-				ndot++;
-			else if (ch == '/') {
-				if (ndot < 3)
-					/* reject //, /./ and /../ */
-					return -1;
-				ndot = 0;
-			}
-			else if (ch == 0) {
-				if (0 < ndot && ndot < 3)
-					/* reject /.$ and /..$ */
-					return -1;
-				return 0;
-			}
-			else
-				sl = ndot = 0;
-		}
-		else if (ch == 0)
-			return 0;
-		else if (ch == '/') {
-			sl = 1;
-			ndot = 0;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 static char *path_ok(char *directory)
 {
 	static char rpath[PATH_MAX];
 	static char interp_path[PATH_MAX];
-	int retried_path = 0;
 	char *path;
 	char *dir;
 
 	dir = directory;
 
-	if (avoid_alias(dir)) {
+	if (daemon_avoid_alias(dir)) {
 		logerror("'%s': aliased", dir);
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -219,25 +175,18 @@ static char *path_ok(char *directory)
 		dir = rpath;
 	}
 
-	do {
-		path = enter_repo(dir, strict_paths);
-		if (path)
-			break;
-
+	path = enter_repo(dir, strict_paths);
+	if (!path && base_path && base_path_relaxed) {
 		/*
 		 * if we fail and base_path_relaxed is enabled, try without
 		 * prefixing the base path
 		 */
-		if (base_path && base_path_relaxed && !retried_path) {
-			dir = directory;
-			retried_path = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		break;
-	} while (1);
+		dir = directory;
+		path = enter_repo(dir, strict_paths);
+	}
 
 	if (!path) {
-		logerror("'%s': unable to chdir or not a git archive", dir);
+		logerror("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -351,28 +300,66 @@ static int run_service(char *dir, struct daemon_service *service)
 	return service->fn();
 }
 
+static void copy_to_log(int fd)
+{
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	fp = fdopen(fd, "r");
+	if (fp == NULL) {
+		logerror("fdopen of error channel failed");
+		close(fd);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+		logerror("%s", line.buf);
+		strbuf_setlen(&line, 0);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+	fclose(fp);
+}
+
+static int run_service_command(const char **argv)
+{
+	struct child_process cld;
+
+	memset(&cld, 0, sizeof(cld));
+	cld.argv = argv;
+	cld.git_cmd = 1;
+	cld.err = -1;
+	if (start_command(&cld))
+		return -1;
+
+	close(0);
+	close(1);
+
+	copy_to_log(cld.err);
+
+	return finish_command(&cld);
+}
+
 static int upload_pack(void)
 {
 	/* Timeout as string */
 	char timeout_buf[64];
+	const char *argv[] = { "upload-pack", "--strict", timeout_buf, ".", NULL };
 
 	snprintf(timeout_buf, sizeof timeout_buf, "--timeout=%u", timeout);
-
-	/* git-upload-pack only ever reads stuff, so this is safe */
-	execl_git_cmd("upload-pack", "--strict", timeout_buf, ".", NULL);
-	return -1;
+	return run_service_command(argv);
 }
 
 static int upload_archive(void)
 {
-	execl_git_cmd("upload-archive", ".", NULL);
-	return -1;
+	static const char *argv[] = { "upload-archive", ".", NULL };
+	return run_service_command(argv);
 }
 
 static int receive_pack(void)
 {
-	execl_git_cmd("receive-pack", ".", NULL);
-	return -1;
+	static const char *argv[] = { "receive-pack", ".", NULL };
+	return run_service_command(argv);
 }
 
 static struct daemon_service daemon_service[] = {
@@ -405,17 +392,24 @@ static void make_service_overridable(const char *name, int ena)
 	die("No such service %s", name);
 }
 
+static char *xstrdup_tolower(const char *str)
+{
+	char *p, *dup = xstrdup(str);
+	for (p = dup; *p; p++)
+		*p = tolower(*p);
+	return dup;
+}
+
 /*
- * Separate the "extra args" information as supplied by the client connection.
+ * Read the host as supplied by the client connection.
  */
-static void parse_extra_args(char *extra_args, int buflen)
+static void parse_host_arg(char *extra_args, int buflen)
 {
 	char *val;
 	int vallen;
 	char *end = extra_args + buflen;
-	char *hp;
 
-	while (extra_args < end && *extra_args) {
+	if (extra_args < end && *extra_args) {
 		saw_extended_args = 1;
 		if (strncasecmp("host=", extra_args, 5) == 0) {
 			val = extra_args + 5;
@@ -431,54 +425,45 @@ static void parse_extra_args(char *extra_args, int buflen)
 					tcp_port = xstrdup(port);
 				}
 				free(hostname);
-				hostname = xstrdup(host);
+				hostname = xstrdup_tolower(host);
 			}
 
 			/* On to the next one */
 			extra_args = val + vallen;
 		}
+		if (extra_args < end && *extra_args)
+			die("Invalid request");
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Replace literal host with lowercase-ized hostname.
-	 */
-	hp = hostname;
-	if (!hp)
-		return;
-	for ( ; *hp; hp++)
-		*hp = tolower(*hp);
-
-	/*
 	 * Locate canonical hostname and its IP address.
 	 */
+	if (hostname) {
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
-	{
 		struct addrinfo hints;
-		struct addrinfo *ai, *ai0;
+		struct addrinfo *ai;
 		int gai;
 		static char addrbuf[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1];
 
 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
 
-		gai = getaddrinfo(hostname, 0, &hints, &ai0);
+		gai = getaddrinfo(hostname, NULL, &hints, &ai);
 		if (!gai) {
-			for (ai = ai0; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
-				struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *)ai->ai_addr;
-
-				inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sin_addr->sin_addr,
-					  addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
-				free(canon_hostname);
-				canon_hostname = xstrdup(ai->ai_canonname);
-				free(ip_address);
-				ip_address = xstrdup(addrbuf);
-				break;
-			}
-			freeaddrinfo(ai0);
+			struct sockaddr_in *sin_addr = (void *)ai->ai_addr;
+
+			inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sin_addr->sin_addr,
+				  addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf));
+			free(ip_address);
+			ip_address = xstrdup(addrbuf);
+
+			free(canon_hostname);
+			canon_hostname = xstrdup(ai->ai_canonname ?
+						 ai->ai_canonname : ip_address);
+
+			freeaddrinfo(ai);
 		}
-	}
 #else
-	{
 		struct hostent *hent;
 		struct sockaddr_in sa;
 		char **ap;
@@ -499,8 +484,8 @@ static void parse_extra_args(char *extra_args, int buflen)
 		canon_hostname = xstrdup(hent->h_name);
 		free(ip_address);
 		ip_address = xstrdup(addrbuf);
-	}
 #endif
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -557,7 +542,7 @@ static int execute(struct sockaddr *addr)
 	hostname = canon_hostname = ip_address = tcp_port = NULL;
 
 	if (len != pktlen)
-		parse_extra_args(line + len + 1, pktlen - len - 1);
+		parse_host_arg(line + len + 1, pktlen - len - 1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(daemon_service); i++) {
 		struct daemon_service *s = &(daemon_service[i]);
@@ -728,7 +713,7 @@ static int socksetup(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, int **socklist_p)
 
 	gai = getaddrinfo(listen_addr, pbuf, &hints, &ai0);
 	if (gai)
-		die("getaddrinfo() failed: %s\n", gai_strerror(gai));
+		die("getaddrinfo() failed: %s", gai_strerror(gai));
 
 	for (ai = ai0; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
 		int sockfd;
@@ -872,7 +857,7 @@ static int service_loop(int socknum, int *socklist)
 					case ECONNABORTED:
 						continue;
 					default:
-						die("accept returned %s", strerror(errno));
+						die_errno("accept returned");
 					}
 				}
 				handle(incoming, (struct sockaddr *)&ss, sslen);
@@ -888,7 +873,7 @@ static void sanitize_stdfds(void)
 	while (fd != -1 && fd < 2)
 		fd = dup(fd);
 	if (fd == -1)
-		die("open /dev/null or dup failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("open /dev/null or dup failed");
 	if (fd > 2)
 		close(fd);
 }
@@ -899,12 +884,12 @@ static void daemonize(void)
 		case 0:
 			break;
 		case -1:
-			die("fork failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("fork failed");
 		default:
 			exit(0);
 	}
 	if (setsid() == -1)
-		die("setsid failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("setsid failed");
 	close(0);
 	close(1);
 	close(2);
@@ -915,9 +900,9 @@ static void store_pid(const char *path)
 {
 	FILE *f = fopen(path, "w");
 	if (!f)
-		die("cannot open pid file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot open pid file '%s'", path);
 	if (fprintf(f, "%"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) getpid()) < 0 || fclose(f) != 0)
-		die("failed to write pid file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("failed to write pid file '%s'", path);
 }
 
 static int serve(char *listen_addr, int listen_port, struct passwd *pass, gid_t gid)
@@ -949,16 +934,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	gid_t gid = 0;
 	int i;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		char *arg = argv[i];
 
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--listen=")) {
-		    char *p = arg + 9;
-		    char *ph = listen_addr = xmalloc(strlen(arg + 9) + 1);
-		    while (*p)
-			*ph++ = tolower(*p++);
-		    *ph = 0;
-		    continue;
+			listen_addr = xstrdup_tolower(arg + 9);
+			continue;
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--port=")) {
 			char *end;
@@ -1118,7 +1101,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		struct sockaddr *peer = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
 		socklen_t slen = sizeof(ss);
 
-		freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr);
+		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
+			die_errno("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null");
 
 		if (getpeername(0, peer, &slen))
 			peer = NULL;
diff --git a/date.c b/date.c
index 950b88fdc..5d05ef61c 100644
--- a/date.c
+++ b/date.c
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ time_t tm_to_time_t(const struct tm *tm)
 		return -1;
 	if (month < 2 || (year + 2) % 4)
 		day--;
+	if (tm->tm_hour < 0 || tm->tm_min < 0 || tm->tm_sec < 0)
+		return -1;
 	return (year * 365 + (year + 1) / 4 + mdays[month] + day) * 24*60*60UL +
 		tm->tm_hour * 60*60 + tm->tm_min * 60 + tm->tm_sec;
 }
@@ -84,51 +86,82 @@ static int local_tzoffset(unsigned long time)
 	return offset * eastwest;
 }
 
+const char *show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz,
+			       const struct timeval *now,
+			       char *timebuf,
+			       size_t timebuf_size)
+{
+	unsigned long diff;
+	if (now->tv_sec < time)
+		return "in the future";
+	diff = now->tv_sec - time;
+	if (diff < 90) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu seconds ago", diff);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+	/* Turn it into minutes */
+	diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
+	if (diff < 90) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu minutes ago", diff);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+	/* Turn it into hours */
+	diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
+	if (diff < 36) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu hours ago", diff);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+	/* We deal with number of days from here on */
+	diff = (diff + 12) / 24;
+	if (diff < 14) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu days ago", diff);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+	/* Say weeks for the past 10 weeks or so */
+	if (diff < 70) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu weeks ago", (diff + 3) / 7);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+	/* Say months for the past 12 months or so */
+	if (diff < 365) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu months ago", (diff + 15) / 30);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+	/* Give years and months for 5 years or so */
+	if (diff < 1825) {
+		unsigned long years = diff / 365;
+		unsigned long months = (diff % 365 + 15) / 30;
+		int n;
+		n = snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu year%s",
+				years, (years > 1 ? "s" : ""));
+		if (months)
+			snprintf(timebuf + n, timebuf_size - n,
+					", %lu month%s ago",
+					months, (months > 1 ? "s" : ""));
+		else
+			snprintf(timebuf + n, timebuf_size - n, " ago");
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+	/* Otherwise, just years. Centuries is probably overkill. */
+	snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu years ago", (diff + 183) / 365);
+	return timebuf;
+}
+
 const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
 {
 	struct tm *tm;
 	static char timebuf[200];
 
+	if (mode == DATE_RAW) {
+		snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu %+05d", time, tz);
+		return timebuf;
+	}
+
 	if (mode == DATE_RELATIVE) {
-		unsigned long diff;
 		struct timeval now;
 		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-		if (now.tv_sec < time)
-			return "in the future";
-		diff = now.tv_sec - time;
-		if (diff < 90) {
-			snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu seconds ago", diff);
-			return timebuf;
-		}
-		/* Turn it into minutes */
-		diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
-		if (diff < 90) {
-			snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu minutes ago", diff);
-			return timebuf;
-		}
-		/* Turn it into hours */
-		diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
-		if (diff < 36) {
-			snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu hours ago", diff);
-			return timebuf;
-		}
-		/* We deal with number of days from here on */
-		diff = (diff + 12) / 24;
-		if (diff < 14) {
-			snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu days ago", diff);
-			return timebuf;
-		}
-		/* Say weeks for the past 10 weeks or so */
-		if (diff < 70) {
-			snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu weeks ago", (diff + 3) / 7);
-			return timebuf;
-		}
-		/* Say months for the past 12 months or so */
-		if (diff < 360) {
-			snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu months ago", (diff + 15) / 30);
-			return timebuf;
-		}
-		/* Else fall back on absolute format.. */
+		return show_date_relative(time, tz, &now,
+					  timebuf, sizeof(timebuf));
 	}
 
 	if (mode == DATE_LOCAL)
@@ -402,13 +435,19 @@ static int match_multi_number(unsigned long num, char c, const char *date, char
 	return end - date;
 }
 
-/* Have we filled in any part of the time/date yet? */
+/*
+ * Have we filled in any part of the time/date yet?
+ * We just do a binary 'and' to see if the sign bit
+ * is set in all the values.
+ */
 static inline int nodate(struct tm *tm)
 {
-	return tm->tm_year < 0 &&
-		tm->tm_mon < 0 &&
-		tm->tm_mday < 0 &&
-		!(tm->tm_hour | tm->tm_min | tm->tm_sec);
+	return (tm->tm_year &
+		tm->tm_mon &
+		tm->tm_mday &
+		tm->tm_hour &
+		tm->tm_min &
+		tm->tm_sec) < 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -502,11 +541,8 @@ static int match_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *offset, int *tm_gmt
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (num > 0 && num < 32) {
-		tm->tm_mday = num;
-	} else if (num > 0 && num < 13) {
+	if (num > 0 && num < 13 && tm->tm_mon < 0)
 		tm->tm_mon = num-1;
-	}
 
 	return n;
 }
@@ -560,6 +596,9 @@ int parse_date(const char *date, char *result, int maxlen)
 	tm.tm_mon = -1;
 	tm.tm_mday = -1;
 	tm.tm_isdst = -1;
+	tm.tm_hour = -1;
+	tm.tm_min = -1;
+	tm.tm_sec = -1;
 	offset = -1;
 	tm_gmt = 0;
 
@@ -615,6 +654,8 @@ enum date_mode parse_date_format(const char *format)
 		return DATE_LOCAL;
 	else if (!strcmp(format, "default"))
 		return DATE_NORMAL;
+	else if (!strcmp(format, "raw"))
+		return DATE_RAW;
 	else
 		die("unknown date format %s", format);
 }
@@ -632,42 +673,59 @@ void datestamp(char *buf, int bufsize)
 	date_string(now, offset, buf, bufsize);
 }
 
-static void update_tm(struct tm *tm, unsigned long sec)
+/*
+ * Relative time update (eg "2 days ago").  If we haven't set the time
+ * yet, we need to set it from current time.
+ */
+static unsigned long update_tm(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, unsigned long sec)
 {
-	time_t n = mktime(tm) - sec;
+	time_t n;
+
+	if (tm->tm_mday < 0)
+		tm->tm_mday = now->tm_mday;
+	if (tm->tm_mon < 0)
+		tm->tm_mon = now->tm_mon;
+	if (tm->tm_year < 0) {
+		tm->tm_year = now->tm_year;
+		if (tm->tm_mon > now->tm_mon)
+			tm->tm_year--;
+	}
+
+	n = mktime(tm) - sec;
 	localtime_r(&n, tm);
+	return n;
 }
 
-static void date_yesterday(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static void date_yesterday(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
-	update_tm(tm, 24*60*60);
+	update_tm(tm, now, 24*60*60);
 }
 
-static void date_time(struct tm *tm, int hour)
+static void date_time(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int hour)
 {
 	if (tm->tm_hour < hour)
-		date_yesterday(tm, NULL);
+		date_yesterday(tm, now, NULL);
 	tm->tm_hour = hour;
 	tm->tm_min = 0;
 	tm->tm_sec = 0;
 }
 
-static void date_midnight(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static void date_midnight(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
-	date_time(tm, 0);
+	date_time(tm, now, 0);
 }
 
-static void date_noon(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static void date_noon(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
-	date_time(tm, 12);
+	date_time(tm, now, 12);
 }
 
-static void date_tea(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static void date_tea(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
-	date_time(tm, 17);
+	date_time(tm, now, 17);
 }
 
-static void date_pm(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static void date_pm(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
 	int hour, n = *num;
 	*num = 0;
@@ -681,7 +739,7 @@ static void date_pm(struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	tm->tm_hour = (hour % 12) + 12;
 }
 
-static void date_am(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static void date_am(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
 	int hour, n = *num;
 	*num = 0;
@@ -695,7 +753,7 @@ static void date_am(struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	tm->tm_hour = (hour % 12);
 }
 
-static void date_never(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static void date_never(struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
 	time_t n = 0;
 	localtime_r(&n, tm);
@@ -703,7 +761,7 @@ static void date_never(struct tm *tm, int *num)
 
 static const struct special {
 	const char *name;
-	void (*fn)(struct tm *, int *);
+	void (*fn)(struct tm *, struct tm *, int *);
 } special[] = {
 	{ "yesterday", date_yesterday },
 	{ "noon", date_noon },
@@ -732,7 +790,7 @@ static const struct typelen {
 	{ NULL }
 };
 
-static const char *approxidate_alpha(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
+static const char *approxidate_alpha(const char *date, struct tm *tm, struct tm *now, int *num)
 {
 	const struct typelen *tl;
 	const struct special *s;
@@ -753,7 +811,7 @@ static const char *approxidate_alpha(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	for (s = special; s->name; s++) {
 		int len = strlen(s->name);
 		if (match_string(date, s->name) == len) {
-			s->fn(tm, num);
+			s->fn(tm, now, num);
 			return end;
 		}
 	}
@@ -775,7 +833,7 @@ static const char *approxidate_alpha(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	while (tl->type) {
 		int len = strlen(tl->type);
 		if (match_string(date, tl->type) >= len-1) {
-			update_tm(tm, tl->length * *num);
+			update_tm(tm, now, tl->length * *num);
 			*num = 0;
 			return end;
 		}
@@ -793,13 +851,15 @@ static const char *approxidate_alpha(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
 				n++;
 			diff += 7*n;
 
-			update_tm(tm, diff * 24 * 60 * 60);
+			update_tm(tm, now, diff * 24 * 60 * 60);
 			return end;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (match_string(date, "months") >= 5) {
-		int n = tm->tm_mon - *num;
+		int n;
+		update_tm(tm, now, 0); /* fill in date fields if needed */
+		n = tm->tm_mon - *num;
 		*num = 0;
 		while (n < 0) {
 			n += 12;
@@ -810,6 +870,7 @@ static const char *approxidate_alpha(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	}
 
 	if (match_string(date, "years") >= 4) {
+		update_tm(tm, now, 0); /* fill in date fields if needed */
 		tm->tm_year -= *num;
 		*num = 0;
 		return end;
@@ -841,34 +902,82 @@ static const char *approxidate_digit(const char *date, struct tm *tm, int *num)
 	return end;
 }
 
-unsigned long approxidate(const char *date)
+/*
+ * Do we have a pending number at the end, or when
+ * we see a new one? Let's assume it's a month day,
+ * as in "Dec 6, 1992"
+ */
+static void pending_number(struct tm *tm, int *num)
+{
+	int number = *num;
+
+	if (number) {
+		*num = 0;
+		if (tm->tm_mday < 0 && number < 32)
+			tm->tm_mday = number;
+		else if (tm->tm_mon < 0 && number < 13)
+			tm->tm_mon = number-1;
+		else if (tm->tm_year < 0) {
+			if (number > 1969 && number < 2100)
+				tm->tm_year = number - 1900;
+			else if (number > 69 && number < 100)
+				tm->tm_year = number;
+			else if (number < 38)
+				tm->tm_year = 100 + number;
+			/* We screw up for number = 00 ? */
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static unsigned long approxidate_str(const char *date, const struct timeval *tv)
 {
 	int number = 0;
 	struct tm tm, now;
-	struct timeval tv;
-	char buffer[50];
+	time_t time_sec;
 
-	if (parse_date(date, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) > 0)
-		return strtoul(buffer, NULL, 10);
-
-	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
-	localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm);
+	time_sec = tv->tv_sec;
+	localtime_r(&time_sec, &tm);
 	now = tm;
+
+	tm.tm_year = -1;
+	tm.tm_mon = -1;
+	tm.tm_mday = -1;
+
 	for (;;) {
 		unsigned char c = *date;
 		if (!c)
 			break;
 		date++;
 		if (isdigit(c)) {
+			pending_number(&tm, &number);
 			date = approxidate_digit(date-1, &tm, &number);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (isalpha(c))
-			date = approxidate_alpha(date-1, &tm, &number);
+			date = approxidate_alpha(date-1, &tm, &now, &number);
 	}
-	if (number > 0 && number < 32)
-		tm.tm_mday = number;
-	if (tm.tm_mon > now.tm_mon && tm.tm_year == now.tm_year)
-		tm.tm_year--;
-	return mktime(&tm);
+	pending_number(&tm, &number);
+	return update_tm(&tm, &now, 0);
+}
+
+unsigned long approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *tv)
+{
+	char buffer[50];
+
+	if (parse_date(date, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) > 0)
+		return strtoul(buffer, NULL, 0);
+
+	return approxidate_str(date, tv);
+}
+
+unsigned long approxidate(const char *date)
+{
+	struct timeval tv;
+	char buffer[50];
+
+	if (parse_date(date, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) > 0)
+		return strtoul(buffer, NULL, 0);
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+	return approxidate_str(date, &tv);
 }
diff --git a/decorate.c b/decorate.c
index 82d9e221e..2f8a63e38 100644
--- a/decorate.c
+++ b/decorate.c
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@
 
 static unsigned int hash_obj(const struct object *obj, unsigned int n)
 {
-	unsigned int hash = *(unsigned int *)obj->sha1;
+	unsigned int hash;
+
+	memcpy(&hash, obj->sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
 	return hash % n;
 }
 
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ static void *insert_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *base,
 {
 	int size = n->size;
 	struct object_decoration *hash = n->hash;
-	int j = hash_obj(base, size);
+	unsigned int j = hash_obj(base, size);
 
 	while (hash[j].base) {
 		if (hash[j].base == base) {
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ void *add_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj,
 /* Lookup a decoration pointer */
 void *lookup_decoration(struct decoration *n, const struct object *obj)
 {
-	int j;
+	unsigned int j;
 
 	/* nothing to lookup */
 	if (!n->size)
diff --git a/delta.h b/delta.h
index 40ccf5a1e..b9d333dd5 100644
--- a/delta.h
+++ b/delta.h
@@ -90,12 +90,11 @@ static inline unsigned long get_delta_hdr_size(const unsigned char **datap,
 					       const unsigned char *top)
 {
 	const unsigned char *data = *datap;
-	unsigned char cmd;
-	unsigned long size = 0;
+	unsigned long cmd, size = 0;
 	int i = 0;
 	do {
 		cmd = *data++;
-		size |= (cmd & ~0x80) << i;
+		size |= (cmd & 0x7f) << i;
 		i += 7;
 	} while (cmd & 0x80 && data < top);
 	*datap = data;
diff --git a/diff-delta.c b/diff-delta.c
index a4e28df71..464ac3ffc 100644
--- a/diff-delta.c
+++ b/diff-delta.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * This code was greatly inspired by parts of LibXDiff from Davide Libenzi
  * http://www.xmailserver.org/xdiff-lib.html
  *
- * Rewritten for GIT by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>, (C) 2005-2007
+ * Rewritten for GIT by Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>, (C) 2005-2007
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
diff --git a/diff-lib.c b/diff-lib.c
index ae96c64ca..adf1c5fde 100644
--- a/diff-lib.c
+++ b/diff-lib.c
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static int check_removed(const struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 			return -1;
 		return 1;
 	}
-	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce_namelen(ce), ce->name))
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 		return 1;
 	if (S_ISDIR(st->st_mode)) {
 		unsigned char sub[20];
@@ -61,14 +61,12 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 	int silent_on_removed = option & DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED;
 	unsigned ce_option = ((option & DIFF_RACY_IS_MODIFIED)
 			      ? CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY : 0);
-	char symcache[PATH_MAX];
 
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "i/", "w/");
 
 	if (diff_unmerged_stage < 0)
 		diff_unmerged_stage = 2;
 	entries = active_nr;
-	symcache[0] = '\0';
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct stat st;
 		unsigned int oldmode, newmode;
@@ -164,7 +162,8 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
 		if (ce_uptodate(ce))
 			continue;
 
-		changed = check_removed(ce, &st);
+		/* If CE_VALID is set, don't look at workdir for file removal */
+		changed = (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID) ? 0 : check_removed(ce, &st);
 		if (changed) {
 			if (changed < 0) {
 				perror(ce->name);
@@ -198,11 +197,6 @@ int run_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, unsigned int option)
  * diff-index
  */
 
-struct oneway_unpack_data {
-	struct rev_info *revs;
-	char symcache[PATH_MAX];
-};
-
 /* A file entry went away or appeared */
 static void diff_index_show_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 				 const char *prefix,
@@ -216,13 +210,12 @@ static void diff_index_show_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 static int get_stat_data(struct cache_entry *ce,
 			 const unsigned char **sha1p,
 			 unsigned int *modep,
-			 int cached, int match_missing,
-			 struct oneway_unpack_data *cbdata)
+			 int cached, int match_missing)
 {
 	const unsigned char *sha1 = ce->sha1;
 	unsigned int mode = ce->ce_mode;
 
-	if (!cached) {
+	if (!cached && !ce_uptodate(ce)) {
 		int changed;
 		struct stat st;
 		changed = check_removed(ce, &st);
@@ -248,25 +241,24 @@ static int get_stat_data(struct cache_entry *ce,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void show_new_file(struct oneway_unpack_data *cbdata,
+static void show_new_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 			  struct cache_entry *new,
 			  int cached, int match_missing)
 {
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
 	unsigned int mode;
-	struct rev_info *revs = cbdata->revs;
 
 	/*
 	 * New file in the index: it might actually be different in
 	 * the working copy.
 	 */
-	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing, cbdata) < 0)
+	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing) < 0)
 		return;
 
 	diff_index_show_file(revs, "+", new, sha1, mode);
 }
 
-static int show_modified(struct oneway_unpack_data *cbdata,
+static int show_modified(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct cache_entry *old,
 			 struct cache_entry *new,
 			 int report_missing,
@@ -274,9 +266,8 @@ static int show_modified(struct oneway_unpack_data *cbdata,
 {
 	unsigned int mode, oldmode;
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
-	struct rev_info *revs = cbdata->revs;
 
-	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing, cbdata) < 0) {
+	if (get_stat_data(new, &sha1, &mode, cached, match_missing) < 0) {
 		if (report_missing)
 			diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", old,
 					     old->sha1, old->ce_mode);
@@ -319,22 +310,6 @@ static int show_modified(struct oneway_unpack_data *cbdata,
 }
 
 /*
- * This turns all merge entries into "stage 3". That guarantees that
- * when we read in the new tree (into "stage 1"), we won't lose sight
- * of the fact that we had unmerged entries.
- */
-static void mark_merge_entries(void)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (!ce_stage(ce))
-			continue;
-		ce->ce_flags |= CE_STAGEMASK;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
  * This gets a mix of an existing index and a tree, one pathname entry
  * at a time. The index entry may be a single stage-0 one, but it could
  * also be multiple unmerged entries (in which case idx_pos/idx_nr will
@@ -344,10 +319,11 @@ static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 	struct cache_entry *idx,
 	struct cache_entry *tree)
 {
-	struct oneway_unpack_data *cbdata = o->unpack_data;
-	struct rev_info *revs = cbdata->revs;
+	struct rev_info *revs = o->unpack_data;
 	int match_missing, cached;
 
+	/* if the entry is not checked out, don't examine work tree */
+	cached = o->index_only || (idx && (idx->ce_flags & CE_VALID));
 	/*
 	 * Backward compatibility wart - "diff-index -m" does
 	 * not mean "do not ignore merges", but "match_missing".
@@ -355,12 +331,11 @@ static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 	 * But with the revision flag parsing, that's found in
 	 * "!revs->ignore_merges".
 	 */
-	cached = o->index_only;
 	match_missing = !revs->ignore_merges;
 
 	if (cached && idx && ce_stage(idx)) {
-		if (tree)
-			diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, idx->name, idx->ce_mode, idx->sha1);
+		diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, idx->name, idx->ce_mode,
+			     idx->sha1);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -368,7 +343,7 @@ static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 	 * Something added to the tree?
 	 */
 	if (!tree) {
-		show_new_file(cbdata, idx, cached, match_missing);
+		show_new_file(revs, idx, cached, match_missing);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -381,7 +356,7 @@ static void do_oneway_diff(struct unpack_trees_options *o,
 	}
 
 	/* Show difference between old and new */
-	show_modified(cbdata, tree, idx, 1, cached, match_missing);
+	show_modified(revs, tree, idx, 1, cached, match_missing);
 }
 
 static inline void skip_same_name(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
@@ -408,7 +383,7 @@ static inline void skip_same_name(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_op
  * For diffing, the index is more important, and we only have a
  * single tree.
  *
- * We're supposed to return how many index entries we want to skip.
+ * We're supposed to advance o->pos to skip what we have already processed.
  *
  * This wrapper makes it all more readable, and takes care of all
  * the fairly complex unpack_trees() semantic requirements, including
@@ -418,8 +393,7 @@ static int oneway_diff(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *idx = src[0];
 	struct cache_entry *tree = src[1];
-	struct oneway_unpack_data *cbdata = o->unpack_data;
-	struct rev_info *revs = cbdata->revs;
+	struct rev_info *revs = o->unpack_data;
 
 	if (idx && ce_stage(idx))
 		skip_same_name(idx, o);
@@ -446,9 +420,6 @@ int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached)
 	const char *tree_name;
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 	struct tree_desc t;
-	struct oneway_unpack_data unpack_cb;
-
-	mark_merge_entries();
 
 	ent = revs->pending.objects[0].item;
 	tree_name = revs->pending.objects[0].name;
@@ -456,14 +427,14 @@ int run_diff_index(struct rev_info *revs, int cached)
 	if (!tree)
 		return error("bad tree object %s", tree_name);
 
-	unpack_cb.revs = revs;
-	unpack_cb.symcache[0] = '\0';
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = 1;
 	opts.index_only = cached;
+	opts.diff_index_cached = (cached &&
+				  !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER));
 	opts.merge = 1;
 	opts.fn = oneway_diff;
-	opts.unpack_data = &unpack_cb;
+	opts.unpack_data = revs;
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = NULL;
 
@@ -486,7 +457,6 @@ int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
 	struct cache_entry *last = NULL;
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 	struct tree_desc t;
-	struct oneway_unpack_data unpack_cb;
 
 	/*
 	 * This is used by git-blame to run diff-cache internally;
@@ -515,14 +485,13 @@ int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
 	if (!tree)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1));
 
-	unpack_cb.revs = &revs;
-	unpack_cb.symcache[0] = '\0';
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = 1;
 	opts.index_only = 1;
+	opts.diff_index_cached = !DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
 	opts.merge = 1;
 	opts.fn = oneway_diff;
-	opts.unpack_data = &unpack_cb;
+	opts.unpack_data = &revs;
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
@@ -531,3 +500,18 @@ int do_diff_cache(const unsigned char *tree_sha1, struct diff_options *opt)
 		exit(128);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int index_differs_from(const char *def, int diff_flags)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, def);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, QUIET);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+	rev.diffopt.flags |= diff_flags;
+	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
+	if (rev.pending.alloc)
+		free(rev.pending.objects);
+	return (DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, HAS_CHANGES) != 0);
+}
diff --git a/diff-no-index.c b/diff-no-index.c
index b60d3455d..aae8e7acc 100644
--- a/diff-no-index.c
+++ b/diff-no-index.c
@@ -38,9 +38,13 @@ static int get_mode(const char *path, int *mode)
 
 	if (!path || !strcmp(path, "/dev/null"))
 		*mode = 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	else if (!strcasecmp(path, "nul"))
+		*mode = 0;
+#endif
 	else if (!strcmp(path, "-"))
 		*mode = create_ce_mode(0666);
-	else if (stat(path, &st))
+	else if (lstat(path, &st))
 		return error("Could not access '%s'", path);
 	else
 		*mode = st.st_mode;
@@ -173,8 +177,10 @@ void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 	/* Were we asked to do --no-index explicitly? */
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
-			return;
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
+			i++;
+			break;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-index"))
 			no_index = 1;
 		if (argv[i][0] != '-')
@@ -195,25 +201,20 @@ void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 			return;
 	}
 	if (argc != i + 2)
-		die("git diff %s takes two paths",
-		    no_index ? "--no-index" : "[--no-index]");
-
-	/*
-	 * If the user asked for our exit code then don't start a
-	 * pager or we would end up reporting its exit code instead.
-	 */
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS))
-		setup_pager();
+		usagef("git diff %s <path> <path>",
+		       no_index ? "--no-index" : "[--no-index]");
 
 	diff_setup(&revs->diffopt);
-	if (!revs->diffopt.output_format)
-		revs->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc - 2; ) {
 		int j;
 		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--no-index"))
 			i++;
-		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-q"))
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-q")) {
 			options |= DIFF_SILENT_ON_REMOVED;
+			i++;
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--"))
+			i++;
 		else {
 			j = diff_opt_parse(&revs->diffopt, argv + i, argc - i);
 			if (!j)
@@ -222,10 +223,17 @@ void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 		}
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * If the user asked for our exit code then don't start a
+	 * pager or we would end up reporting its exit code instead.
+	 */
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS))
+		setup_pager();
+
 	if (prefix) {
 		int len = strlen(prefix);
 
-		revs->diffopt.paths = xcalloc(2, sizeof(char*));
+		revs->diffopt.paths = xcalloc(2, sizeof(char *));
 		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 			const char *p = argv[argc - 2 + i];
 			/*
@@ -241,6 +249,9 @@ void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 	else
 		revs->diffopt.paths = argv + argc - 2;
 	revs->diffopt.nr_paths = 2;
+	revs->diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = 1;
+	if (!revs->diffopt.output_format)
+		revs->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, NO_INDEX);
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index f644947c8..6da52e0c4 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
 
 #ifdef NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY
 #define FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY 0
@@ -23,19 +25,21 @@ static int diff_detect_rename_default;
 static int diff_rename_limit_default = 200;
 static int diff_suppress_blank_empty;
 int diff_use_color_default = -1;
+static const char *diff_word_regex_cfg;
 static const char *external_diff_cmd_cfg;
 int diff_auto_refresh_index = 1;
 static int diff_mnemonic_prefix;
 
 static char diff_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
-	"\033[m",	/* reset */
-	"",		/* PLAIN (normal) */
-	"\033[1m",	/* METAINFO (bold) */
-	"\033[36m",	/* FRAGINFO (cyan) */
-	"\033[31m",	/* OLD (red) */
-	"\033[32m",	/* NEW (green) */
-	"\033[33m",	/* COMMIT (yellow) */
-	"\033[41m",	/* WHITESPACE (red background) */
+	GIT_COLOR_RESET,
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* PLAIN */
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD,		/* METAINFO */
+	GIT_COLOR_CYAN,		/* FRAGINFO */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,		/* OLD */
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,	/* NEW */
+	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,	/* COMMIT */
+	GIT_COLOR_BG_RED,	/* WHITESPACE */
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,	/* FUNCINFO */
 };
 
 static void diff_filespec_load_driver(struct diff_filespec *one);
@@ -57,7 +61,18 @@ static int parse_diff_color_slot(const char *var, int ofs)
 		return DIFF_COMMIT;
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "whitespace"))
 		return DIFF_WHITESPACE;
-	die("bad config variable '%s'", var);
+	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "func"))
+		return DIFF_FUNCINFO;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int git_config_rename(const char *var, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+	if (!strcasecmp(value, "copies") || !strcasecmp(value, "copy"))
+		return  DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
+	return git_config_bool(var,value) ? DIFF_DETECT_RENAME : 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -73,13 +88,7 @@ int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.renames")) {
-		if (!value)
-			diff_detect_rename_default = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
-		else if (!strcasecmp(value, "copies") ||
-			 !strcasecmp(value, "copy"))
-			diff_detect_rename_default = DIFF_DETECT_COPY;
-		else if (git_config_bool(var,value))
-			diff_detect_rename_default = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
+		diff_detect_rename_default = git_config_rename(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.autorefreshindex")) {
@@ -92,6 +101,8 @@ int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.external"))
 		return git_config_string(&external_diff_cmd_cfg, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.wordregex"))
+		return git_config_string(&diff_word_regex_cfg, var, value);
 
 	return git_diff_basic_config(var, value, cb);
 }
@@ -111,6 +122,8 @@ int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "diff.color.") || !prefixcmp(var, "color.diff.")) {
 		int slot = parse_diff_color_slot(var, 11);
+		if (slot < 0)
+			return 0;
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		color_parse(value, var, diff_colors[slot]);
@@ -118,7 +131,9 @@ int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	}
 
 	/* like GNU diff's --suppress-blank-empty option  */
-	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.suppress-blank-empty")) {
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.suppressblankempty") ||
+			/* for backwards compatibility */
+			!strcmp(var, "diff.suppress-blank-empty")) {
 		diff_suppress_blank_empty = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -165,6 +180,22 @@ static struct diff_tempfile {
 	char tmp_path[PATH_MAX];
 } diff_temp[2];
 
+typedef unsigned long (*sane_truncate_fn)(char *line, unsigned long len);
+
+struct emit_callback {
+	int color_diff;
+	unsigned ws_rule;
+	int blank_at_eof_in_preimage;
+	int blank_at_eof_in_postimage;
+	int lno_in_preimage;
+	int lno_in_postimage;
+	sane_truncate_fn truncate;
+	const char **label_path;
+	struct diff_words_data *diff_words;
+	int *found_changesp;
+	FILE *file;
+};
+
 static int count_lines(const char *data, int size)
 {
 	int count, ch, completely_empty = 1, nl_just_seen = 0;
@@ -188,6 +219,200 @@ static int count_lines(const char *data, int size)
 	return count;
 }
 
+static int fill_mmfile(mmfile_t *mf, struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
+		mf->ptr = (char *)""; /* does not matter */
+		mf->size = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
+		return -1;
+
+	mf->ptr = one->data;
+	mf->size = one->size;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int count_trailing_blank(mmfile_t *mf, unsigned ws_rule)
+{
+	char *ptr = mf->ptr;
+	long size = mf->size;
+	int cnt = 0;
+
+	if (!size)
+		return cnt;
+	ptr += size - 1; /* pointing at the very end */
+	if (*ptr != '\n')
+		; /* incomplete line */
+	else
+		ptr--; /* skip the last LF */
+	while (mf->ptr < ptr) {
+		char *prev_eol;
+		for (prev_eol = ptr; mf->ptr <= prev_eol; prev_eol--)
+			if (*prev_eol == '\n')
+				break;
+		if (!ws_blank_line(prev_eol + 1, ptr - prev_eol, ws_rule))
+			break;
+		cnt++;
+		ptr = prev_eol - 1;
+	}
+	return cnt;
+}
+
+static void check_blank_at_eof(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
+			       struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
+{
+	int l1, l2, at;
+	unsigned ws_rule = ecbdata->ws_rule;
+	l1 = count_trailing_blank(mf1, ws_rule);
+	l2 = count_trailing_blank(mf2, ws_rule);
+	if (l2 <= l1) {
+		ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_preimage = 0;
+		ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_postimage = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+	at = count_lines(mf1->ptr, mf1->size);
+	ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_preimage = (at - l1) + 1;
+
+	at = count_lines(mf2->ptr, mf2->size);
+	ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_postimage = (at - l2) + 1;
+}
+
+static void emit_line_0(FILE *file, const char *set, const char *reset,
+			int first, const char *line, int len)
+{
+	int has_trailing_newline, has_trailing_carriage_return;
+	int nofirst;
+
+	if (len == 0) {
+		has_trailing_newline = (first == '\n');
+		has_trailing_carriage_return = (!has_trailing_newline &&
+						(first == '\r'));
+		nofirst = has_trailing_newline || has_trailing_carriage_return;
+	} else {
+		has_trailing_newline = (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\n');
+		if (has_trailing_newline)
+			len--;
+		has_trailing_carriage_return = (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\r');
+		if (has_trailing_carriage_return)
+			len--;
+		nofirst = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (len || !nofirst) {
+		fputs(set, file);
+		if (!nofirst)
+			fputc(first, file);
+		fwrite(line, len, 1, file);
+		fputs(reset, file);
+	}
+	if (has_trailing_carriage_return)
+		fputc('\r', file);
+	if (has_trailing_newline)
+		fputc('\n', file);
+}
+
+static void emit_line(FILE *file, const char *set, const char *reset,
+		      const char *line, int len)
+{
+	emit_line_0(file, set, reset, line[0], line+1, len-1);
+}
+
+static int new_blank_line_at_eof(struct emit_callback *ecbdata, const char *line, int len)
+{
+	if (!((ecbdata->ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) &&
+	      ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_preimage &&
+	      ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_postimage &&
+	      ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_preimage <= ecbdata->lno_in_preimage &&
+	      ecbdata->blank_at_eof_in_postimage <= ecbdata->lno_in_postimage))
+		return 0;
+	return ws_blank_line(line, len, ecbdata->ws_rule);
+}
+
+static void emit_add_line(const char *reset,
+			  struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
+			  const char *line, int len)
+{
+	const char *ws = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_WHITESPACE);
+	const char *set = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+
+	if (!*ws)
+		emit_line_0(ecbdata->file, set, reset, '+', line, len);
+	else if (new_blank_line_at_eof(ecbdata, line, len))
+		/* Blank line at EOF - paint '+' as well */
+		emit_line_0(ecbdata->file, ws, reset, '+', line, len);
+	else {
+		/* Emit just the prefix, then the rest. */
+		emit_line_0(ecbdata->file, set, reset, '+', "", 0);
+		ws_check_emit(line, len, ecbdata->ws_rule,
+			      ecbdata->file, set, reset, ws);
+	}
+}
+
+static void emit_hunk_header(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
+			     const char *line, int len)
+{
+	const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_PLAIN);
+	const char *frag = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
+	const char *func = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FUNCINFO);
+	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
+	static const char atat[2] = { '@', '@' };
+	const char *cp, *ep;
+
+	/*
+	 * As a hunk header must begin with "@@ -<old>, +<new> @@",
+	 * it always is at least 10 bytes long.
+	 */
+	if (len < 10 ||
+	    memcmp(line, atat, 2) ||
+	    !(ep = memmem(line + 2, len - 2, atat, 2))) {
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, plain, reset, line, len);
+		return;
+	}
+	ep += 2; /* skip over @@ */
+
+	/* The hunk header in fraginfo color */
+	emit_line(ecbdata->file, frag, reset, line, ep - line);
+
+	/* blank before the func header */
+	for (cp = ep; ep - line < len; ep++)
+		if (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')
+			break;
+	if (ep != cp)
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, plain, reset, cp, ep - cp);
+
+	if (ep < line + len)
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, func, reset, ep, line + len - ep);
+}
+
+static struct diff_tempfile *claim_diff_tempfile(void) {
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++)
+		if (!diff_temp[i].name)
+			return diff_temp + i;
+	die("BUG: diff is failing to clean up its tempfiles");
+}
+
+static int remove_tempfile_installed;
+
+static void remove_tempfile(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++) {
+		if (diff_temp[i].name == diff_temp[i].tmp_path)
+			unlink_or_warn(diff_temp[i].name);
+		diff_temp[i].name = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void remove_tempfile_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	remove_tempfile();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
 static void print_line_count(FILE *file, int count)
 {
 	switch (count) {
@@ -203,32 +428,44 @@ static void print_line_count(FILE *file, int count)
 	}
 }
 
-static void copy_file_with_prefix(FILE *file,
-				  int prefix, const char *data, int size,
-				  const char *set, const char *reset)
+static void emit_rewrite_lines(struct emit_callback *ecb,
+			       int prefix, const char *data, int size)
 {
-	int ch, nl_just_seen = 1;
-	while (0 < size--) {
-		ch = *data++;
-		if (nl_just_seen) {
-			fputs(set, file);
-			putc(prefix, file);
+	const char *endp = NULL;
+	static const char *nneof = " No newline at end of file\n";
+	const char *old = diff_get_color(ecb->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+	const char *reset = diff_get_color(ecb->color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
+
+	while (0 < size) {
+		int len;
+
+		endp = memchr(data, '\n', size);
+		len = endp ? (endp - data + 1) : size;
+		if (prefix != '+') {
+			ecb->lno_in_preimage++;
+			emit_line_0(ecb->file, old, reset, '-',
+				    data, len);
+		} else {
+			ecb->lno_in_postimage++;
+			emit_add_line(reset, ecb, data, len);
 		}
-		if (ch == '\n') {
-			nl_just_seen = 1;
-			fputs(reset, file);
-		} else
-			nl_just_seen = 0;
-		putc(ch, file);
+		size -= len;
+		data += len;
+	}
+	if (!endp) {
+		const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecb->color_diff,
+						   DIFF_PLAIN);
+		emit_line_0(ecb->file, plain, reset, '\\',
+			    nneof, strlen(nneof));
 	}
-	if (!nl_just_seen)
-		fprintf(file, "%s\n\\ No newline at end of file\n", reset);
 }
 
 static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 			      const char *name_b,
 			      struct diff_filespec *one,
 			      struct diff_filespec *two,
+			      const char *textconv_one,
+			      const char *textconv_two,
 			      struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	int lc_a, lc_b;
@@ -236,11 +473,12 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 	const char *name_a_tab, *name_b_tab;
 	const char *metainfo = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_METAINFO);
 	const char *fraginfo = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO);
-	const char *old = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
-	const char *new = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color(color_diff, DIFF_RESET);
 	static struct strbuf a_name = STRBUF_INIT, b_name = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
+	const char *data_one, *data_two;
+	size_t size_one, size_two;
+	struct emit_callback ecbdata;
 
 	if (diff_mnemonic_prefix && DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
 		a_prefix = o->b_prefix;
@@ -262,8 +500,43 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 
 	diff_populate_filespec(one, 0);
 	diff_populate_filespec(two, 0);
-	lc_a = count_lines(one->data, one->size);
-	lc_b = count_lines(two->data, two->size);
+	if (textconv_one) {
+		data_one = run_textconv(textconv_one, one, &size_one);
+		if (!data_one)
+			die("unable to read files to diff");
+	}
+	else {
+		data_one = one->data;
+		size_one = one->size;
+	}
+	if (textconv_two) {
+		data_two = run_textconv(textconv_two, two, &size_two);
+		if (!data_two)
+			die("unable to read files to diff");
+	}
+	else {
+		data_two = two->data;
+		size_two = two->size;
+	}
+
+	memset(&ecbdata, 0, sizeof(ecbdata));
+	ecbdata.color_diff = color_diff;
+	ecbdata.found_changesp = &o->found_changes;
+	ecbdata.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(name_b ? name_b : name_a);
+	ecbdata.file = o->file;
+	if (ecbdata.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) {
+		mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
+		mf1.ptr = (char *)data_one;
+		mf2.ptr = (char *)data_two;
+		mf1.size = size_one;
+		mf2.size = size_two;
+		check_blank_at_eof(&mf1, &mf2, &ecbdata);
+	}
+	ecbdata.lno_in_preimage = 1;
+	ecbdata.lno_in_postimage = 1;
+
+	lc_a = count_lines(data_one, size_one);
+	lc_b = count_lines(data_two, size_two);
 	fprintf(o->file,
 		"%s--- %s%s%s\n%s+++ %s%s%s\n%s@@ -",
 		metainfo, a_name.buf, name_a_tab, reset,
@@ -273,105 +546,146 @@ static void emit_rewrite_diff(const char *name_a,
 	print_line_count(o->file, lc_b);
 	fprintf(o->file, " @@%s\n", reset);
 	if (lc_a)
-		copy_file_with_prefix(o->file, '-', one->data, one->size, old, reset);
+		emit_rewrite_lines(&ecbdata, '-', data_one, size_one);
 	if (lc_b)
-		copy_file_with_prefix(o->file, '+', two->data, two->size, new, reset);
-}
-
-static int fill_mmfile(mmfile_t *mf, struct diff_filespec *one)
-{
-	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
-		mf->ptr = (char *)""; /* does not matter */
-		mf->size = 0;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	else if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
-		return -1;
-
-	mf->ptr = one->data;
-	mf->size = one->size;
-	return 0;
+		emit_rewrite_lines(&ecbdata, '+', data_two, size_two);
 }
 
 struct diff_words_buffer {
 	mmfile_t text;
 	long alloc;
-	long current; /* output pointer */
-	int suppressed_newline;
+	struct diff_words_orig {
+		const char *begin, *end;
+	} *orig;
+	int orig_nr, orig_alloc;
 };
 
 static void diff_words_append(char *line, unsigned long len,
 		struct diff_words_buffer *buffer)
 {
-	if (buffer->text.size + len > buffer->alloc) {
-		buffer->alloc = (buffer->text.size + len) * 3 / 2;
-		buffer->text.ptr = xrealloc(buffer->text.ptr, buffer->alloc);
-	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(buffer->text.ptr, buffer->text.size + len, buffer->alloc);
 	line++;
 	len--;
 	memcpy(buffer->text.ptr + buffer->text.size, line, len);
 	buffer->text.size += len;
+	buffer->text.ptr[buffer->text.size] = '\0';
 }
 
 struct diff_words_data {
 	struct diff_words_buffer minus, plus;
+	const char *current_plus;
 	FILE *file;
+	regex_t *word_regex;
 };
 
-static void print_word(FILE *file, struct diff_words_buffer *buffer, int len, int color,
-		int suppress_newline)
+static void fn_out_diff_words_aux(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
-	const char *ptr;
-	int eol = 0;
+	struct diff_words_data *diff_words = priv;
+	int minus_first, minus_len, plus_first, plus_len;
+	const char *minus_begin, *minus_end, *plus_begin, *plus_end;
 
-	if (len == 0)
+	if (line[0] != '@' || parse_hunk_header(line, len,
+			&minus_first, &minus_len, &plus_first, &plus_len))
 		return;
 
-	ptr  = buffer->text.ptr + buffer->current;
-	buffer->current += len;
+	/* POSIX requires that first be decremented by one if len == 0... */
+	if (minus_len) {
+		minus_begin = diff_words->minus.orig[minus_first].begin;
+		minus_end =
+			diff_words->minus.orig[minus_first + minus_len - 1].end;
+	} else
+		minus_begin = minus_end =
+			diff_words->minus.orig[minus_first].end;
 
-	if (ptr[len - 1] == '\n') {
-		eol = 1;
-		len--;
+	if (plus_len) {
+		plus_begin = diff_words->plus.orig[plus_first].begin;
+		plus_end = diff_words->plus.orig[plus_first + plus_len - 1].end;
+	} else
+		plus_begin = plus_end = diff_words->plus.orig[plus_first].end;
+
+	if (diff_words->current_plus != plus_begin)
+		fwrite(diff_words->current_plus,
+				plus_begin - diff_words->current_plus, 1,
+				diff_words->file);
+	if (minus_begin != minus_end)
+		color_fwrite_lines(diff_words->file,
+				diff_get_color(1, DIFF_FILE_OLD),
+				minus_end - minus_begin, minus_begin);
+	if (plus_begin != plus_end)
+		color_fwrite_lines(diff_words->file,
+				diff_get_color(1, DIFF_FILE_NEW),
+				plus_end - plus_begin, plus_begin);
+
+	diff_words->current_plus = plus_end;
+}
+
+/* This function starts looking at *begin, and returns 0 iff a word was found. */
+static int find_word_boundaries(mmfile_t *buffer, regex_t *word_regex,
+		int *begin, int *end)
+{
+	if (word_regex && *begin < buffer->size) {
+		regmatch_t match[1];
+		if (!regexec(word_regex, buffer->ptr + *begin, 1, match, 0)) {
+			char *p = memchr(buffer->ptr + *begin + match[0].rm_so,
+					'\n', match[0].rm_eo - match[0].rm_so);
+			*end = p ? p - buffer->ptr : match[0].rm_eo + *begin;
+			*begin += match[0].rm_so;
+			return *begin >= *end;
+		}
+		return -1;
 	}
 
-	fputs(diff_get_color(1, color), file);
-	fwrite(ptr, len, 1, file);
-	fputs(diff_get_color(1, DIFF_RESET), file);
+	/* find the next word */
+	while (*begin < buffer->size && isspace(buffer->ptr[*begin]))
+		(*begin)++;
+	if (*begin >= buffer->size)
+		return -1;
 
-	if (eol) {
-		if (suppress_newline)
-			buffer->suppressed_newline = 1;
-		else
-			putc('\n', file);
-	}
+	/* find the end of the word */
+	*end = *begin + 1;
+	while (*end < buffer->size && !isspace(buffer->ptr[*end]))
+		(*end)++;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static void fn_out_diff_words_aux(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
+/*
+ * This function splits the words in buffer->text, stores the list with
+ * newline separator into out, and saves the offsets of the original words
+ * in buffer->orig.
+ */
+static void diff_words_fill(struct diff_words_buffer *buffer, mmfile_t *out,
+		regex_t *word_regex)
 {
-	struct diff_words_data *diff_words = priv;
+	int i, j;
+	long alloc = 0;
 
-	if (diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline) {
-		if (line[0] != '+')
-			putc('\n', diff_words->file);
-		diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline = 0;
-	}
+	out->size = 0;
+	out->ptr = NULL;
 
-	len--;
-	switch (line[0]) {
-		case '-':
-			print_word(diff_words->file,
-				   &diff_words->minus, len, DIFF_FILE_OLD, 1);
-			break;
-		case '+':
-			print_word(diff_words->file,
-				   &diff_words->plus, len, DIFF_FILE_NEW, 0);
-			break;
-		case ' ':
-			print_word(diff_words->file,
-				   &diff_words->plus, len, DIFF_PLAIN, 0);
-			diff_words->minus.current += len;
-			break;
+	/* fake an empty "0th" word */
+	ALLOC_GROW(buffer->orig, 1, buffer->orig_alloc);
+	buffer->orig[0].begin = buffer->orig[0].end = buffer->text.ptr;
+	buffer->orig_nr = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < buffer->text.size; i++) {
+		if (find_word_boundaries(&buffer->text, word_regex, &i, &j))
+			return;
+
+		/* store original boundaries */
+		ALLOC_GROW(buffer->orig, buffer->orig_nr + 1,
+				buffer->orig_alloc);
+		buffer->orig[buffer->orig_nr].begin = buffer->text.ptr + i;
+		buffer->orig[buffer->orig_nr].end = buffer->text.ptr + j;
+		buffer->orig_nr++;
+
+		/* store one word */
+		ALLOC_GROW(out->ptr, out->size + j - i + 1, alloc);
+		memcpy(out->ptr + out->size, buffer->text.ptr + i, j - i);
+		out->ptr[out->size + j - i] = '\n';
+		out->size += j - i + 1;
+
+		i = j - 1;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -382,62 +696,55 @@ static void diff_words_show(struct diff_words_data *diff_words)
 	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
 	xdemitcb_t ecb;
 	mmfile_t minus, plus;
-	int i;
+
+	/* special case: only removal */
+	if (!diff_words->plus.text.size) {
+		color_fwrite_lines(diff_words->file,
+			diff_get_color(1, DIFF_FILE_OLD),
+			diff_words->minus.text.size, diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
+		diff_words->minus.text.size = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	diff_words->current_plus = diff_words->plus.text.ptr;
 
 	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
 	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
-	minus.size = diff_words->minus.text.size;
-	minus.ptr = xmalloc(minus.size);
-	memcpy(minus.ptr, diff_words->minus.text.ptr, minus.size);
-	for (i = 0; i < minus.size; i++)
-		if (isspace(minus.ptr[i]))
-			minus.ptr[i] = '\n';
-	diff_words->minus.current = 0;
-
-	plus.size = diff_words->plus.text.size;
-	plus.ptr = xmalloc(plus.size);
-	memcpy(plus.ptr, diff_words->plus.text.ptr, plus.size);
-	for (i = 0; i < plus.size; i++)
-		if (isspace(plus.ptr[i]))
-			plus.ptr[i] = '\n';
-	diff_words->plus.current = 0;
-
+	diff_words_fill(&diff_words->minus, &minus, diff_words->word_regex);
+	diff_words_fill(&diff_words->plus, &plus, diff_words->word_regex);
 	xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL;
-	xecfg.ctxlen = diff_words->minus.alloc + diff_words->plus.alloc;
+	/* as only the hunk header will be parsed, we need a 0-context */
+	xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
 	xdi_diff_outf(&minus, &plus, fn_out_diff_words_aux, diff_words,
 		      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 	free(minus.ptr);
 	free(plus.ptr);
+	if (diff_words->current_plus != diff_words->plus.text.ptr +
+			diff_words->plus.text.size)
+		fwrite(diff_words->current_plus,
+			diff_words->plus.text.ptr + diff_words->plus.text.size
+			- diff_words->current_plus, 1,
+			diff_words->file);
 	diff_words->minus.text.size = diff_words->plus.text.size = 0;
-
-	if (diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline) {
-		putc('\n', diff_words->file);
-		diff_words->minus.suppressed_newline = 0;
-	}
 }
 
-typedef unsigned long (*sane_truncate_fn)(char *line, unsigned long len);
-
-struct emit_callback {
-	int nparents, color_diff;
-	unsigned ws_rule;
-	sane_truncate_fn truncate;
-	const char **label_path;
-	struct diff_words_data *diff_words;
-	int *found_changesp;
-	FILE *file;
-};
+/* In "color-words" mode, show word-diff of words accumulated in the buffer */
+static void diff_words_flush(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
+{
+	if (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.size ||
+	    ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.size)
+		diff_words_show(ecbdata->diff_words);
+}
 
 static void free_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 {
 	if (ecbdata->diff_words) {
-		/* flush buffers */
-		if (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.size ||
-				ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.size)
-			diff_words_show(ecbdata->diff_words);
-
+		diff_words_flush(ecbdata);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.orig);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.ptr);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->plus.orig);
+		free(ecbdata->diff_words->word_regex);
 		free(ecbdata->diff_words);
 		ecbdata->diff_words = NULL;
 	}
@@ -450,42 +757,6 @@ const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix)
 	return "";
 }
 
-static void emit_line(FILE *file, const char *set, const char *reset, const char *line, int len)
-{
-	int has_trailing_newline, has_trailing_carriage_return;
-
-	has_trailing_newline = (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\n');
-	if (has_trailing_newline)
-		len--;
-	has_trailing_carriage_return = (len > 0 && line[len-1] == '\r');
-	if (has_trailing_carriage_return)
-		len--;
-
-	fputs(set, file);
-	fwrite(line, len, 1, file);
-	fputs(reset, file);
-	if (has_trailing_carriage_return)
-		fputc('\r', file);
-	if (has_trailing_newline)
-		fputc('\n', file);
-}
-
-static void emit_add_line(const char *reset, struct emit_callback *ecbdata, const char *line, int len)
-{
-	const char *ws = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_WHITESPACE);
-	const char *set = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
-
-	if (!*ws)
-		emit_line(ecbdata->file, set, reset, line, len);
-	else {
-		/* Emit just the prefix, then the rest. */
-		emit_line(ecbdata->file, set, reset, line, ecbdata->nparents);
-		ws_check_emit(line + ecbdata->nparents,
-			      len - ecbdata->nparents, ecbdata->ws_rule,
-			      ecbdata->file, set, reset, ws);
-	}
-}
-
 static unsigned long sane_truncate_line(struct emit_callback *ecb, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
 	const char *cp;
@@ -504,10 +775,23 @@ static unsigned long sane_truncate_line(struct emit_callback *ecb, char *line, u
 	return allot - l;
 }
 
+static void find_lno(const char *line, struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
+{
+	const char *p;
+	ecbdata->lno_in_preimage = 0;
+	ecbdata->lno_in_postimage = 0;
+	p = strchr(line, '-');
+	if (!p)
+		return; /* cannot happen */
+	ecbdata->lno_in_preimage = strtol(p + 1, NULL, 10);
+	p = strchr(p, '+');
+	if (!p)
+		return; /* cannot happen */
+	ecbdata->lno_in_postimage = strtol(p + 1, NULL, 10);
+}
+
 static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 {
-	int i;
-	int color;
 	struct emit_callback *ecbdata = priv;
 	const char *meta = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_METAINFO);
 	const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_PLAIN);
@@ -534,31 +818,22 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 		len = 1;
 	}
 
-	/* This is not really necessary for now because
-	 * this codepath only deals with two-way diffs.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < len && line[i] == '@'; i++)
-		;
-	if (2 <= i && i < len && line[i] == ' ') {
-		ecbdata->nparents = i - 1;
+	if (line[0] == '@') {
+		if (ecbdata->diff_words)
+			diff_words_flush(ecbdata);
 		len = sane_truncate_line(ecbdata, line, len);
-		emit_line(ecbdata->file,
-			  diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO),
-			  reset, line, len);
+		find_lno(line, ecbdata);
+		emit_hunk_header(ecbdata, line, len);
 		if (line[len-1] != '\n')
 			putc('\n', ecbdata->file);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (len < ecbdata->nparents) {
+	if (len < 1) {
 		emit_line(ecbdata->file, reset, reset, line, len);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	color = DIFF_PLAIN;
-	if (ecbdata->diff_words && ecbdata->nparents != 1)
-		/* fall back to normal diff */
-		free_diff_words_data(ecbdata);
 	if (ecbdata->diff_words) {
 		if (line[0] == '-') {
 			diff_words_append(line, len,
@@ -569,28 +844,25 @@ static void fn_out_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 					  &ecbdata->diff_words->plus);
 			return;
 		}
-		if (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.size ||
-		    ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.size)
-			diff_words_show(ecbdata->diff_words);
+		diff_words_flush(ecbdata);
 		line++;
 		len--;
 		emit_line(ecbdata->file, plain, reset, line, len);
 		return;
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < ecbdata->nparents && len; i++) {
-		if (line[i] == '-')
-			color = DIFF_FILE_OLD;
-		else if (line[i] == '+')
-			color = DIFF_FILE_NEW;
-	}
 
-	if (color != DIFF_FILE_NEW) {
-		emit_line(ecbdata->file,
-			  diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff, color),
-			  reset, line, len);
-		return;
+	if (line[0] != '+') {
+		const char *color =
+			diff_get_color(ecbdata->color_diff,
+				       line[0] == '-' ? DIFF_FILE_OLD : DIFF_PLAIN);
+		ecbdata->lno_in_preimage++;
+		if (line[0] == ' ')
+			ecbdata->lno_in_postimage++;
+		emit_line(ecbdata->file, color, reset, line, len);
+	} else {
+		ecbdata->lno_in_postimage++;
+		emit_add_line(reset, ecbdata, line + 1, len - 1);
 	}
-	emit_add_line(reset, ecbdata, line, len);
 }
 
 static char *pprint_rename(const char *a, const char *b)
@@ -723,10 +995,9 @@ static int scale_linear(int it, int width, int max_change)
 }
 
 static void show_name(FILE *file,
-		      const char *prefix, const char *name, int len,
-		      const char *reset, const char *set)
+		      const char *prefix, const char *name, int len)
 {
-	fprintf(file, " %s%s%-*s%s |", set, prefix, len, name, reset);
+	fprintf(file, " %s%-*s |", prefix, len, name);
 }
 
 static void show_graph(FILE *file, char ch, int cnt, const char *set, const char *reset)
@@ -760,9 +1031,9 @@ static void fill_print_name(struct diffstat_file *file)
 	file->print_name = pname;
 }
 
-static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
+static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 {
-	int i, len, add, del, total, adds = 0, dels = 0;
+	int i, len, add, del, adds = 0, dels = 0;
 	int max_change = 0, max_len = 0;
 	int total_files = data->nr;
 	int width, name_width;
@@ -840,7 +1111,7 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 		}
 
 		if (data->files[i]->is_binary) {
-			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len, reset, set);
+			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
 			fprintf(options->file, "  Bin ");
 			fprintf(options->file, "%s%d%s", del_c, deleted, reset);
 			fprintf(options->file, " -> ");
@@ -850,7 +1121,7 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 			continue;
 		}
 		else if (data->files[i]->is_unmerged) {
-			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len, reset, set);
+			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
 			fprintf(options->file, "  Unmerged\n");
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -865,16 +1136,14 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 		 */
 		add = added;
 		del = deleted;
-		total = add + del;
 		adds += add;
 		dels += del;
 
 		if (width <= max_change) {
 			add = scale_linear(add, width, max_change);
 			del = scale_linear(del, width, max_change);
-			total = add + del;
 		}
-		show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len, reset, set);
+		show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
 		fprintf(options->file, "%5d%s", added + deleted,
 				added + deleted ? " " : "");
 		show_graph(options->file, '+', add, add_c, reset);
@@ -882,11 +1151,11 @@ static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
 		fprintf(options->file, "\n");
 	}
 	fprintf(options->file,
-	       "%s %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)%s\n",
-	       set, total_files, adds, dels, reset);
+	       " %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)\n",
+	       total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
-static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
+static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int i, adds = 0, dels = 0, total_files = data->nr;
 
@@ -911,7 +1180,7 @@ static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *option
 	       total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
-static void show_numstat(struct diffstat_t* data, struct diff_options *options)
+static void show_numstat(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int i;
 
@@ -1098,7 +1367,6 @@ struct checkdiff_t {
 	struct diff_options *o;
 	unsigned ws_rule;
 	unsigned status;
-	int trailing_blanks_start;
 };
 
 static int is_conflict_marker(const char *line, unsigned long len)
@@ -1142,10 +1410,6 @@ static void checkdiff_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 	if (line[0] == '+') {
 		unsigned bad;
 		data->lineno++;
-		if (!ws_blank_line(line + 1, len - 1, data->ws_rule))
-			data->trailing_blanks_start = 0;
-		else if (!data->trailing_blanks_start)
-			data->trailing_blanks_start = data->lineno;
 		if (is_conflict_marker(line + 1, len - 1)) {
 			data->status |= 1;
 			fprintf(data->o->file,
@@ -1165,14 +1429,12 @@ static void checkdiff_consume(void *priv, char *line, unsigned long len)
 			      data->o->file, set, reset, ws);
 	} else if (line[0] == ' ') {
 		data->lineno++;
-		data->trailing_blanks_start = 0;
 	} else if (line[0] == '@') {
 		char *plus = strchr(line, '+');
 		if (plus)
 			data->lineno = strtol(plus, NULL, 10) - 1;
 		else
 			die("invalid diff");
-		data->trailing_blanks_start = 0;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1300,6 +1562,12 @@ static const struct userdiff_funcname *diff_funcname_pattern(struct diff_filespe
 	return one->driver->funcname.pattern ? &one->driver->funcname : NULL;
 }
 
+static const char *userdiff_word_regex(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
+	return one->driver->word_regex;
+}
+
 void diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(struct diff_options *options, const char *a, const char *b)
 {
 	if (!options->a_prefix)
@@ -1334,6 +1602,22 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
 	const char *textconv_one = NULL, *textconv_two = NULL;
 
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, SUBMODULE_LOG) &&
+			(!one->mode || S_ISGITLINK(one->mode)) &&
+			(!two->mode || S_ISGITLINK(two->mode))) {
+		const char *del = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+		const char *add = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+		show_submodule_summary(o->file, one ? one->path : two->path,
+				one->sha1, two->sha1,
+				del, add, reset);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_TEXTCONV)) {
+		textconv_one = get_textconv(one);
+		textconv_two = get_textconv(two);
+	}
+
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(o, "a/", "b/");
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
 		a_prefix = o->b_prefix;
@@ -1376,8 +1660,11 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		 */
 		if ((one->mode ^ two->mode) & S_IFMT)
 			goto free_ab_and_return;
-		if (complete_rewrite) {
-			emit_rewrite_diff(name_a, name_b, one, two, o);
+		if (complete_rewrite &&
+		    (textconv_one || !diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) &&
+		    (textconv_two || !diff_filespec_is_binary(two))) {
+			emit_rewrite_diff(name_a, name_b, one, two,
+						textconv_one, textconv_two, o);
 			o->found_changes = 1;
 			goto free_ab_and_return;
 		}
@@ -1386,11 +1673,6 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 	if (fill_mmfile(&mf1, one) < 0 || fill_mmfile(&mf2, two) < 0)
 		die("unable to read files to diff");
 
-	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_TEXTCONV)) {
-		textconv_one = get_textconv(one);
-		textconv_two = get_textconv(two);
-	}
-
 	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, TEXT) &&
 	    ( (diff_filespec_is_binary(one) && !textconv_one) ||
 	      (diff_filespec_is_binary(two) && !textconv_two) )) {
@@ -1440,9 +1722,12 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 		ecbdata.color_diff = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, COLOR_DIFF);
 		ecbdata.found_changesp = &o->found_changes;
 		ecbdata.ws_rule = whitespace_rule(name_b ? name_b : name_a);
+		if (ecbdata.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF)
+			check_blank_at_eof(&mf1, &mf2, &ecbdata);
 		ecbdata.file = o->file;
 		xpp.flags = XDF_NEED_MINIMAL | o->xdl_opts;
 		xecfg.ctxlen = o->context;
+		xecfg.interhunkctxlen = o->interhunkcontext;
 		xecfg.flags = XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES;
 		if (pe)
 			xdiff_set_find_func(&xecfg, pe->pattern, pe->cflags);
@@ -1456,6 +1741,21 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 			ecbdata.diff_words =
 				xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct diff_words_data));
 			ecbdata.diff_words->file = o->file;
+			if (!o->word_regex)
+				o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(one);
+			if (!o->word_regex)
+				o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(two);
+			if (!o->word_regex)
+				o->word_regex = diff_word_regex_cfg;
+			if (o->word_regex) {
+				ecbdata.diff_words->word_regex = (regex_t *)
+					xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
+				if (regcomp(ecbdata.diff_words->word_regex,
+						o->word_regex,
+						REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
+					die ("Invalid regular expression: %s",
+							o->word_regex);
+			}
 		}
 		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, fn_out_consume, &ecbdata,
 			      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
@@ -1465,6 +1765,7 @@ static void builtin_diff(const char *name_a,
 			free(mf1.ptr);
 		if (textconv_two)
 			free(mf2.ptr);
+		xdiff_clear_find_func(&xecfg);
 	}
 
  free_ab_and_return:
@@ -1565,11 +1866,22 @@ static void builtin_checkdiff(const char *name_a, const char *name_b,
 		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, checkdiff_consume, &data,
 			      &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 
-		if ((data.ws_rule & WS_TRAILING_SPACE) &&
-		    data.trailing_blanks_start) {
-			fprintf(o->file, "%s:%d: ends with blank lines.\n",
-				data.filename, data.trailing_blanks_start);
-			data.status = 1; /* report errors */
+		if (data.ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) {
+			struct emit_callback ecbdata;
+			int blank_at_eof;
+
+			ecbdata.ws_rule = data.ws_rule;
+			check_blank_at_eof(&mf1, &mf2, &ecbdata);
+			blank_at_eof = ecbdata.blank_at_eof_in_preimage;
+
+			if (blank_at_eof) {
+				static char *err;
+				if (!err)
+					err = whitespace_error_string(WS_BLANK_AT_EOF);
+				fprintf(o->file, "%s:%d: %s.\n",
+					data.filename, blank_at_eof, err);
+				data.status = 1; /* report errors */
+			}
 		}
 	}
  free_and_return:
@@ -1621,7 +1933,8 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	struct stat st;
 	int pos, len;
 
-	/* We do not read the cache ourselves here, because the
+	/*
+	 * We do not read the cache ourselves here, because the
 	 * benchmark with my previous version that always reads cache
 	 * shows that it makes things worse for diff-tree comparing
 	 * two linux-2.6 kernel trees in an already checked out work
@@ -1645,7 +1958,7 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 	 * objects however would tend to be slower as they need
 	 * to be individually opened and inflated.
 	 */
-	if (!FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY && !want_file && has_sha1_pack(sha1, NULL))
+	if (!FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY && !want_file && has_sha1_pack(sha1))
 		return 0;
 
 	len = strlen(name);
@@ -1662,6 +1975,13 @@ static int reuse_worktree_file(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
+	 * If ce is marked as "assume unchanged", there is no
+	 * guarantee that work tree matches what we are looking for.
+	 */
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
 	 * If ce matches the file in the work tree, we can reuse it.
 	 */
 	if (ce_uptodate(ce) ||
@@ -1747,19 +2067,18 @@ int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
 		s->size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 		if (!s->size)
 			goto empty;
-		if (size_only)
-			return 0;
 		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			int ret;
-			s->data = xmalloc(s->size);
-			s->should_free = 1;
-			ret = readlink(s->path, s->data, s->size);
-			if (ret < 0) {
-				free(s->data);
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, s->path, s->size))
 				goto err_empty;
-			}
+			s->size = sb.len;
+			s->data = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+			s->should_free = 1;
 			return 0;
 		}
+		if (size_only)
+			return 0;
 		fd = open(s->path, O_RDONLY);
 		if (fd < 0)
 			goto err_empty;
@@ -1811,30 +2130,48 @@ void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *s)
 	s->cnt_data = NULL;
 }
 
-static void prep_temp_blob(struct diff_tempfile *temp,
+static void prep_temp_blob(const char *path, struct diff_tempfile *temp,
 			   void *blob,
 			   unsigned long size,
 			   const unsigned char *sha1,
 			   int mode)
 {
 	int fd;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf template = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *path_dup = xstrdup(path);
+	const char *base = basename(path_dup);
+
+	/* Generate "XXXXXX_basename.ext" */
+	strbuf_addstr(&template, "XXXXXX_");
+	strbuf_addstr(&template, base);
 
-	fd = git_mkstemp(temp->tmp_path, PATH_MAX, ".diff_XXXXXX");
+	fd = git_mkstemps(temp->tmp_path, PATH_MAX, template.buf,
+			strlen(base) + 1);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("unable to create temp-file: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("unable to create temp-file");
+	if (convert_to_working_tree(path,
+			(const char *)blob, (size_t)size, &buf)) {
+		blob = buf.buf;
+		size = buf.len;
+	}
 	if (write_in_full(fd, blob, size) != size)
-		die("unable to write temp-file");
+		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
 	close(fd);
 	temp->name = temp->tmp_path;
 	strcpy(temp->hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	temp->hex[40] = 0;
 	sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", mode);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&template);
+	free(path_dup);
 }
 
-static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
-			      struct diff_tempfile *temp,
-			      struct diff_filespec *one)
+static struct diff_tempfile *prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
+		struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
+	struct diff_tempfile *temp = claim_diff_tempfile();
+
 	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
 	not_a_valid_file:
 		/* A '-' entry produces this for file-2, and
@@ -1843,7 +2180,13 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		temp->name = "/dev/null";
 		strcpy(temp->hex, ".");
 		strcpy(temp->mode, ".");
-		return;
+		return temp;
+	}
+
+	if (!remove_tempfile_installed) {
+		atexit(remove_tempfile);
+		sigchain_push_common(remove_tempfile_on_signal);
+		remove_tempfile_installed = 1;
 	}
 
 	if (!one->sha1_valid ||
@@ -1852,22 +2195,18 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		if (lstat(name, &st) < 0) {
 			if (errno == ENOENT)
 				goto not_a_valid_file;
-			die("stat(%s): %s", name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("stat(%s)", name);
 		}
 		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			int ret;
-			char buf[PATH_MAX + 1]; /* ought to be SYMLINK_MAX */
-			size_t sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-			if (sizeof(buf) <= st.st_size)
-				die("symlink too long: %s", name);
-			ret = readlink(name, buf, sz);
-			if (ret < 0)
-				die("readlink(%s)", name);
-			prep_temp_blob(temp, buf, sz,
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, name, st.st_size) < 0)
+				die_errno("readlink(%s)", name);
+			prep_temp_blob(name, temp, sb.buf, sb.len,
 				       (one->sha1_valid ?
 					one->sha1 : null_sha1),
 				       (one->sha1_valid ?
 					one->mode : S_IFLNK));
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
 		}
 		else {
 			/* we can borrow from the file in the work tree */
@@ -1884,32 +2223,15 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 			 */
 			sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", one->mode);
 		}
-		return;
+		return temp;
 	}
 	else {
 		if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
 			die("cannot read data blob for %s", one->path);
-		prep_temp_blob(temp, one->data, one->size,
+		prep_temp_blob(name, temp, one->data, one->size,
 			       one->sha1, one->mode);
 	}
-}
-
-static void remove_tempfile(void)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
-		if (diff_temp[i].name == diff_temp[i].tmp_path) {
-			unlink(diff_temp[i].name);
-			diff_temp[i].name = NULL;
-		}
-}
-
-static void remove_tempfile_on_signal(int signo)
-{
-	remove_tempfile();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
-	raise(signo);
+	return temp;
 }
 
 /* An external diff command takes:
@@ -1927,34 +2249,22 @@ static void run_external_diff(const char *pgm,
 			      int complete_rewrite)
 {
 	const char *spawn_arg[10];
-	struct diff_tempfile *temp = diff_temp;
 	int retval;
-	static int atexit_asked = 0;
-	const char *othername;
 	const char **arg = &spawn_arg[0];
 
-	othername = (other? other : name);
-	if (one && two) {
-		prepare_temp_file(name, &temp[0], one);
-		prepare_temp_file(othername, &temp[1], two);
-		if (! atexit_asked &&
-		    (temp[0].name == temp[0].tmp_path ||
-		     temp[1].name == temp[1].tmp_path)) {
-			atexit_asked = 1;
-			atexit(remove_tempfile);
-		}
-		signal(SIGINT, remove_tempfile_on_signal);
-	}
-
 	if (one && two) {
+		struct diff_tempfile *temp_one, *temp_two;
+		const char *othername = (other ? other : name);
+		temp_one = prepare_temp_file(name, one);
+		temp_two = prepare_temp_file(othername, two);
 		*arg++ = pgm;
 		*arg++ = name;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].name;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].hex;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].mode;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].name;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].hex;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].mode;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->name;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->hex;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->mode;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->name;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->hex;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->mode;
 		if (other) {
 			*arg++ = other;
 			*arg++ = xfrm_msg;
@@ -1973,16 +2283,86 @@ static void run_external_diff(const char *pgm,
 	}
 }
 
+static int similarity_index(struct diff_filepair *p)
+{
+	return p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
+}
+
+static void fill_metainfo(struct strbuf *msg,
+			  const char *name,
+			  const char *other,
+			  struct diff_filespec *one,
+			  struct diff_filespec *two,
+			  struct diff_options *o,
+			  struct diff_filepair *p)
+{
+	strbuf_init(msg, PATH_MAX * 2 + 300);
+	switch (p->status) {
+	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\ncopy from ");
+		quote_c_style(name, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\ncopy to ");
+		quote_c_style(other, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\nrename from ");
+		quote_c_style(name, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\nrename to ");
+		quote_c_style(other, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		if (p->score) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "dissimilarity index %d%%\n",
+				    similarity_index(p));
+			break;
+		}
+		/* fallthru */
+	default:
+		/* nothing */
+		;
+	}
+	if (one && two && hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
+		int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY)) {
+			mmfile_t mf;
+			if ((!fill_mmfile(&mf, one) && diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) ||
+			    (!fill_mmfile(&mf, two) && diff_filespec_is_binary(two)))
+				abbrev = 40;
+		}
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "index %.*s..%.*s",
+			    abbrev, sha1_to_hex(one->sha1),
+			    abbrev, sha1_to_hex(two->sha1));
+		if (one->mode == two->mode)
+			strbuf_addf(msg, " %06o", one->mode);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+	}
+	if (msg->len)
+		strbuf_setlen(msg, msg->len - 1);
+}
+
 static void run_diff_cmd(const char *pgm,
 			 const char *name,
 			 const char *other,
 			 const char *attr_path,
 			 struct diff_filespec *one,
 			 struct diff_filespec *two,
-			 const char *xfrm_msg,
+			 struct strbuf *msg,
 			 struct diff_options *o,
-			 int complete_rewrite)
+			 struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
+	const char *xfrm_msg = NULL;
+	int complete_rewrite = (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED) && p->score;
+
+	if (msg) {
+		fill_metainfo(msg, name, other, one, two, o, p);
+		xfrm_msg = msg->len ? msg->buf : NULL;
+	}
+
 	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL))
 		pgm = NULL;
 	else {
@@ -2013,20 +2393,15 @@ static void diff_fill_sha1_info(struct diff_filespec *one)
 				return;
 			}
 			if (lstat(one->path, &st) < 0)
-				die("stat %s", one->path);
+				die_errno("stat '%s'", one->path);
 			if (index_path(one->sha1, one->path, &st, 0))
-				die("cannot hash %s\n", one->path);
+				die("cannot hash %s", one->path);
 		}
 	}
 	else
 		hashclr(one->sha1);
 }
 
-static int similarity_index(struct diff_filepair *p)
-{
-	return p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
-}
-
 static void strip_prefix(int prefix_length, const char **namep, const char **otherp)
 {
 	/* Strip the prefix but do not molest /dev/null and absolute paths */
@@ -2040,13 +2415,11 @@ static void run_diff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	const char *pgm = external_diff();
 	struct strbuf msg;
-	char *xfrm_msg;
 	struct diff_filespec *one = p->one;
 	struct diff_filespec *two = p->two;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *other;
 	const char *attr_path;
-	int complete_rewrite = 0;
 
 	name  = p->one->path;
 	other = (strcmp(name, p->two->path) ? p->two->path : NULL);
@@ -2056,83 +2429,34 @@ static void run_diff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
 		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, NULL, attr_path,
-			     NULL, NULL, NULL, o, 0);
+			     NULL, NULL, NULL, o, p);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(one);
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(two);
 
-	strbuf_init(&msg, PATH_MAX * 2 + 300);
-	switch (p->status) {
-	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\ncopy from ");
-		quote_c_style(name, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\ncopy to ");
-		quote_c_style(other, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
-		break;
-	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\nrename from ");
-		quote_c_style(name, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\nrename to ");
-		quote_c_style(other, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
-		break;
-	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
-		if (p->score) {
-			strbuf_addf(&msg, "dissimilarity index %d%%\n",
-					similarity_index(p));
-			complete_rewrite = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-		/* fallthru */
-	default:
-		/* nothing */
-		;
-	}
-
-	if (hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
-		int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY)) {
-			mmfile_t mf;
-			if ((!fill_mmfile(&mf, one) && diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) ||
-			    (!fill_mmfile(&mf, two) && diff_filespec_is_binary(two)))
-				abbrev = 40;
-		}
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, "index %.*s..%.*s",
-				abbrev, sha1_to_hex(one->sha1),
-				abbrev, sha1_to_hex(two->sha1));
-		if (one->mode == two->mode)
-			strbuf_addf(&msg, " %06o", one->mode);
-		strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
-	}
-
-	if (msg.len)
-		strbuf_setlen(&msg, msg.len - 1);
-	xfrm_msg = msg.len ? msg.buf : NULL;
-
 	if (!pgm &&
 	    DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) &&
 	    (S_IFMT & one->mode) != (S_IFMT & two->mode)) {
-		/* a filepair that changes between file and symlink
+		/*
+		 * a filepair that changes between file and symlink
 		 * needs to be split into deletion and creation.
 		 */
 		struct diff_filespec *null = alloc_filespec(two->path);
 		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, attr_path,
-			     one, null, xfrm_msg, o, 0);
+			     one, null, &msg, o, p);
 		free(null);
+		strbuf_release(&msg);
+
 		null = alloc_filespec(one->path);
 		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, attr_path,
-			     null, two, xfrm_msg, o, 0);
+			     null, two, &msg, o, p);
 		free(null);
 	}
 	else
 		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, other, attr_path,
-			     one, two, xfrm_msg, o, complete_rewrite);
+			     one, two, &msg, o, p);
 
 	strbuf_release(&msg);
 }
@@ -2198,15 +2522,12 @@ void diff_setup(struct diff_options *options)
 	options->break_opt = -1;
 	options->rename_limit = -1;
 	options->dirstat_percent = 3;
-	DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
 	options->context = 3;
 
 	options->change = diff_change;
 	options->add_remove = diff_addremove;
 	if (diff_use_color_default > 0)
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
-	else
-		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, COLOR_DIFF);
 	options->detect_rename = diff_detect_rename_default;
 
 	if (!diff_mnemonic_prefix) {
@@ -2442,11 +2763,13 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 
 	/* xdiff options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-w") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignore-all-space"))
-		options->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE;
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-b") || !strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-change"))
-		options->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE;
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-at-eol"))
-		options->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL;
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patience"))
+		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, PATIENCE_DIFF);
 
 	/* flags options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
@@ -2467,8 +2790,15 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-color"))
 		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, COLOR_DIFF);
-	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color-words"))
-		options->flags |= DIFF_OPT_COLOR_DIFF | DIFF_OPT_COLOR_DIFF_WORDS;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color-words")) {
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF_WORDS);
+	}
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--color-words=")) {
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF);
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, COLOR_DIFF_WORDS);
+		options->word_regex = arg + 14;
+	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--exit-code"))
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet"))
@@ -2477,8 +2807,18 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-ext-diff"))
 		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--textconv"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-textconv"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-submodules"))
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, IGNORE_SUBMODULES);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--submodule"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--submodule=")) {
+		if (!strcmp(arg + 12, "log"))
+			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
+	}
 
 	/* misc options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-z"))
@@ -2510,6 +2850,9 @@ int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 		options->b_prefix = arg + 13;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-prefix"))
 		options->a_prefix = options->b_prefix = "";
+	else if (opt_arg(arg, '\0', "inter-hunk-context",
+			 &options->interhunkcontext))
+		;
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--output=")) {
 		options->file = fopen(arg + strlen("--output="), "w");
 		options->close_file = 1;
@@ -2527,7 +2870,7 @@ static int parse_num(const char **cp_p)
 	num = 0;
 	scale = 1;
 	dot = 0;
-	for(;;) {
+	for (;;) {
 		ch = *cp;
 		if ( !dot && ch == '.' ) {
 			scale = 1;
@@ -3416,15 +3759,15 @@ void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options,
 static char *run_textconv(const char *pgm, struct diff_filespec *spec,
 		size_t *outsize)
 {
-	struct diff_tempfile temp;
+	struct diff_tempfile *temp;
 	const char *argv[3];
 	const char **arg = argv;
 	struct child_process child;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	prepare_temp_file(spec->path, &temp, spec);
+	temp = prepare_temp_file(spec->path, spec);
 	*arg++ = pgm;
-	*arg++ = temp.name;
+	*arg++ = temp->name;
 	*arg = NULL;
 
 	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
@@ -3433,13 +3776,14 @@ static char *run_textconv(const char *pgm, struct diff_filespec *spec,
 	if (start_command(&child) != 0 ||
 	    strbuf_read(&buf, child.out, 0) < 0 ||
 	    finish_command(&child) != 0) {
-		if (temp.name == temp.tmp_path)
-			unlink(temp.name);
+		close(child.out);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		remove_tempfile();
 		error("error running textconv command '%s'", pgm);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	if (temp.name == temp.tmp_path)
-		unlink(temp.name);
+	close(child.out);
+	remove_tempfile();
 
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, outsize);
 }
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index 42582edee..15fcecdec 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -66,9 +66,15 @@ typedef void (*diff_format_fn_t)(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 #define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE  (1 << 19)
 #define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_BY_FILE     (1 << 20)
 #define DIFF_OPT_ALLOW_TEXTCONV      (1 << 21)
+
+#define DIFF_OPT_SUBMODULE_LOG       (1 << 23)
+
 #define DIFF_OPT_TST(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags & DIFF_OPT_##flag)
 #define DIFF_OPT_SET(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags |= DIFF_OPT_##flag)
 #define DIFF_OPT_CLR(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags &= ~DIFF_OPT_##flag)
+#define DIFF_XDL_TST(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts & XDF_##flag)
+#define DIFF_XDL_SET(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts |= XDF_##flag)
+#define DIFF_XDL_CLR(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_##flag)
 
 struct diff_options {
 	const char *filter;
@@ -78,6 +84,7 @@ struct diff_options {
 	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
 	unsigned flags;
 	int context;
+	int interhunkcontext;
 	int break_opt;
 	int detect_rename;
 	int skip_stat_unmatch;
@@ -97,6 +104,7 @@ struct diff_options {
 
 	int stat_width;
 	int stat_name_width;
+	const char *word_regex;
 
 	/* this is set by diffcore for DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH */
 	int found_changes;
@@ -122,6 +130,7 @@ enum color_diff {
 	DIFF_FILE_NEW = 5,
 	DIFF_COMMIT = 6,
 	DIFF_WHITESPACE = 7,
+	DIFF_FUNCINFO = 8,
 };
 const char *diff_get_color(int diff_use_color, enum color_diff ix);
 #define diff_get_color_opt(o, ix) \
@@ -263,4 +272,6 @@ extern int diff_result_code(struct diff_options *, int);
 
 extern void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *, int, const char **, int, const char *);
 
+extern int index_differs_from(const char *def, int diff_flags);
+
 #endif /* DIFF_H */
diff --git a/diffcore-break.c b/diffcore-break.c
index 31cdcfe8b..3a7b60a03 100644
--- a/diffcore-break.c
+++ b/diffcore-break.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	 * The value we return is 1 if we want the pair to be broken,
 	 * or 0 if we do not.
 	 */
-	unsigned long delta_size, base_size, max_size;
+	unsigned long delta_size, max_size;
 	unsigned long src_copied, literal_added, src_removed;
 
 	*merge_score_p = 0; /* assume no deletion --- "do not break"
@@ -64,13 +64,12 @@ static int should_break(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	if (diff_populate_filespec(src, 0) || diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
 		return 0; /* error but caught downstream */
 
-	base_size = ((src->size < dst->size) ? src->size : dst->size);
 	max_size = ((src->size > dst->size) ? src->size : dst->size);
 	if (max_size < MINIMUM_BREAK_SIZE)
 		return 0; /* we do not break too small filepair */
 
 	if (diffcore_count_changes(src, dst,
-				   NULL, NULL,
+				   &src->cnt_data, &dst->cnt_data,
 				   0,
 				   &src_copied, &literal_added))
 		return 0;
@@ -205,12 +204,16 @@ void diffcore_break(int break_score)
 				dp->score = score;
 				dp->broken_pair = 1;
 
+				diff_free_filespec_blob(p->one);
+				diff_free_filespec_blob(p->two);
 				free(p); /* not diff_free_filepair(), we are
 					  * reusing one and two here.
 					  */
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
+		diff_free_filespec_data(p->one);
+		diff_free_filespec_data(p->two);
 		diff_q(&outq, p);
 	}
 	free(q->queue);
diff --git a/diffcore-delta.c b/diffcore-delta.c
index e670f8512..7cf431d26 100644
--- a/diffcore-delta.c
+++ b/diffcore-delta.c
@@ -201,10 +201,15 @@ int diffcore_count_changes(struct diff_filespec *src,
 		while (d->cnt) {
 			if (d->hashval >= s->hashval)
 				break;
+			la += d->cnt;
 			d++;
 		}
 		src_cnt = s->cnt;
-		dst_cnt = d->hashval == s->hashval ? d->cnt : 0;
+		dst_cnt = 0;
+		if (d->cnt && d->hashval == s->hashval) {
+			dst_cnt = d->cnt;
+			d++;
+		}
 		if (src_cnt < dst_cnt) {
 			la += dst_cnt - src_cnt;
 			sc += src_cnt;
@@ -213,6 +218,10 @@ int diffcore_count_changes(struct diff_filespec *src,
 			sc += dst_cnt;
 		s++;
 	}
+	while (d->cnt) {
+		la += d->cnt;
+		d++;
+	}
 
 	if (!src_count_p)
 		free(src_count);
diff --git a/diffcore-pickaxe.c b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
index af9fffe6e..d0ef83970 100644
--- a/diffcore-pickaxe.c
+++ b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ static unsigned int contains(struct diff_filespec *one,
 			     regex_t *regexp)
 {
 	unsigned int cnt;
-	unsigned long offset, sz;
+	unsigned long sz;
 	const char *data;
 	if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
 		return 0;
@@ -25,23 +25,23 @@ static unsigned int contains(struct diff_filespec *one,
 		regmatch_t regmatch;
 		int flags = 0;
 
+		assert(data[sz] == '\0');
 		while (*data && !regexec(regexp, data, 1, &regmatch, flags)) {
 			flags |= REG_NOTBOL;
-			data += regmatch.rm_so;
-			if (*data) data++;
+			data += regmatch.rm_eo;
+			if (*data && regmatch.rm_so == regmatch.rm_eo)
+				data++;
 			cnt++;
 		}
 
 	} else { /* Classic exact string match */
-		/* Yes, I've heard of strstr(), but the thing is *data may
-		 * not be NUL terminated.  Sue me.
-		 */
-		for (offset = 0; offset + len <= sz; offset++) {
-			/* we count non-overlapping occurrences of needle */
-			if (!memcmp(needle, data + offset, len)) {
-				offset += len - 1;
-				cnt++;
-			}
+		while (sz) {
+			const char *found = memmem(data, sz, needle, len);
+			if (!found)
+				break;
+			sz -= found - data + len;
+			data = found + len;
+			cnt++;
 		}
 	}
 	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
diff --git a/diffcore-rename.c b/diffcore-rename.c
index 168a95b54..d6fd3cacd 100644
--- a/diffcore-rename.c
+++ b/diffcore-rename.c
@@ -153,9 +153,9 @@ static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	 * is a possible size - we really should have a flag to
 	 * say whether the size is valid or not!)
 	 */
-	if (!src->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(src, 0))
+	if (!src->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(src, 1))
 		return 0;
-	if (!dst->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
+	if (!dst->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(dst, 1))
 		return 0;
 
 	max_size = ((src->size > dst->size) ? src->size : dst->size);
@@ -173,6 +173,11 @@ static int estimate_similarity(struct diff_filespec *src,
 	if (base_size * (MAX_SCORE-minimum_score) < delta_size * MAX_SCORE)
 		return 0;
 
+	if (!src->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(src, 0))
+		return 0;
+	if (!dst->cnt_data && diff_populate_filespec(dst, 0))
+		return 0;
+
 	delta_limit = (unsigned long)
 		(base_size * (MAX_SCORE-minimum_score) / MAX_SCORE);
 	if (diffcore_count_changes(src, dst,
@@ -262,7 +267,7 @@ static int find_identical_files(struct file_similarity *src,
 			int score;
 			struct diff_filespec *source = p->filespec;
 
-			/* False hash collission? */
+			/* False hash collision? */
 			if (hashcmp(source->sha1, target->sha1))
 				continue;
 			/* Non-regular files? If so, the modes must match! */
@@ -518,10 +523,13 @@ void diffcore_rename(struct diff_options *options)
 			this_src.dst = i;
 			this_src.src = j;
 			record_if_better(m, &this_src);
+			/*
+			 * Once we run estimate_similarity,
+			 * We do not need the text anymore.
+			 */
 			diff_free_filespec_blob(one);
+			diff_free_filespec_blob(two);
 		}
-		/* We do not need the text anymore */
-		diff_free_filespec_blob(two);
 		dst_cnt++;
 	}
 
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index 0131983df..d0999ba05 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -14,12 +14,11 @@ struct path_simplify {
 	const char *path;
 };
 
-static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir,
-	const char *path, const char *base, int baselen,
+static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, int len,
 	int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify);
-static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path);
+static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len);
 
-int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
+static int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *path, *slash, *next;
 	int prefix;
@@ -52,8 +51,28 @@ int common_prefix(const char **pathspec)
 	return prefix;
 }
 
+int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	const char *path;
+	int len;
+
+	/*
+	 * Calculate common prefix for the pathspec, and
+	 * use that to optimize the directory walk
+	 */
+	len = common_prefix(pathspec);
+	path = "";
+
+	if (len)
+		path = xmemdupz(*pathspec, len);
+
+	/* Read the directory and prune it */
+	read_directory(dir, path, len, pathspec);
+	return len;
+}
+
 /*
- * Does 'match' matches the given name?
+ * Does 'match' match the given name?
  * A match is found if
  *
  * (1) the 'match' string is leading directory of 'name', or
@@ -75,7 +94,7 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 	for (;;) {
 		unsigned char c1 = *match;
 		unsigned char c2 = *name;
-		if (isspecial(c1))
+		if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
 			break;
 		if (c1 != c2)
 			return 0;
@@ -108,25 +127,28 @@ static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
  * and a mark is left in seen[] array for pathspec element that
  * actually matched anything.
  */
-int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen, int prefix, char *seen)
+int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen,
+		int prefix, char *seen)
 {
-	int retval;
-	const char *match;
+	int i, retval = 0;
+
+	if (!pathspec)
+		return 1;
 
 	name += prefix;
 	namelen -= prefix;
 
-	for (retval = 0; (match = *pathspec++) != NULL; seen++) {
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i] != NULL; i++) {
 		int how;
-		if (retval && *seen == MATCHED_EXACTLY)
+		const char *match = pathspec[i] + prefix;
+		if (seen && seen[i] == MATCHED_EXACTLY)
 			continue;
-		match += prefix;
 		how = match_one(match, name, namelen);
 		if (how) {
 			if (retval < how)
 				retval = how;
-			if (*seen < how)
-				*seen = how;
+			if (seen && seen[i] < how)
+				seen[i] = how;
 		}
 	}
 	return retval;
@@ -134,7 +156,7 @@ int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen, int pre
 
 static int no_wildcard(const char *string)
 {
-	return string[strcspn(string, "*?[{")] == '\0';
+	return string[strcspn(string, "*?[{\\")] == '\0';
 }
 
 void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
@@ -153,7 +175,7 @@ void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
 	if (len && string[len - 1] == '/') {
 		char *s;
 		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x) + len);
-		s = (char*)(x+1);
+		s = (char *)(x+1);
 		memcpy(s, string, len - 1);
 		s[len - 1] = '\0';
 		string = s;
@@ -287,7 +309,7 @@ static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 	dir->basebuf[baselen] = '\0';
 }
 
-/* Scan the list and let the last match determines the fate.
+/* Scan the list and let the last match determine the fate.
  * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include and -1 for undecided.
  */
 static int excluded_1(const char *pathname,
@@ -304,7 +326,7 @@ static int excluded_1(const char *pathname,
 
 			if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
 				if (*dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-					*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, pathname);
+					*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, pathname, pathlen);
 				if (*dtype != DT_DIR)
 					continue;
 			}
@@ -393,7 +415,7 @@ static struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathna
 
 static struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
 {
-	if (cache_name_pos(pathname, len) >= 0)
+	if (!cache_name_is_other(pathname, len))
 		return NULL;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr+1, dir->ignored_alloc);
@@ -484,14 +506,14 @@ static enum directory_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
 		return recurse_into_directory;
 
 	case index_gitdir:
-		if (dir->show_other_directories)
+		if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
 			return ignore_directory;
 		return show_directory;
 
 	case index_nonexistent:
-		if (dir->show_other_directories)
+		if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES)
 			break;
-		if (!dir->no_gitlinks) {
+		if (!(dir->flags & DIR_NO_GITLINKS)) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(dirname, "HEAD", sha1) == 0)
 				return show_directory;
@@ -500,9 +522,9 @@ static enum directory_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
 	}
 
 	/* This is the "show_other_directories" case */
-	if (!dir->hide_empty_directories)
+	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
 		return show_directory;
-	if (!read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, dirname, len, 1, simplify))
+	if (!read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify))
 		return ignore_directory;
 	return show_directory;
 }
@@ -544,13 +566,54 @@ static int in_pathspec(const char *path, int len, const struct path_simplify *si
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path)
+static int get_index_dtype(const char *path, int len)
+{
+	int pos;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	ce = cache_name_exists(path, len, 0);
+	if (ce) {
+		if (!ce_uptodate(ce))
+			return DT_UNKNOWN;
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+			return DT_DIR;
+		/*
+		 * Nobody actually cares about the
+		 * difference between DT_LNK and DT_REG
+		 */
+		return DT_REG;
+	}
+
+	/* Try to look it up as a directory */
+	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	if (pos >= 0)
+		return DT_UNKNOWN;
+	pos = -pos-1;
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))
+			break;
+		if (ce->name[len] > '/')
+			break;
+		if (ce->name[len] < '/')
+			continue;
+		if (!ce_uptodate(ce))
+			break;	/* continue? */
+		return DT_DIR;
+	}
+	return DT_UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path, int len)
 {
 	int dtype = de ? DTYPE(de) : DT_UNKNOWN;
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (dtype != DT_UNKNOWN)
 		return dtype;
+	dtype = get_index_dtype(path, len);
+	if (dtype != DT_UNKNOWN)
+		return dtype;
 	if (lstat(path, &st))
 		return dtype;
 	if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
@@ -571,48 +634,47 @@ static int get_dtype(struct dirent *de, const char *path)
  * Also, we ignore the name ".git" (even if it is not a directory).
  * That likely will not change.
  */
-static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, const char *base, int baselen, int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify)
+static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen, int check_only, const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
-	DIR *fdir = opendir(path);
+	DIR *fdir = opendir(*base ? base : ".");
 	int contents = 0;
 
 	if (fdir) {
 		struct dirent *de;
-		char fullname[PATH_MAX + 1];
-		memcpy(fullname, base, baselen);
+		char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+		memcpy(path, base, baselen);
 
 		while ((de = readdir(fdir)) != NULL) {
 			int len, dtype;
 			int exclude;
 
-			if ((de->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-			    (de->d_name[1] == 0 ||
-			     !strcmp(de->d_name + 1, ".") ||
-			     !strcmp(de->d_name + 1, "git")))
+			if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name) ||
+			     !strcmp(de->d_name, ".git"))
 				continue;
 			len = strlen(de->d_name);
 			/* Ignore overly long pathnames! */
-			if (len + baselen + 8 > sizeof(fullname))
+			if (len + baselen + 8 > sizeof(path))
 				continue;
-			memcpy(fullname + baselen, de->d_name, len+1);
-			if (simplify_away(fullname, baselen + len, simplify))
+			memcpy(path + baselen, de->d_name, len+1);
+			len = baselen + len;
+			if (simplify_away(path, len, simplify))
 				continue;
 
 			dtype = DTYPE(de);
-			exclude = excluded(dir, fullname, &dtype);
-			if (exclude && dir->collect_ignored
-			    && in_pathspec(fullname, baselen + len, simplify))
-				dir_add_ignored(dir, fullname, baselen + len);
+			exclude = excluded(dir, path, &dtype);
+			if (exclude && (dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED)
+			    && in_pathspec(path, len, simplify))
+				dir_add_ignored(dir, path,len);
 
 			/*
 			 * Excluded? If we don't explicitly want to show
 			 * ignored files, ignore it
 			 */
-			if (exclude && !dir->show_ignored)
+			if (exclude && !(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
 				continue;
 
 			if (dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-				dtype = get_dtype(de, fullname);
+				dtype = get_dtype(de, path, len);
 
 			/*
 			 * Do we want to see just the ignored files?
@@ -620,7 +682,7 @@ static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, co
 			 * even if we don't ignore them, since the
 			 * directory may contain files that we do..
 			 */
-			if (!exclude && dir->show_ignored) {
+			if (!exclude && (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)) {
 				if (dtype != DT_DIR)
 					continue;
 			}
@@ -629,16 +691,17 @@ static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, co
 			default:
 				continue;
 			case DT_DIR:
-				memcpy(fullname + baselen + len, "/", 2);
+				memcpy(path + len, "/", 2);
 				len++;
-				switch (treat_directory(dir, fullname, baselen + len, simplify)) {
+				switch (treat_directory(dir, path, len, simplify)) {
 				case show_directory:
-					if (exclude != dir->show_ignored)
+					if (exclude != !!(dir->flags
+							& DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
 						continue;
 					break;
 				case recurse_into_directory:
 					contents += read_directory_recursive(dir,
-						fullname, fullname, baselen + len, 0, simplify);
+						path, len, 0, simplify);
 					continue;
 				case ignore_directory:
 					continue;
@@ -652,7 +715,7 @@ static int read_directory_recursive(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, co
 			if (check_only)
 				goto exit_early;
 			else
-				dir_add_name(dir, fullname, baselen + len);
+				dir_add_name(dir, path, len);
 		}
 exit_early:
 		closedir(fdir);
@@ -680,7 +743,7 @@ static int simple_length(const char *match)
 	for (;;) {
 		unsigned char c = *match++;
 		len++;
-		if (isspecial(c))
+		if (c == '\0' || is_glob_special(c))
 			return len;
 	}
 }
@@ -715,15 +778,15 @@ static void free_simplify(struct path_simplify *simplify)
 	free(simplify);
 }
 
-int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, const char *base, int baselen, const char **pathspec)
+int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec)
 {
 	struct path_simplify *simplify;
 
-	if (has_symlink_leading_path(strlen(path), path))
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
 		return dir->nr;
 
 	simplify = create_simplify(pathspec);
-	read_directory_recursive(dir, path, base, baselen, 0, simplify);
+	read_directory_recursive(dir, path, len, 0, simplify);
 	free_simplify(simplify);
 	qsort(dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(struct dir_entry *), cmp_name);
 	qsort(dir->ignored, dir->ignored_nr, sizeof(struct dir_entry *), cmp_name);
@@ -757,7 +820,7 @@ char *get_relative_cwd(char *buffer, int size, const char *dir)
 	if (!dir)
 		return NULL;
 	if (!getcwd(buffer, size))
-		die("can't find the current directory: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("can't find the current directory");
 
 	if (!is_absolute_path(dir))
 		dir = make_absolute_path(dir);
@@ -779,12 +842,39 @@ int is_inside_dir(const char *dir)
 	return get_relative_cwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer), dir) != NULL;
 }
 
-int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int only_empty)
+int is_empty_dir(const char *path)
 {
-	DIR *dir = opendir(path->buf);
+	DIR *dir = opendir(path);
+	struct dirent *e;
+	int ret = 1;
+
+	if (!dir)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
+		if (!is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name)) {
+			ret = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+	closedir(dir);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int flag)
+{
+	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *e;
 	int ret = 0, original_len = path->len, len;
+	int only_empty = (flag & REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY);
+	unsigned char submodule_head[20];
 
+	if ((flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT) &&
+	    !resolve_gitlink_ref(path->buf, "HEAD", submodule_head))
+		/* Do not descend and nuke a nested git work tree. */
+		return 0;
+
+	dir = opendir(path->buf);
 	if (!dir)
 		return -1;
 	if (path->buf[original_len - 1] != '/')
@@ -793,10 +883,8 @@ int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int only_empty)
 	len = path->len;
 	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		struct stat st;
-		if ((e->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-		    ((e->d_name[1] == 0) ||
-		     ((e->d_name[1] == '.') && e->d_name[2] == 0)))
-			continue; /* "." and ".." */
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
+			continue;
 
 		strbuf_setlen(path, len);
 		strbuf_addstr(path, e->d_name);
diff --git a/dir.h b/dir.h
index 768425af0..320b6a2f3 100644
--- a/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@ -34,11 +34,13 @@ struct exclude_stack {
 struct dir_struct {
 	int nr, alloc;
 	int ignored_nr, ignored_alloc;
-	unsigned int show_ignored:1,
-		     show_other_directories:1,
-		     hide_empty_directories:1,
-		     no_gitlinks:1,
-		     collect_ignored:1;
+	enum {
+		DIR_SHOW_IGNORED = 1<<0,
+		DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES = 1<<1,
+		DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES = 1<<2,
+		DIR_NO_GITLINKS = 1<<3,
+		DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED = 1<<4
+	} flags;
 	struct dir_entry **entries;
 	struct dir_entry **ignored;
 
@@ -59,14 +61,13 @@ struct dir_struct {
 	char basebuf[PATH_MAX];
 };
 
-extern int common_prefix(const char **pathspec);
-
 #define MATCHED_RECURSIVELY 1
 #define MATCHED_FNMATCH 2
 #define MATCHED_EXACTLY 3
 extern int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen, int prefix, char *seen);
 
-extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, const char *base, int baselen, const char **pathspec);
+extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec);
+extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec);
 
 extern int excluded(struct dir_struct *, const char *, int *);
 extern void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *, const char *fname);
@@ -77,8 +78,20 @@ extern int file_exists(const char *);
 extern char *get_relative_cwd(char *buffer, int size, const char *dir);
 extern int is_inside_dir(const char *dir);
 
+static inline int is_dot_or_dotdot(const char *name)
+{
+	return (name[0] == '.' &&
+		(name[1] == '\0' ||
+		 (name[1] == '.' && name[2] == '\0')));
+}
+
+extern int is_empty_dir(const char *dir);
+
 extern void setup_standard_excludes(struct dir_struct *dir);
-extern int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int only_empty);
+
+#define REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY 01
+#define REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT 02
+extern int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int flag);
 
 /* tries to remove the path with empty directories along it, ignores ENOENT */
 extern int remove_path(const char *path);
diff --git a/editor.c b/editor.c
index 4d469d076..615f5754d 100644
--- a/editor.c
+++ b/editor.c
@@ -2,24 +2,38 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
-int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *env)
+#ifndef DEFAULT_EDITOR
+#define DEFAULT_EDITOR "vi"
+#endif
+
+const char *git_editor(void)
 {
-	const char *editor, *terminal;
+	const char *editor = getenv("GIT_EDITOR");
+	const char *terminal = getenv("TERM");
+	int terminal_is_dumb = !terminal || !strcmp(terminal, "dumb");
 
-	editor = getenv("GIT_EDITOR");
 	if (!editor && editor_program)
 		editor = editor_program;
-	if (!editor)
+	if (!editor && !terminal_is_dumb)
 		editor = getenv("VISUAL");
 	if (!editor)
 		editor = getenv("EDITOR");
 
-	terminal = getenv("TERM");
-	if (!editor && (!terminal || !strcmp(terminal, "dumb")))
-		return error("Terminal is dumb but no VISUAL nor EDITOR defined.");
+	if (!editor && terminal_is_dumb)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (!editor)
+		editor = DEFAULT_EDITOR;
+
+	return editor;
+}
+
+int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *env)
+{
+	const char *editor = git_editor();
 
 	if (!editor)
-		editor = "vi";
+		return error("Terminal is dumb, but EDITOR unset");
 
 	if (strcmp(editor, ":")) {
 		size_t len = strlen(editor);
@@ -28,7 +42,7 @@ int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *en
 		const char *args[6];
 		struct strbuf arg0 = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-		if (strcspn(editor, "$ \t'") != len) {
+		if (strcspn(editor, "|&;<>()$`\\\"' \t\n*?[#~=%") != len) {
 			/* there are specials */
 			strbuf_addf(&arg0, "%s \"$@\"", editor);
 			args[i++] = "sh";
diff --git a/entry.c b/entry.c
index aa2ee46a8..06d24f14c 100644
--- a/entry.c
+++ b/entry.c
@@ -1,48 +1,43 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
-static void create_directories(const char *path, const struct checkout *state)
+static void create_directories(const char *path, int path_len,
+			       const struct checkout *state)
 {
-	int len = strlen(path);
-	char *buf = xmalloc(len + 1);
-	const char *slash = path;
-
-	while ((slash = strchr(slash+1, '/')) != NULL) {
-		struct stat st;
-		int stat_status;
-
-		len = slash - path;
-		memcpy(buf, path, len);
+	char *buf = xmalloc(path_len + 1);
+	int len = 0;
+
+	while (len < path_len) {
+		do {
+			buf[len] = path[len];
+			len++;
+		} while (len < path_len && path[len] != '/');
+		if (len >= path_len)
+			break;
 		buf[len] = 0;
 
-		if (len <= state->base_dir_len)
-			/*
-			 * checkout-index --prefix=<dir>; <dir> is
-			 * allowed to be a symlink to an existing
-			 * directory.
-			 */
-			stat_status = stat(buf, &st);
-		else
-			/*
-			 * if there currently is a symlink, we would
-			 * want to replace it with a real directory.
-			 */
-			stat_status = lstat(buf, &st);
-
-		if (!stat_status && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+		/*
+		 * For 'checkout-index --prefix=<dir>', <dir> is
+		 * allowed to be a symlink to an existing directory,
+		 * and we set 'state->base_dir_len' below, such that
+		 * we test the path components of the prefix with the
+		 * stat() function instead of the lstat() function.
+		 */
+		if (has_dirs_only_path(buf, len, state->base_dir_len))
 			continue; /* ok, it is already a directory. */
 
 		/*
-		 * We know stat_status == 0 means something exists
-		 * there and this mkdir would fail, but that is an
-		 * error codepath; we do not care, as we unlink and
-		 * mkdir again in such a case.
+		 * If this mkdir() would fail, it could be that there
+		 * is already a symlink or something else exists
+		 * there, therefore we then try to unlink it and try
+		 * one more time to create the directory.
 		 */
 		if (mkdir(buf, 0777)) {
 			if (errno == EEXIST && state->force &&
-			    !unlink(buf) && !mkdir(buf, 0777))
+			    !unlink_or_warn(buf) && !mkdir(buf, 0777))
 				continue;
-			die("cannot create directory at %s", buf);
+			die_errno("cannot create directory at '%s'", buf);
 		}
 	}
 	free(buf);
@@ -56,27 +51,25 @@ static void remove_subtree(const char *path)
 	char *name;
 
 	if (!dir)
-		die("cannot opendir %s (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot opendir '%s'", path);
 	strcpy(pathbuf, path);
 	name = pathbuf + strlen(path);
 	*name++ = '/';
 	while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		struct stat st;
-		if ((de->d_name[0] == '.') &&
-		    ((de->d_name[1] == 0) ||
-		     ((de->d_name[1] == '.') && de->d_name[2] == 0)))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
 		strcpy(name, de->d_name);
 		if (lstat(pathbuf, &st))
-			die("cannot lstat %s (%s)", pathbuf, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("cannot lstat '%s'", pathbuf);
 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 			remove_subtree(pathbuf);
 		else if (unlink(pathbuf))
-			die("cannot unlink %s (%s)", pathbuf, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("cannot unlink '%s'", pathbuf);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
 	if (rmdir(path))
-		die("cannot rmdir %s (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot rmdir '%s'", path);
 }
 
 static int create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode)
@@ -85,7 +78,7 @@ static int create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode)
 	return open(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, mode);
 }
 
-static void *read_blob_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *path, unsigned long *size)
+static void *read_blob_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
 	void *new = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, size);
@@ -100,36 +93,52 @@ static void *read_blob_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *path, unsigned
 
 static int write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, char *path, const struct checkout *state, int to_tempfile)
 {
-	int fd;
-	long wrote;
-
-	switch (ce->ce_mode & S_IFMT) {
-		char *new;
-		struct strbuf buf;
-		unsigned long size;
+	unsigned int ce_mode_s_ifmt = ce->ce_mode & S_IFMT;
+	int fd, ret, fstat_done = 0;
+	char *new;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned long size;
+	size_t wrote, newsize = 0;
+	struct stat st;
 
+	switch (ce_mode_s_ifmt) {
 	case S_IFREG:
-		new = read_blob_entry(ce, path, &size);
+	case S_IFLNK:
+		new = read_blob_entry(ce, &size);
 		if (!new)
 			return error("git checkout-index: unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
 				path, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
 
+		if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFLNK && has_symlinks && !to_tempfile) {
+			ret = symlink(new, path);
+			free(new);
+			if (ret)
+				return error("git checkout-index: unable to create symlink %s (%s)",
+					     path, strerror(errno));
+			break;
+		}
+
 		/*
 		 * Convert from git internal format to working tree format
 		 */
-		strbuf_init(&buf, 0);
-		if (convert_to_working_tree(ce->name, new, size, &buf)) {
-			size_t newsize = 0;
+		if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG &&
+		    convert_to_working_tree(ce->name, new, size, &buf)) {
 			free(new);
 			new = strbuf_detach(&buf, &newsize);
 			size = newsize;
 		}
 
 		if (to_tempfile) {
-			strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
+			if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG)
+				strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
+			else
+				strcpy(path, ".merge_link_XXXXXX");
 			fd = mkstemp(path);
-		} else
+		} else if (ce_mode_s_ifmt == S_IFREG) {
 			fd = create_file(path, ce->ce_mode);
+		} else {
+			fd = create_file(path, 0666);
+		}
 		if (fd < 0) {
 			free(new);
 			return error("git checkout-index: unable to create file %s (%s)",
@@ -137,41 +146,17 @@ static int write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, char *path, const struct checkout
 		}
 
 		wrote = write_in_full(fd, new, size);
+		/* use fstat() only when path == ce->name */
+		if (fstat_is_reliable() &&
+		    state->refresh_cache && !to_tempfile && !state->base_dir_len) {
+			fstat(fd, &st);
+			fstat_done = 1;
+		}
 		close(fd);
 		free(new);
 		if (wrote != size)
 			return error("git checkout-index: unable to write file %s", path);
 		break;
-	case S_IFLNK:
-		new = read_blob_entry(ce, path, &size);
-		if (!new)
-			return error("git checkout-index: unable to read sha1 file of %s (%s)",
-				path, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
-		if (to_tempfile || !has_symlinks) {
-			if (to_tempfile) {
-				strcpy(path, ".merge_link_XXXXXX");
-				fd = mkstemp(path);
-			} else
-				fd = create_file(path, 0666);
-			if (fd < 0) {
-				free(new);
-				return error("git checkout-index: unable to create "
-						 "file %s (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
-			}
-			wrote = write_in_full(fd, new, size);
-			close(fd);
-			free(new);
-			if (wrote != size)
-				return error("git checkout-index: unable to write file %s",
-					path);
-		} else {
-			wrote = symlink(new, path);
-			free(new);
-			if (wrote)
-				return error("git checkout-index: unable to create "
-						 "symlink %s (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
-		}
-		break;
 	case S_IFGITLINK:
 		if (to_tempfile)
 			return error("git checkout-index: cannot create temporary subproject %s", path);
@@ -183,13 +168,30 @@ static int write_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, char *path, const struct checkout
 	}
 
 	if (state->refresh_cache) {
-		struct stat st;
-		lstat(ce->name, &st);
+		if (!fstat_done)
+			lstat(ce->name, &st);
 		fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * This is like 'lstat()', except it refuses to follow symlinks
+ * in the path, after skipping "skiplen".
+ */
+int check_path(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st, int skiplen)
+{
+	const char *slash = path + len;
+
+	while (path < slash && *slash != '/')
+		slash--;
+	if (!has_dirs_only_path(path, slash - path, skiplen)) {
+		errno = ENOENT;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return lstat(path, st);
+}
+
 int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const struct checkout *state, char *topath)
 {
 	static char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
@@ -201,8 +203,9 @@ int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const struct checkout *state, char *t
 
 	memcpy(path, state->base_dir, len);
 	strcpy(path + len, ce->name);
+	len += ce_namelen(ce);
 
-	if (!lstat(path, &st)) {
+	if (!check_path(path, len, &st, state->base_dir_len)) {
 		unsigned changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID);
 		if (!changed)
 			return 0;
@@ -229,6 +232,6 @@ int checkout_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, const struct checkout *state, char *t
 			return error("unable to unlink old '%s' (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
 	} else if (state->not_new)
 		return 0;
-	create_directories(path, state);
+	create_directories(path, len, state);
 	return write_entry(ce, path, state, 0);
 }
diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c
index e278bce0e..5171d9f9a 100644
--- a/environment.c
+++ b/environment.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ const char *git_commit_encoding;
 const char *git_log_output_encoding;
 int shared_repository = PERM_UMASK;
 const char *apply_default_whitespace;
+const char *apply_default_ignorewhitespace;
 int zlib_compression_level = Z_BEST_SPEED;
 int core_compression_level;
 int core_compression_seen;
@@ -38,10 +39,18 @@ int pager_use_color = 1;
 const char *editor_program;
 const char *excludes_file;
 int auto_crlf = 0;	/* 1: both ways, -1: only when adding git objects */
+int read_replace_refs = 1;
 enum safe_crlf safe_crlf = SAFE_CRLF_WARN;
 unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg = WS_DEFAULT_RULE;
 enum branch_track git_branch_track = BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE;
 enum rebase_setup_type autorebase = AUTOREBASE_NEVER;
+enum push_default_type push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING;
+#ifndef OBJECT_CREATION_MODE
+#define OBJECT_CREATION_MODE OBJECT_CREATION_USES_HARDLINKS
+#endif
+enum object_creation_mode object_creation_mode = OBJECT_CREATION_MODE;
+char *notes_ref_name;
+int grafts_replace_parents = 1;
 
 /* Parallel index stat data preload? */
 int core_preload_index = 0;
@@ -75,6 +84,8 @@ static void setup_git_env(void)
 	git_graft_file = getenv(GRAFT_ENVIRONMENT);
 	if (!git_graft_file)
 		git_graft_file = git_pathdup("info/grafts");
+	if (getenv(NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT))
+		read_replace_refs = 0;
 }
 
 int is_bare_repository(void)
diff --git a/exec_cmd.c b/exec_cmd.c
index cdd35f919..408e4e55e 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.c
+++ b/exec_cmd.c
@@ -9,22 +9,62 @@ static const char *argv0_path;
 
 const char *system_path(const char *path)
 {
-	if (!is_absolute_path(path) && argv0_path) {
-		struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&d, "%s/%s", argv0_path, path);
-		path = strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
+#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	static const char *prefix;
+#else
+	static const char *prefix = PREFIX;
+#endif
+	struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (is_absolute_path(path))
+		return path;
+
+#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	assert(argv0_path);
+	assert(is_absolute_path(argv0_path));
+
+	if (!prefix &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, GIT_EXEC_PATH)) &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, BINDIR)) &&
+	    !(prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv0_path, "git"))) {
+		prefix = PREFIX;
+		fprintf(stderr, "RUNTIME_PREFIX requested, "
+				"but prefix computation failed.  "
+				"Using static fallback '%s'.\n", prefix);
 	}
+#endif
+
+	strbuf_addf(&d, "%s/%s", prefix, path);
+	path = strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
 	return path;
 }
 
-void git_set_argv0_path(const char *path)
+const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *argv0)
 {
-	argv0_path = path;
+	const char *slash;
+
+	if (!argv0 || !*argv0)
+		return NULL;
+	slash = argv0 + strlen(argv0);
+
+	while (argv0 <= slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash))
+		slash--;
+
+	if (slash >= argv0) {
+		argv0_path = xstrndup(argv0, slash - argv0);
+		return slash + 1;
+	}
+
+	return argv0;
 }
 
 void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path)
 {
 	argv_exec_path = exec_path;
+	/*
+	 * Propagate this setting to external programs.
+	 */
+	setenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT, exec_path, 1);
 }
 
 
@@ -61,9 +101,7 @@ void setup_path(void)
 	const char *old_path = getenv("PATH");
 	struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	add_path(&new_path, argv_exec_path);
-	add_path(&new_path, getenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT));
-	add_path(&new_path, system_path(GIT_EXEC_PATH));
+	add_path(&new_path, git_exec_path());
 	add_path(&new_path, argv0_path);
 
 	if (old_path)
diff --git a/exec_cmd.h b/exec_cmd.h
index 594f96138..e2b546b61 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.h
+++ b/exec_cmd.h
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 #define GIT_EXEC_CMD_H
 
 extern void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path);
-extern void git_set_argv0_path(const char *path);
-extern const char* git_exec_path(void);
+extern const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *path);
+extern const char *git_exec_path(void);
 extern void setup_path(void);
 extern const char **prepare_git_cmd(const char **argv);
 extern int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv); /* NULL terminated */
diff --git a/fast-import.c b/fast-import.c
index 3c035a578..60d0aa2bb 100644
--- a/fast-import.c
+++ b/fast-import.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /*
+(See Documentation/git-fast-import.txt for maintained documentation.)
 Format of STDIN stream:
 
   stream ::= cmd*;
@@ -18,11 +19,11 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
 
   new_commit ::= 'commit' sp ref_str lf
     mark?
-    ('author' sp name '<' email '>' when lf)?
-    'committer' sp name '<' email '>' when lf
+    ('author' (sp name)? sp '<' email '>' sp when lf)?
+    'committer' (sp name)? sp '<' email '>' sp when lf
     commit_msg
-    ('from' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf)?
-    ('merge' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf)*
+    ('from' sp committish lf)?
+    ('merge' sp committish lf)*
     file_change*
     lf?;
   commit_msg ::= data;
@@ -40,15 +41,18 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
   file_obm ::= 'M' sp mode sp (hexsha1 | idnum) sp path_str lf;
   file_inm ::= 'M' sp mode sp 'inline' sp path_str lf
     data;
+  note_obm ::= 'N' sp (hexsha1 | idnum) sp committish lf;
+  note_inm ::= 'N' sp 'inline' sp committish lf
+    data;
 
   new_tag ::= 'tag' sp tag_str lf
-    'from' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf
-    'tagger' sp name '<' email '>' when lf
+    'from' sp committish lf
+    ('tagger' (sp name)? sp '<' email '>' sp when lf)?
     tag_msg;
   tag_msg ::= data;
 
   reset_branch ::= 'reset' sp ref_str lf
-    ('from' sp (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum) lf)?
+    ('from' sp committish lf)?
     lf?;
 
   checkpoint ::= 'checkpoint' lf
@@ -75,7 +79,7 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
     delim lf;
 
      # note: declen indicates the length of binary_data in bytes.
-     # declen does not include the lf preceeding the binary data.
+     # declen does not include the lf preceding the binary data.
      #
   exact_data ::= 'data' sp declen lf
     binary_data;
@@ -87,6 +91,7 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
      # stream formatting is: \, " and LF.  Otherwise these values
      # are UTF8.
      #
+  committish  ::= (ref_str | hexsha1 | sha1exp_str | idnum);
   ref_str     ::= ref;
   sha1exp_str ::= sha1exp;
   tag_str     ::= tag;
@@ -132,8 +137,8 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
      # always escapes the related input from comment processing.
      #
      # In case it is not clear, the '#' that starts the comment
-     # must be the first character on that the line (an lf have
-     # preceeded it).
+     # must be the first character on that line (an lf
+     # preceded it).
      #
   comment ::= '#' not_lf* lf;
   not_lf  ::= # Any byte that is not ASCII newline (LF);
@@ -150,6 +155,7 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #define PACK_ID_BITS 16
 #define MAX_PACK_ID ((1<<PACK_ID_BITS)-1)
@@ -210,7 +216,7 @@ struct tree_content;
 struct tree_entry
 {
 	struct tree_content *tree;
-	struct atom_str* name;
+	struct atom_str *name;
 	struct tree_entry_ms
 	{
 		uint16_t mode;
@@ -311,7 +317,7 @@ static unsigned int object_entry_alloc = 5000;
 static struct object_entry_pool *blocks;
 static struct object_entry *object_table[1 << 16];
 static struct mark_set *marks;
-static const char* mark_file;
+static const char *mark_file;
 
 /* Our last blob */
 static struct last_object last_blob = { STRBUF_INIT, 0, 0, 0 };
@@ -554,6 +560,10 @@ static void *pool_alloc(size_t len)
 	struct mem_pool *p;
 	void *r;
 
+	/* round up to a 'uintmax_t' alignment */
+	if (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1))
+		len += sizeof(uintmax_t) - (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1));
+
 	for (p = mem_pool; p; p = p->next_pool)
 		if ((p->end - p->next_free >= len))
 			break;
@@ -572,9 +582,6 @@ static void *pool_alloc(size_t len)
 	}
 
 	r = p->next_free;
-	/* round out to a 'uintmax_t' alignment */
-	if (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1))
-		len += sizeof(uintmax_t) - (len & (sizeof(uintmax_t) - 1));
 	p->next_free += len;
 	return r;
 }
@@ -669,7 +676,7 @@ static struct branch *lookup_branch(const char *name)
 static struct branch *new_branch(const char *name)
 {
 	unsigned int hc = hc_str(name, strlen(name)) % branch_table_sz;
-	struct branch* b = lookup_branch(name);
+	struct branch *b = lookup_branch(name);
 
 	if (b)
 		die("Invalid attempt to create duplicate branch: %s", name);
@@ -815,9 +822,8 @@ static void start_packfile(void)
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 	int pack_fd;
 
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-		"%s/pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-	pack_fd = xmkstemp(tmpfile);
+	pack_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+			      "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
 	p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p) + strlen(tmpfile) + 2);
 	strcpy(p->pack_name, tmpfile);
 	p->pack_fd = pack_fd;
@@ -867,7 +873,7 @@ static char *create_index(void)
 	/* Generate the fan-out array. */
 	c = idx;
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		struct object_entry **next = c;;
+		struct object_entry **next = c;
 		while (next < last) {
 			if ((*next)->sha1[0] != i)
 				break;
@@ -877,9 +883,8 @@ static char *create_index(void)
 		c = next;
 	}
 
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-		"%s/pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-	idx_fd = xmkstemp(tmpfile);
+	idx_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+			     "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
 	f = sha1fd(idx_fd, tmpfile);
 	sha1write(f, array, 256 * sizeof(int));
 	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
@@ -902,17 +907,12 @@ static char *keep_pack(char *curr_index_name)
 	static const char *keep_msg = "fast-import";
 	int keep_fd;
 
-	chmod(pack_data->pack_name, 0444);
-	chmod(curr_index_name, 0444);
-
-	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(pack_data->sha1));
-	keep_fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+	keep_fd = odb_pack_keep(name, sizeof(name), pack_data->sha1);
 	if (keep_fd < 0)
-		die("cannot create keep file");
+		die_errno("cannot create keep file");
 	write_or_die(keep_fd, keep_msg, strlen(keep_msg));
 	if (close(keep_fd))
-		die("failed to write keep file");
+		die_errno("failed to write keep file");
 
 	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.pack",
 		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(pack_data->sha1));
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ static void unkeep_all_packs(void)
 		struct packed_git *p = all_packs[k];
 		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
 			 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(p->sha1));
-		unlink(name);
+		unlink_or_warn(name);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -943,6 +943,7 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 {
 	struct packed_git *old_p = pack_data, *new_p;
 
+	clear_delta_base_cache();
 	if (object_count) {
 		char *idx_name;
 		int i;
@@ -956,7 +957,7 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 		close(pack_data->pack_fd);
 		idx_name = keep_pack(create_index());
 
-		/* Register the packfile with core git's machinary. */
+		/* Register the packfile with core git's machinery. */
 		new_p = add_packed_git(idx_name, strlen(idx_name), 1);
 		if (!new_p)
 			die("core git rejected index %s", idx_name);
@@ -982,8 +983,10 @@ static void end_packfile(void)
 
 		pack_id++;
 	}
-	else
-		unlink(old_p->pack_name);
+	else {
+		close(old_p->pack_fd);
+		unlink_or_warn(old_p->pack_name);
+	}
 	free(old_p);
 
 	/* We can't carry a delta across packfiles. */
@@ -1036,7 +1039,7 @@ static int store_object(
 	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	z_stream s;
 
-	hdrlen = sprintf((char*)hdr,"%s %lu", typename(type),
+	hdrlen = sprintf((char *)hdr,"%s %lu", typename(type),
 		(unsigned long)dat->len) + 1;
 	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
 	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
@@ -1218,7 +1221,7 @@ static const char *get_mode(const char *str, uint16_t *modep)
 
 static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 {
-	unsigned char* sha1 = root->versions[1].sha1;
+	unsigned char *sha1 = root->versions[1].sha1;
 	struct object_entry *myoe;
 	struct tree_content *t;
 	unsigned long size;
@@ -1259,8 +1262,8 @@ static void load_tree(struct tree_entry *root)
 		e->versions[0].mode = e->versions[1].mode;
 		e->name = to_atom(c, strlen(c));
 		c += e->name->str_len + 1;
-		hashcpy(e->versions[0].sha1, (unsigned char*)c);
-		hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, (unsigned char*)c);
+		hashcpy(e->versions[0].sha1, (unsigned char *)c);
+		hashcpy(e->versions[1].sha1, (unsigned char *)c);
 		c += 20;
 	}
 	free(buf);
@@ -1744,19 +1747,23 @@ static void parse_data(struct strbuf *sb)
 static int validate_raw_date(const char *src, char *result, int maxlen)
 {
 	const char *orig_src = src;
-	char *endp, sign;
+	char *endp;
+	unsigned long num;
+
+	errno = 0;
 
-	strtoul(src, &endp, 10);
-	if (endp == src || *endp != ' ')
+	num = strtoul(src, &endp, 10);
+	/* NEEDSWORK: perhaps check for reasonable values? */
+	if (errno || endp == src || *endp != ' ')
 		return -1;
 
 	src = endp + 1;
 	if (*src != '-' && *src != '+')
 		return -1;
-	sign = *src;
 
-	strtoul(src + 1, &endp, 10);
-	if (endp == src || *endp || (endp - orig_src) >= maxlen)
+	num = strtoul(src + 1, &endp, 10);
+	if (errno || endp == src + 1 || *endp || (endp - orig_src) >= maxlen ||
+	    1400 < num)
 		return -1;
 
 	strcpy(result, orig_src);
@@ -1866,12 +1873,13 @@ static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 	if (!p)
 		die("Corrupt mode: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	switch (mode) {
+	case 0644:
+	case 0755:
+		mode |= S_IFREG;
 	case S_IFREG | 0644:
 	case S_IFREG | 0755:
 	case S_IFLNK:
 	case S_IFGITLINK:
-	case 0644:
-	case 0755:
 		/* ok */
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -1938,7 +1946,7 @@ static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 			    typename(type), command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
-	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, p, sha1, S_IFREG | mode, NULL);
+	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, p, sha1, mode, NULL);
 }
 
 static void file_change_d(struct branch *b)
@@ -2002,6 +2010,80 @@ static void file_change_cr(struct branch *b, int rename)
 		leaf.tree);
 }
 
+static void note_change_n(struct branch *b)
+{
+	const char *p = command_buf.buf + 2;
+	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct object_entry *oe = oe;
+	struct branch *s;
+	unsigned char sha1[20], commit_sha1[20];
+	uint16_t inline_data = 0;
+
+	/* <dataref> or 'inline' */
+	if (*p == ':') {
+		char *x;
+		oe = find_mark(strtoumax(p + 1, &x, 10));
+		hashcpy(sha1, oe->sha1);
+		p = x;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(p, "inline")) {
+		inline_data = 1;
+		p += 6;
+	} else {
+		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
+			die("Invalid SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		oe = find_object(sha1);
+		p += 40;
+	}
+	if (*p++ != ' ')
+		die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+
+	/* <committish> */
+	s = lookup_branch(p);
+	if (s) {
+		hashcpy(commit_sha1, s->sha1);
+	} else if (*p == ':') {
+		uintmax_t commit_mark = strtoumax(p + 1, NULL, 10);
+		struct object_entry *commit_oe = find_mark(commit_mark);
+		if (commit_oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", commit_mark);
+		hashcpy(commit_sha1, commit_oe->sha1);
+	} else if (!get_sha1(p, commit_sha1)) {
+		unsigned long size;
+		char *buf = read_object_with_reference(commit_sha1,
+			commit_type, &size, commit_sha1);
+		if (!buf || size < 46)
+			die("Not a valid commit: %s", p);
+		free(buf);
+	} else
+		die("Invalid ref name or SHA1 expression: %s", p);
+
+	if (inline_data) {
+		static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (p != uq.buf) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&uq, p);
+			p = uq.buf;
+		}
+		read_next_command();
+		parse_data(&buf);
+		store_object(OBJ_BLOB, &buf, &last_blob, sha1, 0);
+	} else if (oe) {
+		if (oe->type != OBJ_BLOB)
+			die("Not a blob (actually a %s): %s",
+				typename(oe->type), command_buf.buf);
+	} else {
+		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+		if (type < 0)
+			die("Blob not found: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+			die("Not a blob (actually a %s): %s",
+			    typename(type), command_buf.buf);
+	}
+
+	tree_content_set(&b->branch_tree, sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1), sha1,
+		S_IFREG | 0644, NULL);
+}
+
 static void file_change_deleteall(struct branch *b)
 {
 	release_tree_content_recursive(b->branch_tree.tree);
@@ -2171,6 +2253,8 @@ static void parse_new_commit(void)
 			file_change_cr(b, 1);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "C "))
 			file_change_cr(b, 0);
+		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "N "))
+			note_change_n(b);
 		else if (!strcmp("deleteall", command_buf.buf))
 			file_change_deleteall(b);
 		else {
@@ -2221,6 +2305,7 @@ static void parse_new_tag(void)
 	struct tag *t;
 	uintmax_t from_mark = 0;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	enum object_type type;
 
 	/* Obtain the new tag name from the rest of our command */
 	sp = strchr(command_buf.buf, ' ') + 1;
@@ -2241,19 +2326,18 @@ static void parse_new_tag(void)
 	s = lookup_branch(from);
 	if (s) {
 		hashcpy(sha1, s->sha1);
+		type = OBJ_COMMIT;
 	} else if (*from == ':') {
 		struct object_entry *oe;
 		from_mark = strtoumax(from + 1, NULL, 10);
 		oe = find_mark(from_mark);
-		if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-			die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", from_mark);
+		type = oe->type;
 		hashcpy(sha1, oe->sha1);
 	} else if (!get_sha1(from, sha1)) {
 		unsigned long size;
 		char *buf;
 
-		buf = read_object_with_reference(sha1,
-			commit_type, &size, sha1);
+		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf || size < 46)
 			die("Not a valid commit: %s", from);
 		free(buf);
@@ -2262,23 +2346,27 @@ static void parse_new_tag(void)
 	read_next_command();
 
 	/* tagger ... */
-	if (prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "tagger "))
-		die("Expected tagger command, got %s", command_buf.buf);
-	tagger = parse_ident(command_buf.buf + 7);
+	if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "tagger ")) {
+		tagger = parse_ident(command_buf.buf + 7);
+		read_next_command();
+	} else
+		tagger = NULL;
 
 	/* tag payload/message */
-	read_next_command();
 	parse_data(&msg);
 
 	/* build the tag object */
 	strbuf_reset(&new_data);
+
 	strbuf_addf(&new_data,
-		"object %s\n"
-		"type %s\n"
-		"tag %s\n"
-		"tagger %s\n"
-		"\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(sha1), commit_type, t->name, tagger);
+		    "object %s\n"
+		    "type %s\n"
+		    "tag %s\n",
+		    sha1_to_hex(sha1), typename(type), t->name);
+	if (tagger)
+		strbuf_addf(&new_data,
+			    "tagger %s\n", tagger);
+	strbuf_addch(&new_data, '\n');
 	strbuf_addbuf(&new_data, &msg);
 	free(tagger);
 
@@ -2337,7 +2425,7 @@ static void import_marks(const char *input_file)
 	char line[512];
 	FILE *f = fopen(input_file, "r");
 	if (!f)
-		die("cannot read %s: %s", input_file, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot read '%s'", input_file);
 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
 		uintmax_t mark;
 		char *end;
@@ -2395,6 +2483,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned int i, show_stats = 1;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(fast_import_usage);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 	git_config(git_pack_config, NULL);
 	if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
@@ -2441,7 +2534,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 				fclose(pack_edges);
 			pack_edges = fopen(a + 20, "a");
 			if (!pack_edges)
-				die("Cannot open %s: %s", a + 20, strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("Cannot open '%s'", a + 20);
 		} else if (!strcmp(a, "--force"))
 			force_update = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(a, "--quiet"))
diff --git a/fetch-pack.h b/fetch-pack.h
index 8bd9c3256..fbe85ac05 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.h
+++ b/fetch-pack.h
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ struct fetch_pack_args
 		fetch_all:1,
 		verbose:1,
 		no_progress:1,
-		include_tag:1;
+		include_tag:1,
+		stateless_rpc:1;
 };
 
 struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
diff --git a/fsck.c b/fsck.c
index 97f76c581..89278c145 100644
--- a/fsck.c
+++ b/fsck.c
@@ -148,20 +148,17 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	unsigned o_mode;
 	const char *o_name;
-	const unsigned char *o_sha1;
 
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, item->buffer, item->size);
 
 	o_mode = 0;
 	o_name = NULL;
-	o_sha1 = NULL;
 
 	while (desc.size) {
 		unsigned mode;
 		const char *name;
-		const unsigned char *sha1;
 
-		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
+		tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
 
 		if (strchr(name, '/'))
 			has_full_path = 1;
@@ -207,7 +204,6 @@ static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 
 		o_mode = mode;
 		o_name = name;
-		o_sha1 = sha1;
 	}
 
 	retval = 0;
@@ -233,7 +229,7 @@ static int fsck_commit(struct commit *commit, fsck_error error_func)
 	struct commit_graft *graft;
 	int parents = 0;
 
-	if (!commit->date)
+	if (commit->date == ULONG_MAX)
 		return error_func(&commit->object, FSCK_ERROR, "invalid author/committer line");
 
 	if (memcmp(buffer, "tree ", 5))
diff --git a/fsck.h b/fsck.h
index 990ee0233..1e4f52731 100644
--- a/fsck.h
+++ b/fsck.h
@@ -17,13 +17,14 @@ typedef int (*fsck_walk_func)(struct object *obj, int type, void *data);
 /* callback for fsck_object, type is FSCK_ERROR or FSCK_WARN */
 typedef int (*fsck_error)(struct object *obj, int type, const char *err, ...);
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 int fsck_error_function(struct object *obj, int type, const char *fmt, ...);
 
 /* descend in all linked child objects
  * the return value is:
  *    -1	error in processing the object
  *    <0	return value of the callback, which lead to an abort
- *    >0	return value of the first sigaled error >0 (in the case of no other errors)
+ *    >0	return value of the first signaled error >0 (in the case of no other errors)
  *    0		everything OK
  */
 int fsck_walk(struct object *obj, fsck_walk_func walk, void *data);
diff --git a/git-add--interactive.perl b/git-add--interactive.perl
index b0223c341..cd43c3491 100755
--- a/git-add--interactive.perl
+++ b/git-add--interactive.perl
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 use strict;
 use Git;
 
+binmode(STDOUT, ":raw");
+
 my $repo = Git->repository();
 
 my $menu_use_color = $repo->get_colorbool('color.interactive');
@@ -12,6 +14,13 @@ my ($prompt_color, $header_color, $help_color) =
 		$repo->get_color('color.interactive.header', 'bold'),
 		$repo->get_color('color.interactive.help', 'red bold'),
 	) : ();
+my $error_color = ();
+if ($menu_use_color) {
+	my $help_color_spec = ($repo->config('color.interactive.help') or
+				'red bold');
+	$error_color = $repo->get_color('color.interactive.error',
+					$help_color_spec);
+}
 
 my $diff_use_color = $repo->get_colorbool('color.diff');
 my ($fraginfo_color) =
@@ -33,6 +42,17 @@ my ($diff_new_color) =
 
 my $normal_color = $repo->get_color("", "reset");
 
+my $use_readkey = 0;
+sub ReadMode;
+sub ReadKey;
+if ($repo->config_bool("interactive.singlekey")) {
+	eval {
+		require Term::ReadKey;
+		Term::ReadKey->import;
+		$use_readkey = 1;
+	};
+}
+
 sub colored {
 	my $color = shift;
 	my $string = join("", @_);
@@ -52,6 +72,79 @@ sub colored {
 
 # command line options
 my $patch_mode;
+my $patch_mode_revision;
+
+sub apply_patch;
+sub apply_patch_for_checkout_commit;
+sub apply_patch_for_stash;
+
+my %patch_modes = (
+	'stage' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-files -p',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply --cached', @_; },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply --cached',
+		VERB => 'Stage',
+		TARGET => '',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'staging',
+		FILTER => 'file-only',
+	},
+	'stash' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-index -p HEAD',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply --cached', @_; },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply --cached',
+		VERB => 'Stash',
+		TARGET => '',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'stashing',
+		FILTER => undef,
+	},
+	'reset_head' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-index -p --cached',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply -R --cached', @_; },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply -R --cached',
+		VERB => 'Unstage',
+		TARGET => '',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'unstaging',
+		FILTER => 'index-only',
+	},
+	'reset_nothead' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-index -R -p --cached',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply --cached', @_; },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply --cached',
+		VERB => 'Apply',
+		TARGET => ' to index',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'applying',
+		FILTER => 'index-only',
+	},
+	'checkout_index' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-files -p',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch 'apply -R', @_; },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply -R',
+		VERB => 'Discard',
+		TARGET => ' from worktree',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'discarding',
+		FILTER => 'file-only',
+	},
+	'checkout_head' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-index -p',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch_for_checkout_commit '-R', @_ },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply -R',
+		VERB => 'Discard',
+		TARGET => ' from index and worktree',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'discarding',
+		FILTER => undef,
+	},
+	'checkout_nothead' => {
+		DIFF => 'diff-index -R -p',
+		APPLY => sub { apply_patch_for_checkout_commit '', @_ },
+		APPLY_CHECK => 'apply',
+		VERB => 'Apply',
+		TARGET => ' to index and worktree',
+		PARTICIPLE => 'applying',
+		FILTER => undef,
+	},
+);
+
+my %patch_mode_flavour = %{$patch_modes{stage}};
 
 sub run_cmd_pipe {
 	if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' || $^O eq 'msys') {
@@ -73,6 +166,47 @@ if (!defined $GIT_DIR) {
 }
 chomp($GIT_DIR);
 
+my %cquote_map = (
+ "b" => chr(8),
+ "t" => chr(9),
+ "n" => chr(10),
+ "v" => chr(11),
+ "f" => chr(12),
+ "r" => chr(13),
+ "\\" => "\\",
+ "\042" => "\042",
+);
+
+sub unquote_path {
+	local ($_) = @_;
+	my ($retval, $remainder);
+	if (!/^\042(.*)\042$/) {
+		return $_;
+	}
+	($_, $retval) = ($1, "");
+	while (/^([^\\]*)\\(.*)$/) {
+		$remainder = $2;
+		$retval .= $1;
+		for ($remainder) {
+			if (/^([0-3][0-7][0-7])(.*)$/) {
+				$retval .= chr(oct($1));
+				$_ = $2;
+				last;
+			}
+			if (/^([\\\042btnvfr])(.*)$/) {
+				$retval .= $cquote_map{$1};
+				$_ = $2;
+				last;
+			}
+			# This is malformed -- just return it as-is for now.
+			return $_[0];
+		}
+		$_ = $remainder;
+	}
+	$retval .= $_;
+	return $retval;
+}
+
 sub refresh {
 	my $fh;
 	open $fh, 'git update-index --refresh |'
@@ -86,7 +220,7 @@ sub refresh {
 sub list_untracked {
 	map {
 		chomp $_;
-		$_;
+		unquote_path($_);
 	}
 	run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard --), @ARGV);
 }
@@ -123,18 +257,27 @@ sub list_modified {
 
 	if (@ARGV) {
 		@tracked = map {
-			chomp $_; $_;
-		} run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --exclude-standard --), @ARGV);
+			chomp $_;
+			unquote_path($_);
+		} run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --), @ARGV);
 		return if (!@tracked);
 	}
 
-	my $reference = is_initial_commit() ? get_empty_tree() : 'HEAD';
+	my $reference;
+	if (defined $patch_mode_revision and $patch_mode_revision ne 'HEAD') {
+		$reference = $patch_mode_revision;
+	} elsif (is_initial_commit()) {
+		$reference = get_empty_tree();
+	} else {
+		$reference = 'HEAD';
+	}
 	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-index --cached
 			     --numstat --summary), $reference,
 			     '--', @tracked)) {
 		if (($add, $del, $file) =
 		    /^([-\d]+)	([-\d]+)	(.*)/) {
 			my ($change, $bin);
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			if ($add eq '-' && $del eq '-') {
 				$change = 'binary';
 				$bin = 1;
@@ -150,6 +293,7 @@ sub list_modified {
 		}
 		elsif (($adddel, $file) =
 		       /^ (create|delete) mode [0-7]+ (.*)$/) {
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			$data{$file}{INDEX_ADDDEL} = $adddel;
 		}
 	}
@@ -157,6 +301,7 @@ sub list_modified {
 	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --numstat --summary --), @tracked)) {
 		if (($add, $del, $file) =
 		    /^([-\d]+)	([-\d]+)	(.*)/) {
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			if (!exists $data{$file}) {
 				$data{$file} = +{
 					INDEX => 'unchanged',
@@ -178,6 +323,7 @@ sub list_modified {
 		}
 		elsif (($adddel, $file) =
 		       /^ (create|delete) mode [0-7]+ (.*)$/) {
+			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			$data{$file}{FILE_ADDDEL} = $adddel;
 		}
 	}
@@ -284,7 +430,8 @@ sub find_unique_prefixes {
 			}
 			%search = %{$search{$letter}};
 		}
-		if ($soft_limit && $j + 1 > $soft_limit) {
+		if (ord($letters[0]) > 127 ||
+		    ($soft_limit && $j + 1 > $soft_limit)) {
 			$prefix = undef;
 			$remainder = $ret;
 		}
@@ -325,6 +472,10 @@ sub highlight_prefix {
 	return "$prompt_color$prefix$normal_color$remainder";
 }
 
+sub error_msg {
+	print STDERR colored $error_color, @_;
+}
+
 sub list_and_choose {
 	my ($opts, @stuff) = @_;
 	my (@chosen, @return);
@@ -420,12 +571,12 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 			else {
 				$bottom = $top = find_unique($choice, @stuff);
 				if (!defined $bottom) {
-					print "Huh ($choice)?\n";
+					error_msg "Huh ($choice)?\n";
 					next TOPLOOP;
 				}
 			}
 			if ($opts->{SINGLETON} && $bottom != $top) {
-				print "Huh ($choice)?\n";
+				error_msg "Huh ($choice)?\n";
 				next TOPLOOP;
 			}
 			for ($i = $bottom-1; $i <= $top-1; $i++) {
@@ -542,18 +693,31 @@ sub add_untracked_cmd {
 	print "\n";
 }
 
+sub run_git_apply {
+	my $cmd = shift;
+	my $fh;
+	open $fh, '| git ' . $cmd;
+	print $fh @_;
+	return close $fh;
+}
+
 sub parse_diff {
 	my ($path) = @_;
-	my @diff = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files -p --), $path);
+	my @diff_cmd = split(" ", $patch_mode_flavour{DIFF});
+	if (defined $patch_mode_revision) {
+		push @diff_cmd, $patch_mode_revision;
+	}
+	my @diff = run_cmd_pipe("git", @diff_cmd, "--", $path);
 	my @colored = ();
 	if ($diff_use_color) {
-		@colored = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files -p --color --), $path);
+		@colored = run_cmd_pipe("git", @diff_cmd, qw(--color --), $path);
 	}
-	my (@hunk) = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [] };
+	my (@hunk) = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'header' };
 
 	for (my $i = 0; $i < @diff; $i++) {
 		if ($diff[$i] =~ /^@@ /) {
-			push @hunk, { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [] };
+			push @hunk, { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [],
+				TYPE => 'hunk' };
 		}
 		push @{$hunk[-1]{TEXT}}, $diff[$i];
 		push @{$hunk[-1]{DISPLAY}},
@@ -565,16 +729,19 @@ sub parse_diff {
 sub parse_diff_header {
 	my $src = shift;
 
-	my $head = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [] };
-	my $mode = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [] };
+	my $head = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'header' };
+	my $mode = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'mode' };
+	my $deletion = { TEXT => [], DISPLAY => [], TYPE => 'deletion' };
 
 	for (my $i = 0; $i < @{$src->{TEXT}}; $i++) {
-		my $dest = $src->{TEXT}->[$i] =~ /^(old|new) mode (\d+)$/ ?
-			$mode : $head;
+		my $dest =
+		   $src->{TEXT}->[$i] =~ /^(old|new) mode (\d+)$/ ? $mode :
+		   $src->{TEXT}->[$i] =~ /^deleted file/ ? $deletion :
+		   $head;
 		push @{$dest->{TEXT}}, $src->{TEXT}->[$i];
 		push @{$dest->{DISPLAY}}, $src->{DISPLAY}->[$i];
 	}
-	return ($head, $mode);
+	return ($head, $mode, $deletion);
 }
 
 sub hunk_splittable {
@@ -613,6 +780,7 @@ sub split_hunk {
 		my $this = +{
 			TEXT => [],
 			DISPLAY => [],
+			TYPE => 'hunk',
 			OLD => $o_ofs,
 			NEW => $n_ofs,
 			OCNT => 0,
@@ -694,6 +862,100 @@ sub split_hunk {
 	return @split;
 }
 
+sub find_last_o_ctx {
+	my ($it) = @_;
+	my $text = $it->{TEXT};
+	my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
+	my $i = @{$text};
+	my $last_o_ctx = $o_ofs + $o_cnt;
+	while (0 < --$i) {
+		my $line = $text->[$i];
+		if ($line =~ /^ /) {
+			$last_o_ctx--;
+			next;
+		}
+		last;
+	}
+	return $last_o_ctx;
+}
+
+sub merge_hunk {
+	my ($prev, $this) = @_;
+	my ($o0_ofs, $o0_cnt, $n0_ofs, $n0_cnt) =
+	    parse_hunk_header($prev->{TEXT}[0]);
+	my ($o1_ofs, $o1_cnt, $n1_ofs, $n1_cnt) =
+	    parse_hunk_header($this->{TEXT}[0]);
+
+	my (@line, $i, $ofs, $o_cnt, $n_cnt);
+	$ofs = $o0_ofs;
+	$o_cnt = $n_cnt = 0;
+	for ($i = 1; $i < @{$prev->{TEXT}}; $i++) {
+		my $line = $prev->{TEXT}[$i];
+		if ($line =~ /^\+/) {
+			$n_cnt++;
+			push @line, $line;
+			next;
+		}
+
+		last if ($o1_ofs <= $ofs);
+
+		$o_cnt++;
+		$ofs++;
+		if ($line =~ /^ /) {
+			$n_cnt++;
+		}
+		push @line, $line;
+	}
+
+	for ($i = 1; $i < @{$this->{TEXT}}; $i++) {
+		my $line = $this->{TEXT}[$i];
+		if ($line =~ /^\+/) {
+			$n_cnt++;
+			push @line, $line;
+			next;
+		}
+		$ofs++;
+		$o_cnt++;
+		if ($line =~ /^ /) {
+			$n_cnt++;
+		}
+		push @line, $line;
+	}
+	my $head = ("@@ -$o0_ofs" .
+		    (($o_cnt != 1) ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
+		    " +$n0_ofs" .
+		    (($n_cnt != 1) ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
+		    " @@\n");
+	@{$prev->{TEXT}} = ($head, @line);
+}
+
+sub coalesce_overlapping_hunks {
+	my (@in) = @_;
+	my @out = ();
+
+	my ($last_o_ctx, $last_was_dirty);
+
+	for (grep { $_->{USE} } @in) {
+		if ($_->{TYPE} ne 'hunk') {
+			push @out, $_;
+			next;
+		}
+		my $text = $_->{TEXT};
+		my ($o_ofs) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
+		if (defined $last_o_ctx &&
+		    $o_ofs <= $last_o_ctx &&
+		    !$_->{DIRTY} &&
+		    !$last_was_dirty) {
+			merge_hunk($out[-1], $_);
+		}
+		else {
+			push @out, $_;
+		}
+		$last_o_ctx = find_last_o_ctx($out[-1]);
+		$last_was_dirty = $_->{DIRTY};
+	}
+	return @out;
+}
 
 sub color_diff {
 	return map {
@@ -714,6 +976,7 @@ sub edit_hunk_manually {
 		or die "failed to open hunk edit file for writing: " . $!;
 	print $fh "# Manual hunk edit mode -- see bottom for a quick guide\n";
 	print $fh @$oldtext;
+	my $participle = $patch_mode_flavour{PARTICIPLE};
 	print $fh <<EOF;
 # ---
 # To remove '-' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).
@@ -721,16 +984,19 @@ sub edit_hunk_manually {
 # Lines starting with # will be removed.
 #
 # If the patch applies cleanly, the edited hunk will immediately be
-# marked for staging. If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given
+# marked for $participle. If it does not apply cleanly, you will be given
 # an opportunity to edit again. If all lines of the hunk are removed,
 # then the edit is aborted and the hunk is left unchanged.
 EOF
 	close $fh;
 
-	my $editor = $ENV{GIT_EDITOR} || $repo->config("core.editor")
-		|| $ENV{VISUAL} || $ENV{EDITOR} || "vi";
+	chomp(my $editor = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git var GIT_EDITOR)));
 	system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, $hunkfile);
 
+	if ($? != 0) {
+		return undef;
+	}
+
 	open $fh, '<', $hunkfile
 		or die "failed to open hunk edit file for reading: " . $!;
 	my @newtext = grep { !/^#/ } <$fh>;
@@ -751,18 +1017,36 @@ EOF
 
 sub diff_applies {
 	my $fh;
-	open $fh, '| git apply --recount --cached --check';
-	for my $h (@_) {
-		print $fh @{$h->{TEXT}};
+	return run_git_apply($patch_mode_flavour{APPLY_CHECK} . ' --recount --check',
+			     map { @{$_->{TEXT}} } @_);
+}
+
+sub _restore_terminal_and_die {
+	ReadMode 'restore';
+	print "\n";
+	exit 1;
+}
+
+sub prompt_single_character {
+	if ($use_readkey) {
+		local $SIG{TERM} = \&_restore_terminal_and_die;
+		local $SIG{INT} = \&_restore_terminal_and_die;
+		ReadMode 'cbreak';
+		my $key = ReadKey 0;
+		ReadMode 'restore';
+		print "$key" if defined $key;
+		print "\n";
+		return $key;
+	} else {
+		return <STDIN>;
 	}
-	return close $fh;
 }
 
 sub prompt_yesno {
 	my ($prompt) = @_;
 	while (1) {
 		print colored $prompt_color, $prompt;
-		my $line = <STDIN>;
+		my $line = prompt_single_character;
 		return 0 if $line =~ /^n/i;
 		return 1 if $line =~ /^y/i;
 	}
@@ -777,7 +1061,12 @@ sub edit_hunk_loop {
 		if (!defined $text) {
 			return undef;
 		}
-		my $newhunk = { TEXT => $text, USE => 1 };
+		my $newhunk = {
+			TEXT => $text,
+			TYPE => $hunk->[$ix]->{TYPE},
+			USE => 1,
+			DIRTY => 1,
+		};
 		if (diff_applies($head,
 				 @{$hunk}[0..$ix-1],
 				 $newhunk,
@@ -795,11 +1084,16 @@ sub edit_hunk_loop {
 }
 
 sub help_patch_cmd {
-	print colored $help_color, <<\EOF ;
-y - stage this hunk
-n - do not stage this hunk
-a - stage this and all the remaining hunks in the file
-d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
+	my $verb = lc $patch_mode_flavour{VERB};
+	my $target = $patch_mode_flavour{TARGET};
+	print colored $help_color, <<EOF ;
+y - $verb this hunk$target
+n - do not $verb this hunk$target
+q - quit, do not $verb this hunk nor any of the remaining ones
+a - $verb this and all the remaining hunks in the file
+d - do not $verb this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
+g - select a hunk to go to
+/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex
 j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
 J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
 k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
@@ -810,8 +1104,40 @@ e - manually edit the current hunk
 EOF
 }
 
+sub apply_patch {
+	my $cmd = shift;
+	my $ret = run_git_apply $cmd . ' --recount', @_;
+	if (!$ret) {
+		print STDERR @_;
+	}
+	return $ret;
+}
+
+sub apply_patch_for_checkout_commit {
+	my $reverse = shift;
+	my $applies_index = run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --cached --recount --check', @_;
+	my $applies_worktree = run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --recount --check', @_;
+
+	if ($applies_worktree && $applies_index) {
+		run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --cached --recount', @_;
+		run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --recount', @_;
+		return 1;
+	} elsif (!$applies_index) {
+		print colored $error_color, "The selected hunks do not apply to the index!\n";
+		if (prompt_yesno "Apply them to the worktree anyway? ") {
+			return run_git_apply 'apply '.$reverse.' --recount', @_;
+		} else {
+			print colored $error_color, "Nothing was applied.\n";
+			return 0;
+		}
+	} else {
+		print STDERR @_;
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
 sub patch_update_cmd {
-	my @all_mods = list_modified('file-only');
+	my @all_mods = list_modified($patch_mode_flavour{FILTER});
 	my @mods = grep { !($_->{BINARY}) } @all_mods;
 	my @them;
 
@@ -832,46 +1158,70 @@ sub patch_update_cmd {
 					@mods);
 	}
 	for (@them) {
-		patch_update_file($_->{VALUE});
+		return 0 if patch_update_file($_->{VALUE});
+	}
+}
+
+# Generate a one line summary of a hunk.
+sub summarize_hunk {
+	my $rhunk = shift;
+	my $summary = $rhunk->{TEXT}[0];
+
+	# Keep the line numbers, discard extra context.
+	$summary =~ s/@@(.*?)@@.*/$1 /s;
+	$summary .= " " x (20 - length $summary);
+
+	# Add some user context.
+	for my $line (@{$rhunk->{TEXT}}) {
+		if ($line =~ m/^[+-].*\w/) {
+			$summary .= $line;
+			last;
+		}
+	}
+
+	chomp $summary;
+	return substr($summary, 0, 80) . "\n";
+}
+
+
+# Print a one-line summary of each hunk in the array ref in
+# the first argument, starting wih the index in the 2nd.
+sub display_hunks {
+	my ($hunks, $i) = @_;
+	my $ctr = 0;
+	$i ||= 0;
+	for (; $i < @$hunks && $ctr < 20; $i++, $ctr++) {
+		my $status = " ";
+		if (defined $hunks->[$i]{USE}) {
+			$status = $hunks->[$i]{USE} ? "+" : "-";
+		}
+		printf "%s%2d: %s",
+			$status,
+			$i + 1,
+			summarize_hunk($hunks->[$i]);
 	}
+	return $i;
 }
 
 sub patch_update_file {
+	my $quit = 0;
 	my ($ix, $num);
 	my $path = shift;
 	my ($head, @hunk) = parse_diff($path);
-	($head, my $mode) = parse_diff_header($head);
+	($head, my $mode, my $deletion) = parse_diff_header($head);
 	for (@{$head->{DISPLAY}}) {
 		print;
 	}
 
 	if (@{$mode->{TEXT}}) {
-		while (1) {
-			print @{$mode->{DISPLAY}};
-			print colored $prompt_color,
-				"Stage mode change [y/n/a/d/?]? ";
-			my $line = <STDIN>;
-			if ($line =~ /^y/i) {
-				$mode->{USE} = 1;
-				last;
-			}
-			elsif ($line =~ /^n/i) {
-				$mode->{USE} = 0;
-				last;
-			}
-			elsif ($line =~ /^a/i) {
-				$_->{USE} = 1 foreach ($mode, @hunk);
-				last;
-			}
-			elsif ($line =~ /^d/i) {
-				$_->{USE} = 0 foreach ($mode, @hunk);
-				last;
-			}
-			else {
-				help_patch_cmd('');
-				next;
-			}
+		unshift @hunk, $mode;
+	}
+	if (@{$deletion->{TEXT}}) {
+		foreach my $hunk (@hunk) {
+			push @{$deletion->{TEXT}}, @{$hunk->{TEXT}};
+			push @{$deletion->{DISPLAY}}, @{$hunk->{DISPLAY}};
 		}
+		@hunk = ($deletion);
 	}
 
 	$num = scalar @hunk;
@@ -887,22 +1237,25 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 		for ($i = 0; $i < $ix; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
 				$prev = 1;
-				$other .= '/k';
+				$other .= ',k';
 				last;
 			}
 		}
 		if ($ix) {
-			$other .= '/K';
+			$other .= ',K';
 		}
 		for ($i = $ix + 1; $i < $num; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
 				$next = 1;
-				$other .= '/j';
+				$other .= ',j';
 				last;
 			}
 		}
 		if ($ix < $num - 1) {
-			$other .= '/J';
+			$other .= ',J';
+		}
+		if ($num > 1) {
+			$other .= ',g';
 		}
 		for ($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
@@ -912,15 +1265,23 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 		}
 		last if (!$undecided);
 
-		if (hunk_splittable($hunk[$ix]{TEXT})) {
-			$other .= '/s';
+		if ($hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'hunk' &&
+		    hunk_splittable($hunk[$ix]{TEXT})) {
+			$other .= ',s';
+		}
+		if ($hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'hunk') {
+			$other .= ',e';
 		}
-		$other .= '/e';
 		for (@{$hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY}}) {
 			print;
 		}
-		print colored $prompt_color, "Stage this hunk [y/n/a/d$other/?]? ";
-		my $line = <STDIN>;
+		print colored $prompt_color, $patch_mode_flavour{VERB},
+		  ($hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'mode' ? ' mode change' :
+		   $hunk[$ix]{TYPE} eq 'deletion' ? ' deletion' :
+		   ' this hunk'),
+		  $patch_mode_flavour{TARGET},
+		  " [y,n,q,a,d,/$other,?]? ";
+		my $line = prompt_single_character;
 		if ($line) {
 			if ($line =~ /^y/i) {
 				$hunk[$ix]{USE} = 1;
@@ -937,6 +1298,31 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 				}
 				next;
 			}
+			elsif ($other =~ /g/ && $line =~ /^g(.*)/) {
+				my $response = $1;
+				my $no = $ix > 10 ? $ix - 10 : 0;
+				while ($response eq '') {
+					my $extra = "";
+					$no = display_hunks(\@hunk, $no);
+					if ($no < $num) {
+						$extra = " (<ret> to see more)";
+					}
+					print "go to which hunk$extra? ";
+					$response = <STDIN>;
+					if (!defined $response) {
+						$response = '';
+					}
+					chomp $response;
+				}
+				if ($response !~ /^\s*\d+\s*$/) {
+					error_msg "Invalid number: '$response'\n";
+				} elsif (0 < $response && $response <= $num) {
+					$ix = $response - 1;
+				} else {
+					error_msg "Sorry, only $num hunks available.\n";
+				}
+				next;
+			}
 			elsif ($line =~ /^d/i) {
 				while ($ix < $num) {
 					if (!defined $hunk[$ix]{USE}) {
@@ -946,30 +1332,86 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 				}
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /K/ && $line =~ /^K/) {
-				$ix--;
+			elsif ($line =~ /^q/i) {
+				while ($ix < $num) {
+					if (!defined $hunk[$ix]{USE}) {
+						$hunk[$ix]{USE} = 0;
+					}
+					$ix++;
+				}
+				$quit = 1;
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /J/ && $line =~ /^J/) {
-				$ix++;
+			elsif ($line =~ m|^/(.*)|) {
+				my $regex = $1;
+				if ($1 eq "") {
+					print colored $prompt_color, "search for regex? ";
+					$regex = <STDIN>;
+					if (defined $regex) {
+						chomp $regex;
+					}
+				}
+				my $search_string;
+				eval {
+					$search_string = qr{$regex}m;
+				};
+				if ($@) {
+					my ($err,$exp) = ($@, $1);
+					$err =~ s/ at .*git-add--interactive line \d+, <STDIN> line \d+.*$//;
+					error_msg "Malformed search regexp $exp: $err\n";
+					next;
+				}
+				my $iy = $ix;
+				while (1) {
+					my $text = join ("", @{$hunk[$iy]{TEXT}});
+					last if ($text =~ $search_string);
+					$iy++;
+					$iy = 0 if ($iy >= $num);
+					if ($ix == $iy) {
+						error_msg "No hunk matches the given pattern\n";
+						last;
+					}
+				}
+				$ix = $iy;
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /k/ && $line =~ /^k/) {
-				while (1) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^K/) {
+				if ($other =~ /K/) {
 					$ix--;
-					last if (!$ix ||
-						 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+				}
+				else {
+					error_msg "No previous hunk\n";
 				}
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /j/ && $line =~ /^j/) {
-				while (1) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^J/) {
+				if ($other =~ /J/) {
 					$ix++;
-					last if ($ix >= $num ||
-						 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+				}
+				else {
+					error_msg "No next hunk\n";
 				}
 				next;
 			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^k/) {
+				if ($other =~ /k/) {
+					while (1) {
+						$ix--;
+						last if (!$ix ||
+							 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+					}
+				}
+				else {
+					error_msg "No previous hunk\n";
+				}
+				next;
+			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^j/) {
+				if ($other !~ /j/) {
+					error_msg "No next hunk\n";
+					next;
+				}
+			}
 			elsif ($other =~ /s/ && $line =~ /^s/) {
 				my @split = split_hunk($hunk[$ix]{TEXT}, $hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY});
 				if (1 < @split) {
@@ -980,7 +1422,7 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 				$num = scalar @hunk;
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($line =~ /^e/) {
+			elsif ($other =~ /e/ && $line =~ /^e/) {
 				my $newhunk = edit_hunk_loop($head, \@hunk, $ix);
 				if (defined $newhunk) {
 					splice @hunk, $ix, 1, $newhunk;
@@ -999,11 +1441,10 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 		}
 	}
 
+	@hunk = coalesce_overlapping_hunks(@hunk);
+
 	my $n_lofs = 0;
 	my @result = ();
-	if ($mode->{USE}) {
-		push @result, @{$mode->{TEXT}};
-	}
 	for (@hunk) {
 		if ($_->{USE}) {
 			push @result, @{$_->{TEXT}};
@@ -1012,20 +1453,14 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 
 	if (@result) {
 		my $fh;
-
-		open $fh, '| git apply --cached --recount';
-		for (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result) {
-			print $fh $_;
-		}
-		if (!close $fh) {
-			for (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result) {
-				print STDERR $_;
-			}
-		}
+		my @patch = (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result);
+		my $apply_routine = $patch_mode_flavour{APPLY};
+		&$apply_routine(@patch);
 		refresh();
 	}
 
 	print "\n";
+	return $quit;
 }
 
 sub diff_cmd {
@@ -1061,11 +1496,41 @@ EOF
 sub process_args {
 	return unless @ARGV;
 	my $arg = shift @ARGV;
-	if ($arg eq "--patch") {
-		$patch_mode = 1;
-		$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+	if ($arg =~ /--patch(?:=(.*))?/) {
+		if (defined $1) {
+			if ($1 eq 'reset') {
+				$patch_mode = 'reset_head';
+				$patch_mode_revision = 'HEAD';
+				$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+				if ($arg ne '--') {
+					$patch_mode_revision = $arg;
+					$patch_mode = ($arg eq 'HEAD' ?
+						       'reset_head' : 'reset_nothead');
+					$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+				}
+			} elsif ($1 eq 'checkout') {
+				$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+				if ($arg eq '--') {
+					$patch_mode = 'checkout_index';
+				} else {
+					$patch_mode_revision = $arg;
+					$patch_mode = ($arg eq 'HEAD' ?
+						       'checkout_head' : 'checkout_nothead');
+					$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+				}
+			} elsif ($1 eq 'stage' or $1 eq 'stash') {
+				$patch_mode = $1;
+				$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+			} else {
+				die "unknown --patch mode: $1";
+			}
+		} else {
+			$patch_mode = 'stage';
+			$arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
+		}
 		die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --"
 		    unless $arg eq "--";
+		%patch_mode_flavour = %{$patch_modes{$patch_mode}};
 	}
 	elsif ($arg ne "--") {
 		die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --";
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
index aa602618e..4838cdb9e 100755
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ b/git-am.sh
@@ -8,21 +8,29 @@ OPTIONS_SPEC="\
 git am [options] [<mbox>|<Maildir>...]
 git am [options] (--resolved | --skip | --abort)
 --
-d,dotest=       (removed -- do not use)
 i,interactive   run interactively
-b,binary        (historical option -- no-op)
+b,binary*       (historical option -- no-op)
 3,3way          allow fall back on 3way merging if needed
+q,quiet         be quiet
 s,signoff       add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message
 u,utf8          recode into utf8 (default)
 k,keep          pass -k flag to git-mailinfo
+c,scissors      strip everything before a scissors line
 whitespace=     pass it through git-apply
+ignore-space-change pass it through git-apply
+ignore-whitespace pass it through git-apply
+directory=      pass it through git-apply
 C=              pass it through git-apply
 p=              pass it through git-apply
+patch-format=   format the patch(es) are in
+reject          pass it through git-apply
 resolvemsg=     override error message when patch failure occurs
 r,resolved      to be used after a patch failure
 skip            skip the current patch
 abort           restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
-rebasing        (internal use for git-rebase)"
+committer-date-is-author-date    lie about committer date
+ignore-date     use current timestamp for author date
+rebasing*       (internal use for git-rebase)"
 
 . git-sh-setup
 prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
@@ -33,6 +41,17 @@ cd_to_toplevel
 git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null ||
 	die "You need to set your committer info first"
 
+if git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD >/dev/null
+then
+	HAS_HEAD=yes
+else
+	HAS_HEAD=
+fi
+
+sq () {
+	git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@"
+}
+
 stop_here () {
     echo "$1" >"$dotest/next"
     exit 1
@@ -85,7 +104,7 @@ fall_back_3way () {
     git write-tree >"$dotest/patch-merge-base+" ||
     cannot_fallback "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
 
-    echo Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...
+    say Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...
     if GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
 	git apply --cached <"$dotest/patch"
     then
@@ -101,7 +120,7 @@ It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
     orig_tree=$(cat "$dotest/patch-merge-base") &&
     rm -fr "$dotest"/patch-merge-* || exit 1
 
-    echo Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge...
+    say Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge...
 
     # This is not so wrong.  Depending on which base we picked,
     # orig_tree may be wildly different from ours, but his_tree
@@ -111,6 +130,10 @@ It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
 
     eval GITHEAD_$his_tree='"$FIRSTLINE"'
     export GITHEAD_$his_tree
+    if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+    then
+	    export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=0
+    fi
     git-merge-recursive $orig_tree -- HEAD $his_tree || {
 	    git rerere
 	    echo Failed to merge in the changes.
@@ -119,11 +142,157 @@ It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
     unset GITHEAD_$his_tree
 }
 
+clean_abort () {
+	test $# = 0 || echo >&2 "$@"
+	rm -fr "$dotest"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+patch_format=
+
+check_patch_format () {
+	# early return if patch_format was set from the command line
+	if test -n "$patch_format"
+	then
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	# we default to mbox format if input is from stdin and for
+	# directories
+	if test $# = 0 || test "x$1" = "x-" || test -d "$1"
+	then
+		patch_format=mbox
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	# otherwise, check the first few lines of the first patch to try
+	# to detect its format
+	{
+		read l1
+		read l2
+		read l3
+		case "$l1" in
+		"From "* | "From: "*)
+			patch_format=mbox
+			;;
+		'# This series applies on GIT commit'*)
+			patch_format=stgit-series
+			;;
+		"# HG changeset patch")
+			patch_format=hg
+			;;
+		*)
+			# if the second line is empty and the third is
+			# a From, Author or Date entry, this is very
+			# likely an StGIT patch
+			case "$l2,$l3" in
+			,"From: "* | ,"Author: "* | ,"Date: "*)
+				patch_format=stgit
+				;;
+			*)
+				;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		esac
+		if test -z "$patch_format" &&
+			test -n "$l1" &&
+			test -n "$l2" &&
+			test -n "$l3"
+		then
+			# This begins with three non-empty lines.  Is this a
+			# piece of e-mail a-la RFC2822?  Grab all the headers,
+			# discarding the indented remainder of folded lines,
+			# and see if it looks like that they all begin with the
+			# header field names...
+			sed -n -e '/^$/q' -e '/^[ 	]/d' -e p "$1" |
+			sane_egrep -v '^[!-9;-~]+:' >/dev/null ||
+			patch_format=mbox
+		fi
+	} < "$1" || clean_abort
+}
+
+split_patches () {
+	case "$patch_format" in
+	mbox)
+		case "$rebasing" in
+		'')
+			keep_cr= ;;
+		?*)
+			keep_cr=--keep-cr ;;
+		esac
+		git mailsplit -d"$prec" -o"$dotest" -b $keep_cr -- "$@" > "$dotest/last" ||
+		clean_abort
+		;;
+	stgit-series)
+		if test $# -ne 1
+		then
+			clean_abort "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+		fi
+		series_dir=`dirname "$1"`
+		series_file="$1"
+		shift
+		{
+			set x
+			while read filename
+			do
+				set "$@" "$series_dir/$filename"
+			done
+			# remove the safety x
+			shift
+			# remove the arg coming from the first-line comment
+			shift
+		} < "$series_file" || clean_abort
+		# set the patch format appropriately
+		patch_format=stgit
+		# now handle the actual StGIT patches
+		split_patches "$@"
+		;;
+	stgit)
+		this=0
+		for stgit in "$@"
+		do
+			this=`expr "$this" + 1`
+			msgnum=`printf "%0${prec}d" $this`
+			# Perl version of StGIT parse_patch. The first nonemptyline
+			# not starting with Author, From or Date is the
+			# subject, and the body starts with the next nonempty
+			# line not starting with Author, From or Date
+			perl -ne 'BEGIN { $subject = 0 }
+				if ($subject > 1) { print ; }
+				elsif (/^\s+$/) { next ; }
+				elsif (/^Author:/) { print s/Author/From/ ; }
+				elsif (/^(From|Date)/) { print ; }
+				elsif ($subject) {
+					$subject = 2 ;
+					print "\n" ;
+					print ;
+				} else {
+					print "Subject: ", $_ ;
+					$subject = 1;
+				}
+			' < "$stgit" > "$dotest/$msgnum" || clean_abort
+		done
+		echo "$this" > "$dotest/last"
+		this=
+		msgnum=
+		;;
+	*)
+		if test -n "$parse_patch" ; then
+			clean_abort "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+		else
+			clean_abort "Patch format detection failed."
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
 prec=4
 dotest="$GIT_DIR/rebase-apply"
 sign= utf8=t keep= skip= interactive= resolved= rebasing= abort=
-resolvemsg= resume=
+resolvemsg= resume= scissors= no_inbody_headers=
 git_apply_opt=
+committer_date_is_author_date=
+ignore_date=
 
 while test $# != 0
 do
@@ -142,6 +311,10 @@ do
 		utf8= ;;
 	-k|--keep)
 		keep=t ;;
+	-c|--scissors)
+		scissors=t ;;
+	--no-scissors)
+		scissors=f ;;
 	-r|--resolved)
 		resolved=t ;;
 	--skip)
@@ -149,16 +322,26 @@ do
 	--abort)
 		abort=t ;;
 	--rebasing)
-		rebasing=t threeway=t keep=t ;;
+		rebasing=t threeway=t keep=t scissors=f no_inbody_headers=t ;;
 	-d|--dotest)
 		die "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
 		;;
 	--resolvemsg)
 		shift; resolvemsg=$1 ;;
-	--whitespace)
-		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1=$2"; shift ;;
+	--whitespace|--directory)
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1=$2")"; shift ;;
 	-C|-p)
-		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1$2"; shift ;;
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1$2")"; shift ;;
+	--patch-format)
+		shift ; patch_format="$1" ;;
+	--reject|--ignore-whitespace|--ignore-space-change)
+		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1" ;;
+	--committer-date-is-author-date)
+		committer_date_is_author_date=t ;;
+	--ignore-date)
+		ignore_date=t ;;
+	-q|--quiet)
+		GIT_QUIET=t ;;
 	--)
 		shift; break ;;
 	*)
@@ -192,7 +375,7 @@ then
 		# unreliable -- stdin could be /dev/null for example
 		# and the caller did not intend to feed us a patch but
 		# wanted to continue unattended.
-		tty -s
+		test -t 0
 		;;
 	*)
 		false
@@ -202,6 +385,9 @@ then
 	resume=yes
 
 	case "$skip,$abort" in
+	t,t)
+		die "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+		;;
 	t,)
 		git rerere clear
 		git read-tree --reset -u HEAD HEAD
@@ -210,12 +396,19 @@ then
 		git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $orig_head
 		;;
 	,t)
+		if test -f "$dotest/rebasing"
+		then
+			exec git rebase --abort
+		fi
 		git rerere clear
-		git read-tree --reset -u HEAD ORIG_HEAD
-		git reset ORIG_HEAD
+		test -f "$dotest/dirtyindex" || {
+			git read-tree --reset -u HEAD ORIG_HEAD
+			git reset ORIG_HEAD
+		}
 		rm -fr "$dotest"
 		exit ;;
 	esac
+	rm -f "$dotest/dirtyindex"
 else
 	# Make sure we are not given --skip, --resolved, nor --abort
 	test "$skip$resolved$abort" = "" ||
@@ -242,34 +435,48 @@ else
 		done
 		shift
 	fi
-	git mailsplit -d"$prec" -o"$dotest" -b -- "$@" > "$dotest/last" ||  {
-		rm -fr "$dotest"
-		exit 1
-	}
 
-	# -s, -u, -k and --whitespace flags are kept for the
-	# resuming session after a patch failure.
-	# -3 and -i can and must be given when resuming.
-	echo " $ws" >"$dotest/whitespace"
+	check_patch_format "$@"
+
+	split_patches "$@"
+
+	# -i can and must be given when resuming; everything
+	# else is kept
+	echo " $git_apply_opt" >"$dotest/apply-opt"
+	echo "$threeway" >"$dotest/threeway"
 	echo "$sign" >"$dotest/sign"
 	echo "$utf8" >"$dotest/utf8"
 	echo "$keep" >"$dotest/keep"
+	echo "$scissors" >"$dotest/scissors"
+	echo "$no_inbody_headers" >"$dotest/no_inbody_headers"
+	echo "$GIT_QUIET" >"$dotest/quiet"
 	echo 1 >"$dotest/next"
 	if test -n "$rebasing"
 	then
 		: >"$dotest/rebasing"
 	else
 		: >"$dotest/applying"
-		git update-ref ORIG_HEAD HEAD
+		if test -n "$HAS_HEAD"
+		then
+			git update-ref ORIG_HEAD HEAD
+		else
+			git update-ref -d ORIG_HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
+		fi
 	fi
 fi
 
 case "$resolved" in
 '')
-	files=$(git diff-index --cached --name-only HEAD --) || exit
-	if [ "$files" ]; then
-	   echo "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)" >&2
-	   exit 1
+	case "$HAS_HEAD" in
+	'')
+		files=$(git ls-files) ;;
+	?*)
+		files=$(git diff-index --cached --name-only HEAD --) ;;
+	esac || exit
+	if test "$files"
+	then
+		test -n "$HAS_HEAD" && : >"$dotest/dirtyindex"
+		die "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
 	fi
 esac
 
@@ -283,7 +490,27 @@ if test "$(cat "$dotest/keep")" = t
 then
 	keep=-k
 fi
-ws=`cat "$dotest/whitespace"`
+case "$(cat "$dotest/scissors")" in
+t)
+	scissors=--scissors ;;
+f)
+	scissors=--no-scissors ;;
+esac
+if test "$(cat "$dotest/no_inbody_headers")" = t
+then
+	no_inbody_headers=--no-inbody-headers
+else
+	no_inbody_headers=
+fi
+if test "$(cat "$dotest/quiet")" = t
+then
+	GIT_QUIET=t
+fi
+if test "$(cat "$dotest/threeway")" = t
+then
+	threeway=t
+fi
+git_apply_opt=$(cat "$dotest/apply-opt")
 if test "$(cat "$dotest/sign")" = t
 then
 	SIGNOFF=`git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT | sed -e '
@@ -304,7 +531,7 @@ fi
 
 if test "$this" -gt "$last"
 then
-	echo Nothing to do.
+	say Nothing to do.
 	rm -fr "$dotest"
 	exit
 fi
@@ -329,12 +556,12 @@ do
 	# by the user, or the user can tell us to do so by --resolved flag.
 	case "$resume" in
 	'')
-		git mailinfo $keep $utf8 "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/patch" \
+		git mailinfo $keep $no_inbody_headers $scissors $utf8 "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/patch" \
 			<"$dotest/$msgnum" >"$dotest/info" ||
 			stop_here $this
 
 		# skip pine's internal folder data
-		grep '^Author: Mail System Internal Data$' \
+		sane_grep '^Author: Mail System Internal Data$' \
 			<"$dotest"/info >/dev/null &&
 			go_next && continue
 
@@ -350,11 +577,12 @@ do
 			git cat-file commit "$commit" |
 			sed -e '1,/^$/d' >"$dotest/msg-clean"
 		else
-			SUBJECT="$(sed -n '/^Subject/ s/Subject: //p' "$dotest/info")"
-			case "$keep_subject" in -k)  SUBJECT="[PATCH] $SUBJECT" ;; esac
-
-			(printf '%s\n\n' "$SUBJECT"; cat "$dotest/msg") |
-				git stripspace > "$dotest/msg-clean"
+			{
+				sed -n '/^Subject/ s/Subject: //p' "$dotest/info"
+				echo
+				cat "$dotest/msg"
+			} |
+			git stripspace > "$dotest/msg-clean"
 		fi
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -429,7 +657,10 @@ do
 		[eE]*) git_editor "$dotest/final-commit"
 		       action=again ;;
 		[vV]*) action=again
-		       LESS=-S ${PAGER:-less} "$dotest/patch" ;;
+		       : ${GIT_PAGER=$(git var GIT_PAGER)}
+		       : ${LESS=-FRSX}
+		       export LESS
+		       $GIT_PAGER "$dotest/patch" ;;
 		*)     action=again ;;
 		esac
 	    done
@@ -450,11 +681,18 @@ do
 		stop_here $this
 	fi
 
-	printf 'Applying: %s\n' "$FIRSTLINE"
+	say "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
 
 	case "$resolved" in
 	'')
-		git apply $git_apply_opt --index "$dotest/patch"
+		# When we are allowed to fall back to 3-way later, don't give
+		# false errors during the initial attempt.
+		squelch=
+		if test "$threeway" = t
+		then
+			squelch='>/dev/null 2>&1 '
+		fi
+		eval "git apply $squelch$git_apply_opt"' --index "$dotest/patch"'
 		apply_status=$?
 		;;
 	t)
@@ -486,7 +724,7 @@ do
 		    # Applying the patch to an earlier tree and merging the
 		    # result may have produced the same tree as ours.
 		    git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD -- && {
-			echo No changes -- Patch already applied.
+			say No changes -- Patch already applied.
 			go_next
 			continue
 		    }
@@ -496,7 +734,7 @@ do
 	fi
 	if test $apply_status != 0
 	then
-		echo Patch failed at $msgnum.
+		printf 'Patch failed at %s %s\n' "$msgnum" "$FIRSTLINE"
 		stop_here_user_resolve $this
 	fi
 
@@ -506,8 +744,21 @@ do
 	fi
 
 	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
-	parent=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	commit=$(git commit-tree $tree -p $parent <"$dotest/final-commit") &&
+	commit=$(
+		if test -n "$ignore_date"
+		then
+			GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=
+		fi
+		parent=$(git rev-parse --verify -q HEAD) ||
+		say >&2 "applying to an empty history"
+
+		if test -n "$committer_date_is_author_date"
+		then
+			GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+			export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		fi &&
+		git commit-tree $tree ${parent:+-p} $parent <"$dotest/final-commit"
+	) &&
 	git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $FIRSTLINE" HEAD $commit $parent ||
 	stop_here $this
 
diff --git a/git-bisect.sh b/git-bisect.sh
index 6706bc1e7..6e2acb8ef 100755
--- a/git-bisect.sh
+++ b/git-bisect.sh
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ git bisect bad [<rev>]
         mark <rev> a known-bad revision.
 git bisect good [<rev>...]
         mark <rev>... known-good revisions.
-git bisect skip [<rev>...]
+git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...]
         mark <rev>... untestable revisions.
 git bisect next
         find next bisection to test and check it out.
-git bisect reset [<branch>]
-        finish bisection search and go back to branch.
+git bisect reset [<commit>]
+        finish bisection search and go back to commit.
 git bisect visualize
         show bisect status in gitk.
 git bisect replay <logfile>
@@ -33,16 +33,6 @@ require_work_tree
 _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
 
-sq() {
-	@@PERL@@ -e '
-		for (@ARGV) {
-			s/'\''/'\'\\\\\'\''/g;
-			print " '\''$_'\''";
-		}
-		print "\n";
-	' "$@"
-}
-
 bisect_autostart() {
 	test -s "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START" || {
 		echo >&2 'You need to start by "git bisect start"'
@@ -77,7 +67,7 @@ bisect_start() {
 	then
 		# Reset to the rev from where we started.
 		start_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START")
-		git checkout "$start_head" || exit
+		git checkout "$start_head" -- || exit
 	else
 		# Get rev from where we start.
 		case "$head" in
@@ -107,7 +97,7 @@ bisect_start() {
 	for arg; do
 	    case "$arg" in --) has_double_dash=1; break ;; esac
 	done
-	orig_args=$(sq "$@")
+	orig_args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")
 	bad_seen=0
 	eval=''
 	while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
@@ -147,7 +137,7 @@ bisect_start() {
 	# Write new start state.
 	#
 	echo "$start_head" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START" &&
-	sq "$@" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES" &&
+	git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@" >"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES" &&
 	eval "$eval" &&
 	echo "git bisect start$orig_args" >>"$GIT_DIR/BISECT_LOG" || exit
 	#
@@ -177,10 +167,6 @@ is_expected_rev() {
 	test "$1" = $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV")
 }
 
-mark_expected_rev() {
-	echo "$1" > "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_EXPECTED_REV"
-}
-
 check_expected_revs() {
 	for _rev in "$@"; do
 		if ! is_expected_rev "$_rev"; then
@@ -199,11 +185,11 @@ bisect_skip() {
             *..*)
                 revs=$(git rev-list "$arg") || die "Bad rev input: $arg" ;;
             *)
-                revs="'$arg'" ;;
+                revs=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$arg") ;;
 	    esac
             all="$all $revs"
         done
-        bisect_state 'skip' $all
+        eval bisect_state 'skip' $all
 }
 
 bisect_state() {
@@ -279,228 +265,22 @@ bisect_auto_next() {
 	bisect_next_check && bisect_next || :
 }
 
-filter_skipped() {
-	_eval="$1"
-	_skip="$2"
-
-	if [ -z "$_skip" ]; then
-		eval "$_eval"
-		return
-	fi
-
-	# Let's parse the output of:
-	# "git rev-list --bisect-vars --bisect-all ..."
-	eval "$_eval" | while read hash line
-	do
-		case "$VARS,$FOUND,$TRIED,$hash" in
-			# We display some vars.
-			1,*,*,*) echo "$hash $line" ;;
-
-			# Split line.
-			,*,*,---*) ;;
-
-			# We had nothing to search.
-			,,,bisect_rev*)
-				echo "bisect_rev="
-				VARS=1
-				;;
-
-			# We did not find a good bisect rev.
-			# This should happen only if the "bad"
-			# commit is also a "skip" commit.
-			,,*,bisect_rev*)
-				echo "bisect_rev=$TRIED"
-				VARS=1
-				;;
-
-			# We are searching.
-			,,*,*)
-				TRIED="${TRIED:+$TRIED|}$hash"
-				case "$_skip" in
-				*$hash*) ;;
-				*)
-					echo "bisect_rev=$hash"
-					echo "bisect_tried=\"$TRIED\""
-					FOUND=1
-					;;
-				esac
-				;;
-
-			# We have already found a rev to be tested.
-			,1,*,bisect_rev*) VARS=1 ;;
-			,1,*,*) ;;
-
-			# ???
-			*) die "filter_skipped error " \
-			    "VARS: '$VARS' " \
-			    "FOUND: '$FOUND' " \
-			    "TRIED: '$TRIED' " \
-			    "hash: '$hash' " \
-			    "line: '$line'"
-			;;
-		esac
-	done
-}
-
-exit_if_skipped_commits () {
-	_tried=$1
-	if expr "$_tried" : ".*[|].*" > /dev/null ; then
-		echo "There are only 'skip'ped commit left to test."
-		echo "The first bad commit could be any of:"
-		echo "$_tried" | tr '[|]' '[\012]'
-		echo "We cannot bisect more!"
-		exit 2
-	fi
-}
-
-bisect_checkout() {
-	_rev="$1"
-	_msg="$2"
-	echo "Bisecting: $_msg"
-	mark_expected_rev "$_rev"
-	git checkout -q "$_rev" || exit
-	git show-branch "$_rev"
-}
-
-is_among() {
-	_rev="$1"
-	_list="$2"
-	case "$_list" in *$_rev*) return 0 ;; esac
-	return 1
-}
-
-handle_bad_merge_base() {
-	_badmb="$1"
-	_good="$2"
-	if is_expected_rev "$_badmb"; then
-		cat >&2 <<EOF
-The merge base $_badmb is bad.
-This means the bug has been fixed between $_badmb and [$_good].
-EOF
-		exit 3
-	else
-		cat >&2 <<EOF
-Some good revs are not ancestor of the bad rev.
-git bisect cannot work properly in this case.
-Maybe you mistake good and bad revs?
-EOF
-		exit 1
-	fi
-}
-
-handle_skipped_merge_base() {
-	_mb="$1"
-	_bad="$2"
-	_good="$3"
-	cat >&2 <<EOF
-Warning: the merge base between $_bad and [$_good] must be skipped.
-So we cannot be sure the first bad commit is between $_mb and $_bad.
-We continue anyway.
-EOF
-}
-
-#
-# "check_merge_bases" checks that merge bases are not "bad".
-#
-# - If one is "good", that's good, we have nothing to do.
-# - If one is "bad", it means the user assumed something wrong
-# and we must exit.
-# - If one is "skipped", we can't know but we should warn.
-# - If we don't know, we should check it out and ask the user to test.
-#
-# In the last case we will return 1, and otherwise 0.
-#
-check_merge_bases() {
-	_bad="$1"
-	_good="$2"
-	_skip="$3"
-	for _mb in $(git merge-base --all $_bad $_good)
-	do
-		if is_among "$_mb" "$_good"; then
-			continue
-		elif test "$_mb" = "$_bad"; then
-			handle_bad_merge_base "$_bad" "$_good"
-		elif is_among "$_mb" "$_skip"; then
-			handle_skipped_merge_base "$_mb" "$_bad" "$_good"
-		else
-			bisect_checkout "$_mb" "a merge base must be tested"
-			return 1
-		fi
-	done
-	return 0
-}
-
-#
-# "check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad" checks that all "good" revs are
-# ancestor of the "bad" rev.
-#
-# If that's not the case, we need to check the merge bases.
-# If a merge base must be tested by the user we return 1 and
-# otherwise 0.
-#
-check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad() {
-	test -f "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
-		return
-
-	_bad="$1"
-	_good=$(echo $2 | sed -e 's/\^//g')
-	_skip="$3"
-
-	# Bisecting with no good rev is ok
-	test -z "$_good" && return
-
-	_side=$(git rev-list $_good ^$_bad)
-	if test -n "$_side"; then
-		# Return if a checkout was done
-		check_merge_bases "$_bad" "$_good" "$_skip" || return
-	fi
-
-	: > "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK"
-
-	return 0
-}
-
 bisect_next() {
 	case "$#" in 0) ;; *) usage ;; esac
 	bisect_autostart
 	bisect_next_check good
 
-	# Get bad, good and skipped revs
-	bad=$(git rev-parse --verify refs/bisect/bad) &&
-	good=$(git for-each-ref --format='^%(objectname)' \
-		"refs/bisect/good-*" | tr '\012' ' ') &&
-	skip=$(git for-each-ref --format='%(objectname)' \
-		"refs/bisect/skip-*" | tr '\012' ' ') || exit
-
-	# Maybe some merge bases must be tested first
-	check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad "$bad" "$good" "$skip"
-	# Return now if a checkout has already been done
-	test "$?" -eq "1" && return
-
-	# Get bisection information
-	BISECT_OPT=''
-	test -n "$skip" && BISECT_OPT='--bisect-all'
-	eval="git rev-list --bisect-vars $BISECT_OPT $good $bad --" &&
-	eval="$eval $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES")" &&
-	eval=$(filter_skipped "$eval" "$skip") &&
-	eval "$eval" || exit
-
-	if [ -z "$bisect_rev" ]; then
-		echo "$bad was both good and bad"
-		exit 1
-	fi
-	if [ "$bisect_rev" = "$bad" ]; then
-		exit_if_skipped_commits "$bisect_tried"
-		echo "$bisect_rev is first bad commit"
-		git diff-tree --pretty $bisect_rev
-		exit 0
-	fi
+	# Perform all bisection computation, display and checkout
+	git bisect--helper --next-all
+	res=$?
+
+        # Check if we should exit because bisection is finished
+	test $res -eq 10 && exit 0
 
-	# We should exit here only if the "bad"
-	# commit is also a "skip" commit (see above).
-	exit_if_skipped_commits "$bisect_rev"
+	# Check for an error in the bisection process
+	test $res -ne 0 && exit $res
 
-	bisect_checkout "$bisect_rev" "$bisect_nr revisions left to test after this"
+	return 0
 }
 
 bisect_visualize() {
@@ -508,7 +288,7 @@ bisect_visualize() {
 
 	if test $# = 0
 	then
-		case "${DISPLAY+set}${MSYSTEM+set}${SECURITYSESSIONID+set}" in
+		case "${DISPLAY+set}${SESSIONNAME+set}${MSYSTEM+set}${SECURITYSESSIONID+set}" in
 		'')	set git log ;;
 		set*)	set gitk ;;
 		esac
@@ -520,8 +300,7 @@ bisect_visualize() {
 		esac
 	fi
 
-	not=$(git for-each-ref --format='%(refname)' "refs/bisect/good-*")
-	eval '"$@"' refs/bisect/bad --not $not -- $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES")
+	eval '"$@"' --bisect -- $(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_NAMES")
 }
 
 bisect_reset() {
@@ -531,13 +310,13 @@ bisect_reset() {
 	}
 	case "$#" in
 	0) branch=$(cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_START") ;;
-	1) git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$1" ||
-	       die "$1 does not seem to be a valid branch"
+	1) git rev-parse --quiet --verify "$1^{commit}" > /dev/null ||
+	       die "'$1' is not a valid commit"
 	   branch="$1" ;;
 	*)
 	    usage ;;
 	esac
-	git checkout "$branch" && bisect_clean_state
+	git checkout "$branch" -- && bisect_clean_state
 }
 
 bisect_clean_state() {
@@ -613,7 +392,7 @@ bisect_run () {
 
       cat "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN"
 
-      if grep "first bad commit could be any of" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" \
+      if sane_grep "first bad commit could be any of" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" \
 		> /dev/null; then
 	  echo >&2 "bisect run cannot continue any more"
 	  exit $res
@@ -625,7 +404,7 @@ bisect_run () {
 	  exit $res
       fi
 
-      if grep "is first bad commit" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" > /dev/null; then
+      if sane_grep "is the first bad commit" "$GIT_DIR/BISECT_RUN" > /dev/null; then
 	  echo "bisect run success"
 	  exit 0;
       fi
diff --git a/git-compat-util.h b/git-compat-util.h
index e20b1e858..5c596875c 100644
--- a/git-compat-util.h
+++ b/git-compat-util.h
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 /*
  * See if our compiler is known to support flexible array members.
  */
-#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
+#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) && (!defined(__SUNPRO_C) || (__SUNPRO_C > 0x580))
 # define FLEX_ARRAY /* empty */
 #elif defined(__GNUC__)
 # if (__GNUC__ >= 3)
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0]))
+#define bitsizeof(x)  (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(x))
 
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #define TYPEOF(x) (__typeof__(x))
@@ -33,19 +34,42 @@
 #define TYPEOF(x)
 #endif
 
-#define MSB(x, bits) ((x) & TYPEOF(x)(~0ULL << (sizeof(x) * 8 - (bits))))
+#define MSB(x, bits) ((x) & TYPEOF(x)(~0ULL << (bitsizeof(x) - (bits))))
 #define HAS_MULTI_BITS(i)  ((i) & ((i) - 1))  /* checks if an integer has more than 1 bit set */
 
+#define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d) (((n) + (d) - 1) / (d))
+
 /* Approximation of the length of the decimal representation of this type. */
 #define decimal_length(x)	((int)(sizeof(x) * 2.56 + 0.5) + 1)
 
-#if !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)  && !defined(__USLC__) && !defined(_M_UNIX)
+#if defined(__sun__)
+ /*
+  * On Solaris, when _XOPEN_EXTENDED is set, its header file
+  * forces the programs to be XPG4v2, defeating any _XOPEN_SOURCE
+  * setting to say we are XPG5 or XPG6.  Also on Solaris,
+  * XPG6 programs must be compiled with a c99 compiler, while
+  * non XPG6 programs must be compiled with a pre-c99 compiler.
+  */
+# if __STDC_VERSION__ - 0 >= 199901L
+# define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
+# else
+# define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
+# endif
+#elif !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)  && !defined(__USLC__) && !defined(_M_UNIX) && !defined(sgi)
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 /* glibc2 and AIX 5.3L need 500, OpenBSD needs 600 for S_ISLNK() */
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED 1 /* AIX 5.3L needs this */
 #endif
 #define _ALL_SOURCE 1
 #define _GNU_SOURCE 1
 #define _BSD_SOURCE 1
+#define _NETBSD_SOURCE 1
+#define _SGI_SOURCE 1
+
+#ifdef WIN32 /* Both MinGW and MSVC */
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN  /* stops windows.h including winsock.h */
+#include <winsock2.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
 
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -95,6 +119,16 @@
 /* pull in Windows compatibility stuff */
 #include "compat/mingw.h"
 #endif	/* __MINGW32__ */
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#include "compat/msvc.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_LIBGEN_H
+#include <libgen.h>
+#else
+#define basename gitbasename
+extern char *gitbasename(char *);
+#endif
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
 #include <iconv.h>
@@ -142,20 +176,26 @@
 
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #define NORETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
+#define NORETURN_PTR __attribute__((__noreturn__))
 #else
 #define NORETURN
+#define NORETURN_PTR
 #ifndef __attribute__
 #define __attribute__(x)
 #endif
 #endif
 
+#include "compat/bswap.h"
+
 /* General helper functions */
-extern void usage(const char *err) NORETURN;
-extern void die(const char *err, ...) NORETURN __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+extern NORETURN void usage(const char *err);
+extern NORETURN void usagef(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+extern NORETURN void die(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+extern NORETURN void die_errno(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern int error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern void warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
-extern void set_die_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params) NORETURN);
+extern void set_die_routine(NORETURN_PTR void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
 
 extern int prefixcmp(const char *str, const char *prefix);
 extern time_t tm_to_time_t(const struct tm *tm);
@@ -166,7 +206,7 @@ static inline const char *skip_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix)
 	return strncmp(str, prefix, len) ? NULL : str + len;
 }
 
-#ifdef NO_MMAP
+#if defined(NO_MMAP) || defined(USE_WIN32_MMAP)
 
 #ifndef PROT_READ
 #define PROT_READ 1
@@ -180,13 +220,19 @@ static inline const char *skip_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix)
 extern void *git_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
 extern int git_munmap(void *start, size_t length);
 
+#else /* NO_MMAP || USE_WIN32_MMAP */
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+
+#endif /* NO_MMAP || USE_WIN32_MMAP */
+
+#ifdef NO_MMAP
+
 /* This value must be multiple of (pagesize * 2) */
 #define DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE (1 * 1024 * 1024)
 
 #else /* NO_MMAP */
 
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-
 /* This value must be multiple of (pagesize * 2) */
 #define DEFAULT_PACKED_GIT_WINDOW_SIZE \
 	(sizeof(void*) >= 8 \
@@ -225,6 +271,11 @@ extern int gitsetenv(const char *, const char *, int);
 extern char *gitmkdtemp(char *);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
+#define mkstemps gitmkstemps
+extern int gitmkstemps(char *, int);
+#endif
+
 #ifdef NO_UNSETENV
 #define unsetenv gitunsetenv
 extern void gitunsetenv(const char *);
@@ -303,6 +354,8 @@ extern ssize_t xwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len);
 extern int xdup(int fd);
 extern FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode);
 extern int xmkstemp(char *template);
+extern int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern);
+extern int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, unsigned char *sha1);
 
 static inline size_t xsize_t(off_t len)
 {
@@ -317,6 +370,7 @@ static inline int has_extension(const char *filename, const char *ext)
 }
 
 /* Sane ctype - no locale, and works with signed chars */
+#undef isascii
 #undef isspace
 #undef isdigit
 #undef isalpha
@@ -327,13 +381,16 @@ extern unsigned char sane_ctype[256];
 #define GIT_SPACE 0x01
 #define GIT_DIGIT 0x02
 #define GIT_ALPHA 0x04
-#define GIT_SPECIAL 0x08
+#define GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL 0x08
+#define GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL 0x10
 #define sane_istest(x,mask) ((sane_ctype[(unsigned char)(x)] & (mask)) != 0)
+#define isascii(x) (((x) & ~0x7f) == 0)
 #define isspace(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_SPACE)
 #define isdigit(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_DIGIT)
 #define isalpha(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_ALPHA)
 #define isalnum(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_ALPHA | GIT_DIGIT)
-#define isspecial(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_SPECIAL)
+#define is_glob_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL)
+#define is_regex_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL | GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL)
 #define tolower(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0x20)
 #define toupper(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0)
 
@@ -382,4 +439,30 @@ void git_qsort(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
 # define FORCE_DIR_SET_GID 0
 #endif
 
+#ifdef NO_NSEC
+#undef USE_NSEC
+#define ST_CTIME_NSEC(st) 0
+#define ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) 0
+#else
+#ifdef USE_ST_TIMESPEC
+#define ST_CTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_ctimespec.tv_nsec))
+#define ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_mtimespec.tv_nsec))
+#else
+#define ST_CTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_ctim.tv_nsec))
+#define ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) ((unsigned int)((st).st_mtim.tv_nsec))
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef UNRELIABLE_FSTAT
+#define fstat_is_reliable() 0
+#else
+#define fstat_is_reliable() 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Preserves errno, prints a message, but gives no warning for ENOENT.
+ * Always returns the return value of unlink(2).
+ */
+int unlink_or_warn(const char *path);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
index 6d9f0ef0f..59b672213 100755
--- a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
+++ b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ use File::Basename qw(basename dirname);
 use File::Spec;
 use Git;
 
-our ($opt_h, $opt_P, $opt_p, $opt_v, $opt_c, $opt_f, $opt_a, $opt_m, $opt_d, $opt_u, $opt_w, $opt_W);
+our ($opt_h, $opt_P, $opt_p, $opt_v, $opt_c, $opt_f, $opt_a, $opt_m, $opt_d, $opt_u, $opt_w, $opt_W, $opt_k);
 
-getopts('uhPpvcfam:d:w:W');
+getopts('uhPpvcfkam:d:w:W');
 
 $opt_h && usage();
 
@@ -225,7 +225,14 @@ if (@canstatusfiles) {
       foreach my $name (keys %todo) {
 	my $basename = basename($name);
 
-	$basename = "no file " . $basename if (exists($added{$basename}));
+	# CVS reports files that don't exist in the current revision as
+	# "no file $basename" in its "status" output, so we should
+	# anticipate that.  Totally unknown files will have a status
+	# "Unknown". However, if they exist in the Attic, their status
+	# will be "Up-to-date" (this means they were added once but have
+	# been removed).
+	$basename = "no file $basename" if $added{$basename};
+
 	$basename =~ s/^\s+//;
 	$basename =~ s/\s+$//;
 
@@ -233,31 +240,46 @@ if (@canstatusfiles) {
 	  $fullname{$basename} = $name;
 	  push (@canstatusfiles2, $name);
 	  delete($todo{$name});
-        }
+	}
       }
       my @cvsoutput;
       @cvsoutput = xargs_safe_pipe_capture([@cvs, 'status'], @canstatusfiles2);
       foreach my $l (@cvsoutput) {
-        chomp $l;
-        if ($l =~ /^File:\s+(.*\S)\s+Status: (.*)$/) {
-	  if (!exists($fullname{$1})) {
-	    print STDERR "Huh? Status reported for unexpected file '$1'\n";
-	  } else {
-	    $cvsstat{$fullname{$1}} = $2;
-	  }
-	}
+	chomp $l;
+	next unless
+	    my ($file, $status) = $l =~ /^File:\s+(.*\S)\s+Status: (.*)$/;
+
+	my $fullname = $fullname{$file};
+	print STDERR "Huh? Status '$status' reported for unexpected file '$file'\n"
+	    unless defined $fullname;
+
+	# This response means the file does not exist except in
+	# CVS's attic, so set the status accordingly
+	$status = "In-attic"
+	    if $file =~ /^no file /
+		&& $status eq 'Up-to-date';
+
+	$cvsstat{$fullname{$file}} = $status
+	    if defined $fullname{$file};
       }
     }
 }
 
-# ... validate new files,
+# ... Validate that new files have the correct status
 foreach my $f (@afiles) {
-    if (defined ($cvsstat{$f}) and $cvsstat{$f} ne "Unknown") {
-	$dirty = 1;
+    next unless defined(my $stat = $cvsstat{$f});
+
+    # This means the file has never been seen before
+    next if $stat eq 'Unknown';
+
+    # This means the file has been seen before but was removed
+    next if $stat eq 'In-attic';
+
+    $dirty = 1;
 	warn "File $f is already known in your CVS checkout -- perhaps it has been added by another user. Or this may indicate that it exists on a different branch. If this is the case, use -f to force the merge.\n";
 	warn "Status was: $cvsstat{$f}\n";
-    }
 }
+
 # ... validate known files.
 foreach my $f (@files) {
     next if grep { $_ eq $f } @afiles;
@@ -266,7 +288,26 @@ foreach my $f (@files) {
 	$dirty = 1;
 	warn "File $f not up to date but has status '$cvsstat{$f}' in your CVS checkout!\n";
     }
+
+    # Depending on how your GIT tree got imported from CVS you may
+    # have a conflict between expanded keywords in your CVS tree and
+    # unexpanded keywords in the patch about to be applied.
+    if ($opt_k) {
+	my $orig_file ="$f.orig";
+	rename $f, $orig_file;
+	open(FILTER_IN, "<$orig_file") or die "Cannot open $orig_file\n";
+	open(FILTER_OUT, ">$f") or die "Cannot open $f\n";
+	while (<FILTER_IN>)
+	{
+	    my $line = $_;
+	    $line =~ s/\$([A-Z][a-z]+):[^\$]+\$/\$$1\$/g;
+	    print FILTER_OUT $line;
+	}
+	close FILTER_IN;
+	close FILTER_OUT;
+    }
 }
+
 if ($dirty) {
     if ($opt_f) {	warn "The tree is not clean -- forced merge\n";
 	$dirty = 0;
@@ -370,7 +411,7 @@ sleep(1);
 
 sub usage {
 	print STDERR <<END;
-Usage: GIT_DIR=/path/to/.git git cvsexportcommit [-h] [-p] [-v] [-c] [-f] [-u] [-w cvsworkdir] [-m msgprefix] [ parent ] commit
+Usage: GIT_DIR=/path/to/.git git cvsexportcommit [-h] [-p] [-v] [-c] [-f] [-u] [-k] [-w cvsworkdir] [-m msgprefix] [ parent ] commit
 END
 	exit(1);
 }
diff --git a/git-cvsimport.perl b/git-cvsimport.perl
index e43920296..a7d215c8a 100755
--- a/git-cvsimport.perl
+++ b/git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -238,7 +238,9 @@ sub conn {
 		}
 		my $rr = ":pserver:$user\@$serv:$port$repo";
 
-		unless ($pass) {
+		if ($pass) {
+			$pass = $self->_scramble($pass);
+		} else {
 			open(H,$ENV{'HOME'}."/.cvspass") and do {
 				# :pserver:cvs@mea.tmt.tele.fi:/cvsroot/zmailer Ah<Z
 				while (<H>) {
@@ -251,8 +253,8 @@ sub conn {
 					}
 				}
 			};
+			$pass = "A" unless $pass;
 		}
-		$pass="A" unless $pass;
 
 		my ($s, $rep);
 		if ($proxyhost) {
@@ -484,6 +486,42 @@ sub _fetchfile {
 	return $res;
 }
 
+sub _scramble {
+	my ($self, $pass) = @_;
+	my $scrambled = "A";
+
+	return $scrambled unless $pass;
+
+	my $pass_len = length($pass);
+	my @pass_arr = split("", $pass);
+	my $i;
+
+	# from cvs/src/scramble.c
+	my @shifts = (
+		  0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
+		 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31,
+		114,120, 53, 79, 96,109, 72,108, 70, 64, 76, 67,116, 74, 68, 87,
+		111, 52, 75,119, 49, 34, 82, 81, 95, 65,112, 86,118,110,122,105,
+		 41, 57, 83, 43, 46,102, 40, 89, 38,103, 45, 50, 42,123, 91, 35,
+		125, 55, 54, 66,124,126, 59, 47, 92, 71,115, 78, 88,107,106, 56,
+		 36,121,117,104,101,100, 69, 73, 99, 63, 94, 93, 39, 37, 61, 48,
+		 58,113, 32, 90, 44, 98, 60, 51, 33, 97, 62, 77, 84, 80, 85,223,
+		225,216,187,166,229,189,222,188,141,249,148,200,184,136,248,190,
+		199,170,181,204,138,232,218,183,255,234,220,247,213,203,226,193,
+		174,172,228,252,217,201,131,230,197,211,145,238,161,179,160,212,
+		207,221,254,173,202,146,224,151,140,196,205,130,135,133,143,246,
+		192,159,244,239,185,168,215,144,139,165,180,157,147,186,214,176,
+		227,231,219,169,175,156,206,198,129,164,150,210,154,177,134,127,
+		182,128,158,208,162,132,167,209,149,241,153,251,237,236,171,195,
+		243,233,253,240,194,250,191,155,142,137,245,235,163,242,178,152
+	);
+
+	for ($i = 0; $i < $pass_len; $i++) {
+		$scrambled .= pack("C", $shifts[ord($pass_arr[$i])]);
+	}
+
+	return $scrambled;
+}
 
 package main;
 
@@ -541,10 +579,21 @@ sub get_headref ($) {
 	return $r;
 }
 
+my $user_filename_prepend = '';
+sub munge_user_filename {
+	my $name = shift;
+	return File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute($name) ?
+		$name :
+		$user_filename_prepend . $name;
+}
+
 -d $git_tree
 	or mkdir($git_tree,0777)
 	or die "Could not create $git_tree: $!";
-chdir($git_tree);
+if ($git_tree ne '.') {
+	$user_filename_prepend = getwd() . '/';
+	chdir($git_tree);
+}
 
 my $last_branch = "";
 my $orig_branch = "";
@@ -606,7 +655,7 @@ unless (-d $git_dir) {
 -f "$git_dir/cvs-authors" and
   read_author_info("$git_dir/cvs-authors");
 if ($opt_A) {
-	read_author_info($opt_A);
+	read_author_info(munge_user_filename($opt_A));
 	write_author_info("$git_dir/cvs-authors");
 }
 
@@ -641,7 +690,7 @@ unless ($opt_P) {
 	$? == 0 or die "git-cvsimport: fatal: cvsps reported error\n";
 	close $cvspsfh;
 } else {
-	$cvspsfile = $opt_P;
+	$cvspsfile = munge_user_filename($opt_P);
 }
 
 open(CVS, "<$cvspsfile") or die $!;
diff --git a/git-cvsserver.perl b/git-cvsserver.perl
index b0a805c68..6dc45f5d4 100755
--- a/git-cvsserver.perl
+++ b/git-cvsserver.perl
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ my $methods = {
     'history'         => \&req_CATCHALL,
     'watchers'        => \&req_EMPTY,
     'editors'         => \&req_EMPTY,
+    'noop'            => \&req_EMPTY,
     'annotate'        => \&req_annotate,
     'Global_option'   => \&req_Globaloption,
     #'annotate'        => \&req_CATCHALL,
@@ -284,7 +285,7 @@ sub req_Root
        return 0;
     }
 
-    my @gitvars = `git-config -l`;
+    my @gitvars = `git config -l`;
     if ($?) {
        print "E problems executing git-config on the server -- this is not a git repository or the PATH is not set correctly.\n";
         print "E \n";
@@ -701,7 +702,7 @@ sub req_Modified
     # Save the file data in $state
     $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_filename} = $filename;
     $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_mode} = $mode;
-    $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_hash} = `git-hash-object $filename`;
+    $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_hash} = `git hash-object $filename`;
     $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data}{modified_hash} =~ s/\s.*$//s;
 
     #$log->debug("req_Modified : file=$data mode=$mode size=$size");
@@ -1288,7 +1289,7 @@ sub req_ci
 
 	# do a checkout of the file if it is part of this tree
         if ($wrev) {
-            system('git-checkout-index', '-f', '-u', $filename);
+            system('git', 'checkout-index', '-f', '-u', $filename);
             unless ($? == 0) {
                 die "Error running git-checkout-index -f -u $filename : $!";
             }
@@ -1330,15 +1331,15 @@ sub req_ci
         {
             $log->info("Removing file '$filename'");
             unlink($filename);
-            system("git-update-index", "--remove", $filename);
+            system("git", "update-index", "--remove", $filename);
         }
         elsif ( $addflag )
         {
             $log->info("Adding file '$filename'");
-            system("git-update-index", "--add", $filename);
+            system("git", "update-index", "--add", $filename);
         } else {
             $log->info("Updating file '$filename'");
-            system("git-update-index", $filename);
+            system("git", "update-index", $filename);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1350,7 +1351,7 @@ sub req_ci
         return;
     }
 
-    my $treehash = `git-write-tree`;
+    my $treehash = `git write-tree`;
     chomp $treehash;
 
     $log->debug("Treehash : $treehash, Parenthash : $parenthash");
@@ -1358,10 +1359,16 @@ sub req_ci
     # write our commit message out if we have one ...
     my ( $msg_fh, $msg_filename ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
     print $msg_fh $state->{opt}{m};# if ( exists ( $state->{opt}{m} ) );
-    print $msg_fh "\n\nvia git-CVS emulator\n";
+    if ( defined ( $cfg->{gitcvs}{commitmsgannotation} ) ) {
+        if ($cfg->{gitcvs}{commitmsgannotation} !~ /^\s*$/ ) {
+            print $msg_fh "\n\n".$cfg->{gitcvs}{commitmsgannotation}."\n"
+        }
+    } else {
+        print $msg_fh "\n\nvia git-CVS emulator\n";
+    }
     close $msg_fh;
 
-    my $commithash = `git-commit-tree $treehash -p $parenthash < $msg_filename`;
+    my $commithash = `git commit-tree $treehash -p $parenthash < $msg_filename`;
     chomp($commithash);
     $log->info("Commit hash : $commithash");
 
@@ -1407,14 +1414,14 @@ sub req_ci
 		close $pipe || die "bad pipe: $! $?";
 	}
 
+    $updater->update();
+
 	### Then hooks/post-update
 	$hook = $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/post-update';
 	if (-x $hook) {
 		system($hook, "refs/heads/$state->{module}");
 	}
 
-    $updater->update();
-
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
     foreach my $filename ( @committedfiles )
     {
@@ -1814,7 +1821,7 @@ sub req_annotate
 	# TODO: if we got a revision from the client, use that instead
 	# to look up the commithash in sqlite (still good to default to
 	# the current head as we do now)
-	system("git-read-tree", $lastseenin);
+	system("git", "read-tree", $lastseenin);
 	unless ($? == 0)
 	{
 	    print "E error running git-read-tree $lastseenin $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} $!\n";
@@ -1823,7 +1830,7 @@ sub req_annotate
 	$log->info("Created index '$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE}' with commit $lastseenin - exit status $?");
 
         # do a checkout of the file
-        system('git-checkout-index', '-f', '-u', $filename);
+        system('git', 'checkout-index', '-f', '-u', $filename);
         unless ($? == 0) {
             print "E error running git-checkout-index -f -u $filename : $!\n";
             return;
@@ -1854,7 +1861,7 @@ sub req_annotate
         close ANNOTATEHINTS
             or (print "E failed to write $a_hints: $!\n"), return;
 
-        my @cmd = (qw(git-annotate -l -S), $a_hints, $filename);
+        my @cmd = (qw(git annotate -l -S), $a_hints, $filename);
         if (!open(ANNOTATE, "-|", @cmd)) {
             print "E error invoking ". join(' ',@cmd) .": $!\n";
             return;
@@ -2071,17 +2078,17 @@ sub transmitfile
 
     die "Need filehash" unless ( defined ( $filehash ) and $filehash =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ );
 
-    my $type = `git-cat-file -t $filehash`;
+    my $type = `git cat-file -t $filehash`;
     chomp $type;
 
     die ( "Invalid type '$type' (expected 'blob')" ) unless ( defined ( $type ) and $type eq "blob" );
 
-    my $size = `git-cat-file -s $filehash`;
+    my $size = `git cat-file -s $filehash`;
     chomp $size;
 
     $log->debug("transmitfile($filehash) size=$size, type=$type");
 
-    if ( open my $fh, '-|', "git-cat-file", "blob", $filehash )
+    if ( open my $fh, '-|', "git", "cat-file", "blob", $filehash )
     {
         if ( defined ( $options->{targetfile} ) )
         {
@@ -2527,12 +2534,18 @@ sub open_blob_or_die
     return $fh;
 }
 
-# Generate a CVS author name from Git author information, by taking
-# the first eight characters of the user part of the email address.
+# Generate a CVS author name from Git author information, by taking the local
+# part of the email address and replacing characters not in the Portable
+# Filename Character Set (see IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, 3.276) by underscores. CVS
+# Login names are Unix login names, which should be restricted to this
+# character set.
 sub cvs_author
 {
     my $author_line = shift;
-    (my $author) = $author_line =~ /<([^>@]{1,8})/;
+    (my $author) = $author_line =~ /<([^@>]*)/;
+
+    $author =~ s/[^-a-zA-Z0-9_.]/_/g;
+    $author =~ s/^-/_/;
 
     $author;
 }
@@ -2922,7 +2935,7 @@ sub update
         push @git_log_params, $self->{module};
     }
     # git-rev-list is the backend / plumbing version of git-log
-    open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git-rev-list', @git_log_params) or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
+    open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git', 'rev-list', @git_log_params) or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
 
     my @commits;
 
@@ -3008,7 +3021,7 @@ sub update
                         next;
                     }
 		    my $base = eval {
-			    safe_pipe_capture('git-merge-base',
+			    safe_pipe_capture('git', 'merge-base',
 						 $lastpicked, $parent);
 		    };
 		    # The two branches may not be related at all,
@@ -3020,7 +3033,7 @@ sub update
                     if ($base) {
                         my @merged;
                         # print "want to log between  $base $parent \n";
-                        open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git-log', '--pretty=medium', "$base..$parent")
+                        open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git', 'log', '--pretty=medium', "$base..$parent")
 			  or die "Cannot call git-log: $!";
                         my $mergedhash;
                         while (<GITLOG>) {
@@ -3062,7 +3075,7 @@ sub update
 
         if ( defined ( $lastpicked ) )
         {
-            my $filepipe = open(FILELIST, '-|', 'git-diff-tree', '-z', '-r', $lastpicked, $commit->{hash}) or die("Cannot call git-diff-tree : $!");
+            my $filepipe = open(FILELIST, '-|', 'git', 'diff-tree', '-z', '-r', $lastpicked, $commit->{hash}) or die("Cannot call git-diff-tree : $!");
 	    local ($/) = "\0";
             while ( <FILELIST> )
             {
@@ -3136,7 +3149,7 @@ sub update
             # this is used to detect files removed from the repo
             my $seen_files = {};
 
-            my $filepipe = open(FILELIST, '-|', 'git-ls-tree', '-z', '-r', $commit->{hash}) or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
+            my $filepipe = open(FILELIST, '-|', 'git', 'ls-tree', '-z', '-r', $commit->{hash}) or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
 	    local $/ = "\0";
             while ( <FILELIST> )
             {
@@ -3438,7 +3451,7 @@ sub commitmessage
         return $message;
     }
 
-    my @lines = safe_pipe_capture("git-cat-file", "commit", $commithash);
+    my @lines = safe_pipe_capture("git", "cat-file", "commit", $commithash);
     shift @lines while ( $lines[0] =~ /\S/ );
     $message = join("",@lines);
     $message .= " " if ( $message =~ /\n$/ );
diff --git a/git-difftool--helper.sh b/git-difftool--helper.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..57e8e3256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-difftool--helper.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# git-difftool--helper is a GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible diff tool launcher.
+# This script is typically launched by using the 'git difftool'
+# convenience command.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 David Aguilar
+
+# Load common functions from git-mergetool--lib
+TOOL_MODE=diff
+. git-mergetool--lib
+
+# difftool.prompt controls the default prompt/no-prompt behavior
+# and is overridden with $GIT_DIFFTOOL*_PROMPT.
+should_prompt () {
+	prompt=$(git config --bool difftool.prompt || echo true)
+	if test "$prompt" = true; then
+		test -z "$GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT"
+	else
+		test -n "$GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT"
+	fi
+}
+
+# Sets up shell variables and runs a merge tool
+launch_merge_tool () {
+	# Merged is the filename as it appears in the work tree
+	# Local is the contents of a/filename
+	# Remote is the contents of b/filename
+	# Custom merge tool commands might use $BASE so we provide it
+	MERGED="$1"
+	LOCAL="$2"
+	REMOTE="$3"
+	BASE="$1"
+
+	# $LOCAL and $REMOTE are temporary files so prompt
+	# the user with the real $MERGED name before launching $merge_tool.
+	if should_prompt; then
+		printf "\nViewing: '$MERGED'\n"
+		printf "Hit return to launch '%s': " "$merge_tool"
+		read ans
+	fi
+
+	# Run the appropriate merge tool command
+	run_merge_tool "$merge_tool"
+}
+
+# Allow GIT_DIFF_TOOL and GIT_MERGE_TOOL to provide default values
+test -n "$GIT_MERGE_TOOL" && merge_tool="$GIT_MERGE_TOOL"
+test -n "$GIT_DIFF_TOOL" && merge_tool="$GIT_DIFF_TOOL"
+
+if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
+	merge_tool="$(get_merge_tool)" || exit
+fi
+
+# Launch the merge tool on each path provided by 'git diff'
+while test $# -gt 6
+do
+	launch_merge_tool "$1" "$2" "$5"
+	shift 7
+done
diff --git a/git-difftool.perl b/git-difftool.perl
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ba5e60a45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-difftool.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+# Copyright (c) 2009 David Aguilar
+#
+# This is a wrapper around the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible
+# git-difftool--helper script.
+#
+# This script exports GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and GIT_PAGER for use by git.
+# GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT, GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT, and GIT_DIFF_TOOL
+# are exported for use by git-difftool--helper.
+#
+# Any arguments that are unknown to this script are forwarded to 'git diff'.
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Cwd qw(abs_path);
+use File::Basename qw(dirname);
+
+my $DIR = abs_path(dirname($0));
+
+
+sub usage
+{
+	print << 'USAGE';
+usage: git difftool [--tool=<tool>] [-y|--no-prompt] ["git diff" options]
+USAGE
+	exit 1;
+}
+
+sub setup_environment
+{
+	$ENV{PATH} = "$DIR:$ENV{PATH}";
+	$ENV{GIT_PAGER} = '';
+	$ENV{GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF} = 'git-difftool--helper';
+}
+
+sub exe
+{
+	my $exe = shift;
+	if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' || $^O eq 'msys') {
+		return "$exe.exe";
+	}
+	return $exe;
+}
+
+sub generate_command
+{
+	my @command = (exe('git'), 'diff');
+	my $skip_next = 0;
+	my $idx = -1;
+	for my $arg (@ARGV) {
+		$idx++;
+		if ($skip_next) {
+			$skip_next = 0;
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '-t' || $arg eq '--tool') {
+			usage() if $#ARGV <= $idx;
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $ARGV[$idx + 1];
+			$skip_next = 1;
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg =~ /^--tool=/) {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = substr($arg, 7);
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '-y' || $arg eq '--no-prompt') {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT} = 'true';
+			delete $ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT};
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '--prompt') {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT} = 'true';
+			delete $ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT};
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($arg eq '-h' || $arg eq '--help') {
+			usage();
+		}
+		push @command, $arg;
+	}
+	return @command
+}
+
+setup_environment();
+
+# ActiveState Perl for Win32 does not implement POSIX semantics of
+# exec* system call. It just spawns the given executable and finishes
+# the starting program, exiting with code 0.
+# system will at least catch the errors returned by git diff,
+# allowing the caller of git difftool better handling of failures.
+my $rc = system(generate_command());
+exit($rc | ($rc >> 8));
diff --git a/git-filter-branch.sh b/git-filter-branch.sh
index 81392add0..cb9d2022c 100755
--- a/git-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/git-filter-branch.sh
@@ -40,6 +40,16 @@ skip_commit()
 	done;
 }
 
+# if you run 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' in a commit filter,
+# it will skip commits that leave the tree untouched, commit the other.
+git_commit_non_empty_tree()
+{
+	if test $# = 3 && test "$1" = $(git rev-parse "$3^{tree}"); then
+		map "$3"
+	else
+		git commit-tree "$@"
+	fi
+}
 # override die(): this version puts in an extra line break, so that
 # the progress is still visible
 
@@ -87,18 +97,18 @@ set_ident () {
 	echo "case \"\$GIT_${uid}_NAME\" in \"\") GIT_${uid}_NAME=\"\${GIT_${uid}_EMAIL%%@*}\" && export GIT_${uid}_NAME;; esac"
 }
 
-USAGE="[--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>] \
-[--index-filter <command>] [--parent-filter <command>] \
-[--msg-filter <command>] [--commit-filter <command>] \
-[--tag-name-filter <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>] \
-[--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force] \
-[<rev-list options>...]"
+USAGE="[--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>]
+            [--index-filter <command>] [--parent-filter <command>]
+            [--msg-filter <command>] [--commit-filter <command>]
+            [--tag-name-filter <command>] [--subdirectory-filter <directory>]
+            [--original <namespace>] [-d <directory>] [-f | --force]
+            [<rev-list options>...]"
 
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 
 if [ "$(is_bare_repository)" = false ]; then
-	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-files --ignore-submodules --quiet &&
 	git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- ||
 	die "Cannot rewrite branch(es) with a dirty working directory."
 fi
@@ -109,11 +119,13 @@ filter_tree=
 filter_index=
 filter_parent=
 filter_msg=cat
-filter_commit='git commit-tree "$@"'
+filter_commit=
 filter_tag_name=
 filter_subdir=
 orig_namespace=refs/original/
 force=
+prune_empty=
+remap_to_ancestor=
 while :
 do
 	case "$1" in
@@ -126,6 +138,16 @@ do
 		force=t
 		continue
 		;;
+	--remap-to-ancestor)
+		shift
+		remap_to_ancestor=t
+		continue
+		;;
+	--prune-empty)
+		shift
+		prune_empty=t
+		continue
+		;;
 	-*)
 		;;
 	*)
@@ -166,6 +188,7 @@ do
 		;;
 	--subdirectory-filter)
 		filter_subdir="$OPTARG"
+		remap_to_ancestor=t
 		;;
 	--original)
 		orig_namespace=$(expr "$OPTARG/" : '\(.*[^/]\)/*$')/
@@ -176,6 +199,17 @@ do
 	esac
 done
 
+case "$prune_empty,$filter_commit" in
+,)
+	filter_commit='git commit-tree "$@"';;
+t,)
+	filter_commit="$functions;"' git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"';;
+,*)
+	;;
+*)
+	die "Cannot set --prune-empty and --filter-commit at the same time"
+esac
+
 case "$force" in
 t)
 	rm -rf "$tempdir"
@@ -193,13 +227,21 @@ die ""
 # Remove tempdir on exit
 trap 'cd ../..; rm -rf "$tempdir"' 0
 
+ORIG_GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR"
+ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE="$GIT_WORK_TREE"
+ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE="$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
+GIT_WORK_TREE=.
+export GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE
+
 # Make sure refs/original is empty
-git for-each-ref > "$tempdir"/backup-refs
+git for-each-ref > "$tempdir"/backup-refs || exit
 while read sha1 type name
 do
 	case "$force,$name" in
 	,$orig_namespace*)
-		die "Namespace $orig_namespace not empty"
+		die "Cannot create a new backup.
+A previous backup already exists in $orig_namespace
+Force overwriting the backup with -f"
 	;;
 	t,$orig_namespace*)
 		git update-ref -d "$name" $sha1
@@ -207,15 +249,10 @@ do
 	esac
 done < "$tempdir"/backup-refs
 
-ORIG_GIT_DIR="$GIT_DIR"
-ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE="$GIT_WORK_TREE"
-ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE="$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
-GIT_WORK_TREE=.
-export GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE
-
 # The refs should be updated if their heads were rewritten
-git rev-parse --no-flags --revs-only --symbolic-full-name --default HEAD "$@" |
-sed -e '/^^/d' >"$tempdir"/heads
+git rev-parse --no-flags --revs-only --symbolic-full-name \
+	--default HEAD "$@" > "$tempdir"/raw-heads || exit
+sed -e '/^^/d' "$tempdir"/raw-heads >"$tempdir"/heads
 
 test -s "$tempdir"/heads ||
 	die "Which ref do you want to rewrite?"
@@ -224,30 +261,37 @@ GIT_INDEX_FILE="$(pwd)/../index"
 export GIT_INDEX_FILE
 git read-tree || die "Could not seed the index"
 
-ret=0
-
 # map old->new commit ids for rewriting parents
 mkdir ../map || die "Could not create map/ directory"
 
+# we need "--" only if there are no path arguments in $@
+nonrevs=$(git rev-parse --no-revs "$@") || exit
+test -z "$nonrevs" && dashdash=-- || dashdash=
+rev_args=$(git rev-parse --revs-only "$@")
+
 case "$filter_subdir" in
 "")
-	git rev-list --reverse --topo-order --default HEAD \
-		--parents --simplify-merges "$@"
+	eval set -- "$(git rev-parse --sq --no-revs "$@")"
 	;;
 *)
-	git rev-list --reverse --topo-order --default HEAD \
-		--parents --simplify-merges "$@" -- "$filter_subdir"
-esac > ../revs || die "Could not get the commits"
+	eval set -- "$(git rev-parse --sq --no-revs "$@" $dashdash \
+		"$filter_subdir")"
+	;;
+esac
+
+git rev-list --reverse --topo-order --default HEAD \
+	--parents --simplify-merges $rev_args "$@" > ../revs ||
+	die "Could not get the commits"
 commits=$(wc -l <../revs | tr -d " ")
 
 test $commits -eq 0 && die "Found nothing to rewrite"
 
 # Rewrite the commits
 
-i=0
+git_filter_branch__commit_count=0
 while read commit parents; do
-	i=$(($i+1))
-	printf "\rRewrite $commit ($i/$commits)"
+	git_filter_branch__commit_count=$(($git_filter_branch__commit_count+1))
+	printf "\rRewrite $commit ($git_filter_branch__commit_count/$commits)"
 
 	case "$filter_subdir" in
 	"")
@@ -256,7 +300,7 @@ while read commit parents; do
 	*)
 		# The commit may not have the subdirectory at all
 		err=$(git read-tree -i -m $commit:"$filter_subdir" 2>&1) || {
-			if ! git rev-parse --verify $commit:"$filter_subdir" 2>/dev/null
+			if ! git rev-parse -q --verify $commit:"$filter_subdir"
 			then
 				rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
 			else
@@ -288,10 +332,11 @@ while read commit parents; do
 			die "tree filter failed: $filter_tree"
 
 		(
-			git diff-index -r --name-only $commit
+			git diff-index -r --name-only $commit &&
 			git ls-files --others
-		) |
-		git update-index --add --replace --remove --stdin
+		) > "$tempdir"/tree-state || exit
+		git update-index --add --replace --remove --stdin \
+			< "$tempdir"/tree-state || exit
 	fi
 
 	eval "$filter_index" < /dev/null ||
@@ -312,22 +357,23 @@ while read commit parents; do
 		eval "$filter_msg" > ../message ||
 			die "msg filter failed: $filter_msg"
 	@SHELL_PATH@ -c "$filter_commit" "git commit-tree" \
-		$(git write-tree) $parentstr < ../message > ../map/$commit
+		$(git write-tree) $parentstr < ../message > ../map/$commit ||
+			die "could not write rewritten commit"
 done <../revs
 
-# In case of a subdirectory filter, it is possible that a specified head
-# is not in the set of rewritten commits, because it was pruned by the
-# revision walker.  Fix it by mapping these heads to the unique nearest
-# ancestor that survived the pruning.
+# If we are filtering for paths, as in the case of a subdirectory
+# filter, it is possible that a specified head is not in the set of
+# rewritten commits, because it was pruned by the revision walker.
+# Ancestor remapping fixes this by mapping these heads to the unique
+# nearest ancestor that survived the pruning.
 
-if test "$filter_subdir"
+if test "$remap_to_ancestor" = t
 then
 	while read ref
 	do
 		sha1=$(git rev-parse "$ref"^0)
 		test -f "$workdir"/../map/$sha1 && continue
-		ancestor=$(git rev-list --simplify-merges -1 \
-				$ref -- "$filter_subdir")
+		ancestor=$(git rev-list --simplify-merges -1 "$ref" "$@")
 		test "$ancestor" && echo $(map $ancestor) >> "$workdir"/../map/$sha1
 	done < "$tempdir"/heads
 fi
@@ -380,7 +426,8 @@ do
 			die "Could not rewrite $ref"
 	;;
 	esac
-	git update-ref -m "filter-branch: backup" "$orig_namespace$ref" $sha1
+	git update-ref -m "filter-branch: backup" "$orig_namespace$ref" $sha1 ||
+		 exit
 done < "$tempdir"/heads
 
 # TODO: This should possibly go, with the semantics that all positive given
@@ -399,7 +446,7 @@ if [ "$filter_tag_name" ]; then
 		if [ "$type" = "tag" ]; then
 			# Dereference to a commit
 			sha1t="$sha1"
-			sha1="$(git rev-parse "$sha1"^{commit} 2>/dev/null)" || continue
+			sha1="$(git rev-parse -q "$sha1"^{commit})" || continue
 		fi
 
 		[ -f "../map/$sha1" ] || continue
@@ -426,7 +473,7 @@ if [ "$filter_tag_name" ]; then
 				git mktag) ||
 				die "Could not create new tag object for $ref"
 			if git cat-file tag "$ref" | \
-			   grep '^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >/dev/null 2>&1
+			   sane_grep '^-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >/dev/null 2>&1
 			then
 				warn "gpg signature stripped from tag object $sha1t"
 			fi
@@ -442,20 +489,21 @@ rm -rf "$tempdir"
 
 trap - 0
 
+unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_INDEX_FILE
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_DIR" || {
+	GIT_DIR="$ORIG_GIT_DIR" && export GIT_DIR
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE" || {
+	GIT_WORK_TREE="$ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
+	export GIT_WORK_TREE
+}
+test -z "$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" || {
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" &&
+	export GIT_INDEX_FILE
+}
+
 if [ "$(is_bare_repository)" = false ]; then
-	unset GIT_DIR GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_INDEX_FILE
-	test -z "$ORIG_GIT_DIR" || {
-		GIT_DIR="$ORIG_GIT_DIR" && export GIT_DIR
-	}
-	test -z "$ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE" || {
-		GIT_WORK_TREE="$ORIG_GIT_WORK_TREE" &&
-		export GIT_WORK_TREE
-	}
-	test -z "$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" || {
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$ORIG_GIT_INDEX_FILE" &&
-		export GIT_INDEX_FILE
-	}
-	git read-tree -u -m HEAD
+	git read-tree -u -m HEAD || exit
 fi
 
-exit $ret
+exit 0
diff --git a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 4e709ebe7..b3f937eac 100755
--- a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=0.11.GITGUI
+DEF_VER=0.12.GITGUI
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/git-gui/Makefile b/git-gui/Makefile
index 3ad8a21b3..197b55edf 100644
--- a/git-gui/Makefile
+++ b/git-gui/Makefile
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ all::
 # TCL_PATH must be vaild for this to work.
 #
 
-GIT-VERSION-FILE: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
+GIT-VERSION-FILE: FORCE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
 -include GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
@@ -105,8 +105,11 @@ endif
 
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 	TKFRAMEWORK = /Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Resources/Wish.app
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '9\.'),2)
-		TKFRAMEWORK = /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Resources/Wish\ Shell.app
+	ifeq ($(shell echo "$(uname_R)" | awk -F. '{if ($$1 >= 9) print "y"}')_$(shell test -d $(TKFRAMEWORK) || echo n),y_n)
+		TKFRAMEWORK = /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Resources/Wish.app
+		ifeq ($(shell test -d $(TKFRAMEWORK) || echo n),n)
+			TKFRAMEWORK = /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Resources/Wish\ Shell.app
+		endif
 	endif
 	TKEXECUTABLE = $(shell basename "$(TKFRAMEWORK)" .app)
 endif
@@ -267,7 +270,7 @@ TRACK_VARS = \
 	GITGUI_MACOSXAPP=$(GITGUI_MACOSXAPP) \
 #end TRACK_VARS
 
-GIT-GUI-VARS: .FORCE-GIT-GUI-VARS
+GIT-GUI-VARS: FORCE
 	@VARS='$(TRACK_VARS)'; \
 	if test x"$$VARS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
 		echo 1>&2 "    * new locations or Tcl/Tk interpreter"; \
@@ -337,5 +340,4 @@ ifdef GITGUI_WINDOWS_WRAPPER
 endif
 
 .PHONY: all install uninstall dist-version clean
-.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE
-.PHONY: .FORCE-GIT-GUI-VARS
+.PHONY: FORCE
diff --git a/git-gui/git-gui.sh b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
index 8a4b42dbd..1fb3cbfc7 100755
--- a/git-gui/git-gui.sh
+++ b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ unset oguimsg
 set _appname {Git Gui}
 set _gitdir {}
 set _gitexec {}
+set _githtmldir {}
 set _reponame {}
 set _iscygwin {}
 set _search_path {}
@@ -168,6 +169,28 @@ proc gitexec {args} {
 	return [eval [list file join $_gitexec] $args]
 }
 
+proc githtmldir {args} {
+	global _githtmldir
+	if {$_githtmldir eq {}} {
+		if {[catch {set _githtmldir [git --html-path]}]} {
+			# Git not installed or option not yet supported
+			return {}
+		}
+		if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+			set _githtmldir [exec cygpath \
+				--windows \
+				--absolute \
+				$_githtmldir]
+		} else {
+			set _githtmldir [file normalize $_githtmldir]
+		}
+	}
+	if {$args eq {}} {
+		return $_githtmldir
+	}
+	return [eval [list file join $_githtmldir] $args]
+}
+
 proc reponame {} {
 	return $::_reponame
 }
@@ -640,10 +663,13 @@ font create font_diffbold
 font create font_diffitalic
 
 foreach class {Button Checkbutton Entry Label
-		Labelframe Listbox Menu Message
+		Labelframe Listbox Message
 		Radiobutton Spinbox Text} {
 	option add *$class.font font_ui
 }
+if {![is_MacOSX]} {
+	option add *Menu.font font_ui
+}
 unset class
 
 if {[is_Windows] || [is_MacOSX]} {
@@ -699,7 +725,7 @@ proc apply_config {} {
 
 set default_config(branch.autosetupmerge) true
 set default_config(merge.tool) {}
-set default_config(merge.keepbackup) true
+set default_config(mergetool.keepbackup) true
 set default_config(merge.diffstat) true
 set default_config(merge.summary) false
 set default_config(merge.verbosity) 2
@@ -719,6 +745,8 @@ set default_config(gui.newbranchtemplate) {}
 set default_config(gui.spellingdictionary) {}
 set default_config(gui.fontui) [font configure font_ui]
 set default_config(gui.fontdiff) [font configure font_diff]
+# TODO: this option should be added to the git-config documentation
+set default_config(gui.maxfilesdisplayed) 5000
 set font_descs {
 	{fontui   font_ui   {mc "Main Font"}}
 	{fontdiff font_diff {mc "Diff/Console Font"}}
@@ -769,9 +797,9 @@ if {![regsub {^git version } $_git_version {} _git_version]} {
 set _real_git_version $_git_version
 regsub -- {[\-\.]dirty$} $_git_version {} _git_version
 regsub {\.[0-9]+\.g[0-9a-f]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
-regsub {\.rc[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+regsub {\.[a-zA-Z]+\.?[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
 regsub {\.GIT$} $_git_version {} _git_version
-regsub {\.[a-zA-Z]+\.[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
+regsub {\.[a-zA-Z]+\.?[0-9]+$} $_git_version {} _git_version
 
 if {![regexp {^[1-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+$} $_git_version]} {
 	catch {wm withdraw .}
@@ -1046,6 +1074,8 @@ if {[catch {
 		set _prefix {}
 		}]
 	&& [catch {
+		# beware that from the .git dir this sets _gitdir to .
+		# and _prefix to the empty string
 		set _gitdir [git rev-parse --git-dir]
 		set _prefix [git rev-parse --show-prefix]
 	} err]} {
@@ -1054,6 +1084,14 @@ if {[catch {
 	choose_repository::pick
 	set picked 1
 }
+
+# we expand the _gitdir when it's just a single dot (i.e. when we're being
+# run from the .git dir itself) lest the routines to find the worktree
+# get confused
+if {$_gitdir eq "."} {
+	set _gitdir [pwd]
+}
+
 if {![file isdirectory $_gitdir] && [is_Cygwin]} {
 	catch {set _gitdir [exec cygpath --windows $_gitdir]}
 }
@@ -1106,8 +1144,10 @@ set current_branch {}
 set is_detached 0
 set current_diff_path {}
 set is_3way_diff 0
+set is_submodule_diff 0
 set is_conflict_diff 0
 set selected_commit_type new
+set diff_empty_count 0
 
 set nullid "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
 set nullid2 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000001"
@@ -1583,6 +1623,9 @@ proc merge_state {path new_state {head_info {}} {index_info {}}} {
 	} elseif {$s0 ne {_} && [string index $state 0] eq {_}
 		&& $head_info eq {}} {
 		set head_info $index_info
+	} elseif {$s0 eq {_} && [string index $state 0] ne {_}} {
+		set index_info $head_info
+		set head_info {}
 	}
 
 	set file_states($path) [list $s0$s1 $icon \
@@ -1671,10 +1714,12 @@ proc display_all_files_helper {w path icon_name m} {
 	$w insert end "[escape_path $path]\n"
 }
 
+set files_warning 0
 proc display_all_files {} {
 	global ui_index ui_workdir
 	global file_states file_lists
 	global last_clicked
+	global files_warning
 
 	$ui_index conf -state normal
 	$ui_workdir conf -state normal
@@ -1686,7 +1731,18 @@ proc display_all_files {} {
 	set file_lists($ui_index) [list]
 	set file_lists($ui_workdir) [list]
 
-	foreach path [lsort [array names file_states]] {
+	set to_display [lsort [array names file_states]]
+	set display_limit [get_config gui.maxfilesdisplayed]
+	if {[llength $to_display] > $display_limit} {
+		if {!$files_warning} {
+			# do not repeatedly warn:
+			set files_warning 1
+			info_popup [mc "Displaying only %s of %s files." \
+				$display_limit [llength $to_display]]
+		}
+		set to_display [lrange $to_display 0 [expr {$display_limit-1}]]
+	}
+	foreach path $to_display {
 		set s $file_states($path)
 		set m [lindex $s 0]
 		set icon_name [lindex $s 1]
@@ -1898,7 +1954,7 @@ proc do_gitk {revs} {
 		cd [file dirname [gitdir]]
 		set env(GIT_DIR) [file tail [gitdir]]
 
-		eval exec $cmd $revs &
+		eval exec $cmd $revs "--" "--" &
 
 		if {$old_GIT_DIR eq {}} {
 			unset env(GIT_DIR)
@@ -1924,7 +1980,7 @@ proc do_explore {} {
 		# freedesktop.org-conforming system is our best shot
 		set explorer "xdg-open"
 	}
-	eval exec $explorer [file dirname [gitdir]] &
+	eval exec $explorer [list [file nativename [file dirname [gitdir]]]] &
 }
 
 set is_quitting 0
@@ -1983,6 +2039,19 @@ proc do_quit {{rc {1}}} {
 
 		# -- Stash our current window geometry into this repository.
 		#
+		set cfg_wmstate [wm state .]
+		if {[catch {set rc_wmstate $repo_config(gui.wmstate)}]} {
+			set rc_wmstate {}
+		}
+		if {$cfg_wmstate ne $rc_wmstate} {
+			catch {git config gui.wmstate $cfg_wmstate}
+		}
+		if {$cfg_wmstate eq {zoomed}} {
+			# on Windows wm geometry will lie about window
+			# position (but not size) when window is zoomed
+			# restore the window before querying wm geometry
+			wm state . normal
+		}
 		set cfg_geometry [list]
 		lappend cfg_geometry [wm geometry .]
 		lappend cfg_geometry [lindex [.vpane sash coord 0] 0]
@@ -1996,6 +2065,11 @@ proc do_quit {{rc {1}}} {
 	}
 
 	set ret_code $rc
+
+	# Briefly enable send again, working around Tk bug
+	# http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=112997&aid=1821174&group_id=12997
+	tk appname [appname]
+
 	destroy .
 }
 
@@ -2277,6 +2351,12 @@ set ui_comm {}
 # -- Menu Bar
 #
 menu .mbar -tearoff 0
+if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+	# -- Apple Menu (Mac OS X only)
+	#
+	.mbar add cascade -label Apple -menu .mbar.apple
+	menu .mbar.apple
+}
 .mbar add cascade -label [mc Repository] -menu .mbar.repository
 .mbar add cascade -label [mc Edit] -menu .mbar.edit
 if {[is_enabled branch]} {
@@ -2292,7 +2372,6 @@ if {[is_enabled transport]} {
 if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
 	.mbar add cascade -label [mc Tools] -menu .mbar.tools
 }
-. configure -menu .mbar
 
 # -- Repository Menu
 #
@@ -2477,12 +2556,14 @@ if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
 	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Unstage From Commit"] \
-		-command do_unstage_selection
+		-command do_unstage_selection \
+		-accelerator $M1T-U
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
 	.mbar.commit add command -label [mc "Revert Changes"] \
-		-command do_revert_selection
+		-command do_revert_selection \
+		-accelerator $M1T-J
 	lappend disable_on_lock \
 		[list .mbar.commit entryconf [.mbar.commit index last] -state]
 
@@ -2545,19 +2626,7 @@ if {[is_enabled transport]} {
 }
 
 if {[is_MacOSX]} {
-	# -- Apple Menu (Mac OS X only)
-	#
-	.mbar add cascade -label Apple -menu .mbar.apple
-	menu .mbar.apple
-
-	.mbar.apple add command -label [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
-		-command do_about
-	.mbar.apple add separator
-	.mbar.apple add command \
-		-label [mc "Preferences..."] \
-		-command do_options \
-		-accelerator $M1T-,
-	bind . <$M1B-,> do_options
+	proc ::tk::mac::ShowPreferences {} {do_options}
 } else {
 	# -- Edit Menu
 	#
@@ -2585,17 +2654,23 @@ if {[is_enabled multicommit] || [is_enabled singlecommit]} {
 .mbar add cascade -label [mc Help] -menu .mbar.help
 menu .mbar.help
 
-if {![is_MacOSX]} {
+if {[is_MacOSX]} {
+	.mbar.apple add command -label [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
+		-command do_about
+	.mbar.apple add separator
+} else {
 	.mbar.help add command -label [mc "About %s" [appname]] \
 		-command do_about
 }
+. configure -menu .mbar
 
+set doc_path [githtmldir]
+if {$doc_path ne {}} {
+	set doc_path [file join $doc_path index.html]
 
-set doc_path [file dirname [gitexec]]
-set doc_path [file join $doc_path Documentation index.html]
-
-if {[is_Cygwin]} {
-	set doc_path [exec cygpath --mixed $doc_path]
+	if {[is_Cygwin]} {
+		set doc_path [exec cygpath --mixed $doc_path]
+	}
 }
 
 if {[file isfile $doc_path]} {
@@ -2630,6 +2705,20 @@ proc usage {} {
 	exit 1
 }
 
+proc normalize_relpath {path} {
+	set elements {}
+	foreach item [file split $path] {
+		if {$item eq {.}} continue
+		if {$item eq {..} && [llength $elements] > 0
+		    && [lindex $elements end] ne {..}} {
+			set elements [lrange $elements 0 end-1]
+			continue
+		}
+		lappend elements $item
+	}
+	return [eval file join $elements]
+}
+
 # -- Not a normal commit type invocation?  Do that instead!
 #
 switch -- $subcommand {
@@ -2648,7 +2737,7 @@ blame {
 	foreach a $argv {
 		if {$is_path || [file exists $_prefix$a]} {
 			if {$path ne {}} usage
-			set path $_prefix$a
+			set path [normalize_relpath $_prefix$a]
 			break
 		} elseif {$a eq {--}} {
 			if {$path ne {}} {
@@ -2671,7 +2760,7 @@ blame {
 	unset is_path
 
 	if {$head ne {} && $path eq {}} {
-		set path $_prefix$head
+		set path [normalize_relpath $_prefix$head]
 		set head {}
 	}
 
@@ -2930,7 +3019,7 @@ $ctxm add command \
 	-command {tk_textPaste $ui_comm}
 $ctxm add command \
 	-label [mc Delete] \
-	-command {$ui_comm delete sel.first sel.last}
+	-command {catch {$ui_comm delete sel.first sel.last}}
 $ctxm add separator
 $ctxm add command \
 	-label [mc "Select All"] \
@@ -3014,7 +3103,7 @@ frame .vpane.lower.diff.body
 set ui_diff .vpane.lower.diff.body.t
 text $ui_diff -background white -foreground black \
 	-borderwidth 0 \
-	-width 80 -height 15 -wrap none \
+	-width 80 -height 5 -wrap none \
 	-font font_diff \
 	-xscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.diff.body.sbx set} \
 	-yscrollcommand {.vpane.lower.diff.body.sby set} \
@@ -3172,7 +3261,7 @@ proc popup_diff_menu {ctxm ctxmmg x y X Y} {
 			set l [mc "Stage Hunk For Commit"]
 			set t [mc "Stage Line For Commit"]
 		}
-		if {$::is_3way_diff
+		if {$::is_3way_diff || $::is_submodule_diff
 			|| $current_diff_path eq {}
 			|| {__} eq $state
 			|| {_O} eq $state
@@ -3209,11 +3298,23 @@ wm geometry . [lindex $gm 0]
 unset gm
 }
 
+# -- Load window state
+#
+catch {
+set gws $repo_config(gui.wmstate)
+wm state . $gws
+unset gws
+}
+
 # -- Key Bindings
 #
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-Return> {do_commit;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-t> {do_add_selection;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-T> {do_add_selection;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-u> {do_unstage_selection;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-U> {do_unstage_selection;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-j> {do_revert_selection;break}
+bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-J> {do_revert_selection;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-i> {do_add_all;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-I> {do_add_all;break}
 bind $ui_comm <$M1B-Key-x> {tk_textCut %W;break}
@@ -3315,7 +3416,6 @@ by %s:
 		{^GIT_PAGER$} -
 		{^GIT_TRACE$} -
 		{^GIT_CONFIG$} -
-		{^GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL$} -
 		{^GIT_(AUTHOR|COMMITTER)_DATE$} {
 			append msg " - $name\n"
 			incr ignored_env
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
index c1cd7f3b9..8525b79aa 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
@@ -940,9 +940,8 @@ method _showcommit {cur_w lno} {
 			catch {
 				set fd [git_read cat-file commit $cmit]
 				fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
-				if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
-					set enc utf-8
-				}
+				# By default commits are assumed to be in utf-8
+				set enc utf-8
 				while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
 					if {[string match {encoding *} $line]} {
 						set enc [string tolower [string range $line 9 end]]
@@ -1246,6 +1245,18 @@ method _open_tooltip {cur_w} {
 
 	$tooltip_t conf -state disabled
 	_position_tooltip $this
+
+	# On MacOS raising a window causes it to acquire focus.
+	# Tk 8.5 on MacOS seems to properly support wm transient,
+	# so we can safely counter the effect there.
+	if {$::have_tk85 && [is_MacOSX]} {
+		update
+		if {$w eq {}} {
+			raise .
+		} else {
+			raise $w
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 method _position_tooltip {} {
@@ -1269,7 +1280,9 @@ method _position_tooltip {} {
 	append g $pos_y
 
 	wm geometry $tooltip_wm $g
-	raise $tooltip_wm
+	if {![is_MacOSX]} {
+		raise $tooltip_wm
+	}
 }
 
 method _hide_tooltip {} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl b/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
index ef1930b49..20d5e4230 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/branch_delete.tcl
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ constructor dialog {} {
 		$w.check \
 		[mc "Delete Only If Merged Into"] \
 		]
-	$w_check none [mc "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"]
+	$w_check none [mc "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"]
 	pack $w.check -anchor nw -fill x -pady 5 -padx 5
 
 	foreach h [load_all_heads] {
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ method _delete {} {
 	}
 	if {$to_delete eq {}} return
 	if {$check_cmt eq {}} {
-		set msg [mc "Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n\n Delete the selected branches?"]
+		set msg [mc "Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n\nDelete the selected branches?"]
 		if {[tk_messageBox \
 			-icon warning \
 			-type yesno \
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/checkout_op.tcl b/git-gui/lib/checkout_op.tcl
index caca88831..9e7412c44 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/checkout_op.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/checkout_op.tcl
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ field w_cons   {}; # embedded console window object
 field new_expr   ; # expression the user saw/thinks this is
 field new_hash   ; # commit SHA-1 we are switching to
 field new_ref    ; # ref we are updating/creating
+field old_hash   ; # commit SHA-1 that was checked out when we started
 
 field parent_w      .; # window that started us
 field merge_type none; # type of merge to apply to existing branch
@@ -280,11 +281,11 @@ method _start_checkout {} {
 
 	# -- Our in memory state should match the repository.
 	#
-	repository_state curType curHEAD curMERGE_HEAD
+	repository_state curType old_hash curMERGE_HEAD
 	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]
 		&& $curType eq {normal}
-		&& $curHEAD eq $HEAD} {
-	} elseif {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $curHEAD} {
+		&& $old_hash eq $HEAD} {
+	} elseif {$commit_type ne $curType || $HEAD ne $old_hash} {
 		info_popup [mc "Last scanned state does not match repository state.
 
 Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ The rescan will be automatically started now.
 		return
 	}
 
-	if {$curHEAD eq $new_hash} {
+	if {$old_hash eq $new_hash} {
 		_after_readtree $this
 	} elseif {[is_config_true gui.trustmtime]} {
 		_readtree $this
@@ -453,13 +454,47 @@ method _after_readtree {} {
 If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached Checkout'."]
 	}
 
+	# -- Run the post-checkout hook.
+	#
+	set fd_ph [githook_read post-checkout $old_hash $new_hash 1]
+	if {$fd_ph ne {}} {
+		global pch_error
+		set pch_error {}
+		fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+		fileevent $fd_ph readable [cb _postcheckout_wait $fd_ph]
+	} else {
+		_update_repo_state $this
+	}
+}
+
+method _postcheckout_wait {fd_ph} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			hook_failed_popup post-checkout $pch_error 0
+		}
+		unset pch_error
+		_update_repo_state $this
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
+}
+
+method _update_repo_state {} {
 	# -- Update our repository state.  If we were previously in
 	#    amend mode we need to toss the current buffer and do a
 	#    full rescan to update our file lists.  If we weren't in
 	#    amend mode our file lists are accurate and we can avoid
 	#    the rescan.
 	#
+	global selected_commit_type commit_type HEAD MERGE_HEAD PARENT
+	global ui_comm
+
 	unlock_index
+	set name [_name $this]
 	set selected_commit_type new
 	if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
 		$ui_comm delete 0.0 end
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
index f9ff62a3b..3f8f3030f 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/choose_repository.tcl
@@ -235,6 +235,8 @@ proc _get_recentrepos {} {
 	foreach p [get_config gui.recentrepo] {
 		if {[_is_git [file join $p .git]]} {
 			lappend recent $p
+		} else {
+			_unset_recentrepo $p
 		}
 	}
 	return [lsort $recent]
@@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ proc _get_recentrepos {} {
 proc _unset_recentrepo {p} {
 	regsub -all -- {([()\[\]{}\.^$+*?\\])} $p {\\\1} p
 	git config --global --unset gui.recentrepo "^$p\$"
+	load_config 1
 }
 
 proc _append_recentrepos {path} {
@@ -261,6 +264,7 @@ proc _append_recentrepos {path} {
 
 	lappend recent $path
 	git config --global --add gui.recentrepo $path
+	load_config 1
 
 	while {[llength $recent] > 10} {
 		_unset_recentrepo [lindex $recent 0]
@@ -398,6 +402,8 @@ method _do_new {} {
 	grid $w_body.where.l $w_body.where.t $w_body.where.b -sticky ew
 	pack $w_body.where -fill x
 
+	grid columnconfigure $w_body.where 1 -weight 1
+
 	trace add variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]
 	bind $w_body.h <Destroy> [list trace remove variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]]
 	update
@@ -964,7 +970,34 @@ method _readtree_wait {fd} {
 		return
 	}
 
-	set done 1
+	# -- Run the post-checkout hook.
+	#
+	set fd_ph [githook_read post-checkout [string repeat 0 40] \
+		[git rev-parse HEAD] 1]
+	if {$fd_ph ne {}} {
+		global pch_error
+		set pch_error {}
+		fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
+		fileevent $fd_ph readable [cb _postcheckout_wait $fd_ph]
+	} else {
+		set done 1
+	}
+}
+
+method _postcheckout_wait {fd_ph} {
+	global pch_error
+
+	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
+	if {[eof $fd_ph]} {
+		if {[catch {close $fd_ph}]} {
+			hook_failed_popup post-checkout $pch_error 0
+		}
+		unset pch_error
+		set done 1
+		return
+	}
+	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0
 }
 
 ######################################################################
@@ -998,6 +1031,8 @@ method _do_open {} {
 	grid $w_body.where.l $w_body.where.t $w_body.where.b -sticky ew
 	pack $w_body.where -fill x
 
+	grid columnconfigure $w_body.where 1 -weight 1
+
 	trace add variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]
 	bind $w_body.h <Destroy> [list trace remove variable @local_path write [cb _write_local_path]]
 	update
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
index 334514996..7f459cd56 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully completed.  Y
 	if {[catch {
 			set fd [git_read cat-file commit $curHEAD]
 			fconfigure $fd -encoding binary -translation lf
-			if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
-				set enc utf-8
-			}
+			# By default commits are assumed to be in utf-8
+			set enc utf-8
 			while {[gets $fd line] > 0} {
 				if {[string match {parent *} $line]} {
 					lappend parents [string range $line 7 end]
@@ -116,6 +115,23 @@ proc create_new_commit {} {
 	rescan ui_ready
 }
 
+proc setup_commit_encoding {msg_wt {quiet 0}} {
+	global repo_config
+
+	if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
+		set enc utf-8
+	}
+	set use_enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
+	if {$use_enc ne {}} {
+		fconfigure $msg_wt -encoding $use_enc
+	} else {
+		if {!$quiet} {
+			error_popup [mc "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'." $enc]
+		}
+		fconfigure $msg_wt -encoding utf-8
+	}
+}
+
 proc commit_tree {} {
 	global HEAD commit_type file_states ui_comm repo_config
 	global pch_error
@@ -201,16 +217,7 @@ A good commit message has the following format:
 	set msg_p [gitdir GITGUI_EDITMSG]
 	set msg_wt [open $msg_p w]
 	fconfigure $msg_wt -translation lf
-	if {[catch {set enc $repo_config(i18n.commitencoding)}]} {
-		set enc utf-8
-	}
-	set use_enc [tcl_encoding $enc]
-	if {$use_enc ne {}} {
-		fconfigure $msg_wt -encoding $use_enc
-	} else {
-		puts stderr [mc "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'." $enc]
-		fconfigure $msg_wt -encoding utf-8
-	}
+	setup_commit_encoding $msg_wt
 	puts $msg_wt $msg
 	close $msg_wt
 
@@ -363,6 +370,7 @@ A rescan will be automatically started now.
 		append reflogm " ($commit_type)"
 	}
 	set msg_fd [open $msg_p r]
+	setup_commit_encoding $msg_fd 1
 	gets $msg_fd subject
 	close $msg_fd
 	append reflogm {: } $subject
@@ -399,8 +407,8 @@ A rescan will be automatically started now.
 	#
 	set fd_ph [githook_read post-commit]
 	if {$fd_ph ne {}} {
-		upvar #0 pch_error$cmt_id pc_err
-		set pc_err {}
+		global pch_error
+		set pch_error {}
 		fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 0 -translation binary -eofchar {}
 		fileevent $fd_ph readable \
 			[list commit_postcommit_wait $fd_ph $cmt_id]
@@ -462,7 +470,7 @@ A rescan will be automatically started now.
 }
 
 proc commit_postcommit_wait {fd_ph cmt_id} {
-	upvar #0 pch_error$cmt_id pch_error
+	global pch_error
 
 	append pch_error [read $fd_ph]
 	fconfigure $fd_ph -blocking 1
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/database.tcl b/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
index a18ac8b43..d4e0bed0b 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/database.tcl
@@ -89,27 +89,26 @@ proc do_fsck_objects {} {
 }
 
 proc hint_gc {} {
-	set object_limit 8
+	set ndirs 1
+	set limit 8
 	if {[is_Windows]} {
-		set object_limit 1
+		set ndirs 4
+		set limit 1
 	}
 
-	set objects_current [llength [glob \
-		-directory [gitdir objects 42] \
+	set count [llength [glob \
 		-nocomplain \
-		-tails \
 		-- \
-		*]]
+		[gitdir objects 4\[0-[expr {$ndirs-1}]\]/*]]]
 
-	if {$objects_current >= $object_limit} {
-		set objects_current [expr {$objects_current * 250}]
-		set object_limit    [expr {$object_limit    * 250}]
+	if {$count >= $limit * $ndirs} {
+		set objects_current [expr {$count * 256/$ndirs}]
 		if {[ask_popup \
 			[mc "This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.
 
-To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress the database when more than %i loose objects exist.
+To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress the database.
 
-Compress the database now?" $objects_current $object_limit]] eq yes} {
+Compress the database now?" $objects_current]] eq yes} {
 			do_gc
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
index bbbf15c87..066755b86 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
@@ -51,11 +51,16 @@ proc force_diff_encoding {enc} {
 
 proc handle_empty_diff {} {
 	global current_diff_path file_states file_lists
+	global diff_empty_count
 
 	set path $current_diff_path
 	set s $file_states($path)
 	if {[lindex $s 0] ne {_M}} return
 
+	# Prevent infinite rescan loops
+	incr diff_empty_count
+	if {$diff_empty_count > 1} return
+
 	info_popup [mc "No differences detected.
 
 %s has no changes.
@@ -250,7 +255,7 @@ proc show_other_diff {path w m cont_info} {
 
 proc start_show_diff {cont_info {add_opts {}}} {
 	global file_states file_lists
-	global is_3way_diff diff_active repo_config
+	global is_3way_diff is_submodule_diff diff_active repo_config
 	global ui_diff ui_index ui_workdir
 	global current_diff_path current_diff_side current_diff_header
 
@@ -260,6 +265,7 @@ proc start_show_diff {cont_info {add_opts {}}} {
 	set s $file_states($path)
 	set m [lindex $s 0]
 	set is_3way_diff 0
+	set is_submodule_diff 0
 	set diff_active 1
 	set current_diff_header {}
 
@@ -290,6 +296,16 @@ proc start_show_diff {cont_info {add_opts {}}} {
 		lappend cmd $path
 	}
 
+	if {[string match {160000 *} [lindex $s 2]]
+        || [string match {160000 *} [lindex $s 3]]} {
+		set is_submodule_diff 1
+		if {$w eq $ui_index} {
+			set cmd [list submodule summary --cached -- $path]
+		} else {
+			set cmd [list submodule summary --files -- $path]
+		}
+	}
+
 	if {[catch {set fd [eval git_read --nice $cmd]} err]} {
 		set diff_active 0
 		unlock_index
@@ -307,9 +323,10 @@ proc start_show_diff {cont_info {add_opts {}}} {
 }
 
 proc read_diff {fd cont_info} {
-	global ui_diff diff_active
+	global ui_diff diff_active is_submodule_diff
 	global is_3way_diff is_conflict_diff current_diff_header
 	global current_diff_queue
+	global diff_empty_count
 
 	$ui_diff conf -state normal
 	while {[gets $fd line] >= 0} {
@@ -368,6 +385,23 @@ proc read_diff {fd cont_info} {
 				set tags {}
 			}
 			}
+		} elseif {$is_submodule_diff} {
+			if {$line == ""} continue
+			if {[regexp {^\* } $line]} {
+				set line [string replace $line 0 1 {Submodule }]
+				set tags d_@
+			} else {
+				set op [string range $line 0 2]
+				switch -- $op {
+				{  <} {set tags d_-}
+				{  >} {set tags d_+}
+				{  W} {set tags {}}
+				default {
+					puts "error: Unhandled submodule diff marker: {$op}"
+					set tags {}
+				}
+				}
+			}
 		} else {
 			set op [string index $line 0]
 			switch -- $op {
@@ -415,7 +449,10 @@ proc read_diff {fd cont_info} {
 
 		if {[$ui_diff index end] eq {2.0}} {
 			handle_empty_diff
+		} else {
+			set diff_empty_count 0
 		}
+
 		set callback [lindex $cont_info 1]
 		if {$callback ne {}} {
 			eval $callback
@@ -627,6 +664,7 @@ proc apply_line {x y} {
 		}
 		set i_l $next_l
 	}
+	set patch "$patch$pre_context"
 	set patch "@@ -$hln,$n +$hln,[eval expr $n $sign 1] @@\n$patch"
 
 	if {[catch {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
index d33896a0c..0b58bd887 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
@@ -14,29 +14,31 @@ proc _close_updateindex {fd after} {
 		toplevel $w
 		wm title $w [strcat "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "Index Error"]]
 		wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
-		pack [label $w.msg \
-			-justify left \
-			-anchor w \
-			-text [strcat \
-				[mc "Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to resynchronize git-gui."] \
-				"\n\n$err"] \
-			] -anchor w
-
-		frame $w.buttons
-		button $w.buttons.continue \
+		set s [mc "Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to resynchronize git-gui."]
+		text $w.msg -yscrollcommand [list $w.vs set] \
+			-width [string length $s] -relief flat \
+			-borderwidth 0 -highlightthickness 0 \
+			-background [$w cget -background]
+		$w.msg tag configure bold -font font_uibold -justify center
+		scrollbar $w.vs -command [list $w.msg yview]
+		$w.msg insert end $s bold \n\n$err {}
+		$w.msg configure -state disabled
+
+		button $w.continue \
 			-text [mc "Continue"] \
 			-command [list destroy $w]
-		pack $w.buttons.continue -side right -padx 5
-		button $w.buttons.unlock \
+		button $w.unlock \
 			-text [mc "Unlock Index"] \
 			-command "destroy $w; _delete_indexlock"
-		pack $w.buttons.unlock -side right
-		pack $w.buttons -side bottom -fill x -pady 10 -padx 10
+		grid $w.msg - $w.vs -sticky news
+		grid $w.unlock $w.continue - -sticky se -padx 2 -pady 2
+		grid columnconfigure $w 0 -weight 1
+		grid rowconfigure $w 0 -weight 1
 
 		wm protocol $w WM_DELETE_WINDOW update
-		bind $w.buttons.continue <Visibility> "
+		bind $w.continue <Visibility> "
 			grab $w
-			focus $w.buttons.continue
+			focus %W
 		"
 		tkwait window $w
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl b/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
index eb2b4b56a..3fe90e697 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/mergetool.tcl
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ proc merge_load_stages {path cont} {
 	set merge_stages(3) {}
 	set merge_stages_buf {}
 
-	set merge_stages_fd [eval git_read ls-files -u -z -- $path]
+	set merge_stages_fd [eval git_read ls-files -u -z -- {$path}]
 
 	fconfigure $merge_stages_fd -blocking 0 -translation binary -encoding binary
 	fileevent $merge_stages_fd readable [list read_merge_stages $merge_stages_fd $cont]
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ proc merge_tool_finish {fd} {
 		delete_temp_files $mtool_tmpfiles
 		ui_status [mc "Merge tool failed."]
 	} else {
-		if {[is_config_true merge.keepbackup]} {
+		if {[is_config_true mergetool.keepbackup]} {
 			file rename -force -- $backup "$mtool_target.orig"
 		}
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
index 89eb0f70f..241642062 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl
@@ -208,15 +208,15 @@ method _delete {} {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if {[tk_messageBox \
-		-icon warning \
-		-type yesno \
-		-title [wm title $w] \
-		-parent $w \
-		-message [mc "Recovering deleted branches is difficult.
-
-Delete the selected branches?"]] ne yes} {
-		return
+	if {$checktype ne {head}} {
+		if {[tk_messageBox \
+			-icon warning \
+			-type yesno \
+			-title [wm title $w] \
+			-parent $w \
+			-message [mc "Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n\nDelete the selected branches?"]] ne yes} {
+			return
+		}
 	}
 
 	destroy $w
@@ -250,6 +250,8 @@ method _write_url        {args} { set urltype url    }
 method _write_check_head {args} { set checktype head }
 
 method _write_head_list {args} {
+	global current_branch
+
 	$head_m delete 0 end
 	foreach abr $head_list {
 		$head_m insert end radiobutton \
@@ -258,7 +260,11 @@ method _write_head_list {args} {
 			-variable @check_head
 	}
 	if {[lsearch -exact -sorted $head_list $check_head] < 0} {
-		set check_head {}
+		if {[lsearch -exact -sorted $head_list $current_branch] < 0} {
+			set check_head {}
+		} else {
+			set check_head $current_branch
+		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl b/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
index 38c3151b0..2f20eb39c 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/shortcut.tcl
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ proc do_cygwin_shortcut {} {
 					$argv0]
 				win32_create_lnk $fn [list \
 					$sh -c \
-					"CHERE_INVOKING=1 source /etc/profile;[sq $me]" \
+					"CHERE_INVOKING=1 source /etc/profile;[sq $me] &" \
 					] \
 					[file dirname [file normalize [gitdir]]]
 			} err]} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
index 6ae63b6c7..95e6e5553 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ proc tools_complete {fullname w {ok 1}} {
 	}
 
 	if {$ok} {
-		set msg [mc "Tool completed succesfully: %s" $fullname]
+		set msg [mc "Tool completed successfully: %s" $fullname]
 	} else {
 		set msg [mc "Tool failed: %s" $fullname]
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
index e419d7810..b18d9c7a1 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
@@ -33,10 +33,15 @@ proc push_to {remote} {
 proc start_push_anywhere_action {w} {
 	global push_urltype push_remote push_url push_thin push_tags
 	global push_force
+	global repo_config
 
+	set is_mirror 0
 	set r_url {}
 	switch -- $push_urltype {
-	remote {set r_url $push_remote}
+	remote {
+		set r_url $push_remote
+		catch {set is_mirror $repo_config(remote.$push_remote.mirror)}
+	}
 	url {set r_url $push_url}
 	}
 	if {$r_url eq {}} return
@@ -53,23 +58,29 @@ proc start_push_anywhere_action {w} {
 		lappend cmd --tags
 	}
 	lappend cmd $r_url
-	set cnt 0
-	foreach i [$w.source.l curselection] {
-		set b [$w.source.l get $i]
-		lappend cmd "refs/heads/$b:refs/heads/$b"
-		incr cnt
-	}
-	if {$cnt == 0} {
-		return
-	} elseif {$cnt == 1} {
-		set unit branch
+	if {$is_mirror} {
+		set cons [console::new \
+			[mc "push %s" $r_url] \
+			[mc "Mirroring to %s" $r_url]]
 	} else {
-		set unit branches
-	}
+		set cnt 0
+		foreach i [$w.source.l curselection] {
+			set b [$w.source.l get $i]
+			lappend cmd "refs/heads/$b:refs/heads/$b"
+			incr cnt
+		}
+		if {$cnt == 0} {
+			return
+		} elseif {$cnt == 1} {
+			set unit branch
+		} else {
+			set unit branches
+		}
 
-	set cons [console::new \
-		[mc "push %s" $r_url] \
-		[mc "Pushing %s %s to %s" $cnt $unit $r_url]]
+		set cons [console::new \
+			[mc "push %s" $r_url] \
+			[mc "Pushing %s %s to %s" $cnt $unit $r_url]]
+	}
 	console::exec $cons $cmd
 	destroy $w
 }
diff --git a/git-gui/po/de.po b/git-gui/po/de.po
index 5c04812b1..51abb50bb 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/de.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/de.po
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-25 13:32+0200\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-10-25 22:47+0200\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-06 20:51+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-06 21:22+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>\n"
 "Language-Team: German\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
@@ -86,17 +86,15 @@ msgstr "Dateistatus aktualisieren..."
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
 msgstr "Nach geänderten Dateien suchen..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1325
-#, fuzzy
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Aufrufen der Vor-Eintragen-Kontrolle..."
+msgstr "Aufrufen der Eintragen-Vorbereiten-Kontrolle..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1342
-#, fuzzy
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
-msgstr "Eintragen abgelehnt durch Vor-Eintragen-Kontrolle (»pre-commit hook«)."
+msgstr "Eintragen abgelehnt durch Eintragen-Vorbereiten-Kontrolle (»prepare-commit hook«)."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1502 lib/browser.tcl:246
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
 msgid "Ready."
 msgstr "Bereit."
 
@@ -180,7 +178,11 @@ msgstr "Zusammenführen"
 msgid "Remote"
 msgstr "Andere Archive"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2242
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Werkzeuge"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
 msgid "Explore Working Copy"
 msgstr "Arbeitskopie im Dateimanager"
 
@@ -363,7 +365,11 @@ msgstr "Einstellungen..."
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "Optionen..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Entfernen..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Hilfe"
 
@@ -371,7 +377,11 @@ msgstr "Hilfe"
 msgid "Online Documentation"
 msgstr "Online-Dokumentation"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2238
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "SSH-Schlüssel anzeigen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2707
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
@@ -548,7 +558,11 @@ msgstr "Version:"
 msgid "Copy Commit"
 msgstr "Version kopieren"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:260
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Text suchen..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
 msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
 msgstr "Volle Kopie-Erkennung"
 
@@ -609,12 +623,11 @@ msgstr "Eintragender:"
 msgid "Original File:"
 msgstr "Ursprüngliche Datei:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1013
-#, fuzzy
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
 msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
-msgstr "Elternversion kann nicht gefunden werden:"
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (»HEAD«) kann nicht gefunden werden:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1068
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
 msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
 msgstr "Elternversion kann nicht gefunden werden:"
 
@@ -760,16 +773,6 @@ msgstr "Immer (ohne Zusammenführungstest)"
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "Folgende Zweige sind noch nicht mit »%s« zusammengeführt:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Gelöschte Zweige können nur mit größerem Aufwand wiederhergestellt werden.\n"
-"\n"
-"Gewählte Zweige jetzt löschen?"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -1049,7 +1052,7 @@ msgstr "Zuletzt benutztes Projektarchiv öffnen:"
 msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
 msgstr "Projektarchiv »%s« konnte nicht erstellt werden:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:381 lib/choose_repository.tcl:478
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
 msgid "Directory:"
 msgstr "Verzeichnis:"
 
@@ -1058,12 +1061,12 @@ msgstr "Verzeichnis:"
 msgid "Git Repository"
 msgstr "Git Projektarchiv"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:437
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Directory %s already exists."
 msgstr "Verzeichnis »%s« existiert bereits."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:441
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s already exists."
 msgstr "Datei »%s« existiert bereits."
@@ -1072,11 +1075,11 @@ msgstr "Datei »%s« existiert bereits."
 msgid "Clone"
 msgstr "Klonen"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:467
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
 msgid "Source Location:"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Herkunft:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:478
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
 msgid "Target Directory:"
 msgstr "Zielverzeichnis:"
 
@@ -1565,20 +1568,24 @@ msgid ""
 "LOCAL: deleted\n"
 "REMOTE:\n"
 msgstr ""
+"LOKAL: gelöscht\n"
+"ANDERES:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:125
 msgid ""
 "REMOTE: deleted\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
 msgstr ""
+"ANDERES: gelöscht\n"
+"LOKAL:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:132
 msgid "LOCAL:\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "LOKAL:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:135
 msgid "REMOTE:\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "ANDERES:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1603,6 +1610,8 @@ msgid ""
 "* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
 "* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"* Datei nicht unter Versionskontrolle, Dateigröße %d Bytes.\n"
+"* Nur erste %d Bytes werden angezeigt.\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:228
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1611,8 +1620,11 @@ msgid ""
 "* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
 "* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
 msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Datei nicht unter Versionskontrolle, hier abgeschnitten durch %s.\n"
+"* Zum Ansehen der vollständigen Datei externen Editor benutzen.\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:437
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
 msgstr ""
 "Fehler beim Herausnehmen des gewählten Kontexts aus der Bereitstellung."
@@ -2045,7 +2057,7 @@ msgstr "Namensvorschlag für neue Zweige"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:155
 msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
-msgstr "Vorgestellte Zeichenkodierung"
+msgstr "Voreingestellte Zeichenkodierung"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:203
 msgid "Change"
@@ -2113,19 +2125,18 @@ msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
 msgstr "Nichts tun"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
-#, fuzzy
 msgid "Please supply a remote name."
-msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Zweignamen an."
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Namen des anderen Archivs an."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
-#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+#, tcl-format
 msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
-msgstr "»%s« ist kein zulässiger Zweigname."
+msgstr "»%s« ist kein zulässiger Name eines anderen Archivs."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
-#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+#, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
-msgstr "Fehler beim Umbenennen von »%s«."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Hinzufügen des anderen Archivs »%s« aus Herkunftsort »%s«."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2133,16 +2144,18 @@ msgid "fetch %s"
 msgstr "»%s« anfordern"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
-#, fuzzy, tcl-format
+#, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching the %s"
-msgstr "Änderungen »%s« von »%s« anfordern"
+msgstr "»%s« anfordern"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
-msgstr "Initialisieren eines anderen Archivs an Adresse »%s« ist nicht möglich."
+msgstr ""
+"Initialisieren eines anderen Archivs an Adresse »%s« ist nicht möglich."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "push %s"
 msgstr "»%s« versenden..."
@@ -2266,9 +2279,9 @@ msgstr "Nächster"
 msgid "Prev"
 msgstr "Voriger"
 
-#: lib/search.tcl:24
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
 msgid "Case-Sensitive"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Groß-/Kleinschreibung unterscheiden"
 
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
 msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
@@ -2315,11 +2328,182 @@ msgstr "Unerwartetes EOF vom Rechtschreibprüfungsprogramm"
 msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
 msgstr "Rechtschreibprüfung fehlgeschlagen"
 
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Keine Schlüssel gefunden."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Öffentlicher Schlüssel gefunden in: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Schlüssel erzeugen"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "In Zwischenablage kopieren"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Ihr OpenSSH öffenlicher Schlüssel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Erzeugen..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte »ssh-keygen« nicht starten:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Schlüsselerzeugung fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Schlüsselerzeugung erfolgreich, aber keine Schlüssel gefunden."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Ihr Schlüssel ist abgelegt in: %s"
+
 #: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
 msgstr "%s ... %*i von %*i %s (%3i%%)"
 
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Werkzeug hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Neues Kommando für Werkzeug hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Global hinzufügen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Einzelheiten des Werkzeugs"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Benutzen Sie einen Schrägstrich »/«, um Untermenüs zu erstellen:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Bestätigungsfrage vor Starten anzeigen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Benutzer nach Version fragen (setzt $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Benutzer nach zusätzlichen Argumenten fragen (setzt $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Kein Ausgabefenster zeigen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Nur starten, wenn ein Vergleich gewählt ist ($FILENAME ist nicht leer)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Werkzeugnamen an."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Werkzeug »%s« existiert bereits."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Werkzeug konnte nicht hinzugefügt werden:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Werkzeug entfernen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Werkzeugkommandos entfernen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Entfernen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Werkzeuge für lokales Archiv werden in Blau angezeigt)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Kommando aufrufen: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argumente"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Ok"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Um »%s« zu starten, muss eine Datei ausgewählt sein."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Wollen Sie %s wirklich starten?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Werkzeug: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Starten: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Werkzeug erfolgreich abgeschlossen: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Werkzeug fehlgeschlagen: %s"
+
 #: lib/transport.tcl:7
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
@@ -2340,7 +2524,12 @@ msgstr "Übernahmezweige aufräumen und entfernen, die in »%s« gelöscht wurde
 msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
 msgstr "Änderungen nach »%s« versenden"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Spiegeln nach %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
 msgstr "%s %s nach %s versenden"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/el.po b/git-gui/po/el.po
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3634ba469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/el.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2005 @@
+# Translation of git-gui to Greek
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Jimmy Angelakos
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+# Jimmy Angelakos <vyruss@hellug.gr>, 2009.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: el\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-03-14 07:18+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-06-23 21:33+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Jimmy Angelakos <vyruss@hellug.gr>\n"
+"Language-Team: Greek <i18n@lists.hellug.gr>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Generator: Lokalize 0.3\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:634 git-gui.sh:648 git-gui.sh:661 git-gui.sh:744
+#: git-gui.sh:763
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: κ�ίσιμο σφάλμα"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:593
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Μη έγκυ�η γ�αμματοσει�ά στο %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:620
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Κ��ια Γ�αμματοσει�ά"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:621
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Γ�αμματοσει�ά Διαφο�άς/Κονσόλας"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:635
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Δε β�έθηκε το git στο PATH."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:662
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Αδ�νατη η ανάγνωση στοιχειοσει�άς έκδοσης Git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:680
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Δε μπο�εί να ανιχνευτεί η έκδοση του Git. \n"
+"\n"
+"Το %s υποστη�ίζει πως είναι η έκδοση '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"Το %s  απαιτεί τουλάχιστον Git 1.5.0 ή πιό π�όσφατη.\n"
+"\n"
+"�α υποτεθεί πως το '%s' είναι η έκδοση 1.5.0;\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:918
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Δε β�έθηκε φάκελος Git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:925
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Δεν είναι δυνατή η μετακίνηση στην κο�υφή του φακέλου ε�γασίας:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:932
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr "Δεν είναι δυνατή η χ�ήση πε�ίε�γου φακέλου .git:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:937
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Δεν υπά�χει φάκελος ε�γασίας"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1084 lib/checkout_op.tcl:283
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Ανανέωση κατάστασης α�χείου..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1149
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Ανίχνευση για τ�οποποιημένα α�χεία..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1324 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Έτοιμο."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1590
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Μη τ�οποποιημένο"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1592
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Τ�οποποιημένο, μη σταδιοποιημένο"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1593 git-gui.sh:1598
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποιημένο π�ος υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1594 git-gui.sh:1599
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Μέ�η σταδιοποιημένα π�ος υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1595 git-gui.sh:1600
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποιημένο π�ος υποβολή, λείπει"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1597
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Μη πα�ακολουθο�μενο, μη σταδιοποιημένο"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1602
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Λείπει"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1603
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποιημένο π�ος αφαί�εση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1604
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποιημένο π�ος αφαί�εση, ακόμα πα�όν"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1606 git-gui.sh:1607 git-gui.sh:1608 git-gui.sh:1609
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Απαιτεί επίλυση συγχώνευσης"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1644
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται εκκίνηση του gitk... πα�ακαλώ πε�ιμένετε..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1653
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unable to start gitk:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+"Αδυναμία εκκίνησης του gitk:\n"
+"\n"
+"Το %s δεν υπά�χει"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1860 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Αποθετή�ιο"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1861
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Επεξε�γασία"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1863 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Κλάδος"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1866 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Υποβολή@@noun"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1869 lib/merge.tcl:120 lib/merge.tcl:149 lib/merge.tcl:167
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Συγχώνευση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1870 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Απομακ�υσμένο"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1879
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Πε�ιήγηση Α�χείων Τ�έχοντα Κλάδου"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1883
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Πε�ιήγηση Α�χείων Κλάδου..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1888
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Απεικόνιση Ιστο�ικο� Τ�έχοντα Κλάδου"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1892
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Απεικόνιση Ιστο�ικο� Όλων των Κλάδων"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1899
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Πε�ιήγηση Α�χείων του %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1901
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Απεικόνιση Ιστο�ικο� του %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1906 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Στατιστικά Βάσης Δεδομένων"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1909 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Συμπίεση Βάσης Δεδομένων"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1912
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Επαλήθευση Βάσης Δεδομένων"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1919 git-gui.sh:1923 git-gui.sh:1927 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γία Εικονιδίου Επιφάνειας Ε�γασίας"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1932 lib/choose_repository.tcl:177 lib/choose_repository.tcl:185
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Έξοδος"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1939
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Αναί�εση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1942
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Ξανά"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1946 git-gui.sh:2443
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Αποκοπή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1949 git-gui.sh:2446 git-gui.sh:2520 git-gui.sh:2614
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Αντιγ�αφή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1952 git-gui.sh:2449
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Επικόλληση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1955 git-gui.sh:2452 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Διαγ�αφή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1959 git-gui.sh:2456 git-gui.sh:2618 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Επιλογή Όλων"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1968
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Δημιου�γία..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1974
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Εξαγωγή..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1980
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Μετονομασία..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1985 git-gui.sh:2085
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Διαγ�αφή..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1990
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Επαναφο�ά..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2002 git-gui.sh:2389
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "�έα Υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2010 git-gui.sh:2396
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Διό�θωση Τελευταίας Υποβολής"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2019 git-gui.sh:2356 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Επανανίχνευση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2025
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποίηση Π�ος Υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2031
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποίηση Αλλαγμένων Α�χείων Π�ος Υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2037
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Αποσταδιοποίηση Από Υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2042 lib/index.tcl:395
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Αναί�εση Αλλαγών"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2049 git-gui.sh:2368 git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Αποσ�νδεση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2053 git-gui.sh:2372
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Υποβολή@@verb"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2064
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Τοπική Συγχώνευση..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2069
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Ακ��ωση Συγχώνευσης..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2081
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "�θηση..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2092 lib/choose_repository.tcl:41
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Apple"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2095 git-gui.sh:2117 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Πε�ί %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2099
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Π�οτιμήσεις..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2107 git-gui.sh:2639
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Επιλογές..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Βοήθεια"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2154
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Διαδικτυακή Τεκμη�ίωση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2238
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr "κ�ίσιμο: δε β�έθηκε η διαδ�ομή: %s: Δεν υπά�χει το α�χείο ή ο φάκελος"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2271
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Τ�έχων Κλάδος:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2292
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποιημένες Αλλαγές (Θα Υποβληθο�ν)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2312
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Μη Σταδιοποιημένες Αλλαγές"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2362
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποίηση Αλλαγών"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "�θηση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2408
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Α�χικό Μήνυμα Υποβολής:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2409
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Διο�θωμένο Μήνυμα Υποβολής:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2410
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Διο�θωμένο Α�χικό Μήνυμα Υποβολής:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2411
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Διο�θωμένο Μήνυμα Υποβολής Συγχώνευσης:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Μήνυμα Υποβολής Συγχώνευσης:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2413
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Μήνυμα Υποβολής:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2459 git-gui.sh:2622 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Αντιγ�αφή Όλων"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2483 lib/blame.tcl:107
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Α�χείο:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2589
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Εφα�μογή/Αντιστ�οφή Κομματιο�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2595
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Π�οβολή Στενότε�ου Πλαισίου"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2602
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Π�οβολή Ευ��τε�ου Πλαισίου"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2610
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Ανανέωση"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2631
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Μείωση Μεγέθους Γ�αμματοσει�άς"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2635
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Α�ξηση Μεγέθους Γ�αμματοσει�άς"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2646
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Αποσταδιοποίηση Κομματιο� Από Υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2648
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Σταδιοποίηση Κομματιο� Π�ος Υποβολή"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2667
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται α�χικοποίηση..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2762
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Υπά�χουν πιθανά θέματα με το πε�ιβάλλον.\n"
+"\n"
+"Οι εξής μεταβλητές πε�ιβάλλοντος μάλλον θα\n"
+"αγνοηθο�ν από πιθανή εκτέλεση υποδιε�γασίας Git\n"
+"από το %s:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2792
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Αυτό οφείλεται σε ένα γνωστό θέμα με το\n"
+"εκτελέσιμο Tcl που διανέμεται με το Cygwin."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"Ένα καλό υποκατάστατο για το %s\n"
+"είναι η τοποθέτηση τιμών για τις �υθμίσεις\n"
+"user.name και user.email στο π�οσωπικό σας\n"
+"α�χείο ~/.gitconfig .\n"
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - ένα γ�αφικό πε�ιβάλλον για το Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:77
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Εφα�μογή Π�οβολής Α�χείου"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:81
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Υποβολή:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:264
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Αντιγ�αφή Υποβολής"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:384
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Ανάγνωση %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:488
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται φό�τωση σχολίων πα�ακολο�θησης αντιγ�αφής/μετακίνησης..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:508
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr "γ�αμμές σχολιασμένες"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:689
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται φό�τωση σχολίων α�χικής τοποθεσίας..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:692
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr "Έγινε ολοκλή�ωση του σχολιασμο�."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:746
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr "Φό�τωση σχολίου..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γός:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Υποβολέας:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:811
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Α�χικό Α�χείο:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:925
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Α�χικά Από:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:931
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "Στο Α�χείο:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:936
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Αντιγ�άφηκε ή Μετακινήθηκε Εδώ Από:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Εξαγωγή Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Εξαγωγή"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:171
+#: lib/option.tcl:103 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42 lib/transport.tcl:97
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Ακ��ωση"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Αναθεώ�ηση"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:242
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Επιλογές"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Ανάκτηση Κλάδου Πα�ακολο�θησης"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Αποκόλληση Από Τοπικό Κλάδο"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γία Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γία �έου Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:371
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γία"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Όνομα Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Όνομα:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Συμφωνία Ονόματος Κλάδου Πα�ακολο�θησης"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Α�χική Αναθεώ�ηση"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Ενημέ�ωση Υπά�χοντα Κλάδου:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Όχι"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Συγχώνευση Επιτάχυνσης Μόνο"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:514
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Επαναφο�ά"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Εξαγωγή Μετά τη Δημιου�γία"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Πα�ακαλώ επιλέξτε έναν κλάδο πα�ακολο�θησης."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr ""
+"Ο κλάδος πα�ακολο�θησης %s δεν είναι κλάδος που β�ίσκεται στο απομακ�υσμένο "
+"αποθετή�ιο."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Πα�ακαλώ δώστε ένα όνομα κλάδου."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' δεν είναι αποδεκτό όνομα κλάδου."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Διαγ�αφή Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Διαγ�αφή Τοπικο� Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Τοπικοί Κλάδοι"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Διαγ�αφή Μόνο Εάν Είναι Συγχωνευμένο Με"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Πάντα (Μη διενε�γηθεί δοκιμή συγχώνευσης.)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Οι εξής κλάδοι δεν είναι πλή�ως συγχωνευμένοι με το %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
+"\n"
+" Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Η ανάκτηση διεγ�αμμένων κλάδων είναι δ�σκολη.\n"
+"\n"
+"Διαγ�αφή των επιλεγμένων κλάδων;"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Αποτυχία διαγ�αφής κλάδων:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Μετονομασία Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Μετονομασία"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Κλάδος:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "�έο Όνομα:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Πα�ακαλώ επιλέξτε κλάδο π�ος μετονομασία:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:179
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Ο Κλάδος '%s' υπά�χει ήδη."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Αποτυχία μετονομασίας '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται Εκκίνηση..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Πε�ιηγητής Α�χείων"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται φό�τωση %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Πάνω Π�ος Γονέα]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Πε�ιήγηση Α�χείων Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:474 lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:987
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Πε�ιήγηση"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:79
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Ανάκτηση %s από το %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:127
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "κ�ίσιμο: Δε μπό�εσε να επιλυθεί το %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:140 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Κλείσιμο"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:169
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Ο Κλάδος '%s' δεν υπά�χει."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:206
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Ο Κλάδος '%s' υπά�χει ήδη.\n"
+"\n"
+"Δε γίνεται συγχώνευση επιτάχυνσής του στο %s.\n"
+"Απαιτείται συγχώνευση."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:220
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Η στ�ατηγική Συγχώνευσης %s δεν υποστη�ίζεται."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:239
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Αποτυχία ενημέ�ωσης '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:251
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Η πε�ιοχή σταδιοποίησης (το ευ�ετή�ιο) είναι ήδη κλειδωμένη."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:266
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Η τελευταία κατάσταση που ανιχνε�θηκε δε συμφωνεί με την κατάσταση του "
+"αποθετη�ίου.\n"
+"\n"
+"Κάποιο άλλο π�όγ�αμμα Git τ�οποποίησε το αποθετή�ιο από την τελευταία "
+"ανίχνευση. Π�έπει να γίνει επανανίχνευση π�ιν να αλλαχθεί ο τ�έχων κλάδος.\n"
+"\n"
+"Η επανανίχνευση θα ξεκινήσει αυτόματα τώ�α.\n"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:322
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Ενημέ�ωση φακέλου ε�γασίας σε '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:323
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "α�χεία έχουν εξαχθεί"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:353
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr ""
+"Έγινε ακ��ωση εξαγωγής του '%s' (απαιτείται συγχώνευση επιπέδου α�χείου)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:354
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Απαιτείται συγχώνευση επιπέδου α�χείου."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:358
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Πα�αμονή στον κλάδο '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:429
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+"Δε β�ίσκεστε πια σε τοπικό κλάδο.\n"
+"\n"
+"Αν θέλατε να β�ίσκεστε σε κλάδο, δημιου�γήστε έναν τώ�α α�χίζοντας από 'This "
+"Detached Checkout'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:446 lib/checkout_op.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Έγινε εξαγωγή του '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:478
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr "Η επαναφο�ά '%s' στο '%s' θα χάσει τις εξής υποβολές:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr "Η ανάκτηση χαμένων υποβολών μπο�εί να είναι δ�σκολη."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:505
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Επαναφο�ά '%s';"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:510 lib/merge.tcl:163
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Απεικόνιση"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:578
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+"Αποτυχία ο�ισμο� τ�έχοντος κλάδου.\n"
+"\n"
+"Αυτός ο φάκελος ε�γασίας είναι μόνο εν μέ�ει επιλεγμένος. 'Εγινε επιτυχής "
+"ενημέ�ωση των α�χείων σας, αλλά απέτυχε η ενημέ�ωση ενός εσωτε�ικο� α�χείου "
+"του Git.\n"
+"\n"
+"Αυτό δε θα έπ�επε να συμβεί. Το %s θα κλείσει και θα εγκαταλείψει τώ�α."
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Επιλογή"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Οικογένεια Γ�αμματοσει�άς"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Μέγεθος Γ�αμματοσει�άς"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Πα�άδειγμα Γ�αμματοσει�άς"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Αυτό είναι ένα πα�άδειγμα κειμένου.\n"
+"Αν σας α�έσει αυτό το κείμενο, μπο�εί να γίνει δικό σας."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Γ�αφικό Πε�ιβάλλον Git"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:81 lib/choose_repository.tcl:376
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γία �έου Αποθετη�ίου"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "�έο..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:94 lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Κλωνοποίηση Υπά�χοντος Αποθετη�ίου"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Κλωνοποίηση..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:107 lib/choose_repository.tcl:976
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Άνοιγμα Υπά�χοντος Αποθετη�ίου"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Άνοιγμα..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:126
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Π�όσφατα Αποθετή�ια"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Άνοιγμα Π�όσφατου Αποθετη�ίου:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:296 lib/choose_repository.tcl:303
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:310
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Αποτυχία δημιου�γίας αποθετη�ίου %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:381 lib/choose_repository.tcl:478
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Φάκελος:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:412 lib/choose_repository.tcl:537
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1011
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Αποθετή�ιο Git"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:437
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Ο Φάκελος '%s' υπά�χει ήδη."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:441
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Το α�χείο %s υπά�χει ήδη."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:455
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Κλώνος"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:468
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "URL:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:489
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Τ�πος Κλώνου:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:495
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Τυπικό (Ταχ�, Ημι-Πλεονάζον, Hardlinks)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:501
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Πλή�ες Αντίγ�αφο (Πιο α�γό, Πλεονάζον Αντίγ�αφο Ασφαλείας)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:507
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Κοινή Χ�ήση (Ταχ�τατο, Δε Συνιστάται, Κανένα Αντίγ�αφο Ασφαλείας)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:543 lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:736 lib/choose_repository.tcl:806
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1025
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Δεν είναι αποθετή�ιο Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "\"Τυπικό\" διαθέσιμο μόνο για τοπικό αποθετή�ιο."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:583
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "\"Κοινή Χ�ήση\" διαθέσιμη μόνο για τοπικό αποθετή�ιο."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:604
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Η Τοποθεσία %s υπά�χει ήδη."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Αποτυχία ��θμισης πηγής"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:627
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Γίνεται καταμέτ�ηση αντικειμένων"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:652
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Αδυναμία αντιγ�αφής αντικειμένων/πλη�οφο�ιών/ενναλακτικών: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Τίποτα π�ος κλωνοποίηση από το %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:690 lib/choose_repository.tcl:904
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Ο κλάδος 'master' δεν έχει α�χικοποιηθεί."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Hardlinks μη διαθέσιμα. Μετάπτωση σε αντιγ�αφή."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:715
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Γίνεται κλωνοποίηση από το %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:746
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Γίνεται αντιγ�αφή αντικειμένων"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:747
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:771
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Αδυναμία αντιγ�αφής αντικειμένου: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:781
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Γίνεται σ�νδεση αντικειμένων"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "αντικείμενα"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:790
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Αδυναμία hardlink αντικειμένου: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:845
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Δε μπό�εσε να γίνει ανάκτηση κλάδων και αντικειμένων. Δείτε την έξοδο "
+"κονσόλας για λεπτομέ�ειες."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:856
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Δε μπό�εσε να γίνει ανάκτηση ετικετών. Δείτε την έξοδο κονσόλας για "
+"λεπτομέ�ειες."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:880
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Δε μπό�εσε να γίνει καθο�ισμός του HEAD (πα�ακλαδιο�). Δείτε την έξοδο "
+"κονσόλας για "
+"λεπτομέ�ειες."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:889
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Αδυναμία εκκαθά�ισης %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:895
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Αποτυχία κλωνοποίησης."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Δεν έγινε ανάκτηση π�οεπιλεγμένου κλάδου."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:913
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Δε μπό�εσε να επιλυθεί το %s ως υποβολή."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γία φακέλου ε�γασίας"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:127
+#: lib/index.tcl:193
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "α�χεία"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:955
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Η α�χική εξαγωγή α�χείου απέτυχε."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:971
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Άνοιγμα"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Αποθετή�ιο:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Αποτυχία ανοίγματος αποθετη�ίου %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Αποσυνδεδεμένη Εξαγωγή"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Έκφ�αση Αναθεώ�ησης:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Τοπικός Κλάδος"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Κλάδος Πα�ακολο�θησης"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Ετικέτα"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Μη έγκυ�η αναθεώ�ηση: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Δεν έχει επιλεγεί αναθεώ�ηση."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Η έκφ�αση αναθεώ�ησης είναι κενή."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Ενημε�ωμένο"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Δεν υπά�χει κάτι π�ος διό�θωση.\n"
+"\n"
+"Π�όκειται να δημιου�γήσετε την α�χική υποβολή. Δεν υπά�χει υποβολή π�ιν από "
+"αυτή για να διο�θώσετε.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Δε γίνεται διό�θωση καθώς συγχωνε�ετε.\n"
+"\n"
+"Β�ίσκεστε στο μέσο μιας συγχώνευσης που δεν έχει ολοκλη�ωθεί. Δε μπο�είτε να "
+"διο�θώσετε την π�οηγο�μενη υποβολή εκτός εάν ακυ�ώσετε την τ�έχουσα ενέ�γεια "
+"συγχώνευσης.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Σφάλμα φό�τωσης δεδομένων υποβολής π�ος διό�θωση:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Αδυναμία ανάκτησης της ταυτότητάς σας:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Μη έγκυ�ο GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Η τελευταία κατάσταση που ανιχνε�θηκε δε συμφωνεί με την κατάσταση του "
+"αποθετη�ίου.\n"
+"\n"
+"Κάποιο άλλο π�όγ�αμμα Git τ�οποποίησε το αποθετή�ιο από την τελευταία "
+"ανίχνευση. Π�έπει να γίνει επανανίχνευση π�ιν τη δημιου�γία νέας υποβολής.\n"
+"\n"
+"Η επανανίχνευση θα ξεκινήσει αυτόματα τώ�α.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:154
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Τα μη συγχωνευμένα α�χεία δε μπο�ο�ν να υποβληθο�ν.\n"
+"\n"
+"Το α�χείο %s έχει συγκ�ο�σεις συγχώνευσης. Π�έπει να τις επιλ�σετε και να "
+"σταδιοποιήσετε το α�χείο π�ιν την υποβολή.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:162
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Άγνωστη κατάσταση α�χείου %s ανιχνε�θηκε.\n"
+"\n"
+"Το α�χείο %s δε μπο�εί να υποβληθεί από αυτό το π�όγ�αμμα.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:170
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Δεν υπά�χουν αλλαγές π�ος υποβολή.\n"
+"\n "
+"Π�έπει να σταδιοποιήσετε τουλάχιστον 1 α�χείο π�ιν να κάνετε υποβολή.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:183
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Πα�ακαλώ δώστε ένα μήνυμα υποβολής.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ένα σωστό μήνυμα υποβολής έχει την εξής μο�φή:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Π�ώτη γ�αμμή: Πε�ιγ�αφή σε μία π�όταση του τι κάνατε.\n"
+"- Δε�τε�η γ�αμμή: Κενή\n"
+"- Υπόλοιπες γ�αμμές: Πε�ιγ�αφή του γιατί αυτή η αλλαγή είναι σωστή.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:207
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "π�οειδοποίηση: H Tcl δεν υποστη�ίζει την κωδικοποίηση '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:221
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται κλήση του pre-commit hook..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:236
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr "Η υποβολή απο��ίφθηκε από το pre-commit hook."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:259
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται κλήση του commit-msg hook..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:274
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr "Η υποβολή απο��ίφθηκε από το commit-msg hook."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:287
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται υποβολή των αλλαγών..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:303
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "το write-tree απέτυχε:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:304 lib/commit.tcl:348 lib/commit.tcl:368
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Η υποβολή απέτυχε."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:321
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Η υποβολή %s δείχνει κατεστ�αμμένη"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Δεν υπά�χουν αλλαγές π�ος υποβολή.\n"
+"\n"
+"Δεν τ�οποποιήθηκαν α�χεία από αυτή την υποβολή και δεν ήταν υποβολή "
+"συγχώνευσης.\n"
+"\n"
+"Θα ξεκινήσει αυτόματα επανανίχνευση τώ�α.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:333
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Δεν υπά�χουν αλλαγές π�ος υποβολή."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:347
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "το commit-tree απέτυχε:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:367
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "το update-ref απέτυχε:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:454
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Δημιου�γήθηκε υποβολή %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται ε�γασία... Πα�ακαλώ πε�ιμένετε..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Επιτυχία"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Σφάλμα: Η Εντολή Απέτυχε"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Α�ιθμός ελε�θε�ων αντικειμένων"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Χώ�ος κατειλλημένος από ελε�θε�α αντικείμενα"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Α�ιθμός πακετα�ισμένων αντικειμένων"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Α�ιθμός πακέτων"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Χώ�ος κατειλλημένος από πακετα�ισμένα αντικείμενα"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Πακετα�ισμένα αντικείμενα έτοιμα για κλάδεμα"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Άχ�ηστα α�χεία"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Γίνεται συμπίεση της βάσης δεδομένων αντικειμένων"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Γίνεται επαλήθευση της βάσης δεδομένων αντικειμένων με αντικείμενα fsck"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Αυτό το αποθετή�ιο έχει αυτή τη στιγμή πε�ίπου %i ελε�θε�α αντικείμενα.\n"
+"\n"
+"Για τη διατή�ηση βέλτιστων επιδόσεων συνιστάται να συμπιέσετε τη βάση "
+"δεδομένων όταν υπά�χουν πε�ισσότε�α από %i ελε�θε�α αντικείμενα.\n"
+"\n"
+"Συμπίεση της βάσης δεδομένων τώ�α;"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Μη έγκυ�η ημε�ομηνία από το Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:42
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Δεν ανιχνε�θηκαν διαφο�ές.\n"
+"\n"
+"Το %s δεν έχει αλλαγές."
+"\n"
+"Η ημε�ομηνία τ�οποποίησης αυτο� του α�χείου ενημε�ώθηκε από άλλη εφα�μογή, "
+"αλλά το πε�ιεχόμενο του α�χείου δεν άλλαξε.\n"
+"\n"
+"Θα ξεκινήσει αυτόματα επανανίχνευση για να β�εθο�ν άλλα α�χεία που μπο�εί να "
+"β�ίσκονται σε ίδια κατάσταση."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται φό�τωση διαφο�άς του %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:114 lib/diff.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Δεν είναι δυνατή η π�οβολή του %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:115
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Σφάλμα φό�τωσης α�χείου:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:122
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Αποθετή�ιο Git (θυγατ�ικό έ�γο)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:134
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Δυαδικό α�χείο (μη εμφάνιση πε�ιεχομένου)."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:185
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Σφάλμα φό�τωσης διαφο�άς:"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:303
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Αποτυχία αποσταδιοποίησης επιλεγμένου κομματιο�."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:310
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Αποτυχία σταδιοποίησης επιλεγμένου κομματιο�."
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "σφάλμα"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "π�οειδοποίηση"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Π�έπει να διο�θώσετε τα πα�απάνω λάθη π�ιν την υποβολή."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Αδυναμία ξεκλειδώματος του ευ�ετη�ίου."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Σφάλμα Ευ�ετη�ίου"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Η ενημέ�ωση του ευ�ετη�ίου Git απέτυχε. Θα ξεκινήσει αυτόματα επανανίχνευση "
+"για επανασυγχ�ονισμό του git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Συνέχεια"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "Ξεκλείδωμα Ευ�ετη�ίου"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:282
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Αποσταδιοποίηση %s από υποβολή"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:313
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Έτοιμο π�ος υποβολή."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Π�οσθήκη %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:381
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Αναί�εση αλλαγών στο α�χείο %s;"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:383
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Αναί�εση αλλαγών σε αυτά τα %i α�χεία;"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:391
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr ""
+"Όλες οι μη σταδιοποιημένες αλλαγές θα χαθο�ν ο�ιστικά από την αναί�εση."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:394
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Καμία Ενέ�γεια"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Δε γίνεται συγχώνευση καθώς διο�θώνετε.\n"
+"\n"
+"Π�έπει να τελειώσετε τη διό�θωση αυτής της υποβολής π�ιν να ξεκινήσετε "
+"οποιασδήποτε μο�φής συγχώνευση.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Η τελευταία κατάσταση που ανιχνε�θηκε δε συμφωνεί με την κατάσταση του "
+"αποθετη�ίου.\n"
+"\n"
+"Κάποιο άλλο π�όγ�αμμα Git τ�οποποίησε το αποθετή�ιο από την τελευταία "
+"ανίχνευση. Π�έπει να γίνει επανανίχνευση π�ιν τη διενέ�γεια συγχώνευσης.\n"
+"\n"
+"Η επανανίχνευση θα ξεκινήσει αυτόματα τώ�α.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:44
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Β�ίσκεστε στο μέσο μιας συγκ�ουόμενης συγχώνευσης.\n"
+"\n"
+"Το α�χείο %s έχει συγκ�ο�σεις συγχώνευσης.\n"
+"\n"
+"Π�έπει να τις επιλ�σετε, να σταδιοποιήσετε το α�χείο, και να κάνετε υποβολή "
+"για να ολοκλη�ώσετε την τ�έχουσα συγχώνευση. Μόνο τότε μπο�είτε να "
+"ξεκινήσετε άλλη συγχώνευση.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:54
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Β�ίσκεστε στο μέσο μιας αλλαγής.\n"
+"\n"
+"Το α�χείο %s έχει τ�οποποιηθεί.\n"
+"\n"
+"Π�έπει να ολοκλη�ώσετε την τ�έχουσα συγχώνευση π�ιν να ξεκινήσετε συγχώνευση."
+" Αυτό βοηθά στην ακ��ωση αποτυχημένης συγχώνευσης, εάν χ�ειαστεί.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s από %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:119
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Γίνεται συγχώνευση του %s με το %s..."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:130
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Η συγχώνευση ολοκλη�ώθηκε επιτυχώς."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:132
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Η συγχώνευση απέτυχε. Απαιτείται επίλυση συγκ�ο�σεων."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Συγχώνευση με %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:176
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Αναθεώ�ηση Π�ος Συγχώνευση"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:211
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Δε γίνεται ακ��ωση καθώς διο�θώνετε.\n"
+"\n"
+"Π�έπει να τελειώσετε τη διό�θωση αυτής της υποβολής.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:221
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ακ��ωση συγχώνευσης;\n"
+"\n"
+"Η ακ��ωση της τ�έχουσας συγχώνευσης θα π�οκαλέσει απώλεια *ΟΛΩ�* των μη "
+"υποβεβλημένων αλλαγών.\n"
+"\n"
+"�α π�οχω�ήσει η ακ��ωση της τ�έχουσας συγχώνευσης;"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:227
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Επαναφο�ά αλλαγών;\n"
+"\n"
+"Η επαναφο�ά των αλλαγών θα π�οκαλέσει απώλεια *ΟΛΩ�* των μη υποβεβλημένων "
+"αλλαγών.\n"
+"\n"
+"�α συνεχίσει η επαναφο�ά των τ�έχουσων αλλαγών;"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Γίνεται ακ��ωση"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "α�χεία που επαναφέ�θηκαν"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:265
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Η ακ��ωση απέτυχε."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Η ακ��ωση απέτυχε. Έτοιμο."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:95
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Επαναφο�ά Π�οεπιλογών"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:99
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Αποθήκευση"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:109
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s Αποθετή�ιο"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:110
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Ολικό (Όλα τα Αποθετή�ια)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:116
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Όνομα Χ�ήστη"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Διε�θυνση Email"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:119
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Πε�ίληψη Υποβολών Συγχώνευσης"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:120
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Λεπτομέ�εια Συγχώνευσης"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Π�οβολή Στατιστικών Διαφο�άς Μετά από Συγχώνευση"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:123
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Εμπιστοσ�νη Ημε�ομηνιών Μετατ�οπής Α�χείων"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:124
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr "Κλάδεμα Κλάδων Πα�ακολο�θησης Κατά Την Ανάκτηση"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:125
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr "Συμφωνία Κλάδων Πα�ακολο�θησης"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:126
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Α�ιθμός Γ�αμμών Εννοιολογικο� Πλαισίου Διαφο�άς"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:127
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Πλάτος Κειμένου Μην�ματος Υποβολής"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:128
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "�έο Π�ότυπο Ονόματος Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:192
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Λεξικό Ο�θογ�αφίας:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:216
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Αλλαγή Γ�αμματοσει�άς"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:220
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Επιλογή %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:226
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:240
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Π�οτιμήσεις"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:275
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Αποτυχία πλή�ους αποθήκευσης επιλογών:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Remote Branch"
+msgstr "Διαγ�αφή Απομακ�υσμένου Κλάδου"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Από Αποθετή�ιο"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Απομακ�υσμένο:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Arbitrary URL:"
+msgstr "Αυθαί�ετο URL:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Κλάδοι"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Διαγ�αφή Μόνο Εάν"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Συγχωνευμένο Με:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Πάντα (Μη διενε�γηθο�ν έλεγχοι συγχώνευσης)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "Απαιτείται ένας κλάδος για 'Συγχωνευμένο Με'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Οι εξής κλάδοι δεν είναι πλή�ως συγχωνευμένοι με το %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"Μία ή πε�ισσότε�ες από τις δοκιμές συγχώνευσης απέτυχαν επειδή δεν έχετε "
+"φέ�ει τις αναγκαίες υποβολές. Δοκιμάστε ανάκτηση από το %s π�ώτα."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Πα�ακαλώ επιλέξτε έναν ή πε�ισσότε�ους κλάδους π�ος διαγ�αφή."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Η ανάκτηση διεγ�αμμένων κλάδων είναι δ�σκολη.\n"
+"\n"
+"Διαγ�αφή των επιλεγμένων κλάδων;"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Γίνεται διαγ�αφή κλάδων από %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Δεν έχει επιλεγεί αποθετή�ιο."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Ανίχνευση %s..."
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:165
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Κλάδεμα από"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:170
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Ανάκτηση από"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:213
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "�θηση σε"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Δε μπό�εσε να αποθηκευτεί η συντόμευση:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Δε μπό�εσε να αποθηκευτεί το εικονίδιο:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Mη υποστη�ιζόμενος ελεγκτής ο�θογ�αφίας"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Έλεγχος ο�θογ�αφίας μη διαθέσιμος"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Μη έγκυ�η ��θμιση ελέγχου ο�θογ�αφίας"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Γίνεται επαναφο�ά του λεξικο� σε %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Ο ελεγκτής ο�θογ�αφίας απέτυχε σιωπηλά κατά την εκκίνηση"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Μη αναγνω�ίσιμος ελεγκτής ο�θογ�αφίας"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:180
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Καμία Π�όταση"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:381
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Μη αναμενόμενο τέλος α�χείου από τον ελεγκτή ο�θογ�αφίας"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:385
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Αποτυχία Ελεγκτή Ο�θογ�αφίας"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i από %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "ανάκτηση %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Ανάκτηση νέων αλλαγών από το %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "απομακ�υσμένο κλάδεμα %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Γίνεται κλάδεμα κλάδων πα�ακολο�θησης που διεγ�άφησαν από το %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "ώθηση %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Γίνεται ώθηση αλλαγών στο %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Γίνεται ώθηση %s %s στο %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "�θηση Κλάδων"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Πηγαίοι Κλάδοι"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Αποθετή�ιο Π�οο�ισμο�"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Επιλογές Μεταφο�άς"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Εξαναγκασμός επεγγ�αφής υπά�χοντος κλάδου (μπο�εί να απο��ίψει αλλαγές)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Χ�ήση ισχνο� πακέτου (για α�γές συνδέσεις δικτ�ου)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Συμπε�ίληψη ετικετών"
+
+
diff --git a/git-gui/po/fr.po b/git-gui/po/fr.po
index 45773ab3d..a944ace6c 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/fr.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/fr.po
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "%s nécessite au moins Git 1.5.0.\n"
 "\n"
-"Peut'on considérer que '%s' est en version 1.5.0 ?\n"
+"Peut-on considérer que '%s' est en version 1.5.0 ?\n"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1062
 msgid "Git directory not found:"
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ msgstr "Aucun répertoire de travail"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
 msgid "Refreshing file status..."
-msgstr "Rafraichissement du status des fichiers..."
+msgstr "Rafraîchissement du statut des fichiers..."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1303
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ msgstr "Dépôt"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2281
 msgid "Edit"
-msgstr "Edition"
+msgstr "Édition"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
 msgid "Branch"
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ msgstr "Naviguer dans la branche..."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2316
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
-msgstr "Visualiser historique branche courante"
+msgstr "Visualiser l'historique de la branche courante"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2320
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
@@ -208,12 +208,12 @@ msgstr "Voir l'historique de toutes les branches"
 #: git-gui.sh:2327
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Browse %s's Files"
-msgstr "Naviguer l'arborescence de %s"
+msgstr "Parcourir l'arborescence de %s"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2329
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Visualize %s's History"
-msgstr "Voir l'historique de la branche: %s"
+msgstr "Voir l'historique de la branche : %s"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
 msgid "Database Statistics"
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ msgstr "Vérifier le dépôt"
 #: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
 msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
-msgstr "Créer icône sur bureau"
+msgstr "Créer une icône sur le bureau"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
 msgid "Quit"
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ msgstr "Désindexer"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
 msgid "Revert Changes"
-msgstr "Annuler les modifications (revert)"
+msgstr "Annuler les modifications"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
 msgid "Show Less Context"
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ msgstr "Documentation en ligne"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
-msgstr "Montrer clé SSH"
+msgstr "Montrer la clé SSH"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2707
 #, tcl-format
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ msgstr "Fichier :"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3078
 msgid "Refresh"
-msgstr "Rafraichir"
+msgstr "Rafraîchir"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3099
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ msgstr "Agrandir la police"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
 msgid "Encoding"
-msgstr "Encodage"
+msgstr "Codage des caractères"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3122
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ msgstr "Appliquer/Inverser la ligne"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3137
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
-msgstr "Lancer outil de merge"
+msgstr "Lancer l'outil de fusion"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3142
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Ceci est du à un problème connu avec\n"
+"Ceci est dû à un problème connu avec\n"
 "le binaire Tcl distribué par Cygwin."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3336
@@ -630,11 +630,11 @@ msgstr "Fichier original :"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1021
 msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
-msgstr "Impossible de trouver le commit HEAD:"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver le commit HEAD :"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1076
 msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
-msgstr "Impossible de trouver le commit parent:"
+msgstr "Impossible de trouver le commit parent :"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1091
 msgid "Unable to display parent"
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ msgstr "Erreur lors du chargement des différences :"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1232
 msgid "Originally By:"
-msgstr "A l'origine par :"
+msgstr "À l'origine par :"
 
 #: lib/blame.tcl:1238
 msgid "In File:"
@@ -691,11 +691,11 @@ msgstr "Détacher de la branche locale"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
 msgid "Create Branch"
-msgstr "Créer branche"
+msgstr "Créer une branche"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
 msgid "Create New Branch"
-msgstr "Créer nouvelle branche"
+msgstr "Créer une nouvelle branche"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
 msgid "Create"
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ msgstr "Révision initiale"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
 msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
-msgstr "Mettre à jour branche existante :"
+msgstr "Mettre à jour une branche existante :"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
 msgid "No"
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ msgstr "Non"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
 msgid "Fast Forward Only"
-msgstr "Mise-à-jour rectiligne seulement (fast-forward)"
+msgstr "Mise à jour rectiligne seulement (fast-forward)"
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
 msgid "Reset"
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ msgstr "Branches locales"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
 msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
-msgstr "Supprimer seulement si fusionnée dans:"
+msgstr "Supprimer seulement si fusionnée dans :"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
 msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
@@ -780,23 +780,13 @@ msgstr "Toujours (Ne pas faire de test de fusion.)"
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "Les branches suivantes ne sont pas complètement fusionnées dans %s :"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Récupérer des branches supprimées est difficile.\n"
-"\n"
-"Supprimer les branches sélectionnées ?"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to delete branches:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"La suppression des branches suivantes a échouée :\n"
+"La suppression des branches suivantes a échoué :\n"
 "%s"
 
 #: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
@@ -902,11 +892,11 @@ msgstr "La stratégie de fusion '%s' n'est pas supportée."
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
-msgstr "La mise à jour de '%s' a échouée."
+msgstr "La mise à jour de '%s' a échoué."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
 msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
-msgstr "L'index (staging area) est déjà vérouillé"
+msgstr "L'index (staging area) est déjà verrouillé."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
 msgid ""
@@ -918,7 +908,7 @@ msgid ""
 "The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "L'état lors de la dernière synchronisation ne correspond plus à l'état du "
-"dépôt\n"
+"dépôt.\n"
 "\n"
 "Un autre programme Git a modifié ce dépôt depuis la dernière "
 "synchronisation. Une resynchronisation doit être effectuée avant de pouvoir "
@@ -956,9 +946,9 @@ msgid ""
 "If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
 "Checkout'."
 msgstr ""
-"Vous n'êtes plus ur une branche locale.\n"
+"Vous n'êtes plus sur une branche locale.\n"
 "\n"
-"Si vous vouliez être sur une branche, créez en une maintenant en partant de "
+"Si vous vouliez être sur une branche, créez-en une maintenant en partant de "
 "'Cet emprunt détaché'."
 
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
@@ -1000,7 +990,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "mis à jour avec succès, mais la mise à jour d'un fichier interne à Git a "
 "échouée.\n"
 "\n"
-"Cela n'aurait pas du se produire. %s va abandonner et se terminer."
+"Cela n'aurait pas dû se produire. %s va abandonner et se terminer."
 
 #: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
 msgid "Select"
@@ -1023,8 +1013,8 @@ msgid ""
 "This is example text.\n"
 "If you like this text, it can be your font."
 msgstr ""
-"C'est un texte d'exemple.\n"
-"Si vous aimez ce texte, vous pouvez choisir cette police"
+"Ceci est un texte d'exemple.\n"
+"Si vous aimez ce texte, vous pouvez choisir cette police."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
 msgid "Git Gui"
@@ -1040,7 +1030,7 @@ msgstr "Nouveau..."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
 msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
-msgstr "Cloner dépôt existant"
+msgstr "Cloner un dépôt existant"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
 msgid "Clone..."
@@ -1048,7 +1038,7 @@ msgstr "Cloner..."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
 msgid "Open Existing Repository"
-msgstr "Ouvrir dépôt existant"
+msgstr "Ouvrir un dépôt existant"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
 msgid "Open..."
@@ -1056,17 +1046,17 @@ msgstr "Ouvrir..."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
 msgid "Recent Repositories"
-msgstr "Dépôt récemment utilisés"
+msgstr "Dépôts récemment utilisés"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
 msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
-msgstr "Ouvrir dépôt récent :"
+msgstr "Ouvrir un dépôt récent :"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
-msgstr "La création du dépôt %s a échouée :"
+msgstr "La création du dépôt %s a échoué :"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
 msgid "Directory:"
@@ -1093,11 +1083,11 @@ msgstr "Cloner"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
 msgid "Source Location:"
-msgstr "Emplacement source:"
+msgstr "Emplacement source :"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
 msgid "Target Directory:"
-msgstr "Répertoire cible:"
+msgstr "Répertoire cible :"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
 msgid "Clone Type:"
@@ -1137,7 +1127,7 @@ msgstr "L'emplacement %s existe déjà."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
 msgid "Failed to configure origin"
-msgstr "La configuration de l'origine a échouée."
+msgstr "La configuration de l'origine a échoué."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
 msgid "Counting objects"
@@ -1242,7 +1232,7 @@ msgstr "fichiers"
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
 msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
-msgstr "Chargement initial du fichier échoué."
+msgstr "Le chargement initial du fichier a échoué."
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
 msgid "Open"
@@ -1284,7 +1274,7 @@ msgstr "Révision invalide : %s"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
 msgid "No revision selected."
-msgstr "Pas de révision selectionnée."
+msgstr "Pas de révision sélectionnée."
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
 msgid "Revision expression is empty."
@@ -1292,7 +1282,7 @@ msgstr "L'expression de révision est vide."
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
 msgid "Updated"
-msgstr "Mise-à-jour:"
+msgstr "Mise à jour:"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
 msgid "URL"
@@ -1320,8 +1310,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Impossible de corriger pendant une fusion.\n"
 "\n"
-"Vous êtes actuellement au milieu d'une fusion qui n'a pas été completement "
-"terminée. Vous ne pouvez pas corriger le commit précédant sauf si vous "
+"Vous êtes actuellement au milieu d'une fusion qui n'a pas été complètement "
+"terminée. Vous ne pouvez pas corriger le commit précédent sauf si vous "
 "abandonnez la fusion courante.\n"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:49
@@ -1409,7 +1399,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #: lib/commit.tcl:211
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
-msgstr "attention : Tcl ne supporte pas l'encodage '%s'."
+msgstr "attention : Tcl ne supporte pas le codage '%s'."
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:227
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
@@ -1469,12 +1459,12 @@ msgstr "commit-tree a échoué :"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:373
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
-msgstr "update-ref a échoué"
+msgstr "update-ref a échoué :"
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:461
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
-msgstr "Commit créé %s : %s"
+msgstr "Commit %s créé : %s"
 
 #: lib/console.tcl:59
 msgid "Working... please wait..."
@@ -1581,24 +1571,24 @@ msgid ""
 "LOCAL: deleted\n"
 "REMOTE:\n"
 msgstr ""
-"LOCAL: supprimé\n"
-"DISTANT:\n"
+"LOCAL : supprimé\n"
+"DISTANT :\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:125
 msgid ""
 "REMOTE: deleted\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
 msgstr ""
-"DISTANT: supprimé\n"
-"LOCAL:\n"
+"DISTANT : supprimé\n"
+"LOCAL :\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:132
 msgid "LOCAL:\n"
-msgstr "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOCAL :\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:135
 msgid "REMOTE:\n"
-msgstr "DISTANT:\n"
+msgstr "DISTANT :\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1624,7 +1614,7 @@ msgid ""
 "* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
 msgstr ""
 "* Le fichier non suivi fait %d octets.\n"
-"* On montre seulement les premiers %d octets.\n"
+"* Seuls les %d premiers octets sont montrés.\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:228
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1635,7 +1625,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "* Fichier suivi raccourcis ici de %s.\n"
-"* Pour voir le fichier entier, utiliser un éditeur externe.\n"
+"* Pour voir le fichier entier, utilisez un éditeur externe.\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:436
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
@@ -1680,7 +1670,7 @@ msgstr "Vous devez corriger les erreurs suivantes avant de pouvoir commiter."
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:6
 msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
-msgstr "Impossible de dévérouiller l'index."
+msgstr "Impossible de déverrouiller l'index."
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:15
 msgid "Index Error"
@@ -1700,12 +1690,12 @@ msgstr "Continuer"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:31
 msgid "Unlock Index"
-msgstr "Déverouiller l'index"
+msgstr "Déverrouiller l'index"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:287
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
-msgstr "Désindexation de: %s"
+msgstr "Désindexation de : %s"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:326
 msgid "Ready to commit."
@@ -1804,11 +1794,11 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Vous êtes au milieu d'une modification.\n"
 "\n"
-"Le fichier %s est modifié.\n"
+"Le fichier %s a été modifié.\n"
 "\n"
 "Vous devriez terminer le commit courant avant de lancer une fusion. En "
 "faisait comme cela, vous éviterez de devoir éventuellement abandonner une "
-"fusion ayant échouée.\n"
+"fusion ayant échoué.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:107
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1826,7 +1816,7 @@ msgstr "La fusion s'est faite avec succès."
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:133
 msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
-msgstr "La fusion a echouée. Il est nécessaire de résoudre les conflicts."
+msgstr "La fusion a echoué. Il est nécessaire de résoudre les conflits."
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:158
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1914,16 +1904,16 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
 msgstr ""
-"Noter que le diff ne montre que les modifications en conflict.\n"
+"Noter que le diff ne montre que les modifications en conflit.\n"
 "\n"
 "%s sera écrasé.\n"
 "\n"
-"Cette opération ne peut être défaite qu'en relançant la fusion."
+"Cette opération ne peut être inversée qu'en relançant la fusion."
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
-msgstr "Le fichier %s semble avoir des conflicts non résolus, indéxer quand même ?"
+msgstr "Le fichier %s semble avoir des conflits non résolus, indexer quand même ?"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1932,11 +1922,11 @@ msgstr "Ajouter une résolution pour %s"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
 msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
-msgstr "Impossible de résoudre la suppression ou de relier des conflicts en utilisant un outil"
+msgstr "Impossible de résoudre la suppression ou de relier des conflits en utilisant un outil"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
 msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
-msgstr "Le fichier en conflict n'existe pas."
+msgstr "Le fichier en conflit n'existe pas."
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1958,7 +1948,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Error retrieving versions:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"Erreur lors de la récupération des versions:\n"
+"Erreur lors de la récupération des versions :\n"
 "%s"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
@@ -1968,7 +1958,7 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"Impossible de lancer l'outil de fusion:\n"
+"Impossible de lancer l'outil de fusion :\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
 
@@ -1983,12 +1973,12 @@ msgstr "L'outil de fusion a échoué."
 #: lib/option.tcl:11
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "Encodage global invalide '%s'"
+msgstr "Codage global '%s' invalide"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:19
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
-msgstr "Encodage de dépôt invalide '%s'"
+msgstr "Codage de dépôt '%s' invalide"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:117
 msgid "Restore Defaults"
@@ -2001,7 +1991,7 @@ msgstr "Sauvegarder"
 #: lib/option.tcl:131
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "%s Repository"
-msgstr "Dépôt: %s"
+msgstr "Dépôt : %s"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:132
 msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
@@ -2069,7 +2059,7 @@ msgstr "Nouveau modèle de nom de branche"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:155
 msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
-msgstr "Encodage du contenu des fichiers par défaut"
+msgstr "Codage du contenu des fichiers par défaut"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:203
 msgid "Change"
@@ -2098,11 +2088,11 @@ msgstr "Préférences"
 
 #: lib/option.tcl:314
 msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
-msgstr "La sauvegarde complète des options a échouée :"
+msgstr "La sauvegarde complète des options a échoué :"
 
 #: lib/remote.tcl:163
 msgid "Remove Remote"
-msgstr "Supprimer dépôt distant"
+msgstr "Supprimer un dépôt distant"
 
 #: lib/remote.tcl:168
 msgid "Prune from"
@@ -2118,11 +2108,11 @@ msgstr "Pousser vers"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
 msgid "Add Remote"
-msgstr "Ajouter dépôt distant"
+msgstr "Ajouter un dépôt distant"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
 msgid "Add New Remote"
-msgstr "Ajouter nouveau dépôt distant"
+msgstr "Ajouter un nouveau dépôt distant"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
 msgid "Add"
@@ -2134,7 +2124,7 @@ msgstr "Détails des dépôts distants"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
 msgid "Location:"
-msgstr "Emplacement:"
+msgstr "Emplacement :"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
 msgid "Further Action"
@@ -2146,7 +2136,7 @@ msgstr "Récupérer immédiatement"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
 msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
-msgstr "Initialiser dépôt distant et pousser"
+msgstr "Initialiser un dépôt distant et pousser"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
 msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
@@ -2193,7 +2183,7 @@ msgstr "Mise en place de %s (à %s)"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
 msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
-msgstr "Supprimer branche à distance"
+msgstr "Supprimer une branche à distance"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
 msgid "From Repository"
@@ -2244,8 +2234,8 @@ msgid ""
 "One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
 "necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
 msgstr ""
-"Une ou plusieurs des tests de fusion ont échoués parce que vous n'avez pas "
-"récupéré les commits nécessaires. Essayez de récupéré à partir de %s d'abord."
+"Un ou plusieurs des tests de fusion ont échoué parce que vous n'avez pas "
+"récupéré les commits nécessaires. Essayez de récupérer à partir de %s d'abord."
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
 msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
@@ -2257,14 +2247,14 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Delete the selected branches?"
 msgstr ""
-"Récupérer des branches supprimées est difficile.\n"
+"Il est difficile de récupérer des branches supprimées.\n"
 "\n"
-"Souhaitez vous supprimer les branches sélectionnées ?"
+"Supprimer les branches sélectionnées ?"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
-msgstr "Supprimer les branches de %s"
+msgstr "Suppression des branches de %s"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
 msgid "No repository selected."
@@ -2285,7 +2275,7 @@ msgstr "Suivant"
 
 #: lib/search.tcl:24
 msgid "Prev"
-msgstr "Précédant"
+msgstr "Précédent"
 
 #: lib/search.tcl:25
 msgid "Case-Sensitive"
@@ -2293,7 +2283,7 @@ msgstr "Sensible à la casse"
 
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
 msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
-msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le raccourcis :"
+msgstr "Impossible d'écrire le raccourci :"
 
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
 msgid "Cannot write icon:"
@@ -2318,7 +2308,7 @@ msgstr "Réinitialisation du dictionnaire à %s."
 
 #: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
 msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
-msgstr "La vérification d'orthographe a échouée silentieusement au démarrage"
+msgstr "La vérification d'orthographe a échoué silencieusement au démarrage"
 
 #: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
 msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
@@ -2351,11 +2341,11 @@ msgstr "Générer une clé"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
 msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
-msgstr "Copier dans le presse papier"
+msgstr "Copier dans le presse-papier"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
 msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
-msgstr "Votre clé publique Open SSH"
+msgstr "Votre clé publique OpenSSH"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
 msgid "Generating..."
@@ -2368,7 +2358,7 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"Impossible de lancer ssh-keygen:\n"
+"Impossible de lancer ssh-keygen :\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
 
@@ -2398,7 +2388,7 @@ msgstr "Lancer %s nécessite qu'un fichier soit sélectionné."
 #: lib/tools.tcl:90
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
-msgstr "Êtes vous sûr de vouloir lancer %s ?"
+msgstr "Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir lancer %s ?"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:110
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2412,7 +2402,7 @@ msgstr "Lancement de : %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed succesfully: %s"
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
 msgstr "L'outil a terminé avec succès : %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:151
@@ -2422,11 +2412,11 @@ msgstr "L'outil a échoué : %s"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
 msgid "Add Tool"
-msgstr "Ajouter outil"
+msgstr "Ajouter un outil"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
 msgid "Add New Tool Command"
-msgstr "Ajouter nouvelle commande d'outil"
+msgstr "Ajouter une nouvelle commande d'outil"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
 msgid "Add globally"
@@ -2438,7 +2428,7 @@ msgstr "Détails sur l'outil"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
 msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
-msgstr "Utiliser les séparateurs '/' pour créer un arbre de sous menus :"
+msgstr "Utiliser les séparateurs '/' pour créer un arbre de sous-menus :"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
 msgid "Command:"
@@ -2462,7 +2452,7 @@ msgstr "Ne pas montrer la fenêtre de sortie des commandes"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
 msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
-msgstr "Lancer seulement si un diff est selectionné ($FILENAME non vide)"
+msgstr "Lancer seulement si un diff est sélectionné ($FILENAME non vide)"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
 msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
@@ -2479,7 +2469,7 @@ msgid ""
 "Could not add tool:\n"
 "%s"
 msgstr ""
-"Impossible d'ajouter l'outil:\n"
+"Impossible d'ajouter l'outil :\n"
 "%s"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
diff --git a/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot b/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
index 58db67c21..074582d97 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
+++ b/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -90,6 +90,11 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Ready."
 msgstr ""
 
+#: git-gui.sh:1726
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
+msgstr ""
+
 #: git-gui.sh:1819
 msgid "Unmodified"
 msgstr ""
@@ -234,25 +239,25 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -284,15 +289,15 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -312,15 +317,15 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -354,7 +359,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Preferences..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -374,124 +379,124 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2740
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2761
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2781
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2831
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2885
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2886
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2887
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2888
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2889
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2890
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3078
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3099
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3103
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3122
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3127
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3137
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3142
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3146
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3150
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3169
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3170
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3172
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3173
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3196
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -502,14 +507,14 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3331
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
 "Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -589,43 +594,43 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Loading annotation..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
 msgid "Original File:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
 msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
 msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
 msgid "Unable to display parent"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
 msgid "Error loading diff:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
 msgid "Originally By:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
 msgid "In File:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
 msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -642,7 +647,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
 #: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
-#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -753,13 +758,6 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -1254,19 +1252,19 @@ msgid ""
 "current merge activity.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
 msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
 msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1276,7 +1274,7 @@ msgid ""
 "The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
@@ -1285,7 +1283,7 @@ msgid ""
 "before committing.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
@@ -1293,14 +1291,14 @@ msgid ""
 "File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
 "You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
 msgid ""
 "Please supply a commit message.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1311,45 +1309,45 @@ msgid ""
 "- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
 msgid "Committing changes..."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
 msgid "Commit failed."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1358,19 +1356,19 @@ msgid ""
 "A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
 msgid "No changes to commit."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
 msgstr ""
@@ -1999,7 +1997,8 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "push %s"
 msgstr ""
@@ -2017,11 +2016,11 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "From Repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
 msgid "Remote:"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
 msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -2219,7 +2218,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed succesfully: %s"
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:151
@@ -2336,35 +2335,40 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
 msgid "Push Branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
 msgid "Source Branches"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
 msgid "Destination Repository"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
 msgid "Transfer Options"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
 msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
 msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
 msgid "Include tags"
 msgstr ""
diff --git a/git-gui/po/glossary/el.po b/git-gui/po/glossary/el.po
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1d3cc818d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/glossary/el.po
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+# Translation of git-gui glossary to Greek
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Jimmy Angelakos
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+# Jimmy Angelakos <vyruss@hellug.gr>, 2009.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-gui-glossary\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-01-07 21:20+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-06-23 20:41+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Jimmy Angelakos <vyruss@hellug.gr>\n"
+"Language-Team: Greek <i18n@lists.hellug.gr>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Generator: Lokalize 0.3\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#. "English Definition (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user! It should only serve as a tool for you, the translator. Nothing more.)"
+msgid "English Term (Dear translator: This file will never be visible to the user!)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. ""
+msgid "amend"
+msgstr "διό�θωση"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "annotate"
+msgstr "σχολιασμός"
+
+#. "A 'branch' is an active line of development."
+msgid "branch [noun]"
+msgstr "κλάδος [αντικείμενο]"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "branch [verb]"
+msgstr "διακλάδωση [ενέ�γεια]"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "checkout [noun]"
+msgstr "εξαγωγή [αντικείμενο]"
+
+#. "The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "checkout [verb]"
+msgstr "εξαγωγή [ενέ�γεια]"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "clone [verb]"
+msgstr "κλωνοποίηση [ενέ�γεια]"
+
+#. "A single point in the git history."
+msgid "commit [noun]"
+msgstr "υποβολή [αντικείμενο] "
+
+#. "The action of storing a new snapshot of the project's state in the git history."
+msgid "commit [verb]"
+msgstr "υποβολή [ενέ�γεια]"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [noun]"
+msgstr "διαφο�ά [αντικείμενο] "
+
+#. ""
+msgid "diff [verb]"
+msgstr "διαφο�ά [ενέ�γεια]"
+
+#. "A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have a revision and you are merging another branch's changes that happen to be a descendant of what you have."
+msgid "fast forward merge"
+msgstr "συγχώνευση επιτάχυνσης"
+
+#. "Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from the local object database, and to get them, too."
+msgid "fetch"
+msgstr "ανάκτηση"
+
+#. "One context of consecutive lines in a whole patch, which consists of many such hunks"
+msgid "hunk"
+msgstr "κομμάτι"
+
+#. "A collection of files. The index is a stored version of your working tree."
+msgid "index (in git-gui: staging area)"
+msgstr "ευ�ετή�ιο (στο git-gui: πε�ιοχή σταδιοποίησης)"
+
+#. "A successful merge results in the creation of a new commit representing the result of the merge."
+msgid "merge [noun]"
+msgstr "συγχώνευση [αντικείμενο]"
+
+#. "To bring the contents of another branch into the current branch."
+msgid "merge [verb]"
+msgstr "συγχώνευση [ενέ�γεια]"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "μήνυμα"
+
+#. "Deletes all stale tracking branches under <name>. These stale branches have already been removed from the remote repository referenced by <name>, but are still locally available in 'remotes/<name>'."
+msgid "prune"
+msgstr "κλάδεμα"
+
+#. "Pulling a branch means to fetch it and merge it."
+msgid "pull"
+msgstr "λήψη"
+
+#. "Pushing a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, and ... (well, can someone please explain it for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "push"
+msgstr "ώθηση"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "redo"
+msgstr "ξανά"
+
+#. "An other repository ('remote'). One might have a set of remotes whose branches one tracks."
+msgid "remote"
+msgstr "απομακ�υσμένο"
+
+#. "A collection of refs (?) together with an object database containing all objects which are reachable from the refs... (oops, you've lost me here. Again, please an explanation for mere mortals?)"
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "αποθετή�ιο"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "reset"
+msgstr "επαναφο�ά"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "revert"
+msgstr "αναί�εση"
+
+#. "A particular state of files and directories which was stored in the object database."
+msgid "revision"
+msgstr "αναθεώ�ηση"
+
+#. ""
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "sign off"
+msgstr "αποσ�νδεση"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "staging area"
+msgstr "πε�ιοχή σταδιοποίησης"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "status"
+msgstr "κατάσταση"
+
+#. "A ref pointing to a tag or commit object"
+msgid "tag [noun]"
+msgstr "ετικέτα [αντικείμενο]"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "tag [verb]"
+msgstr "ετικέτα [ενέ�γεια]"
+
+#. "A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from another repository."
+msgid "tracking branch"
+msgstr "κλάδος πα�ακολο�θησης"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "undo"
+msgstr "αναί�εση"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "update"
+msgstr "ενημέ�ωση"
+
+#. ""
+msgid "verify"
+msgstr "επαλήθευση"
+
+#. "The tree of actual checked out files."
+msgid "working copy, working tree"
+msgstr "αντίγ�αφο ε�γασίας"
+
+
diff --git a/git-gui/po/hu.po b/git-gui/po/hu.po
index 8ec43392d..0f87bc1cb 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/hu.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/hu.po
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui-i 18n\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-11-17 23:03+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-10 15:00+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Miklos Vajna <vmiklos@frugalware.org>\n"
 "Language-Team: Hungarian\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
@@ -241,25 +241,25 @@ msgstr "Visszavonás"
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "Mégis"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "Kivágás"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "Másolás"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "Beillesztés"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "Törlés"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "Mindent kiválaszt"
 
@@ -291,15 +291,15 @@ msgstr "Kész"
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr "Commit@@ige"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr "Új commit"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "Utolsó commit javítása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "Keresés újra"
 
@@ -319,15 +319,15 @@ msgstr "Commitba való kiválasztás visszavonása"
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "Változtatások visszaállítása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr "Kevesebb környezet mutatása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr "Több környezet mutatása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr "Aláír"
 
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ msgstr "Névjegy: %s"
 msgid "Preferences..."
 msgstr "Beállítások..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "Opciók..."
 
@@ -381,125 +381,125 @@ msgstr "Online dokumentáció"
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr "SSH kulcs mutatása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
 "végzetes hiba: nem érhető el a(z) %s útvonal: Nincs ilyen fájl vagy könyvtár"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2740
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "Jelenlegi branch:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2761
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr "Kiválasztott változtatások (commitolva lesz)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2781
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "Kiválasztatlan változtatások"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2831
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "Változtatások kiválasztása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "Push"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2885
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Kezdeti commit üzenet:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2886
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Javító commit üzenet:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2887
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Kezdeti javító commit üzenet:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2888
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Javító merge commit üzenet:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2889
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Merge commit üzenet:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2890
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Commit üzenet:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "Összes másolása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "Fájl:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3078
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "Frissítés"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3099
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "Font méret csökkentése"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3103
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "Fönt méret növelése"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr "Kódolás"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3122
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr "Hunk alkalmazása/visszaállítása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3127
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr "Sor alkalmazása/visszaállítása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3137
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr "Merge eszköz futtatása"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3142
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr "Távoli verzió használata"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3146
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr "Helyi verzió használata"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3150
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr "Visszaállítás az alaphoz"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3169
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "Hunk törlése commitból"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3170
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr "A sor kiválasztásának törlése"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3172
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "Hunk kiválasztása commitba"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3173
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr "Sor kiválasztása commitba"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3196
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "Inicializálás..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "indított folyamatok által:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3331
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Ez a Cygwin által terjesztett Tcl binárisban\n"
 "lévő ismert hiba miatt van."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -612,43 +612,43 @@ msgstr "Futtatás másolás-érzékelésen keresztül..."
 msgid "Loading annotation..."
 msgstr "Az annotáció betöltése..."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Szerző:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Commiter:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
 msgid "Original File:"
 msgstr "Eredeti fájl:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
 msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
 msgstr "Nem található a HEAD commit:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
 msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
 msgstr "Nem található a szülő commit:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
 msgid "Unable to display parent"
 msgstr "Nem lehet megjeleníteni a szülőt"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
 msgid "Error loading diff:"
 msgstr "Hiba a diff betöltése közben:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
 msgid "Originally By:"
 msgstr "Eredeti szerző:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
 msgid "In File:"
 msgstr "Ebben a fájlban:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
 msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
 msgstr "Ide másolta vagy helyezte:"
 
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ msgstr "Checkout"
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
 #: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
-#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Mégsem"
 
@@ -776,16 +776,6 @@ msgstr "Mindig (Ne legyen merge teszt.)"
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "A következő branchek nem teljesen lettek merge-ölve ebbe: %s:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"A törölt branchek visszaállítása bonyolult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Biztosan törli a kiválasztott brancheket?"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -1317,19 +1307,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "A jelenlegi merge még nem teljesen fejeződött be. Csak akkor javíthat egy "
 "előbbi commitot, hogyha megszakítja a jelenlegi merge folyamatot.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
 msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
 msgstr "Hiba a javítandó commit adat betöltése közben:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
 msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
 msgstr "Nem sikerült megállapítani az azonosítót:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 msgstr "Érvénytelen GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1346,7 +1336,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Az újrakeresés most automatikusan el fog indulni.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
@@ -1359,7 +1349,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "A(z) %s fájlban ütközések vannak. Egyszer azokat ki kell javítani, majd "
 "hozzá ki kell választani a fájlt mielőtt commitolni lehetne.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
@@ -1370,7 +1360,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "A(z) %s fájlt nem tudja ez a program commitolni.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1380,7 +1370,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Legalább egy fájl ki kell választani, hogy commitolni lehessen.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
 msgid ""
 "Please supply a commit message.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1398,45 +1388,45 @@ msgstr ""
 "- Második sor: Üres\n"
 "- A többi sor: Leírja, hogy miért jó ez a változtatás.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
 msgstr "figyelmeztetés: a Tcl nem támogatja a(z) '%s' kódolást."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
 msgstr "A pre-commit hurok meghívása..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
 msgstr "A commitot megakadályozta a pre-commit hurok. "
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr "A commit-msg hurok meghívása..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
 msgstr "A commiot megakadályozta a commit-msg hurok."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
 msgid "Committing changes..."
 msgstr "A változtatások commitolása..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
 msgstr "a write-tree sikertelen:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
 msgid "Commit failed."
 msgstr "A commit nem sikerült."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
 msgstr "A(z) %s commit sérültnek tűnik"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1450,19 +1440,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Az újrakeresés most automatikusan el fog indulni.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
 msgid "No changes to commit."
 msgstr "Nincs commitolandó változtatás."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
 msgstr "a commit-tree sikertelen:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
 msgstr "az update-ref sikertelen:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
 msgstr "Létrejött a %s commit: %s"
@@ -2168,7 +2158,8 @@ msgstr "A(z) %s letöltése"
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
 msgstr "Nem tudni, hogy hogy kell a(z) '%s' helyen repót inicializálni."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "push %s"
 msgstr "%s push-olása"
@@ -2186,11 +2177,11 @@ msgstr "Távoli Branch törlése"
 msgid "From Repository"
 msgstr "Forrás repó"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
 msgid "Remote:"
 msgstr "Távoli:"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
 msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
 msgstr "Önkényes hely:"
 
@@ -2398,7 +2389,7 @@ msgstr "Futtatás: %s..."
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed succesfully: %s"
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
 msgstr "Az eszköz sikeresen befejeződött: %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:151
@@ -2519,38 +2510,43 @@ msgstr "A %s repóból törölt követő branchek törlése"
 msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
 msgstr "Változások pusholása ide: %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Tükrözés a következő helyre: %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
 msgstr "Pusholás: %s %s, ide: %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
 msgid "Push Branches"
 msgstr "Branchek pusholása"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
 msgid "Source Branches"
 msgstr "Forrás branchek"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
 msgid "Destination Repository"
 msgstr "Cél repó"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
 msgid "Transfer Options"
 msgstr "�tviteli opciók"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
 msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
 msgstr ""
 "Létező branch felülírásának erőltetése (lehet, hogy el fog dobni "
 "változtatásokat)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
 msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
 msgstr "Vékony csomagok használata (lassú hálózati kapcsolatok számára)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
 msgid "Include tags"
 msgstr "Tageket is"
 
diff --git a/git-gui/po/it.po b/git-gui/po/it.po
index 2ee30844f..762632c22 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/it.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/it.po
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-11-17 16:04+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-09 13:04+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Michele Ballabio <barra_cuda@katamail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Italian <tp@lists.linux.it>\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
@@ -242,25 +242,25 @@ msgstr "Annulla"
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "Ripeti"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "Taglia"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "Copia"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "Incolla"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "Elimina"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "Seleziona tutto"
 
@@ -292,15 +292,15 @@ msgstr "Fatto"
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr "Nuova revisione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr "Nuova revisione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "Correggi l'ultima revisione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "Analizza nuovamente"
 
@@ -320,15 +320,15 @@ msgstr "Annulla preparazione"
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "Annulla modifiche"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr "Mostra meno contesto"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr "Mostra più contesto"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr "Sign Off"
 
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ msgstr "Informazioni su %s"
 msgid "Preferences..."
 msgstr "Preferenze..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "Opzioni..."
 
@@ -382,126 +382,126 @@ msgstr "Documentazione sul web"
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr "Mostra chave SSH"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
 "errore grave: impossibile effettuare lo stat del path %s: file o directory "
 "non trovata"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2740
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "Ramo attuale:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2761
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr "Modifiche preparate (saranno nella nuova revisione)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2781
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "Modifiche non preparate"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2831
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "Prepara modificati"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "Propaga (Push)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2885
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio di revisione iniziale:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2886
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio di revisione corretto:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2887
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio iniziale di revisione corretto:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2888
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio di fusione corretto:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2889
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio di fusione:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2890
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Messaggio di revisione:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "Copia tutto"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "File:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3078
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "Rinfresca"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3099
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "Diminuisci dimensione caratteri"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3103
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "Aumenta dimensione caratteri"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr "Codifica"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3122
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr "Applica/Inverti sezione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3127
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr "Applica/Inverti riga"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3137
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr "Avvia programma esterno per la risoluzione dei conflitti"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3142
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr "Usa versione remota"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3146
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr "Usa versione locale"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3150
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr "Ritorna alla revisione comune"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3169
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "Annulla preparazione della sezione per una nuova revisione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3170
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr "Annulla preparazione della linea per una nuova revisione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3172
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "Prepara sezione per una nuova revisione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3173
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr "Prepara linea per una nuova revisione"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3196
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "Inizializzazione..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "da %s:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3331
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Ciò è dovuto a un problema conosciuto\n"
 "causato dall'eseguibile Tcl distribuito da Cygwin."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -613,43 +613,43 @@ msgstr "Ricerca accurata delle copie in corso..."
 msgid "Loading annotation..."
 msgstr "Caricamento annotazioni..."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Autore:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Revisione creata da:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
 msgid "Original File:"
 msgstr "File originario:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
 msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
 msgstr "Impossibile trovare la revisione HEAD:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
 msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
 msgstr "Impossibile trovare la revisione precedente:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
 msgid "Unable to display parent"
 msgstr "Impossibile visualizzare la revisione precedente"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
 msgid "Error loading diff:"
 msgstr "Errore nel caricamento delle differenze:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
 msgid "Originally By:"
 msgstr "In origine da:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
 msgid "In File:"
 msgstr "Nel file:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
 msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
 msgstr "Copiato o spostato qui da:"
 
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ msgstr "Attiva"
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
 #: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
-#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Annulla"
 
@@ -778,16 +778,6 @@ msgstr "Sempre (Non effettuare verifiche di fusione)."
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "I rami seguenti non sono stati fusi completamente in %s:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Ricomporre rami cancellati può essere complicato. \n"
-"\n"
-" Eliminare i rami selezionati?"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -1324,19 +1314,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "completata. Non puoi correggere la revisione precedente a meno che prima tu "
 "non interrompa l'operazione di fusione in corso.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
 msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
 msgstr "Errore durante il caricamento dei dati della revisione da correggere:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
 msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
 msgstr "Impossibile ottenere la tua identità:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 msgstr "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT non valida:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1353,7 +1343,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "La nuova analisi comincerà ora.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
@@ -1366,7 +1356,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Il file %s presenta dei conflitti. Devi risolverli e preparare il file per "
 "creare una nuova revisione prima di effettuare questa azione.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
@@ -1377,7 +1367,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Questo programma non può creare una revisione contenente il file %s.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1388,7 +1378,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Devi preparare per una nuova revisione almeno 1 file prima di effettuare "
 "questa operazione.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
 msgid ""
 "Please supply a commit message.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1406,45 +1396,45 @@ msgstr ""
 "- Seconda linea: vuota.\n"
 "- Terza linea: spiega a cosa serve la tua modifica.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
 msgstr "attenzione: Tcl non supporta la codifica '%s'."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
 msgstr "Avvio pre-commit hook..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
 msgstr "Revisione rifiutata dal pre-commit hook."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr "Avvio commit-msg hook..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
 msgstr "Revisione rifiutata dal commit-msg hook."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
 msgid "Committing changes..."
 msgstr "Archiviazione modifiche..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
 msgstr "write-tree non riuscito:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
 msgid "Commit failed."
 msgstr "Impossibile creare una nuova revisione."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
 msgstr "La revisione %s sembra essere danneggiata"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1458,19 +1448,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Si procederà subito ad una nuova analisi.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
 msgid "No changes to commit."
 msgstr "Nessuna modifica per la nuova revisione."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
 msgstr "commit-tree non riuscito:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
 msgstr "update-ref non riuscito:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
 msgstr "Creata revisione %s: %s"
@@ -2186,7 +2176,8 @@ msgstr "Recupero %s"
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
 msgstr "Impossibile inizializzare l'archivio posto in '%s'."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "push %s"
 msgstr "propaga verso %s"
@@ -2204,11 +2195,11 @@ msgstr "Elimina ramo remoto"
 msgid "From Repository"
 msgstr "Da archivio"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
 msgid "Remote:"
 msgstr "Remoto:"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
 msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
 msgstr "Posizione specifica:"
 
@@ -2417,7 +2408,7 @@ msgstr "Eseguo: %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed succesfully: %s"
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
 msgstr "Il programma esterno è terminato con successo: %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:151
@@ -2537,35 +2528,40 @@ msgstr "Effettua potatura dei duplicati locali di rami remoti cancellati da %s"
 msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
 msgstr "Propagazione modifiche a %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Mirroring verso %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
 msgstr "Propagazione %s %s a %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
 msgid "Push Branches"
 msgstr "Propaga rami"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
 msgid "Source Branches"
 msgstr "Rami di origine"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
 msgid "Destination Repository"
 msgstr "Archivio di destinazione"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
 msgid "Transfer Options"
 msgstr "Opzioni di trasferimento"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
 msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
 msgstr "Sovrascrivi ramo esistente (alcune modifiche potrebbero essere perse)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
 msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
 msgstr "Utilizza 'thin pack' (per connessioni lente)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
 msgid "Include tags"
 msgstr "Includi etichette"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ja.po b/git-gui/po/ja.po
index 8ba64177f..63c469510 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/ja.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/ja.po
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-11-26 19:17+0900\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-09 06:27+0900\n"
 "Last-Translator: �ら�� ��� <nanako3@lavabit.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Japanese\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
@@ -773,16 +773,6 @@ msgstr "無�件(マージテスト���)"
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "以下�ブラン�� %s �完全�マージ�れ����ん:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"ブラン�を削除�る�元�戻���困難��。 \n"
-"\n"
-" �択��ブラン�を削除����？"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -2382,7 +2372,7 @@ msgstr "実行中: %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed succesfully: %s"
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
 msgstr "ツール�完了����: %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:151
@@ -2501,7 +2491,12 @@ msgstr "%s �ら削除�れ�トラッキング・ブラン�を刈���
 msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
 msgstr "%s �変更をプッシュ�����"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "%s �ミラー�����"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
 msgstr "%3$s � %1$s %2$s をプッシュ�����"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/nb.po b/git-gui/po/nb.po
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6de93c28c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-gui/po/nb.po
@@ -0,0 +1,2474 @@
+# Norwegian (Bokmål) translation of git-gui.
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Shawn Pearce, et al.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
+#
+# Fredrik Skolmli <fredrik@frsk.net>, 2008.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: nb\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-03 16:05+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Fredrik Skolmli <fredrik@frsk.net>\n"
+"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
+msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
+msgstr "git-gui: Kritisk feil"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:689
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
+msgstr "Ugyldig font spesifisert i %s:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:723
+msgid "Main Font"
+msgstr "Hovedskrifttype"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:724
+msgid "Diff/Console Font"
+msgstr "Diff-/Konsollskrifttype"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:738
+msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
+msgstr "Kan ikke finne git i PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:765
+msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke tyde Git's oppgitte versjon:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:783
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Git version cannot be determined.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s claims it is version '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s requires at least Git 1.5.0 or later.\n"
+"\n"
+"Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan ikke avgjøre hvilken Git-versjon du har.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s sier versjonen er '%s'.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s krever Git versjon 1.5.0 eller nyere.\n"
+"\n"
+"Anta at '%s' er versjon 1.5.0?\n"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
+msgid "Git directory not found:"
+msgstr "Git-katalog ikke funnet:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
+msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke gå til toppen av arbeidskatalogen:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
+msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
+msgid "No working directory"
+msgstr "Ingen arbeidskatalog"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
+msgid "Refreshing file status..."
+msgstr "Oppdaterer filstatus..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
+msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
+msgstr "Søker etter endrede filer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
+msgid "Ready."
+msgstr "Klar."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
+msgid "Unmodified"
+msgstr "Uendret"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
+msgid "Modified, not staged"
+msgstr "Endret, ikke køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
+msgid "Staged for commit"
+msgstr "Køet for innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
+msgid "Portions staged for commit"
+msgstr "Delvis køet for innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
+msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
+msgstr "Klar for innsjekking, fraværende"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Filtype endret, ikke køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Filtype endret, køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
+msgid "Untracked, not staged"
+msgstr "Usporet, ikke køet"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
+msgid "Missing"
+msgstr "Fraværende"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
+msgid "Staged for removal"
+msgstr "Køet for fjerning"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
+msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
+msgstr "Køet for fjerning, fortsatt tilstede"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
+msgid "Requires merge resolution"
+msgstr "Sammenslåingen krever konflikthåndtering"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
+msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
+msgstr "Starter gitk... Vennligst vent..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke finne gitk i PATH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+msgid "Repository"
+msgstr "Arkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Redigere"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Gren"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+msgid "Commit@@noun"
+msgstr "Innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
+msgid "Merge"
+msgstr "Sammenslåing"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+msgid "Remote"
+msgstr "Fjernarkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "Verktøy"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Utforsk arbeidskopien"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
+msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
+msgstr "Utforsk denne grens filer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
+msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
+msgstr "Bla igjennom filer på gren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
+msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
+msgstr "Visualiser denne grens historikk"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
+msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
+msgstr "Visualiser alle greners historikk"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Browse %s's Files"
+msgstr "Bla i filene til %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Visualize %s's History"
+msgstr "Visualiser historien til %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+msgid "Database Statistics"
+msgstr "Databasestatistikk"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
+msgid "Compress Database"
+msgstr "Kompress databasen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
+msgid "Verify Database"
+msgstr "Verifiser databasen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
+msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
+msgstr "Lag skrivebordsikon"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Avslutt"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
+msgid "Undo"
+msgstr "Angre"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
+msgid "Redo"
+msgstr "Gjør om"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+msgid "Cut"
+msgstr "Klipp ut"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: lib/console.tcl:69
+msgid "Copy"
+msgstr "Kopier"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+msgid "Paste"
+msgstr "Lim inn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
+msgid "Delete"
+msgstr "Slett"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+msgid "Select All"
+msgstr "Velg alle"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
+msgid "Create..."
+msgstr "Opprett..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
+msgid "Checkout..."
+msgstr "Sjekk ut..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
+msgid "Rename..."
+msgstr "Endre navn..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
+msgid "Delete..."
+msgstr "Slett..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
+msgid "Reset..."
+msgstr "Tilbakestill..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Ferdig"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Sjekk inn"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+msgid "New Commit"
+msgstr "Ny innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+msgid "Amend Last Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til forrige innsjekking"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+msgid "Rescan"
+msgstr "Søk på ny"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
+msgid "Stage To Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
+msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til endrede filer i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
+msgid "Unstage From Commit"
+msgstr "Fjern fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
+msgid "Revert Changes"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill endringer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Vis mindre innhold"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Vis mer innhold"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "Signér"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
+msgid "Local Merge..."
+msgstr "Lokal sammenslåing..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
+msgid "Abort Merge..."
+msgstr "Avbryt sammenslåing..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Legg til..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
+msgid "Push..."
+msgstr "Send..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Fjern gren..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "About %s"
+msgstr "Om %s"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
+msgid "Preferences..."
+msgstr "Innstillinger..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+msgid "Options..."
+msgstr "Alternativer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Fjern..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Hjelp"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
+msgid "Online Documentation"
+msgstr "Online dokumentasjon"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Vis SSH-nøkkel"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
+msgstr ""
+"kritisk: kunne ikke finne status for sti %s: Ingen slik fil eller katalog"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2740
+msgid "Current Branch:"
+msgstr "Nåværende gren:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2761
+msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
+msgstr "Køede endringer (til innsjekking)"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2781
+msgid "Unstaged Changes"
+msgstr "Ukøede endringer"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2831
+msgid "Stage Changed"
+msgstr "Kø endret"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+msgid "Push"
+msgstr "Send"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2885
+msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Innledende innsjekkingsmelding:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2886
+msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utdypt innsjekkingsmelding"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2887
+msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utdypt innledende innsjekkingsmelding:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2888
+msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Utdypt innsjekkingsmelding for sammenslåing:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2889
+msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Revisjonsmelding for sammenslåing:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2890
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Revisjonsmelding:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+msgid "Copy All"
+msgstr "Kopier alle"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+msgid "File:"
+msgstr "Fil:"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3078
+msgid "Refresh"
+msgstr "Oppdater"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3099
+msgid "Decrease Font Size"
+msgstr "Gjør teksten mindre"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3103
+msgid "Increase Font Size"
+msgstr "Gjør teksten større"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Tekstkoding"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3122
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Bruk/tilbakestill del"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3127
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Bruk/tilbakestill linje"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3137
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Start sammenslåingsprosess"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3142
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Bruk versjon fra fjernarkiv"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3146
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Bruk lokal versjon"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3150
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill til baseversjonen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3169
+msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
+msgstr "Fjern delen fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3170
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Fjern linjen fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3172
+msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
+msgstr "Legg del i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3173
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Legg til linje i innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3196
+msgid "Initializing..."
+msgstr "Initsialiserer..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Possible environment issues exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"The following environment variables are probably\n"
+"going to be ignored by any Git subprocess run\n"
+"by %s:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3331
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"This is due to a known issue with the\n"
+"Tcl binary distributed by Cygwin."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"\n"
+"A good replacement for %s\n"
+"is placing values for the user.name and\n"
+"user.email settings into your personal\n"
+"~/.gitconfig file.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/about.tcl:26
+msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
+msgstr "git-gui - Et grafisk brukergrensesnitt for Git."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
+msgid "File Viewer"
+msgstr "Filviser"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
+msgid "Commit:"
+msgstr "Innsjekking:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
+msgid "Copy Commit"
+msgstr "Kopier innsjekking"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "Søk etter tekst..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Gjennomfør full deteksjon av kopieringer"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Vis historikkens innhold"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reading %s..."
+msgstr "Leser %s..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
+msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
+msgid "lines annotated"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
+msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
+msgid "Annotation complete."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Opptatt"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Kjører kopidetektering..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
+msgid "Loading annotation..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Forfatter:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Innsjekker:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+msgid "Original File:"
+msgstr "Opprinnelig fil:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "Finner ikke HEAD's innsjekking:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke finne innsjekkingens forelder:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "Kan ikke vise forelder"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Feil ved innlasting av forskjell:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+msgid "Originally By:"
+msgstr "Opprinnelig av:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+msgid "In File:"
+msgstr "I fil:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
+msgstr "Kopiert eller flyttet hit av:"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:14 lib/branch_checkout.tcl:19
+msgid "Checkout Branch"
+msgstr "Sjekk ut gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:23
+msgid "Checkout"
+msgstr "Utsjekking"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Avbryt"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
+msgid "Revision"
+msgstr "Revisjon"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
+msgid "Options"
+msgstr "Valg"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:39 lib/branch_create.tcl:92
+msgid "Fetch Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Hent sporet gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:44
+msgid "Detach From Local Branch"
+msgstr "Koble bort lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:22
+msgid "Create Branch"
+msgstr "Opprett gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:27
+msgid "Create New Branch"
+msgstr "Opprett ny gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Opprett"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:40
+msgid "Branch Name"
+msgstr "Navn på gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Navn:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:58
+msgid "Match Tracking Branch Name"
+msgstr "Bruk navn på sporet gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:66
+msgid "Starting Revision"
+msgstr "Starter revisjon"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:72
+msgid "Update Existing Branch:"
+msgstr "Oppdater eksisterende gren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:75
+msgid "No"
+msgstr "Nei"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:80
+msgid "Fast Forward Only"
+msgstr "Kun hurtigfremspoling"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
+msgid "Reset"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:97
+msgid "Checkout After Creation"
+msgstr "Sjekk ut etter oppretting"
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:131
+msgid "Please select a tracking branch."
+msgstr "Velg en gren som skal følges."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
+msgstr "Den fulgte grenen %s er ikke en gren i fjernarkivet."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
+msgid "Please supply a branch name."
+msgstr "Angi et navn for grenen."
+
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:164 lib/branch_rename.tcl:106
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable branch name."
+msgstr "'%s' kan ikke brukes som navn på en gren."
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:15
+msgid "Delete Branch"
+msgstr "Fjern gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:20
+msgid "Delete Local Branch"
+msgstr "Fjern lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:37
+msgid "Local Branches"
+msgstr "Lokale grener"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
+msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
+msgstr "Fjern kun ved sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
+msgstr "Alltid (Ikke utfør sammenslåingstest.)"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
+msgstr "Følgende grener er ikke fullstendig slått sammen med %s:"
+
+#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to delete branches:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke fjerne grener:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:14 lib/branch_rename.tcl:22
+msgid "Rename Branch"
+msgstr "Gi gren nytt navn"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:26
+msgid "Rename"
+msgstr "Endre navn"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:36
+msgid "Branch:"
+msgstr "Gren:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:39
+msgid "New Name:"
+msgstr "Nytt navn:"
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:75
+msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
+msgstr "Vennligst velg grenen du vil endre navn på."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Grenen '%s' eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:117
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to rename '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke endre navnet '%s'."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:17
+msgid "Starting..."
+msgstr "Starter..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:26
+msgid "File Browser"
+msgstr "Utforsker"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:126 lib/browser.tcl:143
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading %s..."
+msgstr "Laster %s..."
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:187
+msgid "[Up To Parent]"
+msgstr "[Opp til forelder]"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:267 lib/browser.tcl:273
+msgid "Browse Branch Files"
+msgstr "Bla igjennom grenens filer"
+
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
+msgid "Browse"
+msgstr "Bla igjennom"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
+msgstr "Henter %s fra %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
+msgstr "kritisk: Kan ikke åpne %s"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Lukk"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
+msgstr "Grenen '%s' eksisterer ikke."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke konfigurere forenklet git-pull for '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
+"\n"
+"It cannot fast-forward to %s.\n"
+"A merge is required."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen '%s' eksisterer allerede.\n"
+"\n"
+"Den kan ikke hurtigfremspoles til %s.\n"
+"En sammenslåing er påkrevd."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
+msgstr "Sammenslåingsstrategien '%s' er ikke støttet."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke oppdatere '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
+msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
+msgstr "Køområdet (index) er allerede låst."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before the current branch can be changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
+msgstr "Oppdaterer arbeidskatalogen til '%s'..."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
+msgid "files checked out"
+msgstr "filer sjekket ut"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
+msgstr "Avbrøt utsjekkingen av '%s' (sammenslåing på filnivå kreves)."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
+msgid "File level merge required."
+msgstr "Sammenslåing på filnivå kreves"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
+msgstr "Blir stående på grenen '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
+msgid ""
+"You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to be on a branch, create one now starting from 'This Detached "
+"Checkout'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Checked out '%s'."
+msgstr "Sjekket ut '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
+msgstr ""
+"Tilbakestilling av '%s' til '%s' vil medføre tap av følgende innsjekkinger:"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
+msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
+msgstr ""
+"Det vil kanskje ikke være så enkelt å gjenopprette en tapt innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset '%s'?"
+msgstr "Tilbakestill '%s'?"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
+msgid "Visualize"
+msgstr "Visualiser"
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to set current branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"This working directory is only partially switched.  We successfully updated "
+"your files, but failed to update an internal Git file.\n"
+"\n"
+"This should not have occurred.  %s will now close and give up."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:39
+msgid "Select"
+msgstr "Velg"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:53
+msgid "Font Family"
+msgstr "Skrifttype-familie"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:74
+msgid "Font Size"
+msgstr "Skriftstørrelse"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:91
+msgid "Font Example"
+msgstr "Skrifteksempel"
+
+#: lib/choose_font.tcl:103
+msgid ""
+"This is example text.\n"
+"If you like this text, it can be your font."
+msgstr ""
+"Dette er en eksempeltekst.\n"
+"Hvis du liker hvordan teksten ser ut, kan du velge dette som din skrifttype."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
+msgid "Git Gui"
+msgstr "Git Gui"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
+msgid "Create New Repository"
+msgstr "Opprett nytt arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
+msgid "New..."
+msgstr "Ny..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
+msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Klon eksistererende arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
+msgid "Clone..."
+msgstr "Klon..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
+msgid "Open Existing Repository"
+msgstr "Ã…pne eksistererende arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
+msgid "Open..."
+msgstr "Ã…pne..."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+msgid "Recent Repositories"
+msgstr "Nylig brukte arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
+msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
+msgstr "Ã…pne nylig brukt arkiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke opprette arkivet %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
+msgid "Directory:"
+msgstr "Mappe:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
+msgid "Git Repository"
+msgstr "Git arkiv"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Directory %s already exists."
+msgstr "Mappen %s eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s already exists."
+msgstr "Filen %s eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+msgid "Clone"
+msgstr "Klon"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "Kildeplassering:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Destinasjonsmappe:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
+msgid "Clone Type:"
+msgstr "Klontype:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
+msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
+msgstr "Standard (rask, delvis redundant, hardlinker)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
+msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
+msgstr "Full kopi (tregere, redundant sikkerhetskopi)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
+msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
+msgstr "Delt (raskest, ikke anbefalt, ingen sikkerhetskopiering)"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
+msgstr "Ikke et Git-arkiv: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
+msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Standard er kun tilgjengelig for lokalt arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
+msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
+msgstr "Delt er kun tilgjengelig for lokalt arkiv."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Location %s already exists."
+msgstr "Stedet %s eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
+msgid "Failed to configure origin"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke konfigurere kildeoppføring"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
+msgid "Counting objects"
+msgstr "Teller objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
+msgid "buckets"
+msgstr "bøtter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke kopiere objekter/informasjon/alternativt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
+msgstr "Ingenting å klone fra %s."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
+msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
+msgstr "Grenen 'master' har ikke blitt initsialisert."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
+msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
+msgstr "Harde linker er utilgjengelig. GÃ¥r tilbake til kopiering."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cloning from %s"
+msgstr "Kloner fra %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
+msgid "Copying objects"
+msgstr "Kopierer objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
+msgid "KiB"
+msgstr "kB"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke kopiere objekt: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
+msgid "Linking objects"
+msgstr "Lenker objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
+msgid "objects"
+msgstr "objekter"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke opprette hardlink med objektet: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
+msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke hente grener og objekter. Se utdata i konsoll for detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
+msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke hente tagger. Se utdata i konsoll for detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
+msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
+msgstr "Kan ikke bestemme HEAD. Se utdata i konsoll for detaljer."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke rydde opp %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+msgid "Clone failed."
+msgstr "Kloning feilet."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
+msgid "No default branch obtained."
+msgstr "Ingen standardgren hentet."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
+msgstr "Kan ikke finne %s som en innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
+msgid "Creating working directory"
+msgstr "Oppretter arbeidskatalog"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
+msgid "files"
+msgstr "filer"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
+msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
+msgstr "Initsialiserende utsjekking feilet."
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
+msgid "Open"
+msgstr "Ã…pne"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
+msgid "Repository:"
+msgstr "Arkiv:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke åpne arkivet %s:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:53
+msgid "This Detached Checkout"
+msgstr "Denne frakoblede utsjekkingen"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:60
+msgid "Revision Expression:"
+msgstr "Revisjonsuttrykk:"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:74
+msgid "Local Branch"
+msgstr "Lokal gren"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:79
+msgid "Tracking Branch"
+msgstr "Sporet gren"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Tag"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid revision: %s"
+msgstr "Ugyldig revisjon: %s"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:338
+msgid "No revision selected."
+msgstr "Ingen revisjoner valgt."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:346
+msgid "Revision expression is empty."
+msgstr "Revisjonsuttrykk er tomt."
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:531
+msgid "Updated"
+msgstr "Oppdatert"
+
+#: lib/choose_rev.tcl:559
+msgid "URL"
+msgstr "URL"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:9
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing to amend.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are about to create the initial commit.  There is no commit before this "
+"to amend.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Det er ingenting å legge til.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du er i ferd med å lage den initsialiserende revisjonen. Det er ingen "
+"tidligere revisjoner å tilføye.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:18
+msgid ""
+"Cannot amend while merging.\n"
+"\n"
+"You are currently in the middle of a merge that has not been fully "
+"completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
+"current merge activity.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan ikke tilføye under sammenslåing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du er for øyeblikket under en pågående sammenslåing som ikke er fullført. Du "
+"kan ikke tilføye en tidligere revisjon med mindre du først avbryter denne "
+"sammenslåingen.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
+msgstr "Feil ved innhenting av revisjonsdata for tilføying:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke avgjøre din identitet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+msgstr "Ugyldig GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before another commit can be created.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
+"before committing.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s cannot be committed by this program.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ukjent filstatus %s er funnet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Filen %s kan ikke sjekkes inn av dette programmet.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must stage at least 1 file before you can commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen endringer å sjekke inn.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du må køe minst en fil før du kan sjekke inn noe.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+msgid ""
+"Please supply a commit message.\n"
+"\n"
+"A good commit message has the following format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- First line: Describe in one sentence what you did.\n"
+"- Second line: Blank\n"
+"- Remaining lines: Describe why this change is good.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vennligst angi en revisjonsmelding.\n"
+"\n"
+"En god melding har følgende format:\n"
+"\n"
+"- Første linje: En beskrivelse av hva du har gjort i én setning.\n"
+"- Andre linje: Blank\n"
+"- Resterende linjer: Forklar hvorfor denne endringen er bra.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
+msgstr "advarsel: Tcl støtter ikke denne tegnkodingen '%s'."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+msgid "Committing changes..."
+msgstr "Sjekker inn endringer..."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+msgid "write-tree failed:"
+msgstr "Skriving til tre feilet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+msgid "Commit failed."
+msgstr "Innsjekking feilet."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
+msgstr "Revisjon %s ser ut til å være korrupt"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+msgid ""
+"No changes to commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"No files were modified by this commit and it was not a merge commit.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen endringer til innsjekking.\n"
+"\n"
+"Ingen filer ble endret av denne revisjonen, og det var ikke en revisjon fra "
+"en sammenslåing.\n"
+"\n"
+"Et nytt søk vil bli startet automatisk.\n"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+msgid "No changes to commit."
+msgstr "Ingen endringer til innsekking."
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+msgid "commit-tree failed:"
+msgstr "commit-tree feilet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+msgid "update-ref failed:"
+msgstr "update-ref feilet:"
+
+#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
+msgstr "Opprettet innsjekking %s: %s"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:59
+msgid "Working... please wait..."
+msgstr "Jobber... Vennligst vent..."
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:186
+msgid "Success"
+msgstr "Suksess"
+
+#: lib/console.tcl:200
+msgid "Error: Command Failed"
+msgstr "Feil: Kommandoen feilet"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:43
+msgid "Number of loose objects"
+msgstr "Antall løse objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:44
+msgid "Disk space used by loose objects"
+msgstr "Diskplass brukt av løse objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:45
+msgid "Number of packed objects"
+msgstr "Antall pakkede objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:46
+msgid "Number of packs"
+msgstr "Antall pakker"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:47
+msgid "Disk space used by packed objects"
+msgstr "Diskplass brukt av pakkede objekter"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:48
+msgid "Packed objects waiting for pruning"
+msgstr "Pakkede objekter som avventer fjerning"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:49
+msgid "Garbage files"
+msgstr "Avfallsfiler"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:72
+msgid "Compressing the object database"
+msgstr "Komprimerer objektdatabasen"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:83
+msgid "Verifying the object database with fsck-objects"
+msgstr "Verifiserer objektdatabasen med fsck-objects"
+
+#: lib/database.tcl:108
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"This repository currently has approximately %i loose objects.\n"
+"\n"
+"To maintain optimal performance it is strongly recommended that you compress "
+"the database when more than %i loose objects exist.\n"
+"\n"
+"Compress the database now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Dette arkivet inneholder omtrent %i 'løse' objekter.\n"
+"\n"
+"For å sikre en optimal ytelse er det sterkt anbefalt at du komprimerer "
+"databasen når det er flere enn %i 'løse' objekter i den.\n"
+"\n"
+"Komprimere databasen nå?"
+
+#: lib/date.tcl:25
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
+msgstr "Ugyldig dato fra Git: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"No differences detected.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s has no changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"The modification date of this file was updated by another application, but "
+"the content within the file was not changed.\n"
+"\n"
+"A rescan will be automatically started to find other files which may have "
+"the same state."
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen forandringer funnet.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s har ingen endringer.\n"
+"\n"
+"Tidsstempelet for endring på denne filen ble oppdatert av en annen "
+" applikasjon, men innholdet er uendret.\n"
+"\n"
+"En gjennomsøking vil nå starte automatisk for å se om andre filer har "
+"status."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
+msgstr "Laster inn forskjellene av %s..."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "LOKAL: slettet\n"
+"FJERN:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "FJERN: slettet\n"
+"LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "LOKAL:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "FJERN:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unable to display %s"
+msgstr "Kan ikke vise %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
+msgid "Error loading file:"
+msgstr "Feil ved lesing av fil: %s"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
+msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
+msgstr "Git-arkiv (underprosjekt)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
+msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
+msgstr "* Binærfil (viser ikke innhold)"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Usporet fil er %d bytes.\n"
+"* Viser bare %d første bytes.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* Usporede filer klippet her av %s.\n"
+"* For å se hele filen, bruk et eksternt redigeringsverktøy.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke fjerne den valgte delen fra innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
+msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke legge til den valgte delen i innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke fjerne den valgte linjen fra innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke legge til den valgte linjen i innsjekkingskøen."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "Standard"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Systemets (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Andre"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
+msgid "error"
+msgstr "feil"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:36
+msgid "warning"
+msgstr "advarsel"
+
+#: lib/error.tcl:94
+msgid "You must correct the above errors before committing."
+msgstr "Du må rette de ovenstående feilene før innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:6
+msgid "Unable to unlock the index."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke låse opp indexen."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:15
+msgid "Index Error"
+msgstr "Feil på index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:21
+msgid ""
+"Updating the Git index failed.  A rescan will be automatically started to "
+"resynchronize git-gui."
+msgstr ""
+"Oppdatering av Git's index mislyktes. Et nytt søk vil bli startet for å "
+"resynkronisere git-gui."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:27
+msgid "Continue"
+msgstr "Fortsett"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:31
+msgid "Unlock Index"
+msgstr "LÃ¥s opp index"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
+msgstr "Fjerner %s fra innsjekkingskøen"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
+msgid "Ready to commit."
+msgstr "Klar til innsjekking."
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Legger til %s"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
+msgstr "Reverter endringene i filen %s?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
+msgstr "Reverter endringene i disse %i filene?"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
+msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
+msgstr "Endringer som ikke ligger i innsjekkingskøen vil bli tapt av denne "
+"reverteringen"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
+msgid "Do Nothing"
+msgstr "Ikke gjør noe"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Reverterer valgte filer"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Reverterer %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:13
+msgid ""
+"Cannot merge while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke slå sammen under utvidelse.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du må først fullføre utvidelsen av denne revisjonen før du kan starte en "
+"sammenslåing.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:27
+msgid ""
+"Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
+"\n"
+"Another Git program has modified this repository since the last scan.  A "
+"rescan must be performed before a merge can be performed.\n"
+"\n"
+"The rescan will be automatically started now.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s has merge conflicts.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
+"merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"You are in the middle of a change.\n"
+"\n"
+"File %s is modified.\n"
+"\n"
+"You should complete the current commit before starting a merge.  Doing so "
+"will help you abort a failed merge, should the need arise.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s of %s"
+msgstr "%s av %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
+msgstr "Slår sammen %s og %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
+msgid "Merge completed successfully."
+msgstr "Vellykket sammenslåing fullført."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
+msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
+msgstr "Sammenslåing feilet. Håndtering av konflikten kreves."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Merge Into %s"
+msgstr "Slå sammen inn i %s"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
+msgid "Revision To Merge"
+msgstr "Revisjon til sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
+msgid ""
+"Cannot abort while amending.\n"
+"\n"
+"You must finish amending this commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan ikke avbryte under utvidelse av revisjon.\n"
+"\n"
+"Du må fullføre utvidelsen av denne revisjonen.\n"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
+msgid ""
+"Abort merge?\n"
+"\n"
+"Aborting the current merge will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with aborting the current merge?"
+msgstr ""
+"Avbryt sammenslåing?\n"
+"\n"
+"Avbryting av pågående sammenslåing vil føre til at *alle* endringer som ikke "
+" er sjekket inn, vil gå tapt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Fortsette med å avbryte den pågående sammenslåingen?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
+msgid ""
+"Reset changes?\n"
+"\n"
+"Resetting the changes will cause *ALL* uncommitted changes to be lost.\n"
+"\n"
+"Continue with resetting the current changes?"
+msgstr ""
+"Nullstill endringer?\n"
+"\n"
+"Nullstilling av endringer vil føre til at *alle* endringer som ikke er "
+"sjekket inn går tapt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Fortsette med nullstilling av endringer?"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "Aborting"
+msgstr "Avbryter"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
+msgid "files reset"
+msgstr "filer tilbakestilt"
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+msgid "Abort failed."
+msgstr "Avbryting feilet."
+
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
+msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
+msgstr "Avbryting fullført. Klar."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "Tving håndtering til opprinnelig versjon?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "Tving håndtering i denne grenen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "Tving håndtering i den andre grenen?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Merk deg at endringsvisningen kun viser motstridende endringer.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s vil bli overskrevet.\n"
+"\n"
+"Denne operasjonen kan kun bli angret ved å starte sammenslåingen på ny."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr "Filen %s ser ut til å ha uløste konflikter, skal filen likevel køes?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Legger til løsninge på konflikt for %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Konfliktfil eksisterer ikke"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke hente versjoner:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
+msgid "Restore Defaults"
+msgstr "Gjennopprett standardverdier"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
+msgid "Save"
+msgstr "Lagre"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s Repository"
+msgstr "%s arkiv"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
+msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
+msgstr "Globalt (alle arkiv)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
+msgid "User Name"
+msgstr "Navn"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
+msgid "Email Address"
+msgstr "Epost-adresse"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
+msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
+msgstr "Oppsummer innsjekkinger fra sammenslåinger"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
+msgid "Merge Verbosity"
+msgstr "Detaljenivå på sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
+msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
+msgstr "Vis endringsstatistikk etter sammenslåing"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Bruk sammenslåingsverktøy"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
+msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
+msgstr "Stol på filers tid for endring"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
+msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
+msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
+msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
+msgstr "Antall linjer sammenhengende endringer"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
+msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
+msgstr "Tekstbredde for vindu til innsjekkingsmeldinger"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
+msgid "New Branch Name Template"
+msgstr "Mal for navn på nye grener"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Standard tekstenkoding for innhold i filer"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Endre"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
+msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
+msgstr "Stavebokordlister:"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
+msgid "Change Font"
+msgstr "Endre skrifttype"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Choose %s"
+msgstr "Velg %s"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
+msgid "pt."
+msgstr "pt."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "Egenskaper"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
+msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
+msgstr "Kunne ikke lagre alternativ:"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Fjern fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Fjern fra"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Hent fra"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Send til"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Legg til fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Legg til nytt fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr "Legg til"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Detaljer for fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Lokasjon:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Videre handling"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Hent umiddelbart"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Initsialiser og send til fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Ikke gjør mer nå"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Vennligst angi et navn for fjernarkivet."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "'%s' er ikke et tillatt navn for et fjernarkiv."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunne ikke legge til fjernarkivet '%s' på '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "hent %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Henter %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "Vet ikke hvordan arkiv på '%s' skal opprettes."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "send %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "Initsialiserer %s (på %s)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Fjern gren fra fjernarkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
+msgid "From Repository"
+msgstr "Fra arkiv"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+msgid "Remote:"
+msgstr "Fjernarkiv:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Vilkårlig lokasjon:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
+msgid "Branches"
+msgstr "Grener"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:109
+msgid "Delete Only If"
+msgstr "Slett kun hvis"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
+msgid "Merged Into:"
+msgstr "Slått sammen i:"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
+msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
+msgstr "Alltid (Ikke utfør sammenslåingskontroll)"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
+msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
+msgstr "En gren kreves for 'sammenslåing i'."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The following branches are not completely merged into %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Følgende grener er ikke fullestendig sammenslått med %s:\n"
+"\n"
+" - %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
+"necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
+msgstr ""
+"En eller flere av testene som blir kjørt under sammenslåing feilet fordi du"
+"ikke har hentet inn de nødvendige innsjekkingene. Prøv å hent disse fra %s"
+"først"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
+msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
+msgstr "Velg en eller flere grener som skal fjernes."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:216
+msgid ""
+"Recovering deleted branches is difficult.\n"
+"\n"
+"Delete the selected branches?"
+msgstr ""
+"Gjenoppretting av fjernede grener er vanskelig.\n"
+"\n"
+"Fjern den merkede grenen?"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:226
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Deleting branches from %s"
+msgstr "Fjerner grenene fra %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:286
+msgid "No repository selected."
+msgstr "Ingen arkiv valgt."
+
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:291
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Scanning %s..."
+msgstr "Søker %s..."
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Finn:"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Neste"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Forrige"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Skiller på store og små bokstaver"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
+msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke opprette snarvei:"
+
+#: lib/shortcut.tcl:136
+msgid "Cannot write icon:"
+msgstr "Kan ikke opprette ikon:"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:57
+msgid "Unsupported spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavekontrolleren er ikke støttet"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:65
+msgid "Spell checking is unavailable"
+msgstr "Stavekontroll er ikke tilgjengelig"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:68
+msgid "Invalid spell checking configuration"
+msgstr "Ugyldig stavekontroll-konfigurasjon"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:70
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting dictionary to %s."
+msgstr "Reverterer ordbok til %s."
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:73
+msgid "Spell checker silently failed on startup"
+msgstr "Stavekontrollen feilet stille under oppstart"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:80
+msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
+msgstr "Stavekontrolleren er ukjent"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
+msgid "No Suggestions"
+msgstr "Ingen forslag"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
+msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
+msgstr "Uventet slutt på filen fra stavekontrollen"
+
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
+msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
+msgstr "Stavekontroll mislyktes"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Ingen nøkler funnet."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Funnet en offentlig nøkkel i: %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Generer nøkkel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Kopier til utklippstavlen"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Din offentlige OpenSSH-nøkkel"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Genererer..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke starte ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Generering feilet."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Generering vellykket, men ingen nøkler er funnet."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Nøkkelen din ligger i: %s"
+
+#: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+msgstr "%s ... %*i av %*i %s (%3i%%)"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Å kjøre %s krever at en fil er valgt"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Er du sikker på at du vil kjøre %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "Verktøy: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Kjører: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Verktøyet ble fullført med suksess: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Verktøy feilet: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Legg til verktøy"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "Legg til ny verktøykommando"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Legg til globalt"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Verktøydetaljer"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "Bruk '/'-separator for å lage undermenyer:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Kommando:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Vis en dialog før start"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Spør brukeren om å velge en revisjon (setter $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Spør brukeren for ytterligere paramtere (setter $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "Ikke vis kommandoens utdata i vinduet"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Kjør kun om forskjellene er markert ($FILENAME er ikke tom)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Vennligst angi et navn for dette verktøyet."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Verktøyet '%s' eksisterer allerede."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunne ikke legge til verktøyet:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Fjern verktøyet"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Fjern verktøyskommandoen"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Fjern"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Blue angir lokale verktøy til arkivet)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Kjør kommando: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "Argumenter"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:7
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching new changes from %s"
+msgstr "Henter nye endringer fra %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:18
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "remote prune %s"
+msgstr "slett fjernarkiv %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
+msgstr "Fjrner sporing av grener slettet fra %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:26
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
+msgstr "Sender endringer til %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
+msgstr "Sender %s %s til %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+msgid "Push Branches"
+msgstr "Send grener"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+msgid "Source Branches"
+msgstr "Kildegrener"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+msgid "Destination Repository"
+msgstr "Destinasjonsarkiv"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+msgid "Transfer Options"
+msgstr "Overføringsalternativer"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
+msgstr "Tving overskrivning av eksisterende gren (kan forkaste endringer)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
+msgstr "Bruk tynne pakker (for tregere nettverkstilkoblinger)"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+msgid "Include tags"
+msgstr "Inkluder tagger"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ru.po b/git-gui/po/ru.po
index db55b3e0a..364c074c5 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/ru.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/ru.po
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-03-14 07:18+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2007-10-22 22:30-0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Russian Translation <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
@@ -15,33 +15,33 @@ msgstr ""
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:634 git-gui.sh:648 git-gui.sh:661 git-gui.sh:744
-#: git-gui.sh:763
+#: git-gui.sh:41 git-gui.sh:737 git-gui.sh:751 git-gui.sh:764 git-gui.sh:847
+#: git-gui.sh:866
 msgid "git-gui: fatal error"
 msgstr "git-gui: критиче�ка� ошибка"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:593
+#: git-gui.sh:689
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Invalid font specified in %s:"
 msgstr "В %s у�тановлен неверный шрифт:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:620
+#: git-gui.sh:723
 msgid "Main Font"
 msgstr "Шрифт интерфей�а"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:621
+#: git-gui.sh:724
 msgid "Diff/Console Font"
 msgstr "Шрифт кон�оли и изменений (diff)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:635
+#: git-gui.sh:738
 msgid "Cannot find git in PATH."
 msgstr "git не найден в PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:662
+#: git-gui.sh:765
 msgid "Cannot parse Git version string:"
 msgstr "�евозможно ра�познать �троку вер�ии Git: "
 
-#: git-gui.sh:680
+#: git-gui.sh:783
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Git version cannot be determined.\n"
@@ -53,384 +53,457 @@ msgid ""
 "Assume '%s' is version 1.5.0?\n"
 msgstr ""
 "�евозможно определить вер�ию Git\n"
+"\n"
 "%s указывает на вер�ию '%s'.\n"
 "\n"
 "дл� %s требует�� вер�и� Git, начина� � 1.5.0\n"
 "\n"
 "Прин�ть '%s' как вер�ию 1.5.0?\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:918
+#: git-gui.sh:1062
 msgid "Git directory not found:"
 msgstr "Каталог Git не найден:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:925
+#: git-gui.sh:1069
 msgid "Cannot move to top of working directory:"
 msgstr "�евозможно перейти к корню рабочего каталога репозитори�: "
 
-#: git-gui.sh:932
+#: git-gui.sh:1076
 msgid "Cannot use funny .git directory:"
-msgstr "Каталог.git и�порчен: "
+msgstr "Каталог .git и�порчен: "
 
-#: git-gui.sh:937
+#: git-gui.sh:1081
 msgid "No working directory"
 msgstr "От�ут�твует рабочий каталог"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1084 lib/checkout_op.tcl:283
+#: git-gui.sh:1247 lib/checkout_op.tcl:305
 msgid "Refreshing file status..."
 msgstr "Обновление информации о �о�то�нии файлов..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1149
+#: git-gui.sh:1303
 msgid "Scanning for modified files ..."
 msgstr "Пои�к измененных файлов..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1324 lib/browser.tcl:246
+#: git-gui.sh:1367
+msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
+msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� prepare-commit-msg..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1384
+msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
+msgstr ""
+"Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� prepare-commit-msg"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
 msgid "Ready."
 msgstr "Готово."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1590
+#: git-gui.sh:1726
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Displaying only %s of %s files."
+msgstr "Показано %s из %s файлов."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1819
 msgid "Unmodified"
 msgstr "�е изменено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1592
+#: git-gui.sh:1821
 msgid "Modified, not staged"
 msgstr "Изменено, не подготовлено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1593 git-gui.sh:1598
+#: git-gui.sh:1822 git-gui.sh:1830
 msgid "Staged for commit"
 msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1594 git-gui.sh:1599
+#: git-gui.sh:1823 git-gui.sh:1831
 msgid "Portions staged for commit"
 msgstr "Ча�ти, подготовленные дл� �охранени�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1595 git-gui.sh:1600
+#: git-gui.sh:1824 git-gui.sh:1832
 msgid "Staged for commit, missing"
 msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�, от�ут�твует"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1597
+#: git-gui.sh:1826
+msgid "File type changed, not staged"
+msgstr "Тип файла изменён, не подготовлено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1827
+msgid "File type changed, staged"
+msgstr "Тип файла изменён, подготовлено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:1829
 msgid "Untracked, not staged"
 msgstr "�е от�леживает��, не подготовлено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1602
+#: git-gui.sh:1834
 msgid "Missing"
 msgstr "От�ут�твует"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1603
+#: git-gui.sh:1835
 msgid "Staged for removal"
 msgstr "Подготовлено дл� удалени�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1604
+#: git-gui.sh:1836
 msgid "Staged for removal, still present"
 msgstr "Подготовлено дл� удалени�, еще не удалено"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1606 git-gui.sh:1607 git-gui.sh:1608 git-gui.sh:1609
+#: git-gui.sh:1838 git-gui.sh:1839 git-gui.sh:1840 git-gui.sh:1841
+#: git-gui.sh:1842 git-gui.sh:1843
 msgid "Requires merge resolution"
-msgstr "Требует�� разрешение конфликта при объединении"
+msgstr "Требует�� разрешение конфликта при �ли�нии"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1644
+#: git-gui.sh:1878
 msgid "Starting gitk... please wait..."
-msgstr "Запу�кает�� gitk... пожалуй�та, ждите..."
+msgstr "Запу�кает�� gitk... Подождите, пожалуй�та..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1653
-#, tcl-format
-msgid ""
-"Unable to start gitk:\n"
-"\n"
-"%s does not exist"
-msgstr ""
-"�е удало�ь запу�тить gitk:\n"
-"\n"
-"%s не �уще�твует"
+#: git-gui.sh:1887
+msgid "Couldn't find gitk in PATH"
+msgstr "gitk не найден в PATH."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1860 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
+#: git-gui.sh:2280 lib/choose_repository.tcl:36
 msgid "Repository"
 msgstr "Репозиторий"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1861
+#: git-gui.sh:2281
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Редактировать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1863 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
+#: git-gui.sh:2283 lib/choose_rev.tcl:561
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Ветвь"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1866 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
+#: git-gui.sh:2286 lib/choose_rev.tcl:548
 msgid "Commit@@noun"
 msgstr "Со�то�ние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1869 lib/merge.tcl:120 lib/merge.tcl:149 lib/merge.tcl:167
+#: git-gui.sh:2289 lib/merge.tcl:121 lib/merge.tcl:150 lib/merge.tcl:168
 msgid "Merge"
-msgstr "Объединить"
+msgstr "Сли�ние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1870 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
+#: git-gui.sh:2290 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
 msgid "Remote"
 msgstr "Внешние репозитории"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1879
+#: git-gui.sh:2293
+msgid "Tools"
+msgstr "В�помогательные операции"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2302
+msgid "Explore Working Copy"
+msgstr "Про�мотр рабочего каталога"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2307
 msgid "Browse Current Branch's Files"
 msgstr "Про�мотреть файлы текущей ветви"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1883
+#: git-gui.sh:2311
 msgid "Browse Branch Files..."
 msgstr "Показать файлы ветви..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1888
+#: git-gui.sh:2316
 msgid "Visualize Current Branch's History"
-msgstr "И�тори� текущей ветви нагл�дно"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию текущей ветви"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1892
+#: git-gui.sh:2320
 msgid "Visualize All Branch History"
-msgstr "И�тори� в�ех ветвей нагл�дно"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию в�ех ветвей"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1899
+#: git-gui.sh:2327
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Browse %s's Files"
 msgstr "Показать файлы ветви %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1901
+#: git-gui.sh:2329
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Visualize %s's History"
-msgstr "И�тори� ветви %s нагл�дно"
+msgstr "Показать и�торию ветви %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1906 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
+#: git-gui.sh:2334 lib/database.tcl:27 lib/database.tcl:67
 msgid "Database Statistics"
 msgstr "Стати�тика базы данных"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1909 lib/database.tcl:34
+#: git-gui.sh:2337 lib/database.tcl:34
 msgid "Compress Database"
 msgstr "Сжать базу данных"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1912
+#: git-gui.sh:2340
 msgid "Verify Database"
 msgstr "Проверить базу данных"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1919 git-gui.sh:1923 git-gui.sh:1927 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
+#: git-gui.sh:2347 git-gui.sh:2351 git-gui.sh:2355 lib/shortcut.tcl:7
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:39 lib/shortcut.tcl:71
 msgid "Create Desktop Icon"
 msgstr "Создать �рлык на рабочем �толе"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1932 lib/choose_repository.tcl:177 lib/choose_repository.tcl:185
+#: git-gui.sh:2363 lib/choose_repository.tcl:183 lib/choose_repository.tcl:191
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Выход"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1939
+#: git-gui.sh:2371
 msgid "Undo"
 msgstr "Отменить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1942
+#: git-gui.sh:2374
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "Повторить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1946 git-gui.sh:2443
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "Вырезать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1949 git-gui.sh:2446 git-gui.sh:2520 git-gui.sh:2614
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "Копировать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1952 git-gui.sh:2449
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "В�тавить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1955 git-gui.sh:2452 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "Удалить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1959 git-gui.sh:2456 git-gui.sh:2618 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "Выделить в�е"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1968
+#: git-gui.sh:2400
 msgid "Create..."
 msgstr "Создать..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1974
+#: git-gui.sh:2406
 msgid "Checkout..."
 msgstr "Перейти..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1980
+#: git-gui.sh:2412
 msgid "Rename..."
 msgstr "Переименовать..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1985 git-gui.sh:2085
+#: git-gui.sh:2417
 msgid "Delete..."
 msgstr "Удалить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:1990
+#: git-gui.sh:2422
 msgid "Reset..."
 msgstr "Сбро�ить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2002 git-gui.sh:2389
+#: git-gui.sh:2432
+msgid "Done"
+msgstr "Завершено"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2434
+msgid "Commit@@verb"
+msgstr "Сохранить"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr "�овое �о�то�ние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2010 git-gui.sh:2396
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "И�править по�леднее �о�то�ние"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2019 git-gui.sh:2356 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "Перечитать"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2025
+#: git-gui.sh:2467
 msgid "Stage To Commit"
 msgstr "Подготовить дл� �охранени�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2031
+#: git-gui.sh:2473
 msgid "Stage Changed Files To Commit"
 msgstr "Подготовить измененные файлы дл� �охранени�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2037
+#: git-gui.sh:2479
 msgid "Unstage From Commit"
 msgstr "Убрать из подготовленного"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2042 lib/index.tcl:395
+#: git-gui.sh:2484 lib/index.tcl:410
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "Отменить изменени�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2049 git-gui.sh:2368 git-gui.sh:2467
-msgid "Sign Off"
-msgstr "Подпи�ать"
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
+msgid "Show Less Context"
+msgstr "Меньше контек�та"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2053 git-gui.sh:2372
-msgid "Commit@@verb"
-msgstr "Сохранить"
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
+msgid "Show More Context"
+msgstr "Больше контек�та"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
+msgid "Sign Off"
+msgstr "В�тавить Signed-off-by"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2064
+#: git-gui.sh:2518
 msgid "Local Merge..."
-msgstr "Локальное объединение..."
+msgstr "Локальное �ли�ние..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2069
+#: git-gui.sh:2523
 msgid "Abort Merge..."
-msgstr "Прервать объединение..."
+msgstr "Прервать �ли�ние..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2535 git-gui.sh:2575
+msgid "Add..."
+msgstr "Добавить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2081
+#: git-gui.sh:2539
 msgid "Push..."
 msgstr "Отправить..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2092 lib/choose_repository.tcl:41
-msgid "Apple"
-msgstr ""
+#: git-gui.sh:2543
+msgid "Delete Branch..."
+msgstr "Удалить ветвь..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2095 git-gui.sh:2117 lib/about.tcl:14
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
+#: git-gui.sh:2553 git-gui.sh:2589 lib/about.tcl:14
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:44 lib/choose_repository.tcl:53
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "About %s"
 msgstr "О %s"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2099
+#: git-gui.sh:2557
 msgid "Preferences..."
 msgstr "�а�тройки..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2107 git-gui.sh:2639
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "�а�тройки..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47
+#: git-gui.sh:2576
+msgid "Remove..."
+msgstr "Удалить..."
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2585 lib/choose_repository.tcl:50
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Помощь"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2154
+#: git-gui.sh:2611
 msgid "Online Documentation"
 msgstr "Документаци� в интернете"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2238
+#: git-gui.sh:2614 lib/choose_repository.tcl:47 lib/choose_repository.tcl:56
+msgid "Show SSH Key"
+msgstr "Показать ключ SSH"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: %s: нет такого файла или каталога"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2271
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "Текуща� ветвь:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2292
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr "Подготовлено (будет �охранено)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2312
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "Изменено (не будет �охранено)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2362
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "Подготовить в�е"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2378 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "Отправить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2408
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к первому �о�то�нию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2409
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному �о�то�нию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2410
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному первоначальному �о�то�нию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2411
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному объединению:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к и�правленному �ли�нию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2412
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
-msgstr "Комментарий к объединению:"
+msgstr "Комментарий к �ли�нию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2413
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Комментарий к �о�то�нию:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2459 git-gui.sh:2622 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "Копировать в�е"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2483 lib/blame.tcl:107
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "Файл:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2589
-msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
-msgstr "Применить/Убрать изменение"
-
-#: git-gui.sh:2595
-msgid "Show Less Context"
-msgstr "Меньше контек�та"
-
-#: git-gui.sh:2602
-msgid "Show More Context"
-msgstr "Больше контек�та"
-
-#: git-gui.sh:2610
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "Обновить"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2631
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "Уменьшить размер шрифта"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2635
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "Увеличить размер шрифта"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2646
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
+msgid "Encoding"
+msgstr "Кодировка"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
+msgstr "Применить/Убрать изменение"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
+msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
+msgstr "Применить/Убрать �троку"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
+msgid "Run Merge Tool"
+msgstr "Запу�тить программу �ли�ни�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
+msgid "Use Remote Version"
+msgstr "Вз�ть внешнюю вер�ию"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
+msgid "Use Local Version"
+msgstr "Вз�ть локальную вер�ию"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
+msgid "Revert To Base"
+msgstr "Отменить изменени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "�е �охран�ть ча�ть"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2648
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
+msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
+msgstr "Убрать �троку из подготовленного"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "Подготовить ча�ть дл� �охранени�"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2667
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
+msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
+msgstr "Подготовить �троку дл� �охранени�"
+
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "Инициализаци�..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2762
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -447,7 +520,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "запущенными из %s\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2792
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -457,7 +530,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Это изве�тна� проблема � Tcl,\n"
 "ра�про�тран�емым Cygwin."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2797
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -478,64 +551,108 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "git-gui - a graphical user interface for Git."
 msgstr "git-gui - графиче�кий пользователь�кий интерфей� к Git."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:77
+#: lib/blame.tcl:72
 msgid "File Viewer"
 msgstr "Про�мотр файла"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:81
+#: lib/blame.tcl:78
 msgid "Commit:"
 msgstr "Сохраненное �о�то�ние:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:264
+#: lib/blame.tcl:271
 msgid "Copy Commit"
 msgstr "Скопировать SHA-1"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:384
+#: lib/blame.tcl:275
+msgid "Find Text..."
+msgstr "�айти тек�т..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:284
+msgid "Do Full Copy Detection"
+msgstr "Прове�ти полный пои�к копий"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:288
+msgid "Show History Context"
+msgstr "Показать и�ториче�кий контек�т"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:291
+msgid "Blame Parent Commit"
+msgstr "Ра��мотреть �о�то�ние предка"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:450
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reading %s..."
 msgstr "Чтение %s..."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:488
+#: lib/blame.tcl:557
 msgid "Loading copy/move tracking annotations..."
 msgstr "Загрузка аннотации копирований/переименований..."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:508
+#: lib/blame.tcl:577
 msgid "lines annotated"
 msgstr "�трок прокомментировано"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:689
+#: lib/blame.tcl:769
 msgid "Loading original location annotations..."
 msgstr "Загрузка аннотаций первоначального положени� объекта..."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:692
+#: lib/blame.tcl:772
 msgid "Annotation complete."
 msgstr "�ннотаци� завершена."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:746
+#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+msgid "Busy"
+msgstr "Зан�т"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:803
+msgid "Annotation process is already running."
+msgstr "�ннотаци� уже запущена"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:842
+msgid "Running thorough copy detection..."
+msgstr "Выполнение полного пои�ка копий..."
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:910
 msgid "Loading annotation..."
 msgstr "Загрузка аннотации..."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:802
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "�втор:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:806
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Сохранил:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:811
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
 msgid "Original File:"
 msgstr "И�ходный файл:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:925
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
+msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
+msgstr "�евозможно найти текущее �о�то�ние:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
+msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
+msgstr "�евозможно найти �о�то�ние предка:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
+msgid "Unable to display parent"
+msgstr "�е могу показать предка"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
+msgid "Error loading diff:"
+msgstr "Ошибка загрузки изменений:"
+
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
 msgid "Originally By:"
 msgstr "И�точник:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:931
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
 msgid "In File:"
 msgstr "Файл:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:936
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
 msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
 msgstr "Скопировано/перемещено в:"
 
@@ -549,16 +666,18 @@ msgstr "Перейти"
 
 #: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:27 lib/branch_create.tcl:35
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:32 lib/branch_rename.tcl:30 lib/browser.tcl:282
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:171
-#: lib/option.tcl:103 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42 lib/transport.tcl:97
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
+#: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
 msgid "Cancel"
-msgstr "Отменить"
+msgstr "Отмена"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:32 lib/browser.tcl:287 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:328
 msgid "Revision"
 msgstr "Вер�и�"
 
-#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:242
+#: lib/branch_checkout.tcl:36 lib/branch_create.tcl:69 lib/option.tcl:280
 msgid "Options"
 msgstr "�а�тройки"
 
@@ -578,7 +697,7 @@ msgstr "Создание ветви"
 msgid "Create New Branch"
 msgstr "Создать новую ветвь"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:371
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:31 lib/choose_repository.tcl:377
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Создать"
 
@@ -586,7 +705,7 @@ msgstr "Создать"
 msgid "Branch Name"
 msgstr "�азвание ветви"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:43 lib/remote_add.tcl:39 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:50
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "�азвание:"
 
@@ -610,7 +729,7 @@ msgstr "�ет"
 msgid "Fast Forward Only"
 msgstr "Только Fast Forward"
 
-#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:514
+#: lib/branch_create.tcl:85 lib/checkout_op.tcl:536
 msgid "Reset"
 msgstr "Сбро�"
 
@@ -650,26 +769,16 @@ msgstr "Локальные ветви"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:52
 msgid "Delete Only If Merged Into"
-msgstr "Удалить только в �лучае, е�ли было объединение �"
+msgstr "Удалить только в �лучае, е�ли было �ли�ние �"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:54
 msgid "Always (Do not perform merge test.)"
-msgstr "В�егда (не выполн�ть проверку на объединение)"
+msgstr "В�егда (не выполн�ть проверку на �ли�ние)"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:103
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
-msgstr "Следующие ветви объединены � %s не полно�тью:"
-
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Во��танавливать удаленные ветви �ложно. \n"
-"\n"
-" Удалить выбранные ветви?"
+msgstr "Ветви, которые не полно�тью �ливают�� � %s:"
 
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
@@ -700,7 +809,7 @@ msgstr "�овое название:"
 msgid "Please select a branch to rename."
 msgstr "Укажите ветвь дл� переименовани�."
 
-#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:179
+#: lib/branch_rename.tcl:96 lib/checkout_op.tcl:201
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует."
@@ -731,32 +840,38 @@ msgstr "[�а уровень выше]"
 msgid "Browse Branch Files"
 msgstr "Показать файлы ветви"
 
-#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:474 lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:987
+#: lib/browser.tcl:278 lib/choose_repository.tcl:394
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:480 lib/choose_repository.tcl:491
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:995
 msgid "Browse"
 msgstr "Показать"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:79
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:84
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Fetching %s from %s"
 msgstr "Получение %s из %s "
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:127
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:132
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: Cannot resolve %s"
 msgstr "критиче�ка� ошибка: невозможно разрешить %s"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:140 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:145 lib/console.tcl:81 lib/database.tcl:31
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:53
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Закрыть"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:169
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:174
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' does not exist."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' не �уще�твует "
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:206
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:193
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to configure simplified git-pull for '%s'."
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� упрощённой конфигурации git pull дл� '%s'."
+
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:228
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Branch '%s' already exists.\n"
@@ -767,23 +882,23 @@ msgstr ""
 "Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует.\n"
 "\n"
 "Она не может быть прокручена(fast-forward) к %s.\n"
-"Требует�� объединение."
+"Требует�� �ли�ние."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:220
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:242
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Merge strategy '%s' not supported."
-msgstr "Стратеги� объединени� '%s' не поддерживает��."
+msgstr "�еизве�тна� �тратеги� �ли�ни�: '%s'."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:239
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:261
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to update '%s'."
 msgstr "�е удало�ь обновить '%s'."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:251
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:273
 msgid "Staging area (index) is already locked."
 msgstr "Рабоча� обла�ть заблокирована другим проце��ом."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:266
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:288
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -799,30 +914,30 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:322
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:344
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Updating working directory to '%s'..."
 msgstr "Обновление рабочего каталога из '%s'..."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:323
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:345
 msgid "files checked out"
 msgstr "файлы извлечены"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:353
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:375
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Aborted checkout of '%s' (file level merging is required)."
-msgstr "Прерван переход на '%s' (требует�� объединение на уровне файлов)"
+msgstr "Прерван переход на '%s' (требует�� �ли�ние �одержани� файлов)"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:354
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:376
 msgid "File level merge required."
-msgstr "Требует�� объединение на уровне файлов."
+msgstr "Требует�� �ли�ние �одержани� файлов."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:358
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:380
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Staying on branch '%s'."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' о�тает�� текущей."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:429
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:451
 msgid ""
 "You are no longer on a local branch.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -834,30 +949,30 @@ msgstr ""
 "Е�ли вы хотите �нова вернуть�� к какой-нибудь ветви, �оздайте ее �ейча�, "
 "начина� � 'Текущего от�оединенного �о�то�ни�'."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:446 lib/checkout_op.tcl:450
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:468 lib/checkout_op.tcl:472
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Checked out '%s'."
 msgstr "Ветвь '%s' �делана текущей."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:478
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Resetting '%s' to '%s' will lose the following commits:"
 msgstr "Сбро� '%s' в '%s' приведет к потере �ледующих �охраненных �о�то�ний: "
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:500
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:522
 msgid "Recovering lost commits may not be easy."
 msgstr "Во��тановить потер�нные �охраненные �о�то�ни� будет �ложно."
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:505
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:527
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset '%s'?"
 msgstr "Сбро�ить '%s'?"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:510 lib/merge.tcl:163
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:532 lib/merge.tcl:164 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:343
 msgid "Visualize"
 msgstr "�агл�дно"
 
-#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:578
+#: lib/checkout_op.tcl:600
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Failed to set current branch.\n"
@@ -900,224 +1015,228 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: lib/choose_repository.tcl:28
 msgid "Git Gui"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Git Gui"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:81 lib/choose_repository.tcl:376
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87 lib/choose_repository.tcl:382
 msgid "Create New Repository"
 msgstr "Создать новый репозиторий"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:87
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:93
 msgid "New..."
 msgstr "�овый..."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:94 lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100 lib/choose_repository.tcl:465
 msgid "Clone Existing Repository"
 msgstr "Склонировать �уще�твующий репозиторий"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:100
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:106
 msgid "Clone..."
 msgstr "Склонировать..."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:107 lib/choose_repository.tcl:976
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113 lib/choose_repository.tcl:983
 msgid "Open Existing Repository"
 msgstr "Выбрать �уще�твующий репозиторий"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:113
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:119
 msgid "Open..."
 msgstr "Открыть..."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:126
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
 msgid "Recent Repositories"
 msgstr "�едавние репозитории"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:132
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:138
 msgid "Open Recent Repository:"
 msgstr "Открыть по�ледний репозиторий"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:296 lib/choose_repository.tcl:303
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:310
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:302 lib/choose_repository.tcl:309
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:316
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to create repository %s:"
 msgstr "�е удало�ь �оздать репозиторий %s:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:381 lib/choose_repository.tcl:478
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:387
 msgid "Directory:"
 msgstr "Каталог:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:412 lib/choose_repository.tcl:537
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1011
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:417 lib/choose_repository.tcl:544
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017
 msgid "Git Repository"
 msgstr "Репозиторий"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:437
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:442
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Directory %s already exists."
 msgstr "Каталог '%s' уже �уще�твует."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:441
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:446
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "File %s already exists."
 msgstr "Файл '%s' уже �уще�твует."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:455
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:460
 msgid "Clone"
 msgstr "Склонировать"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:468
-msgid "URL:"
-msgstr "С�ылка:"
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:473
+msgid "Source Location:"
+msgstr "И�ходное положение:"
+
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:484
+msgid "Target Directory:"
+msgstr "Каталог назначени�:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:489
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:496
 msgid "Clone Type:"
 msgstr "Тип клона:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:495
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:502
 msgid "Standard (Fast, Semi-Redundant, Hardlinks)"
 msgstr "Стандартный (Бы�трый, полуизбыточный, \"же�ткие\" ��ылки)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:501
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:508
 msgid "Full Copy (Slower, Redundant Backup)"
 msgstr "Полна� копи� (Медленный, �оздает резервную копию)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:507
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:514
 msgid "Shared (Fastest, Not Recommended, No Backup)"
 msgstr "Общий (Самый бы�трый, не рекомендует��, без резервной копии)"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:543 lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:736 lib/choose_repository.tcl:806
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1017 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1025
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:550 lib/choose_repository.tcl:597
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:743 lib/choose_repository.tcl:813
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1023 lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Not a Git repository: %s"
 msgstr "Каталог не �вл�ет�� репозиторием: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:579
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:586
 msgid "Standard only available for local repository."
 msgstr "Стандартный клон возможен только дл� локального репозитори�."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:583
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:590
 msgid "Shared only available for local repository."
 msgstr "Общий клон возможен только дл� локального репозитори�."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:604
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:611
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Location %s already exists."
 msgstr "Путь '%s' уже �уще�твует."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:615
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:622
 msgid "Failed to configure origin"
 msgstr "�е могу �конфигурировать и�ходный репозиторий."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:627
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:634
 msgid "Counting objects"
 msgstr "Считаю объекты"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:628
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:635
 msgid "buckets"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:652
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:659
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy objects/info/alternates: %s"
 msgstr "�е могу �копировать objects/info/alternates: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:688
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:695
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Nothing to clone from %s."
 msgstr "�ечего клонировать � %s."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:690 lib/choose_repository.tcl:904
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:916
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:697 lib/choose_repository.tcl:911
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:923
 msgid "The 'master' branch has not been initialized."
 msgstr "�е инициализирована ветвь 'master'."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:703
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:710
 msgid "Hardlinks are unavailable.  Falling back to copying."
-msgstr "\"Же�ткие ��ылки\" не до�тупны. Буду и�пользовать копирование."
+msgstr "\"Же�ткие ��ылки\" недо�тупны. Будет и�пользовано копирование."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:715
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:722
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cloning from %s"
 msgstr "Клонирование %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:746
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:753
 msgid "Copying objects"
 msgstr "Копирование objects"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:747
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:754
 msgid "KiB"
 msgstr "КБ"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:771
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:778
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to copy object: %s"
 msgstr "�е могу �копировать объект: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:781
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:788
 msgid "Linking objects"
 msgstr "Создание ��ылок на objects"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:782
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:789
 msgid "objects"
 msgstr "объекты"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:790
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:797
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to hardlink object: %s"
 msgstr "�е могу \"же�тко �в�зать\" объект: %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:845
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:852
 msgid "Cannot fetch branches and objects.  See console output for details."
 msgstr ""
 "�е могу получить ветви и объекты. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:856
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:863
 msgid "Cannot fetch tags.  See console output for details."
 msgstr "�е могу получить метки. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:880
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:887
 msgid "Cannot determine HEAD.  See console output for details."
 msgstr "�е могу определить HEAD. Дополнительна� информаци� на кон�оли."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:889
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:896
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to cleanup %s"
 msgstr "�е могу очи�тить %s"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:895
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
 msgid "Clone failed."
 msgstr "Клонирование не удало�ь."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:902
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:909
 msgid "No default branch obtained."
 msgstr "�е было получено ветви по умолчанию."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:913
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:920
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot resolve %s as a commit."
 msgstr "�е могу ра�познать %s как �о�то�ние."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:925
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:932
 msgid "Creating working directory"
 msgstr "Создаю рабочий каталог"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:926 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:127
-#: lib/index.tcl:193
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:933 lib/index.tcl:65 lib/index.tcl:128
+#: lib/index.tcl:196
 msgid "files"
 msgstr "файлов"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:955
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:962
 msgid "Initial file checkout failed."
 msgstr "�е удало�ь получить начальное �о�то�ние файлов репозитори�."
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:971
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:978
 msgid "Open"
 msgstr "Открыть"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:981
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:988
 msgid "Repository:"
 msgstr "Репозиторий:"
 
-#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1031
+#: lib/choose_repository.tcl:1037
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to open repository %s:"
 msgstr "�е удало�ь открыть репозиторий %s:"
@@ -1140,7 +1259,7 @@ msgstr "Ветвь �лежени�"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:84 lib/choose_rev.tcl:538
 msgid "Tag"
-msgstr "Таг"
+msgstr "Метка"
 
 #: lib/choose_rev.tcl:317
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1182,24 +1301,24 @@ msgid ""
 "completed.  You cannot amend the prior commit unless you first abort the "
 "current merge activity.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"�евозможно и�править �о�то�ние во врем� объединени�.\n"
+"�евозможно и�править �о�то�ние во врем� операции �ли�ни�.\n"
 "\n"
-"Текущее объединение не завершено. �евозможно и�править предыдущее "
-"�охраненное �о�то�ние не прерыва� текущее объединение.\n"
+"Текущее �ли�ние не завершено. �евозможно и�править предыдущее �охраненное "
+"�о�то�ние, не прерыва� �ту операцию.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
 msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
 msgstr "Ошибка при загрузке данных дл� и�правлени� �охраненного �о�то�ни�:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
 msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
 msgstr "�евозможно получить информацию об автор�тве:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 msgstr "�еверный GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1215,7 +1334,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:154
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
@@ -1223,12 +1342,12 @@ msgid ""
 "File %s has merge conflicts.  You must resolve them and stage the file "
 "before committing.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"�ельз� �охранить необъединенные файлы.\n"
+"�ельз� �охранить файлы � незавершённой операцей �ли�ни�.\n"
 "\n"
-"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт объединени�. Разрешите конфликт и добавьте к "
+"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�. Разрешите конфликт и добавьте к "
 "подготовленным файлам перед �охранением.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:162
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
@@ -1239,7 +1358,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Файл %s не может быть �охранен данной программой.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:170
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1249,7 +1368,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Подготовьте хот� бы один файл до �оздани� �охраненного �о�то�ни�.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:183
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
 msgid ""
 "Please supply a commit message.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1267,45 +1386,45 @@ msgstr ""
 "- втора� �трока пу�та�\n"
 "- о�тавшие�� �троки: опишите, что дают ваши изменени�.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:207
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
 msgstr "предупреждение: Tcl не поддерживает кодировку '%s'."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:221
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
 msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� pre-commit..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:236
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
 msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� pre-commit"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:259
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr "Вызов программы поддержки репозитори� commit-msg..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:274
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
 msgstr "Сохранение прервано программой поддержки репозитори� commit-msg"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:287
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
 msgid "Committing changes..."
 msgstr "Сохранение изменений..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:303
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
 msgstr "Программа write-tree завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:304 lib/commit.tcl:348 lib/commit.tcl:368
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
 msgid "Commit failed."
 msgstr "Сохранить �о�то�ние не удало�ь."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:321
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
 msgstr "Со�то�ние %s выгл�дит поврежденным"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:326
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1315,23 +1434,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "От�ут�твуют изменени� дл� �охранени�.\n"
 "\n"
-"�и один файл не был изменен и не было объединени�.\n"
+"�и один файл не был изменен и не было �ли�ни�.\n"
 "\n"
 "Сейча� автоматиче�ки запу�тит�� перечитывание репозитори�.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:333
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
 msgid "No changes to commit."
 msgstr "Оту�твуют измени� дл� �охранени�."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:347
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
 msgstr "Программа commit-tree завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:367
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
 msgstr "Программа update-ref завершила�ь � ошибкой:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:454
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
 msgstr "Создано �о�то�ние %s: %s "
@@ -1406,7 +1525,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Invalid date from Git: %s"
 msgstr "�еправильна� дата в репозитории: %s"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:42
+#: lib/diff.tcl:59
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "No differences detected.\n"
@@ -1428,40 +1547,101 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Сейча� будет запущено перечитывание репозитори�, чтобы найти подобные файлы."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:81
+#: lib/diff.tcl:99
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Loading diff of %s..."
 msgstr "Загрузка изменений в %s..."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:114 lib/diff.tcl:184
+#: lib/diff.tcl:120
+msgid ""
+"LOCAL: deleted\n"
+"REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"ЛОК�ЛЬ�О: удалён\n"
+"В�ЕШ�ИЙ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:125
+msgid ""
+"REMOTE: deleted\n"
+"LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"В�ЕШ�ИЙ: удалён\n"
+"ЛОК�ЛЬ�О:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:132
+msgid "LOCAL:\n"
+msgstr "ЛОК�ЛЬ�О:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:135
+msgid "REMOTE:\n"
+msgstr "В�ЕШ�ИЙ:\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:197 lib/diff.tcl:296
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unable to display %s"
 msgstr "�е могу показать %s"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:115
+#: lib/diff.tcl:198
 msgid "Error loading file:"
 msgstr "Ошибка загрузки файла:"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:122
+#: lib/diff.tcl:205
 msgid "Git Repository (subproject)"
 msgstr "Репозиторий Git (подпроект)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:134
+#: lib/diff.tcl:217
 msgid "* Binary file (not showing content)."
 msgstr "* Двоичный файл (�одержимое не показано)"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:185
-msgid "Error loading diff:"
-msgstr "Ошибка загрузки diff:"
+#: lib/diff.tcl:222
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
+"* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Размер неподготовленого файла %d байт.\n"
+"* Показано первых %d байт.\n"
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:303
+#: lib/diff.tcl:228
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"* Untracked file clipped here by %s.\n"
+"* To see the entire file, use an external editor.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"* �еподготовленый файл обрезан: %s.\n"
+"* Чтобы увидеть ве�ь файл, и�пользуйте программу-редактор.\n"
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:436
 msgid "Failed to unstage selected hunk."
 msgstr "�е удало�ь и�ключить выбранную ча�ть."
 
-#: lib/diff.tcl:310
+#: lib/diff.tcl:443
 msgid "Failed to stage selected hunk."
 msgstr "�е удало�ь подготовить к �охранению выбранную ча�ть."
 
+#: lib/diff.tcl:509
+msgid "Failed to unstage selected line."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь и�ключить выбранную �троку."
+
+#: lib/diff.tcl:517
+msgid "Failed to stage selected line."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь подготовить к �охранению выбранную �троку."
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:443
+msgid "Default"
+msgstr "По умолчанию"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:448
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "System (%s)"
+msgstr "Си�темна� (%s)"
+
+#: lib/encoding.tcl:459 lib/encoding.tcl:465
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Друга�"
+
 #: lib/error.tcl:20 lib/error.tcl:114
 msgid "error"
 msgstr "ошибка"
@@ -1480,7 +1660,7 @@ msgstr "�е удало�ь разблокировать индек�"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:15
 msgid "Index Error"
-msgstr "Ошибка индек�а"
+msgstr "Ошибка в индек�е"
 
 #: lib/index.tcl:21
 msgid ""
@@ -1498,50 +1678,58 @@ msgstr "Продолжить"
 msgid "Unlock Index"
 msgstr "Разблокировать индек�"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:282
+#: lib/index.tcl:287
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Unstaging %s from commit"
 msgstr "Удаление %s из подготовленного"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:313
+#: lib/index.tcl:326
 msgid "Ready to commit."
 msgstr "Подготовлено дл� �охранени�"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:326
+#: lib/index.tcl:339
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Adding %s"
 msgstr "Добавление %s..."
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:381
+#: lib/index.tcl:396
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in file %s?"
 msgstr "Отменить изменени� в файле %s?"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:383
+#: lib/index.tcl:398
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revert changes in these %i files?"
 msgstr "Отменить изменени� в %i файле(-ах)?"
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:391
+#: lib/index.tcl:406
 msgid "Any unstaged changes will be permanently lost by the revert."
 msgstr ""
 "Любые изменени�, не подготовленные к �охранению, будут потер�ны при данной "
 "операции."
 
-#: lib/index.tcl:394
+#: lib/index.tcl:409
 msgid "Do Nothing"
 msgstr "�ичего не делать"
 
+#: lib/index.tcl:427
+msgid "Reverting selected files"
+msgstr "Удаление изменений в выбраных файлах"
+
+#: lib/index.tcl:431
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reverting %s"
+msgstr "Отмена изменений в %s"
+
 #: lib/merge.tcl:13
 msgid ""
 "Cannot merge while amending.\n"
 "\n"
 "You must finish amending this commit before starting any type of merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"�евозможно выполнить объединение во врем� и�правлени�.\n"
+"�евозможно выполнить �ли�ние во врем� и�правлени�.\n"
 "\n"
-"Завершите и�правление данного �о�то�ни� перед выполнением операции "
-"объединени�.\n"
+"Завершите и�правление данного �о�то�ни� перед выполнением операции �ли�ни�.\n"
 
 #: lib/merge.tcl:27
 msgid ""
@@ -1559,7 +1747,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Это будет �делано �ейча� автоматиче�ки.\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:44
+#: lib/merge.tcl:45
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "You are in the middle of a conflicted merge.\n"
@@ -1569,14 +1757,14 @@ msgid ""
 "You must resolve them, stage the file, and commit to complete the current "
 "merge.  Only then can you begin another merge.\n"
 msgstr ""
-"Предыдущее объединение не завершено из-за конфликта.\n"
+"Предыдущее �ли�ние не завершено из-за конфликта.\n"
 "\n"
-"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт объединени�.\n"
+"Дл� файла %s возник конфликт �ли�ни�.\n"
 "\n"
 "Разрешите конфликт, подготовьте файл и �охраните. Только по�ле �того можно "
-"начать �ледующее объединение.\n"
+"начать �ледующее �ли�ние.\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:54
+#: lib/merge.tcl:55
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "You are in the middle of a change.\n"
@@ -1590,36 +1778,37 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Файл %s изменен.\n"
 "\n"
-"Подготовьте и �охраните измени� перед началом объединени�. В �лучае "
-"необходимо�ти �то позволит прервать операцию объединени�.\n"
+"Подготовьте и �охраните измени� перед началом �ли�ни�. В �лучае "
+"необходимо�ти �то позволит прервать операцию �ли�ни�.\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:106
+#: lib/merge.tcl:107
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "%s of %s"
 msgstr "%s из %s"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:119
+#: lib/merge.tcl:120
+#, tcl-format
 msgid "Merging %s and %s..."
-msgstr "Объединение %s и %s..."
+msgstr "Сли�ние %s и %s..."
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:130
+#: lib/merge.tcl:131
 msgid "Merge completed successfully."
-msgstr "Объединение у�пешно завершено."
+msgstr "Сли�ние у�пешно завершено."
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:132
+#: lib/merge.tcl:133
 msgid "Merge failed.  Conflict resolution is required."
-msgstr "�е удало�ь завершить объединение. Требует�� разрешение конфликта."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь завершить �ли�ние. Требует�� разрешение конфликта."
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:157
+#: lib/merge.tcl:158
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Merge Into %s"
-msgstr "Объединить � %s"
+msgstr "Сли�ние � %s"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:176
+#: lib/merge.tcl:177
 msgid "Revision To Merge"
-msgstr "Вер�и� дл� объединени�"
+msgstr "Вер�и�, � которой прове�ти �ли�ние"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:211
+#: lib/merge.tcl:212
 msgid ""
 "Cannot abort while amending.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1629,7 +1818,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Завершите текущее и�правление �охраненного �о�то�ни�.\n"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:221
+#: lib/merge.tcl:222
 msgid ""
 "Abort merge?\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1637,13 +1826,13 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Continue with aborting the current merge?"
 msgstr ""
-"Прервать объединение?\n"
+"Прервать операцию �ли�ни�?\n"
 "\n"
-"Прерывание объединени� приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
+"Прерывание �той операции приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
 "\n"
 "Продолжить?"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:227
+#: lib/merge.tcl:228
 msgid ""
 "Reset changes?\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1651,130 +1840,346 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Continue with resetting the current changes?"
 msgstr ""
-"Прервать объединение?\n"
+"Прервать операцию �ли�ни�?\n"
 "\n"
-"Прерывание объединени� приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
+"Прерывание �той операции приведет к потере *ВСЕХ* не�охраненных изменений.\n"
 "\n"
 "Продолжить?"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
 msgid "Aborting"
 msgstr "Прерываю"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:238
+#: lib/merge.tcl:239
 msgid "files reset"
 msgstr "изменени� в файлах отменены"
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:265
+#: lib/merge.tcl:267
 msgid "Abort failed."
 msgstr "Прервать не удало�ь."
 
-#: lib/merge.tcl:267
+#: lib/merge.tcl:269
 msgid "Abort completed.  Ready."
 msgstr "Прервано."
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:95
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:8
+msgid "Force resolution to the base version?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать базовую вер�ию дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:9
+msgid "Force resolution to this branch?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию �той ветви дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:10
+msgid "Force resolution to the other branch?"
+msgstr "И�пользовать вер�ию другой ветви дл� разрешени� конфликта?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:14
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Note that the diff shows only conflicting changes.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s will be overwritten.\n"
+"\n"
+"This operation can be undone only by restarting the merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Внимание! Спи�ок изменений показывает только конфликтующие отличи�.\n"
+"\n"
+"%s будет перепи�ан.\n"
+"\n"
+"Это дей�твие можно отменить только перезапу�ком операции �ли�ни�."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:45
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "File %s seems to have unresolved conflicts, still stage?"
+msgstr ""
+"Файл %s кажет�� �одержит необработаные конфликты. Продолжить подготовку к "
+"�охранению?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:60
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Adding resolution for %s"
+msgstr "Добавл�ю результат разрешени� дл� %s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:141
+msgid "Cannot resolve deletion or link conflicts using a tool"
+msgstr ""
+"Программа �ли�ни� не обрабатывает конфликты � удалением или уча�тием ��ылок"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:146
+msgid "Conflict file does not exist"
+msgstr "Конфликтующий файл не �уще�твует"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:264
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Not a GUI merge tool: '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' не �вл�ет�� программой �ли�ни�"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:268
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Unsupported merge tool '%s'"
+msgstr "�еизве�тна� программа �ли�ни� '%s'"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:303
+msgid "Merge tool is already running, terminate it?"
+msgstr "Программа �ли�ни� уже работает. Прервать?"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:323
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Error retrieving versions:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка получени� вер�ий:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start the merge tool:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка запу�ка программы �ли�ни�:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:347
+msgid "Running merge tool..."
+msgstr "Запу�к программы �ли�ни�..."
+
+#: lib/mergetool.tcl:375 lib/mergetool.tcl:383
+msgid "Merge tool failed."
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы �ли�ни�."
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:11
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid global encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "Ошибка в глобальной у�тановке кодировки '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:19
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Invalid repo encoding '%s'"
+msgstr "�еверна� кодировка репозитори�: '%s'"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:117
 msgid "Restore Defaults"
 msgstr "Во��тановить на�тройки по умолчанию"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:99
+#: lib/option.tcl:121
 msgid "Save"
 msgstr "Сохранить"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:109
+#: lib/option.tcl:131
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "%s Repository"
-msgstr "дл� репозитори� %s"
+msgstr "Дл� репозитори� %s"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:110
+#: lib/option.tcl:132
 msgid "Global (All Repositories)"
 msgstr "Общие (дл� в�ех репозиториев)"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:116
+#: lib/option.tcl:138
 msgid "User Name"
 msgstr "Им� пользовател�"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:117
+#: lib/option.tcl:139
 msgid "Email Address"
 msgstr "�дре� �лектронной почты"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:119
+#: lib/option.tcl:141
 msgid "Summarize Merge Commits"
-msgstr "Суммарный комментарий при объединении"
+msgstr "Суммарный комментарий при �ли�нии"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:120
+#: lib/option.tcl:142
 msgid "Merge Verbosity"
-msgstr "Уровень детально�ти �ообщений при объединении"
+msgstr "Уровень детально�ти �ообщений при �ли�нии"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:121
+#: lib/option.tcl:143
 msgid "Show Diffstat After Merge"
-msgstr "Показать отчет об изменени�х по�ле объединени�"
+msgstr "Показать отчет об изменени�х по�ле �ли�ни�"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:123
+#: lib/option.tcl:144
+msgid "Use Merge Tool"
+msgstr "И�пользовать дл� �ли�ни� программу"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:146
 msgid "Trust File Modification Timestamps"
 msgstr "Довер�ть времени модификации файла"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:124
+#: lib/option.tcl:147
 msgid "Prune Tracking Branches During Fetch"
 msgstr "Чи�тка ветвей �лежени� при получении изменений"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:125
+#: lib/option.tcl:148
 msgid "Match Tracking Branches"
 msgstr "Им� новой ветви вз�ть из имен ветвей �лежени�"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:126
+#: lib/option.tcl:149
+msgid "Blame Copy Only On Changed Files"
+msgstr "Пои�к копий только в изменённых файлах"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:150
+msgid "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"
+msgstr "Минимальное количе�тво �имволов дл� пои�ка копий"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:151
+msgid "Blame History Context Radius (days)"
+msgstr "Радиу� и�ториче�кого контек�та (в дн�х)"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:152
 msgid "Number of Diff Context Lines"
 msgstr "Чи�ло �трок в контек�те diff"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:127
+#: lib/option.tcl:153
 msgid "Commit Message Text Width"
-msgstr "Ширина комментари� к �о�то�нию:"
+msgstr "Ширина тек�та комментари�"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:128
+#: lib/option.tcl:154
 msgid "New Branch Name Template"
 msgstr "Шаблон дл� имени новой ветви"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:192
+#: lib/option.tcl:155
+msgid "Default File Contents Encoding"
+msgstr "Кодировка �одержани� файла по умолчанию"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:203
+msgid "Change"
+msgstr "Изменить"
+
+#: lib/option.tcl:230
 msgid "Spelling Dictionary:"
 msgstr "Словарь дл� проверки правопи�ани�:"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:216
+#: lib/option.tcl:254
 msgid "Change Font"
-msgstr "Изменить шрифт"
+msgstr "Изменить"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:220
+#: lib/option.tcl:258
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Choose %s"
 msgstr "Выберите %s"
 
 # carbon copy
-#: lib/option.tcl:226
+#: lib/option.tcl:264
 msgid "pt."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pt."
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:240
+#: lib/option.tcl:278
 msgid "Preferences"
 msgstr "�а�тройки"
 
-#: lib/option.tcl:275
+#: lib/option.tcl:314
 msgid "Failed to completely save options:"
 msgstr "�е удало�ь полно�тью �охранить на�тройки:"
 
+#: lib/remote.tcl:163
+msgid "Remove Remote"
+msgstr "Удалить ��ылку на внешний репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:168
+msgid "Prune from"
+msgstr "Чи�тка"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:173
+msgid "Fetch from"
+msgstr "Получение из"
+
+#: lib/remote.tcl:215
+msgid "Push to"
+msgstr "Отправить"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
+msgid "Add Remote"
+msgstr "Зареги�трировать внешний репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
+msgid "Add New Remote"
+msgstr "Добавить внешний репозиторий"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
+msgid "Add"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
+msgid "Remote Details"
+msgstr "Информаци� о внешнем репозитории"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
+msgid "Location:"
+msgstr "Положение:"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:62
+msgid "Further Action"
+msgstr "Следующа� операци�"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:65
+msgid "Fetch Immediately"
+msgstr "Скачать �разу"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
+msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
+msgstr "Инициализировать внешний репозиторий и отправить"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
+msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
+msgstr "Больше ничего не делать"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
+msgid "Please supply a remote name."
+msgstr "Укажите название внешнего репозитори�."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
+msgstr "�едопу�тимое название внешнего репозитори� '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
+msgstr "�е удало�ь добавить '%s' из '%s'. "
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "fetch %s"
+msgstr "получение %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:134
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Fetching the %s"
+msgstr "Получение %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
+msgstr "�евозможно инициалировать репозиторий в '%s'."
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "push %s"
+msgstr "отправить %s"
+
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:164
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Setting up the %s (at %s)"
+msgstr "�а�тройка %s (в %s)"
+
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
-msgid "Delete Remote Branch"
-msgstr "Удалить внешнюю ветвь"
+msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
+msgstr "Удаление ветви во внешнем репозитории"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
 msgid "From Repository"
 msgstr "Из репозитори�"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
 msgid "Remote:"
 msgstr "внешний:"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
-msgid "Arbitrary URL:"
-msgstr "по указанному URL:"
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
+msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
+msgstr "Указаное положение:"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:84
 msgid "Branches"
@@ -1786,15 +2191,15 @@ msgstr "Удалить только в �лучае, е�ли"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:111
 msgid "Merged Into:"
-msgstr "Объединено �:"
+msgstr "Сли�ние �:"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:119
 msgid "Always (Do not perform merge checks)"
-msgstr "В�егда (не выполн�ть проверку объединений)"
+msgstr "В�егда (не выполн�ть проверку на �ли�ние)"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:152
 msgid "A branch is required for 'Merged Into'."
-msgstr "Дл� опции 'Объединено �' требует�� указать ветвь."
+msgstr "Дл� опции 'Сли�ние �' требует�� указать ветвь."
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:184
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1803,7 +2208,8 @@ msgid ""
 "\n"
 " - %s"
 msgstr ""
-"Следующие ветви объединены � %s не полно�тью:\n"
+"Следующие ветви могут быть объединены � %s при помощи операции �ли�ни�:\n"
+"\n"
 " - %s"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
@@ -1812,8 +2218,8 @@ msgid ""
 "One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
 "necessary commits.  Try fetching from %s first."
 msgstr ""
-"Один или не�колько те�тов на объединение не прошли, потому что Вы не "
-"получили необходимые �о�то�ни�. Попытайте�ь получить их из %s."
+"�екоторые те�ты на �ли�ние не прошли, потому что Вы не получили необходимые "
+"�о�то�ни�. Попытайте�ь получить их из %s."
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:207
 msgid "Please select one or more branches to delete."
@@ -1843,17 +2249,21 @@ msgstr "�е указан репозиторий."
 msgid "Scanning %s..."
 msgstr "Перечитывание %s... "
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:165
-msgid "Prune from"
-msgstr "Чи�тка"
+#: lib/search.tcl:21
+msgid "Find:"
+msgstr "Пои�к:"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:170
-msgid "Fetch from"
-msgstr "Получение из"
+#: lib/search.tcl:23
+msgid "Next"
+msgstr "Дальше"
 
-#: lib/remote.tcl:213
-msgid "Push to"
-msgstr "Отправить"
+#: lib/search.tcl:24
+msgid "Prev"
+msgstr "Обратно"
+
+#: lib/search.tcl:25
+msgid "Case-Sensitive"
+msgstr "Игн. большие/маленькие"
 
 #: lib/shortcut.tcl:20 lib/shortcut.tcl:61
 msgid "Cannot write shortcut:"
@@ -1888,27 +2298,192 @@ msgstr "Программа проверки правопи�ани� не �мо
 msgid "Unrecognized spell checker"
 msgstr "�ера�познана� программа проверки правопи�ани�"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:180
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:186
 msgid "No Suggestions"
 msgstr "И�правлений не найдено"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:381
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:388
 msgid "Unexpected EOF from spell checker"
 msgstr "Программа проверки правопи�ани� прервала передачу данных"
 
-#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:385
+#: lib/spellcheck.tcl:392
 msgid "Spell Checker Failed"
 msgstr "Ошибка проверки правопи�ани�"
 
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:31
+msgid "No keys found."
+msgstr "Ключ не найден"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:34
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Found a public key in: %s"
+msgstr "Публичный ключ из %s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:40
+msgid "Generate Key"
+msgstr "Создать ключ"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:56
+msgid "Copy To Clipboard"
+msgstr "Скопировать в буфер обмена"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:70
+msgid "Your OpenSSH Public Key"
+msgstr "Ваш публичный ключ OpenSSH"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:78
+msgid "Generating..."
+msgstr "Создание..."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:84
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка запу�ка ssh-keygen:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:111
+msgid "Generation failed."
+msgstr "Ключ не �оздан."
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
+msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgstr "Создание ключа завершило�ь, но результат не был найден"
+
+#: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Your key is in: %s"
+msgstr "Ваш ключ находит�� в: %s"
+
 #: lib/status_bar.tcl:83
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "%s ... %*i of %*i %s (%3i%%)"
 msgstr "%s ... %*i из %*i %s (%3i%%)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:6
+#: lib/tools.tcl:75
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "fetch %s"
-msgstr "получение %s"
+msgid "Running %s requires a selected file."
+msgstr "Запу�к %s требует выбранного файла."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:90
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Are you sure you want to run %s?"
+msgstr "Дей�твительно запу�тить %s?"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:110
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool: %s"
+msgstr "В�помогательна� операци�: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:111
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Running: %s"
+msgstr "Выполнение: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:149
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Программа %s завершила�ь у�пешно."
+
+#: lib/tools.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool failed: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:22
+msgid "Add Tool"
+msgstr "Добавить в�помогательную операцию"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:28
+msgid "Add New Tool Command"
+msgstr "�ова� в�помогательна� операци�"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:33
+msgid "Add globally"
+msgstr "Добавить дл� в�ех репозиториев"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:45
+msgid "Tool Details"
+msgstr "Опи�ание в�помогательной операции"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:48
+msgid "Use '/' separators to create a submenu tree:"
+msgstr "И�польуйте '/' дл� �оздани� подменю"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:61
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Команда:"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:74
+msgid "Show a dialog before running"
+msgstr "Показать диалог перед запу�ком"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:80
+msgid "Ask the user to select a revision (sets $REVISION)"
+msgstr "Запро� на выбор вер�ии (у�танавливает $REVISION)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:85
+msgid "Ask the user for additional arguments (sets $ARGS)"
+msgstr "Запро� дополнительных аргументов (у�танавливает $ARGS)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:92
+msgid "Don't show the command output window"
+msgstr "�е показывать окно вывода команды"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:97
+msgid "Run only if a diff is selected ($FILENAME not empty)"
+msgstr "Запу�к только е�ли показан �пи�ок изменений ($FILENAME не пу�то)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:121
+msgid "Please supply a name for the tool."
+msgstr "Укажите название в�помогательной операции."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:129
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tool '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "В�помогательна� операци� '%s' уже �уще�твует."
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:151
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not add tool:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка добавлени� программы:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
+msgid "Remove Tool"
+msgstr "Удалить программу"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:196
+msgid "Remove Tool Commands"
+msgstr "Удалить команды программы"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:200
+msgid "Remove"
+msgstr "Удалить"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:236
+msgid "(Blue denotes repository-local tools)"
+msgstr "(Синим выделены программы локальные репозиторию)"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:297
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Run Command: %s"
+msgstr "Запу�к команды: %s"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:311
+msgid "Arguments"
+msgstr "�ргументы"
+
+#: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:348
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
 
 #: lib/transport.tcl:7
 #, tcl-format
@@ -1926,48 +2501,45 @@ msgstr "чи�тка внешнего %s"
 msgid "Pruning tracking branches deleted from %s"
 msgstr "Чи�тка ветвей �лежени�, удаленных из %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "push %s"
-msgstr "отправить %s"
-
 #: lib/transport.tcl:26
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
 msgstr "Отправка изменений в %s "
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Точное копирование в %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
 msgstr "Отправка %s %s в %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
 msgid "Push Branches"
 msgstr "Отправить изменени� в ветв�х"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
 msgid "Source Branches"
 msgstr "И�ходные ветви"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
 msgid "Destination Repository"
 msgstr "Репозиторий назначени�"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
 msgid "Transfer Options"
 msgstr "�а�тройки отправки"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
 msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
 msgstr "�амеренно перепи�ать �уще�твующую ветвь (возможна потер� изменений)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
 msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
 msgstr "И�пользовать thin pack (дл� медленных �етевых подключений)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
 msgid "Include tags"
-msgstr "Передать таги"
-
-#~ msgid "Next >"
-#~ msgstr "Дальше >"
+msgstr "Передать метки"
diff --git a/git-gui/po/sv.po b/git-gui/po/sv.po
index d434220b1..c1535f94e 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/sv.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/sv.po
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-11-16 13:56-0800\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-11-21 08:35+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-12-08 08:31-0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-12-10 09:49+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
@@ -87,11 +87,15 @@ msgstr "Söker efter ändrade filer..."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1367
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Anropar kroken för förberedning av incheckningsmeddelande (prepare-commit-msg)..."
+msgstr ""
+"Anropar kroken för förberedelse av incheckningsmeddelande (prepare-commit-"
+"msg)..."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1384
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
-msgstr "Incheckningen avvisades av kroken för förberedning av incheckningsmeddelande (prepare-commit-msg)."
+msgstr ""
+"Incheckningen avvisades av kroken för förberedelse av incheckningsmeddelande "
+"(prepare-commit-msg)."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1542 lib/browser.tcl:246
 msgid "Ready."
@@ -241,25 +245,25 @@ msgstr "Ã…ngra"
 msgid "Redo"
 msgstr "Gör om"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2923
+#: git-gui.sh:2378 git-gui.sh:2937
 msgid "Cut"
 msgstr "Klipp ut"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2926 git-gui.sh:3000 git-gui.sh:3082
+#: git-gui.sh:2381 git-gui.sh:2940 git-gui.sh:3014 git-gui.sh:3096
 #: lib/console.tcl:69
 msgid "Copy"
 msgstr "Kopiera"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2929
+#: git-gui.sh:2384 git-gui.sh:2943
 msgid "Paste"
 msgstr "Klistra in"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2932 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
+#: git-gui.sh:2387 git-gui.sh:2946 lib/branch_delete.tcl:26
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:38
 msgid "Delete"
 msgstr "Ta bort"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2936 git-gui.sh:3086 lib/console.tcl:71
+#: git-gui.sh:2391 git-gui.sh:2950 git-gui.sh:3100 lib/console.tcl:71
 msgid "Select All"
 msgstr "Markera alla"
 
@@ -291,15 +295,15 @@ msgstr "Färdig"
 msgid "Commit@@verb"
 msgstr "Checka in"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2864
+#: git-gui.sh:2443 git-gui.sh:2878
 msgid "New Commit"
 msgstr "Ny incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2871
+#: git-gui.sh:2451 git-gui.sh:2885
 msgid "Amend Last Commit"
 msgstr "Lägg till föregående incheckning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2825 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
+#: git-gui.sh:2461 git-gui.sh:2839 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:99
 msgid "Rescan"
 msgstr "Sök på nytt"
 
@@ -319,15 +323,15 @@ msgstr "Ta bort från incheckningskö"
 msgid "Revert Changes"
 msgstr "Återställ ändringar"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3069
+#: git-gui.sh:2491 git-gui.sh:3083
 msgid "Show Less Context"
 msgstr "Visa mindre sammanhang"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3073
+#: git-gui.sh:2495 git-gui.sh:3087
 msgid "Show More Context"
 msgstr "Visa mer sammanhang"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2838 git-gui.sh:2947
+#: git-gui.sh:2502 git-gui.sh:2852 git-gui.sh:2961
 msgid "Sign Off"
 msgstr "Skriv under"
 
@@ -361,7 +365,7 @@ msgstr "Om %s"
 msgid "Preferences..."
 msgstr "Inställningar..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3115
+#: git-gui.sh:2565 git-gui.sh:3129
 msgid "Options..."
 msgstr "Alternativ..."
 
@@ -381,125 +385,125 @@ msgstr "Webbdokumentation"
 msgid "Show SSH Key"
 msgstr "Visa SSH-nyckel"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2707
+#: git-gui.sh:2721
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "fatal: cannot stat path %s: No such file or directory"
 msgstr ""
 "ödesdigert: kunde inte ta status på sökvägen %s: Fil eller katalog saknas"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2740
+#: git-gui.sh:2754
 msgid "Current Branch:"
 msgstr "Aktuell gren:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2761
+#: git-gui.sh:2775
 msgid "Staged Changes (Will Commit)"
 msgstr "Köade ändringar (kommer att checkas in)"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2781
+#: git-gui.sh:2795
 msgid "Unstaged Changes"
 msgstr "Oköade ändringar"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2831
+#: git-gui.sh:2845
 msgid "Stage Changed"
 msgstr "Köa ändrade"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2850 lib/transport.tcl:93 lib/transport.tcl:182
+#: git-gui.sh:2864 lib/transport.tcl:104 lib/transport.tcl:193
 msgid "Push"
 msgstr "Sänd"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2885
+#: git-gui.sh:2899
 msgid "Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Inledande incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2886
+#: git-gui.sh:2900
 msgid "Amended Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Utökat incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2887
+#: git-gui.sh:2901
 msgid "Amended Initial Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Utökat inledande incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2888
+#: git-gui.sh:2902
 msgid "Amended Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Utökat incheckningsmeddelande för sammanslagning:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2889
+#: git-gui.sh:2903
 msgid "Merge Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande för sammanslagning:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2890
+#: git-gui.sh:2904
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2939 git-gui.sh:3090 lib/console.tcl:73
+#: git-gui.sh:2953 git-gui.sh:3104 lib/console.tcl:73
 msgid "Copy All"
 msgstr "Kopiera alla"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:2963 lib/blame.tcl:104
+#: git-gui.sh:2977 lib/blame.tcl:104
 msgid "File:"
 msgstr "Fil:"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3078
+#: git-gui.sh:3092
 msgid "Refresh"
 msgstr "Uppdatera"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3099
+#: git-gui.sh:3113
 msgid "Decrease Font Size"
 msgstr "Minska teckensnittsstorlek"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3103
+#: git-gui.sh:3117
 msgid "Increase Font Size"
 msgstr "Öka teckensnittsstorlek"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3111 lib/blame.tcl:281
+#: git-gui.sh:3125 lib/blame.tcl:281
 msgid "Encoding"
 msgstr "Teckenkodning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3122
+#: git-gui.sh:3136
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Hunk"
 msgstr "Använd/återställ del"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3127
+#: git-gui.sh:3141
 msgid "Apply/Reverse Line"
 msgstr "Använd/återställ rad"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3137
+#: git-gui.sh:3151
 msgid "Run Merge Tool"
 msgstr "Starta verktyg för sammanslagning"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3142
+#: git-gui.sh:3156
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
 msgstr "Använd versionen från fjärrarkivet"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3146
+#: git-gui.sh:3160
 msgid "Use Local Version"
 msgstr "Använd lokala versionen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3150
+#: git-gui.sh:3164
 msgid "Revert To Base"
 msgstr "Återställ till basversionen"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3169
+#: git-gui.sh:3183
 msgid "Unstage Hunk From Commit"
 msgstr "Ta bort del ur incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3170
+#: git-gui.sh:3184
 msgid "Unstage Line From Commit"
 msgstr "Ta bort rad ur incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3172
+#: git-gui.sh:3186
 msgid "Stage Hunk For Commit"
 msgstr "Ställ del i incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3173
+#: git-gui.sh:3187
 msgid "Stage Line For Commit"
 msgstr "Ställ rad i incheckningskö"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3196
+#: git-gui.sh:3210
 msgid "Initializing..."
 msgstr "Initierar..."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3301
+#: git-gui.sh:3315
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Possible environment issues exist.\n"
@@ -516,7 +520,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "av %s:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3331
+#: git-gui.sh:3345
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "This is due to a known issue with the\n"
@@ -526,7 +530,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Detta beror på ett känt problem med\n"
 "Tcl-binären som följer med Cygwin."
 
-#: git-gui.sh:3336
+#: git-gui.sh:3350
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -612,43 +616,43 @@ msgstr "Kör grundlig kopieringsigenkänning..."
 msgid "Loading annotation..."
 msgstr "Läser in annotering..."
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:964
+#: lib/blame.tcl:963
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Författare:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:968
+#: lib/blame.tcl:967
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Incheckare:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:973
+#: lib/blame.tcl:972
 msgid "Original File:"
 msgstr "Ursprunglig fil:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1021
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1020
 msgid "Cannot find HEAD commit:"
 msgstr "Hittar inte incheckning för HEAD:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1076
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1075
 msgid "Cannot find parent commit:"
 msgstr "Hittar inte föräldraincheckning:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1091
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1090
 msgid "Unable to display parent"
 msgstr "Kan inte visa förälder"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1092 lib/diff.tcl:297
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1091 lib/diff.tcl:297
 msgid "Error loading diff:"
 msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av differens:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1232
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1231
 msgid "Originally By:"
 msgstr "Ursprungligen av:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1238
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1237
 msgid "In File:"
 msgstr "I filen:"
 
-#: lib/blame.tcl:1243
+#: lib/blame.tcl:1242
 msgid "Copied Or Moved Here By:"
 msgstr "Kopierad eller flyttad hit av:"
 
@@ -665,7 +669,7 @@ msgstr "Checka ut"
 #: lib/checkout_op.tcl:544 lib/choose_font.tcl:43 lib/merge.tcl:172
 #: lib/option.tcl:125 lib/remote_add.tcl:32 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:42
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:40 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:204 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:352
-#: lib/transport.tcl:97
+#: lib/transport.tcl:108
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Avbryt"
 
@@ -776,16 +780,6 @@ msgstr "Alltid (utför inte sammanslagningstest)."
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "Följande grenar är inte till fullo sammanslagna med %s:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"Det är svårt att återställa borttagna grenar.\n"
-"\n"
-" Ta bort valda grenar?"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
@@ -1314,19 +1308,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "utöka tidigare incheckningar om du inte först avbryter den pågående "
 "sammanslagningen.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:49
+#: lib/commit.tcl:48
 msgid "Error loading commit data for amend:"
 msgstr "Fel vid inläsning av incheckningsdata för utökning:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:76
+#: lib/commit.tcl:75
 msgid "Unable to obtain your identity:"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hämta din identitet:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:81
+#: lib/commit.tcl:80
 msgid "Invalid GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 msgstr "Felaktig GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:133
+#: lib/commit.tcl:132
 msgid ""
 "Last scanned state does not match repository state.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1342,7 +1336,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Sökningen kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:156
+#: lib/commit.tcl:155
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unmerged files cannot be committed.\n"
@@ -1355,7 +1349,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "Filen %s har sammanslagningskonflikter. Du måste lösa dem och köa filen "
 "innan du checkar in den.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:164
+#: lib/commit.tcl:163
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Unknown file state %s detected.\n"
@@ -1366,7 +1360,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Filen %s kan inte checkas in av programmet.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:172
+#: lib/commit.tcl:171
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1376,7 +1370,7 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Du måste köa åtminstone en fil innan du kan checka in.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:187
+#: lib/commit.tcl:186
 msgid ""
 "Please supply a commit message.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1394,45 +1388,45 @@ msgstr ""
 "- Andra raden: Tom\n"
 "- Följande rader: Beskriv varför det här är en bra ändring.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:211
+#: lib/commit.tcl:210
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "warning: Tcl does not support encoding '%s'."
 msgstr "varning: Tcl stöder inte teckenkodningen \"%s\"."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:227
+#: lib/commit.tcl:226
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
 msgstr "Anropar kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:242
+#: lib/commit.tcl:241
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
 msgstr "Incheckningen avvisades av kroken före incheckning (pre-commit)."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:265
+#: lib/commit.tcl:264
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
 msgstr "Anropar kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:280
+#: lib/commit.tcl:279
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
 msgstr "Incheckning avvisad av kroken för incheckningsmeddelande (commit-msg)."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:293
+#: lib/commit.tcl:292
 msgid "Committing changes..."
 msgstr "Checkar in ändringar..."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:309
+#: lib/commit.tcl:308
 msgid "write-tree failed:"
 msgstr "write-tree misslyckades:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:310 lib/commit.tcl:354 lib/commit.tcl:374
+#: lib/commit.tcl:309 lib/commit.tcl:353 lib/commit.tcl:373
 msgid "Commit failed."
 msgstr "Incheckningen misslyckades."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:327
+#: lib/commit.tcl:326
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s appears to be corrupt"
 msgstr "Incheckningen %s verkar vara trasig"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:332
+#: lib/commit.tcl:331
 msgid ""
 "No changes to commit.\n"
 "\n"
@@ -1446,19 +1440,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "En sökning kommer att startas automatiskt nu.\n"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:339
+#: lib/commit.tcl:338
 msgid "No changes to commit."
 msgstr "Inga ändringar att checka in."
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:353
+#: lib/commit.tcl:352
 msgid "commit-tree failed:"
 msgstr "commit-tree misslyckades:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:373
+#: lib/commit.tcl:372
 msgid "update-ref failed:"
 msgstr "update-ref misslyckades:"
 
-#: lib/commit.tcl:461
+#: lib/commit.tcl:460
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Created commit %s: %s"
 msgstr "Skapade incheckningen %s: %s"
@@ -1565,14 +1559,16 @@ msgstr "Läser differens för %s..."
 msgid ""
 "LOCAL: deleted\n"
 "REMOTE:\n"
-msgstr "LOKAL: borttagen\n"
+msgstr ""
+"LOKAL: borttagen\n"
 "FJÄRR:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:125
 msgid ""
 "REMOTE: deleted\n"
 "LOCAL:\n"
-msgstr "FJÄRR: borttagen\n"
+msgstr ""
+"FJÄRR: borttagen\n"
 "LOKAL:\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:132
@@ -1605,7 +1601,8 @@ msgstr "* Binärfil (visar inte innehållet)."
 msgid ""
 "* Untracked file is %d bytes.\n"
 "* Showing only first %d bytes.\n"
-msgstr "* Den ospårade filen är %d byte.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Den ospårade filen är %d byte.\n"
 "* Visar endast inledande %d byte.\n"
 
 #: lib/diff.tcl:228
@@ -1935,7 +1932,8 @@ msgstr "Verktyget för sammanslagning körs redan. Vill du avsluta det?"
 msgid ""
 "Error retrieving versions:\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av versioner:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Fel vid hämtning av versioner:\n"
 "%s"
 
 #: lib/mergetool.tcl:343
@@ -1944,7 +1942,8 @@ msgid ""
 "Could not start the merge tool:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte starta verktyg för sammanslagning:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte starta verktyg för sammanslagning:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
 
@@ -2157,7 +2156,8 @@ msgstr "Hämtar %s"
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
 msgstr "Vet inte hur arkivet på platsen \"%s\" skall initieras."
 
-#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:71
+#: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
+#: lib/transport.tcl:81
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "push %s"
 msgstr "sänd %s"
@@ -2175,11 +2175,11 @@ msgstr "Ta bort gren från fjärrarkiv"
 msgid "From Repository"
 msgstr "Från arkiv"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:123
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
 msgid "Remote:"
 msgstr "Fjärrarkiv:"
 
-#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:138
+#: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
 msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
 msgstr "Godtycklig plats:"
 
@@ -2343,7 +2343,8 @@ msgid ""
 "Could not start ssh-keygen:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte starta ssh-keygen:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte starta ssh-keygen:\n"
 "\n"
 "%s"
 
@@ -2387,8 +2388,8 @@ msgstr "Exekverar: %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:149
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tool completed succesfully: %s"
-msgstr "Verktyget avslutades framgångsrikt."
+msgid "Tool completed successfully: %s"
+msgstr "Verktyget avslutades framgångsrikt: %s"
 
 #: lib/tools.tcl:151
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2453,7 +2454,8 @@ msgstr "Verktyget \"%s\" finns redan."
 msgid ""
 "Could not add tool:\n"
 "%s"
-msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till verktyget:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte lägga till verktyget:\n"
 "%s"
 
 #: lib/tools_dlg.tcl:190
@@ -2505,36 +2507,41 @@ msgstr "Tar bort spårande grenar som tagits bort från %s"
 msgid "Pushing changes to %s"
 msgstr "Sänder ändringar till %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:72
+#: lib/transport.tcl:64
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Mirroring to %s"
+msgstr "Speglar till %s"
+
+#: lib/transport.tcl:82
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Pushing %s %s to %s"
 msgstr "Sänder %s %s till %s"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:89
+#: lib/transport.tcl:100
 msgid "Push Branches"
 msgstr "Sänd grenar"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:103
+#: lib/transport.tcl:114
 msgid "Source Branches"
 msgstr "Källgrenar"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:120
+#: lib/transport.tcl:131
 msgid "Destination Repository"
 msgstr "Destinationsarkiv"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:158
+#: lib/transport.tcl:169
 msgid "Transfer Options"
 msgstr "Överföringsalternativ"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:160
+#: lib/transport.tcl:171
 msgid "Force overwrite existing branch (may discard changes)"
 msgstr "Tvinga överskrivning av befintlig gren (kan kasta bort ändringar)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:164
+#: lib/transport.tcl:175
 msgid "Use thin pack (for slow network connections)"
 msgstr "Använd tunt paket (för långsamma nätverksanslutningar)"
 
-#: lib/transport.tcl:168
+#: lib/transport.tcl:179
 msgid "Include tags"
 msgstr "Ta med taggar"
 
diff --git a/git-gui/po/zh_cn.po b/git-gui/po/zh_cn.po
index d2c686667..91c1be23c 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/zh_cn.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/zh_cn.po
@@ -676,16 +676,6 @@ msgstr "总是�并 (�作�并测试.)"
 msgid "The following branches are not completely merged into %s:"
 msgstr "下列分支没有完全被�并到 %s:"
 
-#: lib/branch_delete.tcl:115
-msgid ""
-"Recovering deleted branches is difficult. \n"
-"\n"
-" Delete the selected branches?"
-msgstr ""
-"��被删除的分支�常困难.\n"
-"\n"
-"是��删除所选分支?"
-
 #: lib/branch_delete.tcl:141
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
diff --git a/git-gui/windows/git-gui.sh b/git-gui/windows/git-gui.sh
index 53c3a9468..66bbb2f8f 100644
--- a/git-gui/windows/git-gui.sh
+++ b/git-gui/windows/git-gui.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,12 @@
 exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
 
 if { $argc >=2 && [lindex $argv 0] == "--working-dir" } {
-	cd [lindex $argv 1]
+	set workdir [lindex $argv 1]
+	cd $workdir
+	if {[lindex [file split $workdir] end] eq {.git}} {
+		# Workaround for Explorer right click "Git GUI Here" on .git/
+		cd ..
+	}
 	set argv [lrange $argv 2 end]
 	incr argc -2
 }
diff --git a/git-instaweb.sh b/git-instaweb.sh
index 0843372b5..b8e645620 100755
--- a/git-instaweb.sh
+++ b/git-instaweb.sh
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ resolve_full_httpd () {
 	case "$httpd" in
 	*apache2*|*lighttpd*)
 		# ensure that the apache2/lighttpd command ends with "-f"
-		if ! echo "$httpd" | grep -- '-f *$' >/dev/null 2>&1
+		if ! echo "$httpd" | sane_grep -- '-f *$' >/dev/null 2>&1
 		then
 			httpd="$httpd -f"
 		fi
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ resolve_full_httpd () {
 	esac
 
 	httpd_only="$(echo $httpd | cut -f1 -d' ')"
-	if case "$httpd_only" in /*) : ;; *) which $httpd_only >/dev/null;; esac
+	if case "$httpd_only" in /*) : ;; *) which $httpd_only >/dev/null 2>&1;; esac
 	then
 		full_httpd=$httpd
 	else
@@ -73,15 +73,39 @@ resolve_full_httpd () {
 }
 
 start_httpd () {
+	if test -f "$fqgitdir/pid"; then
+		say "Instance already running. Restarting..."
+		stop_httpd
+	fi
+
 	# here $httpd should have a meaningful value
 	resolve_full_httpd
 
 	# don't quote $full_httpd, there can be arguments to it (-f)
-	$full_httpd "$fqgitdir/gitweb/httpd.conf"
-	if test $? != 0; then
-		echo "Could not execute http daemon $httpd."
-		exit 1
-	fi
+	case "$httpd" in
+	*mongoose*)
+		#The mongoose server doesn't have a daemon mode so we'll have to fork it
+		$full_httpd "$fqgitdir/gitweb/httpd.conf" &
+		#Save the pid before doing anything else (we'll print it later)
+		pid=$!
+
+		if test $? != 0; then
+			echo "Could not execute http daemon $httpd."
+			exit 1
+		fi
+
+		cat > "$fqgitdir/pid" <<EOF
+$pid
+EOF
+		;;
+	*)
+		$full_httpd "$fqgitdir/gitweb/httpd.conf"
+		if test $? != 0; then
+			echo "Could not execute http daemon $httpd."
+			exit 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 stop_httpd () {
@@ -179,11 +203,74 @@ lighttpd_conf () {
 	cat > "$conf" <<EOF
 server.document-root = "$fqgitdir/gitweb"
 server.port = $port
-server.modules = ( "mod_cgi" )
+server.modules = ( "mod_setenv", "mod_cgi" )
 server.indexfiles = ( "gitweb.cgi" )
 server.pid-file = "$fqgitdir/pid"
+server.errorlog = "$fqgitdir/gitweb/error.log"
+
+# to enable, add "mod_access", "mod_accesslog" to server.modules
+# variable above and uncomment this
+#accesslog.filename = "$fqgitdir/gitweb/access.log"
+
+setenv.add-environment = ( "PATH" => "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin" )
+
 cgi.assign = ( ".cgi" => "" )
-mimetype.assign = ( ".css" => "text/css" )
+
+# mimetype mapping
+mimetype.assign             = (
+  ".pdf"          =>      "application/pdf",
+  ".sig"          =>      "application/pgp-signature",
+  ".spl"          =>      "application/futuresplash",
+  ".class"        =>      "application/octet-stream",
+  ".ps"           =>      "application/postscript",
+  ".torrent"      =>      "application/x-bittorrent",
+  ".dvi"          =>      "application/x-dvi",
+  ".gz"           =>      "application/x-gzip",
+  ".pac"          =>      "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig",
+  ".swf"          =>      "application/x-shockwave-flash",
+  ".tar.gz"       =>      "application/x-tgz",
+  ".tgz"          =>      "application/x-tgz",
+  ".tar"          =>      "application/x-tar",
+  ".zip"          =>      "application/zip",
+  ".mp3"          =>      "audio/mpeg",
+  ".m3u"          =>      "audio/x-mpegurl",
+  ".wma"          =>      "audio/x-ms-wma",
+  ".wax"          =>      "audio/x-ms-wax",
+  ".ogg"          =>      "application/ogg",
+  ".wav"          =>      "audio/x-wav",
+  ".gif"          =>      "image/gif",
+  ".jpg"          =>      "image/jpeg",
+  ".jpeg"         =>      "image/jpeg",
+  ".png"          =>      "image/png",
+  ".xbm"          =>      "image/x-xbitmap",
+  ".xpm"          =>      "image/x-xpixmap",
+  ".xwd"          =>      "image/x-xwindowdump",
+  ".css"          =>      "text/css",
+  ".html"         =>      "text/html",
+  ".htm"          =>      "text/html",
+  ".js"           =>      "text/javascript",
+  ".asc"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".c"            =>      "text/plain",
+  ".cpp"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".log"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".conf"         =>      "text/plain",
+  ".text"         =>      "text/plain",
+  ".txt"          =>      "text/plain",
+  ".dtd"          =>      "text/xml",
+  ".xml"          =>      "text/xml",
+  ".mpeg"         =>      "video/mpeg",
+  ".mpg"          =>      "video/mpeg",
+  ".mov"          =>      "video/quicktime",
+  ".qt"           =>      "video/quicktime",
+  ".avi"          =>      "video/x-msvideo",
+  ".asf"          =>      "video/x-ms-asf",
+  ".asx"          =>      "video/x-ms-asf",
+  ".wmv"          =>      "video/x-ms-wmv",
+  ".bz2"          =>      "application/x-bzip",
+  ".tbz"          =>      "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar",
+  ".tar.bz2"      =>      "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar",
+  ""              =>      "text/plain"
+ )
 EOF
 	test x"$local" = xtrue && echo 'server.bind = "127.0.0.1"' >> "$conf"
 }
@@ -193,7 +280,7 @@ apache2_conf () {
 	mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/logs"
 	bind=
 	test x"$local" = xtrue && bind='127.0.0.1:'
-	echo 'text/css css' > $fqgitdir/mime.types
+	echo 'text/css css' > "$fqgitdir/mime.types"
 	cat > "$conf" <<EOF
 ServerName "git-instaweb"
 ServerRoot "$fqgitdir/gitweb"
@@ -209,14 +296,14 @@ EOF
 		fi
 	done
 	cat >> "$conf" <<EOF
-TypesConfig $fqgitdir/mime.types
+TypesConfig "$fqgitdir/mime.types"
 DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
 EOF
 
 	# check to see if Dennis Stosberg's mod_perl compatibility patch
 	# (<20060621130708.Gcbc6e5c@leonov.stosberg.net>) has been applied
-	if test -f "$module_path/mod_perl.so" && grep '^our $gitbin' \
-				"$GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.cgi" >/dev/null
+	if test -f "$module_path/mod_perl.so" &&
+	   sane_grep 'MOD_PERL' "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.cgi" >/dev/null
 	then
 		# favor mod_perl if available
 		cat >> "$conf" <<EOF
@@ -234,8 +321,22 @@ EOF
 		# plain-old CGI
 		resolve_full_httpd
 		list_mods=$(echo "$full_httpd" | sed "s/-f$/-l/")
-		$list_mods | grep 'mod_cgi\.c' >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
-		echo "LoadModule cgi_module $module_path/mod_cgi.so" >> "$conf"
+		$list_mods | sane_grep 'mod_cgi\.c' >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
+		if test -f "$module_path/mod_cgi.so"
+		then
+			echo "LoadModule cgi_module $module_path/mod_cgi.so" >> "$conf"
+		else
+			$list_mods | grep 'mod_cgid\.c' >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
+			if test -f "$module_path/mod_cgid.so"
+			then
+				echo "LoadModule cgid_module $module_path/mod_cgid.so" \
+					>> "$conf"
+			else
+				echo "You have no CGI support!"
+				exit 2
+			fi
+			echo "ScriptSock logs/gitweb.sock" >> "$conf"
+		fi
 		cat >> "$conf" <<EOF
 AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
 <Location /gitweb.cgi>
@@ -245,6 +346,31 @@ EOF
 	fi
 }
 
+mongoose_conf() {
+	cat > "$conf" <<EOF
+# Mongoose web server configuration file.
+# Lines starting with '#' and empty lines are ignored.
+# For detailed description of every option, visit
+# http://code.google.com/p/mongoose/wiki/MongooseManual
+
+root		$fqgitdir/gitweb
+ports		$port
+index_files	gitweb.cgi
+#ssl_cert	$fqgitdir/gitweb/ssl_cert.pem
+error_log	$fqgitdir/gitweb/error.log
+access_log	$fqgitdir/gitweb/access.log
+
+#cgi setup
+cgi_env		PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin,GIT_DIR=$GIT_DIR,GIT_EXEC_PATH=$GIT_EXEC_PATH
+cgi_interp	$PERL
+cgi_ext		cgi,pl
+
+# mimetype mapping
+mime_types	.gz=application/x-gzip,.tar.gz=application/x-tgz,.tgz=application/x-tgz,.tar=application/x-tar,.zip=application/zip,.gif=image/gif,.jpg=image/jpeg,.jpeg=image/jpeg,.png=image/png,.css=text/css,.html=text/html,.htm=text/html,.js=text/javascript,.c=text/plain,.cpp=text/plain,.log=text/plain,.conf=text/plain,.text=text/plain,.txt=text/plain,.dtd=text/xml,.bz2=application/x-bzip,.tbz=application/x-bzip-compressed-tar,.tar.bz2=application/x-bzip-compressed-tar
+EOF
+}
+
+
 script='
 s#^(my|our) \$projectroot =.*#$1 \$projectroot = "'$(dirname "$fqgitdir")'";#;
 s#(my|our) \$gitbin =.*#$1 \$gitbin = "'$GIT_EXEC_PATH'";#;
@@ -268,8 +394,15 @@ gitweb_css () {
 EOFGITWEB
 }
 
+gitweb_js () {
+	cat > "$1" <<\EOFGITWEB
+@@GITWEB_JS@@
+EOFGITWEB
+}
+
 gitweb_cgi "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.cgi"
 gitweb_css "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.css"
+gitweb_js  "$GIT_DIR/gitweb/gitweb.js"
 
 case "$httpd" in
 *lighttpd*)
@@ -281,6 +414,9 @@ case "$httpd" in
 webrick)
 	webrick_conf
 	;;
+*mongoose*)
+	mongoose_conf
+	;;
 *)
 	echo "Unknown httpd specified: $httpd"
 	exit 1
diff --git a/git-lost-found.sh b/git-lost-found.sh
index 9cedaf80c..0b3e8c7a8 100755
--- a/git-lost-found.sh
+++ b/git-lost-found.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ while read dangling type sha1
 do
 	case "$dangling" in
 	dangling)
-		if git rev-parse --verify "$sha1^0" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+		if git rev-parse -q --verify "$sha1^0" >/dev/null
 		then
 			dir="$laf/commit"
 			git show-branch "$sha1"
diff --git a/git-merge-octopus.sh b/git-merge-octopus.sh
index 1dadbb496..615753c83 100755
--- a/git-merge-octopus.sh
+++ b/git-merge-octopus.sh
@@ -44,9 +44,8 @@ esac
 # MRC is the current "merge reference commit"
 # MRT is the current "merge result tree"
 
-MRC=$head MSG= PARENT="-p $head"
+MRC=$(git rev-parse --verify -q $head)
 MRT=$(git write-tree)
-CNT=1 ;# counting our head
 NON_FF_MERGE=0
 OCTOPUS_FAILURE=0
 for SHA1 in $remotes
@@ -61,19 +60,17 @@ do
 		exit 2
 	esac
 
+	eval pretty_name=\${GITHEAD_$SHA1:-$SHA1}
 	common=$(git merge-base --all $SHA1 $MRC) ||
-		die "Unable to find common commit with $SHA1"
+		die "Unable to find common commit with $pretty_name"
 
 	case "$LF$common$LF" in
 	*"$LF$SHA1$LF"*)
-		echo "Already up-to-date with $SHA1"
+		echo "Already up-to-date with $pretty_name"
 		continue
 		;;
 	esac
 
-	CNT=`expr $CNT + 1`
-	PARENT="$PARENT -p $SHA1"
-
 	if test "$common,$NON_FF_MERGE" = "$MRC,0"
 	then
 		# The first head being merged was a fast-forward.
@@ -81,7 +78,7 @@ do
 		# tree as the intermediate result of the merge.
 		# We still need to count this as part of the parent set.
 
-		echo "Fast forwarding to: $SHA1"
+		echo "Fast-forwarding to: $pretty_name"
 		git read-tree -u -m $head $SHA1 || exit
 		MRC=$SHA1 MRT=$(git write-tree)
 		continue
@@ -89,7 +86,7 @@ do
 
 	NON_FF_MERGE=1
 
-	echo "Trying simple merge with $SHA1"
+	echo "Trying simple merge with $pretty_name"
 	git read-tree -u -m --aggressive  $common $MRT $SHA1 || exit 2
 	next=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 	if test $? -ne 0
diff --git a/git-merge-one-file.sh b/git-merge-one-file.sh
index e1eb96326..d067894bf 100755
--- a/git-merge-one-file.sh
+++ b/git-merge-one-file.sh
@@ -16,6 +16,18 @@
 # been handled already by git read-tree, but that one doesn't
 # do any merges that might change the tree layout.
 
+USAGE='<orig blob> <our blob> <their blob> <path>'
+USAGE="$USAGE <orig mode> <our mode> <their mode>"
+LONG_USAGE="Usage: git merge-one-file $USAGE
+
+Blob ids and modes should be empty for missing files."
+
+if ! test "$#" -eq 7
+then
+	echo "$LONG_USAGE"
+	exit 1
+fi
+
 case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 #
 # Deleted in both or deleted in one and unchanged in the other
@@ -113,6 +125,10 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 	src1=`git-unpack-file $2`
 	git merge-file "$src1" "$orig" "$src2"
 	ret=$?
+	msg=
+	if [ $ret -ne 0 ]; then
+		msg='content conflict'
+	fi
 
 	# Create the working tree file, using "our tree" version from the
 	# index, and then store the result of the merge.
@@ -120,7 +136,10 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 	rm -f -- "$orig" "$src1" "$src2"
 
 	if [ "$6" != "$7" ]; then
-		echo "ERROR: Permissions conflict: $5->$6,$7."
+		if [ -n "$msg" ]; then
+			msg="$msg, "
+		fi
+		msg="${msg}permissions conflict: $5->$6,$7"
 		ret=1
 	fi
 	if [ "$1" = '' ]; then
@@ -128,7 +147,7 @@ case "${1:-.}${2:-.}${3:-.}" in
 	fi
 
 	if [ $ret -ne 0 ]; then
-		echo "ERROR: Merge conflict in $4"
+		echo "ERROR: $msg in $4"
 		exit 1
 	fi
 	exec git update-index -- "$4"
diff --git a/git-merge-resolve.sh b/git-merge-resolve.sh
index 93bcfc2f5..c9da747fc 100755
--- a/git-merge-resolve.sh
+++ b/git-merge-resolve.sh
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ then
 	exit 2
 fi
 
-git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
+git update-index -q --refresh
 git read-tree -u -m --aggressive $bases $head $remotes || exit 2
 echo "Trying simple merge."
-if result_tree=$(git write-tree  2>/dev/null)
+if result_tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 then
 	exit 0
 else
diff --git a/git-mergetool--lib.sh b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5b6278572
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+# git-mergetool--lib is a library for common merge tool functions
+diff_mode() {
+	test "$TOOL_MODE" = diff
+}
+
+merge_mode() {
+	test "$TOOL_MODE" = merge
+}
+
+translate_merge_tool_path () {
+	case "$1" in
+	vimdiff)
+		echo vim
+		;;
+	gvimdiff)
+		echo gvim
+		;;
+	emerge)
+		echo emacs
+		;;
+	araxis)
+		echo compare
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "$1"
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+check_unchanged () {
+	if test "$MERGED" -nt "$BACKUP"; then
+		status=0
+	else
+		while true; do
+			echo "$MERGED seems unchanged."
+			printf "Was the merge successful? [y/n] "
+			read answer < /dev/tty
+			case "$answer" in
+			y*|Y*) status=0; break ;;
+			n*|N*) status=1; break ;;
+			esac
+		done
+	fi
+}
+
+valid_tool () {
+	case "$1" in
+	kdiff3 | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | opendiff | \
+	emerge | vimdiff | gvimdiff | ecmerge | diffuse | araxis | p4merge)
+		;; # happy
+	tortoisemerge)
+		if ! merge_mode; then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	kompare)
+		if ! diff_mode; then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		if test -z "$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"; then
+			return 1
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+get_merge_tool_cmd () {
+	# Prints the custom command for a merge tool
+	if test -n "$1"; then
+		merge_tool="$1"
+	else
+		merge_tool="$(get_merge_tool)"
+	fi
+	if diff_mode; then
+		echo "$(git config difftool.$merge_tool.cmd ||
+		        git config mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd)"
+	else
+		echo "$(git config mergetool.$merge_tool.cmd)"
+	fi
+}
+
+run_merge_tool () {
+	merge_tool_path="$(get_merge_tool_path "$1")" || exit
+	base_present="$2"
+	status=0
+
+	case "$1" in
+	kdiff3)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+					--L1 "$MERGED (Base)" \
+					--L2 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+					--L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
+					-o "$MERGED" \
+					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				> /dev/null 2>&1)
+			else
+				("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+					--L1 "$MERGED (Local)" \
+					--L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
+					-o "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				> /dev/null 2>&1)
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			("$merge_tool_path" --auto \
+				--L1 "$MERGED (A)" \
+				--L2 "$MERGED (B)" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+			> /dev/null 2>&1)
+		fi
+		;;
+	kompare)
+		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		;;
+	tkdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" \
+					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					-o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	p4merge)
+		if merge_mode; then
+		    touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	meld)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	diffuse)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE" \
+					"$BASE" | cat
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE" | cat
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" | cat
+		fi
+		;;
+	vimdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" \
+				"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	gvimdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" -f \
+				"$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -d -c "wincmd l" -f \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	xxdiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
+					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" -X $extra \
+					-R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
+					-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+					-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+					--merged-file "$MERGED" \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" \
+				-R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
+				-R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	opendiff)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					-ancestor "$BASE" \
+					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					-merge "$MERGED" | cat
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" | cat
+		fi
+		;;
+	ecmerge)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					--default --mode=merge3 --to="$MERGED"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					--default --mode=merge2 --to="$MERGED"
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" --default --mode=diff2 \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	emerge)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					-f emerge-files-with-ancestor-command \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" \
+					"$(basename "$MERGED")"
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" \
+					-f emerge-files-command \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+					"$(basename "$MERGED")"
+			fi
+			status=$?
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -f emerge-files-command \
+				"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		fi
+		;;
+	tortoisemerge)
+		if $base_present; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			"$merge_tool_path" \
+				-base:"$BASE" -mine:"$LOCAL" \
+				-theirs:"$REMOTE" -merged:"$MERGED"
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			echo "TortoiseMerge cannot be used without a base" 1>&2
+			status=1
+		fi
+		;;
+	araxis)
+		if merge_mode; then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			if $base_present; then
+				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -merge -3 -a1 \
+					"$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
+					>/dev/null 2>&1
+			else
+				"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 \
+					"$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED" \
+					>/dev/null 2>&1
+			fi
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			"$merge_tool_path" -wait -2 "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" \
+				>/dev/null 2>&1
+		fi
+		;;
+	*)
+		merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
+		if test -z "$merge_tool_cmd"; then
+			if merge_mode; then
+				status=1
+			fi
+			break
+		fi
+		if merge_mode; then
+			trust_exit_code="$(git config --bool \
+				mergetool."$1".trustExitCode || echo false)"
+			if test "$trust_exit_code" = "false"; then
+				touch "$BACKUP"
+				( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+				check_unchanged
+			else
+				( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+				status=$?
+			fi
+		else
+			( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+	return $status
+}
+
+guess_merge_tool () {
+	if merge_mode; then
+		tools="tortoisemerge"
+	else
+		tools="kompare"
+	fi
+	if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
+		if test -n "$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" ; then
+			tools="meld opendiff kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff $tools"
+		else
+			tools="opendiff kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld $tools"
+		fi
+		tools="$tools gvimdiff diffuse ecmerge p4merge araxis"
+	fi
+	case "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" in
+	*vim*)
+		tools="$tools vimdiff emerge"
+		;;
+	*)
+		tools="$tools emerge vimdiff"
+		;;
+	esac
+	echo >&2 "merge tool candidates: $tools"
+
+	# Loop over each candidate and stop when a valid merge tool is found.
+	for i in $tools
+	do
+		merge_tool_path="$(translate_merge_tool_path "$i")"
+		if type "$merge_tool_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+			echo "$i"
+			return 0
+		fi
+	done
+
+	echo >&2 "No known merge resolution program available."
+	return 1
+}
+
+get_configured_merge_tool () {
+	# Diff mode first tries diff.tool and falls back to merge.tool.
+	# Merge mode only checks merge.tool
+	if diff_mode; then
+		merge_tool=$(git config diff.tool || git config merge.tool)
+	else
+		merge_tool=$(git config merge.tool)
+	fi
+	if test -n "$merge_tool" && ! valid_tool "$merge_tool"; then
+		echo >&2 "git config option $TOOL_MODE.tool set to unknown tool: $merge_tool"
+		echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
+		return 1
+	fi
+	echo "$merge_tool"
+}
+
+get_merge_tool_path () {
+	# A merge tool has been set, so verify that it's valid.
+	if test -n "$1"; then
+		merge_tool="$1"
+	else
+		merge_tool="$(get_merge_tool)"
+	fi
+	if ! valid_tool "$merge_tool"; then
+		echo >&2 "Unknown merge tool $merge_tool"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	if diff_mode; then
+		merge_tool_path=$(git config difftool."$merge_tool".path ||
+		                  git config mergetool."$merge_tool".path)
+	else
+		merge_tool_path=$(git config mergetool."$merge_tool".path)
+	fi
+	if test -z "$merge_tool_path"; then
+		merge_tool_path="$(translate_merge_tool_path "$merge_tool")"
+	fi
+	if test -z "$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$merge_tool")" &&
+	! type "$merge_tool_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		echo >&2 "The $TOOL_MODE tool $merge_tool is not available as"\
+		         "'$merge_tool_path'"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	echo "$merge_tool_path"
+}
+
+get_merge_tool () {
+	# Check if a merge tool has been configured
+	merge_tool=$(get_configured_merge_tool)
+	# Try to guess an appropriate merge tool if no tool has been set.
+	if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
+		merge_tool="$(guess_merge_tool)" || exit
+	fi
+	echo "$merge_tool"
+}
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index 94187c306..b52a7410b 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@
 # at the discretion of Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-USAGE='[--tool=tool] [file to merge] ...'
+USAGE='[--tool=tool] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [file to merge] ...'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
+TOOL_MODE=merge
 . git-sh-setup
+. git-mergetool--lib
 require_work_tree
-prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
 
 # Returns true if the mode reflects a symlink
 is_symlink () {
@@ -70,16 +71,16 @@ resolve_symlink_merge () {
 		git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$MERGED"
 		git add -- "$MERGED"
 		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [rR]*)
 		git checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$MERGED"
 		git add -- "$MERGED"
 		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [aA]*)
-		exit 1
+		return 1
 		;;
 	    esac
 	done
@@ -97,47 +98,39 @@ resolve_deleted_merge () {
 	    [mMcC]*)
 		git add -- "$MERGED"
 		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [dD]*)
 		git rm -- "$MERGED" > /dev/null
 		cleanup_temp_files
-		return
+		return 0
 		;;
 	    [aA]*)
-		exit 1
+		return 1
 		;;
 	    esac
 	done
 }
 
-check_unchanged () {
-    if test "$MERGED" -nt "$BACKUP" ; then
-	status=0;
-    else
-	while true; do
-	    echo "$MERGED seems unchanged."
-	    printf "Was the merge successful? [y/n] "
-	    read answer < /dev/tty
-	    case "$answer" in
-		y*|Y*) status=0; break ;;
-		n*|N*) status=1; break ;;
-	    esac
-	done
+checkout_staged_file () {
+    tmpfile=$(expr "$(git checkout-index --temp --stage="$1" "$2")" : '\([^	]*\)	')
+
+    if test $? -eq 0 -a -n "$tmpfile" ; then
+	mv -- "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)$tmpfile" "$3"
     fi
 }
 
 merge_file () {
     MERGED="$1"
 
-    f=`git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED"`
+    f=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED")
     if test -z "$f" ; then
 	if test ! -f "$MERGED" ; then
 	    echo "$MERGED: file not found"
 	else
 	    echo "$MERGED: file does not need merging"
 	fi
-	exit 1
+	return 1
     fi
 
     ext="$$$(expr "$MERGED" : '.*\(\.[^/]*\)$')"
@@ -149,13 +142,13 @@ merge_file () {
     mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
     cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
 
-    base_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==1) print $1;}'`
-    local_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}'`
-    remote_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}'`
+    base_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==1) print $1;}')
+    local_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}')
+    remote_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}')
 
-    base_present   && git cat-file blob ":1:$prefix$MERGED" >"$BASE" 2>/dev/null
-    local_present  && git cat-file blob ":2:$prefix$MERGED" >"$LOCAL" 2>/dev/null
-    remote_present && git cat-file blob ":3:$prefix$MERGED" >"$REMOTE" 2>/dev/null
+    base_present   && checkout_staged_file 1 "$MERGED" "$BASE"
+    local_present  && checkout_staged_file 2 "$MERGED" "$LOCAL"
+    remote_present && checkout_staged_file 3 "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
 
     if test -z "$local_mode" -o -z "$remote_mode"; then
 	echo "Deleted merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
@@ -176,98 +169,26 @@ merge_file () {
     echo "Normal merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
     describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
     describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
-    printf "Hit return to start merge resolution tool (%s): " "$merge_tool"
-    read ans
-
-    case "$merge_tool" in
-	kdiff3)
-	    if base_present ; then
-		("$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Base)" --L2 "$MERGED (Local)" --L3 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
-		    -o "$MERGED" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" > /dev/null 2>&1)
-	    else
-		("$merge_tool_path" --auto --L1 "$MERGED (Local)" --L2 "$MERGED (Remote)" \
-		    -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" > /dev/null 2>&1)
-	    fi
-	    status=$?
-	    ;;
-	tkdiff)
-	    if base_present ; then
-		"$merge_tool_path" -a "$BASE" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-	    else
-		"$merge_tool_path" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-	    fi
-	    status=$?
-	    ;;
-	meld|vimdiff)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    "$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
-	    check_unchanged
-	    ;;
-	gvimdiff)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    "$merge_tool_path" -f "$LOCAL" "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
-	    check_unchanged
-	    ;;
-	xxdiff)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    if base_present ; then
-		"$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
-		    -R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
-		    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$BASE" "$REMOTE"
-	    else
-		"$merge_tool_path" -X --show-merged-pane \
-		    -R 'Accel.SaveAsMerged: "Ctrl-S"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.Search: "Ctrl+F"' \
-		    -R 'Accel.SearchForward: "Ctrl-G"' \
-		    --merged-file "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
-	    fi
-	    check_unchanged
-	    ;;
-	opendiff)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    if base_present; then
-		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -ancestor "$BASE" -merge "$MERGED" | cat
-	    else
-		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -merge "$MERGED" | cat
-	    fi
-	    check_unchanged
-	    ;;
-	ecmerge)
-	    touch "$BACKUP"
-	    if base_present; then
-		"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" --default --mode=merge3 --to="$MERGED"
-	    else
-		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" --default --mode=merge2 --to="$MERGED"
-	    fi
-	    check_unchanged
-	    ;;
-	emerge)
-	    if base_present ; then
-		"$merge_tool_path" -f emerge-files-with-ancestor-command "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$(basename "$MERGED")"
-	    else
-		"$merge_tool_path" -f emerge-files-command "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$(basename "$MERGED")"
-	    fi
-	    status=$?
-	    ;;
-	*)
-	    if test -n "$merge_tool_cmd"; then
-		if test "$merge_tool_trust_exit_code" = "false"; then
-		    touch "$BACKUP"
-		    ( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
-		    check_unchanged
-		else
-		    ( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
-		    status=$?
-		fi
-	    fi
-	    ;;
-    esac
-    if test "$status" -ne 0; then
+    if "$prompt" = true; then
+	printf "Hit return to start merge resolution tool (%s): " "$merge_tool"
+	read ans
+    fi
+
+    if base_present; then
+	    present=true
+    else
+	    present=false
+    fi
+
+    if ! run_merge_tool "$merge_tool" "$present"; then
 	echo "merge of $MERGED failed" 1>&2
 	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
-	exit 1
+
+	if test "$merge_keep_temporaries" = "false"; then
+	    cleanup_temp_files
+	fi
+
+	return 1
     fi
 
     if test "$merge_keep_backup" = "true"; then
@@ -278,15 +199,18 @@ merge_file () {
 
     git add -- "$MERGED"
     cleanup_temp_files
+    return 0
 }
 
+prompt=$(git config --bool mergetool.prompt || echo true)
+
 while test $# != 0
 do
     case "$1" in
 	-t|--tool*)
 	    case "$#,$1" in
 		*,*=*)
-		    merge_tool=`expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
+		    merge_tool=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
 		    ;;
 		1,*)
 		    usage ;;
@@ -295,7 +219,14 @@ do
 		    shift ;;
 	    esac
 	    ;;
+	-y|--no-prompt)
+	    prompt=false
+	    ;;
+	--prompt)
+	    prompt=true
+	    ;;
 	--)
+	    shift
 	    break
 	    ;;
 	-*)
@@ -308,118 +239,67 @@ do
     shift
 done
 
-valid_custom_tool()
-{
-    merge_tool_cmd="$(git config mergetool.$1.cmd)"
-    test -n "$merge_tool_cmd"
-}
+prompt_after_failed_merge() {
+    while true; do
+	printf "Continue merging other unresolved paths (y/n) ? "
+	read ans
+	case "$ans" in
 
-valid_tool() {
-	case "$1" in
-		kdiff3 | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | opendiff | emerge | vimdiff | gvimdiff | ecmerge)
-			;; # happy
-		*)
-			if ! valid_custom_tool "$1"; then
-				return 1
-			fi
-			;;
-	esac
-}
+	    [yY]*)
+		return 0
+		;;
 
-init_merge_tool_path() {
-	merge_tool_path=`git config mergetool.$1.path`
-	if test -z "$merge_tool_path" ; then
-		case "$1" in
-			emerge)
-				merge_tool_path=emacs
-				;;
-			*)
-				merge_tool_path=$1
-				;;
-		esac
-	fi
+	    [nN]*)
+		return 1
+		;;
+	esac
+    done
 }
 
-
 if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
-    merge_tool=`git config merge.tool`
-    if test -n "$merge_tool" && ! valid_tool "$merge_tool"; then
-	    echo >&2 "git config option merge.tool set to unknown tool: $merge_tool"
-	    echo >&2 "Resetting to default..."
-	    unset merge_tool
-    fi
-fi
-
-if test -z "$merge_tool" ; then
-    if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-        merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld gvimdiff"
-        if test -n "$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" ; then
-            merge_tool_candidates="meld $merge_tool_candidates"
-        fi
-        if test "$KDE_FULL_SESSION" = "true"; then
-            merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 $merge_tool_candidates"
-        fi
-    fi
-    if echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'emacs' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-        merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates emerge"
-    fi
-    if echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'vim' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-        merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates vimdiff"
-    fi
-    merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates opendiff emerge vimdiff"
-    echo "merge tool candidates: $merge_tool_candidates"
-    for i in $merge_tool_candidates; do
-        init_merge_tool_path $i
-        if type "$merge_tool_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-            merge_tool=$i
-            break
-        fi
-    done
-    if test -z "$merge_tool" ; then
-	echo "No known merge resolution program available."
-	exit 1
-    fi
-else
-    if ! valid_tool "$merge_tool"; then
-        echo >&2 "Unknown merge_tool $merge_tool"
-        exit 1
-    fi
-
-    init_merge_tool_path "$merge_tool"
-
-    merge_keep_backup="$(git config --bool merge.keepBackup || echo true)"
-
-    if test -z "$merge_tool_cmd" && ! type "$merge_tool_path" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-        echo "The merge tool $merge_tool is not available as '$merge_tool_path'"
-        exit 1
-    fi
-
-    if ! test -z "$merge_tool_cmd"; then
-        merge_tool_trust_exit_code="$(git config --bool mergetool.$merge_tool.trustExitCode || echo false)"
-    fi
+    merge_tool=$(get_merge_tool "$merge_tool") || exit
 fi
+merge_keep_backup="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepBackup || echo true)"
+merge_keep_temporaries="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepTemporaries || echo false)"
 
+last_status=0
+rollup_status=0
 
 if test $# -eq 0 ; then
-	files=`git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u`
-	if test -z "$files" ; then
-		echo "No files need merging"
-		exit 0
+    files=$(git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
+    if test -z "$files" ; then
+	echo "No files need merging"
+	exit 0
+    fi
+    echo Merging the files: "$files"
+    git ls-files -u |
+    sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' |
+    sort -u |
+    while IFS= read i
+    do
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    prompt_after_failed_merge < /dev/tty || exit 1
 	fi
-	echo Merging the files: "$files"
-	git ls-files -u |
-	sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' |
-	sort -u |
-	while IFS= read i
-	do
-		printf "\n"
-		merge_file "$i" < /dev/tty > /dev/tty
-	done
+	printf "\n"
+	merge_file "$i" < /dev/tty > /dev/tty
+	last_status=$?
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    rollup_status=1
+	fi
+    done
 else
-	while test $# -gt 0; do
-		printf "\n"
-		merge_file "$1"
-		shift
-	done
+    while test $# -gt 0; do
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    prompt_after_failed_merge || exit 1
+	fi
+	printf "\n"
+	merge_file "$1"
+	last_status=$?
+	if test $last_status -ne 0; then
+	    rollup_status=1
+	fi
+	shift
+    done
 fi
-exit 0
+
+exit $rollup_status
diff --git a/git-notes.sh b/git-notes.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e642e47d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-notes.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+USAGE="(edit [-F <file> | -m <msg>] | show) [commit]"
+. git-sh-setup
+
+test -z "$1" && usage
+ACTION="$1"; shift
+
+test -z "$GIT_NOTES_REF" && GIT_NOTES_REF="$(git config core.notesref)"
+test -z "$GIT_NOTES_REF" && GIT_NOTES_REF="refs/notes/commits"
+
+MESSAGE=
+while test $# != 0
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-m)
+		test "$ACTION" = "edit" || usage
+		shift
+		if test "$#" = "0"; then
+			die "error: option -m needs an argument"
+		else
+			if [ -z "$MESSAGE" ]; then
+				MESSAGE="$1"
+			else
+				MESSAGE="$MESSAGE
+
+$1"
+			fi
+			shift
+		fi
+		;;
+	-F)
+		test "$ACTION" = "edit" || usage
+		shift
+		if test "$#" = "0"; then
+			die "error: option -F needs an argument"
+		else
+			if [ -z "$MESSAGE" ]; then
+				MESSAGE="$(cat "$1")"
+			else
+				MESSAGE="$MESSAGE
+
+$(cat "$1")"
+			fi
+			shift
+		fi
+		;;
+	-*)
+		usage
+		;;
+	*)
+		break
+		;;
+	esac
+done
+
+COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --verify --default HEAD "$@") ||
+die "Invalid commit: $@"
+
+case "$ACTION" in
+edit)
+	if [ "${GIT_NOTES_REF#refs/notes/}" = "$GIT_NOTES_REF" ]; then
+		die "Refusing to edit notes in $GIT_NOTES_REF (outside of refs/notes/)"
+	fi
+
+	MSG_FILE="$GIT_DIR/new-notes-$COMMIT"
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE="$MSG_FILE.idx"
+	export GIT_INDEX_FILE
+
+	trap '
+		test -f "$MSG_FILE" && rm "$MSG_FILE"
+		test -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE" && rm "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
+	' 0
+
+	CURRENT_HEAD=$(git show-ref "$GIT_NOTES_REF" | cut -f 1 -d ' ')
+	if [ -z "$CURRENT_HEAD" ]; then
+		PARENT=
+	else
+		PARENT="-p $CURRENT_HEAD"
+		git read-tree "$GIT_NOTES_REF" || die "Could not read index"
+	fi
+
+	if [ -z "$MESSAGE" ]; then
+		GIT_NOTES_REF= git log -1 $COMMIT | sed "s/^/#/" > "$MSG_FILE"
+		if [ ! -z "$CURRENT_HEAD" ]; then
+			git cat-file blob :$COMMIT >> "$MSG_FILE" 2> /dev/null
+		fi
+		core_editor="$(git config core.editor)"
+		${GIT_EDITOR:-${core_editor:-${VISUAL:-${EDITOR:-vi}}}} "$MSG_FILE"
+	else
+		echo "$MESSAGE" > "$MSG_FILE"
+	fi
+
+	grep -v ^# < "$MSG_FILE" | git stripspace > "$MSG_FILE".processed
+	mv "$MSG_FILE".processed "$MSG_FILE"
+	if [ -s "$MSG_FILE" ]; then
+		BLOB=$(git hash-object -w "$MSG_FILE") ||
+			die "Could not write into object database"
+		git update-index --add --cacheinfo 0644 $BLOB $COMMIT ||
+			die "Could not write index"
+	else
+		test -z "$CURRENT_HEAD" &&
+			die "Will not initialise with empty tree"
+		git update-index --force-remove $COMMIT ||
+			die "Could not update index"
+	fi
+
+	TREE=$(git write-tree) || die "Could not write tree"
+	NEW_HEAD=$(echo Annotate $COMMIT | git commit-tree $TREE $PARENT) ||
+		die "Could not annotate"
+	git update-ref -m "Annotate $COMMIT" \
+		"$GIT_NOTES_REF" $NEW_HEAD $CURRENT_HEAD
+;;
+show)
+	git rev-parse -q --verify "$GIT_NOTES_REF":$COMMIT > /dev/null ||
+		die "No note for commit $COMMIT."
+	git show "$GIT_NOTES_REF":$COMMIT
+;;
+*)
+	usage
+esac
diff --git a/git-parse-remote.sh b/git-parse-remote.sh
index 695a4094b..5f47b1814 100755
--- a/git-parse-remote.sh
+++ b/git-parse-remote.sh
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 # git-ls-remote could be called from outside a git managed repository;
 # this would fail in that case and would issue an error message.
-GIT_DIR=$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null) || :;
+GIT_DIR=$(git rev-parse -q --git-dir) || :;
 
 get_data_source () {
 	case "$1" in
@@ -60,205 +60,36 @@ get_default_remote () {
 	echo ${origin:-origin}
 }
 
-get_remote_default_refs_for_push () {
-	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
-	case "$data_source" in
-	'' | branches | self)
-		;; # no default push mapping, just send matching refs.
-	config)
-		git config --get-all "remote.$1.push" ;;
-	remotes)
-		sed -ne '/^Push: */{
-			s///p
-		}' "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1" ;;
-	*)
-		die "internal error: get-remote-default-ref-for-push $1" ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-# Called from canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$remote", which
-# is called from get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch to grok
-# refspecs that are retrieved from the configuration, but not
-# from get_remote_refs_for_fetch when it deals with refspecs
-# supplied on the command line.  $ls_remote_result has the list
-# of refs available at remote.
-#
-# The first token returned is either "explicit" or "glob"; this
-# is to help prevent randomly "globbed" ref from being chosen as
-# a merge candidate
-expand_refs_wildcard () {
-	echo "$ls_remote_result" |
-	git fetch--tool expand-refs-wildcard "-" "$@"
-}
-
-# Subroutine to canonicalize remote:local notation.
-canon_refs_list_for_fetch () {
-	# If called from get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch
-	# leave the branches in branch.${curr_branch}.merge alone,
-	# or the first one otherwise; add prefix . to the rest
-	# to prevent the secondary branches to be merged by default.
-	merge_branches=
-	curr_branch=
-	if test "$1" = "-d"
-	then
-		shift ; remote="$1" ; shift
-		set $(expand_refs_wildcard "$remote" "$@")
-		is_explicit="$1"
-		shift
-		if test "$remote" = "$(get_default_remote)"
-		then
-			curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD | \
-			    sed -e 's|^refs/heads/||')
-			merge_branches=$(git config \
-			    --get-all "branch.${curr_branch}.merge")
-		fi
-		if test -z "$merge_branches" && test $is_explicit != explicit
-		then
-			merge_branches=..this.will.never.match.any.ref..
-		fi
-	fi
-	for ref
-	do
-		force=
-		case "$ref" in
-		+*)
-			ref=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z+\(.*\)')
-			force=+
-			;;
-		esac
-		expr "z$ref" : 'z.*:' >/dev/null || ref="${ref}:"
-		remote=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z\([^:]*\):')
-		local=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z[^:]*:\(.*\)')
-		dot_prefix=.
-		if test -z "$merge_branches"
-		then
-			merge_branches=$remote
-			dot_prefix=
-		else
-			for merge_branch in $merge_branches
-			do
-			    [ "$remote" = "$merge_branch" ] &&
-			    dot_prefix= && break
-			done
-		fi
-		case "$remote" in
-		'' | HEAD ) remote=HEAD ;;
-		refs/*) ;;
-		heads/* | tags/* | remotes/* ) remote="refs/$remote" ;;
-		*) remote="refs/heads/$remote" ;;
-		esac
-		case "$local" in
-		'') local= ;;
-		refs/*) ;;
-		heads/* | tags/* | remotes/* ) local="refs/$local" ;;
-		*) local="refs/heads/$local" ;;
-		esac
-
-		if local_ref_name=$(expr "z$local" : 'zrefs/\(.*\)')
-		then
-		   git check-ref-format "$local_ref_name" ||
-		   die "* refusing to create funny ref '$local_ref_name' locally"
-		fi
-		echo "${dot_prefix}${force}${remote}:${local}"
-	done
-}
-
-# Returns list of src: (no store), or src:dst (store)
-get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch () {
-	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
-	case "$data_source" in
-	'')
-		echo "HEAD:" ;;
-	self)
-	        canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" \
-			$(git for-each-ref --format='%(refname):')
-		;;
-	config)
-		canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" \
-			$(git config --get-all "remote.$1.fetch") ;;
-	branches)
-		remote_branch=$(sed -ne '/#/s/.*#//p' "$GIT_DIR/branches/$1")
-		case "$remote_branch" in '') remote_branch=master ;; esac
-		echo "refs/heads/${remote_branch}:refs/heads/$1"
-		;;
-	remotes)
-		canon_refs_list_for_fetch -d "$1" $(sed -ne '/^Pull: */{
-						s///p
-					}' "$GIT_DIR/remotes/$1")
-		;;
-	*)
-		die "internal error: get-remote-default-ref-for-fetch $1" ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-get_remote_refs_for_push () {
+get_remote_merge_branch () {
 	case "$#" in
-	0) die "internal error: get-remote-refs-for-push." ;;
-	1) get_remote_default_refs_for_push "$@" ;;
-	*) shift; echo "$@" ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-get_remote_refs_for_fetch () {
-	case "$#" in
-	0)
-	    die "internal error: get-remote-refs-for-fetch." ;;
-	1)
-	    get_remote_default_refs_for_fetch "$@" ;;
-	*)
-	    shift
-	    tag_just_seen=
-	    for ref
-	    do
-		if test "$tag_just_seen"
-		then
-		    echo "refs/tags/${ref}:refs/tags/${ref}"
-		    tag_just_seen=
-		    continue
-		else
-		    case "$ref" in
-		    tag)
-			tag_just_seen=yes
-			continue
-			;;
-		    esac
-		fi
-		canon_refs_list_for_fetch "$ref"
-	    done
+	0|1)
+	    origin="$1"
+	    default=$(get_default_remote)
+	    test -z "$origin" && origin=$default
+	    curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+	    [ "$origin" = "$default" ] &&
+	    echo $(git for-each-ref --format='%(upstream)' $curr_branch)
 	    ;;
-	esac
-}
-
-resolve_alternates () {
-	# original URL (xxx.git)
-	top_=`expr "z$1" : 'z\([^:]*:/*[^/]*\)/'`
-	while read path
-	do
-		case "$path" in
-		\#* | '')
-			continue ;;
-		/*)
-			echo "$top_$path/" ;;
-		../*)
-			# relative -- ugly but seems to work.
-			echo "$1/objects/$path/" ;;
-		*)
-			# exit code may not be caught by the reader.
-			echo "bad alternate: $path"
-			exit 1 ;;
-		esac
-	done
-}
-
-get_uploadpack () {
-	data_source=$(get_data_source "$1")
-	case "$data_source" in
-	config)
-		uplp=$(git config --get "remote.$1.uploadpack")
-		echo ${uplp:-git-upload-pack}
-		;;
 	*)
-		echo "git-upload-pack"
+	    repo=$1
+	    shift
+	    ref=$1
+	    # FIXME: It should return the tracking branch
+	    #        Currently only works with the default mapping
+	    case "$ref" in
+	    +*)
+		ref=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z+\(.*\)')
 		;;
+	    esac
+	    expr "z$ref" : 'z.*:' >/dev/null || ref="${ref}:"
+	    remote=$(expr "z$ref" : 'z\([^:]*\):')
+	    case "$remote" in
+	    '' | HEAD ) remote=HEAD ;;
+	    heads/*) remote=${remote#heads/} ;;
+	    refs/heads/*) remote=${remote#refs/heads/} ;;
+	    refs/* | tags/* | remotes/* ) remote=
+	    esac
+
+	    [ -n "$remote" ] && echo "refs/remotes/$repo/$remote"
 	esac
 }
diff --git a/git-pull.sh b/git-pull.sh
index 1cac898a2..9e69ada41 100755
--- a/git-pull.sh
+++ b/git-pull.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ cd_to_toplevel
 test -z "$(git ls-files -u)" ||
 	die "You are in the middle of a conflicted merge."
 
-strategy_args= no_stat= no_commit= squash= no_ff= log_arg= verbosity=
+strategy_args= diffstat= no_commit= squash= no_ff= ff_only=
+log_arg= verbosity=
 curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
 curr_branch_short=$(echo "$curr_branch" | sed "s|refs/heads/||")
 rebase=$(git config --bool branch.$curr_branch_short.rebase)
@@ -28,9 +29,9 @@ do
 	-v|--verbose)
 		verbosity="$verbosity -v" ;;
 	-n|--no-stat|--no-summary)
-		no_stat=-n ;;
+		diffstat=--no-stat ;;
 	--stat|--summary)
-		no_stat=$1 ;;
+		diffstat=--stat ;;
 	--log|--no-log)
 		log_arg=$1 ;;
 	--no-c|--no-co|--no-com|--no-comm|--no-commi|--no-commit)
@@ -45,6 +46,8 @@ do
 		no_ff=--ff ;;
 	--no-ff)
 		no_ff=--no-ff ;;
+	--ff-only)
+		ff_only=--ff-only ;;
 	-s=*|--s=*|--st=*|--str=*|--stra=*|--strat=*|--strate=*|\
 		--strateg=*|--strategy=*|\
 	-s|--s|--st|--str|--stra|--strat|--strate|--strateg|--strategy)
@@ -88,46 +91,98 @@ error_on_no_merge_candidates () {
 		esac
 	done
 
-	curr_branch=${curr_branch#refs/heads/}
+	if test true = "$rebase"
+	then
+		op_type=rebase
+		op_prep=against
+	else
+		op_type=merge
+		op_prep=with
+	fi
 
-	echo "You asked me to pull without telling me which branch you"
-	echo "want to merge with, and 'branch.${curr_branch}.merge' in"
-	echo "your configuration file does not tell me either.  Please"
-	echo "name which branch you want to merge on the command line and"
-	echo "try again (e.g. 'git pull <repository> <refspec>')."
-	echo "See git-pull(1) for details on the refspec."
-	echo
-	echo "If you often merge with the same branch, you may want to"
-	echo "configure the following variables in your configuration"
-	echo "file:"
-	echo
-	echo "    branch.${curr_branch}.remote = <nickname>"
-	echo "    branch.${curr_branch}.merge = <remote-ref>"
-	echo "    remote.<nickname>.url = <url>"
-	echo "    remote.<nickname>.fetch = <refspec>"
-	echo
-	echo "See git-config(1) for details."
+	curr_branch=${curr_branch#refs/heads/}
+	upstream=$(git config "branch.$curr_branch.merge")
+	remote=$(git config "branch.$curr_branch.remote")
+
+	if [ $# -gt 1 ]; then
+		if [ "$rebase" = true ]; then
+			printf "There is no candidate for rebasing against "
+		else
+			printf "There are no candidates for merging "
+		fi
+		echo "among the refs that you just fetched."
+		echo "Generally this means that you provided a wildcard refspec which had no"
+		echo "matches on the remote end."
+	elif [ $# -gt 0 ] && [ "$1" != "$remote" ]; then
+		echo "You asked to pull from the remote '$1', but did not specify"
+		echo "a branch. Because this is not the default configured remote"
+		echo "for your current branch, you must specify a branch on the command line."
+	elif [ -z "$curr_branch" ]; then
+		echo "You are not currently on a branch, so I cannot use any"
+		echo "'branch.<branchname>.merge' in your configuration file."
+		echo "Please specify which remote branch you want to use on the command"
+		echo "line and try again (e.g. 'git pull <repository> <refspec>')."
+		echo "See git-pull(1) for details."
+	elif [ -z "$upstream" ]; then
+		echo "You asked me to pull without telling me which branch you"
+		echo "want to $op_type $op_prep, and 'branch.${curr_branch}.merge' in"
+		echo "your configuration file does not tell me, either. Please"
+		echo "specify which branch you want to use on the command line and"
+		echo "try again (e.g. 'git pull <repository> <refspec>')."
+		echo "See git-pull(1) for details."
+		echo
+		echo "If you often $op_type $op_prep the same branch, you may want to"
+		echo "use something like the following in your configuration file:"
+		echo
+		echo "    [branch \"${curr_branch}\"]"
+		echo "    remote = <nickname>"
+		echo "    merge = <remote-ref>"
+		test rebase = "$op_type" &&
+			echo "    rebase = true"
+		echo
+		echo "    [remote \"<nickname>\"]"
+		echo "    url = <url>"
+		echo "    fetch = <refspec>"
+		echo
+		echo "See git-config(1) for details."
+	else
+		echo "Your configuration specifies to $op_type $op_prep the ref '${upstream#refs/heads/}'"
+		echo "from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
+	fi
 	exit 1
 }
 
 test true = "$rebase" && {
-	git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
-	git diff-files --ignore-submodules --quiet &&
-	git diff-index --ignore-submodules --cached --quiet HEAD -- ||
-	die "refusing to pull with rebase: your working tree is not up-to-date"
-
+	if ! git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD >/dev/null
+	then
+		# On an unborn branch
+		if test -f "$GIT_DIR/index"
+		then
+			die "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+		fi
+	else
+		git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
+		git diff-files --ignore-submodules --quiet &&
+		git diff-index --ignore-submodules --cached --quiet HEAD -- ||
+		die "refusing to pull with rebase: your working tree is not up-to-date"
+	fi
+	oldremoteref= &&
 	. git-parse-remote &&
-	origin="$1"
-	test -z "$origin" && origin=$(get_default_remote)
-	reflist="$(get_remote_refs_for_fetch "$@" 2>/dev/null |
-		sed "s|refs/heads/\(.*\):|\1|")" &&
-	oldremoteref="$(git rev-parse --verify \
-		"refs/remotes/$origin/$reflist" 2>/dev/null)"
+	remoteref="$(get_remote_merge_branch "$@" 2>/dev/null)" &&
+	oldremoteref="$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$remoteref")" &&
+	for reflog in $(git rev-list -g $remoteref 2>/dev/null)
+	do
+		if test "$reflog" = "$(git merge-base $reflog $curr_branch)"
+		then
+			oldremoteref="$reflog"
+			break
+		fi
+	done
 }
-orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
+orig_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
 git fetch $verbosity --update-head-ok "$@" || exit 1
 
-curr_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null)
+curr_head=$(git rev-parse -q --verify HEAD)
 if test -n "$orig_head" && test "$curr_head" != "$orig_head"
 then
 	# The fetch involved updating the current branch.
@@ -137,9 +192,9 @@ then
 	# First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
 
 	echo >&2 "Warning: fetch updated the current branch head."
-	echo >&2 "Warning: fast forwarding your working tree from"
+	echo >&2 "Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from"
 	echo >&2 "Warning: commit $orig_head."
-	git update-index --refresh 2>/dev/null
+	git update-index -q --refresh
 	git read-tree -u -m "$orig_head" "$curr_head" ||
 		die 'Cannot fast-forward your working tree.
 After making sure that you saved anything precious from
@@ -156,20 +211,16 @@ merge_head=$(sed -e '/	not-for-merge	/d' \
 
 case "$merge_head" in
 '')
-	case $? in
-	0) error_on_no_merge_candidates "$@";;
-	1) echo >&2 "You are not currently on a branch; you must explicitly"
-	   echo >&2 "specify which branch you wish to merge:"
-	   echo >&2 "  git pull <remote> <branch>"
-	   exit 1;;
-	*) exit $?;;
-	esac
+	error_on_no_merge_candidates "$@"
 	;;
 ?*' '?*)
 	if test -z "$orig_head"
 	then
-		echo >&2 "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
-		exit 1
+		die "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+	fi
+	if test true = "$rebase"
+	then
+		die "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
 	fi
 	;;
 esac
@@ -183,7 +234,7 @@ fi
 
 merge_name=$(git fmt-merge-msg $log_arg <"$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD") || exit
 test true = "$rebase" &&
-	exec git-rebase $strategy_args --onto $merge_head \
+	exec git-rebase $diffstat $strategy_args --onto $merge_head \
 	${oldremoteref:-$merge_head}
-exec git-merge $no_stat $no_commit $squash $no_ff $log_arg $strategy_args \
+exec git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $squash $no_ff $ff_only $log_arg $strategy_args \
 	"$merge_name" HEAD $merge_head $verbosity
diff --git a/git-quiltimport.sh b/git-quiltimport.sh
index cebaee1cc..9a6ba2b98 100755
--- a/git-quiltimport.sh
+++ b/git-quiltimport.sh
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ tmp_info="$tmp_dir/info"
 commit=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
 
 mkdir $tmp_dir || exit 2
-while read patch_name level garbage
+while read patch_name level garbage <&3
 do
 	case "$patch_name" in ''|'#'*) continue;; esac
 	case "$level" in
@@ -134,5 +134,5 @@ do
 		commit=$( (echo "$SUBJECT"; echo; cat "$tmp_msg") | git commit-tree $tree -p $commit) &&
 		git update-ref -m "quiltimport: $patch_name" HEAD $commit || exit 4
 	fi
-done <"$QUILT_PATCHES/series"
+done 3<"$QUILT_PATCHES/series"
 rm -rf $tmp_dir || exit 5
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index 1172e4757..6ed57e266 100755
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ continue           continue rebasing process
 abort              abort rebasing process and restore original branch
 skip               skip current patch and continue rebasing process
 no-verify          override pre-rebase hook from stopping the operation
+root               rebase all reachable commmits up to the root(s)
 "
 
 . git-sh-setup
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ STRATEGY=
 ONTO=
 VERBOSE=
 OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE=
+REBASE_ROOT=
 
 GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP="  After resolving the conflicts,
 mark the corrected paths with 'git add <paths>', and
@@ -104,8 +106,8 @@ mark_action_done () {
 	sed -e 1q < "$TODO" >> "$DONE"
 	sed -e 1d < "$TODO" >> "$TODO".new
 	mv -f "$TODO".new "$TODO"
-	count=$(grep -c '^[^#]' < "$DONE")
-	total=$(($count+$(grep -c '^[^#]' < "$TODO")))
+	count=$(sane_grep -c '^[^#]' < "$DONE")
+	total=$(($count+$(sane_grep -c '^[^#]' < "$TODO")))
 	if test "$last_count" != "$count"
 	then
 		last_count=$count
@@ -115,9 +117,18 @@ mark_action_done () {
 }
 
 make_patch () {
-	parent_sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1"^) ||
-		die "Cannot get patch for $1^"
-	git diff-tree -p "$parent_sha1".."$1" > "$DOTEST"/patch
+	sha1_and_parents="$(git rev-list --parents -1 "$1")"
+	case "$sha1_and_parents" in
+	?*' '?*' '?*)
+		git diff --cc $sha1_and_parents
+		;;
+	?*' '?*)
+		git diff-tree -p "$1^!"
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "Root commit"
+		;;
+	esac > "$DOTEST"/patch
 	test -f "$DOTEST"/message ||
 		git cat-file commit "$1" | sed "1,/^$/d" > "$DOTEST"/message
 	test -f "$DOTEST"/author-script ||
@@ -136,7 +147,7 @@ die_abort () {
 }
 
 has_action () {
-	grep '^[^#]' "$1" >/dev/null
+	sane_grep '^[^#]' "$1" >/dev/null
 }
 
 pick_one () {
@@ -145,6 +156,11 @@ pick_one () {
 	output git rev-parse --verify $sha1 || die "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
 	test -d "$REWRITTEN" &&
 		pick_one_preserving_merges "$@" && return
+	if test ! -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+	then
+		output git cherry-pick "$@"
+		return
+	fi
 	parent_sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify $sha1^) ||
 		die "Could not get the parent of $sha1"
 	current_sha1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
@@ -152,7 +168,7 @@ pick_one () {
 		output git reset --hard $sha1
 		test "a$1" = a-n && output git reset --soft $current_sha1
 		sha1=$(git rev-parse --short $sha1)
-		output warn Fast forward to $sha1
+		output warn Fast-forward to $sha1
 	else
 		output git cherry-pick "$@"
 	fi
@@ -188,7 +204,11 @@ pick_one_preserving_merges () {
 
 	# rewrite parents; if none were rewritten, we can fast-forward.
 	new_parents=
-	pend=" $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -f2-)"
+	pend=" $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)"
+	if test "$pend" = " "
+	then
+		pend=" root"
+	fi
 	while [ "$pend" != "" ]
 	do
 		p=$(expr "$pend" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
@@ -218,7 +238,9 @@ pick_one_preserving_merges () {
 			if test -f "$DROPPED"/$p
 			then
 				fast_forward=f
-				pend=" $(cat "$DROPPED"/$p)$pend"
+				replacement="$(cat "$DROPPED"/$p)"
+				test -z "$replacement" && replacement=root
+				pend=" $replacement$pend"
 			else
 				new_parents="$new_parents $p"
 			fi
@@ -226,9 +248,9 @@ pick_one_preserving_merges () {
 	done
 	case $fast_forward in
 	t)
-		output warn "Fast forward to $sha1"
+		output warn "Fast-forward to $sha1"
 		output git reset --hard $sha1 ||
-			die "Cannot fast forward to $sha1"
+			die "Cannot fast-forward to $sha1"
 		;;
 	f)
 		first_parent=$(expr "$new_parents" : ' \([^ ]*\)')
@@ -256,9 +278,8 @@ pick_one_preserving_merges () {
 				output git merge $STRATEGY -m "$msg" \
 					$new_parents
 			then
-				git rerere
 				printf "%s\n" "$msg" > "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
-				die Error redoing merge $sha1
+				die_with_patch $sha1 "Error redoing merge $sha1"
 			fi
 			;;
 		*)
@@ -301,7 +322,7 @@ make_squash_message () {
 }
 
 peek_next_command () {
-	sed -n "1s/ .*$//p" < "$TODO"
+	sed -n -e "/^#/d" -e "/^$/d" -e "s/ .*//p" -e "q" < "$TODO"
 }
 
 do_next () {
@@ -319,6 +340,14 @@ do_next () {
 		pick_one $sha1 ||
 			die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
 		;;
+	reword|r)
+		comment_for_reflog reword
+
+		mark_action_done
+		pick_one $sha1 ||
+			die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+		git commit --amend
+		;;
 	edit|e)
 		comment_for_reflog edit
 
@@ -341,7 +370,7 @@ do_next () {
 	squash|s)
 		comment_for_reflog squash
 
-		has_action "$DONE" ||
+		test -f "$DONE" && has_action "$DONE" ||
 			die "Cannot 'squash' without a previous commit"
 
 		mark_action_done
@@ -352,17 +381,15 @@ do_next () {
 		pick_one -n $sha1 || failed=t
 		case "$(peek_next_command)" in
 		squash|s)
-			EDIT_COMMIT=
 			USE_OUTPUT=output
 			MSG_OPT=-F
-			MSG_FILE="$MSG"
+			EDIT_OR_FILE="$MSG"
 			cp "$MSG" "$SQUASH_MSG"
 			;;
 		*)
-			EDIT_COMMIT=-e
 			USE_OUTPUT=
 			MSG_OPT=
-			MSG_FILE=
+			EDIT_OR_FILE=-e
 			rm -f "$SQUASH_MSG" || exit
 			cp "$MSG" "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG
 			rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG || exit
@@ -376,7 +403,8 @@ do_next () {
 			GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" \
 			GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" \
 			GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" \
-			$USE_OUTPUT git commit --no-verify $MSG_OPT "$MSG_FILE" $EDIT_COMMIT || failed=t
+			$USE_OUTPUT git commit --no-verify \
+				$MSG_OPT "$EDIT_OR_FILE" || failed=t
 		fi
 		if test $failed = t
 		then
@@ -388,7 +416,12 @@ do_next () {
 		;;
 	*)
 		warn "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
-		die_with_patch $sha1 "Please fix this in the file $TODO."
+		if git rev-parse --verify -q "$sha1" >/dev/null
+		then
+			die_with_patch $sha1 "Please fix this in the file $TODO."
+		else
+			die "Please fix this in the file $TODO."
+		fi
 		;;
 	esac
 	test -s "$TODO" && return
@@ -400,7 +433,7 @@ do_next () {
 	NEWHEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	case $HEADNAME in
 	refs/*)
-		message="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $HEADNAME onto $SHORTONTO)" &&
+		message="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $HEADNAME onto $SHORTONTO" &&
 		git update-ref -m "$message" $HEADNAME $NEWHEAD $OLDHEAD &&
 		git symbolic-ref HEAD $HEADNAME
 		;;
@@ -422,6 +455,30 @@ do_rest () {
 	done
 }
 
+# skip picking commits whose parents are unchanged
+skip_unnecessary_picks () {
+	fd=3
+	while read command sha1 rest
+	do
+		# fd=3 means we skip the command
+		case "$fd,$command,$(git rev-parse --verify --quiet $sha1^)" in
+		3,pick,"$ONTO"*|3,p,"$ONTO"*)
+			# pick a commit whose parent is current $ONTO -> skip
+			ONTO=$sha1
+			;;
+		3,#*|3,,*)
+			# copy comments
+			;;
+		*)
+			fd=1
+			;;
+		esac
+		echo "$command${sha1:+ }$sha1${rest:+ }$rest" >&$fd
+	done <"$TODO" >"$TODO.new" 3>>"$DONE" &&
+	mv -f "$TODO".new "$TODO" ||
+	die "Could not skip unnecessary pick commands"
+}
+
 # check if no other options are set
 is_standalone () {
 	test $# -eq 2 -a "$2" = '--' &&
@@ -435,6 +492,7 @@ get_saved_options () {
 	test -d "$REWRITTEN" && PRESERVE_MERGES=t
 	test -f "$DOTEST"/strategy && STRATEGY="$(cat "$DOTEST"/strategy)"
 	test -f "$DOTEST"/verbose && VERBOSE=t
+	test -f "$DOTEST"/rebase-root && REBASE_ROOT=t
 }
 
 while test $# != 0
@@ -539,6 +597,9 @@ first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 	-i)
 		# yeah, we know
 		;;
+	--root)
+		REBASE_ROOT=t
+		;;
 	--onto)
 		shift
 		ONTO=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") ||
@@ -546,27 +607,38 @@ first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 		;;
 	--)
 		shift
-		run_pre_rebase_hook ${1+"$@"}
-		test $# -eq 1 -o $# -eq 2 || usage
+		test -z "$REBASE_ROOT" -a $# -ge 1 -a $# -le 2 ||
+		test ! -z "$REBASE_ROOT" -a $# -le 1 || usage
 		test -d "$DOTEST" &&
 			die "Interactive rebase already started"
 
 		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null ||
 			die "You need to set your committer info first"
 
+		if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+		then
+			UPSTREAM_ARG="$1"
+			UPSTREAM=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") || die "Invalid base"
+			test -z "$ONTO" && ONTO=$UPSTREAM
+			shift
+		else
+			UPSTREAM=
+			UPSTREAM_ARG=--root
+			test -z "$ONTO" &&
+				die "You must specify --onto when using --root"
+		fi
+		run_pre_rebase_hook "$UPSTREAM_ARG" "$@"
+
 		comment_for_reflog start
 
 		require_clean_work_tree
 
-		UPSTREAM=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") || die "Invalid base"
-		test -z "$ONTO" && ONTO=$UPSTREAM
-
-		if test ! -z "$2"
+		if test ! -z "$1"
 		then
-			output git show-ref --verify --quiet "refs/heads/$2" ||
-				die "Invalid branchname: $2"
-			output git checkout "$2" ||
-				die "Could not checkout $2"
+			output git show-ref --verify --quiet "refs/heads/$1" ||
+				die "Invalid branchname: $1"
+			output git checkout "$1" ||
+				die "Could not checkout $1"
 		fi
 
 		HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) || die "No HEAD?"
@@ -577,7 +649,12 @@ first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 			echo "detached HEAD" > "$DOTEST"/head-name
 
 		echo $HEAD > "$DOTEST"/head
-		echo $UPSTREAM > "$DOTEST"/upstream
+		case "$REBASE_ROOT" in
+		'')
+			rm -f "$DOTEST"/rebase-root ;;
+		*)
+			: >"$DOTEST"/rebase-root ;;
+		esac
 		echo $ONTO > "$DOTEST"/onto
 		test -z "$STRATEGY" || echo "$STRATEGY" > "$DOTEST"/strategy
 		test t = "$VERBOSE" && : > "$DOTEST"/verbose
@@ -590,12 +667,19 @@ first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 			# This ensures that commits on merged, but otherwise
 			# unrelated side branches are left alone. (Think "X"
 			# in the man page's example.)
-			mkdir "$REWRITTEN" &&
-			for c in $(git merge-base --all $HEAD $UPSTREAM)
-			do
-				echo $ONTO > "$REWRITTEN"/$c ||
+			if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+			then
+				mkdir "$REWRITTEN" &&
+				for c in $(git merge-base --all $HEAD $UPSTREAM)
+				do
+					echo $ONTO > "$REWRITTEN"/$c ||
+						die "Could not init rewritten commits"
+				done
+			else
+				mkdir "$REWRITTEN" &&
+				echo $ONTO > "$REWRITTEN"/root ||
 					die "Could not init rewritten commits"
-			done
+			fi
 			# No cherry-pick because our first pass is to determine
 			# parents to rewrite and skipping dropped commits would
 			# prematurely end our probe
@@ -605,12 +689,21 @@ first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 			MERGES_OPTION="--no-merges --cherry-pick"
 		fi
 
-		SHORTUPSTREAM=$(git rev-parse --short $UPSTREAM)
 		SHORTHEAD=$(git rev-parse --short $HEAD)
 		SHORTONTO=$(git rev-parse --short $ONTO)
+		if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+			# this is now equivalent to ! -z "$UPSTREAM"
+		then
+			SHORTUPSTREAM=$(git rev-parse --short $UPSTREAM)
+			REVISIONS=$UPSTREAM...$HEAD
+			SHORTREVISIONS=$SHORTUPSTREAM..$SHORTHEAD
+		else
+			REVISIONS=$ONTO...$HEAD
+			SHORTREVISIONS=$SHORTHEAD
+		fi
 		git rev-list $MERGES_OPTION --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit \
 			--abbrev=7 --reverse --left-right --topo-order \
-			$UPSTREAM...$HEAD | \
+			$REVISIONS | \
 			sed -n "s/^>//p" | while read shortsha1 rest
 		do
 			if test t != "$PRESERVE_MERGES"
@@ -618,14 +711,19 @@ first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 				echo "pick $shortsha1 $rest" >> "$TODO"
 			else
 				sha1=$(git rev-parse $shortsha1)
-				preserve=t
-				for p in $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -f2-)
-				do
-					if test -f "$REWRITTEN"/$p -a \( $p != $UPSTREAM -o $sha1 = $first_after_upstream \)
-					then
-						preserve=f
-					fi
-				done
+				if test -z "$REBASE_ROOT"
+				then
+					preserve=t
+					for p in $(git rev-list --parents -1 $sha1 | cut -d' ' -s -f2-)
+					do
+						if test -f "$REWRITTEN"/$p -a \( $p != $ONTO -o $sha1 = $first_after_upstream \)
+						then
+							preserve=f
+						fi
+					done
+				else
+					preserve=f
+				fi
 				if test f = "$preserve"
 				then
 					touch "$REWRITTEN"/$sha1
@@ -639,33 +737,35 @@ first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
 		then
 			mkdir "$DROPPED"
 			# Save all non-cherry-picked changes
-			git rev-list $UPSTREAM...$HEAD --left-right --cherry-pick | \
+			git rev-list $REVISIONS --left-right --cherry-pick | \
 				sed -n "s/^>//p" > "$DOTEST"/not-cherry-picks
 			# Now all commits and note which ones are missing in
 			# not-cherry-picks and hence being dropped
-			git rev-list $UPSTREAM..$HEAD |
+			git rev-list $REVISIONS |
 			while read rev
 			do
-				if test -f "$REWRITTEN"/$rev -a "$(grep "$rev" "$DOTEST"/not-cherry-picks)" = ""
+				if test -f "$REWRITTEN"/$rev -a "$(sane_grep "$rev" "$DOTEST"/not-cherry-picks)" = ""
 				then
 					# Use -f2 because if rev-list is telling us this commit is
 					# not worthwhile, we don't want to track its multiple heads,
 					# just the history of its first-parent for others that will
 					# be rebasing on top of it
-					git rev-list --parents -1 $rev | cut -d' ' -f2 > "$DROPPED"/$rev
+					git rev-list --parents -1 $rev | cut -d' ' -s -f2 > "$DROPPED"/$rev
 					short=$(git rev-list -1 --abbrev-commit --abbrev=7 $rev)
-					grep -v "^[a-z][a-z]* $short" <"$TODO" > "${TODO}2" ; mv "${TODO}2" "$TODO"
+					sane_grep -v "^[a-z][a-z]* $short" <"$TODO" > "${TODO}2" ; mv "${TODO}2" "$TODO"
 					rm "$REWRITTEN"/$rev
 				fi
 			done
 		fi
+
 		test -s "$TODO" || echo noop >> "$TODO"
 		cat >> "$TODO" << EOF
 
-# Rebase $SHORTUPSTREAM..$SHORTHEAD onto $SHORTONTO
+# Rebase $SHORTREVISIONS onto $SHORTONTO
 #
 # Commands:
 #  p, pick = use commit
+#  r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message
 #  e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
 #  s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
 #
@@ -679,11 +779,13 @@ EOF
 
 		cp "$TODO" "$TODO".backup
 		git_editor "$TODO" ||
-			die "Could not execute editor"
+			die_abort "Could not execute editor"
 
 		has_action "$TODO" ||
 			die_abort "Nothing to do"
 
+		test -d "$REWRITTEN" || skip_unnecessary_picks
+
 		git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $HEAD
 		output git checkout $ONTO && do_rest
 		;;
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index 023a6dc94..b121f4537 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-USAGE='[--interactive | -i] [-v] [--onto <newbase>] <upstream> [<branch>]'
+USAGE='[--interactive | -i] [-v] [--force-rebase | -f] [--onto <newbase>] [<upstream>|--root] [<branch>] [--quiet | -q]'
 LONG_USAGE='git-rebase replaces <branch> with a new branch of the
 same name.  When the --onto option is provided the new branch starts
 out with a HEAD equal to <newbase>, otherwise it is equal to <upstream>
@@ -46,7 +46,10 @@ do_merge=
 dotest="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-merge
 prec=4
 verbose=
+diffstat=$(git config --bool rebase.stat)
 git_am_opt=
+rebase_root=
+force_rebase=
 
 continue_merge () {
 	test -n "$prev_head" || die "prev_head must be defined"
@@ -69,11 +72,20 @@ continue_merge () {
 			echo "directly, but instead do one of the following: "
 			die "$RESOLVEMSG"
 		fi
-		printf "Committed: %0${prec}d " $msgnum
+		if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+		then
+			printf "Committed: %0${prec}d " $msgnum
+		fi
 	else
-		printf "Already applied: %0${prec}d " $msgnum
+		if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+		then
+			printf "Already applied: %0${prec}d " $msgnum
+		fi
+	fi
+	if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		git rev-list --pretty=oneline -1 "$cmt" | sed -e 's/^[^ ]* //'
 	fi
-	git rev-list --pretty=oneline -1 "$cmt" | sed -e 's/^[^ ]* //'
 
 	prev_head=`git rev-parse HEAD^0`
 	# save the resulting commit so we can read-tree on it later
@@ -94,6 +106,10 @@ call_merge () {
 	eval GITHEAD_$cmt='"${cmt_name##refs/heads/}~$(($end - $msgnum))"'
 	eval GITHEAD_$hd='$(cat "$dotest/onto_name")'
 	export GITHEAD_$cmt GITHEAD_$hd
+	if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=1
+	fi
 	git-merge-$strategy "$cmt^" -- "$hd" "$cmt"
 	rv=$?
 	case "$rv" in
@@ -135,7 +151,7 @@ move_to_original_branch () {
 finish_rb_merge () {
 	move_to_original_branch
 	rm -r "$dotest"
-	echo "All done."
+	say All done.
 }
 
 is_interactive () {
@@ -165,10 +181,8 @@ run_pre_rebase_hook () {
 	if test -z "$OK_TO_SKIP_PRE_REBASE" &&
 	   test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase"
 	then
-		"$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase" ${1+"$@"} || {
-			echo >&2 "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
-			exit 1
-		}
+		"$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase" ${1+"$@"} ||
+		die "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -206,6 +220,7 @@ do
 			end=$(cat "$dotest/end")
 			msgnum=$(cat "$dotest/msgnum")
 			onto=$(cat "$dotest/onto")
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
 			continue_merge
 			while test "$msgnum" -le "$end"
 			do
@@ -218,6 +233,7 @@ do
 		head_name=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/head-name) &&
 		onto=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/onto) &&
 		orig_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/orig-head) &&
+		GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/quiet)
 		git am --resolved --3way --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG" &&
 		move_to_original_branch
 		exit
@@ -235,6 +251,7 @@ do
 			msgnum=$(cat "$dotest/msgnum")
 			msgnum=$(($msgnum + 1))
 			onto=$(cat "$dotest/onto")
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
 			while test "$msgnum" -le "$end"
 			do
 				call_merge "$msgnum"
@@ -246,6 +263,7 @@ do
 		head_name=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/head-name) &&
 		onto=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/onto) &&
 		orig_head=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/orig-head) &&
+		GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/quiet)
 		git am -3 --skip --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG" &&
 		move_to_original_branch
 		exit
@@ -257,9 +275,11 @@ do
 		git rerere clear
 		if test -d "$dotest"
 		then
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
 			move_to_original_branch
 		else
 			dotest="$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply
+			GIT_QUIET=$(cat "$dotest/quiet")
 			move_to_original_branch
 		fi
 		git reset --hard $(cat "$dotest/orig-head")
@@ -288,15 +308,47 @@ do
 		esac
 		do_merge=t
 		;;
+	-n|--no-stat)
+		diffstat=
+		;;
+	--stat)
+		diffstat=t
+		;;
 	-v|--verbose)
 		verbose=t
+		diffstat=t
+		GIT_QUIET=
+		;;
+	-q|--quiet)
+		GIT_QUIET=t
+		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt -q"
+		verbose=
+		diffstat=
 		;;
 	--whitespace=*)
 		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
+		case "$1" in
+		--whitespace=fix|--whitespace=strip)
+			force_rebase=t
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	--ignore-whitespace)
+		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
+		;;
+	--committer-date-is-author-date|--ignore-date)
+		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
+		force_rebase=t
 		;;
 	-C*)
 		git_am_opt="$git_am_opt $1"
 		;;
+	--root)
+		rebase_root=t
+		;;
+	-f|--f|--fo|--for|--forc|force|--force-r|--force-re|--force-reb|--force-reba|--force-rebas|--force-rebase)
+		force_rebase=t
+		;;
 	-*)
 		usage
 		;;
@@ -306,6 +358,7 @@ do
 	esac
 	shift
 done
+test $# -gt 2 && usage
 
 # Make sure we do not have $GIT_DIR/rebase-apply
 if test -z "$do_merge"
@@ -332,26 +385,42 @@ else
 fi
 
 # The tree must be really really clean.
-git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh || exit
+if ! git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh > /dev/null; then
+	echo >&2 "cannot rebase: you have unstaged changes"
+	git diff-files --name-status -r --ignore-submodules -- >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
 diff=$(git diff-index --cached --name-status -r --ignore-submodules HEAD --)
 case "$diff" in
-?*)	echo "cannot rebase: your index is not up-to-date"
-	echo "$diff"
+?*)	echo >&2 "cannot rebase: your index contains uncommitted changes"
+	echo >&2 "$diff"
 	exit 1
 	;;
 esac
 
-# The upstream head must be given.  Make sure it is valid.
-upstream_name="$1"
-upstream=`git rev-parse --verify "${upstream_name}^0"` ||
-    die "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+if test -z "$rebase_root"
+then
+	# The upstream head must be given.  Make sure it is valid.
+	upstream_name="$1"
+	shift
+	upstream=`git rev-parse --verify "${upstream_name}^0"` ||
+	die "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+	unset root_flag
+	upstream_arg="$upstream_name"
+else
+	test -z "$newbase" && die "--root must be used with --onto"
+	unset upstream_name
+	unset upstream
+	root_flag="--root"
+	upstream_arg="$root_flag"
+fi
 
 # Make sure the branch to rebase onto is valid.
 onto_name=${newbase-"$upstream_name"}
 onto=$(git rev-parse --verify "${onto_name}^0") || exit
 
 # If a hook exists, give it a chance to interrupt
-run_pre_rebase_hook ${1+"$@"}
+run_pre_rebase_hook "$upstream_arg" "$@"
 
 # If the branch to rebase is given, that is the branch we will rebase
 # $branch_name -- branch being rebased, or HEAD (already detached)
@@ -359,16 +428,16 @@ run_pre_rebase_hook ${1+"$@"}
 # $head_name -- refs/heads/<that-branch> or "detached HEAD"
 switch_to=
 case "$#" in
-2)
+1)
 	# Is it "rebase other $branchname" or "rebase other $commit"?
-	branch_name="$2"
-	switch_to="$2"
+	branch_name="$1"
+	switch_to="$1"
 
-	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$2" &&
-	   branch=$(git rev-parse --verify "refs/heads/$2" 2>/dev/null)
+	if git show-ref --verify --quiet -- "refs/heads/$1" &&
+	   branch=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "refs/heads/$1")
 	then
-		head_name="refs/heads/$2"
-	elif branch=$(git rev-parse --verify "$2" 2>/dev/null)
+		head_name="refs/heads/$1"
+	elif branch=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1")
 	then
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
 	else
@@ -390,53 +459,70 @@ case "$#" in
 esac
 orig_head=$branch
 
-# Now we are rebasing commits $upstream..$branch on top of $onto
+# Now we are rebasing commits $upstream..$branch (or with --root,
+# everything leading up to $branch) on top of $onto
 
 # Check if we are already based on $onto with linear history,
 # but this should be done only when upstream and onto are the same.
 mb=$(git merge-base "$onto" "$branch")
 if test "$upstream" = "$onto" && test "$mb" = "$onto" &&
 	# linear history?
-	! (git rev-list --parents "$onto".."$branch" | grep " .* ") > /dev/null
+	! (git rev-list --parents "$onto".."$branch" | sane_grep " .* ") > /dev/null
 then
-	# Lazily switch to the target branch if needed...
-	test -z "$switch_to" || git checkout "$switch_to"
-	echo >&2 "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
-	exit 0
+	if test -z "$force_rebase"
+	then
+		# Lazily switch to the target branch if needed...
+		test -z "$switch_to" || git checkout "$switch_to"
+		say "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+		exit 0
+	else
+		say "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+	fi
 fi
 
-if test -n "$verbose"
+# Detach HEAD and reset the tree
+say "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+git checkout -q "$onto^0" || die "could not detach HEAD"
+git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $branch
+
+if test -n "$diffstat"
 then
-	echo "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+	if test -n "$verbose"
+	then
+		echo "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+	fi
 	# We want color (if set), but no pager
 	GIT_PAGER='' git diff --stat --summary "$mb" "$onto"
 fi
 
-# Detach HEAD and reset the tree
-echo "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
-git checkout -q "$onto^0" || die "could not detach HEAD"
-git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $branch
-
 # If the $onto is a proper descendant of the tip of the branch, then
-# we just fast forwarded.
+# we just fast-forwarded.
 if test "$mb" = "$branch"
 then
-	echo >&2 "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+	say "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
 	move_to_original_branch
 	exit 0
 fi
 
+if test -n "$rebase_root"
+then
+	revisions="$onto..$orig_head"
+else
+	revisions="$upstream..$orig_head"
+fi
+
 if test -z "$do_merge"
 then
 	git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --ignore-if-in-upstream \
-		"$upstream..$orig_head" |
+		$root_flag "$revisions" |
 	git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$RESOLVEMSG" &&
 	move_to_original_branch
 	ret=$?
 	test 0 != $ret -a -d "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply &&
 		echo $head_name > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/head-name &&
 		echo $onto > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/onto &&
-		echo $orig_head > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/orig-head
+		echo $orig_head > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/orig-head &&
+		echo "$GIT_QUIET" > "$GIT_DIR"/rebase-apply/quiet
 	exit $ret
 fi
 
@@ -450,9 +536,10 @@ prev_head=$orig_head
 echo "$prev_head" > "$dotest/prev_head"
 echo "$orig_head" > "$dotest/orig-head"
 echo "$head_name" > "$dotest/head-name"
+echo "$GIT_QUIET" > "$dotest/quiet"
 
 msgnum=0
-for cmt in `git rev-list --reverse --no-merges "$upstream..$orig_head"`
+for cmt in `git rev-list --reverse --no-merges "$revisions"`
 do
 	msgnum=$(($msgnum + 1))
 	echo "$cmt" > "$dotest/cmt.$msgnum"
diff --git a/git-repack.sh b/git-repack.sh
index 458a497af..1eb3bca35 100755
--- a/git-repack.sh
+++ b/git-repack.sh
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
 . git-sh-setup
 
 no_update_info= all_into_one= remove_redundant= unpack_unreachable=
-local= quiet= no_reuse= extra=
+local= no_reuse= extra=
 while test $# != 0
 do
 	case "$1" in
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ do
 	-A)	all_into_one=t
 		unpack_unreachable=--unpack-unreachable ;;
 	-d)	remove_redundant=t ;;
-	-q)	quiet=-q ;;
+	-q)	GIT_QUIET=t ;;
 	-f)	no_reuse=--no-reuse-object ;;
 	-l)	local=--local ;;
 	--max-pack-size|--window|--window-memory|--depth)
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ case ",$all_into_one," in
 	args='--unpacked --incremental'
 	;;
 ,t,)
+	args= existing=
 	if [ -d "$PACKDIR" ]; then
 		for e in `cd "$PACKDIR" && find . -type f -name '*.pack' \
 			| sed -e 's/^\.\///' -e 's/\.pack$//'`
@@ -67,11 +68,10 @@ case ",$all_into_one," in
 			if [ -e "$PACKDIR/$e.keep" ]; then
 				: keep
 			else
-				args="$args --unpacked=$e.pack"
 				existing="$existing $e"
 			fi
 		done
-		if test -n "$args" -a -n "$unpack_unreachable" -a \
+		if test -n "$existing" -a -n "$unpack_unreachable" -a \
 			-n "$remove_redundant"
 		then
 			args="$args $unpack_unreachable"
@@ -80,40 +80,85 @@ case ",$all_into_one," in
 	;;
 esac
 
-args="$args $local $quiet $no_reuse$extra"
-names=$(git pack-objects --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog $args </dev/null "$PACKTMP") ||
+args="$args $local ${GIT_QUIET:+-q} $no_reuse$extra"
+names=$(git pack-objects --keep-true-parents --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog $args </dev/null "$PACKTMP") ||
 	exit 1
 if [ -z "$names" ]; then
-	if test -z "$quiet"; then
-		echo Nothing new to pack.
+	say Nothing new to pack.
+fi
+
+# Ok we have prepared all new packfiles.
+mkdir -p "$PACKDIR" || exit
+
+# First see if there are packs of the same name and if so
+# if we can move them out of the way (this can happen if we
+# repacked immediately after packing fully.
+rollback=
+failed=
+for name in $names
+do
+	for sfx in pack idx
+	do
+		file=pack-$name.$sfx
+		test -f "$PACKDIR/$file" || continue
+		rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-$file" &&
+		mv "$PACKDIR/$file" "$PACKDIR/old-$file" || {
+			failed=t
+			break
+		}
+		rollback="$rollback $file"
+	done
+	test -z "$failed" || break
+done
+
+# If renaming failed for any of them, roll the ones we have
+# already renamed back to their original names.
+if test -n "$failed"
+then
+	rollback_failure=
+	for file in $rollback
+	do
+		mv "$PACKDIR/old-$file" "$PACKDIR/$file" ||
+		rollback_failure="$rollback_failure $file"
+	done
+	if test -n "$rollback_failure"
+	then
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: Some packs in use have been renamed by"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: prefixing old- to their name, in order to"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: replace them with the new version of the"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: file.  But the operation failed, and"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: attempt to rename them back to their"
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: original names also failed."
+		echo >&2 "WARNING: Please rename them in $PACKDIR manually:"
+		for file in $rollback_failure
+		do
+			echo >&2 "WARNING:   old-$file -> $file"
+		done
 	fi
+	exit 1
 fi
-for name in $names ; do
+
+# Now the ones with the same name are out of the way...
+fullbases=
+for name in $names
+do
 	fullbases="$fullbases pack-$name"
 	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.pack"
 	chmod a-w "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"
-	mkdir -p "$PACKDIR" || exit
-
-	for sfx in pack idx
-	do
-		if test -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.$sfx"
-		then
-			mv -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.$sfx" \
-				"$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.$sfx"
-		fi
-	done &&
 	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.pack" "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.pack" &&
-	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"  "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.idx" &&
-	test -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.pack" &&
-	test -f "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.idx" || {
-		echo >&2 "Couldn't replace the existing pack with updated one."
-		echo >&2 "The original set of packs have been saved as"
-		echo >&2 "old-pack-$name.{pack,idx} in $PACKDIR."
-		exit 1
-	}
-	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.pack" "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.idx"
+	mv -f "$PACKTMP-$name.idx"  "$PACKDIR/pack-$name.idx" ||
+	exit
+done
+
+# Remove the "old-" files
+for name in $names
+do
+	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.idx"
+	rm -f "$PACKDIR/old-pack-$name.pack"
 done
 
+# End of pack replacement.
+
 if test "$remove_redundant" = t
 then
 	# We know $existing are all redundant.
@@ -129,10 +174,10 @@ then
 		  done
 		)
 	fi
-	git prune-packed $quiet
+	git prune-packed ${GIT_QUIET:+-q}
 fi
 
 case "$no_update_info" in
 t) : ;;
-*) git-update-server-info ;;
+*) git update-server-info ;;
 esac
diff --git a/git-request-pull.sh b/git-request-pull.sh
index a2cf5b821..630ceddf0 100755
--- a/git-request-pull.sh
+++ b/git-request-pull.sh
@@ -8,10 +8,33 @@ USAGE='<start> <url> [<end>]'
 LONG_USAGE='Summarizes the changes between two commits to the standard output,
 and includes the given URL in the generated summary.'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK='Yes'
-OPTIONS_SPEC=
+OPTIONS_SPEC='git request-pull [options] start url [end]
+--
+p    show patch text as well
+'
+
 . git-sh-setup
 . git-parse-remote
 
+GIT_PAGER=
+export GIT_PAGER
+
+patch=
+while	case "$#" in 0) break ;; esac
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-p)
+		patch=-p ;;
+	--)
+		shift; break ;;
+	-*)
+		usage ;;
+	*)
+		break ;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
 base=$1
 url=$2
 head=${3-HEAD}
@@ -25,16 +48,16 @@ headrev=`git rev-parse --verify "$head"^0` || exit
 merge_base=`git merge-base $baserev $headrev` ||
 die "fatal: No commits in common between $base and $head"
 
-url=$(get_remote_url "$url")
 branch=$(git ls-remote "$url" \
 	| sed -n -e "/^$headrev	refs.heads./{
 		s/^.*	refs.heads.//
 		p
 		q
 	}")
+url=$(get_remote_url "$url")
 if [ -z "$branch" ]; then
 	echo "warn: No branch of $url is at:" >&2
-	git log --max-count=1 --pretty='format:warn:   %h: %s' $headrev >&2
+	git log --max-count=1 --pretty='tformat:warn:   %h: %s' $headrev >&2
 	echo "warn: Are you sure you pushed $head there?" >&2
 	echo >&2
 	echo >&2
@@ -42,8 +65,6 @@ if [ -z "$branch" ]; then
 	status=1
 fi
 
-PAGER=
-export PAGER
 echo "The following changes since commit $baserev:"
 git shortlog --max-count=1 $baserev | sed -e 's/^\(.\)/  \1/'
 
@@ -53,5 +74,5 @@ echo "  $url $branch"
 echo
 
 git shortlog ^$baserev $headrev
-git diff -M --stat --summary $merge_base $headrev
+git diff -M --stat --summary $patch $merge_base..$headrev
 exit $status
diff --git a/git-send-email.perl b/git-send-email.perl
index 3112f769c..319b53567 100755
--- a/git-send-email.perl
+++ b/git-send-email.perl
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@ use strict;
 use warnings;
 use Term::ReadLine;
 use Getopt::Long;
+use Text::ParseWords;
 use Data::Dumper;
 use Term::ANSIColor;
-use File::Temp qw/ tempdir /;
+use File::Temp qw/ tempdir tempfile /;
 use Error qw(:try);
 use Git;
 
@@ -67,14 +68,15 @@ git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
   Automating:
     --identity              <str>  * Use the sendemail.<id> options.
     --cc-cmd                <str>  * Email Cc: via `<str> \$patch_path`
-    --suppress-cc           <str>  * author, self, sob, cccmd, all.
-    --[no-]signed-off-by-cc        * Send to Cc: and Signed-off-by:
-                                     addresses. Default on.
+    --suppress-cc           <str>  * author, self, sob, cc, cccmd, body, bodycc, all.
+    --[no-]signed-off-by-cc        * Send to Signed-off-by: addresses. Default on.
     --[no-]suppress-from           * Send to self. Default off.
     --[no-]chain-reply-to          * Chain In-Reply-To: fields. Default on.
     --[no-]thread                  * Use In-Reply-To: field. Default on.
 
   Administering:
+    --confirm               <str>  * Confirm recipients before sending;
+                                     auto, cc, compose, always, or never.
     --quiet                        * Output one line of info per email.
     --dry-run                      * Don't actually send the emails.
     --[no-]validate                * Perform patch sanity checks. Default on.
@@ -125,6 +127,7 @@ sub format_2822_time {
 }
 
 my $have_email_valid = eval { require Email::Valid; 1 };
+my $have_mail_address = eval { require Mail::Address; 1 };
 my $smtp;
 my $auth;
 
@@ -155,11 +158,12 @@ if ($@) {
 # Behavior modification variables
 my ($quiet, $dry_run) = (0, 0);
 my $format_patch;
-my $compose_filename = $repo->repo_path() . "/.gitsendemail.msg.$$";
+my $compose_filename;
 
 # Handle interactive edition of files.
 my $multiedit;
-my $editor = $ENV{GIT_EDITOR} || Git::config(@repo, "core.editor") || $ENV{VISUAL} || $ENV{EDITOR} || "vi";
+my $editor = Git::command_oneline('var', 'GIT_EDITOR');
+
 sub do_edit {
 	if (defined($multiedit) && !$multiedit) {
 		map {
@@ -180,12 +184,14 @@ sub do_edit {
 my ($thread, $chain_reply_to, $suppress_from, $signed_off_by_cc, $cc_cmd);
 my ($smtp_server, $smtp_server_port, $smtp_authuser, $smtp_encryption);
 my ($identity, $aliasfiletype, @alias_files, @smtp_host_parts);
-my ($validate);
+my ($validate, $confirm);
 my (@suppress_cc);
 
+my $not_set_by_user = "true but not set by the user";
+
 my %config_bool_settings = (
     "thread" => [\$thread, 1],
-    "chainreplyto" => [\$chain_reply_to, 1],
+    "chainreplyto" => [\$chain_reply_to, $not_set_by_user],
     "suppressfrom" => [\$suppress_from, undef],
     "signedoffbycc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],
     "signedoffcc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],      # Deprecated
@@ -206,8 +212,23 @@ my %config_settings = (
     "suppresscc" => \@suppress_cc,
     "envelopesender" => \$envelope_sender,
     "multiedit" => \$multiedit,
+    "confirm"   => \$confirm,
+    "from" => \$sender,
 );
 
+# Help users prepare for 1.7.0
+sub chain_reply_to {
+	if (defined $chain_reply_to &&
+	    $chain_reply_to eq $not_set_by_user) {
+		print STDERR
+		    "In git 1.7.0, the default will be changed to --no-chain-reply-to\n" .
+		    "Set sendemail.chainreplyto configuration variable to true if\n" .
+		    "you want to keep --chain-reply-to as your default.\n";
+		$chain_reply_to = 1;
+	}
+	return $chain_reply_to;
+}
+
 # Handle Uncouth Termination
 sub signal_handler {
 
@@ -218,11 +239,13 @@ sub signal_handler {
 	system "stty echo";
 
 	# tmp files from --compose
-	if (-e $compose_filename) {
-		print "'$compose_filename' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n";
-	}
-	if (-e ($compose_filename . ".final")) {
-		print "'$compose_filename.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+	if (defined $compose_filename) {
+		if (-e $compose_filename) {
+			print "'$compose_filename' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n";
+		}
+		if (-e ($compose_filename . ".final")) {
+			print "'$compose_filename.final' contains the composed email.\n"
+		}
 	}
 
 	exit;
@@ -255,6 +278,7 @@ my $rc = GetOptions("sender|from=s" => \$sender,
 		    "suppress-from!" => \$suppress_from,
 		    "suppress-cc=s" => \@suppress_cc,
 		    "signed-off-cc|signed-off-by-cc!" => \$signed_off_by_cc,
+		    "confirm=s" => \$confirm,
 		    "dry-run" => \$dry_run,
 		    "envelope-sender=s" => \$envelope_sender,
 		    "thread!" => \$thread,
@@ -266,6 +290,9 @@ unless ($rc) {
     usage();
 }
 
+die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+	if $format_patch and not $repo;
+
 # Now, let's fill any that aren't set in with defaults:
 
 sub read_config {
@@ -317,13 +344,13 @@ my(%suppress_cc);
 if (@suppress_cc) {
 	foreach my $entry (@suppress_cc) {
 		die "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '$entry'\n"
-			unless $entry =~ /^(all|cccmd|cc|author|self|sob)$/;
+			unless $entry =~ /^(all|cccmd|cc|author|self|sob|body|bodycc)$/;
 		$suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
 	}
 }
 
 if ($suppress_cc{'all'}) {
-	foreach my $entry (qw (ccmd cc author self sob)) {
+	foreach my $entry (qw (cccmd cc author self sob body bodycc)) {
 		$suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
 	}
 	delete $suppress_cc{'all'};
@@ -333,6 +360,21 @@ if ($suppress_cc{'all'}) {
 $suppress_cc{'self'} = $suppress_from if defined $suppress_from;
 $suppress_cc{'sob'} = !$signed_off_by_cc if defined $signed_off_by_cc;
 
+if ($suppress_cc{'body'}) {
+	foreach my $entry (qw (sob bodycc)) {
+		$suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
+	}
+	delete $suppress_cc{'body'};
+}
+
+# Set confirm's default value
+my $confirm_unconfigured = !defined $confirm;
+if ($confirm_unconfigured) {
+	$confirm = scalar %suppress_cc ? 'compose' : 'auto';
+};
+die "Unknown --confirm setting: '$confirm'\n"
+	unless $confirm =~ /^(?:auto|cc|compose|always|never)/;
+
 # Debugging, print out the suppressions.
 if (0) {
 	print "suppressions:\n";
@@ -359,28 +401,48 @@ foreach my $entry (@bcclist) {
 	die "Comma in --bcclist entry: $entry'\n" unless $entry !~ m/,/;
 }
 
+sub parse_address_line {
+	if ($have_mail_address) {
+		return map { $_->format } Mail::Address->parse($_[0]);
+	} else {
+		return split_addrs($_[0]);
+	}
+}
+
+sub split_addrs {
+	return quotewords('\s*,\s*', 1, @_);
+}
+
 my %aliases;
 my %parse_alias = (
 	# multiline formats can be supported in the future
 	mutt => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
-		if (/^\s*alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
+		if (/^\s*alias\s+(?:-group\s+\S+\s+)*(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
 			my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
 			$addr =~ s/#.*$//; # mutt allows # comments
 			 # commas delimit multiple addresses
-			$aliases{$alias} = [ split(/\s*,\s*/, $addr) ];
+			$aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
 		}}},
 	mailrc => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 		if (/^alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
 			# spaces delimit multiple addresses
-			$aliases{$1} = [ split(/\s+/, $2) ];
+			$aliases{$1} = [ quotewords('\s+', 0, $2) ];
 		}}},
 	pine => sub { my $fh = shift; my $f='\t[^\t]*';
 	        for (my $x = ''; defined($x); $x = $_) {
 			chomp $x;
 		        $x .= $1 while(defined($_ = <$fh>) && /^ +(.*)$/);
 			$x =~ /^(\S+)$f\t\(?([^\t]+?)\)?(:?$f){0,2}$/ or next;
-			$aliases{$1} = [ split(/\s*,\s*/, $2) ];
+			$aliases{$1} = [ split_addrs($2) ];
 		}},
+	elm => sub  { my $fh = shift;
+		      while (<$fh>) {
+			  if (/^(\S+)\s+=\s+[^=]+=\s(\S+)/) {
+			      my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
+			       $aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
+			  }
+		      } },
+
 	gnus => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 		if (/\(define-mail-alias\s+"(\S+?)"\s+"(\S+?)"\)/) {
 			$aliases{$1} = [ $2 ];
@@ -399,11 +461,11 @@ if (@alias_files and $aliasfiletype and defined $parse_alias{$aliasfiletype}) {
 
 # returns 1 if the conflict must be solved using it as a format-patch argument
 sub check_file_rev_conflict($) {
+	return unless $repo;
 	my $f = shift;
 	try {
 		$repo->command('rev-parse', '--verify', '--quiet', $f);
 		if (defined($format_patch)) {
-			print "foo\n";
 			return $format_patch;
 		}
 		die(<<EOF);
@@ -440,6 +502,8 @@ while (defined(my $f = shift @ARGV)) {
 }
 
 if (@rev_list_opts) {
+	die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
+		unless $repo;
 	push @files, $repo->command('format-patch', '-o', tempdir(CLEANUP => 1), @rev_list_opts);
 }
 
@@ -476,6 +540,9 @@ sub get_patch_subject($) {
 if ($compose) {
 	# Note that this does not need to be secure, but we will make a small
 	# effort to have it be unique
+	$compose_filename = ($repo ?
+		tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => $repo->repo_path()) :
+		tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => "."))[1];
 	open(C,">",$compose_filename)
 		or die "Failed to open for writing $compose_filename: $!";
 
@@ -486,7 +553,7 @@ if ($compose) {
 
 	print C <<EOT;
 From $tpl_sender # This line is ignored.
-GIT: Lines beginning in "GIT: " will be removed.
+GIT: Lines beginning in "GIT:" will be removed.
 GIT: Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents
 GIT: for the patch you are writing.
 GIT:
@@ -501,8 +568,6 @@ EOT
 	}
 	close(C);
 
-	my $editor = $ENV{GIT_EDITOR} || Git::config(@repo, "core.editor") || $ENV{VISUAL} || $ENV{EDITOR} || "vi";
-
 	if ($annotate) {
 		do_edit($compose_filename, @files);
 	} else {
@@ -519,7 +584,7 @@ EOT
 	my $in_body = 0;
 	my $summary_empty = 1;
 	while(<C>) {
-		next if m/^GIT: /;
+		next if m/^GIT:/;
 		if ($in_body) {
 			$summary_empty = 0 unless (/^\n$/);
 		} elsif (/^\n$/) {
@@ -527,7 +592,7 @@ EOT
 			if ($need_8bit_cte) {
 				print C2 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n",
 					 "Content-Type: text/plain; ",
-					   "charset=utf-8\n",
+					   "charset=UTF-8\n",
 					 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
 			}
 		} elsif (/^MIME-Version:/i) {
@@ -563,43 +628,58 @@ EOT
 	do_edit(@files);
 }
 
+sub ask {
+	my ($prompt, %arg) = @_;
+	my $valid_re = $arg{valid_re};
+	my $default = $arg{default};
+	my $resp;
+	my $i = 0;
+	return defined $default ? $default : undef
+		unless defined $term->IN and defined fileno($term->IN) and
+		       defined $term->OUT and defined fileno($term->OUT);
+	while ($i++ < 10) {
+		$resp = $term->readline($prompt);
+		if (!defined $resp) { # EOF
+			print "\n";
+			return defined $default ? $default : undef;
+		}
+		if ($resp eq '' and defined $default) {
+			return $default;
+		}
+		if (!defined $valid_re or $resp =~ /$valid_re/) {
+			return $resp;
+		}
+	}
+	return undef;
+}
+
 my $prompting = 0;
 if (!defined $sender) {
 	$sender = $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
-
-	while (1) {
-		$_ = $term->readline("Who should the emails appear to be from? [$sender] ");
-		last if defined $_;
-		print "\n";
-	}
-
-	$sender = $_ if ($_);
+	$sender = ask("Who should the emails appear to be from? [$sender] ",
+	              default => $sender);
 	print "Emails will be sent from: ", $sender, "\n";
 	$prompting++;
 }
 
 if (!@to) {
-
-
-	while (1) {
-		$_ = $term->readline("Who should the emails be sent to? ", "");
-		last if defined $_;
-		print "\n";
-	}
-
-	my $to = $_;
-	push @to, split /,\s*/, $to;
+	my $to = ask("Who should the emails be sent to? ");
+	push @to, parse_address_line($to) if defined $to; # sanitized/validated later
 	$prompting++;
 }
 
 sub expand_aliases {
-	my @cur = @_;
-	my @last;
-	do {
-		@last = @cur;
-		@cur = map { $aliases{$_} ? @{$aliases{$_}} : $_ } @last;
-	} while (join(',',@cur) ne join(',',@last));
-	return @cur;
+	return map { expand_one_alias($_) } @_;
+}
+
+my %EXPANDED_ALIASES;
+sub expand_one_alias {
+	my $alias = shift;
+	if ($EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias}) {
+		die "fatal: alias '$alias' expands to itself\n";
+	}
+	local $EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias} = 1;
+	return $aliases{$alias} ? expand_aliases(@{$aliases{$alias}}) : $alias;
 }
 
 @to = expand_aliases(@to);
@@ -608,13 +688,8 @@ sub expand_aliases {
 @bcclist = expand_aliases(@bcclist);
 
 if ($thread && !defined $initial_reply_to && $prompting) {
-	while (1) {
-		$_= $term->readline("Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email? ", $initial_reply_to);
-		last if defined $_;
-		print "\n";
-	}
-
-	$initial_reply_to = $_;
+	$initial_reply_to = ask(
+		"Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email? ");
 }
 if (defined $initial_reply_to) {
 	$initial_reply_to =~ s/^\s*<?//;
@@ -632,25 +707,13 @@ if (!defined $smtp_server) {
 	$smtp_server ||= 'localhost'; # could be 127.0.0.1, too... *shrug*
 }
 
-if ($compose) {
-	while (1) {
-		$_ = $term->readline("Send this email? (y|n) ");
-		last if defined $_;
-		print "\n";
-	}
-
-	if (uc substr($_,0,1) ne 'Y') {
-		cleanup_compose_files();
-		exit(0);
-	}
-
-	if ($compose > 0) {
-		@files = ($compose_filename . ".final", @files);
-	}
+if ($compose && $compose > 0) {
+	@files = ($compose_filename . ".final", @files);
 }
 
 # Variables we set as part of the loop over files
-our ($message_id, %mail, $subject, $reply_to, $references, $message);
+our ($message_id, %mail, $subject, $reply_to, $references, $message,
+	$needs_confirm, $message_num, $ask_default);
 
 sub extract_valid_address {
 	my $address = shift;
@@ -722,12 +785,20 @@ sub unquote_rfc2047 {
 
 sub quote_rfc2047 {
 	local $_ = shift;
-	my $encoding = shift || 'utf-8';
+	my $encoding = shift || 'UTF-8';
 	s/([^-a-zA-Z0-9!*+\/])/sprintf("=%02X", ord($1))/eg;
 	s/(.*)/=\?$encoding\?q\?$1\?=/;
 	return $_;
 }
 
+sub is_rfc2047_quoted {
+	my $s = shift;
+	my $token = '[^][()<>@,;:"\/?.= \000-\037\177-\377]+';
+	my $encoded_text = '[!->@-~]+';
+	length($s) <= 75 &&
+	$s =~ m/^(?:"[[:ascii:]]*"|=\?$token\?$token\?$encoded_text\?=)$/o;
+}
+
 # use the simplest quoting being able to handle the recipient
 sub sanitize_address
 {
@@ -739,12 +810,13 @@ sub sanitize_address
 	}
 
 	# if recipient_name is already quoted, do nothing
-	if ($recipient_name =~ /^(".*"|=\?utf-8\?q\?.*\?=)$/) {
+	if (is_rfc2047_quoted($recipient_name)) {
 		return $recipient;
 	}
 
 	# rfc2047 is needed if a non-ascii char is included
 	if ($recipient_name =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/) {
+		$recipient_name =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/;
 		$recipient_name = quote_rfc2047($recipient_name);
 	}
 
@@ -758,6 +830,10 @@ sub sanitize_address
 
 }
 
+# Returns 1 if the message was sent, and 0 otherwise.
+# In actuality, the whole program dies when there
+# is an error sending a message.
+
 sub send_message
 {
 	my @recipients = unique_email_list(@to);
@@ -775,7 +851,7 @@ sub send_message
 	    $gitversion = Git::version();
 	}
 
-	my $cc = join(", ", unique_email_list(@cc));
+	my $cc = join(",\n\t", unique_email_list(@cc));
 	my $ccline = "";
 	if ($cc ne '') {
 		$ccline = "\nCc: $cc";
@@ -790,7 +866,7 @@ Date: $date
 Message-Id: $message_id
 X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 ";
-	if ($thread && $reply_to) {
+	if ($reply_to) {
 
 		$header .= "In-Reply-To: $reply_to\n";
 		$header .= "References: $references\n";
@@ -801,11 +877,42 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 
 	my @sendmail_parameters = ('-i', @recipients);
 	my $raw_from = $sanitized_sender;
-	$raw_from = $envelope_sender if (defined $envelope_sender);
+	if (defined $envelope_sender && $envelope_sender ne "auto") {
+		$raw_from = $envelope_sender;
+	}
 	$raw_from = extract_valid_address($raw_from);
 	unshift (@sendmail_parameters,
 			'-f', $raw_from) if(defined $envelope_sender);
 
+	if ($needs_confirm && !$dry_run) {
+		print "\n$header\n";
+		if ($needs_confirm eq "inform") {
+			$confirm_unconfigured = 0; # squelch this message for the rest of this run
+			$ask_default = "y"; # assume yes on EOF since user hasn't explicitly asked for confirmation
+			print "    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n";
+			print "    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n";
+			print "    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n";
+			print "    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n";
+			print "    configuration setting.\n";
+			print "\n";
+			print "    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n";
+			print "    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n";
+			print "    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n\n";
+		}
+		$_ = ask("Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): ",
+		         valid_re => qr/^(?:yes|y|no|n|quit|q|all|a)/i,
+		         default => $ask_default);
+		die "Send this email reply required" unless defined $_;
+		if (/^n/i) {
+			return 0;
+		} elsif (/^q/i) {
+			cleanup_compose_files();
+			exit(0);
+		} elsif (/^a/i) {
+			$confirm = 'never';
+		}
+	}
+
 	if ($dry_run) {
 		# We don't want to send the email.
 	} elsif ($smtp_server =~ m#^/#) {
@@ -832,7 +939,7 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 			$smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new((defined $smtp_server_port)
 						 ? "$smtp_server:$smtp_server_port"
 						 : $smtp_server);
-			if ($smtp_encryption eq 'tls') {
+			if ($smtp_encryption eq 'tls' && $smtp) {
 				require Net::SMTP::SSL;
 				$smtp->command('STARTTLS');
 				$smtp->response();
@@ -878,7 +985,7 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 		$smtp->data or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->datasend("$header\n$message") or die $smtp->message;
 		$smtp->dataend() or die $smtp->message;
-		$smtp->ok or die "Failed to send $subject\n".$smtp->message;
+		$smtp->code =~ /250|200/ or die "Failed to send $subject\n".$smtp->message;
 	}
 	if ($quiet) {
 		printf (($dry_run ? "Dry-" : "")."Sent %s\n", $subject);
@@ -887,7 +994,9 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 		if ($smtp_server !~ m#^/#) {
 			print "Server: $smtp_server\n";
 			print "MAIL FROM:<$raw_from>\n";
-			print "RCPT TO:".join(',',(map { "<$_>" } @recipients))."\n";
+			foreach my $entry (@recipients) {
+			    print "RCPT TO:<$entry>\n";
+			}
 		} else {
 			print "Sendmail: $smtp_server ".join(' ',@sendmail_parameters)."\n";
 		}
@@ -899,11 +1008,14 @@ X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion
 			print "Result: OK\n";
 		}
 	}
+
+	return 1;
 }
 
 $reply_to = $initial_reply_to;
 $references = $initial_reply_to || '';
 $subject = $initial_subject;
+$message_num = 0;
 
 foreach my $t (@files) {
 	open(F,"<",$t) or die "can't open file $t";
@@ -912,95 +1024,110 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 	my $author_encoding;
 	my $has_content_type;
 	my $body_encoding;
-	@cc = @initial_cc;
+	@cc = ();
 	@xh = ();
 	my $input_format = undef;
-	my $header_done = 0;
+	my @header = ();
 	$message = "";
+	$message_num++;
+	# First unfold multiline header fields
 	while(<F>) {
-		if (!$header_done) {
-			if (/^From /) {
-				$input_format = 'mbox';
-				next;
+		last if /^\s*$/;
+		if (/^\s+\S/ and @header) {
+			chomp($header[$#header]);
+			s/^\s+/ /;
+			$header[$#header] .= $_;
+	    } else {
+			push(@header, $_);
+		}
+	}
+	# Now parse the header
+	foreach(@header) {
+		if (/^From /) {
+			$input_format = 'mbox';
+			next;
+		}
+		chomp;
+		if (!defined $input_format && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s/) {
+			$input_format = 'mbox';
+		}
+
+		if (defined $input_format && $input_format eq 'mbox') {
+			if (/^Subject:\s+(.*)$/) {
+				$subject = $1;
 			}
-			chomp;
-			if (!defined $input_format && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s/) {
-				$input_format = 'mbox';
+			elsif (/^From:\s+(.*)$/) {
+				($author, $author_encoding) = unquote_rfc2047($1);
+				next if $suppress_cc{'author'};
+				next if $suppress_cc{'self'} and $author eq $sender;
+				printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+					$1, $_) unless $quiet;
+				push @cc, $1;
 			}
-
-			if (defined $input_format && $input_format eq 'mbox') {
-				if (/^Subject:\s+(.*)$/) {
-					$subject = $1;
-
-				} elsif (/^(Cc|From):\s+(.*)$/) {
-					if (unquote_rfc2047($2) eq $sender) {
+			elsif (/^Cc:\s+(.*)$/) {
+				foreach my $addr (parse_address_line($1)) {
+					if (unquote_rfc2047($addr) eq $sender) {
 						next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
-					}
-					elsif ($1 eq 'From') {
-						($author, $author_encoding)
-						  = unquote_rfc2047($2);
-						next if ($suppress_cc{'author'});
 					} else {
 						next if ($suppress_cc{'cc'});
 					}
 					printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
-						$2, $_) unless $quiet;
-					push @cc, $2;
+						$addr, $_) unless $quiet;
+					push @cc, $addr;
 				}
-				elsif (/^Content-type:/i) {
-					$has_content_type = 1;
-					if (/charset="?([^ "]+)/) {
-						$body_encoding = $1;
-					}
-					push @xh, $_;
-				}
-				elsif (/^Message-Id: (.*)/i) {
-					$message_id = $1;
-				}
-				elsif (!/^Date:\s/ && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
-					push @xh, $_;
-				}
-
-			} else {
-				# In the traditional
-				# "send lots of email" format,
-				# line 1 = cc
-				# line 2 = subject
-				# So let's support that, too.
-				$input_format = 'lots';
-				if (@cc == 0 && !$suppress_cc{'cc'}) {
-					printf("(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
-						$_, $_) unless $quiet;
-
-					push @cc, $_;
-
-				} elsif (!defined $subject) {
-					$subject = $_;
+			}
+			elsif (/^Content-type:/i) {
+				$has_content_type = 1;
+				if (/charset="?([^ "]+)/) {
+					$body_encoding = $1;
 				}
+				push @xh, $_;
 			}
-
-			# A whitespace line will terminate the headers
-			if (m/^\s*$/) {
-				$header_done = 1;
+			elsif (/^Message-Id: (.*)/i) {
+				$message_id = $1;
+			}
+			elsif (!/^Date:\s/ && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
+				push @xh, $_;
 			}
+
 		} else {
-			$message .=  $_;
-			if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)$/i) {
-				next if ($suppress_cc{'sob'});
-				chomp;
-				my $c = $2;
-				chomp $c;
-				next if ($c eq $sender and $suppress_cc{'self'});
-				push @cc, $c;
-				printf("(sob) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
-					$c, $_) unless $quiet;
+			# In the traditional
+			# "send lots of email" format,
+			# line 1 = cc
+			# line 2 = subject
+			# So let's support that, too.
+			$input_format = 'lots';
+			if (@cc == 0 && !$suppress_cc{'cc'}) {
+				printf("(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+					$_, $_) unless $quiet;
+				push @cc, $_;
+			} elsif (!defined $subject) {
+				$subject = $_;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	# Now parse the message body
+	while(<F>) {
+		$message .=  $_;
+		if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)$/i) {
+			chomp;
+			my ($what, $c) = ($1, $2);
+			chomp $c;
+			if ($c eq $sender) {
+				next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
+			} else {
+				next if $suppress_cc{'sob'} and $what =~ /Signed-off-by/i;
+				next if $suppress_cc{'bodycc'} and $what =~ /Cc/i;
 			}
+			push @cc, $c;
+			printf("(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
+				$c, $_) unless $quiet;
 		}
 	}
 	close F;
 
 	if (defined $cc_cmd && !$suppress_cc{'cccmd'}) {
-		open(F, "$cc_cmd $t |")
+		open(F, "$cc_cmd \Q$t\E |")
 			or die "(cc-cmd) Could not execute '$cc_cmd'";
 		while(<F>) {
 			my $c = $_;
@@ -1015,7 +1142,7 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 			or die "(cc-cmd) failed to close pipe to '$cc_cmd'";
 	}
 
-	if (defined $author) {
+	if (defined $author and $author ne $sender) {
 		$message = "From: $author\n\n$message";
 		if (defined $author_encoding) {
 			if ($has_content_type) {
@@ -1035,10 +1162,19 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	send_message();
+	$needs_confirm = (
+		$confirm eq "always" or
+		($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|cc)$/ && @cc) or
+		($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|compose)$/ && $compose && $message_num == 1));
+	$needs_confirm = "inform" if ($needs_confirm && $confirm_unconfigured && @cc);
+
+	@cc = (@initial_cc, @cc);
+
+	my $message_was_sent = send_message();
 
 	# set up for the next message
-	if ($chain_reply_to || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0) {
+	if ($thread && $message_was_sent &&
+		(chain_reply_to() || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0)) {
 		$reply_to = $message_id;
 		if (length $references > 0) {
 			$references .= "\n $message_id";
@@ -1049,13 +1185,10 @@ foreach my $t (@files) {
 	$message_id = undef;
 }
 
-if ($compose) {
-	cleanup_compose_files();
-}
+cleanup_compose_files();
 
 sub cleanup_compose_files() {
-	unlink($compose_filename, $compose_filename . ".final");
-
+	unlink($compose_filename, $compose_filename . ".final") if $compose;
 }
 
 $smtp->quit if $smtp;
diff --git a/git-sh-setup.sh b/git-sh-setup.sh
index dbdf209ec..dfcb8078f 100755
--- a/git-sh-setup.sh
+++ b/git-sh-setup.sh
@@ -11,11 +11,48 @@
 # exporting it.
 unset CDPATH
 
+git_broken_path_fix () {
+	case ":$PATH:" in
+	*:$1:*) : ok ;;
+	*)
+		PATH=$(
+			SANE_TOOL_PATH="$1"
+			IFS=: path= sep=
+			set x $PATH
+			shift
+			for elem
+			do
+				case "$SANE_TOOL_PATH:$elem" in
+				(?*:/bin | ?*:/usr/bin)
+					path="$path$sep$SANE_TOOL_PATH"
+					sep=:
+					SANE_TOOL_PATH=
+				esac
+				path="$path$sep$elem"
+				sep=:
+			done
+			echo "$path"
+		)
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+# @@BROKEN_PATH_FIX@@
+
 die() {
 	echo >&2 "$@"
 	exit 1
 }
 
+GIT_QUIET=
+
+say () {
+	if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		printf '%s\n' "$*"
+	fi
+}
+
 if test -n "$OPTIONS_SPEC"; then
 	usage() {
 		"$0" -h
@@ -62,19 +99,20 @@ set_reflog_action() {
 }
 
 git_editor() {
-	: "${GIT_EDITOR:=$(git config core.editor)}"
-	: "${GIT_EDITOR:=${VISUAL:-${EDITOR}}}"
-	case "$GIT_EDITOR,$TERM" in
-	,dumb)
-		echo >&2 "No editor specified in GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, VISUAL,"
-		echo >&2 "or EDITOR. Tried to fall back to vi but terminal is dumb."
-		echo >&2 "Please set one of these variables to an appropriate"
-		echo >&2 "editor or run $0 with options that will not cause an"
-		echo >&2 "editor to be invoked (e.g., -m or -F for git-commit)."
-		exit 1
-		;;
-	esac
-	eval "${GIT_EDITOR:=vi}" '"$@"'
+	if test -z "${GIT_EDITOR:+set}"
+	then
+		GIT_EDITOR="$(git var GIT_EDITOR)" || return $?
+	fi
+
+	eval "$GIT_EDITOR" '"$@"'
+}
+
+sane_grep () {
+	GREP_OPTIONS= LC_ALL=C grep "$@"
+}
+
+sane_egrep () {
+	GREP_OPTIONS= LC_ALL=C egrep "$@"
 }
 
 is_bare_repository () {
@@ -85,7 +123,13 @@ cd_to_toplevel () {
 	cdup=$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)
 	if test ! -z "$cdup"
 	then
-		cd "$cdup" || {
+		# The "-P" option says to follow "physical" directory
+		# structure instead of following symbolic links.  When cdup is
+		# "../", this means following the ".." entry in the current
+		# directory instead textually removing a symlink path element
+		# from the PWD shell variable.  The "-P" behavior is more
+		# consistent with the C-style chdir used by most of Git.
+		cd -P "$cdup" || {
 			echo >&2 "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
 			exit 1
 		}
diff --git a/git-stash.sh b/git-stash.sh
index b9ace9970..3a0685f18 100755
--- a/git-stash.sh
+++ b/git-stash.sh
@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@
 
 dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
 USAGE="list [<options>]
-   or: $dashless (show | drop | pop ) [<stash>]
-   or: $dashless apply [--index] [<stash>]
+   or: $dashless show [<stash>]
+   or: $dashless drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
+   or: $dashless ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
    or: $dashless branch <branchname> [<stash>]
-   or: $dashless [save [--keep-index] [<message>]]
+   or: $dashless [save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
    or: $dashless clear"
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
@@ -20,6 +21,14 @@ trap 'rm -f "$TMP-*"' 0
 
 ref_stash=refs/stash
 
+if git config --get-colorbool color.interactive; then
+       help_color="$(git config --get-color color.interactive.help 'red bold')"
+       reset_color="$(git config --get-color '' reset)"
+else
+       help_color=
+       reset_color=
+fi
+
 no_changes () {
 	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --ignore-submodules -- &&
 	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules
@@ -67,19 +76,44 @@ create_stash () {
 		git commit-tree $i_tree -p $b_commit) ||
 		die "Cannot save the current index state"
 
-	# state of the working tree
-	w_tree=$( (
+	if test -z "$patch_mode"
+	then
+
+		# state of the working tree
+		w_tree=$( (
+			rm -f "$TMP-index" &&
+			cp -p ${GIT_INDEX_FILE-"$GIT_DIR/index"} "$TMP-index" &&
+			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" &&
+			export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+			git read-tree -m $i_tree &&
+			git add -u &&
+			git write-tree &&
+			rm -f "$TMP-index"
+		) ) ||
+			die "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+
+	else
+
 		rm -f "$TMP-index" &&
-		cp -p ${GIT_INDEX_FILE-"$GIT_DIR/index"} "$TMP-index" &&
-		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" &&
-		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-		git read-tree -m $i_tree &&
-		git add -u &&
-		git write-tree &&
-		rm -f "$TMP-index"
-	) ) ||
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" git read-tree HEAD &&
+
+		# find out what the user wants
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" \
+			git add--interactive --patch=stash -- &&
+
+		# state of the working tree
+		w_tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" git write-tree) ||
 		die "Cannot save the current worktree state"
 
+		git diff-tree -p HEAD $w_tree > "$TMP-patch" &&
+		test -s "$TMP-patch" ||
+		die "No changes selected"
+
+		rm -f "$TMP-index" ||
+		die "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+
+	fi
+
 	# create the stash
 	if test -z "$stash_msg"
 	then
@@ -94,18 +128,44 @@ create_stash () {
 
 save_stash () {
 	keep_index=
-	case "$1" in
-	--keep-index)
-		keep_index=t
+	patch_mode=
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-k|--keep-index)
+			keep_index=t
+			;;
+		--no-keep-index)
+			keep_index=
+			;;
+		-p|--patch)
+			patch_mode=t
+			keep_index=t
+			;;
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=t
+			;;
+		--)
+			shift
+			break
+			;;
+		-*)
+			echo "error: unknown option for 'stash save': $1"
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
 		shift
-	esac
+	done
 
 	stash_msg="$*"
 
 	git update-index -q --refresh
 	if no_changes
 	then
-		echo 'No local changes to save'
+		say 'No local changes to save'
 		exit 0
 	fi
 	test -f "$GIT_DIR/logs/$ref_stash" ||
@@ -118,13 +178,24 @@ save_stash () {
 
 	git update-ref -m "$stash_msg" $ref_stash $w_commit ||
 		die "Cannot save the current status"
-	printf 'Saved working directory and index state "%s"\n' "$stash_msg"
-
-	git reset --hard
+	say Saved working directory and index state "$stash_msg"
 
-	if test -n "$keep_index" && test -n $i_tree
+	if test -z "$patch_mode"
 	then
-		git read-tree --reset -u $i_tree
+		git reset --hard ${GIT_QUIET:+-q}
+
+		if test -n "$keep_index" && test -n $i_tree
+		then
+			git read-tree --reset -u $i_tree
+		fi
+	else
+		git apply -R < "$TMP-patch" ||
+		die "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+
+		if test -z "$keep_index"
+		then
+			git reset
+		fi
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -134,8 +205,7 @@ have_stash () {
 
 list_stash () {
 	have_stash || return 0
-	git log --no-color --pretty=oneline -g "$@" $ref_stash -- |
-	sed -n -e 's/^[.0-9a-f]* refs\///p'
+	git log --format="%gd: %gs" -g "$@" $ref_stash --
 }
 
 show_stash () {
@@ -151,29 +221,45 @@ show_stash () {
 }
 
 apply_stash () {
-	git update-index -q --refresh &&
-	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules ||
-		die 'Cannot apply to a dirty working tree, please stage your changes'
-
 	unstash_index=
-	case "$1" in
-	--index)
-		unstash_index=t
+
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--index)
+			unstash_index=t
+			;;
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=t
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
 		shift
-	esac
+	done
 
-	# current index state
-	c_tree=$(git write-tree) ||
-		die 'Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge'
+	if test $# = 0
+	then
+		have_stash || die 'Nothing to apply'
+	fi
 
 	# stash records the work tree, and is a merge between the
 	# base commit (first parent) and the index tree (second parent).
-	s=$(git rev-parse --verify --default $ref_stash "$@") &&
-	w_tree=$(git rev-parse --verify "$s:") &&
-	b_tree=$(git rev-parse --verify "$s^1:") &&
-	i_tree=$(git rev-parse --verify "$s^2:") ||
+	s=$(git rev-parse --quiet --verify --default $ref_stash "$@") &&
+	w_tree=$(git rev-parse --quiet --verify "$s:") &&
+	b_tree=$(git rev-parse --quiet --verify "$s^1:") &&
+	i_tree=$(git rev-parse --quiet --verify "$s^2:") ||
 		die "$*: no valid stashed state found"
 
+	git update-index -q --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules ||
+		die 'Cannot apply to a dirty working tree, please stage your changes'
+
+	# current index state
+	c_tree=$(git write-tree) ||
+		die 'Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge'
+
 	unstashed_index_tree=
 	if test -n "$unstash_index" && test "$b_tree" != "$i_tree" &&
 			test "$c_tree" != "$i_tree"
@@ -181,7 +267,7 @@ apply_stash () {
 		git diff-tree --binary $s^2^..$s^2 | git apply --cached
 		test $? -ne 0 &&
 			die 'Conflicts in index. Try without --index.'
-		unstashed_index_tree=$(git-write-tree) ||
+		unstashed_index_tree=$(git write-tree) ||
 			die 'Could not save index tree'
 		git reset
 	fi
@@ -193,7 +279,11 @@ apply_stash () {
 		export GITHEAD_$w_tree GITHEAD_$c_tree GITHEAD_$b_tree
 	"
 
-	if git-merge-recursive $b_tree -- $c_tree $w_tree
+	if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+	then
+		export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=0
+	fi
+	if git merge-recursive $b_tree -- $c_tree $w_tree
 	then
 		# No conflict
 		if test -n "$unstashed_index_tree"
@@ -207,7 +297,12 @@ apply_stash () {
 				die "Cannot unstage modified files"
 			rm -f "$a"
 		fi
-		git status || :
+		squelch=
+		if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
+		then
+			squelch='>/dev/null 2>&1'
+		fi
+		eval "git status $squelch" || :
 	else
 		# Merge conflict; keep the exit status from merge-recursive
 		status=$?
@@ -222,6 +317,19 @@ apply_stash () {
 drop_stash () {
 	have_stash || die 'No stash entries to drop'
 
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=t
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
 	if test $# = 0
 	then
 		set x "$ref_stash@{0}"
@@ -235,7 +343,7 @@ drop_stash () {
 		die "$*: not a valid stashed state"
 
 	git reflog delete --updateref --rewrite "$@" &&
-		echo "Dropped $* ($s)" || die "$*: Could not drop stash entry"
+		say "Dropped $* ($s)" || die "$*: Could not drop stash entry"
 
 	# clear_stash if we just dropped the last stash entry
 	git rev-parse --verify "$ref_stash@{0}" > /dev/null 2>&1 || clear_stash
@@ -253,20 +361,27 @@ apply_to_branch () {
 	fi
 	stash=$2
 
-	git-checkout -b $branch $stash^ &&
+	git checkout -b $branch $stash^ &&
 	apply_stash --index $stash &&
 	drop_stash $stash
 }
 
+# The default command is "save" if nothing but options are given
+seen_non_option=
+for opt
+do
+	case "$opt" in
+	-*) ;;
+	*) seen_non_option=t; break ;;
+	esac
+done
+
+test -n "$seen_non_option" || set "save" "$@"
+
 # Main command set
 case "$1" in
 list)
 	shift
-	if test $# = 0
-	then
-		set x -n 10
-		shift
-	fi
 	list_stash "$@"
 	;;
 show)
@@ -309,12 +424,13 @@ branch)
 	apply_to_branch "$@"
 	;;
 *)
-	if test $# -eq 0
-	then
+	case $# in
+	0)
 		save_stash &&
-		echo '(To restore them type "git stash apply")'
-	else
+		say '(To restore them type "git stash apply")'
+		;;
+	*)
 		usage
-	fi
+	esac
 	;;
 esac
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 220d94ec0..77d223292 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -4,9 +4,14 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Lars Hjemli
 
-USAGE="[--quiet] [--cached] \
-[add <repo> [-b branch] <path>]|[status|init|update [-i|--init]|summary [-n|--summary-limit <n>] [<commit>]] \
-[--] [<path>...]|[foreach <command>]|[sync [--] [<path>...]]"
+dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
+USAGE="[--quiet] add [-b branch] [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase] [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] sync [--] [<path>...]"
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 . git-parse-remote
@@ -14,19 +19,12 @@ require_work_tree
 
 command=
 branch=
-quiet=
+reference=
 cached=
-
-#
-# print stuff on stdout unless -q was specified
-#
-say()
-{
-	if test -z "$quiet"
-	then
-		echo "$@"
-	fi
-}
+files=
+nofetch=
+update=
+prefix=
 
 # Resolve relative url by appending to parent's url
 resolve_relative_url ()
@@ -59,7 +57,7 @@ resolve_relative_url ()
 #
 module_list()
 {
-	git ls-files --stage -- "$@" | grep '^160000 '
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch --stage -- "$@" | sane_grep '^160000 '
 }
 
 #
@@ -90,6 +88,7 @@ module_clone()
 {
 	path=$1
 	url=$2
+	reference="$3"
 
 	# If there already is a directory at the submodule path,
 	# expect it to be empty (since that is the default checkout
@@ -99,13 +98,18 @@ module_clone()
 	if test -d "$path"
 	then
 		rmdir "$path" 2>/dev/null ||
-		die "Directory '$path' exist, but is neither empty nor a git repository"
+		die "Directory '$path' exists, but is neither empty nor a git repository"
 	fi
 
 	test -e "$path" &&
 	die "A file already exist at path '$path'"
 
-	git-clone -n "$url" "$path" ||
+	if test -n "$reference"
+	then
+		git-clone "$reference" -n "$url" "$path"
+	else
+		git-clone -n "$url" "$path"
+	fi ||
 	die "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$path' failed"
 }
 
@@ -128,7 +132,16 @@ cmd_add()
 			shift
 			;;
 		-q|--quiet)
-			quiet=1
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			;;
+		--reference)
+			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
+			reference="--reference=$2"
+			shift
+			;;
+		--reference=*)
+			reference="$1"
+			shift
 			;;
 		--)
 			shift
@@ -147,6 +160,11 @@ cmd_add()
 	repo=$1
 	path=$2
 
+	if test -z "$path"; then
+		path=$(echo "$repo" |
+			sed -e 's|/$||' -e 's|:*/*\.git$||' -e 's|.*[/:]||g')
+	fi
+
 	if test -z "$repo" -o -z "$path"; then
 		usage
 	fi
@@ -166,9 +184,18 @@ cmd_add()
 	;;
 	esac
 
-	# strip trailing slashes from path
-	path=$(echo "$path" | sed -e 's|/*$||')
-
+	# normalize path:
+	# multiple //; leading ./; /./; /../; trailing /
+	path=$(printf '%s/\n' "$path" |
+		sed -e '
+			s|//*|/|g
+			s|^\(\./\)*||
+			s|/\./|/|g
+			:start
+			s|\([^/]*\)/\.\./||
+			tstart
+			s|/*$||
+		')
 	git ls-files --error-unmatch "$path" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
 	die "'$path' already exists in the index"
 
@@ -193,9 +220,16 @@ cmd_add()
 		git config submodule."$path".url "$url"
 	else
 
-		module_clone "$path" "$realrepo" || exit
-		(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" && git checkout -f -q ${branch:+-b "$branch" "origin/$branch"}) ||
-		die "Unable to checkout submodule '$path'"
+		module_clone "$path" "$realrepo" "$reference" || exit
+		(
+			unset GIT_DIR
+			cd "$path" &&
+			# ash fails to wordsplit ${branch:+-b "$branch"...}
+			case "$branch" in
+			'') git checkout -f -q ;;
+			?*) git checkout -f -q -b "$branch" "origin/$branch" ;;
+			esac
+		) || die "Unable to checkout submodule '$path'"
 	fi
 
 	git add "$path" ||
@@ -215,13 +249,43 @@ cmd_add()
 #
 cmd_foreach()
 {
+	# parse $args after "submodule ... foreach".
+	while test $# -ne 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		-q|--quiet)
+			GIT_QUIET=1
+			;;
+		--recursive)
+			recursive=1
+			;;
+		-*)
+			usage
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+
 	module_list |
 	while read mode sha1 stage path
 	do
 		if test -e "$path"/.git
 		then
-			say "Entering '$path'"
-			(cd "$path" && eval "$@") ||
+			say "Entering '$prefix$path'"
+			name=$(module_name "$path")
+			(
+				prefix="$prefix$path/"
+				unset GIT_DIR
+				cd "$path" &&
+				eval "$@" &&
+				if test -n "$recursive"
+				then
+					cmd_foreach "--recursive" "$@"
+				fi
+			) ||
 			die "Stopping at '$path'; script returned non-zero status."
 		fi
 	done
@@ -239,7 +303,7 @@ cmd_init()
 	do
 		case "$1" in
 		-q|--quiet)
-			quiet=1
+			GIT_QUIET=1
 			;;
 		--)
 			shift
@@ -277,6 +341,11 @@ cmd_init()
 		git config submodule."$name".url "$url" ||
 		die "Failed to register url for submodule path '$path'"
 
+		upd="$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name".update)"
+		test -z "$upd" ||
+		git config submodule."$name".update "$upd" ||
+		die "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$path'"
+
 		say "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$path'"
 	done
 }
@@ -289,16 +358,42 @@ cmd_init()
 cmd_update()
 {
 	# parse $args after "submodule ... update".
+	orig_args="$@"
 	while test $# -ne 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
 		-q|--quiet)
 			shift
-			quiet=1
+			GIT_QUIET=1
 			;;
 		-i|--init)
+			init=1
 			shift
-			cmd_init "$@" || return
+			;;
+		-N|--no-fetch)
+			shift
+			nofetch=1
+			;;
+		-r|--rebase)
+			shift
+			update="rebase"
+			;;
+		--reference)
+			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
+			reference="--reference=$2"
+			shift 2
+			;;
+		--reference=*)
+			reference="$1"
+			shift
+			;;
+		-m|--merge)
+			shift
+			update="merge"
+			;;
+		--recursive)
+			shift
+			recursive=1
 			;;
 		--)
 			shift
@@ -313,11 +408,17 @@ cmd_update()
 		esac
 	done
 
+	if test -n "$init"
+	then
+		cmd_init "--" "$@" || return
+	fi
+
 	module_list "$@" |
 	while read mode sha1 stage path
 	do
 		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
 		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+		update_module=$(git config submodule."$name".update)
 		if test -z "$url"
 		then
 			# Only mention uninitialized submodules when its
@@ -330,7 +431,7 @@ cmd_update()
 
 		if ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
 		then
-			module_clone "$path" "$url" || exit
+			module_clone "$path" "$url" "$reference"|| exit
 			subsha1=
 		else
 			subsha1=$(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" &&
@@ -338,6 +439,11 @@ cmd_update()
 			die "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$path'"
 		fi
 
+		if ! test -z "$update"
+		then
+			update_module=$update
+		fi
+
 		if test "$subsha1" != "$sha1"
 		then
 			force=
@@ -345,11 +451,41 @@ cmd_update()
 			then
 				force="-f"
 			fi
-			(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" && git-fetch &&
-				git-checkout $force -q "$sha1") ||
-			die "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
 
-			say "Submodule path '$path': checked out '$sha1'"
+			if test -z "$nofetch"
+			then
+				(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" &&
+					git-fetch) ||
+				die "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$path'"
+			fi
+
+			case "$update_module" in
+			rebase)
+				command="git rebase"
+				action="rebase"
+				msg="rebased onto"
+				;;
+			merge)
+				command="git merge"
+				action="merge"
+				msg="merged in"
+				;;
+			*)
+				command="git checkout $force -q"
+				action="checkout"
+				msg="checked out"
+				;;
+			esac
+
+			(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" && $command "$sha1") ||
+			die "Unable to $action '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+			say "Submodule path '$path': $msg '$sha1'"
+		fi
+
+		if test -n "$recursive"
+		then
+			(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" && cmd_update $orig_args) ||
+			die "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$path'"
 		fi
 	done
 }
@@ -377,6 +513,7 @@ set_name_rev () {
 cmd_summary() {
 	summary_limit=-1
 	for_status=
+	diff_cmd=diff-index
 
 	# parse $args after "submodule ... summary".
 	while test $# -ne 0
@@ -385,6 +522,9 @@ cmd_summary() {
 		--cached)
 			cached="$1"
 			;;
+		--files)
+			files="$1"
+			;;
 		--for-status)
 			for_status="$1"
 			;;
@@ -413,7 +553,7 @@ cmd_summary() {
 
 	test $summary_limit = 0 && return
 
-	if rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1^0" 2>/dev/null)
+	if rev=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1^0")
 	then
 		head=$rev
 		shift
@@ -421,10 +561,18 @@ cmd_summary() {
 		head=HEAD
 	fi
 
+	if [ -n "$files" ]
+	then
+		test -n "$cached" &&
+		die "--cached cannot be used with --files"
+		diff_cmd=diff-files
+		head=
+	fi
+
 	cd_to_toplevel
 	# Get modified modules cared by user
-	modules=$(git diff-index $cached --raw $head -- "$@" |
-		egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
+	modules=$(git $diff_cmd $cached --raw $head -- "$@" |
+		sane_egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
 		while read mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status name
 		do
 			# Always show modules deleted or type-changed (blob<->module)
@@ -437,8 +585,8 @@ cmd_summary() {
 
 	test -z "$modules" && return
 
-	git diff-index $cached --raw $head -- $modules |
-	egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
+	git $diff_cmd $cached --raw $head -- $modules |
+	sane_egrep '^:([0-7]* )?160000' |
 	cut -c2- |
 	while read mod_src mod_dst sha1_src sha1_dst status name
 	do
@@ -464,11 +612,11 @@ cmd_summary() {
 		missing_dst=
 
 		test $mod_src = 160000 &&
-		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse --verify $sha1_src^0 >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_src^0 >/dev/null &&
 		missing_src=t
 
 		test $mod_dst = 160000 &&
-		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse --verify $sha1_dst^0 >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+		! GIT_DIR="$name/.git" git-rev-parse -q --verify $sha1_dst^0 >/dev/null &&
 		missing_dst=t
 
 		total_commits=
@@ -560,15 +708,19 @@ cmd_summary() {
 cmd_status()
 {
 	# parse $args after "submodule ... status".
+	orig_args="$@"
 	while test $# -ne 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
 		-q|--quiet)
-			quiet=1
+			GIT_QUIET=1
 			;;
 		--cached)
 			cached=1
 			;;
+		--recursive)
+			recursive=1
+			;;
 		--)
 			shift
 			break
@@ -588,22 +740,34 @@ cmd_status()
 	do
 		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
 		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+		displaypath="$prefix$path"
 		if test -z "$url" || ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
 		then
-			say "-$sha1 $path"
+			say "-$sha1 $displaypath"
 			continue;
 		fi
 		set_name_rev "$path" "$sha1"
 		if git diff-files --quiet -- "$path"
 		then
-			say " $sha1 $path$revname"
+			say " $sha1 $displaypath$revname"
 		else
 			if test -z "$cached"
 			then
 				sha1=$(unset GIT_DIR; cd "$path" && git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 				set_name_rev "$path" "$sha1"
 			fi
-			say "+$sha1 $path$revname"
+			say "+$sha1 $displaypath$revname"
+		fi
+
+		if test -n "$recursive"
+		then
+			(
+				prefix="$displaypath/"
+				unset GIT_DIR
+				cd "$path" &&
+				cmd_status $orig_args
+			) ||
+			die "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$path'"
 		fi
 	done
 }
@@ -618,7 +782,7 @@ cmd_sync()
 	do
 		case "$1" in
 		-q|--quiet)
-			quiet=1
+			GIT_QUIET=1
 			shift
 			;;
 		--)
@@ -673,7 +837,7 @@ do
 		command=$1
 		;;
 	-q|--quiet)
-		quiet=1
+		GIT_QUIET=1
 		;;
 	-b|--branch)
 		case "$2" in
diff --git a/git-svn.perl b/git-svn.perl
index 914c707a9..650c9e5f0 100755
--- a/git-svn.perl
+++ b/git-svn.perl
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use warnings;
 use strict;
 use vars qw/	$AUTHOR $VERSION
 		$sha1 $sha1_short $_revision $_repository
-		$_q $_authors %users/;
+		$_q $_authors $_authors_prog %users/;
 $AUTHOR = 'Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>';
 $VERSION = '@@GIT_VERSION@@';
 
@@ -19,6 +19,16 @@ $ENV{GIT_DIR} ||= '.git';
 $Git::SVN::default_repo_id = 'svn';
 $Git::SVN::default_ref_id = $ENV{GIT_SVN_ID} || 'git-svn';
 $Git::SVN::Ra::_log_window_size = 100;
+$Git::SVN::_minimize_url = 'unset';
+
+if (! exists $ENV{SVN_SSH}) {
+	if (exists $ENV{GIT_SSH}) {
+		$ENV{SVN_SSH} = $ENV{GIT_SSH};
+		if ($^O eq 'msys') {
+			$ENV{SVN_SSH} =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;
+		}
+	}
+}
 
 $Git::SVN::Log::TZ = $ENV{TZ};
 $ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
@@ -31,6 +41,7 @@ require SVN::Delta;
 if ($SVN::Core::VERSION lt '1.1.0') {
 	fatal "Need SVN::Core 1.1.0 or better (got $SVN::Core::VERSION)";
 }
+my $can_compress = eval { require Compress::Zlib; 1};
 push @Git::SVN::Ra::ISA, 'SVN::Ra';
 push @SVN::Git::Editor::ISA, 'SVN::Delta::Editor';
 push @SVN::Git::Fetcher::ISA, 'SVN::Delta::Editor';
@@ -39,6 +50,8 @@ use Digest::MD5;
 use IO::File qw//;
 use File::Basename qw/dirname basename/;
 use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
+use File::Spec;
+use File::Find;
 use Getopt::Long qw/:config gnu_getopt no_ignore_case auto_abbrev/;
 use IPC::Open3;
 use Git;
@@ -47,7 +60,8 @@ BEGIN {
 	# import functions from Git into our packages, en masse
 	no strict 'refs';
 	foreach (qw/command command_oneline command_noisy command_output_pipe
-	            command_input_pipe command_close_pipe/) {
+	            command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
+	            command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe/) {
 		for my $package ( qw(SVN::Git::Editor SVN::Git::Fetcher
 			Git::SVN::Migration Git::SVN::Log Git::SVN),
 			__PACKAGE__) {
@@ -61,38 +75,42 @@ my ($SVN);
 $sha1 = qr/[a-f\d]{40}/;
 $sha1_short = qr/[a-f\d]{4,40}/;
 my ($_stdin, $_help, $_edit,
-	$_message, $_file,
+	$_message, $_file, $_branch_dest,
 	$_template, $_shared,
-	$_version, $_fetch_all, $_no_rebase,
+	$_version, $_fetch_all, $_no_rebase, $_fetch_parent,
 	$_merge, $_strategy, $_dry_run, $_local,
 	$_prefix, $_no_checkout, $_url, $_verbose,
 	$_git_format, $_commit_url, $_tag);
 $Git::SVN::_follow_parent = 1;
+$_q ||= 0;
 my %remote_opts = ( 'username=s' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_username,
                     'config-dir=s' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::config_dir,
-                    'no-auth-cache' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache );
+                    'no-auth-cache' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache,
+                    'ignore-paths=s' => \$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_ignore_regex );
 my %fc_opts = ( 'follow-parent|follow!' => \$Git::SVN::_follow_parent,
 		'authors-file|A=s' => \$_authors,
+		'authors-prog=s' => \$_authors_prog,
 		'repack:i' => \$Git::SVN::_repack,
 		'noMetadata' => \$Git::SVN::_no_metadata,
 		'useSvmProps' => \$Git::SVN::_use_svm_props,
 		'useSvnsyncProps' => \$Git::SVN::_use_svnsync_props,
 		'log-window-size=i' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::_log_window_size,
 		'no-checkout' => \$_no_checkout,
-		'quiet|q' => \$_q,
+		'quiet|q+' => \$_q,
 		'repack-flags|repack-args|repack-opts=s' =>
 		   \$Git::SVN::_repack_flags,
 		'use-log-author' => \$Git::SVN::_use_log_author,
 		'add-author-from' => \$Git::SVN::_add_author_from,
+		'localtime' => \$Git::SVN::_localtime,
 		%remote_opts );
 
-my ($_trunk, $_tags, $_branches, $_stdlayout);
+my ($_trunk, @_tags, @_branches, $_stdlayout);
 my %icv;
 my %init_opts = ( 'template=s' => \$_template, 'shared:s' => \$_shared,
-                  'trunk|T=s' => \$_trunk, 'tags|t=s' => \$_tags,
-                  'branches|b=s' => \$_branches, 'prefix=s' => \$_prefix,
+                  'trunk|T=s' => \$_trunk, 'tags|t=s@' => \@_tags,
+                  'branches|b=s@' => \@_branches, 'prefix=s' => \$_prefix,
                   'stdlayout|s' => \$_stdlayout,
-                  'minimize-url|m' => \$Git::SVN::_minimize_url,
+                  'minimize-url|m!' => \$Git::SVN::_minimize_url,
 		  'no-metadata' => sub { $icv{noMetadata} = 1 },
 		  'use-svm-props' => sub { $icv{useSvmProps} = 1 },
 		  'use-svnsync-props' => sub { $icv{useSvnsyncProps} = 1 },
@@ -109,6 +127,7 @@ my %cmd = (
 	fetch => [ \&cmd_fetch, "Download new revisions from SVN",
 			{ 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
 			  'fetch-all|all' => \$_fetch_all,
+			  'parent|p' => \$_fetch_parent,
 			   %fc_opts } ],
 	clone => [ \&cmd_clone, "Initialize and fetch revisions",
 			{ 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
@@ -134,19 +153,24 @@ my %cmd = (
 	branch => [ \&cmd_branch,
 	            'Create a branch in the SVN repository',
 	            { 'message|m=s' => \$_message,
+	              'destination|d=s' => \$_branch_dest,
 	              'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run,
 		      'tag|t' => \$_tag } ],
 	tag => [ sub { $_tag = 1; cmd_branch(@_) },
 	         'Create a tag in the SVN repository',
 	         { 'message|m=s' => \$_message,
+	           'destination|d=s' => \$_branch_dest,
 	           'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run } ],
 	'set-tree' => [ \&cmd_set_tree,
 	                "Set an SVN repository to a git tree-ish",
-			{ 'stdin|' => \$_stdin, %cmt_opts, %fc_opts, } ],
+			{ 'stdin' => \$_stdin, %cmt_opts, %fc_opts, } ],
 	'create-ignore' => [ \&cmd_create_ignore,
 			     'Create a .gitignore per svn:ignore',
 			     { 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision
 			     } ],
+	'mkdirs' => [ \&cmd_mkdirs ,
+	              "recreate empty directories after a checkout",
+	              { 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision } ],
         'propget' => [ \&cmd_propget,
 		       'Print the value of a property on a file or directory',
 		       { 'revision|r=i' => \$_revision } ],
@@ -204,6 +228,14 @@ my %cmd = (
 	'blame' => [ \&Git::SVN::Log::cmd_blame,
 	            "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file",
 		    { 'git-format' => \$_git_format } ],
+	'reset' => [ \&cmd_reset,
+		     "Undo fetches back to the specified SVN revision",
+		     { 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
+		       'parent|p' => \$_fetch_parent } ],
+	'gc' => [ \&cmd_gc,
+		  "Compress unhandled.log files in .git/svn and remove " .
+		  "index files in .git/svn",
+		{} ],
 );
 
 my $cmd;
@@ -212,6 +244,9 @@ for (my $i = 0; $i < @ARGV; $i++) {
 		$cmd = $ARGV[$i];
 		splice @ARGV, $i, 1;
 		last;
+	} elsif ($ARGV[$i] eq 'help') {
+		$cmd = $ARGV[$i+1];
+		usage(0);
 	}
 };
 
@@ -242,7 +277,7 @@ unless ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
 
 my %opts = %{$cmd{$cmd}->[2]} if (defined $cmd);
 
-read_repo_config(\%opts);
+read_git_config(\%opts);
 if ($cmd && ($cmd eq 'log' || $cmd eq 'blame')) {
 	Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through');
 }
@@ -258,6 +293,9 @@ usage(0) if $_help;
 version() if $_version;
 usage(1) unless defined $cmd;
 load_authors() if $_authors;
+if (defined $_authors_prog) {
+	$_authors_prog = "'" . File::Spec->rel2abs($_authors_prog) . "'";
+}
 
 unless ($cmd =~ /^(?:clone|init|multi-init|commit-diff)$/) {
 	Git::SVN::Migration::migration_check();
@@ -323,6 +361,7 @@ sub do_git_init_db {
 		command_noisy(@init_db);
 		$_repository = Git->repository(Repository => ".git");
 	}
+	command_noisy('config', 'core.autocrlf', 'false');
 	my $set;
 	my $pfx = "svn-remote.$Git::SVN::default_repo_id";
 	foreach my $i (keys %icv) {
@@ -331,6 +370,9 @@ sub do_git_init_db {
 		command_noisy('config', "$pfx.$i", $icv{$i});
 		$set = $i;
 	}
+	my $ignore_regex = \$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_ignore_regex;
+	command_noisy('config', "$pfx.ignore-paths", $$ignore_regex)
+		if defined $$ignore_regex;
 }
 
 sub init_subdir {
@@ -344,30 +386,38 @@ sub init_subdir {
 sub cmd_clone {
 	my ($url, $path) = @_;
 	if (!defined $path &&
-	    (defined $_trunk || defined $_branches || defined $_tags ||
+	    (defined $_trunk || @_branches || @_tags ||
 	     defined $_stdlayout) &&
 	    $url !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
 		$path = $url;
 	}
 	$path = basename($url) if !defined $path || !length $path;
+	my $authors_absolute = $_authors ? File::Spec->rel2abs($_authors) : "";
 	cmd_init($url, $path);
+	command_oneline('config', 'svn.authorsfile', $authors_absolute)
+	    if $_authors;
 	Git::SVN::fetch_all($Git::SVN::default_repo_id);
 }
 
 sub cmd_init {
 	if (defined $_stdlayout) {
 		$_trunk = 'trunk' if (!defined $_trunk);
-		$_tags = 'tags' if (!defined $_tags);
-		$_branches = 'branches' if (!defined $_branches);
+		@_tags = 'tags' if (! @_tags);
+		@_branches = 'branches' if (! @_branches);
 	}
-	if (defined $_trunk || defined $_branches || defined $_tags) {
+	if (defined $_trunk || @_branches || @_tags) {
 		return cmd_multi_init(@_);
 	}
 	my $url = shift or die "SVN repository location required ",
 	                       "as a command-line argument\n";
+	$url = canonicalize_url($url);
 	init_subdir(@_);
 	do_git_init_db();
 
+	if ($Git::SVN::_minimize_url eq 'unset') {
+		$Git::SVN::_minimize_url = 0;
+	}
+
 	Git::SVN->init($url);
 }
 
@@ -378,12 +428,22 @@ sub cmd_fetch {
 	}
 	my ($remote) = @_;
 	if (@_ > 1) {
-		die "Usage: $0 fetch [--all] [svn-remote]\n";
+		die "Usage: $0 fetch [--all] [--parent] [svn-remote]\n";
 	}
-	$remote ||= $Git::SVN::default_repo_id;
-	if ($_fetch_all) {
+	$Git::SVN::no_reuse_existing = undef;
+	if ($_fetch_parent) {
+		my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+		unless ($gs) {
+			die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ",
+			    "working tree history\n";
+		}
+	        # just fetch, don't checkout.
+		$_no_checkout = 'true';
+		$_fetch_all ? $gs->fetch_all : $gs->fetch;
+	} elsif ($_fetch_all) {
 		cmd_multi_fetch();
 	} else {
+		$remote ||= $Git::SVN::default_repo_id;
 		Git::SVN::fetch_all($remote, Git::SVN::read_all_remotes());
 	}
 }
@@ -430,13 +490,37 @@ sub cmd_dcommit {
 		'Cannot dcommit with a dirty index.  Commit your changes first, '
 		. "or stash them with `git stash'.\n";
 	$head ||= 'HEAD';
+
+	my $old_head;
+	if ($head ne 'HEAD') {
+		$old_head = eval {
+			command_oneline([qw/symbolic-ref -q HEAD/])
+		};
+		if ($old_head) {
+			$old_head =~ s{^refs/heads/}{};
+		} else {
+			$old_head = eval { command_oneline(qw/rev-parse HEAD/) };
+		}
+		command(['checkout', $head], STDERR => 0);
+	}
+
 	my @refs;
-	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info($head, \@refs);
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD', \@refs);
 	unless ($gs) {
 		die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ",
 		    "$head history.\nPerhaps the repository is empty.";
 	}
-	$url = defined $_commit_url ? $_commit_url : $gs->full_url;
+
+	if (defined $_commit_url) {
+		$url = $_commit_url;
+	} else {
+		$url = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
+			      "svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.commiturl") };
+		if (!$url) {
+			$url = $gs->full_url
+		}
+	}
+
 	my $last_rev = $_revision if defined $_revision;
 	if ($url) {
 		print "Committing to $url ...\n";
@@ -507,7 +591,7 @@ sub cmd_dcommit {
 			if (@diff) {
 				@refs = ();
 				my ($url_, $rev_, $uuid_, $gs_) =
-				              working_head_info($head, \@refs);
+				              working_head_info('HEAD', \@refs);
 				my ($linear_refs_, $parents_) =
 				              linearize_history($gs_, \@refs);
 				if (scalar(@$linear_refs) !=
@@ -525,8 +609,15 @@ sub cmd_dcommit {
 					  "\nBefore dcommitting";
 				}
 				if ($url_ ne $expect_url) {
-					fatal "URL mismatch after rebase: ",
-					      "$url_ != $expect_url";
+					if ($url_ eq $gs->metadata_url) {
+						print
+						  "Accepting rewritten URL:",
+						  " $url_\n";
+					} else {
+						fatal
+						  "URL mismatch after rebase:",
+						  " $url_ != $expect_url";
+					}
 				}
 				if ($uuid_ ne $uuid) {
 					fatal "uuid mismatch after rebase: ",
@@ -545,6 +636,22 @@ sub cmd_dcommit {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	if ($old_head) {
+		my $new_head = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse HEAD/);
+		my $new_is_symbolic = eval {
+			command_oneline(qw/symbolic-ref -q HEAD/);
+		};
+		if ($new_is_symbolic) {
+			print "dcommitted the branch ", $head, "\n";
+		} else {
+			print "dcommitted on a detached HEAD because you gave ",
+			      "a revision argument.\n",
+			      "The rewritten commit is: ", $new_head, "\n";
+		}
+		command(['checkout', $old_head], STDERR => 0);
+	}
+
 	unlink $gs->{index};
 }
 
@@ -556,10 +663,50 @@ sub cmd_branch {
 	}
 	$head ||= 'HEAD';
 
-	my ($src, $rev, undef, $gs) = working_head_info($head);
+	my (undef, $rev, undef, $gs) = working_head_info($head);
+	my $src = $gs->full_url;
 
-	my $remote = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes()->{svn};
-	my $glob = $remote->{ $_tag ? 'tags' : 'branches' };
+	my $remote = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes()->{$gs->{repo_id}};
+	my $allglobs = $remote->{ $_tag ? 'tags' : 'branches' };
+	my $glob;
+	if ($#{$allglobs} == 0) {
+		$glob = $allglobs->[0];
+	} else {
+		unless(defined $_branch_dest) {
+			die "Multiple ",
+			    $_tag ? "tag" : "branch",
+			    " paths defined for Subversion repository.\n",
+		            "You must specify where you want to create the ",
+		            $_tag ? "tag" : "branch",
+		            " with the --destination argument.\n";
+		}
+		foreach my $g (@{$allglobs}) {
+			# SVN::Git::Editor could probably be moved to Git.pm..
+			my $re = SVN::Git::Editor::glob2pat($g->{path}->{left});
+			if ($_branch_dest =~ /$re/) {
+				$glob = $g;
+				last;
+			}
+		}
+		unless (defined $glob) {
+			my $dest_re = qr/\b\Q$_branch_dest\E\b/;
+			foreach my $g (@{$allglobs}) {
+				$g->{path}->{left} =~ /$dest_re/ or next;
+				if (defined $glob) {
+					die "Ambiguous destination: ",
+					    $_branch_dest, "\nmatches both '",
+					    $glob->{path}->{left}, "' and '",
+					    $g->{path}->{left}, "'\n";
+				}
+				$glob = $g;
+			}
+			unless (defined $glob) {
+				die "Unknown ",
+				    $_tag ? "tag" : "branch",
+				    " destination $_branch_dest\n";
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	my ($lft, $rgt) = @{ $glob->{path} }{qw/left right/};
 	my $dst = join '/', $remote->{url}, $lft, $branch_name, ($rgt || ());
 
@@ -629,6 +776,7 @@ sub cmd_rebase {
 		$_fetch_all ? $gs->fetch_all : $gs->fetch;
 	}
 	command_noisy(rebase_cmd(), $gs->refname);
+	$gs->mkemptydirs;
 }
 
 sub cmd_show_ignore {
@@ -640,6 +788,7 @@ sub cmd_show_ignore {
 		print STDOUT "\n# $path\n";
 		my $s = $props->{'svn:ignore'} or return;
 		$s =~ s/[\r\n]+/\n/g;
+		$s =~ s/^\n+//;
 		chomp $s;
 		$s =~ s#^#$path#gm;
 		print STDOUT "$s\n";
@@ -668,11 +817,16 @@ sub cmd_create_ignore {
 	$gs->prop_walk($gs->{path}, $r, sub {
 		my ($gs, $path, $props) = @_;
 		# $path is of the form /path/to/dir/
-		my $ignore = '.' . $path . '.gitignore';
+		$path = '.' . $path;
+		# SVN can have attributes on empty directories,
+		# which git won't track
+		mkpath([$path]) unless -d $path;
+		my $ignore = $path . '.gitignore';
 		my $s = $props->{'svn:ignore'} or return;
 		open(GITIGNORE, '>', $ignore)
 		  or fatal("Failed to open `$ignore' for writing: $!");
 		$s =~ s/[\r\n]+/\n/g;
+		$s =~ s/^\n+//;
 		chomp $s;
 		# Prefix all patterns so that the ignore doesn't apply
 		# to sub-directories.
@@ -684,6 +838,12 @@ sub cmd_create_ignore {
 	});
 }
 
+sub cmd_mkdirs {
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
+	$gs->mkemptydirs($_revision);
+}
+
 sub canonicalize_path {
 	my ($path) = @_;
 	my $dot_slash_added = 0;
@@ -703,6 +863,12 @@ sub canonicalize_path {
 	return $path;
 }
 
+sub canonicalize_url {
+	my ($url) = @_;
+	$url =~ s#^([^:]+://[^/]*/)(.*)$#$1 . canonicalize_path($2)#e;
+	return $url;
+}
+
 # get_svnprops(PATH)
 # ------------------
 # Helper for cmd_propget and cmd_proplist below.
@@ -762,22 +928,18 @@ sub cmd_proplist {
 
 sub cmd_multi_init {
 	my $url = shift;
-	unless (defined $_trunk || defined $_branches || defined $_tags) {
+	unless (defined $_trunk || @_branches || @_tags) {
 		usage(1);
 	}
 
-	# there are currently some bugs that prevent multi-init/multi-fetch
-	# setups from working well without this.
-	$Git::SVN::_minimize_url = 1;
-
 	$_prefix = '' unless defined $_prefix;
 	if (defined $url) {
-		$url =~ s#/+$##;
+		$url = canonicalize_url($url);
 		init_subdir(@_);
 	}
 	do_git_init_db();
 	if (defined $_trunk) {
-		my $trunk_ref = $_prefix . 'trunk';
+		my $trunk_ref = 'refs/remotes/' . $_prefix . 'trunk';
 		# try both old-style and new-style lookups:
 		my $gs_trunk = eval { Git::SVN->new($trunk_ref) };
 		unless ($gs_trunk) {
@@ -787,13 +949,18 @@ sub cmd_multi_init {
 						   undef, $trunk_ref);
 		}
 	}
-	return unless defined $_branches || defined $_tags;
+	return unless @_branches || @_tags;
 	my $ra = $url ? Git::SVN::Ra->new($url) : undef;
-	complete_url_ls_init($ra, $_branches, '--branches/-b', $_prefix);
-	complete_url_ls_init($ra, $_tags, '--tags/-t', $_prefix . 'tags/');
+	foreach my $path (@_branches) {
+		complete_url_ls_init($ra, $path, '--branches/-b', $_prefix);
+	}
+	foreach my $path (@_tags) {
+		complete_url_ls_init($ra, $path, '--tags/-t', $_prefix.'tags/');
+	}
 }
 
 sub cmd_multi_fetch {
+	$Git::SVN::no_reuse_existing = undef;
 	my $remotes = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes();
 	foreach my $repo_id (sort keys %$remotes) {
 		if ($remotes->{$repo_id}->{url}) {
@@ -911,7 +1078,8 @@ sub cmd_info {
 	if ($@) {
 		$result .= "Repository Root: (offline)\n";
 	}
-	$result .= "Repository UUID: $uuid\n" unless $diff_status eq "A";
+	$result .= "Repository UUID: $uuid\n" unless $diff_status eq "A" &&
+		($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.5.4' || $file_type ne "dir");
 	$result .= "Revision: " . ($diff_status eq "A" ? 0 : $rev) . "\n";
 
 	$result .= "Node Kind: " .
@@ -982,6 +1150,28 @@ sub cmd_info {
 	print $result, "\n";
 }
 
+sub cmd_reset {
+	my $target = shift || $_revision or die "SVN revision required\n";
+	$target = $1 if $target =~ /^r(\d+)$/;
+	$target =~ /^\d+$/ or die "Numeric SVN revision expected\n";
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
+	unless ($gs) {
+		die "Unable to determine upstream SVN information from ".
+		    "history\n";
+	}
+	my ($r, $c) = $gs->find_rev_before($target, not $_fetch_parent);
+	$gs->rev_map_set($r, $c, 'reset', $uuid);
+	print "r$r = $c ($gs->{ref_id})\n";
+}
+
+sub cmd_gc {
+	if (!$can_compress) {
+		warn "Compress::Zlib could not be found; unhandled.log " .
+		     "files will not be compressed.\n";
+	}
+	find({ wanted => \&gc_directory, no_chdir => 1}, "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn");
+}
+
 ########################### utility functions #########################
 
 sub rebase_cmd {
@@ -997,6 +1187,17 @@ sub post_fetch_checkout {
 	my $gs = $Git::SVN::_head or return;
 	return if verify_ref('refs/heads/master^0');
 
+	# look for "trunk" ref if it exists
+	my $remote = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes()->{$gs->{repo_id}};
+	my $fetch = $remote->{fetch};
+	if ($fetch) {
+		foreach my $p (keys %$fetch) {
+			basename($fetch->{$p}) eq 'trunk' or next;
+			$gs = Git::SVN->new($fetch->{$p}, $gs->{repo_id}, $p);
+			last;
+		}
+	}
+
 	my $valid_head = verify_ref('HEAD^0');
 	command_noisy(qw(update-ref refs/heads/master), $gs->refname);
 	return if ($valid_head || !verify_ref('HEAD^0'));
@@ -1010,6 +1211,7 @@ sub post_fetch_checkout {
 	command_noisy(qw/read-tree -m -u -v HEAD HEAD/);
 	print STDERR "Checked out HEAD:\n  ",
 	             $gs->full_url, " r", $gs->last_rev, "\n";
+	$gs->mkemptydirs($gs->last_rev);
 }
 
 sub complete_svn_url {
@@ -1051,7 +1253,8 @@ sub complete_url_ls_init {
 		    "wanted to set to: $gs->{url}\n";
 	}
 	command_oneline('config', $k, $gs->{url}) unless $orig_url;
-	my $remote_path = "$ra->{svn_path}/$repo_path";
+	my $remote_path = "$gs->{path}/$repo_path";
+	$remote_path =~ s{%([0-9A-F]{2})}{chr hex($1)}ieg;
 	$remote_path =~ s#/+#/#g;
 	$remote_path =~ s#^/##g;
 	$remote_path .= "/*" if $remote_path !~ /\*/;
@@ -1060,6 +1263,7 @@ sub complete_url_ls_init {
 		die "--prefix='$pfx' must have a trailing slash '/'\n";
 	}
 	command_noisy('config',
+		      '--add',
 	              "svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.$n",
 	              "$remote_path:refs/remotes/$pfx*" .
 	                ('/*' x (($remote_path =~ tr/*/*/) - 1)) );
@@ -1133,22 +1337,32 @@ sub get_commit_entry {
 	close $log_fh or croak $!;
 
 	if ($_edit || ($type eq 'tree')) {
-		my $editor = $ENV{VISUAL} || $ENV{EDITOR} || 'vi';
-		# TODO: strip out spaces, comments, like git-commit.sh
-		system($editor, $commit_editmsg);
+		chomp(my $editor = command_oneline(qw(var GIT_EDITOR)));
+		system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, $commit_editmsg);
 	}
 	rename $commit_editmsg, $commit_msg or croak $!;
 	{
+		require Encode;
 		# SVN requires messages to be UTF-8 when entering the repo
 		local $/;
 		open $log_fh, '<', $commit_msg or croak $!;
 		binmode $log_fh;
 		chomp($log_entry{log} = <$log_fh>);
 
-		if (my $enc = Git::config('i18n.commitencoding')) {
-			require Encode;
-			Encode::from_to($log_entry{log}, $enc, 'UTF-8');
+		my $enc = Git::config('i18n.commitencoding') || 'UTF-8';
+		my $msg = $log_entry{log};
+
+		eval { $msg = Encode::decode($enc, $msg, 1) };
+		if ($@) {
+			die "Could not decode as $enc:\n", $msg,
+			    "\nPerhaps you need to set i18n.commitencoding\n";
 		}
+
+		eval { $msg = Encode::encode('UTF-8', $msg, 1) };
+		die "Could not encode as UTF-8:\n$msg\n" if $@;
+
+		$log_entry{log} = $msg;
+
 		close $log_fh or croak $!;
 	}
 	unlink $commit_msg;
@@ -1191,8 +1405,7 @@ sub load_authors {
 }
 
 # convert GetOpt::Long specs for use by git-config
-sub read_repo_config {
-	return unless -d $ENV{GIT_DIR};
+sub read_git_config {
 	my $opts = shift;
 	my @config_only;
 	foreach my $o (keys %$opts) {
@@ -1222,11 +1435,11 @@ sub read_repo_config {
 sub extract_metadata {
 	my $id = shift or return (undef, undef, undef);
 	my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = ($id =~ /^\s*git-svn-id:\s+(.*)\@(\d+)
-							\s([a-f\d\-]+)$/x);
+							\s([a-f\d\-]+)$/ix);
 	if (!defined $rev || !$uuid || !$url) {
 		# some of the original repositories I made had
 		# identifiers like this:
-		($rev, $uuid) = ($id =~/^\s*git-svn-id:\s(\d+)\@([a-f\d\-]+)/);
+		($rev, $uuid) = ($id =~/^\s*git-svn-id:\s(\d+)\@([a-f\d\-]+)/i);
 	}
 	return ($url, $rev, $uuid);
 }
@@ -1236,6 +1449,40 @@ sub cmt_metadata {
 		command(qw/cat-file commit/, shift)))[-1]);
 }
 
+sub cmt_sha2rev_batch {
+	my %s2r;
+	my ($pid, $in, $out, $ctx) = command_bidi_pipe(qw/cat-file --batch/);
+	my $list = shift;
+
+	foreach my $sha (@{$list}) {
+		my $first = 1;
+		my $size = 0;
+		print $out $sha, "\n";
+
+		while (my $line = <$in>) {
+			if ($first && $line =~ /^[[:xdigit:]]{40}\smissing$/) {
+				last;
+			} elsif ($first &&
+			       $line =~ /^[[:xdigit:]]{40}\scommit\s(\d+)$/) {
+				$first = 0;
+				$size = $1;
+				next;
+			} elsif ($line =~ /^(git-svn-id: )/) {
+				my (undef, $rev, undef) =
+				                      extract_metadata($line);
+				$s2r{$sha} = $rev;
+			}
+
+			$size -= length($line);
+			last if ($size == 0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	command_close_bidi_pipe($pid, $in, $out, $ctx);
+
+	return \%s2r;
+}
+
 sub working_head_info {
 	my ($head, $refs) = @_;
 	my @args = ('log', '--no-color', '--first-parent', '--pretty=medium');
@@ -1356,6 +1603,25 @@ sub md5sum {
 	return $md5->hexdigest();
 }
 
+sub gc_directory {
+	if ($can_compress && -f $_ && basename($_) eq "unhandled.log") {
+		my $out_filename = $_ . ".gz";
+		open my $in_fh, "<", $_ or die "Unable to open $_: $!\n";
+		binmode $in_fh;
+		my $gz = Compress::Zlib::gzopen($out_filename, "ab") or
+				die "Unable to open $out_filename: $!\n";
+
+		my $res;
+		while ($res = sysread($in_fh, my $str, 1024)) {
+			$gz->gzwrite($str) or
+				die "Unable to write: ".$gz->gzerror()."!\n";
+		}
+		unlink $_ or die "unlink $File::Find::name: $!\n";
+	} elsif (-f $_ && basename($_) eq "index") {
+		unlink $_ or die "unlink $_: $!\n";
+	}
+}
+
 package Git::SVN;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
@@ -1364,11 +1630,12 @@ use constant rev_map_fmt => 'NH40';
 use vars qw/$default_repo_id $default_ref_id $_no_metadata $_follow_parent
             $_repack $_repack_flags $_use_svm_props $_head
             $_use_svnsync_props $no_reuse_existing $_minimize_url
-	    $_use_log_author $_add_author_from/;
+	    $_use_log_author $_add_author_from $_localtime/;
 use Carp qw/croak/;
 use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
 use File::Copy qw/copy/;
 use IPC::Open3;
+use Memoize;  # core since 5.8.0, Jul 2002
 
 my ($_gc_nr, $_gc_period);
 
@@ -1419,23 +1686,23 @@ sub resolve_local_globs {
 	return unless defined $glob_spec;
 	my $ref = $glob_spec->{ref};
 	my $path = $glob_spec->{path};
-	foreach (command(qw#for-each-ref --format=%(refname) refs/remotes#)) {
-		next unless m#^refs/remotes/$ref->{regex}$#;
+	foreach (command(qw#for-each-ref --format=%(refname) refs/#)) {
+		next unless m#^$ref->{regex}$#;
 		my $p = $1;
 		my $pathname = desanitize_refname($path->full_path($p));
 		my $refname = desanitize_refname($ref->full_path($p));
 		if (my $existing = $fetch->{$pathname}) {
 			if ($existing ne $refname) {
 				die "Refspec conflict:\n",
-				    "existing: refs/remotes/$existing\n",
-				    " globbed: refs/remotes/$refname\n";
+				    "existing: $existing\n",
+				    " globbed: $refname\n";
 			}
-			my $u = (::cmt_metadata("refs/remotes/$refname"))[0];
+			my $u = (::cmt_metadata("$refname"))[0];
 			$u =~ s!^\Q$url\E(/|$)!! or die
-			  "refs/remotes/$refname: '$url' not found in '$u'\n";
+			  "$refname: '$url' not found in '$u'\n";
 			if ($pathname ne $u) {
 				warn "W: Refspec glob conflict ",
-				     "(ref: refs/remotes/$refname):\n",
+				     "(ref: $refname):\n",
 				     "expected path: $pathname\n",
 				     "    real path: $u\n",
 				     "Continuing ahead with $u\n";
@@ -1476,12 +1743,18 @@ sub fetch_all {
 	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
 	my $uuid = $ra->get_uuid;
 	my $head = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
+
+	# ignore errors, $head revision may not even exist anymore
+	eval { $ra->get_log("", $head, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub { $head = $_[1] }) };
+	warn "W: $@\n" if $@;
+
 	my $base = defined $fetch ? $head : 0;
 
 	# read the max revs for wildcard expansion (branches/*, tags/*)
 	foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
 		defined $remote->{$t} or next;
-		push @globs, $remote->{$t};
+		push @globs, @{$remote->{$t}};
+
 		my $max_rev = eval { tmp_config(qw/--int --get/,
 		                         "svn-remote.$repo_id.${t}-maxRev") };
 		if (defined $max_rev && ($max_rev < $base)) {
@@ -1511,32 +1784,35 @@ sub read_all_remotes {
 	my $use_svm_props = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --bool
 	    svn.useSvmProps/) };
 	$use_svm_props = $use_svm_props eq 'true' if $use_svm_props;
+	my $svn_refspec = qr{\s*(.*?)\s*:\s*(.+?)\s*};
 	foreach (grep { s/^svn-remote\.// } command(qw/config -l/)) {
-		if (m!^(.+)\.fetch=\s*(.*)\s*:\s*(.+)\s*$!) {
-			my ($remote, $local_ref, $_remote_ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
-			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$_remote_ref' "
-			    . "must start with 'refs/remotes/'\n")
-				unless $_remote_ref =~ m{^refs/remotes/(.+)};
-			my $remote_ref = $1;
-			$local_ref =~ s{^/}{};
+		if (m!^(.+)\.fetch=$svn_refspec$!) {
+			my ($remote, $local_ref, $remote_ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
+			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$remote_ref' "
+			    . "must start with 'refs/'\n")
+				unless $remote_ref =~ m{^refs/};
 			$r->{$remote}->{fetch}->{$local_ref} = $remote_ref;
 			$r->{$remote}->{svm} = {} if $use_svm_props;
 		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.usesvmprops=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
 			$r->{$1}->{svm} = {};
 		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.url=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
 			$r->{$1}->{url} = $2;
-		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.(branches|tags)=
-		           (.*):refs/remotes/(.+)\s*$/!x) {
-			my ($p, $g) = ($3, $4);
-			my $rs = $r->{$1}->{$2} = {
-			                  t => $2,
-					  remote => $1,
-			                  path => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($p),
-			                  ref => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($g) };
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.(branches|tags)=$svn_refspec$!) {
+			my ($remote, $t, $local_ref, $remote_ref) =
+			                                     ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$remote_ref' ($t) "
+			    . "must start with 'refs/'\n")
+				unless $remote_ref =~ m{^refs/};
+			my $rs = {
+			    t => $t,
+			    remote => $remote,
+			    path => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($local_ref),
+			    ref => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($remote_ref) };
 			if (length($rs->{ref}->{right}) != 0) {
 				die "The '*' glob character must be the last ",
-				    "character of '$g'\n";
+				    "character of '$remote_ref'\n";
 			}
+			push @{ $r->{$remote}->{$t} }, $rs;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1644,14 +1920,15 @@ sub init_remote_config {
 		}
 	}
 	my ($xrepo_id, $xpath) = find_ref($self->refname);
-	if (defined $xpath) {
+	if (!$no_write && defined $xpath) {
 		die "svn-remote.$xrepo_id.fetch already set to track ",
-		    "$xpath:refs/remotes/", $self->refname, "\n";
+		    "$xpath:", $self->refname, "\n";
 	}
 	unless ($no_write) {
 		command_noisy('config',
 			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url", $url);
 		$self->{path} =~ s{^/}{};
+		$self->{path} =~ s{%([0-9A-F]{2})}{chr hex($1)}ieg;
 		command_noisy('config', '--add',
 			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.fetch",
 			      "$self->{path}:".$self->refname);
@@ -1676,9 +1953,10 @@ sub find_by_url { # repos_root and, path are optional
 		next if defined $repos_root && $repos_root ne $u;
 
 		my $fetch = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{fetch} || {};
-		foreach (qw/branches tags/) {
-			resolve_local_globs($u, $fetch,
-			                    $remotes->{$repo_id}->{$_});
+		foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
+			foreach my $globspec (@{$remotes->{$repo_id}->{$t}}) {
+				resolve_local_globs($u, $fetch, $globspec);
+			}
 		}
 		my $p = $path;
 		my $rwr = rewrite_root({repo_id => $repo_id});
@@ -1690,6 +1968,7 @@ sub find_by_url { # repos_root and, path are optional
 			my $prefix = '';
 			if ($rwr) {
 				$z = $rwr;
+				remove_username($z);
 			} elsif (defined $svm) {
 				$z = $svm->{source};
 				$prefix = $svm->{replace};
@@ -1719,7 +1998,7 @@ sub find_ref {
 	my ($ref_id) = @_;
 	foreach (command(qw/config -l/)) {
 		next unless m!^svn-remote\.(.+)\.fetch=
-		              \s*(.*)\s*:\s*refs/remotes/(.+)\s*$!x;
+		              \s*(.*?)\s*:\s*(.+?)\s*$!x;
 		my ($repo_id, $path, $ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
 		if ($ref eq $ref_id) {
 			$path = '' if ($path =~ m#^\./?#);
@@ -1736,16 +2015,16 @@ sub new {
 		if (!defined $repo_id) {
 			die "Could not find a \"svn-remote.*.fetch\" key ",
 			    "in the repository configuration matching: ",
-			    "refs/remotes/$ref_id\n";
+			    "$ref_id\n";
 		}
 	}
 	my $self = _new($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path);
 	if (!defined $self->{path} || !length $self->{path}) {
 		my $fetch = command_oneline('config', '--get',
 		                            "svn-remote.$repo_id.fetch",
-		                            ":refs/remotes/$ref_id\$") or
+		                            ":$ref_id\$") or
 		     die "Failed to read \"svn-remote.$repo_id.fetch\" ",
-		         "\":refs/remotes/$ref_id\$\" in config\n";
+		         "\":$ref_id\$\" in config\n";
 		($self->{path}, undef) = split(/\s*:\s*/, $fetch);
 	}
 	$self->{url} = command_oneline('config', '--get',
@@ -1756,7 +2035,7 @@ sub new {
 }
 
 sub refname {
-	my ($refname) = "refs/remotes/$_[0]->{ref_id}" ;
+	my ($refname) = $_[0]->{ref_id} ;
 
 	# It cannot end with a slash /, we'll throw up on this because
 	# SVN can't have directories with a slash in their name, either:
@@ -1835,7 +2114,7 @@ sub _set_svm_vars {
 
 		chomp($src, $uuid);
 
-		$uuid =~ m{^[0-9a-f\-]{30,}$}
+		$uuid =~ m{^[0-9a-f\-]{30,}$}i
 		    or die "doesn't look right - svm:uuid is '$uuid'\n";
 
 		# the '!' is used to mark the repos_root!/relative/path
@@ -1921,7 +2200,7 @@ sub svnsync {
 		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
 
 		my $uuid = tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-uuid");
-		($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}) or
+		($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
 		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
 
 		$svnsync = { url => $url, uuid => $uuid }
@@ -1939,7 +2218,7 @@ sub svnsync {
 	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
 
 	my $uuid = $rp->{'svn:sync-from-uuid'} or die $err . "uuid\n";
-	($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}) or
+	($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
 	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
 
 	my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
@@ -1955,7 +2234,7 @@ sub ra_uuid {
 	unless ($self->{ra_uuid}) {
 		my $key = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.uuid";
 		my $uuid = eval { tmp_config('--get', $key) };
-		if (!$@ && $uuid && $uuid =~ /^([a-f\d\-]{30,})$/) {
+		if (!$@ && $uuid && $uuid =~ /^([a-f\d\-]{30,})$/i) {
 			$self->{ra_uuid} = $uuid;
 		} else {
 			die "ra_uuid called without URL\n" unless $self->{url};
@@ -1998,16 +2277,6 @@ sub ra {
 	$ra;
 }
 
-sub rel_path {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $repos_root = $self->ra->{repos_root};
-	return $self->{path} if ($self->{url} eq $repos_root);
-	my $url = $self->{url} .
-	          (length $self->{path} ? "/$self->{path}" : $self->{path});
-	$url =~ s!^\Q$repos_root\E(?:/+|$)!!g;
-	$url;
-}
-
 # prop_walk(PATH, REV, SUB)
 # -------------------------
 # Recursively traverse PATH at revision REV and invoke SUB for each
@@ -2183,12 +2452,6 @@ sub get_commit_parents {
 		next if $seen{$p};
 		$seen{$p} = 1;
 		push @ret, $p;
-		# MAXPARENT is defined to 16 in commit-tree.c:
-		last if @ret >= 16;
-	}
-	if (@tmp) {
-		die "r$log_entry->{revision}: No room for parents:\n\t",
-		    join("\n\t", @tmp), "\n";
 	}
 	@ret;
 }
@@ -2313,13 +2576,13 @@ sub do_git_commit {
 
 	$self->{last_rev} = $log_entry->{revision};
 	$self->{last_commit} = $commit;
-	print "r$log_entry->{revision}";
+	print "r$log_entry->{revision}" unless $::_q > 1;
 	if (defined $log_entry->{svm_revision}) {
-		 print " (\@$log_entry->{svm_revision})";
+		 print " (\@$log_entry->{svm_revision})" unless $::_q > 1;
 		 $self->rev_map_set($log_entry->{svm_revision}, $commit,
 		                   0, $self->svm_uuid);
 	}
-	print " = $commit ($self->{ref_id})\n";
+	print " = $commit ($self->{ref_id})\n" unless $::_q > 1;
 	if (--$_gc_nr == 0) {
 		$_gc_nr = $_gc_period;
 		gc();
@@ -2356,15 +2619,14 @@ sub find_parent_branch {
 	unless (defined $paths) {
 		my $err_handler = $SVN::Error::handler;
 		$SVN::Error::handler = \&Git::SVN::Ra::skip_unknown_revs;
-		$self->ra->get_log([$self->{path}], $rev, $rev, 0, 1, 1, sub {
-		                   $paths =
-				      Git::SVN::Ra::dup_changed_paths($_[0]) });
+		$self->ra->get_log([$self->{path}], $rev, $rev, 0, 1, 1,
+				   sub { $paths = $_[0] });
 		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
 	}
 	return undef unless defined $paths;
 
 	# look for a parent from another branch:
-	my @b_path_components = split m#/#, $self->rel_path;
+	my @b_path_components = split m#/#, $self->{path};
 	my @a_path_components;
 	my $i;
 	while (@b_path_components) {
@@ -2382,45 +2644,43 @@ sub find_parent_branch {
 	my $r = $i->{copyfrom_rev};
 	my $repos_root = $self->ra->{repos_root};
 	my $url = $self->ra->{url};
-	my $new_url = $repos_root . $branch_from;
+	my $new_url = $url . $branch_from;
 	print STDERR  "Found possible branch point: ",
-	              "$new_url => ", $self->full_url, ", $r\n";
+	              "$new_url => ", $self->full_url, ", $r\n"
+	              unless $::_q > 1;
 	$branch_from =~ s#^/##;
-	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($new_url, $repos_root, $branch_from);
-	unless ($gs) {
-		my $ref_id = $self->{ref_id};
-		$ref_id =~ s/\@\d+$//;
-		$ref_id .= "\@$r";
-		# just grow a tail if we're not unique enough :x
-		$ref_id .= '-' while find_ref($ref_id);
-		print STDERR "Initializing parent: $ref_id\n";
-		my ($u, $p, $repo_id) = ($new_url, '', $ref_id);
-		if ($u =~ s#^\Q$url\E(/|$)##) {
-			$p = $u;
-			$u = $url;
-			$repo_id = $self->{repo_id};
-		}
-		$gs = Git::SVN->init($u, $p, $repo_id, $ref_id, 1);
-	}
+	my $gs = $self->other_gs($new_url, $url,
+		                 $branch_from, $r, $self->{ref_id});
 	my ($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
-	if (!defined $r0 || !defined $parent) {
-		my ($base, $head) = parse_revision_argument(0, $r);
-		if ($base <= $r) {
+	{
+		my ($base, $head);
+		if (!defined $r0 || !defined $parent) {
+			($base, $head) = parse_revision_argument(0, $r);
+		} else {
+			if ($r0 < $r) {
+				$gs->ra->get_log([$gs->{path}], $r0 + 1, $r, 1,
+					0, 1, sub { $base = $_[1] - 1 });
+			}
+		}
+		if (defined $base && $base <= $r) {
 			$gs->fetch($base, $r);
 		}
-		($r0, $parent) = $gs->last_rev_commit;
+		($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
 	}
 	if (defined $r0 && defined $parent) {
-		print STDERR "Found branch parent: ($self->{ref_id}) $parent\n";
+		print STDERR "Found branch parent: ($self->{ref_id}) $parent\n"
+		             unless $::_q > 1;
 		my $ed;
 		if ($self->ra->can_do_switch) {
 			$self->assert_index_clean($parent);
-			print STDERR "Following parent with do_switch\n";
+			print STDERR "Following parent with do_switch\n"
+			             unless $::_q > 1;
 			# do_switch works with svn/trunk >= r22312, but that
 			# is not included with SVN 1.4.3 (the latest version
 			# at the moment), so we can't rely on it
+			$self->{last_rev} = $r0;
 			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
-			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self);
+			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self, $gs->{path});
 			$gs->ra->gs_do_switch($r0, $rev, $gs,
 					      $self->full_url, $ed)
 			  or die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
@@ -2429,18 +2689,20 @@ sub find_parent_branch {
 			print STDERR "Trees match:\n",
 			             "  $new_url\@$r0\n",
 			             "  ${\$self->full_url}\@$rev\n",
-				     "Following parent with no changes\n";
+			             "Following parent with no changes\n"
+			             unless $::_q > 1;
 			$self->tmp_index_do(sub {
 			    command_noisy('read-tree', $parent);
 			});
 			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
 		} else {
-			print STDERR "Following parent with do_update\n";
+			print STDERR "Following parent with do_update\n"
+			             unless $::_q > 1;
 			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self);
 			$self->ra->gs_do_update($rev, $rev, $self, $ed)
 			  or die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
 		}
-		print STDERR "Successfully followed parent\n";
+		print STDERR "Successfully followed parent\n" unless $::_q > 1;
 		return $self->make_log_entry($rev, [$parent], $ed);
 	}
 	return undef;
@@ -2476,6 +2738,61 @@ sub do_fetch {
 	$self->make_log_entry($rev, \@parents, $ed);
 }
 
+sub mkemptydirs {
+	my ($self, $r) = @_;
+
+	sub scan {
+		my ($r, $empty_dirs, $line) = @_;
+		if (defined $r && $line =~ /^r(\d+)$/) {
+			return 0 if $1 > $r;
+		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \+empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
+			$empty_dirs->{$1} = 1;
+		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \-empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
+			my @d = grep {m[^\Q$1\E(/|$)]} (keys %$empty_dirs);
+			delete @$empty_dirs{@d};
+		}
+		1; # continue
+	};
+
+	my %empty_dirs = ();
+	my $gz_file = "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log.gz";
+	if (-f $gz_file) {
+		if (!$can_compress) {
+			warn "Compress::Zlib could not be found; ",
+			     "empty directories in $gz_file will not be read\n";
+		} else {
+			my $gz = Compress::Zlib::gzopen($gz_file, "rb") or
+				die "Unable to open $gz_file: $!\n";
+			my $line;
+			while ($gz->gzreadline($line) > 0) {
+				scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $line) or last;
+			}
+			$gz->gzclose;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (open my $fh, '<', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log") {
+		binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+		while (<$fh>) {
+			scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $_) or last;
+		}
+		close $fh;
+	}
+
+	my $strip = qr/\A\Q$self->{path}\E(?:\/|$)/;
+	foreach my $d (sort keys %empty_dirs) {
+		$d = uri_decode($d);
+		$d =~ s/$strip//;
+		next if -d $d;
+		if (-e _) {
+			warn "$d exists but is not a directory\n";
+		} else {
+			print "creating empty directory: $d\n";
+			mkpath([$d]);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 sub get_untracked {
 	my ($self, $ed) = @_;
 	my @out;
@@ -2518,32 +2835,371 @@ sub get_untracked {
 	\@out;
 }
 
+# parse_svn_date(DATE)
+# --------------------
+# Given a date (in UTC) from Subversion, return a string in the format
+# "<TZ Offset> <local date/time>" that Git will use.
+#
+# By default the parsed date will be in UTC; if $Git::SVN::_localtime
+# is true we'll convert it to the local timezone instead.
 sub parse_svn_date {
 	my $date = shift || return '+0000 1970-01-01 00:00:00';
 	my ($Y,$m,$d,$H,$M,$S) = ($date =~ /^(\d{4})\-(\d\d)\-(\d\d)T
-	                                    (\d\d)\:(\d\d)\:(\d\d).\d+Z$/x) or
+	                                    (\d\d)\:(\d\d)\:(\d\d)\.\d*Z$/x) or
 	                                 croak "Unable to parse date: $date\n";
-	"+0000 $Y-$m-$d $H:$M:$S";
+	my $parsed_date;    # Set next.
+
+	if ($Git::SVN::_localtime) {
+		# Translate the Subversion datetime to an epoch time.
+		# Begin by switching ourselves to $date's timezone, UTC.
+		my $old_env_TZ = $ENV{TZ};
+		$ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
+
+		my $epoch_in_UTC =
+		    POSIX::strftime('%s', $S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
+
+		# Determine our local timezone (including DST) at the
+		# time of $epoch_in_UTC.  $Git::SVN::Log::TZ stored the
+		# value of TZ, if any, at the time we were run.
+		if (defined $Git::SVN::Log::TZ) {
+			$ENV{TZ} = $Git::SVN::Log::TZ;
+		} else {
+			delete $ENV{TZ};
+		}
+
+		my $our_TZ =
+		    POSIX::strftime('%Z', $S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
+
+		# This converts $epoch_in_UTC into our local timezone.
+		my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year,
+		    $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime($epoch_in_UTC);
+
+		$parsed_date = sprintf('%s %04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d',
+				       $our_TZ, $year + 1900, $mon + 1,
+				       $mday, $hour, $min, $sec);
+
+		# Reset us to the timezone in effect when we entered
+		# this routine.
+		if (defined $old_env_TZ) {
+			$ENV{TZ} = $old_env_TZ;
+		} else {
+			delete $ENV{TZ};
+		}
+	} else {
+		$parsed_date = "+0000 $Y-$m-$d $H:$M:$S";
+	}
+
+	return $parsed_date;
+}
+
+sub other_gs {
+	my ($self, $new_url, $url,
+	    $branch_from, $r, $old_ref_id) = @_;
+	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($new_url, $url, $branch_from);
+	unless ($gs) {
+		my $ref_id = $old_ref_id;
+		$ref_id =~ s/\@\d+$//;
+		$ref_id .= "\@$r";
+		# just grow a tail if we're not unique enough :x
+		$ref_id .= '-' while find_ref($ref_id);
+		print STDERR "Initializing parent: $ref_id\n" unless $::_q > 1;
+		my ($u, $p, $repo_id) = ($new_url, '', $ref_id);
+		if ($u =~ s#^\Q$url\E(/|$)##) {
+			$p = $u;
+			$u = $url;
+			$repo_id = $self->{repo_id};
+		}
+		$gs = Git::SVN->init($u, $p, $repo_id, $ref_id, 1);
+	}
+	$gs
+}
+
+sub call_authors_prog {
+	my ($orig_author) = @_;
+	$orig_author = command_oneline('rev-parse', '--sq-quote', $orig_author);
+	my $author = `$::_authors_prog $orig_author`;
+	if ($? != 0) {
+		die "$::_authors_prog failed with exit code $?\n"
+	}
+	if ($author =~ /^\s*(.+?)\s*<(.*)>\s*$/) {
+		my ($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
+		$email = undef if length $2 == 0;
+		return [$name, $email];
+	} else {
+		die "Author: $orig_author: $::_authors_prog returned "
+			. "invalid author format: $author\n";
+	}
 }
 
 sub check_author {
 	my ($author) = @_;
 	if (!defined $author || length $author == 0) {
 		$author = '(no author)';
-	} elsif (defined $::_authors && ! defined $::users{$author}) {
-		die "Author: $author not defined in $::_authors file\n";
+	}
+	if (!defined $::users{$author}) {
+		if (defined $::_authors_prog) {
+			$::users{$author} = call_authors_prog($author);
+		} elsif (defined $::_authors) {
+			die "Author: $author not defined in $::_authors file\n";
+		}
 	}
 	$author;
 }
 
+sub find_extra_svk_parents {
+	my ($self, $ed, $tickets, $parents) = @_;
+	# aha!  svk:merge property changed...
+	my @tickets = split "\n", $tickets;
+	my @known_parents;
+	for my $ticket ( @tickets ) {
+		my ($uuid, $path, $rev) = split /:/, $ticket;
+		if ( $uuid eq $self->ra_uuid ) {
+			my $url = $self->rewrite_root || $self->{url};
+			my $repos_root = $url;
+			my $branch_from = $path;
+			$branch_from =~ s{^/}{};
+			my $gs = $self->other_gs($repos_root."/".$branch_from,
+			                         $url,
+			                         $branch_from,
+			                         $rev,
+			                         $self->{ref_id});
+			if ( my $commit = $gs->rev_map_get($rev, $uuid) ) {
+				# wahey!  we found it, but it might be
+				# an old one (!)
+				push @known_parents, [ $rev, $commit ];
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	# Ordering matters; highest-numbered commit merge tickets
+	# first, as they may account for later merge ticket additions
+	# or changes.
+	@known_parents = map {$_->[1]} sort {$b->[0] <=> $a->[0]} @known_parents;
+	for my $parent ( @known_parents ) {
+		my @cmd = ('rev-list', $parent, map { "^$_" } @$parents );
+		my ($msg_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@cmd);
+		my $new;
+		while ( <$msg_fh> ) {
+			$new=1;last;
+		}
+		command_close_pipe($msg_fh, $ctx);
+		if ( $new ) {
+			print STDERR
+			    "Found merge parent (svk:merge ticket): $parent\n";
+			push @$parents, $parent;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub lookup_svn_merge {
+	my $uuid = shift;
+	my $url = shift;
+	my $merge = shift;
+
+	my ($source, $revs) = split ":", $merge;
+	my $path = $source;
+	$path =~ s{^/}{};
+	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($url.$source, $url, $path);
+	if ( !$gs ) {
+		warn "Couldn't find revmap for $url$source\n";
+		return;
+	}
+	my @ranges = split ",", $revs;
+	my ($tip, $tip_commit);
+	my @merged_commit_ranges;
+	# find the tip
+	for my $range ( @ranges ) {
+		my ($bottom, $top) = split "-", $range;
+		$top ||= $bottom;
+		my $bottom_commit = $gs->find_rev_after( $bottom, 1, $top );
+		my $top_commit = $gs->find_rev_before( $top, 1, $bottom );
+
+		unless ($top_commit and $bottom_commit) {
+			warn "W:unknown path/rev in svn:mergeinfo "
+				."dirprop: $source:$range\n";
+			next;
+		}
+
+		push @merged_commit_ranges,
+			"$bottom_commit^..$top_commit";
+
+		if ( !defined $tip or $top > $tip ) {
+			$tip = $top;
+			$tip_commit = $top_commit;
+		}
+	}
+	return ($tip_commit, @merged_commit_ranges);
+}
+
+sub _rev_list {
+	my ($msg_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(
+		"rev-list", @_,
+	       );
+	my @rv;
+	while ( <$msg_fh> ) {
+		chomp;
+		push @rv, $_;
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($msg_fh, $ctx);
+	@rv;
+}
+
+sub check_cherry_pick {
+	my $base = shift;
+	my $tip = shift;
+	my @ranges = @_;
+	my %commits = map { $_ => 1 }
+		_rev_list("--no-merges", $tip, "--not", $base);
+	for my $range ( @ranges ) {
+		delete @commits{_rev_list($range)};
+	}
+	return (keys %commits);
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+	memoize 'lookup_svn_merge';
+	memoize 'check_cherry_pick';
+}
+
+sub parents_exclude {
+	my $parents = shift;
+	my @commits = @_;
+	return unless @commits;
+
+	my @excluded;
+	my $excluded;
+	do {
+		my @cmd = ('rev-list', "-1", @commits, "--not", @$parents );
+		$excluded = command_oneline(@cmd);
+		if ( $excluded ) {
+			my @new;
+			my $found;
+			for my $commit ( @commits ) {
+				if ( $commit eq $excluded ) {
+					push @excluded, $commit;
+					$found++;
+					last;
+				}
+				else {
+					push @new, $commit;
+				}
+			}
+			die "saw commit '$excluded' in rev-list output, "
+				."but we didn't ask for that commit (wanted: @commits --not @$parents)"
+					unless $found;
+			@commits = @new;
+		}
+	}
+		while ($excluded and @commits);
+
+	return @excluded;
+}
+
+
+# note: this function should only be called if the various dirprops
+# have actually changed
+sub find_extra_svn_parents {
+	my ($self, $ed, $mergeinfo, $parents) = @_;
+	# aha!  svk:merge property changed...
+
+	# We first search for merged tips which are not in our
+	# history.  Then, we figure out which git revisions are in
+	# that tip, but not this revision.  If all of those revisions
+	# are now marked as merge, we can add the tip as a parent.
+	my @merges = split "\n", $mergeinfo;
+	my @merge_tips;
+	my $url = $self->rewrite_root || $self->{url};
+	my $uuid = $self->ra_uuid;
+	my %ranges;
+	for my $merge ( @merges ) {
+		my ($tip_commit, @ranges) =
+			lookup_svn_merge( $uuid, $url, $merge );
+		unless (!$tip_commit or
+				grep { $_ eq $tip_commit } @$parents ) {
+			push @merge_tips, $tip_commit;
+			$ranges{$tip_commit} = \@ranges;
+		} else {
+			push @merge_tips, undef;
+		}
+	}
+
+	my %excluded = map { $_ => 1 }
+		parents_exclude($parents, grep { defined } @merge_tips);
+
+	# check merge tips for new parents
+	my @new_parents;
+	for my $merge_tip ( @merge_tips ) {
+		my $spec = shift @merges;
+		next unless $merge_tip and $excluded{$merge_tip};
+
+		my $ranges = $ranges{$merge_tip};
+
+		# check out 'new' tips
+		my $merge_base = command_oneline(
+			"merge-base",
+			@$parents, $merge_tip,
+		       );
+
+		# double check that there are no missing non-merge commits
+		my (@incomplete) = check_cherry_pick(
+			$merge_base, $merge_tip,
+			@$ranges,
+		       );
+
+		if ( @incomplete ) {
+			warn "W:svn cherry-pick ignored ($spec) - missing "
+				.@incomplete." commit(s) (eg $incomplete[0])\n";
+		} else {
+			warn
+				"Found merge parent (svn:mergeinfo prop): ",
+					$merge_tip, "\n";
+			push @new_parents, $merge_tip;
+		}
+	}
+
+	# cater for merges which merge commits from multiple branches
+	if ( @new_parents > 1 ) {
+		for ( my $i = 0; $i <= $#new_parents; $i++ ) {
+			for ( my $j = 0; $j <= $#new_parents; $j++ ) {
+				next if $i == $j;
+				next unless $new_parents[$i];
+				next unless $new_parents[$j];
+				my $revs = command_oneline(
+					"rev-list", "-1",
+					"$new_parents[$i]..$new_parents[$j]",
+				       );
+				if ( !$revs ) {
+					undef($new_parents[$i]);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	push @$parents, grep { defined } @new_parents;
+}
+
 sub make_log_entry {
 	my ($self, $rev, $parents, $ed) = @_;
 	my $untracked = $self->get_untracked($ed);
 
+	my @parents = @$parents;
+	my $ps = $ed->{path_strip} || "";
+	for my $path ( grep { m/$ps/ } %{$ed->{dir_prop}} ) {
+		my $props = $ed->{dir_prop}{$path};
+		if ( $props->{"svk:merge"} ) {
+			$self->find_extra_svk_parents
+				($ed, $props->{"svk:merge"}, \@parents);
+		}
+		if ( $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"} ) {
+			$self->find_extra_svn_parents
+				($ed,
+				 $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"},
+				 \@parents);
+		}
+	}
+
 	open my $un, '>>', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log" or croak $!;
 	print $un "r$rev\n" or croak $!;
 	print $un $_, "\n" foreach @$untracked;
-	my %log_entry = ( parents => $parents || [], revision => $rev,
+	my %log_entry = ( parents => \@parents, revision => $rev,
 	                  log => '');
 
 	my $headrev;
@@ -2597,7 +3253,7 @@ sub make_log_entry {
 			die "Can't have both 'useSvmProps' and 'rewriteRoot' ",
 			    "options set!\n";
 		}
-		my ($uuid, $r) = $headrev =~ m{^([a-f\d\-]{30,}):(\d+)$};
+		my ($uuid, $r) = $headrev =~ m{^([a-f\d\-]{30,}):(\d+)$}i;
 		# we don't want "SVM: initializing mirror for junk" ...
 		return undef if $r == 0;
 		my $svm = $self->svm;
@@ -2815,6 +3471,14 @@ sub _rev_map_set {
 	  croak "write: $!";
 }
 
+sub _rev_map_reset {
+	my ($fh, $rev, $commit) = @_;
+	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
+	$c eq $commit or die "_rev_map_reset(@_) commit $c does not match!\n";
+	my $offset = sysseek($fh, 0, SEEK_CUR) or croak "seek: $!";
+	truncate $fh, $offset or croak "truncate: $!";
+}
+
 sub mkfile {
 	my ($path) = @_;
 	unless (-e $path) {
@@ -2831,6 +3495,7 @@ sub rev_map_set {
 	my $db = $self->map_path($uuid);
 	my $db_lock = "$db.lock";
 	my $sig;
+	$update_ref ||= 0;
 	if ($update_ref) {
 		$SIG{INT} = $SIG{HUP} = $SIG{TERM} = $SIG{ALRM} = $SIG{PIPE} =
 		            $SIG{USR1} = $SIG{USR2} = sub { $sig = $_[0] };
@@ -2854,7 +3519,8 @@ sub rev_map_set {
 
 	sysopen(my $fh, $db_lock, O_RDWR | O_CREAT)
 	     or croak "Couldn't open $db_lock: $!\n";
-	_rev_map_set($fh, $rev, $commit);
+	$update_ref eq 'reset' ? _rev_map_reset($fh, $rev, $commit) :
+				 _rev_map_set($fh, $rev, $commit);
 	if ($sync) {
 		$fh->flush or die "Couldn't flush $db_lock: $!\n";
 		$fh->sync or die "Couldn't sync $db_lock: $!\n";
@@ -2862,7 +3528,9 @@ sub rev_map_set {
 	close $fh or croak $!;
 	if ($update_ref) {
 		$_head = $self;
-		command_noisy('update-ref', '-m', "r$rev",
+		my $note = "";
+		$note = " ($update_ref)" if ($update_ref !~ /^\d*$/);
+		command_noisy('update-ref', '-m', "r$rev$note",
 		              $self->refname, $commit);
 	}
 	rename $db_lock, $db or die "rev_map_set(@_): ", "Failed to rename: ",
@@ -2924,12 +3592,19 @@ sub rev_map_get {
 	return undef unless -e $map_path;
 
 	sysopen(my $fh, $map_path, O_RDONLY) or croak "open: $!";
+	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
+	close($fh) or croak "close: $!";
+	$c
+}
+
+sub _rev_map_get {
+	my ($fh, $rev) = @_;
+
 	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
 	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
 	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
 
 	if ($size == 0) {
-		close $fh or croak "close: $fh";
 		return undef;
 	}
 
@@ -2940,18 +3615,16 @@ sub rev_map_get {
 		my $i = int(($l/24 + $u/24) / 2) * 24;
 		sysseek($fh, $i, SEEK_SET) or croak "seek: $!";
 		sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
-		my ($r, $c) = unpack('NH40', $buf);
+		my ($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
 
 		if ($r < $rev) {
 			$l = $i + 24;
 		} elsif ($r > $rev) {
 			$u = $i - 24;
 		} else { # $r == $rev
-			close($fh) or croak "close: $!";
 			return $c eq ('0' x 40) ? undef : $c;
 		}
 	}
-	close($fh) or croak "close: $!";
 	undef;
 }
 
@@ -2963,6 +3636,8 @@ sub find_rev_before {
 	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok, $min_rev) = @_;
 	--$rev unless $eq_ok;
 	$min_rev ||= 1;
+	my $max_rev = $self->rev_map_max;
+	$rev = $max_rev if ($rev > $max_rev);
 	while ($rev >= $min_rev) {
 		if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($rev)) {
 			return ($rev, $c);
@@ -2995,12 +3670,24 @@ sub _new {
 		$repo_id = $Git::SVN::default_repo_id;
 	}
 	unless (defined $ref_id && length $ref_id) {
-		$_[2] = $ref_id = $Git::SVN::default_ref_id;
+		$_prefix = '' unless defined($_prefix);
+		$_[2] = $ref_id =
+		             "refs/remotes/$_prefix$Git::SVN::default_ref_id";
 	}
 	$_[1] = $repo_id;
 	my $dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$ref_id";
+
+	# Older repos imported by us used $GIT_DIR/svn/foo instead of
+	# $GIT_DIR/svn/refs/remotes/foo when tracking refs/remotes/foo
+	if ($ref_id =~ m{^refs/remotes/(.*)}) {
+		my $old_dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$1";
+		if (-d $old_dir && ! -d $dir) {
+			$dir = $old_dir;
+		}
+	}
+
 	$_[3] = $path = '' unless (defined $path);
-	mkpath(["$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn"]);
+	mkpath([$dir]);
 	bless {
 		ref_id => $ref_id, dir => $dir, index => "$dir/index",
 	        path => $path, config => "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config",
@@ -3038,6 +3725,12 @@ sub uri_encode {
 	$f
 }
 
+sub uri_decode {
+	my ($f) = @_;
+	$f =~ s#%([0-9a-fA-F]{2})#chr(hex($1))#eg;
+	$f
+}
+
 sub remove_username {
 	$_[0] =~ s{^([^:]*://)[^@]+@}{$1};
 }
@@ -3186,13 +3879,20 @@ use warnings;
 use Carp qw/croak/;
 use File::Temp qw/tempfile/;
 use IO::File qw//;
+use vars qw/$_ignore_regex/;
 
 # file baton members: path, mode_a, mode_b, pool, fh, blob, base
 sub new {
-	my ($class, $git_svn) = @_;
+	my ($class, $git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
 	my $self = SVN::Delta::Editor->new;
 	bless $self, $class;
-	$self->{c} = $git_svn->{last_commit} if exists $git_svn->{last_commit};
+	if (exists $git_svn->{last_commit}) {
+		$self->{c} = $git_svn->{last_commit};
+		$self->{empty_symlinks} =
+		                  _mark_empty_symlinks($git_svn, $switch_path);
+	}
+	$self->{ignore_regex} = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
+			     "svn-remote.$git_svn->{repo_id}.ignore-paths") };
 	$self->{empty} = {};
 	$self->{dir_prop} = {};
 	$self->{file_prop} = {};
@@ -3202,6 +3902,70 @@ sub new {
 	$self;
 }
 
+# this uses the Ra object, so it must be called before do_{switch,update},
+# not inside them (when the Git::SVN::Fetcher object is passed) to
+# do_{switch,update}
+sub _mark_empty_symlinks {
+	my ($git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
+	my $bool = Git::config_bool('svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround');
+	return {} if (!defined($bool)) || (defined($bool) && ! $bool);
+
+	my %ret;
+	my ($rev, $cmt) = $git_svn->last_rev_commit;
+	return {} unless ($rev && $cmt);
+
+	# allow the warning to be printed for each revision we fetch to
+	# ensure the user sees it.  The user can also disable the workaround
+	# on the repository even while git svn is running and the next
+	# revision fetched will skip this expensive function.
+	my $printed_warning;
+	chomp(my $empty_blob = `git hash-object -t blob --stdin < /dev/null`);
+	my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree -r -z/, $cmt);
+	local $/ = "\0";
+	my $pfx = defined($switch_path) ? $switch_path : $git_svn->{path};
+	$pfx .= '/' if length($pfx);
+	while (<$ls>) {
+		chomp;
+		s/\A100644 blob $empty_blob\t//o or next;
+		unless ($printed_warning) {
+			print STDERR "Scanning for empty symlinks, ",
+			             "this may take a while if you have ",
+				     "many empty files\n",
+				     "You may disable this with `",
+				     "git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround ",
+				     "false'.\n",
+				     "This may be done in a different ",
+				     "terminal without restarting ",
+				     "git svn\n";
+			$printed_warning = 1;
+		}
+		my $path = $_;
+		my (undef, $props) =
+		               $git_svn->ra->get_file($pfx.$path, $rev, undef);
+		if ($props->{'svn:special'}) {
+			$ret{$path} = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
+	\%ret;
+}
+
+# returns true if a given path is inside a ".git" directory
+sub in_dot_git {
+	$_[0] =~ m{(?:^|/)\.git(?:/|$)};
+}
+
+# return value: 0 -- don't ignore, 1 -- ignore
+sub is_path_ignored {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	return 1 if in_dot_git($path);
+	return 1 if defined($self->{ignore_regex}) &&
+	            $path =~ m!$self->{ignore_regex}!;
+	return 0 unless defined($_ignore_regex);
+	return 1 if $path =~ m!$_ignore_regex!o;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 sub set_path_strip {
 	my ($self, $path) = @_;
 	$self->{path_strip} = qr/^\Q$path\E(\/|$)/ if length $path;
@@ -3227,53 +3991,71 @@ sub git_path {
 
 sub delete_entry {
 	my ($self, $path, $rev, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
 
 	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
 	return undef if ($gpath eq '');
 
 	# remove entire directories.
-	if (command('ls-tree', $self->{c}, '--', $gpath) =~ /^040000 tree/) {
+	my ($tree) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
+	                 =~ /\A040000 tree ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
+	if ($tree) {
 		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
 		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
-				                     $self->{c}, '--', $gpath);
+				                     $tree);
 		local $/ = "\0";
 		while (<$ls>) {
 			chomp;
-			$self->{gii}->remove($_);
-			print "\tD\t$_\n" unless $::_q;
+			my $rmpath = "$gpath/$_";
+			$self->{gii}->remove($rmpath);
+			print "\tD\t$rmpath\n" unless $::_q;
 		}
 		print "\tD\t$gpath/\n" unless $::_q;
 		command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
-		$self->{empty}->{$path} = 0
 	} else {
 		$self->{gii}->remove($gpath);
 		print "\tD\t$gpath\n" unless $::_q;
 	}
+	$self->{empty}->{$path} = 0;
 	undef;
 }
 
 sub open_file {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb, $rev) = @_;
+	my ($mode, $blob);
+
+	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+
 	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
-	my ($mode, $blob) = (command('ls-tree', $self->{c}, '--', $gpath)
-	                     =~ /^(\d{6}) blob ([a-f\d]{40})\t/);
+	($mode, $blob) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
+	                     =~ /\A(\d{6}) blob ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
 	unless (defined $mode && defined $blob) {
 		die "$path was not found in commit $self->{c} (r$rev)\n";
 	}
+	if ($mode eq '100644' && $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$path}) {
+		$mode = '120000';
+	}
+out:
 	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode, blob => $blob,
 	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'M' };
 }
 
 sub add_file {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
-	my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
-	{ path => $path, mode_a => 100644, mode_b => 100644,
+	my $mode;
+
+	if (!$self->is_path_ignored($path)) {
+		my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
+		delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
+		$mode = '100644';
+	}
+	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode,
 	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'A' };
 }
 
 sub add_directory {
 	my ($self, $path, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
+	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
 	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
 	if ($gpath eq '') {
 		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
@@ -3291,11 +4073,13 @@ sub add_directory {
 	my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
 	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
 	$self->{empty}->{$path} = 1;
+out:
 	{ path => $path };
 }
 
 sub change_dir_prop {
 	my ($self, $db, $prop, $value) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($db->{path});
 	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}} ||= {};
 	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}}->{$prop} = $value;
 	undef;
@@ -3303,6 +4087,7 @@ sub change_dir_prop {
 
 sub absent_directory {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
 	$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
 	push @{$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
 	undef;
@@ -3310,6 +4095,7 @@ sub absent_directory {
 
 sub absent_file {
 	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
 	$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
 	push @{$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
 	undef;
@@ -3317,6 +4103,7 @@ sub absent_file {
 
 sub change_file_prop {
 	my ($self, $fb, $prop, $value) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
 	if ($prop eq 'svn:executable') {
 		if ($fb->{mode_b} != 120000) {
 			$fb->{mode_b} = defined $value ? 100755 : 100644;
@@ -3332,22 +4119,43 @@ sub change_file_prop {
 
 sub apply_textdelta {
 	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
 	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire('svn_delta');
 	# $fh gets auto-closed() by SVN::TxDelta::apply(),
 	# (but $base does not,) so dup() it for reading in close_file
 	open my $dup, '<&', $fh or croak $!;
 	my $base = $::_repository->temp_acquire('git_blob');
+
 	if ($fb->{blob}) {
-		print $base 'link ' if ($fb->{mode_a} == 120000);
-		my $size = $::_repository->cat_blob($fb->{blob}, $base);
+		my ($base_is_link, $size);
+
+		if ($fb->{mode_a} eq '120000' &&
+		    ! $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$fb->{path}}) {
+			print $base 'link ' or die "print $!\n";
+			$base_is_link = 1;
+		}
+	retry:
+		$size = $::_repository->cat_blob($fb->{blob}, $base);
 		die "Failed to read object $fb->{blob}" if ($size < 0);
 
 		if (defined $exp) {
 			seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
 			my $got = ::md5sum($base);
-			die "Checksum mismatch: $fb->{path} $fb->{blob}\n",
-			    "expected: $exp\n",
-			    "     got: $got\n" if ($got ne $exp);
+			if ($got ne $exp) {
+				my $err = "Checksum mismatch: ".
+				       "$fb->{path} $fb->{blob}\n" .
+				       "expected: $exp\n" .
+				       "     got: $got\n";
+				if ($base_is_link) {
+					warn $err,
+					     "Retrying... (possibly ",
+					     "a bad symlink from SVN)\n";
+					$::_repository->temp_reset($base);
+					$base_is_link = 0;
+					goto retry;
+				}
+				die $err;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
@@ -3358,6 +4166,8 @@ sub apply_textdelta {
 
 sub close_file {
 	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
+
 	my $hash;
 	my $path = $self->git_path($fb->{path});
 	if (my $fh = $fb->{fh}) {
@@ -3371,11 +4181,19 @@ sub close_file {
 		}
 		if ($fb->{mode_b} == 120000) {
 			sysseek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
-			sysread($fh, my $buf, 5) == 5 or croak $!;
+			my $rd = sysread($fh, my $buf, 5);
 
-			unless ($buf eq 'link ') {
+			if (!defined $rd) {
+				croak "sysread: $!\n";
+			} elsif ($rd == 0) {
+				warn "$path has mode 120000",
+				     " but it points to nothing\n",
+				     "converting to an empty file with mode",
+				     " 100644\n";
+				$fb->{mode_b} = '100644';
+			} elsif ($buf ne 'link ') {
 				warn "$path has mode 120000",
-						" but is not a link\n";
+				     " but is not a link\n";
 			} else {
 				my $tmp_fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire(
 					'svn_hash');
@@ -3558,7 +4376,7 @@ sub repo_path {
 sub url_path {
 	my ($self, $path) = @_;
 	if ($self->{url} =~ m#^https?://#) {
-		$path =~ s/([^~a-zA-Z0-9_.-])/uc sprintf("%%%02x",ord($1))/eg;
+		$path =~ s!([^~a-zA-Z0-9_./-])!uc sprintf("%%%02x",ord($1))!eg;
 	}
 	$self->{url} . '/' . $self->repo_path($path);
 }
@@ -3875,7 +4693,8 @@ my ($ra_invalid, $can_do_switch, %ignored_err, $RA);
 BEGIN {
 	# enforce temporary pool usage for some simple functions
 	no strict 'refs';
-	for my $f (qw/rev_proplist get_latest_revnum get_uuid get_repos_root/) {
+	for my $f (qw/rev_proplist get_latest_revnum get_uuid get_repos_root
+	              get_file/) {
 		my $SUPER = "SUPER::$f";
 		*$f = sub {
 			my $self = shift;
@@ -4011,10 +4830,51 @@ sub DESTROY {
 	# do not call the real DESTROY since we store ourselves in $RA
 }
 
+# get_log(paths, start, end, limit,
+#         discover_changed_paths, strict_node_history, receiver)
 sub get_log {
 	my ($self, @args) = @_;
 	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	splice(@args, 3, 1) if ($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.2.0');
+
+	# svn_log_changed_path_t objects passed to get_log are likely to be
+	# overwritten even if only the refs are copied to an external variable,
+	# so we should dup the structures in their entirety.  Using an
+	# externally passed pool (instead of our temporary and quickly cleared
+	# pool in Git::SVN::Ra) does not help matters at all...
+	my $receiver = pop @args;
+	my $prefix = "/".$self->{svn_path};
+	$prefix =~ s#/+($)##;
+	my $prefix_regex = qr#^\Q$prefix\E#;
+	push(@args, sub {
+		my ($paths) = $_[0];
+		return &$receiver(@_) unless $paths;
+		$_[0] = ();
+		foreach my $p (keys %$paths) {
+			my $i = $paths->{$p};
+			# Make path relative to our url, not repos_root
+			$p =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
+			my %s = map { $_ => $i->$_; }
+				qw/copyfrom_path copyfrom_rev action/;
+			if ($s{'copyfrom_path'}) {
+				$s{'copyfrom_path'} =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
+			}
+			$_[0]{$p} = \%s;
+		}
+		&$receiver(@_);
+	});
+
+
+	# the limit parameter was not supported in SVN 1.1.x, so we
+	# drop it.  Therefore, the receiver callback passed to it
+	# is made aware of this limitation by being wrapped if
+	# the limit passed to is being wrapped.
+	if ($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.2.0') {
+		my $limit = splice(@args, 3, 1);
+		if ($limit > 0) {
+			my $receiver = pop @args;
+			push(@args, sub { &$receiver(@_) if (--$limit >= 0) });
+		}
+	}
 	my $ret = $self->SUPER::get_log(@args, $pool);
 	$pool->clear;
 	$ret;
@@ -4088,10 +4948,12 @@ sub gs_do_switch {
 
 	my $full_url = $self->{url};
 	my $old_url = $full_url;
-	$full_url .= '/' . escape_uri_only($path) if length $path;
+	$full_url .= '/' . $path if length $path;
 	my ($ra, $reparented);
 
-	if ($old_url =~ m#^svn(\+ssh)?://#) {
+	if ($old_url =~ m#^svn(\+ssh)?://# ||
+	    ($full_url =~ m#^https?://# &&
+	     escape_url($full_url) ne $full_url)) {
 		$_[0] = undef;
 		$self = undef;
 		$RA = undef;
@@ -4162,6 +5024,7 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 	my ($min, $max) = ($base, $head < $base + $inc ? $head : $base + $inc);
 	my $longest_path = longest_common_path($gsv, $globs);
 	my $ra_url = $self->{url};
+	my $find_trailing_edge;
 	while (1) {
 		my %revs;
 		my $err;
@@ -4172,12 +5035,17 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 		};
 		sub _cb {
 			my ($paths, $r, $author, $date, $log) = @_;
-			[ dup_changed_paths($paths),
+			[ $paths,
 			  { author => $author, date => $date, log => $log } ];
 		}
 		$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $max, 0, 1, 1,
 		               sub { $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
-		if ($err && $max >= $head) {
+		if ($err) {
+			print "Checked through r$max\r";
+		} else {
+			$find_trailing_edge = 1;
+		}
+		if ($err and $find_trailing_edge) {
 			print STDERR "Path '$longest_path' ",
 				     "was probably deleted:\n",
 				     $err->expanded_message,
@@ -4189,13 +5057,14 @@ sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
 				my $ok;
 				$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $hi,
 				               0, 1, 1, sub {
-				               $ok ||= $_[1];
+				               $ok = $_[1];
 				               $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
 				if ($ok) {
 					print STDERR "r$min .. r$ok OK\n";
 					last;
 				}
 			}
+			$find_trailing_edge = 0;
 		}
 		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
 
@@ -4333,7 +5202,11 @@ sub minimize_url {
 	my $c = '';
 	do {
 		$url .= "/$c" if length $c;
-		eval { (ref $self)->new($url)->get_latest_revnum };
+		eval {
+			my $ra = (ref $self)->new($url);
+			my $latest = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
+			$ra->get_log("", $latest, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub {});
+		};
 	} while ($@ && ($c = shift @components));
 	$url;
 }
@@ -4389,28 +5262,11 @@ sub skip_unknown_revs {
 	die "Error from SVN, ($errno): ", $err->expanded_message,"\n";
 }
 
-# svn_log_changed_path_t objects passed to get_log are likely to be
-# overwritten even if only the refs are copied to an external variable,
-# so we should dup the structures in their entirety.  Using an externally
-# passed pool (instead of our temporary and quickly cleared pool in
-# Git::SVN::Ra) does not help matters at all...
-sub dup_changed_paths {
-	my ($paths) = @_;
-	return undef unless $paths;
-	my %ret;
-	foreach my $p (keys %$paths) {
-		my $i = $paths->{$p};
-		my %s = map { $_ => $i->$_ }
-		              qw/copyfrom_path copyfrom_rev action/;
-		$ret{$p} = \%s;
-	}
-	\%ret;
-}
-
 package Git::SVN::Log;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
 use POSIX qw/strftime/;
+use Time::Local;
 use constant commit_log_separator => ('-' x 72) . "\n";
 use vars qw/$TZ $limit $color $pager $non_recursive $verbose $oneline
             %rusers $show_commit $incremental/;
@@ -4493,10 +5349,8 @@ sub git_svn_log_cmd {
 
 # adapted from pager.c
 sub config_pager {
-	$pager ||= $ENV{GIT_PAGER} || $ENV{PAGER};
-	if (!defined $pager) {
-		$pager = 'less';
-	} elsif (length $pager == 0 || $pager eq 'cat') {
+	chomp(my $pager = command_oneline(qw(var GIT_PAGER)));
+	if ($pager eq 'cat') {
 		$pager = undef;
 	}
 	$ENV{GIT_PAGER_IN_USE} = defined($pager);
@@ -4517,7 +5371,12 @@ sub run_pager {
 }
 
 sub format_svn_date {
-	return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z (%a, %d %b %Y)", localtime(shift));
+	# some systmes don't handle or mishandle %z, so be creative.
+	my $t = shift || time;
+	my $gm = timelocal(gmtime($t));
+	my $sign = qw( + + - )[ $t <=> $gm ];
+	my $gmoff = sprintf("%s%02d%02d", $sign, (gmtime(abs($t - $gm)))[2,1]);
+	return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S $gmoff (%a, %d %b %Y)", localtime($t));
 }
 
 sub parse_git_date {
@@ -4759,11 +5618,22 @@ sub cmd_blame {
 						  '--', $path);
 		my ($sha1);
 		my %authors;
+		my @buffer;
+		my %dsha; #distinct sha keys
+
 		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+			push @buffer, $line;
+			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
+				$dsha{$1} = 1;
+			}
+		}
+
+		my $s2r = ::cmt_sha2rev_batch([keys %dsha]);
+
+		foreach my $line (@buffer) {
 			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
-				$sha1 = $1;
-				(undef, $rev, undef) = ::cmt_metadata($1);
-				$rev = '0' if (!$rev);
+				$rev = $s2r->{$1};
+				$rev = '0' if (!$rev)
 			}
 			elsif ($line =~ /^author (.*)/) {
 				$authors{$rev} = $1;
@@ -4994,7 +5864,7 @@ sub minimize_connections {
 			my $pfx = "svn-remote.$x->{old_repo_id}";
 
 			my $old_fetch = quotemeta("$x->{old_path}:".
-			                          "refs/remotes/$x->{ref_id}");
+			                          "$x->{ref_id}");
 			command_noisy(qw/config --unset/,
 			              "$pfx.fetch", '^'. $old_fetch . '$');
 			delete $r->{$x->{old_repo_id}}->
@@ -5007,8 +5877,7 @@ sub minimize_connections {
 		}
 	}
 	if (@emptied) {
-		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} || $ENV{GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL} ||
-		           "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/config";
+		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/config";
 		print STDERR <<EOF;
 The following [svn-remote] sections in your config file ($file) are empty
 and can be safely removed:
@@ -5064,7 +5933,7 @@ sub new {
 	my ($class, $glob) = @_;
 	my $re = $glob;
 	$re =~ s!/+$!!g; # no need for trailing slashes
-	$re =~ m!^([^*]*)(\*(?:/\*)*)([^*]*)$!;
+	$re =~ m!^([^*]*)(\*(?:/\*)*)(.*)$!;
 	my $temp = $re;
 	my ($left, $right) = ($1, $3);
 	$re = $2;
diff --git a/git-web--browse.sh b/git-web--browse.sh
index 78d236b77..a578c3a73 100755
--- a/git-web--browse.sh
+++ b/git-web--browse.sh
@@ -111,11 +111,12 @@ if test -z "$browser" ; then
 	browser_candidates="w3m links lynx"
     fi
     # SECURITYSESSIONID indicates an OS X GUI login session
-    if test -n "$SECURITYSESSIONID"; then
+    if test -n "$SECURITYSESSIONID" \
+	    -o "$TERM_PROGRAM" = "Apple_Terminal" ; then
 	browser_candidates="open $browser_candidates"
     fi
     # /bin/start indicates MinGW
-    if test -n /bin/start; then
+    if test -x /bin/start; then
 	browser_candidates="start $browser_candidates"
     fi
 
@@ -161,9 +162,12 @@ case "$browser" in
 		;;
 	esac
 	;;
-    w3m|links|lynx|open|start)
+    w3m|links|lynx|open)
 	eval "$browser_path" "$@"
 	;;
+    start)
+        exec "$browser_path" '"web-browse"' "$@"
+        ;;
     dillo)
 	"$browser_path" "$@" &
 	;;
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 89feb0b6d..11544cdb4 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 const char git_usage_string[] =
-	"git [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE] [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]";
+	"git [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [--html-path]\n"
+	"           [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects]\n"
+	"           [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE]\n"
+	"           [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]";
 
 const char git_more_info_string[] =
 	"See 'git help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.";
@@ -46,7 +50,7 @@ static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
 	}
 }
 
-static int handle_options(const char*** argv, int* argc, int* envchanged)
+static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 {
 	int handled = 0;
 
@@ -74,12 +78,20 @@ static int handle_options(const char*** argv, int* argc, int* envchanged)
 				puts(git_exec_path());
 				exit(0);
 			}
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--html-path")) {
+			puts(system_path(GIT_HTML_PATH));
+			exit(0);
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-p") || !strcmp(cmd, "--paginate")) {
 			use_pager = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
 			use_pager = 0;
 			if (envchanged)
 				*envchanged = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-replace-objects")) {
+			read_replace_refs = 0;
+			setenv(NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT, "1", 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--git-dir")) {
 			if (*argc < 2) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --git-dir.\n" );
@@ -132,7 +144,7 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 	int envchanged = 0, ret = 0, saved_errno = errno;
 	const char *subdir;
 	int count, option_count;
-	const char** new_argv;
+	const char **new_argv;
 	const char *alias_command;
 	char *alias_string;
 	int unused_nongit;
@@ -158,7 +170,7 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 			if (ret >= 0 && WIFEXITED(ret) &&
 			    WEXITSTATUS(ret) != 127)
 				exit(WEXITSTATUS(ret));
-			die("Failed to run '%s' when expanding alias '%s'\n",
+			die("Failed to run '%s' when expanding alias '%s'",
 			    alias_string + 1, alias_command);
 		}
 		count = split_cmdline(alias_string, &new_argv);
@@ -183,11 +195,10 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 				  "trace: alias expansion: %s =>",
 				  alias_command);
 
-		new_argv = xrealloc(new_argv, sizeof(char*) *
-				    (count + *argcp + 1));
+		new_argv = xrealloc(new_argv, sizeof(char *) *
+				    (count + *argcp));
 		/* insert after command name */
-		memcpy(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, sizeof(char*) * *argcp);
-		new_argv[count+*argcp] = NULL;
+		memcpy(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, sizeof(char *) * *argcp);
 
 		*argv = new_argv;
 		*argcp += count - 1;
@@ -195,8 +206,8 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 		ret = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (subdir)
-		chdir(subdir);
+	if (subdir && chdir(subdir))
+		die_errno("Cannot change to '%s'", subdir);
 
 	errno = saved_errno;
 
@@ -219,30 +230,33 @@ struct cmd_struct {
 	int option;
 };
 
-static int run_command(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
+static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	int status;
+	int status, help;
 	struct stat st;
 	const char *prefix;
 
 	prefix = NULL;
-	if (p->option & RUN_SETUP)
-		prefix = setup_git_directory();
-
-	if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & RUN_SETUP)
-		use_pager = check_pager_config(p->cmd);
-	if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & USE_PAGER)
-		use_pager = 1;
+	help = argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h");
+	if (!help) {
+		if (p->option & RUN_SETUP)
+			prefix = setup_git_directory();
+
+		if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & RUN_SETUP)
+			use_pager = check_pager_config(p->cmd);
+		if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & USE_PAGER)
+			use_pager = 1;
+	}
 	commit_pager_choice();
 
-	if (p->option & NEED_WORK_TREE)
+	if (!help && p->option & NEED_WORK_TREE)
 		setup_work_tree();
 
 	trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: built-in: git");
 
 	status = p->fn(argc, argv, prefix);
 	if (status)
-		return status & 0xff;
+		return status;
 
 	/* Somebody closed stdout? */
 	if (fstat(fileno(stdout), &st))
@@ -253,11 +267,11 @@ static int run_command(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	/* Check for ENOSPC and EIO errors.. */
 	if (fflush(stdout))
-		die("write failure on standard output: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("write failure on standard output");
 	if (ferror(stdout))
 		die("unknown write failure on standard output");
 	if (fclose(stdout))
-		die("close failed on standard output: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("close failed on standard output");
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -266,9 +280,11 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 	const char *cmd = argv[0];
 	static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 		{ "add", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "stage", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "annotate", cmd_annotate, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "apply", cmd_apply },
 		{ "archive", cmd_archive },
+		{ "bisect--helper", cmd_bisect__helper, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "blame", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "branch", cmd_branch, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "bundle", cmd_bundle },
@@ -294,7 +310,6 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		{ "fast-export", cmd_fast_export, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "fetch", cmd_fetch, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "fetch-pack", cmd_fetch_pack, RUN_SETUP },
-		{ "fetch--tool", cmd_fetch__tool, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "fmt-merge-msg", cmd_fmt_merge_msg, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "for-each-ref", cmd_for_each_ref, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "format-patch", cmd_format_patch, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -304,9 +319,6 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		{ "get-tar-commit-id", cmd_get_tar_commit_id },
 		{ "grep", cmd_grep, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
 		{ "help", cmd_help },
-#ifndef NO_CURL
-		{ "http-fetch", cmd_http_fetch, RUN_SETUP },
-#endif
 		{ "init", cmd_init_db },
 		{ "init-db", cmd_init_db },
 		{ "log", cmd_log, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
@@ -321,6 +333,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		{ "merge-ours", cmd_merge_ours, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "merge-recursive", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "merge-subtree", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+		{ "mktree", cmd_mktree, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "mv", cmd_mv, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "name-rev", cmd_name_rev, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "pack-objects", cmd_pack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -333,6 +346,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		{ "receive-pack", cmd_receive_pack },
 		{ "reflog", cmd_reflog, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "remote", cmd_remote, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "replace", cmd_replace, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "repo-config", cmd_config },
 		{ "rerere", cmd_rerere, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "reset", cmd_reset, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -352,6 +366,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		{ "unpack-objects", cmd_unpack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "update-index", cmd_update_index, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "update-ref", cmd_update_ref, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "update-server-info", cmd_update_server_info, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive },
 		{ "verify-tag", cmd_verify_tag, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "version", cmd_version },
@@ -383,7 +398,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		struct cmd_struct *p = commands+i;
 		if (strcmp(p->cmd, cmd))
 			continue;
-		exit(run_command(p, argc, argv));
+		exit(run_builtin(p, argc, argv));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -391,6 +406,7 @@ static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 {
 	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *tmp;
+	int status;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&cmd, "git-%s", argv[0]);
 
@@ -405,37 +421,51 @@ static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 
 	trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: exec:");
 
-	/* execvp() can only ever return if it fails */
-	execvp(cmd.buf, (char **)argv);
-
-	trace_printf("trace: exec failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+	/*
+	 * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
+	 * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
+	 */
+	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE);
+	if (status >= 0 || errno != ENOENT)
+		exit(status);
 
 	argv[0] = tmp;
 
 	strbuf_release(&cmd);
 }
 
-
-int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 {
-	const char *cmd = argv[0] && *argv[0] ? argv[0] : "git-help";
-	char *slash = (char *)cmd + strlen(cmd);
 	int done_alias = 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * Take the basename of argv[0] as the command
-	 * name, and the dirname as the default exec_path
-	 * if we don't have anything better.
-	 */
-	do
-		--slash;
-	while (cmd <= slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash));
-	if (cmd <= slash) {
-		*slash++ = 0;
-		git_set_argv0_path(cmd);
-		cmd = slash;
+	while (1) {
+		/* See if it's an internal command */
+		handle_internal_command(*argcp, *argv);
+
+		/* .. then try the external ones */
+		execv_dashed_external(*argv);
+
+		/* It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
+		 * of overriding "git log" with "git show" by having
+		 * alias.log = show
+		 */
+		if (done_alias || !handle_alias(argcp, argv))
+			break;
+		done_alias = 1;
 	}
 
+	return done_alias;
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *cmd;
+
+	cmd = git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	if (!cmd)
+		cmd = "git-help";
+
 	/*
 	 * "git-xxxx" is the same as "git xxxx", but we obviously:
 	 *
@@ -472,38 +502,29 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	/*
 	 * We use PATH to find git commands, but we prepend some higher
-	 * precidence paths: the "--exec-path" option, the GIT_EXEC_PATH
+	 * precedence paths: the "--exec-path" option, the GIT_EXEC_PATH
 	 * environment, and the $(gitexecdir) from the Makefile at build
 	 * time.
 	 */
 	setup_path();
 
 	while (1) {
-		/* See if it's an internal command */
-		handle_internal_command(argc, argv);
-
-		/* .. then try the external ones */
-		execv_dashed_external(argv);
-
-		/* It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
-		 * of overriding "git log" with "git show" by having
-		 * alias.log = show
-		 */
-		if (done_alias || !handle_alias(&argc, &argv))
+		static int done_help = 0;
+		static int was_alias = 0;
+		was_alias = run_argv(&argc, &argv);
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
 			break;
-		done_alias = 1;
-	}
-
-	if (errno == ENOENT) {
-		if (done_alias) {
+		if (was_alias) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
 				"'%s' is not a git-command\n",
 				cmd, argv[0]);
 			exit(1);
 		}
-		argv[0] = help_unknown_cmd(cmd);
-		handle_internal_command(argc, argv);
-		execv_dashed_external(argv);
+		if (!done_help) {
+			cmd = argv[0] = help_unknown_cmd(cmd);
+			done_help = 1;
+		} else
+			break;
 	}
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "Failed to run command '%s': %s\n",
diff --git a/git.spec.in b/git.spec.in
index 069ace050..ab224f7ea 100644
--- a/git.spec.in
+++ b/git.spec.in
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ BuildRequires:  perl(Error)
 %description -n perl-Git
 Perl interface to Git
 
-%define path_settings ETC_GITCONFIG=/etc/gitconfig prefix=%{_prefix} mandir=%{_mandir} htmldir=%{_docdir}/%{name}-core-%{version}
+%define path_settings ETC_GITCONFIG=/etc/gitconfig prefix=%{_prefix} mandir=%{_mandir} htmldir=%{_docdir}/%{name}-%{version}
 
 %prep
 %setup -q
@@ -190,6 +190,9 @@ rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
 # No files for you!
 
 %changelog
+* Mon Feb 04 2009 David J. Mellor <dmellor@whistlingcat.com>
+- fixed broken git help -w after renaming the git-core package to git.
+
 * Fri Sep 12 2008 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
 - move git-cvsserver to bindir.
 
@@ -230,7 +233,7 @@ rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
 * Tue Mar 27 2007 Eygene Ryabinkin <rea-git@codelabs.ru>
 - Added the git-p4 package: Perforce import stuff.
 
-* Mon Feb 13 2007 Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
+* Mon Feb 13 2007 Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
 - Update core package description (Git isn't as stupid as it used to be)
 
 * Mon Feb 12 2007 Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
diff --git a/gitk-git/gitk b/gitk-git/gitk
index f7f177621..364c7a84c 100644
--- a/gitk-git/gitk
+++ b/gitk-git/gitk
@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@
 # Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
 exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
 
-# Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
+# Copyright © 2005-2009 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
 # This program is free software; it may be used, copied, modified
 # and distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence,
 # either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
 
+package require Tk
+
 proc gitdir {} {
     global env
     if {[info exists env(GIT_DIR)]} {
@@ -187,7 +189,8 @@ proc parseviewargs {n arglist} {
 	    "--until=*" - "--before=*" - "--max-age=*" - "--min-age=*" -
 	    "--author=*" - "--committer=*" - "--grep=*" - "-[iE]" -
 	    "--remove-empty" - "--first-parent" - "--cherry-pick" -
-	    "-S*" - "--pickaxe-all" - "--pickaxe-regex" {
+	    "-S*" - "--pickaxe-all" - "--pickaxe-regex" -
+	    "--simplify-by-decoration" {
 		# These mean that we get a subset of the commits
 		set filtered 1
 		lappend glflags $arg
@@ -199,11 +202,7 @@ proc parseviewargs {n arglist} {
 		set nextisval 1
 		lappend glflags $arg
 	    }
-	    "--not" {
-		set notflag [expr {!$notflag}]
-		lappend revargs $arg
-	    }
-	    "--all" {
+	    "--not" - "--all" {
 		lappend revargs $arg
 	    }
 	    "--merge" {
@@ -268,7 +267,7 @@ proc parseviewrevs {view revs} {
 		}
 		lappend badrev $line
 	    }
-	}		    
+	}
 	error_popup "[mc "Error parsing revisions:"] $err"
 	return {}
     }
@@ -291,7 +290,7 @@ proc parseviewrevs {view revs} {
 	    if {$sdm != 2} {
 		lappend ret $id
 	    } else {
-		lset ret end [lindex $ret end]...$id
+		lset ret end $id...[lindex $ret end]
 	    }
 	    lappend pos $id
 	}
@@ -525,7 +524,7 @@ proc updatecommits {} {
     incr viewactive($view)
     set viewcomplete($view) 0
     reset_pending_select {}
-    nowbusy $view "Reading"
+    nowbusy $view [mc "Reading"]
     if {$showneartags} {
 	getallcommits
     }
@@ -705,16 +704,17 @@ proc newvarc {view id} {
 }
 
 proc splitvarc {p v} {
-    global varcid varcstart varccommits varctok
+    global varcid varcstart varccommits varctok vtokmod
     global vupptr vdownptr vleftptr vbackptr varcix varcrow vlastins
 
     set oa $varcid($v,$p)
+    set otok [lindex $varctok($v) $oa]
     set ac $varccommits($v,$oa)
     set i [lsearch -exact $varccommits($v,$oa) $p]
     if {$i <= 0} return
     set na [llength $varctok($v)]
     # "%" sorts before "0"...
-    set tok "[lindex $varctok($v) $oa]%[strrep $i]"
+    set tok "$otok%[strrep $i]"
     lappend varctok($v) $tok
     lappend varcrow($v) {}
     lappend varcix($v) {}
@@ -734,6 +734,9 @@ proc splitvarc {p v} {
     for {set b [lindex $vdownptr($v) $na]} {$b != 0} {set b [lindex $vleftptr($v) $b]} {
 	lset vupptr($v) $b $na
     }
+    if {[string compare $otok $vtokmod($v)] <= 0} {
+	modify_arc $v $oa
+    }
 }
 
 proc renumbervarc {a v} {
@@ -986,6 +989,18 @@ proc removefakerow {id} {
     drawvisible
 }
 
+proc real_children {vp} {
+    global children nullid nullid2
+
+    set kids {}
+    foreach id $children($vp) {
+	if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
+	    lappend kids $id
+	}
+    }
+    return $kids
+}
+
 proc first_real_child {vp} {
     global children nullid nullid2
 
@@ -1605,13 +1620,14 @@ proc parsecommit {id contents listed} {
     set header [string range $contents 0 [expr {$hdrend - 1}]]
     set comment [string range $contents [expr {$hdrend + 2}] end]
     foreach line [split $header "\n"] {
+	set line [split $line " "]
 	set tag [lindex $line 0]
 	if {$tag == "author"} {
 	    set audate [lindex $line end-1]
-	    set auname [lrange $line 1 end-2]
+	    set auname [join [lrange $line 1 end-2] " "]
 	} elseif {$tag == "committer"} {
 	    set comdate [lindex $line end-1]
-	    set comname [lrange $line 1 end-2]
+	    set comname [join [lrange $line 1 end-2] " "]
 	}
     }
     set headline {}
@@ -1675,6 +1691,7 @@ proc readrefs {} {
     global tagids idtags headids idheads tagobjid
     global otherrefids idotherrefs mainhead mainheadid
     global selecthead selectheadid
+    global hideremotes
 
     foreach v {tagids idtags headids idheads otherrefids idotherrefs} {
 	catch {unset $v}
@@ -1687,7 +1704,7 @@ proc readrefs {} {
 	if {![string match "refs/*" $ref]} continue
 	set name [string range $ref 5 end]
 	if {[string match "remotes/*" $name]} {
-	    if {![string match "*/HEAD" $name]} {
+	    if {![string match "*/HEAD" $name] && !$hideremotes} {
 		set headids($name) $id
 		lappend idheads($id) $name
 	    }
@@ -1766,6 +1783,15 @@ proc removehead {id name} {
     unset headids($name)
 }
 
+proc ttk_toplevel {w args} {
+    global use_ttk
+    eval [linsert $args 0 ::toplevel $w]
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+        place [ttk::frame $w._toplevel_background] -x 0 -y 0 -relwidth 1 -relheight 1
+    }
+    return $w
+}
+
 proc make_transient {window origin} {
     global have_tk85
 
@@ -1784,10 +1810,13 @@ proc make_transient {window origin} {
     }
 }
 
-proc show_error {w top msg} {
+proc show_error {w top msg {mc mc}} {
+    global NS
+    if {![info exists NS]} {set NS ""}
+    if {[wm state $top] eq "withdrawn"} { wm deiconify $top }
     message $w.m -text $msg -justify center -aspect 400
     pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "destroy $top"
+    ${NS}::button $w.ok -default active -text [$mc OK] -command "destroy $top"
     pack $w.ok -side bottom -fill x
     bind $top <Visibility> "grab $top; focus $top"
     bind $top <Key-Return> "destroy $top"
@@ -1797,43 +1826,56 @@ proc show_error {w top msg} {
 }
 
 proc error_popup {msg {owner .}} {
-    set w .error
-    toplevel $w
-    make_transient $w $owner
-    show_error $w $w $msg
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
+        tk_messageBox -icon error -type ok -title [wm title .] \
+            -parent $owner -message $msg
+    } else {
+        set w .error
+        ttk_toplevel $w
+        make_transient $w $owner
+        show_error $w $w $msg
+    }
 }
 
 proc confirm_popup {msg {owner .}} {
-    global confirm_ok
+    global confirm_ok NS
     set confirm_ok 0
     set w .confirm
-    toplevel $w
+    ttk_toplevel $w
     make_transient $w $owner
     message $w.m -text $msg -justify center -aspect 400
     pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
+    ${NS}::button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
     pack $w.ok -side left -fill x
-    button $w.cancel -text [mc Cancel] -command "destroy $w"
+    ${NS}::button $w.cancel -text [mc Cancel] -command "destroy $w"
     pack $w.cancel -side right -fill x
     bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
     bind $w <Key-Return> "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
     bind $w <Key-space>  "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
     bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
+    tk::PlaceWindow $w widget $owner
     tkwait window $w
     return $confirm_ok
 }
 
 proc setoptions {} {
-    option add *Panedwindow.showHandle 1 startupFile
-    option add *Panedwindow.sashRelief raised startupFile
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] ne "win32"} {
+        option add *Panedwindow.showHandle 1 startupFile
+        option add *Panedwindow.sashRelief raised startupFile
+        if {[tk windowingsystem] ne "aqua"} {
+            option add *Menu.font uifont startupFile
+        }
+    } else {
+        option add *Menu.TearOff 0 startupFile
+    }
     option add *Button.font uifont startupFile
     option add *Checkbutton.font uifont startupFile
     option add *Radiobutton.font uifont startupFile
-    option add *Menu.font uifont startupFile
     option add *Menubutton.font uifont startupFile
     option add *Label.font uifont startupFile
     option add *Message.font uifont startupFile
     option add *Entry.font uifont startupFile
+    option add *Labelframe.font uifont startupFile
 }
 
 # Make a menu and submenus.
@@ -1890,6 +1932,22 @@ proc mca {str} {
     return [string map {&& & & {}} [mc $str]]
 }
 
+proc makedroplist {w varname args} {
+    global use_ttk
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+        set width 0
+        foreach label $args {
+            set cx [string length $label]
+            if {$cx > $width} {set width $cx}
+        }
+	set gm [ttk::combobox $w -width $width -state readonly\
+		    -textvariable $varname -values $args]
+    } else {
+	set gm [eval [linsert $args 0 tk_optionMenu $w $varname]]
+    }
+    return $gm
+}
+
 proc makewindow {} {
     global canv canv2 canv3 linespc charspc ctext cflist cscroll
     global tabstop
@@ -1905,37 +1963,65 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     global headctxmenu progresscanv progressitem progresscoords statusw
     global fprogitem fprogcoord lastprogupdate progupdatepending
     global rprogitem rprogcoord rownumsel numcommits
-    global have_tk85
+    global have_tk85 use_ttk NS
 
     # The "mc" arguments here are purely so that xgettext
     # sees the following string as needing to be translated
-    makemenu .bar {
-	{mc "File" cascade {
+    set file {
+	mc "File" cascade {
 	    {mc "Update" command updatecommits -accelerator F5}
 	    {mc "Reload" command reloadcommits -accelerator Meta1-F5}
 	    {mc "Reread references" command rereadrefs}
 	    {mc "List references" command showrefs -accelerator F2}
+	    {xx "" separator}
+	    {mc "Start git gui" command {exec git gui &}}
+	    {xx "" separator}
 	    {mc "Quit" command doquit -accelerator Meta1-Q}
 	}}
-	{mc "Edit" cascade {
+    set edit {
+	mc "Edit" cascade {
 	    {mc "Preferences" command doprefs}
 	}}
-	{mc "View" cascade {
+    set view {
+	mc "View" cascade {
 	    {mc "New view..." command {newview 0} -accelerator Shift-F4}
 	    {mc "Edit view..." command editview -state disabled -accelerator F4}
 	    {mc "Delete view" command delview -state disabled}
 	    {xx "" separator}
 	    {mc "All files" radiobutton {selectedview 0} -command {showview 0}}
 	}}
-	{mc "Help" cascade {
+    if {[tk windowingsystem] ne "aqua"} {
+	set help {
+	mc "Help" cascade {
 	    {mc "About gitk" command about}
 	    {mc "Key bindings" command keys}
 	}}
+	set bar [list $file $edit $view $help]
+    } else {
+	proc ::tk::mac::ShowPreferences {} {doprefs}
+	proc ::tk::mac::Quit {} {doquit}
+	lset file end [lreplace [lindex $file end] end-1 end]
+	set apple {
+	xx "Apple" cascade {
+	    {mc "About gitk" command about}
+	    {xx "" separator}
+	}}
+	set help {
+	mc "Help" cascade {
+	    {mc "Key bindings" command keys}
+	}}
+	set bar [list $apple $file $view $help]
     }
+    makemenu .bar $bar
     . configure -menu .bar
 
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+        # cover the non-themed toplevel with a themed frame.
+        place [ttk::frame ._main_background] -x 0 -y 0 -relwidth 1 -relheight 1
+    }
+
     # the gui has upper and lower half, parts of a paned window.
-    panedwindow .ctop -orient vertical
+    ${NS}::panedwindow .ctop -orient vertical
 
     # possibly use assumed geometry
     if {![info exists geometry(pwsash0)]} {
@@ -1943,14 +2029,17 @@ proc makewindow {} {
         set geometry(topwidth) [expr {80 * $charspc}]
         set geometry(botheight) [expr {15 * $linespc}]
         set geometry(botwidth) [expr {50 * $charspc}]
-        set geometry(pwsash0) "[expr {40 * $charspc}] 2"
-        set geometry(pwsash1) "[expr {60 * $charspc}] 2"
+        set geometry(pwsash0) [list [expr {40 * $charspc}] 2]
+        set geometry(pwsash1) [list [expr {60 * $charspc}] 2]
     }
 
     # the upper half will have a paned window, a scroll bar to the right, and some stuff below
-    frame .tf -height $geometry(topheight) -width $geometry(topwidth)
-    frame .tf.histframe
-    panedwindow .tf.histframe.pwclist -orient horizontal -sashpad 0 -handlesize 4
+    ${NS}::frame .tf -height $geometry(topheight) -width $geometry(topwidth)
+    ${NS}::frame .tf.histframe
+    ${NS}::panedwindow .tf.histframe.pwclist -orient horizontal
+    if {!$use_ttk} {
+	.tf.histframe.pwclist configure -sashpad 0 -handlesize 4
+    }
 
     # create three canvases
     set cscroll .tf.histframe.csb
@@ -1970,19 +2059,28 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	-selectbackground $selectbgcolor \
 	-background $bgcolor -bd 0 -yscrollincr $linespc
     .tf.histframe.pwclist add $canv3
-    eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 0 $geometry(pwsash0)
-    eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 1 $geometry(pwsash1)
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+	bind .tf.histframe.pwclist <Map> {
+	    bind %W <Map> {}
+	    .tf.histframe.pwclist sashpos 1 [lindex $::geometry(pwsash1) 0]
+	    .tf.histframe.pwclist sashpos 0 [lindex $::geometry(pwsash0) 0]
+	}
+    } else {
+	eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 0 $geometry(pwsash0)
+	eval .tf.histframe.pwclist sash place 1 $geometry(pwsash1)
+    }
 
     # a scroll bar to rule them
-    scrollbar $cscroll -command {allcanvs yview} -highlightthickness 0
+    ${NS}::scrollbar $cscroll -command {allcanvs yview}
+    if {!$use_ttk} {$cscroll configure -highlightthickness 0}
     pack $cscroll -side right -fill y
     bind .tf.histframe.pwclist <Configure> {resizeclistpanes %W %w}
     lappend bglist $canv $canv2 $canv3
     pack .tf.histframe.pwclist -fill both -expand 1 -side left
 
     # we have two button bars at bottom of top frame. Bar 1
-    frame .tf.bar
-    frame .tf.lbar -height 15
+    ${NS}::frame .tf.bar
+    ${NS}::frame .tf.lbar -height 15
 
     set sha1entry .tf.bar.sha1
     set entries $sha1entry
@@ -1991,7 +2089,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	-command gotocommit -width 8
     $sha1but conf -disabledforeground [$sha1but cget -foreground]
     pack .tf.bar.sha1label -side left
-    entry $sha1entry -width 40 -font textfont -textvariable sha1string
+    ${NS}::entry $sha1entry -width 40 -font textfont -textvariable sha1string
     trace add variable sha1string write sha1change
     pack $sha1entry -side left -pady 2
 
@@ -2011,36 +2109,43 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	0x00, 0x38, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1c,
 	0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x01};
     }
-    button .tf.bar.leftbut -image bm-left -command goback \
+    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.leftbut -image bm-left -command goback \
 	-state disabled -width 26
     pack .tf.bar.leftbut -side left -fill y
-    button .tf.bar.rightbut -image bm-right -command goforw \
+    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.rightbut -image bm-right -command goforw \
 	-state disabled -width 26
     pack .tf.bar.rightbut -side left -fill y
 
-    label .tf.bar.rowlabel -text [mc "Row"]
+    ${NS}::label .tf.bar.rowlabel -text [mc "Row"]
     set rownumsel {}
-    label .tf.bar.rownum -width 7 -font textfont -textvariable rownumsel \
+    ${NS}::label .tf.bar.rownum -width 7 -textvariable rownumsel \
 	-relief sunken -anchor e
-    label .tf.bar.rowlabel2 -text "/"
-    label .tf.bar.numcommits -width 7 -font textfont -textvariable numcommits \
+    ${NS}::label .tf.bar.rowlabel2 -text "/"
+    ${NS}::label .tf.bar.numcommits -width 7 -textvariable numcommits \
 	-relief sunken -anchor e
     pack .tf.bar.rowlabel .tf.bar.rownum .tf.bar.rowlabel2 .tf.bar.numcommits \
 	-side left
+    if {!$use_ttk} {
+        foreach w {rownum numcommits} {.tf.bar.$w configure -font textfont}
+    }
     global selectedline
     trace add variable selectedline write selectedline_change
 
     # Status label and progress bar
     set statusw .tf.bar.status
-    label $statusw -width 15 -relief sunken
+    ${NS}::label $statusw -width 15 -relief sunken
     pack $statusw -side left -padx 5
-    set h [expr {[font metrics uifont -linespace] + 2}]
-    set progresscanv .tf.bar.progress
-    canvas $progresscanv -relief sunken -height $h -borderwidth 2
-    set progressitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill green]
-    set fprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill yellow]
-    set rprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill red]
-    pack $progresscanv -side right -expand 1 -fill x
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+	set progresscanv [ttk::progressbar .tf.bar.progress]
+    } else {
+	set h [expr {[font metrics uifont -linespace] + 2}]
+	set progresscanv .tf.bar.progress
+	canvas $progresscanv -relief sunken -height $h -borderwidth 2
+	set progressitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill green]
+	set fprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill yellow]
+	set rprogitem [$progresscanv create rect -1 0 0 $h -fill red]
+    }
+    pack $progresscanv -side right -expand 1 -fill x -padx {0 2}
     set progresscoords {0 0}
     set fprogcoord 0
     set rprogcoord 0
@@ -2049,14 +2154,14 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     set progupdatepending 0
 
     # build up the bottom bar of upper window
-    label .tf.lbar.flabel -text "[mc "Find"] "
-    button .tf.lbar.fnext -text [mc "next"] -command {dofind 1 1}
-    button .tf.lbar.fprev -text [mc "prev"] -command {dofind -1 1}
-    label .tf.lbar.flab2 -text " [mc "commit"] "
+    ${NS}::label .tf.lbar.flabel -text "[mc "Find"] "
+    ${NS}::button .tf.lbar.fnext -text [mc "next"] -command {dofind 1 1}
+    ${NS}::button .tf.lbar.fprev -text [mc "prev"] -command {dofind -1 1}
+    ${NS}::label .tf.lbar.flab2 -text " [mc "commit"] "
     pack .tf.lbar.flabel .tf.lbar.fnext .tf.lbar.fprev .tf.lbar.flab2 \
 	-side left -fill y
     set gdttype [mc "containing:"]
-    set gm [tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.gdttype gdttype \
+    set gm [makedroplist .tf.lbar.gdttype gdttype \
 		[mc "containing:"] \
 		[mc "touching paths:"] \
 		[mc "adding/removing string:"]]
@@ -2066,14 +2171,14 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     set findstring {}
     set fstring .tf.lbar.findstring
     lappend entries $fstring
-    entry $fstring -width 30 -font textfont -textvariable findstring
+    ${NS}::entry $fstring -width 30 -font textfont -textvariable findstring
     trace add variable findstring write find_change
     set findtype [mc "Exact"]
-    set findtypemenu [tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.findtype \
-		      findtype [mc "Exact"] [mc "IgnCase"] [mc "Regexp"]]
+    set findtypemenu [makedroplist .tf.lbar.findtype \
+			  findtype [mc "Exact"] [mc "IgnCase"] [mc "Regexp"]]
     trace add variable findtype write findcom_change
     set findloc [mc "All fields"]
-    tk_optionMenu .tf.lbar.findloc findloc [mc "All fields"] [mc "Headline"] \
+    makedroplist .tf.lbar.findloc findloc [mc "All fields"] [mc "Headline"] \
 	[mc "Comments"] [mc "Author"] [mc "Committer"]
     trace add variable findloc write find_change
     pack .tf.lbar.findloc -side right
@@ -2085,48 +2190,51 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     pack .tf.bar -in .tf -side bottom -fill x
     pack .tf.histframe -fill both -side top -expand 1
     .ctop add .tf
-    .ctop paneconfigure .tf -height $geometry(topheight)
-    .ctop paneconfigure .tf -width $geometry(topwidth)
+    if {!$use_ttk} {
+	.ctop paneconfigure .tf -height $geometry(topheight)
+	.ctop paneconfigure .tf -width $geometry(topwidth)
+    }
 
     # now build up the bottom
-    panedwindow .pwbottom -orient horizontal
+    ${NS}::panedwindow .pwbottom -orient horizontal
 
     # lower left, a text box over search bar, scroll bar to the right
     # if we know window height, then that will set the lower text height, otherwise
     # we set lower text height which will drive window height
     if {[info exists geometry(main)]} {
-        frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
+	${NS}::frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
     } else {
-        frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth) -height $geometry(botheight)
+	${NS}::frame .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth) -height $geometry(botheight)
     }
-    frame .bleft.top
-    frame .bleft.mid
-    frame .bleft.bottom
+    ${NS}::frame .bleft.top
+    ${NS}::frame .bleft.mid
+    ${NS}::frame .bleft.bottom
 
-    button .bleft.top.search -text [mc "Search"] -command dosearch
+    ${NS}::button .bleft.top.search -text [mc "Search"] -command dosearch
     pack .bleft.top.search -side left -padx 5
     set sstring .bleft.top.sstring
-    entry $sstring -width 20 -font textfont -textvariable searchstring
+    set searchstring ""
+    ${NS}::entry $sstring -width 20 -font textfont -textvariable searchstring
     lappend entries $sstring
     trace add variable searchstring write incrsearch
     pack $sstring -side left -expand 1 -fill x
-    radiobutton .bleft.mid.diff -text [mc "Diff"] \
+    ${NS}::radiobutton .bleft.mid.diff -text [mc "Diff"] \
 	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {0 0}
-    radiobutton .bleft.mid.old -text [mc "Old version"] \
+    ${NS}::radiobutton .bleft.mid.old -text [mc "Old version"] \
 	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {0 1}
-    radiobutton .bleft.mid.new -text [mc "New version"] \
+    ${NS}::radiobutton .bleft.mid.new -text [mc "New version"] \
 	-command changediffdisp -variable diffelide -value {1 0}
-    label .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext -text "      [mc "Lines of context"]: "
+    ${NS}::label .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext -text "      [mc "Lines of context"]: "
     pack .bleft.mid.diff .bleft.mid.old .bleft.mid.new -side left
     spinbox .bleft.mid.diffcontext -width 5 -font textfont \
-	-from 1 -increment 1 -to 10000000 \
+	-from 0 -increment 1 -to 10000000 \
 	-validate all -validatecommand "diffcontextvalidate %P" \
 	-textvariable diffcontextstring
     .bleft.mid.diffcontext set $diffcontext
     trace add variable diffcontextstring write diffcontextchange
     lappend entries .bleft.mid.diffcontext
     pack .bleft.mid.labeldiffcontext .bleft.mid.diffcontext -side left
-    checkbutton .bleft.mid.ignspace -text [mc "Ignore space change"] \
+    ${NS}::checkbutton .bleft.mid.ignspace -text [mc "Ignore space change"] \
 	-command changeignorespace -variable ignorespace
     pack .bleft.mid.ignspace -side left -padx 5
     set ctext .bleft.bottom.ctext
@@ -2137,9 +2245,8 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     if {$have_tk85} {
 	$ctext conf -tabstyle wordprocessor
     }
-    scrollbar .bleft.bottom.sb -command "$ctext yview"
-    scrollbar .bleft.bottom.sbhorizontal -command "$ctext xview" -orient h \
-	-width 10
+    ${NS}::scrollbar .bleft.bottom.sb -command "$ctext yview"
+    ${NS}::scrollbar .bleft.bottom.sbhorizontal -command "$ctext xview" -orient h
     pack .bleft.top -side top -fill x
     pack .bleft.mid -side top -fill x
     grid $ctext .bleft.bottom.sb -sticky nsew
@@ -2179,14 +2286,16 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     $ctext tag conf found -back yellow
 
     .pwbottom add .bleft
-    .pwbottom paneconfigure .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
+    if {!$use_ttk} {
+	.pwbottom paneconfigure .bleft -width $geometry(botwidth)
+    }
 
     # lower right
-    frame .bright
-    frame .bright.mode
-    radiobutton .bright.mode.patch -text [mc "Patch"] \
+    ${NS}::frame .bright
+    ${NS}::frame .bright.mode
+    ${NS}::radiobutton .bright.mode.patch -text [mc "Patch"] \
 	-command reselectline -variable cmitmode -value "patch"
-    radiobutton .bright.mode.tree -text [mc "Tree"] \
+    ${NS}::radiobutton .bright.mode.tree -text [mc "Tree"] \
 	-command reselectline -variable cmitmode -value "tree"
     grid .bright.mode.patch .bright.mode.tree -sticky ew
     pack .bright.mode -side top -fill x
@@ -2202,7 +2311,7 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	-spacing1 1 -spacing3 1
     lappend bglist $cflist
     lappend fglist $cflist
-    scrollbar .bright.sb -command "$cflist yview"
+    ${NS}::scrollbar .bright.sb -command "$cflist yview"
     pack .bright.sb -side right -fill y
     pack $cflist -side left -fill both -expand 1
     $cflist tag configure highlight \
@@ -2225,10 +2334,27 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	}
     }
 
+    if {[info exists geometry(state)] && $geometry(state) eq "zoomed"} {
+        wm state . $geometry(state)
+    }
+
     if {[tk windowingsystem] eq {aqua}} {
         set M1B M1
+        set ::BM "3"
     } else {
         set M1B Control
+        set ::BM "2"
+    }
+
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+        bind .ctop <Map> {
+            bind %W <Map> {}
+            %W sashpos 0 $::geometry(topheight)
+        }
+        bind .pwbottom <Map> {
+            bind %W <Map> {}
+            %W sashpos 0 $::geometry(botwidth)
+        }
     }
 
     bind .pwbottom <Configure> {resizecdetpanes %W %w}
@@ -2246,10 +2372,14 @@ proc makewindow {} {
                 set delta [expr {- (%D)}]
                 allcanvs yview scroll $delta units
             }
+            bindall <Shift-MouseWheel> {
+                set delta [expr {- (%D)}]
+                $canv xview scroll $delta units
+            }
         }
     }
-    bindall <2> "canvscan mark %W %x %y"
-    bindall <B2-Motion> "canvscan dragto %W %x %y"
+    bindall <$::BM> "canvscan mark %W %x %y"
+    bindall <B$::BM-Motion> "canvscan dragto %W %x %y"
     bindkey <Home> selfirstline
     bindkey <End> sellastline
     bind . <Key-Up> "selnextline -1"
@@ -2280,7 +2410,8 @@ proc makewindow {} {
     bindkey b prevfile
     bindkey d "$ctext yview scroll 18 units"
     bindkey u "$ctext yview scroll -18 units"
-    bindkey / {dofind 1 1}
+    bindkey / {focus $fstring}
+    bindkey <Key-KP_Divide> {focus $fstring}
     bindkey <Key-Return> {dofind 1 1}
     bindkey ? {dofind -1 1}
     bindkey f nextfile
@@ -2327,6 +2458,10 @@ proc makewindow {} {
 	{mc "Create new branch" command mkbranch}
 	{mc "Cherry-pick this commit" command cherrypick}
 	{mc "Reset HEAD branch to here" command resethead}
+	{mc "Mark this commit" command markhere}
+	{mc "Return to mark" command gotomark}
+	{mc "Find descendant of this and mark" command find_common_desc}
+	{mc "Compare with marked commit" command compare_commits}
     }
     $rowctxmenu configure -tearoff 0
 
@@ -2441,7 +2576,12 @@ proc click {w} {
 proc adjustprogress {} {
     global progresscanv progressitem progresscoords
     global fprogitem fprogcoord lastprogupdate progupdatepending
-    global rprogitem rprogcoord
+    global rprogitem rprogcoord use_ttk
+
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+	$progresscanv configure -value [expr {int($fprogcoord * 100)}]
+	return
+    }
 
     set w [expr {[winfo width $progresscanv] - 4}]
     set x0 [expr {$w * [lindex $progresscoords 0]}]
@@ -2476,13 +2616,18 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
     global maxwidth showneartags showlocalchanges
     global viewname viewfiles viewargs viewargscmd viewperm nextviewnum
     global cmitmode wrapcomment datetimeformat limitdiffs
-    global colors bgcolor fgcolor diffcolors diffcontext selectbgcolor
-    global autoselect extdifftool perfile_attrs markbgcolor
+    global colors uicolor bgcolor fgcolor diffcolors diffcontext selectbgcolor
+    global autoselect extdifftool perfile_attrs markbgcolor use_ttk
+    global hideremotes want_ttk
 
     if {$stuffsaved} return
     if {![winfo viewable .]} return
     catch {
+	if {[file exists ~/.gitk-new]} {file delete -force ~/.gitk-new}
 	set f [open "~/.gitk-new" w]
+	if {$::tcl_platform(platform) eq {windows}} {
+	    file attributes "~/.gitk-new" -hidden true
+	}
 	puts $f [list set mainfont $mainfont]
 	puts $f [list set textfont $textfont]
 	puts $f [list set uifont $uifont]
@@ -2494,9 +2639,12 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
 	puts $f [list set wrapcomment $wrapcomment]
 	puts $f [list set autoselect $autoselect]
 	puts $f [list set showneartags $showneartags]
+	puts $f [list set hideremotes $hideremotes]
 	puts $f [list set showlocalchanges $showlocalchanges]
 	puts $f [list set datetimeformat $datetimeformat]
 	puts $f [list set limitdiffs $limitdiffs]
+	puts $f [list set uicolor $uicolor]
+	puts $f [list set want_ttk $want_ttk]
 	puts $f [list set bgcolor $bgcolor]
 	puts $f [list set fgcolor $fgcolor]
 	puts $f [list set colors $colors]
@@ -2508,10 +2656,16 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
 	puts $f [list set perfile_attrs $perfile_attrs]
 
 	puts $f "set geometry(main) [wm geometry .]"
+	puts $f "set geometry(state) [wm state .]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(topwidth) [winfo width .tf]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(topheight) [winfo height .tf]"
-        puts $f "set geometry(pwsash0) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 0]\""
-        puts $f "set geometry(pwsash1) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 1]\""
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+	    puts $f "set geometry(pwsash0) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sashpos 0] 1\""
+	    puts $f "set geometry(pwsash1) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sashpos 1] 1\""
+	} else {
+	    puts $f "set geometry(pwsash0) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 0]\""
+	    puts $f "set geometry(pwsash1) \"[.tf.histframe.pwclist sash coord 1]\""
+	}
 	puts $f "set geometry(botwidth) [winfo width .bleft]"
 	puts $f "set geometry(botheight) [winfo height .bleft]"
 
@@ -2529,10 +2683,15 @@ proc savestuff {w} {
 }
 
 proc resizeclistpanes {win w} {
-    global oldwidth
+    global oldwidth use_ttk
     if {[info exists oldwidth($win)]} {
-	set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
-	set s1 [$win sash coord 1]
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+	    set s0 [$win sashpos 0]
+	    set s1 [$win sashpos 1]
+	} else {
+	    set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
+	    set s1 [$win sash coord 1]
+	}
 	if {$w < 60} {
 	    set sash0 [expr {int($w/2 - 2)}]
 	    set sash1 [expr {int($w*5/6 - 2)}]
@@ -2553,16 +2712,25 @@ proc resizeclistpanes {win w} {
 		}
 	    }
 	}
-	$win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
-	$win sash place 1 $sash1 [lindex $s1 1]
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+	    $win sashpos 0 $sash0
+	    $win sashpos 1 $sash1
+	} else {
+	    $win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
+	    $win sash place 1 $sash1 [lindex $s1 1]
+	}
     }
     set oldwidth($win) $w
 }
 
 proc resizecdetpanes {win w} {
-    global oldwidth
+    global oldwidth use_ttk
     if {[info exists oldwidth($win)]} {
-	set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+	    set s0 [$win sashpos 0]
+	} else {
+	    set s0 [$win sash coord 0]
+	}
 	if {$w < 60} {
 	    set sash0 [expr {int($w*3/4 - 2)}]
 	} else {
@@ -2575,7 +2743,11 @@ proc resizecdetpanes {win w} {
 		set sash0 [expr {$w - 15}]
 	    }
 	}
-	$win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+	    $win sashpos 0 $sash0
+	} else {
+	    $win sash place 0 $sash0 [lindex $s0 1]
+	}
     }
     set oldwidth($win) $w
 }
@@ -2595,31 +2767,33 @@ proc bindall {event action} {
 }
 
 proc about {} {
-    global uifont
+    global uifont NS
     set w .about
     if {[winfo exists $w]} {
 	raise $w
 	return
     }
-    toplevel $w
+    ttk_toplevel $w
     wm title $w [mc "About gitk"]
     make_transient $w .
     message $w.m -text [mc "
 Gitk - a commit viewer for git
 
-Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras
+Copyright \u00a9 2005-2009 Paul Mackerras
 
 Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"] \
 	    -justify center -aspect 400 -border 2 -bg white -relief groove
     pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 2 -pady 2
-    button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
+    ${NS}::button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
     pack $w.ok -side bottom
     bind $w <Visibility> "focus $w.ok"
     bind $w <Key-Escape> "destroy $w"
     bind $w <Key-Return> "destroy $w"
+    tk::PlaceWindow $w widget .
 }
 
 proc keys {} {
+    global NS
     set w .keys
     if {[winfo exists $w]} {
 	raise $w
@@ -2630,7 +2804,7 @@ proc keys {} {
     } else {
 	set M1T Ctrl
     }
-    toplevel $w
+    ttk_toplevel $w
     wm title $w [mc "Gitk key bindings"]
     make_transient $w .
     message $w.m -text "
@@ -2661,7 +2835,7 @@ proc keys {} {
 [mc "<%s-F>		Find" $M1T]
 [mc "<%s-G>		Move to next find hit" $M1T]
 [mc "<Return>	Move to next find hit"]
-[mc "/		Move to next find hit, or redo find"]
+[mc "/		Focus the search box"]
 [mc "?		Move to previous find hit"]
 [mc "f		Scroll diff view to next file"]
 [mc "<%s-S>		Search for next hit in diff view" $M1T]
@@ -2674,7 +2848,7 @@ proc keys {} {
 " \
 	    -justify left -bg white -border 2 -relief groove
     pack $w.m -side top -fill both -padx 2 -pady 2
-    button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
+    ${NS}::button $w.ok -text [mc "Close"] -command "destroy $w" -default active
     bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
     pack $w.ok -side bottom
     bind $w <Visibility> "focus $w.ok"
@@ -3118,6 +3292,28 @@ proc flist_hl {only} {
     set gdttype [mc "touching paths:"]
 }
 
+proc gitknewtmpdir {} {
+    global diffnum gitktmpdir gitdir
+
+    if {![info exists gitktmpdir]} {
+	set gitktmpdir [file join [file dirname $gitdir] \
+			    [format ".gitk-tmp.%s" [pid]]]
+	if {[catch {file mkdir $gitktmpdir} err]} {
+	    error_popup "[mc "Error creating temporary directory %s:" $gitktmpdir] $err"
+	    unset gitktmpdir
+	    return {}
+	}
+	set diffnum 0
+    }
+    incr diffnum
+    set diffdir [file join $gitktmpdir $diffnum]
+    if {[catch {file mkdir $diffdir} err]} {
+	error_popup "[mc "Error creating temporary directory %s:" $diffdir] $err"
+	return {}
+    }
+    return $diffdir
+}
+
 proc save_file_from_commit {filename output what} {
     global nullfile
 
@@ -3152,11 +3348,10 @@ proc external_diff_get_one_file {diffid filename diffdir} {
 }
 
 proc external_diff {} {
-    global gitktmpdir nullid nullid2
+    global nullid nullid2
     global flist_menu_file
     global diffids
-    global diffnum
-    global gitdir extdifftool
+    global extdifftool
 
     if {[llength $diffids] == 1} {
         # no reference commit given
@@ -3178,31 +3373,16 @@ proc external_diff {} {
     }
 
     # make sure that several diffs wont collide
-    if {![info exists gitktmpdir]} {
-	set gitktmpdir [file join [file dirname $gitdir] \
-			    [format ".gitk-tmp.%s" [pid]]]
-	if {[catch {file mkdir $gitktmpdir} err]} {
-	    error_popup "[mc "Error creating temporary directory %s:" $gitktmpdir] $err"
-	    unset gitktmpdir
-	    return
-	}
-	set diffnum 0
-    }
-    incr diffnum
-    set diffdir [file join $gitktmpdir $diffnum]
-    if {[catch {file mkdir $diffdir} err]} {
-	error_popup "[mc "Error creating temporary directory %s:" $diffdir] $err"
-	return
-    }
+    set diffdir [gitknewtmpdir]
+    if {$diffdir eq {}} return
 
     # gather files to diff
     set difffromfile [external_diff_get_one_file $diffidfrom $flist_menu_file $diffdir]
     set difftofile [external_diff_get_one_file $diffidto $flist_menu_file $diffdir]
 
     if {$difffromfile ne {} && $difftofile ne {}} {
-        set cmd [concat | [shellsplit $extdifftool] \
-		     [list $difffromfile $difftofile]]
-        if {[catch {set fl [open $cmd r]} err]} {
+        set cmd [list [shellsplit $extdifftool] $difffromfile $difftofile]
+        if {[catch {set fl [open |$cmd r]} err]} {
             file delete -force $diffdir
             error_popup "$extdifftool: [mc "command failed:"] $err"
         } else {
@@ -3319,8 +3499,30 @@ proc index_sha1 {fname} {
     return {}
 }
 
+# Turn an absolute path into one relative to the current directory
+proc make_relative {f} {
+    if {[file pathtype $f] eq "relative"} {
+	return $f
+    }
+    set elts [file split $f]
+    set here [file split [pwd]]
+    set ei 0
+    set hi 0
+    set res {}
+    foreach d $here {
+	if {$ei < $hi || $ei >= [llength $elts] || [lindex $elts $ei] ne $d} {
+	    lappend res ".."
+	} else {
+	    incr ei
+	}
+	incr hi
+    }
+    set elts [concat $res [lrange $elts $ei end]]
+    return [eval file join $elts]
+}
+
 proc external_blame {parent_idx {line {}}} {
-    global flist_menu_file
+    global flist_menu_file gitdir
     global nullid nullid2
     global parentlist selectedline currentid
 
@@ -3339,7 +3541,11 @@ proc external_blame {parent_idx {line {}}} {
     if {$line ne {} && $line > 1} {
 	lappend cmdline "--line=$line"
     }
-    lappend cmdline $base_commit $flist_menu_file
+    set f [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $flist_menu_file]
+    # Unfortunately it seems git gui blame doesn't like
+    # being given an absolute path...
+    set f [make_relative $f]
+    lappend cmdline $base_commit $f
     if {[catch {eval exec $cmdline &} err]} {
 	error_popup "[mc "git gui blame: command failed:"] $err"
     }
@@ -3383,6 +3589,8 @@ proc show_line_source {} {
 		    error_popup [mc "Error reading index: %s" $err]
 		    return
 		}
+	    } else {
+		set id $parents($curview,$currentid)
 	    }
 	} else {
 	    set id [lindex $parents($curview,$currentid) $pi]
@@ -3399,13 +3607,14 @@ proc show_line_source {} {
     } else {
 	lappend blameargs $id
     }
-    lappend blameargs -- $flist_menu_file
+    lappend blameargs -- [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $flist_menu_file]
     if {[catch {
 	set f [open $blameargs r]
     } err]} {
 	error_popup [mc "Couldn't start git blame: %s" $err]
 	return
     }
+    nowbusy blaming [mc "Searching"]
     fconfigure $f -blocking 0
     set i [reg_instance $f]
     set blamestuff($i) {}
@@ -3419,6 +3628,7 @@ proc stopblaming {} {
     if {[info exists blameinst]} {
 	stop_instance $blameinst
 	unset blameinst
+	notbusy blaming
     }
 }
 
@@ -3433,6 +3643,7 @@ proc read_line_source {fd inst} {
     }
     unset commfd($inst)
     unset blameinst
+    notbusy blaming
     fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
     if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
 	error_popup [mc "Error running git blame: %s" $err]
@@ -3599,17 +3810,36 @@ proc newview {ishighlight} {
 }
 
 set known_view_options {
-    {perm    b    . {}               {mc "Remember this view"}}
-    {args    t50= + {}               {mc "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"}}
-    {all     b    * "--all"          {mc "Use all refs"}}
-    {dorder  b    . {"--date-order" "-d"}      {mc "Strictly sort by date"}}
-    {lright  b    . "--left-right"   {mc "Mark branch sides"}}
-    {since   t15  + {"--since=*" "--after=*"}  {mc "Since date:"}}
-    {until   t15  . {"--until=*" "--before=*"} {mc "Until date:"}}
-    {limit   t10  + "--max-count=*"  {mc "Max count:"}}
-    {skip    t10  . "--skip=*"       {mc "Skip:"}}
-    {first   b    . "--first-parent" {mc "Limit to first parent"}}
-    {cmd     t50= + {}               {mc "Command to generate more commits to include:"}}
+    {perm      b    .  {}               {mc "Remember this view"}}
+    {reflabel  l    +  {}               {mc "References (space separated list):"}}
+    {refs      t15  .. {}               {mc "Branches & tags:"}}
+    {allrefs   b    *. "--all"          {mc "All refs"}}
+    {branches  b    .  "--branches"     {mc "All (local) branches"}}
+    {tags      b    .  "--tags"         {mc "All tags"}}
+    {remotes   b    .  "--remotes"      {mc "All remote-tracking branches"}}
+    {commitlbl l    +  {}               {mc "Commit Info (regular expressions):"}}
+    {author    t15  .. "--author=*"     {mc "Author:"}}
+    {committer t15  .  "--committer=*"  {mc "Committer:"}}
+    {loginfo   t15  .. "--grep=*"       {mc "Commit Message:"}}
+    {allmatch  b    .. "--all-match"    {mc "Matches all Commit Info criteria"}}
+    {changes_l l    +  {}               {mc "Changes to Files:"}}
+    {pickaxe_s r0   .  {}               {mc "Fixed String"}}
+    {pickaxe_t r1   .  "--pickaxe-regex"  {mc "Regular Expression"}}
+    {pickaxe   t15  .. "-S*"            {mc "Search string:"}}
+    {datelabel l    +  {}               {mc "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 15:27:38\"):"}}
+    {since     t15  ..  {"--since=*" "--after=*"}  {mc "Since:"}}
+    {until     t15  .   {"--until=*" "--before=*"} {mc "Until:"}}
+    {limit_lbl l    +  {}               {mc "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"}}
+    {limit     t10  *. "--max-count=*"  {mc "Number to show:"}}
+    {skip      t10  .  "--skip=*"       {mc "Number to skip:"}}
+    {misc_lbl  l    +  {}               {mc "Miscellaneous options:"}}
+    {dorder    b    *. {"--date-order" "-d"}      {mc "Strictly sort by date"}}
+    {lright    b    .  "--left-right"   {mc "Mark branch sides"}}
+    {first     b    .  "--first-parent" {mc "Limit to first parent"}}
+    {smplhst   b    .  "--simplify-by-decoration"   {mc "Simple history"}}
+    {args      t50  *. {}               {mc "Additional arguments to git log:"}}
+    {allpaths  path +  {}               {mc "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"}}
+    {cmd       t50= +  {}               {mc "Command to generate more commits to include:"}}
     }
 
 proc encode_view_opts {n} {
@@ -3621,13 +3851,19 @@ proc encode_view_opts {n} {
 	if {$patterns eq {}} continue
 	set pattern [lindex $patterns 0]
 
-	set val $newviewopts($n,[lindex $opt 0])
-	
 	if {[lindex $opt 1] eq "b"} {
+	    set val $newviewopts($n,[lindex $opt 0])
 	    if {$val} {
 		lappend rargs $pattern
 	    }
+	} elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} [lindex $opt 1] type value]} {
+	    regexp {^(.*_)} [lindex $opt 0] uselessvar button_id
+	    set val $newviewopts($n,$button_id)
+	    if {$val eq $value} {
+		lappend rargs $pattern
+	    }
 	} else {
+	    set val $newviewopts($n,[lindex $opt 0])
 	    set val [string trim $val]
 	    if {$val ne {}} {
 		set pfix [string range $pattern 0 end-1]
@@ -3635,6 +3871,7 @@ proc encode_view_opts {n} {
 	    }
 	}
     }
+    set rargs [concat $rargs [shellsplit $newviewopts($n,refs)]]
     return [concat $rargs [shellsplit $newviewopts($n,args)]]
 }
 
@@ -3642,14 +3879,22 @@ proc decode_view_opts {n view_args} {
     global known_view_options newviewopts
 
     foreach opt $known_view_options {
+	set id [lindex $opt 0]
 	if {[lindex $opt 1] eq "b"} {
+	    # Checkboxes
+	    set val 0
+        } elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} [lindex $opt 1]]} {
+	    # Radiobuttons
+	    regexp {^(.*_)} $id uselessvar id
 	    set val 0
 	} else {
+	    # Text fields
 	    set val {}
 	}
-	set newviewopts($n,[lindex $opt 0]) $val
+	set newviewopts($n,$id) $val
     }
     set oargs [list]
+    set refargs [list]
     foreach arg $view_args {
 	if {[regexp -- {^-([0-9]+)$} $arg arg cnt]
 	    && ![info exists found(limit)]} {
@@ -3663,11 +3908,17 @@ proc decode_view_opts {n view_args} {
 	    if {[info exists found($id)]} continue
 	    foreach pattern [lindex $opt 3] {
 		if {![string match $pattern $arg]} continue
-		if {[lindex $opt 1] ne "b"} {
+		if {[lindex $opt 1] eq "b"} {
+		    # Check buttons
+		    set val 1
+		} elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} [lindex $opt 1] match num]} {
+		    # Radio buttons
+		    regexp {^(.*_)} $id uselessvar id
+		    set val $num
+		} else {
+		    # Text input fields
 		    set size [string length $pattern]
 		    set val [string range $arg [expr {$size-1}] end]
-		} else {
-		    set val 1
 		}
 		set newviewopts($n,$id) $val
 		set found($id) 1
@@ -3676,8 +3927,13 @@ proc decode_view_opts {n view_args} {
 	    if {[info exists val]} break
 	}
 	if {[info exists val]} continue
-	lappend oargs $arg
+	if {[regexp {^-} $arg]} {
+	    lappend oargs $arg
+	} else {
+	    lappend refargs $arg
+	}
     }
+    set newviewopts($n,refs) [shellarglist $refargs]
     set newviewopts($n,args) [shellarglist $oargs]
 }
 
@@ -3705,24 +3961,24 @@ proc editview {} {
     set newviewopts($curview,perm) $viewperm($curview)
     set newviewopts($curview,cmd)  $viewargscmd($curview)
     decode_view_opts $curview $viewargs($curview)
-    vieweditor $top $curview "Gitk: edit view $viewname($curview)"
+    vieweditor $top $curview "[mc "Gitk: edit view"] $viewname($curview)"
 }
 
 proc vieweditor {top n title} {
     global newviewname newviewopts viewfiles bgcolor
-    global known_view_options
+    global known_view_options NS
 
-    toplevel $top
-    wm title $top $title
+    ttk_toplevel $top
+    wm title $top [concat $title [mc "-- criteria for selecting revisions"]]
     make_transient $top .
 
     # View name
-    frame $top.nfr
-    label $top.nl -text [mc "Name"]
-    entry $top.name -width 20 -textvariable newviewname($n)
+    ${NS}::frame $top.nfr
+    ${NS}::label $top.nl -text [mc "View Name"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.name -width 20 -textvariable newviewname($n)
     pack $top.nfr -in $top -fill x -pady 5 -padx 3
-    pack $top.nl -in $top.nfr -side left -padx {0 30}
-    pack $top.name -in $top.nfr -side left
+    pack $top.nl -in $top.nfr -side left -padx {0 5}
+    pack $top.name -in $top.nfr -side left -padx {0 25}
 
     # View options
     set cframe $top.nfr
@@ -3738,50 +3994,63 @@ proc vieweditor {top n title} {
 	if {$flags eq "+" || $flags eq "*"} {
 	    set cframe $top.fr$cnt
 	    incr cnt
-	    frame $cframe
+	    ${NS}::frame $cframe
 	    pack $cframe -in $top -fill x -pady 3 -padx 3
 	    set cexpand [expr {$flags eq "*"}]
+        } elseif {$flags eq ".." || $flags eq "*."} {
+	    set cframe $top.fr$cnt
+	    incr cnt
+	    ${NS}::frame $cframe
+	    pack $cframe -in $top -fill x -pady 3 -padx [list 15 3]
+	    set cexpand [expr {$flags eq "*."}]
 	} else {
 	    set lxpad 5
 	}
 
-	if {$type eq "b"} {
-	    checkbutton $cframe.c_$id -text $title -variable newviewopts($n,$id)
+	if {$type eq "l"} {
+            ${NS}::label $cframe.l_$id -text $title
+            pack $cframe.l_$id -in $cframe -side left -pady [list 3 0] -anchor w
+	} elseif {$type eq "b"} {
+	    ${NS}::checkbutton $cframe.c_$id -text $title -variable newviewopts($n,$id)
+	    pack $cframe.c_$id -in $cframe -side left \
+		-padx [list $lxpad 0] -expand $cexpand -anchor w
+	} elseif {[regexp {^r(\d+)$} $type type sz]} {
+	    regexp {^(.*_)} $id uselessvar button_id
+	    ${NS}::radiobutton $cframe.c_$id -text $title -variable newviewopts($n,$button_id) -value $sz
 	    pack $cframe.c_$id -in $cframe -side left \
 		-padx [list $lxpad 0] -expand $cexpand -anchor w
 	} elseif {[regexp {^t(\d+)$} $type type sz]} {
-	    message $cframe.l_$id -aspect 1500 -text $title
-	    entry $cframe.e_$id -width $sz -background $bgcolor \
+	    ${NS}::label $cframe.l_$id -text $title
+	    ${NS}::entry $cframe.e_$id -width $sz -background $bgcolor \
 		-textvariable newviewopts($n,$id)
 	    pack $cframe.l_$id -in $cframe -side left -padx [list $lxpad 0]
 	    pack $cframe.e_$id -in $cframe -side left -expand 1 -fill x
 	} elseif {[regexp {^t(\d+)=$} $type type sz]} {
-	    message $cframe.l_$id -aspect 1500 -text $title
-	    entry $cframe.e_$id -width $sz -background $bgcolor \
+	    ${NS}::label $cframe.l_$id -text $title
+	    ${NS}::entry $cframe.e_$id -width $sz -background $bgcolor \
 		-textvariable newviewopts($n,$id)
 	    pack $cframe.l_$id -in $cframe -side top -pady [list 3 0] -anchor w
 	    pack $cframe.e_$id -in $cframe -side top -fill x
+	} elseif {$type eq "path"} {
+	    ${NS}::label $top.l -text $title
+	    pack $top.l -in $top -side top -pady [list 3 0] -anchor w -padx 3
+	    text $top.t -width 40 -height 5 -background $bgcolor -font uifont
+	    if {[info exists viewfiles($n)]} {
+		foreach f $viewfiles($n) {
+		    $top.t insert end $f
+		    $top.t insert end "\n"
+		}
+		$top.t delete {end - 1c} end
+		$top.t mark set insert 0.0
+	    }
+	    pack $top.t -in $top -side top -pady [list 0 5] -fill both -expand 1 -padx 3
 	}
     }
 
-    # Path list
-    message $top.l -aspect 1500 \
-	-text [mc "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"]
-    pack $top.l -in $top -side top -pady [list 7 0] -anchor w -padx 3
-    text $top.t -width 40 -height 5 -background $bgcolor -font uifont
-    if {[info exists viewfiles($n)]} {
-	foreach f $viewfiles($n) {
-	    $top.t insert end $f
-	    $top.t insert end "\n"
-	}
-	$top.t delete {end - 1c} end
-	$top.t mark set insert 0.0
-    }
-    pack $top.t -in $top -side top -pady [list 0 5] -fill both -expand 1 -padx 3
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command [list newviewok $top $n]
-    button $top.buts.apply -text [mc "Apply (F5)"] -command [list newviewok $top $n 1]
-    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command [list destroy $top]
+    ${NS}::frame $top.buts
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command [list newviewok $top $n]
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.apply -text [mc "Apply (F5)"] -command [list newviewok $top $n 1]
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command [list destroy $top]
     bind $top <Control-Return> [list newviewok $top $n]
     bind $top <F5> [list newviewok $top $n 1]
     bind $top <Escape> [list destroy $top]
@@ -4014,7 +4283,7 @@ proc ishighlighted {id} {
 }
 
 proc bolden {id font} {
-    global canv linehtag currentid boldids need_redisplay
+    global canv linehtag currentid boldids need_redisplay markedid
 
     # need_redisplay = 1 means the display is stale and about to be redrawn
     if {$need_redisplay} return
@@ -4027,6 +4296,9 @@ proc bolden {id font} {
 		   -fill [$canv cget -selectbackground]]
 	$canv lower $t
     }
+    if {[info exists markedid] && $id eq $markedid} {
+	make_idmark $id
+    }
 }
 
 proc bolden_name {id font} {
@@ -4121,7 +4393,7 @@ proc askvhighlight {row id} {
 
 proc hfiles_change {} {
     global highlight_files filehighlight fhighlights fh_serial
-    global highlight_paths gdttype
+    global highlight_paths
 
     if {[info exists filehighlight]} {
 	# delete previous highlights
@@ -5531,7 +5803,7 @@ proc drawcmittext {id row col} {
     global cmitlisted commitinfo rowidlist parentlist
     global rowtextx idpos idtags idheads idotherrefs
     global linehtag linentag linedtag selectedline
-    global canvxmax boldids boldnameids fgcolor
+    global canvxmax boldids boldnameids fgcolor markedid
     global mainheadid nullid nullid2 circleitem circlecolors ctxbut
 
     # listed is 0 for boundary, 1 for normal, 2 for negative, 3 for left, 4 for right
@@ -5613,6 +5885,9 @@ proc drawcmittext {id row col} {
     if {$selectedline == $row} {
 	make_secsel $id
     }
+    if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid eq $id} {
+	make_idmark $id
+    }
     set xr [expr {$xt + [font measure $font $headline]}]
     if {$xr > $canvxmax} {
 	set canvxmax $xr
@@ -5702,7 +5977,6 @@ proc drawcommits {row {endrow {}}} {
     optimize_rows $ro1 0 $r2
     if {$need_redisplay || $nrows_drawn > 2000} {
 	clear_display
-	drawvisible
     }
 
     # make the lines join to already-drawn rows either side
@@ -6286,10 +6560,11 @@ proc findmore {} {
 proc findselectline {l} {
     global findloc commentend ctext findcurline markingmatches gdttype
 
-    set markingmatches 1
+    set markingmatches [expr {$gdttype eq [mc "containing:"]}]
     set findcurline $l
     selectline $l 1
-    if {$findloc == [mc "All fields"] || $findloc == [mc "Comments"]} {
+    if {$markingmatches &&
+	($findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq [mc "Comments"])} {
 	# highlight the matches in the comments
 	set f [$ctext get 1.0 $commentend]
 	set matches [findmatches $f]
@@ -6411,6 +6686,17 @@ proc setlink {id lk} {
     }
 }
 
+proc appendshortlink {id {pre {}} {post {}}} {
+    global ctext linknum
+
+    $ctext insert end $pre
+    $ctext tag delete link$linknum
+    $ctext insert end [string range $id 0 7] link$linknum
+    $ctext insert end $post
+    setlink $id link$linknum
+    incr linknum
+}
+
 proc makelink {id} {
     global pendinglinks
 
@@ -6467,7 +6753,7 @@ proc appendrefs {pos ids var} {
 	}
     }
     if {[llength $tags] > $maxrefs} {
-	$ctext insert $pos "many ([llength $tags])"
+	$ctext insert $pos "[mc "many"] ([llength $tags])"
     } else {
 	set tags [lsort -index 0 -decreasing $tags]
 	set sep {}
@@ -6554,6 +6840,16 @@ proc make_secsel {id} {
     $canv3 lower $t
 }
 
+proc make_idmark {id} {
+    global linehtag canv fgcolor
+
+    if {![info exists linehtag($id)]} return
+    $canv delete markid
+    set t [eval $canv create rect [$canv bbox $linehtag($id)] \
+	       -tags markid -outline $fgcolor]
+    $canv raise $t
+}
+
 proc selectline {l isnew {desired_loc {}}} {
     global canv ctext commitinfo selectedline
     global canvy0 linespc parents children curview
@@ -6618,14 +6914,13 @@ proc selectline {l isnew {desired_loc {}}} {
     make_secsel $id
 
     if {$isnew} {
-	addtohistory [list selbyid $id]
+	addtohistory [list selbyid $id 0] savecmitpos
     }
 
     $sha1entry delete 0 end
     $sha1entry insert 0 $id
     if {$autoselect} {
-	$sha1entry selection from 0
-	$sha1entry selection to end
+	$sha1entry selection range 0 end
     }
     rhighlight_sel $id
 
@@ -6770,10 +7065,12 @@ proc reselectline {} {
     }
 }
 
-proc addtohistory {cmd} {
+proc addtohistory {cmd {saveproc {}}} {
     global history historyindex curview
 
-    set elt [list $curview $cmd]
+    unset_posvars
+    save_position
+    set elt [list $curview $cmd $saveproc {}]
     if {$historyindex > 0
 	&& [lindex $history [expr {$historyindex - 1}]] == $elt} {
 	return
@@ -6793,14 +7090,45 @@ proc addtohistory {cmd} {
     .tf.bar.rightbut conf -state disabled
 }
 
+# save the scrolling position of the diff display pane
+proc save_position {} {
+    global historyindex history
+
+    if {$historyindex < 1} return
+    set hi [expr {$historyindex - 1}]
+    set fn [lindex $history $hi 2]
+    if {$fn ne {}} {
+	lset history $hi 3 [eval $fn]
+    }
+}
+
+proc unset_posvars {} {
+    global last_posvars
+
+    if {[info exists last_posvars]} {
+	foreach {var val} $last_posvars {
+	    global $var
+	    catch {unset $var}
+	}
+	unset last_posvars
+    }
+}
+
 proc godo {elt} {
-    global curview
+    global curview last_posvars
 
     set view [lindex $elt 0]
     set cmd [lindex $elt 1]
+    set pv [lindex $elt 3]
     if {$curview != $view} {
 	showview $view
     }
+    unset_posvars
+    foreach {var val} $pv {
+	global $var
+	set $var $val
+    }
+    set last_posvars $pv
     eval $cmd
 }
 
@@ -6809,6 +7137,7 @@ proc goback {} {
     focus .
 
     if {$historyindex > 1} {
+	save_position
 	incr historyindex -1
 	godo [lindex $history [expr {$historyindex - 1}]]
 	.tf.bar.rightbut conf -state normal
@@ -6823,6 +7152,7 @@ proc goforw {} {
     focus .
 
     if {$historyindex < [llength $history]} {
+	save_position
 	set cmd [lindex $history $historyindex]
 	incr historyindex
 	godo $cmd
@@ -7055,7 +7385,7 @@ proc diffcmd {ids flags} {
 	set cmd [concat | git diff-index --cached $flags]
 	if {[llength $ids] > 1} {
 	    # comparing index with specific revision
-	    if {$i == 0} {
+	    if {$j == 0} {
 		lappend cmd -R [lindex $ids 1]
 	    } else {
 		lappend cmd [lindex $ids 0]
@@ -7129,7 +7459,7 @@ proc gettreediffline {gdtf ids} {
 	set treediffs($ids) $treediff
     }
     unset treepending
-    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree" && [llength $diffids] == 1} {
 	gettree $diffids
     } elseif {$ids != $diffids} {
 	if {![info exists diffmergeid]} {
@@ -7150,7 +7480,7 @@ proc diffcontextchange {n1 n2 op} {
     global diffcontextstring diffcontext
 
     if {[string is integer -strict $diffcontextstring]} {
-	if {$diffcontextstring > 0} {
+	if {$diffcontextstring >= 0} {
 	    set diffcontext $diffcontextstring
 	    reselectline
 	}
@@ -7168,8 +7498,17 @@ proc getblobdiffs {ids} {
     global ignorespace
     global limitdiffs vfilelimit curview
     global diffencoding targetline diffnparents
+    global git_version
 
-    set cmd [diffcmd $ids "-p -C --cc --no-commit-id -U$diffcontext"]
+    set textconv {}
+    if {[package vcompare $git_version "1.6.1"] >= 0} {
+	set textconv "--textconv"
+    }
+    set submodule {}
+    if {[package vcompare $git_version "1.6.6"] >= 0} {
+	set submodule "--submodule"
+    }
+    set cmd [diffcmd $ids "-p $textconv $submodule  -C --cc --no-commit-id -U$diffcontext"]
     if {$ignorespace} {
 	append cmd " -w"
     }
@@ -7184,11 +7523,39 @@ proc getblobdiffs {ids} {
     set diffnparents 0
     set diffinhdr 0
     set diffencoding [get_path_encoding {}]
-    fconfigure $bdf -blocking 0 -encoding binary
+    fconfigure $bdf -blocking 0 -encoding binary -eofchar {}
     set blobdifffd($ids) $bdf
     filerun $bdf [list getblobdiffline $bdf $diffids]
 }
 
+proc savecmitpos {} {
+    global ctext cmitmode
+
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
+	return {}
+    }
+    return [list target_scrollpos [$ctext index @0,0]]
+}
+
+proc savectextpos {} {
+    global ctext
+
+    return [list target_scrollpos [$ctext index @0,0]]
+}
+
+proc maybe_scroll_ctext {ateof} {
+    global ctext target_scrollpos
+
+    if {![info exists target_scrollpos]} return
+    if {!$ateof} {
+	set nlines [expr {[winfo height $ctext]
+			  / [font metrics textfont -linespace]}]
+	if {[$ctext compare "$target_scrollpos + $nlines lines" <= end]} return
+    }
+    $ctext yview $target_scrollpos
+    unset target_scrollpos
+}
+
 proc setinlist {var i val} {
     global $var
 
@@ -7234,7 +7601,7 @@ proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
     $ctext conf -state normal
     while {[incr nr] <= 1000 && [gets $bdf line] >= 0} {
 	if {$ids != $diffids || $bdf != $blobdifffd($ids)} {
-	    close $bdf
+	    catch {close $bdf}
 	    return 0
 	}
 	if {![string compare -length 5 "diff " $line]} {
@@ -7307,6 +7674,21 @@ proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
 	    set diffnparents [expr {[string length $ats] - 1}]
 	    set diffinhdr 0
 
+	} elseif {![string compare -length 10 "Submodule " $line]} {
+	    # start of a new submodule
+	    if {[string compare [$ctext get "end - 4c" end] "\n \n\n"]} {
+		$ctext insert end "\n";     # Add newline after commit message
+	    }
+	    set curdiffstart [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
+	    lappend ctext_file_names ""
+	    set fname [string range $line 10 [expr [string last " " $line] - 1]]
+	    lappend ctext_file_lines $fname
+	    makediffhdr $fname $ids
+	    $ctext insert end "\n$line\n" filesep
+	} elseif {![string compare -length 3 "  >" $line]} {
+	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" dresult
+	} elseif {![string compare -length 3 "  <" $line]} {
+	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" d0
 	} elseif {$diffinhdr} {
 	    if {![string compare -length 12 "rename from " $line]} {
 		set fname [string range $line [expr 6 + [string first " from " $line] ] end]
@@ -7335,7 +7717,8 @@ proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
 	    $ctext insert end "$line\n" filesep
 
 	} else {
-	    set line [encoding convertfrom $diffencoding $line]
+	    set line [string map {\x1A ^Z} \
+                          [encoding convertfrom $diffencoding $line]]
 	    # parse the prefix - one ' ', '-' or '+' for each parent
 	    set prefix [string range $line 0 [expr {$diffnparents - 1}]]
 	    set tag [expr {$diffnparents > 1? "m": "d"}]
@@ -7383,9 +7766,10 @@ proc getblobdiffline {bdf ids} {
     if {[info exists seehere]} {
 	mark_ctext_line [lindex [split $seehere .] 0]
     }
+    maybe_scroll_ctext [eof $bdf]
     $ctext conf -state disabled
     if {[eof $bdf]} {
-	close $bdf
+	catch {close $bdf}
 	return 0
     }
     return [expr {$nr >= 1000? 2: 1}]
@@ -7742,6 +8126,11 @@ proc gotocommit {} {
 		}
 		set id [lindex $matches 0]
 	    }
+	} else {
+	    if {[catch {set id [exec git rev-parse --verify $sha1string]}]} {
+		error_popup [mc "Revision %s is not known" $sha1string]
+		return
+	    }
 	}
     }
     if {[commitinview $id $curview]} {
@@ -7751,7 +8140,7 @@ proc gotocommit {} {
     if {[regexp {^[0-9a-fA-F]{4,}$} $sha1string]} {
 	set msg [mc "SHA1 id %s is not known" $sha1string]
     } else {
-	set msg [mc "Tag/Head %s is not known" $sha1string]
+	set msg [mc "Revision %s is not in the current view" $sha1string]
     }
     error_popup $msg
 }
@@ -7877,7 +8266,7 @@ proc lineclick {x y id isnew} {
     }
 
     if {$isnew} {
-	addtohistory [list lineclick $x $y $id 0]
+	addtohistory [list lineclick $x $y $id 0] savectextpos
     }
     # fill the details pane with info about this line
     $ctext conf -state normal
@@ -7908,6 +8297,7 @@ proc lineclick {x y id isnew} {
 	    $ctext insert end "\n\t[mc "Date"]:\t$date\n"
 	}
     }
+    maybe_scroll_ctext 1
     $ctext conf -state disabled
     init_flist {}
 }
@@ -7921,10 +8311,10 @@ proc normalline {} {
     }
 }
 
-proc selbyid {id} {
+proc selbyid {id {isnew 1}} {
     global curview
     if {[commitinview $id $curview]} {
-	selectline [rowofcommit $id] 1
+	selectline [rowofcommit $id] $isnew
     }
 }
 
@@ -7938,7 +8328,7 @@ proc mstime {} {
 
 proc rowmenu {x y id} {
     global rowctxmenu selectedline rowmenuid curview
-    global nullid nullid2 fakerowmenu mainhead
+    global nullid nullid2 fakerowmenu mainhead markedid
 
     stopfinding
     set rowmenuid $id
@@ -7950,10 +8340,19 @@ proc rowmenu {x y id} {
     if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
 	set menu $rowctxmenu
 	if {$mainhead ne {}} {
-	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Reset %s branch to here" $mainhead]
+	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Reset %s branch to here" $mainhead] -state normal
 	} else {
 	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Detached head: can't reset" $mainhead] -state disabled
 	}
+	if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid ne $id} {
+	    $menu entryconfigure 9 -state normal
+	    $menu entryconfigure 10 -state normal
+	    $menu entryconfigure 11 -state normal
+	} else {
+	    $menu entryconfigure 9 -state disabled
+	    $menu entryconfigure 10 -state disabled
+	    $menu entryconfigure 11 -state disabled
+	}
     } else {
 	set menu $fakerowmenu
     }
@@ -7963,6 +8362,190 @@ proc rowmenu {x y id} {
     tk_popup $menu $x $y
 }
 
+proc markhere {} {
+    global rowmenuid markedid canv
+
+    set markedid $rowmenuid
+    make_idmark $markedid
+}
+
+proc gotomark {} {
+    global markedid
+
+    if {[info exists markedid]} {
+	selbyid $markedid
+    }
+}
+
+proc replace_by_kids {l r} {
+    global curview children
+
+    set id [commitonrow $r]
+    set l [lreplace $l 0 0]
+    foreach kid $children($curview,$id) {
+	lappend l [rowofcommit $kid]
+    }
+    return [lsort -integer -decreasing -unique $l]
+}
+
+proc find_common_desc {} {
+    global markedid rowmenuid curview children
+
+    if {![info exists markedid]} return
+    if {![commitinview $markedid $curview] ||
+	![commitinview $rowmenuid $curview]} return
+    #set t1 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    set l1 [list [rowofcommit $markedid]]
+    set l2 [list [rowofcommit $rowmenuid]]
+    while 1 {
+	set r1 [lindex $l1 0]
+	set r2 [lindex $l2 0]
+	if {$r1 eq {} || $r2 eq {}} break
+	if {$r1 == $r2} {
+	    selectline $r1 1
+	    break
+	}
+	if {$r1 > $r2} {
+	    set l1 [replace_by_kids $l1 $r1]
+	} else {
+	    set l2 [replace_by_kids $l2 $r2]
+	}
+    }
+    #set t2 [clock clicks -milliseconds]
+    #puts "took [expr {$t2-$t1}]ms"
+}
+
+proc compare_commits {} {
+    global markedid rowmenuid curview children
+
+    if {![info exists markedid]} return
+    if {![commitinview $markedid $curview]} return
+    addtohistory [list do_cmp_commits $markedid $rowmenuid]
+    do_cmp_commits $markedid $rowmenuid
+}
+
+proc getpatchid {id} {
+    global patchids
+
+    if {![info exists patchids($id)]} {
+	set cmd [diffcmd [list $id] {-p --root}]
+	# trim off the initial "|"
+	set cmd [lrange $cmd 1 end]
+	if {[catch {
+	    set x [eval exec $cmd | git patch-id]
+	    set patchids($id) [lindex $x 0]
+	}]} {
+	    set patchids($id) "error"
+	}
+    }
+    return $patchids($id)
+}
+
+proc do_cmp_commits {a b} {
+    global ctext curview parents children patchids commitinfo
+
+    $ctext conf -state normal
+    clear_ctext
+    init_flist {}
+    for {set i 0} {$i < 100} {incr i} {
+	set skipa 0
+	set skipb 0
+	if {[llength $parents($curview,$a)] > 1} {
+	    appendshortlink $a [mc "Skipping merge commit "] "\n"
+	    set skipa 1
+	} else {
+	    set patcha [getpatchid $a]
+	}
+	if {[llength $parents($curview,$b)] > 1} {
+	    appendshortlink $b [mc "Skipping merge commit "] "\n"
+	    set skipb 1
+	} else {
+	    set patchb [getpatchid $b]
+	}
+	if {!$skipa && !$skipb} {
+	    set heada [lindex $commitinfo($a) 0]
+	    set headb [lindex $commitinfo($b) 0]
+	    if {$patcha eq "error"} {
+		appendshortlink $a [mc "Error getting patch ID for "] \
+		    [mc " - stopping\n"]
+		break
+	    }
+	    if {$patchb eq "error"} {
+		appendshortlink $b [mc "Error getting patch ID for "] \
+		    [mc " - stopping\n"]
+		break
+	    }
+	    if {$patcha eq $patchb} {
+		if {$heada eq $headb} {
+		    appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "]
+		    appendshortlink $b " == " "  $heada\n"
+		} else {
+		    appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "] "  $heada\n"
+		    appendshortlink $b [mc " is the same patch as\n       "] \
+			"  $headb\n"
+		}
+		set skipa 1
+		set skipb 1
+	    } else {
+		$ctext insert end "\n"
+		appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "] "  $heada\n"
+		appendshortlink $b [mc " differs from\n       "] \
+		    "  $headb\n"
+		$ctext insert end [mc "Diff of commits:\n\n"]
+		$ctext conf -state disabled
+		update
+		diffcommits $a $b
+		return
+	    }
+	}
+	if {$skipa} {
+	    set kids [real_children $curview,$a]
+	    if {[llength $kids] != 1} {
+		$ctext insert end "\n"
+		appendshortlink $a [mc "Commit "] \
+		    [mc " has %s children - stopping\n" [llength $kids]]
+		break
+	    }
+	    set a [lindex $kids 0]
+	}
+	if {$skipb} {
+	    set kids [real_children $curview,$b]
+	    if {[llength $kids] != 1} {
+		appendshortlink $b [mc "Commit "] \
+		    [mc " has %s children - stopping\n" [llength $kids]]
+		break
+	    }
+	    set b [lindex $kids 0]
+	}
+    }
+    $ctext conf -state disabled
+}
+
+proc diffcommits {a b} {
+    global diffcontext diffids blobdifffd diffinhdr
+
+    set tmpdir [gitknewtmpdir]
+    set fna [file join $tmpdir "commit-[string range $a 0 7]"]
+    set fnb [file join $tmpdir "commit-[string range $b 0 7]"]
+    if {[catch {
+	exec git diff-tree -p --pretty $a >$fna
+	exec git diff-tree -p --pretty $b >$fnb
+    } err]} {
+	error_popup [mc "Error writing commit to file: %s" $err]
+	return
+    }
+    if {[catch {
+	set fd [open "| diff -U$diffcontext $fna $fnb" r]
+    } err]} {
+	error_popup [mc "Error diffing commits: %s" $err]
+	return
+    }
+    set diffids [list commits $a $b]
+    set blobdifffd($diffids) $fd
+    set diffinhdr 0
+    filerun $fd [list getblobdiffline $fd $diffids]
+}
+
 proc diffvssel {dirn} {
     global rowmenuid selectedline
 
@@ -7974,7 +8557,7 @@ proc diffvssel {dirn} {
 	set oldid $rowmenuid
 	set newid [commitonrow $selectedline]
     }
-    addtohistory [list doseldiff $oldid $newid]
+    addtohistory [list doseldiff $oldid $newid] savectextpos
     doseldiff $oldid $newid
 }
 
@@ -8002,7 +8585,7 @@ proc doseldiff {oldid newid} {
 }
 
 proc mkpatch {} {
-    global rowmenuid currentid commitinfo patchtop patchnum
+    global rowmenuid currentid commitinfo patchtop patchnum NS
 
     if {![info exists currentid]} return
     set oldid $currentid
@@ -8012,38 +8595,38 @@ proc mkpatch {} {
     set top .patch
     set patchtop $top
     catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
+    ttk_toplevel $top
     make_transient $top .
-    label $top.title -text [mc "Generate patch"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.title -text [mc "Generate patch"]
     grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.from -text [mc "From:"]
-    entry $top.fromsha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::label $top.from -text [mc "From:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.fromsha1 -width 40
     $top.fromsha1 insert 0 $oldid
     $top.fromsha1 conf -state readonly
     grid $top.from $top.fromsha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.fromhead -width 60 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::entry $top.fromhead -width 60
     $top.fromhead insert 0 $oldhead
     $top.fromhead conf -state readonly
     grid x $top.fromhead -sticky w
-    label $top.to -text [mc "To:"]
-    entry $top.tosha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::label $top.to -text [mc "To:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.tosha1 -width 40
     $top.tosha1 insert 0 $newid
     $top.tosha1 conf -state readonly
     grid $top.to $top.tosha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.tohead -width 60 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::entry $top.tohead -width 60
     $top.tohead insert 0 $newhead
     $top.tohead conf -state readonly
     grid x $top.tohead -sticky w
-    button $top.rev -text [mc "Reverse"] -command mkpatchrev -padx 5
-    grid $top.rev x -pady 10
-    label $top.flab -text [mc "Output file:"]
-    entry $top.fname -width 60
+    ${NS}::button $top.rev -text [mc "Reverse"] -command mkpatchrev
+    grid $top.rev x -pady 10 -padx 5
+    ${NS}::label $top.flab -text [mc "Output file:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.fname -width 60
     $top.fname insert 0 [file normalize "patch$patchnum.patch"]
     incr patchnum
     grid $top.flab $top.fname -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Generate"] -command mkpatchgo
-    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command mkpatchcan
+    ${NS}::frame $top.buts
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Generate"] -command mkpatchgo
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command mkpatchcan
     bind $top <Key-Return> mkpatchgo
     bind $top <Key-Escape> mkpatchcan
     grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
@@ -8094,30 +8677,30 @@ proc mkpatchcan {} {
 }
 
 proc mktag {} {
-    global rowmenuid mktagtop commitinfo
+    global rowmenuid mktagtop commitinfo NS
 
     set top .maketag
     set mktagtop $top
     catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
+    ttk_toplevel $top
     make_transient $top .
-    label $top.title -text [mc "Create tag"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.title -text [mc "Create tag"]
     grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
-    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.sha1 -width 40
     $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
     $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
     grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.head -width 60 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::entry $top.head -width 60
     $top.head insert 0 [lindex $commitinfo($rowmenuid) 0]
     $top.head conf -state readonly
     grid x $top.head -sticky w
-    label $top.tlab -text [mc "Tag name:"]
-    entry $top.tag -width 60
+    ${NS}::label $top.tlab -text [mc "Tag name:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.tag -width 60
     grid $top.tlab $top.tag -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Create"] -command mktaggo
-    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command mktagcan
+    ${NS}::frame $top.buts
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Create"] -command mktaggo
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command mktagcan
     bind $top <Key-Return> mktaggo
     bind $top <Key-Escape> mktagcan
     grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
@@ -8157,7 +8740,7 @@ proc domktag {} {
 }
 
 proc redrawtags {id} {
-    global canv linehtag idpos currentid curview cmitlisted
+    global canv linehtag idpos currentid curview cmitlisted markedid
     global canvxmax iddrawn circleitem mainheadid circlecolors
 
     if {![commitinview $id $curview]} return
@@ -8182,6 +8765,9 @@ proc redrawtags {id} {
     if {[info exists currentid] && $currentid == $id} {
 	make_secsel $id
     }
+    if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid eq $id} {
+	make_idmark $id
+    }
 }
 
 proc mktagcan {} {
@@ -8197,34 +8783,34 @@ proc mktaggo {} {
 }
 
 proc writecommit {} {
-    global rowmenuid wrcomtop commitinfo wrcomcmd
+    global rowmenuid wrcomtop commitinfo wrcomcmd NS
 
     set top .writecommit
     set wrcomtop $top
     catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
+    ttk_toplevel $top
     make_transient $top .
-    label $top.title -text [mc "Write commit to file"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.title -text [mc "Write commit to file"]
     grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
-    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.sha1 -width 40
     $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
     $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
     grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
-    entry $top.head -width 60 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::entry $top.head -width 60
     $top.head insert 0 [lindex $commitinfo($rowmenuid) 0]
     $top.head conf -state readonly
     grid x $top.head -sticky w
-    label $top.clab -text [mc "Command:"]
-    entry $top.cmd -width 60 -textvariable wrcomcmd
+    ${NS}::label $top.clab -text [mc "Command:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.cmd -width 60 -textvariable wrcomcmd
     grid $top.clab $top.cmd -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.flab -text [mc "Output file:"]
-    entry $top.fname -width 60
+    ${NS}::label $top.flab -text [mc "Output file:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.fname -width 60
     $top.fname insert 0 [file normalize "commit-[string range $rowmenuid 0 6]"]
     grid $top.flab $top.fname -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Write"] -command wrcomgo
-    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command wrcomcan
+    ${NS}::frame $top.buts
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.gen -text [mc "Write"] -command wrcomgo
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command wrcomcan
     bind $top <Key-Return> wrcomgo
     bind $top <Key-Escape> wrcomcan
     grid $top.buts.gen $top.buts.can
@@ -8255,25 +8841,25 @@ proc wrcomcan {} {
 }
 
 proc mkbranch {} {
-    global rowmenuid mkbrtop
+    global rowmenuid mkbrtop NS
 
     set top .makebranch
     catch {destroy $top}
-    toplevel $top
+    ttk_toplevel $top
     make_transient $top .
-    label $top.title -text [mc "Create new branch"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.title -text [mc "Create new branch"]
     grid $top.title - -pady 10
-    label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
-    entry $top.sha1 -width 40 -relief flat
+    ${NS}::label $top.id -text [mc "ID:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.sha1 -width 40
     $top.sha1 insert 0 $rowmenuid
     $top.sha1 conf -state readonly
     grid $top.id $top.sha1 -sticky w
-    label $top.nlab -text [mc "Name:"]
-    entry $top.name -width 40
+    ${NS}::label $top.nlab -text [mc "Name:"]
+    ${NS}::entry $top.name -width 40
     grid $top.nlab $top.name -sticky w
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.go -text [mc "Create"] -command [list mkbrgo $top]
-    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command "catch {destroy $top}"
+    ${NS}::frame $top.buts
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.go -text [mc "Create"] -command [list mkbrgo $top]
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command "catch {destroy $top}"
     bind $top <Key-Return> [list mkbrgo $top]
     bind $top <Key-Escape> "catch {destroy $top}"
     grid $top.buts.go $top.buts.can
@@ -8418,34 +9004,31 @@ proc cherrypick {} {
 }
 
 proc resethead {} {
-    global mainhead rowmenuid confirm_ok resettype
+    global mainhead rowmenuid confirm_ok resettype NS
 
     set confirm_ok 0
     set w ".confirmreset"
-    toplevel $w
+    ttk_toplevel $w
     make_transient $w .
     wm title $w [mc "Confirm reset"]
-    message $w.m -text \
-	[mc "Reset branch %s to %s?" $mainhead [string range $rowmenuid 0 7]] \
-	-justify center -aspect 1000
+    ${NS}::label $w.m -text \
+	[mc "Reset branch %s to %s?" $mainhead [string range $rowmenuid 0 7]]
     pack $w.m -side top -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    frame $w.f -relief sunken -border 2
-    message $w.f.rt -text [mc "Reset type:"] -aspect 1000
-    grid $w.f.rt -sticky w
+    ${NS}::labelframe $w.f -text [mc "Reset type:"]
     set resettype mixed
-    radiobutton $w.f.soft -value soft -variable resettype -justify left \
+    ${NS}::radiobutton $w.f.soft -value soft -variable resettype \
 	-text [mc "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"]
     grid $w.f.soft -sticky w
-    radiobutton $w.f.mixed -value mixed -variable resettype -justify left \
+    ${NS}::radiobutton $w.f.mixed -value mixed -variable resettype \
 	-text [mc "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"]
     grid $w.f.mixed -sticky w
-    radiobutton $w.f.hard -value hard -variable resettype -justify left \
+    ${NS}::radiobutton $w.f.hard -value hard -variable resettype \
 	-text [mc "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n(discard ALL local changes)"]
     grid $w.f.hard -sticky w
-    pack $w.f -side top -fill x
-    button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
+    pack $w.f -side top -fill x -padx 4
+    ${NS}::button $w.ok -text [mc OK] -command "set confirm_ok 1; destroy $w"
     pack $w.ok -side left -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
-    button $w.cancel -text [mc Cancel] -command "destroy $w"
+    ${NS}::button $w.cancel -text [mc Cancel] -command "destroy $w"
     bind $w <Key-Escape> [list destroy $w]
     pack $w.cancel -side right -fill x -padx 20 -pady 20
     bind $w <Visibility> "grab $w; focus $w"
@@ -8501,6 +9084,9 @@ proc headmenu {x y id head} {
     set headmenuid $id
     set headmenuhead $head
     set state normal
+    if {[string match "remotes/*" $head]} {
+	set state disabled
+    }
     if {$head eq $mainhead} {
 	set state disabled
     }
@@ -8593,7 +9179,7 @@ proc rmbranch {} {
 
 # Display a list of tags and heads
 proc showrefs {} {
-    global showrefstop bgcolor fgcolor selectbgcolor
+    global showrefstop bgcolor fgcolor selectbgcolor NS
     global bglist fglist reflistfilter reflist maincursor
 
     set top .showrefs
@@ -8603,7 +9189,7 @@ proc showrefs {} {
 	refill_reflist
 	return
     }
-    toplevel $top
+    ttk_toplevel $top
     wm title $top [mc "Tags and heads: %s" [file tail [pwd]]]
     make_transient $top .
     text $top.list -background $bgcolor -foreground $fgcolor \
@@ -8614,19 +9200,19 @@ proc showrefs {} {
     $top.list tag configure highlight -background $selectbgcolor
     lappend bglist $top.list
     lappend fglist $top.list
-    scrollbar $top.ysb -command "$top.list yview" -orient vertical
-    scrollbar $top.xsb -command "$top.list xview" -orient horizontal
+    ${NS}::scrollbar $top.ysb -command "$top.list yview" -orient vertical
+    ${NS}::scrollbar $top.xsb -command "$top.list xview" -orient horizontal
     grid $top.list $top.ysb -sticky nsew
     grid $top.xsb x -sticky ew
-    frame $top.f
-    label $top.f.l -text "[mc "Filter"]: "
-    entry $top.f.e -width 20 -textvariable reflistfilter
+    ${NS}::frame $top.f
+    ${NS}::label $top.f.l -text "[mc "Filter"]: "
+    ${NS}::entry $top.f.e -width 20 -textvariable reflistfilter
     set reflistfilter "*"
     trace add variable reflistfilter write reflistfilter_change
     pack $top.f.e -side right -fill x -expand 1
     pack $top.f.l -side left
     grid $top.f - -sticky ew -pady 2
-    button $top.close -command [list destroy $top] -text [mc "Close"]
+    ${NS}::button $top.close -command [list destroy $top] -text [mc "Close"]
     bind $top <Key-Escape> [list destroy $top]
     grid $top.close -
     grid columnconfigure $top 0 -weight 1
@@ -8824,7 +9410,7 @@ proc getallclines {fd} {
     global allparents allchildren idtags idheads nextarc
     global arcnos arcids arctags arcout arcend arcstart archeads growing
     global seeds allcommits cachedarcs allcupdate
-    
+
     set nid 0
     while {[incr nid] <= 1000 && [gets $fd line] >= 0} {
 	set id [lindex $line 0]
@@ -9886,7 +10472,7 @@ proc showtag {tag isnew} {
     global ctext tagcontents tagids linknum tagobjid
 
     if {$isnew} {
-	addtohistory [list showtag $tag 0]
+	addtohistory [list showtag $tag 0] savectextpos
     }
     $ctext conf -state normal
     clear_ctext
@@ -9903,6 +10489,7 @@ proc showtag {tag isnew} {
 	set text "[mc "Tag"]: $tag\n[mc "Id"]:  $tagids($tag)"
     }
     appendwithlinks $text {}
+    maybe_scroll_ctext 1
     $ctext conf -state disabled
     init_flist {}
 }
@@ -9921,19 +10508,20 @@ proc doquit {} {
 }
 
 proc mkfontdisp {font top which} {
-    global fontattr fontpref $font
+    global fontattr fontpref $font NS use_ttk
 
     set fontpref($font) [set $font]
-    button $top.${font}but -text $which -font optionfont \
+    ${NS}::button $top.${font}but -text $which \
 	-command [list choosefont $font $which]
-    label $top.$font -relief flat -font $font \
+    if {!$use_ttk} {$top.${font}but configure  -font optionfont}
+    ${NS}::label $top.$font -relief flat -font $font \
 	-text $fontattr($font,family) -justify left
     grid x $top.${font}but $top.$font -sticky w
 }
 
 proc choosefont {font which} {
     global fontparam fontlist fonttop fontattr
-    global prefstop
+    global prefstop NS
 
     set fontparam(which) $which
     set fontparam(font) $font
@@ -9946,21 +10534,21 @@ proc choosefont {font which} {
     if {![winfo exists $top]} {
 	font create sample
 	eval font config sample [font actual $font]
-	toplevel $top
+	ttk_toplevel $top
 	make_transient $top $prefstop
 	wm title $top [mc "Gitk font chooser"]
-	label $top.l -textvariable fontparam(which)
+	${NS}::label $top.l -textvariable fontparam(which)
 	pack $top.l -side top
 	set fontlist [lsort [font families]]
-	frame $top.f
+	${NS}::frame $top.f
 	listbox $top.f.fam -listvariable fontlist \
 	    -yscrollcommand [list $top.f.sb set]
 	bind $top.f.fam <<ListboxSelect>> selfontfam
-	scrollbar $top.f.sb -command [list $top.f.fam yview]
+	${NS}::scrollbar $top.f.sb -command [list $top.f.fam yview]
 	pack $top.f.sb -side right -fill y
 	pack $top.f.fam -side left -fill both -expand 1
 	pack $top.f -side top -fill both -expand 1
-	frame $top.g
+	${NS}::frame $top.g
 	spinbox $top.g.size -from 4 -to 40 -width 4 \
 	    -textvariable fontparam(size) \
 	    -validatecommand {string is integer -strict %s}
@@ -9978,9 +10566,9 @@ proc choosefont {font which} {
 	    -fill black -tags text
 	bind $top.c <Configure> [list centertext $top.c]
 	pack $top.c -side top -fill x
-	frame $top.buts
-	button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command fontok -default active
-	button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command fontcan -default normal
+	${NS}::frame $top.buts
+	${NS}::button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command fontok -default active
+	${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command fontcan -default normal
 	bind $top <Key-Return> fontok
 	bind $top <Key-Escape> fontcan
 	grid $top.buts.ok $top.buts.can
@@ -10016,7 +10604,7 @@ proc fontok {} {
     }
     set w $prefstop.$f
     $w conf -text $fontparam(family) -font $fontpref($f)
-	
+
     fontcan
 }
 
@@ -10031,6 +10619,28 @@ proc fontcan {} {
     }
 }
 
+if {[package vsatisfies [package provide Tk] 8.6]} {
+    # In Tk 8.6 we have a native font chooser dialog. Overwrite the above
+    # function to make use of it.
+    proc choosefont {font which} {
+	tk fontchooser configure -title $which -font $font \
+	    -command [list on_choosefont $font $which]
+	tk fontchooser show
+    }
+    proc on_choosefont {font which newfont} {
+	global fontparam
+	puts stderr "$font $newfont"
+	array set f [font actual $newfont]
+	set fontparam(which) $which
+	set fontparam(font) $font
+	set fontparam(family) $f(-family)
+	set fontparam(size) $f(-size)
+	set fontparam(weight) $f(-weight)
+	set fontparam(slant) $f(-slant)
+	fontok
+    }
+}
+
 proc selfontfam {} {
     global fonttop fontparam
 
@@ -10047,10 +10657,11 @@ proc chg_fontparam {v sub op} {
 }
 
 proc doprefs {} {
-    global maxwidth maxgraphpct
+    global maxwidth maxgraphpct use_ttk NS
     global oldprefs prefstop showneartags showlocalchanges
-    global bgcolor fgcolor ctext diffcolors selectbgcolor markbgcolor
+    global uicolor bgcolor fgcolor ctext diffcolors selectbgcolor markbgcolor
     global tabstop limitdiffs autoselect extdifftool perfile_attrs
+    global hideremotes want_ttk have_ttk
 
     set top .gitkprefs
     set prefstop $top
@@ -10059,123 +10670,138 @@ proc doprefs {} {
 	return
     }
     foreach v {maxwidth maxgraphpct showneartags showlocalchanges \
-		   limitdiffs tabstop perfile_attrs} {
+		   limitdiffs tabstop perfile_attrs hideremotes want_ttk} {
 	set oldprefs($v) [set $v]
     }
-    toplevel $top
+    ttk_toplevel $top
     wm title $top [mc "Gitk preferences"]
     make_transient $top .
-    label $top.ldisp -text [mc "Commit list display options"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.ldisp -text [mc "Commit list display options"]
     grid $top.ldisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.spacer -text " "
-    label $top.maxwidthl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (lines)"] \
-	-font optionfont
+    ${NS}::label $top.spacer -text " "
+    ${NS}::label $top.maxwidthl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (lines)"]
     spinbox $top.maxwidth -from 0 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxwidth
     grid $top.spacer $top.maxwidthl $top.maxwidth -sticky w
-    label $top.maxpctl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"] \
-	-font optionfont
+    ${NS}::label $top.maxpctl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"]
     spinbox $top.maxpct -from 1 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxgraphpct
     grid x $top.maxpctl $top.maxpct -sticky w
-    frame $top.showlocal
-    label $top.showlocal.l -text [mc "Show local changes"] -font optionfont
-    checkbutton $top.showlocal.b -variable showlocalchanges
-    pack $top.showlocal.b $top.showlocal.l -side left
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.showlocal -text [mc "Show local changes"] \
+	-variable showlocalchanges
     grid x $top.showlocal -sticky w
-    frame $top.autoselect
-    label $top.autoselect.l -text [mc "Auto-select SHA1"] -font optionfont
-    checkbutton $top.autoselect.b -variable autoselect
-    pack $top.autoselect.b $top.autoselect.l -side left
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.autoselect -text [mc "Auto-select SHA1"] \
+	-variable autoselect
     grid x $top.autoselect -sticky w
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.hideremotes -text [mc "Hide remote refs"] \
+	-variable hideremotes
+    grid x $top.hideremotes -sticky w
 
-    label $top.ddisp -text [mc "Diff display options"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.ddisp -text [mc "Diff display options"]
     grid $top.ddisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.tabstopl -text [mc "Tab spacing"] -font optionfont
+    ${NS}::label $top.tabstopl -text [mc "Tab spacing"]
     spinbox $top.tabstop -from 1 -to 20 -width 4 -textvariable tabstop
     grid x $top.tabstopl $top.tabstop -sticky w
-    frame $top.ntag
-    label $top.ntag.l -text [mc "Display nearby tags"] -font optionfont
-    checkbutton $top.ntag.b -variable showneartags
-    pack $top.ntag.b $top.ntag.l -side left
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.ntag -text [mc "Display nearby tags"] \
+	-variable showneartags
     grid x $top.ntag -sticky w
-    frame $top.ldiff
-    label $top.ldiff.l -text [mc "Limit diffs to listed paths"] -font optionfont
-    checkbutton $top.ldiff.b -variable limitdiffs
-    pack $top.ldiff.b $top.ldiff.l -side left
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.ldiff -text [mc "Limit diffs to listed paths"] \
+	-variable limitdiffs
     grid x $top.ldiff -sticky w
-    frame $top.lattr
-    label $top.lattr.l -text [mc "Support per-file encodings"] -font optionfont
-    checkbutton $top.lattr.b -variable perfile_attrs
-    pack $top.lattr.b $top.lattr.l -side left
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.lattr -text [mc "Support per-file encodings"] \
+	-variable perfile_attrs
     grid x $top.lattr -sticky w
 
-    entry $top.extdifft -textvariable extdifftool
-    frame $top.extdifff
-    label $top.extdifff.l -text [mc "External diff tool" ] -font optionfont \
-	-padx 10
-    button $top.extdifff.b -text [mc "Choose..."] -font optionfont \
-	-command choose_extdiff
+    ${NS}::entry $top.extdifft -textvariable extdifftool
+    ${NS}::frame $top.extdifff
+    ${NS}::label $top.extdifff.l -text [mc "External diff tool" ]
+    ${NS}::button $top.extdifff.b -text [mc "Choose..."] -command choose_extdiff
     pack $top.extdifff.l $top.extdifff.b -side left
-    grid x $top.extdifff $top.extdifft -sticky w
+    pack configure $top.extdifff.l -padx 10
+    grid x $top.extdifff $top.extdifft -sticky ew
+
+    ${NS}::label $top.lgen -text [mc "General options"]
+    grid $top.lgen - -sticky w -pady 10
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.want_ttk -variable want_ttk \
+	-text [mc "Use themed widgets"]
+    if {$have_ttk} {
+	${NS}::label $top.ttk_note -text [mc "(change requires restart)"]
+    } else {
+	${NS}::label $top.ttk_note -text [mc "(currently unavailable)"]
+    }
+    grid x $top.want_ttk $top.ttk_note -sticky w
 
-    label $top.cdisp -text [mc "Colors: press to choose"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.cdisp -text [mc "Colors: press to choose"]
     grid $top.cdisp - -sticky w -pady 10
+    label $top.ui -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $uicolor
+    ${NS}::button $top.uibut -text [mc "Interface"] \
+       -command [list choosecolor uicolor {} $top.ui [mc "interface"] setui]
+    grid x $top.uibut $top.ui -sticky w
     label $top.bg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $bgcolor
-    button $top.bgbut -text [mc "Background"] -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor bgcolor {} $top.bg background setbg]
+    ${NS}::button $top.bgbut -text [mc "Background"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor bgcolor {} $top.bg [mc "background"] setbg]
     grid x $top.bgbut $top.bg -sticky w
     label $top.fg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $fgcolor
-    button $top.fgbut -text [mc "Foreground"] -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor fgcolor {} $top.fg foreground setfg]
+    ${NS}::button $top.fgbut -text [mc "Foreground"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor fgcolor {} $top.fg [mc "foreground"] setfg]
     grid x $top.fgbut $top.fg -sticky w
     label $top.diffold -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 0]
-    button $top.diffoldbut -text [mc "Diff: old lines"] -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 0 $top.diffold "diff old lines" \
+    ${NS}::button $top.diffoldbut -text [mc "Diff: old lines"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 0 $top.diffold [mc "diff old lines"] \
 		      [list $ctext tag conf d0 -foreground]]
     grid x $top.diffoldbut $top.diffold -sticky w
     label $top.diffnew -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 1]
-    button $top.diffnewbut -text [mc "Diff: new lines"] -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 1 $top.diffnew "diff new lines" \
+    ${NS}::button $top.diffnewbut -text [mc "Diff: new lines"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 1 $top.diffnew [mc "diff new lines"] \
 		      [list $ctext tag conf dresult -foreground]]
     grid x $top.diffnewbut $top.diffnew -sticky w
     label $top.hunksep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 2]
-    button $top.hunksepbut -text [mc "Diff: hunk header"] -font optionfont \
+    ${NS}::button $top.hunksepbut -text [mc "Diff: hunk header"] \
 	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 2 $top.hunksep \
-		      "diff hunk header" \
+		      [mc "diff hunk header"] \
 		      [list $ctext tag conf hunksep -foreground]]
     grid x $top.hunksepbut $top.hunksep -sticky w
     label $top.markbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $markbgcolor
-    button $top.markbgbut -text [mc "Marked line bg"] -font optionfont \
+    ${NS}::button $top.markbgbut -text [mc "Marked line bg"] \
 	-command [list choosecolor markbgcolor {} $top.markbgsep \
 		      [mc "marked line background"] \
 		      [list $ctext tag conf omark -background]]
     grid x $top.markbgbut $top.markbgsep -sticky w
     label $top.selbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $selectbgcolor
-    button $top.selbgbut -text [mc "Select bg"] -font optionfont \
-	-command [list choosecolor selectbgcolor {} $top.selbgsep background setselbg]
+    ${NS}::button $top.selbgbut -text [mc "Select bg"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor selectbgcolor {} $top.selbgsep [mc "background"] setselbg]
     grid x $top.selbgbut $top.selbgsep -sticky w
 
-    label $top.cfont -text [mc "Fonts: press to choose"]
+    ${NS}::label $top.cfont -text [mc "Fonts: press to choose"]
     grid $top.cfont - -sticky w -pady 10
     mkfontdisp mainfont $top [mc "Main font"]
     mkfontdisp textfont $top [mc "Diff display font"]
     mkfontdisp uifont $top [mc "User interface font"]
 
-    frame $top.buts
-    button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command prefsok -default active
-    button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command prefscan -default normal
+    if {!$use_ttk} {
+	foreach w {maxpctl maxwidthl showlocal autoselect tabstopl ntag
+	    ldiff lattr extdifff.l extdifff.b bgbut fgbut
+	    diffoldbut diffnewbut hunksepbut markbgbut selbgbut
+	    want_ttk ttk_note} {
+	    $top.$w configure -font optionfont
+	}
+    }
+
+    ${NS}::frame $top.buts
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command prefsok -default active
+    ${NS}::button $top.buts.can -text [mc "Cancel"] -command prefscan -default normal
     bind $top <Key-Return> prefsok
     bind $top <Key-Escape> prefscan
     grid $top.buts.ok $top.buts.can
     grid columnconfigure $top.buts 0 -weight 1 -uniform a
     grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
     grid $top.buts - - -pady 10 -sticky ew
+    grid columnconfigure $top 2 -weight 1
     bind $top <Visibility> "focus $top.buts.ok"
 }
 
 proc choose_extdiff {} {
     global extdifftool
 
-    set prog [tk_getOpenFile -title "External diff tool" -multiple false]
+    set prog [tk_getOpenFile -title [mc "External diff tool"] -multiple false]
     if {$prog ne {}} {
 	set extdifftool $prog
     }
@@ -10202,6 +10828,20 @@ proc setselbg {c} {
     allcanvs itemconf secsel -fill $c
 }
 
+# This sets the background color and the color scheme for the whole UI.
+# For some reason, tk_setPalette chooses a nasty dark red for selectColor
+# if we don't specify one ourselves, which makes the checkbuttons and
+# radiobuttons look bad.  This chooses white for selectColor if the
+# background color is light, or black if it is dark.
+proc setui {c} {
+    set bg [winfo rgb . $c]
+    set selc black
+    if {[lindex $bg 0] + 1.5 * [lindex $bg 1] + 0.5 * [lindex $bg 2] > 100000} {
+	set selc white
+    }
+    tk_setPalette background $c selectColor $selc
+}
+
 proc setbg {c} {
     global bglist
 
@@ -10218,13 +10858,14 @@ proc setfg {c} {
     }
     allcanvs itemconf text -fill $c
     $canv itemconf circle -outline $c
+    $canv itemconf markid -outline $c
 }
 
 proc prefscan {} {
     global oldprefs prefstop
 
     foreach v {maxwidth maxgraphpct showneartags showlocalchanges \
-		   limitdiffs tabstop perfile_attrs} {
+		   limitdiffs tabstop perfile_attrs hideremotes want_ttk} {
 	global $v
 	set $v $oldprefs($v)
     }
@@ -10238,6 +10879,7 @@ proc prefsok {} {
     global oldprefs prefstop showneartags showlocalchanges
     global fontpref mainfont textfont uifont
     global limitdiffs treediffs perfile_attrs
+    global hideremotes
 
     catch {destroy $prefstop}
     unset prefstop
@@ -10283,6 +10925,9 @@ proc prefsok {} {
 	  $limitdiffs != $oldprefs(limitdiffs)} {
 	reselectline
     }
+    if {$hideremotes != $oldprefs(hideremotes)} {
+	rereadrefs
+    }
 }
 
 proc formatdate {d} {
@@ -10578,7 +11223,7 @@ proc gitattr {path attr default} {
     } else {
 	set r "unspecified"
 	if {![catch {set line [exec git check-attr $attr -- $path]}]} {
-	    regexp "(.*): encoding: (.*)" $line m f r
+	    regexp "(.*): $attr: (.*)" $line m f r
 	}
 	set path_attr_cache($attr,$path) $r
     }
@@ -10606,7 +11251,7 @@ proc cache_gitattr {attr pathlist} {
 	set newlist [lrange $newlist $lim end]
 	if {![catch {set rlist [eval exec git check-attr $attr -- $head]}]} {
 	    foreach row [split $rlist "\n"] {
-		if {[regexp "(.*): encoding: (.*)" $row m path value]} {
+		if {[regexp "(.*): $attr: (.*)" $row m path value]} {
 		    if {[string index $path 0] eq "\""} {
 			set path [encoding convertfrom [lindex $path 0]]
 		    }
@@ -10631,8 +11276,8 @@ proc get_path_encoding {path} {
 
 # First check that Tcl/Tk is recent enough
 if {[catch {package require Tk 8.4} err]} {
-    show_error {} . [mc "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n\
-		     Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."]
+    show_error {} . "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n\
+		     Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4." list
     exit 1
 }
 
@@ -10667,9 +11312,15 @@ catch {
     }
 }
 
-set mainfont {Helvetica 9}
-set textfont {Courier 9}
-set uifont {Helvetica 9 bold}
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
+    set mainfont {{Lucida Grande} 9}
+    set textfont {Monaco 9}
+    set uifont {{Lucida Grande} 9 bold}
+} else {
+    set mainfont {Helvetica 9}
+    set textfont {Courier 9}
+    set uifont {Helvetica 9 bold}
+}
 set tabstop 8
 set findmergefiles 0
 set maxgraphpct 50
@@ -10682,6 +11333,7 @@ set mingaplen 100
 set cmitmode "patch"
 set wrapcomment "none"
 set showneartags 1
+set hideremotes 0
 set maxrefs 20
 set maxlinelen 200
 set showlocalchanges 1
@@ -10689,16 +11341,29 @@ set limitdiffs 1
 set datetimeformat "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
 set autoselect 1
 set perfile_attrs 0
+set want_ttk 1
 
-set extdifftool "meld"
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
+    set extdifftool "opendiff"
+} else {
+    set extdifftool "meld"
+}
 
 set colors {green red blue magenta darkgrey brown orange}
-set bgcolor white
-set fgcolor black
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
+    set uicolor SystemButtonFace
+    set bgcolor SystemWindow
+    set fgcolor SystemButtonText
+    set selectbgcolor SystemHighlight
+} else {
+    set uicolor grey85
+    set bgcolor white
+    set fgcolor black
+    set selectbgcolor gray85
+}
 set diffcolors {red "#00a000" blue}
 set diffcontext 3
 set ignorespace 0
-set selectbgcolor gray85
 set markbgcolor "#e0e0ff"
 
 set circlecolors {white blue gray blue blue}
@@ -10744,6 +11409,8 @@ eval font create textfontbold [fontflags textfont 1]
 parsefont uifont $uifont
 eval font create uifont [fontflags uifont]
 
+setui $uicolor
+
 setoptions
 
 # check that we can find a .git directory somewhere...
@@ -10821,6 +11488,13 @@ set nullid2 "0000000000000000000000000000000000000001"
 set nullfile "/dev/null"
 
 set have_tk85 [expr {[package vcompare $tk_version "8.5"] >= 0}]
+if {![info exists have_ttk]} {
+    set have_ttk [llength [info commands ::ttk::style]]
+}
+set use_ttk [expr {$have_ttk && $want_ttk}]
+set NS [expr {$use_ttk ? "ttk" : ""}]
+
+set git_version [join [lrange [split [lindex [exec git version] end] .] 0 2] .]
 
 set runq {}
 set history {}
@@ -10861,9 +11535,33 @@ set lserial 0
 set isworktree [expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree] == "true"}]
 setcoords
 makewindow
+catch {
+    image create photo gitlogo      -width 16 -height 16
+
+    image create photo gitlogominus -width  4 -height  2
+    gitlogominus put #C00000 -to 0 0 4 2
+    gitlogo copy gitlogominus -to  1 5
+    gitlogo copy gitlogominus -to  6 5
+    gitlogo copy gitlogominus -to 11 5
+    image delete gitlogominus
+
+    image create photo gitlogoplus  -width  4 -height  4
+    gitlogoplus  put #008000 -to 1 0 3 4
+    gitlogoplus  put #008000 -to 0 1 4 3
+    gitlogo copy gitlogoplus  -to  1 9
+    gitlogo copy gitlogoplus  -to  6 9
+    gitlogo copy gitlogoplus  -to 11 9
+    image delete gitlogoplus
+
+    image create photo gitlogo32    -width 32 -height 32
+    gitlogo32 copy gitlogo -zoom 2 2
+
+    wm iconphoto . -default gitlogo gitlogo32
+}
 # wait for the window to become visible
 tkwait visibility .
 wm title . "[file tail $argv0]: [file tail [pwd]]"
+update
 readrefs
 
 if {$cmdline_files ne {} || $revtreeargs ne {} || $revtreeargscmd ne {}} {
@@ -10894,4 +11592,9 @@ if {[info exists permviews]} {
 	addviewmenu $n
     }
 }
+
+if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} {
+    focus -force .
+}
+
 getcommits {}
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/de.po b/gitk-git/po/de.po
index c86cc2df5..53ef0d635 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/de.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/de.po
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 # Translation of gitk to German.
 # Copyright (C) 2007 Paul Mackerras.
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
-# Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>, 2007
 #
+# Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>, 2007.
+# Frederik Schwarzer <schwarzerf@gmail.com>, 2008.
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-18 22:03+1100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-05-24 22:40+0200\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-05-12 21:55+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-05-12 22:18+0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>\n"
 "Language-Team: German\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
@@ -17,277 +18,314 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: gitk:113
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
-msgstr "Liste der nicht-zusammengeführten Dateien nicht gefunden:"
+msgstr "Liste der nicht zusammengeführten Dateien nicht gefunden:"
 
-#: gitk:340
+#: gitk:268
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Laden der Versionen:"
+
+#: gitk:323
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen des --argscmd-Kommandos:"
+
+#: gitk:336
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
-"Keine Dateien ausgewählt: --merge angegeben, es existieren aber keine nicht-"
-"zusammengeführten Dateien."
+"Keine Dateien ausgewählt: Es wurde --merge angegeben, aber es existieren "
+"keine nicht zusammengeführten Dateien."
 
-#: gitk:343
+#: gitk:339
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
 msgstr ""
-"Keine Dateien ausgewähle: --merge angegeben, aber keine nicht-"
-"zusammengeführten Dateien sind in der Dateiauswahl."
+"Keine Dateien ausgewählt: Es wurde --merge angegeben, aber es sind keine "
+"nicht zusammengeführten Dateien in der Dateiauswahl."
 
-#: gitk:365 gitk:503
+#: gitk:361 gitk:508
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von git-log:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von »git log«:"
 
-#: gitk:378
+#: gitk:379 gitk:524
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Lesen"
 
-#: gitk:438 gitk:3462
+#: gitk:439 gitk:4061
 msgid "Reading commits..."
-msgstr "Versionen lesen..."
+msgstr "Versionen werden gelesen ..."
 
-#: gitk:441 gitk:1528 gitk:3465
+#: gitk:442 gitk:1560 gitk:4064
 msgid "No commits selected"
-msgstr "Keine Versionen ausgewählt."
+msgstr "Keine Versionen ausgewählt"
 
-#: gitk:1399
+#: gitk:1436
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
-msgstr "Ausgabe von git-log kann nicht erkannt werden:"
+msgstr "Ausgabe von »git log« kann nicht erkannt werden:"
 
-#: gitk:1605
+#: gitk:1656
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Keine Versionsinformation verfügbar"
 
-#: gitk:1709 gitk:1731 gitk:3259 gitk:7764 gitk:9293 gitk:9466
+#: gitk:1791 gitk:1815 gitk:3854 gitk:8714 gitk:10250 gitk:10422
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "Ok"
 
-#: gitk:1733 gitk:3260 gitk:7439 gitk:7510 gitk:7613 gitk:7660 gitk:7766
-#: gitk:9294 gitk:9467
+#: gitk:1817 gitk:3856 gitk:8311 gitk:8385 gitk:8495 gitk:8544 gitk:8716
+#: gitk:10251 gitk:10423
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Abbrechen"
 
-#: gitk:1811
+#: gitk:1917
 msgid "Update"
 msgstr "Aktualisieren"
 
-#: gitk:1812
+#: gitk:1918
 msgid "Reload"
 msgstr "Neu laden"
 
-#: gitk:1813
+#: gitk:1919
 msgid "Reread references"
 msgstr "Zweige neu laden"
 
-#: gitk:1814
+#: gitk:1920
 msgid "List references"
 msgstr "Zweige/Markierungen auflisten"
 
-#: gitk:1815
+#: gitk:1922
+msgid "Start git gui"
+msgstr "»git gui« starten"
+
+#: gitk:1924
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Beenden"
 
-#: gitk:1810
+#: gitk:1916
 msgid "File"
 msgstr "Datei"
 
-#: gitk:1818
+#: gitk:1928
 msgid "Preferences"
 msgstr "Einstellungen"
 
-#: gitk:1817
+#: gitk:1927
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Bearbeiten"
 
-#: gitk:1821
+#: gitk:1932
 msgid "New view..."
-msgstr "Neue Ansicht..."
+msgstr "Neue Ansicht ..."
 
-#: gitk:1822
+#: gitk:1933
 msgid "Edit view..."
-msgstr "Ansicht bearbeiten..."
+msgstr "Ansicht bearbeiten ..."
 
-#: gitk:1823
+#: gitk:1934
 msgid "Delete view"
-msgstr "Ansicht löschen"
+msgstr "Ansicht entfernen"
 
-#: gitk:1825
+#: gitk:1936
 msgid "All files"
 msgstr "Alle Dateien"
 
-#: gitk:1820 gitk:3196
+#: gitk:1931 gitk:3666
 msgid "View"
 msgstr "Ansicht"
 
-#: gitk:1828 gitk:2487
+#: gitk:1941 gitk:1951 gitk:2650
 msgid "About gitk"
 msgstr "Ãœber gitk"
 
-#: gitk:1829
+#: gitk:1942 gitk:1956
 msgid "Key bindings"
 msgstr "Tastenkürzel"
 
-#: gitk:1827
+#: gitk:1940 gitk:1955
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Hilfe"
 
-#: gitk:1887
+#: gitk:2016
 msgid "SHA1 ID: "
 msgstr "SHA1:"
 
-#: gitk:1918
+#: gitk:2047
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Zeile"
 
-#: gitk:1949
+#: gitk:2078
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Suche"
 
-#: gitk:1950
+#: gitk:2079
 msgid "next"
 msgstr "nächste"
 
-#: gitk:1951
+#: gitk:2080
 msgid "prev"
 msgstr "vorige"
 
-#: gitk:1952
+#: gitk:2081
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "Version nach"
 
-#: gitk:1955 gitk:1957 gitk:3617 gitk:3640 gitk:3664 gitk:5550 gitk:5621
+#: gitk:2084 gitk:2086 gitk:4222 gitk:4245 gitk:4269 gitk:6210 gitk:6282
+#: gitk:6366
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "Beschreibung:"
 
-#: gitk:1958 gitk:2954 gitk:2959 gitk:3692
+#: gitk:2087 gitk:3158 gitk:3163 gitk:4297
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "Dateien:"
 
-#: gitk:1959 gitk:3697
+#: gitk:2088 gitk:4302
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "Änderungen:"
 
-#: gitk:1968 gitk:1970
+#: gitk:2097 gitk:2099
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exakt"
 
-#: gitk:1970 gitk:3773 gitk:5518
+#: gitk:2099 gitk:4377 gitk:6178
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "Kein Groß/Klein"
 
-#: gitk:1970 gitk:3666 gitk:3771 gitk:5514
+#: gitk:2099 gitk:4271 gitk:4375 gitk:6174
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Regexp"
 
-#: gitk:1972 gitk:1973 gitk:3792 gitk:3822 gitk:3829 gitk:5641 gitk:5708
+#: gitk:2101 gitk:2102 gitk:4396 gitk:4426 gitk:4433 gitk:6302 gitk:6370
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Alle Felder"
 
-#: gitk:1973 gitk:3790 gitk:3822 gitk:5580
+#: gitk:2102 gitk:4394 gitk:4426 gitk:6241
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Ãœberschrift"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:5708 gitk:6109
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:4394 gitk:6241 gitk:6370 gitk:6804
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Beschreibung"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:3794 gitk:3829 gitk:5580 gitk:6045 gitk:7285
-#: gitk:7300
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:4394 gitk:4398 gitk:4433 gitk:6241 gitk:6739 gitk:7991
+#: gitk:8006
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Autor"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:6047
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:4394 gitk:6241 gitk:6741
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Eintragender"
 
-#: gitk:2003
+#: gitk:2132
 msgid "Search"
-msgstr "Suche"
+msgstr "Suchen"
 
-#: gitk:2010
+#: gitk:2139
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:2012
+#: gitk:2141
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Alte Version"
 
-#: gitk:2014
+#: gitk:2143
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Neue Version"
 
-#: gitk:2016
+#: gitk:2145
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Kontextzeilen"
 
-#: gitk:2026
+#: gitk:2155
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Leerzeichenänderungen ignorieren"
 
-#: gitk:2084
+#: gitk:2213
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2086
+#: gitk:2215
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Baum"
 
-#: gitk:2213 gitk:2226
+#: gitk:2359 gitk:2376
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
-msgstr "Vergleich diese -> gewählte"
+msgstr "Vergleich: diese -> gewählte"
 
-#: gitk:2214 gitk:2227
+#: gitk:2360 gitk:2377
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
-msgstr "Vergleich gewählte -> diese"
+msgstr "Vergleich: gewählte -> diese"
 
-#: gitk:2215 gitk:2228
+#: gitk:2361 gitk:2378
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Patch erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2216 gitk:7494
+#: gitk:2362 gitk:8369
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Markierung erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2217 gitk:7593
+#: gitk:2363 gitk:8475
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Version in Datei schreiben"
 
-#: gitk:2218 gitk:7647
+#: gitk:2364 gitk:8532
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Neuen Zweig erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2219
+#: gitk:2365
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Diese Version pflücken"
 
-#: gitk:2220
+#: gitk:2366
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "HEAD-Zweig auf diese Version zurücksetzen"
 
-#: gitk:2234
+#: gitk:2367
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Lesezeichen setzen"
+
+#: gitk:2368
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "Zum Lesezeichen"
+
+#: gitk:2369
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "Abkömmling von Lesezeichen und dieser Version finden"
+
+#: gitk:2370
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "Mit Lesezeichen vergleichen"
+
+#: gitk:2384
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Auf diesen Zweig umstellen"
 
-#: gitk:2235
+#: gitk:2385
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Zweig löschen"
 
-#: gitk:2242
+#: gitk:2392
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Diesen auch hervorheben"
 
-#: gitk:2243
+#: gitk:2393
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Nur diesen hervorheben"
 
-#: gitk:2244
+#: gitk:2394
 msgid "External diff"
-msgstr "Externer Vergleich"
+msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm"
 
-#: gitk:2245
+#: gitk:2395
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Annotieren der Elternversion"
+
+#: gitk:2402
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Herkunft dieser Zeile anzeigen"
 
-#: gitk:2488
+#: gitk:2403
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Diese Zeile annotieren (»git gui blame«)"
+
+#: gitk:2652
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
@@ -297,435 +335,598 @@ msgid ""
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
-"Gitk - eine Visualisierung der Git Historie\n"
+"Gitk - eine Visualisierung der Git-Historie\n"
 "\n"
 "Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Benutzung und Weiterverbreitung gemäß den Bedingungen der GNU General Public "
 "License"
 
-#: gitk:2496 gitk:2557 gitk:7943
+#: gitk:2660 gitk:2722 gitk:8897
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Schließen"
 
-#: gitk:2515
+#: gitk:2679
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
-msgstr "Gitk Tastaturbelegung"
+msgstr "Gitk-Tastaturbelegung"
 
-#: gitk:2517
+#: gitk:2682
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
-msgstr "Gitk Tastaturbelegung:"
+msgstr "Gitk-Tastaturbelegung:"
 
-#: gitk:2519
+#: gitk:2684
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tBeenden"
 
-#: gitk:2520
+#: gitk:2685
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Pos1>\t\tZur neuesten Version springen"
 
-#: gitk:2521
+#: gitk:2686
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<Ende>\t\tZur ältesten Version springen"
 
-#: gitk:2522
+#: gitk:2687
 msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Hoch>, p, i\tNächste neuere Version"
 
-#: gitk:2523
+#: gitk:2688
 msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Runter>, n, k\tNächste ältere Version"
 
-#: gitk:2524
+#: gitk:2689
 msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Links>, z, j\tEine Version zurückgehen"
 
-#: gitk:2525
+#: gitk:2690
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Rechts>, x, l\tEine Version weitergehen"
 
-#: gitk:2526
+#: gitk:2691
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<BildHoch>\tEine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2527
+#: gitk:2692
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<BildRunter>\tEine Seite nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2528
+#: gitk:2693
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Pos1>\tZum oberen Ende der Versionsliste blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2529
+#: gitk:2694
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Ende>\tZum unteren Ende der Versionsliste blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2530
+#: gitk:2695
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Hoch>\tVersionsliste eine Zeile nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2531
+#: gitk:2696
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Runter>\tVersionsliste eine Zeile nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2532
+#: gitk:2697
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
-msgstr "<%s-BildHoch>\tVersionsliste eine Seite hoch blättern"
+msgstr "<%s-BildHoch>\tVersionsliste eine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2533
+#: gitk:2698
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-BildRunter>\tVersionsliste eine Seite nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2534
+#: gitk:2699
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Umschalt-Hoch>\tRückwärts suchen (nach oben; neuere Versionen)"
 
-#: gitk:2535
+#: gitk:2700
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Umschalt-Runter> Suchen (nach unten; ältere Versionen)"
 
-#: gitk:2536
+#: gitk:2701
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Entf>, b\t\tVergleich eine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2537
+#: gitk:2702
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Löschtaste>\tVergleich eine Seite nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2538
+#: gitk:2703
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Leertaste>\tVergleich eine Seite nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2539
+#: gitk:2704
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
-msgstr "u\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach oben (»up«) blättern"
+msgstr "u\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach oben blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2540
+#: gitk:2705
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
-msgstr "d\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach unten (»down«) blättern"
+msgstr "d\t\tVergleich um 18 Zeilen nach unten blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2541
+#: gitk:2706
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2542
+#: gitk:2707
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tWeitersuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2543
+#: gitk:2708
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Eingabetaste>\tWeitersuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2544
-msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
-msgstr "/\t\tWeitersuchen oder neue Suche beginnen"
+#: gitk:2709
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tTastaturfokus ins Suchfeld"
 
-#: gitk:2545
+#: gitk:2710
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tRückwärts weitersuchen"
 
-#: gitk:2546
+#: gitk:2711
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
-msgstr "f\t\tVergleich zur nächsten Datei (»file«) blättern"
+msgstr "f\t\tVergleich zur nächsten Datei blättern"
 
-#: gitk:2547
+#: gitk:2712
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tWeitersuchen im Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:2548
+#: gitk:2713
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tRückwärts weitersuchen im Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:2549
+#: gitk:2714
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
-msgstr "<%s-Nummerblock-Plus>\tSchriftgröße vergrößern"
+msgstr "<%s-Nummerblock-Plus>\tSchrift vergrößern"
 
-#: gitk:2550
+#: gitk:2715
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
-msgstr "<%s-Plus>\tSchriftgröße vergrößern"
+msgstr "<%s-Plus>\tSchrift vergrößern"
 
-#: gitk:2551
+#: gitk:2716
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
-msgstr "<%s-Nummernblock-> Schriftgröße verkleinern"
+msgstr "<%s-Nummernblock-Minus> Schrift verkleinern"
 
-#: gitk:2552
+#: gitk:2717
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
-msgstr "<%s-Minus>\tSchriftgröße verkleinern"
+msgstr "<%s-Minus>\tSchrift verkleinern"
 
-#: gitk:2553
+#: gitk:2718
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tAktualisieren"
 
-#: gitk:3200
-msgid "Gitk view definition"
-msgstr "Gitk Ansichten"
+#: gitk:3173
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Holen von »%s« von »%s«:"
 
-#: gitk:3225
-msgid "Name"
-msgstr "Name"
+#: gitk:3230 gitk:3239
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen des temporären Verzeichnisses »%s«:"
+
+#: gitk:3251
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "Kommando fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: gitk:3397
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Version nicht gefunden"
 
-#: gitk:3228
+#: gitk:3411
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: Kommando fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: gitk:3442
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungs-Spitze konnte nicht gelesen werden: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3450
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Bereitstellung (»index«): %s"
+
+#: gitk:3475
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "»git blame« konnte nicht gestartet werden: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3478 gitk:6209
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Suchen"
+
+#: gitk:3510
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von »git blame«: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3538
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr ""
+"Diese Zeile stammt aus Version %s, die nicht in dieser Ansicht gezeigt wird"
+
+#: gitk:3552
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm fehlgeschlagen:"
+
+#: gitk:3670
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Gitk-Ansichten"
+
+#: gitk:3674
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Diese Ansicht speichern"
 
-#: gitk:3232
+#: gitk:3675
 msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
-msgstr "Versionen anzeigen (Argumente von git-log):"
+msgstr "Versionen anzeigen (Argumente von git log):"
+
+#: gitk:3676
+msgid "Use all refs"
+msgstr "Alle Zweige verwenden"
+
+#: gitk:3677
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Streng nach Datum sortieren"
+
+#: gitk:3678
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Zweig-Seiten markieren"
+
+#: gitk:3679
+msgid "Since date:"
+msgstr "Von Datum:"
 
-#: gitk:3239
+#: gitk:3680
+msgid "Until date:"
+msgstr "Bis Datum:"
+
+#: gitk:3681
+msgid "Max count:"
+msgstr "Max. Anzahl:"
+
+#: gitk:3682
+msgid "Skip:"
+msgstr "Ãœberspringen:"
+
+#: gitk:3683
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Auf erste Elternversion beschränken"
+
+#: gitk:3684
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Versionsliste durch folgendes Kommando erzeugen lassen:"
 
-#: gitk:3246
+#: gitk:3780
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: Ansicht bearbeiten"
+
+#: gitk:3793
+msgid "Name"
+msgstr "Name"
+
+#: gitk:3841
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Folgende Dateien und Verzeichnisse anzeigen (eine pro Zeile):"
 
-#: gitk:3293
+#: gitk:3855
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Anwenden (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:3893
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Fehler in den ausgewählten Versionen:"
 
-#: gitk:3347 gitk:3399 gitk:3842 gitk:3856 gitk:5060 gitk:10141 gitk:10142
+#: gitk:3946 gitk:3998 gitk:4446 gitk:4460 gitk:5721 gitk:11114 gitk:11115
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Keine"
 
-#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:7287 gitk:7302
+#: gitk:4394 gitk:6241 gitk:7993 gitk:8008
 msgid "Date"
 msgstr "Datum"
 
-#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580
+#: gitk:4394 gitk:6241
 msgid "CDate"
 msgstr "Eintragedatum"
 
-#: gitk:3939 gitk:3944
+#: gitk:4543 gitk:4548
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Abkömmling"
 
-#: gitk:3940
+#: gitk:4544
 msgid "Not descendant"
-msgstr "Nicht Abkömmling"
+msgstr "Kein Abkömmling"
 
-#: gitk:3947 gitk:3952
+#: gitk:4551 gitk:4556
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Vorgänger"
 
-#: gitk:3948
+#: gitk:4552
 msgid "Not ancestor"
-msgstr "Nicht Vorgänger"
+msgstr "Kein Vorgänger"
 
-#: gitk:4187
+#: gitk:4842
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Lokale Änderungen bereitgestellt, aber nicht eingetragen"
 
-#: gitk:4220
+#: gitk:4878
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokale Änderungen, nicht bereitgestellt"
 
-#: gitk:5549
-msgid "Searching"
-msgstr "Suchen"
+#: gitk:6559
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "viele"
 
-#: gitk:6049
+#: gitk:6743
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Markierungen:"
 
-#: gitk:6066 gitk:6072 gitk:7280
+#: gitk:6760 gitk:6766 gitk:7986
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Eltern"
 
-#: gitk:6077
+#: gitk:6771
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Kind"
 
-#: gitk:6086
+#: gitk:6780
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Zweig"
 
-#: gitk:6089
+#: gitk:6783
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Folgt auf"
 
-#: gitk:6092
+#: gitk:6786
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Vorgänger von"
 
-#: gitk:6378
-msgid "Error getting merge diffs:"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Laden des Vergleichs:"
+#: gitk:7279
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Laden des Vergleichs: %s"
 
-#: gitk:7113
+#: gitk:7819
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Gehe zu:"
 
-#: gitk:7115
+#: gitk:7821
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert:"
 
-#: gitk:7134
+#: gitk:7840
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Kurzer SHA1-Hashwert »%s« ist mehrdeutig"
 
-#: gitk:7146
+#: gitk:7852
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
-msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert »%s« unbekannt"
+msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert »%s« ist unbekannt"
 
-#: gitk:7148
+#: gitk:7854
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
 msgstr "Markierung/Zweig »%s« ist unbekannt"
 
-#: gitk:7290
+#: gitk:7996
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Kinder"
 
-#: gitk:7347
+#: gitk:8053
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Zweig »%s« hierher zurücksetzen"
 
-#: gitk:7349
+#: gitk:8055
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Zweigspitze ist abgetrennt: Zurücksetzen nicht möglich"
 
-#: gitk:7381
+#: gitk:8164 gitk:8170
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "Überspringe Zusammenführungs-Version "
+
+#: gitk:8179 gitk:8184
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "Fehler beim Holen der Patch-ID für "
+
+#: gitk:8180 gitk:8185
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr " - Abbruch.\n"
+
+#: gitk:8190 gitk:8193 gitk:8201 gitk:8211 gitk:8220
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "Version "
+
+#: gitk:8194
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" ist das gleiche Patch wie\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8202
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" ist unterschiedlich von\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8204
+msgid "- stopping\n"
+msgstr "- Abbruch.\n"
+
+#: gitk:8212 gitk:8221
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr " hat %s Kinder. Abbruch\n"
+
+#: gitk:8252
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Oben"
 
-#: gitk:7382
+#: gitk:8253
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Von"
 
-#: gitk:7387
+#: gitk:8258
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "bis"
 
-#: gitk:7410
+#: gitk:8282
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Patch erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:7412
+#: gitk:8284
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Von:"
 
-#: gitk:7421
+#: gitk:8293
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "bis:"
 
-#: gitk:7430
+#: gitk:8302
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Umgekehrt"
 
-#: gitk:7432 gitk:7607
+#: gitk:8304 gitk:8489
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Ausgabedatei:"
 
-#: gitk:7438
+#: gitk:8310
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Erzeugen"
 
-#: gitk:7474
+#: gitk:8348
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
-msgstr "Fehler beim Patch erzeugen:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen des Patches:"
 
-#: gitk:7496 gitk:7595 gitk:7649
+#: gitk:8371 gitk:8477 gitk:8534
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "ID:"
 
-#: gitk:7505
+#: gitk:8380
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Markierungsname:"
 
-#: gitk:7509 gitk:7659
+#: gitk:8384 gitk:8543
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Erstellen"
 
-#: gitk:7524
+#: gitk:8401
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Kein Markierungsname angegeben"
 
-#: gitk:7528
+#: gitk:8405
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Markierung »%s« existiert bereits."
 
-#: gitk:7534
+#: gitk:8411
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
-msgstr "Fehler bei Markierung erstellen:"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der Markierung:"
 
-#: gitk:7604
+#: gitk:8486
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:7612
+#: gitk:8494
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Schreiben"
 
-#: gitk:7628
+#: gitk:8512
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben der Version:"
 
-#: gitk:7654
+#: gitk:8539
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Name:"
 
-#: gitk:7674
+#: gitk:8562
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Namen für den neuen Zweig an."
 
-#: gitk:7703
+#: gitk:8567
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "Zweig »%s« existiert bereits. Soll er überschrieben werden?"
+
+#: gitk:8633
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
-"Version »%s« ist bereits im Zweig »%s« enthalten -- trotzdem erneut eintragen?"
+"Version »%s« ist bereits im Zweig »%s« enthalten -- trotzdem erneut "
+"eintragen?"
 
-#: gitk:7708
+#: gitk:8638
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Version pflücken"
 
-#: gitk:7720
+#: gitk:8647
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Pflücken fehlgeschlagen, da noch lokale Änderungen in Datei »%s«\n"
+"vorliegen. Bitte diese Änderungen eintragen, zurücksetzen oder\n"
+"zwischenspeichern (»git stash«) und dann erneut versuchen."
+
+#: gitk:8653
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Pflücken fehlgeschlagen, da ein Zusammenführungs-Konflikt aufgetreten\n"
+"ist. Soll das Zusammenführungs-Werkzeug (»git citool«) aufgerufen\n"
+"werden, um diesen Konflikt aufzulösen?"
+
+#: gitk:8669
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Keine Änderungen eingetragen"
 
-#: gitk:7745
+#: gitk:8695
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Zurücksetzen bestätigen"
 
-#: gitk:7747
+#: gitk:8697
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Zweig »%s« auf »%s« zurücksetzen?"
 
-#: gitk:7751
+#: gitk:8701
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Art des Zurücksetzens:"
 
-#: gitk:7755
+#: gitk:8705
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Harmlos: Arbeitskopie und Bereitstellung unverändert"
 
-#: gitk:7758
+#: gitk:8708
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr ""
 "Gemischt: Arbeitskopie unverändert,\n"
 "Bereitstellung zurückgesetzt"
 
-#: gitk:7761
+#: gitk:8711
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -733,21 +934,21 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hart: Arbeitskopie und Bereitstellung\n"
 "(Alle lokalen Änderungen werden gelöscht)"
 
-#: gitk:7777
+#: gitk:8728
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Zurücksetzen"
 
-#: gitk:7834
+#: gitk:8785
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Umstellen"
 
-#: gitk:7885
+#: gitk:8838
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr ""
 "Der Zweig, auf den die Arbeitskopie momentan umgestellt ist, kann nicht "
 "gelöscht werden."
 
-#: gitk:7891
+#: gitk:8844
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -756,146 +957,174 @@ msgstr ""
 "Die Versionen auf Zweig »%s« existieren auf keinem anderen Zweig.\n"
 "Zweig »%s« trotzdem löschen?"
 
-#: gitk:7922
+#: gitk:8875
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Markierungen und Zweige: %s"
 
-#: gitk:7936
+#: gitk:8890
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filtern"
 
-#: gitk:8230
+#: gitk:9185
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
 msgstr ""
-"Fehler beim Lesen der Strukturinformationen; Zweige und Vorgänger/Nachfolger "
-"Informationen werden unvollständig sein."
+"Fehler beim Lesen der Strukturinformationen; Zweige und Informationen zu "
+"Vorgänger/Nachfolger werden unvollständig sein."
 
-#: gitk:9216
+#: gitk:10171
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Markierung"
 
-#: gitk:9216
+#: gitk:10171
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:9262
+#: gitk:10219
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
-msgstr "Gitk Schriften wählen"
+msgstr "Gitk-Schriften wählen"
 
-#: gitk:9279
+#: gitk:10236
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:9282
+#: gitk:10239
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:9375
+#: gitk:10334
 msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Gitk Einstellungen"
+msgstr "Gitk-Einstellungen"
 
-#: gitk:9376
+#: gitk:10336
 msgid "Commit list display options"
-msgstr "Anzeige Versionsliste"
+msgstr "Anzeige der Versionsliste"
 
-#: gitk:9379
+#: gitk:10339
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximale Graphenbreite (Zeilen)"
 
-#: gitk:9383
+#: gitk:10343
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximale Graphenbreite (% des Fensters)"
 
-#: gitk:9388
+#: gitk:10347
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Lokale Änderungen anzeigen"
 
-#: gitk:9393
+#: gitk:10350
 msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
-msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert automatisch markieren"
+msgstr "SHA1-Hashwert automatisch auswählen"
 
-#: gitk:9398
+#: gitk:10354
 msgid "Diff display options"
-msgstr "Anzeige Vergleich"
+msgstr "Anzeige des Vergleichs"
 
-#: gitk:9400
+#: gitk:10356
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Tabulatorbreite"
 
-#: gitk:9404
+#: gitk:10359
 msgid "Display nearby tags"
-msgstr "Naheliegende Ãœberschriften anzeigen"
+msgstr "Naheliegende Markierungen anzeigen"
 
-#: gitk:9409
+#: gitk:10362
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Vergleich nur für angezeigte Pfade"
 
-#: gitk:9414
+#: gitk:10365
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Zeichenkodierung pro Datei ermitteln"
 
-#: gitk:9421
+#: gitk:10371 gitk:10436
 msgid "External diff tool"
-msgstr "Externes Vergleich-(Diff-)Programm"
+msgstr "Externes Diff-Programm"
 
-#: gitk:9423
+#: gitk:10373
 msgid "Choose..."
-msgstr "Wählen..."
+msgstr "Wählen ..."
 
-#: gitk:9428
+#: gitk:10378
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Farben: Klicken zum Wählen"
 
-#: gitk:9431
+#: gitk:10381
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Hintergrund"
 
-#: gitk:9435
+#: gitk:10382 gitk:10412
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "Hintergrund"
+
+#: gitk:10385
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Vordergrund"
 
-#: gitk:9439
+#: gitk:10386
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "Vordergrund"
+
+#: gitk:10389
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Vergleich: Alte Zeilen"
 
-#: gitk:9444
+#: gitk:10390
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "Vergleich - Alte Zeilen"
+
+#: gitk:10394
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Vergleich: Neue Zeilen"
 
-#: gitk:9449
+#: gitk:10395
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "Vergleich - Neue Zeilen"
+
+#: gitk:10399
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Vergleich: Änderungstitel"
 
-#: gitk:9455
+#: gitk:10401
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "Vergleich - Änderungstitel"
+
+#: gitk:10405
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "Hintergrund für markierte Zeile"
+
+#: gitk:10407
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "Hintergrund für markierte Zeile"
+
+#: gitk:10411
 msgid "Select bg"
-msgstr "Hintergrundfarbe Auswählen"
+msgstr "Hintergrundfarbe auswählen"
 
-#: gitk:9459
+#: gitk:10415
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Schriftart: Klicken zum Wählen"
 
-#: gitk:9461
+#: gitk:10417
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Programmschriftart"
 
-#: gitk:9462
+#: gitk:10418
 msgid "Diff display font"
-msgstr "Vergleich"
+msgstr "Schriftart für Vergleich"
 
-#: gitk:9463
+#: gitk:10419
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Beschriftungen"
 
-#: gitk:9488
+#: gitk:10446
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: Farbe wählen für %s"
 
-#: gitk:9934
+#: gitk:10893
 msgid ""
 "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
 " Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
@@ -903,24 +1132,24 @@ msgstr ""
 "Gitk läuft nicht mit dieser Version von Tcl/Tk.\n"
 "Gitk benötigt mindestens Tcl/Tk 8.4."
 
-#: gitk:10047
+#: gitk:11020
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Kein Git-Projektarchiv gefunden."
 
-#: gitk:10051
+#: gitk:11024
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
 msgstr "Git-Verzeichnis »%s« wurde nicht gefunden."
 
-#: gitk:10098
+#: gitk:11071
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Mehrdeutige Angabe »%s«: Sowohl Version als auch Dateiname existiert."
 
-#: gitk:10110
+#: gitk:11083
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Falsche Kommandozeilen-Parameter für gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:10170
+#: gitk:11167
 msgid "Command line"
 msgstr "Kommandozeile"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/ja.po b/gitk-git/po/ja.po
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c0c92addb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/ja.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1255 @@
+# Japanese translations for gitk package.
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Paul Mackerras
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
+#
+# Mizar <mizar.jp@gmail.com>, 2009.
+# Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, 2009.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-11-04 00:08+0900\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-11-06 01:45+0900\n"
+"Last-Translator: Mizar <mizar.jp@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Japanese\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+
+#: gitk:113
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr "マージ�れ����ファイル�リストを�得����ん:"
+
+#: gitk:269
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "リビジョン解�エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:324
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "--argscmd コマンド実行エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:337
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"ファイル未�択: --merge �指定�れ�����マージ�れ����ファイル��り"
+"��ん。"
+
+#: gitk:340
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"ファイル未�択: --merge �指定�れ�����ファイル制�内�マージ�れ���"
+"�ファイル��り��ん。"
+
+#: gitk:362 gitk:509
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "git log 実行エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:380 gitk:525
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "読�込�中"
+
+#: gitk:440 gitk:4132
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "コミット読�込�中..."
+
+#: gitk:443 gitk:1561 gitk:4135
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "コミット��択�れ����ん"
+
+#: gitk:1437
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "git log �出力を解�����ん:"
+
+#: gitk:1657
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "有効�コミット�情報��り��ん"
+
+#: gitk:1790
+msgid "mc"
+msgstr "mc"
+
+#: gitk:1817 gitk:3925 gitk:8842 gitk:10378 gitk:10558
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "OK"
+
+#: gitk:1819 gitk:3927 gitk:8439 gitk:8513 gitk:8623 gitk:8672 gitk:8844
+#: gitk:10379 gitk:10559
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "キャンセル"
+
+#: gitk:1919
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "æ›´æ–°"
+
+#: gitk:1920
+msgid "Reload"
+msgstr "リロード"
+
+#: gitk:1921
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "リファレンスを�読�込�"
+
+#: gitk:1922
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "リファレンスリストを表示"
+
+#: gitk:1924
+msgid "Start git gui"
+msgstr "git gui �開始"
+
+#: gitk:1926
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "終了"
+
+#: gitk:1918
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "ファイル"
+
+#: gitk:1930
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "設定"
+
+#: gitk:1929
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "編集"
+
+#: gitk:1934
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "新�ビュー..."
+
+#: gitk:1935
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "ビュー編集..."
+
+#: gitk:1936
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "ビュー削除"
+
+#: gitk:1938
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "全��ファイル"
+
+#: gitk:1933 gitk:3679
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "ビュー"
+
+#: gitk:1943 gitk:1953 gitk:2656
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "gitk ����"
+
+#: gitk:1944 gitk:1958
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "キー�インディング"
+
+#: gitk:1942 gitk:1957
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "ヘルプ"
+
+#: gitk:2018
+msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+msgstr "SHA1 ID: "
+
+#: gitk:2049
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "行"
+
+#: gitk:2080
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "検索"
+
+#: gitk:2081
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "次"
+
+#: gitk:2082
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr "�"
+
+#: gitk:2083
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "コミット"
+
+#: gitk:2086 gitk:2088 gitk:4293 gitk:4316 gitk:4340 gitk:6281 gitk:6353
+#: gitk:6437
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "�む:"
+
+#: gitk:2089 gitk:3164 gitk:3169 gitk:4368
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "パス�一部:"
+
+#: gitk:2090 gitk:4373
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "追加/除去�る文字列:"
+
+#: gitk:2099 gitk:2101
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "英字�大�を区別�る"
+
+#: gitk:2101 gitk:4448 gitk:6249
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "英字�大�を区別���"
+
+#: gitk:2101 gitk:4342 gitk:4446 gitk:6245
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "正�表�"
+
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:2104 gitk:4467 gitk:4497 gitk:4504 gitk:6373 gitk:6441
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "全��項目"
+
+#: gitk:2104 gitk:4465 gitk:4497 gitk:6312
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "ヘッドライン"
+
+#: gitk:2105 gitk:4465 gitk:6312 gitk:6441 gitk:6875
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "コメント"
+
+#: gitk:2105 gitk:4465 gitk:4469 gitk:4504 gitk:6312 gitk:6810 gitk:8091
+#: gitk:8106
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "作者"
+
+#: gitk:2105 gitk:4465 gitk:6312 gitk:6812
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "コミット者"
+
+#: gitk:2134
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "検索"
+
+#: gitk:2141
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Diff"
+
+#: gitk:2143
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "旧�ージョン"
+
+#: gitk:2145
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "新�ージョン"
+
+#: gitk:2147
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "文脈行数"
+
+#: gitk:2157
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "空白���を無視"
+
+#: gitk:2215
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "パッ�"
+
+#: gitk:2217
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "ツリー"
+
+#: gitk:2361 gitk:2378
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "�れ��択��コミット�diffを見る"
+
+#: gitk:2362 gitk:2379
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "�択��コミット��れ�diffを見る"
+
+#: gitk:2363 gitk:2380
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "パッ�作�"
+
+#: gitk:2364 gitk:8497
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "タグ生�"
+
+#: gitk:2365 gitk:8603
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "コミットをファイル�書�出�"
+
+#: gitk:2366 gitk:8660
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "新�ブラン�生�"
+
+#: gitk:2367
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "��コミットを�ェリーピック�る"
+
+#: gitk:2368
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "ブラン��HEADを���リセット�る"
+
+#: gitk:2369
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "��コミット�マークを��る"
+
+#: gitk:2370
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "マークを付��所�戻る"
+
+#: gitk:2371
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "�れ�マークを���所���孫を見��る"
+
+#: gitk:2372
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "マークを付��コミット�比較�る"
+
+#: gitk:2386
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "��ブラン�を�ェックアウト�る"
+
+#: gitk:2387
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "��ブラン�を除去�る"
+
+#: gitk:2394
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "�れも�イライト��る"
+
+#: gitk:2395
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "�れ��を�イライト��る"
+
+#: gitk:2396
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "外部diffツール"
+
+#: gitk:2397
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr "親コミット�ら blame を��る"
+
+#: gitk:2404
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "��行�出自を表示�る"
+
+#: gitk:2405
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "��行� git gui � blame を��る"
+
+#: gitk:2658
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - gitコミットビューア\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"使用�よ���布� GNU General Public License �従������"
+
+#: gitk:2666 gitk:2728 gitk:9025
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "閉�る"
+
+#: gitk:2685
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "Gitk キー�インディング"
+
+#: gitk:2688
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "Gitk キー�インディング:"
+
+#: gitk:2690
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\t終了"
+
+#: gitk:2691
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\t最��コミット�移動"
+
+#: gitk:2692
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\t最後�コミット�移動"
+
+#: gitk:2693
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, i\t一�上�コミット�移動"
+
+#: gitk:2694
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, k\t一�下�コミット�移動"
+
+#: gitk:2695
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, j\t履歴���戻る"
+
+#: gitk:2696
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Right>, x, l\t履歴�次�進む"
+
+#: gitk:2697
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tコミットリスト�一�上�ページ�移動"
+
+#: gitk:2698
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tコミットリスト�一�下�ページ�移動"
+
+#: gitk:2699
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tコミットリスト�一番上�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2700
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tコミットリスト�一番下�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2701
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Up>\tコミットリスト�一�下�行�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2702
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Down>\tコミットリスト�一�下�行�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2703
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tコミットリスト�上�ページ�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2704
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tコミットリスト�下�ページ�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2705
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Up>\t後方を検索 (上方�・新��コミット)"
+
+#: gitk:2706
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Down>\t�方を検索（下方�・��コミット）"
+
+#: gitk:2707
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tdiff画�を上�ページ�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2708
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Backspace>\tdiff画�を上�ページ�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2709
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Space>\t\tdiff画�を下�ページ�スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2710
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tdiff画�を上�18行スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2711
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tdiff画�を下�18行スクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2712
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\t検索"
+
+#: gitk:2713
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\t次を検索��移動"
+
+#: gitk:2714
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\t次を検索��移動"
+
+#: gitk:2715
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\t検索ボックス�フォーカス"
+
+#: gitk:2716
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\t�を検索��移動"
+
+#: gitk:2717
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\t次�ファイル�diff画�をスクロール�る"
+
+#: gitk:2718
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tdiff画��次を検索"
+
+#: gitk:2719
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tdiff画���を検索"
+
+#: gitk:2720
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\t文字サイズを拡大"
+
+#: gitk:2721
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-plus>\t文字サイズを拡大"
+
+#: gitk:2722
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\t文字サイズを縮�"
+
+#: gitk:2723
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-minus>\t文字サイズを縮�"
+
+#: gitk:2724
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tæ›´æ–°"
+
+#: gitk:3179 gitk:3188
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "一時ディレクトリ %s 生�時エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:3201
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "\"%s\" �エラー� %s �発生:"
+
+#: gitk:3264
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "コマンド失敗:"
+
+#: gitk:3410
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "��よ��コミット��り��ん"
+
+#: gitk:3424
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: コマンド失敗:"
+
+#: gitk:3455
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "マージ�る HEAD を読�込���ん: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3463
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "インデックス読�込�エラー: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3488
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "git blame を始�られ��ん: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3491 gitk:6280
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "検索中"
+
+#: gitk:3523
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "git blame 実行エラー: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3551
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr "コミット %s �由��る��行����ビュー�表示�れ����ん"
+
+#: gitk:3565
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "外部diffビューア�失敗:"
+
+#: gitk:3683
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Gitk ビュー定義"
+
+#: gitk:3687
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "��ビューを記憶�る"
+
+#: gitk:3688
+msgid "References (space separated list):"
+msgstr "リファレンス（スペース区切り�リスト）:"
+
+#: gitk:3689
+msgid "Branches & tags:"
+msgstr "ブラン�＆タグ:"
+
+#: gitk:3690
+msgid "All refs"
+msgstr "全��リファレンス"
+
+#: gitk:3691
+msgid "All (local) branches"
+msgstr "全��（ローカル�）ブラン�"
+
+#: gitk:3692
+msgid "All tags"
+msgstr "全��タグ"
+
+#: gitk:3693
+msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "全��リモート追跡ブラン�"
+
+#: gitk:3694
+msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
+msgstr "コミット情報（正�表�）:"
+
+#: gitk:3695
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "作者:"
+
+#: gitk:3696
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "コミット者:"
+
+#: gitk:3697
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "コミットメッセージ:"
+
+#: gitk:3698
+msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "コミット情報�全���件�一致"
+
+#: gitk:3699
+msgid "Changes to Files:"
+msgstr "変更��ファイル:"
+
+#: gitk:3700
+msgid "Fixed String"
+msgstr "固定文字列"
+
+#: gitk:3701
+msgid "Regular Expression"
+msgstr "正�表�"
+
+#: gitk:3702
+msgid "Search string:"
+msgstr "検索文字列:"
+
+#: gitk:3703
+msgid ""
+"Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+msgstr ""
+"コミット日時 (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+
+#: gitk:3704
+msgid "Since:"
+msgstr "期間�始�:"
+
+#: gitk:3705
+msgid "Until:"
+msgstr "期間�終�り:"
+
+#: gitk:3706
+msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
+msgstr "制�・�略�るリビジョン�数（正�整数）:"
+
+#: gitk:3707
+msgid "Number to show:"
+msgstr "表示�る数:"
+
+#: gitk:3708
+msgid "Number to skip:"
+msgstr "�略�る数:"
+
+#: gitk:3709
+msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
+msgstr "��他�オプション:"
+
+#: gitk:3710
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "厳密�日付順�並�替�"
+
+#: gitk:3711
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "��マーク"
+
+#: gitk:3712
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "最��親�制�"
+
+#: gitk:3713
+msgid "Simple history"
+msgstr "簡易�履歴"
+
+#: gitk:3714
+msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
+msgstr "git log ��追加�引数:"
+
+#: gitk:3715
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "��れるファイル・ディレクトリを一行���入力:"
+
+#: gitk:3716
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "コミット追加コマンド:"
+
+#: gitk:3838
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: ビュー編集"
+
+#: gitk:3846
+msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
+msgstr "― リビジョン��択�件"
+
+#: gitk:3851
+msgid "View Name:"
+msgstr "ビュー�:"
+
+#: gitk:3926
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "�用 (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:3964
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "コミット�択引数�エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:4017 gitk:4069 gitk:4517 gitk:4531 gitk:5792 gitk:11263 gitk:11264
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "無�"
+
+#: gitk:4465 gitk:6312 gitk:8093 gitk:8108
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "日付"
+
+#: gitk:4465 gitk:6312
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr "作�日"
+
+#: gitk:4614 gitk:4619
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "�孫"
+
+#: gitk:4615
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "��孫"
+
+#: gitk:4622 gitk:4627
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "祖先"
+
+#: gitk:4623
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "�祖先"
+
+#: gitk:4913
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "ステージ�れ��コミット��ローカル�変更"
+
+#: gitk:4949
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "ステージ�れ�����コミット��ローカル�変更"
+
+#: gitk:6630
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "多数"
+
+#: gitk:6814
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "ã‚¿ã‚°:"
+
+#: gitk:6831 gitk:6837 gitk:8086
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "親"
+
+#: gitk:6842
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "å­�"
+
+#: gitk:6851
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "ブラン�"
+
+#: gitk:6854
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "下�"
+
+#: gitk:6857
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "上�"
+
+#: gitk:7359
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "diff�得エラー: %s"
+
+#: gitk:7914
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Goto:"
+
+#: gitk:7916
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
+
+#: gitk:7935
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "%s を�む SHA1 ID �複数存在���"
+
+#: gitk:7942
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not known"
+msgstr "リビジョン %s ��明��"
+
+#: gitk:7952
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "SHA1 id %s ��明��"
+
+#: gitk:7954
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
+msgstr "リビジョン %s ��在�ビュー���り��ん"
+
+#: gitk:8096
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "å­�"
+
+#: gitk:8153
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "%s ブラン�を���リセット�る"
+
+#: gitk:8155
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "切り離�れ�HEAD: リセット����ん"
+
+#: gitk:8264 gitk:8270
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "コミットマージをスキップ: "
+
+#: gitk:8279 gitk:8284
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "パッ��得エラー: ID "
+
+#: gitk:8280 gitk:8285
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr " - �止\n"
+
+#: gitk:8290 gitk:8293 gitk:8301 gitk:8314 gitk:8323
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "コミット "
+
+#: gitk:8294
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" �下記�パッ���等\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8302
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" 下記�ら�diff\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8304
+msgid ""
+"Diff of commits:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"コミット�diff:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: gitk:8315 gitk:8324
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr " �� %s ����り�� - �止\n"
+
+#: gitk:8344
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
+msgstr "ファイル��コミット書�出�エラー: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8350
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
+msgstr "コミット�diff実行エラー: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8380
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Top"
+
+#: gitk:8381
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "From"
+
+#: gitk:8386
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "To"
+
+#: gitk:8410
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "パッ�生�"
+
+#: gitk:8412
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "From:"
+
+#: gitk:8421
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "To:"
+
+#: gitk:8430
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "逆"
+
+#: gitk:8432 gitk:8617
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "出力ファイル:"
+
+#: gitk:8438
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "生�"
+
+#: gitk:8476
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "パッ�生�エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:8499 gitk:8605 gitk:8662
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:8508
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "タグ�:"
+
+#: gitk:8512 gitk:8671
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "生�"
+
+#: gitk:8529
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "タグ��称�指定�れ����ん"
+
+#: gitk:8533
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "タグ \"%s\" �既�存在���"
+
+#: gitk:8539
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "タグ生�エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:8614
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "コマンド:"
+
+#: gitk:8622
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "書�出�"
+
+#: gitk:8640
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "コミット書�出�エラー:"
+
+#: gitk:8667
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "��:"
+
+#: gitk:8690
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "新��ブラン����を指定������"
+
+#: gitk:8695
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "ブラン� '%s' �既�存在���。上書�����？"
+
+#: gitk:8761
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr ""
+"コミット %s �既�ブラン� %s ���れ���� ― 本当��れを��用����？"
+
+#: gitk:8766
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "�ェリーピック中"
+
+#: gitk:8775
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"ファイル '%s' �ローカル�変更�����ェリーピック�失敗����。\n"
+"����変更� commit, reset, stash ���れ�を行���らやり直�����"
+"�。"
+
+#: gitk:8781
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"マージ����よ���ェリーピック�失敗����。\n"
+"��解決���� git citool を実行������？"
+
+#: gitk:8797
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "何�変更もコミット�れ����ん"
+
+#: gitk:8823
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "確�を�り消�"
+
+#: gitk:8825
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "ブラン� %s を %s �リセット����？"
+
+#: gitk:8829
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Reset タイプ:"
+
+#: gitk:8833
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Soft: 作業ツリーもインデックスも������る"
+
+#: gitk:8836
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr "Mixed: 作業ツリーを��������インデックスをリセット"
+
+#: gitk:8839
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Hard: 作業ツリーやインデックスをリセット\n"
+"（「全���ローカル�変更を破棄）"
+
+#: gitk:8856
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "リセット中"
+
+#: gitk:8913
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "�ェックアウト"
+
+#: gitk:8966
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "�在�ェックアウト�れ��るブラン�を削除�る�������ん"
+
+#: gitk:8972
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"ブラン� %s ��他�ブラン��存在���コミット��り��。\n"
+"本当�ブラン� %s を削除����？"
+
+#: gitk:9003
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "タグ�HEAD: %s"
+
+#: gitk:9018
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "フィルター"
+
+#: gitk:9313
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"コミット構造情報読�込�エラー; ブラン���上�/下��タグ情報��完全��る"
+"よ���。"
+
+#: gitk:10299
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "ã‚¿ã‚°"
+
+#: gitk:10299
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "ID"
+
+#: gitk:10347
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Gitk フォント�択"
+
+#: gitk:10364
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "B"
+
+#: gitk:10367
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "I"
+
+#: gitk:10463
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Gitk 設定"
+
+#: gitk:10465
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "コミットリスト表示オプション"
+
+#: gitk:10468
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "最大グラフ幅（線�本数）"
+
+#: gitk:10472
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "最大グラフ幅（ペイン�対�る％）"
+
+#: gitk:10476
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "ローカル�変更を表示"
+
+#: gitk:10479
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "SHA1 �自動�択"
+
+#: gitk:10483
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "diff表示オプション"
+
+#: gitk:10485
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "タブ空白幅"
+
+#: gitk:10488
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "近��タグを表示�る"
+
+#: gitk:10491
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "リモートリファレンスを隠�"
+
+#: gitk:10494
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "diff をリスト�パス�制�"
+
+#: gitk:10497
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr "ファイル���エンコーディング�サ�ート"
+
+#: gitk:10503 gitk:10572
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "外部diffツール"
+
+#: gitk:10505
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "�択..."
+
+#: gitk:10510
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "色: ボタンを押���択"
+
+#: gitk:10513
+msgid "Interface"
+msgstr "インターフェイス"
+
+#: gitk:10514
+msgid "interface"
+msgstr "インターフェイス"
+
+#: gitk:10517
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "背景"
+
+#: gitk:10518 gitk:10548
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "背景"
+
+#: gitk:10521
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "�景"
+
+#: gitk:10522
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "�景"
+
+#: gitk:10525
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Diff: 旧�ージョン"
+
+#: gitk:10526
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "diff 旧�ージョン"
+
+#: gitk:10530
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Diff: 新�ージョン"
+
+#: gitk:10531
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "diff 新�ージョン"
+
+#: gitk:10535
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Diff: hunkヘッダ"
+
+#: gitk:10537
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "diff hunkヘッダ"
+
+#: gitk:10541
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "マーク行�背景"
+
+#: gitk:10543
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "マーク行�背景"
+
+#: gitk:10547
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "�択�背景"
+
+#: gitk:10551
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "フォント: ボタンを押���択"
+
+#: gitk:10553
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "主フォント"
+
+#: gitk:10554
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Diff表示用フォント"
+
+#: gitk:10555
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "UI用フォント"
+
+#: gitk:10582
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: 「%s� �色を�択"
+
+#: gitk:11168
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "����gitリ�ジトリ��り��ん。"
+
+#: gitk:11172
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "gitディレクトリ \"%s\" を見��られ��ん。"
+
+#: gitk:11219
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "�����引数 '%s': リビジョン�ファイル��両方�解釈����"
+
+#: gitk:11231
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "gitk���正�引数:"
+
+#: gitk:11316
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "コマンド行"
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/ru.po b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..704eba8f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/po/ru.po
@@ -0,0 +1,1085 @@
+#
+# Translation of gitk to Russian.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: gitk\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-04-24 16:00+0200\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-04-24 16:00+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#: gitk:113
+msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
+msgstr ""
+"�евозможно получить �пи�ок файлов незавершённой операции �ли�ни�:"
+
+#: gitk:268
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Ошибка в идентификаторе вер�ии:"
+
+#: gitk:323
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� команды заданой --argscmd:"
+
+#: gitk:336
+msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но не было найдено ни одного файла "
+"где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
+
+#: gitk:339
+msgid ""
+"No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
+"limit."
+msgstr ""
+"Файлы не выбраны: указан --merge, но в рамках указаного "
+"ограничени� на имена файлов нет ни одного "
+"где �та операци� должна быть завершена."
+
+#: gitk:361 gitk:508
+msgid "Error executing git log:"
+msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка git log:"
+
+#: gitk:379
+msgid "Reading"
+msgstr "Чтение"
+
+#: gitk:439 gitk:4021
+msgid "Reading commits..."
+msgstr "Чтение вер�ий..."
+
+#: gitk:442 gitk:1560 gitk:4024
+msgid "No commits selected"
+msgstr "�ичего не выбрано"
+
+#: gitk:1436
+msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
+msgstr "Ошибка обработки вывода команды git log:"
+
+#: gitk:1656
+msgid "No commit information available"
+msgstr "�ет информации о �о�то�нии"
+
+#: gitk:1791 gitk:1815 gitk:3814 gitk:8478 gitk:10014 gitk:10186
+msgid "OK"
+msgstr "Ok"
+
+#: gitk:1817 gitk:3816 gitk:8078 gitk:8152 gitk:8259 gitk:8308 gitk:8480
+#: gitk:10015 gitk:10187
+msgid "Cancel"
+msgstr "Отмена"
+
+#: gitk:1915
+msgid "Update"
+msgstr "Обновить"
+
+#: gitk:1916
+msgid "Reload"
+msgstr "Перечитать"
+
+#: gitk:1917
+msgid "Reread references"
+msgstr "Обновить �пи�ок ��ылок"
+
+#: gitk:1918
+msgid "List references"
+msgstr "Спи�ок ��ылок"
+
+#: gitk:1920
+msgid "Start git gui"
+msgstr "Запу�тить git gui"
+
+#: gitk:1922
+msgid "Quit"
+msgstr "Завершить"
+
+#: gitk:1914
+msgid "File"
+msgstr "Файл"
+
+#: gitk:1925
+msgid "Preferences"
+msgstr "�а�тройки"
+
+#: gitk:1924
+msgid "Edit"
+msgstr "Редактировать"
+
+#: gitk:1928
+msgid "New view..."
+msgstr "�овое пред�тавление..."
+
+#: gitk:1929
+msgid "Edit view..."
+msgstr "Редактировать пред�тавление..."
+
+#: gitk:1930
+msgid "Delete view"
+msgstr "Удалить пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:1932
+msgid "All files"
+msgstr "В�е файлы"
+
+#: gitk:1927 gitk:3626
+msgid "View"
+msgstr "Пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:1935 gitk:2609
+msgid "About gitk"
+msgstr "О gitk"
+
+#: gitk:1936
+msgid "Key bindings"
+msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры"
+
+#: gitk:1934
+msgid "Help"
+msgstr "Под�казка"
+
+#: gitk:1994
+msgid "SHA1 ID: "
+msgstr "SHA1:"
+
+#: gitk:2025
+msgid "Row"
+msgstr "Строка"
+
+#: gitk:2056
+msgid "Find"
+msgstr "Пои�к"
+
+#: gitk:2057
+msgid "next"
+msgstr "След."
+
+#: gitk:2058
+msgid "prev"
+msgstr "Пред."
+
+#: gitk:2059
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "�о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2062 gitk:2064 gitk:4179 gitk:4202 gitk:4226 gitk:6164 gitk:6236
+#: gitk:6320
+msgid "containing:"
+msgstr "�одержащее:"
+
+#: gitk:2065 gitk:3117 gitk:3122 gitk:4254
+msgid "touching paths:"
+msgstr "ка�ательно файлов:"
+
+#: gitk:2066 gitk:4259
+msgid "adding/removing string:"
+msgstr "добавив/удалив �троку:"
+
+#: gitk:2075 gitk:2077
+msgid "Exact"
+msgstr "Точно"
+
+#: gitk:2077 gitk:4334 gitk:6132
+msgid "IgnCase"
+msgstr "Игнорировать большие/маленькие"
+
+#: gitk:2077 gitk:4228 gitk:4332 gitk:6128
+msgid "Regexp"
+msgstr "Регул�рные выражени�"
+
+#: gitk:2079 gitk:2080 gitk:4353 gitk:4383 gitk:4390 gitk:6256 gitk:6324
+msgid "All fields"
+msgstr "Во в�ех пол�х"
+
+#: gitk:2080 gitk:4351 gitk:4383 gitk:6195
+msgid "Headline"
+msgstr "Заголовок"
+
+#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:6324 gitk:6737
+msgid "Comments"
+msgstr "Комментарии"
+
+#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:4355 gitk:4390 gitk:6195 gitk:6672 gitk:7923
+#: gitk:7938
+msgid "Author"
+msgstr "�втор"
+
+#: gitk:2081 gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:6674
+msgid "Committer"
+msgstr "Сохранивший �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2110
+msgid "Search"
+msgstr "�айти"
+
+#: gitk:2117
+msgid "Diff"
+msgstr "Сравнить"
+
+#: gitk:2119
+msgid "Old version"
+msgstr "Стара� вер�и�"
+
+#: gitk:2121
+msgid "New version"
+msgstr "�ова� вер�и�"
+
+#: gitk:2123
+msgid "Lines of context"
+msgstr "Строк контек�та"
+
+#: gitk:2133
+msgid "Ignore space change"
+msgstr "Игнорировать пробелы"
+
+#: gitk:2191
+msgid "Patch"
+msgstr "Патч"
+
+#: gitk:2193
+msgid "Tree"
+msgstr "Файлы"
+
+#: gitk:2326 gitk:2339
+msgid "Diff this -> selected"
+msgstr "Сравнить �то �о�то�ние � выделеным"
+
+#: gitk:2327 gitk:2340
+msgid "Diff selected -> this"
+msgstr "Сравнить выделеное � �тим �о�то�нием"
+
+#: gitk:2328 gitk:2341
+msgid "Make patch"
+msgstr "Создать патч"
+
+#: gitk:2329 gitk:8136
+msgid "Create tag"
+msgstr "Создать метку"
+
+#: gitk:2330 gitk:8239
+msgid "Write commit to file"
+msgstr "Сохранить изменени� в файл"
+
+#: gitk:2331 gitk:8296
+msgid "Create new branch"
+msgstr "Создать ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:2332
+msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
+msgstr "Скопировать �то �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2333
+msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
+msgstr "У�тановить HEAD на �то �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2347
+msgid "Check out this branch"
+msgstr "Перейти на �ту ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:2348
+msgid "Remove this branch"
+msgstr "Удалить �ту ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:2355
+msgid "Highlight this too"
+msgstr "Под�ветить �тот тоже"
+
+#: gitk:2356
+msgid "Highlight this only"
+msgstr "Под�ветить только �тот"
+
+#: gitk:2357
+msgid "External diff"
+msgstr "Программа �равнени�"
+
+#: gitk:2358
+msgid "Blame parent commit"
+msgstr "�ннотировать родитель�кое �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2365
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Показать и�точник �той �троки"
+
+#: gitk:2366
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Запу�тить git gui blame дл� �той �троки"
+
+#: gitk:2611
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright © 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Gitk - программа про�мотра и�тории репозиториев Git\n"
+"\n"
+"Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"\n"
+"И�пользование и ра�про�транение �огла�но у�лови�м GNU General Public License"
+
+#: gitk:2619 gitk:2681 gitk:8661
+msgid "Close"
+msgstr "Закрыть"
+
+#: gitk:2638
+msgid "Gitk key bindings"
+msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры в Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:2641
+msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
+msgstr "�азначени� клавиатуры в Gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:2643
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
+msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tЗавершить"
+
+#: gitk:2644
+msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
+msgstr "<Home>\t\tПерейти к первому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2645
+msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
+msgstr "<End>\t\tПерейти к по�леднему �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2646
+msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Up>, p, i\tПерейти к �ледующему �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2647
+msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Down>, n, k\tПерейти к предыдущему �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2648
+msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Left>, z, j\tПоказать ранее по�ещённое �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2649
+msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
+msgstr "<Right>, x, l\tПоказать �ледующее по�ещённое �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:2650
+msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageUp>\tПерейти на �траницу выше в �пи�ке �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2651
+msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
+msgstr "<PageDown>\tПерейти на �траницу ниже в �пи�ке �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2652
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-Home>\tПоказать начало �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2653
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
+msgstr "<%s-End>\tПоказать конец �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:2654
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Up>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний вверх"
+
+#: gitk:2655
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
+msgstr "<%s-Down>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний вниз"
+
+#: gitk:2656
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний на �траницу вверх"
+
+#: gitk:2657
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
+msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tПровернуть �пи�ок �о�то�ний на �траницу вниз"
+
+#: gitk:2658
+msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
+msgstr ""
+"<Shift-Up>\tПои�к в обратном пор�дке (вверх, �реди новых �о�то�ний)"
+
+#: gitk:2659
+msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
+msgstr "<Shift-Down>\tПои�к (вниз, �реди �тарых �о�то�ний)"
+
+#: gitk:2660
+msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Delete>, b\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу выше"
+
+#: gitk:2661
+msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
+msgstr "<Backspace>\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу выше"
+
+#: gitk:2662
+msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
+msgstr "<Leertaste>\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на �траницу ниже"
+
+#: gitk:2663
+msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
+msgstr "u\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на 18 �трок вверх"
+
+#: gitk:2664
+msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
+msgstr "d\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений на 18 �трок вниз"
+
+#: gitk:2665
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
+msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tПои�к"
+
+#: gitk:2666
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tПерейти к �ледующему найденому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2667
+msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
+msgstr "<Return>\tПерейти к �ледующему найденому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2668
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tПерейти к полю пои�ка"
+
+#: gitk:2669
+msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
+msgstr "?\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденому �о�то�нию"
+
+#: gitk:2670
+msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
+msgstr "f\t\tПрокрутить �пи�ок изменений к �ледующему файлу"
+
+#: gitk:2671
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tПродолжить пои�к в �пи�ке изменений"
+
+#: gitk:2672
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
+msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tПерейти к предыдущему найденому тек�ту в �пи�ке изменений"
+
+#: gitk:2673
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP+>\tУвеличить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2674
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-plus>\tУвеличить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2675
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-KP->\tУменьшить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2676
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
+msgstr "<%s-minus>\tУменьшить размер шрифта"
+
+#: gitk:2677
+msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
+msgstr "<F5>\t\tОбновить"
+
+#: gitk:3132
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Ошибка получени� \"%s\" из %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3189 gitk:3198
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� временного каталога %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3211
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "ошибка выполнени� команды:"
+
+#: gitk:3357
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Со�то�ние не найдено"
+
+#: gitk:3371
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: ошибка выполнени� команды:"
+
+#: gitk:3402
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка чтени� MERGE_HEAD: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3410
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка чтени� индек�а: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3435
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка запу�ка git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3438 gitk:6163
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Пои�к"
+
+#: gitk:3470
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3498
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr ""
+"Эта �трока принадлежит �о�то�нию %s, которое не показано в �том "
+"пред�тавлении"
+
+#: gitk:3512
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "Ошибка выполнени� программы �равнени�:"
+
+#: gitk:3630
+msgid "Gitk view definition"
+msgstr "Gitk определение пред�тавлений"
+
+#: gitk:3634
+msgid "Remember this view"
+msgstr "Запомнить пред�тавление"
+
+#: gitk:3635
+msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
+msgstr "Включить �о�то�ни� (аргументы дл� git-log):"
+
+#: gitk:3636
+msgid "Use all refs"
+msgstr "И�пользовать в�е ветви"
+
+#: gitk:3637
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Строга� �ортировка по дате"
+
+#: gitk:3638
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Отметить �тороны ветвей"
+
+#: gitk:3639
+msgid "Since date:"
+msgstr "С даты:"
+
+#: gitk:3640
+msgid "Until date:"
+msgstr "По дату:"
+
+#: gitk:3641
+msgid "Max count:"
+msgstr "Мак�. количе�тво:"
+
+#: gitk:3642
+msgid "Skip:"
+msgstr "Пропу�тить:"
+
+#: gitk:3643
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Ограничить первым предком"
+
+#: gitk:3644
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Дополнительна� команда дл� �пи�ка �о�то�ний:"
+
+#: gitk:3753
+msgid "Name"
+msgstr "Им�"
+
+#: gitk:3801
+msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
+msgstr "Файлы и каталоги дл� ограничени� и�тории, по одному на �троку:"
+
+#: gitk:3815
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Применить (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:3853
+msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
+msgstr "Ошибка в параметрах выбора �о�то�ний:"
+
+#: gitk:3906 gitk:3958 gitk:4403 gitk:4417 gitk:5675 gitk:10867 gitk:10868
+msgid "None"
+msgstr "�и одного"
+
+#: gitk:4351 gitk:6195 gitk:7925 gitk:7940
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Дата"
+
+#: gitk:4351 gitk:6195
+msgid "CDate"
+msgstr "Дата ввода"
+
+#: gitk:4500 gitk:4505
+msgid "Descendant"
+msgstr "Порождённое"
+
+#: gitk:4501
+msgid "Not descendant"
+msgstr "�е порождённое"
+
+#: gitk:4508 gitk:4513
+msgid "Ancestor"
+msgstr "Предок"
+
+#: gitk:4509
+msgid "Not ancestor"
+msgstr "�е предок"
+
+#: gitk:4799
+msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
+msgstr "Изменени� зареги�трированные в индек�е, но не �охранённые"
+
+#: gitk:4835
+msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
+msgstr "Изменени� в рабочем каталоге, не зареги�трированные в индек�е"
+
+#: gitk:6676
+msgid "Tags:"
+msgstr "Таги:"
+
+#: gitk:6693 gitk:6699 gitk:7918
+msgid "Parent"
+msgstr "Предок"
+
+#: gitk:6704
+msgid "Child"
+msgstr "Потомок"
+
+#: gitk:6713
+msgid "Branch"
+msgstr "Ветвь"
+
+#: gitk:6716
+msgid "Follows"
+msgstr "Следует за"
+
+#: gitk:6719
+msgid "Precedes"
+msgstr "Предше�твует"
+
+#: gitk:7212
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Ошибка получени� изменений: %s"
+
+#: gitk:7751
+msgid "Goto:"
+msgstr "Перейти к:"
+
+#: gitk:7753
+msgid "SHA1 ID:"
+msgstr "SHA1 ID:"
+
+#: gitk:7772
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
+msgstr "Сокращённый SHA1 идентификатор %s неоднозначен"
+
+#: gitk:7784
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
+msgstr "SHA1 идентификатор %s не найден"
+
+#: gitk:7786
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+msgstr "Метка или ветвь %s не найдена"
+
+#: gitk:7928
+msgid "Children"
+msgstr "Потомки"
+
+#: gitk:7985
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
+msgstr "У�тановить ветвь %s на �то �о�то�ние"
+
+#: gitk:7987
+msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
+msgstr "Со�то�ние не принадлежит ни одной ветви, переход невозможен"
+
+#: gitk:8019
+msgid "Top"
+msgstr "Верх"
+
+#: gitk:8020
+msgid "From"
+msgstr "От"
+
+#: gitk:8025
+msgid "To"
+msgstr "До"
+
+#: gitk:8049
+msgid "Generate patch"
+msgstr "Создать патч"
+
+#: gitk:8051
+msgid "From:"
+msgstr "От:"
+
+#: gitk:8060
+msgid "To:"
+msgstr "До:"
+
+#: gitk:8069
+msgid "Reverse"
+msgstr "В обратном пор�дке"
+
+#: gitk:8071 gitk:8253
+msgid "Output file:"
+msgstr "Файл дл� �охранени�:"
+
+#: gitk:8077
+msgid "Generate"
+msgstr "Создать"
+
+#: gitk:8115
+msgid "Error creating patch:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� патча:"
+
+#: gitk:8138 gitk:8241 gitk:8298
+msgid "ID:"
+msgstr "ID:"
+
+#: gitk:8147
+msgid "Tag name:"
+msgstr "Им� метки:"
+
+#: gitk:8151 gitk:8307
+msgid "Create"
+msgstr "Создать"
+
+#: gitk:8168
+msgid "No tag name specified"
+msgstr "�е задано им� метки"
+
+#: gitk:8172
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
+msgstr "Метка \"%s\" уже �уще�твует"
+
+#: gitk:8178
+msgid "Error creating tag:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �оздани� метки:"
+
+#: gitk:8250
+msgid "Command:"
+msgstr "Команда:"
+
+#: gitk:8258
+msgid "Write"
+msgstr "Запи�ь"
+
+#: gitk:8276
+msgid "Error writing commit:"
+msgstr "Ошибка �охранени� �о�то�ни�:"
+
+#: gitk:8303
+msgid "Name:"
+msgstr "Им�:"
+
+#: gitk:8326
+msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
+msgstr "Укажите им� дл� новой ветви"
+
+#: gitk:8331
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "Ветвь '%s' уже �уще�твует. Перепи�ать?"
+
+#: gitk:8397
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Со�то�ние %s уже принадлежит ветви %s. Продолжить операцию?"
+
+#: gitk:8402
+msgid "Cherry-picking"
+msgstr "Копирование изменений"
+
+#: gitk:8411
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Копирование невозможно из-за изменений в файле '%s'.\n"
+"Сохраните или отмените изменени� и повторите операцию."
+
+#: gitk:8417
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Копирование изменений невозможно из-за незавершённой операции "
+"�ли�ни�.\nЗапу�тить git citool дл� завершени� �той операции?"
+
+#: gitk:8433
+msgid "No changes committed"
+msgstr "Изменени� не �охранены"
+
+#: gitk:8459
+msgid "Confirm reset"
+msgstr "Подтвердите операцию перехода"
+
+#: gitk:8461
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
+msgstr "У�тановить ветвь %s на �о�то�ние %s?"
+
+#: gitk:8465
+msgid "Reset type:"
+msgstr "Тип операции перехода:"
+
+#: gitk:8469
+msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
+msgstr "Лёгкий: о�тавить рабочий каталог и индек� неизменными"
+
+#: gitk:8472
+msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
+msgstr ""
+"Смешаный: о�тавить рабочий каталог неизменным, у�тановить индек�"
+
+#: gitk:8475
+msgid ""
+"Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
+"(discard ALL local changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"Же�ткий: перепи�ать индек� и рабочий каталог\n"
+"(в�е изменени� в рабочем каталоги будут потер�ны)"
+
+#: gitk:8492
+msgid "Resetting"
+msgstr "У�тановка"
+
+#: gitk:8549
+msgid "Checking out"
+msgstr "Переход"
+
+#: gitk:8602
+msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
+msgstr "�ктивна� ветвь не может быть удалена"
+
+#: gitk:8608
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
+"Really delete branch %s?"
+msgstr ""
+"Со�то�ни� ветви %s больше не принадлежат никакой другой ветви.\n"
+"Дей�твительно удалить ветвь %s?"
+
+#: gitk:8639
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
+msgstr "Метки и ветви: %s"
+
+#: gitk:8654
+msgid "Filter"
+msgstr "Фильтровать"
+
+#: gitk:8949
+msgid ""
+"Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
+"tag information will be incomplete."
+msgstr ""
+"Ошибка чтени� и�тории проекта; информаци� о ветв�х и �о�то�ни�х "
+"вокруг меток (до/по�ле) может быть неполной."
+
+#: gitk:9935
+msgid "Tag"
+msgstr "Метка"
+
+#: gitk:9935
+msgid "Id"
+msgstr "Id"
+
+#: gitk:9983
+msgid "Gitk font chooser"
+msgstr "Шрифт Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:10000
+msgid "B"
+msgstr "Ж"
+
+#: gitk:10003
+msgid "I"
+msgstr "К"
+
+#: gitk:10098
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "�а�тройки Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:10100
+msgid "Commit list display options"
+msgstr "Параметры показа �пи�ка �о�то�ний"
+
+#: gitk:10103
+msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
+msgstr "Мак�. ширина графа (�трок)"
+
+#: gitk:10107
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
+msgstr "Мак�. ширина графа (% ширины панели)"
+
+#: gitk:10111
+msgid "Show local changes"
+msgstr "Показывать изменени� в рабочем каталоге"
+
+#: gitk:10114
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
+msgstr "Выделить SHA1"
+
+#: gitk:10118
+msgid "Diff display options"
+msgstr "Параметры показа изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10120
+msgid "Tab spacing"
+msgstr "Ширина табул�ции"
+
+#: gitk:10123
+msgid "Display nearby tags"
+msgstr "Показывать близкие метки"
+
+#: gitk:10126
+msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
+msgstr "Ограничить показ изменений выбраными файлами"
+
+#: gitk:10129
+msgid "Support per-file encodings"
+msgstr "Поддержка кодировок в отдельных файлах"
+
+#: gitk:10135
+msgid "External diff tool"
+msgstr "Программа дл� показа изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10137
+msgid "Choose..."
+msgstr "Выберите..."
+
+#: gitk:10142
+msgid "Colors: press to choose"
+msgstr "Цвета: нажмите дл� выбора"
+
+#: gitk:10145
+msgid "Background"
+msgstr "Фон"
+
+#: gitk:10146 gitk:10176
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "фон"
+
+#: gitk:10149
+msgid "Foreground"
+msgstr "Передний план"
+
+#: gitk:10150
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "передний план"
+
+#: gitk:10153
+msgid "Diff: old lines"
+msgstr "Изменени�: �тарый тек�т"
+
+#: gitk:10154
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "�тарый тек�т изменени�"
+
+#: gitk:10158
+msgid "Diff: new lines"
+msgstr "Изменени�: новый тек�т"
+
+#: gitk:10159
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "новый тек�т изменени�"
+
+#: gitk:10163
+msgid "Diff: hunk header"
+msgstr "Изменени�: заголовок блока"
+
+#: gitk:10165
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "заголовок блока изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10169
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "Фон выбраной �троки"
+
+#: gitk:10171
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "фон выбраной �троки"
+
+#: gitk:10175
+msgid "Select bg"
+msgstr "Выберите фон"
+
+#: gitk:10179
+msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
+msgstr "Шрифт: нажмите дл� выбора"
+
+#: gitk:10181
+msgid "Main font"
+msgstr "О�новной шрифт"
+
+#: gitk:10182
+msgid "Diff display font"
+msgstr "Шрифт показа изменений"
+
+#: gitk:10183
+msgid "User interface font"
+msgstr "Шрифт интерфей�а"
+
+#: gitk:10210
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
+msgstr "Gitk: выберите цвет дл� %s"
+
+#: gitk:10656
+msgid ""
+"Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
+" Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+msgstr ""
+"К �ожалению gitk не может работать � �той вер�ий Tcl/Tk.\n"
+"Требует�� как минимум Tcl/Tk 8.4."
+
+#: gitk:10773
+msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
+msgstr "Git-репозитарий не найден в текущем каталоге."
+
+#: gitk:10777
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+msgstr "Git-репозитарий \"%s\" не найден."
+
+#: gitk:10824
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
+msgstr "�еоднозначный аргумент '%s': �уще�твует как вер�и� и им� файла"
+
+#: gitk:10836
+msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
+msgstr "�еправильные аргументы дл� gitk:"
+
+#: gitk:10896
+msgid "Command line"
+msgstr "Командна� �трока"
+
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/sv.po b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
index 947b53f6b..624eb2281 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/sv.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
@@ -1,32 +1,40 @@
 # Swedish translation for gitk
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Paul Mackerras
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Paul Mackerras
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
 #
-# Peter Karlsson <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008-2009.
 # Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>, 2008.
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-10-18 22:03+1100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-08-03 19:03+0200\n"
-"Last-Translator: Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>\n"
-"Language-Team: Swedish <sv@li.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-08-13 13:38+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-08-13 13:40+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
+"Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit"
 
 #: gitk:113
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
-msgstr "Kunde inta hämta lista över ej sammanslagna filer:"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta lista över ej sammanslagna filer:"
 
-#: gitk:340
+#: gitk:269
+msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
+msgstr "Fel vid tolkning av revisioner:"
+
+#: gitk:324
+msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
+msgstr "Fel vid körning av --argscmd-kommando:"
+
+#: gitk:337
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer som inte har "
 "slagits samman."
 
-#: gitk:343
+#: gitk:340
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -34,261 +42,290 @@ msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer inom "
 "filbegränsningen."
 
-#: gitk:365 gitk:503
+#: gitk:362 gitk:509
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git log:"
 
-#: gitk:378
+#: gitk:380 gitk:525
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Läser"
 
-#: gitk:438 gitk:3462
+#: gitk:440 gitk:4123
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Läser incheckningar..."
 
-#: gitk:441 gitk:1528 gitk:3465
+#: gitk:443 gitk:1561 gitk:4126
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Inga incheckningar markerade"
 
-#: gitk:1399
+#: gitk:1437
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka utdata från git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1605
+#: gitk:1657
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Ingen incheckningsinformation är tillgänglig"
 
-#: gitk:1709 gitk:1731 gitk:3259 gitk:7764 gitk:9293 gitk:9466
+#: gitk:1793 gitk:1817 gitk:3916 gitk:8786 gitk:10322 gitk:10498
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1733 gitk:3260 gitk:7439 gitk:7510 gitk:7613 gitk:7660 gitk:7766
-#: gitk:9294 gitk:9467
+#: gitk:1819 gitk:3918 gitk:8383 gitk:8457 gitk:8567 gitk:8616 gitk:8788
+#: gitk:10323 gitk:10499
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Avbryt"
 
-#: gitk:1811
+#: gitk:1919
 msgid "Update"
 msgstr "Uppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:1812
+#: gitk:1920
 msgid "Reload"
 msgstr "Ladda om"
 
-#: gitk:1813
+#: gitk:1921
 msgid "Reread references"
 msgstr "Läs om referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1814
+#: gitk:1922
 msgid "List references"
 msgstr "Visa referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1815
+#: gitk:1924
+msgid "Start git gui"
+msgstr "Starta git gui"
+
+#: gitk:1926
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Avsluta"
 
-#: gitk:1810
+#: gitk:1918
 msgid "File"
 msgstr "Arkiv"
 
-#: gitk:1818
+#: gitk:1930
 msgid "Preferences"
 msgstr "Inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:1817
+#: gitk:1929
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Redigera"
 
-#: gitk:1821
+#: gitk:1934
 msgid "New view..."
 msgstr "Ny vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1822
+#: gitk:1935
 msgid "Edit view..."
 msgstr "Ändra vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1823
+#: gitk:1936
 msgid "Delete view"
 msgstr "Ta bort vy"
 
-#: gitk:1825
+#: gitk:1938
 msgid "All files"
 msgstr "Alla filer"
 
-#: gitk:1820 gitk:3196
+#: gitk:1933 gitk:3670
 msgid "View"
 msgstr "Visa"
 
-#: gitk:1828 gitk:2487
+#: gitk:1943 gitk:1953 gitk:2654
 msgid "About gitk"
 msgstr "Om gitk"
 
-#: gitk:1829
+#: gitk:1944 gitk:1958
 msgid "Key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar"
 
-#: gitk:1827
+#: gitk:1942 gitk:1957
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Hjälp"
 
-#: gitk:1887
+#: gitk:2018
 msgid "SHA1 ID: "
 msgstr "SHA1-id: "
 
-#: gitk:1918
+#: gitk:2049
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Rad"
 
-#: gitk:1949
+#: gitk:2080
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:1950
+#: gitk:2081
 msgid "next"
 msgstr "nästa"
 
-#: gitk:1951
+#: gitk:2082
 msgid "prev"
 msgstr "föreg"
 
-#: gitk:1952
+#: gitk:2083
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:1955 gitk:1957 gitk:3617 gitk:3640 gitk:3664 gitk:5550 gitk:5621
+#: gitk:2086 gitk:2088 gitk:4284 gitk:4307 gitk:4331 gitk:6272 gitk:6344
+#: gitk:6428
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "som innehåller:"
 
-#: gitk:1958 gitk:2954 gitk:2959 gitk:3692
+#: gitk:2089 gitk:3162 gitk:3167 gitk:4359
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "som rör sökväg:"
 
-#: gitk:1959 gitk:3697
+#: gitk:2090 gitk:4364
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "som lägger/till tar bort sträng:"
 
-#: gitk:1968 gitk:1970
+#: gitk:2099 gitk:2101
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exakt"
 
-#: gitk:1970 gitk:3773 gitk:5518
+#: gitk:2101 gitk:4439 gitk:6240
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "IgnVersaler"
 
-#: gitk:1970 gitk:3666 gitk:3771 gitk:5514
+#: gitk:2101 gitk:4333 gitk:4437 gitk:6236
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Reg.uttr."
 
-#: gitk:1972 gitk:1973 gitk:3792 gitk:3822 gitk:3829 gitk:5641 gitk:5708
+#: gitk:2103 gitk:2104 gitk:4458 gitk:4488 gitk:4495 gitk:6364 gitk:6432
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Alla fält"
 
-#: gitk:1973 gitk:3790 gitk:3822 gitk:5580
+#: gitk:2104 gitk:4456 gitk:4488 gitk:6303
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Rubrik"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:5708 gitk:6109
+#: gitk:2105 gitk:4456 gitk:6303 gitk:6432 gitk:6866
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Kommentarer"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:3794 gitk:3829 gitk:5580 gitk:6045 gitk:7285
-#: gitk:7300
+#: gitk:2105 gitk:4456 gitk:4460 gitk:4495 gitk:6303 gitk:6801 gitk:8063
+#: gitk:8078
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Författare"
 
-#: gitk:1974 gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:6047
+#: gitk:2105 gitk:4456 gitk:6303 gitk:6803
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Incheckare"
 
-#: gitk:2003
+#: gitk:2134
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2010
+#: gitk:2141
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2012
+#: gitk:2143
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Gammal version"
 
-#: gitk:2014
+#: gitk:2145
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Ny version"
 
-#: gitk:2016
+#: gitk:2147
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Rader sammanhang"
 
-#: gitk:2026
+#: gitk:2157
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
 
-#: gitk:2084
+#: gitk:2215
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2086
+#: gitk:2217
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Träd"
 
-#: gitk:2213 gitk:2226
+#: gitk:2361 gitk:2378
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad"
 
-#: gitk:2214 gitk:2227
+#: gitk:2362 gitk:2379
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diff markerad -> denna"
 
-#: gitk:2215 gitk:2228
+#: gitk:2363 gitk:2380
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Skapa patch"
 
-#: gitk:2216 gitk:7494
+#: gitk:2364 gitk:8441
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Skapa tagg"
 
-#: gitk:2217 gitk:7593
+#: gitk:2365 gitk:8547
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Skriv incheckning till fil"
 
-#: gitk:2218 gitk:7647
+#: gitk:2366 gitk:8604
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
 
-#: gitk:2219
+#: gitk:2367
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Plocka denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2220
+#: gitk:2368
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ HEAD-grenen hit"
 
-#: gitk:2234
+#: gitk:2369
+msgid "Mark this commit"
+msgstr "Markera denna incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2370
+msgid "Return to mark"
+msgstr "Återgå till markering"
+
+#: gitk:2371
+msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
+msgstr "Hitta efterföljare till denna och markera"
+
+#: gitk:2372
+msgid "Compare with marked commit"
+msgstr "Jämför med markerad incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2386
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Checka ut denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2235
+#: gitk:2387
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Ta bort denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2242
+#: gitk:2394
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Markera även detta"
 
-#: gitk:2243
+#: gitk:2395
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Markera bara detta"
 
-#: gitk:2244
+#: gitk:2396
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Extern diff"
 
-#: gitk:2245
+#: gitk:2397
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2488
+#: gitk:2404
+msgid "Show origin of this line"
+msgstr "Visa ursprunget för den här raden"
+
+#: gitk:2405
+msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
+msgstr "Kör git gui blame på den här raden"
+
+#: gitk:2656
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
@@ -304,427 +341,672 @@ msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Använd och vidareförmedla enligt villkoren i GNU General Public License"
 
-#: gitk:2496 gitk:2557 gitk:7943
+#: gitk:2664 gitk:2726 gitk:8969
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Stäng"
 
-#: gitk:2515
+#: gitk:2683
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2517
+#: gitk:2686
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2519
+#: gitk:2688
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tAvsluta"
 
-#: gitk:2520
+#: gitk:2689
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tGå till första incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2521
+#: gitk:2690
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tGÃ¥ till sista incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2522
+#: gitk:2691
 msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
 msgstr "<Upp>, p, i\tGÃ¥ en incheckning upp"
 
-#: gitk:2523
+#: gitk:2692
 msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
 msgstr "<Ned>, n, k\tGÃ¥ en incheckning ned"
 
-#: gitk:2524
+#: gitk:2693
 msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
 msgstr "<Vänster>, z, j\tGå bakåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2525
+#: gitk:2694
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Höger>, x, l\tGå framåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2526
+#: gitk:2695
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tGÃ¥ upp en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2527
+#: gitk:2696
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tGÃ¥ ned en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2528
+#: gitk:2697
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRulla till början av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2529
+#: gitk:2698
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tRulla till slutet av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2530
+#: gitk:2699
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Upp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2531
+#: gitk:2700
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Ned>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2532
+#: gitk:2701
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2533
+#: gitk:2702
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2534
+#: gitk:2703
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Upp>\tSök bakåt (uppåt, senare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2535
+#: gitk:2704
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Ned>\tSök framåt (nedåt, tidigare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2536
+#: gitk:2705
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2537
+#: gitk:2706
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Baksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2538
+#: gitk:2707
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Blanksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2539
+#: gitk:2708
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tRulla diffvisningen upp 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2540
+#: gitk:2709
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tRulla diffvisningen ned 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2541
+#: gitk:2710
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSök"
 
-#: gitk:2542
+#: gitk:2711
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2543
+#: gitk:2712
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2544
-msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
-msgstr "/\t\tGå till nästa sökträff, eller sök på nytt"
+#: gitk:2713
+msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
+msgstr "/\t\tFokusera sökrutan"
 
-#: gitk:2545
+#: gitk:2714
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tGå till föregående sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2546
+#: gitk:2715
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tRulla diffvisningen till nästa fil"
 
-#: gitk:2547
+#: gitk:2716
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2548
+#: gitk:2717
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tGå till föregående sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2549
+#: gitk:2718
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num+>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2550
+#: gitk:2719
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2551
+#: gitk:2720
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num->\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2552
+#: gitk:2721
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2553
+#: gitk:2722
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tUppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:3200
+#: gitk:3177
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
+msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av  \"%s\" från %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3234 gitk:3243
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
+msgstr "Fel vid skapande av temporär katalog %s:"
+
+#: gitk:3255
+msgid "command failed:"
+msgstr "kommando misslyckades:"
+
+#: gitk:3401
+msgid "No such commit"
+msgstr "Incheckning saknas"
+
+#: gitk:3415
+msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
+msgstr "git gui blame: kommando misslyckades:"
+
+#: gitk:3446
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte läsa sammanslagningshuvud: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3454
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error reading index: %s"
+msgstr "Fel vid läsning av index: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3479
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte starta git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3482 gitk:6271
+msgid "Searching"
+msgstr "Söker"
+
+#: gitk:3514
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
+msgstr "Fel vid körning av git blame: %s"
+
+#: gitk:3542
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
+msgstr "Raden kommer från incheckningen %s, som inte finns i denna vy"
+
+#: gitk:3556
+msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
+msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg misslyckades:"
+
+#: gitk:3674
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Definition av Gitk-vy"
 
-#: gitk:3225
-msgid "Name"
-msgstr "Namn"
-
-#: gitk:3228
+#: gitk:3678
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Spara denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3232
-msgid "Commits to include (arguments to git log):"
-msgstr "Incheckningar att ta med (argument till git log):"
+#: gitk:3679
+msgid "References (space separated list):"
+msgstr "Referenser (blankstegsavdelad lista):"
 
-#: gitk:3239
-msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
-msgstr "Kommando för att generera fler incheckningar att ta med:"
+#: gitk:3680
+msgid "Branches & tags:"
+msgstr "Grenar & taggar:"
+
+#: gitk:3681
+msgid "All refs"
+msgstr "Alla referenser"
+
+#: gitk:3682
+msgid "All (local) branches"
+msgstr "Alla (lokala) grenar"
+
+#: gitk:3683
+msgid "All tags"
+msgstr "Alla taggar"
+
+#: gitk:3684
+msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "Alla fjärrspårande grenar"
+
+#: gitk:3685
+msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
+msgstr "Incheckningsinfo (reguljära uttryck):"
 
-#: gitk:3246
+#: gitk:3686
+msgid "Author:"
+msgstr "Författare:"
+
+#: gitk:3687
+msgid "Committer:"
+msgstr "Incheckare:"
+
+#: gitk:3688
+msgid "Commit Message:"
+msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
+
+#: gitk:3689
+msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
+msgstr "Motsvarar alla kriterier för incheckningsinfo"
+
+#: gitk:3690
+msgid "Changes to Files:"
+msgstr "Ändringar av filer:"
+
+#: gitk:3691
+msgid "Fixed String"
+msgstr "Fast sträng"
+
+#: gitk:3692
+msgid "Regular Expression"
+msgstr "Reguljärt uttryck"
+
+#: gitk:3693
+msgid "Search string:"
+msgstr "Söksträng:"
+
+#: gitk:3694
+msgid ""
+"Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+msgstr ""
+"Incheckingsdatum (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
+"15:27:38\"):"
+
+#: gitk:3695
+msgid "Since:"
+msgstr "Från:"
+
+#: gitk:3696
+msgid "Until:"
+msgstr "Till:"
+
+#: gitk:3697
+msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
+msgstr "Begränsa och/eller hoppa över ett antal revisioner (positivt heltal):"
+
+#: gitk:3698
+msgid "Number to show:"
+msgstr "Antal att visa:"
+
+#: gitk:3699
+msgid "Number to skip:"
+msgstr "Antal att hoppa över:"
+
+#: gitk:3700
+msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
+msgstr "Diverse alternativ:"
+
+#: gitk:3701
+msgid "Strictly sort by date"
+msgstr "Strikt datumsortering"
+
+#: gitk:3702
+msgid "Mark branch sides"
+msgstr "Markera sidogrenar"
+
+#: gitk:3703
+msgid "Limit to first parent"
+msgstr "Begränsa till första förälder"
+
+#: gitk:3704
+msgid "Simple history"
+msgstr "Enkel historik"
+
+#: gitk:3705
+msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
+msgstr "Ytterligare argument till git log:"
+
+#: gitk:3706
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Ange filer och kataloger att ta med, en per rad:"
 
-#: gitk:3293
+#: gitk:3707
+msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
+msgstr "Kommando för att generera fler incheckningar att ta med:"
+
+#: gitk:3829
+msgid "Gitk: edit view"
+msgstr "Gitk: redigera vy"
+
+#: gitk:3837
+msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
+msgstr " - kriterier för val av revisioner"
+
+#: gitk:3842
+msgid "View Name:"
+msgstr "Namn på vy:"
+
+#: gitk:3917
+msgid "Apply (F5)"
+msgstr "Använd (F5)"
+
+#: gitk:3955
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Fel i argument för val av incheckningar:"
 
-#: gitk:3347 gitk:3399 gitk:3842 gitk:3856 gitk:5060 gitk:10141 gitk:10142
+#: gitk:4008 gitk:4060 gitk:4508 gitk:4522 gitk:5783 gitk:11196 gitk:11197
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Inget"
 
-#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580 gitk:7287 gitk:7302
+#: gitk:4456 gitk:6303 gitk:8065 gitk:8080
 msgid "Date"
 msgstr "Datum"
 
-#: gitk:3790 gitk:5580
+#: gitk:4456 gitk:6303
 msgid "CDate"
 msgstr "Skapat datum"
 
-#: gitk:3939 gitk:3944
+#: gitk:4605 gitk:4610
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:3940
+#: gitk:4606
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Inte avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:3947 gitk:3952
+#: gitk:4613 gitk:4618
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Förfader"
 
-#: gitk:3948
+#: gitk:4614
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Inte förfader"
 
-#: gitk:4187
+#: gitk:4904
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar sparade i indexet men inte incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:4220
+#: gitk:4940
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar, ej sparade i indexet"
 
-#: gitk:5549
-msgid "Searching"
-msgstr "Söker"
+#: gitk:6621
+msgid "many"
+msgstr "många"
 
-#: gitk:6049
+#: gitk:6805
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:6066 gitk:6072 gitk:7280
+#: gitk:6822 gitk:6828 gitk:8058
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Förälder"
 
-#: gitk:6077
+#: gitk:6833
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:6086
+#: gitk:6842
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Gren"
 
-#: gitk:6089
+#: gitk:6845
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Följer"
 
-#: gitk:6092
+#: gitk:6848
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Föregår"
 
-#: gitk:6378
-msgid "Error getting merge diffs:"
-msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av sammanslagningsdiff:"
+#: gitk:7346
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
+msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av diff: %s"
 
-#: gitk:7113
+#: gitk:7886
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "GÃ¥ till:"
 
-#: gitk:7115
+#: gitk:7888
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1-id:"
 
-#: gitk:7134
+#: gitk:7907
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Förkortat SHA1-id %s är tvetydigt"
 
-#: gitk:7146
+#: gitk:7914
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Revision %s is not known"
+msgstr "Revisionen %s är inte känd"
+
+#: gitk:7924
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA-id:t %s är inte känt"
 
-#: gitk:7148
+#: gitk:7926
 #, tcl-format
-msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
-msgstr "Tagg/huvud %s är okänt"
+msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
+msgstr "Revisionen %s finns inte i den nuvarande vyn"
 
-#: gitk:7290
+#: gitk:8068
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:7347
+#: gitk:8125
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ grenen %s hit"
 
-#: gitk:7349
+#: gitk:8127
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Frånkopplad head: kan inte återställa"
 
-#: gitk:7381
+#: gitk:8236 gitk:8242
+msgid "Skipping merge commit "
+msgstr "Hoppar över sammanslagningsincheckning "
+
+#: gitk:8251 gitk:8256
+msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
+msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av patch-id för "
+
+#: gitk:8252 gitk:8257
+msgid " - stopping\n"
+msgstr " - stannar\n"
+
+#: gitk:8262 gitk:8265 gitk:8273 gitk:8283 gitk:8292
+msgid "Commit "
+msgstr "Incheckning "
+
+#: gitk:8266
+msgid ""
+" is the same patch as\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" är samma patch som\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8274
+msgid ""
+" differs from\n"
+"       "
+msgstr ""
+" skiljer sig från\n"
+"       "
+
+#: gitk:8276
+msgid "- stopping\n"
+msgstr "- stannar\n"
+
+#: gitk:8284 gitk:8293
+#, tcl-format
+msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
+msgstr " har %s barn - stannar\n"
+
+#: gitk:8324
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Topp"
 
-#: gitk:7382
+#: gitk:8325
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Från"
 
-#: gitk:7387
+#: gitk:8330
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "Till"
 
-#: gitk:7410
+#: gitk:8354
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Generera patch"
 
-#: gitk:7412
+#: gitk:8356
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:7421
+#: gitk:8365
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:7430
+#: gitk:8374
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Vänd"
 
-#: gitk:7432 gitk:7607
+#: gitk:8376 gitk:8561
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Utdatafil:"
 
-#: gitk:7438
+#: gitk:8382
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Generera"
 
-#: gitk:7474
+#: gitk:8420
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Fel vid generering av patch:"
 
-#: gitk:7496 gitk:7595 gitk:7649
+#: gitk:8443 gitk:8549 gitk:8606
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "Id:"
 
-#: gitk:7505
+#: gitk:8452
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Taggnamn:"
 
-#: gitk:7509 gitk:7659
+#: gitk:8456 gitk:8615
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Skapa"
 
-#: gitk:7524
+#: gitk:8473
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Inget taggnamn angavs"
 
-#: gitk:7528
+#: gitk:8477
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
 
-#: gitk:7534
+#: gitk:8483
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av tagg:"
 
-#: gitk:7604
+#: gitk:8558
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:7612
+#: gitk:8566
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Skriv"
 
-#: gitk:7628
+#: gitk:8584
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning:"
 
-#: gitk:7654
+#: gitk:8611
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Namn:"
 
-#: gitk:7674
+#: gitk:8634
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Ange ett namn för den nya grenen"
 
-#: gitk:7703
+#: gitk:8639
+#, tcl-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan. Skriva över?"
+
+#: gitk:8705
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen %s finns redan på grenen %s -- skall den verkligen appliceras "
 "på nytt?"
 
-#: gitk:7708
+#: gitk:8710
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Plockar"
 
-#: gitk:7720
+#: gitk:8719
+#, tcl-format
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
+"Please commit, reset or stash your changes and try again."
+msgstr ""
+"Cherry-pick misslyckades på grund av lokala ändringar i filen \"%s\".\n"
+"Checka in, återställ eller spara undan (stash) dina ändringar och försök "
+"igen."
+
+#: gitk:8725
+msgid ""
+"Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
+"Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
+msgstr ""
+"Cherry-pick misslyckades på grund av en sammanslagningskonflikt.\n"
+"Vill du köra git citool för att lösa den?"
+
+#: gitk:8741
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:7745
+#: gitk:8767
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Bekräfta återställning"
 
-#: gitk:7747
+#: gitk:8769
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Återställa grenen %s till %s?"
 
-#: gitk:7751
+#: gitk:8773
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Typ av återställning:"
 
-#: gitk:7755
+#: gitk:8777
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Mjuk: Rör inte utcheckning och index"
 
-#: gitk:7758
+#: gitk:8780
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Blandad: Rör inte utcheckning, återställ index"
 
-#: gitk:7761
+#: gitk:8783
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -732,19 +1014,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Hård: Återställ utcheckning och index\n"
 "(förkastar ALLA lokala ändringar)"
 
-#: gitk:7777
+#: gitk:8800
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Återställer"
 
-#: gitk:7834
+#: gitk:8857
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Checkar ut"
 
-#: gitk:7885
+#: gitk:8910
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort den just nu utcheckade grenen"
 
-#: gitk:7891
+#: gitk:8916
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -753,16 +1035,16 @@ msgstr ""
 "Incheckningarna på grenen %s existerar inte på någon annan gren.\n"
 "Vill du verkligen ta bort grenen %s?"
 
-#: gitk:7922
+#: gitk:8947
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Taggar och huvuden: %s"
 
-#: gitk:7936
+#: gitk:8962
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filter"
 
-#: gitk:8230
+#: gitk:9257
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -770,129 +1052,161 @@ msgstr ""
 "Fel vid läsning av information om incheckningstopologi; information om "
 "grenar och föregående/senare taggar kommer inte vara komplett."
 
-#: gitk:9216
+#: gitk:10243
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Tagg"
 
-#: gitk:9216
+#: gitk:10243
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:9262
+#: gitk:10291
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Teckensnittsväljare för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:9279
+#: gitk:10308
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:9282
+#: gitk:10311
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:9375
+#: gitk:10407
 msgid "Gitk preferences"
 msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:9376
+#: gitk:10409
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningslistvy"
 
-#: gitk:9379
+#: gitk:10412
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (rader)"
 
-#: gitk:9383
+#: gitk:10416
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (% av ruta)"
 
-#: gitk:9388
+#: gitk:10420
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Visa lokala ändringar"
 
-#: gitk:9393
+#: gitk:10423
 msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
 msgstr "Välj SHA1 automatiskt"
 
-#: gitk:9398
+#: gitk:10427
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för diffvy"
 
-#: gitk:9400
+#: gitk:10429
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Blanksteg för tabulatortecken"
 
-#: gitk:9404
+#: gitk:10432
 msgid "Display nearby tags"
 msgstr "Visa närliggande taggar"
 
-#: gitk:9409
+#: gitk:10435
+msgid "Hide remote refs"
+msgstr "Dölj fjärr-referenser"
+
+#: gitk:10438
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Begränsa diff till listade sökvägar"
 
-#: gitk:9414
+#: gitk:10441
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Stöd för filspecifika teckenkodningar"
 
-#: gitk:9421
+#: gitk:10447 gitk:10512
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg"
 
-#: gitk:9423
+#: gitk:10449
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Välj..."
 
-#: gitk:9428
+#: gitk:10454
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Färger: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:9431
+#: gitk:10457
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:9435
+#: gitk:10458 gitk:10488
+msgid "background"
+msgstr "bakgrund"
+
+#: gitk:10461
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:9439
+#: gitk:10462
+msgid "foreground"
+msgstr "förgrund"
+
+#: gitk:10465
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:9444
+#: gitk:10466
+msgid "diff old lines"
+msgstr "diff gamla rader"
+
+#: gitk:10470
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:9449
+#: gitk:10471
+msgid "diff new lines"
+msgstr "diff nya rader"
+
+#: gitk:10475
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:9455
+#: gitk:10477
+msgid "diff hunk header"
+msgstr "diff delhuvud"
+
+#: gitk:10481
+msgid "Marked line bg"
+msgstr "Markerad rad bakgrund"
+
+#: gitk:10483
+msgid "marked line background"
+msgstr "markerad rad bakgrund"
+
+#: gitk:10487
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Markerad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:9459
+#: gitk:10491
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:9461
+#: gitk:10493
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
 
-#: gitk:9462
+#: gitk:10494
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för diffvisning"
 
-#: gitk:9463
+#: gitk:10495
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för användargränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:9488
+#: gitk:10522
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: välj färg för %s"
 
-#: gitk:9934
+#: gitk:10973
 msgid ""
 "Sorry, gitk cannot run with this version of Tcl/Tk.\n"
 " Gitk requires at least Tcl/Tk 8.4."
@@ -900,24 +1214,33 @@ msgstr ""
 "Gitk kan tyvärr inte köra med denna version av Tcl/Tk.\n"
 " Gitk kräver åtminstone Tcl/Tk 8.4."
 
-#: gitk:10047
+#: gitk:11101
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Hittar inget gitk-arkiv här."
 
-#: gitk:10051
+#: gitk:11105
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
 msgstr "Hittar inte git-katalogen \"%s\"."
 
-#: gitk:10098
+#: gitk:11152
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Tvetydigt argument \"%s\": både revision och filnamn"
 
-#: gitk:10110
+#: gitk:11164
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Felaktiga argument till gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:10170
+#: gitk:11249
 msgid "Command line"
 msgstr "Kommandorad"
+
+#~ msgid "Tag/Head %s is not known"
+#~ msgstr "Tagg/huvud %s är okänt"
+
+#~ msgid "/\t\tMove to next find hit, or redo find"
+#~ msgstr "/\t\tGå till nästa sökträff, eller sök på nytt"
+
+#~ msgid "Name"
+#~ msgstr "Namn"
diff --git a/gitweb/INSTALL b/gitweb/INSTALL
index 18c9ce35e..b76a0cfff 100644
--- a/gitweb/INSTALL
+++ b/gitweb/INSTALL
@@ -123,6 +123,15 @@ GITWEB_CONFIG file:
 	$feature{'snapshot'}{'default'} = ['zip', 'tgz'];
 	$feature{'snapshot'}{'override'} = 1;
 
+If you allow overriding for the snapshot feature, you can specify which
+snapshot formats are globally disabled. You can also add any command line
+options you want (such as setting the compression level). For instance,
+you can disable Zip compressed snapshots and set GZip to run at level 6 by
+adding the following lines to your $GITWEB_CONFIG:
+
+	$known_snapshot_formats{'zip'}{'disabled'} = 1;
+	$known_snapshot_formats{'tgz'}{'compressor'} = ['gzip','-6'];
+
 
 Gitweb repositories
 -------------------
diff --git a/gitweb/README b/gitweb/README
index 825162a0b..e34ee793e 100644
--- a/gitweb/README
+++ b/gitweb/README
@@ -92,6 +92,11 @@ You can specify the following configuration variables when building GIT:
    web browsers that support favicons (website icons) may display them
    in the browser's URL bar and next to site name in bookmarks).  Relative
    to base URI of gitweb.  [Default: git-favicon.png]
+ * GITWEB_JS
+   Points to the localtion where you put gitweb.js on your web server
+   (or to be more generic URI of JavaScript code used by gitweb).
+   Relative to base URI of gitweb.  [Default: gitweb.js (or gitweb.min.js
+   if JSMIN build variable is defined / JavaScript minifier is used)]
  * GITWEB_CONFIG
    This Perl file will be loaded using 'do' and can be used to override any
    of the options above as well as some other options -- see the "Runtime
@@ -162,14 +167,18 @@ not include variables usually directly set during build):
    $GITWEB_LIST during installation.  If empty, $projectroot is used
    to scan for repositories.
  * $my_url, $my_uri
-   URL and absolute URL of gitweb script; you might need to set those
-   variables if you are using 'pathinfo' feature: see also below.
+   Full URL and absolute URL of gitweb script;
+   in earlier versions of gitweb you might have need to set those
+   variables, now there should be no need to do it.
+ * $base_url
+   Base URL for relative URLs in pages generated by gitweb,
+   (e.g. $logo, $favicon, @stylesheets if they are relative URLs),
+   needed and used only for URLs with nonempty PATH_INFO via
+   <base href="$base_url>.  Usually gitweb sets its value correctly,
+   and there is no need to set this variable, e.g. to $my_uri or "/".
  * $home_link
    Target of the home link on top of all pages (the first part of view
-   "breadcrumbs").  By default set to absolute URI of a page; you might
-   need to set it up to [base] gitweb URI if you use 'pathinfo' feature
-   (alternative format of the URLs, with project name embedded directly
-   in the path part of URL).
+   "breadcrumbs").  By default set to absolute URI of a page ($my_uri).
  * @stylesheets
    List of URIs of stylesheets (relative to base URI of a page). You
    might specify more than one stylesheet, for example use gitweb.css
@@ -208,12 +217,17 @@ not include variables usually directly set during build):
  * $fallback_encoding
    Gitweb assumes this charset if line contains non-UTF-8 characters.
    Fallback decoding is used without error checking, so it can be even
-   'utf-8'. Value mist be valid encodig; see Encoding::Supported(3pm) man
+   'utf-8'. Value must be valid encoding; see Encoding::Supported(3pm) man
    page for a list.   By default 'latin1', aka. 'iso-8859-1'.
  * @diff_opts
    Rename detection options for git-diff and git-diff-tree. By default
    ('-M'); set it to ('-C') or ('-C', '-C') to also detect copies, or
    set it to () if you don't want to have renames detection.
+ * $prevent_xss
+   If true, some gitweb features are disabled to prevent content in
+   repositories from launching cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.  Set this
+   to true if you don't trust the content of your repositories. The default
+   is false.
 
 
 Projects list file format
@@ -260,7 +274,9 @@ You can use the following files in repository:
    A .html file (HTML fragment) which is included on the gitweb project
    summary page inside <div> block element. You can use it for longer
    description of a project, to provide links (for example to project's
-   homepage), etc.
+   homepage), etc. This is recognized only if XSS prevention is off
+   ($prevent_xss is false); a way to include a readme safely when XSS
+   prevention is on may be worked out in the future.
  * description (or gitweb.description)
    Short (shortened by default to 25 characters in the projects list page)
    single line description of a project (of a repository). Plain text file;
@@ -322,6 +338,90 @@ something like the following in your gitweb.conf (or gitweb_config.perl) file:
   $home_link = "/";
 
 
+PATH_INFO usage
+-----------------------
+If you enable PATH_INFO usage in gitweb by putting
+
+   $feature{'pathinfo'}{'default'} = [1];
+
+in your gitweb.conf, it is possible to set up your server so that it
+consumes and produces URLs in the form
+
+http://git.example.com/project.git/shortlog/sometag
+
+by using a configuration such as the following, that assumes that
+/var/www/gitweb is the DocumentRoot of your webserver, and that it
+contains the gitweb.cgi script and complementary static files
+(stylesheet, favicon):
+
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+	ServerAlias git.example.com
+
+	DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb
+
+	<Directory /var/www/gitweb>
+		Options ExecCGI
+		AddHandler cgi-script cgi
+
+		DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
+
+		RewriteEngine On
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+		RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT]
+	</Directory>
+</VirtualHost>
+
+The rewrite rule guarantees that existing static files will be properly
+served, whereas any other URL will be passed to gitweb as PATH_INFO
+parameter.
+
+Notice that in this case you don't need special settings for
+@stylesheets, $my_uri and $home_link, but you lose "dumb client" access
+to your project .git dirs. A possible workaround for the latter is the
+following: in your project root dir (e.g. /pub/git) have the projects
+named without a .git extension (e.g. /pub/git/project instead of
+/pub/git/project.git) and configure Apache as follows:
+
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+	ServerAlias git.example.com
+
+	DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb
+
+	AliasMatch ^(/.*?)(\.git)(/.*)?$ /pub/git$1$3
+	<Directory /var/www/gitweb>
+		Options ExecCGI
+		AddHandler cgi-script cgi
+
+		DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
+
+		RewriteEngine On
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+		RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT]
+	</Directory>
+</VirtualHost>
+
+The additional AliasMatch makes it so that
+
+http://git.example.com/project.git
+
+will give raw access to the project's git dir (so that the project can
+be cloned), while
+
+http://git.example.com/project
+
+will provide human-friendly gitweb access.
+
+This solution is not 100% bulletproof, in the sense that if some project
+has a named ref (branch, tag) starting with 'git/', then paths such as
+
+http://git.example.com/project/command/abranch..git/abranch
+
+will fail with a 404 error.
+
+
+
 Originally written by:
   Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
 
diff --git a/gitweb/git-favicon.png b/gitweb/git-favicon.png
index de637c060..aae35a70e 100644
--- a/gitweb/git-favicon.png
+++ b/gitweb/git-favicon.png
diff --git a/gitweb/git-logo.png b/gitweb/git-logo.png
index 16ae8d538..f4ede2e94 100644
--- a/gitweb/git-logo.png
+++ b/gitweb/git-logo.png
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.css b/gitweb/gitweb.css
index a01eac814..50067f2e0 100644
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.css
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.css
@@ -28,6 +28,14 @@ img.logo {
 	border-width: 0px;
 }
 
+img.avatar {
+	vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+a.list img.avatar {
+	border-style: none;
+}
+
 div.page_header {
 	height: 25px;
 	padding: 8px;
@@ -71,6 +79,13 @@ div.page_footer_text {
 	font-style: italic;
 }
 
+div#generating_info {
+	margin: 4px;
+	font-size: smaller;
+	text-align: center;
+	color: #505050;
+}
+
 div.page_body {
 	padding: 8px;
 	font-family: monospace;
@@ -132,11 +147,14 @@ div.list_head {
 	font-style: italic;
 }
 
+.author_date, .author {
+	font-style: italic;
+}
+
 div.author_date {
 	padding: 8px;
 	border: solid #d9d8d1;
 	border-width: 0px 0px 1px 0px;
-	font-style: italic;
 }
 
 a.list {
@@ -219,22 +237,35 @@ th {
 	text-align: left;
 }
 
-tr.light:hover {
-	background-color: #edece6;
-}
-
-tr.dark {
-	background-color: #f6f6f0;
+/* do not change row style on hover for 'blame' view */
+tr.light,
+table.blame .light:hover {
+	background-color: #ffffff;
 }
 
-tr.dark2 {
+tr.dark,
+table.blame .dark:hover {
 	background-color: #f6f6f0;
 }
 
+/* currently both use the same, but it can change */
+tr.light:hover,
 tr.dark:hover {
 	background-color: #edece6;
 }
 
+/* boundary commits in 'blame' view */
+/* and commits without "previous" */
+tr.boundary td.sha1,
+tr.no-previous td.linenr {
+	font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* for 'blame_incremental', during processing */
+tr.color1 { background-color: #f6fff6; }
+tr.color2 { background-color: #f6f6ff; }
+tr.color3 { background-color: #fff6f6; }
+
 td {
 	padding: 2px 5px;
 	font-size: 100%;
@@ -255,7 +286,7 @@ td.sha1 {
 	font-family: monospace;
 }
 
-td.error {
+.error {
 	color: red;
 	background-color: yellow;
 }
@@ -326,6 +357,23 @@ td.mode {
 	font-family: monospace;
 }
 
+/* progress of blame_interactive */
+div#progress_bar {
+	height: 2px;
+	margin-bottom: -2px;
+	background-color: #d8d9d0;
+}
+div#progress_info {
+	float: right;
+	text-align: right;
+}
+
+/* format of (optional) objects size in 'tree' view */
+td.size {
+	font-family: monospace;
+	text-align: right;
+}
+
 /* styling of diffs (patchsets): commitdiff and blobdiff views */
 div.diff.header,
 div.diff.extended_header {
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.js b/gitweb/gitweb.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2a25b7cc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.js
@@ -0,0 +1,870 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2007, Fredrik Kuivinen <frekui@gmail.com>
+//               2007, Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
+//          2008-2009, Jakub Narebski <jnareb@gmail.com>
+
+/**
+ * @fileOverview JavaScript code for gitweb (git web interface).
+ * @license GPLv2 or later
+ */
+
+/* ============================================================ */
+/* functions for generic gitweb actions and views */
+
+/**
+ * used to check if link has 'js' query parameter already (at end),
+ * and other reasons to not add 'js=1' param at the end of link
+ * @constant
+ */
+var jsExceptionsRe = /[;?]js=[01]$/;
+
+/**
+ * Add '?js=1' or ';js=1' to the end of every link in the document
+ * that doesn't have 'js' query parameter set already.
+ *
+ * Links with 'js=1' lead to JavaScript version of given action, if it
+ * exists (currently there is only 'blame_incremental' for 'blame')
+ *
+ * @globals jsExceptionsRe
+ */
+function fixLinks() {
+	var allLinks = document.getElementsByTagName("a") || document.links;
+	for (var i = 0, len = allLinks.length; i < len; i++) {
+		var link = allLinks[i];
+		if (!jsExceptionsRe.test(link)) { // =~ /[;?]js=[01]$/;
+			link.href +=
+				(link.href.indexOf('?') === -1 ? '?' : ';') + 'js=1';
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+/* ============================================================ */
+
+/*
+ * This code uses DOM methods instead of (nonstandard) innerHTML
+ * to modify page.
+ *
+ * innerHTML is non-standard IE extension, though supported by most
+ * browsers; however Firefox up to version 1.5 didn't implement it in
+ * a strict mode (application/xml+xhtml mimetype).
+ *
+ * Also my simple benchmarks show that using elem.firstChild.data =
+ * 'content' is slightly faster than elem.innerHTML = 'content'.  It
+ * is however more fragile (text element fragment must exists), and
+ * less feature-rich (we cannot add HTML).
+ *
+ * Note that DOM 2 HTML is preferred over generic DOM 2 Core; the
+ * equivalent using DOM 2 Core is usually shown in comments.
+ */
+
+
+/* ============================================================ */
+/* generic utility functions */
+
+
+/**
+ * pad number N with nonbreakable spaces on the left, to WIDTH characters
+ * example: padLeftStr(12, 3, '\u00A0') == '\u00A012'
+ *          ('\u00A0' is nonbreakable space)
+ *
+ * @param {Number|String} input: number to pad
+ * @param {Number} width: visible width of output
+ * @param {String} str: string to prefix to string, e.g. '\u00A0'
+ * @returns {String} INPUT prefixed with (WIDTH - INPUT.length) x STR
+ */
+function padLeftStr(input, width, str) {
+	var prefix = '';
+
+	width -= input.toString().length;
+	while (width > 0) {
+		prefix += str;
+		width--;
+	}
+	return prefix + input;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Pad INPUT on the left to SIZE width, using given padding character CH,
+ * for example padLeft('a', 3, '_') is '__a'.
+ *
+ * @param {String} input: input value converted to string.
+ * @param {Number} width: desired length of output.
+ * @param {String} ch: single character to prefix to string.
+ *
+ * @returns {String} Modified string, at least SIZE length.
+ */
+function padLeft(input, width, ch) {
+	var s = input + "";
+	while (s.length < width) {
+		s = ch + s;
+	}
+	return s;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create XMLHttpRequest object in cross-browser way
+ * @returns XMLHttpRequest object, or null
+ */
+function createRequestObject() {
+	try {
+		return new XMLHttpRequest();
+	} catch (e) {}
+	try {
+		return window.createRequest();
+	} catch (e) {}
+	try {
+		return new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
+	} catch (e) {}
+	try {
+		return new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
+	} catch (e) {}
+
+	return null;
+}
+
+
+/* ============================================================ */
+/* utility/helper functions (and variables) */
+
+var xhr;        // XMLHttpRequest object
+var projectUrl; // partial query + separator ('?' or ';')
+
+// 'commits' is an associative map. It maps SHA1s to Commit objects.
+var commits = {};
+
+/**
+ * constructor for Commit objects, used in 'blame'
+ * @class Represents a blamed commit
+ * @param {String} sha1: SHA-1 identifier of a commit
+ */
+function Commit(sha1) {
+	if (this instanceof Commit) {
+		this.sha1 = sha1;
+		this.nprevious = 0; /* number of 'previous', effective parents */
+	} else {
+		return new Commit(sha1);
+	}
+}
+
+/* ............................................................ */
+/* progress info, timing, error reporting */
+
+var blamedLines = 0;
+var totalLines  = '???';
+var div_progress_bar;
+var div_progress_info;
+
+/**
+ * Detects how many lines does a blamed file have,
+ * This information is used in progress info
+ *
+ * @returns {Number|String} Number of lines in file, or string '...'
+ */
+function countLines() {
+	var table =
+		document.getElementById('blame_table') ||
+		document.getElementsByTagName('table')[0];
+
+	if (table) {
+		return table.getElementsByTagName('tr').length - 1; // for header
+	} else {
+		return '...';
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * update progress info and length (width) of progress bar
+ *
+ * @globals div_progress_info, div_progress_bar, blamedLines, totalLines
+ */
+function updateProgressInfo() {
+	if (!div_progress_info) {
+		div_progress_info = document.getElementById('progress_info');
+	}
+	if (!div_progress_bar) {
+		div_progress_bar = document.getElementById('progress_bar');
+	}
+	if (!div_progress_info && !div_progress_bar) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	var percentage = Math.floor(100.0*blamedLines/totalLines);
+
+	if (div_progress_info) {
+		div_progress_info.firstChild.data  = blamedLines + ' / ' + totalLines +
+			' (' + padLeftStr(percentage, 3, '\u00A0') + '%)';
+	}
+
+	if (div_progress_bar) {
+		//div_progress_bar.setAttribute('style', 'width: '+percentage+'%;');
+		div_progress_bar.style.width = percentage + '%';
+	}
+}
+
+
+var t_interval_server = '';
+var cmds_server = '';
+var t0 = new Date();
+
+/**
+ * write how much it took to generate data, and to run script
+ *
+ * @globals t0, t_interval_server, cmds_server
+ */
+function writeTimeInterval() {
+	var info_time = document.getElementById('generating_time');
+	if (!info_time || !t_interval_server) {
+		return;
+	}
+	var t1 = new Date();
+	info_time.firstChild.data += ' + (' +
+		t_interval_server + ' sec server blame_data / ' +
+		(t1.getTime() - t0.getTime())/1000 + ' sec client JavaScript)';
+
+	var info_cmds = document.getElementById('generating_cmd');
+	if (!info_time || !cmds_server) {
+		return;
+	}
+	info_cmds.firstChild.data += ' + ' + cmds_server;
+}
+
+/**
+ * show an error message alert to user within page (in prohress info area)
+ * @param {String} str: plain text error message (no HTML)
+ *
+ * @globals div_progress_info
+ */
+function errorInfo(str) {
+	if (!div_progress_info) {
+		div_progress_info = document.getElementById('progress_info');
+	}
+	if (div_progress_info) {
+		div_progress_info.className = 'error';
+		div_progress_info.firstChild.data = str;
+	}
+}
+
+/* ............................................................ */
+/* coloring rows during blame_data (git blame --incremental) run */
+
+/**
+ * used to extract N from 'colorN', where N is a number,
+ * @constant
+ */
+var colorRe = /\bcolor([0-9]*)\b/;
+
+/**
+ * return N if <tr class="colorN">, otherwise return null
+ * (some browsers require CSS class names to begin with letter)
+ *
+ * @param {HTMLElement} tr: table row element to check
+ * @param {String} tr.className: 'class' attribute of tr element
+ * @returns {Number|null} N if tr.className == 'colorN', otherwise null
+ *
+ * @globals colorRe
+ */
+function getColorNo(tr) {
+	if (!tr) {
+		return null;
+	}
+	var className = tr.className;
+	if (className) {
+		var match = colorRe.exec(className);
+		if (match) {
+			return parseInt(match[1], 10);
+		}
+	}
+	return null;
+}
+
+var colorsFreq = [0, 0, 0];
+/**
+ * return one of given possible colors (curently least used one)
+ * example: chooseColorNoFrom(2, 3) returns 2 or 3
+ *
+ * @param {Number[]} arguments: one or more numbers
+ *        assumes that  1 <= arguments[i] <= colorsFreq.length
+ * @returns {Number} Least used color number from arguments
+ * @globals colorsFreq
+ */
+function chooseColorNoFrom() {
+	// choose the color which is least used
+	var colorNo = arguments[0];
+	for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+		if (colorsFreq[arguments[i]-1] < colorsFreq[colorNo-1]) {
+			colorNo = arguments[i];
+		}
+	}
+	colorsFreq[colorNo-1]++;
+	return colorNo;
+}
+
+/**
+ * given two neigbour <tr> elements, find color which would be different
+ * from color of both of neighbours; used to 3-color blame table
+ *
+ * @param {HTMLElement} tr_prev
+ * @param {HTMLElement} tr_next
+ * @returns {Number} color number N such that
+ * colorN != tr_prev.className && colorN != tr_next.className
+ */
+function findColorNo(tr_prev, tr_next) {
+	var color_prev = getColorNo(tr_prev);
+	var color_next = getColorNo(tr_next);
+
+
+	// neither of neighbours has color set
+	// THEN we can use any of 3 possible colors
+	if (!color_prev && !color_next) {
+		return chooseColorNoFrom(1,2,3);
+	}
+
+	// either both neighbours have the same color,
+	// or only one of neighbours have color set
+	// THEN we can use any color except given
+	var color;
+	if (color_prev === color_next) {
+		color = color_prev; // = color_next;
+	} else if (!color_prev) {
+		color = color_next;
+	} else if (!color_next) {
+		color = color_prev;
+	}
+	if (color) {
+		return chooseColorNoFrom((color % 3) + 1, ((color+1) % 3) + 1);
+	}
+
+	// neighbours have different colors
+	// THEN there is only one color left
+	return (3 - ((color_prev + color_next) % 3));
+}
+
+/* ............................................................ */
+/* coloring rows like 'blame' after 'blame_data' finishes */
+
+/**
+ * returns true if given row element (tr) is first in commit group
+ * to be used only after 'blame_data' finishes (after processing)
+ *
+ * @param {HTMLElement} tr: table row
+ * @returns {Boolean} true if TR is first in commit group
+ */
+function isStartOfGroup(tr) {
+	return tr.firstChild.className === 'sha1';
+}
+
+/**
+ * change colors to use zebra coloring (2 colors) instead of 3 colors
+ * concatenate neighbour commit groups belonging to the same commit
+ *
+ * @globals colorRe
+ */
+function fixColorsAndGroups() {
+	var colorClasses = ['light', 'dark'];
+	var linenum = 1;
+	var tr, prev_group;
+	var colorClass = 0;
+	var table =
+		document.getElementById('blame_table') ||
+		document.getElementsByTagName('table')[0];
+
+	while ((tr = document.getElementById('l'+linenum))) {
+	// index origin is 0, which is table header; start from 1
+	//while ((tr = table.rows[linenum])) { // <- it is slower
+		if (isStartOfGroup(tr, linenum, document)) {
+			if (prev_group &&
+			    prev_group.firstChild.firstChild.href ===
+			            tr.firstChild.firstChild.href) {
+				// we have to concatenate groups
+				var prev_rows = prev_group.firstChild.rowSpan || 1;
+				var curr_rows =         tr.firstChild.rowSpan || 1;
+				prev_group.firstChild.rowSpan = prev_rows + curr_rows;
+				//tr.removeChild(tr.firstChild);
+				tr.deleteCell(0); // DOM2 HTML way
+			} else {
+				colorClass = (colorClass + 1) % 2;
+				prev_group = tr;
+			}
+		}
+		var tr_class = tr.className;
+		tr.className = tr_class.replace(colorRe, colorClasses[colorClass]);
+		linenum++;
+	}
+}
+
+/* ............................................................ */
+/* time and data */
+
+/**
+ * used to extract hours and minutes from timezone info, e.g '-0900'
+ * @constant
+ */
+var tzRe = /^([+-][0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9])$/;
+
+/**
+ * return date in local time formatted in iso-8601 like format
+ * 'yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS +/-ZZZZ' e.g. '2005-08-07 21:49:46 +0200'
+ *
+ * @param {Number} epoch: seconds since '00:00:00 1970-01-01 UTC'
+ * @param {String} timezoneInfo: numeric timezone '(+|-)HHMM'
+ * @returns {String} date in local time in iso-8601 like format
+ *
+ * @globals tzRe
+ */
+function formatDateISOLocal(epoch, timezoneInfo) {
+	var match = tzRe.exec(timezoneInfo);
+	// date corrected by timezone
+	var localDate = new Date(1000 * (epoch +
+		(parseInt(match[1],10)*3600 + parseInt(match[2],10)*60)));
+	var localDateStr = // e.g. '2005-08-07'
+		localDate.getUTCFullYear()                 + '-' +
+		padLeft(localDate.getUTCMonth()+1, 2, '0') + '-' +
+		padLeft(localDate.getUTCDate(),    2, '0');
+	var localTimeStr = // e.g. '21:49:46'
+		padLeft(localDate.getUTCHours(),   2, '0') + ':' +
+		padLeft(localDate.getUTCMinutes(), 2, '0') + ':' +
+		padLeft(localDate.getUTCSeconds(), 2, '0');
+
+	return localDateStr + ' ' + localTimeStr + ' ' + timezoneInfo;
+}
+
+/* ............................................................ */
+/* unquoting/unescaping filenames */
+
+/**#@+
+ * @constant
+ */
+var escCodeRe = /\\([^0-7]|[0-7]{1,3})/g;
+var octEscRe = /^[0-7]{1,3}$/;
+var maybeQuotedRe = /^\"(.*)\"$/;
+/**#@-*/
+
+/**
+ * unquote maybe git-quoted filename
+ * e.g. 'aa' -> 'aa', '"a\ta"' -> 'a	a'
+ *
+ * @param {String} str: git-quoted string
+ * @returns {String} Unquoted and unescaped string
+ *
+ * @globals escCodeRe, octEscRe, maybeQuotedRe
+ */
+function unquote(str) {
+	function unq(seq) {
+		var es = {
+			// character escape codes, aka escape sequences (from C)
+			// replacements are to some extent JavaScript specific
+			t: "\t",   // tab            (HT, TAB)
+			n: "\n",   // newline        (NL)
+			r: "\r",   // return         (CR)
+			f: "\f",   // form feed      (FF)
+			b: "\b",   // backspace      (BS)
+			a: "\x07", // alarm (bell)   (BEL)
+			e: "\x1B", // escape         (ESC)
+			v: "\v"    // vertical tab   (VT)
+		};
+
+		if (seq.search(octEscRe) !== -1) {
+			// octal char sequence
+			return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(seq, 8));
+		} else if (seq in es) {
+			// C escape sequence, aka character escape code
+			return es[seq];
+		}
+		// quoted ordinary character
+		return seq;
+	}
+
+	var match = str.match(maybeQuotedRe);
+	if (match) {
+		str = match[1];
+		// perhaps str = eval('"'+str+'"'); would be enough?
+		str = str.replace(escCodeRe,
+			function (substr, p1, offset, s) { return unq(p1); });
+	}
+	return str;
+}
+
+/* ============================================================ */
+/* main part: parsing response */
+
+/**
+ * Function called for each blame entry, as soon as it finishes.
+ * It updates page via DOM manipulation, adding sha1 info, etc.
+ *
+ * @param {Commit} commit: blamed commit
+ * @param {Object} group: object representing group of lines,
+ *                        which blame the same commit (blame entry)
+ *
+ * @globals blamedLines
+ */
+function handleLine(commit, group) {
+	/*
+	   This is the structure of the HTML fragment we are working
+	   with:
+
+	   <tr id="l123" class="">
+	     <td class="sha1" title=""><a href=""> </a></td>
+	     <td class="linenr"><a class="linenr" href="">123</a></td>
+	     <td class="pre"># times (my ext3 doesn&#39;t).</td>
+	   </tr>
+	*/
+
+	var resline = group.resline;
+
+	// format date and time string only once per commit
+	if (!commit.info) {
+		/* e.g. 'Kay Sievers, 2005-08-07 21:49:46 +0200' */
+		commit.info = commit.author + ', ' +
+			formatDateISOLocal(commit.authorTime, commit.authorTimezone);
+	}
+
+	// color depends on group of lines, not only on blamed commit
+	var colorNo = findColorNo(
+		document.getElementById('l'+(resline-1)),
+		document.getElementById('l'+(resline+group.numlines))
+	);
+
+	// loop over lines in commit group
+	for (var i = 0; i < group.numlines; i++, resline++) {
+		var tr = document.getElementById('l'+resline);
+		if (!tr) {
+			break;
+		}
+		/*
+			<tr id="l123" class="">
+			  <td class="sha1" title=""><a href=""> </a></td>
+			  <td class="linenr"><a class="linenr" href="">123</a></td>
+			  <td class="pre"># times (my ext3 doesn&#39;t).</td>
+			</tr>
+		*/
+		var td_sha1  = tr.firstChild;
+		var a_sha1   = td_sha1.firstChild;
+		var a_linenr = td_sha1.nextSibling.firstChild;
+
+		/* <tr id="l123" class=""> */
+		var tr_class = '';
+		if (colorNo !== null) {
+			tr_class = 'color'+colorNo;
+		}
+		if (commit.boundary) {
+			tr_class += ' boundary';
+		}
+		if (commit.nprevious === 0) {
+			tr_class += ' no-previous';
+		} else if (commit.nprevious > 1) {
+			tr_class += ' multiple-previous';
+		}
+		tr.className = tr_class;
+
+		/* <td class="sha1" title="?" rowspan="?"><a href="?">?</a></td> */
+		if (i === 0) {
+			td_sha1.title = commit.info;
+			td_sha1.rowSpan = group.numlines;
+
+			a_sha1.href = projectUrl + 'a=commit;h=' + commit.sha1;
+			if (a_sha1.firstChild) {
+				a_sha1.firstChild.data = commit.sha1.substr(0, 8);
+			} else {
+				a_sha1.appendChild(
+					document.createTextNode(commit.sha1.substr(0, 8)));
+			}
+			if (group.numlines >= 2) {
+				var fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
+				var br   = document.createElement("br");
+				var match = commit.author.match(/\b([A-Z])\B/g);
+				if (match) {
+					var text = document.createTextNode(
+							match.join(''));
+				}
+				if (br && text) {
+					var elem = fragment || td_sha1;
+					elem.appendChild(br);
+					elem.appendChild(text);
+					if (fragment) {
+						td_sha1.appendChild(fragment);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			//tr.removeChild(td_sha1); // DOM2 Core way
+			tr.deleteCell(0); // DOM2 HTML way
+		}
+
+		/* <td class="linenr"><a class="linenr" href="?">123</a></td> */
+		var linenr_commit =
+			('previous' in commit ? commit.previous : commit.sha1);
+		var linenr_filename =
+			('file_parent' in commit ? commit.file_parent : commit.filename);
+		a_linenr.href = projectUrl + 'a=blame_incremental' +
+			';hb=' + linenr_commit +
+			';f='  + encodeURIComponent(linenr_filename) +
+			'#l' + (group.srcline + i);
+
+		blamedLines++;
+
+		//updateProgressInfo();
+	}
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+var inProgress = false;   // are we processing response
+
+/**#@+
+ * @constant
+ */
+var sha1Re = /^([0-9a-f]{40}) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+)/;
+var infoRe = /^([a-z-]+) ?(.*)/;
+var endRe  = /^END ?([^ ]*) ?(.*)/;
+/**@-*/
+
+var curCommit = new Commit();
+var curGroup  = {};
+
+var pollTimer = null;
+
+/**
+ * Parse output from 'git blame --incremental [...]', received via
+ * XMLHttpRequest from server (blamedataUrl), and call handleLine
+ * (which updates page) as soon as blame entry is completed.
+ *
+ * @param {String[]} lines: new complete lines from blamedata server
+ *
+ * @globals commits, curCommit, curGroup, t_interval_server, cmds_server
+ * @globals sha1Re, infoRe, endRe
+ */
+function processBlameLines(lines) {
+	var match;
+
+	for (var i = 0, len = lines.length; i < len; i++) {
+
+		if ((match = sha1Re.exec(lines[i]))) {
+			var sha1 = match[1];
+			var srcline  = parseInt(match[2], 10);
+			var resline  = parseInt(match[3], 10);
+			var numlines = parseInt(match[4], 10);
+
+			var c = commits[sha1];
+			if (!c) {
+				c = new Commit(sha1);
+				commits[sha1] = c;
+			}
+			curCommit = c;
+
+			curGroup.srcline = srcline;
+			curGroup.resline = resline;
+			curGroup.numlines = numlines;
+
+		} else if ((match = infoRe.exec(lines[i]))) {
+			var info = match[1];
+			var data = match[2];
+			switch (info) {
+			case 'filename':
+				curCommit.filename = unquote(data);
+				// 'filename' information terminates the entry
+				handleLine(curCommit, curGroup);
+				updateProgressInfo();
+				break;
+			case 'author':
+				curCommit.author = data;
+				break;
+			case 'author-time':
+				curCommit.authorTime = parseInt(data, 10);
+				break;
+			case 'author-tz':
+				curCommit.authorTimezone = data;
+				break;
+			case 'previous':
+				curCommit.nprevious++;
+				// store only first 'previous' header
+				if (!'previous' in curCommit) {
+					var parts = data.split(' ', 2);
+					curCommit.previous    = parts[0];
+					curCommit.file_parent = unquote(parts[1]);
+				}
+				break;
+			case 'boundary':
+				curCommit.boundary = true;
+				break;
+			} // end switch
+
+		} else if ((match = endRe.exec(lines[i]))) {
+			t_interval_server = match[1];
+			cmds_server = match[2];
+
+		} else if (lines[i] !== '') {
+			// malformed line
+
+		} // end if (match)
+
+	} // end for (lines)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process new data and return pointer to end of processed part
+ *
+ * @param {String} unprocessed: new data (from nextReadPos)
+ * @param {Number} nextReadPos: end of last processed data
+ * @return {Number} end of processed data (new value for nextReadPos)
+ */
+function processData(unprocessed, nextReadPos) {
+	var lastLineEnd = unprocessed.lastIndexOf('\n');
+	if (lastLineEnd !== -1) {
+		var lines = unprocessed.substring(0, lastLineEnd).split('\n');
+		nextReadPos += lastLineEnd + 1 /* 1 == '\n'.length */;
+
+		processBlameLines(lines);
+	} // end if
+
+	return nextReadPos;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Handle XMLHttpRequest errors
+ *
+ * @param {XMLHttpRequest} xhr: XMLHttpRequest object
+ *
+ * @globals pollTimer, commits, inProgress
+ */
+function handleError(xhr) {
+	errorInfo('Server error: ' +
+		xhr.status + ' - ' + (xhr.statusText || 'Error contacting server'));
+
+	clearInterval(pollTimer);
+	commits = {}; // free memory
+
+	inProgress = false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Called after XMLHttpRequest finishes (loads)
+ *
+ * @param {XMLHttpRequest} xhr: XMLHttpRequest object (unused)
+ *
+ * @globals pollTimer, commits, inProgress
+ */
+function responseLoaded(xhr) {
+	clearInterval(pollTimer);
+
+	fixColorsAndGroups();
+	writeTimeInterval();
+	commits = {}; // free memory
+
+	inProgress = false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * handler for XMLHttpRequest onreadystatechange event
+ * @see startBlame
+ *
+ * @globals xhr, inProgress
+ */
+function handleResponse() {
+
+	/*
+	 * xhr.readyState
+	 *
+	 *  Value  Constant (W3C)    Description
+	 *  -------------------------------------------------------------------
+	 *  0      UNSENT            open() has not been called yet.
+	 *  1      OPENED            send() has not been called yet.
+	 *  2      HEADERS_RECEIVED  send() has been called, and headers
+	 *                           and status are available.
+	 *  3      LOADING           Downloading; responseText holds partial data.
+	 *  4      DONE              The operation is complete.
+	 */
+
+	if (xhr.readyState !== 4 && xhr.readyState !== 3) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// the server returned error
+	if (xhr.readyState === 3 && xhr.status !== 200) {
+		return;
+	}
+	if (xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status !== 200) {
+		handleError(xhr);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// In konqueror xhr.responseText is sometimes null here...
+	if (xhr.responseText === null) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// in case we were called before finished processing
+	if (inProgress) {
+		return;
+	} else {
+		inProgress = true;
+	}
+
+	// extract new whole (complete) lines, and process them
+	while (xhr.prevDataLength !== xhr.responseText.length) {
+		if (xhr.readyState === 4 &&
+		    xhr.prevDataLength === xhr.responseText.length) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		xhr.prevDataLength = xhr.responseText.length;
+		var unprocessed = xhr.responseText.substring(xhr.nextReadPos);
+		xhr.nextReadPos = processData(unprocessed, xhr.nextReadPos);
+	} // end while
+
+	// did we finish work?
+	if (xhr.readyState === 4 &&
+	    xhr.prevDataLength === xhr.responseText.length) {
+		responseLoaded(xhr);
+	}
+
+	inProgress = false;
+}
+
+// ============================================================
+// ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Incrementally update line data in blame_incremental view in gitweb.
+ *
+ * @param {String} blamedataUrl: URL to server script generating blame data.
+ * @param {String} bUrl: partial URL to project, used to generate links.
+ *
+ * Called from 'blame_incremental' view after loading table with
+ * file contents, a base for blame view.
+ *
+ * @globals xhr, t0, projectUrl, div_progress_bar, totalLines, pollTimer
+*/
+function startBlame(blamedataUrl, bUrl) {
+
+	xhr = createRequestObject();
+	if (!xhr) {
+		errorInfo('ERROR: XMLHttpRequest not supported');
+		return;
+	}
+
+	t0 = new Date();
+	projectUrl = bUrl + (bUrl.indexOf('?') === -1 ? '?' : ';');
+	if ((div_progress_bar = document.getElementById('progress_bar'))) {
+		//div_progress_bar.setAttribute('style', 'width: 100%;');
+		div_progress_bar.style.cssText = 'width: 100%;';
+	}
+	totalLines = countLines();
+	updateProgressInfo();
+
+	/* add extra properties to xhr object to help processing response */
+	xhr.prevDataLength = -1;  // used to detect if we have new data
+	xhr.nextReadPos = 0;      // where unread part of response starts
+
+	xhr.onreadystatechange = handleResponse;
+	//xhr.onreadystatechange = function () { handleResponse(xhr); };
+
+	xhr.open('GET', blamedataUrl);
+	xhr.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'text/plain');
+	xhr.send(null);
+
+	// not all browsers call onreadystatechange event on each server flush
+	// poll response using timer every second to handle this issue
+	pollTimer = setInterval(xhr.onreadystatechange, 1000);
+}
+
+// end of gitweb.js
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.perl b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
index 933e13738..7e477af95 100755
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.perl
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ use File::Find qw();
 use File::Basename qw(basename);
 binmode STDOUT, ':utf8';
 
+our $t0;
+if (eval { require Time::HiRes; 1; }) {
+	$t0 = [Time::HiRes::gettimeofday()];
+}
+our $number_of_git_cmds = 0;
+
 BEGIN {
 	CGI->compile() if $ENV{'MOD_PERL'};
 }
@@ -27,13 +33,29 @@ our $version = "++GIT_VERSION++";
 our $my_url = $cgi->url();
 our $my_uri = $cgi->url(-absolute => 1);
 
-# if we're called with PATH_INFO, we have to strip that
-# from the URL to find our real URL
-# we make $path_info global because it's also used later on
+# Base URL for relative URLs in gitweb ($logo, $favicon, ...),
+# needed and used only for URLs with nonempty PATH_INFO
+our $base_url = $my_url;
+
+# When the script is used as DirectoryIndex, the URL does not contain the name
+# of the script file itself, and $cgi->url() fails to strip PATH_INFO, so we
+# have to do it ourselves. We make $path_info global because it's also used
+# later on.
+#
+# Another issue with the script being the DirectoryIndex is that the resulting
+# $my_url data is not the full script URL: this is good, because we want
+# generated links to keep implying the script name if it wasn't explicitly
+# indicated in the URL we're handling, but it means that $my_url cannot be used
+# as base URL.
+# Therefore, if we needed to strip PATH_INFO, then we know that we have
+# to build the base URL ourselves:
 our $path_info = $ENV{"PATH_INFO"};
 if ($path_info) {
-	$my_url =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,,;
-	$my_uri =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,,;
+	if ($my_url =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,, &&
+	    $my_uri =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,, &&
+	    defined $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'}) {
+		$base_url = $cgi->url(-base => 1) . $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'};
+	}
 }
 
 # core git executable to use
@@ -74,11 +96,13 @@ our $stylesheet = undef;
 our $logo = "++GITWEB_LOGO++";
 # URI of GIT favicon, assumed to be image/png type
 our $favicon = "++GITWEB_FAVICON++";
+# URI of gitweb.js (JavaScript code for gitweb)
+our $javascript = "++GITWEB_JS++";
 
 # URI and label (title) of GIT logo link
 #our $logo_url = "http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/";
 #our $logo_label = "git documentation";
-our $logo_url = "http://git.or.cz/";
+our $logo_url = "http://git-scm.com/";
 our $logo_label = "git homepage";
 
 # source of projects list
@@ -132,6 +156,10 @@ our $fallback_encoding = 'latin1';
 # - one might want to include '-B' option, e.g. '-B', '-M'
 our @diff_opts = ('-M'); # taken from git_commit
 
+# Disables features that would allow repository owners to inject script into
+# the gitweb domain.
+our $prevent_xss = 0;
+
 # information about snapshot formats that gitweb is capable of serving
 our %known_snapshot_formats = (
 	# name => {
@@ -140,7 +168,8 @@ our %known_snapshot_formats = (
 	# 	'suffix' => filename suffix,
 	# 	'format' => --format for git-archive,
 	# 	'compressor' => [compressor command and arguments]
-	# 	                (array reference, optional)}
+	# 	                (array reference, optional)
+	# 	'disabled' => boolean (optional)}
 	#
 	'tgz' => {
 		'display' => 'tar.gz',
@@ -156,6 +185,14 @@ our %known_snapshot_formats = (
 		'format' => 'tar',
 		'compressor' => ['bzip2']},
 
+	'txz' => {
+		'display' => 'tar.xz',
+		'type' => 'application/x-xz',
+		'suffix' => '.tar.xz',
+		'format' => 'tar',
+		'compressor' => ['xz'],
+		'disabled' => 1},
+
 	'zip' => {
 		'display' => 'zip',
 		'type' => 'application/x-zip',
@@ -168,6 +205,7 @@ our %known_snapshot_formats = (
 our %known_snapshot_format_aliases = (
 	'gzip'  => 'tgz',
 	'bzip2' => 'tbz2',
+	'xz'    => 'txz',
 
 	# backward compatibility: legacy gitweb config support
 	'x-gzip' => undef, 'gz' => undef,
@@ -175,6 +213,14 @@ our %known_snapshot_format_aliases = (
 	'x-zip' => undef, '' => undef,
 );
 
+# Pixel sizes for icons and avatars. If the default font sizes or lineheights
+# are changed, it may be appropriate to change these values too via
+# $GITWEB_CONFIG.
+our %avatar_size = (
+	'default' => 16,
+	'double'  => 32
+);
+
 # You define site-wide feature defaults here; override them with
 # $GITWEB_CONFIG as necessary.
 our %feature = (
@@ -190,7 +236,9 @@ our %feature = (
 	# if there is no 'sub' key (no feature-sub), then feature cannot be
 	# overriden
 	#
-	# use gitweb_check_feature(<feature>) to check if <feature> is enabled
+	# use gitweb_get_feature(<feature>) to retrieve the <feature> value
+	# (an array) or gitweb_check_feature(<feature>) to check if <feature>
+	# is enabled
 
 	# Enable the 'blame' blob view, showing the last commit that modified
 	# each line in the file. This can be very CPU-intensive.
@@ -201,7 +249,7 @@ our %feature = (
 	# $feature{'blame'}{'override'} = 1;
 	# and in project config gitweb.blame = 0|1;
 	'blame' => {
-		'sub' => \&feature_blame,
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('blame', @_) },
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [0]},
 
@@ -239,6 +287,7 @@ our %feature = (
 	# $feature{'grep'}{'override'} = 1;
 	# and in project config gitweb.grep = 0|1;
 	'grep' => {
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('grep', @_) },
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [1]},
 
@@ -252,7 +301,20 @@ our %feature = (
 	# $feature{'pickaxe'}{'override'} = 1;
 	# and in project config gitweb.pickaxe = 0|1;
 	'pickaxe' => {
-		'sub' => \&feature_pickaxe,
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('pickaxe', @_) },
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [1]},
+
+	# Enable showing size of blobs in a 'tree' view, in a separate
+	# column, similar to what 'ls -l' does.  This cost a bit of IO.
+
+	# To disable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'show-sizes'}{'default'} = [0];
+	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'show-sizes'}{'override'} = 1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.showsizes = 0|1;
+	'show-sizes' => {
+		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('showsizes', @_) },
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [1]},
 
@@ -327,9 +389,59 @@ our %feature = (
 	'ctags' => {
 		'override' => 0,
 		'default' => [0]},
+
+	# The maximum number of patches in a patchset generated in patch
+	# view. Set this to 0 or undef to disable patch view, or to a
+	# negative number to remove any limit.
+
+	# To disable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'patches'}{'default'} = [0];
+	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'patches'}{'override'} = 1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.patches = 0|n;
+	# where n is the maximum number of patches allowed in a patchset.
+	'patches' => {
+		'sub' => \&feature_patches,
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [16]},
+
+	# Avatar support. When this feature is enabled, views such as
+	# shortlog or commit will display an avatar associated with
+	# the email of the committer(s) and/or author(s).
+
+	# Currently available providers are gravatar and picon.
+	# If an unknown provider is specified, the feature is disabled.
+
+	# Gravatar depends on Digest::MD5.
+	# Picon currently relies on the indiana.edu database.
+
+	# To enable system wide have in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'avatar'}{'default'} = ['<provider>'];
+	# where <provider> is either gravatar or picon.
+	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
+	# $feature{'avatar'}{'override'} = 1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.avatar = <provider>;
+	'avatar' => {
+		'sub' => \&feature_avatar,
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => ['']},
+
+	# Enable displaying how much time and how many git commands
+	# it took to generate and display page.  Disabled by default.
+	# Project specific override is not supported.
+	'timed' => {
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [0]},
+
+	# Enable turning some links into links to actions which require
+	# JavaScript to run (like 'blame_incremental').  Not enabled by
+	# default.  Project specific override is currently not supported.
+	'javascript-actions' => {
+		'override' => 0,
+		'default' => [0]},
 );
 
-sub gitweb_check_feature {
+sub gitweb_get_feature {
 	my ($name) = @_;
 	return unless exists $feature{$name};
 	my ($sub, $override, @defaults) = (
@@ -338,22 +450,39 @@ sub gitweb_check_feature {
 		@{$feature{$name}{'default'}});
 	if (!$override) { return @defaults; }
 	if (!defined $sub) {
-		warn "feature $name is not overrideable";
+		warn "feature $name is not overridable";
 		return @defaults;
 	}
 	return $sub->(@defaults);
 }
 
-sub feature_blame {
-	my ($val) = git_get_project_config('blame', '--bool');
+# A wrapper to check if a given feature is enabled.
+# With this, you can say
+#
+#   my $bool_feat = gitweb_check_feature('bool_feat');
+#   gitweb_check_feature('bool_feat') or somecode;
+#
+# instead of
+#
+#   my ($bool_feat) = gitweb_get_feature('bool_feat');
+#   (gitweb_get_feature('bool_feat'))[0] or somecode;
+#
+sub gitweb_check_feature {
+	return (gitweb_get_feature(@_))[0];
+}
+
+
+sub feature_bool {
+	my $key = shift;
+	my ($val) = git_get_project_config($key, '--bool');
 
-	if ($val eq 'true') {
-		return 1;
+	if (!defined $val) {
+		return ($_[0]);
+	} elsif ($val eq 'true') {
+		return (1);
 	} elsif ($val eq 'false') {
-		return 0;
+		return (0);
 	}
-
-	return $_[0];
 }
 
 sub feature_snapshot {
@@ -368,28 +497,20 @@ sub feature_snapshot {
 	return @fmts;
 }
 
-sub feature_grep {
-	my ($val) = git_get_project_config('grep', '--bool');
+sub feature_patches {
+	my @val = (git_get_project_config('patches', '--int'));
 
-	if ($val eq 'true') {
-		return (1);
-	} elsif ($val eq 'false') {
-		return (0);
+	if (@val) {
+		return @val;
 	}
 
 	return ($_[0]);
 }
 
-sub feature_pickaxe {
-	my ($val) = git_get_project_config('pickaxe', '--bool');
+sub feature_avatar {
+	my @val = (git_get_project_config('avatar'));
 
-	if ($val eq 'true') {
-		return (1);
-	} elsif ($val eq 'false') {
-		return (0);
-	}
-
-	return ($_[0]);
+	return @val ? @val : @_;
 }
 
 # checking HEAD file with -e is fragile if the repository was
@@ -417,8 +538,9 @@ sub filter_snapshot_fmts {
 	@fmts = map {
 		exists $known_snapshot_format_aliases{$_} ?
 		       $known_snapshot_format_aliases{$_} : $_} @fmts;
-	@fmts = grep(exists $known_snapshot_formats{$_}, @fmts);
-
+	@fmts = grep {
+		exists $known_snapshot_formats{$_} &&
+		!$known_snapshot_formats{$_}{'disabled'}} @fmts;
 }
 
 our $GITWEB_CONFIG = $ENV{'GITWEB_CONFIG'} || "++GITWEB_CONFIG++";
@@ -431,6 +553,7 @@ if (-e $GITWEB_CONFIG) {
 
 # version of the core git binary
 our $git_version = qx("$GIT" --version) =~ m/git version (.*)$/ ? $1 : "unknown";
+$number_of_git_cmds++;
 
 $projects_list ||= $projectroot;
 
@@ -468,12 +591,16 @@ our @cgi_param_mapping = (
 	snapshot_format => "sf",
 	extra_options => "opt",
 	search_use_regexp => "sr",
+	# this must be last entry (for manipulation from JavaScript)
+	javascript => "js"
 );
 our %cgi_param_mapping = @cgi_param_mapping;
 
 # we will also need to know the possible actions, for validation
 our %actions = (
 	"blame" => \&git_blame,
+	"blame_incremental" => \&git_blame_incremental,
+	"blame_data" => \&git_blame_data,
 	"blobdiff" => \&git_blobdiff,
 	"blobdiff_plain" => \&git_blobdiff_plain,
 	"blob" => \&git_blob,
@@ -485,6 +612,8 @@ our %actions = (
 	"heads" => \&git_heads,
 	"history" => \&git_history,
 	"log" => \&git_log,
+	"patch" => \&git_patch,
+	"patches" => \&git_patches,
 	"rss" => \&git_rss,
 	"atom" => \&git_atom,
 	"search" => \&git_search,
@@ -645,11 +774,12 @@ sub evaluate_path_info {
 		# extensions. Allowed extensions are both the defined suffix
 		# (which includes the initial dot already) and the snapshot
 		# format key itself, with a prepended dot
-		while (my ($fmt, %opt) = each %known_snapshot_formats) {
+		while (my ($fmt, $opt) = each %known_snapshot_formats) {
 			my $hash = $refname;
-			my $sfx;
-			$hash =~ s/(\Q$opt{'suffix'}\E|\Q.$fmt\E)$//;
-			next unless $sfx = $1;
+			unless ($hash =~ s/(\Q$opt->{'suffix'}\E|\Q.$fmt\E)$//) {
+				next;
+			}
+			my $sfx = $1;
 			# a valid suffix was found, so set the snapshot format
 			# and reset the hash parameter
 			$input_params{'snapshot_format'} = $fmt;
@@ -767,9 +897,22 @@ our $git_dir;
 $git_dir = "$projectroot/$project" if $project;
 
 # list of supported snapshot formats
-our @snapshot_fmts = gitweb_check_feature('snapshot');
+our @snapshot_fmts = gitweb_get_feature('snapshot');
 @snapshot_fmts = filter_snapshot_fmts(@snapshot_fmts);
 
+# check that the avatar feature is set to a known provider name,
+# and for each provider check if the dependencies are satisfied.
+# if the provider name is invalid or the dependencies are not met,
+# reset $git_avatar to the empty string.
+our ($git_avatar) = gitweb_get_feature('avatar');
+if ($git_avatar eq 'gravatar') {
+	$git_avatar = '' unless (eval { require Digest::MD5; 1; });
+} elsif ($git_avatar eq 'picon') {
+	# no dependencies
+} else {
+	$git_avatar = '';
+}
+
 # dispatch
 if (!defined $action) {
 	if (defined $hash) {
@@ -785,7 +928,7 @@ if (!defined $action) {
 if (!defined($actions{$action})) {
 	die_error(400, "Unknown action");
 }
-if ($action !~ m/^(opml|project_list|project_index)$/ &&
+if ($action !~ m/^(?:opml|project_list|project_index)$/ &&
     !$project) {
 	die_error(400, "Project needed");
 }
@@ -795,7 +938,7 @@ exit;
 ## ======================================================================
 ## action links
 
-sub href (%) {
+sub href {
 	my %params = @_;
 	# default is to use -absolute url() i.e. $my_uri
 	my $href = $params{-full} ? $my_url : $my_uri;
@@ -810,8 +953,8 @@ sub href (%) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	my ($use_pathinfo) = gitweb_check_feature('pathinfo');
-	if ($use_pathinfo) {
+	my $use_pathinfo = gitweb_check_feature('pathinfo');
+	if ($use_pathinfo and defined $params{'project'}) {
 		# try to put as many parameters as possible in PATH_INFO:
 		#   - project name
 		#   - action
@@ -826,7 +969,7 @@ sub href (%) {
 		$href =~ s,/$,,;
 
 		# Then add the project name, if present
-		$href .= "/".esc_url($params{'project'}) if defined $params{'project'};
+		$href .= "/".esc_url($params{'project'});
 		delete $params{'project'};
 
 		# since we destructively absorb parameters, we keep this
@@ -848,10 +991,13 @@ sub href (%) {
 			if (defined $params{'hash_parent_base'}) {
 				$href .= esc_url($params{'hash_parent_base'});
 				# skip the file_parent if it's the same as the file_name
-				delete $params{'file_parent'} if $params{'file_parent'} eq $params{'file_name'};
-				if (defined $params{'file_parent'} && $params{'file_parent'} !~ /\.\./) {
-					$href .= ":/".esc_url($params{'file_parent'});
-					delete $params{'file_parent'};
+				if (defined $params{'file_parent'}) {
+					if (defined $params{'file_name'} && $params{'file_parent'} eq $params{'file_name'}) {
+						delete $params{'file_parent'};
+					} elsif ($params{'file_parent'} !~ /\.\./) {
+						$href .= ":/".esc_url($params{'file_parent'});
+						delete $params{'file_parent'};
+					}
 				}
 				$href .= "..";
 				delete $params{'hash_parent'};
@@ -977,8 +1123,7 @@ sub to_utf8 {
 # correct, but quoted slashes look too horrible in bookmarks
 sub esc_param {
 	my $str = shift;
-	$str =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.~()\/:@])/sprintf("%%%02X", ord($1))/eg;
-	$str =~ s/\+/%2B/g;
+	$str =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.~()\/:@ ]+)/CGI::escape($1)/eg;
 	$str =~ s/ /\+/g;
 	return $str;
 }
@@ -993,7 +1138,7 @@ sub esc_url {
 }
 
 # replace invalid utf8 character with SUBSTITUTION sequence
-sub esc_html ($;%) {
+sub esc_html {
 	my $str = shift;
 	my %opts = @_;
 
@@ -1192,7 +1337,7 @@ sub chop_and_escape_str {
 	if ($chopped eq $str) {
 		return esc_html($chopped);
 	} else {
-		$str =~ s/([[:cntrl:]])/?/g;
+		$str =~ s/[[:cntrl:]]/?/g;
 		return $cgi->span({-title=>$str}, esc_html($chopped));
 	}
 }
@@ -1253,7 +1398,7 @@ use constant {
 };
 
 # submodule/subproject, a commit object reference
-sub S_ISGITLINK($) {
+sub S_ISGITLINK {
 	my $mode = shift;
 
 	return (($mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFGITLINK)
@@ -1341,13 +1486,11 @@ sub format_log_line_html {
 	my $line = shift;
 
 	$line = esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
-	if ($line =~ m/([0-9a-fA-F]{8,40})/) {
-		my $hash_text = $1;
-		my $link =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"object", hash=>$hash_text),
-			        -class => "text"}, $hash_text);
-		$line =~ s/$hash_text/$link/;
-	}
+	$line =~ s{\b([0-9a-fA-F]{8,40})\b}{
+		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"object", hash=>$1),
+					-class => "text"}, $1);
+	}eg;
+
 	return $line;
 }
 
@@ -1417,15 +1560,117 @@ sub format_subject_html {
 	$extra = '' unless defined($extra);
 
 	if (length($short) < length($long)) {
+		$long =~ s/[[:cntrl:]]/?/g;
 		return $cgi->a({-href => $href, -class => "list subject",
 		                -title => to_utf8($long)},
-		       esc_html($short) . $extra);
+		       esc_html($short)) . $extra;
 	} else {
 		return $cgi->a({-href => $href, -class => "list subject"},
-		       esc_html($long)  . $extra);
+		       esc_html($long)) . $extra;
+	}
+}
+
+# Rather than recomputing the url for an email multiple times, we cache it
+# after the first hit. This gives a visible benefit in views where the avatar
+# for the same email is used repeatedly (e.g. shortlog).
+# The cache is shared by all avatar engines (currently gravatar only), which
+# are free to use it as preferred. Since only one avatar engine is used for any
+# given page, there's no risk for cache conflicts.
+our %avatar_cache = ();
+
+# Compute the picon url for a given email, by using the picon search service over at
+# http://www.cs.indiana.edu/picons/search.html
+sub picon_url {
+	my $email = lc shift;
+	if (!$avatar_cache{$email}) {
+		my ($user, $domain) = split('@', $email);
+		$avatar_cache{$email} =
+			"http://www.cs.indiana.edu/cgi-pub/kinzler/piconsearch.cgi/" .
+			"$domain/$user/" .
+			"users+domains+unknown/up/single";
+	}
+	return $avatar_cache{$email};
+}
+
+# Compute the gravatar url for a given email, if it's not in the cache already.
+# Gravatar stores only the part of the URL before the size, since that's the
+# one computationally more expensive. This also allows reuse of the cache for
+# different sizes (for this particular engine).
+sub gravatar_url {
+	my $email = lc shift;
+	my $size = shift;
+	$avatar_cache{$email} ||=
+		"http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" .
+			Digest::MD5::md5_hex($email) . "?s=";
+	return $avatar_cache{$email} . $size;
+}
+
+# Insert an avatar for the given $email at the given $size if the feature
+# is enabled.
+sub git_get_avatar {
+	my ($email, %opts) = @_;
+	my $pre_white  = ($opts{-pad_before} ? "&nbsp;" : "");
+	my $post_white = ($opts{-pad_after}  ? "&nbsp;" : "");
+	$opts{-size} ||= 'default';
+	my $size = $avatar_size{$opts{-size}} || $avatar_size{'default'};
+	my $url = "";
+	if ($git_avatar eq 'gravatar') {
+		$url = gravatar_url($email, $size);
+	} elsif ($git_avatar eq 'picon') {
+		$url = picon_url($email);
+	}
+	# Other providers can be added by extending the if chain, defining $url
+	# as needed. If no variant puts something in $url, we assume avatars
+	# are completely disabled/unavailable.
+	if ($url) {
+		return $pre_white .
+		       "<img width=\"$size\" " .
+		            "class=\"avatar\" " .
+		            "src=\"$url\" " .
+			    "alt=\"\" " .
+		       "/>" . $post_white;
+	} else {
+		return "";
+	}
+}
+
+sub format_search_author {
+	my ($author, $searchtype, $displaytext) = @_;
+	my $have_search = gitweb_check_feature('search');
+
+	if ($have_search) {
+		my $performed = "";
+		if ($searchtype eq 'author') {
+			$performed = "authored";
+		} elsif ($searchtype eq 'committer') {
+			$performed = "committed";
+		}
+
+		return $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"search", hash=>$hash,
+				searchtext=>$author,
+				searchtype=>$searchtype), class=>"list",
+				title=>"Search for commits $performed by $author"},
+				$displaytext);
+
+	} else {
+		return $displaytext;
 	}
 }
 
+# format the author name of the given commit with the given tag
+# the author name is chopped and escaped according to the other
+# optional parameters (see chop_str).
+sub format_author_html {
+	my $tag = shift;
+	my $co = shift;
+	my $author = chop_and_escape_str($co->{'author_name'}, @_);
+	return "<$tag class=\"author\">" .
+	       format_search_author($co->{'author_name'}, "author",
+		       git_get_avatar($co->{'author_email'}, -pad_after => 1) .
+		       $author) .
+	       "</$tag>";
+}
+
 # format git diff header line, i.e. "diff --(git|combined|cc) ..."
 sub format_git_diff_header_line {
 	my $line = shift;
@@ -1788,6 +2033,7 @@ sub get_feed_info {
 
 # returns path to the core git executable and the --git-dir parameter as list
 sub git_cmd {
+	$number_of_git_cmds++;
 	return $GIT, '--git-dir='.$git_dir;
 }
 
@@ -1797,21 +2043,32 @@ sub git_cmd {
 # Try to avoid using this function wherever possible.
 sub quote_command {
 	return join(' ',
-		    map( { my $a = $_; $a =~ s/(['!])/'\\$1'/g; "'$a'" } @_ ));
+		map { my $a = $_; $a =~ s/(['!])/'\\$1'/g; "'$a'" } @_ );
 }
 
 # get HEAD ref of given project as hash
 sub git_get_head_hash {
-	my $project = shift;
+	return git_get_full_hash(shift, 'HEAD');
+}
+
+sub git_get_full_hash {
+	return git_get_hash(@_);
+}
+
+sub git_get_short_hash {
+	return git_get_hash(@_, '--short=7');
+}
+
+sub git_get_hash {
+	my ($project, $hash, @options) = @_;
 	my $o_git_dir = $git_dir;
 	my $retval = undef;
 	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$project";
-	if (open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "rev-parse", "--verify", "HEAD") {
-		my $head = <$fd>;
+	if (open my $fd, '-|', git_cmd(), 'rev-parse',
+	    '--verify', '-q', @options, $hash) {
+		$retval = <$fd>;
+		chomp $retval if defined $retval;
 		close $fd;
-		if (defined $head && $head =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40})$/) {
-			$retval = $1;
-		}
 	}
 	if (defined $o_git_dir) {
 		$git_dir = $o_git_dir;
@@ -1871,18 +2128,19 @@ sub git_parse_project_config {
 	return %config;
 }
 
-# convert config value to boolean, 'true' or 'false'
+# convert config value to boolean: 'true' or 'false'
 # no value, number > 0, 'true' and 'yes' values are true
 # rest of values are treated as false (never as error)
 sub config_to_bool {
 	my $val = shift;
 
+	return 1 if !defined $val;             # section.key
+
 	# strip leading and trailing whitespace
 	$val =~ s/^\s+//;
 	$val =~ s/\s+$//;
 
-	return (!defined $val ||               # section.key
-	        ($val =~ /^\d+$/ && $val) ||   # section.key = 1
+	return (($val =~ /^\d+$/ && $val) ||   # section.key = 1
 	        ($val =~ /^(?:true|yes)$/i));  # section.key = true
 }
 
@@ -1935,6 +2193,9 @@ sub git_get_project_config {
 		$config_file = "$git_dir/config";
 	}
 
+	# check if config variable (key) exists
+	return unless exists $config{"gitweb.$key"};
+
 	# ensure given type
 	if (!defined $type) {
 		return $config{"gitweb.$key"};
@@ -2005,7 +2266,7 @@ sub git_get_project_description {
 	my $path = shift;
 
 	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$path";
-	open my $fd, "$git_dir/description"
+	open my $fd, '<', "$git_dir/description"
 		or return git_get_project_config('description');
 	my $descr = <$fd>;
 	close $fd;
@@ -2020,18 +2281,17 @@ sub git_get_project_ctags {
 	my $ctags = {};
 
 	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$path";
-	unless (opendir D, "$git_dir/ctags") {
-		return $ctags;
-	}
-	foreach (grep { -f $_ } map { "$git_dir/ctags/$_" } readdir(D)) {
-		open CT, $_ or next;
-		my $val = <CT>;
+	opendir my $dh, "$git_dir/ctags"
+		or return $ctags;
+	foreach (grep { -f $_ } map { "$git_dir/ctags/$_" } readdir($dh)) {
+		open my $ct, '<', $_ or next;
+		my $val = <$ct>;
 		chomp $val;
-		close CT;
+		close $ct;
 		my $ctag = $_; $ctag =~ s#.*/##;
 		$ctags->{$ctag} = $val;
 	}
-	closedir D;
+	closedir $dh;
 	$ctags;
 }
 
@@ -2084,7 +2344,7 @@ sub git_get_project_url_list {
 	my $path = shift;
 
 	$git_dir = "$projectroot/$path";
-	open my $fd, "$git_dir/cloneurl"
+	open my $fd, '<', "$git_dir/cloneurl"
 		or return wantarray ?
 		@{ config_to_multi(git_get_project_config('url')) } :
 		   config_to_multi(git_get_project_config('url'));
@@ -2101,7 +2361,7 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 	$filter ||= '';
 	$filter =~ s/\.git$//;
 
-	my ($check_forks) = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
+	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
 
 	if (-d $projects_list) {
 		# search in directory
@@ -2128,8 +2388,9 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 
 				my $subdir = substr($File::Find::name, $pfxlen + 1);
 				# we check related file in $projectroot
-				if (check_export_ok("$projectroot/$filter/$subdir")) {
-					push @list, { path => ($filter ? "$filter/" : '') . $subdir };
+				my $path = ($filter ? "$filter/" : '') . $subdir;
+				if (check_export_ok("$projectroot/$path")) {
+					push @list, { path => $path };
 					$File::Find::prune = 1;
 				}
 			},
@@ -2141,7 +2402,7 @@ sub git_get_projects_list {
 		# 'libs%2Fklibc%2Fklibc.git H.+Peter+Anvin'
 		# 'linux%2Fhotplug%2Fudev.git Greg+Kroah-Hartman'
 		my %paths;
-		open my ($fd), $projects_list or return;
+		open my $fd, '<', $projects_list or return;
 	PROJECT:
 		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 			chomp $line;
@@ -2204,7 +2465,7 @@ sub git_get_project_list_from_file {
 	# 'libs%2Fklibc%2Fklibc.git H.+Peter+Anvin'
 	# 'linux%2Fhotplug%2Fudev.git Greg+Kroah-Hartman'
 	if (-f $projects_list) {
-		open (my $fd , $projects_list);
+		open(my $fd, '<', $projects_list);
 		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 			chomp $line;
 			my ($pr, $ow) = split ' ', $line;
@@ -2352,8 +2613,14 @@ sub parse_tag {
 			$tag{'name'} = $1;
 		} elsif ($line =~ m/^tagger (.*) ([0-9]+) (.*)$/) {
 			$tag{'author'} = $1;
-			$tag{'epoch'} = $2;
-			$tag{'tz'} = $3;
+			$tag{'author_epoch'} = $2;
+			$tag{'author_tz'} = $3;
+			if ($tag{'author'} =~ m/^([^<]+) <([^>]*)>/) {
+				$tag{'author_name'}  = $1;
+				$tag{'author_email'} = $2;
+			} else {
+				$tag{'author_name'} = $tag{'author'};
+			}
 		} elsif ($line =~ m/--BEGIN/) {
 			push @comment, $line;
 			last;
@@ -2393,7 +2660,7 @@ sub parse_commit_text {
 		} elsif ((!defined $withparents) && ($line =~ m/^parent ([0-9a-fA-F]{40})$/)) {
 			push @parents, $1;
 		} elsif ($line =~ m/^author (.*) ([0-9]+) (.*)$/) {
-			$co{'author'} = $1;
+			$co{'author'} = to_utf8($1);
 			$co{'author_epoch'} = $2;
 			$co{'author_tz'} = $3;
 			if ($co{'author'} =~ m/^([^<]+) <([^>]*)>/) {
@@ -2403,10 +2670,9 @@ sub parse_commit_text {
 				$co{'author_name'} = $co{'author'};
 			}
 		} elsif ($line =~ m/^committer (.*) ([0-9]+) (.*)$/) {
-			$co{'committer'} = $1;
+			$co{'committer'} = to_utf8($1);
 			$co{'committer_epoch'} = $2;
 			$co{'committer_tz'} = $3;
-			$co{'committer_name'} = $co{'committer'};
 			if ($co{'committer'} =~ m/^([^<]+) <([^>]*)>/) {
 				$co{'committer_name'}  = $1;
 				$co{'committer_email'} = $2;
@@ -2569,21 +2835,36 @@ sub parsed_difftree_line {
 }
 
 # parse line of git-ls-tree output
-sub parse_ls_tree_line ($;%) {
+sub parse_ls_tree_line {
 	my $line = shift;
 	my %opts = @_;
 	my %res;
 
-	#'100644 blob 0fa3f3a66fb6a137f6ec2c19351ed4d807070ffa	panic.c'
-	$line =~ m/^([0-9]+) (.+) ([0-9a-fA-F]{40})\t(.+)$/s;
+	if ($opts{'-l'}) {
+		#'100644 blob 0fa3f3a66fb6a137f6ec2c19351ed4d807070ffa   16717	panic.c'
+		$line =~ m/^([0-9]+) (.+) ([0-9a-fA-F]{40}) +(-|[0-9]+)\t(.+)$/s;
 
-	$res{'mode'} = $1;
-	$res{'type'} = $2;
-	$res{'hash'} = $3;
-	if ($opts{'-z'}) {
-		$res{'name'} = $4;
+		$res{'mode'} = $1;
+		$res{'type'} = $2;
+		$res{'hash'} = $3;
+		$res{'size'} = $4;
+		if ($opts{'-z'}) {
+			$res{'name'} = $5;
+		} else {
+			$res{'name'} = unquote($5);
+		}
 	} else {
-		$res{'name'} = unquote($4);
+		#'100644 blob 0fa3f3a66fb6a137f6ec2c19351ed4d807070ffa	panic.c'
+		$line =~ m/^([0-9]+) (.+) ([0-9a-fA-F]{40})\t(.+)$/s;
+
+		$res{'mode'} = $1;
+		$res{'type'} = $2;
+		$res{'hash'} = $3;
+		if ($opts{'-z'}) {
+			$res{'name'} = $4;
+		} else {
+			$res{'name'} = unquote($4);
+		}
 	}
 
 	return wantarray ? %res : \%res;
@@ -2740,6 +3021,15 @@ sub get_file_owner {
 	return to_utf8($owner);
 }
 
+# assume that file exists
+sub insert_file {
+	my $filename = shift;
+
+	open my $fd, '<', $filename;
+	print map { to_utf8($_) } <$fd>;
+	close $fd;
+}
+
 ## ......................................................................
 ## mimetype related functions
 
@@ -2749,18 +3039,18 @@ sub mimetype_guess_file {
 	-r $mimemap or return undef;
 
 	my %mimemap;
-	open(MIME, $mimemap) or return undef;
-	while (<MIME>) {
+	open(my $mh, '<', $mimemap) or return undef;
+	while (<$mh>) {
 		next if m/^#/; # skip comments
-		my ($mime, $exts) = split(/\t+/);
+		my ($mimetype, $exts) = split(/\t+/);
 		if (defined $exts) {
 			my @exts = split(/\s+/, $exts);
 			foreach my $ext (@exts) {
-				$mimemap{$ext} = $mime;
+				$mimemap{$ext} = $mimetype;
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	close(MIME);
+	close($mh);
 
 	$filename =~ /\.([^.]*)$/;
 	return $mimemap{$1};
@@ -2868,9 +3158,14 @@ sub git_header_html {
 <meta name="robots" content="index, nofollow"/>
 <title>$title</title>
 EOF
-# print out each stylesheet that exist
+	# the stylesheet, favicon etc urls won't work correctly with path_info
+	# unless we set the appropriate base URL
+	if ($ENV{'PATH_INFO'}) {
+		print "<base href=\"".esc_url($base_url)."\" />\n";
+	}
+	# print out each stylesheet that exist, providing backwards capability
+	# for those people who defined $stylesheet in a config file
 	if (defined $stylesheet) {
-#provides backwards capability for those people who define style sheet in a config file
 		print '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.$stylesheet.'"/>'."\n";
 	} else {
 		foreach my $stylesheet (@stylesheets) {
@@ -2928,9 +3223,7 @@ EOF
 	      "<body>\n";
 
 	if (-f $site_header) {
-		open (my $fd, $site_header);
-		print <$fd>;
-		close $fd;
+		insert_file($site_header);
 	}
 
 	print "<div class=\"page_header\">\n" .
@@ -2947,7 +3240,7 @@ EOF
 	}
 	print "</div>\n";
 
-	my ($have_search) = gitweb_check_feature('search');
+	my $have_search = gitweb_check_feature('search');
 	if (defined $project && $have_search) {
 		if (!defined $searchtext) {
 			$searchtext = "";
@@ -2961,7 +3254,7 @@ EOF
 			$search_hash = "HEAD";
 		}
 		my $action = $my_uri;
-		my ($use_pathinfo) = gitweb_check_feature('pathinfo');
+		my $use_pathinfo = gitweb_check_feature('pathinfo');
 		if ($use_pathinfo) {
 			$action .= "/".esc_url($project);
 		}
@@ -3016,10 +3309,34 @@ sub git_footer_html {
 	}
 	print "</div>\n"; # class="page_footer"
 
+	if (defined $t0 && gitweb_check_feature('timed')) {
+		print "<div id=\"generating_info\">\n";
+		print 'This page took '.
+		      '<span id="generating_time" class="time_span">'.
+		      Time::HiRes::tv_interval($t0, [Time::HiRes::gettimeofday()]).
+		      ' seconds </span>'.
+		      ' and '.
+		      '<span id="generating_cmd">'.
+		      $number_of_git_cmds.
+		      '</span> git commands '.
+		      " to generate.\n";
+		print "</div>\n"; # class="page_footer"
+	}
+
 	if (-f $site_footer) {
-		open (my $fd, $site_footer);
-		print <$fd>;
-		close $fd;
+		insert_file($site_footer);
+	}
+
+	print qq!<script type="text/javascript" src="$javascript"></script>\n!;
+	if ($action eq 'blame_incremental') {
+		print qq!<script type="text/javascript">\n!.
+		      qq!startBlame("!. href(action=>"blame_data", -replay=>1) .qq!",\n!.
+		      qq!           "!. href() .qq!");\n!.
+		      qq!</script>\n!;
+	} elsif (gitweb_check_feature('javascript-actions')) {
+		print qq!<script type="text/javascript">\n!.
+		      qq!window.onload = fixLinks;\n!.
+		      qq!</script>\n!;
 	}
 
 	print "</body>\n" .
@@ -3084,7 +3401,7 @@ sub git_print_page_nav {
 	$arg{'tree'}{'hash'} = $treehead if defined $treehead;
 	$arg{'tree'}{'hash_base'} = $treebase if defined $treebase;
 
-	my @actions = gitweb_check_feature('actions');
+	my @actions = gitweb_get_feature('actions');
 	my %repl = (
 		'%' => '%',
 		'n' => $project,         # project name
@@ -3111,22 +3428,18 @@ sub git_print_page_nav {
 }
 
 sub format_paging_nav {
-	my ($action, $hash, $head, $page, $has_next_link) = @_;
+	my ($action, $page, $has_next_link) = @_;
 	my $paging_nav;
 
 
-	if ($hash ne $head || $page) {
-		$paging_nav .= $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>$action)}, "HEAD");
-	} else {
-		$paging_nav .= "HEAD";
-	}
-
 	if ($page > 0) {
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
+		$paging_nav .=
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>undef)}, "first") .
+			" &sdot; " .
 			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page-1),
 			         -accesskey => "p", -title => "Alt-p"}, "prev");
 	} else {
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; prev";
+		$paging_nav .= "first &sdot; prev";
 	}
 
 	if ($has_next_link) {
@@ -3157,22 +3470,59 @@ sub git_print_header_div {
 	      "\n</div>\n";
 }
 
-#sub git_print_authorship (\%) {
+sub print_local_time {
+	my %date = @_;
+	if ($date{'hour_local'} < 6) {
+		printf(" (<span class=\"atnight\">%02d:%02d</span> %s)",
+			$date{'hour_local'}, $date{'minute_local'}, $date{'tz_local'});
+	} else {
+		printf(" (%02d:%02d %s)",
+			$date{'hour_local'}, $date{'minute_local'}, $date{'tz_local'});
+	}
+}
+
+# Outputs the author name and date in long form
 sub git_print_authorship {
 	my $co = shift;
+	my %opts = @_;
+	my $tag = $opts{-tag} || 'div';
+	my $author = $co->{'author_name'};
 
 	my %ad = parse_date($co->{'author_epoch'}, $co->{'author_tz'});
-	print "<div class=\"author_date\">" .
-	      esc_html($co->{'author_name'}) .
+	print "<$tag class=\"author_date\">" .
+	      format_search_author($author, "author", esc_html($author)) .
 	      " [$ad{'rfc2822'}";
-	if ($ad{'hour_local'} < 6) {
-		printf(" (<span class=\"atnight\">%02d:%02d</span> %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
-	} else {
-		printf(" (%02d:%02d %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
+	print_local_time(%ad) if ($opts{-localtime});
+	print "]" . git_get_avatar($co->{'author_email'}, -pad_before => 1)
+		  . "</$tag>\n";
+}
+
+# Outputs table rows containing the full author or committer information,
+# in the format expected for 'commit' view (& similia).
+# Parameters are a commit hash reference, followed by the list of people
+# to output information for. If the list is empty it defalts to both
+# author and committer.
+sub git_print_authorship_rows {
+	my $co = shift;
+	# too bad we can't use @people = @_ || ('author', 'committer')
+	my @people = @_;
+	@people = ('author', 'committer') unless @people;
+	foreach my $who (@people) {
+		my %wd = parse_date($co->{"${who}_epoch"}, $co->{"${who}_tz"});
+		print "<tr><td>$who</td><td>" .
+		      format_search_author($co->{"${who}_name"}, $who,
+			       esc_html($co->{"${who}_name"})) . " " .
+		      format_search_author($co->{"${who}_email"}, $who,
+			       esc_html("<" . $co->{"${who}_email"} . ">")) .
+		      "</td><td rowspan=\"2\">" .
+		      git_get_avatar($co->{"${who}_email"}, -size => 'double') .
+		      "</td></tr>\n" .
+		      "<tr>" .
+		      "<td></td><td> $wd{'rfc2822'}";
+		print_local_time(%wd);
+		print "</td>" .
+		      "</tr>\n";
 	}
-	print "]</div>\n";
 }
 
 sub git_print_page_path {
@@ -3213,8 +3563,7 @@ sub git_print_page_path {
 	print "<br/></div>\n";
 }
 
-# sub git_print_log (\@;%) {
-sub git_print_log ($;%) {
+sub git_print_log {
 	my $log = shift;
 	my %opts = @_;
 
@@ -3272,7 +3621,7 @@ sub git_get_link_target {
 	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "cat-file", "blob", $hash
 		or return;
 	{
-		local $/;
+		local $/ = undef;
 		$link_target = <$fd>;
 	}
 	close $fd
@@ -3285,10 +3634,7 @@ sub git_get_link_target {
 # return target of link relative to top directory (top tree);
 # return undef if it is not possible (including absolute links).
 sub normalize_link_target {
-	my ($link_target, $basedir, $hash_base) = @_;
-
-	# we can normalize symlink target only if $hash_base is provided
-	return unless $hash_base;
+	my ($link_target, $basedir) = @_;
 
 	# absolute symlinks (beginning with '/') cannot be normalized
 	return if (substr($link_target, 0, 1) eq '/');
@@ -3336,6 +3682,9 @@ sub git_print_tree_entry {
 	# and link is the action links of the entry.
 
 	print "<td class=\"mode\">" . mode_str($t->{'mode'}) . "</td>\n";
+	if (exists $t->{'size'}) {
+		print "<td class=\"size\">$t->{'size'}</td>\n";
+	}
 	if ($t->{'type'} eq "blob") {
 		print "<td class=\"list\">" .
 			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$t->{'hash'},
@@ -3344,7 +3693,7 @@ sub git_print_tree_entry {
 		if (S_ISLNK(oct $t->{'mode'})) {
 			my $link_target = git_get_link_target($t->{'hash'});
 			if ($link_target) {
-				my $norm_target = normalize_link_target($link_target, $basedir, $hash_base);
+				my $norm_target = normalize_link_target($link_target, $basedir);
 				if (defined $norm_target) {
 					print " -> " .
 					      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"object", hash_base=>$hash_base,
@@ -3381,12 +3730,14 @@ sub git_print_tree_entry {
 	} elsif ($t->{'type'} eq "tree") {
 		print "<td class=\"list\">";
 		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$t->{'hash'},
-		                             file_name=>"$basedir$t->{'name'}", %base_key)},
+		                             file_name=>"$basedir$t->{'name'}",
+		                             %base_key)},
 		              esc_path($t->{'name'}));
 		print "</td>\n";
 		print "<td class=\"link\">";
 		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$t->{'hash'},
-		                             file_name=>"$basedir$t->{'name'}", %base_key)},
+		                             file_name=>"$basedir$t->{'name'}",
+		                             %base_key)},
 		              "tree");
 		if (defined $hash_base) {
 			print " | " .
@@ -3454,7 +3805,7 @@ sub is_patch_split {
 sub git_difftree_body {
 	my ($difftree, $hash, @parents) = @_;
 	my ($parent) = $parents[0];
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 	print "<div class=\"list_head\">\n";
 	if ($#{$difftree} > 10) {
 		print(($#{$difftree} + 1) . " files changed:\n");
@@ -3937,7 +4288,7 @@ sub fill_project_list_info {
 			    ($pname !~ /\/$/) &&
 			    (-d "$projectroot/$pname")) {
 				$pr->{'forks'} = "-d $projectroot/$pname";
-			}	else {
+			} else {
 				$pr->{'forks'} = 0;
 			}
 		}
@@ -3968,7 +4319,7 @@ sub git_project_list_body {
 	# actually uses global variable $project
 	my ($projlist, $order, $from, $to, $extra, $no_header) = @_;
 
-	my ($check_forks) = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
+	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
 	my @projects = fill_project_list_info($projlist, $check_forks);
 
 	$order ||= $default_projects_order;
@@ -4071,6 +4422,46 @@ sub git_project_list_body {
 	print "</table>\n";
 }
 
+sub git_log_body {
+	# uses global variable $project
+	my ($commitlist, $from, $to, $refs, $extra) = @_;
+
+	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
+	$to = $#{$commitlist} if (!defined $to || $#{$commitlist} < $to);
+
+	for (my $i = 0; $i <= $to; $i++) {
+		my %co = %{$commitlist->[$i]};
+		next if !%co;
+		my $commit = $co{'id'};
+		my $ref = format_ref_marker($refs, $commit);
+		my %ad = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'});
+		git_print_header_div('commit',
+		               "<span class=\"age\">$co{'age_string'}</span>" .
+		               esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref,
+		               $commit);
+		print "<div class=\"title_text\">\n" .
+		      "<div class=\"log_link\">\n" .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$commit)}, "commit") .
+		      " | " .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff", hash=>$commit)}, "commitdiff") .
+		      " | " .
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$commit, hash_base=>$commit)}, "tree") .
+		      "<br/>\n" .
+		      "</div>\n";
+		      git_print_authorship(\%co, -tag => 'span');
+		      print "<br/>\n</div>\n";
+
+		print "<div class=\"log_body\">\n";
+		git_print_log($co{'comment'}, -final_empty_line=> 1);
+		print "</div>\n";
+	}
+	if ($extra) {
+		print "<div class=\"page_nav\">\n";
+		print "$extra\n";
+		print "</div>\n";
+	}
+}
+
 sub git_shortlog_body {
 	# uses global variable $project
 	my ($commitlist, $from, $to, $refs, $extra) = @_;
@@ -4090,11 +4481,9 @@ sub git_shortlog_body {
 			print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
 		}
 		$alternate ^= 1;
-		my $author = chop_and_escape_str($co{'author_name'}, 10);
 		# git_summary() used print "<td><i>$co{'age_string'}</i></td>\n" .
 		print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td><i>" . $author . "</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td>";
+		      format_author_html('td', \%co, 10) . "<td>";
 		print format_subject_html($co{'title'}, $co{'title_short'},
 		                          href(action=>"commit", hash=>$commit), $ref);
 		print "</td>\n" .
@@ -4119,7 +4508,8 @@ sub git_shortlog_body {
 
 sub git_history_body {
 	# Warning: assumes constant type (blob or tree) during history
-	my ($commitlist, $from, $to, $refs, $hash_base, $ftype, $extra) = @_;
+	my ($commitlist, $from, $to, $refs, $extra,
+	    $file_name, $file_hash, $ftype) = @_;
 
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#{$commitlist} unless (defined $to && $to <= $#{$commitlist});
@@ -4141,11 +4531,9 @@ sub git_history_body {
 			print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
 		}
 		$alternate ^= 1;
-	# shortlog uses      chop_str($co{'author_name'}, 10)
-		my $author = chop_and_escape_str($co{'author_name'}, 15, 3);
 		print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td><i>" . $author . "</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td>";
+	# shortlog:   format_author_html('td', \%co, 10)
+		      format_author_html('td', \%co, 15, 3) . "<td>";
 		# originally git_history used chop_str($co{'title'}, 50)
 		print format_subject_html($co{'title'}, $co{'title_short'},
 		                          href(action=>"commit", hash=>$commit), $ref);
@@ -4155,7 +4543,7 @@ sub git_history_body {
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff", hash=>$commit)}, "commitdiff");
 
 		if ($ftype eq 'blob') {
-			my $blob_current = git_get_hash_by_path($hash_base, $file_name);
+			my $blob_current = $file_hash;
 			my $blob_parent  = git_get_hash_by_path($commit, $file_name);
 			if (defined $blob_current && defined $blob_parent &&
 					$blob_current ne $blob_parent) {
@@ -4298,9 +4686,8 @@ sub git_search_grep_body {
 			print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
 		}
 		$alternate ^= 1;
-		my $author = chop_and_escape_str($co{'author_name'}, 15, 5);
 		print "<td title=\"$co{'age_string_age'}\"><i>$co{'age_string_date'}</i></td>\n" .
-		      "<td><i>" . $author . "</i></td>\n" .
+		      format_author_html('td', \%co, 15, 5) .
 		      "<td>" .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$co{'id'}),
 		               -class => "list subject"},
@@ -4358,9 +4745,7 @@ sub git_project_list {
 	git_header_html();
 	if (-f $home_text) {
 		print "<div class=\"index_include\">\n";
-		open (my $fd, $home_text);
-		print <$fd>;
-		close $fd;
+		insert_file($home_text);
 		print "</div>\n";
 	}
 	print $cgi->startform(-method => "get") .
@@ -4428,7 +4813,7 @@ sub git_summary {
 	my @taglist  = git_get_tags_list(16);
 	my @headlist = git_get_heads_list(16);
 	my @forklist;
-	my ($check_forks) = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
+	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
 
 	if ($check_forks) {
 		@forklist = git_get_projects_list($project);
@@ -4457,7 +4842,7 @@ sub git_summary {
 	}
 
 	# Tag cloud
-	my $show_ctags = (gitweb_check_feature('ctags'))[0];
+	my $show_ctags = gitweb_check_feature('ctags');
 	if ($show_ctags) {
 		my $ctags = git_get_project_ctags($project);
 		my $cloud = git_populate_project_tagcloud($ctags);
@@ -4471,14 +4856,13 @@ sub git_summary {
 
 	print "</table>\n";
 
-	if (-s "$projectroot/$project/README.html") {
-		if (open my $fd, "$projectroot/$project/README.html") {
-			print "<div class=\"title\">readme</div>\n" .
-			      "<div class=\"readme\">\n";
-			print $_ while (<$fd>);
-			print "\n</div>\n"; # class="readme"
-			close $fd;
-		}
+	# If XSS prevention is on, we don't include README.html.
+	# TODO: Allow a readme in some safe format.
+	if (!$prevent_xss && -s "$projectroot/$project/README.html") {
+		print "<div class=\"title\">readme</div>\n" .
+		      "<div class=\"readme\">\n";
+		insert_file("$projectroot/$project/README.html");
+		print "\n</div>\n"; # class="readme"
 	}
 
 	# we need to request one more than 16 (0..15) to check if
@@ -4537,11 +4921,7 @@ sub git_tag {
 	                                      $tag{'type'}) . "</td>\n" .
 	      "</tr>\n";
 	if (defined($tag{'author'})) {
-		my %ad = parse_date($tag{'epoch'}, $tag{'tz'});
-		print "<tr><td>author</td><td>" . esc_html($tag{'author'}) . "</td></tr>\n";
-		print "<tr><td></td><td>" . $ad{'rfc2822'} .
-			sprintf(" (%02d:%02d %s)", $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'}) .
-			"</td></tr>\n";
+		git_print_authorship_rows(\%tag, 'author');
 	}
 	print "</table>\n\n" .
 	      "</div>\n";
@@ -4555,113 +4935,248 @@ sub git_tag {
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
-sub git_blame {
-	my $fd;
-	my $ftype;
+sub git_blame_common {
+	my $format = shift || 'porcelain';
+	if ($format eq 'porcelain' && $cgi->param('js')) {
+		$format = 'incremental';
+		$action = 'blame_incremental'; # for page title etc
+	}
 
+	# permissions
 	gitweb_check_feature('blame')
-	    or die_error(403, "Blame view not allowed");
+		or die_error(403, "Blame view not allowed");
 
+	# error checking
 	die_error(400, "No file name given") unless $file_name;
 	$hash_base ||= git_get_head_hash($project);
-	die_error(404, "Couldn't find base commit") unless ($hash_base);
+	die_error(404, "Couldn't find base commit") unless $hash_base;
 	my %co = parse_commit($hash_base)
 		or die_error(404, "Commit not found");
+	my $ftype = "blob";
 	if (!defined $hash) {
 		$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($hash_base, $file_name, "blob")
 			or die_error(404, "Error looking up file");
+	} else {
+		$ftype = git_get_type($hash);
+		if ($ftype !~ "blob") {
+			die_error(400, "Object is not a blob");
+		}
 	}
-	$ftype = git_get_type($hash);
-	if ($ftype !~ "blob") {
-		die_error(400, "Object is not a blob");
+
+	my $fd;
+	if ($format eq 'incremental') {
+		# get file contents (as base)
+		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), 'cat-file', 'blob', $hash
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-cat-file failed");
+	} elsif ($format eq 'data') {
+		# run git-blame --incremental
+		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "blame", "--incremental",
+			$hash_base, "--", $file_name
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-blame --incremental failed");
+	} else {
+		# run git-blame --porcelain
+		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "blame", '-p',
+			$hash_base, '--', $file_name
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-blame --porcelain failed");
 	}
-	open ($fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "blame", '-p', '--',
-	      $file_name, $hash_base)
-		or die_error(500, "Open git-blame failed");
+
+	# incremental blame data returns early
+	if ($format eq 'data') {
+		print $cgi->header(
+			-type=>"text/plain", -charset => "utf-8",
+			-status=> "200 OK");
+		local $| = 1; # output autoflush
+		print while <$fd>;
+		close $fd
+			or print "ERROR $!\n";
+
+		print 'END';
+		if (defined $t0 && gitweb_check_feature('timed')) {
+			print ' '.
+			      Time::HiRes::tv_interval($t0, [Time::HiRes::gettimeofday()]).
+			      ' '.$number_of_git_cmds;
+		}
+		print "\n";
+
+		return;
+	}
+
+	# page header
 	git_header_html();
 	my $formats_nav =
 		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", -replay=>1)},
 		        "blob") .
+		" | ";
+	if ($format eq 'incremental') {
+		$formats_nav .=
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", javascript=>0, -replay=>1)},
+			        "blame") . " (non-incremental)";
+	} else {
+		$formats_nav .=
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame_incremental", -replay=>1)},
+			        "blame") . " (incremental)";
+	}
+	$formats_nav .=
 		" | " .
 		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", -replay=>1)},
 		        "history") .
 		" | " .
-		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blame", file_name=>$file_name)},
+		$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>$action, file_name=>$file_name)},
 		        "HEAD");
 	git_print_page_nav('','', $hash_base,$co{'tree'},$hash_base, $formats_nav);
 	git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash_base);
 	git_print_page_path($file_name, $ftype, $hash_base);
-	my @rev_color = (qw(light2 dark2));
+
+	# page body
+	if ($format eq 'incremental') {
+		print "<noscript>\n<div class=\"error\"><center><b>\n".
+		      "This page requires JavaScript to run.\n Use ".
+		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>'blame',javascript=>0,-replay=>1)},
+		              'this page').
+		      " instead.\n".
+		      "</b></center></div>\n</noscript>\n";
+
+		print qq!<div id="progress_bar" style="width: 100%; background-color: yellow"></div>\n!;
+	}
+
+	print qq!<div class="page_body">\n!;
+	print qq!<div id="progress_info">... / ...</div>\n!
+		if ($format eq 'incremental');
+	print qq!<table id="blame_table" class="blame" width="100%">\n!.
+	      #qq!<col width="5.5em" /><col width="2.5em" /><col width="*" />\n!.
+	      qq!<thead>\n!.
+	      qq!<tr><th>Commit</th><th>Line</th><th>Data</th></tr>\n!.
+	      qq!</thead>\n!.
+	      qq!<tbody>\n!;
+
+	my @rev_color = qw(light dark);
 	my $num_colors = scalar(@rev_color);
 	my $current_color = 0;
-	my $last_rev;
-	print <<HTML;
-<div class="page_body">
-<table class="blame">
-<tr><th>Commit</th><th>Line</th><th>Data</th></tr>
-HTML
-	my %metainfo = ();
-	while (1) {
-		$_ = <$fd>;
-		last unless defined $_;
-		my ($full_rev, $orig_lineno, $lineno, $group_size) =
-		    /^([0-9a-f]{40}) (\d+) (\d+)(?: (\d+))?$/;
-		if (!exists $metainfo{$full_rev}) {
-			$metainfo{$full_rev} = {};
-		}
-		my $meta = $metainfo{$full_rev};
-		while (<$fd>) {
-			last if (s/^\t//);
-			if (/^(\S+) (.*)$/) {
-				$meta->{$1} = $2;
-			}
-		}
-		my $data = $_;
-		chomp $data;
-		my $rev = substr($full_rev, 0, 8);
-		my $author = $meta->{'author'};
-		my %date = parse_date($meta->{'author-time'},
-		                      $meta->{'author-tz'});
-		my $date = $date{'iso-tz'};
-		if ($group_size) {
-			$current_color = ++$current_color % $num_colors;
-		}
-		print "<tr class=\"$rev_color[$current_color]\">\n";
-		if ($group_size) {
-			print "<td class=\"sha1\"";
-			print " title=\"". esc_html($author) . ", $date\"";
-			print " rowspan=\"$group_size\"" if ($group_size > 1);
-			print ">";
-			print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit",
-			                             hash=>$full_rev,
-			                             file_name=>$file_name)},
-			              esc_html($rev));
-			print "</td>\n";
+
+	if ($format eq 'incremental') {
+		my $color_class = $rev_color[$current_color];
+
+		#contents of a file
+		my $linenr = 0;
+	LINE:
+		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
+			chomp $line;
+			$linenr++;
+
+			print qq!<tr id="l$linenr" class="$color_class">!.
+			      qq!<td class="sha1"><a href=""> </a></td>!.
+			      qq!<td class="linenr">!.
+			      qq!<a class="linenr" href="">$linenr</a></td>!;
+			print qq!<td class="pre">! . esc_html($line) . "</td>\n";
+			print qq!</tr>\n!;
 		}
-		open (my $dd, "-|", git_cmd(), "rev-parse", "$full_rev^")
-			or die_error(500, "Open git-rev-parse failed");
-		my $parent_commit = <$dd>;
-		close $dd;
-		chomp($parent_commit);
-		my $blamed = href(action => 'blame',
-		                  file_name => $meta->{'filename'},
-		                  hash_base => $parent_commit);
-		print "<td class=\"linenr\">";
-		print $cgi->a({ -href => "$blamed#l$orig_lineno",
-		                -id => "l$lineno",
-		                -class => "linenr" },
-		              esc_html($lineno));
-		print "</td>";
-		print "<td class=\"pre\">" . esc_html($data) . "</td>\n";
-		print "</tr>\n";
+
+	} else { # porcelain, i.e. ordinary blame
+		my %metainfo = (); # saves information about commits
+
+		# blame data
+	LINE:
+		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
+			chomp $line;
+			# the header: <SHA-1> <src lineno> <dst lineno> [<lines in group>]
+			# no <lines in group> for subsequent lines in group of lines
+			my ($full_rev, $orig_lineno, $lineno, $group_size) =
+			   ($line =~ /^([0-9a-f]{40}) (\d+) (\d+)(?: (\d+))?$/);
+			if (!exists $metainfo{$full_rev}) {
+				$metainfo{$full_rev} = { 'nprevious' => 0 };
+			}
+			my $meta = $metainfo{$full_rev};
+			my $data;
+			while ($data = <$fd>) {
+				chomp $data;
+				last if ($data =~ s/^\t//); # contents of line
+				if ($data =~ /^(\S+)(?: (.*))?$/) {
+					$meta->{$1} = $2 unless exists $meta->{$1};
+				}
+				if ($data =~ /^previous /) {
+					$meta->{'nprevious'}++;
+				}
+			}
+			my $short_rev = substr($full_rev, 0, 8);
+			my $author = $meta->{'author'};
+			my %date =
+				parse_date($meta->{'author-time'}, $meta->{'author-tz'});
+			my $date = $date{'iso-tz'};
+			if ($group_size) {
+				$current_color = ($current_color + 1) % $num_colors;
+			}
+			my $tr_class = $rev_color[$current_color];
+			$tr_class .= ' boundary' if (exists $meta->{'boundary'});
+			$tr_class .= ' no-previous' if ($meta->{'nprevious'} == 0);
+			$tr_class .= ' multiple-previous' if ($meta->{'nprevious'} > 1);
+			print "<tr id=\"l$lineno\" class=\"$tr_class\">\n";
+			if ($group_size) {
+				print "<td class=\"sha1\"";
+				print " title=\"". esc_html($author) . ", $date\"";
+				print " rowspan=\"$group_size\"" if ($group_size > 1);
+				print ">";
+				print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit",
+				                             hash=>$full_rev,
+				                             file_name=>$file_name)},
+				              esc_html($short_rev));
+				if ($group_size >= 2) {
+					my @author_initials = ($author =~ /\b([[:upper:]])\B/g);
+					if (@author_initials) {
+						print "<br />" .
+						      esc_html(join('', @author_initials));
+						#           or join('.', ...)
+					}
+				}
+				print "</td>\n";
+			}
+			# 'previous' <sha1 of parent commit> <filename at commit>
+			if (exists $meta->{'previous'} &&
+			    $meta->{'previous'} =~ /^([a-fA-F0-9]{40}) (.*)$/) {
+				$meta->{'parent'} = $1;
+				$meta->{'file_parent'} = unquote($2);
+			}
+			my $linenr_commit =
+				exists($meta->{'parent'}) ?
+				$meta->{'parent'} : $full_rev;
+			my $linenr_filename =
+				exists($meta->{'file_parent'}) ?
+				$meta->{'file_parent'} : unquote($meta->{'filename'});
+			my $blamed = href(action => 'blame',
+			                  file_name => $linenr_filename,
+			                  hash_base => $linenr_commit);
+			print "<td class=\"linenr\">";
+			print $cgi->a({ -href => "$blamed#l$orig_lineno",
+			                -class => "linenr" },
+			              esc_html($lineno));
+			print "</td>";
+			print "<td class=\"pre\">" . esc_html($data) . "</td>\n";
+			print "</tr>\n";
+		} # end while
+
 	}
-	print "</table>\n";
-	print "</div>";
+
+	# footer
+	print "</tbody>\n".
+	      "</table>\n"; # class="blame"
+	print "</div>\n";   # class="blame_body"
 	close $fd
 		or print "Reading blob failed\n";
+
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
+sub git_blame {
+	git_blame_common();
+}
+
+sub git_blame_incremental {
+	git_blame_common('incremental');
+}
+
+sub git_blame_data {
+	git_blame_common('data');
+}
+
 sub git_tags {
 	my $head = git_get_head_hash($project);
 	git_header_html();
@@ -4719,15 +5234,25 @@ sub git_blob_plain {
 		$save_as .= '.txt';
 	}
 
+	# With XSS prevention on, blobs of all types except a few known safe
+	# ones are served with "Content-Disposition: attachment" to make sure
+	# they don't run in our security domain.  For certain image types,
+	# blob view writes an <img> tag referring to blob_plain view, and we
+	# want to be sure not to break that by serving the image as an
+	# attachment (though Firefox 3 doesn't seem to care).
+	my $sandbox = $prevent_xss &&
+		$type !~ m!^(?:text/plain|image/(?:gif|png|jpeg))$!;
+
 	print $cgi->header(
 		-type => $type,
 		-expires => $expires,
-		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . $save_as . '"');
-	undef $/;
+		-content_disposition =>
+			($sandbox ? 'attachment' : 'inline')
+			. '; filename="' . $save_as . '"');
+	local $/ = undef;
 	binmode STDOUT, ':raw';
 	print <$fd>;
 	binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'; # as set at the beginning of gitweb.cgi
-	$/ = "\n";
 	close $fd;
 }
 
@@ -4747,7 +5272,7 @@ sub git_blob {
 		$expires = "+1d";
 	}
 
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "cat-file", "blob", $hash
 		or die_error(500, "Couldn't cat $file_name, $hash");
 	my $mimetype = blob_mimetype($fd, $file_name);
@@ -4807,7 +5332,8 @@ sub git_blob {
 			chomp $line;
 			$nr++;
 			$line = untabify($line);
-			printf "<div class=\"pre\"><a id=\"l%i\" href=\"#l%i\" class=\"linenr\">%4i</a> %s</div>\n",
+			printf "<div class=\"pre\"><a id=\"l%i\" href=\"" . href(-replay => 1)
+				. "#l%i\" class=\"linenr\">%4i</a> %s</div>\n",
 			       $nr, $nr, $nr, esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
 		}
 	}
@@ -4829,18 +5355,25 @@ sub git_tree {
 		}
 	}
 	die_error(404, "No such tree") unless defined($hash);
-	$/ = "\0";
-	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", '-z', $hash
-		or die_error(500, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
-	my @entries = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
-	close $fd or die_error(404, "Reading tree failed");
-	$/ = "\n";
+
+	my $show_sizes = gitweb_check_feature('show-sizes');
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+
+	my @entries = ();
+	{
+		local $/ = "\0";
+		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "ls-tree", '-z',
+			($show_sizes ? '-l' : ()), @extra_options, $hash
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-ls-tree failed");
+		@entries = map { chomp; $_ } <$fd>;
+		close $fd
+			or die_error(404, "Reading tree failed");
+	}
 
 	my $refs = git_get_references();
 	my $ref = format_ref_marker($refs, $hash_base);
 	git_header_html();
 	my $basedir = '';
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 	if (defined $hash_base && (my %co = parse_commit($hash_base))) {
 		my @views_nav = ();
 		if (defined $file_name) {
@@ -4856,7 +5389,8 @@ sub git_tree {
 			# FIXME: Should be available when we have no hash base as well.
 			push @views_nav, $snapshot_links;
 		}
-		git_print_page_nav('tree','', $hash_base, undef, undef, join(' | ', @views_nav));
+		git_print_page_nav('tree','', $hash_base, undef, undef,
+		                   join(' | ', @views_nav));
 		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref, $hash_base);
 	} else {
 		undef $hash_base;
@@ -4889,8 +5423,10 @@ sub git_tree {
 		undef $up unless $up;
 		# based on git_print_tree_entry
 		print '<td class="mode">' . mode_str('040000') . "</td>\n";
+		print '<td class="size">&nbsp;</td>'."\n" if $show_sizes;
 		print '<td class="list">';
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash_base=>$hash_base,
+		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree",
+		                             hash_base=>$hash_base,
 		                             file_name=>$up)},
 		              "..");
 		print "</td>\n";
@@ -4899,7 +5435,7 @@ sub git_tree {
 		print "</tr>\n";
 	}
 	foreach my $line (@entries) {
-		my %t = parse_ls_tree_line($line, -z => 1);
+		my %t = parse_ls_tree_line($line, -z => 1, -l => $show_sizes);
 
 		if ($alternate) {
 			print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
@@ -4917,6 +5453,43 @@ sub git_tree {
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
+sub snapshot_name {
+	my ($project, $hash) = @_;
+
+	# path/to/project.git  -> project
+	# path/to/project/.git -> project
+	my $name = to_utf8($project);
+	$name =~ s,([^/])/*\.git$,$1,;
+	$name = basename($name);
+	# sanitize name
+	$name =~ s/[[:cntrl:]]/?/g;
+
+	my $ver = $hash;
+	if ($hash =~ /^[0-9a-fA-F]+$/) {
+		# shorten SHA-1 hash
+		my $full_hash = git_get_full_hash($project, $hash);
+		if ($full_hash =~ /^$hash/ && length($hash) > 7) {
+			$ver = git_get_short_hash($project, $hash);
+		}
+	} elsif ($hash =~ m!^refs/tags/(.*)$!) {
+		# tags don't need shortened SHA-1 hash
+		$ver = $1;
+	} else {
+		# branches and other need shortened SHA-1 hash
+		if ($hash =~ m!^refs/(?:heads|remotes)/(.*)$!) {
+			$ver = $1;
+		}
+		$ver .= '-' . git_get_short_hash($project, $hash);
+	}
+	# in case of hierarchical branch names
+	$ver =~ s!/!.!g;
+
+	# name = project-version_string
+	$name = "$name-$ver";
+
+	return wantarray ? ($name, $name) : $name;
+}
+
 sub git_snapshot {
 	my $format = $input_params{'snapshot_format'};
 	if (!@snapshot_fmts) {
@@ -4928,32 +5501,33 @@ sub git_snapshot {
 		die_error(400, "Invalid snapshot format parameter");
 	} elsif (!exists($known_snapshot_formats{$format})) {
 		die_error(400, "Unknown snapshot format");
+	} elsif ($known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'disabled'}) {
+		die_error(403, "Snapshot format not allowed");
 	} elsif (!grep($_ eq $format, @snapshot_fmts)) {
 		die_error(403, "Unsupported snapshot format");
 	}
 
-	if (!defined $hash) {
-		$hash = git_get_head_hash($project);
+	my $type = git_get_type("$hash^{}");
+	if (!$type) {
+		die_error(404, 'Object does not exist');
+	}  elsif ($type eq 'blob') {
+		die_error(400, 'Object is not a tree-ish');
 	}
 
-	my $name = $project;
-	$name =~ s,([^/])/*\.git$,$1,;
-	$name = basename($name);
-	my $filename = to_utf8($name);
-	$name =~ s/\047/\047\\\047\047/g;
-	my $cmd;
-	$filename .= "-$hash$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'suffix'}";
-	$cmd = quote_command(
+	my ($name, $prefix) = snapshot_name($project, $hash);
+	my $filename = "$name$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'suffix'}";
+	my $cmd = quote_command(
 		git_cmd(), 'archive',
 		"--format=$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'format'}",
-		"--prefix=$name/", $hash);
+		"--prefix=$prefix/", $hash);
 	if (exists $known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'compressor'}) {
 		$cmd .= ' | ' . quote_command(@{$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'compressor'}});
 	}
 
+	$filename =~ s/(["\\])/\\$1/g;
 	print $cgi->header(
 		-type => $known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'type'},
-		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . "$filename" . '"',
+		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . $filename . '"',
 		-status => '200 OK');
 
 	open my $fd, "-|", $cmd
@@ -4964,71 +5538,89 @@ sub git_snapshot {
 	close $fd;
 }
 
-sub git_log {
+sub git_log_generic {
+	my ($fmt_name, $body_subr, $base, $parent, $file_name, $file_hash) = @_;
+
 	my $head = git_get_head_hash($project);
-	if (!defined $hash) {
-		$hash = $head;
+	if (!defined $base) {
+		$base = $head;
 	}
 	if (!defined $page) {
 		$page = 0;
 	}
 	my $refs = git_get_references();
 
-	my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash, 101, (100 * $page));
-
-	my $paging_nav = format_paging_nav('log', $hash, $head, $page, $#commitlist >= 100);
+	my $commit_hash = $base;
+	if (defined $parent) {
+		$commit_hash = "$parent..$base";
+	}
+	my @commitlist =
+		parse_commits($commit_hash, 101, (100 * $page),
+		              defined $file_name ? ($file_name, "--full-history") : ());
 
-	git_header_html();
-	git_print_page_nav('log','', $hash,undef,undef, $paging_nav);
+	my $ftype;
+	if (!defined $file_hash && defined $file_name) {
+		# some commits could have deleted file in question,
+		# and not have it in tree, but one of them has to have it
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < @commitlist; $i++) {
+			$file_hash = git_get_hash_by_path($commitlist[$i]{'id'}, $file_name);
+			last if defined $file_hash;
+		}
+	}
+	if (defined $file_hash) {
+		$ftype = git_get_type($file_hash);
+	}
+	if (defined $file_name && !defined $ftype) {
+		die_error(500, "Unknown type of object");
+	}
+	my %co;
+	if (defined $file_name) {
+		%co = parse_commit($base)
+			or die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
+	}
 
-	if (!@commitlist) {
-		my %co = parse_commit($hash);
 
-		git_print_header_div('summary', $project);
-		print "<div class=\"page_body\"> Last change $co{'age_string'}.<br/><br/></div>\n";
+	my $paging_nav = format_paging_nav($fmt_name, $page, $#commitlist >= 100);
+	my $next_link = '';
+	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
+		$next_link =
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
+			         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
 	}
-	my $to = ($#commitlist >= 99) ? (99) : ($#commitlist);
-	for (my $i = 0; $i <= $to; $i++) {
-		my %co = %{$commitlist[$i]};
-		next if !%co;
-		my $commit = $co{'id'};
-		my $ref = format_ref_marker($refs, $commit);
-		my %ad = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'});
-		git_print_header_div('commit',
-		               "<span class=\"age\">$co{'age_string'}</span>" .
-		               esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref,
-		               $commit);
-		print "<div class=\"title_text\">\n" .
-		      "<div class=\"log_link\">\n" .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commit", hash=>$commit)}, "commit") .
-		      " | " .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff", hash=>$commit)}, "commitdiff") .
-		      " | " .
-		      $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"tree", hash=>$commit, hash_base=>$commit)}, "tree") .
-		      "<br/>\n" .
-		      "</div>\n" .
-		      "<i>" . esc_html($co{'author_name'}) .  " [$ad{'rfc2822'}]</i><br/>\n" .
-		      "</div>\n";
-
-		print "<div class=\"log_body\">\n";
-		git_print_log($co{'comment'}, -final_empty_line=> 1);
-		print "</div>\n";
+	my $patch_max = gitweb_get_feature('patches');
+	if ($patch_max && !defined $file_name) {
+		if ($patch_max < 0 || @commitlist <= $patch_max) {
+			$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patches", -replay=>1)},
+					"patches");
+		}
 	}
-	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
-		print "<div class=\"page_nav\">\n";
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
-			       -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
-		print "</div>\n";
+
+	git_header_html();
+	git_print_page_nav($fmt_name,'', $hash,$hash,$hash, $paging_nav);
+	if (defined $file_name) {
+		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $base);
+	} else {
+		git_print_header_div('summary', $project)
 	}
+	git_print_page_path($file_name, $ftype, $hash_base)
+		if (defined $file_name);
+
+	$body_subr->(\@commitlist, 0, 99, $refs, $next_link,
+	             $file_name, $file_hash, $ftype);
+
 	git_footer_html();
 }
 
+sub git_log {
+	git_log_generic('log', \&git_log_body,
+	                $hash, $hash_parent);
+}
+
 sub git_commit {
 	$hash ||= $hash_base || "HEAD";
 	my %co = parse_commit($hash)
 	    or die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
-	my %ad = parse_date($co{'author_epoch'}, $co{'author_tz'});
-	my %cd = parse_date($co{'committer_epoch'}, $co{'committer_tz'});
 
 	my $parent  = $co{'parent'};
 	my $parents = $co{'parents'}; # listref
@@ -5057,6 +5649,11 @@ sub git_commit {
 			} @$parents ) .
 			')';
 	}
+	if (gitweb_check_feature('patches') && @$parents <= 1) {
+		$formats_nav .= " | " .
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patch", -replay=>1)},
+				"patch");
+	}
 
 	if (!defined $parent) {
 		$parent = "--root";
@@ -5090,22 +5687,7 @@ sub git_commit {
 	}
 	print "<div class=\"title_text\">\n" .
 	      "<table class=\"object_header\">\n";
-	print "<tr><td>author</td><td>" . esc_html($co{'author'}) . "</td></tr>\n".
-	      "<tr>" .
-	      "<td></td><td> $ad{'rfc2822'}";
-	if ($ad{'hour_local'} < 6) {
-		printf(" (<span class=\"atnight\">%02d:%02d</span> %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
-	} else {
-		printf(" (%02d:%02d %s)",
-		       $ad{'hour_local'}, $ad{'minute_local'}, $ad{'tz_local'});
-	}
-	print "</td>" .
-	      "</tr>\n";
-	print "<tr><td>committer</td><td>" . esc_html($co{'committer'}) . "</td></tr>\n";
-	print "<tr><td></td><td> $cd{'rfc2822'}" .
-	      sprintf(" (%02d:%02d %s)", $cd{'hour_local'}, $cd{'minute_local'}, $cd{'tz_local'}) .
-	      "</td></tr>\n";
+	git_print_authorship_rows(\%co);
 	print "<tr><td>commit</td><td class=\"sha1\">$co{'id'}</td></tr>\n";
 	print "<tr>" .
 	      "<td>tree</td>" .
@@ -5266,43 +5848,9 @@ sub git_blobdiff {
 			or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
 	}
 
-	# old/legacy style URI
-	if (!%diffinfo && # if new style URI failed
-	    defined $hash && defined $hash_parent) {
-		# fake git-diff-tree raw output
-		$diffinfo{'from_mode'} = $diffinfo{'to_mode'} = "blob";
-		$diffinfo{'from_id'} = $hash_parent;
-		$diffinfo{'to_id'}   = $hash;
-		if (defined $file_name) {
-			if (defined $file_parent) {
-				$diffinfo{'status'} = '2';
-				$diffinfo{'from_file'} = $file_parent;
-				$diffinfo{'to_file'}   = $file_name;
-			} else { # assume not renamed
-				$diffinfo{'status'} = '1';
-				$diffinfo{'from_file'} = $file_name;
-				$diffinfo{'to_file'}   = $file_name;
-			}
-		} else { # no filename given
-			$diffinfo{'status'} = '2';
-			$diffinfo{'from_file'} = $hash_parent;
-			$diffinfo{'to_file'}   = $hash;
-		}
-
-		# non-textual hash id's can be cached
-		if ($hash =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/ &&
-		    $hash_parent =~ m/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/) {
-			$expires = '+1d';
-		}
-
-		# open patch output
-		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff", @diff_opts,
-			'-p', ($format eq 'html' ? "--full-index" : ()),
-			$hash_parent, $hash, "--"
-			or die_error(500, "Open git-diff failed");
-	} else  {
-		die_error(400, "Missing one of the blob diff parameters")
-			unless %diffinfo;
+	# old/legacy style URI -- not generated anymore since 1.4.3.
+	if (!%diffinfo) {
+		die_error('404 Not Found', "Missing one of the blob diff parameters")
 	}
 
 	# header
@@ -5367,7 +5915,14 @@ sub git_blobdiff_plain {
 }
 
 sub git_commitdiff {
-	my $format = shift || 'html';
+	my %params = @_;
+	my $format = $params{-format} || 'html';
+
+	my ($patch_max) = gitweb_get_feature('patches');
+	if ($format eq 'patch') {
+		die_error(403, "Patch view not allowed") unless $patch_max;
+	}
+
 	$hash ||= $hash_base || "HEAD";
 	my %co = parse_commit($hash)
 	    or die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
@@ -5382,6 +5937,11 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 		$formats_nav =
 			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff_plain", -replay=>1)},
 			        "raw");
+		if ($patch_max && @{$co{'parents'}} <= 1) {
+			$formats_nav .= " | " .
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patch", -replay=>1)},
+					"patch");
+		}
 
 		if (defined $hash_parent &&
 		    $hash_parent ne '-c' && $hash_parent ne '--cc') {
@@ -5465,7 +6025,31 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "diff-tree", '-r', @diff_opts,
 			'-p', $hash_parent_param, $hash, "--"
 			or die_error(500, "Open git-diff-tree failed");
-
+	} elsif ($format eq 'patch') {
+		# For commit ranges, we limit the output to the number of
+		# patches specified in the 'patches' feature.
+		# For single commits, we limit the output to a single patch,
+		# diverging from the git-format-patch default.
+		my @commit_spec = ();
+		if ($hash_parent) {
+			if ($patch_max > 0) {
+				push @commit_spec, "-$patch_max";
+			}
+			push @commit_spec, '-n', "$hash_parent..$hash";
+		} else {
+			if ($params{-single}) {
+				push @commit_spec, '-1';
+			} else {
+				if ($patch_max > 0) {
+					push @commit_spec, "-$patch_max";
+				}
+				push @commit_spec, "-n";
+			}
+			push @commit_spec, '--root', $hash;
+		}
+		open $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), "format-patch", '--encoding=utf8',
+			'--stdout', @commit_spec
+			or die_error(500, "Open git-format-patch failed");
 	} else {
 		die_error(400, "Unknown commitdiff format");
 	}
@@ -5484,7 +6068,11 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 		git_header_html(undef, $expires);
 		git_print_page_nav('commitdiff','', $hash,$co{'tree'},$hash, $formats_nav);
 		git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}) . $ref, $hash);
-		git_print_authorship(\%co);
+		print "<div class=\"title_text\">\n" .
+		      "<table class=\"object_header\">\n";
+		git_print_authorship_rows(\%co);
+		print "</table>".
+		      "</div>\n";
 		print "<div class=\"page_body\">\n";
 		if (@{$co{'comment'}} > 1) {
 			print "<div class=\"log\">\n";
@@ -5514,6 +6102,14 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 			print to_utf8($line) . "\n";
 		}
 		print "---\n\n";
+	} elsif ($format eq 'patch') {
+		my $filename = basename($project) . "-$hash.patch";
+
+		print $cgi->header(
+			-type => 'text/plain',
+			-charset => 'utf-8',
+			-expires => $expires,
+			-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . "$filename" . '"');
 	}
 
 	# write patch
@@ -5535,78 +6131,31 @@ sub git_commitdiff {
 		print <$fd>;
 		close $fd
 			or print "Reading git-diff-tree failed\n";
+	} elsif ($format eq 'patch') {
+		local $/ = undef;
+		print <$fd>;
+		close $fd
+			or print "Reading git-format-patch failed\n";
 	}
 }
 
 sub git_commitdiff_plain {
-	git_commitdiff('plain');
+	git_commitdiff(-format => 'plain');
 }
 
-sub git_history {
-	if (!defined $hash_base) {
-		$hash_base = git_get_head_hash($project);
-	}
-	if (!defined $page) {
-		$page = 0;
-	}
-	my $ftype;
-	my %co = parse_commit($hash_base)
-	    or die_error(404, "Unknown commit object");
-
-	my $refs = git_get_references();
-	my $limit = sprintf("--max-count=%i", (100 * ($page+1)));
-
-	my @commitlist = parse_commits($hash_base, 101, (100 * $page),
-	                               $file_name, "--full-history")
-	    or die_error(404, "No such file or directory on given branch");
-
-	if (!defined $hash && defined $file_name) {
-		# some commits could have deleted file in question,
-		# and not have it in tree, but one of them has to have it
-		for (my $i = 0; $i <= @commitlist; $i++) {
-			$hash = git_get_hash_by_path($commitlist[$i]{'id'}, $file_name);
-			last if defined $hash;
-		}
-	}
-	if (defined $hash) {
-		$ftype = git_get_type($hash);
-	}
-	if (!defined $ftype) {
-		die_error(500, "Unknown type of object");
-	}
-
-	my $paging_nav = '';
-	if ($page > 0) {
-		$paging_nav .=
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"history", hash=>$hash, hash_base=>$hash_base,
-			                       file_name=>$file_name)},
-			        "first");
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; " .
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page-1),
-			         -accesskey => "p", -title => "Alt-p"}, "prev");
-	} else {
-		$paging_nav .= "first";
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; prev";
-	}
-	my $next_link = '';
-	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
-		$next_link =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
-			         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; $next_link";
-	} else {
-		$paging_nav .= " &sdot; next";
-	}
-
-	git_header_html();
-	git_print_page_nav('history','', $hash_base,$co{'tree'},$hash_base, $paging_nav);
-	git_print_header_div('commit', esc_html($co{'title'}), $hash_base);
-	git_print_page_path($file_name, $ftype, $hash_base);
+# format-patch-style patches
+sub git_patch {
+	git_commitdiff(-format => 'patch', -single => 1);
+}
 
-	git_history_body(\@commitlist, 0, 99,
-	                 $refs, $hash_base, $ftype, $next_link);
+sub git_patches {
+	git_commitdiff(-format => 'patch');
+}
 
-	git_footer_html();
+sub git_history {
+	git_log_generic('history', \&git_history_body,
+	                $hash_base, $hash_parent_base,
+	                $file_name, $hash);
 }
 
 sub git_search {
@@ -5691,7 +6240,7 @@ sub git_search {
 
 		print "<table class=\"pickaxe search\">\n";
 		my $alternate = 1;
-		$/ = "\n";
+		local $/ = "\n";
 		open my $fd, '-|', git_cmd(), '--no-pager', 'log', @diff_opts,
 			'--pretty=format:%H', '--no-abbrev', '--raw', "-S$searchtext",
 			($search_use_regexp ? '--pickaxe-regex' : ());
@@ -5761,7 +6310,7 @@ sub git_search {
 		print "<table class=\"grep_search\">\n";
 		my $alternate = 1;
 		my $matches = 0;
-		$/ = "\n";
+		local $/ = "\n";
 		open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), 'grep', '-n',
 			$search_use_regexp ? ('-E', '-i') : '-F',
 			$searchtext, $co{'tree'};
@@ -5838,7 +6387,7 @@ insensitive).</p>
 <dt><b>commit</b></dt>
 <dd>The commit messages and authorship information will be scanned for the given pattern.</dd>
 EOT
-	my ($have_grep) = gitweb_check_feature('grep');
+	my $have_grep = gitweb_check_feature('grep');
 	if ($have_grep) {
 		print <<EOT;
 <dt><b>grep</b></dt>
@@ -5855,7 +6404,7 @@ EOT
 <dt><b>committer</b></dt>
 <dd>Name and e-mail of the committer and date of commit will be scanned for the given pattern.</dd>
 EOT
-	my ($have_pickaxe) = gitweb_check_feature('pickaxe');
+	my $have_pickaxe = gitweb_check_feature('pickaxe');
 	if ($have_pickaxe) {
 		print <<EOT;
 <dt><b>pickaxe</b></dt>
@@ -5870,36 +6419,8 @@ EOT
 }
 
 sub git_shortlog {
-	my $head = git_get_head_hash($project);
-	if (!defined $hash) {
-		$hash = $head;
-	}
-	if (!defined $page) {
-		$page = 0;
-	}
-	my $refs = git_get_references();
-
-	my $commit_hash = $hash;
-	if (defined $hash_parent) {
-		$commit_hash = "$hash_parent..$hash";
-	}
-	my @commitlist = parse_commits($commit_hash, 101, (100 * $page));
-
-	my $paging_nav = format_paging_nav('shortlog', $hash, $head, $page, $#commitlist >= 100);
-	my $next_link = '';
-	if ($#commitlist >= 100) {
-		$next_link =
-			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, page=>$page+1),
-			         -accesskey => "n", -title => "Alt-n"}, "next");
-	}
-
-	git_header_html();
-	git_print_page_nav('shortlog','', $hash,$hash,$hash, $paging_nav);
-	git_print_header_div('summary', $project);
-
-	git_shortlog_body(\@commitlist, 0, 99, $refs, $next_link);
-
-	git_footer_html();
+	git_log_generic('shortlog', \&git_shortlog_body,
+	                $hash, $hash_parent);
 }
 
 ## ......................................................................
@@ -5907,7 +6428,7 @@ sub git_shortlog {
 
 sub git_feed {
 	my $format = shift || 'atom';
-	my ($have_blame) = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
+	my $have_blame = gitweb_check_feature('blame');
 
 	# Atom: http://www.atomenabled.org/developers/syndication/
 	# RSS:  http://www.notestips.com/80256B3A007F2692/1/NAMO5P9UPQ
@@ -5929,7 +6450,25 @@ sub git_feed {
 	}
 	if (defined($commitlist[0])) {
 		%latest_commit = %{$commitlist[0]};
-		%latest_date   = parse_date($latest_commit{'author_epoch'});
+		my $latest_epoch = $latest_commit{'committer_epoch'};
+		%latest_date   = parse_date($latest_epoch);
+		my $if_modified = $cgi->http('IF_MODIFIED_SINCE');
+		if (defined $if_modified) {
+			my $since;
+			if (eval { require HTTP::Date; 1; }) {
+				$since = HTTP::Date::str2time($if_modified);
+			} elsif (eval { require Time::ParseDate; 1; }) {
+				$since = Time::ParseDate::parsedate($if_modified, GMT => 1);
+			}
+			if (defined $since && $latest_epoch <= $since) {
+				print $cgi->header(
+					-type => $content_type,
+					-charset => 'utf-8',
+					-last_modified => $latest_date{'rfc2822'},
+					-status => '304 Not Modified');
+				return;
+			}
+		}
 		print $cgi->header(
 			-type => $content_type,
 			-charset => 'utf-8',
@@ -5988,7 +6527,24 @@ XML
 		print "<title>$title</title>\n" .
 		      "<link>$alt_url</link>\n" .
 		      "<description>$descr</description>\n" .
-		      "<language>en</language>\n";
+		      "<language>en</language>\n" .
+		      # project owner is responsible for 'editorial' content
+		      "<managingEditor>$owner</managingEditor>\n";
+		if (defined $logo || defined $favicon) {
+			# prefer the logo to the favicon, since RSS
+			# doesn't allow both
+			my $img = esc_url($logo || $favicon);
+			print "<image>\n" .
+			      "<url>$img</url>\n" .
+			      "<title>$title</title>\n" .
+			      "<link>$alt_url</link>\n" .
+			      "</image>\n";
+		}
+		if (%latest_date) {
+			print "<pubDate>$latest_date{'rfc2822'}</pubDate>\n";
+			print "<lastBuildDate>$latest_date{'rfc2822'}</lastBuildDate>\n";
+		}
+		print "<generator>gitweb v.$version/$git_version</generator>\n";
 	} elsif ($format eq 'atom') {
 		print <<XML;
 <feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
@@ -6015,6 +6571,7 @@ XML
 		} else {
 			print "<updated>$latest_date{'iso-8601'}</updated>\n";
 		}
+		print "<generator version='$version/$git_version'>gitweb</generator>\n";
 	}
 
 	# contents
@@ -6120,7 +6677,7 @@ XML
 	# end of feed
 	if ($format eq 'rss') {
 		print "</channel>\n</rss>\n";
-	}	elsif ($format eq 'atom') {
+	} elsif ($format eq 'atom') {
 		print "</feed>\n";
 	}
 }
@@ -6136,7 +6693,11 @@ sub git_atom {
 sub git_opml {
 	my @list = git_get_projects_list();
 
-	print $cgi->header(-type => 'text/xml', -charset => 'utf-8');
+	print $cgi->header(
+		-type => 'text/xml',
+		-charset => 'utf-8',
+		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="opml.xml"');
+
 	print <<XML;
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <opml version="1.0">
@@ -6160,8 +6721,8 @@ XML
 		}
 
 		my $path = esc_html(chop_str($proj{'path'}, 25, 5));
-		my $rss  = "$my_url?p=$proj{'path'};a=rss";
-		my $html = "$my_url?p=$proj{'path'};a=summary";
+		my $rss  = href('project' => $proj{'path'}, 'action' => 'rss', -full => 1);
+		my $html = href('project' => $proj{'path'}, 'action' => 'summary', -full => 1);
 		print "<outline type=\"rss\" text=\"$path\" title=\"$path\" xmlUrl=\"$rss\" htmlUrl=\"$html\"/>\n";
 	}
 	print <<XML;
diff --git a/graph.c b/graph.c
index 162a516ee..6746d422a 100644
--- a/graph.c
+++ b/graph.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "color.h"
 #include "graph.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
  * newline.  A new graph line will not be printed after the final newline.
  * If the strbuf is empty, no output will be printed.
  *
- * Since the first line will not include the graph ouput, the caller is
+ * Since the first line will not include the graph output, the caller is
  * responsible for printing this line's graph (perhaps via
  * graph_show_commit() or graph_show_oneline()) before calling
  * graph_show_strbuf().
@@ -43,27 +44,9 @@ static void graph_show_strbuf(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf const *sb);
 
 /*
  * TODO:
- * - Add colors to the graph.
- *   Pick a color for each column, and print all characters
- *   in that column with the specified color.
- *
  * - Limit the number of columns, similar to the way gitk does.
  *   If we reach more than a specified number of columns, omit
  *   sections of some columns.
- *
- * - The output during the GRAPH_PRE_COMMIT and GRAPH_COLLAPSING states
- *   could be made more compact by printing horizontal lines, instead of
- *   long diagonal lines.  For example, during collapsing, something like
- *   this:          instead of this:
- *   | | | | |      | | | | |
- *   | |_|_|/       | | | |/
- *   |/| | |        | | |/|
- *   | | | |        | |/| |
- *                  |/| | |
- *                  | | | |
- *
- *   If there are several parallel diagonal lines, they will need to be
- *   replaced with horizontal lines on subsequent rows.
  */
 
 struct column {
@@ -72,9 +55,10 @@ struct column {
 	 */
 	struct commit *commit;
 	/*
-	 * XXX: Once we add support for colors, struct column could also
-	 * contain the color of its branch line.
+	 * The color to (optionally) print this column in.  This is an
+	 * index into column_colors.
 	 */
+	unsigned short color;
 };
 
 enum graph_state {
@@ -86,6 +70,41 @@ enum graph_state {
 	GRAPH_COLLAPSING
 };
 
+/*
+ * The list of available column colors.
+ */
+static char column_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,
+	GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,
+	GIT_COLOR_BLUE,
+	GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA,
+	GIT_COLOR_CYAN,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_RED,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_GREEN,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_YELLOW,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_BLUE,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_MAGENTA,
+	GIT_COLOR_BOLD GIT_COLOR_CYAN,
+};
+
+#define COLUMN_COLORS_MAX (ARRAY_SIZE(column_colors))
+
+static const char *column_get_color_code(const struct column *c)
+{
+	return column_colors[c->color];
+}
+
+static void strbuf_write_column(struct strbuf *sb, const struct column *c,
+				char col_char)
+{
+	if (c->color < COLUMN_COLORS_MAX)
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, column_get_color_code(c));
+	strbuf_addch(sb, col_char);
+	if (c->color < COLUMN_COLORS_MAX)
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+}
+
 struct git_graph {
 	/*
 	 * The commit currently being processed
@@ -185,6 +204,11 @@ struct git_graph {
 	 * temporary array each time we have to output a collapsing line.
 	 */
 	int *new_mapping;
+	/*
+	 * The current default column color being used.  This is
+	 * stored as an index into the array column_colors.
+	 */
+	unsigned short default_column_color;
 };
 
 struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt)
@@ -201,6 +225,12 @@ struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt)
 	graph->num_columns = 0;
 	graph->num_new_columns = 0;
 	graph->mapping_size = 0;
+	/*
+	 * Start the column color at the maximum value, since we'll
+	 * always increment it for the first commit we output.
+	 * This way we start at 0 for the first commit.
+	 */
+	graph->default_column_color = COLUMN_COLORS_MAX - 1;
 
 	/*
 	 * Allocate a reasonably large default number of columns
@@ -261,9 +291,10 @@ static int graph_is_interesting(struct git_graph *graph, struct commit *commit)
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Uninteresting and pruned commits won't be printed
+	 * Otherwise, use get_commit_action() to see if this commit is
+	 * interesting
 	 */
-	return (commit->object.flags & (UNINTERESTING | TREESAME)) ? 0 : 1;
+	return get_commit_action(graph->revs, commit) == commit_show;
 }
 
 static struct commit_list *next_interesting_parent(struct git_graph *graph,
@@ -312,6 +343,33 @@ static struct commit_list *first_interesting_parent(struct git_graph *graph)
 	return next_interesting_parent(graph, parents);
 }
 
+static unsigned short graph_get_current_column_color(const struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&graph->revs->diffopt, COLOR_DIFF))
+		return COLUMN_COLORS_MAX;
+	return graph->default_column_color;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update the graph's default column color.
+ */
+static void graph_increment_column_color(struct git_graph *graph)
+{
+	graph->default_column_color = (graph->default_column_color + 1) %
+		COLUMN_COLORS_MAX;
+}
+
+static unsigned short graph_find_commit_color(const struct git_graph *graph,
+					      const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		if (graph->columns[i].commit == commit)
+			return graph->columns[i].color;
+	}
+	return graph_get_current_column_color(graph);
+}
+
 static void graph_insert_into_new_columns(struct git_graph *graph,
 					  struct commit *commit,
 					  int *mapping_index)
@@ -334,6 +392,7 @@ static void graph_insert_into_new_columns(struct git_graph *graph,
 	 * This commit isn't already in new_columns.  Add it.
 	 */
 	graph->new_columns[graph->num_new_columns].commit = commit;
+	graph->new_columns[graph->num_new_columns].color = graph_find_commit_color(graph, commit);
 	graph->mapping[*mapping_index] = graph->num_new_columns;
 	*mapping_index += 2;
 	graph->num_new_columns++;
@@ -445,6 +504,15 @@ static void graph_update_columns(struct git_graph *graph)
 			for (parent = first_interesting_parent(graph);
 			     parent;
 			     parent = next_interesting_parent(graph, parent)) {
+				/*
+				 * If this is a merge, or the start of a new
+				 * childless column, increment the current
+				 * color.
+				 */
+				if (graph->num_parents > 1 ||
+				    !is_commit_in_columns) {
+					graph_increment_column_color(graph);
+				}
 				graph_insert_into_new_columns(graph,
 							      parent->item,
 							      &mapping_idx);
@@ -560,7 +628,8 @@ static int graph_is_mapping_correct(struct git_graph *graph)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void graph_pad_horizontally(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+static void graph_pad_horizontally(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb,
+				   int chars_written)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Add additional spaces to the end of the strbuf, so that all
@@ -570,10 +639,10 @@ static void graph_pad_horizontally(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 	 * aligned for the entire commit.
 	 */
 	int extra;
-	if (sb->len >= graph->width)
+	if (chars_written >= graph->width)
 		return;
 
-	extra = graph->width - sb->len;
+	extra = graph->width - chars_written;
 	strbuf_addf(sb, "%*s", (int) extra, "");
 }
 
@@ -596,10 +665,11 @@ static void graph_output_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph,
 	 * Output a padding row, that leaves all branch lines unchanged
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_new_columns; i++) {
-		strbuf_addstr(sb, "| ");
+		strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[i], '|');
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
 	}
 
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->num_new_columns * 2);
 }
 
 static void graph_output_skip_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
@@ -609,7 +679,7 @@ static void graph_output_skip_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 	 * of the graph is missing.
 	 */
 	strbuf_addstr(sb, "...");
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, 3);
 
 	if (graph->num_parents >= 3 &&
 	    graph->commit_index < (graph->num_columns - 1))
@@ -623,6 +693,7 @@ static void graph_output_pre_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph,
 {
 	int num_expansion_rows;
 	int i, seen_this;
+	int chars_written;
 
 	/*
 	 * This function formats a row that increases the space around a commit
@@ -645,11 +716,14 @@ static void graph_output_pre_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph,
 	 * Output the row
 	 */
 	seen_this = 0;
+	chars_written = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_columns; i++) {
 		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
 		if (col->commit == graph->commit) {
 			seen_this = 1;
-			strbuf_addf(sb, "| %*s", graph->expansion_row, "");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "%*s", graph->expansion_row, "");
+			chars_written += 1 + graph->expansion_row;
 		} else if (seen_this && (graph->expansion_row == 0)) {
 			/*
 			 * This is the first line of the pre-commit output.
@@ -662,17 +736,22 @@ static void graph_output_pre_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph,
 			 */
 			if (graph->prev_state == GRAPH_POST_MERGE &&
 			    graph->prev_commit_index < i)
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, "\\ ");
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
 			else
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, "| ");
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
 		} else if (seen_this && (graph->expansion_row > 0)) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\\ ");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			chars_written++;
 		} else {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "| ");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
 		}
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+		chars_written++;
 	}
 
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, chars_written);
 
 	/*
 	 * Increment graph->expansion_row,
@@ -714,10 +793,34 @@ static void graph_output_commit_char(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 	strbuf_addch(sb, '*');
 }
 
+/*
+ * Draw an octopus merge and return the number of characters written.
+ */
+static int graph_draw_octopus_merge(struct git_graph *graph,
+				    struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Here dashless_commits represents the number of parents
+	 * which don't need to have dashes (because their edges fit
+	 * neatly under the commit).
+	 */
+	const int dashless_commits = 2;
+	int col_num, i;
+	int num_dashes =
+		((graph->num_parents - dashless_commits) * 2) - 1;
+	for (i = 0; i < num_dashes; i++) {
+		col_num = (i / 2) + dashless_commits;
+		strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[col_num], '-');
+	}
+	col_num = (i / 2) + dashless_commits;
+	strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[col_num], '.');
+	return num_dashes + 1;
+}
+
 static void graph_output_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	int seen_this = 0;
-	int i, j;
+	int i, chars_written;
 
 	/*
 	 * Output the row containing this commit
@@ -727,7 +830,9 @@ static void graph_output_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 	 * children that we have already processed.)
 	 */
 	seen_this = 0;
+	chars_written = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i <= graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
 		struct commit *col_commit;
 		if (i == graph->num_columns) {
 			if (seen_this)
@@ -740,18 +845,14 @@ static void graph_output_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 		if (col_commit == graph->commit) {
 			seen_this = 1;
 			graph_output_commit_char(graph, sb);
+			chars_written++;
 
-			if (graph->num_parents < 3)
-				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-			else {
-				int num_dashes =
-					((graph->num_parents - 2) * 2) - 1;
-				for (j = 0; j < num_dashes; j++)
-					strbuf_addch(sb, '-');
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, ". ");
-			}
+			if (graph->num_parents > 2)
+				chars_written += graph_draw_octopus_merge(graph,
+									  sb);
 		} else if (seen_this && (graph->num_parents > 2)) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\\ ");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			chars_written++;
 		} else if (seen_this && (graph->num_parents == 2)) {
 			/*
 			 * This is a 2-way merge commit.
@@ -768,15 +869,19 @@ static void graph_output_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 			 */
 			if (graph->prev_state == GRAPH_POST_MERGE &&
 			    graph->prev_commit_index < i)
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, "\\ ");
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
 			else
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, "| ");
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
 		} else {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "| ");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			chars_written++;
 		}
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+		chars_written++;
 	}
 
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, chars_written);
 
 	/*
 	 * Update graph->state
@@ -789,37 +894,75 @@ static void graph_output_commit_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_COLLAPSING);
 }
 
+static struct column *find_new_column_by_commit(struct git_graph *graph,
+						struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_new_columns; i++) {
+		if (graph->new_columns[i].commit == commit)
+			return &graph->new_columns[i];
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 static void graph_output_post_merge_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	int seen_this = 0;
-	int i, j;
+	int i, j, chars_written;
 
 	/*
 	 * Output the post-merge row
 	 */
+	chars_written = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i <= graph->num_columns; i++) {
+		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
 		struct commit *col_commit;
 		if (i == graph->num_columns) {
 			if (seen_this)
 				break;
 			col_commit = graph->commit;
 		} else {
-			col_commit = graph->columns[i].commit;
+			col_commit = col->commit;
 		}
 
 		if (col_commit == graph->commit) {
+			/*
+			 * Since the current commit is a merge find
+			 * the columns for the parent commits in
+			 * new_columns and use those to format the
+			 * edges.
+			 */
+			struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+			struct column *par_column;
 			seen_this = 1;
-			strbuf_addch(sb, '|');
-			for (j = 0; j < graph->num_parents - 1; j++)
-				strbuf_addstr(sb, "\\ ");
+			parents = first_interesting_parent(graph);
+			assert(parents);
+			par_column = find_new_column_by_commit(graph, parents->item);
+			assert(par_column);
+
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, par_column, '|');
+			chars_written++;
+			for (j = 0; j < graph->num_parents - 1; j++) {
+				parents = next_interesting_parent(graph, parents);
+				assert(parents);
+				par_column = find_new_column_by_commit(graph, parents->item);
+				assert(par_column);
+				strbuf_write_column(sb, par_column, '\\');
+				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			}
+			chars_written += j * 2;
 		} else if (seen_this) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\\ ");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '\\');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			chars_written += 2;
 		} else {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "| ");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
+			chars_written += 2;
 		}
 	}
 
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, chars_written);
 
 	/*
 	 * Update graph->state
@@ -834,6 +977,9 @@ static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf
 {
 	int i;
 	int *tmp_mapping;
+	short used_horizontal = 0;
+	int horizontal_edge = -1;
+	int horizontal_edge_target = -1;
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear out the new_mapping array
@@ -871,6 +1017,23 @@ static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf
 			 * Move to the left by one
 			 */
 			graph->new_mapping[i - 1] = target;
+			/*
+			 * If there isn't already an edge moving horizontally
+			 * select this one.
+			 */
+			if (horizontal_edge == -1) {
+				int j;
+				horizontal_edge = i;
+				horizontal_edge_target = target;
+				/*
+				 * The variable target is the index of the graph
+				 * column, and therefore target*2+3 is the
+				 * actual screen column of the first horizontal
+				 * line.
+				 */
+				for (j = (target * 2)+3; j < (i - 2); j += 2)
+					graph->new_mapping[j] = target;
+			}
 		} else if (graph->new_mapping[i - 1] == target) {
 			/*
 			 * There is a branch line to our left
@@ -891,10 +1054,21 @@ static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf
 			 *
 			 * The space just to the left of this
 			 * branch should always be empty.
+			 *
+			 * The branch to the left of that space
+			 * should be our eventual target.
 			 */
 			assert(graph->new_mapping[i - 1] > target);
 			assert(graph->new_mapping[i - 2] < 0);
+			assert(graph->new_mapping[i - 3] == target);
 			graph->new_mapping[i - 2] = target;
+			/*
+			 * Mark this branch as the horizontal edge to
+			 * prevent any other edges from moving
+			 * horizontally.
+			 */
+			if (horizontal_edge == -1)
+				horizontal_edge = i;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -912,12 +1086,27 @@ static void graph_output_collapsing_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf
 		if (target < 0)
 			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
 		else if (target * 2 == i)
-			strbuf_addch(sb, '|');
-		else
-			strbuf_addch(sb, '/');
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[target], '|');
+		else if (target == horizontal_edge_target &&
+			 i != horizontal_edge - 1) {
+				/*
+				 * Set the mappings for all but the
+				 * first segment to -1 so that they
+				 * won't continue into the next line.
+				 */
+				if (i != (target * 2)+3)
+					graph->new_mapping[i] = -1;
+				used_horizontal = 1;
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[target], '_');
+		} else {
+			if (used_horizontal && i < horizontal_edge)
+				graph->new_mapping[i] = -1;
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, &graph->new_columns[target], '/');
+
+		}
 	}
 
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->mapping_size);
 
 	/*
 	 * Swap mapping and new_mapping
@@ -979,9 +1168,10 @@ static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 	 * children that we have already processed.)
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < graph->num_columns; i++) {
-		struct commit *col_commit = graph->columns[i].commit;
+		struct column *col = &graph->columns[i];
+		struct commit *col_commit = col->commit;
 		if (col_commit == graph->commit) {
-			strbuf_addch(sb, '|');
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
 
 			if (graph->num_parents < 3)
 				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
@@ -991,11 +1181,12 @@ static void graph_padding_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 					strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
 			}
 		} else {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "| ");
+			strbuf_write_column(sb, col, '|');
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
 		}
 	}
 
-	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb);
+	graph_pad_horizontally(graph, sb, graph->num_columns);
 
 	/*
 	 * Update graph->prev_state since we have output a padding line
diff --git a/graph.h b/graph.h
index bc30d687c..b82ae87a4 100644
--- a/graph.h
+++ b/graph.h
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ struct git_graph;
 
 /*
  * Create a new struct git_graph.
- * The graph should be freed with graph_release() when no longer needed.
  */
 struct git_graph *graph_init(struct rev_info *opt);
 
diff --git a/grep.c b/grep.c
index 600f69f2f..bdadf2c0c 100644
--- a/grep.c
+++ b/grep.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "grep.h"
+#include "userdiff.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 void append_header_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, enum grep_header_field field, const char *pat)
@@ -28,9 +29,28 @@ void append_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat,
 	p->next = NULL;
 }
 
+static int is_fixed(const char *s)
+{
+	while (*s && !is_regex_special(*s))
+		s++;
+	return !*s;
+}
+
 static void compile_regexp(struct grep_pat *p, struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
-	int err = regcomp(&p->regexp, p->pattern, opt->regflags);
+	int err;
+
+	p->word_regexp = opt->word_regexp;
+	p->ignore_case = opt->ignore_case;
+
+	if (opt->fixed || is_fixed(p->pattern))
+		p->fixed = 1;
+	if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE)
+		p->fixed = 0;
+	if (p->fixed)
+		return;
+
+	err = regcomp(&p->regexp, p->pattern, opt->regflags);
 	if (err) {
 		char errbuf[1024];
 		char where[1024];
@@ -54,6 +74,8 @@ static struct grep_expr *compile_pattern_atom(struct grep_pat **list)
 	struct grep_expr *x;
 
 	p = *list;
+	if (!p)
+		return NULL;
 	switch (p->token) {
 	case GREP_PATTERN: /* atom */
 	case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
@@ -66,8 +88,6 @@ static struct grep_expr *compile_pattern_atom(struct grep_pat **list)
 	case GREP_OPEN_PAREN:
 		*list = p->next;
 		x = compile_pattern_or(list);
-		if (!x)
-			return NULL;
 		if (!*list || (*list)->token != GREP_CLOSE_PAREN)
 			die("unmatched parenthesis");
 		*list = (*list)->next;
@@ -83,6 +103,8 @@ static struct grep_expr *compile_pattern_not(struct grep_pat **list)
 	struct grep_expr *x;
 
 	p = *list;
+	if (!p)
+		return NULL;
 	switch (p->token) {
 	case GREP_NOT:
 		if (!p->next)
@@ -159,8 +181,7 @@ void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 		case GREP_PATTERN: /* atom */
 		case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
 		case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
-			if (!opt->fixed)
-				compile_regexp(p, opt);
+			compile_regexp(p, opt);
 			break;
 		default:
 			opt->extended = 1;
@@ -175,7 +196,8 @@ void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
 	 * A classic recursive descent parser would do.
 	 */
 	p = opt->pattern_list;
-	opt->pattern_expression = compile_pattern_expr(&p);
+	if (p)
+		opt->pattern_expression = compile_pattern_expr(&p);
 	if (p)
 		die("incomplete pattern expression: %s", p->pattern);
 }
@@ -236,26 +258,20 @@ static int word_char(char ch)
 	return isalnum(ch) || ch == '_';
 }
 
-static void show_line(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *bol, const char *eol,
-		      const char *name, unsigned lno, char sign)
-{
-	if (opt->null_following_name)
-		sign = '\0';
-	if (opt->pathname)
-		printf("%s%c", name, sign);
-	if (opt->linenum)
-		printf("%d%c", lno, sign);
-	printf("%.*s\n", (int)(eol-bol), bol);
-}
-
 static void show_name(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name)
 {
 	printf("%s%c", name, opt->null_following_name ? '\0' : '\n');
 }
 
-static int fixmatch(const char *pattern, char *line, regmatch_t *match)
+
+static int fixmatch(const char *pattern, char *line, int ignore_case, regmatch_t *match)
 {
-	char *hit = strstr(line, pattern);
+	char *hit;
+	if (ignore_case)
+		hit = strcasestr(line, pattern);
+	else
+		hit = strstr(line, pattern);
+
 	if (!hit) {
 		match->rm_so = match->rm_eo = -1;
 		return REG_NOMATCH;
@@ -291,12 +307,13 @@ static struct {
 	{ "committer ", 10 },
 };
 
-static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol, enum grep_context ctx)
+static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol,
+			     enum grep_context ctx,
+			     regmatch_t *pmatch, int eflags)
 {
 	int hit = 0;
-	int at_true_bol = 1;
 	int saved_ch = 0;
-	regmatch_t pmatch[10];
+	const char *start = bol;
 
 	if ((p->token != GREP_PATTERN) &&
 	    ((p->token == GREP_PATTERN_HEAD) != (ctx == GREP_CONTEXT_HEAD)))
@@ -315,18 +332,14 @@ static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_pat *p, char *bol
 	}
 
  again:
-	if (!opt->fixed) {
-		regex_t *exp = &p->regexp;
-		hit = !regexec(exp, bol, ARRAY_SIZE(pmatch),
-			       pmatch, 0);
-	}
-	else {
-		hit = !fixmatch(p->pattern, bol, pmatch);
-	}
+	if (p->fixed)
+		hit = !fixmatch(p->pattern, bol, p->ignore_case, pmatch);
+	else
+		hit = !regexec(&p->regexp, bol, 1, pmatch, eflags);
 
-	if (hit && opt->word_regexp) {
+	if (hit && p->word_regexp) {
 		if ((pmatch[0].rm_so < 0) ||
-		    (eol - bol) <= pmatch[0].rm_so ||
+		    (eol - bol) < pmatch[0].rm_so ||
 		    (pmatch[0].rm_eo < 0) ||
 		    (eol - bol) < pmatch[0].rm_eo)
 			die("regexp returned nonsense");
@@ -337,7 +350,7 @@ static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_pat *p, char *bol
 		 * either end of the line, or at word boundary
 		 * (i.e. the next char must not be a word char).
 		 */
-		if ( ((pmatch[0].rm_so == 0 && at_true_bol) ||
+		if ( ((pmatch[0].rm_so == 0) ||
 		      !word_char(bol[pmatch[0].rm_so-1])) &&
 		     ((pmatch[0].rm_eo == (eol-bol)) ||
 		      !word_char(bol[pmatch[0].rm_eo])) )
@@ -345,57 +358,66 @@ static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_pat *p, char *bol
 		else
 			hit = 0;
 
+		/* Words consist of at least one character. */
+		if (pmatch->rm_so == pmatch->rm_eo)
+			hit = 0;
+
 		if (!hit && pmatch[0].rm_so + bol + 1 < eol) {
 			/* There could be more than one match on the
 			 * line, and the first match might not be
 			 * strict word match.  But later ones could be!
+			 * Forward to the next possible start, i.e. the
+			 * next position following a non-word char.
 			 */
 			bol = pmatch[0].rm_so + bol + 1;
-			at_true_bol = 0;
-			goto again;
+			while (word_char(bol[-1]) && bol < eol)
+				bol++;
+			eflags |= REG_NOTBOL;
+			if (bol < eol)
+				goto again;
 		}
 	}
 	if (p->token == GREP_PATTERN_HEAD && saved_ch)
 		*eol = saved_ch;
+	if (hit) {
+		pmatch[0].rm_so += bol - start;
+		pmatch[0].rm_eo += bol - start;
+	}
 	return hit;
 }
 
-static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_opt *o,
-			   struct grep_expr *x,
-			   char *bol, char *eol,
-			   enum grep_context ctx,
-			   int collect_hits)
+static int match_expr_eval(struct grep_expr *x, char *bol, char *eol,
+			   enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
 {
 	int h = 0;
+	regmatch_t match;
 
+	if (!x)
+		die("Not a valid grep expression");
 	switch (x->node) {
 	case GREP_NODE_ATOM:
-		h = match_one_pattern(o, x->u.atom, bol, eol, ctx);
+		h = match_one_pattern(x->u.atom, bol, eol, ctx, &match, 0);
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_NOT:
-		h = !match_expr_eval(o, x->u.unary, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		h = !match_expr_eval(x->u.unary, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_AND:
-		if (!collect_hits)
-			return (match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left,
-						bol, eol, ctx, 0) &&
-				match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right,
-						bol, eol, ctx, 0));
-		h = match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
-		h &= match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		if (!match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0))
+			return 0;
+		h = match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
 		break;
 	case GREP_NODE_OR:
 		if (!collect_hits)
-			return (match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left,
+			return (match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left,
 						bol, eol, ctx, 0) ||
-				match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right,
+				match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right,
 						bol, eol, ctx, 0));
-		h = match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
+		h = match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.left, bol, eol, ctx, 0);
 		x->u.binary.left->hit |= h;
-		h |= match_expr_eval(o, x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 1);
+		h |= match_expr_eval(x->u.binary.right, bol, eol, ctx, 1);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("Unexpected node type (internal error) %d\n", x->node);
+		die("Unexpected node type (internal error) %d", x->node);
 	}
 	if (collect_hits)
 		x->hit |= h;
@@ -406,40 +428,206 @@ static int match_expr(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
 		      enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
 {
 	struct grep_expr *x = opt->pattern_expression;
-	return match_expr_eval(opt, x, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
+	return match_expr_eval(x, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
 }
 
 static int match_line(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
 		      enum grep_context ctx, int collect_hits)
 {
 	struct grep_pat *p;
+	regmatch_t match;
+
 	if (opt->extended)
 		return match_expr(opt, bol, eol, ctx, collect_hits);
 
 	/* we do not call with collect_hits without being extended */
 	for (p = opt->pattern_list; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (match_one_pattern(opt, p, bol, eol, ctx))
+		if (match_one_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx, &match, 0))
 			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int match_next_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol,
+			      enum grep_context ctx,
+			      regmatch_t *pmatch, int eflags)
+{
+	regmatch_t match;
+
+	if (!match_one_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx, &match, eflags))
+		return 0;
+	if (match.rm_so < 0 || match.rm_eo < 0)
+		return 0;
+	if (pmatch->rm_so >= 0 && pmatch->rm_eo >= 0) {
+		if (match.rm_so > pmatch->rm_so)
+			return 1;
+		if (match.rm_so == pmatch->rm_so && match.rm_eo < pmatch->rm_eo)
+			return 1;
+	}
+	pmatch->rm_so = match.rm_so;
+	pmatch->rm_eo = match.rm_eo;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int next_match(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
+		      enum grep_context ctx, regmatch_t *pmatch, int eflags)
+{
+	struct grep_pat *p;
+	int hit = 0;
+
+	pmatch->rm_so = pmatch->rm_eo = -1;
+	if (bol < eol) {
+		for (p = opt->pattern_list; p; p = p->next) {
+			switch (p->token) {
+			case GREP_PATTERN: /* atom */
+			case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
+			case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
+				hit |= match_next_pattern(p, bol, eol, ctx,
+							  pmatch, eflags);
+				break;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return hit;
+}
+
+static void show_line(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol,
+		      const char *name, unsigned lno, char sign)
+{
+	int rest = eol - bol;
+
+	if (opt->pre_context || opt->post_context) {
+		if (opt->last_shown == 0) {
+			if (opt->show_hunk_mark)
+				fputs("--\n", stdout);
+			else
+				opt->show_hunk_mark = 1;
+		} else if (lno > opt->last_shown + 1)
+			fputs("--\n", stdout);
+	}
+	opt->last_shown = lno;
+
+	if (opt->null_following_name)
+		sign = '\0';
+	if (opt->pathname)
+		printf("%s%c", name, sign);
+	if (opt->linenum)
+		printf("%d%c", lno, sign);
+	if (opt->color) {
+		regmatch_t match;
+		enum grep_context ctx = GREP_CONTEXT_BODY;
+		int ch = *eol;
+		int eflags = 0;
+
+		*eol = '\0';
+		while (next_match(opt, bol, eol, ctx, &match, eflags)) {
+			if (match.rm_so == match.rm_eo)
+				break;
+			printf("%.*s%s%.*s%s",
+			       (int)match.rm_so, bol,
+			       opt->color_match,
+			       (int)(match.rm_eo - match.rm_so), bol + match.rm_so,
+			       GIT_COLOR_RESET);
+			bol += match.rm_eo;
+			rest -= match.rm_eo;
+			eflags = REG_NOTBOL;
+		}
+		*eol = ch;
+	}
+	printf("%.*s\n", rest, bol);
+}
+
+static int match_funcname(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol)
+{
+	xdemitconf_t *xecfg = opt->priv;
+	if (xecfg && xecfg->find_func) {
+		char buf[1];
+		return xecfg->find_func(bol, eol - bol, buf, 1,
+					xecfg->find_func_priv) >= 0;
+	}
+
+	if (bol == eol)
+		return 0;
+	if (isalpha(*bol) || *bol == '_' || *bol == '$')
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void show_funcname_line(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
+			       char *buf, char *bol, unsigned lno)
+{
+	while (bol > buf) {
+		char *eol = --bol;
+
+		while (bol > buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
+			bol--;
+		lno--;
+
+		if (lno <= opt->last_shown)
+			break;
+
+		if (match_funcname(opt, bol, eol)) {
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, '=');
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void show_pre_context(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name, char *buf,
+			     char *bol, unsigned lno)
+{
+	unsigned cur = lno, from = 1, funcname_lno = 0;
+	int funcname_needed = opt->funcname;
+
+	if (opt->pre_context < lno)
+		from = lno - opt->pre_context;
+	if (from <= opt->last_shown)
+		from = opt->last_shown + 1;
+
+	/* Rewind. */
+	while (bol > buf && cur > from) {
+		char *eol = --bol;
+
+		while (bol > buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
+			bol--;
+		cur--;
+		if (funcname_needed && match_funcname(opt, bol, eol)) {
+			funcname_lno = cur;
+			funcname_needed = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* We need to look even further back to find a function signature. */
+	if (opt->funcname && funcname_needed)
+		show_funcname_line(opt, name, buf, bol, cur);
+
+	/* Back forward. */
+	while (cur < lno) {
+		char *eol = bol, sign = (cur == funcname_lno) ? '=' : '-';
+
+		while (*eol != '\n')
+			eol++;
+		show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, cur, sign);
+		bol = eol + 1;
+		cur++;
+	}
+}
+
 static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 			 char *buf, unsigned long size, int collect_hits)
 {
 	char *bol = buf;
 	unsigned long left = size;
 	unsigned lno = 1;
-	struct pre_context_line {
-		char *bol;
-		char *eol;
-	} *prev = NULL, *pcl;
 	unsigned last_hit = 0;
-	unsigned last_shown = 0;
 	int binary_match_only = 0;
-	const char *hunk_mark = "";
 	unsigned count = 0;
 	enum grep_context ctx = GREP_CONTEXT_HEAD;
+	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
+
+	opt->last_shown = 0;
 
 	if (buffer_is_binary(buf, size)) {
 		switch (opt->binary) {
@@ -454,10 +642,16 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (opt->pre_context)
-		prev = xcalloc(opt->pre_context, sizeof(*prev));
-	if (opt->pre_context || opt->post_context)
-		hunk_mark = "--\n";
+	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
+	if (opt->funcname && !opt->unmatch_name_only && !opt->status_only &&
+	    !opt->name_only && !binary_match_only && !collect_hits) {
+		struct userdiff_driver *drv = userdiff_find_by_path(name);
+		if (drv && drv->funcname.pattern) {
+			const struct userdiff_funcname *pe = &drv->funcname;
+			xdiff_set_find_func(&xecfg, pe->pattern, pe->cflags);
+			opt->priv = &xecfg;
+		}
+	}
 
 	while (left) {
 		char *eol, ch;
@@ -505,45 +699,20 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 			 * the context which is nonsense, but the user
 			 * deserves to get that ;-).
 			 */
-			if (opt->pre_context) {
-				unsigned from;
-				if (opt->pre_context < lno)
-					from = lno - opt->pre_context;
-				else
-					from = 1;
-				if (from <= last_shown)
-					from = last_shown + 1;
-				if (last_shown && from != last_shown + 1)
-					fputs(hunk_mark, stdout);
-				while (from < lno) {
-					pcl = &prev[lno-from-1];
-					show_line(opt, pcl->bol, pcl->eol,
-						  name, from, '-');
-					from++;
-				}
-				last_shown = lno-1;
-			}
-			if (last_shown && lno != last_shown + 1)
-				fputs(hunk_mark, stdout);
+			if (opt->pre_context)
+				show_pre_context(opt, name, buf, bol, lno);
+			else if (opt->funcname)
+				show_funcname_line(opt, name, buf, bol, lno);
 			if (!opt->count)
 				show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, ':');
-			last_shown = last_hit = lno;
+			last_hit = lno;
 		}
 		else if (last_hit &&
 			 lno <= last_hit + opt->post_context) {
 			/* If the last hit is within the post context,
 			 * we need to show this line.
 			 */
-			if (last_shown && lno != last_shown + 1)
-				fputs(hunk_mark, stdout);
 			show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, '-');
-			last_shown = lno;
-		}
-		if (opt->pre_context) {
-			memmove(prev+1, prev,
-				(opt->pre_context-1) * sizeof(*prev));
-			prev->bol = bol;
-			prev->eol = eol;
 		}
 
 	next_line:
@@ -554,7 +723,6 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 		lno++;
 	}
 
-	free(prev);
 	if (collect_hits)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -566,6 +734,9 @@ static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
 		return 1;
 	}
 
+	xdiff_clear_find_func(&xecfg);
+	opt->priv = NULL;
+
 	/* NEEDSWORK:
 	 * The real "grep -c foo *.c" gives many "bar.c:0" lines,
 	 * which feels mostly useless but sometimes useful.  Maybe
diff --git a/grep.h b/grep.h
index 45a222d90..75370f60d 100644
--- a/grep.h
+++ b/grep.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef GREP_H
 #define GREP_H
+#include "color.h"
 
 enum grep_pat_token {
 	GREP_PATTERN,
@@ -30,6 +31,9 @@ struct grep_pat {
 	const char *pattern;
 	enum grep_header_field field;
 	regex_t regexp;
+	unsigned fixed:1;
+	unsigned ignore_case:1;
+	unsigned word_regexp:1;
 };
 
 enum grep_expr_node {
@@ -56,28 +60,38 @@ struct grep_opt {
 	struct grep_pat *pattern_list;
 	struct grep_pat **pattern_tail;
 	struct grep_expr *pattern_expression;
+	const char *prefix;
 	int prefix_length;
 	regex_t regexp;
-	unsigned linenum:1;
-	unsigned invert:1;
-	unsigned status_only:1;
-	unsigned name_only:1;
-	unsigned unmatch_name_only:1;
-	unsigned count:1;
-	unsigned word_regexp:1;
-	unsigned fixed:1;
-	unsigned all_match:1;
+	int linenum;
+	int invert;
+	int ignore_case;
+	int status_only;
+	int name_only;
+	int unmatch_name_only;
+	int count;
+	int word_regexp;
+	int fixed;
+	int all_match;
 #define GREP_BINARY_DEFAULT	0
 #define GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH	1
 #define GREP_BINARY_TEXT	2
-	unsigned binary:2;
-	unsigned extended:1;
-	unsigned relative:1;
-	unsigned pathname:1;
-	unsigned null_following_name:1;
+	int binary;
+	int extended;
+	int relative;
+	int pathname;
+	int null_following_name;
+	int color;
+	int max_depth;
+	int funcname;
+	char color_match[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+	const char *color_external;
 	int regflags;
 	unsigned pre_context;
 	unsigned post_context;
+	unsigned last_shown;
+	int show_hunk_mark;
+	void *priv;
 };
 
 extern void append_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat, const char *origin, int no, enum grep_pat_token t);
diff --git a/hash-object.c b/hash-object.c
index 846e91a23..9455dd070 100644
--- a/hash-object.c
+++ b/hash-object.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static void hash_fd(int fd, const char *type, int write_object, const char *path)
 {
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ static void hash_object(const char *path, const char *type, int write_object,
 	int fd;
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("Cannot open %s", path);
+		die_errno("Cannot open '%s'", path);
 	hash_fd(fd, type, write_object, vpath);
 }
 
@@ -81,9 +82,10 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	type = blob_type;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, hash_object_options, hash_object_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, hash_object_options,
+			     hash_object_usage, 0);
 
 	if (write_object) {
 		prefix = setup_git_directory();
@@ -92,6 +94,8 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 			vpath = prefix_filename(prefix, prefix_length, vpath);
 	}
 
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
 	if (stdin_paths) {
 		if (hashstdin)
 			errstr = "Can't use --stdin-paths with --stdin";
diff --git a/help.c b/help.c
index fd87bb5ae..9da97d746 100644
--- a/help.c
+++ b/help.c
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdnames *cmds, int longest)
 
 	if (space < max_cols)
 		cols = max_cols / space;
-	rows = (cmds->cnt + cols - 1) / cols;
+	rows = DIV_ROUND_UP(cmds->cnt, cols);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
 		printf("  ");
@@ -126,8 +126,8 @@ static int is_executable(const char *name)
 	    !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 		return 0;
 
-#ifdef __MINGW32__
-	/* cannot trust the executable bit, peek into the file instead */
+#ifdef WIN32
+{	/* cannot trust the executable bit, peek into the file instead */
 	char buf[3] = { 0 };
 	int n;
 	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ static int is_executable(const char *name)
 				st.st_mode |= S_IXUSR;
 		close(fd);
 	}
+}
 #endif
 	return st.st_mode & S_IXUSR;
 }
@@ -296,13 +297,16 @@ static void add_cmd_list(struct cmdnames *cmds, struct cmdnames *old)
 	old->names = NULL;
 }
 
+/* An empirically derived magic number */
+#define SIMILAR_ENOUGH(x) ((x) < 6)
+
 const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 {
 	int i, n, best_similarity = 0;
 	struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
 
 	memset(&main_cmds, 0, sizeof(main_cmds));
-	memset(&other_cmds, 0, sizeof(main_cmds));
+	memset(&other_cmds, 0, sizeof(other_cmds));
 	memset(&aliases, 0, sizeof(aliases));
 
 	git_config(git_unknown_cmd_config, NULL);
@@ -330,11 +334,11 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 	n = 1;
 	while (n < main_cmds.cnt && best_similarity == main_cmds.names[n]->len)
 		++n;
-	if (autocorrect && n == 1) {
+	if (autocorrect && n == 1 && SIMILAR_ENOUGH(best_similarity)) {
 		const char *assumed = main_cmds.names[0]->name;
 		main_cmds.names[0] = NULL;
 		clean_cmdnames(&main_cmds);
-		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: You called a Git program named '%s', "
+		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', "
 			"which does not exist.\n"
 			"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'\n",
 			cmd, assumed);
@@ -348,7 +352,7 @@ const char *help_unknown_cmd(const char *cmd)
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "git: '%s' is not a git-command. See 'git --help'.\n", cmd);
 
-	if (best_similarity < 6) {
+	if (SIMILAR_ENOUGH(best_similarity)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "\nDid you mean %s?\n",
 			n < 2 ? "this": "one of these");
 
diff --git a/http-backend.c b/http-backend.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f729488fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/http-backend.c
@@ -0,0 +1,655 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+static const char content_type[] = "Content-Type";
+static const char content_length[] = "Content-Length";
+static const char last_modified[] = "Last-Modified";
+static int getanyfile = 1;
+
+static struct string_list *query_params;
+
+struct rpc_service {
+	const char *name;
+	const char *config_name;
+	signed enabled : 2;
+};
+
+static struct rpc_service rpc_service[] = {
+	{ "upload-pack", "uploadpack", 1 },
+	{ "receive-pack", "receivepack", -1 },
+};
+
+static int decode_char(const char *q)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned char val = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+		unsigned char c = *q++;
+		val <<= 4;
+		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+			val += c - '0';
+		else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+			val += c - 'a' + 10;
+		else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
+			val += c - 'A' + 10;
+		else
+			return -1;
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
+static char *decode_parameter(const char **query, int is_name)
+{
+	const char *q = *query;
+	struct strbuf out;
+
+	strbuf_init(&out, 16);
+	do {
+		unsigned char c = *q;
+
+		if (!c)
+			break;
+		if (c == '&' || (is_name && c == '=')) {
+			q++;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (c == '%') {
+			int val = decode_char(q + 1);
+			if (0 <= val) {
+				strbuf_addch(&out, val);
+				q += 3;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (c == '+')
+			strbuf_addch(&out, ' ');
+		else
+			strbuf_addch(&out, c);
+		q++;
+	} while (1);
+	*query = q;
+	return strbuf_detach(&out, NULL);
+}
+
+static struct string_list *get_parameters(void)
+{
+	if (!query_params) {
+		const char *query = getenv("QUERY_STRING");
+
+		query_params = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*query_params));
+		while (query && *query) {
+			char *name = decode_parameter(&query, 1);
+			char *value = decode_parameter(&query, 0);
+			struct string_list_item *i;
+
+			i = string_list_lookup(name, query_params);
+			if (!i)
+				i = string_list_insert(name, query_params);
+			else
+				free(i->util);
+			i->util = value;
+		}
+	}
+	return query_params;
+}
+
+static const char *get_parameter(const char *name)
+{
+	struct string_list_item *i;
+	i = string_list_lookup(name, get_parameters());
+	return i ? i->util : NULL;
+}
+
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+static void format_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	static char buffer[1024];
+
+	va_list args;
+	unsigned n;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	n = vsnprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	if (n >= sizeof(buffer))
+		die("protocol error: impossibly long line");
+
+	safe_write(fd, buffer, n);
+}
+
+static void http_status(unsigned code, const char *msg)
+{
+	format_write(1, "Status: %u %s\r\n", code, msg);
+}
+
+static void hdr_str(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	format_write(1, "%s: %s\r\n", name, value);
+}
+
+static void hdr_int(const char *name, uintmax_t value)
+{
+	format_write(1, "%s: %" PRIuMAX "\r\n", name, value);
+}
+
+static void hdr_date(const char *name, unsigned long when)
+{
+	const char *value = show_date(when, 0, DATE_RFC2822);
+	hdr_str(name, value);
+}
+
+static void hdr_nocache(void)
+{
+	hdr_str("Expires", "Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT");
+	hdr_str("Pragma", "no-cache");
+	hdr_str("Cache-Control", "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate");
+}
+
+static void hdr_cache_forever(void)
+{
+	unsigned long now = time(NULL);
+	hdr_date("Date", now);
+	hdr_date("Expires", now + 31536000);
+	hdr_str("Cache-Control", "public, max-age=31536000");
+}
+
+static void end_headers(void)
+{
+	safe_write(1, "\r\n", 2);
+}
+
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
+static NORETURN void not_found(const char *err, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+
+	http_status(404, "Not Found");
+	hdr_nocache();
+	end_headers();
+
+	va_start(params, err);
+	if (err && *err)
+		vfprintf(stderr, err, params);
+	va_end(params);
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
+static NORETURN void forbidden(const char *err, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+
+	http_status(403, "Forbidden");
+	hdr_nocache();
+	end_headers();
+
+	va_start(params, err);
+	if (err && *err)
+		vfprintf(stderr, err, params);
+	va_end(params);
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+static void select_getanyfile(void)
+{
+	if (!getanyfile)
+		forbidden("Unsupported service: getanyfile");
+}
+
+static void send_strbuf(const char *type, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	hdr_int(content_length, buf->len);
+	hdr_str(content_type, type);
+	end_headers();
+	safe_write(1, buf->buf, buf->len);
+}
+
+static void send_local_file(const char *the_type, const char *name)
+{
+	const char *p = git_path("%s", name);
+	size_t buf_alloc = 8192;
+	char *buf = xmalloc(buf_alloc);
+	int fd;
+	struct stat sb;
+
+	fd = open(p, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		not_found("Cannot open '%s': %s", p, strerror(errno));
+	if (fstat(fd, &sb) < 0)
+		die_errno("Cannot stat '%s'", p);
+
+	hdr_int(content_length, sb.st_size);
+	hdr_str(content_type, the_type);
+	hdr_date(last_modified, sb.st_mtime);
+	end_headers();
+
+	for (;;) {
+		ssize_t n = xread(fd, buf, buf_alloc);
+		if (n < 0)
+			die_errno("Cannot read '%s'", p);
+		if (!n)
+			break;
+		safe_write(1, buf, n);
+	}
+	close(fd);
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static void get_text_file(char *name)
+{
+	select_getanyfile();
+	hdr_nocache();
+	send_local_file("text/plain", name);
+}
+
+static void get_loose_object(char *name)
+{
+	select_getanyfile();
+	hdr_cache_forever();
+	send_local_file("application/x-git-loose-object", name);
+}
+
+static void get_pack_file(char *name)
+{
+	select_getanyfile();
+	hdr_cache_forever();
+	send_local_file("application/x-git-packed-objects", name);
+}
+
+static void get_idx_file(char *name)
+{
+	select_getanyfile();
+	hdr_cache_forever();
+	send_local_file("application/x-git-packed-objects-toc", name);
+}
+
+static int http_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "http.getanyfile")) {
+		getanyfile = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "http.")) {
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rpc_service); i++) {
+			struct rpc_service *svc = &rpc_service[i];
+			if (!strcmp(var + 5, svc->config_name)) {
+				svc->enabled = git_config_bool(var, value);
+				return 0;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* we are not interested in parsing any other configuration here */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct rpc_service *select_service(const char *name)
+{
+	struct rpc_service *svc = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	if (prefixcmp(name, "git-"))
+		forbidden("Unsupported service: '%s'", name);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rpc_service); i++) {
+		struct rpc_service *s = &rpc_service[i];
+		if (!strcmp(s->name, name + 4)) {
+			svc = s;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!svc)
+		forbidden("Unsupported service: '%s'", name);
+
+	if (svc->enabled < 0) {
+		const char *user = getenv("REMOTE_USER");
+		svc->enabled = (user && *user) ? 1 : 0;
+	}
+	if (!svc->enabled)
+		forbidden("Service not enabled: '%s'", svc->name);
+	return svc;
+}
+
+static void inflate_request(const char *prog_name, int out)
+{
+	z_stream stream;
+	unsigned char in_buf[8192];
+	unsigned char out_buf[8192];
+	unsigned long cnt = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+	ret = inflateInit2(&stream, (15 + 16));
+	if (ret != Z_OK)
+		die("cannot start zlib inflater, zlib err %d", ret);
+
+	while (1) {
+		ssize_t n = xread(0, in_buf, sizeof(in_buf));
+		if (n <= 0)
+			die("request ended in the middle of the gzip stream");
+
+		stream.next_in = in_buf;
+		stream.avail_in = n;
+
+		while (0 < stream.avail_in) {
+			int ret;
+
+			stream.next_out = out_buf;
+			stream.avail_out = sizeof(out_buf);
+
+			ret = inflate(&stream, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+			if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_STREAM_END)
+				die("zlib error inflating request, result %d", ret);
+
+			n = stream.total_out - cnt;
+			if (write_in_full(out, out_buf, n) != n)
+				die("%s aborted reading request", prog_name);
+			cnt += n;
+
+			if (ret == Z_STREAM_END)
+				goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	close(out);
+}
+
+static void run_service(const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *encoding = getenv("HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING");
+	const char *user = getenv("REMOTE_USER");
+	const char *host = getenv("REMOTE_ADDR");
+	char *env[3];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int gzipped_request = 0;
+	struct child_process cld;
+
+	if (encoding && !strcmp(encoding, "gzip"))
+		gzipped_request = 1;
+	else if (encoding && !strcmp(encoding, "x-gzip"))
+		gzipped_request = 1;
+
+	if (!user || !*user)
+		user = "anonymous";
+	if (!host || !*host)
+		host = "(none)";
+
+	memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=%s", user);
+	env[0] = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=%s@http.%s", user, host);
+	env[1] = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	env[2] = NULL;
+
+	memset(&cld, 0, sizeof(cld));
+	cld.argv = argv;
+	cld.env = (const char *const *)env;
+	if (gzipped_request)
+		cld.in = -1;
+	cld.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&cld))
+		exit(1);
+
+	close(1);
+	if (gzipped_request)
+		inflate_request(argv[0], cld.in);
+	else
+		close(0);
+
+	if (finish_command(&cld))
+		exit(1);
+	free(env[0]);
+	free(env[1]);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static int show_text_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
+	int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct strbuf *buf = cb_data;
+	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!o)
+		return 0;
+
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), name);
+	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		o = deref_tag(o, name, 0);
+		if (!o)
+			return 0;
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s\t%s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void get_info_refs(char *arg)
+{
+	const char *service_name = get_parameter("service");
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	hdr_nocache();
+
+	if (service_name) {
+		const char *argv[] = {NULL /* service name */,
+			"--stateless-rpc", "--advertise-refs",
+			".", NULL};
+		struct rpc_service *svc = select_service(service_name);
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "application/x-git-%s-advertisement",
+			svc->name);
+		hdr_str(content_type, buf.buf);
+		end_headers();
+
+		packet_write(1, "# service=git-%s\n", svc->name);
+		packet_flush(1);
+
+		argv[0] = svc->name;
+		run_service(argv);
+
+	} else {
+		select_getanyfile();
+		for_each_ref(show_text_ref, &buf);
+		send_strbuf("text/plain", &buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void get_info_packs(char *arg)
+{
+	size_t objdirlen = strlen(get_object_directory());
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct packed_git *p;
+	size_t cnt = 0;
+
+	select_getanyfile();
+	prepare_packed_git();
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->pack_local)
+			cnt++;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_grow(&buf, cnt * 53 + 2);
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->pack_local)
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "P %s\n", p->pack_name + objdirlen + 6);
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+
+	hdr_nocache();
+	send_strbuf("text/plain; charset=utf-8", &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void check_content_type(const char *accepted_type)
+{
+	const char *actual_type = getenv("CONTENT_TYPE");
+
+	if (!actual_type)
+		actual_type = "";
+
+	if (strcmp(actual_type, accepted_type)) {
+		http_status(415, "Unsupported Media Type");
+		hdr_nocache();
+		end_headers();
+		format_write(1,
+			"Expected POST with Content-Type '%s',"
+			" but received '%s' instead.\n",
+			accepted_type, actual_type);
+		exit(0);
+	}
+}
+
+static void service_rpc(char *service_name)
+{
+	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--stateless-rpc", ".", NULL};
+	struct rpc_service *svc = select_service(service_name);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "application/x-git-%s-request", svc->name);
+	check_content_type(buf.buf);
+
+	hdr_nocache();
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "application/x-git-%s-result", svc->name);
+	hdr_str(content_type, buf.buf);
+
+	end_headers();
+
+	argv[0] = svc->name;
+	run_service(argv);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static NORETURN void die_webcgi(const char *err, va_list params)
+{
+	char buffer[1000];
+
+	http_status(500, "Internal Server Error");
+	hdr_nocache();
+	end_headers();
+
+	vsnprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), err, params);
+	fprintf(stderr, "fatal: %s\n", buffer);
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+static char* getdir(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *pathinfo = getenv("PATH_INFO");
+	char *root = getenv("GIT_PROJECT_ROOT");
+	char *path = getenv("PATH_TRANSLATED");
+
+	if (root && *root) {
+		if (!pathinfo || !*pathinfo)
+			die("GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is set but PATH_INFO is not");
+		if (daemon_avoid_alias(pathinfo))
+			die("'%s': aliased", pathinfo);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, root);
+		if (buf.buf[buf.len - 1] != '/')
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
+		if (pathinfo[0] == '/')
+			pathinfo++;
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, pathinfo);
+		return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	} else if (path && *path) {
+		return xstrdup(path);
+	} else
+		die("No GIT_PROJECT_ROOT or PATH_TRANSLATED from server");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct service_cmd {
+	const char *method;
+	const char *pattern;
+	void (*imp)(char *);
+} services[] = {
+	{"GET", "/HEAD$", get_text_file},
+	{"GET", "/info/refs$", get_info_refs},
+	{"GET", "/objects/info/alternates$", get_text_file},
+	{"GET", "/objects/info/http-alternates$", get_text_file},
+	{"GET", "/objects/info/packs$", get_info_packs},
+	{"GET", "/objects/[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38}$", get_loose_object},
+	{"GET", "/objects/pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}\\.pack$", get_pack_file},
+	{"GET", "/objects/pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}\\.idx$", get_idx_file},
+
+	{"POST", "/git-upload-pack$", service_rpc},
+	{"POST", "/git-receive-pack$", service_rpc}
+};
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	char *method = getenv("REQUEST_METHOD");
+	char *dir;
+	struct service_cmd *cmd = NULL;
+	char *cmd_arg = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	set_die_routine(die_webcgi);
+
+	if (!method)
+		die("No REQUEST_METHOD from server");
+	if (!strcmp(method, "HEAD"))
+		method = "GET";
+	dir = getdir();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(services); i++) {
+		struct service_cmd *c = &services[i];
+		regex_t re;
+		regmatch_t out[1];
+
+		if (regcomp(&re, c->pattern, REG_EXTENDED))
+			die("Bogus regex in service table: %s", c->pattern);
+		if (!regexec(&re, dir, 1, out, 0)) {
+			size_t n;
+
+			if (strcmp(method, c->method)) {
+				const char *proto = getenv("SERVER_PROTOCOL");
+				if (proto && !strcmp(proto, "HTTP/1.1"))
+					http_status(405, "Method Not Allowed");
+				else
+					http_status(400, "Bad Request");
+				hdr_nocache();
+				end_headers();
+				return 0;
+			}
+
+			cmd = c;
+			n = out[0].rm_eo - out[0].rm_so;
+			cmd_arg = xmalloc(n);
+			memcpy(cmd_arg, dir + out[0].rm_so + 1, n-1);
+			cmd_arg[n-1] = '\0';
+			dir[out[0].rm_so] = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		regfree(&re);
+	}
+
+	if (!cmd)
+		not_found("Request not supported: '%s'", dir);
+
+	setup_path();
+	if (!enter_repo(dir, 0))
+		not_found("Not a git repository: '%s'", dir);
+
+	git_config(http_config, NULL);
+	cmd->imp(cmd_arg);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin-http-fetch.c b/http-fetch.c
index f3e63d720..ffd0ad7e2 100644
--- a/builtin-http-fetch.c
+++ b/http-fetch.c
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "walker.h"
 
-int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+static const char http_fetch_usage[] = "git http-fetch "
+"[-c] [-t] [-a] [-v] [--recover] [-w ref] [--stdin] commit-id url";
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
+	const char *prefix;
 	struct walker *walker;
 	int commits_on_stdin = 0;
 	int commits;
@@ -18,7 +23,7 @@ int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int get_verbosely = 0;
 	int get_recover = 0;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
 		if (argv[arg][1] == 't') {
@@ -34,6 +39,8 @@ int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'w') {
 			write_ref = &argv[arg + 1];
 			arg++;
+		} else if (argv[arg][1] == 'h') {
+			usage(http_fetch_usage);
 		} else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--recover")) {
 			get_recover = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(argv[arg], "--stdin")) {
@@ -41,10 +48,8 @@ int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 		arg++;
 	}
-	if (argc < arg + 2 - commits_on_stdin) {
-		usage("git http-fetch [-c] [-t] [-a] [-v] [--recover] [-w ref] [--stdin] commit-id url");
-		return 1;
-	}
+	if (argc != arg + 2 - commits_on_stdin)
+		usage(http_fetch_usage);
 	if (commits_on_stdin) {
 		commits = walker_targets_stdin(&commit_id, &write_ref);
 	} else {
@@ -52,6 +57,11 @@ int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		commits = 1;
 	}
 	url = argv[arg];
+
+	prefix = setup_git_directory();
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
 	if (url && url[strlen(url)-1] != '/') {
 		rewritten_url = xmalloc(strlen(url)+2);
 		strcpy(rewritten_url, url);
diff --git a/http-push.c b/http-push.c
index 5cecef434..432b20f2d 100644
--- a/http-push.c
+++ b/http-push.c
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "pack.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "http.h"
@@ -10,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 #include <expat.h>
 
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ enum XML_Status {
 #endif
 
 #define PREV_BUF_SIZE 4096
-#define RANGE_HEADER_SIZE 30
 
 /* DAV methods */
 #define DAV_LOCK "LOCK"
@@ -75,18 +74,18 @@ static int pushing;
 static int aborted;
 static signed char remote_dir_exists[256];
 
-static struct curl_slist *no_pragma_header;
-
 static int push_verbosely;
 static int push_all = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
 static int force_all;
 static int dry_run;
+static int helper_status;
 
 static struct object_list *objects;
 
 struct repo
 {
 	char *url;
+	char *path;
 	int path_len;
 	int has_info_refs;
 	int can_update_info_refs;
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ struct repo
 	struct remote_lock *locks;
 };
 
-static struct repo *remote;
+static struct repo *repo;
 
 enum transfer_state {
 	NEED_FETCH,
@@ -117,19 +116,10 @@ struct transfer_request
 	struct remote_lock *lock;
 	struct curl_slist *headers;
 	struct buffer buffer;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	int local_fileno;
-	FILE *local_stream;
 	enum transfer_state state;
 	CURLcode curl_result;
 	char errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 	long http_code;
-	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
-	z_stream stream;
-	int zret;
-	int rename;
 	void *userData;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct transfer_request *next;
@@ -151,6 +141,7 @@ struct remote_lock
 	char *url;
 	char *owner;
 	char *token;
+	char tmpfile_suffix[41];
 	time_t start_time;
 	long timeout;
 	int refreshing;
@@ -176,6 +167,66 @@ struct remote_ls_ctx
 	struct remote_ls_ctx *parent;
 };
 
+/* get_dav_token_headers options */
+enum dav_header_flag {
+	DAV_HEADER_IF = (1u << 0),
+	DAV_HEADER_LOCK = (1u << 1),
+	DAV_HEADER_TIMEOUT = (1u << 2)
+};
+
+static char *xml_entities(char *s)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	while (*s) {
+		size_t len = strcspn(s, "\"<>&");
+		strbuf_add(&buf, s, len);
+		s += len;
+		switch (*s) {
+		case '"':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&quot;");
+			break;
+		case '<':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&lt;");
+			break;
+		case '>':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&gt;");
+			break;
+		case '&':
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&amp;");
+			break;
+		case 0:
+			return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+		}
+		s++;
+	}
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+static struct curl_slist *get_dav_token_headers(struct remote_lock *lock, enum dav_header_flag options)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+
+	if (options & DAV_HEADER_IF) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "If: (<%s>)", lock->token);
+		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+	if (options & DAV_HEADER_LOCK) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Lock-Token: <%s>", lock->token);
+		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+	if (options & DAV_HEADER_TIMEOUT) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Timeout: Second-%ld", lock->timeout);
+		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, buf.buf);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return dav_headers;
+}
+
 static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request);
 static void release_request(struct transfer_request *request);
 
@@ -188,165 +239,30 @@ static void process_response(void *callback_data)
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
-			       void *data)
-{
-	unsigned char expn[4096];
-	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
-	int posn = 0;
-	struct transfer_request *request = (struct transfer_request *)data;
-	do {
-		ssize_t retval = xwrite(request->local_fileno,
-				       (char *) ptr + posn, size - posn);
-		if (retval < 0)
-			return posn;
-		posn += retval;
-	} while (posn < size);
-
-	request->stream.avail_in = size;
-	request->stream.next_in = ptr;
-	do {
-		request->stream.next_out = expn;
-		request->stream.avail_out = sizeof(expn);
-		request->zret = inflate(&request->stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&request->c, expn,
-			    sizeof(expn) - request->stream.avail_out);
-	} while (request->stream.avail_in && request->zret == Z_OK);
-	data_received++;
-	return size;
-}
 
 static void start_fetch_loose(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
-	char *filename;
-	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
-	char *url;
-	char *posn;
-	int prevlocal;
-	unsigned char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
-	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct http_object_request *obj_req;
 
-	filename = sha1_file_name(request->obj->sha1);
-	snprintf(request->filename, sizeof(request->filename), "%s", filename);
-	snprintf(request->tmpfile, sizeof(request->tmpfile),
-		 "%s.temp", filename);
-
-	snprintf(prevfile, sizeof(prevfile), "%s.prev", request->filename);
-	unlink(prevfile);
-	rename(request->tmpfile, prevfile);
-	unlink(request->tmpfile);
-
-	if (request->local_fileno != -1)
-		error("fd leakage in start: %d", request->local_fileno);
-	request->local_fileno = open(request->tmpfile,
-				     O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	/* This could have failed due to the "lazy directory creation";
-	 * try to mkdir the last path component.
-	 */
-	if (request->local_fileno < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
-		char *dir = strrchr(request->tmpfile, '/');
-		if (dir) {
-			*dir = 0;
-			mkdir(request->tmpfile, 0777);
-			*dir = '/';
-		}
-		request->local_fileno = open(request->tmpfile,
-					     O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	}
-
-	if (request->local_fileno < 0) {
+	obj_req = new_http_object_request(repo->url, request->obj->sha1);
+	if (obj_req == NULL) {
 		request->state = ABORTED;
-		error("Couldn't create temporary file %s for %s: %s",
-		      request->tmpfile, request->filename, strerror(errno));
 		return;
 	}
 
-	memset(&request->stream, 0, sizeof(request->stream));
-
-	inflateInit(&request->stream);
-
-	git_SHA1_Init(&request->c);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 50);
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 50);
-	strcpy(url, remote->url);
-	posn = url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	strcpy(request->url, url);
-
-	/* If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
-	   fetched. */
-	prevlocal = open(prevfile, O_RDONLY);
-	if (prevlocal != -1) {
-		do {
-			prev_read = xread(prevlocal, prev_buf, PREV_BUF_SIZE);
-			if (prev_read>0) {
-				if (fwrite_sha1_file(prev_buf,
-						     1,
-						     prev_read,
-						     request) == prev_read) {
-					prev_posn += prev_read;
-				} else {
-					prev_read = -1;
-				}
-			}
-		} while (prev_read > 0);
-		close(prevlocal);
-	}
-	unlink(prevfile);
-
-	/* Reset inflate/SHA1 if there was an error reading the previous temp
-	   file; also rewind to the beginning of the local file. */
-	if (prev_read == -1) {
-		memset(&request->stream, 0, sizeof(request->stream));
-		inflateInit(&request->stream);
-		git_SHA1_Init(&request->c);
-		if (prev_posn>0) {
-			prev_posn = 0;
-			lseek(request->local_fileno, 0, SEEK_SET);
-			ftruncate(request->local_fileno, 0);
-		}
-	}
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
+	slot = obj_req->slot;
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
 	slot->callback_data = request;
 	request->slot = slot;
-
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, request);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_sha1_file);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, request->errorstr);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-
-	/* If we have successfully processed data from a previous fetch
-	   attempt, only fetch the data we don't already have. */
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (push_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl,
-				 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
+	request->userData = obj_req;
 
 	/* Try to get the request started, abort the request on error */
 	request->state = RUN_FETCH_LOOSE;
 	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start GET request\n");
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		release_http_object_request(obj_req);
 		release_request(request);
 	}
 }
@@ -355,16 +271,8 @@ static void start_mkcol(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	char *posn;
 
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 13);
-	strcpy(request->url, remote->url);
-	posn = request->url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	strcpy(posn, "/");
+	request->url = get_remote_object_url(repo->url, hex, 1);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
@@ -388,21 +296,15 @@ static void start_mkcol(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 static void start_fetch_packed(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	char *url;
 	struct packed_git *target;
-	FILE *packfile;
-	char *filename;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
 
 	struct transfer_request *check_request = request_queue_head;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
 
-	target = find_sha1_pack(request->obj->sha1, remote->packs);
+	target = find_sha1_pack(request->obj->sha1, repo->packs);
 	if (!target) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to fetch %s, will not be able to update server info refs\n", sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1));
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		release_request(request);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -410,67 +312,36 @@ static void start_fetch_packed(struct transfer_request *request)
 	fprintf(stderr,	"Fetching pack %s\n", sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
 	fprintf(stderr, " which contains %s\n", sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1));
 
-	filename = sha1_pack_name(target->sha1);
-	snprintf(request->filename, sizeof(request->filename), "%s", filename);
-	snprintf(request->tmpfile, sizeof(request->tmpfile),
-		 "%s.temp", filename);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 64);
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/pack/pack-%s.pack",
-		remote->url, sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
+	preq = new_http_pack_request(target, repo->url);
+	if (preq == NULL) {
+		release_http_pack_request(preq);
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+	preq->lst = &repo->packs;
 
 	/* Make sure there isn't another open request for this pack */
 	while (check_request) {
 		if (check_request->state == RUN_FETCH_PACKED &&
-		    !strcmp(check_request->url, url)) {
-			free(url);
+		    !strcmp(check_request->url, preq->url)) {
+			release_http_pack_request(preq);
 			release_request(request);
 			return;
 		}
 		check_request = check_request->next;
 	}
 
-	packfile = fopen(request->tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!packfile) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open local file %s for pack",
-			request->tmpfile);
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
-		free(url);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->callback_func = process_response;
-	slot->callback_data = request;
-	request->slot = slot;
-	request->local_stream = packfile;
-	request->userData = target;
-
-	request->url = url;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, packfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = packfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(packfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (push_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
+	preq->slot->callback_func = process_response;
+	preq->slot->callback_data = request;
+	request->slot = preq->slot;
+	request->userData = preq;
 
 	/* Try to get the request started, abort the request on error */
 	request->state = RUN_FETCH_PACKED;
-	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
+	if (!start_active_slot(preq->slot)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start GET request\n");
-		remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+		release_http_pack_request(preq);
+		repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		release_request(request);
 	}
 }
@@ -479,7 +350,7 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	char *posn;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char hdr[50];
 	void *unpacked;
@@ -518,21 +389,13 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 	request->buffer.buf.len = stream.total_out;
 
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) +
-			       strlen(request->lock->token) + 51);
-	strcpy(request->url, remote->url);
-	posn = request->url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	request->dest = xmalloc(strlen(request->url) + 14);
-	sprintf(request->dest, "Destination: %s", request->url);
-	posn += 38;
-	*(posn++) = '_';
-	strcpy(posn, request->lock->token);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "Destination: ");
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, repo->url, hex, 0);
+	request->dest = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, repo->url, hex, 0);
+	strbuf_add(&buf, request->lock->tmpfile_suffix, 41);
+	request->url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
@@ -540,11 +403,15 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &request->buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, request->buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &request->buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_null);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PUT);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_PUT, 1);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, request->url);
 
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
@@ -587,18 +454,12 @@ static int refresh_lock(struct remote_lock *lock)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	char *if_header;
-	char timeout_header[25];
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 	int rc = 0;
 
 	lock->refreshing = 1;
 
-	if_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 25);
-	sprintf(if_header, "If: (<opaquelocktoken:%s>)", lock->token);
-	sprintf(timeout_header, "Timeout: Second-%ld", lock->timeout);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, if_header);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, timeout_header);
+	dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_IF | DAV_HEADER_TIMEOUT);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
@@ -621,14 +482,13 @@ static int refresh_lock(struct remote_lock *lock)
 
 	lock->refreshing = 0;
 	curl_slist_free_all(dav_headers);
-	free(if_header);
 
 	return rc;
 }
 
 static void check_locks(void)
 {
-	struct remote_lock *lock = remote->locks;
+	struct remote_lock *lock = repo->locks;
 	time_t current_time = time(NULL);
 	int time_remaining;
 
@@ -661,19 +521,14 @@ static void release_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 			entry->next = entry->next->next;
 	}
 
-	if (request->local_fileno != -1)
-		close(request->local_fileno);
-	if (request->local_stream)
-		fclose(request->local_stream);
 	free(request->url);
 	free(request);
 }
 
 static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-	struct packed_git *target;
-	struct packed_git **lst;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
+	struct http_object_request *obj_req;
 
 	request->curl_result = request->slot->curl_result;
 	request->http_code = request->slot->http_code;
@@ -728,77 +583,46 @@ static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request)
 			aborted = 1;
 		}
 	} else if (request->state == RUN_FETCH_LOOSE) {
-		fchmod(request->local_fileno, 0444);
-		close(request->local_fileno); request->local_fileno = -1;
-
-		if (request->curl_result != CURLE_OK &&
-		    request->http_code != 416) {
-			if (stat(request->tmpfile, &st) == 0) {
-				if (st.st_size == 0)
-					unlink(request->tmpfile);
-			}
-		} else {
-			if (request->http_code == 416)
-				fprintf(stderr, "Warning: requested range invalid; we may already have all the data.\n");
-
-			inflateEnd(&request->stream);
-			git_SHA1_Final(request->real_sha1, &request->c);
-			if (request->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
-				unlink(request->tmpfile);
-			} else if (hashcmp(request->obj->sha1, request->real_sha1)) {
-				unlink(request->tmpfile);
-			} else {
-				request->rename =
-					move_temp_to_file(
-						request->tmpfile,
-						request->filename);
-				if (request->rename == 0) {
-					request->obj->flags |= (LOCAL | REMOTE);
-				}
-			}
-		}
+		obj_req = (struct http_object_request *)request->userData;
+
+		if (finish_http_object_request(obj_req) == 0)
+			if (obj_req->rename == 0)
+				request->obj->flags |= (LOCAL | REMOTE);
 
 		/* Try fetching packed if necessary */
-		if (request->obj->flags & LOCAL)
+		if (request->obj->flags & LOCAL) {
+			release_http_object_request(obj_req);
 			release_request(request);
-		else
+		} else
 			start_fetch_packed(request);
 
 	} else if (request->state == RUN_FETCH_PACKED) {
+		int fail = 1;
 		if (request->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to get pack file %s\n%s",
 				request->url, curl_errorstr);
-			remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		} else {
-			off_t pack_size = ftell(request->local_stream);
-
-			fclose(request->local_stream);
-			request->local_stream = NULL;
-			if (!move_temp_to_file(request->tmpfile,
-					       request->filename)) {
-				target = (struct packed_git *)request->userData;
-				target->pack_size = pack_size;
-				lst = &remote->packs;
-				while (*lst != target)
-					lst = &((*lst)->next);
-				*lst = (*lst)->next;
-
-				if (!verify_pack(target))
-					install_packed_git(target);
-				else
-					remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+			preq = (struct http_pack_request *)request->userData;
+
+			if (preq) {
+				if (finish_http_pack_request(preq) == 0)
+					fail = 0;
+				release_http_pack_request(preq);
 			}
 		}
+		if (fail)
+			repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
 		release_request(request);
 	}
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+static int is_running_queue;
 static int fill_active_slot(void *unused)
 {
-	struct transfer_request *request = request_queue_head;
+	struct transfer_request *request;
 
-	if (aborted)
+	if (aborted || !is_running_queue)
 		return 0;
 
 	for (request = request_queue_head; request; request = request->next) {
@@ -841,8 +665,6 @@ static void add_fetch_request(struct object *obj)
 	request->url = NULL;
 	request->lock = NULL;
 	request->headers = NULL;
-	request->local_fileno = -1;
-	request->local_stream = NULL;
 	request->state = NEED_FETCH;
 	request->next = request_queue_head;
 	request_queue_head = request;
@@ -869,7 +691,7 @@ static int add_send_request(struct object *obj, struct remote_lock *lock)
 		get_remote_object_list(obj->sha1[0]);
 	if (obj->flags & (REMOTE | PUSHING))
 		return 0;
-	target = find_sha1_pack(obj->sha1, remote->packs);
+	target = find_sha1_pack(obj->sha1, repo->packs);
 	if (target) {
 		obj->flags |= REMOTE;
 		return 0;
@@ -881,8 +703,6 @@ static int add_send_request(struct object *obj, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	request->url = NULL;
 	request->lock = lock;
 	request->headers = NULL;
-	request->local_fileno = -1;
-	request->local_stream = NULL;
 	request->state = NEED_PUSH;
 	request->next = request_queue_head;
 	request_queue_head = request;
@@ -895,176 +715,23 @@ static int add_send_request(struct object *obj, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int fetch_index(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	char *filename;
-	char *url;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
-
-	FILE *indexfile;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	/* Don't use the index if the pack isn't there */
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 64);
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/pack/pack-%s.pack", remote->url, hex);
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			free(url);
-			return error("Unable to verify pack %s is available",
-				     hex);
-		}
-	} else {
-		free(url);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	if (has_pack_index(sha1)) {
-		free(url);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (push_verbosely)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting index for pack %s\n", hex);
-
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/pack/pack-%s.idx", remote->url, hex);
-
-	filename = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
-	indexfile = fopen(tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!indexfile) {
-		free(url);
-		return error("Unable to open local file %s for pack index",
-			     tmpfile);
-	}
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, indexfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = indexfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(indexfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (push_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of index for pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			free(url);
-			fclose(indexfile);
-			return error("Unable to get pack index %s\n%s", url,
-				     curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		free(url);
-		fclose(indexfile);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	free(url);
-	fclose(indexfile);
-
-	return move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
-}
-
-static int setup_index(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_git *new_pack;
-
-	if (fetch_index(sha1))
-		return -1;
-
-	new_pack = parse_pack_index(sha1);
-	new_pack->next = remote->packs;
-	remote->packs = new_pack;
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int fetch_indices(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *url;
-	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *data;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (push_verbosely)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack list\n");
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 20);
-	sprintf(url, "%sobjects/info/packs", remote->url);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			strbuf_release(&buffer);
-			free(url);
-			if (results.http_code == 404)
-				return 0;
-			else
-				return error("%s", curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		strbuf_release(&buffer);
-		free(url);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-	free(url);
-
-	data = buffer.buf;
-	while (i < buffer.len) {
-		switch (data[i]) {
-		case 'P':
-			i++;
-			if (i + 52 < buffer.len &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i, " pack-") &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i + 46, ".pack\n")) {
-				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, sha1);
-				setup_index(sha1);
-				i += 51;
-				break;
-			}
-		default:
-			while (data[i] != '\n')
-				i++;
-		}
-		i++;
+	switch (http_get_info_packs(repo->url, &repo->packs)) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		ret = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		ret = -1;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_release(&buffer);
-	return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void one_remote_object(const char *hex)
@@ -1110,6 +777,8 @@ static void handle_lockprop_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 static void handle_new_lock_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 {
 	struct remote_lock *lock = (struct remote_lock *)ctx->userData;
+	git_SHA_CTX sha_ctx;
+	unsigned char lock_token_sha1[20];
 
 	if (tag_closed && ctx->cdata) {
 		if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_ACTIVELOCK_OWNER)) {
@@ -1120,10 +789,15 @@ static void handle_new_lock_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 				lock->timeout =
 					strtol(ctx->cdata + 7, NULL, 10);
 		} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_ACTIVELOCK_TOKEN)) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(ctx->cdata, "opaquelocktoken:")) {
-				lock->token = xmalloc(strlen(ctx->cdata) - 15);
-				strcpy(lock->token, ctx->cdata + 16);
-			}
+			lock->token = xmalloc(strlen(ctx->cdata) + 1);
+			strcpy(lock->token, ctx->cdata);
+
+			git_SHA1_Init(&sha_ctx);
+			git_SHA1_Update(&sha_ctx, lock->token, strlen(lock->token));
+			git_SHA1_Final(lock_token_sha1, &sha_ctx);
+
+			lock->tmpfile_suffix[0] = '_';
+			memcpy(lock->tmpfile_suffix + 1, sha1_to_hex(lock_token_sha1), 40);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1195,14 +869,16 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 	struct remote_lock *lock = NULL;
 	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
+	char *escaped;
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
+	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
 	/* Make sure leading directories exist for the remote ref */
-	ep = strchr(url + strlen(remote->url) + 1, '/');
+	ep = strchr(url + strlen(repo->url) + 1, '/');
 	while (ep) {
-		*ep = 0;
+		char saved_character = ep[1];
+		ep[1] = '\0';
 		slot = get_active_slot();
 		slot->results = &results;
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
@@ -1224,11 +900,13 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 			free(url);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		*ep = '/';
+		ep[1] = saved_character;
 		ep = strchr(ep + 1, '/');
 	}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, LOCK_REQUEST, git_default_email);
+	escaped = xml_entities(git_default_email);
+	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, LOCK_REQUEST, escaped);
+	free(escaped);
 
 	sprintf(timeout_header, "Timeout: Second-%ld", timeout);
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, timeout_header);
@@ -1239,6 +917,10 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &in_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
@@ -1291,8 +973,8 @@ static struct remote_lock *lock_remote(const char *path, long timeout)
 	} else {
 		lock->url = url;
 		lock->start_time = time(NULL);
-		lock->next = remote->locks;
-		remote->locks = lock;
+		lock->next = repo->locks;
+		repo->locks = lock;
 	}
 
 	return lock;
@@ -1302,15 +984,11 @@ static int unlock_remote(struct remote_lock *lock)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	struct remote_lock *prev = remote->locks;
-	char *lock_token_header;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct remote_lock *prev = repo->locks;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 	int rc = 0;
 
-	lock_token_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 31);
-	sprintf(lock_token_header, "Lock-Token: <opaquelocktoken:%s>",
-		lock->token);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, lock_token_header);
+	dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_LOCK);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
@@ -1331,10 +1009,9 @@ static int unlock_remote(struct remote_lock *lock)
 	}
 
 	curl_slist_free_all(dav_headers);
-	free(lock_token_header);
 
-	if (remote->locks == lock) {
-		remote->locks = lock->next;
+	if (repo->locks == lock) {
+		repo->locks = lock->next;
 	} else {
 		while (prev && prev->next != lock)
 			prev = prev->next;
@@ -1352,19 +1029,20 @@ static int unlock_remote(struct remote_lock *lock)
 
 static void remove_locks(void)
 {
-	struct remote_lock *lock = remote->locks;
+	struct remote_lock *lock = repo->locks;
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "Removing remote locks...\n");
 	while (lock) {
+		struct remote_lock *next = lock->next;
 		unlock_remote(lock);
-		lock = lock->next;
+		lock = next;
 	}
 }
 
 static void remove_locks_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_locks();
-	signal(signo, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -1426,9 +1104,17 @@ static void handle_remote_ls_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 				ls->userFunc(ls);
 			}
 		} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_PROPFIND_NAME) && ctx->cdata) {
-			ls->dentry_name = xmalloc(strlen(ctx->cdata) -
-						  remote->path_len + 1);
-			strcpy(ls->dentry_name, ctx->cdata + remote->path_len);
+			char *path = ctx->cdata;
+			if (*ctx->cdata == 'h') {
+				path = strstr(path, "//");
+				if (path) {
+					path = strchr(path+2, '/');
+				}
+			}
+			if (path) {
+				path += repo->path_len;
+				ls->dentry_name = xstrdup(path);
+			}
 		} else if (!strcmp(ctx->name, DAV_PROPFIND_COLLECTION)) {
 			ls->dentry_flags |= IS_DIR;
 		}
@@ -1439,11 +1125,17 @@ static void handle_remote_ls_ctx(struct xml_ctx *ctx, int tag_closed)
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * NEEDSWORK: remote_ls() ignores info/refs on the remote side.  But it
+ * should _only_ heed the information from that file, instead of trying to
+ * determine the refs from the remote file system (badly: it does not even
+ * know about packed-refs).
+ */
 static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 		      void (*userFunc)(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls),
 		      void *userData)
 {
-	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
 	struct strbuf in_buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1459,7 +1151,7 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 	ls.userData = userData;
 	ls.userFunc = userFunc;
 
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, PROPFIND_ALL_REQUEST);
 
@@ -1471,6 +1163,10 @@ static void remote_ls(const char *path, int flags,
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &in_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
@@ -1536,8 +1232,11 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
 	struct xml_ctx ctx;
 	int lock_flags = 0;
+	char *escaped;
 
-	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, PROPFIND_SUPPORTEDLOCK_REQUEST, remote->url);
+	escaped = xml_entities(repo->url);
+	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, PROPFIND_SUPPORTEDLOCK_REQUEST, escaped);
+	free(escaped);
 
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Depth: 0");
 	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, "Content-Type: text/xml");
@@ -1547,9 +1246,13 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &in_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, remote->url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, repo->url);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PROPFIND);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, dav_headers);
@@ -1579,16 +1282,16 @@ static int locking_available(void)
 			}
 			XML_ParserFree(parser);
 			if (!lock_flags)
-				error("Error: no DAV locking support on %s",
-				      remote->url);
+				error("no DAV locking support on %s",
+				      repo->url);
 
 		} else {
 			error("Cannot access URL %s, return code %d",
-			      remote->url, results.curl_result);
+			      repo->url, results.curl_result);
 			lock_flags = 0;
 		}
 	} else {
-		error("Unable to start PROPFIND request on %s", remote->url);
+		error("Unable to start PROPFIND request on %s", repo->url);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
@@ -1717,13 +1420,10 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 {
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	char *if_header;
 	struct buffer out_buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 
-	if_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 25);
-	sprintf(if_header, "If: (<opaquelocktoken:%s>)", lock->token);
-	dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, if_header);
+	dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_IF);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
@@ -1732,6 +1432,10 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &out_buffer);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, out_buffer.buf.len);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &out_buffer);
+#endif
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_null);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PUT);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, dav_headers);
@@ -1742,7 +1446,6 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		run_active_slot(slot);
 		strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
-		free(if_header);
 		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
 				"PUT error: curl result=%d, HTTP code=%ld\n",
@@ -1752,7 +1455,6 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 		}
 	} else {
 		strbuf_release(&out_buffer.buf);
-		free(if_header);
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start PUT request\n");
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -1760,20 +1462,7 @@ static int update_remote(unsigned char *sha1, struct remote_lock *lock)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static struct ref *local_refs, **local_tail;
-static struct ref *remote_refs, **remote_tail;
-
-static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int len = strlen(refname) + 1;
-	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
-	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
-	*local_tail = ref;
-	local_tail = &ref->next;
-	return 0;
-}
+static struct ref *remote_refs;
 
 static void one_remote_ref(char *refname)
 {
@@ -1782,10 +1471,10 @@ static void one_remote_ref(char *refname)
 
 	ref = alloc_ref(refname);
 
-	if (http_fetch_ref(remote->url, ref) != 0) {
+	if (http_fetch_ref(repo->url, ref) != 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"Unable to fetch ref %s from %s\n",
-			refname, remote->url);
+			refname, repo->url);
 		free(ref);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1794,7 +1483,7 @@ static void one_remote_ref(char *refname)
 	 * Fetch a copy of the object if it doesn't exist locally - it
 	 * may be required for updating server info later.
 	 */
-	if (remote->can_update_info_refs && !has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)) {
+	if (repo->can_update_info_refs && !has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)) {
 		obj = lookup_unknown_object(ref->old_sha1);
 		if (obj) {
 			fprintf(stderr,	"  fetch %s for %s\n",
@@ -1803,82 +1492,15 @@ static void one_remote_ref(char *refname)
 		}
 	}
 
-	*remote_tail = ref;
-	remote_tail = &ref->next;
-}
-
-static void get_local_heads(void)
-{
-	local_tail = &local_refs;
-	for_each_ref(one_local_ref, NULL);
+	ref->next = remote_refs;
+	remote_refs = ref;
 }
 
 static void get_dav_remote_heads(void)
 {
-	remote_tail = &remote_refs;
 	remote_ls("refs/", (PROCESS_FILES | PROCESS_DIRS | RECURSIVE), process_ls_ref, NULL);
 }
 
-static int is_zero_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-		if (*sha1++)
-			return 0;
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
-{
-	while (list) {
-		struct commit_list *temp = list;
-		temp->item->object.flags &= ~mark;
-		list = temp->next;
-		free(temp);
-	}
-}
-
-static int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1,
-		     const unsigned char *old_sha1)
-{
-	struct object *o;
-	struct commit *old, *new;
-	struct commit_list *list, *used;
-	int found = 0;
-
-	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
-	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
-	 */
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	old = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	o = deref_tag(parse_object(new_sha1), NULL, 0);
-	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		return 0;
-	new = (struct commit *) o;
-
-	if (parse_commit(new) < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	used = list = NULL;
-	commit_list_insert(new, &list);
-	while (list) {
-		new = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, TMP_MARK);
-		commit_list_insert(new, &used);
-		if (new == old) {
-			found = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	unmark_and_free(list, TMP_MARK);
-	unmark_and_free(used, TMP_MARK);
-	return found;
-}
-
 static void add_remote_info_ref(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 {
 	struct strbuf *buf = (struct strbuf *)ls->userData;
@@ -1889,10 +1511,10 @@ static void add_remote_info_ref(struct remote_ls_ctx *ls)
 
 	ref = alloc_ref(ls->dentry_name);
 
-	if (http_fetch_ref(remote->url, ref) != 0) {
+	if (http_fetch_ref(repo->url, ref) != 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr,
 			"Unable to fetch ref %s from %s\n",
-			ls->dentry_name, remote->url);
+			ls->dentry_name, repo->url);
 		aborted = 1;
 		free(ref);
 		return;
@@ -1934,21 +1556,22 @@ static void update_remote_info_refs(struct remote_lock *lock)
 	struct buffer buffer = { STRBUF_INIT, 0 };
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
-	char *if_header;
-	struct curl_slist *dav_headers = NULL;
+	struct curl_slist *dav_headers;
 
 	remote_ls("refs/", (PROCESS_FILES | RECURSIVE),
 		  add_remote_info_ref, &buffer.buf);
 	if (!aborted) {
-		if_header = xmalloc(strlen(lock->token) + 25);
-		sprintf(if_header, "If: (<opaquelocktoken:%s>)", lock->token);
-		dav_headers = curl_slist_append(dav_headers, if_header);
+		dav_headers = get_dav_token_headers(lock, DAV_HEADER_IF);
 
 		slot = get_active_slot();
 		slot->results = &results;
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, &buffer);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, buffer.buf.len);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, fread_buffer);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl_buffer);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_IOCTLDATA, &buffer);
+#endif
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_null);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, DAV_PUT);
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, dav_headers);
@@ -1964,37 +1587,29 @@ static void update_remote_info_refs(struct remote_lock *lock)
 					results.curl_result, results.http_code);
 			}
 		}
-		free(if_header);
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buffer.buf);
 }
 
 static int remote_exists(const char *path)
 {
-	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-	int ret = -1;
-
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
+	char *url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	int ret;
 
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.http_code == 404)
-			ret = 0;
-		else if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK)
-			ret = 1;
-		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "HEAD HTTP error %ld\n", results.http_code);
-	} else {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to start HEAD request\n");
+	switch (http_get_strbuf(url, NULL, 0)) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+		ret = 1;
+		break;
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		ret = 0;
+		break;
+	case HTTP_ERROR:
+		http_error(url, HTTP_ERROR);
+	default:
+		ret = -1;
 	}
-
 	free(url);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -2003,27 +1618,13 @@ static void fetch_symref(const char *path, char **symref, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	char *url;
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, path);
+	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(path) + 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, path);
 
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			die("Couldn't get %s for remote symref\n%s",
-			    url, curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		die("Unable to start remote symref request");
-	}
+	if (http_get_strbuf(url, &buffer, 0) != HTTP_OK)
+		die("Couldn't get %s for remote symref\n%s", url,
+		    curl_errorstr);
 	free(url);
 
 	free(*symref);
@@ -2104,13 +1705,13 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(char *pattern, int force)
 		/* Remote HEAD must resolve to a known object */
 		if (symref)
 			return error("Remote HEAD symrefs too deep");
-		if (is_zero_sha1(head_sha1))
+		if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
 			return error("Unable to resolve remote HEAD");
 		if (!has_sha1_file(head_sha1))
 			return error("Remote HEAD resolves to object %s\nwhich does not exist locally, perhaps you need to fetch?", sha1_to_hex(head_sha1));
 
 		/* Remote branch must resolve to a known object */
-		if (is_zero_sha1(remote_ref->old_sha1))
+		if (is_null_sha1(remote_ref->old_sha1))
 			return error("Unable to resolve remote branch %s",
 				     remote_ref->name);
 		if (!has_sha1_file(remote_ref->old_sha1))
@@ -2122,7 +1723,7 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(char *pattern, int force)
 				     "of your current HEAD.\n"
 				     "If you are sure you want to delete it,"
 				     " run:\n\t'git http-push -D %s %s'",
-				     remote_ref->name, remote->url, pattern);
+				     remote_ref->name, repo->url, pattern);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -2130,8 +1731,8 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(char *pattern, int force)
 	fprintf(stderr, "Removing remote branch '%s'\n", remote_ref->name);
 	if (dry_run)
 		return 0;
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + strlen(remote_ref->name) + 1);
-	sprintf(url, "%s%s", remote->url, remote_ref->name);
+	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url) + strlen(remote_ref->name) + 1);
+	sprintf(url, "%s%s", repo->url, remote_ref->name);
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
@@ -2152,6 +1753,25 @@ static int delete_remote_branch(char *pattern, int force)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void run_request_queue(void)
+{
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	is_running_queue = 1;
+	fill_active_slots();
+	add_fill_function(NULL, fill_active_slot);
+#endif
+	do {
+		finish_all_active_slots();
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+		fill_active_slots();
+#endif
+	} while (request_queue_head && !aborted);
+
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	is_running_queue = 0;
+#endif
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct transfer_request *request;
@@ -2167,12 +1787,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int rc = 0;
 	int i;
 	int new_refs;
-	struct ref *ref;
+	struct ref *ref, *local_refs;
+	struct remote *remote;
 	char *rewritten_url = NULL;
 
-	setup_git_directory();
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
-	remote = xcalloc(sizeof(*remote), 1);
+	repo = xcalloc(sizeof(*repo), 1);
 
 	argv++;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
@@ -2191,8 +1812,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				dry_run = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--helper-status")) {
+				helper_status = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
 				push_verbosely = 1;
+				http_is_verbose = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "-d")) {
@@ -2204,14 +1830,17 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				force_delete = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "-h"))
+				usage(http_push_usage);
 		}
-		if (!remote->url) {
+		if (!repo->url) {
 			char *path = strstr(arg, "//");
-			remote->url = arg;
+			repo->url = arg;
+			repo->path_len = strlen(arg);
 			if (path) {
-				path = strchr(path+2, '/');
-				if (path)
-					remote->path_len = strlen(path);
+				repo->path = strchr(path+2, '/');
+				if (repo->path)
+					repo->path_len = strlen(repo->path);
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -2224,77 +1853,90 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	die("git-push is not available for http/https repository when not compiled with USE_CURL_MULTI");
 #endif
 
-	if (!remote->url)
+	if (!repo->url)
 		usage(http_push_usage);
 
 	if (delete_branch && nr_refspec != 1)
 		die("You must specify only one branch name when deleting a remote branch");
 
-	memset(remote_dir_exists, -1, 256);
+	setup_git_directory();
 
-	http_init(NULL);
+	memset(remote_dir_exists, -1, 256);
 
-	no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(no_pragma_header, "Pragma:");
+	/*
+	 * Create a minimum remote by hand to give to http_init(),
+	 * primarily to allow it to look at the URL.
+	 */
+	remote = xcalloc(sizeof(*remote), 1);
+	ALLOC_GROW(remote->url, remote->url_nr + 1, remote->url_alloc);
+	remote->url[remote->url_nr++] = repo->url;
+	http_init(remote);
 
-	if (remote->url && remote->url[strlen(remote->url)-1] != '/') {
-		rewritten_url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url)+2);
-		strcpy(rewritten_url, remote->url);
+	if (repo->url && repo->url[strlen(repo->url)-1] != '/') {
+		rewritten_url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->url)+2);
+		strcpy(rewritten_url, repo->url);
 		strcat(rewritten_url, "/");
-		remote->url = rewritten_url;
-		++remote->path_len;
+		repo->path = rewritten_url + (repo->path - repo->url);
+		repo->path_len++;
+		repo->url = rewritten_url;
 	}
 
+#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+	is_running_queue = 0;
+#endif
+
 	/* Verify DAV compliance/lock support */
 	if (!locking_available()) {
 		rc = 1;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	signal(SIGINT, remove_locks_on_signal);
-	signal(SIGHUP, remove_locks_on_signal);
-	signal(SIGQUIT, remove_locks_on_signal);
-	signal(SIGTERM, remove_locks_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_locks_on_signal);
 
 	/* Check whether the remote has server info files */
-	remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
-	remote->has_info_refs = remote_exists("info/refs");
-	remote->has_info_packs = remote_exists("objects/info/packs");
-	if (remote->has_info_refs) {
+	repo->can_update_info_refs = 0;
+	repo->has_info_refs = remote_exists("info/refs");
+	repo->has_info_packs = remote_exists("objects/info/packs");
+	if (repo->has_info_refs) {
 		info_ref_lock = lock_remote("info/refs", LOCK_TIME);
 		if (info_ref_lock)
-			remote->can_update_info_refs = 1;
+			repo->can_update_info_refs = 1;
 		else {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Error: cannot lock existing info/refs\n");
+			error("cannot lock existing info/refs");
 			rc = 1;
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
 	}
-	if (remote->has_info_packs)
+	if (repo->has_info_packs)
 		fetch_indices();
 
 	/* Get a list of all local and remote heads to validate refspecs */
-	get_local_heads();
+	local_refs = get_local_heads();
 	fprintf(stderr, "Fetching remote heads...\n");
 	get_dav_remote_heads();
+	run_request_queue();
 
 	/* Remove a remote branch if -d or -D was specified */
 	if (delete_branch) {
-		if (delete_remote_branch(refspec[0], force_delete) == -1)
+		if (delete_remote_branch(refspec[0], force_delete) == -1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to delete remote branch %s\n",
 				refspec[0]);
+			if (helper_status)
+				printf("error %s cannot remove\n", refspec[0]);
+		}
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
 	/* match them up */
-	if (!remote_tail)
-		remote_tail = &remote_refs;
-	if (match_refs(local_refs, remote_refs, &remote_tail,
+	if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
 		       nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec, push_all)) {
 		rc = -1;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 	if (!remote_refs) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n");
+		if (helper_status)
+			printf("error null no match\n");
 		rc = 0;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
@@ -2302,18 +1944,22 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	new_refs = 0;
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		char old_hex[60], *new_hex;
-		const char *commit_argv[4];
+		const char *commit_argv[5];
 		int commit_argc;
 		char *new_sha1_hex, *old_sha1_hex;
 
 		if (!ref->peer_ref)
 			continue;
 
-		if (is_zero_sha1(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
+		if (is_null_sha1(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
 			if (delete_remote_branch(ref->name, 1) == -1) {
 				error("Could not remove %s", ref->name);
+				if (helper_status)
+					printf("error %s cannot remove\n", ref->name);
 				rc = -4;
 			}
+			else if (helper_status)
+				printf("ok %s\n", ref->name);
 			new_refs++;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -2321,11 +1967,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1)) {
 			if (push_verbosely || 1)
 				fprintf(stderr, "'%s': up-to-date\n", ref->name);
+			if (helper_status)
+				printf("ok %s up to date\n", ref->name);
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (!force_all &&
-		    !is_zero_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
+		    !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
 		    !ref->force) {
 			if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1) ||
 			    !ref_newer(ref->peer_ref->new_sha1,
@@ -2344,6 +1992,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				      "need to pull first?",
 				      ref->name,
 				      ref->peer_ref->name);
+				if (helper_status)
+					printf("error %s non-fast forward\n", ref->name);
 				rc = -2;
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -2357,14 +2007,19 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		if (strcmp(ref->name, ref->peer_ref->name))
 			fprintf(stderr, " using '%s'", ref->peer_ref->name);
 		fprintf(stderr, "\n  from %s\n  to   %s\n", old_hex, new_hex);
-		if (dry_run)
+		if (dry_run) {
+			if (helper_status)
+				printf("ok %s\n", ref->name);
 			continue;
+		}
 
 		/* Lock remote branch ref */
 		ref_lock = lock_remote(ref->name, LOCK_TIME);
 		if (ref_lock == NULL) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to lock remote branch %s\n",
 				ref->name);
+			if (helper_status)
+				printf("error %s lock error\n", ref->name);
 			rc = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -2375,13 +2030,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		old_sha1_hex = NULL;
 		commit_argv[1] = "--objects";
 		commit_argv[2] = new_sha1_hex;
-		if (!push_all && !is_zero_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+		if (!push_all && !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
 			old_sha1_hex = xmalloc(42);
 			sprintf(old_sha1_hex, "^%s",
 				sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1));
 			commit_argv[3] = old_sha1_hex;
 			commit_argc++;
 		}
+		commit_argv[commit_argc] = NULL;
 		init_revisions(&revs, setup_git_directory());
 		setup_revisions(commit_argc, commit_argv, &revs, NULL);
 		revs.edge_hint = 0; /* just in case */
@@ -2405,16 +2061,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		if (objects_to_send)
 			fprintf(stderr, "    sending %d objects\n",
 				objects_to_send);
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-		fill_active_slots();
-		add_fill_function(NULL, fill_active_slot);
-#endif
-		do {
-			finish_all_active_slots();
-#ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-			fill_active_slots();
-#endif
-		} while (request_queue_head && !aborted);
+
+		run_request_queue();
 
 		/* Update the remote branch if all went well */
 		if (aborted || !update_remote(ref->new_sha1, ref_lock))
@@ -2422,13 +2070,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 		if (!rc)
 			fprintf(stderr, "    done\n");
+		if (helper_status)
+			printf("%s %s\n", !rc ? "ok" : "error", ref->name);
 		unlock_remote(ref_lock);
 		check_locks();
 	}
 
 	/* Update remote server info if appropriate */
-	if (remote->has_info_refs && new_refs) {
-		if (info_ref_lock && remote->can_update_info_refs) {
+	if (repo->has_info_refs && new_refs) {
+		if (info_ref_lock && repo->can_update_info_refs) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Updating remote server info\n");
 			if (!dry_run)
 				update_remote_info_refs(info_ref_lock);
@@ -2441,9 +2091,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	free(rewritten_url);
 	if (info_ref_lock)
 		unlock_remote(info_ref_lock);
-	free(remote);
-
-	curl_slist_free_all(no_pragma_header);
+	free(repo);
 
 	http_cleanup();
 
diff --git a/http-walker.c b/http-walker.c
index 7271c7d19..700bc1311 100644
--- a/http-walker.c
+++ b/http-walker.c
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "pack.h"
 #include "walker.h"
 #include "http.h"
 
-#define PREV_BUF_SIZE 4096
-#define RANGE_HEADER_SIZE 30
-
 struct alt_base
 {
 	char *base;
@@ -27,20 +23,8 @@ struct object_request
 	struct walker *walker;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct alt_base *repo;
-	char *url;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	int local;
 	enum object_request_state state;
-	CURLcode curl_result;
-	char errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
-	long http_code;
-	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
-	git_SHA_CTX c;
-	z_stream stream;
-	int zret;
-	int rename;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct http_object_request *req;
 	struct object_request *next;
 };
 
@@ -57,39 +41,10 @@ struct walker_data {
 	const char *url;
 	int got_alternates;
 	struct alt_base *alt;
-	struct curl_slist *no_pragma_header;
 };
 
 static struct object_request *object_queue_head;
 
-static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
-			       void *data)
-{
-	unsigned char expn[4096];
-	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
-	int posn = 0;
-	struct object_request *obj_req = (struct object_request *)data;
-	do {
-		ssize_t retval = xwrite(obj_req->local,
-				       (char *) ptr + posn, size - posn);
-		if (retval < 0)
-			return posn;
-		posn += retval;
-	} while (posn < size);
-
-	obj_req->stream.avail_in = size;
-	obj_req->stream.next_in = ptr;
-	do {
-		obj_req->stream.next_out = expn;
-		obj_req->stream.avail_out = sizeof(expn);
-		obj_req->zret = inflate(&obj_req->stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
-		git_SHA1_Update(&obj_req->c, expn,
-			    sizeof(expn) - obj_req->stream.avail_out);
-	} while (obj_req->stream.avail_in && obj_req->zret == Z_OK);
-	data_received++;
-	return size;
-}
-
 static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base);
 
 static void process_object_response(void *callback_data);
@@ -97,166 +52,35 @@ static void process_object_response(void *callback_data);
 static void start_object_request(struct walker *walker,
 				 struct object_request *obj_req)
 {
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(obj_req->sha1);
-	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
-	char *url;
-	char *posn;
-	int prevlocal;
-	unsigned char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
-	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
+	struct http_object_request *req;
 
-	snprintf(prevfile, sizeof(prevfile), "%s.prev", obj_req->filename);
-	unlink(prevfile);
-	rename(obj_req->tmpfile, prevfile);
-	unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-
-	if (obj_req->local != -1)
-		error("fd leakage in start: %d", obj_req->local);
-	obj_req->local = open(obj_req->tmpfile,
-			      O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	/* This could have failed due to the "lazy directory creation";
-	 * try to mkdir the last path component.
-	 */
-	if (obj_req->local < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
-		char *dir = strrchr(obj_req->tmpfile, '/');
-		if (dir) {
-			*dir = 0;
-			mkdir(obj_req->tmpfile, 0777);
-			*dir = '/';
-		}
-		obj_req->local = open(obj_req->tmpfile,
-				      O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
-	}
-
-	if (obj_req->local < 0) {
+	req = new_http_object_request(obj_req->repo->base, obj_req->sha1);
+	if (req == NULL) {
 		obj_req->state = ABORTED;
-		error("Couldn't create temporary file %s for %s: %s",
-		      obj_req->tmpfile, obj_req->filename, strerror(errno));
 		return;
 	}
+	obj_req->req = req;
 
-	memset(&obj_req->stream, 0, sizeof(obj_req->stream));
-
-	inflateInit(&obj_req->stream);
-
-	git_SHA1_Init(&obj_req->c);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(obj_req->repo->base) + 51);
-	obj_req->url = xmalloc(strlen(obj_req->repo->base) + 51);
-	strcpy(url, obj_req->repo->base);
-	posn = url + strlen(obj_req->repo->base);
-	strcpy(posn, "/objects/");
-	posn += 9;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	strcpy(obj_req->url, url);
-
-	/* If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
-	   fetched. */
-	prevlocal = open(prevfile, O_RDONLY);
-	if (prevlocal != -1) {
-		do {
-			prev_read = xread(prevlocal, prev_buf, PREV_BUF_SIZE);
-			if (prev_read>0) {
-				if (fwrite_sha1_file(prev_buf,
-						     1,
-						     prev_read,
-						     obj_req) == prev_read) {
-					prev_posn += prev_read;
-				} else {
-					prev_read = -1;
-				}
-			}
-		} while (prev_read > 0);
-		close(prevlocal);
-	}
-	unlink(prevfile);
-
-	/* Reset inflate/SHA1 if there was an error reading the previous temp
-	   file; also rewind to the beginning of the local file. */
-	if (prev_read == -1) {
-		memset(&obj_req->stream, 0, sizeof(obj_req->stream));
-		inflateInit(&obj_req->stream);
-		git_SHA1_Init(&obj_req->c);
-		if (prev_posn>0) {
-			prev_posn = 0;
-			lseek(obj_req->local, 0, SEEK_SET);
-			ftruncate(obj_req->local, 0);
-		}
-	}
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
+	slot = req->slot;
 	slot->callback_func = process_object_response;
 	slot->callback_data = obj_req;
-	obj_req->slot = slot;
-
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, obj_req);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_sha1_file);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, obj_req->errorstr);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, data->no_pragma_header);
-
-	/* If we have successfully processed data from a previous fetch
-	   attempt, only fetch the data we don't already have. */
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (walker->get_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl,
-				 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
 
 	/* Try to get the request started, abort the request on error */
 	obj_req->state = ACTIVE;
 	if (!start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		obj_req->state = ABORTED;
-		obj_req->slot = NULL;
-		close(obj_req->local); obj_req->local = -1;
-		free(obj_req->url);
+		release_http_object_request(req);
 		return;
 	}
 }
 
 static void finish_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 {
-	struct stat st;
-
-	fchmod(obj_req->local, 0444);
-	close(obj_req->local); obj_req->local = -1;
-
-	if (obj_req->http_code == 416) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: requested range invalid; we may already have all the data.\n");
-	} else if (obj_req->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-		if (stat(obj_req->tmpfile, &st) == 0)
-			if (st.st_size == 0)
-				unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	inflateEnd(&obj_req->stream);
-	git_SHA1_Final(obj_req->real_sha1, &obj_req->c);
-	if (obj_req->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
-		unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
+	if (finish_http_object_request(obj_req->req))
 		return;
-	}
-	if (hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, obj_req->real_sha1)) {
-		unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-		return;
-	}
-	obj_req->rename =
-		move_temp_to_file(obj_req->tmpfile, obj_req->filename);
 
-	if (obj_req->rename == 0)
+	if (obj_req->req->rename == 0)
 		walker_say(obj_req->walker, "got %s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj_req->sha1));
 }
 
@@ -268,19 +92,16 @@ static void process_object_response(void *callback_data)
 	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
 	struct alt_base *alt = data->alt;
 
-	obj_req->curl_result = obj_req->slot->curl_result;
-	obj_req->http_code = obj_req->slot->http_code;
-	obj_req->slot = NULL;
+	process_http_object_request(obj_req->req);
 	obj_req->state = COMPLETE;
 
 	/* Use alternates if necessary */
-	if (missing_target(obj_req)) {
+	if (missing_target(obj_req->req)) {
 		fetch_alternates(walker, alt->base);
 		if (obj_req->repo->next != NULL) {
 			obj_req->repo =
 				obj_req->repo->next;
-			close(obj_req->local);
-			obj_req->local = -1;
+			release_http_object_request(obj_req->req);
 			start_object_request(walker, obj_req);
 			return;
 		}
@@ -293,8 +114,8 @@ static void release_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 {
 	struct object_request *entry = object_queue_head;
 
-	if (obj_req->local != -1)
-		error("fd leakage in release: %d", obj_req->local);
+	if (obj_req->req !=NULL && obj_req->req->localfile != -1)
+		error("fd leakage in release: %d", obj_req->req->localfile);
 	if (obj_req == object_queue_head) {
 		object_queue_head = obj_req->next;
 	} else {
@@ -304,7 +125,6 @@ static void release_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 			entry->next = entry->next->next;
 	}
 
-	free(obj_req->url);
 	free(obj_req);
 }
 
@@ -332,28 +152,23 @@ static void prefetch(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
 	struct object_request *newreq;
 	struct object_request *tail;
 	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
-	char *filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
 
 	newreq = xmalloc(sizeof(*newreq));
 	newreq->walker = walker;
 	hashcpy(newreq->sha1, sha1);
 	newreq->repo = data->alt;
-	newreq->url = NULL;
-	newreq->local = -1;
 	newreq->state = WAITING;
-	snprintf(newreq->filename, sizeof(newreq->filename), "%s", filename);
-	snprintf(newreq->tmpfile, sizeof(newreq->tmpfile),
-		 "%s.temp", filename);
-	newreq->slot = NULL;
+	newreq->req = NULL;
 	newreq->next = NULL;
 
+	http_is_verbose = walker->get_verbosely;
+
 	if (object_queue_head == NULL) {
 		object_queue_head = newreq;
 	} else {
 		tail = object_queue_head;
-		while (tail->next != NULL) {
+		while (tail->next != NULL)
 			tail = tail->next;
-		}
 		tail->next = newreq;
 	}
 
@@ -363,92 +178,6 @@ static void prefetch(struct walker *walker, unsigned char *sha1)
 #endif
 }
 
-static int fetch_index(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-	char *filename;
-	char *url;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
-	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
-
-	FILE *indexfile;
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	if (has_pack_index(sha1))
-		return 0;
-
-	if (walker->get_verbosely)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Getting index for pack %s\n", hex);
-
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->base) + 64);
-	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/pack/pack-%s.idx", repo->base, hex);
-
-	filename = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
-	indexfile = fopen(tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!indexfile)
-		return error("Unable to open local file %s for pack index",
-			     tmpfile);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, indexfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, data->no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = indexfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(indexfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (walker->get_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of index for pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				hex, prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			fclose(indexfile);
-			return error("Unable to get pack index %s\n%s", url,
-				     curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		fclose(indexfile);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
-	}
-
-	fclose(indexfile);
-
-	return move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
-}
-
-static int setup_index(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct packed_git *new_pack;
-	if (has_pack_file(sha1))
-		return 0; /* don't list this as something we can get */
-
-	if (fetch_index(walker, repo, sha1))
-		return -1;
-
-	new_pack = parse_pack_index(sha1);
-	if (!new_pack)
-		return -1; /* parse_pack_index() already issued error message */
-	new_pack->next = repo->packs;
-	repo->packs = new_pack;
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 {
 	struct alternates_request *alt_req =
@@ -505,7 +234,8 @@ static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 			struct alt_base *newalt;
 			char *target = NULL;
 			if (data[i] == '/') {
-				/* This counts
+				/*
+				 * This counts
 				 * http://git.host/pub/scm/linux.git/
 				 * -----------here^
 				 * so memcpy(dst, base, serverlen) will
@@ -518,7 +248,8 @@ static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 					okay = 1;
 				}
 			} else if (!memcmp(data + i, "../", 3)) {
-				/* Relative URL; chop the corresponding
+				/*
+				 * Relative URL; chop the corresponding
 				 * number of subpath from base (and ../
 				 * from data), and concatenate the result.
 				 *
@@ -547,7 +278,7 @@ static void process_alternates_response(void *callback_data)
 				}
 				/* If the server got removed, give up. */
 				okay = strchr(base, ':') - base + 3 <
-					serverlen;
+				       serverlen;
 			} else if (alt_req->http_specific) {
 				char *colon = strchr(data + i, ':');
 				char *slash = strchr(data + i, '/');
@@ -591,9 +322,11 @@ static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
 	struct alternates_request alt_req;
 	struct walker_data *cdata = walker->data;
 
-	/* If another request has already started fetching alternates,
-	   wait for them to arrive and return to processing this request's
-	   curl message */
+	/*
+	 * If another request has already started fetching alternates,
+	 * wait for them to arrive and return to processing this request's
+	 * curl message
+	 */
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	while (cdata->got_alternates == 0) {
 		step_active_slots();
@@ -613,8 +346,10 @@ static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
 	url = xmalloc(strlen(base) + 31);
 	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/info/http-alternates", base);
 
-	/* Use a callback to process the result, since another request
-	   may fail and need to have alternates loaded before continuing */
+	/*
+	 * Use a callback to process the result, since another request
+	 * may fail and need to have alternates loaded before continuing
+	 */
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_alternates_response;
 	alt_req.walker = walker;
@@ -641,15 +376,7 @@ static void fetch_alternates(struct walker *walker, const char *base)
 
 static int fetch_indices(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char *url;
-	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *data;
-	int i = 0;
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (repo->got_indices)
 		return 0;
@@ -657,76 +384,26 @@ static int fetch_indices(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo)
 	if (walker->get_verbosely)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Getting pack list for %s\n", repo->base);
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->base) + 21);
-	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/info/packs", repo->base);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			if (missing_target(&results)) {
-				repo->got_indices = 1;
-				goto cleanup;
-			} else {
-				repo->got_indices = 0;
-				ret = error("%s", curl_errorstr);
-				goto cleanup;
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
+	switch (http_get_info_packs(repo->base, &repo->packs)) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		repo->got_indices = 1;
+		ret = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
 		repo->got_indices = 0;
-		ret = error("Unable to start request");
-		goto cleanup;
+		ret = -1;
 	}
 
-	data = buffer.buf;
-	while (i < buffer.len) {
-		switch (data[i]) {
-		case 'P':
-			i++;
-			if (i + 52 <= buffer.len &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i, " pack-") &&
-			    !prefixcmp(data + i + 46, ".pack\n")) {
-				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, sha1);
-				setup_index(walker, repo, sha1);
-				i += 51;
-				break;
-			}
-		default:
-			while (i < buffer.len && data[i] != '\n')
-				i++;
-		}
-		i++;
-	}
-
-	repo->got_indices = 1;
-cleanup:
-	strbuf_release(&buffer);
-	free(url);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static int fetch_pack(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	char *url;
 	struct packed_git *target;
-	struct packed_git **lst;
-	FILE *packfile;
-	char *filename;
-	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
 	int ret;
-	long prev_posn = 0;
-	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
-	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
-	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
-
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
 
 	if (fetch_indices(walker, repo))
 		return -1;
@@ -741,80 +418,37 @@ static int fetch_pack(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned cha
 			sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(repo->base) + 65);
-	sprintf(url, "%s/objects/pack/pack-%s.pack",
-		repo->base, sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
+	preq = new_http_pack_request(target, repo->base);
+	if (preq == NULL)
+		goto abort;
+	preq->lst = &repo->packs;
+	preq->slot->results = &results;
 
-	filename = sha1_pack_name(target->sha1);
-	snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
-	packfile = fopen(tmpfile, "a");
-	if (!packfile)
-		return error("Unable to open local file %s for pack",
-			     tmpfile);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, packfile);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, data->no_pragma_header);
-	slot->local = packfile;
-
-	/* If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
-	   resume where it left off */
-	prev_posn = ftell(packfile);
-	if (prev_posn>0) {
-		if (walker->get_verbosely)
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %ld\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), prev_posn);
-		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
-		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
-	}
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
+	if (start_active_slot(preq->slot)) {
+		run_active_slot(preq->slot);
 		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			fclose(packfile);
-			return error("Unable to get pack file %s\n%s", url,
-				     curl_errorstr);
+			error("Unable to get pack file %s\n%s", preq->url,
+			      curl_errorstr);
+			goto abort;
 		}
 	} else {
-		fclose(packfile);
-		return error("Unable to start request");
+		error("Unable to start request");
+		goto abort;
 	}
 
-	target->pack_size = ftell(packfile);
-	fclose(packfile);
-
-	ret = move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
+	ret = finish_http_pack_request(preq);
+	release_http_pack_request(preq);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	lst = &repo->packs;
-	while (*lst != target)
-		lst = &((*lst)->next);
-	*lst = (*lst)->next;
-
-	if (verify_pack(target))
-		return -1;
-	install_packed_git(target);
-
 	return 0;
+
+abort:
+	return -1;
 }
 
 static void abort_object_request(struct object_request *obj_req)
 {
-	if (obj_req->local >= 0) {
-		close(obj_req->local);
-		obj_req->local = -1;
-	}
-	unlink(obj_req->tmpfile);
-	if (obj_req->slot) {
-		release_active_slot(obj_req->slot);
-		obj_req->slot = NULL;
-	}
 	release_object_request(obj_req);
 }
 
@@ -823,6 +457,7 @@ static int fetch_object(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned c
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct object_request *obj_req = object_queue_head;
+	struct http_object_request *req;
 
 	while (obj_req != NULL && hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, sha1))
 		obj_req = obj_req->next;
@@ -830,45 +465,55 @@ static int fetch_object(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned c
 		return error("Couldn't find request for %s in the queue", hex);
 
 	if (has_sha1_file(obj_req->sha1)) {
+		if (obj_req->req != NULL)
+			abort_http_object_request(obj_req->req);
 		abort_object_request(obj_req);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-	while (obj_req->state == WAITING) {
+	while (obj_req->state == WAITING)
 		step_active_slots();
-	}
 #else
 	start_object_request(walker, obj_req);
 #endif
 
-	while (obj_req->state == ACTIVE) {
-		run_active_slot(obj_req->slot);
-	}
-	if (obj_req->local != -1) {
-		close(obj_req->local); obj_req->local = -1;
+	/*
+	 * obj_req->req might change when fetching alternates in the callback
+	 * process_object_response; therefore, the "shortcut" variable, req,
+	 * is used only after we're done with slots.
+	 */
+	while (obj_req->state == ACTIVE)
+		run_active_slot(obj_req->req->slot);
+
+	req = obj_req->req;
+
+	if (req->localfile != -1) {
+		close(req->localfile);
+		req->localfile = -1;
 	}
 
 	if (obj_req->state == ABORTED) {
 		ret = error("Request for %s aborted", hex);
-	} else if (obj_req->curl_result != CURLE_OK &&
-		   obj_req->http_code != 416) {
-		if (missing_target(obj_req))
+	} else if (req->curl_result != CURLE_OK &&
+		   req->http_code != 416) {
+		if (missing_target(req))
 			ret = -1; /* Be silent, it is probably in a pack. */
 		else
 			ret = error("%s (curl_result = %d, http_code = %ld, sha1 = %s)",
-				    obj_req->errorstr, obj_req->curl_result,
-				    obj_req->http_code, hex);
-	} else if (obj_req->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
+				    req->errorstr, req->curl_result,
+				    req->http_code, hex);
+	} else if (req->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
 		walker->corrupt_object_found++;
-		ret = error("File %s (%s) corrupt", hex, obj_req->url);
-	} else if (hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, obj_req->real_sha1)) {
+		ret = error("File %s (%s) corrupt", hex, req->url);
+	} else if (hashcmp(obj_req->sha1, req->real_sha1)) {
 		ret = error("File %s has bad hash", hex);
-	} else if (obj_req->rename < 0) {
+	} else if (req->rename < 0) {
 		ret = error("unable to write sha1 filename %s",
-			    obj_req->filename);
+			    req->filename);
 	}
 
+	release_http_object_request(req);
 	release_object_request(obj_req);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -898,10 +543,7 @@ static int fetch_ref(struct walker *walker, struct ref *ref)
 
 static void cleanup(struct walker *walker)
 {
-	struct walker_data *data = walker->data;
 	http_cleanup();
-
-	curl_slist_free_all(data->no_pragma_header);
 }
 
 struct walker *get_http_walker(const char *url, struct remote *remote)
@@ -912,8 +554,6 @@ struct walker *get_http_walker(const char *url, struct remote *remote)
 
 	http_init(remote);
 
-	data->no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(NULL, "Pragma:");
-
 	data->alt = xmalloc(sizeof(*data->alt));
 	data->alt->base = xmalloc(strlen(url) + 1);
 	strcpy(data->alt->base, url);
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
index ed59b7970..ed6414a2a 100644
--- a/http.c
+++ b/http.c
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 #include "http.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#include "sideband.h"
 
 int data_received;
-int active_requests = 0;
+int active_requests;
+int http_is_verbose;
+size_t http_post_buffer = 16 * LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 static int max_requests = -1;
@@ -10,25 +14,42 @@ static CURLM *curlm;
 #ifndef NO_CURL_EASY_DUPHANDLE
 static CURL *curl_default;
 #endif
+
+#define PREV_BUF_SIZE 4096
+#define RANGE_HEADER_SIZE 30
+
 char curl_errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 
 static int curl_ssl_verify = -1;
-static const char *ssl_cert = NULL;
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
-static const char *ssl_key = NULL;
+static const char *ssl_cert;
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+static const char *ssl_key;
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
-static const char *ssl_capath = NULL;
+static const char *ssl_capath;
 #endif
-static const char *ssl_cainfo = NULL;
+static const char *ssl_cainfo;
 static long curl_low_speed_limit = -1;
 static long curl_low_speed_time = -1;
-static int curl_ftp_no_epsv = 0;
-static char *curl_http_proxy = NULL;
+static int curl_ftp_no_epsv;
+static const char *curl_http_proxy;
+static char *user_name, *user_pass;
+
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071700
+/* Use CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD as is */
+#elif LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+#define CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD CURLOPT_SSLKEYPASSWD
+#else
+#define CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD CURLOPT_SSLCERTPASSWD
+#endif
+
+static char *ssl_cert_password;
+static int ssl_cert_password_required;
 
 static struct curl_slist *pragma_header;
+static struct curl_slist *no_pragma_header;
 
-static struct active_request_slot *active_queue_head = NULL;
+static struct active_request_slot *active_queue_head;
 
 size_t fread_buffer(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *buffer_)
 {
@@ -43,6 +64,25 @@ size_t fread_buffer(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *buffer_)
 	return size;
 }
 
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+curlioerr ioctl_buffer(CURL *handle, int cmd, void *clientp)
+{
+	struct buffer *buffer = clientp;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case CURLIOCMD_NOP:
+		return CURLIOE_OK;
+
+	case CURLIOCMD_RESTARTREAD:
+		buffer->posn = 0;
+		return CURLIOE_OK;
+
+	default:
+		return CURLIOE_UNKNOWNCMD;
+	}
+}
+#endif
+
 size_t fwrite_buffer(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *buffer_)
 {
 	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
@@ -59,8 +99,6 @@ size_t fwrite_null(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf)
 	return eltsize * nmemb;
 }
 
-static void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
-
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 static void process_curl_messages(void)
 {
@@ -94,53 +132,38 @@ static void process_curl_messages(void)
 static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslverify", var)) {
-		if (curl_ssl_verify == -1) {
-			curl_ssl_verify = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		}
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslcert", var)) {
-		if (ssl_cert == NULL)
-			return git_config_string(&ssl_cert, var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslkey", var)) {
-		if (ssl_key == NULL)
-			return git_config_string(&ssl_key, var, value);
+		curl_ssl_verify = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcert", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_cert, var, value);
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslkey", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_key, var, value);
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslcapath", var)) {
-		if (ssl_capath == NULL)
-			return git_config_string(&ssl_capath, var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcapath", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_capath, var, value);
 #endif
-	if (!strcmp("http.sslcainfo", var)) {
-		if (ssl_cainfo == NULL)
-			return git_config_string(&ssl_cainfo, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcainfo", var))
+		return git_config_string(&ssl_cainfo, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp("http.sslcertpasswordprotected", var)) {
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			ssl_cert_password_required = 1;
 		return 0;
 	}
-
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	if (!strcmp("http.maxrequests", var)) {
-		if (max_requests == -1)
-			max_requests = git_config_int(var, value);
+		max_requests = git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 #endif
-
 	if (!strcmp("http.lowspeedlimit", var)) {
-		if (curl_low_speed_limit == -1)
-			curl_low_speed_limit = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
+		curl_low_speed_limit = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!strcmp("http.lowspeedtime", var)) {
-		if (curl_low_speed_time == -1)
-			curl_low_speed_time = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
+		curl_low_speed_time = (long)git_config_int(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -148,12 +171,13 @@ static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		curl_ftp_no_epsv = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp("http.proxy", var)) {
-		if (curl_http_proxy == NULL) {
-			if (!value)
-				return config_error_nonbool(var);
-			curl_http_proxy = xstrdup(value);
-		}
+	if (!strcmp("http.proxy", var))
+		return git_config_string(&curl_http_proxy, var, value);
+
+	if (!strcmp("http.postbuffer", var)) {
+		http_post_buffer = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (http_post_buffer < LARGE_PACKET_MAX)
+			http_post_buffer = LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -161,9 +185,37 @@ static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static CURL* get_curl_handle(void)
+static void init_curl_http_auth(CURL *result)
+{
+	if (user_name) {
+		struct strbuf up = STRBUF_INIT;
+		if (!user_pass)
+			user_pass = xstrdup(getpass("Password: "));
+		strbuf_addf(&up, "%s:%s", user_name, user_pass);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERPWD,
+				 strbuf_detach(&up, NULL));
+	}
+}
+
+static int has_cert_password(void)
 {
-	CURL* result = curl_easy_init();
+	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL)
+		return 1;
+	if (ssl_cert == NULL || ssl_cert_password_required != 1)
+		return 0;
+	/* Only prompt the user once. */
+	ssl_cert_password_required = -1;
+	ssl_cert_password = getpass("Certificate Password: ");
+	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL) {
+		ssl_cert_password = xstrdup(ssl_cert_password);
+		return 1;
+	} else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
+{
+	CURL *result = curl_easy_init();
 
 	if (!curl_ssl_verify) {
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
@@ -179,9 +231,13 @@ static CURL* get_curl_handle(void)
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_NETRC, CURL_NETRC_OPTIONAL);
 #endif
 
+	init_curl_http_auth(result);
+
 	if (ssl_cert != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLCERT, ssl_cert);
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
+	if (has_cert_password())
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD, ssl_cert_password);
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
 	if (ssl_key != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLKEY, ssl_key);
 #endif
@@ -216,17 +272,69 @@ static CURL* get_curl_handle(void)
 	return result;
 }
 
+static void http_auth_init(const char *url)
+{
+	char *at, *colon, *cp, *slash;
+	int len;
+
+	cp = strstr(url, "://");
+	if (!cp)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * Ok, the URL looks like "proto://something".  Which one?
+	 * "proto://<user>:<pass>@<host>/...",
+	 * "proto://<user>@<host>/...", or just
+	 * "proto://<host>/..."?
+	 */
+	cp += 3;
+	at = strchr(cp, '@');
+	colon = strchr(cp, ':');
+	slash = strchrnul(cp, '/');
+	if (!at || slash <= at)
+		return; /* No credentials */
+	if (!colon || at <= colon) {
+		/* Only username */
+		len = at - cp;
+		user_name = xmalloc(len + 1);
+		memcpy(user_name, cp, len);
+		user_name[len] = '\0';
+		user_pass = NULL;
+	} else {
+		len = colon - cp;
+		user_name = xmalloc(len + 1);
+		memcpy(user_name, cp, len);
+		user_name[len] = '\0';
+		len = at - (colon + 1);
+		user_pass = xmalloc(len + 1);
+		memcpy(user_pass, colon + 1, len);
+		user_pass[len] = '\0';
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_from_env(const char **var, const char *envname)
+{
+	const char *val = getenv(envname);
+	if (val)
+		*var = val;
+}
+
 void http_init(struct remote *remote)
 {
 	char *low_speed_limit;
 	char *low_speed_time;
 
+	http_is_verbose = 0;
+
+	git_config(http_options, NULL);
+
 	curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
 
 	if (remote && remote->http_proxy)
 		curl_http_proxy = xstrdup(remote->http_proxy);
 
 	pragma_header = curl_slist_append(pragma_header, "Pragma: no-cache");
+	no_pragma_header = curl_slist_append(no_pragma_header, "Pragma:");
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	{
@@ -245,14 +353,14 @@ void http_init(struct remote *remote)
 	if (getenv("GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY"))
 		curl_ssl_verify = 0;
 
-	ssl_cert = getenv("GIT_SSL_CERT");
-#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070902
-	ssl_key = getenv("GIT_SSL_KEY");
+	set_from_env(&ssl_cert, "GIT_SSL_CERT");
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
+	set_from_env(&ssl_key, "GIT_SSL_KEY");
 #endif
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070908
-	ssl_capath = getenv("GIT_SSL_CAPATH");
+	set_from_env(&ssl_capath, "GIT_SSL_CAPATH");
 #endif
-	ssl_cainfo = getenv("GIT_SSL_CAINFO");
+	set_from_env(&ssl_cainfo, "GIT_SSL_CAINFO");
 
 	low_speed_limit = getenv("GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT");
 	if (low_speed_limit != NULL)
@@ -261,8 +369,6 @@ void http_init(struct remote *remote)
 	if (low_speed_time != NULL)
 		curl_low_speed_time = strtol(low_speed_time, NULL, 10);
 
-	git_config(http_options, NULL);
-
 	if (curl_ssl_verify == -1)
 		curl_ssl_verify = 1;
 
@@ -274,6 +380,14 @@ void http_init(struct remote *remote)
 	if (getenv("GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV"))
 		curl_ftp_no_epsv = 1;
 
+	if (remote && remote->url && remote->url[0]) {
+		http_auth_init(remote->url[0]);
+		if (!ssl_cert_password_required &&
+		    getenv("GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED") &&
+		    !prefixcmp(remote->url[0], "https://"))
+			ssl_cert_password_required = 1;
+	}
+
 #ifndef NO_CURL_EASY_DUPHANDLE
 	curl_default = get_curl_handle();
 #endif
@@ -308,10 +422,20 @@ void http_cleanup(void)
 	curl_slist_free_all(pragma_header);
 	pragma_header = NULL;
 
+	curl_slist_free_all(no_pragma_header);
+	no_pragma_header = NULL;
+
 	if (curl_http_proxy) {
-		free(curl_http_proxy);
+		free((void *)curl_http_proxy);
 		curl_http_proxy = NULL;
 	}
+
+	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL) {
+		memset(ssl_cert_password, 0, strlen(ssl_cert_password));
+		free(ssl_cert_password);
+		ssl_cert_password = NULL;
+	}
+	ssl_cert_password_required = 0;
 }
 
 struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
@@ -325,15 +449,14 @@ struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
 	/* Wait for a slot to open up if the queue is full */
 	while (active_requests >= max_requests) {
 		curl_multi_perform(curlm, &num_transfers);
-		if (num_transfers < active_requests) {
+		if (num_transfers < active_requests)
 			process_curl_messages();
-		}
 	}
 #endif
 
-	while (slot != NULL && slot->in_use) {
+	while (slot != NULL && slot->in_use)
 		slot = slot->next;
-	}
+
 	if (slot == NULL) {
 		newslot = xmalloc(sizeof(*newslot));
 		newslot->curl = NULL;
@@ -344,9 +467,8 @@ struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void)
 		if (slot == NULL) {
 			active_queue_head = newslot;
 		} else {
-			while (slot->next != NULL) {
+			while (slot->next != NULL)
 				slot = slot->next;
-			}
 			slot->next = newslot;
 		}
 		slot = newslot;
@@ -407,7 +529,7 @@ struct fill_chain {
 	struct fill_chain *next;
 };
 
-static struct fill_chain *fill_cfg = NULL;
+static struct fill_chain *fill_cfg;
 
 void add_fill_function(void *data, int (*fill)(void *))
 {
@@ -523,7 +645,7 @@ void release_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 #endif
 }
 
-static void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
+void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 {
 	closedown_active_slot(slot);
 	curl_easy_getinfo(slot->curl, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE, &slot->http_code);
@@ -538,9 +660,8 @@ static void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 	}
 
 	/* Run callback if appropriate */
-	if (slot->callback_func != NULL) {
+	if (slot->callback_func != NULL)
 		slot->callback_func(slot->callback_data);
-	}
 }
 
 void finish_all_active_slots(void)
@@ -556,6 +677,7 @@ void finish_all_active_slots(void)
 		}
 }
 
+/* Helpers for modifying and creating URLs */
 static inline int needs_quote(int ch)
 {
 	if (((ch >= 'A') && (ch <= 'Z'))
@@ -570,74 +692,603 @@ static inline int needs_quote(int ch)
 
 static inline int hex(int v)
 {
-	if (v < 10) return '0' + v;
-	else return 'A' + v - 10;
+	if (v < 10)
+		return '0' + v;
+	else
+		return 'A' + v - 10;
+}
+
+static void end_url_with_slash(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, url);
+	if (buf->len && buf->buf[buf->len - 1] != '/')
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, "/");
 }
 
 static char *quote_ref_url(const char *base, const char *ref)
 {
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *cp;
-	char *dp, *qref;
-	int len, baselen, ch;
+	int ch;
 
-	baselen = strlen(base);
-	len = baselen + 2; /* '/' after base and terminating NUL */
-	for (cp = ref; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++, len++)
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base);
+
+	for (cp = ref; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++)
 		if (needs_quote(ch))
-			len += 2; /* extra two hex plus replacement % */
-	qref = xmalloc(len);
-	memcpy(qref, base, baselen);
-	dp = qref + baselen;
-	*(dp++) = '/';
-	for (cp = ref; (ch = *cp) != 0; cp++) {
-		if (needs_quote(ch)) {
-			*dp++ = '%';
-			*dp++ = hex((ch >> 4) & 0xF);
-			*dp++ = hex(ch & 0xF);
-		}
+			strbuf_addf(&buf, "%%%02x", ch);
 		else
-			*dp++ = ch;
-	}
-	*dp = 0;
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, *cp);
 
-	return qref;
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
-int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref)
+void append_remote_object_url(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url,
+			      const char *hex,
+			      int only_two_digit_prefix)
+{
+	end_url_with_slash(buf, url);
+
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "objects/%.*s/", 2, hex);
+	if (!only_two_digit_prefix)
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s", hex+2);
+}
+
+char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
+			    int only_two_digit_prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, url, hex, only_two_digit_prefix);
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+/* http_request() targets */
+#define HTTP_REQUEST_STRBUF	0
+#define HTTP_REQUEST_FILE	1
+
+static int http_request(const char *url, void *result, int target, int options)
 {
-	char *url;
-	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
 	struct slot_results results;
+	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret;
 
-	url = quote_ref_url(base, ref->name);
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
+
+	if (result == NULL) {
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
+	} else {
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, result);
+
+		if (target == HTTP_REQUEST_FILE) {
+			long posn = ftell(result);
+			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
+					 fwrite);
+			if (posn > 0) {
+				strbuf_addf(&buf, "Range: bytes=%ld-", posn);
+				headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
+				strbuf_reset(&buf);
+			}
+			slot->local = result;
+		} else
+			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
+					 fwrite_buffer);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "Pragma:");
+	if (options & HTTP_NO_CACHE)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, " no-cache");
+
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
+
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
+
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
-			strbuf_rtrim(&buffer);
-			if (buffer.len == 40)
-				ret = get_sha1_hex(buffer.buf, ref->old_sha1);
-			else if (!prefixcmp(buffer.buf, "ref: ")) {
-				ref->symref = xstrdup(buffer.buf + 5);
-				ret = 0;
-			} else
-				ret = 1;
-		} else {
-			ret = error("Couldn't get %s for %s\n%s",
-				    url, ref->name, curl_errorstr);
-		}
+		if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK)
+			ret = HTTP_OK;
+		else if (missing_target(&results))
+			ret = HTTP_MISSING_TARGET;
+		else
+			ret = HTTP_ERROR;
 	} else {
-		ret = error("Unable to start request");
+		error("Unable to start HTTP request for %s", url);
+		ret = HTTP_START_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	slot->local = NULL;
+	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int http_get_strbuf(const char *url, struct strbuf *result, int options)
+{
+	return http_request(url, result, HTTP_REQUEST_STRBUF, options);
+}
+
+int http_get_file(const char *url, const char *filename, int options)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct strbuf tmpfile = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *result;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&tmpfile, "%s.temp", filename);
+	result = fopen(tmpfile.buf, "a");
+	if (! result) {
+		error("Unable to open local file %s", tmpfile.buf);
+		ret = HTTP_ERROR;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	ret = http_request(url, result, HTTP_REQUEST_FILE, options);
+	fclose(result);
+
+	if ((ret == HTTP_OK) && move_temp_to_file(tmpfile.buf, filename))
+		ret = HTTP_ERROR;
+cleanup:
+	strbuf_release(&tmpfile);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int http_error(const char *url, int ret)
+{
+	/* http_request has already handled HTTP_START_FAILED. */
+	if (ret != HTTP_START_FAILED)
+		error("%s while accessing %s\n", curl_errorstr, url);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref)
+{
+	char *url;
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = -1;
+
+	url = quote_ref_url(base, ref->name);
+	if (http_get_strbuf(url, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE) == HTTP_OK) {
+		strbuf_rtrim(&buffer);
+		if (buffer.len == 40)
+			ret = get_sha1_hex(buffer.buf, ref->old_sha1);
+		else if (!prefixcmp(buffer.buf, "ref: ")) {
+			ref->symref = xstrdup(buffer.buf + 5);
+			ret = 0;
+		}
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 	free(url);
 	return ret;
 }
+
+/* Helpers for fetching packs */
+static int fetch_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *base_url)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	char *hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	char *filename;
+	char *url = NULL;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (has_pack_index(sha1)) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	if (http_is_verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Getting index for pack %s\n", hex);
+
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "objects/pack/pack-%s.idx", hex);
+	url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	filename = sha1_pack_index_name(sha1);
+	if (http_get_file(url, filename, 0) != HTTP_OK)
+		ret = error("Unable to get pack index %s\n", url);
+
+cleanup:
+	free(hex);
+	free(url);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int fetch_and_setup_pack_index(struct packed_git **packs_head,
+	unsigned char *sha1, const char *base_url)
+{
+	struct packed_git *new_pack;
+
+	if (fetch_pack_index(sha1, base_url))
+		return -1;
+
+	new_pack = parse_pack_index(sha1);
+	if (!new_pack)
+		return -1; /* parse_pack_index() already issued error message */
+	new_pack->next = *packs_head;
+	*packs_head = new_pack;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int http_get_info_packs(const char *base_url, struct packed_git **packs_head)
+{
+	int ret = 0, i = 0;
+	char *url, *data;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "objects/info/packs");
+	url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	ret = http_get_strbuf(url, &buf, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
+	if (ret != HTTP_OK)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	data = buf.buf;
+	while (i < buf.len) {
+		switch (data[i]) {
+		case 'P':
+			i++;
+			if (i + 52 <= buf.len &&
+			    !prefixcmp(data + i, " pack-") &&
+			    !prefixcmp(data + i + 46, ".pack\n")) {
+				get_sha1_hex(data + i + 6, sha1);
+				fetch_and_setup_pack_index(packs_head, sha1,
+						      base_url);
+				i += 51;
+				break;
+			}
+		default:
+			while (i < buf.len && data[i] != '\n')
+				i++;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	free(url);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void release_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
+{
+	if (preq->packfile != NULL) {
+		fclose(preq->packfile);
+		preq->packfile = NULL;
+		preq->slot->local = NULL;
+	}
+	if (preq->range_header != NULL) {
+		curl_slist_free_all(preq->range_header);
+		preq->range_header = NULL;
+	}
+	preq->slot = NULL;
+	free(preq->url);
+}
+
+int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct packed_git **lst;
+
+	preq->target->pack_size = ftell(preq->packfile);
+
+	if (preq->packfile != NULL) {
+		fclose(preq->packfile);
+		preq->packfile = NULL;
+		preq->slot->local = NULL;
+	}
+
+	ret = move_temp_to_file(preq->tmpfile, preq->filename);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	lst = preq->lst;
+	while (*lst != preq->target)
+		lst = &((*lst)->next);
+	*lst = (*lst)->next;
+
+	if (verify_pack(preq->target))
+		return -1;
+	install_packed_git(preq->target);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct http_pack_request *new_http_pack_request(
+	struct packed_git *target, const char *base_url)
+{
+	char *filename;
+	long prev_posn = 0;
+	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct http_pack_request *preq;
+
+	preq = xmalloc(sizeof(*preq));
+	preq->target = target;
+	preq->range_header = NULL;
+
+	end_url_with_slash(&buf, base_url);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "objects/pack/pack-%s.pack",
+		sha1_to_hex(target->sha1));
+	preq->url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	filename = sha1_pack_name(target->sha1);
+	snprintf(preq->filename, sizeof(preq->filename), "%s", filename);
+	snprintf(preq->tmpfile, sizeof(preq->tmpfile), "%s.temp", filename);
+	preq->packfile = fopen(preq->tmpfile, "a");
+	if (!preq->packfile) {
+		error("Unable to open local file %s for pack",
+		      preq->tmpfile);
+		goto abort;
+	}
+
+	preq->slot = get_active_slot();
+	preq->slot->local = preq->packfile;
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, preq->packfile);
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, preq->url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,
+		no_pragma_header);
+
+	/*
+	 * If there is data present from a previous transfer attempt,
+	 * resume where it left off
+	 */
+	prev_posn = ftell(preq->packfile);
+	if (prev_posn>0) {
+		if (http_is_verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Resuming fetch of pack %s at byte %ld\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(target->sha1), prev_posn);
+		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
+		preq->range_header = curl_slist_append(NULL, range);
+		curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,
+			preq->range_header);
+	}
+
+	return preq;
+
+abort:
+	free(filename);
+	free(preq->url);
+	free(preq);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Helpers for fetching objects (loose) */
+static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
+			       void *data)
+{
+	unsigned char expn[4096];
+	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
+	int posn = 0;
+	struct http_object_request *freq =
+		(struct http_object_request *)data;
+	do {
+		ssize_t retval = xwrite(freq->localfile,
+					(char *) ptr + posn, size - posn);
+		if (retval < 0)
+			return posn;
+		posn += retval;
+	} while (posn < size);
+
+	freq->stream.avail_in = size;
+	freq->stream.next_in = ptr;
+	do {
+		freq->stream.next_out = expn;
+		freq->stream.avail_out = sizeof(expn);
+		freq->zret = git_inflate(&freq->stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&freq->c, expn,
+				sizeof(expn) - freq->stream.avail_out);
+	} while (freq->stream.avail_in && freq->zret == Z_OK);
+	data_received++;
+	return size;
+}
+
+struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(const char *base_url,
+	unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	char *filename;
+	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
+	int prevlocal;
+	unsigned char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
+	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
+	long prev_posn = 0;
+	char range[RANGE_HEADER_SIZE];
+	struct curl_slist *range_header = NULL;
+	struct http_object_request *freq;
+
+	freq = xmalloc(sizeof(*freq));
+	hashcpy(freq->sha1, sha1);
+	freq->localfile = -1;
+
+	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
+	snprintf(freq->filename, sizeof(freq->filename), "%s", filename);
+	snprintf(freq->tmpfile, sizeof(freq->tmpfile),
+		 "%s.temp", filename);
+
+	snprintf(prevfile, sizeof(prevfile), "%s.prev", filename);
+	unlink_or_warn(prevfile);
+	rename(freq->tmpfile, prevfile);
+	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+
+	if (freq->localfile != -1)
+		error("fd leakage in start: %d", freq->localfile);
+	freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile,
+			       O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
+	/*
+	 * This could have failed due to the "lazy directory creation";
+	 * try to mkdir the last path component.
+	 */
+	if (freq->localfile < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
+		char *dir = strrchr(freq->tmpfile, '/');
+		if (dir) {
+			*dir = 0;
+			mkdir(freq->tmpfile, 0777);
+			*dir = '/';
+		}
+		freq->localfile = open(freq->tmpfile,
+				       O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
+	}
+
+	if (freq->localfile < 0) {
+		error("Couldn't create temporary file %s for %s: %s",
+		      freq->tmpfile, freq->filename, strerror(errno));
+		goto abort;
+	}
+
+	memset(&freq->stream, 0, sizeof(freq->stream));
+
+	git_inflate_init(&freq->stream);
+
+	git_SHA1_Init(&freq->c);
+
+	freq->url = get_remote_object_url(base_url, hex, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
+	 * fetched.
+	 */
+	prevlocal = open(prevfile, O_RDONLY);
+	if (prevlocal != -1) {
+		do {
+			prev_read = xread(prevlocal, prev_buf, PREV_BUF_SIZE);
+			if (prev_read>0) {
+				if (fwrite_sha1_file(prev_buf,
+						     1,
+						     prev_read,
+						     freq) == prev_read) {
+					prev_posn += prev_read;
+				} else {
+					prev_read = -1;
+				}
+			}
+		} while (prev_read > 0);
+		close(prevlocal);
+	}
+	unlink_or_warn(prevfile);
+
+	/*
+	 * Reset inflate/SHA1 if there was an error reading the previous temp
+	 * file; also rewind to the beginning of the local file.
+	 */
+	if (prev_read == -1) {
+		memset(&freq->stream, 0, sizeof(freq->stream));
+		git_inflate_init(&freq->stream);
+		git_SHA1_Init(&freq->c);
+		if (prev_posn>0) {
+			prev_posn = 0;
+			lseek(freq->localfile, 0, SEEK_SET);
+			if (ftruncate(freq->localfile, 0) < 0) {
+				error("Couldn't truncate temporary file %s for %s: %s",
+					  freq->tmpfile, freq->filename, strerror(errno));
+				goto abort;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	freq->slot = get_active_slot();
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, freq);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_sha1_file);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, freq->errorstr);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, freq->url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, no_pragma_header);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have successfully processed data from a previous fetch
+	 * attempt, only fetch the data we don't already have.
+	 */
+	if (prev_posn>0) {
+		if (http_is_verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Resuming fetch of object %s at byte %ld\n",
+				hex, prev_posn);
+		sprintf(range, "Range: bytes=%ld-", prev_posn);
+		range_header = curl_slist_append(range_header, range);
+		curl_easy_setopt(freq->slot->curl,
+				 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, range_header);
+	}
+
+	return freq;
+
+abort:
+	free(filename);
+	free(freq->url);
+	free(freq);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void process_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	if (freq->slot == NULL)
+		return;
+	freq->curl_result = freq->slot->curl_result;
+	freq->http_code = freq->slot->http_code;
+	freq->slot = NULL;
+}
+
+int finish_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	close(freq->localfile);
+	freq->localfile = -1;
+
+	process_http_object_request(freq);
+
+	if (freq->http_code == 416) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: requested range invalid; we may already have all the data.\n");
+	} else if (freq->curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
+		if (stat(freq->tmpfile, &st) == 0)
+			if (st.st_size == 0)
+				unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	git_inflate_end(&freq->stream);
+	git_SHA1_Final(freq->real_sha1, &freq->c);
+	if (freq->zret != Z_STREAM_END) {
+		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (hashcmp(freq->sha1, freq->real_sha1)) {
+		unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	freq->rename =
+		move_temp_to_file(freq->tmpfile, freq->filename);
+
+	return freq->rename;
+}
+
+void abort_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	unlink_or_warn(freq->tmpfile);
+
+	release_http_object_request(freq);
+}
+
+void release_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq)
+{
+	if (freq->localfile != -1) {
+		close(freq->localfile);
+		freq->localfile = -1;
+	}
+	if (freq->url != NULL) {
+		free(freq->url);
+		freq->url = NULL;
+	}
+	if (freq->slot != NULL) {
+		freq->slot->callback_func = NULL;
+		freq->slot->callback_data = NULL;
+		release_active_slot(freq->slot);
+		freq->slot = NULL;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/http.h b/http.h
index 905b4629a..f828e1d80 100644
--- a/http.h
+++ b/http.h
@@ -37,6 +37,10 @@
 #define CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR CURLE_HTTP_NOT_FOUND
 #endif
 
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM < 0x070c03
+#define NO_CURL_IOCTL
+#endif
+
 struct slot_results
 {
 	CURLcode curl_result;
@@ -67,11 +71,15 @@ struct buffer
 extern size_t fread_buffer(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf);
 extern size_t fwrite_buffer(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf);
 extern size_t fwrite_null(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf);
+#ifndef NO_CURL_IOCTL
+extern curlioerr ioctl_buffer(CURL *handle, int cmd, void *clientp);
+#endif
 
 /* Slot lifecycle functions */
 extern struct active_request_slot *get_active_slot(void);
 extern int start_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
 extern void run_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
+extern void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
 extern void finish_all_active_slots(void);
 extern void release_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
 
@@ -86,6 +94,8 @@ extern void http_cleanup(void);
 
 extern int data_received;
 extern int active_requests;
+extern int http_is_verbose;
+extern size_t http_post_buffer;
 
 extern char curl_errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
 
@@ -102,6 +112,90 @@ static inline int missing__target(int code, int result)
 
 #define missing_target(a) missing__target((a)->http_code, (a)->curl_result)
 
+/* Helpers for modifying and creating URLs */
+extern void append_remote_object_url(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url,
+				     const char *hex,
+				     int only_two_digit_prefix);
+extern char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
+				   int only_two_digit_prefix);
+
+/* Options for http_request_*() */
+#define HTTP_NO_CACHE		1
+
+/* Return values for http_request_*() */
+#define HTTP_OK			0
+#define HTTP_MISSING_TARGET	1
+#define HTTP_ERROR		2
+#define HTTP_START_FAILED	3
+
+/*
+ * Requests an url and stores the result in a strbuf.
+ *
+ * If the result pointer is NULL, a HTTP HEAD request is made instead of GET.
+ */
+int http_get_strbuf(const char *url, struct strbuf *result, int options);
+
+/*
+ * Downloads an url and stores the result in the given file.
+ *
+ * If a previous interrupted download is detected (i.e. a previous temporary
+ * file is still around) the download is resumed.
+ */
+int http_get_file(const char *url, const char *filename, int options);
+
+/*
+ * Prints an error message using error() containing url and curl_errorstr,
+ * and returns ret.
+ */
+int http_error(const char *url, int ret);
+
 extern int http_fetch_ref(const char *base, struct ref *ref);
 
+/* Helpers for fetching packs */
+extern int http_get_info_packs(const char *base_url,
+	struct packed_git **packs_head);
+
+struct http_pack_request
+{
+	char *url;
+	struct packed_git *target;
+	struct packed_git **lst;
+	FILE *packfile;
+	char filename[PATH_MAX];
+	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+	struct curl_slist *range_header;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+};
+
+extern struct http_pack_request *new_http_pack_request(
+	struct packed_git *target, const char *base_url);
+extern int finish_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq);
+extern void release_http_pack_request(struct http_pack_request *preq);
+
+/* Helpers for fetching object */
+struct http_object_request
+{
+	char *url;
+	char filename[PATH_MAX];
+	char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+	int localfile;
+	CURLcode curl_result;
+	char errorstr[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
+	long http_code;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	z_stream stream;
+	int zret;
+	int rename;
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+};
+
+extern struct http_object_request *new_http_object_request(
+	const char *base_url, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern void process_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
+extern int finish_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
+extern void abort_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
+extern void release_http_object_request(struct http_object_request *freq);
+
 #endif /* HTTP_H */
diff --git a/ident.c b/ident.c
index 09cf0c95c..26409b2a1 100644
--- a/ident.c
+++ b/ident.c
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ static int crud(unsigned char c)
 		c == '<' ||
 		c == '>' ||
 		c == '"' ||
+		c == '\\' ||
 		c == '\'';
 }
 
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
 		if ((warn_on_no_name || error_on_no_name) &&
 		    name == git_default_name && env_hint) {
 			fprintf(stderr, env_hint, au_env, co_env);
-			env_hint = NULL; /* warn only once, for "git var -l" */
+			env_hint = NULL; /* warn only once */
 		}
 		if (error_on_no_name)
 			die("empty ident %s <%s> not allowed", name, email);
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index 3703dbd1a..ea769a960 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 #ifdef NO_OPENSSL
 typedef void *SSL;
 #endif
@@ -92,6 +94,9 @@ struct msg_data {
 	unsigned int crlf:1;
 };
 
+static const char imap_send_usage[] = "git imap-send < <mbox>";
+
+#undef DRV_OK
 #define DRV_OK          0
 #define DRV_MSG_BAD     -1
 #define DRV_BOX_BAD     -2
@@ -99,13 +104,16 @@ struct msg_data {
 
 static int Verbose, Quiet;
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void imap_info(const char *, ...);
+__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 static void imap_warn(const char *, ...);
 
 static char *next_arg(char **);
 
 static void free_generic_messages(struct message *);
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...);
 
 static int nfvasprintf(char **strp, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
@@ -115,16 +123,13 @@ static int nfvasprintf(char **strp, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 
 	len = vsnprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), fmt, ap);
 	if (len < 0)
-		die("Fatal: Out of memory\n");
+		die("Fatal: Out of memory");
 	if (len >= sizeof(tmp))
-		die("imap command overflow !\n");
+		die("imap command overflow!");
 	*strp = xmemdupz(tmp, len);
 	return len;
 }
 
-static void arc4_init(void);
-static unsigned char arc4_getbyte(void);
-
 struct imap_server_conf {
 	char *name;
 	char *tunnel;
@@ -134,6 +139,7 @@ struct imap_server_conf {
 	char *pass;
 	int use_ssl;
 	int ssl_verify;
+	int use_html;
 };
 
 struct imap_store_conf {
@@ -152,7 +158,7 @@ struct imap_list {
 };
 
 struct imap_socket {
-	int fd;
+	int fd[2];
 	SSL *ssl;
 };
 
@@ -236,7 +242,7 @@ static const char *Flags[] = {
 #ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 static void ssl_socket_perror(const char *func)
 {
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", func, ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), 0));
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", func, ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -271,7 +277,11 @@ static int ssl_socket_connect(struct imap_socket *sock, int use_tls_only, int ve
 	fprintf(stderr, "SSL requested but SSL support not compiled in\n");
 	return -1;
 #else
+#if (OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10000000L)
+	const SSL_METHOD *meth;
+#else
 	SSL_METHOD *meth;
+#endif
 	SSL_CTX *ctx;
 	int ret;
 
@@ -302,8 +312,12 @@ static int ssl_socket_connect(struct imap_socket *sock, int use_tls_only, int ve
 		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_new");
 		return -1;
 	}
-	if (!SSL_set_fd(sock->ssl, sock->fd)) {
-		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_set_fd");
+	if (!SSL_set_rfd(sock->ssl, sock->fd[0])) {
+		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_set_rfd");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!SSL_set_wfd(sock->ssl, sock->fd[1])) {
+		ssl_socket_perror("SSL_set_wfd");
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -325,11 +339,12 @@ static int socket_read(struct imap_socket *sock, char *buf, int len)
 		n = SSL_read(sock->ssl, buf, len);
 	else
 #endif
-		n = xread(sock->fd, buf, len);
+		n = xread(sock->fd[0], buf, len);
 	if (n <= 0) {
 		socket_perror("read", sock, n);
-		close(sock->fd);
-		sock->fd = -1;
+		close(sock->fd[0]);
+		close(sock->fd[1]);
+		sock->fd[0] = sock->fd[1] = -1;
 	}
 	return n;
 }
@@ -342,11 +357,12 @@ static int socket_write(struct imap_socket *sock, const char *buf, int len)
 		n = SSL_write(sock->ssl, buf, len);
 	else
 #endif
-		n = write_in_full(sock->fd, buf, len);
+		n = write_in_full(sock->fd[1], buf, len);
 	if (n != len) {
 		socket_perror("write", sock, n);
-		close(sock->fd);
-		sock->fd = -1;
+		close(sock->fd[0]);
+		close(sock->fd[1]);
+		sock->fd[0] = sock->fd[1] = -1;
 	}
 	return n;
 }
@@ -359,7 +375,8 @@ static void socket_shutdown(struct imap_socket *sock)
 		SSL_free(sock->ssl);
 	}
 #endif
-	close(sock->fd);
+	close(sock->fd[0]);
+	close(sock->fd[1]);
 }
 
 /* simple line buffering */
@@ -482,57 +499,11 @@ static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...)
 
 	va_start(va, fmt);
 	if (blen <= 0 || (unsigned)(ret = vsnprintf(buf, blen, fmt, va)) >= (unsigned)blen)
-		die("Fatal: buffer too small. Please report a bug.\n");
+		die("Fatal: buffer too small. Please report a bug.");
 	va_end(va);
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static struct {
-	unsigned char i, j, s[256];
-} rs;
-
-static void arc4_init(void)
-{
-	int i, fd;
-	unsigned char j, si, dat[128];
-
-	if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY)) < 0 && (fd = open("/dev/random", O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Fatal: no random number source available.\n");
-		exit(3);
-	}
-	if (read_in_full(fd, dat, 128) != 128) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Fatal: cannot read random number source.\n");
-		exit(3);
-	}
-	close(fd);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
-		rs.s[i] = i;
-	for (i = j = 0; i < 256; i++) {
-		si = rs.s[i];
-		j += si + dat[i & 127];
-		rs.s[i] = rs.s[j];
-		rs.s[j] = si;
-	}
-	rs.i = rs.j = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
-		arc4_getbyte();
-}
-
-static unsigned char arc4_getbyte(void)
-{
-	unsigned char si, sj;
-
-	rs.i++;
-	si = rs.s[rs.i];
-	rs.j += si;
-	sj = rs.s[rs.j];
-	rs.s[rs.i] = sj;
-	rs.s[rs.j] = si;
-	return rs.s[(si + sj) & 0xff];
-}
-
 static struct imap_cmd *v_issue_imap_cmd(struct imap_store *ctx,
 					 struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 					 const char *fmt, va_list ap)
@@ -577,7 +548,7 @@ static struct imap_cmd *v_issue_imap_cmd(struct imap_store *ctx,
 			n = socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, cmd->cb.data, cmd->cb.dlen);
 			free(cmd->cb.data);
 			if (n != cmd->cb.dlen ||
-			    (n = socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, "\r\n", 2)) != 2) {
+			    socket_write(&imap->buf.sock, "\r\n", 2) != 2) {
 				free(cmd->cmd);
 				free(cmd);
 				return NULL;
@@ -594,6 +565,7 @@ static struct imap_cmd *v_issue_imap_cmd(struct imap_store *ctx,
 	return cmd;
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static struct imap_cmd *issue_imap_cmd(struct imap_store *ctx,
 				       struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 				       const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -607,6 +579,7 @@ static struct imap_cmd *issue_imap_cmd(struct imap_store *ctx,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static int imap_exec(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 		     const char *fmt, ...)
 {
@@ -622,6 +595,7 @@ static int imap_exec(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 	return get_cmd_result(ctx, cmdp);
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static int imap_exec_m(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd_cb *cb,
 		       const char *fmt, ...)
 {
@@ -912,7 +886,7 @@ static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd)
 				if (!strcmp("NO", arg)) {
 					if (cmdp->cb.create && cmd && (cmdp->cb.trycreate || !memcmp(cmd, "[TRYCREATE]", 11))) { /* SELECT, APPEND or UID COPY */
 						p = strchr(cmdp->cmd, '"');
-						if (!issue_imap_cmd(ctx, NULL, "CREATE \"%.*s\"", strchr(p + 1, '"') - p + 1, p)) {
+						if (!issue_imap_cmd(ctx, NULL, "CREATE \"%.*s\"", (int)(strchr(p + 1, '"') - p + 1), p)) {
 							resp = RESP_BAD;
 							goto normal;
 						}
@@ -958,7 +932,7 @@ static void imap_close_server(struct imap_store *ictx)
 {
 	struct imap *imap = ictx->imap;
 
-	if (imap->buf.sock.fd != -1) {
+	if (imap->buf.sock.fd[0] != -1) {
 		imap_exec(ictx, NULL, "LOGOUT");
 		socket_shutdown(&imap->buf.sock);
 	}
@@ -980,45 +954,83 @@ static struct store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 	struct imap_store *ctx;
 	struct imap *imap;
 	char *arg, *rsp;
-	struct hostent *he;
-	struct sockaddr_in addr;
-	int s, a[2], preauth;
-	pid_t pid;
+	int s = -1, preauth;
 
 	ctx = xcalloc(sizeof(*ctx), 1);
 
 	ctx->imap = imap = xcalloc(sizeof(*imap), 1);
-	imap->buf.sock.fd = -1;
+	imap->buf.sock.fd[0] = imap->buf.sock.fd[1] = -1;
 	imap->in_progress_append = &imap->in_progress;
 
 	/* open connection to IMAP server */
 
 	if (srvc->tunnel) {
+		const char *argv[4];
+		struct child_process tunnel = {0};
+
 		imap_info("Starting tunnel '%s'... ", srvc->tunnel);
 
-		if (socketpair(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, a)) {
-			perror("socketpair");
-			exit(1);
-		}
+		argv[0] = "sh";
+		argv[1] = "-c";
+		argv[2] = srvc->tunnel;
+		argv[3] = NULL;
 
-		pid = fork();
-		if (pid < 0)
-			_exit(127);
-		if (!pid) {
-			if (dup2(a[0], 0) == -1 || dup2(a[0], 1) == -1)
-				_exit(127);
-			close(a[0]);
-			close(a[1]);
-			execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", srvc->tunnel, NULL);
-			_exit(127);
-		}
+		tunnel.argv = argv;
+		tunnel.in = -1;
+		tunnel.out = -1;
+		if (start_command(&tunnel))
+			die("cannot start proxy %s", argv[0]);
 
-		close(a[0]);
-
-		imap->buf.sock.fd = a[1];
+		imap->buf.sock.fd[0] = tunnel.out;
+		imap->buf.sock.fd[1] = tunnel.in;
 
 		imap_info("ok\n");
 	} else {
+#ifndef NO_IPV6
+		struct addrinfo hints, *ai0, *ai;
+		int gai;
+		char portstr[6];
+
+		snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%hu", srvc->port);
+
+		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
+		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+		hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
+
+		imap_info("Resolving %s... ", srvc->host);
+		gai = getaddrinfo(srvc->host, portstr, &hints, &ai);
+		if (gai) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror(gai));
+			goto bail;
+		}
+		imap_info("ok\n");
+
+		for (ai0 = ai; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
+			char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
+
+			s = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype,
+				   ai->ai_protocol);
+			if (s < 0)
+				continue;
+
+			getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, addr,
+				    sizeof(addr), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
+			imap_info("Connecting to [%s]:%s... ", addr, portstr);
+
+			if (connect(s, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
+				close(s);
+				s = -1;
+				perror("connect");
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			break;
+		}
+		freeaddrinfo(ai0);
+#else /* NO_IPV6 */
+		struct hostent *he;
+		struct sockaddr_in addr;
+
 		memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
 		addr.sin_port = htons(srvc->port);
 		addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
@@ -1038,11 +1050,17 @@ static struct store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 		imap_info("Connecting to %s:%hu... ", inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port));
 		if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr))) {
 			close(s);
+			s = -1;
 			perror("connect");
+		}
+#endif
+		if (s < 0) {
+			fputs("Error: unable to connect to server.\n", stderr);
 			goto bail;
 		}
 
-		imap->buf.sock.fd = s;
+		imap->buf.sock.fd[0] = s;
+		imap->buf.sock.fd[1] = dup(s);
 
 		if (srvc->use_ssl &&
 		    ssl_socket_connect(&imap->buf.sock, 0, srvc->ssl_verify)) {
@@ -1148,88 +1166,20 @@ static int imap_make_flags(int flags, char *buf)
 	return d;
 }
 
-#define TUIDL 8
-
-static int imap_store_msg(struct store *gctx, struct msg_data *data, int *uid)
+static int imap_store_msg(struct store *gctx, struct msg_data *data)
 {
 	struct imap_store *ctx = (struct imap_store *)gctx;
 	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	struct imap_cmd_cb cb;
-	char *fmap, *buf;
 	const char *prefix, *box;
-	int ret, i, j, d, len, extra, nocr;
-	int start, sbreak = 0, ebreak = 0;
-	char flagstr[128], tuid[TUIDL * 2 + 1];
+	int ret, d;
+	char flagstr[128];
 
 	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
 
-	fmap = data->data;
-	len = data->len;
-	nocr = !data->crlf;
-	extra = 0, i = 0;
-	if (!CAP(UIDPLUS) && uid) {
-	nloop:
-		start = i;
-		while (i < len)
-			if (fmap[i++] == '\n') {
-				extra += nocr;
-				if (i - 2 + nocr == start) {
-					sbreak = ebreak = i - 2 + nocr;
-					goto mktid;
-				}
-				if (!memcmp(fmap + start, "X-TUID: ", 8)) {
-					extra -= (ebreak = i) - (sbreak = start) + nocr;
-					goto mktid;
-				}
-				goto nloop;
-			}
-		/* invalid message */
-		free(fmap);
-		return DRV_MSG_BAD;
-	mktid:
-		for (j = 0; j < TUIDL; j++)
-			sprintf(tuid + j * 2, "%02x", arc4_getbyte());
-		extra += 8 + TUIDL * 2 + 2;
-	}
-	if (nocr)
-		for (; i < len; i++)
-			if (fmap[i] == '\n')
-				extra++;
-
-	cb.dlen = len + extra;
-	buf = cb.data = xmalloc(cb.dlen);
-	i = 0;
-	if (!CAP(UIDPLUS) && uid) {
-		if (nocr) {
-			for (; i < sbreak; i++)
-				if (fmap[i] == '\n') {
-					*buf++ = '\r';
-					*buf++ = '\n';
-				} else
-					*buf++ = fmap[i];
-		} else {
-			memcpy(buf, fmap, sbreak);
-			buf += sbreak;
-		}
-		memcpy(buf, "X-TUID: ", 8);
-		buf += 8;
-		memcpy(buf, tuid, TUIDL * 2);
-		buf += TUIDL * 2;
-		*buf++ = '\r';
-		*buf++ = '\n';
-		i = ebreak;
-	}
-	if (nocr) {
-		for (; i < len; i++)
-			if (fmap[i] == '\n') {
-				*buf++ = '\r';
-				*buf++ = '\n';
-			} else
-				*buf++ = fmap[i];
-	} else
-		memcpy(buf, fmap + i, len - i);
-
-	free(fmap);
+	cb.dlen = data->len;
+	cb.data = xmalloc(cb.dlen);
+	memcpy(cb.data, data->data, data->len);
 
 	d = 0;
 	if (data->flags) {
@@ -1238,30 +1188,65 @@ static int imap_store_msg(struct store *gctx, struct msg_data *data, int *uid)
 	}
 	flagstr[d] = 0;
 
-	if (!uid) {
-		box = gctx->conf->trash;
-		prefix = ctx->prefix;
-		cb.create = 1;
-		if (ctx->trashnc)
-			imap->caps = imap->rcaps & ~(1 << LITERALPLUS);
-	} else {
-		box = gctx->name;
-		prefix = !strcmp(box, "INBOX") ? "" : ctx->prefix;
-		cb.create = 0;
-	}
-	cb.ctx = uid;
+	box = gctx->name;
+	prefix = !strcmp(box, "INBOX") ? "" : ctx->prefix;
+	cb.create = 0;
 	ret = imap_exec_m(ctx, &cb, "APPEND \"%s%s\" %s", prefix, box, flagstr);
 	imap->caps = imap->rcaps;
 	if (ret != DRV_OK)
 		return ret;
-	if (!uid)
-		ctx->trashnc = 0;
-	else
-		gctx->count++;
+	gctx->count++;
 
 	return DRV_OK;
 }
 
+static void encode_html_chars(struct strbuf *p)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < p->len; i++) {
+		if (p->buf[i] == '&')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&amp;", 5);
+		if (p->buf[i] == '<')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&lt;", 4);
+		if (p->buf[i] == '>')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&gt;", 4);
+		if (p->buf[i] == '"')
+			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&quot;", 6);
+	}
+}
+static void wrap_in_html(struct msg_data *msg)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf **lines;
+	struct strbuf **p;
+	static char *content_type = "Content-Type: text/html;\n";
+	static char *pre_open = "<pre>\n";
+	static char *pre_close = "</pre>\n";
+	int added_header = 0;
+
+	strbuf_attach(&buf, msg->data, msg->len, msg->len);
+	lines = strbuf_split(&buf, '\n');
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (p = lines; *p; p++) {
+		if (! added_header) {
+			if ((*p)->len == 1 && *((*p)->buf) == '\n') {
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, content_type);
+				strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_open);
+				added_header = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+			encode_html_chars(*p);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
+	}
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_close);
+	strbuf_list_free(lines);
+	msg->len  = buf.len;
+	msg->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
 #define CHUNKSIZE 0x1000
 
 static int read_message(FILE *f, struct msg_data *msg)
@@ -1338,6 +1323,7 @@ static struct imap_server_conf server = {
 	NULL,	/* pass */
 	0,   	/* use_ssl */
 	1,   	/* ssl_verify */
+	0,   	/* use_html */
 };
 
 static char *imap_folder;
@@ -1349,11 +1335,16 @@ static int git_imap_config(const char *key, const char *val, void *cb)
 	if (strncmp(key, imap_key, sizeof imap_key - 1))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!val)
-		return config_error_nonbool(key);
-
 	key += sizeof imap_key - 1;
 
+	/* check booleans first, and barf on others */
+	if (!strcmp("sslverify", key))
+		server.ssl_verify = git_config_bool(key, val);
+	else if (!strcmp("preformattedhtml", key))
+		server.use_html = git_config_bool(key, val);
+	else if (!val)
+		return config_error_nonbool(key);
+
 	if (!strcmp("folder", key)) {
 		imap_folder = xstrdup(val);
 	} else if (!strcmp("host", key)) {
@@ -1374,8 +1365,6 @@ static int git_imap_config(const char *key, const char *val, void *cb)
 		server.port = git_config_int(key, val);
 	else if (!strcmp("tunnel", key))
 		server.tunnel = xstrdup(val);
-	else if (!strcmp("sslverify", key))
-		server.ssl_verify = git_config_bool(key, val);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1383,14 +1372,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	struct msg_data all_msgs, msg;
 	struct store *ctx = NULL;
-	int uid = 0;
 	int ofs = 0;
 	int r;
 	int total, n = 0;
 	int nongit_ok;
 
-	/* init the random number generator */
-	arc4_init();
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	if (argc != 1)
+		usage(imap_send_usage);
 
 	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
 	git_config(git_imap_config, NULL);
@@ -1436,7 +1426,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%d/%d) done\r", percent, n, total);
 		if (!split_msg(&all_msgs, &msg, &ofs))
 			break;
-		r = imap_store_msg(ctx, &msg, &uid);
+		if (server.use_html)
+			wrap_in_html(&msg);
+		r = imap_store_msg(ctx, &msg);
 		if (r != DRV_OK)
 			break;
 		n++;
diff --git a/index-pack.c b/index-pack.c
index 60ed41a99..190f372dd 100644
--- a/index-pack.c
+++ b/index-pack.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "fsck.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char index_pack_usage[] =
 "git index-pack [-v] [-o <index-file>] [{ ---keep | --keep=<msg> }] [--strict] { <pack-file> | --stdin [--fix-thin] [<pack-file>] }";
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ static void *fill(int min)
 		if (ret <= 0) {
 			if (!ret)
 				die("early EOF");
-			die("read error on input: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("read error on input");
 		}
 		input_len += ret;
 		if (from_stdin)
@@ -171,20 +172,18 @@ static char *open_pack_file(char *pack_name)
 		input_fd = 0;
 		if (!pack_name) {
 			static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-			snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-				 "%s/pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-			output_fd = xmkstemp(tmpfile);
+			output_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+						"pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
 			pack_name = xstrdup(tmpfile);
 		} else
 			output_fd = open(pack_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600);
 		if (output_fd < 0)
-			die("unable to create %s: %s\n", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("unable to create '%s'", pack_name);
 		pack_fd = output_fd;
 	} else {
 		input_fd = open(pack_name, O_RDONLY);
 		if (input_fd < 0)
-			die("cannot open packfile '%s': %s",
-			    pack_name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("cannot open packfile '%s'", pack_name);
 		output_fd = -1;
 		pack_fd = input_fd;
 	}
@@ -207,8 +206,8 @@ static void parse_pack_header(void)
 	use(sizeof(struct pack_header));
 }
 
-static void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format,
-		       ...) NORETURN __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+static NORETURN void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format,
+		       ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 
 static void bad_object(unsigned long offset, const char *format, ...)
 {
@@ -232,7 +231,7 @@ static void free_base_data(struct base_data *c)
 
 static void prune_base_data(struct base_data *retain)
 {
-	struct base_data *b = base_cache;
+	struct base_data *b;
 	for (b = base_cache;
 	     base_cache_used > delta_base_cache_limit && b;
 	     b = b->child) {
@@ -275,10 +274,10 @@ static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
 	stream.avail_out = size;
 	stream.next_in = fill(1);
 	stream.avail_in = input_len;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 
 	for (;;) {
-		int ret = inflate(&stream, 0);
+		int ret = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
 		use(input_len - stream.avail_in);
 		if (stream.total_out == size && ret == Z_STREAM_END)
 			break;
@@ -287,14 +286,14 @@ static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
 		stream.next_in = fill(1);
 		stream.avail_in = input_len;
 	}
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	return buf;
 }
 
 static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_base)
 {
-	unsigned char *p, c;
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned char *p;
+	unsigned long size, c;
 	off_t base_offset;
 	unsigned shift;
 	void *data;
@@ -312,7 +311,7 @@ static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_
 		p = fill(1);
 		c = *p;
 		use(1);
-		size += (c & 0x7fUL) << shift;
+		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
 		shift += 7;
 	}
 	obj->size = size;
@@ -370,7 +369,7 @@ static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
 	do {
 		ssize_t n = pread(pack_fd, data + rdy, len - rdy, from + rdy);
 		if (n < 0)
-			die("cannot pread pack file: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("cannot pread pack file");
 		if (!n)
 			die("premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing",
 			    len - rdy);
@@ -382,9 +381,9 @@ static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
 	stream.avail_out = obj->size;
 	stream.next_in = src;
 	stream.avail_in = len;
-	inflateInit(&stream);
-	while ((st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH)) == Z_OK);
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
+	while ((st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH)) == Z_OK);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	if (st != Z_STREAM_END || stream.total_out != obj->size)
 		die("serious inflate inconsistency");
 	free(src);
@@ -469,7 +468,7 @@ static void sha1_object(const void *data, unsigned long size,
 				die("invalid %s", typename(type));
 			if (fsck_object(obj, 1, fsck_error_function))
 				die("Error in object");
-			if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_link, 0))
+			if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_link, NULL))
 				die("Not all child objects of %s are reachable", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 
 			if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
@@ -631,7 +630,7 @@ static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 
 	/* If input_fd is a file, we should have reached its end now. */
 	if (fstat(input_fd, &st))
-		die("cannot fstat packfile: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot fstat packfile");
 	if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) &&
 			lseek(input_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) - input_len != st.st_size)
 		die("pack has junk at the end");
@@ -788,27 +787,29 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 		fsync_or_die(output_fd, curr_pack_name);
 		err = close(output_fd);
 		if (err)
-			die("error while closing pack file: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("error while closing pack file");
 	}
 
 	if (keep_msg) {
 		int keep_fd, keep_msg_len = strlen(keep_msg);
-		if (!keep_name) {
-			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
-				 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			keep_name = name;
-		}
-		keep_fd = open(keep_name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+
+		if (!keep_name)
+			keep_fd = odb_pack_keep(name, sizeof(name), sha1);
+		else
+			keep_fd = open(keep_name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+
 		if (keep_fd < 0) {
 			if (errno != EEXIST)
-				die("cannot write keep file");
+				die_errno("cannot write keep file '%s'",
+					  keep_name);
 		} else {
 			if (keep_msg_len > 0) {
 				write_or_die(keep_fd, keep_msg, keep_msg_len);
 				write_or_die(keep_fd, "\n", 1);
 			}
 			if (close(keep_fd) != 0)
-				die("cannot write keep file");
+				die_errno("cannot close written keep file '%s'",
+				    keep_name);
 			report = "keep";
 		}
 	}
@@ -821,8 +822,7 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 		}
 		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_pack_name, final_pack_name))
 			die("cannot store pack file");
-	}
-	if (from_stdin)
+	} else if (from_stdin)
 		chmod(final_pack_name, 0444);
 
 	if (final_index_name != curr_index_name) {
@@ -833,8 +833,8 @@ static void final(const char *final_pack_name, const char *curr_pack_name,
 		}
 		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_index_name, final_index_name))
 			die("cannot store index file");
-	}
-	chmod(final_index_name, 0444);
+	} else
+		chmod(final_index_name, 0444);
 
 	if (!from_stdin) {
 		printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
@@ -880,6 +880,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	struct pack_idx_entry **idx_objects;
 	unsigned char pack_sha1[20];
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(index_pack_usage);
+
 	/*
 	 * We wish to read the repository's config file if any, and
 	 * for that it is necessary to call setup_git_directory_gently().
diff --git a/levenshtein.c b/levenshtein.c
index a32f4cdc4..fc281597f 100644
--- a/levenshtein.c
+++ b/levenshtein.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  *
  * It does so by calculating the costs of the path ending in characters
  * i (in string1) and j (in string2), respectively, given that the last
- * operation is a substition, a swap, a deletion, or an insertion.
+ * operation is a substitution, a swap, a deletion, or an insertion.
  *
  * This implementation allows the costs to be weighted:
  *
diff --git a/list-objects.c b/list-objects.c
index c8b8375e4..8953548c0 100644
--- a/list-objects.c
+++ b/list-objects.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct blob *blob,
-			 struct object_array *p,
+			 show_object_fn show,
 			 struct name_path *path,
 			 const char *name)
 {
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
 	if (obj->flags & (UNINTERESTING | SEEN))
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	name = xstrdup(name);
-	add_object(obj, p, path, name);
+	show(obj, path, name);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ static void process_blob(struct rev_info *revs,
  */
 static void process_gitlink(struct rev_info *revs,
 			    const unsigned char *sha1,
-			    struct object_array *p,
+			    show_object_fn show,
 			    struct name_path *path,
 			    const char *name)
 {
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ static void process_gitlink(struct rev_info *revs,
 
 static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 			 struct tree *tree,
-			 struct object_array *p,
+			 show_object_fn show,
 			 struct name_path *path,
 			 const char *name)
 {
@@ -78,8 +77,7 @@ static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
-	name = xstrdup(name);
-	add_object(obj, p, path, name);
+	show(obj, path, name);
 	me.up = path;
 	me.elem = name;
 	me.elem_len = strlen(name);
@@ -90,14 +88,14 @@ static void process_tree(struct rev_info *revs,
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
 			process_tree(revs,
 				     lookup_tree(entry.sha1),
-				     p, &me, entry.path);
+				     show, &me, entry.path);
 		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
 			process_gitlink(revs, entry.sha1,
-					p, &me, entry.path);
+					show, &me, entry.path);
 		else
 			process_blob(revs,
 				     lookup_blob(entry.sha1),
-				     p, &me, entry.path);
+				     show, &me, entry.path);
 	}
 	free(tree->buffer);
 	tree->buffer = NULL;
@@ -136,17 +134,22 @@ void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct commit_list *list,
 	}
 }
 
+static void add_pending_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct tree *tree)
+{
+	add_pending_object(revs, &tree->object, "");
+}
+
 void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
-			  void (*show_commit)(struct commit *),
-			  void (*show_object)(struct object_array_entry *))
+			  show_commit_fn show_commit,
+			  show_object_fn show_object,
+			  void *data)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	struct object_array objects = { 0, 0, NULL };
 
 	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
-		process_tree(revs, commit->tree, &objects, NULL, "");
-		show_commit(commit);
+		add_pending_tree(revs, commit->tree);
+		show_commit(commit, data);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
 		struct object_array_entry *pending = revs->pending.objects + i;
@@ -156,25 +159,22 @@ void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
 			continue;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 			obj->flags |= SEEN;
-			add_object_array(obj, name, &objects);
+			show_object(obj, NULL, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
-			process_tree(revs, (struct tree *)obj, &objects,
+			process_tree(revs, (struct tree *)obj, show_object,
 				     NULL, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-			process_blob(revs, (struct blob *)obj, &objects,
+			process_blob(revs, (struct blob *)obj, show_object,
 				     NULL, name);
 			continue;
 		}
 		die("unknown pending object %s (%s)",
 		    sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < objects.nr; i++)
-		show_object(&objects.objects[i]);
-	free(objects.objects);
 	if (revs->pending.nr) {
 		free(revs->pending.objects);
 		revs->pending.nr = 0;
diff --git a/list-objects.h b/list-objects.h
index 0f41391ec..d65dbf03e 100644
--- a/list-objects.h
+++ b/list-objects.h
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef LIST_OBJECTS_H
 #define LIST_OBJECTS_H
 
-typedef void (*show_commit_fn)(struct commit *);
-typedef void (*show_object_fn)(struct object_array_entry *);
+typedef void (*show_commit_fn)(struct commit *, void *);
+typedef void (*show_object_fn)(struct object *, const struct name_path *, const char *);
 typedef void (*show_edge_fn)(struct commit *);
 
-void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs, show_commit_fn, show_object_fn);
+void traverse_commit_list(struct rev_info *, show_commit_fn, show_object_fn, void *);
 
 void mark_edges_uninteresting(struct commit_list *, struct rev_info *, show_edge_fn);
 
diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index fa2ca5250..2d6b6d6cb 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static int ll_binary_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 
 static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 			mmbuffer_t *result,
-			const char *path_unused,
+			const char *path,
 			mmfile_t *orig,
 			mmfile_t *src1, const char *name1,
 			mmfile_t *src2, const char *name2,
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 	if (buffer_is_binary(orig->ptr, orig->size) ||
 	    buffer_is_binary(src1->ptr, src1->size) ||
 	    buffer_is_binary(src2->ptr, src2->size)) {
-		warning("Cannot merge binary files: %s vs. %s\n",
-			name1, name2);
+		warning("Cannot merge binary files: %s (%s vs. %s)\n",
+			path, name1, name2);
 		return ll_binary_merge(drv_unused, result,
-				       path_unused,
+				       path,
 				       orig, src1, name1,
 				       src2, name2,
 				       virtual_ancestor);
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static void create_temp(mmfile_t *src, char *path)
 	strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
 	fd = xmkstemp(path);
 	if (write_in_full(fd, src->ptr, src->size) != src->size)
-		die("unable to write temp-file");
+		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
 	close(fd);
 }
 
@@ -175,8 +175,7 @@ static int ll_ext_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *fn,
 		{ "B", temp[2] },
 		{ NULL }
 	};
-	struct child_process child;
-	const char *args[20];
+	const char *args[] = { "sh", "-c", NULL, NULL };
 	int status, fd, i;
 	struct stat st;
 
@@ -191,18 +190,8 @@ static int ll_ext_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *fn,
 
 	strbuf_expand(&cmd, fn->cmdline, strbuf_expand_dict_cb, &dict);
 
-	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
-	child.argv = args;
-	args[0] = "sh";
-	args[1] = "-c";
 	args[2] = cmd.buf;
-	args[3] = NULL;
-
-	status = run_command(&child);
-	if (status < -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK)
-		; /* failure in run-command */
-	else
-		status = -status;
+	status = run_command_v_opt(args, 0);
 	fd = open(temp[1], O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		goto bad;
@@ -219,7 +208,7 @@ static int ll_ext_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *fn,
 	close(fd);
  bad:
 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-		unlink(temp[i]);
+		unlink_or_warn(temp[i]);
 	strbuf_release(&cmd);
 	return status;
 }
@@ -238,7 +227,7 @@ static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "merge.default")) {
 		if (value)
-			default_ll_merge = strdup(value);
+			default_ll_merge = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -272,7 +261,7 @@ static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 	if (!strcmp("name", ep)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
-		fn->description = strdup(value);
+		fn->description = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -295,14 +284,14 @@ static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		 * file named by %A, and signal that it has done with zero exit
 		 * status.
 		 */
-		fn->cmdline = strdup(value);
+		fn->cmdline = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp("recursive", ep)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
-		fn->recursive = strdup(value);
+		fn->recursive = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
diff --git a/lockfile.c b/lockfile.c
index 6d7560869..6851fa55a 100644
--- a/lockfile.c
+++ b/lockfile.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2005, Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static struct lock_file *lock_file_list;
 static const char *alternate_index_output;
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ static void remove_lock_file(void)
 		    lock_file_list->filename[0]) {
 			if (lock_file_list->fd >= 0)
 				close(lock_file_list->fd);
-			unlink(lock_file_list->filename);
+			unlink_or_warn(lock_file_list->filename);
 		}
 		lock_file_list = lock_file_list->next;
 	}
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ static void remove_lock_file(void)
 static void remove_lock_file_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_lock_file();
-	signal(signo, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ static char *resolve_symlink(char *p, size_t s)
 			 * link is a relative path, so I must replace the
 			 * last element of p with it.
 			 */
-			char *r = (char*)last_path_elm(p);
+			char *r = (char *)last_path_elm(p);
 			if (r - p + link_len < s)
 				strcpy(r, link);
 			else {
@@ -136,10 +137,7 @@ static int lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 	lk->fd = open(lk->filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 	if (0 <= lk->fd) {
 		if (!lock_file_list) {
-			signal(SIGINT, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			signal(SIGHUP, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			signal(SIGTERM, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			signal(SIGQUIT, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
+			sigchain_push_common(remove_lock_file_on_signal);
 			atexit(remove_lock_file);
 		}
 		lk->owner = getpid();
@@ -157,11 +155,39 @@ static int lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 	return lk->fd;
 }
 
+static char *unable_to_lock_message(const char *path, int err)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (err == EEXIST) {
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s.\n\n"
+		    "If no other git process is currently running, this probably means a\n"
+		    "git process crashed in this repository earlier. Make sure no other git\n"
+		    "process is running and remove the file manually to continue.",
+		    path, strerror(err));
+	} else
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "Unable to create '%s.lock': %s", path, strerror(err));
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
+int unable_to_lock_error(const char *path, int err)
+{
+	char *msg = unable_to_lock_message(path, err);
+	error("%s", msg);
+	free(msg);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+NORETURN void unable_to_lock_index_die(const char *path, int err)
+{
+	die("%s", unable_to_lock_message(path, err));
+}
+
 int hold_lock_file_for_update(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 {
 	int fd = lock_file(lk, path, flags);
 	if (fd < 0 && (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR))
-		die("unable to create '%s.lock': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		unable_to_lock_index_die(path, errno);
 	return fd;
 }
 
@@ -172,7 +198,7 @@ int hold_lock_file_for_append(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 	fd = lock_file(lk, path, flags);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		if (flags & LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR)
-			die("unable to create '%s.lock': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+			unable_to_lock_index_die(path, errno);
 		return fd;
 	}
 
@@ -247,7 +273,7 @@ void rollback_lock_file(struct lock_file *lk)
 	if (lk->filename[0]) {
 		if (lk->fd >= 0)
 			close(lk->fd);
-		unlink(lk->filename);
+		unlink_or_warn(lk->filename);
 	}
 	lk->filename[0] = 0;
 }
diff --git a/log-tree.c b/log-tree.c
index 194ddb13d..27afcf697 100644
--- a/log-tree.c
+++ b/log-tree.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 struct decoration name_decoration = { "object names" };
 
@@ -24,6 +25,8 @@ static int add_ref_decoration(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, in
 	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
 	if (!obj)
 		return 0;
+	if (!cb_data || *(int *)cb_data == DECORATE_SHORT_REFS)
+		refname = prettify_refname(refname);
 	add_name_decoration("", refname, obj);
 	while (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 		obj = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged;
@@ -34,12 +37,13 @@ static int add_ref_decoration(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, in
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void load_ref_decorations(void)
+void load_ref_decorations(int flags)
 {
 	static int loaded;
 	if (!loaded) {
 		loaded = 1;
-		for_each_ref(add_ref_decoration, NULL);
+		for_each_ref(add_ref_decoration, &flags);
+		head_ref(add_ref_decoration, &flags);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +52,7 @@ static void show_parents(struct commit *commit, int abbrev)
 	struct commit_list *p;
 	for (p = commit->parents; p ; p = p->next) {
 		struct commit *parent = p->item;
-		printf(" %s", diff_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1, abbrev));
+		printf(" %s", find_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1, abbrev));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -79,18 +83,18 @@ void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
  */
 static int detect_any_signoff(char *letter, int size)
 {
-	char ch, *cp;
+	char *cp;
 	int seen_colon = 0;
 	int seen_at = 0;
 	int seen_name = 0;
 	int seen_head = 0;
 
 	cp = letter + size;
-	while (letter <= --cp && (ch = *cp) == '\n')
+	while (letter <= --cp && *cp == '\n')
 		continue;
 
 	while (letter <= cp) {
-		ch = *cp--;
+		char ch = *cp--;
 		if (ch == '\n')
 			break;
 
@@ -166,25 +170,33 @@ static unsigned int digits_in_number(unsigned int number)
 	return result;
 }
 
-static int has_non_ascii(const char *s)
+void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, int nr, const char *suffix,
+			struct strbuf *buf)
 {
-	int ch;
-	if (!s)
-		return 0;
-	while ((ch = *s++) != '\0') {
-		if (non_ascii(ch))
-			return 1;
+	int suffix_len = strlen(suffix) + 1;
+	int start_len = buf->len;
+
+	strbuf_addf(buf, commit ? "%04d-" : "%d", nr);
+	if (commit) {
+		int max_len = start_len + FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len;
+		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+		ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+
+		format_commit_message(commit, "%f", buf, &ctx);
+		if (max_len < buf->len)
+			strbuf_setlen(buf, max_len);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, suffix);
 	}
-	return 0;
 }
 
-void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, const char *name,
+void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 			     const char **subject_p,
 			     const char **extra_headers_p,
 			     int *need_8bit_cte_p)
 {
 	const char *subject = NULL;
 	const char *extra_headers = opt->extra_headers;
+	const char *name = sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
 
 	*need_8bit_cte_p = 0; /* unknown */
 	if (opt->total > 0) {
@@ -211,14 +223,19 @@ void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, const char *name,
 		printf("Message-Id: <%s>\n", opt->message_id);
 		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 	}
-	if (opt->ref_message_id) {
-		printf("In-Reply-To: <%s>\nReferences: <%s>\n",
-		       opt->ref_message_id, opt->ref_message_id);
+	if (opt->ref_message_ids && opt->ref_message_ids->nr > 0) {
+		int i, n;
+		n = opt->ref_message_ids->nr;
+		printf("In-Reply-To: <%s>\n", opt->ref_message_ids->items[n-1].string);
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+			printf("%s<%s>\n", (i > 0 ? "\t" : "References: "),
+			       opt->ref_message_ids->items[i].string);
 		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
 	}
 	if (opt->mime_boundary) {
 		static char subject_buffer[1024];
 		static char buffer[1024];
+		struct strbuf filename =  STRBUF_INIT;
 		*need_8bit_cte_p = -1; /* NEVER */
 		snprintf(subject_buffer, sizeof(subject_buffer) - 1,
 			 "%s"
@@ -237,18 +254,21 @@ void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, const char *name,
 			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary);
 		extra_headers = subject_buffer;
 
+		get_patch_filename(opt->numbered_files ? NULL : commit, opt->nr,
+				    opt->patch_suffix, &filename);
 		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
 			 "\n--%s%s\n"
 			 "Content-Type: text/x-patch;"
-			 " name=\"%s.diff\"\n"
+			 " name=\"%s\"\n"
 			 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 			 "Content-Disposition: %s;"
-			 " filename=\"%s.diff\"\n\n",
+			 " filename=\"%s\"\n\n",
 			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary,
-			 name,
+			 filename.buf,
 			 opt->no_inline ? "attachment" : "inline",
-			 name);
+			 filename.buf);
 		opt->diffopt.stat_sep = buffer;
+		strbuf_release(&filename);
 	}
 	*subject_p = subject;
 	*extra_headers_p = extra_headers;
@@ -259,12 +279,12 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct log_info *log = opt->loginfo;
 	struct commit *commit = log->commit, *parent = log->parent;
-	int abbrev = opt->diffopt.abbrev;
 	int abbrev_commit = opt->abbrev_commit ? opt->abbrev : 40;
-	const char *subject = NULL, *extra_headers = opt->extra_headers;
-	int need_8bit_cte = 0;
+	const char *extra_headers = opt->extra_headers;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
 	opt->loginfo = NULL;
+	ctx.show_notes = opt->show_notes;
 	if (!opt->verbose_header) {
 		graph_show_commit(opt->graph);
 
@@ -280,7 +300,7 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 					putchar('>');
 			}
 		}
-		fputs(diff_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit), stdout);
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit), stdout);
 		if (opt->print_parents)
 			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit);
 		show_decorations(opt, commit);
@@ -293,7 +313,8 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If use_terminator is set, add a newline at the end of the entry.
+	 * If use_terminator is set, we already handled any record termination
+	 * at the end of the last record.
 	 * Otherwise, add a diffopt.line_termination character before all
 	 * entries but the first.  (IOW, as a separator between entries)
 	 */
@@ -328,9 +349,8 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	 */
 
 	if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
-		log_write_email_headers(opt, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1),
-					&subject, &extra_headers,
-					&need_8bit_cte);
+		log_write_email_headers(opt, commit, &ctx.subject, &extra_headers,
+					&ctx.need_8bit_cte);
 	} else if (opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) {
 		fputs(diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT), stdout);
 		if (opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
@@ -348,13 +368,13 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 					putchar('>');
 			}
 		}
-		fputs(diff_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit),
+		fputs(find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, abbrev_commit),
 		      stdout);
 		if (opt->print_parents)
 			show_parents(commit, abbrev_commit);
 		if (parent)
 			printf(" (from %s)",
-			       diff_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1,
+			       find_unique_abbrev(parent->object.sha1,
 						  abbrev_commit));
 		show_decorations(opt, commit);
 		printf("%s", diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
@@ -373,7 +393,9 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 			 */
 			show_reflog_message(opt->reflog_info,
 				    opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
-				    opt->date_mode);
+				    opt->date_mode_explicit ?
+					opt->date_mode :
+					DATE_NORMAL);
 			if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 				return;
 		}
@@ -385,11 +407,13 @@ void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 	/*
 	 * And then the pretty-printed message itself
 	 */
-	if (need_8bit_cte >= 0)
-		need_8bit_cte = has_non_ascii(opt->add_signoff);
-	pretty_print_commit(opt->commit_format, commit, &msgbuf,
-			    abbrev, subject, extra_headers, opt->date_mode,
-			    need_8bit_cte);
+	if (ctx.need_8bit_cte >= 0)
+		ctx.need_8bit_cte = has_non_ascii(opt->add_signoff);
+	ctx.date_mode = opt->date_mode;
+	ctx.abbrev = opt->diffopt.abbrev;
+	ctx.after_subject = extra_headers;
+	ctx.reflog_info = opt->reflog_info;
+	pretty_print_commit(opt->commit_format, commit, &msgbuf, &ctx);
 
 	if (opt->add_signoff)
 		append_signoff(&msgbuf, opt->add_signoff);
diff --git a/log-tree.h b/log-tree.h
index f2a90084a..3f7b40027 100644
--- a/log-tree.h
+++ b/log-tree.h
@@ -13,10 +13,14 @@ int log_tree_commit(struct rev_info *, struct commit *);
 int log_tree_opt_parse(struct rev_info *, const char **, int);
 void show_log(struct rev_info *opt);
 void show_decorations(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit);
-void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, const char *name,
+void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
 			     const char **subject_p,
 			     const char **extra_headers_p,
 			     int *need_8bit_cte_p);
-void load_ref_decorations(void);
+void load_ref_decorations(int flags);
+
+#define FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX 64
+void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, int nr, const char *suffix,
+			struct strbuf *buf);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/mailmap.c b/mailmap.c
index 88fc6f394..f167c005b 100644
--- a/mailmap.c
+++ b/mailmap.c
@@ -2,17 +2,141 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
 
-int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, const char *filename, char **repo_abbrev)
+#define DEBUG_MAILMAP 0
+#if DEBUG_MAILMAP
+#define debug_mm(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+static inline void debug_mm(const char *format, ...) {}
+#endif
+
+const char *git_mailmap_file;
+
+struct mailmap_info {
+	char *name;
+	char *email;
+};
+
+struct mailmap_entry {
+	/* name and email for the simple mail-only case */
+	char *name;
+	char *email;
+
+	/* name and email for the complex mail and name matching case */
+	struct string_list namemap;
+};
+
+static void free_mailmap_info(void *p, const char *s)
+{
+	struct mailmap_info *mi = (struct mailmap_info *)p;
+	debug_mm("mailmap: -- complex: '%s' -> '%s' <%s>\n", s, mi->name, mi->email);
+	free(mi->name);
+	free(mi->email);
+}
+
+static void free_mailmap_entry(void *p, const char *s)
+{
+	struct mailmap_entry *me = (struct mailmap_entry *)p;
+	debug_mm("mailmap: removing entries for <%s>, with %d sub-entries\n", s, me->namemap.nr);
+	debug_mm("mailmap: - simple: '%s' <%s>\n", me->name, me->email);
+	free(me->name);
+	free(me->email);
+
+	me->namemap.strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear_func(&me->namemap, free_mailmap_info);
+}
+
+static void add_mapping(struct string_list *map,
+			char *new_name, char *new_email, char *old_name, char *old_email)
+{
+	struct mailmap_entry *me;
+	int index;
+	char *p;
+
+	if (old_email)
+		for (p = old_email; *p; p++)
+			*p = tolower(*p);
+	if (new_email)
+		for (p = new_email; *p; p++)
+			*p = tolower(*p);
+
+	if (old_email == NULL) {
+		old_email = new_email;
+		new_email = NULL;
+	}
+
+	if ((index = string_list_find_insert_index(map, old_email, 1)) < 0) {
+		/* mailmap entry exists, invert index value */
+		index = -1 - index;
+	} else {
+		/* create mailmap entry */
+		struct string_list_item *item = string_list_insert_at_index(index, old_email, map);
+		item->util = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mailmap_entry));
+		memset(item->util, 0, sizeof(struct mailmap_entry));
+		((struct mailmap_entry *)item->util)->namemap.strdup_strings = 1;
+	}
+	me = (struct mailmap_entry *)map->items[index].util;
+
+	if (old_name == NULL) {
+		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (simple) entry for %s at index %d\n", old_email, index);
+		/* Replace current name and new email for simple entry */
+		free(me->name);
+		free(me->email);
+		if (new_name)
+			me->name = xstrdup(new_name);
+		if (new_email)
+			me->email = xstrdup(new_email);
+	} else {
+		struct mailmap_info *mi = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mailmap_info));
+		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (complex) entry for %s at index %d\n", old_email, index);
+		if (new_name)
+			mi->name = xstrdup(new_name);
+		if (new_email)
+			mi->email = xstrdup(new_email);
+		string_list_insert(old_name, &me->namemap)->util = mi;
+	}
+
+	debug_mm("mailmap:  '%s' <%s> -> '%s' <%s>\n",
+		 old_name, old_email, new_name, new_email);
+}
+
+static char *parse_name_and_email(char *buffer, char **name,
+		char **email, int allow_empty_email)
+{
+	char *left, *right, *nstart, *nend;
+	*name = *email = NULL;
+
+	if ((left = strchr(buffer, '<')) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	if ((right = strchr(left+1, '>')) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	if (!allow_empty_email && (left+1 == right))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* remove whitespace from beginning and end of name */
+	nstart = buffer;
+	while (isspace(*nstart) && nstart < left)
+		++nstart;
+	nend = left-1;
+	while (isspace(*nend) && nend > nstart)
+		--nend;
+
+	*name = (nstart < nend ? nstart : NULL);
+	*email = left+1;
+	*(nend+1) = '\0';
+	*right++ = '\0';
+
+	return (*right == '\0' ? NULL : right);
+}
+
+static int read_single_mailmap(struct string_list *map, const char *filename, char **repo_abbrev)
 {
 	char buffer[1024];
-	FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
+	FILE *f = (filename == NULL ? NULL : fopen(filename, "r"));
 
 	if (f == NULL)
 		return 1;
 	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL) {
-		char *end_of_name, *left_bracket, *right_bracket;
-		char *name, *email;
-		int i;
+		char *name1 = NULL, *email1 = NULL, *name2 = NULL, *email2 = NULL;
 		if (buffer[0] == '#') {
 			static const char abbrev[] = "# repo-abbrev:";
 			int abblen = sizeof(abbrev) - 1;
@@ -36,41 +160,49 @@ int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, const char *filename, char **repo_abbr
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
-		if ((left_bracket = strchr(buffer, '<')) == NULL)
-			continue;
-		if ((right_bracket = strchr(left_bracket + 1, '>')) == NULL)
-			continue;
-		if (right_bracket == left_bracket + 1)
-			continue;
-		for (end_of_name = left_bracket;
-		     end_of_name != buffer && isspace(end_of_name[-1]);
-		     end_of_name--)
-			; /* keep on looking */
-		if (end_of_name == buffer)
-			continue;
-		name = xmalloc(end_of_name - buffer + 1);
-		strlcpy(name, buffer, end_of_name - buffer + 1);
-		email = xmalloc(right_bracket - left_bracket);
-		for (i = 0; i < right_bracket - left_bracket - 1; i++)
-			email[i] = tolower(left_bracket[i + 1]);
-		email[right_bracket - left_bracket - 1] = '\0';
-		string_list_insert(email, map)->util = name;
+		if ((name2 = parse_name_and_email(buffer, &name1, &email1, 0)) != NULL)
+			parse_name_and_email(name2, &name2, &email2, 1);
+
+		if (email1)
+			add_mapping(map, name1, email1, name2, email2);
 	}
 	fclose(f);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int map_email(struct string_list *map, const char *email, char *name, int maxlen)
+int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	map->strdup_strings = 1;
+	/* each failure returns 1, so >1 means both calls failed */
+	return read_single_mailmap(map, ".mailmap", repo_abbrev) +
+	       read_single_mailmap(map, git_mailmap_file, repo_abbrev) > 1;
+}
+
+void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map)
+{
+	debug_mm("mailmap: clearing %d entries...\n", map->nr);
+	map->strdup_strings = 1;
+	string_list_clear_func(map, free_mailmap_entry);
+	debug_mm("mailmap: cleared\n");
+}
+
+int map_user(struct string_list *map,
+	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name)
 {
 	char *p;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
+	struct mailmap_entry *me;
 	char buf[1024], *mailbuf;
 	int i;
 
-	/* autocomplete common developers */
+	/* figure out space requirement for email */
 	p = strchr(email, '>');
-	if (!p)
-		return 0;
+	if (!p) {
+		/* email passed in might not be wrapped in <>, but end with a \0 */
+		p = memchr(email, '\0', maxlen_email);
+		if (!p)
+			return 0;
+	}
 	if (p - email + 1 < sizeof(buf))
 		mailbuf = buf;
 	else
@@ -80,13 +212,39 @@ int map_email(struct string_list *map, const char *email, char *name, int maxlen
 	for (i = 0; i < p - email; i++)
 		mailbuf[i] = tolower(email[i]);
 	mailbuf[i] = 0;
+
+	debug_mm("map_user: map '%s' <%s>\n", name, mailbuf);
 	item = string_list_lookup(mailbuf, map);
+	if (item != NULL) {
+		me = (struct mailmap_entry *)item->util;
+		if (me->namemap.nr) {
+			/* The item has multiple items, so we'll look up on name too */
+			/* If the name is not found, we choose the simple entry      */
+			struct string_list_item *subitem = string_list_lookup(name, &me->namemap);
+			if (subitem)
+				item = subitem;
+		}
+	}
 	if (mailbuf != buf)
 		free(mailbuf);
 	if (item != NULL) {
-		const char *realname = (const char *)item->util;
-		strlcpy(name, realname, maxlen);
+		struct mailmap_info *mi = (struct mailmap_info *)item->util;
+		if (mi->name == NULL && (mi->email == NULL || maxlen_email == 0)) {
+			debug_mm("map_user:  -- (no simple mapping)\n");
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (maxlen_email && mi->email)
+			strlcpy(email, mi->email, maxlen_email);
+		if (maxlen_name && mi->name)
+			strlcpy(name, mi->name, maxlen_name);
+		debug_mm("map_user:  to '%s' <%s>\n", name, mi->email ? mi->email : "");
 		return 1;
 	}
+	debug_mm("map_user:  --\n");
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int map_email(struct string_list *map, const char *email, char *name, int maxlen)
+{
+	return map_user(map, (char *)email, 0, name, maxlen);
+}
diff --git a/mailmap.h b/mailmap.h
index 6e48f83ce..4b2ca3a7d 100644
--- a/mailmap.h
+++ b/mailmap.h
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef MAILMAP_H
 #define MAILMAP_H
 
-int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, const char *filename, char **repo_abbrev);
+int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev);
+void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map);
+
 int map_email(struct string_list *mailmap, const char *email, char *name, int maxlen);
+int map_user(struct string_list *mailmap,
+	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/merge-index.c b/merge-index.c
index 7827e87a9..19ddd03e0 100644
--- a/merge-index.c
+++ b/merge-index.c
@@ -1,46 +1,22 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char *pgm;
-static const char *arguments[9];
 static int one_shot, quiet;
 static int err;
 
-static void run_program(void)
-{
-	struct child_process child;
-	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
-	child.argv = arguments;
-	if (run_command(&child)) {
-		if (one_shot) {
-			err++;
-		} else {
-			if (!quiet)
-				die("merge program failed");
-			exit(1);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 {
 	int found;
+	const char *arguments[] = { pgm, "", "", "", path, "", "", "", NULL };
+	char hexbuf[4][60];
+	char ownbuf[4][60];
 
 	if (pos >= active_nr)
 		die("git merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
-	arguments[0] = pgm;
-	arguments[1] = "";
-	arguments[2] = "";
-	arguments[3] = "";
-	arguments[4] = path;
-	arguments[5] = "";
-	arguments[6] = "";
-	arguments[7] = "";
-	arguments[8] = NULL;
 	found = 0;
 	do {
-		static char hexbuf[4][60];
-		static char ownbuf[4][60];
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
 		int stage = ce_stage(ce);
 
@@ -54,7 +30,16 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 	} while (++pos < active_nr);
 	if (!found)
 		die("git merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
-	run_program();
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(arguments, 0)) {
+		if (one_shot)
+			err++;
+		else {
+			if (!quiet)
+				die("merge program failed");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
 	return found;
 }
 
@@ -91,7 +76,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
 
 	if (argc < 3)
-		usage("git-merge-index [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] <filename>*)");
+		usage("git merge-index [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] <filename>*)");
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 	read_cache();
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index 0e988f2a0..22a31ed5f 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  * Fredrik Kuivinen.
  * The thieves were Alex Riesen and Johannes Schindelin, in June/July 2006
  */
+#include "advice.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ static struct tree *shift_tree_object(struct tree *one, struct tree *two)
  * A virtual commit has (const char *)commit->util set to the name.
  */
 
-struct commit *make_virtual_commit(struct tree *tree, const char *comment)
+static struct commit *make_virtual_commit(struct tree *tree, const char *comment)
 {
 	struct commit *commit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct commit));
 	commit->tree = tree;
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ static void flush_output(struct merge_options *o)
 	}
 }
 
+__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static void output(struct merge_options *o, int v, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	int len;
@@ -181,6 +183,7 @@ static int git_merge_trees(int index_only,
 	opts.fn = threeway_merge;
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	opts.msgs = get_porcelain_error_msgs();
 
 	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+0, common);
 	init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+1, head);
@@ -197,13 +200,14 @@ struct tree *write_tree_from_memory(struct merge_options *o)
 
 	if (unmerged_cache()) {
 		int i;
-		output(o, 0, "There are unmerged index entries:");
+		fprintf(stderr, "BUG: There are unmerged index entries:\n");
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 			if (ce_stage(ce))
-				output(o, 0, "%d %.*s", ce_stage(ce), ce_namelen(ce), ce->name);
+				fprintf(stderr, "BUG: %d %.*s", ce_stage(ce),
+					(int)ce_namelen(ce), ce->name);
 		}
-		return NULL;
+		die("Bug in merge-recursive.c");
 	}
 
 	if (!active_cache_tree)
@@ -237,7 +241,7 @@ static int save_files_dirs(const unsigned char *sha1,
 		string_list_insert(newpath, &o->current_file_set);
 	free(newpath);
 
-	return READ_TREE_RECURSIVE;
+	return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
 }
 
 static int get_files_dirs(struct merge_options *o, struct tree *tree)
@@ -438,7 +442,7 @@ static void flush_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 			/* Ignore epipe */
 			if (errno == EPIPE)
 				break;
-			die("merge-recursive: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("merge-recursive");
 		} else if (!ret) {
 			die("merge-recursive: disk full?");
 		}
@@ -447,6 +451,30 @@ static void flush_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
 	}
 }
 
+static int would_lose_untracked(const char *path)
+{
+	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+
+	if (pos < 0)
+		pos = -1 - pos;
+	while (pos < active_nr &&
+	       !strcmp(path, active_cache[pos]->name)) {
+		/*
+		 * If stage #0, it is definitely tracked.
+		 * If it has stage #2 then it was tracked
+		 * before this merge started.  All other
+		 * cases the path was not tracked.
+		 */
+		switch (ce_stage(active_cache[pos])) {
+		case 0:
+		case 2:
+			return 0;
+		}
+		pos++;
+	}
+	return file_exists(path);
+}
+
 static int make_room_for_path(const char *path)
 {
 	int status;
@@ -462,6 +490,14 @@ static int make_room_for_path(const char *path)
 		die(msg, path, "");
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Do not unlink a file in the work tree if we are not
+	 * tracking it.
+	 */
+	if (would_lose_untracked(path))
+		return error("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'",
+			     path);
+
 	/* Successful unlink is good.. */
 	if (!unlink(path))
 		return 0;
@@ -488,8 +524,12 @@ static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
 		unsigned long size;
 
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(mode))
-			die("cannot read object %s '%s': It is a submodule!",
-			    sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
+			/*
+			 * We may later decide to recursively descend into
+			 * the submodule directory and update its index
+			 * and/or work tree, but we do not do that now.
+			 */
+			goto update_index;
 
 		buf = read_sha1_file(sha, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
@@ -518,14 +558,15 @@ static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
 				mode = 0666;
 			fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, mode);
 			if (fd < 0)
-				die("failed to open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("failed to open '%s'", path);
 			flush_buffer(fd, buf, size);
 			close(fd);
 		} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 			char *lnk = xmemdupz(buf, size);
 			safe_create_leading_directories_const(path);
 			unlink(path);
-			symlink(lnk, path);
+			if (symlink(lnk, path))
+				die_errno("failed to symlink '%s'", path);
 			free(lnk);
 		} else
 			die("do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'",
@@ -585,8 +626,13 @@ static int merge_3way(struct merge_options *o,
 	char *name1, *name2;
 	int merge_status;
 
-	name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch1, a->path));
-	name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch2, b->path));
+	if (strcmp(a->path, b->path)) {
+		name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch1, a->path));
+		name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch2, b->path));
+	} else {
+		name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s", branch1));
+		name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s", branch2));
+	}
 
 	fill_mm(one->sha1, &orig);
 	fill_mm(a->sha1, &src1);
@@ -768,22 +814,19 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < a_renames->nr || j < b_renames->nr;) {
-		int compare;
 		char *src;
-		struct string_list *renames1, *renames2, *renames2Dst;
+		struct string_list *renames1, *renames2Dst;
 		struct rename *ren1 = NULL, *ren2 = NULL;
 		const char *branch1, *branch2;
 		const char *ren1_src, *ren1_dst;
 
 		if (i >= a_renames->nr) {
-			compare = 1;
 			ren2 = b_renames->items[j++].util;
 		} else if (j >= b_renames->nr) {
-			compare = -1;
 			ren1 = a_renames->items[i++].util;
 		} else {
-			compare = strcmp(a_renames->items[i].string,
-					b_renames->items[j].string);
+			int compare = strcmp(a_renames->items[i].string,
+					     b_renames->items[j].string);
 			if (compare <= 0)
 				ren1 = a_renames->items[i++].util;
 			if (compare >= 0)
@@ -793,14 +836,12 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 		/* TODO: refactor, so that 1/2 are not needed */
 		if (ren1) {
 			renames1 = a_renames;
-			renames2 = b_renames;
 			renames2Dst = &b_by_dst;
 			branch1 = o->branch1;
 			branch2 = o->branch2;
 		} else {
 			struct rename *tmp;
 			renames1 = b_renames;
-			renames2 = a_renames;
 			renames2Dst = &a_by_dst;
 			branch1 = o->branch2;
 			branch2 = o->branch1;
@@ -901,6 +942,12 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       branch2);
 				update_file(o, 0, ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode, ren1_dst);
+				if (!o->call_depth)
+					update_stages(ren1_dst, NULL,
+							branch1 == o->branch1 ?
+							ren1->pair->two : NULL,
+							branch1 == o->branch1 ?
+							NULL : ren1->pair->two, 1);
 			} else if (!sha_eq(dst_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
 				const char *new_path;
 				clean_merge = 0;
@@ -909,9 +956,31 @@ static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 				       "%s added in %s",
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       ren1_dst, branch2);
-				new_path = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch2);
-				output(o, 1, "Adding as %s instead", new_path);
-				update_file(o, 0, dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode, new_path);
+				if (o->call_depth) {
+					struct merge_file_info mfi;
+					struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
+
+					one.path = a.path = b.path =
+						(char *)ren1_dst;
+					hashcpy(one.sha1, null_sha1);
+					one.mode = 0;
+					hashcpy(a.sha1, ren1->pair->two->sha1);
+					a.mode = ren1->pair->two->mode;
+					hashcpy(b.sha1, dst_other.sha1);
+					b.mode = dst_other.mode;
+					mfi = merge_file(o, &one, &a, &b,
+							 branch1,
+							 branch2);
+					output(o, 1, "Adding merged %s", ren1_dst);
+					update_file(o, 0,
+						    mfi.sha,
+						    mfi.mode,
+						    ren1_dst);
+				} else {
+					new_path = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch2);
+					output(o, 1, "Adding as %s instead", new_path);
+					update_file(o, 0, dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode, new_path);
+				}
 			} else if ((item = string_list_lookup(ren1_dst, renames2Dst))) {
 				ren2 = item->util;
 				clean_merge = 0;
@@ -1083,21 +1152,13 @@ static int process_entry(struct merge_options *o,
 				 o->branch1, o->branch2);
 
 		clean_merge = mfi.clean;
-		if (mfi.clean)
-			update_file(o, 1, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
-		else if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
-			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (submodule): Merge conflict in %s "
-			       "- needs %s", path, sha1_to_hex(b.sha1));
-		else {
+		if (!mfi.clean) {
+			if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
+				reason = "submodule";
 			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s",
 					reason, path);
-
-			if (o->call_depth)
-				update_file(o, 0, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
-			else
-				update_file_flags(o, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path,
-					      0 /* update_cache */, 1 /* update_working_directory */);
 		}
+		update_file(o, mfi.clean, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, path);
 	} else if (!o_sha && !a_sha && !b_sha) {
 		/*
 		 * this entry was deleted altogether. a_mode == 0 means
@@ -1110,6 +1171,28 @@ static int process_entry(struct merge_options *o,
 	return clean_merge;
 }
 
+struct unpack_trees_error_msgs get_porcelain_error_msgs(void)
+{
+	struct unpack_trees_error_msgs msgs = {
+		/* would_overwrite */
+		"Your local changes to '%s' would be overwritten by merge.  Aborting.",
+		/* not_uptodate_file */
+		"Your local changes to '%s' would be overwritten by merge.  Aborting.",
+		/* not_uptodate_dir */
+		"Updating '%s' would lose untracked files in it.  Aborting.",
+		/* would_lose_untracked */
+		"Untracked working tree file '%s' would be %s by merge.  Aborting",
+		/* bind_overlap -- will not happen here */
+		NULL,
+	};
+	if (advice_commit_before_merge) {
+		msgs.would_overwrite = msgs.not_uptodate_file =
+			"Your local changes to '%s' would be overwritten by merge.  Aborting.\n"
+			"Please, commit your changes or stash them before you can merge.";
+	}
+	return msgs;
+}
+
 int merge_trees(struct merge_options *o,
 		struct tree *head,
 		struct tree *merge,
@@ -1131,10 +1214,14 @@ int merge_trees(struct merge_options *o,
 
 	code = git_merge_trees(o->call_depth, common, head, merge);
 
-	if (code != 0)
-		die("merging of trees %s and %s failed",
-		    sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1),
-		    sha1_to_hex(merge->object.sha1));
+	if (code != 0) {
+		if (show(o, 4) || o->call_depth)
+			die("merging of trees %s and %s failed",
+			    sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1),
+			    sha1_to_hex(merge->object.sha1));
+		else
+			exit(128);
+	}
 
 	if (unmerged_cache()) {
 		struct string_list *entries, *re_head, *re_merge;
diff --git a/merge-recursive.h b/merge-recursive.h
index fd138ca14..d8bc7299e 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.h
+++ b/merge-recursive.h
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ struct merge_options {
 	struct string_list current_directory_set;
 };
 
+/* Return a list of user-friendly error messages to be used by merge */
+struct unpack_trees_error_msgs get_porcelain_error_msgs(void);
+
 /* merge_trees() but with recursive ancestor consolidation */
 int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 		    struct commit *h1,
diff --git a/merge-tree.c b/merge-tree.c
index 2d1413efb..f01e7c81a 100644
--- a/merge-tree.c
+++ b/merge-tree.c
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
-static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git-merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
+static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
 static int resolve_directories = 1;
 
 struct merge_list {
@@ -344,6 +345,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (argc != 4)
 		usage(merge_tree_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	buf1 = get_tree_descriptor(t+0, argv[1]);
diff --git a/mktag.c b/mktag.c
index ba3d495e0..a3b4270c1 100644
--- a/mktag.c
+++ b/mktag.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 /*
  * A signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines
@@ -18,16 +19,17 @@
 /*
  * We refuse to tag something we can't verify. Just because.
  */
-static int verify_object(unsigned char *sha1, const char *expected_type)
+static int verify_object(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *expected_type)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
 	enum object_type type;
 	unsigned long size;
-	void *buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	const unsigned char *repl;
+	void *buffer = read_sha1_file_repl(sha1, &type, &size, &repl);
 
 	if (buffer) {
 		if (type == type_from_string(expected_type))
-			ret = check_sha1_signature(sha1, buffer, size, expected_type);
+			ret = check_sha1_signature(repl, buffer, size, expected_type);
 		free(buffer);
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -157,12 +159,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	unsigned char result_sha1[20];
 
 	if (argc != 1)
-		usage("git-mktag < signaturefile");
+		usage("git mktag < signaturefile");
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 4096) < 0) {
-		die("could not read from stdin");
+		die_errno("could not read from stdin");
 	}
 
 	/* Verify it for some basic sanity: it needs to start with
diff --git a/mktree.c b/mktree.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 514fd9b15..000000000
--- a/mktree.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * GIT - the stupid content tracker
- *
- * Copyright (c) Junio C Hamano, 2006
- */
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "quote.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-
-static struct treeent {
-	unsigned mode;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int len;
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
-} **entries;
-static int alloc, used;
-
-static void append_to_tree(unsigned mode, unsigned char *sha1, char *path)
-{
-	struct treeent *ent;
-	int len = strlen(path);
-	if (strchr(path, '/'))
-		die("path %s contains slash", path);
-
-	if (alloc <= used) {
-		alloc = alloc_nr(used);
-		entries = xrealloc(entries, sizeof(*entries) * alloc);
-	}
-	ent = entries[used++] = xmalloc(sizeof(**entries) + len + 1);
-	ent->mode = mode;
-	ent->len = len;
-	hashcpy(ent->sha1, sha1);
-	memcpy(ent->name, path, len+1);
-}
-
-static int ent_compare(const void *a_, const void *b_)
-{
-	struct treeent *a = *(struct treeent **)a_;
-	struct treeent *b = *(struct treeent **)b_;
-	return base_name_compare(a->name, a->len, a->mode,
-				 b->name, b->len, b->mode);
-}
-
-static void write_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf;
-	size_t size;
-	int i;
-
-	qsort(entries, used, sizeof(*entries), ent_compare);
-	for (size = i = 0; i < used; i++)
-		size += 32 + entries[i]->len;
-
-	strbuf_init(&buf, size);
-	for (i = 0; i < used; i++) {
-		struct treeent *ent = entries[i];
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%o %s%c", ent->mode, ent->name, '\0');
-		strbuf_add(&buf, ent->sha1, 20);
-	}
-
-	write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tree_type, sha1);
-}
-
-static const char mktree_usage[] = "git-mktree [-z]";
-
-int main(int ac, char **av)
-{
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf p_uq = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int line_termination = '\n';
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-
-	while ((1 < ac) && av[1][0] == '-') {
-		char *arg = av[1];
-		if (!strcmp("-z", arg))
-			line_termination = 0;
-		else
-			usage(mktree_usage);
-		ac--;
-		av++;
-	}
-
-	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
-		char *ptr, *ntr;
-		unsigned mode;
-		enum object_type type;
-		char *path;
-
-		ptr = sb.buf;
-		/* Input is non-recursive ls-tree output format
-		 * mode SP type SP sha1 TAB name
-		 */
-		mode = strtoul(ptr, &ntr, 8);
-		if (ptr == ntr || !ntr || *ntr != ' ')
-			die("input format error: %s", sb.buf);
-		ptr = ntr + 1; /* type */
-		ntr = strchr(ptr, ' ');
-		if (!ntr || sb.buf + sb.len <= ntr + 40 ||
-		    ntr[41] != '\t' ||
-		    get_sha1_hex(ntr + 1, sha1))
-			die("input format error: %s", sb.buf);
-		type = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
-		if (type < 0)
-			die("object %s unavailable", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		*ntr++ = 0; /* now at the beginning of SHA1 */
-		if (type != type_from_string(ptr))
-			die("object type %s mismatch (%s)", ptr, typename(type));
-
-		path = ntr + 41;  /* at the beginning of name */
-		if (line_termination && path[0] == '"') {
-			strbuf_reset(&p_uq);
-			if (unquote_c_style(&p_uq, path, NULL)) {
-				die("invalid quoting");
-			}
-			path = p_uq.buf;
-		}
-
-		append_to_tree(mode, sha1, path);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&p_uq);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-
-	write_tree(sha1);
-	puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	exit(0);
-}
diff --git a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.c b/mozilla-sha1/sha1.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 95a4ebf49..000000000
--- a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public
- * License Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file
- * except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
- * the License at http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- *
- * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS
- * IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or
- * implied. See the License for the specific language governing
- * rights and limitations under the License.
- *
- * The Original Code is SHA 180-1 Reference Implementation (Compact version)
- *
- * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Paul Kocher of
- * Cryptography Research.  Portions created by Paul Kocher are
- * Copyright (C) 1995-9 by Cryptography Research, Inc.  All
- * Rights Reserved.
- *
- * Contributor(s):
- *
- *     Paul Kocher
- *
- * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the
- * terms of the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the
- * "GPL"), in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable
- * instead of those above.  If you wish to allow use of your
- * version of this file only under the terms of the GPL and not to
- * allow others to use your version of this file under the MPL,
- * indicate your decision by deleting the provisions above and
- * replace them with the notice and other provisions required by
- * the GPL.  If you do not delete the provisions above, a recipient
- * may use your version of this file under either the MPL or the
- * GPL.
- */
-
-#include "sha1.h"
-
-static void shaHashBlock(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx);
-
-void moz_SHA1_Init(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx) {
-  int i;
-
-  ctx->lenW = 0;
-  ctx->sizeHi = ctx->sizeLo = 0;
-
-  /* Initialize H with the magic constants (see FIPS180 for constants)
-   */
-  ctx->H[0] = 0x67452301;
-  ctx->H[1] = 0xefcdab89;
-  ctx->H[2] = 0x98badcfe;
-  ctx->H[3] = 0x10325476;
-  ctx->H[4] = 0xc3d2e1f0;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < 80; i++)
-    ctx->W[i] = 0;
-}
-
-
-void moz_SHA1_Update(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *_dataIn, int len) {
-  const unsigned char *dataIn = _dataIn;
-  int i;
-
-  /* Read the data into W and process blocks as they get full
-   */
-  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-    ctx->W[ctx->lenW / 4] <<= 8;
-    ctx->W[ctx->lenW / 4] |= (unsigned int)dataIn[i];
-    if ((++ctx->lenW) % 64 == 0) {
-      shaHashBlock(ctx);
-      ctx->lenW = 0;
-    }
-    ctx->sizeLo += 8;
-    ctx->sizeHi += (ctx->sizeLo < 8);
-  }
-}
-
-
-void moz_SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], moz_SHA_CTX *ctx) {
-  unsigned char pad0x80 = 0x80;
-  unsigned char pad0x00 = 0x00;
-  unsigned char padlen[8];
-  int i;
-
-  /* Pad with a binary 1 (e.g. 0x80), then zeroes, then length
-   */
-  padlen[0] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeHi >> 24) & 255);
-  padlen[1] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeHi >> 16) & 255);
-  padlen[2] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeHi >> 8) & 255);
-  padlen[3] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeHi >> 0) & 255);
-  padlen[4] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeLo >> 24) & 255);
-  padlen[5] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeLo >> 16) & 255);
-  padlen[6] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeLo >> 8) & 255);
-  padlen[7] = (unsigned char)((ctx->sizeLo >> 0) & 255);
-  moz_SHA1_Update(ctx, &pad0x80, 1);
-  while (ctx->lenW != 56)
-    moz_SHA1_Update(ctx, &pad0x00, 1);
-  moz_SHA1_Update(ctx, padlen, 8);
-
-  /* Output hash
-   */
-  for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-    hashout[i] = (unsigned char)(ctx->H[i / 4] >> 24);
-    ctx->H[i / 4] <<= 8;
-  }
-
-  /*
-   *  Re-initialize the context (also zeroizes contents)
-   */
-  moz_SHA1_Init(ctx);
-}
-
-
-#define SHA_ROT(X,n) (((X) << (n)) | ((X) >> (32-(n))))
-
-static void shaHashBlock(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx) {
-  int t;
-  unsigned int A,B,C,D,E,TEMP;
-
-  for (t = 16; t <= 79; t++)
-    ctx->W[t] =
-      SHA_ROT(ctx->W[t-3] ^ ctx->W[t-8] ^ ctx->W[t-14] ^ ctx->W[t-16], 1);
-
-  A = ctx->H[0];
-  B = ctx->H[1];
-  C = ctx->H[2];
-  D = ctx->H[3];
-  E = ctx->H[4];
-
-  for (t = 0; t <= 19; t++) {
-    TEMP = SHA_ROT(A,5) + (((C^D)&B)^D)     + E + ctx->W[t] + 0x5a827999;
-    E = D; D = C; C = SHA_ROT(B, 30); B = A; A = TEMP;
-  }
-  for (t = 20; t <= 39; t++) {
-    TEMP = SHA_ROT(A,5) + (B^C^D)           + E + ctx->W[t] + 0x6ed9eba1;
-    E = D; D = C; C = SHA_ROT(B, 30); B = A; A = TEMP;
-  }
-  for (t = 40; t <= 59; t++) {
-    TEMP = SHA_ROT(A,5) + ((B&C)|(D&(B|C))) + E + ctx->W[t] + 0x8f1bbcdc;
-    E = D; D = C; C = SHA_ROT(B, 30); B = A; A = TEMP;
-  }
-  for (t = 60; t <= 79; t++) {
-    TEMP = SHA_ROT(A,5) + (B^C^D)           + E + ctx->W[t] + 0xca62c1d6;
-    E = D; D = C; C = SHA_ROT(B, 30); B = A; A = TEMP;
-  }
-
-  ctx->H[0] += A;
-  ctx->H[1] += B;
-  ctx->H[2] += C;
-  ctx->H[3] += D;
-  ctx->H[4] += E;
-}
diff --git a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.h b/mozilla-sha1/sha1.h
deleted file mode 100644
index aa48a46cf..000000000
--- a/mozilla-sha1/sha1.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public
- * License Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file
- * except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
- * the License at http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- *
- * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS
- * IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or
- * implied. See the License for the specific language governing
- * rights and limitations under the License.
- *
- * The Original Code is SHA 180-1 Header File
- *
- * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Paul Kocher of
- * Cryptography Research.  Portions created by Paul Kocher are
- * Copyright (C) 1995-9 by Cryptography Research, Inc.  All
- * Rights Reserved.
- *
- * Contributor(s):
- *
- *     Paul Kocher
- *
- * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the
- * terms of the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the
- * "GPL"), in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable
- * instead of those above.  If you wish to allow use of your
- * version of this file only under the terms of the GPL and not to
- * allow others to use your version of this file under the MPL,
- * indicate your decision by deleting the provisions above and
- * replace them with the notice and other provisions required by
- * the GPL.  If you do not delete the provisions above, a recipient
- * may use your version of this file under either the MPL or the
- * GPL.
- */
-
-typedef struct {
-  unsigned int H[5];
-  unsigned int W[80];
-  int lenW;
-  unsigned int sizeHi,sizeLo;
-} moz_SHA_CTX;
-
-void moz_SHA1_Init(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx);
-void moz_SHA1_Update(moz_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *dataIn, int len);
-void moz_SHA1_Final(unsigned char hashout[20], moz_SHA_CTX *ctx);
-
-#define git_SHA_CTX	moz_SHA_CTX
-#define git_SHA1_Init	moz_SHA1_Init
-#define git_SHA1_Update	moz_SHA1_Update
-#define git_SHA1_Final	moz_SHA1_Final
diff --git a/notes.c b/notes.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..023adce98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/notes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "notes.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+
+/*
+ * Use a non-balancing simple 16-tree structure with struct int_node as
+ * internal nodes, and struct leaf_node as leaf nodes. Each int_node has a
+ * 16-array of pointers to its children.
+ * The bottom 2 bits of each pointer is used to identify the pointer type
+ * - ptr & 3 == 0 - NULL pointer, assert(ptr == NULL)
+ * - ptr & 3 == 1 - pointer to next internal node - cast to struct int_node *
+ * - ptr & 3 == 2 - pointer to note entry - cast to struct leaf_node *
+ * - ptr & 3 == 3 - pointer to subtree entry - cast to struct leaf_node *
+ *
+ * The root node is a statically allocated struct int_node.
+ */
+struct int_node {
+	void *a[16];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Leaf nodes come in two variants, note entries and subtree entries,
+ * distinguished by the LSb of the leaf node pointer (see above).
+ * As a note entry, the key is the SHA1 of the referenced commit, and the
+ * value is the SHA1 of the note object.
+ * As a subtree entry, the key is the prefix SHA1 (w/trailing NULs) of the
+ * referenced commit, using the last byte of the key to store the length of
+ * the prefix. The value is the SHA1 of the tree object containing the notes
+ * subtree.
+ */
+struct leaf_node {
+	unsigned char key_sha1[20];
+	unsigned char val_sha1[20];
+};
+
+#define PTR_TYPE_NULL     0
+#define PTR_TYPE_INTERNAL 1
+#define PTR_TYPE_NOTE     2
+#define PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE  3
+
+#define GET_PTR_TYPE(ptr)       ((uintptr_t) (ptr) & 3)
+#define CLR_PTR_TYPE(ptr)       ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (ptr) & ~3))
+#define SET_PTR_TYPE(ptr, type) ((void *) ((uintptr_t) (ptr) | (type)))
+
+#define GET_NIBBLE(n, sha1) (((sha1[n >> 1]) >> ((~n & 0x01) << 2)) & 0x0f)
+
+#define SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, subtree_sha1) \
+	(memcmp(key_sha1, subtree_sha1, subtree_sha1[19]))
+
+static struct int_node root_node;
+
+static int initialized;
+
+static void load_subtree(struct leaf_node *subtree, struct int_node *node,
+		unsigned int n);
+
+/*
+ * Search the tree until the appropriate location for the given key is found:
+ * 1. Start at the root node, with n = 0
+ * 2. If a[0] at the current level is a matching subtree entry, unpack that
+ *    subtree entry and remove it; restart search at the current level.
+ * 3. Use the nth nibble of the key as an index into a:
+ *    - If a[n] is an int_node, recurse from #2 into that node and increment n
+ *    - If a matching subtree entry, unpack that subtree entry (and remove it);
+ *      restart search at the current level.
+ *    - Otherwise, we have found one of the following:
+ *      - a subtree entry which does not match the key
+ *      - a note entry which may or may not match the key
+ *      - an unused leaf node (NULL)
+ *      In any case, set *tree and *n, and return pointer to the tree location.
+ */
+static void **note_tree_search(struct int_node **tree,
+		unsigned char *n, const unsigned char *key_sha1)
+{
+	struct leaf_node *l;
+	unsigned char i;
+	void *p = (*tree)->a[0];
+
+	if (GET_PTR_TYPE(p) == PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE) {
+		l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(p);
+		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
+			/* unpack tree and resume search */
+			(*tree)->a[0] = NULL;
+			load_subtree(l, *tree, *n);
+			free(l);
+			return note_tree_search(tree, n, key_sha1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	i = GET_NIBBLE(*n, key_sha1);
+	p = (*tree)->a[i];
+	switch(GET_PTR_TYPE(p)) {
+	case PTR_TYPE_INTERNAL:
+		*tree = CLR_PTR_TYPE(p);
+		(*n)++;
+		return note_tree_search(tree, n, key_sha1);
+	case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
+		l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(p);
+		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
+			/* unpack tree and resume search */
+			(*tree)->a[i] = NULL;
+			load_subtree(l, *tree, *n);
+			free(l);
+			return note_tree_search(tree, n, key_sha1);
+		}
+		/* fall through */
+	default:
+		return &((*tree)->a[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * To find a leaf_node:
+ * Search to the tree location appropriate for the given key:
+ * If a note entry with matching key, return the note entry, else return NULL.
+ */
+static struct leaf_node *note_tree_find(struct int_node *tree, unsigned char n,
+		const unsigned char *key_sha1)
+{
+	void **p = note_tree_search(&tree, &n, key_sha1);
+	if (GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_NOTE) {
+		struct leaf_node *l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(*p);
+		if (!hashcmp(key_sha1, l->key_sha1))
+			return l;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Create a new blob object by concatenating the two given blob objects */
+static int concatenate_notes(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
+		const unsigned char *new_sha1)
+{
+	char *cur_msg, *new_msg, *buf;
+	unsigned long cur_len, new_len, buf_len;
+	enum object_type cur_type, new_type;
+	int ret;
+
+	/* read in both note blob objects */
+	new_msg = read_sha1_file(new_sha1, &new_type, &new_len);
+	if (!new_msg || !new_len || new_type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(new_msg);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	cur_msg = read_sha1_file(cur_sha1, &cur_type, &cur_len);
+	if (!cur_msg || !cur_len || cur_type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(cur_msg);
+		free(new_msg);
+		hashcpy(cur_sha1, new_sha1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* we will separate the notes by a newline anyway */
+	if (cur_msg[cur_len - 1] == '\n')
+		cur_len--;
+
+	/* concatenate cur_msg and new_msg into buf */
+	buf_len = cur_len + 1 + new_len;
+	buf = (char *) xmalloc(buf_len);
+	memcpy(buf, cur_msg, cur_len);
+	buf[cur_len] = '\n';
+	memcpy(buf + cur_len + 1, new_msg, new_len);
+
+	free(cur_msg);
+	free(new_msg);
+
+	/* create a new blob object from buf */
+	ret = write_sha1_file(buf, buf_len, "blob", cur_sha1);
+	free(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * To insert a leaf_node:
+ * Search to the tree location appropriate for the given leaf_node's key:
+ * - If location is unused (NULL), store the tweaked pointer directly there
+ * - If location holds a note entry that matches the note-to-be-inserted, then
+ *   concatenate the two notes.
+ * - If location holds a note entry that matches the subtree-to-be-inserted,
+ *   then unpack the subtree-to-be-inserted into the location.
+ * - If location holds a matching subtree entry, unpack the subtree at that
+ *   location, and restart the insert operation from that level.
+ * - Else, create a new int_node, holding both the node-at-location and the
+ *   node-to-be-inserted, and store the new int_node into the location.
+ */
+static void note_tree_insert(struct int_node *tree, unsigned char n,
+		struct leaf_node *entry, unsigned char type)
+{
+	struct int_node *new_node;
+	struct leaf_node *l;
+	void **p = note_tree_search(&tree, &n, entry->key_sha1);
+
+	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(entry) == 0); /* no type bits set */
+	l = (struct leaf_node *) CLR_PTR_TYPE(*p);
+	switch(GET_PTR_TYPE(*p)) {
+	case PTR_TYPE_NULL:
+		assert(!*p);
+		*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(entry, type);
+		return;
+	case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
+		switch (type) {
+		case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
+			if (!hashcmp(l->key_sha1, entry->key_sha1)) {
+				/* skip concatenation if l == entry */
+				if (!hashcmp(l->val_sha1, entry->val_sha1))
+					return;
+
+				if (concatenate_notes(l->val_sha1,
+						entry->val_sha1))
+					die("failed to concatenate note %s "
+					    "into note %s for commit %s",
+					    sha1_to_hex(entry->val_sha1),
+					    sha1_to_hex(l->val_sha1),
+					    sha1_to_hex(l->key_sha1));
+				free(entry);
+				return;
+			}
+			break;
+		case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
+			if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(l->key_sha1,
+						    entry->key_sha1)) {
+				/* unpack 'entry' */
+				load_subtree(entry, tree, n);
+				free(entry);
+				return;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
+		if (!SUBTREE_SHA1_PREFIXCMP(entry->key_sha1, l->key_sha1)) {
+			/* unpack 'l' and restart insert */
+			*p = NULL;
+			load_subtree(l, tree, n);
+			free(l);
+			note_tree_insert(tree, n, entry, type);
+			return;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/* non-matching leaf_node */
+	assert(GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_NOTE ||
+	       GET_PTR_TYPE(*p) == PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE);
+	new_node = (struct int_node *) xcalloc(sizeof(struct int_node), 1);
+	note_tree_insert(new_node, n + 1, l, GET_PTR_TYPE(*p));
+	*p = SET_PTR_TYPE(new_node, PTR_TYPE_INTERNAL);
+	note_tree_insert(new_node, n + 1, entry, type);
+}
+
+/* Free the entire notes data contained in the given tree */
+static void note_tree_free(struct int_node *tree)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		void *p = tree->a[i];
+		switch(GET_PTR_TYPE(p)) {
+		case PTR_TYPE_INTERNAL:
+			note_tree_free(CLR_PTR_TYPE(p));
+			/* fall through */
+		case PTR_TYPE_NOTE:
+		case PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE:
+			free(CLR_PTR_TYPE(p));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert a partial SHA1 hex string to the corresponding partial SHA1 value.
+ * - hex      - Partial SHA1 segment in ASCII hex format
+ * - hex_len  - Length of above segment. Must be multiple of 2 between 0 and 40
+ * - sha1     - Partial SHA1 value is written here
+ * - sha1_len - Max #bytes to store in sha1, Must be >= hex_len / 2, and < 20
+ * Returns -1 on error (invalid arguments or invalid SHA1 (not in hex format).
+ * Otherwise, returns number of bytes written to sha1 (i.e. hex_len / 2).
+ * Pads sha1 with NULs up to sha1_len (not included in returned length).
+ */
+static int get_sha1_hex_segment(const char *hex, unsigned int hex_len,
+		unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int sha1_len)
+{
+	unsigned int i, len = hex_len >> 1;
+	if (hex_len % 2 != 0 || len > sha1_len)
+		return -1;
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		unsigned int val = (hexval(hex[0]) << 4) | hexval(hex[1]);
+		if (val & ~0xff)
+			return -1;
+		*sha1++ = val;
+		hex += 2;
+	}
+	for (; i < sha1_len; i++)
+		*sha1++ = 0;
+	return len;
+}
+
+static void load_subtree(struct leaf_node *subtree, struct int_node *node,
+		unsigned int n)
+{
+	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	unsigned int prefix_len;
+	void *buf;
+	struct tree_desc desc;
+	struct name_entry entry;
+
+	buf = fill_tree_descriptor(&desc, subtree->val_sha1);
+	if (!buf)
+		die("Could not read %s for notes-index",
+		     sha1_to_hex(subtree->val_sha1));
+
+	prefix_len = subtree->key_sha1[19];
+	assert(prefix_len * 2 >= n);
+	memcpy(commit_sha1, subtree->key_sha1, prefix_len);
+	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
+		int len = get_sha1_hex_segment(entry.path, strlen(entry.path),
+				commit_sha1 + prefix_len, 20 - prefix_len);
+		if (len < 0)
+			continue; /* entry.path is not a SHA1 sum. Skip */
+		len += prefix_len;
+
+		/*
+		 * If commit SHA1 is complete (len == 20), assume note object
+		 * If commit SHA1 is incomplete (len < 20), assume note subtree
+		 */
+		if (len <= 20) {
+			unsigned char type = PTR_TYPE_NOTE;
+			struct leaf_node *l = (struct leaf_node *)
+				xcalloc(sizeof(struct leaf_node), 1);
+			hashcpy(l->key_sha1, commit_sha1);
+			hashcpy(l->val_sha1, entry.sha1);
+			if (len < 20) {
+				if (!S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
+					continue; /* entry cannot be subtree */
+				l->key_sha1[19] = (unsigned char) len;
+				type = PTR_TYPE_SUBTREE;
+			}
+			note_tree_insert(node, n, l, type);
+		}
+	}
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static void initialize_notes(const char *notes_ref_name)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20], commit_sha1[20];
+	unsigned mode;
+	struct leaf_node root_tree;
+
+	if (!notes_ref_name || read_ref(notes_ref_name, commit_sha1) ||
+	    get_tree_entry(commit_sha1, "", sha1, &mode))
+		return;
+
+	hashclr(root_tree.key_sha1);
+	hashcpy(root_tree.val_sha1, sha1);
+	load_subtree(&root_tree, &root_node, 0);
+}
+
+static unsigned char *lookup_notes(const unsigned char *commit_sha1)
+{
+	struct leaf_node *found = note_tree_find(&root_node, 0, commit_sha1);
+	if (found)
+		return found->val_sha1;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void free_notes(void)
+{
+	note_tree_free(&root_node);
+	memset(&root_node, 0, sizeof(struct int_node));
+	initialized = 0;
+}
+
+void get_commit_notes(const struct commit *commit, struct strbuf *sb,
+		const char *output_encoding, int flags)
+{
+	static const char utf8[] = "utf-8";
+	unsigned char *sha1;
+	char *msg, *msg_p;
+	unsigned long linelen, msglen;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	if (!initialized) {
+		const char *env = getenv(GIT_NOTES_REF_ENVIRONMENT);
+		if (env)
+			notes_ref_name = getenv(GIT_NOTES_REF_ENVIRONMENT);
+		else if (!notes_ref_name)
+			notes_ref_name = GIT_NOTES_DEFAULT_REF;
+		initialize_notes(notes_ref_name);
+		initialized = 1;
+	}
+
+	sha1 = lookup_notes(commit->object.sha1);
+	if (!sha1)
+		return;
+
+	if (!(msg = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &msglen)) || !msglen ||
+			type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(msg);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (output_encoding && *output_encoding &&
+			strcmp(utf8, output_encoding)) {
+		char *reencoded = reencode_string(msg, output_encoding, utf8);
+		if (reencoded) {
+			free(msg);
+			msg = reencoded;
+			msglen = strlen(msg);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* we will end the annotation by a newline anyway */
+	if (msglen && msg[msglen - 1] == '\n')
+		msglen--;
+
+	if (flags & NOTES_SHOW_HEADER)
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, "\nNotes:\n");
+
+	for (msg_p = msg; msg_p < msg + msglen; msg_p += linelen + 1) {
+		linelen = strchrnul(msg_p, '\n') - msg_p;
+
+		if (flags & NOTES_INDENT)
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, "    ");
+		strbuf_add(sb, msg_p, linelen);
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	}
+
+	free(msg);
+}
diff --git a/notes.h b/notes.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1421e351
--- /dev/null
+++ b/notes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef NOTES_H
+#define NOTES_H
+
+/* Free (and de-initialize) the internal notes tree structure */
+void free_notes(void);
+
+#define NOTES_SHOW_HEADER 1
+#define NOTES_INDENT 2
+
+void get_commit_notes(const struct commit *commit, struct strbuf *sb,
+		const char *output_encoding, int flags);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/object.c b/object.c
index 50b652800..fe8eaaf19 100644
--- a/object.c
+++ b/object.c
@@ -45,13 +45,14 @@ int type_from_string(const char *str)
 
 static unsigned int hash_obj(struct object *obj, unsigned int n)
 {
-	unsigned int hash = *(unsigned int *)obj->sha1;
+	unsigned int hash;
+	memcpy(&hash, obj->sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
 	return hash % n;
 }
 
 static void insert_obj_hash(struct object *obj, struct object **hash, unsigned int size)
 {
-	int j = hash_obj(obj, size);
+	unsigned int j = hash_obj(obj, size);
 
 	while (hash[j]) {
 		j++;
@@ -61,16 +62,16 @@ static void insert_obj_hash(struct object *obj, struct object **hash, unsigned i
 	hash[j] = obj;
 }
 
-static int hashtable_index(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static unsigned int hashtable_index(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
 	memcpy(&i, sha1, sizeof(unsigned int));
-	return (int)(i % obj_hash_size);
+	return i % obj_hash_size;
 }
 
 struct object *lookup_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int i;
+	unsigned int i;
 	struct object *obj;
 
 	if (!obj_hash)
@@ -187,17 +188,18 @@ struct object *parse_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
 	int eaten;
-	void *buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	const unsigned char *repl;
+	void *buffer = read_sha1_file_repl(sha1, &type, &size, &repl);
 
 	if (buffer) {
 		struct object *obj;
-		if (check_sha1_signature(sha1, buffer, size, typename(type)) < 0) {
+		if (check_sha1_signature(repl, buffer, size, typename(type)) < 0) {
 			free(buffer);
-			error("sha1 mismatch %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			error("sha1 mismatch %s\n", sha1_to_hex(repl));
 			return NULL;
 		}
 
-		obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buffer, &eaten);
+		obj = parse_object_buffer(repl, type, size, buffer, &eaten);
 		if (!eaten)
 			free(buffer);
 		return obj;
@@ -268,3 +270,22 @@ void add_object_array_with_mode(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct obj
 	objects[nr].mode = mode;
 	array->nr = ++nr;
 }
+
+void object_array_remove_duplicates(struct object_array *array)
+{
+	int ref, src, dst;
+	struct object_array_entry *objects = array->objects;
+
+	for (ref = 0; ref < array->nr - 1; ref++) {
+		for (src = ref + 1, dst = src;
+		     src < array->nr;
+		     src++) {
+			if (!strcmp(objects[ref].name, objects[src].name))
+				continue;
+			if (src != dst)
+				objects[dst] = objects[src];
+			dst++;
+		}
+		array->nr = dst;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/object.h b/object.h
index d962ff11d..89dd0c47a 100644
--- a/object.h
+++ b/object.h
@@ -82,5 +82,6 @@ int object_list_contains(struct object_list *list, struct object *obj);
 /* Object array handling .. */
 void add_object_array(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array);
 void add_object_array_with_mode(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array, unsigned mode);
+void object_array_remove_duplicates(struct object_array *);
 
 #endif /* OBJECT_H */
diff --git a/pack-check.c b/pack-check.c
index 90c33b1b8..166ca703c 100644
--- a/pack-check.c
+++ b/pack-check.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 	const unsigned char *index_base = p->index_data;
 	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
 	unsigned char sha1[20], *pack_sig;
-	off_t offset = 0, pack_sig_ofs = p->pack_size - 20;
+	off_t offset = 0, pack_sig_ofs = 0;
 	uint32_t nr_objects, i;
 	int err = 0;
 	struct idx_entry *entries;
@@ -61,14 +61,16 @@ static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
 	 */
 
 	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
-	while (offset < pack_sig_ofs) {
+	do {
 		unsigned int remaining;
 		unsigned char *in = use_pack(p, w_curs, offset, &remaining);
 		offset += remaining;
+		if (!pack_sig_ofs)
+			pack_sig_ofs = p->pack_size - 20;
 		if (offset > pack_sig_ofs)
 			remaining -= (unsigned int)(offset - pack_sig_ofs);
 		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, in, remaining);
-	}
+	} while (offset < pack_sig_ofs);
 	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
 	pack_sig = use_pack(p, w_curs, pack_sig_ofs, NULL);
 	if (hashcmp(sha1, pack_sig))
diff --git a/pack-redundant.c b/pack-redundant.c
index 25b81a445..21c61dbbe 100644
--- a/pack-redundant.c
+++ b/pack-redundant.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #define BLKSIZE 512
 
@@ -54,16 +55,15 @@ static inline struct llist_item *llist_item_get(void)
 	} else {
 		int i = 1;
 		new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct llist_item) * BLKSIZE);
-		for(;i < BLKSIZE; i++) {
+		for (; i < BLKSIZE; i++)
 			llist_item_put(&new[i]);
-		}
 	}
 	return new;
 }
 
 static void llist_free(struct llist *list)
 {
-	while((list->back = list->front)) {
+	while ((list->back = list->front)) {
 		list->front = list->front->next;
 		llist_item_put(list->back);
 	}
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ static inline struct llist_item *llist_insert_sorted_unique(struct llist *list,
 		if (cmp > 0) { /* we insert before this entry */
 			return llist_insert(list, prev, sha1);
 		}
-		if(!cmp) { /* already exists */
+		if (!cmp) { /* already exists */
 			return l;
 		}
 		prev = l;
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ redo_from_start:
 		int cmp = hashcmp(l->sha1, sha1);
 		if (cmp > 0) /* not in list, since sorted */
 			return prev;
-		if(!cmp) { /* found */
+		if (!cmp) { /* found */
 			if (prev == NULL) {
 				if (hint != NULL && hint != list->front) {
 					/* we don't know the previous element */
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ static inline struct pack_list * pack_list_insert(struct pack_list **pl,
 static inline size_t pack_list_size(struct pack_list *pl)
 {
 	size_t ret = 0;
-	while(pl) {
+	while (pl) {
 		ret++;
 		pl = pl->next;
 	}
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ static size_t get_pack_redundancy(struct pack_list *pl)
 		return 0;
 
 	while ((subset = pl->next)) {
-		while(subset) {
+		while (subset) {
 			ret += sizeof_union(pl->pack, subset->pack);
 			subset = subset->next;
 		}
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static void minimize(struct pack_list **min)
 
 	pl = local_packs;
 	while (pl) {
-		if(pl->unique_objects->size)
+		if (pl->unique_objects->size)
 			pack_list_insert(&unique, pl);
 		else
 			pack_list_insert(&non_unique, pl);
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ static void minimize(struct pack_list **min)
 		pll_free(perm_all);
 	}
 	if (perm_ok == NULL)
-		die("Internal error: No complete sets found!\n");
+		die("Internal error: No complete sets found!");
 
 	/* find the permutation with the smallest size */
 	perm = perm_ok;
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ static void minimize(struct pack_list **min)
 	*min = min_perm;
 	/* add the unique packs to the list */
 	pl = unique;
-	while(pl) {
+	while (pl) {
 		pack_list_insert(min, pl);
 		pl = pl->next;
 	}
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ static void cmp_local_packs(void)
 	struct pack_list *subset, *pl = local_packs;
 
 	while ((subset = pl)) {
-		while((subset = subset->next))
+		while ((subset = subset->next))
 			cmp_two_packs(pl, subset);
 		pl = pl->next;
 	}
@@ -573,14 +573,14 @@ static struct pack_list * add_pack_file(char *filename)
 	struct packed_git *p = packed_git;
 
 	if (strlen(filename) < 40)
-		die("Bad pack filename: %s\n", filename);
+		die("Bad pack filename: %s", filename);
 
 	while (p) {
 		if (strstr(p->pack_name, filename))
 			return add_pack(p);
 		p = p->next;
 	}
-	die("Filename %s not found in packed_git\n", filename);
+	die("Filename %s not found in packed_git", filename);
 }
 
 static void load_all(void)
@@ -601,27 +601,32 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	unsigned char *sha1;
 	char buf[42]; /* 40 byte sha1 + \n + \0 */
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage(pack_redundant_usage);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if(!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
 			i++;
 			break;
 		}
-		if(!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
 			load_all_packs = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if(!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
 			verbose = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if(!strcmp(arg, "--alt-odb")) {
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--alt-odb")) {
 			alt_odb = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if(*arg == '-')
+		if (*arg == '-')
 			usage(pack_redundant_usage);
 		else
 			break;
@@ -636,7 +641,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			add_pack_file(*(argv + i++));
 
 	if (local_packs == NULL)
-		die("Zero packs found!\n");
+		die("Zero packs found!");
 
 	load_all_objects();
 
diff --git a/pack-refs.c b/pack-refs.c
index 2c76fb181..7f43f8ac3 100644
--- a/pack-refs.c
+++ b/pack-refs.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static void prune_ref(struct ref_to_prune *r)
 	struct ref_lock *lock = lock_ref_sha1(r->name + 5, r->sha1);
 
 	if (lock) {
-		unlink(git_path("%s", r->name));
+		unlink_or_warn(git_path("%s", r->name));
 		unlock_ref(lock);
 	}
 }
@@ -93,8 +93,7 @@ int pack_refs(unsigned int flags)
 				       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 	cbdata.refs_file = fdopen(fd, "w");
 	if (!cbdata.refs_file)
-		die("unable to create ref-pack file structure (%s)",
-		    strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("unable to create ref-pack file structure");
 
 	/* perhaps other traits later as well */
 	fprintf(cbdata.refs_file, "# pack-refs with: peeled \n");
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ int pack_refs(unsigned int flags)
 	if (ferror(cbdata.refs_file))
 		die("failed to write ref-pack file");
 	if (fflush(cbdata.refs_file) || fsync(fd) || fclose(cbdata.refs_file))
-		die("failed to write ref-pack file (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("failed to write ref-pack file");
 	/*
 	 * Since the lock file was fdopen()'ed and then fclose()'ed above,
 	 * assign -1 to the lock file descriptor so that commit_lock_file()
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ int pack_refs(unsigned int flags)
 	 */
 	packed.fd = -1;
 	if (commit_lock_file(&packed) < 0)
-		die("unable to overwrite old ref-pack file (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("unable to overwrite old ref-pack file");
 	if (cbdata.flags & PACK_REFS_PRUNE)
 		prune_refs(cbdata.ref_to_prune);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/pack-revindex.c b/pack-revindex.c
index 1de53c893..77a0465be 100644
--- a/pack-revindex.c
+++ b/pack-revindex.c
@@ -149,8 +149,7 @@ void discard_revindex(void)
 	if (pack_revindex_hashsz) {
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < pack_revindex_hashsz; i++)
-			if (pack_revindex[i].revindex)
-				free(pack_revindex[i].revindex);
+			free(pack_revindex[i].revindex);
 		free(pack_revindex);
 		pack_revindex_hashsz = 0;
 	}
diff --git a/pack-write.c b/pack-write.c
index b426006c5..741efcd93 100644
--- a/pack-write.c
+++ b/pack-write.c
@@ -44,16 +44,14 @@ char *write_idx_file(char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objects,
 
 	if (!index_name) {
 		static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-		snprintf(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
-			 "%s/pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX", get_object_directory());
-		fd = xmkstemp(tmpfile);
+		fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
 		index_name = xstrdup(tmpfile);
 	} else {
 		unlink(index_name);
 		fd = open(index_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0600);
 	}
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("unable to create %s: %s", index_name, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("unable to create '%s'", index_name);
 	f = sha1fd(fd, index_name);
 
 	/* if last object's offset is >= 2^31 we should use index V2 */
@@ -176,11 +174,11 @@ void fixup_pack_header_footer(int pack_fd,
 	git_SHA1_Init(&new_sha1_ctx);
 
 	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
-		die("Failed seeking to start of %s: %s", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Failed seeking to start of '%s'", pack_name);
 	if (read_in_full(pack_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != sizeof(hdr))
-		die("Unable to reread header of %s: %s", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Unable to reread header of '%s'", pack_name);
 	if (lseek(pack_fd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
-		die("Failed seeking to start of %s: %s", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Failed seeking to start of '%s'", pack_name);
 	git_SHA1_Update(&old_sha1_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
 	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(object_count);
 	git_SHA1_Update(&new_sha1_ctx, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
@@ -197,7 +195,7 @@ void fixup_pack_header_footer(int pack_fd,
 		if (!n)
 			break;
 		if (n < 0)
-			die("Failed to checksum %s: %s", pack_name, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("Failed to checksum '%s'", pack_name);
 		git_SHA1_Update(&new_sha1_ctx, buf, n);
 
 		aligned_sz -= n;
@@ -239,7 +237,7 @@ char *index_pack_lockfile(int ip_out)
 	char packname[46];
 
 	/*
-	 * The first thing we expects from index-pack's output
+	 * The first thing we expect from index-pack's output
 	 * is "pack\t%40s\n" or "keep\t%40s\n" (46 bytes) where
 	 * %40s is the newly created pack SHA1 name.  In the "keep"
 	 * case, we need it to remove the corresponding .keep file
diff --git a/pager.c b/pager.c
index aa0966c9c..92c03f654 100644
--- a/pager.c
+++ b/pager.c
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+
+#ifndef DEFAULT_PAGER
+#define DEFAULT_PAGER "less"
+#endif
 
 /*
  * This is split up from the rest of git so that we can do
@@ -8,7 +13,7 @@
 
 static int spawned_pager;
 
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#ifndef WIN32
 static void pager_preexec(void)
 {
 	/*
@@ -20,8 +25,6 @@ static void pager_preexec(void)
 	FD_ZERO(&in);
 	FD_SET(0, &in);
 	select(1, &in, NULL, &in, NULL);
-
-	setenv("LESS", "FRSX", 0);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -38,12 +41,21 @@ static void wait_for_pager(void)
 	finish_command(&pager_process);
 }
 
-void setup_pager(void)
+static void wait_for_pager_signal(int signo)
 {
-	const char *pager = getenv("GIT_PAGER");
+	wait_for_pager();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
+const char *git_pager(void)
+{
+	const char *pager;
 
 	if (!isatty(1))
-		return;
+		return NULL;
+
+	pager = getenv("GIT_PAGER");
 	if (!pager) {
 		if (!pager_program)
 			git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
@@ -52,8 +64,18 @@ void setup_pager(void)
 	if (!pager)
 		pager = getenv("PAGER");
 	if (!pager)
-		pager = "less";
+		pager = DEFAULT_PAGER;
 	else if (!*pager || !strcmp(pager, "cat"))
+		pager = NULL;
+
+	return pager;
+}
+
+void setup_pager(void)
+{
+	const char *pager = git_pager();
+
+	if (!pager)
 		return;
 
 	spawned_pager = 1; /* means we are emitting to terminal */
@@ -62,7 +84,11 @@ void setup_pager(void)
 	pager_argv[2] = pager;
 	pager_process.argv = pager_argv;
 	pager_process.in = -1;
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
+	if (!getenv("LESS")) {
+		static const char *env[] = { "LESS=FRSX", NULL };
+		pager_process.env = env;
+	}
+#ifndef WIN32
 	pager_process.preexec_cb = pager_preexec;
 #endif
 	if (start_command(&pager_process))
@@ -70,10 +96,12 @@ void setup_pager(void)
 
 	/* original process continues, but writes to the pipe */
 	dup2(pager_process.in, 1);
-	dup2(pager_process.in, 2);
+	if (isatty(2))
+		dup2(pager_process.in, 2);
 	close(pager_process.in);
 
 	/* this makes sure that the parent terminates after the pager */
+	sigchain_push_common(wait_for_pager_signal);
 	atexit(wait_for_pager);
 }
 
diff --git a/parse-options.c b/parse-options.c
index 9eb55cc8b..f5594114e 100644
--- a/parse-options.c
+++ b/parse-options.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
 
 #define OPT_SHORT 1
 #define OPT_UNSET 2
@@ -30,11 +31,20 @@ static int get_arg(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *opt,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void fix_filename(const char *prefix, const char **file)
+{
+	if (!file || !*file || !prefix || is_absolute_path(*file)
+	    || !strcmp("-", *file))
+		return;
+	*file = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), *file));
+}
+
 static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
 		     const struct option *opt, int flags)
 {
 	const char *s, *arg;
 	const int unset = flags & OPT_UNSET;
+	int err;
 
 	if (unset && p->opt)
 		return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
@@ -49,6 +59,7 @@ static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
 		case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
 		case OPTION_BIT:
+		case OPTION_NEGBIT:
 		case OPTION_SET_INT:
 		case OPTION_SET_PTR:
 			return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
@@ -65,6 +76,13 @@ static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
 			*(int *)opt->value |= opt->defval;
 		return 0;
 
+	case OPTION_NEGBIT:
+		if (unset)
+			*(int *)opt->value |= opt->defval;
+		else
+			*(int *)opt->value &= ~opt->defval;
+		return 0;
+
 	case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
 		*(int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : *(int *)opt->value + 1;
 		return 0;
@@ -86,6 +104,19 @@ static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
 			return get_arg(p, opt, flags, (const char **)opt->value);
 		return 0;
 
+	case OPTION_FILENAME:
+		err = 0;
+		if (unset)
+			*(const char **)opt->value = NULL;
+		else if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
+			*(const char **)opt->value = (const char *)opt->defval;
+		else
+			err = get_arg(p, opt, flags, (const char **)opt->value);
+
+		if (!err)
+			fix_filename(p->prefix, (const char **)opt->value);
+		return err;
+
 	case OPTION_CALLBACK:
 		if (unset)
 			return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 1) ? (-1) : 0;
@@ -120,11 +151,33 @@ static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
 
 static int parse_short_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *options)
 {
+	const struct option *numopt = NULL;
+
 	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
 		if (options->short_name == *p->opt) {
 			p->opt = p->opt[1] ? p->opt + 1 : NULL;
 			return get_value(p, options, OPT_SHORT);
 		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Handle the numerical option later, explicit one-digit
+		 * options take precedence over it.
+		 */
+		if (options->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
+			numopt = options;
+	}
+	if (numopt && isdigit(*p->opt)) {
+		size_t len = 1;
+		char *arg;
+		int rc;
+
+		while (isdigit(p->opt[len]))
+			len++;
+		arg = xmemdupz(p->opt, len);
+		p->opt = p->opt[len] ? p->opt + len : NULL;
+		rc = (*numopt->callback)(numopt, arg, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
+		free(arg);
+		return rc;
 	}
 	return -2;
 }
@@ -177,6 +230,9 @@ is_abbreviated:
 				abbrev_flags = flags;
 				continue;
 			}
+			/* negation allowed? */
+			if (options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
+				continue;
 			/* negated and abbreviated very much? */
 			if (!prefixcmp("no-", arg)) {
 				flags |= OPT_UNSET;
@@ -214,6 +270,25 @@ is_abbreviated:
 	return -2;
 }
 
+static int parse_nodash_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const char *arg,
+			    const struct option *options)
+{
+	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
+		if (!(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH))
+			continue;
+		if ((options->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG) ||
+		    !(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+			die("BUG: dashless options don't support arguments");
+		if (!(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG))
+			die("BUG: dashless options don't support negation");
+		if (options->long_name)
+			die("BUG: dashless options can't be long");
+		if (options->short_name == arg[0] && arg[1] == '\0')
+			return get_value(p, options, OPT_SHORT);
+	}
+	return -2;
+}
+
 static void check_typos(const char *arg, const struct option *options)
 {
 	if (strlen(arg) < 3)
@@ -234,15 +309,42 @@ static void check_typos(const char *arg, const struct option *options)
 	}
 }
 
+static void parse_options_check(const struct option *opts)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
+		if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT) &&
+		    (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)) {
+			if (opts->long_name) {
+				error("`--%s` uses incompatible flags "
+				      "LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG", opts->long_name);
+			} else {
+				error("`-%c` uses incompatible flags "
+				      "LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG", opts->short_name);
+			}
+			err |= 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (err)
+		exit(129);
+}
+
 void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
-			 int argc, const char **argv, int flags)
+			 int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+			 int flags)
 {
 	memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
 	ctx->argc = argc - 1;
 	ctx->argv = argv + 1;
 	ctx->out  = argv;
+	ctx->prefix = prefix;
 	ctx->cpidx = ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0) != 0);
 	ctx->flags = flags;
+	if ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN) &&
+	    (flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION))
+		die("STOP_AT_NON_OPTION and KEEP_UNKNOWN don't go together");
 }
 
 static int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *,
@@ -252,6 +354,10 @@ int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 		       const struct option *options,
 		       const char * const usagestr[])
 {
+	int internal_help = !(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
+
+	parse_options_check(options);
+
 	/* we must reset ->opt, unknown short option leave it dangling */
 	ctx->opt = NULL;
 
@@ -259,6 +365,8 @@ int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 		const char *arg = ctx->argv[0];
 
 		if (*arg != '-' || !arg[1]) {
+			if (parse_nodash_opt(ctx, arg, options) == 0)
+				continue;
 			if (ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION)
 				break;
 			ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
@@ -267,18 +375,18 @@ int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 
 		if (arg[1] != '-') {
 			ctx->opt = arg + 1;
-			if (*ctx->opt == 'h')
+			if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
 				return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
 			switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
 			case -1:
 				return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
 			case -2:
-				return PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
+				goto unknown;
 			}
 			if (ctx->opt)
 				check_typos(arg + 1, options);
 			while (ctx->opt) {
-				if (*ctx->opt == 'h')
+				if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
 					return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
 				switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
 				case -1:
@@ -291,7 +399,7 @@ int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 					 */
 					ctx->argv[0] = xstrdup(ctx->opt - 1);
 					*(char *)ctx->argv[0] = '-';
-					return PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
+					goto unknown;
 				}
 			}
 			continue;
@@ -305,16 +413,22 @@ int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 			break;
 		}
 
-		if (!strcmp(arg + 2, "help-all"))
+		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help-all"))
 			return usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, options, 1);
-		if (!strcmp(arg + 2, "help"))
+		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help"))
 			return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
 		switch (parse_long_opt(ctx, arg + 2, options)) {
 		case -1:
 			return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options);
 		case -2:
-			return PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
+			goto unknown;
 		}
+		continue;
+unknown:
+		if (!(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN))
+			return PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
+		ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
+		ctx->opt = NULL;
 	}
 	return PARSE_OPT_DONE;
 }
@@ -326,12 +440,13 @@ int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx)
 	return ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc;
 }
 
-int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const struct option *options,
-		  const char * const usagestr[], int flags)
+int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+		  const struct option *options, const char * const usagestr[],
+		  int flags)
 {
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
 
-	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, flags);
+	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, flags);
 	switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, usagestr)) {
 	case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
 		exit(129);
@@ -349,12 +464,29 @@ int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const struct option *options,
 	return parse_options_end(&ctx);
 }
 
+static int usage_argh(const struct option *opts)
+{
+	const char *s;
+	int literal = (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP) || !opts->argh;
+	if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
+		if (opts->long_name)
+			s = literal ? "[=%s]" : "[=<%s>]";
+		else
+			s = literal ? "[%s]" : "[<%s>]";
+	else
+		s = literal ? " %s" : " <%s>";
+	return fprintf(stderr, s, opts->argh ? opts->argh : "...");
+}
+
 #define USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH 24
 #define USAGE_GAP         2
 
-int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *usagestr,
+static int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *usagestr,
 				const struct option *opts, int full)
 {
+	if (!usagestr)
+		return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
+
 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s\n", *usagestr++);
 	while (*usagestr && **usagestr)
 		fprintf(stderr, "   or: %s\n", *usagestr++);
@@ -382,51 +514,23 @@ int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *usagestr,
 			continue;
 
 		pos = fprintf(stderr, "    ");
-		if (opts->short_name)
-			pos += fprintf(stderr, "-%c", opts->short_name);
+		if (opts->short_name && !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP)) {
+			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH)
+				pos += fprintf(stderr, "%c", opts->short_name);
+			else
+				pos += fprintf(stderr, "-%c", opts->short_name);
+		}
 		if (opts->long_name && opts->short_name)
 			pos += fprintf(stderr, ", ");
 		if (opts->long_name)
-			pos += fprintf(stderr, "--%s", opts->long_name);
+			pos += fprintf(stderr, "--%s%s",
+				(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP) ?  "no-" : "",
+				opts->long_name);
+		if (opts->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
+			pos += fprintf(stderr, "-NUM");
 
-		switch (opts->type) {
-		case OPTION_ARGUMENT:
-			break;
-		case OPTION_INTEGER:
-			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
-				if (opts->long_name)
-					pos += fprintf(stderr, "[=<n>]");
-				else
-					pos += fprintf(stderr, "[<n>]");
-			else
-				pos += fprintf(stderr, " <n>");
-			break;
-		case OPTION_CALLBACK:
-			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG)
-				break;
-			/* FALLTHROUGH */
-		case OPTION_STRING:
-			if (opts->argh) {
-				if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
-					if (opts->long_name)
-						pos += fprintf(stderr, "[=<%s>]", opts->argh);
-					else
-						pos += fprintf(stderr, "[<%s>]", opts->argh);
-				else
-					pos += fprintf(stderr, " <%s>", opts->argh);
-			} else {
-				if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
-					if (opts->long_name)
-						pos += fprintf(stderr, "[=...]");
-					else
-						pos += fprintf(stderr, "[...]");
-				else
-					pos += fprintf(stderr, " ...");
-			}
-			break;
-		default: /* OPTION_{BIT,BOOLEAN,SET_INT,SET_PTR} */
-			break;
-		}
+		if (!(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
+			pos += usage_argh(opts);
 
 		if (pos <= USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH)
 			pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH - pos;
@@ -448,6 +552,14 @@ void usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
 	exit(129);
 }
 
+void usage_msg_opt(const char *msg,
+		   const char * const *usagestr,
+		   const struct option *options)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n\n", msg);
+	usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
+}
+
 int parse_options_usage(const char * const *usagestr,
 			const struct option *opts)
 {
@@ -506,14 +618,18 @@ int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * This should really be OPTION_FILENAME type as a part of
- * parse_options that take prefix to do this while parsing.
- */
-extern const char *parse_options_fix_filename(const char *prefix, const char *file)
+int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	if (!file || !prefix || is_absolute_path(file) || !strcmp("-", file))
-		return file;
-	return prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), file);
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+		return error("malformed object name %s", arg);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!commit)
+		return error("no such commit %s", arg);
+	commit_list_insert(commit, opt->value);
+	return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/parse-options.h b/parse-options.h
index 034162ec6..f295a2cf8 100644
--- a/parse-options.h
+++ b/parse-options.h
@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ enum parse_opt_type {
 	OPTION_END,
 	OPTION_ARGUMENT,
 	OPTION_GROUP,
+	OPTION_NUMBER,
 	/* options with no arguments */
 	OPTION_BIT,
+	OPTION_NEGBIT,
 	OPTION_BOOLEAN, /* _INCR would have been a better name */
 	OPTION_SET_INT,
 	OPTION_SET_PTR,
@@ -15,12 +17,15 @@ enum parse_opt_type {
 	OPTION_STRING,
 	OPTION_INTEGER,
 	OPTION_CALLBACK,
+	OPTION_FILENAME
 };
 
 enum parse_opt_flags {
 	PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH = 1,
 	PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION = 2,
 	PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 = 4,
+	PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN = 8,
+	PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP = 16,
 };
 
 enum parse_opt_option_flags {
@@ -29,6 +34,9 @@ enum parse_opt_option_flags {
 	PARSE_OPT_NONEG   = 4,
 	PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN  = 8,
 	PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT = 16,
+	PARSE_OPT_NODASH = 32,
+	PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP = 64,
+	PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP = 128,
 };
 
 struct option;
@@ -50,7 +58,7 @@ typedef int parse_opt_cb(const struct option *, const char *arg, int unset);
  *
  * `argh`::
  *   token to explain the kind of argument this option wants. Keep it
- *   homogenous across the repository.
+ *   homogeneous across the repository.
  *
  * `help`::
  *   the short help associated to what the option does.
@@ -59,11 +67,23 @@ typedef int parse_opt_cb(const struct option *, const char *arg, int unset);
  *
  * `flags`::
  *   mask of parse_opt_option_flags.
- *   PARSE_OPT_OPTARG: says that the argument is optionnal (not for BOOLEANs)
- *   PARSE_OPT_NOARG: says that this option takes no argument, for CALLBACKs
+ *   PARSE_OPT_OPTARG: says that the argument is optional (not for BOOLEANs)
+ *   PARSE_OPT_NOARG: says that this option takes no argument
  *   PARSE_OPT_NONEG: says that this option cannot be negated
- *   PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN this option is skipped in the default usage, showed in
- *                    the long one.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN: this option is skipped in the default usage, and
+ *                     shown only in the full usage.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT: says that this option will take the default
+ *				value if no argument is given when the option
+ *				is last on the command line. If the option is
+ *				not last it will require an argument.
+ *				Should not be used with PARSE_OPT_OPTARG.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_NODASH: this option doesn't start with a dash.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP: says that argh shouldn't be enclosed in brackets
+ *				(i.e. '<argh>') in the help message.
+ *				Useful for options with multiple parameters.
+ *   PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP: says that the long option should always be shown with
+ *				the --no prefix in the usage message. Sometimes
+ *				useful for users of OPTION_NEGBIT.
  *
  * `callback`::
  *   pointer to the callback to use for OPTION_CALLBACK.
@@ -88,32 +108,48 @@ struct option {
 };
 
 #define OPT_END()                   { OPTION_END }
-#define OPT_ARGUMENT(l, h)          { OPTION_ARGUMENT, 0, (l), NULL, NULL, (h) }
+#define OPT_ARGUMENT(l, h)          { OPTION_ARGUMENT, 0, (l), NULL, NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG}
 #define OPT_GROUP(h)                { OPTION_GROUP, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, (h) }
-#define OPT_BIT(s, l, v, h, b)      { OPTION_BIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), 0, NULL, (b) }
-#define OPT_BOOLEAN(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_BOOLEAN, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h) }
-#define OPT_SET_INT(s, l, v, h, i)  { OPTION_SET_INT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), 0, NULL, (i) }
-#define OPT_SET_PTR(s, l, v, h, p)  { OPTION_SET_PTR, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), 0, NULL, (p) }
-#define OPT_INTEGER(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_INTEGER, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h) }
+#define OPT_BIT(s, l, v, h, b)      { OPTION_BIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, (h), \
+				      PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (b) }
+#define OPT_NEGBIT(s, l, v, h, b)   { OPTION_NEGBIT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (b) }
+#define OPT_BOOLEAN(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_BOOLEAN, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG }
+#define OPT_SET_INT(s, l, v, h, i)  { OPTION_SET_INT, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (i) }
+#define OPT_SET_PTR(s, l, v, h, p)  { OPTION_SET_PTR, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
+				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (p) }
+#define OPT_INTEGER(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_INTEGER, (s), (l), (v), "n", (h) }
 #define OPT_STRING(s, l, v, a, h)   { OPTION_STRING,  (s), (l), (v), (a), (h) }
 #define OPT_DATE(s, l, v, h) \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), "time",(h), 0, \
 	  parse_opt_approxidate_cb }
 #define OPT_CALLBACK(s, l, v, a, h, f) \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), (a), (h), 0, (f) }
+#define OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(v, h, f) \
+	{ OPTION_NUMBER, 0, NULL, (v), NULL, (h), \
+	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, (f) }
+#define OPT_FILENAME(s, l, v, h)    { OPTION_FILENAME, (s), (l), (v), \
+				       "FILE", (h) }
 
 /* parse_options() will filter out the processed options and leave the
- * non-option argments in argv[].
+ * non-option arguments in argv[].
  * Returns the number of arguments left in argv[].
  */
-extern int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv,
+extern int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
                          const struct option *options,
                          const char * const usagestr[], int flags);
 
 extern NORETURN void usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
                                         const struct option *options);
 
-/*----- incremantal advanced APIs -----*/
+extern NORETURN void usage_msg_opt(const char *msg,
+				   const char * const *usagestr,
+				   const struct option *options);
+
+/*----- incremental advanced APIs -----*/
 
 enum {
 	PARSE_OPT_HELP = -1,
@@ -132,13 +168,15 @@ struct parse_opt_ctx_t {
 	int argc, cpidx;
 	const char *opt;
 	int flags;
+	const char *prefix;
 };
 
 extern int parse_options_usage(const char * const *usagestr,
 			       const struct option *opts);
 
 extern void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
-				int argc, const char **argv, int flags);
+				int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+				int flags);
 
 extern int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 			      const struct option *options,
@@ -151,6 +189,7 @@ extern int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx);
 extern int parse_opt_abbrev_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_approxidate_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 
 #define OPT__VERBOSE(var)  OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", (var), "be verbose")
 #define OPT__QUIET(var)    OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet",   (var), "be quiet")
@@ -165,6 +204,4 @@ extern int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 	  "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s", \
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &parse_opt_abbrev_cb, 0 }
 
-extern const char *parse_options_fix_filename(const char *prefix, const char *file);
-
 #endif
diff --git a/patch-delta.c b/patch-delta.c
index ed9db81fa..e02e13bd4 100644
--- a/patch-delta.c
+++ b/patch-delta.c
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * patch-delta.c:
  * recreate a buffer from a source and the delta produced by diff-delta.c
  *
- * (C) 2005 Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
+ * (C) 2005 Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void *patch_delta(const void *src_buf, unsigned long src_size,
 			if (cmd & 0x01) cp_off = *data++;
 			if (cmd & 0x02) cp_off |= (*data++ << 8);
 			if (cmd & 0x04) cp_off |= (*data++ << 16);
-			if (cmd & 0x08) cp_off |= (*data++ << 24);
+			if (cmd & 0x08) cp_off |= ((unsigned) *data++ << 24);
 			if (cmd & 0x10) cp_size = *data++;
 			if (cmd & 0x20) cp_size |= (*data++ << 8);
 			if (cmd & 0x40) cp_size |= (*data++ << 16);
diff --git a/patch-id.c b/patch-id.c
index 871f1d20c..0df4cb086 100644
--- a/patch-id.c
+++ b/patch-id.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, git_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
@@ -72,13 +73,15 @@ static void generate_id_list(void)
 	flush_current_id(patchlen, sha1, &ctx);
 }
 
-static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git-patch-id < patch";
+static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git patch-id < patch";
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	if (argc != 1)
 		usage(patch_id_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	generate_id_list();
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/patch-ids.c b/patch-ids.c
index 3be5d3165..571725705 100644
--- a/patch-ids.c
+++ b/patch-ids.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
 #include "patch-ids.h"
 
 static int commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit, struct diff_options *options,
@@ -15,99 +16,15 @@ static int commit_patch_id(struct commit *commit, struct diff_options *options,
 	return diff_flush_patch_id(options, sha1);
 }
 
-static uint32_t take2(const unsigned char *id)
+static const unsigned char *patch_id_access(size_t index, void *table)
 {
-	return ((id[0] << 8) | id[1]);
+	struct patch_id **id_table = table;
+	return id_table[index]->patch_id;
 }
 
-/*
- * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
- *
- *      do {
- *              int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
- *              int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
- *              if (!cmp)
- *                      return (mi is the wanted one)
- *              if (cmp > 0)
- *                      hi = mi; "mi is larger than target"
- *              else
- *                      lo = mi+1; "mi is smaller than target"
- *      } while (lo < hi);
- *
- * The invariants are:
- *
- * - When entering the loop, lo points at a slot that is never
- *   above the target (it could be at the target), hi points at a
- *   slot that is guaranteed to be above the target (it can never
- *   be at the target).
- *
- * - We find a point 'mi' between lo and hi (mi could be the same
- *   as lo, but never can be the same as hi), and check if it hits
- *   the target.  There are three cases:
- *
- *    - if it is a hit, we are happy.
- *
- *    - if it is strictly higher than the target, we update hi with
- *      it.
- *
- *    - if it is strictly lower than the target, we update lo to be
- *      one slot after it, because we allow lo to be at the target.
- *
- * When choosing 'mi', we do not have to take the "middle" but
- * anywhere in between lo and hi, as long as lo <= mi < hi is
- * satisfied.  When we somehow know that the distance between the
- * target and lo is much shorter than the target and hi, we could
- * pick mi that is much closer to lo than the midway.
- */
 static int patch_pos(struct patch_id **table, int nr, const unsigned char *id)
 {
-	int hi = nr;
-	int lo = 0;
-	int mi = 0;
-
-	if (!nr)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (nr != 1) {
-		unsigned lov, hiv, miv, ofs;
-
-		for (ofs = 0; ofs < 18; ofs += 2) {
-			lov = take2(table[0]->patch_id + ofs);
-			hiv = take2(table[nr-1]->patch_id + ofs);
-			miv = take2(id + ofs);
-			if (miv < lov)
-				return -1;
-			if (hiv < miv)
-				return -1 - nr;
-			if (lov != hiv) {
-				/*
-				 * At this point miv could be equal
-				 * to hiv (but id could still be higher);
-				 * the invariant of (mi < hi) should be
-				 * kept.
-				 */
-				mi = (nr-1) * (miv - lov) / (hiv - lov);
-				if (lo <= mi && mi < hi)
-					break;
-				die("oops");
-			}
-		}
-		if (18 <= ofs)
-			die("cannot happen -- lo and hi are identical");
-	}
-
-	do {
-		int cmp;
-		cmp = hashcmp(table[mi]->patch_id, id);
-		if (!cmp)
-			return mi;
-		if (cmp > 0)
-			hi = mi;
-		else
-			lo = mi + 1;
-		mi = (hi + lo) / 2;
-	} while (lo < hi);
-	return -lo-1;
+	return sha1_pos(id, table, nr, patch_id_access);
 }
 
 #define BUCKET_SIZE 190 /* 190 * 21 = 3990, with slop close enough to 4K */
diff --git a/path.c b/path.c
index a074aea64..79aa10471 100644
--- a/path.c
+++ b/path.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
  * which is what it's designed for.
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 static char bad_path[] = "/bad-path/";
 
@@ -139,6 +140,22 @@ int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t len, const char *template)
 	return mkstemp(path);
 }
 
+/* git_mkstemps() - create tmp file with suffix honoring TMPDIR variable. */
+int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t len, const char *template, int suffix_len)
+{
+	const char *tmp;
+	size_t n;
+
+	tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	if (!tmp)
+		tmp = "/tmp";
+	n = snprintf(path, len, "%s/%s", tmp, template);
+	if (len <= n) {
+		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return mkstemps(path, suffix_len);
+}
 
 int validate_headref(const char *path)
 {
@@ -191,43 +208,49 @@ int validate_headref(const char *path)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static char *user_path(char *buf, char *path, int sz)
+static struct passwd *getpw_str(const char *username, size_t len)
 {
 	struct passwd *pw;
-	char *slash;
-	int len, baselen;
+	char *username_z = xmalloc(len + 1);
+	memcpy(username_z, username, len);
+	username_z[len] = '\0';
+	pw = getpwnam(username_z);
+	free(username_z);
+	return pw;
+}
 
-	if (!path || path[0] != '~')
-		return NULL;
-	path++;
-	slash = strchr(path, '/');
-	if (path[0] == '/' || !path[0]) {
-		pw = getpwuid(getuid());
-	}
-	else {
-		if (slash) {
-			*slash = 0;
-			pw = getpwnam(path);
-			*slash = '/';
+/*
+ * Return a string with ~ and ~user expanded via getpw*.  If buf != NULL,
+ * then it is a newly allocated string. Returns NULL on getpw failure or
+ * if path is NULL.
+ */
+char *expand_user_path(const char *path)
+{
+	struct strbuf user_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *first_slash = strchrnul(path, '/');
+	const char *to_copy = path;
+
+	if (path == NULL)
+		goto return_null;
+	if (path[0] == '~') {
+		const char *username = path + 1;
+		size_t username_len = first_slash - username;
+		if (username_len == 0) {
+			const char *home = getenv("HOME");
+			strbuf_add(&user_path, home, strlen(home));
+		} else {
+			struct passwd *pw = getpw_str(username, username_len);
+			if (!pw)
+				goto return_null;
+			strbuf_add(&user_path, pw->pw_dir, strlen(pw->pw_dir));
 		}
-		else
-			pw = getpwnam(path);
+		to_copy = first_slash;
 	}
-	if (!pw || !pw->pw_dir || sz <= strlen(pw->pw_dir))
-		return NULL;
-	baselen = strlen(pw->pw_dir);
-	memcpy(buf, pw->pw_dir, baselen);
-	while ((1 < baselen) && (buf[baselen-1] == '/')) {
-		buf[baselen-1] = 0;
-		baselen--;
-	}
-	if (slash && slash[1]) {
-		len = strlen(slash);
-		if (sz <= baselen + len)
-			return NULL;
-		memcpy(buf + baselen, slash, len + 1);
-	}
-	return buf;
+	strbuf_add(&user_path, to_copy, strlen(to_copy));
+	return strbuf_detach(&user_path, NULL);
+return_null:
+	strbuf_release(&user_path);
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -275,8 +298,18 @@ char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict)
 		if (PATH_MAX <= len)
 			return NULL;
 		if (path[0] == '~') {
-			if (!user_path(used_path, path, PATH_MAX))
+			char *newpath = expand_user_path(path);
+			if (!newpath || (PATH_MAX - 10 < strlen(newpath))) {
+				free(newpath);
 				return NULL;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * Copy back into the static buffer. A pity
+			 * since newpath was not bounded, but other
+			 * branches of the if are limited by PATH_MAX
+			 * anyway.
+			 */
+			strcpy(used_path, newpath); free(newpath);
 			strcpy(validated_path, path);
 			path = used_path;
 		}
@@ -311,36 +344,49 @@ char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path)
+int set_shared_perm(const char *path, int mode)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	int mode;
+	int tweak, shared, orig_mode;
 
-	if (!shared_repository)
+	if (!shared_repository) {
+		if (mode)
+			return chmod(path, mode & ~S_IFMT);
 		return 0;
-	if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	mode = st.st_mode;
-
-	if (shared_repository) {
-		int tweak = shared_repository;
-		if (!(mode & S_IWUSR))
-			tweak &= ~0222;
-		mode |= tweak;
-	} else {
-		/* Preserve old PERM_UMASK behaviour */
-		if (mode & S_IWUSR)
-			mode |= S_IWGRP;
 	}
+	if (!mode) {
+		if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		mode = st.st_mode;
+		orig_mode = mode;
+	} else
+		orig_mode = 0;
+	if (shared_repository < 0)
+		shared = -shared_repository;
+	else
+		shared = shared_repository;
+	tweak = shared;
+
+	if (!(mode & S_IWUSR))
+		tweak &= ~0222;
+	if (mode & S_IXUSR)
+		/* Copy read bits to execute bits */
+		tweak |= (tweak & 0444) >> 2;
+	if (shared_repository < 0)
+		mode = (mode & ~0777) | tweak;
+	else
+		mode |= tweak;
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
-		mode |= FORCE_DIR_SET_GID;
-
 		/* Copy read bits to execute bits */
-		mode |= (shared_repository & 0444) >> 2;
+		mode |= (shared & 0444) >> 2;
+		mode |= FORCE_DIR_SET_GID;
 	}
 
-	if ((mode & st.st_mode) != mode && chmod(path, mode) < 0)
+	if (((shared_repository < 0
+	      ? (orig_mode & (FORCE_DIR_SET_GID | 0777))
+	      : (orig_mode & mode)) != mode) &&
+	    chmod(path, (mode & ~S_IFMT)) < 0)
 		return -2;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -348,71 +394,133 @@ int adjust_shared_perm(const char *path)
 const char *make_relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base)
 {
 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
-	int baselen;
-	if (!base)
-		return abs;
-	baselen = strlen(base);
-	if (prefixcmp(abs, base))
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+
+	if (!base || !base[0])
 		return abs;
-	if (abs[baselen] == '/')
-		baselen++;
-	else if (base[baselen - 1] != '/')
+	while (base[i]) {
+		if (is_dir_sep(base[i])) {
+			if (!is_dir_sep(abs[j]))
+				return abs;
+			while (is_dir_sep(base[i]))
+				i++;
+			while (is_dir_sep(abs[j]))
+				j++;
+			continue;
+		} else if (abs[j] != base[i]) {
+			return abs;
+		}
+		i++;
+		j++;
+	}
+	if (
+	    /* "/foo" is a prefix of "/foo" */
+	    abs[j] &&
+	    /* "/foo" is not a prefix of "/foobar" */
+	    !is_dir_sep(base[i-1]) && !is_dir_sep(abs[j])
+	   )
 		return abs;
-	strcpy(buf, abs + baselen);
+	while (is_dir_sep(abs[j]))
+		j++;
+	if (!abs[j])
+		strcpy(buf, ".");
+	else
+		strcpy(buf, abs + j);
 	return buf;
 }
 
 /*
- * path = absolute path
- * buf = buffer of at least max(2, strlen(path)+1) bytes
- * It is okay if buf == path, but they should not overlap otherwise.
+ * It is okay if dst == src, but they should not overlap otherwise.
  *
- * Performs the following normalizations on path, storing the result in buf:
- * - Removes trailing slashes.
- * - Removes empty components.
+ * Performs the following normalizations on src, storing the result in dst:
+ * - Ensures that components are separated by '/' (Windows only)
+ * - Squashes sequences of '/'.
  * - Removes "." components.
  * - Removes ".." components, and the components the precede them.
- * "" and paths that contain only slashes are normalized to "/".
- * Returns the length of the output.
+ * Returns failure (non-zero) if a ".." component appears as first path
+ * component anytime during the normalization. Otherwise, returns success (0).
  *
  * Note that this function is purely textual.  It does not follow symlinks,
  * verify the existence of the path, or make any system calls.
  */
-int normalize_absolute_path(char *buf, const char *path)
+int normalize_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src)
 {
-	const char *comp_start = path, *comp_end = path;
-	char *dst = buf;
-	int comp_len;
-	assert(buf);
-	assert(path);
-
-	while (*comp_start) {
-		assert(*comp_start == '/');
-		while (*++comp_end && *comp_end != '/')
-			; /* nothing */
-		comp_len = comp_end - comp_start;
-
-		if (!strncmp("/",  comp_start, comp_len) ||
-		    !strncmp("/.", comp_start, comp_len))
-			goto next;
-
-		if (!strncmp("/..", comp_start, comp_len)) {
-			while (dst > buf && *--dst != '/')
-				; /* nothing */
-			goto next;
-		}
+	char *dst0;
 
-		memmove(dst, comp_start, comp_len);
-		dst += comp_len;
-	next:
-		comp_start = comp_end;
+	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(src)) {
+		*dst++ = *src++;
+		*dst++ = *src++;
 	}
+	dst0 = dst;
 
-	if (dst == buf)
+	if (is_dir_sep(*src)) {
 		*dst++ = '/';
+		while (is_dir_sep(*src))
+			src++;
+	}
+
+	for (;;) {
+		char c = *src;
+
+		/*
+		 * A path component that begins with . could be
+		 * special:
+		 * (1) "." and ends   -- ignore and terminate.
+		 * (2) "./"           -- ignore them, eat slash and continue.
+		 * (3) ".." and ends  -- strip one and terminate.
+		 * (4) "../"          -- strip one, eat slash and continue.
+		 */
+		if (c == '.') {
+			if (!src[1]) {
+				/* (1) */
+				src++;
+			} else if (is_dir_sep(src[1])) {
+				/* (2) */
+				src += 2;
+				while (is_dir_sep(*src))
+					src++;
+				continue;
+			} else if (src[1] == '.') {
+				if (!src[2]) {
+					/* (3) */
+					src += 2;
+					goto up_one;
+				} else if (is_dir_sep(src[2])) {
+					/* (4) */
+					src += 3;
+					while (is_dir_sep(*src))
+						src++;
+					goto up_one;
+				}
+			}
+		}
 
+		/* copy up to the next '/', and eat all '/' */
+		while ((c = *src++) != '\0' && !is_dir_sep(c))
+			*dst++ = c;
+		if (is_dir_sep(c)) {
+			*dst++ = '/';
+			while (is_dir_sep(c))
+				c = *src++;
+			src--;
+		} else if (!c)
+			break;
+		continue;
+
+	up_one:
+		/*
+		 * dst0..dst is prefix portion, and dst[-1] is '/';
+		 * go up one level.
+		 */
+		dst--;	/* go to trailing '/' */
+		if (dst <= dst0)
+			return -1;
+		/* Windows: dst[-1] cannot be backslash anymore */
+		while (dst0 < dst && dst[-1] != '/')
+			dst--;
+	}
 	*dst = '\0';
-	return dst - buf;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -438,15 +546,16 @@ int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list)
 		return -1;
 
 	for (colon = ceil = prefix_list; *colon; ceil = colon+1) {
-		for (colon = ceil; *colon && *colon != ':'; colon++);
+		for (colon = ceil; *colon && *colon != PATH_SEP; colon++);
 		len = colon - ceil;
 		if (len == 0 || len > PATH_MAX || !is_absolute_path(ceil))
 			continue;
 		strlcpy(buf, ceil, len+1);
-		len = normalize_absolute_path(buf, buf);
-		/* Strip "trailing slashes" from "/". */
-		if (len == 1)
-			len = 0;
+		if (normalize_path_copy(buf, buf) < 0)
+			continue;
+		len = strlen(buf);
+		if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '/')
+			buf[--len] = '\0';
 
 		if (!strncmp(path, buf, len) &&
 		    path[len] == '/' &&
@@ -457,3 +566,86 @@ int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list)
 
 	return max_len;
 }
+
+/* strip arbitrary amount of directory separators at end of path */
+static inline int chomp_trailing_dir_sep(const char *path, int len)
+{
+	while (len && is_dir_sep(path[len - 1]))
+		len--;
+	return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If path ends with suffix (complete path components), returns the
+ * part before suffix (sans trailing directory separators).
+ * Otherwise returns NULL.
+ */
+char *strip_path_suffix(const char *path, const char *suffix)
+{
+	int path_len = strlen(path), suffix_len = strlen(suffix);
+
+	while (suffix_len) {
+		if (!path_len)
+			return NULL;
+
+		if (is_dir_sep(path[path_len - 1])) {
+			if (!is_dir_sep(suffix[suffix_len - 1]))
+				return NULL;
+			path_len = chomp_trailing_dir_sep(path, path_len);
+			suffix_len = chomp_trailing_dir_sep(suffix, suffix_len);
+		}
+		else if (path[--path_len] != suffix[--suffix_len])
+			return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (path_len && !is_dir_sep(path[path_len - 1]))
+		return NULL;
+	return xstrndup(path, chomp_trailing_dir_sep(path, path_len));
+}
+
+int daemon_avoid_alias(const char *p)
+{
+	int sl, ndot;
+
+	/*
+	 * This resurrects the belts and suspenders paranoia check by HPA
+	 * done in <435560F7.4080006@zytor.com> thread, now enter_repo()
+	 * does not do getcwd() based path canonicalizations.
+	 *
+	 * sl becomes true immediately after seeing '/' and continues to
+	 * be true as long as dots continue after that without intervening
+	 * non-dot character.
+	 */
+	if (!p || (*p != '/' && *p != '~'))
+		return -1;
+	sl = 1; ndot = 0;
+	p++;
+
+	while (1) {
+		char ch = *p++;
+		if (sl) {
+			if (ch == '.')
+				ndot++;
+			else if (ch == '/') {
+				if (ndot < 3)
+					/* reject //, /./ and /../ */
+					return -1;
+				ndot = 0;
+			}
+			else if (ch == 0) {
+				if (0 < ndot && ndot < 3)
+					/* reject /.$ and /..$ */
+					return -1;
+				return 0;
+			}
+			else
+				sl = ndot = 0;
+		}
+		else if (ch == 0)
+			return 0;
+		else if (ch == '/') {
+			sl = 1;
+			ndot = 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/perl/Git.pm b/perl/Git.pm
index dde9105df..e8df55d2f 100644
--- a/perl/Git.pm
+++ b/perl/Git.pm
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ require Exporter;
 @EXPORT_OK = qw(command command_oneline command_noisy
                 command_output_pipe command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
                 command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe
-                version exec_path hash_object git_cmd_try
+                version exec_path html_path hash_object git_cmd_try
                 remote_refs
                 temp_acquire temp_release temp_reset temp_path);
 
@@ -166,11 +166,12 @@ sub repository {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (not defined $opts{Repository} and not defined $opts{WorkingCopy}) {
-		$opts{Directory} ||= '.';
+	if (not defined $opts{Repository} and not defined $opts{WorkingCopy}
+		and not defined $opts{Directory}) {
+		$opts{Directory} = '.';
 	}
 
-	if ($opts{Directory}) {
+	if (defined $opts{Directory}) {
 		-d $opts{Directory} or throw Error::Simple("Directory not found: $!");
 
 		my $search = Git->repository(WorkingCopy => $opts{Directory});
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ sub repository {
 
 		if ($dir) {
 			$dir =~ m#^/# or $dir = $opts{Directory} . '/' . $dir;
-			$opts{Repository} = $dir;
+			$opts{Repository} = abs_path($dir);
 
 			# If --git-dir went ok, this shouldn't die either.
 			my $prefix = $search->command_oneline('rev-parse', '--show-prefix');
@@ -204,14 +205,14 @@ sub repository {
 
 			unless (-d "$dir/refs" and -d "$dir/objects" and -e "$dir/HEAD") {
 				# Mimick git-rev-parse --git-dir error message:
-				throw Error::Simple('fatal: Not a git repository');
+				throw Error::Simple("fatal: Not a git repository: $dir");
 			}
 			my $search = Git->repository(Repository => $dir);
 			try {
 				$search->command('symbolic-ref', 'HEAD');
 			} catch Git::Error::Command with {
 				# Mimick git-rev-parse --git-dir error message:
-				throw Error::Simple('fatal: Not a git repository');
+				throw Error::Simple("fatal: Not a git repository: $dir");
 			}
 
 			$opts{Repository} = abs_path($dir);
@@ -491,6 +492,16 @@ C<git --exec-path>). Useful mostly only internally.
 sub exec_path { command_oneline('--exec-path') }
 
 
+=item html_path ()
+
+Return path to the Git html documentation (the same as
+C<git --html-path>). Useful mostly only internally.
+
+=cut
+
+sub html_path { command_oneline('--html-path') }
+
+
 =item repo_path ()
 
 Return path to the git repository. Must be called on a repository instance.
@@ -1010,8 +1021,8 @@ sub _temp_cache {
 	my $temp_fd = \$TEMP_FILEMAP{$name};
 	if (defined $$temp_fd and $$temp_fd->opened) {
 		if ($TEMP_FILES{$$temp_fd}{locked}) {
-			throw Error::Simple("Temp file with moniker '",
-				$name, "' already in use");
+			throw Error::Simple("Temp file with moniker '" .
+				$name . "' already in use");
 		}
 	} else {
 		if (defined $$temp_fd) {
@@ -1269,6 +1280,8 @@ sub _cmd_exec {
 	my ($self, @args) = @_;
 	if ($self) {
 		$self->repo_path() and $ENV{'GIT_DIR'} = $self->repo_path();
+		$self->repo_path() and $self->wc_path()
+			and $ENV{'GIT_WORK_TREE'} = $self->wc_path();
 		$self->wc_path() and chdir($self->wc_path());
 		$self->wc_subdir() and chdir($self->wc_subdir());
 	}
diff --git a/perl/Makefile b/perl/Makefile
index e3dd1a554..4ab21d61b 100644
--- a/perl/Makefile
+++ b/perl/Makefile
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ $(makfile): ../GIT-CFLAGS Makefile
 	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
 	echo '	cp private-Error.pm blib/lib/Error.pm' >> $@
 	echo install: >> $@
-	echo '	mkdir -p "$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
-	echo '	$(RM) "$(instdir_SQ)/Git.pm"; cp Git.pm "$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
-	echo '	$(RM) "$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
+	echo '	mkdir -p "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
+	echo '	$(RM) "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Git.pm"; cp Git.pm "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
+	echo '	$(RM) "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
 	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
-	echo '	cp private-Error.pm "$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
+	echo '	cp private-Error.pm "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
 	echo instlibdir: >> $@
 	echo '	echo $(instdir_SQ)' >> $@
 else
diff --git a/perl/Makefile.PL b/perl/Makefile.PL
index 320253eb8..0b9deca2c 100644
--- a/perl/Makefile.PL
+++ b/perl/Makefile.PL
@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@ sub MY::postamble {
 instlibdir:
 	@echo '$(INSTALLSITELIB)'
 
+ifneq (,$(DESTDIR))
+ifeq (0,$(shell expr '$(MM_VERSION)' '>' 6.10))
+$(error ExtUtils::MakeMaker version "$(MM_VERSION)" is older than 6.11 and so \
+	is likely incompatible with the DESTDIR mechanism.  Try setting \
+	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER=1 instead)
+endif
+endif
+
 MAKE_FRAG
 }
 
diff --git a/pkt-line.c b/pkt-line.c
index f5d00863a..295ba2b16 100644
--- a/pkt-line.c
+++ b/pkt-line.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ ssize_t safe_write(int fd, const void *buf, ssize_t n)
 		}
 		if (!ret)
 			die("write error (disk full?)");
-		die("write error (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("write error");
 	}
 	return nn;
 }
@@ -42,17 +42,19 @@ void packet_flush(int fd)
 	safe_write(fd, "0000", 4);
 }
 
+void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	strbuf_add(buf, "0000", 4);
+}
+
 #define hex(a) (hexchar[(a) & 15])
-void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
+static char buffer[1000];
+static unsigned format_packet(const char *fmt, va_list args)
 {
-	static char buffer[1000];
 	static char hexchar[] = "0123456789abcdef";
-	va_list args;
 	unsigned n;
 
-	va_start(args, fmt);
 	n = vsnprintf(buffer + 4, sizeof(buffer) - 4, fmt, args);
-	va_end(args);
 	if (n >= sizeof(buffer)-4)
 		die("protocol error: impossibly long line");
 	n += 4;
@@ -60,27 +62,45 @@ void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
 	buffer[1] = hex(n >> 8);
 	buffer[2] = hex(n >> 4);
 	buffer[3] = hex(n);
+	return n;
+}
+
+void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	unsigned n;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	n = format_packet(fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
 	safe_write(fd, buffer, n);
 }
 
+void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	unsigned n;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	n = format_packet(fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	strbuf_add(buf, buffer, n);
+}
+
 static void safe_read(int fd, void *buffer, unsigned size)
 {
 	ssize_t ret = read_in_full(fd, buffer, size);
 	if (ret < 0)
-		die("read error (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("read error");
 	else if (ret < size)
 		die("The remote end hung up unexpectedly");
 }
 
-int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
+static int packet_length(const char *linelen)
 {
 	int n;
-	unsigned len;
-	char linelen[4];
+	int len = 0;
 
-	safe_read(fd, linelen, 4);
-
-	len = 0;
 	for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) {
 		unsigned char c = linelen[n];
 		len <<= 4;
@@ -96,8 +116,20 @@ int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
 			len += c - 'A' + 10;
 			continue;
 		}
-		die("protocol error: bad line length character");
+		return -1;
 	}
+	return len;
+}
+
+int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
+{
+	int len;
+	char linelen[4];
+
+	safe_read(fd, linelen, 4);
+	len = packet_length(linelen);
+	if (len < 0)
+		die("protocol error: bad line length character: %.4s", linelen);
 	if (!len)
 		return 0;
 	len -= 4;
@@ -107,3 +139,31 @@ int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
 	buffer[len] = 0;
 	return len;
 }
+
+int packet_get_line(struct strbuf *out,
+	char **src_buf, size_t *src_len)
+{
+	int len;
+
+	if (*src_len < 4)
+		return -1;
+	len = packet_length(*src_buf);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (!len) {
+		*src_buf += 4;
+		*src_len -= 4;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (*src_len < len)
+		return -2;
+
+	*src_buf += 4;
+	*src_len -= 4;
+	len -= 4;
+
+	strbuf_add(out, *src_buf, len);
+	*src_buf += len;
+	*src_len -= len;
+	return len;
+}
diff --git a/pkt-line.h b/pkt-line.h
index 9df653f6f..1e5dcfe87 100644
--- a/pkt-line.h
+++ b/pkt-line.h
@@ -2,14 +2,18 @@
 #define PKTLINE_H
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 /*
  * Silly packetized line writing interface
  */
 void packet_flush(int fd);
 void packet_write(int fd, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
+void packet_buf_flush(struct strbuf *buf);
+void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 
 int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size);
+int packet_get_line(struct strbuf *out, char **src_buf, size_t *src_len);
 ssize_t safe_write(int, const void *, ssize_t);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/preload-index.c b/preload-index.c
index a6855837a..92899333c 100644
--- a/preload-index.c
+++ b/preload-index.c
@@ -2,6 +2,14 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2008 Linus Torvalds
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+static void preload_index(struct index_state *index, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	; /* nothing */
+}
+#else
+
 #include <pthread.h>
 
 /*
@@ -26,7 +34,9 @@ static void *preload_thread(void *_data)
 	struct thread_data *p = _data;
 	struct index_state *index = p->index;
 	struct cache_entry **cep = index->cache + p->offset;
+	struct cache_def cache;
 
+	memset(&cache, 0, sizeof(cache));
 	nr = p->nr;
 	if (nr + p->offset > index->cache_nr)
 		nr = index->cache_nr - p->offset;
@@ -41,6 +51,8 @@ static void *preload_thread(void *_data)
 			continue;
 		if (!ce_path_match(ce, p->pathspec))
 			continue;
+		if (threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(&cache, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
+			continue;
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st))
 			continue;
 		if (ie_match_stat(index, ce, &st, CE_MATCH_RACY_IS_DIRTY))
@@ -64,7 +76,7 @@ static void preload_index(struct index_state *index, const char **pathspec)
 	if (threads > MAX_PARALLEL)
 		threads = MAX_PARALLEL;
 	offset = 0;
-	work = (index->cache_nr + threads - 1) / threads;
+	work = DIV_ROUND_UP(index->cache_nr, threads);
 	for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) {
 		struct thread_data *p = data+i;
 		p->index = index;
@@ -81,6 +93,7 @@ static void preload_index(struct index_state *index, const char **pathspec)
 			die("unable to join threaded lstat");
 	}
 }
+#endif
 
 int read_index_preload(struct index_state *index, const char **pathspec)
 {
diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
index f6ff31264..b2ee7fe9d 100644
--- a/pretty.c
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -6,9 +6,21 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
+#include "notes.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "reflog-walk.h"
 
 static char *user_format;
 
+static void save_user_format(struct rev_info *rev, const char *cp, int is_tformat)
+{
+	free(user_format);
+	user_format = xstrdup(cp);
+	if (is_tformat)
+		rev->use_terminator = 1;
+	rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
+}
+
 void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -32,12 +44,7 @@ void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *rev)
 		return;
 	}
 	if (!prefixcmp(arg, "format:") || !prefixcmp(arg, "tformat:")) {
-		const char *cp = strchr(arg, ':') + 1;
-		free(user_format);
-		user_format = xstrdup(cp);
-		if (arg[0] == 't')
-			rev->use_terminator = 1;
-		rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT;
+		save_user_format(rev, strchr(arg, ':') + 1, arg[0] == 't');
 		return;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cmt_fmts); i++) {
@@ -49,6 +56,10 @@ void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *rev)
 			return;
 		}
 	}
+	if (strchr(arg, '%')) {
+		save_user_format(rev, arg, 1);
+		return;
+	}
 
 	die("invalid --pretty format: %s", arg);
 }
@@ -74,8 +85,19 @@ static int get_one_line(const char *msg)
 /* High bit set, or ISO-2022-INT */
 int non_ascii(int ch)
 {
-	ch = (ch & 0xff);
-	return ((ch & 0x80) || (ch == 0x1b));
+	return !isascii(ch) || ch == '\033';
+}
+
+int has_non_ascii(const char *s)
+{
+	int ch;
+	if (!s)
+		return 0;
+	while ((ch = *s++) != '\0') {
+		if (non_ascii(ch))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch)
@@ -127,7 +149,6 @@ void pp_user_info(const char *what, enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
 	int namelen;
 	unsigned long time;
 	int tz;
-	const char *filler = "    ";
 
 	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 		return;
@@ -146,7 +167,6 @@ void pp_user_info(const char *what, enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
 		while (line < name_tail && isspace(name_tail[-1]))
 			name_tail--;
 		display_name_length = name_tail - line;
-		filler = "";
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, "From: ");
 		add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length, encoding);
 		strbuf_add(sb, name_tail, namelen - display_name_length);
@@ -154,7 +174,7 @@ void pp_user_info(const char *what, enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
 	} else {
 		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s: %.*s%.*s\n", what,
 			      (fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER) ? 4 : 0,
-			      filler, namelen, line);
+			      "    ", namelen, line);
 	}
 	switch (fmt) {
 	case CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM:
@@ -181,6 +201,20 @@ static int is_empty_line(const char *line, int *len_p)
 	return !len;
 }
 
+static const char *skip_empty_lines(const char *msg)
+{
+	for (;;) {
+		int linelen = get_one_line(msg);
+		int ll = linelen;
+		if (!linelen)
+			break;
+		if (!is_empty_line(msg, &ll))
+			break;
+		msg += linelen;
+	}
+	return msg;
+}
+
 static void add_merge_info(enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
 			const struct commit *commit, int abbrev)
 {
@@ -195,15 +229,13 @@ static void add_merge_info(enum cmit_fmt fmt, struct strbuf *sb,
 	while (parent) {
 		struct commit *p = parent->item;
 		const char *hex = NULL;
-		const char *dots;
 		if (abbrev)
 			hex = find_unique_abbrev(p->object.sha1, abbrev);
 		if (!hex)
 			hex = sha1_to_hex(p->object.sha1);
-		dots = (abbrev && strlen(hex) != 40) ?  "..." : "";
 		parent = parent->next;
 
-		strbuf_addf(sb, " %s%s", hex, dots);
+		strbuf_addf(sb, " %s", hex);
 	}
 	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
@@ -266,7 +298,7 @@ static char *replace_encoding_header(char *buf, const char *encoding)
 static char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
 			     const char *output_encoding)
 {
-	static const char *utf8 = "utf-8";
+	static const char *utf8 = "UTF-8";
 	const char *use_encoding;
 	char *encoding;
 	char *out;
@@ -290,23 +322,14 @@ static char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
 	return out;
 }
 
-static int mailmap_name(struct strbuf *sb, const char *email)
+static int mailmap_name(char *email, int email_len, char *name, int name_len)
 {
 	static struct string_list *mail_map;
-	char buffer[1024];
-
 	if (!mail_map) {
 		mail_map = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*mail_map));
-		read_mailmap(mail_map, ".mailmap", NULL);
+		read_mailmap(mail_map, NULL);
 	}
-
-	if (!mail_map->nr)
-		return -1;
-
-	if (!map_email(mail_map, email, buffer, sizeof(buffer)))
-		return -1;
-	strbuf_addstr(sb, buffer);
-	return 0;
+	return mail_map->nr && map_user(mail_map, email, email_len, name, name_len);
 }
 
 static size_t format_person_part(struct strbuf *sb, char part,
@@ -317,6 +340,9 @@ static size_t format_person_part(struct strbuf *sb, char part,
 	int start, end, tz = 0;
 	unsigned long date = 0;
 	char *ep;
+	const char *name_start, *name_end, *mail_start, *mail_end, *msg_end = msg+len;
+	char person_name[1024];
+	char person_mail[1024];
 
 	/* advance 'end' to point to email start delimiter */
 	for (end = 0; end < len && msg[end] != '<'; end++)
@@ -330,25 +356,34 @@ static size_t format_person_part(struct strbuf *sb, char part,
 	if (end >= len - 2)
 		goto skip;
 
+	/* Seek for both name and email part */
+	name_start = msg;
+	name_end = msg+end;
+	while (name_end > name_start && isspace(*(name_end-1)))
+		name_end--;
+	mail_start = msg+end+1;
+	mail_end = mail_start;
+	while (mail_end < msg_end && *mail_end != '>')
+		mail_end++;
+	if (mail_end == msg_end)
+		goto skip;
+	end = mail_end-msg;
+
+	if (part == 'N' || part == 'E') { /* mailmap lookup */
+		strlcpy(person_name, name_start, name_end-name_start+1);
+		strlcpy(person_mail, mail_start, mail_end-mail_start+1);
+		mailmap_name(person_mail, sizeof(person_mail), person_name, sizeof(person_name));
+		name_start = person_name;
+		name_end = name_start + strlen(person_name);
+		mail_start = person_mail;
+		mail_end = mail_start +  strlen(person_mail);
+	}
 	if (part == 'n' || part == 'N') {	/* name */
-		while (end > 0 && isspace(msg[end - 1]))
-			end--;
-		if (part != 'N' || !msg[end] || !msg[end + 1] ||
-		    mailmap_name(sb, msg + end + 2) < 0)
-			strbuf_add(sb, msg, end);
+		strbuf_add(sb, name_start, name_end-name_start);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
-	start = ++end; /* save email start position */
-
-	/* advance 'end' to point to email end delimiter */
-	for ( ; end < len && msg[end] != '>'; end++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-
-	if (end >= len)
-		goto skip;
-
-	if (part == 'e') {	/* email */
-		strbuf_add(sb, msg + start, end - start);
+	if (part == 'e' || part == 'E') {	/* email */
+		strbuf_add(sb, mail_start, mail_end-mail_start);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 
@@ -409,20 +444,24 @@ struct chunk {
 
 struct format_commit_context {
 	const struct commit *commit;
-	enum date_mode dmode;
+	const struct pretty_print_context *pretty_ctx;
+	unsigned commit_header_parsed:1;
+	unsigned commit_message_parsed:1;
+	size_t width, indent1, indent2;
 
 	/* These offsets are relative to the start of the commit message. */
-	int commit_header_parsed;
-	struct chunk subject;
 	struct chunk author;
 	struct chunk committer;
 	struct chunk encoding;
+	size_t message_off;
+	size_t subject_off;
 	size_t body_off;
 
 	/* The following ones are relative to the result struct strbuf. */
 	struct chunk abbrev_commit_hash;
 	struct chunk abbrev_tree_hash;
 	struct chunk abbrev_parent_hashes;
+	size_t wrap_start;
 };
 
 static int add_again(struct strbuf *sb, struct chunk *chunk)
@@ -446,23 +485,14 @@ static void parse_commit_header(struct format_commit_context *context)
 {
 	const char *msg = context->commit->buffer;
 	int i;
-	enum { HEADER, SUBJECT, BODY } state;
 
-	for (i = 0, state = HEADER; msg[i] && state < BODY; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; msg[i]; i++) {
 		int eol;
 		for (eol = i; msg[eol] && msg[eol] != '\n'; eol++)
 			; /* do nothing */
 
-		if (state == SUBJECT) {
-			context->subject.off = i;
-			context->subject.len = eol - i;
-			i = eol;
-		}
 		if (i == eol) {
-			state++;
-			/* strip empty lines */
-			while (msg[eol] == '\n' && msg[eol + 1] == '\n')
-				eol++;
+			break;
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(msg + i, "author ")) {
 			context->author.off = i + 7;
 			context->author.len = eol - i - 7;
@@ -474,19 +504,90 @@ static void parse_commit_header(struct format_commit_context *context)
 			context->encoding.len = eol - i - 9;
 		}
 		i = eol;
-		if (!msg[i])
-			break;
 	}
-	context->body_off = i;
+	context->message_off = i;
 	context->commit_header_parsed = 1;
 }
 
+static int istitlechar(char c)
+{
+	return (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
+		(c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.' || c == '_';
+}
+
+static void format_sanitized_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg)
+{
+	size_t trimlen;
+	size_t start_len = sb->len;
+	int space = 2;
+
+	for (; *msg && *msg != '\n'; msg++) {
+		if (istitlechar(*msg)) {
+			if (space == 1)
+				strbuf_addch(sb, '-');
+			space = 0;
+			strbuf_addch(sb, *msg);
+			if (*msg == '.')
+				while (*(msg+1) == '.')
+					msg++;
+		} else
+			space |= 1;
+	}
+
+	/* trim any trailing '.' or '-' characters */
+	trimlen = 0;
+	while (sb->len - trimlen > start_len &&
+		(sb->buf[sb->len - 1 - trimlen] == '.'
+		|| sb->buf[sb->len - 1 - trimlen] == '-'))
+		trimlen++;
+	strbuf_remove(sb, sb->len - trimlen, trimlen);
+}
+
+const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
+			   const char *line_separator)
+{
+	int first = 1;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		const char *line = msg;
+		int linelen = get_one_line(line);
+
+		msg += linelen;
+		if (!linelen || is_empty_line(line, &linelen))
+			break;
+
+		if (!sb)
+			continue;
+		strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 2);
+		if (!first)
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, line_separator);
+		strbuf_add(sb, line, linelen);
+		first = 0;
+	}
+	return msg;
+}
+
+static void parse_commit_message(struct format_commit_context *c)
+{
+	const char *msg = c->commit->buffer + c->message_off;
+	const char *start = c->commit->buffer;
+
+	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+	c->subject_off = msg - start;
+
+	msg = format_subject(NULL, msg, NULL);
+	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
+	c->body_off = msg - start;
+
+	c->commit_message_parsed = 1;
+}
+
 static void format_decoration(struct strbuf *sb, const struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct name_decoration *d;
 	const char *prefix = " (";
 
-	load_ref_decorations();
+	load_ref_decorations(DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
 	d = lookup_decoration(&name_decoration, &commit->object);
 	while (d) {
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, prefix);
@@ -498,8 +599,37 @@ static void format_decoration(struct strbuf *sb, const struct commit *commit)
 		strbuf_addch(sb, ')');
 }
 
-static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
-                               void *context)
+static void strbuf_wrap(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos,
+			size_t width, size_t indent1, size_t indent2)
+{
+	struct strbuf tmp = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (pos)
+		strbuf_add(&tmp, sb->buf, pos);
+	strbuf_add_wrapped_text(&tmp, sb->buf + pos,
+				(int) indent1, (int) indent2, (int) width);
+	strbuf_swap(&tmp, sb);
+	strbuf_release(&tmp);
+}
+
+static void rewrap_message_tail(struct strbuf *sb,
+				struct format_commit_context *c,
+				size_t new_width, size_t new_indent1,
+				size_t new_indent2)
+{
+	if (c->width == new_width && c->indent1 == new_indent1 &&
+	    c->indent2 == new_indent2)
+		return;
+	if (c->wrap_start < sb->len)
+		strbuf_wrap(sb, c->wrap_start, c->width, c->indent1, c->indent2);
+	c->wrap_start = sb->len;
+	c->width = new_width;
+	c->indent1 = new_indent1;
+	c->indent2 = new_indent2;
+}
+
+static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
+				void *context)
 {
 	struct format_commit_context *c = context;
 	const struct commit *commit = c->commit;
@@ -510,17 +640,28 @@ static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 	/* these are independent of the commit */
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'C':
+		if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
+			const char *end = strchr(placeholder + 2, ')');
+			char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+			if (!end)
+				return 0;
+			color_parse_mem(placeholder + 2,
+					end - (placeholder + 2),
+					"--pretty format", color);
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, color);
+			return end - placeholder + 1;
+		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "red")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\033[31m");
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RED);
 			return 4;
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "green")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\033[32m");
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_GREEN);
 			return 6;
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "blue")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\033[34m");
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_BLUE);
 			return 5;
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(placeholder + 1, "reset")) {
-			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\033[m");
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, GIT_COLOR_RESET);
 			return 6;
 		} else
 			return 0;
@@ -537,6 +678,30 @@ static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 			return 3;
 		} else
 			return 0;
+	case 'w':
+		if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
+			unsigned long width = 0, indent1 = 0, indent2 = 0;
+			char *next;
+			const char *start = placeholder + 2;
+			const char *end = strchr(start, ')');
+			if (!end)
+				return 0;
+			if (end > start) {
+				width = strtoul(start, &next, 10);
+				if (*next == ',') {
+					indent1 = strtoul(next + 1, &next, 10);
+					if (*next == ',') {
+						indent2 = strtoul(next + 1,
+								 &next, 10);
+					}
+				}
+				if (*next != ')')
+					return 0;
+			}
+			rewrap_message_tail(sb, c, width, indent1, indent2);
+			return end - placeholder + 1;
+		} else
+			return 0;
 	}
 
 	/* these depend on the commit */
@@ -593,6 +758,26 @@ static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 	case 'd':
 		format_decoration(sb, commit);
 		return 1;
+	case 'g':		/* reflog info */
+		switch(placeholder[1]) {
+		case 'd':	/* reflog selector */
+		case 'D':
+			if (c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info)
+				get_reflog_selector(sb,
+						    c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info,
+						    c->pretty_ctx->date_mode,
+						    (placeholder[1] == 'd'));
+			return 2;
+		case 's':	/* reflog message */
+			if (c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info)
+				get_reflog_message(sb, c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info);
+			return 2;
+		}
+		return 0;	/* unknown %g placeholder */
+	case 'N':
+		get_commit_notes(commit, sb, git_log_output_encoding ?
+			     git_log_output_encoding : git_commit_encoding, 0);
+		return 1;
 	}
 
 	/* For the rest we have to parse the commit header. */
@@ -600,20 +785,30 @@ static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 		parse_commit_header(c);
 
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
-	case 's':	/* subject */
-		strbuf_add(sb, msg + c->subject.off, c->subject.len);
-		return 1;
 	case 'a':	/* author ... */
 		return format_person_part(sb, placeholder[1],
 				   msg + c->author.off, c->author.len,
-				   c->dmode);
+				   c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
 	case 'c':	/* committer ... */
 		return format_person_part(sb, placeholder[1],
 				   msg + c->committer.off, c->committer.len,
-				   c->dmode);
+				   c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
 	case 'e':	/* encoding */
 		strbuf_add(sb, msg + c->encoding.off, c->encoding.len);
 		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Now we need to parse the commit message. */
+	if (!c->commit_message_parsed)
+		parse_commit_message(c);
+
+	switch (placeholder[0]) {
+	case 's':	/* subject */
+		format_subject(sb, msg + c->subject_off, " ");
+		return 1;
+	case 'f':	/* sanitized subject */
+		format_sanitized_subject(sb, msg + c->subject_off);
+		return 1;
 	case 'b':	/* body */
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, msg + c->body_off);
 		return 1;
@@ -621,16 +816,56 @@ static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 	return 0;	/* unknown placeholder */
 }
 
+static size_t format_commit_item(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
+				 void *context)
+{
+	int consumed;
+	size_t orig_len;
+	enum {
+		NO_MAGIC,
+		ADD_LF_BEFORE_NON_EMPTY,
+		DEL_LF_BEFORE_EMPTY,
+	} magic = NO_MAGIC;
+
+	switch (placeholder[0]) {
+	case '-':
+		magic = DEL_LF_BEFORE_EMPTY;
+		break;
+	case '+':
+		magic = ADD_LF_BEFORE_NON_EMPTY;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	if (magic != NO_MAGIC)
+		placeholder++;
+
+	orig_len = sb->len;
+	consumed = format_commit_one(sb, placeholder, context);
+	if (magic == NO_MAGIC)
+		return consumed;
+
+	if ((orig_len == sb->len) && magic == DEL_LF_BEFORE_EMPTY) {
+		while (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len - 1);
+	} else if ((orig_len != sb->len) && magic == ADD_LF_BEFORE_NON_EMPTY) {
+		strbuf_insert(sb, orig_len, "\n", 1);
+	}
+	return consumed + 1;
+}
+
 void format_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
-			   const void *format, struct strbuf *sb,
-			   enum date_mode dmode)
+			   const char *format, struct strbuf *sb,
+			   const struct pretty_print_context *pretty_ctx)
 {
 	struct format_commit_context context;
 
 	memset(&context, 0, sizeof(context));
 	context.commit = commit;
-	context.dmode = dmode;
+	context.pretty_ctx = pretty_ctx;
+	context.wrap_start = sb->len;
 	strbuf_expand(sb, format, format_commit_item, &context);
+	rewrap_message_tail(sb, &context, 0, 0, 0);
 }
 
 static void pp_header(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
@@ -704,27 +939,11 @@ void pp_title_line(enum cmit_fmt fmt,
 		   const char *encoding,
 		   int need_8bit_cte)
 {
+	const char *line_separator = (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) ? "\n " : " ";
 	struct strbuf title;
 
 	strbuf_init(&title, 80);
-
-	for (;;) {
-		const char *line = *msg_p;
-		int linelen = get_one_line(line);
-
-		*msg_p += linelen;
-		if (!linelen || is_empty_line(line, &linelen))
-			break;
-
-		strbuf_grow(&title, linelen + 2);
-		if (title.len) {
-			if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
-				strbuf_addch(&title, '\n');
-			}
-			strbuf_addch(&title, ' ');
-		}
-		strbuf_add(&title, line, linelen);
-	}
+	*msg_p = format_subject(&title, *msg_p, line_separator);
 
 	strbuf_grow(sb, title.len + 1024);
 	if (subject) {
@@ -791,25 +1010,25 @@ char *reencode_commit_message(const struct commit *commit, const char **encoding
 		    ? git_log_output_encoding
 		    : git_commit_encoding);
 	if (!encoding)
-		encoding = "utf-8";
+		encoding = "UTF-8";
 	if (encoding_p)
 		*encoding_p = encoding;
 	return logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
 }
 
 void pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
-			 struct strbuf *sb, int abbrev,
-			 const char *subject, const char *after_subject,
-			 enum date_mode dmode, int need_8bit_cte)
+			 struct strbuf *sb,
+			 const struct pretty_print_context *context)
 {
 	unsigned long beginning_of_body;
 	int indent = 4;
 	const char *msg = commit->buffer;
 	char *reencoded;
 	const char *encoding;
+	int need_8bit_cte = context->need_8bit_cte;
 
 	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) {
-		format_commit_message(commit, user_format, sb, dmode);
+		format_commit_message(commit, user_format, sb, context);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -844,26 +1063,19 @@ void pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
 		}
 	}
 
-	pp_header(fmt, abbrev, dmode, encoding, commit, &msg, sb);
-	if (fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE && !subject) {
+	pp_header(fmt, context->abbrev, context->date_mode, encoding,
+		  commit, &msg, sb);
+	if (fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE && !context->subject) {
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 	}
 
 	/* Skip excess blank lines at the beginning of body, if any... */
-	for (;;) {
-		int linelen = get_one_line(msg);
-		int ll = linelen;
-		if (!linelen)
-			break;
-		if (!is_empty_line(msg, &ll))
-			break;
-		msg += linelen;
-	}
+	msg = skip_empty_lines(msg);
 
 	/* These formats treat the title line specially. */
 	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
-		pp_title_line(fmt, &msg, sb, subject,
-			      after_subject, encoding, need_8bit_cte);
+		pp_title_line(fmt, &msg, sb, context->subject,
+			      context->after_subject, encoding, need_8bit_cte);
 
 	beginning_of_body = sb->len;
 	if (fmt != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
@@ -881,5 +1093,10 @@ void pretty_print_commit(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
 	 */
 	if (fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && sb->len <= beginning_of_body)
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+
+	if (context->show_notes)
+		get_commit_notes(commit, sb, encoding,
+				 NOTES_SHOW_HEADER | NOTES_INDENT);
+
 	free(reencoded);
 }
diff --git a/progress.c b/progress.c
index 55a8687ad..3971f49f4 100644
--- a/progress.c
+++ b/progress.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * Simple text-based progress display module for GIT
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2007 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 by Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
@@ -121,17 +121,23 @@ static void throughput_string(struct throughput *tp, off_t total,
 			      (int)(total >> 30),
 			      (int)(total & ((1 << 30) - 1)) / 10737419);
 	} else if (total > 1 << 20) {
+		int x = total + 5243;  /* for rounding */
 		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u MiB",
-			      (int)(total >> 20),
-			      ((int)(total & ((1 << 20) - 1)) * 100) >> 20);
+			      x >> 20, ((x & ((1 << 20) - 1)) * 100) >> 20);
 	} else if (total > 1 << 10) {
+		int x = total + 5;  /* for rounding */
 		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u.%2.2u KiB",
-			      (int)(total >> 10),
-			      ((int)(total & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
+			      x >> 10, ((x & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
 	} else {
 		l -= snprintf(tp->display, l, ", %u bytes", (int)total);
 	}
-	if (rate)
+
+	if (rate > 1 << 10) {
+		int x = rate + 5;  /* for rounding */
+		snprintf(tp->display + sizeof(tp->display) - l, l,
+			 " | %u.%2.2u MiB/s",
+			 x >> 10, ((x & ((1 << 10) - 1)) * 100) >> 10);
+	} else if (rate)
 		snprintf(tp->display + sizeof(tp->display) - l, l,
 			 " | %u KiB/s", rate);
 }
diff --git a/quote.c b/quote.c
index 6a520855d..848d174cc 100644
--- a/quote.c
+++ b/quote.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *dst, const char** argv, size_t maxlen)
 	}
 }
 
-char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
+char *sq_dequote_step(char *arg, char **next)
 {
 	char *dst = arg;
 	char *src = arg;
@@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
 		switch (*++src) {
 		case '\0':
 			*dst = 0;
+			if (next)
+				*next = NULL;
 			return arg;
 		case '\\':
 			c = *++src;
@@ -101,11 +103,40 @@ char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
 			}
 		/* Fallthrough */
 		default:
-			return NULL;
+			if (!next || !isspace(*src))
+				return NULL;
+			do {
+				c = *++src;
+			} while (isspace(c));
+			*dst = 0;
+			*next = src;
+			return arg;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+char *sq_dequote(char *arg)
+{
+	return sq_dequote_step(arg, NULL);
+}
+
+int sq_dequote_to_argv(char *arg, const char ***argv, int *nr, int *alloc)
+{
+	char *next = arg;
+
+	if (!*arg)
+		return 0;
+	do {
+		char *dequoted = sq_dequote_step(next, &next);
+		if (!dequoted)
+			return -1;
+		ALLOC_GROW(*argv, *nr + 1, *alloc);
+		(*argv)[(*nr)++] = dequoted;
+	} while (next);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /* 1 means: quote as octal
  * 0 means: quote as octal if (quote_path_fully)
  * -1 means: never quote
@@ -241,8 +272,8 @@ void write_name_quoted(const char *name, FILE *fp, int terminator)
 	fputc(terminator, fp);
 }
 
-extern void write_name_quotedpfx(const char *pfx, size_t pfxlen,
-                                 const char *name, FILE *fp, int terminator)
+void write_name_quotedpfx(const char *pfx, size_t pfxlen,
+			  const char *name, FILE *fp, int terminator)
 {
 	int needquote = 0;
 
diff --git a/quote.h b/quote.h
index c5eea6f18..66730f2bf 100644
--- a/quote.h
+++ b/quote.h
@@ -39,6 +39,15 @@ extern void sq_quote_argv(struct strbuf *, const char **argv, size_t maxlen);
  */
 extern char *sq_dequote(char *);
 
+/*
+ * Same as the above, but can be used to unwrap many arguments in the
+ * same string separated by space. "next" is changed to point to the
+ * next argument that should be passed as first parameter. When there
+ * is no more argument to be dequoted, "next" is updated to point to NULL.
+ */
+extern char *sq_dequote_step(char *arg, char **next);
+extern int sq_dequote_to_argv(char *arg, const char ***argv, int *nr, int *alloc);
+
 extern int unquote_c_style(struct strbuf *, const char *quoted, const char **endp);
 extern size_t quote_c_style(const char *name, struct strbuf *, FILE *, int no_dq);
 extern void quote_two_c_style(struct strbuf *, const char *, const char *, int);
diff --git a/reachable.c b/reachable.c
index 3b1c18ff9..b515fa2de 100644
--- a/reachable.c
+++ b/reachable.c
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ static void process_tree(struct tree *tree,
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
 	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
-	name = xstrdup(name);
 	add_object(obj, p, path, name);
 	me.up = path;
 	me.elem = name;
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index 22a814311..9033dd3ab 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -67,8 +67,10 @@ void rename_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int nr, const char *new_n
  */
 void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
-	ce->ce_ctime = st->st_ctime;
-	ce->ce_mtime = st->st_mtime;
+	ce->ce_ctime.sec = (unsigned int)st->st_ctime;
+	ce->ce_mtime.sec = (unsigned int)st->st_mtime;
+	ce->ce_ctime.nsec = ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st);
+	ce->ce_mtime.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st);
 	ce->ce_dev = st->st_dev;
 	ce->ce_ino = st->st_ino;
 	ce->ce_uid = st->st_uid;
@@ -99,27 +101,21 @@ static int ce_compare_data(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 static int ce_compare_link(struct cache_entry *ce, size_t expected_size)
 {
 	int match = -1;
-	char *target;
 	void *buffer;
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
-	int len;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	target = xmalloc(expected_size);
-	len = readlink(ce->name, target, expected_size);
-	if (len != expected_size) {
-		free(target);
+	if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, ce->name, expected_size))
 		return -1;
-	}
+
 	buffer = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &size);
-	if (!buffer) {
-		free(target);
-		return -1;
+	if (buffer) {
+		if (size == sb.len)
+			match = memcmp(buffer, sb.buf, size);
+		free(buffer);
 	}
-	if (size == expected_size)
-		match = memcmp(buffer, target, size);
-	free(buffer);
-	free(target);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 	return match;
 }
 
@@ -202,11 +198,18 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 	default:
 		die("internal error: ce_mode is %o", ce->ce_mode);
 	}
-	if (ce->ce_mtime != (unsigned int) st->st_mtime)
+	if (ce->ce_mtime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_mtime)
 		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime != (unsigned int) st->st_ctime)
+	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime)
 		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
 
+#ifdef USE_NSEC
+	if (ce->ce_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st))
+		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
+	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st))
+		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
+#endif
+
 	if (ce->ce_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||
 	    ce->ce_gid != (unsigned int) st->st_gid)
 		changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
@@ -238,8 +241,16 @@ static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 static int is_racy_timestamp(const struct index_state *istate, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	return (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
-		istate->timestamp &&
-		((unsigned int)istate->timestamp) <= ce->ce_mtime);
+		istate->timestamp.sec &&
+#ifdef USE_NSEC
+		 /* nanosecond timestamped files can also be racy! */
+		(istate->timestamp.sec < ce->ce_mtime.sec ||
+		 (istate->timestamp.sec == ce->ce_mtime.sec &&
+		  istate->timestamp.nsec <= ce->ce_mtime.nsec))
+#else
+		istate->timestamp.sec <= ce->ce_mtime.sec
+#endif
+		 );
 }
 
 int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
@@ -257,6 +268,14 @@ int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *istate,
 	if (!ignore_valid && (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID))
 		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * Intent-to-add entries have not been added, so the index entry
+	 * by definition never matches what is in the work tree until it
+	 * actually gets added.
+	 */
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
+		return DATA_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED | MODE_CHANGED;
+
 	changed = ce_match_stat_basic(ce, st);
 
 	/*
@@ -441,6 +460,26 @@ int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Remove all cache ententries marked for removal, that is where
+ * CE_REMOVE is set in ce_flags.  This is much more effective than
+ * calling remove_index_entry_at() for each entry to be removed.
+ */
+void remove_marked_cache_entries(struct index_state *istate)
+{
+	struct cache_entry **ce_array = istate->cache;
+	unsigned int i, j;
+
+	for (i = j = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		if (ce_array[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
+			remove_name_hash(ce_array[i]);
+		else
+			ce_array[j++] = ce_array[i];
+	}
+	istate->cache_changed = 1;
+	istate->cache_nr = j;
+}
+
 int remove_file_from_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
 	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, strlen(path));
@@ -546,6 +585,8 @@ int add_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, struct stat *st,
 	ce->ce_flags = namelen;
 	if (!intent_only)
 		fill_stat_cache_info(ce, st);
+	else
+		ce->ce_flags |= CE_INTENT_TO_ADD;
 
 	if (trust_executable_bit && has_symlinks)
 		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(st_mode);
@@ -597,7 +638,7 @@ int add_file_to_index(struct index_state *istate, const char *path, int flags)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	if (lstat(path, &st))
-		die("%s: unable to stat (%s)", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("unable to stat '%s'", path);
 	return add_to_index(istate, path, &st, flags);
 }
 
@@ -1024,7 +1065,18 @@ static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
 	return updated;
 }
 
-int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec, char *seen)
+static void show_file(const char * fmt, const char * name, int in_porcelain,
+		      int * first, char *header_msg)
+{
+	if (in_porcelain && *first && header_msg) {
+		printf("%s\n", header_msg);
+		*first=0;
+	}
+	printf(fmt, name);
+}
+
+int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags, const char **pathspec,
+		  char *seen, char *header_msg)
 {
 	int i;
 	int has_errors = 0;
@@ -1033,11 +1085,14 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags, const char **p
 	int quiet = (flags & REFRESH_QUIET) != 0;
 	int not_new = (flags & REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING) != 0;
 	int ignore_submodules = (flags & REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES) != 0;
+	int first = 1;
+	int in_porcelain = (flags & REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 	unsigned int options = really ? CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID : 0;
-	const char *needs_update_message;
+	const char *needs_update_fmt;
+	const char *needs_merge_fmt;
 
-	needs_update_message = ((flags & REFRESH_SAY_CHANGED)
-				? "locally modified" : "needs update");
+	needs_update_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "M\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n");
+	needs_merge_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "U\t%s\n" : "%s: needs merge\n");
 	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce, *new;
 		int cache_errno = 0;
@@ -1053,7 +1108,7 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags, const char **p
 			i--;
 			if (allow_unmerged)
 				continue;
-			printf("%s: needs merge\n", ce->name);
+			show_file(needs_merge_fmt, ce->name, in_porcelain, &first, header_msg);
 			has_errors = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1076,7 +1131,7 @@ int refresh_index(struct index_state *istate, unsigned int flags, const char **p
 			}
 			if (quiet)
 				continue;
-			printf("%s: %s\n", ce->name, needs_update_message);
+			show_file(needs_update_fmt, ce->name, in_porcelain, &first, header_msg);
 			has_errors = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1098,7 +1153,7 @@ static int verify_hdr(struct cache_header *hdr, unsigned long size)
 
 	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE))
 		return error("bad signature");
-	if (hdr->hdr_version != htonl(2))
+	if (hdr->hdr_version != htonl(2) && hdr->hdr_version != htonl(3))
 		return error("bad index version");
 	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
 	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, size - 20);
@@ -1133,9 +1188,12 @@ int read_index(struct index_state *istate)
 static void convert_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	size_t len;
+	const char *name;
 
-	ce->ce_ctime = ntohl(ondisk->ctime.sec);
-	ce->ce_mtime = ntohl(ondisk->mtime.sec);
+	ce->ce_ctime.sec = ntohl(ondisk->ctime.sec);
+	ce->ce_mtime.sec = ntohl(ondisk->mtime.sec);
+	ce->ce_ctime.nsec = ntohl(ondisk->ctime.nsec);
+	ce->ce_mtime.nsec = ntohl(ondisk->mtime.nsec);
 	ce->ce_dev   = ntohl(ondisk->dev);
 	ce->ce_ino   = ntohl(ondisk->ino);
 	ce->ce_mode  = ntohl(ondisk->mode);
@@ -1145,19 +1203,31 @@ static void convert_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk, struct cache_en
 	/* On-disk flags are just 16 bits */
 	ce->ce_flags = ntohs(ondisk->flags);
 
-	/* For future extension: we do not understand this entry yet */
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED)
-		die("Unknown index entry format");
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, ondisk->sha1);
 
 	len = ce->ce_flags & CE_NAMEMASK;
+
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
+		struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *ondisk2;
+		int extended_flags;
+		ondisk2 = (struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *)ondisk;
+		extended_flags = ntohs(ondisk2->flags2) << 16;
+		/* We do not yet understand any bit out of CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS */
+		if (extended_flags & ~CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS)
+			die("Unknown index entry format %08x", extended_flags);
+		ce->ce_flags |= extended_flags;
+		name = ondisk2->name;
+	}
+	else
+		name = ondisk->name;
+
 	if (len == CE_NAMEMASK)
-		len = strlen(ondisk->name);
+		len = strlen(name);
 	/*
 	 * NEEDSWORK: If the original index is crafted, this copy could
 	 * go unchecked.
 	 */
-	memcpy(ce->name, ondisk->name, len + 1);
+	memcpy(ce->name, name, len + 1);
 }
 
 static inline size_t estimate_cache_size(size_t ondisk_size, unsigned int entries)
@@ -1189,16 +1259,17 @@ int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 		return istate->cache_nr;
 
 	errno = ENOENT;
-	istate->timestamp = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.sec = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = 0;
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		if (errno == ENOENT)
 			return 0;
-		die("index file open failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("index file open failed");
 	}
 
 	if (fstat(fd, &st))
-		die("cannot stat the open index (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("cannot stat the open index");
 
 	errno = EINVAL;
 	mmap_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
@@ -1208,7 +1279,7 @@ int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 	mmap = xmmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 	close(fd);
 	if (mmap == MAP_FAILED)
-		die("unable to map index file");
+		die_errno("unable to map index file");
 
 	hdr = mmap;
 	if (verify_hdr(hdr, mmap_size) < 0)
@@ -1241,7 +1312,9 @@ int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 		src_offset += ondisk_ce_size(ce);
 		dst_offset += ce_size(ce);
 	}
-	istate->timestamp = st.st_mtime;
+	istate->timestamp.sec = st.st_mtime;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
+
 	while (src_offset <= mmap_size - 20 - 8) {
 		/* After an array of active_nr index entries,
 		 * there can be arbitrary number of extended
@@ -1249,7 +1322,7 @@ int read_index_from(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 		 * extension name (4-byte) and section length
 		 * in 4-byte network byte order.
 		 */
-		unsigned long extsize;
+		uint32_t extsize;
 		memcpy(&extsize, (char *)mmap + src_offset + 4, 4);
 		extsize = ntohl(extsize);
 		if (read_index_extension(istate,
@@ -1271,14 +1344,15 @@ unmap:
 
 int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	return (!istate->cache_nr && !istate->alloc && !istate->timestamp);
+	return (!istate->cache_nr && !istate->alloc && !istate->timestamp.sec);
 }
 
 int discard_index(struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	istate->cache_nr = 0;
 	istate->cache_changed = 0;
-	istate->timestamp = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.sec = 0;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = 0;
 	istate->name_hash_initialized = 0;
 	free_hash(&istate->name_hash);
 	cache_tree_free(&(istate->cache_tree));
@@ -1422,11 +1496,12 @@ static int ce_write_entry(git_SHA_CTX *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	int size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
 	struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk = xcalloc(1, size);
+	char *name;
 
-	ondisk->ctime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_ctime);
-	ondisk->ctime.nsec = 0;
-	ondisk->mtime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_mtime);
-	ondisk->mtime.nsec = 0;
+	ondisk->ctime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_ctime.sec);
+	ondisk->mtime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_mtime.sec);
+	ondisk->ctime.nsec = htonl(ce->ce_ctime.nsec);
+	ondisk->mtime.nsec = htonl(ce->ce_mtime.nsec);
 	ondisk->dev  = htonl(ce->ce_dev);
 	ondisk->ino  = htonl(ce->ce_ino);
 	ondisk->mode = htonl(ce->ce_mode);
@@ -1435,25 +1510,43 @@ static int ce_write_entry(git_SHA_CTX *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce)
 	ondisk->size = htonl(ce->ce_size);
 	hashcpy(ondisk->sha1, ce->sha1);
 	ondisk->flags = htons(ce->ce_flags);
-	memcpy(ondisk->name, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
+	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
+		struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *ondisk2;
+		ondisk2 = (struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *)ondisk;
+		ondisk2->flags2 = htons((ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) >> 16);
+		name = ondisk2->name;
+	}
+	else
+		name = ondisk->name;
+	memcpy(name, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
 
 	return ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
 }
 
-int write_index(const struct index_state *istate, int newfd)
+int write_index(struct index_state *istate, int newfd)
 {
 	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	struct cache_header hdr;
-	int i, err, removed;
+	int i, err, removed, extended;
 	struct cache_entry **cache = istate->cache;
 	int entries = istate->cache_nr;
+	struct stat st;
 
-	for (i = removed = 0; i < entries; i++)
+	for (i = removed = extended = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			removed++;
 
+		/* reduce extended entries if possible */
+		cache[i]->ce_flags &= ~CE_EXTENDED;
+		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) {
+			extended++;
+			cache[i]->ce_flags |= CE_EXTENDED;
+		}
+	}
+
 	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE);
-	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(2);
+	/* for extended format, increase version so older git won't try to read it */
+	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(extended ? 3 : 2);
 	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(entries - removed);
 
 	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
@@ -1481,12 +1574,17 @@ int write_index(const struct index_state *istate, int newfd)
 		if (err)
 			return -1;
 	}
-	return ce_flush(&c, newfd);
+
+	if (ce_flush(&c, newfd) || fstat(newfd, &st))
+		return -1;
+	istate->timestamp.sec = (unsigned int)st.st_mtime;
+	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * Read the index file that is potentially unmerged into given
- * index_state, dropping any unmerged entries.  Returns true is
+ * index_state, dropping any unmerged entries.  Returns true if
  * the index is unmerged.  Callers who want to refuse to work
  * from an unmerged state can call this and check its return value,
  * instead of calling read_cache().
@@ -1539,6 +1637,26 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		default:
 			die("unexpected diff status %c", p->status);
 		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
+			/*
+			 * ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL is unset if "git
+			 * add -u" is calling us, In such a case, a
+			 * missing work tree file needs to be removed
+			 * if there is an unmerged entry at stage #2,
+			 * but such a diff record is followed by
+			 * another with DIFF_STATUS_DELETED (and if
+			 * there is no stage #2, we won't see DELETED
+			 * nor MODIFIED).  We can simply continue
+			 * either way.
+			 */
+			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL))
+				continue;
+			/*
+			 * Otherwise, it is "git add path" is asking
+			 * to explicitly add it; we fall through.  A
+			 * missing work tree file is an error and is
+			 * caught by add_file_to_index() in such a
+			 * case.
+			 */
 		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
 		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
 			if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, path, data->flags)) {
diff --git a/reflog-walk.c b/reflog-walk.c
index f751fdc8d..caba4f743 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.c
+++ b/reflog-walk.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 struct complete_reflogs {
 	char *ref;
+	const char *short_ref;
 	struct reflog_info {
 		unsigned char osha1[20], nsha1[20];
 		char *email;
@@ -241,34 +242,74 @@ void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info, struct commit *commit)
 	commit->object.flags &= ~(ADDED | SEEN | SHOWN);
 }
 
-void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info* info, int oneline,
-	int relative_date)
+void get_reflog_selector(struct strbuf *sb,
+			 struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info,
+			 enum date_mode dmode,
+			 int shorten)
 {
-	if (info && info->last_commit_reflog) {
-		struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = info->last_commit_reflog;
+	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
+	struct reflog_info *info;
+	const char *printed_ref;
+
+	if (!commit_reflog)
+		return;
+
+	if (shorten) {
+		if (!commit_reflog->reflogs->short_ref)
+			commit_reflog->reflogs->short_ref
+				= shorten_unambiguous_ref(commit_reflog->reflogs->ref, 0);
+		printed_ref = commit_reflog->reflogs->short_ref;
+	} else {
+		printed_ref = commit_reflog->reflogs->ref;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addf(sb, "%s@{", printed_ref);
+	if (commit_reflog->flag || dmode) {
+		info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
+		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(info->timestamp, info->tz, dmode));
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%d", commit_reflog->reflogs->nr
+			    - 2 - commit_reflog->recno);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '}');
+}
+
+void get_reflog_message(struct strbuf *sb,
+			struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info)
+{
+	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
+	struct reflog_info *info;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (!commit_reflog)
+		return;
+
+	info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
+	len = strlen(info->message);
+	if (len > 0)
+		len--; /* strip away trailing newline */
+	strbuf_add(sb, info->message, len);
+}
+
+void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info, int oneline,
+	enum date_mode dmode)
+{
+	if (reflog_info && reflog_info->last_commit_reflog) {
+		struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
 		struct reflog_info *info;
+		struct strbuf selector = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
+		get_reflog_selector(&selector, reflog_info, dmode, 0);
 		if (oneline) {
-			printf("%s@{", commit_reflog->reflogs->ref);
-			if (commit_reflog->flag || relative_date)
-				printf("%s", show_date(info->timestamp, 0, 1));
-			else
-				printf("%d", commit_reflog->reflogs->nr
-				       - 2 - commit_reflog->recno);
-			printf("}: %s", info->message);
+			printf("%s: %s", selector.buf, info->message);
 		}
 		else {
-			printf("Reflog: %s@{", commit_reflog->reflogs->ref);
-			if (commit_reflog->flag || relative_date)
-				printf("%s", show_date(info->timestamp,
-							info->tz,
-							relative_date));
-			else
-				printf("%d", commit_reflog->reflogs->nr
-				       - 2 - commit_reflog->recno);
-			printf("} (%s)\nReflog message: %s",
-			       info->email, info->message);
+			printf("Reflog: %s (%s)\nReflog message: %s",
+			       selector.buf, info->email, info->message);
 		}
+
+		strbuf_release(&selector);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/reflog-walk.h b/reflog-walk.h
index 7ca1438f4..7bd2cd4c4 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.h
+++ b/reflog-walk.h
@@ -1,11 +1,22 @@
 #ifndef REFLOG_WALK_H
 #define REFLOG_WALK_H
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
+struct reflog_walk_info;
+
 extern void init_reflog_walk(struct reflog_walk_info** info);
 extern int add_reflog_for_walk(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit, const char *name);
 extern void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit);
-extern void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *info, int, int);
+extern void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *info, int,
+		enum date_mode);
+extern void get_reflog_message(struct strbuf *sb,
+		struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info);
+extern void get_reflog_selector(struct strbuf *sb,
+		struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info,
+		enum date_mode dmode,
+		int shorten);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
index 33ced65a7..3e73a0a36 100644
--- a/refs.c
+++ b/refs.c
@@ -275,10 +275,8 @@ static struct ref_list *get_ref_dir(const char *base, struct ref_list *list)
 				list = get_ref_dir(ref, list);
 				continue;
 			}
-			if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, &flag)) {
-				error("%s points nowhere!", ref);
-				continue;
-			}
+			if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, &flag))
+				hashclr(sha1);
 			list = add_ref(ref, sha1, flag, list, NULL);
 		}
 		free(ref);
@@ -287,6 +285,36 @@ static struct ref_list *get_ref_dir(const char *base, struct ref_list *list)
 	return sort_ref_list(list);
 }
 
+struct warn_if_dangling_data {
+	FILE *fp;
+	const char *refname;
+	const char *msg_fmt;
+};
+
+static int warn_if_dangling_symref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+				   int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct warn_if_dangling_data *d = cb_data;
+	const char *resolves_to;
+	unsigned char junk[20];
+
+	if (!(flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
+		return 0;
+
+	resolves_to = resolve_ref(refname, junk, 0, NULL);
+	if (!resolves_to || strcmp(resolves_to, d->refname))
+		return 0;
+
+	fprintf(d->fp, d->msg_fmt, refname);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void warn_dangling_symref(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname)
+{
+	struct warn_if_dangling_data data = { fp, refname, msg_fmt };
+	for_each_rawref(warn_if_dangling_symref, &data);
+}
+
 static struct ref_list *get_loose_refs(void)
 {
 	if (!cached_refs.did_loose) {
@@ -498,16 +526,20 @@ int read_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return -1;
 }
 
+#define DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN 01
 static int do_one_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
-		      void *cb_data, struct ref_list *entry)
+		      int flags, void *cb_data, struct ref_list *entry)
 {
 	if (strncmp(base, entry->name, trim))
 		return 0;
+	/* Is this a "negative ref" that represents a deleted ref? */
 	if (is_null_sha1(entry->sha1))
 		return 0;
-	if (!has_sha1_file(entry->sha1)) {
-		error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
-		return 0;
+	if (!(flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN)) {
+		if (!has_sha1_file(entry->sha1)) {
+			error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
+			return 0;
+		}
 	}
 	current_ref = entry;
 	return fn(entry->name + trim, entry->sha1, entry->flag, cb_data);
@@ -561,7 +593,7 @@ fallback:
 }
 
 static int do_for_each_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
-			   void *cb_data)
+			   int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	int retval = 0;
 	struct ref_list *packed = get_packed_refs();
@@ -570,7 +602,7 @@ static int do_for_each_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
 	struct ref_list *extra;
 
 	for (extra = extra_refs; extra; extra = extra->next)
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, cb_data, extra);
+		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, extra);
 
 	while (packed && loose) {
 		struct ref_list *entry;
@@ -586,13 +618,13 @@ static int do_for_each_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
 			entry = packed;
 			packed = packed->next;
 		}
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, cb_data, entry);
+		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, entry);
 		if (retval)
 			goto end_each;
 	}
 
 	for (packed = packed ? packed : loose; packed; packed = packed->next) {
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, cb_data, packed);
+		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, packed);
 		if (retval)
 			goto end_each;
 	}
@@ -614,22 +646,38 @@ int head_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 
 int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/", fn, 0, cb_data);
+	return do_for_each_ref("refs/", fn, 0, 0, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_ref_in(const char *prefix, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref(prefix, fn, strlen(prefix), 0, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_tag_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/tags/", fn, 10, cb_data);
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/tags/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_branch_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/heads/", fn, 11, cb_data);
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/heads/", fn, cb_data);
 }
 
 int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_ref("refs/remotes/", fn, 13, cb_data);
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/remotes/", fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_replace_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref("refs/replace/", fn, 13, 0, cb_data);
+}
+
+int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return do_for_each_ref("refs/", fn, 0,
+			       DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN, cb_data);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -640,12 +688,14 @@ int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
  * - it has double dots "..", or
  * - it has ASCII control character, "~", "^", ":" or SP, anywhere, or
  * - it ends with a "/".
+ * - it ends with ".lock"
+ * - it contains a "\" (backslash)
  */
 
 static inline int bad_ref_char(int ch)
 {
 	if (((unsigned) ch) <= ' ' ||
-	    ch == '~' || ch == '^' || ch == ':')
+	    ch == '~' || ch == '^' || ch == ':' || ch == '\\')
 		return 1;
 	/* 2.13 Pattern Matching Notation */
 	if (ch == '?' || ch == '[') /* Unsupported */
@@ -657,7 +707,8 @@ static inline int bad_ref_char(int ch)
 
 int check_ref_format(const char *ref)
 {
-	int ch, level, bad_type;
+	int ch, level, bad_type, last;
+	int ret = CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK;
 	const char *cp = ref;
 
 	level = 0;
@@ -673,33 +724,49 @@ int check_ref_format(const char *ref)
 			return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
 		bad_type = bad_ref_char(ch);
 		if (bad_type) {
-			return (bad_type == 2 && !*cp)
-				? CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD
-				: CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			if (bad_type == 2 && (!*cp || *cp == '/') &&
+			    ret == CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK)
+				ret = CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD;
+			else
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
 		}
 
+		last = ch;
 		/* scan the rest of the path component */
 		while ((ch = *cp++) != 0) {
 			bad_type = bad_ref_char(ch);
-			if (bad_type) {
-				return (bad_type == 2 && !*cp)
-					? CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD
-					: CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
-			}
+			if (bad_type)
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
 			if (ch == '/')
 				break;
-			if (ch == '.' && *cp == '.')
+			if (last == '.' && ch == '.')
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			if (last == '@' && ch == '{')
 				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			last = ch;
 		}
 		level++;
 		if (!ch) {
+			if (ref <= cp - 2 && cp[-2] == '.')
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
 			if (level < 2)
 				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL;
-			return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK;
+			if (has_extension(ref, ".lock"))
+				return CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			return ret;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+const char *prettify_refname(const char *name)
+{
+	return name + (
+		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/") ? 11 :
+		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/") ? 10 :
+		!prefixcmp(name, "refs/remotes/") ? 13 :
+		0);
+}
+
 const char *ref_rev_parse_rules[] = {
 	"%.*s",
 	"refs/%.*s",
@@ -760,7 +827,7 @@ static int remove_empty_directories(const char *file)
 	strbuf_init(&path, 20);
 	strbuf_addstr(&path, file);
 
-	result = remove_dir_recursively(&path, 1);
+	result = remove_dir_recursively(&path, REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY);
 
 	strbuf_release(&path);
 
@@ -833,8 +900,10 @@ static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *ref, const unsigned char
 	 * name is a proper prefix of our refname.
 	 */
 	if (missing &&
-            !is_refname_available(ref, NULL, get_packed_refs(), 0))
+	     !is_refname_available(ref, NULL, get_packed_refs(), 0)) {
+		last_errno = ENOTDIR;
 		goto error_return;
+	}
 
 	lock->lk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 
@@ -904,8 +973,10 @@ static int repack_without_ref(const char *refname)
 	if (!found)
 		return 0;
 	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&packlock, git_path("packed-refs"), 0);
-	if (fd < 0)
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		unable_to_lock_error(git_path("packed-refs"), errno);
 		return error("cannot delete '%s' from packed refs", refname);
+	}
 
 	for (list = packed_ref_list; list; list = list->next) {
 		char line[PATH_MAX + 100];
@@ -942,12 +1013,10 @@ int delete_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int delopt)
 		} else {
 			path = git_path("%s", refname);
 		}
-		err = unlink(path);
-		if (err && errno != ENOENT) {
+		err = unlink_or_warn(path);
+		if (err && errno != ENOENT)
 			ret = 1;
-			error("unlink(%s) failed: %s",
-			      path, strerror(errno));
-		}
+
 		if (!(delopt & REF_NODEREF))
 			lock->lk->filename[i] = '.';
 	}
@@ -957,10 +1026,7 @@ int delete_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int delopt)
 	 */
 	ret |= repack_without_ref(refname);
 
-	err = unlink(git_path("logs/%s", lock->ref_name));
-	if (err && errno != ENOENT)
-		fprintf(stderr, "warning: unlink(%s) failed: %s",
-			git_path("logs/%s", lock->ref_name), strerror(errno));
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path("logs/%s", lock->ref_name));
 	invalidate_cached_refs();
 	unlock_ref(lock);
 	return ret;
@@ -1321,7 +1387,7 @@ int create_symref(const char *ref_target, const char *refs_heads_master,
 	if (adjust_shared_perm(git_HEAD)) {
 		error("Unable to fix permissions on %s", lockpath);
 	error_unlink_return:
-		unlink(lockpath);
+		unlink_or_warn(lockpath);
 	error_free_return:
 		free(git_HEAD);
 		return -1;
@@ -1361,7 +1427,7 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 	logfile = git_path("logs/%s", ref);
 	logfd = open(logfile, O_RDONLY, 0);
 	if (logfd < 0)
-		die("Unable to read log %s: %s", logfile, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Unable to read log '%s'", logfile);
 	fstat(logfd, &st);
 	if (!st.st_size)
 		die("Log %s is empty.", logfile);
@@ -1401,8 +1467,7 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 				if (get_sha1_hex(rec + 41, sha1))
 					die("Log %s is corrupt.", logfile);
 				if (hashcmp(logged_sha1, sha1)) {
-					fprintf(stderr,
-						"warning: Log %s has gap after %s.\n",
+					warning("Log %s has gap after %s.",
 						logfile, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
 				}
 			}
@@ -1414,8 +1479,7 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 				if (get_sha1_hex(rec + 41, logged_sha1))
 					die("Log %s is corrupt.", logfile);
 				if (hashcmp(logged_sha1, sha1)) {
-					fprintf(stderr,
-						"warning: Log %s unexpectedly ended on %s.\n",
+					warning("Log %s unexpectedly ended on %s.",
 						logfile, show_date(date, tz, DATE_RFC2822));
 				}
 			}
@@ -1453,7 +1517,7 @@ int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long ofs, void *cb_data)
 {
 	const char *logfile;
 	FILE *logfp;
@@ -1464,6 +1528,18 @@ int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 	logfp = fopen(logfile, "r");
 	if (!logfp)
 		return -1;
+
+	if (ofs) {
+		struct stat statbuf;
+		if (fstat(fileno(logfp), &statbuf) ||
+		    statbuf.st_size < ofs ||
+		    fseek(logfp, -ofs, SEEK_END) ||
+		    fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), logfp)) {
+			fclose(logfp);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), logfp)) {
 		unsigned char osha1[20], nsha1[20];
 		char *email_end, *message;
@@ -1497,6 +1573,11 @@ int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return for_each_recent_reflog_ent(ref, fn, 0, cb_data);
+}
+
 static int do_for_each_reflog(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
 	DIR *dir = opendir(git_path("logs/%s", base));
@@ -1577,10 +1658,121 @@ int update_ref(const char *action, const char *refname,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct ref *find_ref_by_name(struct ref *list, const char *name)
+struct ref *find_ref_by_name(const struct ref *list, const char *name)
 {
 	for ( ; list; list = list->next)
 		if (!strcmp(list->name, name))
-			return list;
+			return (struct ref *)list;
 	return NULL;
 }
+
+/*
+ * generate a format suitable for scanf from a ref_rev_parse_rules
+ * rule, that is replace the "%.*s" spec with a "%s" spec
+ */
+static void gen_scanf_fmt(char *scanf_fmt, const char *rule)
+{
+	char *spec;
+
+	spec = strstr(rule, "%.*s");
+	if (!spec || strstr(spec + 4, "%.*s"))
+		die("invalid rule in ref_rev_parse_rules: %s", rule);
+
+	/* copy all until spec */
+	strncpy(scanf_fmt, rule, spec - rule);
+	scanf_fmt[spec - rule] = '\0';
+	/* copy new spec */
+	strcat(scanf_fmt, "%s");
+	/* copy remaining rule */
+	strcat(scanf_fmt, spec + 4);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *ref, int strict)
+{
+	int i;
+	static char **scanf_fmts;
+	static int nr_rules;
+	char *short_name;
+
+	/* pre generate scanf formats from ref_rev_parse_rules[] */
+	if (!nr_rules) {
+		size_t total_len = 0;
+
+		/* the rule list is NULL terminated, count them first */
+		for (; ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]; nr_rules++)
+			/* no +1 because strlen("%s") < strlen("%.*s") */
+			total_len += strlen(ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]);
+
+		scanf_fmts = xmalloc(nr_rules * sizeof(char *) + total_len);
+
+		total_len = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_rules; i++) {
+			scanf_fmts[i] = (char *)&scanf_fmts[nr_rules]
+					+ total_len;
+			gen_scanf_fmt(scanf_fmts[i], ref_rev_parse_rules[i]);
+			total_len += strlen(ref_rev_parse_rules[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* bail out if there are no rules */
+	if (!nr_rules)
+		return xstrdup(ref);
+
+	/* buffer for scanf result, at most ref must fit */
+	short_name = xstrdup(ref);
+
+	/* skip first rule, it will always match */
+	for (i = nr_rules - 1; i > 0 ; --i) {
+		int j;
+		int rules_to_fail = i;
+		int short_name_len;
+
+		if (1 != sscanf(ref, scanf_fmts[i], short_name))
+			continue;
+
+		short_name_len = strlen(short_name);
+
+		/*
+		 * in strict mode, all (except the matched one) rules
+		 * must fail to resolve to a valid non-ambiguous ref
+		 */
+		if (strict)
+			rules_to_fail = nr_rules;
+
+		/*
+		 * check if the short name resolves to a valid ref,
+		 * but use only rules prior to the matched one
+		 */
+		for (j = 0; j < rules_to_fail; j++) {
+			const char *rule = ref_rev_parse_rules[j];
+			unsigned char short_objectname[20];
+			char refname[PATH_MAX];
+
+			/* skip matched rule */
+			if (i == j)
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * the short name is ambiguous, if it resolves
+			 * (with this previous rule) to a valid ref
+			 * read_ref() returns 0 on success
+			 */
+			mksnpath(refname, sizeof(refname),
+				 rule, short_name_len, short_name);
+			if (!read_ref(refname, short_objectname))
+				break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * short name is non-ambiguous if all previous rules
+		 * haven't resolved to a valid ref
+		 */
+		if (j == rules_to_fail)
+			return short_name;
+	}
+
+	free(short_name);
+	return xstrdup(ref);
+}
diff --git a/refs.h b/refs.h
index 06ad26055..e14199185 100644
--- a/refs.h
+++ b/refs.h
@@ -20,9 +20,16 @@ struct ref_lock {
 typedef int each_ref_fn(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data);
 extern int head_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
+extern int for_each_ref_in(const char *, each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_tag_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_branch_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
 extern int for_each_remote_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
+extern int for_each_replace_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
+
+/* can be used to learn about broken ref and symref */
+extern int for_each_rawref(each_ref_fn, void *);
+
+extern void warn_dangling_symref(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname);
 
 /*
  * Extra refs will be listed by for_each_ref() before any actual refs
@@ -60,6 +67,7 @@ extern int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned
 /* iterate over reflog entries */
 typedef int each_reflog_ent_fn(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1, const char *, unsigned long, int, const char *, void *);
 int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long, void *cb_data);
 
 /*
  * Calls the specified function for each reflog file until it returns nonzero,
@@ -73,6 +81,9 @@ extern int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn, void *);
 #define CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD (-3)
 extern int check_ref_format(const char *target);
 
+extern const char *prettify_refname(const char *refname);
+extern char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *ref, int strict);
+
 /** rename ref, return 0 on success **/
 extern int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg);
 
diff --git a/remote-curl.c b/remote-curl.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3edbf5717
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remote-curl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,829 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "walker.h"
+#include "http.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "sideband.h"
+
+static struct remote *remote;
+static const char *url;
+static struct walker *walker;
+
+struct options {
+	int verbosity;
+	unsigned long depth;
+	unsigned progress : 1,
+		followtags : 1,
+		dry_run : 1,
+		thin : 1;
+};
+static struct options options;
+
+static void init_walker(void)
+{
+	if (!walker)
+		walker = get_http_walker(url, remote);
+}
+
+static int set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(name, "verbosity")) {
+		char *end;
+		int v = strtol(value, &end, 10);
+		if (value == end || *end)
+			return -1;
+		options.verbosity = v;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(name, "progress")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "true"))
+			options.progress = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "false"))
+			options.progress = 0;
+		else
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(name, "depth")) {
+		char *end;
+		unsigned long v = strtoul(value, &end, 10);
+		if (value == end || *end)
+			return -1;
+		options.depth = v;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(name, "followtags")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "true"))
+			options.followtags = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "false"))
+			options.followtags = 0;
+		else
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(name, "dry-run")) {
+		if (!strcmp(value, "true"))
+			options.dry_run = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "false"))
+			options.dry_run = 0;
+		else
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else {
+		return 1 /* unsupported */;
+	}
+}
+
+struct discovery {
+	const char *service;
+	char *buf_alloc;
+	char *buf;
+	size_t len;
+	unsigned proto_git : 1;
+};
+static struct discovery *last_discovery;
+
+static void free_discovery(struct discovery *d)
+{
+	if (d) {
+		if (d == last_discovery)
+			last_discovery = NULL;
+		free(d->buf_alloc);
+		free(d);
+	}
+}
+
+static struct discovery* discover_refs(const char *service)
+{
+	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct discovery *last = last_discovery;
+	char *refs_url;
+	int http_ret, is_http = 0, proto_git_candidate = 1;
+
+	if (last && !strcmp(service, last->service))
+		return last;
+	free_discovery(last);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "%s/info/refs", url);
+	if (!prefixcmp(url, "http://") || !prefixcmp(url, "https://")) {
+		is_http = 1;
+		if (!strchr(url, '?'))
+			strbuf_addch(&buffer, '?');
+		else
+			strbuf_addch(&buffer, '&');
+		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "service=%s", service);
+	}
+	refs_url = strbuf_detach(&buffer, NULL);
+
+	init_walker();
+	http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
+
+	/* try again with "plain" url (no ? or & appended) */
+	if (http_ret != HTTP_OK) {
+		free(refs_url);
+		strbuf_reset(&buffer);
+
+		proto_git_candidate = 0;
+		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "%s/info/refs", url);
+		refs_url = strbuf_detach(&buffer, NULL);
+
+		http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
+	}
+
+	switch (http_ret) {
+	case HTTP_OK:
+		break;
+	case HTTP_MISSING_TARGET:
+		die("%s not found: did you run git update-server-info on the"
+		    " server?", refs_url);
+	default:
+		http_error(refs_url, http_ret);
+		die("HTTP request failed");
+	}
+
+	last= xcalloc(1, sizeof(*last_discovery));
+	last->service = service;
+	last->buf_alloc = strbuf_detach(&buffer, &last->len);
+	last->buf = last->buf_alloc;
+
+	if (is_http && proto_git_candidate
+		&& 5 <= last->len && last->buf[4] == '#') {
+		/* smart HTTP response; validate that the service
+		 * pkt-line matches our request.
+		 */
+		struct strbuf exp = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (packet_get_line(&buffer, &last->buf, &last->len) <= 0)
+			die("%s has invalid packet header", refs_url);
+		if (buffer.len && buffer.buf[buffer.len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len - 1);
+
+		strbuf_addf(&exp, "# service=%s", service);
+		if (strbuf_cmp(&exp, &buffer))
+			die("invalid server response; got '%s'", buffer.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&exp);
+
+		/* The header can include additional metadata lines, up
+		 * until a packet flush marker.  Ignore these now, but
+		 * in the future we might start to scan them.
+		 */
+		strbuf_reset(&buffer);
+		while (packet_get_line(&buffer, &last->buf, &last->len) > 0)
+			strbuf_reset(&buffer);
+
+		last->proto_git = 1;
+	}
+
+	free(refs_url);
+	strbuf_release(&buffer);
+	last_discovery = last;
+	return last;
+}
+
+static int write_discovery(int fd, void *data)
+{
+	struct discovery *heads = data;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (write_in_full(fd, heads->buf, heads->len) != heads->len)
+		err = 1;
+	close(fd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct ref *parse_git_refs(struct discovery *heads)
+{
+	struct ref *list = NULL;
+	struct async async;
+
+	memset(&async, 0, sizeof(async));
+	async.proc = write_discovery;
+	async.data = heads;
+
+	if (start_async(&async))
+		die("cannot start thread to parse advertised refs");
+	get_remote_heads(async.out, &list, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+	close(async.out);
+	if (finish_async(&async))
+		die("ref parsing thread failed");
+	return list;
+}
+
+static struct ref *parse_info_refs(struct discovery *heads)
+{
+	char *data, *start, *mid;
+	char *ref_name;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	struct ref *refs = NULL;
+	struct ref *ref = NULL;
+	struct ref *last_ref = NULL;
+
+	data = heads->buf;
+	start = NULL;
+	mid = data;
+	while (i < heads->len) {
+		if (!start) {
+			start = &data[i];
+		}
+		if (data[i] == '\t')
+			mid = &data[i];
+		if (data[i] == '\n') {
+			data[i] = 0;
+			ref_name = mid + 1;
+			ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) +
+				      strlen(ref_name) + 1);
+			memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct ref));
+			strcpy(ref->name, ref_name);
+			get_sha1_hex(start, ref->old_sha1);
+			if (!refs)
+				refs = ref;
+			if (last_ref)
+				last_ref->next = ref;
+			last_ref = ref;
+			start = NULL;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+
+	init_walker();
+	ref = alloc_ref("HEAD");
+	if (!walker->fetch_ref(walker, ref) &&
+	    !resolve_remote_symref(ref, refs)) {
+		ref->next = refs;
+		refs = ref;
+	} else {
+		free(ref);
+	}
+
+	return refs;
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_refs(int for_push)
+{
+	struct discovery *heads;
+
+	if (for_push)
+		heads = discover_refs("git-receive-pack");
+	else
+		heads = discover_refs("git-upload-pack");
+
+	if (heads->proto_git)
+		return parse_git_refs(heads);
+	return parse_info_refs(heads);
+}
+
+static void output_refs(struct ref *refs)
+{
+	struct ref *posn;
+	for (posn = refs; posn; posn = posn->next) {
+		if (posn->symref)
+			printf("@%s %s\n", posn->symref, posn->name);
+		else
+			printf("%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(posn->old_sha1), posn->name);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	free_refs(refs);
+}
+
+struct rpc_state {
+	const char *service_name;
+	const char **argv;
+	char *service_url;
+	char *hdr_content_type;
+	char *hdr_accept;
+	char *buf;
+	size_t alloc;
+	size_t len;
+	size_t pos;
+	int in;
+	int out;
+	struct strbuf result;
+	unsigned gzip_request : 1;
+};
+
+static size_t rpc_out(void *ptr, size_t eltsize,
+		size_t nmemb, void *buffer_)
+{
+	size_t max = eltsize * nmemb;
+	struct rpc_state *rpc = buffer_;
+	size_t avail = rpc->len - rpc->pos;
+
+	if (!avail) {
+		avail = packet_read_line(rpc->out, rpc->buf, rpc->alloc);
+		if (!avail)
+			return 0;
+		rpc->pos = 0;
+		rpc->len = avail;
+	}
+
+	if (max < avail)
+		avail = max;
+	memcpy(ptr, rpc->buf + rpc->pos, avail);
+	rpc->pos += avail;
+	return avail;
+}
+
+static size_t rpc_in(const void *ptr, size_t eltsize,
+		size_t nmemb, void *buffer_)
+{
+	size_t size = eltsize * nmemb;
+	struct rpc_state *rpc = buffer_;
+	write_or_die(rpc->in, ptr, size);
+	return size;
+}
+
+static int post_rpc(struct rpc_state *rpc)
+{
+	struct active_request_slot *slot;
+	struct slot_results results;
+	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
+	int use_gzip = rpc->gzip_request;
+	char *gzip_body = NULL;
+	int err = 0, large_request = 0;
+
+	/* Try to load the entire request, if we can fit it into the
+	 * allocated buffer space we can use HTTP/1.0 and avoid the
+	 * chunked encoding mess.
+	 */
+	while (1) {
+		size_t left = rpc->alloc - rpc->len;
+		char *buf = rpc->buf + rpc->len;
+		int n;
+
+		if (left < LARGE_PACKET_MAX) {
+			large_request = 1;
+			use_gzip = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		n = packet_read_line(rpc->out, buf, left);
+		if (!n)
+			break;
+		rpc->len += n;
+	}
+
+	slot = get_active_slot();
+	slot->results = &results;
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, rpc->service_url);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
+
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_content_type);
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_accept);
+
+	if (large_request) {
+		/* The request body is large and the size cannot be predicted.
+		 * We must use chunked encoding to send it.
+		 */
+		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Expect: 100-continue");
+		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Transfer-Encoding: chunked");
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, rpc_out);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_INFILE, rpc);
+		if (options.verbosity > 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "POST %s (chunked)\n", rpc->service_name);
+			fflush(stderr);
+		}
+
+	} else if (use_gzip && 1024 < rpc->len) {
+		/* The client backend isn't giving us compressed data so
+		 * we can try to deflate it ourselves, this may save on.
+		 * the transfer time.
+		 */
+		size_t size;
+		z_stream stream;
+		int ret;
+
+		memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+		ret = deflateInit2(&stream, Z_BEST_COMPRESSION,
+				Z_DEFLATED, (15 + 16),
+				8, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
+		if (ret != Z_OK)
+			die("cannot deflate request; zlib init error %d", ret);
+		size = deflateBound(&stream, rpc->len);
+		gzip_body = xmalloc(size);
+
+		stream.next_in = (unsigned char *)rpc->buf;
+		stream.avail_in = rpc->len;
+		stream.next_out = (unsigned char *)gzip_body;
+		stream.avail_out = size;
+
+		ret = deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		if (ret != Z_STREAM_END)
+			die("cannot deflate request; zlib deflate error %d", ret);
+
+		ret = deflateEnd(&stream);
+		if (ret != Z_OK)
+			die("cannot deflate request; zlib end error %d", ret);
+
+		size = stream.total_out;
+
+		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Encoding: gzip");
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, gzip_body);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, size);
+
+		if (options.verbosity > 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "POST %s (gzip %lu to %lu bytes)\n",
+				rpc->service_name,
+				(unsigned long)rpc->len, (unsigned long)size);
+			fflush(stderr);
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* We know the complete request size in advance, use the
+		 * more normal Content-Length approach.
+		 */
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, rpc->buf);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, rpc->len);
+		if (options.verbosity > 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "POST %s (%lu bytes)\n",
+				rpc->service_name, (unsigned long)rpc->len);
+			fflush(stderr);
+		}
+	}
+
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, rpc_in);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, rpc);
+
+	slot->curl_result = curl_easy_perform(slot->curl);
+	finish_active_slot(slot);
+
+	if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
+		err |= error("RPC failed; result=%d, HTTP code = %ld",
+			results.curl_result, results.http_code);
+	}
+
+	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
+	free(gzip_body);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int rpc_service(struct rpc_state *rpc, struct discovery *heads)
+{
+	const char *svc = rpc->service_name;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct child_process client;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	init_walker();
+	memset(&client, 0, sizeof(client));
+	client.in = -1;
+	client.out = -1;
+	client.git_cmd = 1;
+	client.argv = rpc->argv;
+	if (start_command(&client))
+		exit(1);
+	if (heads)
+		write_or_die(client.in, heads->buf, heads->len);
+
+	rpc->alloc = http_post_buffer;
+	rpc->buf = xmalloc(rpc->alloc);
+	rpc->in = client.in;
+	rpc->out = client.out;
+	strbuf_init(&rpc->result, 0);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/%s", url, svc);
+	rpc->service_url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Content-Type: application/x-%s-request", svc);
+	rpc->hdr_content_type = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Accept: application/x-%s-result", svc);
+	rpc->hdr_accept = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	while (!err) {
+		int n = packet_read_line(rpc->out, rpc->buf, rpc->alloc);
+		if (!n)
+			break;
+		rpc->pos = 0;
+		rpc->len = n;
+		err |= post_rpc(rpc);
+	}
+	strbuf_read(&rpc->result, client.out, 0);
+
+	close(client.in);
+	close(client.out);
+	client.in = -1;
+	client.out = -1;
+
+	err |= finish_command(&client);
+	free(rpc->service_url);
+	free(rpc->hdr_content_type);
+	free(rpc->hdr_accept);
+	free(rpc->buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int fetch_dumb(int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	char **targets = xmalloc(nr_heads * sizeof(char*));
+	int ret, i;
+
+	if (options.depth)
+		die("dumb http transport does not support --depth");
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
+		targets[i] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(to_fetch[i]->old_sha1));
+
+	init_walker();
+	walker->get_all = 1;
+	walker->get_tree = 1;
+	walker->get_history = 1;
+	walker->get_verbosely = options.verbosity >= 3;
+	walker->get_recover = 0;
+	ret = walker_fetch(walker, nr_heads, targets, NULL, NULL);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
+		free(targets[i]);
+	free(targets);
+
+	return ret ? error("Fetch failed.") : 0;
+}
+
+static int fetch_git(struct discovery *heads,
+	int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	struct rpc_state rpc;
+	char *depth_arg = NULL;
+	const char **argv;
+	int argc = 0, i, err;
+
+	argv = xmalloc((15 + nr_heads) * sizeof(char*));
+	argv[argc++] = "fetch-pack";
+	argv[argc++] = "--stateless-rpc";
+	argv[argc++] = "--lock-pack";
+	if (options.followtags)
+		argv[argc++] = "--include-tag";
+	if (options.thin)
+		argv[argc++] = "--thin";
+	if (options.verbosity >= 3) {
+		argv[argc++] = "-v";
+		argv[argc++] = "-v";
+	}
+	if (!options.progress)
+		argv[argc++] = "--no-progress";
+	if (options.depth) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "--depth=%lu", options.depth);
+		depth_arg = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+		argv[argc++] = depth_arg;
+	}
+	argv[argc++] = url;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
+		struct ref *ref = to_fetch[i];
+		if (!ref->name || !*ref->name)
+			die("cannot fetch by sha1 over smart http");
+		argv[argc++] = ref->name;
+	}
+	argv[argc++] = NULL;
+
+	memset(&rpc, 0, sizeof(rpc));
+	rpc.service_name = "git-upload-pack",
+	rpc.argv = argv;
+	rpc.gzip_request = 1;
+
+	err = rpc_service(&rpc, heads);
+	if (rpc.result.len)
+		safe_write(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
+	strbuf_release(&rpc.result);
+	free(argv);
+	free(depth_arg);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int fetch(int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	struct discovery *d = discover_refs("git-upload-pack");
+	if (d->proto_git)
+		return fetch_git(d, nr_heads, to_fetch);
+	else
+		return fetch_dumb(nr_heads, to_fetch);
+}
+
+static void parse_fetch(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	struct ref **to_fetch = NULL;
+	struct ref *list_head = NULL;
+	struct ref **list = &list_head;
+	int alloc_heads = 0, nr_heads = 0;
+
+	do {
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf->buf, "fetch ")) {
+			char *p = buf->buf + strlen("fetch ");
+			char *name;
+			struct ref *ref;
+			unsigned char old_sha1[20];
+
+			if (strlen(p) < 40 || get_sha1_hex(p, old_sha1))
+				die("protocol error: expected sha/ref, got %s'", p);
+			if (p[40] == ' ')
+				name = p + 41;
+			else if (!p[40])
+				name = "";
+			else
+				die("protocol error: expected sha/ref, got %s'", p);
+
+			ref = alloc_ref(name);
+			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, old_sha1);
+
+			*list = ref;
+			list = &ref->next;
+
+			ALLOC_GROW(to_fetch, nr_heads + 1, alloc_heads);
+			to_fetch[nr_heads++] = ref;
+		}
+		else
+			die("http transport does not support %s", buf->buf);
+
+		strbuf_reset(buf);
+		if (strbuf_getline(buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+			return;
+		if (!*buf->buf)
+			break;
+	} while (1);
+
+	if (fetch(nr_heads, to_fetch))
+		exit(128); /* error already reported */
+	free_refs(list_head);
+	free(to_fetch);
+
+	printf("\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+}
+
+static int push_dav(int nr_spec, char **specs)
+{
+	const char **argv = xmalloc((10 + nr_spec) * sizeof(char*));
+	int argc = 0, i;
+
+	argv[argc++] = "http-push";
+	argv[argc++] = "--helper-status";
+	if (options.dry_run)
+		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
+	if (options.verbosity > 1)
+		argv[argc++] = "--verbose";
+	argv[argc++] = url;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_spec; i++)
+		argv[argc++] = specs[i];
+	argv[argc++] = NULL;
+
+	if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		die("git-%s failed", argv[0]);
+	free(argv);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int push_git(struct discovery *heads, int nr_spec, char **specs)
+{
+	struct rpc_state rpc;
+	const char **argv;
+	int argc = 0, i, err;
+
+	argv = xmalloc((10 + nr_spec) * sizeof(char*));
+	argv[argc++] = "send-pack";
+	argv[argc++] = "--stateless-rpc";
+	argv[argc++] = "--helper-status";
+	if (options.thin)
+		argv[argc++] = "--thin";
+	if (options.dry_run)
+		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
+	if (options.verbosity > 1)
+		argv[argc++] = "--verbose";
+	argv[argc++] = url;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_spec; i++)
+		argv[argc++] = specs[i];
+	argv[argc++] = NULL;
+
+	memset(&rpc, 0, sizeof(rpc));
+	rpc.service_name = "git-receive-pack",
+	rpc.argv = argv;
+
+	err = rpc_service(&rpc, heads);
+	if (rpc.result.len)
+		safe_write(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
+	strbuf_release(&rpc.result);
+	free(argv);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int push(int nr_spec, char **specs)
+{
+	struct discovery *heads = discover_refs("git-receive-pack");
+	int ret;
+
+	if (heads->proto_git)
+		ret = push_git(heads, nr_spec, specs);
+	else
+		ret = push_dav(nr_spec, specs);
+	free_discovery(heads);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void parse_push(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	char **specs = NULL;
+	int alloc_spec = 0, nr_spec = 0, i;
+
+	do {
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf->buf, "push ")) {
+			ALLOC_GROW(specs, nr_spec + 1, alloc_spec);
+			specs[nr_spec++] = xstrdup(buf->buf + 5);
+		}
+		else
+			die("http transport does not support %s", buf->buf);
+
+		strbuf_reset(buf);
+		if (strbuf_getline(buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+			return;
+		if (!*buf->buf)
+			break;
+	} while (1);
+
+	if (push(nr_spec, specs))
+		exit(128); /* error already reported */
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_spec; i++)
+		free(specs[i]);
+	free(specs);
+
+	printf("\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int nongit;
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Remote needed\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	options.verbosity = 1;
+	options.progress = !!isatty(2);
+	options.thin = 1;
+
+	remote = remote_get(argv[1]);
+
+	if (argc > 2) {
+		url = argv[2];
+	} else {
+		url = remote->url[0];
+	}
+
+	do {
+		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF)
+			break;
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf.buf, "fetch ")) {
+			if (nongit)
+				die("Fetch attempted without a local repo");
+			parse_fetch(&buf);
+
+		} else if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "list") || !prefixcmp(buf.buf, "list ")) {
+			int for_push = !!strstr(buf.buf + 4, "for-push");
+			output_refs(get_refs(for_push));
+
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buf.buf, "push ")) {
+			parse_push(&buf);
+
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buf.buf, "option ")) {
+			char *name = buf.buf + strlen("option ");
+			char *value = strchr(name, ' ');
+			int result;
+
+			if (value)
+				*value++ = '\0';
+			else
+				value = "true";
+
+			result = set_option(name, value);
+			if (!result)
+				printf("ok\n");
+			else if (result < 0)
+				printf("error invalid value\n");
+			else
+				printf("unsupported\n");
+			fflush(stdout);
+
+		} else if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "capabilities")) {
+			printf("fetch\n");
+			printf("option\n");
+			printf("push\n");
+			printf("\n");
+			fflush(stdout);
+		} else {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	} while (1);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/remote.c b/remote.c
index 570e11286..b979a9642 100644
--- a/remote.c
+++ b/remote.c
@@ -4,13 +4,16 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 static struct refspec s_tag_refspec = {
 	0,
 	1,
 	0,
-	"refs/tags/",
-	"refs/tags/"
+	"refs/tags/*",
+	"refs/tags/*"
 };
 
 const struct refspec *tag_refspec = &s_tag_refspec;
@@ -26,6 +29,11 @@ struct rewrite {
 	int instead_of_nr;
 	int instead_of_alloc;
 };
+struct rewrites {
+	struct rewrite **rewrite;
+	int rewrite_alloc;
+	int rewrite_nr;
+};
 
 static struct remote **remotes;
 static int remotes_alloc;
@@ -37,15 +45,15 @@ static int branches_nr;
 
 static struct branch *current_branch;
 static const char *default_remote_name;
+static int explicit_default_remote_name;
 
-static struct rewrite **rewrite;
-static int rewrite_alloc;
-static int rewrite_nr;
+static struct rewrites rewrites;
+static struct rewrites rewrites_push;
 
 #define BUF_SIZE (2048)
 static char buffer[BUF_SIZE];
 
-static const char *alias_url(const char *url)
+static const char *alias_url(const char *url, struct rewrites *r)
 {
 	int i, j;
 	char *ret;
@@ -54,14 +62,14 @@ static const char *alias_url(const char *url)
 
 	longest = NULL;
 	longest_i = -1;
-	for (i = 0; i < rewrite_nr; i++) {
-		if (!rewrite[i])
+	for (i = 0; i < r->rewrite_nr; i++) {
+		if (!r->rewrite[i])
 			continue;
-		for (j = 0; j < rewrite[i]->instead_of_nr; j++) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(url, rewrite[i]->instead_of[j].s) &&
+		for (j = 0; j < r->rewrite[i]->instead_of_nr; j++) {
+			if (!prefixcmp(url, r->rewrite[i]->instead_of[j].s) &&
 			    (!longest ||
-			     longest->len < rewrite[i]->instead_of[j].len)) {
-				longest = &(rewrite[i]->instead_of[j]);
+			     longest->len < r->rewrite[i]->instead_of[j].len)) {
+				longest = &(r->rewrite[i]->instead_of[j]);
 				longest_i = i;
 			}
 		}
@@ -69,10 +77,10 @@ static const char *alias_url(const char *url)
 	if (!longest)
 		return url;
 
-	ret = xmalloc(rewrite[longest_i]->baselen +
+	ret = xmalloc(r->rewrite[longest_i]->baselen +
 		     (strlen(url) - longest->len) + 1);
-	strcpy(ret, rewrite[longest_i]->base);
-	strcpy(ret + rewrite[longest_i]->baselen, url + longest->len);
+	strcpy(ret, r->rewrite[longest_i]->base);
+	strcpy(ret + r->rewrite[longest_i]->baselen, url + longest->len);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -98,9 +106,23 @@ static void add_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 	remote->url[remote->url_nr++] = url;
 }
 
+static void add_pushurl(struct remote *remote, const char *pushurl)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(remote->pushurl, remote->pushurl_nr + 1, remote->pushurl_alloc);
+	remote->pushurl[remote->pushurl_nr++] = pushurl;
+}
+
+static void add_pushurl_alias(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
+{
+	const char *pushurl = alias_url(url, &rewrites_push);
+	if (pushurl != url)
+		add_pushurl(remote, pushurl);
+}
+
 static void add_url_alias(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 {
-	add_url(remote, alias_url(url));
+	add_url(remote, alias_url(url, &rewrites));
+	add_pushurl_alias(remote, url);
 }
 
 static struct remote *make_remote(const char *name, int len)
@@ -160,22 +182,22 @@ static struct branch *make_branch(const char *name, int len)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static struct rewrite *make_rewrite(const char *base, int len)
+static struct rewrite *make_rewrite(struct rewrites *r, const char *base, int len)
 {
 	struct rewrite *ret;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < rewrite_nr; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i < r->rewrite_nr; i++) {
 		if (len
-		    ? (len == rewrite[i]->baselen &&
-		       !strncmp(base, rewrite[i]->base, len))
-		    : !strcmp(base, rewrite[i]->base))
-			return rewrite[i];
+		    ? (len == r->rewrite[i]->baselen &&
+		       !strncmp(base, r->rewrite[i]->base, len))
+		    : !strcmp(base, r->rewrite[i]->base))
+			return r->rewrite[i];
 	}
 
-	ALLOC_GROW(rewrite, rewrite_nr + 1, rewrite_alloc);
+	ALLOC_GROW(r->rewrite, r->rewrite_nr + 1, r->rewrite_alloc);
 	ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct rewrite));
-	rewrite[rewrite_nr++] = ret;
+	r->rewrite[r->rewrite_nr++] = ret;
 	if (len) {
 		ret->base = xstrndup(base, len);
 		ret->baselen = len;
@@ -298,7 +320,7 @@ static void read_branches_file(struct remote *remote)
 		strbuf_addstr(&branch, "HEAD:");
 	}
 	add_url_alias(remote, p);
-	add_fetch_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, 0));
+	add_fetch_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, NULL));
 	/*
 	 * Cogito compatible push: push current HEAD to remote #branch
 	 * (master if missing)
@@ -309,7 +331,7 @@ static void read_branches_file(struct remote *remote)
 		strbuf_addf(&branch, ":refs/heads/%s", frag);
 	else
 		strbuf_addstr(&branch, ":refs/heads/master");
-	add_push_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, 0));
+	add_push_refspec(remote, strbuf_detach(&branch, NULL));
 	remote->fetch_tags = 1; /* always auto-follow */
 }
 
@@ -329,8 +351,10 @@ static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 			if (!value)
 				return config_error_nonbool(key);
 			branch->remote_name = xstrdup(value);
-			if (branch == current_branch)
+			if (branch == current_branch) {
 				default_remote_name = branch->remote_name;
+				explicit_default_remote_name = 1;
+			}
 		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".merge")) {
 			if (!value)
 				return config_error_nonbool(key);
@@ -344,8 +368,13 @@ static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 		subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
 		if (!subkey)
 			return 0;
-		rewrite = make_rewrite(name, subkey - name);
 		if (!strcmp(subkey, ".insteadof")) {
+			rewrite = make_rewrite(&rewrites, name, subkey - name);
+			if (!value)
+				return config_error_nonbool(key);
+			add_instead_of(rewrite, xstrdup(value));
+		} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".pushinsteadof")) {
+			rewrite = make_rewrite(&rewrites_push, name, subkey - name);
 			if (!value)
 				return config_error_nonbool(key);
 			add_instead_of(rewrite, xstrdup(value));
@@ -361,19 +390,25 @@ static int handle_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 	}
 	subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
 	if (!subkey)
-		return error("Config with no key for remote %s", name);
+		return 0;
 	remote = make_remote(name, subkey - name);
 	remote->origin = REMOTE_CONFIG;
 	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".mirror"))
 		remote->mirror = git_config_bool(key, value);
 	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".skipdefaultupdate"))
 		remote->skip_default_update = git_config_bool(key, value);
-
+	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".skipfetchall"))
+		remote->skip_default_update = git_config_bool(key, value);
 	else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".url")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
 			return -1;
 		add_url(remote, v);
+	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".pushurl")) {
+		const char *v;
+		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
+			return -1;
+		add_pushurl(remote, v);
 	} else if (!strcmp(subkey, ".push")) {
 		const char *v;
 		if (git_config_string(&v, key, value))
@@ -414,10 +449,17 @@ static void alias_all_urls(void)
 {
 	int i, j;
 	for (i = 0; i < remotes_nr; i++) {
+		int add_pushurl_aliases;
 		if (!remotes[i])
 			continue;
+		for (j = 0; j < remotes[i]->pushurl_nr; j++) {
+			remotes[i]->pushurl[j] = alias_url(remotes[i]->pushurl[j], &rewrites);
+		}
+		add_pushurl_aliases = remotes[i]->pushurl_nr == 0;
 		for (j = 0; j < remotes[i]->url_nr; j++) {
-			remotes[i]->url[j] = alias_url(remotes[i]->url[j]);
+			if (add_pushurl_aliases)
+				add_pushurl_alias(remotes[i], remotes[i]->url[j]);
+			remotes[i]->url[j] = alias_url(remotes[i]->url[j], &rewrites);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -450,16 +492,11 @@ static void read_config(void)
  */
 static int verify_refname(char *name, int is_glob)
 {
-	int result, len = -1;
+	int result;
 
-	if (is_glob) {
-		len = strlen(name);
-		assert(name[len - 1] == '/');
-		name[len - 1] = '\0';
-	}
 	result = check_ref_format(name);
-	if (is_glob)
-		name[len - 1] = '/';
+	if (is_glob && result == CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD)
+		result = CHECK_REF_FORMAT_OK;
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -494,7 +531,7 @@ static struct refspec *parse_refspec_internal(int nr_refspec, const char **refsp
 		int is_glob;
 		const char *lhs, *rhs;
 
-		llen = is_glob = 0;
+		is_glob = 0;
 
 		lhs = refspec[i];
 		if (*lhs == '+') {
@@ -515,16 +552,15 @@ static struct refspec *parse_refspec_internal(int nr_refspec, const char **refsp
 
 		if (rhs) {
 			size_t rlen = strlen(++rhs);
-			is_glob = (2 <= rlen && !strcmp(rhs + rlen - 2, "/*"));
-			rs[i].dst = xstrndup(rhs, rlen - is_glob);
+			is_glob = (1 <= rlen && strchr(rhs, '*'));
+			rs[i].dst = xstrndup(rhs, rlen);
 		}
 
 		llen = (rhs ? (rhs - lhs - 1) : strlen(lhs));
-		if (2 <= llen && !memcmp(lhs + llen - 2, "/*", 2)) {
+		if (1 <= llen && memchr(lhs, '*', llen)) {
 			if ((rhs && !is_glob) || (!rhs && fetch))
 				goto invalid;
 			is_glob = 1;
-			llen--;
 		} else if (rhs && is_glob) {
 			goto invalid;
 		}
@@ -634,10 +670,7 @@ static struct refspec *parse_push_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec)
 
 static int valid_remote_nick(const char *name)
 {
-	if (!name[0] || /* not empty */
-	    (name[0] == '.' && /* not "." */
-	     (!name[1] || /* not ".." */
-	      (name[1] == '.' && !name[2]))))
+	if (!name[0] || is_dot_or_dotdot(name))
 		return 0;
 	return !strchr(name, '/'); /* no slash */
 }
@@ -645,10 +678,16 @@ static int valid_remote_nick(const char *name)
 struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
 {
 	struct remote *ret;
+	int name_given = 0;
 
 	read_config();
-	if (!name)
+	if (name)
+		name_given = 1;
+	else {
 		name = default_remote_name;
+		name_given = explicit_default_remote_name;
+	}
+
 	ret = make_remote(name, 0);
 	if (valid_remote_nick(name)) {
 		if (!ret->url)
@@ -656,7 +695,7 @@ struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
 		if (!ret->url)
 			read_branches_file(ret);
 	}
-	if (!ret->url)
+	if (name_given && !ret->url)
 		add_url_alias(ret, name);
 	if (!ret->url)
 		return NULL;
@@ -665,6 +704,17 @@ struct remote *remote_get(const char *name)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int remote_is_configured(const char *name)
+{
+	int i;
+	read_config();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < remotes_nr; i++)
+		if (!strcmp(name, remotes[i]->name))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv)
 {
 	int i, result = 0;
@@ -686,29 +736,33 @@ int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv)
 
 void ref_remove_duplicates(struct ref *ref_map)
 {
-	struct ref **posn;
-	struct ref *next;
-	for (; ref_map; ref_map = ref_map->next) {
+	struct string_list refs = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct string_list_item *item = NULL;
+	struct ref *prev = NULL, *next = NULL;
+	for (; ref_map; prev = ref_map, ref_map = next) {
+		next = ref_map->next;
 		if (!ref_map->peer_ref)
 			continue;
-		posn = &ref_map->next;
-		while (*posn) {
-			if ((*posn)->peer_ref &&
-			    !strcmp((*posn)->peer_ref->name,
-				    ref_map->peer_ref->name)) {
-				if (strcmp((*posn)->name, ref_map->name))
-					die("%s tracks both %s and %s",
-					    ref_map->peer_ref->name,
-					    (*posn)->name, ref_map->name);
-				next = (*posn)->next;
-				free((*posn)->peer_ref);
-				free(*posn);
-				*posn = next;
-			} else {
-				posn = &(*posn)->next;
-			}
+
+		item = string_list_lookup(ref_map->peer_ref->name, &refs);
+		if (item) {
+			if (strcmp(((struct ref *)item->util)->name,
+				   ref_map->name))
+				die("%s tracks both %s and %s",
+				    ref_map->peer_ref->name,
+				    ((struct ref *)item->util)->name,
+				    ref_map->name);
+			prev->next = ref_map->next;
+			free(ref_map->peer_ref);
+			free(ref_map);
+			ref_map = prev; /* skip this; we freed it */
+			continue;
 		}
+
+		item = string_list_insert(ref_map->peer_ref->name, &refs);
+		item->util = ref_map;
 	}
+	string_list_clear(&refs, 0);
 }
 
 int remote_has_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
@@ -721,6 +775,41 @@ int remote_has_url(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int match_name_with_pattern(const char *key, const char *name,
+				   const char *value, char **result)
+{
+	const char *kstar = strchr(key, '*');
+	size_t klen;
+	size_t ksuffixlen;
+	size_t namelen;
+	int ret;
+	if (!kstar)
+		die("Key '%s' of pattern had no '*'", key);
+	klen = kstar - key;
+	ksuffixlen = strlen(kstar + 1);
+	namelen = strlen(name);
+	ret = !strncmp(name, key, klen) && namelen >= klen + ksuffixlen &&
+		!memcmp(name + namelen - ksuffixlen, kstar + 1, ksuffixlen);
+	if (ret && value) {
+		const char *vstar = strchr(value, '*');
+		size_t vlen;
+		size_t vsuffixlen;
+		if (!vstar)
+			die("Value '%s' of pattern has no '*'", value);
+		vlen = vstar - value;
+		vsuffixlen = strlen(vstar + 1);
+		*result = xmalloc(vlen + vsuffixlen +
+				  strlen(name) -
+				  klen - ksuffixlen + 1);
+		strncpy(*result, value, vlen);
+		strncpy(*result + vlen,
+			name + klen, namelen - klen - ksuffixlen);
+		strcpy(*result + vlen + namelen - klen - ksuffixlen,
+		       vstar + 1);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
 int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec)
 {
 	int find_src = refspec->src == NULL;
@@ -744,13 +833,7 @@ int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec)
 		if (!fetch->dst)
 			continue;
 		if (fetch->pattern) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(needle, key)) {
-				*result = xmalloc(strlen(value) +
-						  strlen(needle) -
-						  strlen(key) + 1);
-				strcpy(*result, value);
-				strcpy(*result + strlen(value),
-				       needle + strlen(key));
+			if (match_name_with_pattern(key, needle, value, result)) {
 				refspec->force = fetch->force;
 				return 0;
 			}
@@ -780,10 +863,18 @@ struct ref *alloc_ref(const char *name)
 
 static struct ref *copy_ref(const struct ref *ref)
 {
-	struct ref *ret = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) + strlen(ref->name) + 1);
-	memcpy(ret, ref, sizeof(struct ref) + strlen(ref->name) + 1);
-	ret->next = NULL;
-	return ret;
+	struct ref *cpy;
+	size_t len;
+	if (!ref)
+		return NULL;
+	len = strlen(ref->name);
+	cpy = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) + len + 1);
+	memcpy(cpy, ref, sizeof(struct ref) + len + 1);
+	cpy->next = NULL;
+	cpy->symref = ref->symref ? xstrdup(ref->symref) : NULL;
+	cpy->remote_status = ref->remote_status ? xstrdup(ref->remote_status) : NULL;
+	cpy->peer_ref = copy_ref(ref->peer_ref);
+	return cpy;
 }
 
 struct ref *copy_ref_list(const struct ref *ref)
@@ -802,6 +893,7 @@ static void free_ref(struct ref *ref)
 {
 	if (!ref)
 		return;
+	free_ref(ref->peer_ref);
 	free(ref->remote_status);
 	free(ref->symref);
 	free(ref);
@@ -812,7 +904,6 @@ void free_refs(struct ref *ref)
 	struct ref *next;
 	while (ref) {
 		next = ref->next;
-		free(ref->peer_ref);
 		free_ref(ref);
 		ref = next;
 	}
@@ -929,6 +1020,7 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 			  struct refspec *rs)
 {
 	struct ref *matched_src, *matched_dst;
+	int copy_src;
 
 	const char *dst_value = rs->dst;
 	char *dst_guess;
@@ -939,6 +1031,7 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 	matched_src = matched_dst = NULL;
 	switch (count_refspec_match(rs->src, src, &matched_src)) {
 	case 1:
+		copy_src = 1;
 		break;
 	case 0:
 		/* The source could be in the get_sha1() format
@@ -948,6 +1041,7 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 		matched_src = try_explicit_object_name(rs->src);
 		if (!matched_src)
 			return error("src refspec %s does not match any.", rs->src);
+		copy_src = 0;
 		break;
 	default:
 		return error("src refspec %s matches more than one.", rs->src);
@@ -971,7 +1065,7 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 	case 0:
 		if (!memcmp(dst_value, "refs/", 5))
 			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_value, dst_tail);
-		else if((dst_guess = guess_ref(dst_value, matched_src)))
+		else if ((dst_guess = guess_ref(dst_value, matched_src)))
 			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_guess, dst_tail);
 		else
 			error("unable to push to unqualified destination: %s\n"
@@ -993,7 +1087,7 @@ static int match_explicit(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst,
 		return error("dst ref %s receives from more than one src.",
 		      matched_dst->name);
 	else {
-		matched_dst->peer_ref = matched_src;
+		matched_dst->peer_ref = copy_src ? copy_ref(matched_src) : matched_src;
 		matched_dst->force = rs->force;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -1022,7 +1116,8 @@ static const struct refspec *check_pattern_match(const struct refspec *rs,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (rs[i].pattern && !prefixcmp(src->name, rs[i].src))
+		if (rs[i].pattern && match_name_with_pattern(rs[i].src, src->name,
+							     NULL, NULL))
 			return rs + i;
 	}
 	if (matching_refs != -1)
@@ -1031,26 +1126,35 @@ static const struct refspec *check_pattern_match(const struct refspec *rs,
 		return NULL;
 }
 
+static struct ref **tail_ref(struct ref **head)
+{
+	struct ref **tail = head;
+	while (*tail)
+		tail = &((*tail)->next);
+	return tail;
+}
+
 /*
  * Note. This is used only by "push"; refspec matching rules for
  * push and fetch are subtly different, so do not try to reuse it
  * without thinking.
  */
-int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst, struct ref ***dst_tail,
+int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
 	       int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int flags)
 {
 	struct refspec *rs;
 	int send_all = flags & MATCH_REFS_ALL;
 	int send_mirror = flags & MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
-	static const char *default_refspec[] = { ":", 0 };
+	int errs;
+	static const char *default_refspec[] = { ":", NULL };
+	struct ref **dst_tail = tail_ref(dst);
 
 	if (!nr_refspec) {
 		nr_refspec = 1;
 		refspec = default_refspec;
 	}
 	rs = parse_push_refspec(nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec);
-	if (match_explicit_refs(src, dst, dst_tail, rs, nr_refspec))
-		return -1;
+	errs = match_explicit_refs(src, *dst, &dst_tail, rs, nr_refspec);
 
 	/* pick the remainder */
 	for ( ; src; src = src->next) {
@@ -1076,13 +1180,11 @@ int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst, struct ref ***dst_tail,
 
 		} else {
 			const char *dst_side = pat->dst ? pat->dst : pat->src;
-			dst_name = xmalloc(strlen(dst_side) +
-					   strlen(src->name) -
-					   strlen(pat->src) + 2);
-			strcpy(dst_name, dst_side);
-			strcat(dst_name, src->name + strlen(pat->src));
+			if (!match_name_with_pattern(pat->src, src->name,
+						     dst_side, &dst_name))
+				die("Didn't think it matches any more");
 		}
-		dst_peer = find_ref_by_name(dst, dst_name);
+		dst_peer = find_ref_by_name(*dst, dst_name);
 		if (dst_peer) {
 			if (dst_peer->peer_ref)
 				/* We're already sending something to this ref. */
@@ -1098,14 +1200,16 @@ int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst, struct ref ***dst_tail,
 				goto free_name;
 
 			/* Create a new one and link it */
-			dst_peer = make_linked_ref(dst_name, dst_tail);
+			dst_peer = make_linked_ref(dst_name, &dst_tail);
 			hashcpy(dst_peer->new_sha1, src->new_sha1);
 		}
-		dst_peer->peer_ref = src;
+		dst_peer->peer_ref = copy_ref(src);
 		dst_peer->force = pat->force;
 	free_name:
 		free(dst_name);
 	}
+	if (errs)
+		return -1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1127,8 +1231,9 @@ struct branch *branch_get(const char *name)
 			for (i = 0; i < ret->merge_nr; i++) {
 				ret->merge[i] = xcalloc(1, sizeof(**ret->merge));
 				ret->merge[i]->src = xstrdup(ret->merge_name[i]);
-				remote_find_tracking(ret->remote,
-						     ret->merge[i]);
+				if (remote_find_tracking(ret->remote, ret->merge[i])
+				    && !strcmp(ret->remote_name, "."))
+					ret->merge[i]->dst = xstrdup(ret->merge_name[i]);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1156,19 +1261,17 @@ static struct ref *get_expanded_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 	struct ref *ret = NULL;
 	struct ref **tail = &ret;
 
-	int remote_prefix_len = strlen(refspec->src);
-	int local_prefix_len = strlen(refspec->dst);
+	char *expn_name;
 
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (strchr(ref->name, '^'))
 			continue; /* a dereference item */
-		if (!prefixcmp(ref->name, refspec->src)) {
-			const char *match;
+		if (match_name_with_pattern(refspec->src, ref->name,
+					    refspec->dst, &expn_name)) {
 			struct ref *cpy = copy_ref(ref);
-			match = ref->name + remote_prefix_len;
 
-			cpy->peer_ref = alloc_ref_with_prefix(refspec->dst,
-					local_prefix_len, match);
+			cpy->peer_ref = alloc_ref(expn_name);
+			free(expn_name);
 			if (refspec->force)
 				cpy->peer_ref->force = 1;
 			*tail = cpy;
@@ -1201,7 +1304,7 @@ struct ref *get_remote_ref(const struct ref *remote_refs, const char *name)
 
 static struct ref *get_local_ref(const char *name)
 {
-	if (!name)
+	if (!name || name[0] == '\0')
 		return NULL;
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/"))
@@ -1271,6 +1374,54 @@ int resolve_remote_symref(struct ref *ref, struct ref *list)
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static void unmark_and_free(struct commit_list *list, unsigned int mark)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct commit_list *temp = list;
+		temp->item->object.flags &= ~mark;
+		list = temp->next;
+		free(temp);
+	}
+}
+
+int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
+{
+	struct object *o;
+	struct commit *old, *new;
+	struct commit_list *list, *used;
+	int found = 0;
+
+	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
+	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
+	 */
+	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
+	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 0;
+	old = (struct commit *) o;
+
+	o = deref_tag(parse_object(new_sha1), NULL, 0);
+	if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 0;
+	new = (struct commit *) o;
+
+	if (parse_commit(new) < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	used = list = NULL;
+	commit_list_insert(new, &list);
+	while (list) {
+		new = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, TMP_MARK);
+		commit_list_insert(new, &used);
+		if (new == old) {
+			found = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	unmark_and_free(list, TMP_MARK);
+	unmark_and_free(used, TMP_MARK);
+	return found;
+}
+
 /*
  * Return true if there is anything to report, otherwise false.
  */
@@ -1298,13 +1449,13 @@ int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs)
 	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
 	if (!resolve_ref(base, sha1, 1, NULL))
 		return 0;
-	theirs = lookup_commit(sha1);
+	theirs = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!theirs)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!resolve_ref(branch->refname, sha1, 1, NULL))
 		return 0;
-	ours = lookup_commit(sha1);
+	ours = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!ours)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -1359,9 +1510,7 @@ int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb)
 		return 0;
 
 	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
-	if (!prefixcmp(base, "refs/remotes/")) {
-		base += strlen("refs/remotes/");
-	}
+	base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(base, 0);
 	if (!num_theirs)
 		strbuf_addf(sb, "Your branch is ahead of '%s' "
 			    "by %d commit%s.\n",
@@ -1378,3 +1527,107 @@ int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb)
 			    base, num_ours, num_theirs);
 	return 1;
 }
+
+static int one_local_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct ref ***local_tail = cb_data;
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int len;
+
+	/* we already know it starts with refs/ to get here */
+	if (check_ref_format(refname + 5))
+		return 0;
+
+	len = strlen(refname) + 1;
+	ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + len);
+	hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
+	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
+	**local_tail = ref;
+	*local_tail = &ref->next;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref *get_local_heads(void)
+{
+	struct ref *local_refs = NULL, **local_tail = &local_refs;
+	for_each_ref(one_local_ref, &local_tail);
+	return local_refs;
+}
+
+struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
+			      const struct ref *refs,
+			      int all)
+{
+	const struct ref *r;
+	struct ref *list = NULL;
+	struct ref **tail = &list;
+
+	if (!head)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Some transports support directly peeking at
+	 * where HEAD points; if that is the case, then
+	 * we don't have to guess.
+	 */
+	if (head->symref)
+		return copy_ref(find_ref_by_name(refs, head->symref));
+
+	/* If refs/heads/master could be right, it is. */
+	if (!all) {
+		r = find_ref_by_name(refs, "refs/heads/master");
+		if (r && !hashcmp(r->old_sha1, head->old_sha1))
+			return copy_ref(r);
+	}
+
+	/* Look for another ref that points there */
+	for (r = refs; r; r = r->next) {
+		if (r != head && !hashcmp(r->old_sha1, head->old_sha1)) {
+			*tail = copy_ref(r);
+			tail = &((*tail)->next);
+			if (!all)
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return list;
+}
+
+struct stale_heads_info {
+	struct remote *remote;
+	struct string_list *ref_names;
+	struct ref **stale_refs_tail;
+};
+
+static int get_stale_heads_cb(const char *refname,
+	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct stale_heads_info *info = cb_data;
+	struct refspec refspec;
+	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
+	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(info->remote, &refspec)) {
+		if (!((flags & REF_ISSYMREF) ||
+		    string_list_has_string(info->ref_names, refspec.src))) {
+			struct ref *ref = make_linked_ref(refname, &info->stale_refs_tail);
+			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct remote *remote, struct ref *fetch_map)
+{
+	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = NULL;
+	struct string_list ref_names = { NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+	struct stale_heads_info info;
+	info.remote = remote;
+	info.ref_names = &ref_names;
+	info.stale_refs_tail = &stale_refs;
+	for (ref = fetch_map; ref; ref = ref->next)
+		string_list_append(ref->name, &ref_names);
+	sort_string_list(&ref_names);
+	for_each_ref(get_stale_heads_cb, &info);
+	string_list_clear(&ref_names, 0);
+	return stale_refs;
+}
diff --git a/remote.h b/remote.h
index a46a5be13..d0aba81ea 100644
--- a/remote.h
+++ b/remote.h
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ struct remote {
 	int url_nr;
 	int url_alloc;
 
+	const char **pushurl;
+	int pushurl_nr;
+	int pushurl_alloc;
+
 	const char **push_refspec;
 	struct refspec *push;
 	int push_refspec_nr;
@@ -45,6 +49,7 @@ struct remote {
 };
 
 struct remote *remote_get(const char *name);
+int remote_is_configured(const char *name);
 
 typedef int each_remote_fn(struct remote *remote, void *priv);
 int for_each_remote(each_remote_fn fn, void *priv);
@@ -74,6 +79,7 @@ int check_ref_type(const struct ref *ref, int flags);
 void free_refs(struct ref *ref);
 
 int resolve_remote_symref(struct ref *ref, struct ref *list);
+int ref_newer(const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
 
 /*
  * Removes and frees any duplicate refs in the map.
@@ -83,7 +89,7 @@ void ref_remove_duplicates(struct ref *ref_map);
 int valid_fetch_refspec(const char *refspec);
 struct refspec *parse_fetch_refspec(int nr_refspec, const char **refspec);
 
-int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref *dst, struct ref ***dst_tail,
+int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
 	       int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int all);
 
 /*
@@ -137,4 +143,18 @@ enum match_refs_flags {
 int stat_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, int *num_ours, int *num_theirs);
 int format_tracking_info(struct branch *branch, struct strbuf *sb);
 
+struct ref *get_local_heads(void);
+/*
+ * Find refs from a list which are likely to be pointed to by the given HEAD
+ * ref. If 'all' is false, returns the most likely ref; otherwise, returns a
+ * list of all candidate refs. If no match is found (or 'head' is NULL),
+ * returns NULL. All returns are newly allocated and should be freed.
+ */
+struct ref *guess_remote_head(const struct ref *head,
+			      const struct ref *refs,
+			      int all);
+
+/* Return refs which no longer exist on remote */
+struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct remote *remote, struct ref *fetch_map);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/replace_object.c b/replace_object.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eb59604fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/replace_object.c
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+static struct replace_object {
+	unsigned char sha1[2][20];
+} **replace_object;
+
+static int replace_object_alloc, replace_object_nr;
+
+static const unsigned char *replace_sha1_access(size_t index, void *table)
+{
+	struct replace_object **replace = table;
+	return replace[index]->sha1[0];
+}
+
+static int replace_object_pos(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return sha1_pos(sha1, replace_object, replace_object_nr,
+			replace_sha1_access);
+}
+
+static int register_replace_object(struct replace_object *replace,
+				   int ignore_dups)
+{
+	int pos = replace_object_pos(replace->sha1[0]);
+
+	if (0 <= pos) {
+		if (ignore_dups)
+			free(replace);
+		else {
+			free(replace_object[pos]);
+			replace_object[pos] = replace;
+		}
+		return 1;
+	}
+	pos = -pos - 1;
+	if (replace_object_alloc <= ++replace_object_nr) {
+		replace_object_alloc = alloc_nr(replace_object_alloc);
+		replace_object = xrealloc(replace_object,
+					  sizeof(*replace_object) *
+					  replace_object_alloc);
+	}
+	if (pos < replace_object_nr)
+		memmove(replace_object + pos + 1,
+			replace_object + pos,
+			(replace_object_nr - pos - 1) *
+			sizeof(*replace_object));
+	replace_object[pos] = replace;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int register_replace_ref(const char *refname,
+				const unsigned char *sha1,
+				int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	/* Get sha1 from refname */
+	const char *slash = strrchr(refname, '/');
+	const char *hash = slash ? slash + 1 : refname;
+	struct replace_object *repl_obj = xmalloc(sizeof(*repl_obj));
+
+	if (strlen(hash) != 40 || get_sha1_hex(hash, repl_obj->sha1[0])) {
+		free(repl_obj);
+		warning("bad replace ref name: %s", refname);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Copy sha1 from the read ref */
+	hashcpy(repl_obj->sha1[1], sha1);
+
+	/* Register new object */
+	if (register_replace_object(repl_obj, 1))
+		die("duplicate replace ref: %s", refname);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void prepare_replace_object(void)
+{
+	static int replace_object_prepared;
+
+	if (replace_object_prepared)
+		return;
+
+	for_each_replace_ref(register_replace_ref, NULL);
+	replace_object_prepared = 1;
+}
+
+/* We allow "recursive" replacement. Only within reason, though */
+#define MAXREPLACEDEPTH 5
+
+const unsigned char *lookup_replace_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int pos, depth = MAXREPLACEDEPTH;
+	const unsigned char *cur = sha1;
+
+	if (!read_replace_refs)
+		return sha1;
+
+	prepare_replace_object();
+
+	/* Try to recursively replace the object */
+	do {
+		if (--depth < 0)
+			die("replace depth too high for object %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+		pos = replace_object_pos(cur);
+		if (0 <= pos)
+			cur = replace_object[pos]->sha1[1];
+	} while (0 <= pos);
+
+	return cur;
+}
diff --git a/rerere.c b/rerere.c
index 02931a151..29f95f657 100644
--- a/rerere.c
+++ b/rerere.c
@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@ static int rerere_autoupdate;
 
 static char *merge_rr_path;
 
-static const char *rr_path(const char *name, const char *file)
+const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file)
 {
-	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", name, file);
+	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", hex, file);
 }
 
-static int has_resolution(const char *name)
+int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	return !stat(rr_path(name, "postimage"), &st);
+	return !stat(rerere_path(hex, "postimage"), &st);
 }
 
 static void read_rr(struct string_list *rr)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static int write_rr(struct string_list *rr, int out_fd)
 		path = rr->items[i].string;
 		length = strlen(path) + 1;
 		if (write_in_full(out_fd, rr->items[i].util, 40) != 40 ||
-		    write_in_full(out_fd, "\t", 1) != 1 ||
+		    write_str_in_full(out_fd, "\t") != 1 ||
 		    write_in_full(out_fd, path, length) != length)
 			die("unable to write rerere record");
 	}
@@ -70,6 +70,19 @@ static int write_rr(struct string_list *rr, int out_fd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void ferr_write(const void *p, size_t count, FILE *fp, int *err)
+{
+	if (!count || *err)
+		return;
+	if (fwrite(p, count, 1, fp) != 1)
+		*err = errno;
+}
+
+static inline void ferr_puts(const char *s, FILE *fp, int *err)
+{
+	ferr_write(s, strlen(s), fp, err);
+}
+
 static int handle_file(const char *path,
 	 unsigned char *sha1, const char *output)
 {
@@ -82,6 +95,7 @@ static int handle_file(const char *path,
 	struct strbuf one = STRBUF_INIT, two = STRBUF_INIT;
 	FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
 	FILE *out = NULL;
+	int wrerror = 0;
 
 	if (!f)
 		return error("Could not open %s", path);
@@ -118,11 +132,11 @@ static int handle_file(const char *path,
 			hunk_no++;
 			hunk = RR_CONTEXT;
 			if (out) {
-				fputs("<<<<<<<\n", out);
-				fwrite(one.buf, one.len, 1, out);
-				fputs("=======\n", out);
-				fwrite(two.buf, two.len, 1, out);
-				fputs(">>>>>>>\n", out);
+				ferr_puts("<<<<<<<\n", out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_write(one.buf, one.len, out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_puts("=======\n", out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_write(two.buf, two.len, out, &wrerror);
+				ferr_puts(">>>>>>>\n", out, &wrerror);
 			}
 			if (sha1) {
 				git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, one.buf ? one.buf : "",
@@ -139,7 +153,7 @@ static int handle_file(const char *path,
 		else if (hunk == RR_SIDE_2)
 			strbuf_addstr(&two, buf);
 		else if (out)
-			fputs(buf, out);
+			ferr_puts(buf, out, &wrerror);
 		continue;
 	bad:
 		hunk = 99; /* force error exit */
@@ -149,15 +163,21 @@ static int handle_file(const char *path,
 	strbuf_release(&two);
 
 	fclose(f);
-	if (out)
-		fclose(out);
+	if (wrerror)
+		error("There were errors while writing %s (%s)",
+		      path, strerror(wrerror));
+	if (out && fclose(out))
+		wrerror = error("Failed to flush %s: %s",
+				path, strerror(errno));
 	if (sha1)
 		git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &ctx);
 	if (hunk != RR_CONTEXT) {
 		if (output)
-			unlink(output);
+			unlink_or_warn(output);
 		return error("Could not parse conflict hunks in %s", path);
 	}
+	if (wrerror)
+		return -1;
 	return hunk_no;
 }
 
@@ -188,21 +208,25 @@ static int merge(const char *name, const char *path)
 	mmbuffer_t result = {NULL, 0};
 	xpparam_t xpp = {XDF_NEED_MINIMAL};
 
-	if (handle_file(path, NULL, rr_path(name, "thisimage")) < 0)
+	if (handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(name, "thisimage")) < 0)
 		return 1;
 
-	if (read_mmfile(&cur, rr_path(name, "thisimage")) ||
-			read_mmfile(&base, rr_path(name, "preimage")) ||
-			read_mmfile(&other, rr_path(name, "postimage")))
+	if (read_mmfile(&cur, rerere_path(name, "thisimage")) ||
+			read_mmfile(&base, rerere_path(name, "preimage")) ||
+			read_mmfile(&other, rerere_path(name, "postimage")))
 		return 1;
 	ret = xdl_merge(&base, &cur, "", &other, "",
 			&xpp, XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS, &result);
 	if (!ret) {
 		FILE *f = fopen(path, "w");
 		if (!f)
-			return error("Could not write to %s", path);
-		fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f);
-		fclose(f);
+			return error("Could not open %s: %s", path,
+				     strerror(errno));
+		if (fwrite(result.ptr, result.size, 1, f) != 1)
+			error("Could not write %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		if (fclose(f))
+			return error("Writing %s failed: %s", path,
+				     strerror(errno));
 	}
 
 	free(cur.ptr);
@@ -266,8 +290,8 @@ static int do_plain_rerere(struct string_list *rr, int fd)
 			hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 			string_list_insert(path, rr)->util = hex;
 			if (mkdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", hex), 0755))
-				continue;;
-			handle_file(path, NULL, rr_path(hex, "preimage"));
+				continue;
+			handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(hex, "preimage"));
 			fprintf(stderr, "Recorded preimage for '%s'\n", path);
 		}
 	}
@@ -283,7 +307,7 @@ static int do_plain_rerere(struct string_list *rr, int fd)
 		const char *path = rr->items[i].string;
 		const char *name = (const char *)rr->items[i].util;
 
-		if (has_resolution(name)) {
+		if (has_rerere_resolution(name)) {
 			if (!merge(name, path)) {
 				if (rerere_autoupdate)
 					string_list_insert(path, &update);
@@ -302,7 +326,7 @@ static int do_plain_rerere(struct string_list *rr, int fd)
 			continue;
 
 		fprintf(stderr, "Recorded resolution for '%s'.\n", path);
-		copy_file(rr_path(name, "postimage"), path, 0666);
+		copy_file(rerere_path(name, "postimage"), path, 0666);
 	mark_resolved:
 		rr->items[i].util = NULL;
 	}
diff --git a/rerere.h b/rerere.h
index f9b03862f..13313f3f2 100644
--- a/rerere.h
+++ b/rerere.h
@@ -5,5 +5,7 @@
 
 extern int setup_rerere(struct string_list *);
 extern int rerere(void);
+extern const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file);
+extern int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index db60f06c9..34f9ab98d 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
 
 volatile show_early_output_fn_t show_early_output;
 
-static char *path_name(struct name_path *path, const char *name)
+char *path_name(const struct name_path *path, const char *name)
 {
-	struct name_path *p;
+	const struct name_path *p;
 	char *n, *m;
 	int nlen = strlen(name);
 	int len = nlen + 1;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit)
 static void add_pending_object_with_mode(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *obj, const char *name, unsigned mode)
 {
 	if (revs->no_walk && (obj->flags & UNINTERESTING))
-		die("object ranges do not make sense when not walking revisions");
+		revs->no_walk = 0;
 	if (revs->reflog_info && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT &&
 			add_reflog_for_walk(revs->reflog_info,
 				(struct commit *)obj, name))
@@ -183,8 +183,11 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *object
 		if (!tag->tagged)
 			die("bad tag");
 		object = parse_object(tag->tagged->sha1);
-		if (!object)
+		if (!object) {
+			if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
+				return NULL;
 			die("bad object %s", sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *object
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Tree object? Either mark it uniniteresting, or add it
+	 * Tree object? Either mark it uninteresting, or add it
 	 * to the list of objects to look at later..
 	 */
 	if (object->type == OBJ_TREE) {
@@ -253,10 +256,12 @@ static int everybody_uninteresting(struct commit_list *orig)
 
 /*
  * The goal is to get REV_TREE_NEW as the result only if the
- * diff consists of all '+' (and no other changes), and
- * REV_TREE_DIFFERENT otherwise (of course if the trees are
- * the same we want REV_TREE_SAME).  That means that once we
- * get to REV_TREE_DIFFERENT, we do not have to look any further.
+ * diff consists of all '+' (and no other changes), REV_TREE_OLD
+ * if the whole diff is removal of old data, and otherwise
+ * REV_TREE_DIFFERENT (of course if the trees are the same we
+ * want REV_TREE_SAME).
+ * That means that once we get to REV_TREE_DIFFERENT, we do not
+ * have to look any further.
  */
 static int tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
 
@@ -265,22 +270,9 @@ static void file_add_remove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
 		    const char *fullpath)
 {
-	int diff = REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
+	int diff = addremove == '+' ? REV_TREE_NEW : REV_TREE_OLD;
 
-	/*
-	 * Is it an add of a new file? It means that the old tree
-	 * didn't have it at all, so we will turn "REV_TREE_SAME" ->
-	 * "REV_TREE_NEW", but leave any "REV_TREE_DIFFERENT" alone
-	 * (and if it already was "REV_TREE_NEW", we'll keep it
-	 * "REV_TREE_NEW" of course).
-	 */
-	if (addremove == '+') {
-		diff = tree_difference;
-		if (diff != REV_TREE_SAME)
-			return;
-		diff = REV_TREE_NEW;
-	}
-	tree_difference = diff;
+	tree_difference |= diff;
 	if (tree_difference == REV_TREE_DIFFERENT)
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, HAS_CHANGES);
 }
@@ -302,6 +294,8 @@ static int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *parent, struct
 
 	if (!t1)
 		return REV_TREE_NEW;
+	if (!t2)
+		return REV_TREE_OLD;
 
 	if (revs->simplify_by_decoration) {
 		/*
@@ -320,8 +314,7 @@ static int rev_compare_tree(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *parent, struct
 		if (!revs->prune_data)
 			return REV_TREE_SAME;
 	}
-	if (!t2)
-		return REV_TREE_DIFFERENT;
+
 	tree_difference = REV_TREE_SAME;
 	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs->pruning, HAS_CHANGES);
 	if (diff_tree_sha1(t1->object.sha1, t2->object.sha1, "",
@@ -426,6 +419,7 @@ static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 				p->parents = NULL;
 			}
 		/* fallthrough */
+		case REV_TREE_OLD:
 		case REV_TREE_DIFFERENT:
 			tree_changed = 1;
 			pp = &parent->next;
@@ -479,9 +473,10 @@ static int add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
 		while (parent) {
 			struct commit *p = parent->item;
 			parent = parent->next;
+			if (p)
+				p->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 			if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
-				return -1;
-			p->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+				continue;
 			if (p->parents)
 				mark_parents_uninteresting(p);
 			if (p->object.flags & SEEN)
@@ -958,21 +953,59 @@ int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs)
+static void read_pathspec_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs, struct strbuf *sb, const char ***prune_data)
 {
-	char line[1000];
+	const char **prune = *prune_data;
+	int prune_nr;
+	int prune_alloc;
+
+	/* count existing ones */
+	if (!prune)
+		prune_nr = 0;
+	else
+		for (prune_nr = 0; prune[prune_nr]; prune_nr++)
+			;
+	prune_alloc = prune_nr; /* not really, but we do not know */
 
-	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL) {
-		int len = strlen(line);
-		if (len && line[len - 1] == '\n')
-			line[--len] = '\0';
+	while (strbuf_getwholeline(sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		int len = sb->len;
+		if (len && sb->buf[len - 1] == '\n')
+			sb->buf[--len] = '\0';
+		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
+		prune[prune_nr++] = xstrdup(sb->buf);
+	}
+	if (prune) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
+		prune[prune_nr] = NULL;
+	}
+	*prune_data = prune;
+}
+
+static void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs, const char ***prune)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb;
+	int seen_dashdash = 0;
+
+	strbuf_init(&sb, 1000);
+	while (strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
+		int len = sb.len;
+		if (len && sb.buf[len - 1] == '\n')
+			sb.buf[--len] = '\0';
 		if (!len)
 			break;
-		if (line[0] == '-')
+		if (sb.buf[0] == '-') {
+			if (len == 2 && sb.buf[1] == '-') {
+				seen_dashdash = 1;
+				break;
+			}
 			die("options not supported in --stdin mode");
-		if (handle_revision_arg(line, revs, 0, 1))
-			die("bad revision '%s'", line);
+		}
+		if (handle_revision_arg(sb.buf, revs, 0, 1))
+			die("bad revision '%s'", sb.buf);
 	}
+	if (seen_dashdash)
+		read_pathspec_from_stdin(revs, &sb, prune);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 static void add_grep(struct rev_info *revs, const char *ptn, enum grep_pat_token what)
@@ -990,16 +1023,6 @@ static void add_message_grep(struct rev_info *revs, const char *pattern)
 	add_grep(revs, pattern, GREP_PATTERN_BODY);
 }
 
-static void add_ignore_packed(struct rev_info *revs, const char *name)
-{
-	int num = ++revs->num_ignore_packed;
-
-	revs->ignore_packed = xrealloc(revs->ignore_packed,
-				       sizeof(const char *) * (num + 1));
-	revs->ignore_packed[num-1] = name;
-	revs->ignore_packed[num] = NULL;
-}
-
 static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv,
 			       int *unkc, const char **unkv)
 {
@@ -1009,7 +1032,8 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 	if (!strcmp(arg, "--all") || !strcmp(arg, "--branches") ||
 	    !strcmp(arg, "--tags") || !strcmp(arg, "--remotes") ||
 	    !strcmp(arg, "--reflog") || !strcmp(arg, "--not") ||
-	    !strcmp(arg, "--no-walk") || !strcmp(arg, "--do-walk"))
+	    !strcmp(arg, "--no-walk") || !strcmp(arg, "--do-walk") ||
+	    !strcmp(arg, "--bisect"))
 	{
 		unkv[(*unkc)++] = arg;
 		return 1;
@@ -1067,7 +1091,7 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->simplify_by_decoration = 1;
 		revs->limited = 1;
 		revs->prune = 1;
-		load_ref_decorations();
+		load_ref_decorations(DECORATE_SHORT_REFS);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--date-order")) {
 		revs->lifo = 0;
 		revs->topo_order = 1;
@@ -1092,6 +1116,8 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->show_all = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--remove-empty")) {
 		revs->remove_empty_trees = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--merges")) {
+		revs->merges_only = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-merges")) {
 		revs->no_merges = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--boundary")) {
@@ -1112,12 +1138,8 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->edge_hint = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--unpacked")) {
 		revs->unpacked = 1;
-		free(revs->ignore_packed);
-		revs->ignore_packed = NULL;
-		revs->num_ignore_packed = 0;
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--unpacked=")) {
-		revs->unpacked = 1;
-		add_ignore_packed(revs, arg+11);
+		die("--unpacked=<packfile> no longer supported.");
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-r")) {
 		revs->diff = 1;
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
@@ -1139,10 +1161,23 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->verbose_header = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--pretty")) {
 		revs->verbose_header = 1;
+		revs->pretty_given = 1;
 		get_commit_format(arg+8, revs);
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--pretty=")) {
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--pretty=") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--format=")) {
 		revs->verbose_header = 1;
+		revs->pretty_given = 1;
 		get_commit_format(arg+9, revs);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-notes")) {
+		revs->show_notes = 1;
+		revs->show_notes_given = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-notes")) {
+		revs->show_notes = 0;
+		revs->show_notes_given = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--oneline")) {
+		revs->verbose_header = 1;
+		get_commit_format("oneline", revs);
+		revs->pretty_given = 1;
+		revs->abbrev_commit = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--graph")) {
 		revs->topo_order = 1;
 		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
@@ -1172,8 +1207,10 @@ static int handle_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **arg
 		revs->simplify_history = 0;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative-date")) {
 		revs->date_mode = DATE_RELATIVE;
+		revs->date_mode_explicit = 1;
 	} else if (!strncmp(arg, "--date=", 7)) {
 		revs->date_mode = parse_date_format(arg + 7);
+		revs->date_mode_explicit = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--log-size")) {
 		revs->show_log_size = 1;
 	}
@@ -1229,6 +1266,44 @@ void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 	ctx->argc -= n;
 }
 
+static int for_each_bad_bisect_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/bad", fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+static int for_each_good_bisect_ref(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	return for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/good", fn, cb_data);
+}
+
+static void append_prune_data(const char ***prune_data, const char **av)
+{
+	const char **prune = *prune_data;
+	int prune_nr;
+	int prune_alloc;
+
+	if (!prune) {
+		*prune_data = av;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* count existing ones */
+	for (prune_nr = 0; prune[prune_nr]; prune_nr++)
+		;
+	prune_alloc = prune_nr; /* not really, but we do not know */
+
+	while (*av) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
+		prune[prune_nr++] = *av;
+		av++;
+	}
+	if (prune) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(prune, prune_nr+1, prune_alloc);
+		prune[prune_nr] = NULL;
+	}
+	*prune_data = prune;
+}
+
 /*
  * Parse revision information, filling in the "rev_info" structure,
  * and removing the used arguments from the argument list.
@@ -1238,7 +1313,8 @@ void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
  */
 int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const char *def)
 {
-	int i, flags, left, seen_dashdash;
+	int i, flags, left, seen_dashdash, read_from_stdin;
+	const char **prune_data = NULL;
 
 	/* First, search for "--" */
 	seen_dashdash = 0;
@@ -1249,13 +1325,14 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const ch
 		argv[i] = NULL;
 		argc = i;
 		if (argv[i + 1])
-			revs->prune_data = get_pathspec(revs->prefix, argv + i + 1);
+			prune_data = argv + i + 1;
 		seen_dashdash = 1;
 		break;
 	}
 
 	/* Second, deal with arguments and options */
 	flags = 0;
+	read_from_stdin = 0;
 	for (left = i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 		if (*arg == '-') {
@@ -1263,12 +1340,19 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const ch
 
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--all")) {
 				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_ref);
+				handle_refs(revs, flags, head_ref);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--branches")) {
 				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_branch_ref);
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect")) {
+				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_bad_bisect_ref);
+				handle_refs(revs, flags ^ UNINTERESTING, for_each_good_bisect_ref);
+				revs->bisect = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--tags")) {
 				handle_refs(revs, flags, for_each_tag_ref);
 				continue;
@@ -1293,6 +1377,16 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const ch
 				revs->no_walk = 0;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--stdin")) {
+				if (revs->disable_stdin) {
+					argv[left++] = arg;
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (read_from_stdin++)
+					die("--stdin given twice?");
+				read_revisions_from_stdin(revs, &prune_data);
+				continue;
+			}
 
 			opts = handle_revision_opt(revs, argc - i, argv + i, &left, argv);
 			if (opts > 0) {
@@ -1318,12 +1412,14 @@ int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, const ch
 			for (j = i; j < argc; j++)
 				verify_filename(revs->prefix, argv[j]);
 
-			revs->prune_data = get_pathspec(revs->prefix,
-							argv + i);
+			append_prune_data(&prune_data, argv + i);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (prune_data)
+		revs->prune_data = get_pathspec(revs->prefix, prune_data);
+
 	if (revs->def == NULL)
 		revs->def = def;
 	if (revs->show_merge)
@@ -1676,11 +1772,11 @@ static inline int want_ancestry(struct rev_info *revs)
 	return (revs->rewrite_parents || revs->children.name);
 }
 
-enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
+enum commit_action get_commit_action(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	if (commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
 		return commit_ignore;
-	if (revs->unpacked && has_sha1_pack(commit->object.sha1, revs->ignore_packed))
+	if (revs->unpacked && has_sha1_pack(commit->object.sha1))
 		return commit_ignore;
 	if (revs->show_all)
 		return commit_show;
@@ -1690,6 +1786,8 @@ enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 		return commit_ignore;
 	if (revs->no_merges && commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
 		return commit_ignore;
+	if (revs->merges_only && !(commit->parents && commit->parents->next))
+		return commit_ignore;
 	if (!commit_match(commit, revs))
 		return commit_ignore;
 	if (revs->prune && revs->dense) {
@@ -1702,12 +1800,23 @@ enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 			if (!commit->parents || !commit->parents->next)
 				return commit_ignore;
 		}
-		if (want_ancestry(revs) && rewrite_parents(revs, commit) < 0)
-			return commit_error;
 	}
 	return commit_show;
 }
 
+enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	enum commit_action action = get_commit_action(revs, commit);
+
+	if (action == commit_show &&
+	    !revs->show_all &&
+	    revs->prune && revs->dense && want_ancestry(revs)) {
+		if (rewrite_parents(revs, commit) < 0)
+			return commit_error;
+	}
+	return action;
+}
+
 static struct commit *get_revision_1(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	if (!revs->commits)
@@ -1733,14 +1842,16 @@ static struct commit *get_revision_1(struct rev_info *revs)
 			    (commit->date < revs->max_age))
 				continue;
 			if (add_parents_to_list(revs, commit, &revs->commits, NULL) < 0)
-				return NULL;
+				die("Failed to traverse parents of commit %s",
+				    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 		}
 
 		switch (simplify_commit(revs, commit)) {
 		case commit_ignore:
 			continue;
 		case commit_error:
-			return NULL;
+			die("Failed to simplify parents of commit %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 		default:
 			return commit;
 		}
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index 7cf848771..a14deefc2 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
 #define SYMMETRIC_LEFT	(1u<<8)
 #define ALL_REV_FLAGS	((1u<<9)-1)
 
+#define DECORATE_SHORT_REFS	1
+#define DECORATE_FULL_REFS	2
+
 struct rev_info;
 struct log_info;
 
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@ struct rev_info {
 	unsigned int	dense:1,
 			prune:1,
 			no_merges:1,
+			merges_only:1,
 			no_walk:1,
 			show_all:1,
 			remove_empty_trees:1,
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ struct rev_info {
 			blob_objects:1,
 			edge_hint:1,
 			limited:1,
-			unpacked:1, /* see also ignore_packed below */
+			unpacked:1,
 			boundary:2,
 			left_right:1,
 			rewrite_parents:1,
@@ -59,6 +63,7 @@ struct rev_info {
 			reverse:1,
 			reverse_output_stage:1,
 			cherry_pick:1,
+			bisect:1,
 			first_parent_only:1;
 
 	/* Diff flags */
@@ -75,21 +80,26 @@ struct rev_info {
 	/* Format info */
 	unsigned int	shown_one:1,
 			show_merge:1,
+			show_notes:1,
+			show_notes_given:1,
+			pretty_given:1,
 			abbrev_commit:1,
 			use_terminator:1,
-			missing_newline:1;
-	enum date_mode date_mode;
+			missing_newline:1,
+			date_mode_explicit:1;
+	unsigned int	disable_stdin:1;
 
-	const char **ignore_packed; /* pretend objects in these are unpacked */
-	int num_ignore_packed;
+	enum date_mode date_mode;
 
 	unsigned int	abbrev;
 	enum cmit_fmt	commit_format;
 	struct log_info *loginfo;
 	int		nr, total;
 	const char	*mime_boundary;
+	const char	*patch_suffix;
+	int		numbered_files;
 	char		*message_id;
-	const char	*ref_message_id;
+	struct string_list *ref_message_ids;
 	const char	*add_signoff;
 	const char	*extra_headers;
 	const char	*log_reencode;
@@ -119,12 +129,11 @@ struct rev_info {
 };
 
 #define REV_TREE_SAME		0
-#define REV_TREE_NEW		1
-#define REV_TREE_DIFFERENT	2
+#define REV_TREE_NEW		1	/* Only new files */
+#define REV_TREE_OLD		2	/* Only files removed */
+#define REV_TREE_DIFFERENT	3	/* Mixed changes */
 
 /* revision.c */
-void read_revisions_from_stdin(struct rev_info *revs);
-
 typedef void (*show_early_output_fn_t)(struct rev_info *, struct commit_list *);
 extern volatile show_early_output_fn_t show_early_output;
 
@@ -147,6 +156,8 @@ struct name_path {
 	const char *elem;
 };
 
+char *path_name(const struct name_path *path, const char *name);
+
 extern void add_object(struct object *obj,
 		       struct object_array *p,
 		       struct name_path *path,
@@ -162,6 +173,7 @@ enum commit_action {
 	commit_error
 };
 
+extern enum commit_action get_commit_action(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit);
 extern enum commit_action simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index c90cdc50e..cf2d8f7fa 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
 	int need_in, need_out, need_err;
 	int fdin[2], fdout[2], fderr[2];
+	int failed_errno = failed_errno;
 
 	/*
 	 * In case of errors we must keep the promise to close FDs
@@ -28,9 +29,10 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 	need_in = !cmd->no_stdin && cmd->in < 0;
 	if (need_in) {
 		if (pipe(fdin) < 0) {
+			failed_errno = errno;
 			if (cmd->out > 0)
 				close(cmd->out);
-			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
+			goto fail_pipe;
 		}
 		cmd->in = fdin[1];
 	}
@@ -40,11 +42,12 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		&& cmd->out < 0;
 	if (need_out) {
 		if (pipe(fdout) < 0) {
+			failed_errno = errno;
 			if (need_in)
 				close_pair(fdin);
 			else if (cmd->in)
 				close(cmd->in);
-			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
+			goto fail_pipe;
 		}
 		cmd->out = fdout[0];
 	}
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 	need_err = !cmd->no_stderr && cmd->err < 0;
 	if (need_err) {
 		if (pipe(fderr) < 0) {
+			failed_errno = errno;
 			if (need_in)
 				close_pair(fdin);
 			else if (cmd->in)
@@ -60,14 +64,18 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 				close_pair(fdout);
 			else if (cmd->out)
 				close(cmd->out);
-			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
+fail_pipe:
+			error("cannot create pipe for %s: %s",
+				cmd->argv[0], strerror(failed_errno));
+			errno = failed_errno;
+			return -1;
 		}
 		cmd->err = fderr[0];
 	}
 
 	trace_argv_printf(cmd->argv, "trace: run_command:");
 
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#ifndef WIN32
 	fflush(NULL);
 	cmd->pid = fork();
 	if (!cmd->pid) {
@@ -101,12 +109,12 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		}
 
 		if (cmd->dir && chdir(cmd->dir))
-			die("exec %s: cd to %s failed (%s)", cmd->argv[0],
-			    cmd->dir, strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("exec '%s': cd to '%s' failed", cmd->argv[0],
+			    cmd->dir);
 		if (cmd->env) {
 			for (; *cmd->env; cmd->env++) {
 				if (strchr(*cmd->env, '='))
-					putenv((char*)*cmd->env);
+					putenv((char *)*cmd->env);
 				else
 					unsetenv(*cmd->env);
 			}
@@ -118,9 +126,15 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		} else {
 			execvp(cmd->argv[0], (char *const*) cmd->argv);
 		}
-		die("exec %s failed.", cmd->argv[0]);
+		trace_printf("trace: exec '%s' failed: %s\n", cmd->argv[0],
+				strerror(errno));
+		exit(127);
 	}
+	if (cmd->pid < 0)
+		error("cannot fork() for %s: %s", cmd->argv[0],
+			strerror(failed_errno = errno));
 #else
+{
 	int s0 = -1, s1 = -1, s2 = -1;	/* backups of stdin, stdout, stderr */
 	const char **sargv = cmd->argv;
 	char **env = environ;
@@ -160,17 +174,17 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 
 	if (cmd->dir)
 		die("chdir in start_command() not implemented");
-	if (cmd->env) {
-		env = copy_environ();
-		for (; *cmd->env; cmd->env++)
-			env = env_setenv(env, *cmd->env);
-	}
+	if (cmd->env)
+		env = make_augmented_environ(cmd->env);
 
 	if (cmd->git_cmd) {
 		cmd->argv = prepare_git_cmd(cmd->argv);
 	}
 
 	cmd->pid = mingw_spawnvpe(cmd->argv[0], cmd->argv, env);
+	failed_errno = errno;
+	if (cmd->pid < 0 && (!cmd->silent_exec_failure || errno != ENOENT))
+		error("cannot spawn %s: %s", cmd->argv[0], strerror(errno));
 
 	if (cmd->env)
 		free_environ(env);
@@ -184,6 +198,7 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		dup2(s1, 1), close(s1);
 	if (s2 >= 0)
 		dup2(s2, 2), close(s2);
+}
 #endif
 
 	if (cmd->pid < 0) {
@@ -197,7 +212,8 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 			close(cmd->out);
 		if (need_err)
 			close_pair(fderr);
-		return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
+		errno = failed_errno;
+		return -1;
 	}
 
 	if (need_in)
@@ -216,35 +232,51 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid)
+static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0, int silent_exec_failure)
 {
-	for (;;) {
-		int status, code;
-		pid_t waiting = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
-
-		if (waiting < 0) {
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				continue;
-			error("waitpid failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
-			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID;
-		}
-		if (waiting != pid)
-			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID;
-		if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
-			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL;
-
-		if (!WIFEXITED(status))
-			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT;
+	int status, code = -1;
+	pid_t waiting;
+	int failed_errno = 0;
+
+	while ((waiting = waitpid(pid, &status, 0)) < 0 && errno == EINTR)
+		;	/* nothing */
+
+	if (waiting < 0) {
+		failed_errno = errno;
+		error("waitpid for %s failed: %s", argv0, strerror(errno));
+	} else if (waiting != pid) {
+		error("waitpid is confused (%s)", argv0);
+	} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
+		code = WTERMSIG(status);
+		error("%s died of signal %d", argv0, code);
+		/*
+		 * This return value is chosen so that code & 0xff
+		 * mimics the exit code that a POSIX shell would report for
+		 * a program that died from this signal.
+		 */
+		code -= 128;
+	} else if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
 		code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-		if (code)
-			return -code;
-		return 0;
+		/*
+		 * Convert special exit code when execvp failed.
+		 */
+		if (code == 127) {
+			code = -1;
+			failed_errno = ENOENT;
+			if (!silent_exec_failure)
+				error("cannot run %s: %s", argv0,
+					strerror(ENOENT));
+		}
+	} else {
+		error("waitpid is confused (%s)", argv0);
 	}
+	errno = failed_errno;
+	return code;
 }
 
 int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
-	return wait_or_whine(cmd->pid);
+	return wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0], cmd->silent_exec_failure);
 }
 
 int run_command(struct child_process *cmd)
@@ -264,6 +296,7 @@ static void prepare_run_command_v_opt(struct child_process *cmd,
 	cmd->no_stdin = opt & RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN ? 1 : 0;
 	cmd->git_cmd = opt & RUN_GIT_CMD ? 1 : 0;
 	cmd->stdout_to_stderr = opt & RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR ? 1 : 0;
+	cmd->silent_exec_failure = opt & RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
 int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt)
@@ -282,8 +315,8 @@ int run_command_v_opt_cd_env(const char **argv, int opt, const char *dir, const
 	return run_command(&cmd);
 }
 
-#ifdef __MINGW32__
-static __stdcall unsigned run_thread(void *data)
+#ifdef WIN32
+static unsigned __stdcall run_thread(void *data)
 {
 	struct async *async = data;
 	return async->proc(async->fd_for_proc, async->data);
@@ -298,7 +331,7 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 		return error("cannot create pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
 	async->out = pipe_out[0];
 
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#ifndef WIN32
 	/* Flush stdio before fork() to avoid cloning buffers */
 	fflush(NULL);
 
@@ -327,11 +360,8 @@ int start_async(struct async *async)
 
 int finish_async(struct async *async)
 {
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	if (wait_or_whine(async->pid))
-		ret = error("waitpid (async) failed");
+#ifndef WIN32
+	int ret = wait_or_whine(async->pid, "child process", 0);
 #else
 	DWORD ret = 0;
 	if (WaitForSingleObject(async->tid, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
@@ -342,3 +372,40 @@ int finish_async(struct async *async)
 #endif
 	return ret;
 }
+
+int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...)
+{
+	struct child_process hook;
+	const char **argv = NULL, *env[2];
+	char index[PATH_MAX];
+	va_list args;
+	int ret;
+	size_t i = 0, alloc = 0;
+
+	if (access(git_path("hooks/%s", name), X_OK) < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	va_start(args, name);
+	ALLOC_GROW(argv, i + 1, alloc);
+	argv[i++] = git_path("hooks/%s", name);
+	while (argv[i-1]) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(argv, i + 1, alloc);
+		argv[i++] = va_arg(args, const char *);
+	}
+	va_end(args);
+
+	memset(&hook, 0, sizeof(hook));
+	hook.argv = argv;
+	hook.no_stdin = 1;
+	hook.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+	if (index_file) {
+		snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
+		env[0] = index;
+		env[1] = NULL;
+		hook.env = env;
+	}
+
+	ret = run_command(&hook);
+	free(argv);
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index a8b0c209e..fb342090e 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -1,16 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef RUN_COMMAND_H
 #define RUN_COMMAND_H
 
-enum {
-	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK = 10000,
-	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC,
-	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE,
-	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID,
-	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID,
-	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL,
-	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT,
-};
-
 struct child_process {
 	const char **argv;
 	pid_t pid;
@@ -41,6 +31,7 @@ struct child_process {
 	unsigned no_stdout:1;
 	unsigned no_stderr:1;
 	unsigned git_cmd:1; /* if this is to be git sub-command */
+	unsigned silent_exec_failure:1;
 	unsigned stdout_to_stderr:1;
 	void (*preexec_cb)(void);
 };
@@ -49,9 +40,12 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *);
 int finish_command(struct child_process *);
 int run_command(struct child_process *);
 
+extern int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...);
+
 #define RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN 1
 #define RUN_GIT_CMD	     2	/*If this is to be git sub-command */
 #define RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR 4
+#define RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE 8
 int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt);
 
 /*
@@ -76,7 +70,7 @@ struct async {
 	int (*proc)(int fd, void *data);
 	void *data;
 	int out;	/* caller reads from here and closes it */
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#ifndef WIN32
 	pid_t pid;
 #else
 	HANDLE tid;
diff --git a/send-pack.h b/send-pack.h
index 8ff1dc353..28141ac91 100644
--- a/send-pack.h
+++ b/send-pack.h
@@ -2,17 +2,18 @@
 #define SEND_PACK_H
 
 struct send_pack_args {
-	const char *receivepack;
 	unsigned verbose:1,
-		send_all:1,
+		quiet:1,
 		send_mirror:1,
 		force_update:1,
 		use_thin_pack:1,
-		dry_run:1;
+		use_ofs_delta:1,
+		dry_run:1,
+		stateless_rpc:1;
 };
 
 int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
-	      const char *dest, struct remote *remote,
-	      int nr_heads, const char **heads);
+	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+	      struct ref *remote_refs, struct extra_have_objects *extra_have);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/server-info.c b/server-info.c
index 66b0d9d87..4098ca2b5 100644
--- a/server-info.c
+++ b/server-info.c
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ static int read_pack_info_file(const char *infofile)
 
 static int compare_info(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 {
-	struct pack_info * const* a = a_;
-	struct pack_info * const* b = b_;
+	struct pack_info *const *a = a_;
+	struct pack_info *const *b = b_;
 
 	if (0 <= (*a)->old_num && 0 <= (*b)->old_num)
 		/* Keep the order in the original */
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ int update_server_info(int force)
 	errs = errs | update_info_packs(force);
 
 	/* remove leftover rev-cache file if there is any */
-	unlink(git_path("info/rev-cache"));
+	unlink_or_warn(git_path("info/rev-cache"));
 
 	return errs;
 }
diff --git a/setup.c b/setup.c
index 78a8041ff..2cf0f1993 100644
--- a/setup.c
+++ b/setup.c
@@ -4,92 +4,6 @@
 static int inside_git_dir = -1;
 static int inside_work_tree = -1;
 
-static int sanitary_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src)
-{
-	char *dst0;
-
-	if (has_dos_drive_prefix(src)) {
-		*dst++ = *src++;
-		*dst++ = *src++;
-	}
-	dst0 = dst;
-
-	if (is_dir_sep(*src)) {
-		*dst++ = '/';
-		while (is_dir_sep(*src))
-			src++;
-	}
-
-	for (;;) {
-		char c = *src;
-
-		/*
-		 * A path component that begins with . could be
-		 * special:
-		 * (1) "." and ends   -- ignore and terminate.
-		 * (2) "./"           -- ignore them, eat slash and continue.
-		 * (3) ".." and ends  -- strip one and terminate.
-		 * (4) "../"          -- strip one, eat slash and continue.
-		 */
-		if (c == '.') {
-			if (!src[1]) {
-				/* (1) */
-				src++;
-			} else if (is_dir_sep(src[1])) {
-				/* (2) */
-				src += 2;
-				while (is_dir_sep(*src))
-					src++;
-				continue;
-			} else if (src[1] == '.') {
-				if (!src[2]) {
-					/* (3) */
-					src += 2;
-					goto up_one;
-				} else if (is_dir_sep(src[2])) {
-					/* (4) */
-					src += 3;
-					while (is_dir_sep(*src))
-						src++;
-					goto up_one;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		/* copy up to the next '/', and eat all '/' */
-		while ((c = *src++) != '\0' && !is_dir_sep(c))
-			*dst++ = c;
-		if (is_dir_sep(c)) {
-			*dst++ = '/';
-			while (is_dir_sep(c))
-				c = *src++;
-			src--;
-		} else if (!c)
-			break;
-		continue;
-
-	up_one:
-		/*
-		 * dst0..dst is prefix portion, and dst[-1] is '/';
-		 * go up one level.
-		 */
-		dst -= 2; /* go past trailing '/' if any */
-		if (dst < dst0)
-			return -1;
-		while (1) {
-			if (dst <= dst0)
-				break;
-			c = *dst--;
-			if (c == '/') {	/* MinGW: cannot be '\\' anymore */
-				dst += 2;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	*dst = '\0';
-	return 0;
-}
-
 const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 {
 	const char *orig = path;
@@ -101,12 +15,15 @@ const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 			memcpy(sanitized, prefix, len);
 		strcpy(sanitized + len, path);
 	}
-	if (sanitary_path_copy(sanitized, sanitized))
+	if (normalize_path_copy(sanitized, sanitized))
 		goto error_out;
 	if (is_absolute_path(orig)) {
+		size_t len, total;
 		const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
-		size_t len = strlen(work_tree);
-		size_t total = strlen(sanitized) + 1;
+		if (!work_tree)
+			goto error_out;
+		len = strlen(work_tree);
+		total = strlen(sanitized) + 1;
 		if (strncmp(sanitized, work_tree, len) ||
 		    (sanitized[len] != '\0' && sanitized[len] != '/')) {
 		error_out:
@@ -127,7 +44,7 @@ const char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 const char *prefix_filename(const char *pfx, int pfx_len, const char *arg)
 {
 	static char path[PATH_MAX];
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#ifndef WIN32
 	if (!pfx || !*pfx || is_absolute_path(arg))
 		return arg;
 	memcpy(path, pfx, pfx_len);
@@ -147,6 +64,19 @@ const char *prefix_filename(const char *pfx, int pfx_len, const char *arg)
 	return path;
 }
 
+int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
+{
+	const char *name;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	name = prefix ? prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg) : arg;
+	if (!lstat(name, &st))
+		return 1; /* file exists */
+	if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)
+		return 0; /* file does not exist */
+	die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", arg);
+}
+
 /*
  * Verify a filename that we got as an argument for a pathspec
  * entry. Note that a filename that begins with "-" never verifies
@@ -156,18 +86,12 @@ const char *prefix_filename(const char *pfx, int pfx_len, const char *arg)
  */
 void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 {
-	const char *name;
-	struct stat st;
-
 	if (*arg == '-')
 		die("bad flag '%s' used after filename", arg);
-	name = prefix ? prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg) : arg;
-	if (!lstat(name, &st))
+	if (check_filename(prefix, arg))
 		return;
-	if (errno == ENOENT)
-		die("ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
-		    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions", arg);
-	die("'%s': %s", arg, strerror(errno));
+	die("ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
+	    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions", arg);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -177,19 +101,14 @@ void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
  */
 void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 {
-	const char *name;
-	struct stat st;
-
 	if (!is_inside_work_tree() || is_inside_git_dir())
 		return;
 	if (*arg == '-')
 		return; /* flag */
-	name = prefix ? prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg) : arg;
-	if (!lstat(name, &st))
-		die("ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
-		    "Use '--' to separate filenames from revisions", arg);
-	if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
-		die("'%s': %s", arg, strerror(errno));
+	if (!check_filename(prefix, arg))
+		return;
+	die("ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
+	    "Use '--' to separate filenames from revisions", arg);
 }
 
 const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
@@ -343,7 +262,7 @@ const char *read_gitfile_gently(const char *path)
 		return NULL;
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("Error opening %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Error opening '%s'", path);
 	buf = xmalloc(st.st_size + 1);
 	len = read_in_full(fd, buf, st.st_size);
 	close(fd);
@@ -413,7 +332,7 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 				return NULL;
 			set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(gitdirenv));
 			if (chdir(work_tree_env) < 0)
-				die ("Could not chdir to %s", work_tree_env);
+				die_errno ("Could not chdir to '%s'", work_tree_env);
 			strcat(buffer, "/");
 			return retval;
 		}
@@ -425,7 +344,7 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 	}
 
 	if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)-1))
-		die("Unable to read current working directory");
+		die_errno("Unable to read current working directory");
 
 	ceil_offset = longest_ancestor_length(cwd, env_ceiling_dirs);
 	if (ceil_offset < 0 && has_dos_drive_prefix(cwd))
@@ -456,7 +375,11 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 			inside_git_dir = 1;
 			if (!work_tree_env)
 				inside_work_tree = 0;
-			setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, ".", 1);
+			if (offset != len) {
+				cwd[offset] = '\0';
+				setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cwd, 1);
+			} else
+				setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, ".", 1);
 			check_repository_format_gently(nongit_ok);
 			return NULL;
 		}
@@ -464,13 +387,14 @@ const char *setup_git_directory_gently(int *nongit_ok)
 		if (offset <= ceil_offset) {
 			if (nongit_ok) {
 				if (chdir(cwd))
-					die("Cannot come back to cwd");
+					die_errno("Cannot come back to cwd");
 				*nongit_ok = 1;
 				return NULL;
 			}
-			die("Not a git repository");
+			die("Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): %s", DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 		}
-		chdir("..");
+		if (chdir(".."))
+			die_errno("Cannot change to '%s/..'", cwd);
 	}
 
 	inside_git_dir = 0;
@@ -515,7 +439,7 @@ int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value)
 
 	/*
 	 * Treat values 0, 1 and 2 as compatibility cases, otherwise it is
-	 * a chmod value.
+	 * a chmod value to restrict to.
 	 */
 	switch (i) {
 	case PERM_UMASK:               /* 0 */
@@ -537,7 +461,7 @@ int git_config_perm(const char *var, const char *value)
 	 * Mask filemode value. Others can not get write permission.
 	 * x flags for directories are handled separately.
 	 */
-	return i & 0666;
+	return -(i & 0666);
 }
 
 int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
@@ -574,10 +498,10 @@ const char *setup_git_directory(void)
 		static char buffer[PATH_MAX + 1];
 		char *rel;
 		if (retval && chdir(retval))
-			die ("Could not jump back into original cwd");
+			die_errno ("Could not jump back into original cwd");
 		rel = get_relative_cwd(buffer, PATH_MAX, get_git_work_tree());
 		if (rel && *rel && chdir(get_git_work_tree()))
-			die ("Could not jump to working directory");
+			die_errno ("Could not jump to working directory");
 		return rel && *rel ? strcat(rel, "/") : NULL;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sha1-lookup.c b/sha1-lookup.c
index da357479c..c4dc55d1f 100644
--- a/sha1-lookup.c
+++ b/sha1-lookup.c
@@ -1,6 +1,107 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
 
+static uint32_t take2(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return ((sha1[0] << 8) | sha1[1]);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
+ *
+ *      do {
+ *              int mi = (lo + hi) / 2;
+ *              int cmp = "entry pointed at by mi" minus "target";
+ *              if (!cmp)
+ *                      return (mi is the wanted one)
+ *              if (cmp > 0)
+ *                      hi = mi; "mi is larger than target"
+ *              else
+ *                      lo = mi+1; "mi is smaller than target"
+ *      } while (lo < hi);
+ *
+ * The invariants are:
+ *
+ * - When entering the loop, lo points at a slot that is never
+ *   above the target (it could be at the target), hi points at a
+ *   slot that is guaranteed to be above the target (it can never
+ *   be at the target).
+ *
+ * - We find a point 'mi' between lo and hi (mi could be the same
+ *   as lo, but never can be the same as hi), and check if it hits
+ *   the target.  There are three cases:
+ *
+ *    - if it is a hit, we are happy.
+ *
+ *    - if it is strictly higher than the target, we update hi with
+ *      it.
+ *
+ *    - if it is strictly lower than the target, we update lo to be
+ *      one slot after it, because we allow lo to be at the target.
+ *
+ * When choosing 'mi', we do not have to take the "middle" but
+ * anywhere in between lo and hi, as long as lo <= mi < hi is
+ * satisfied.  When we somehow know that the distance between the
+ * target and lo is much shorter than the target and hi, we could
+ * pick mi that is much closer to lo than the midway.
+ */
+/*
+ * The table should contain "nr" elements.
+ * The sha1 of element i (between 0 and nr - 1) should be returned
+ * by "fn(i, table)".
+ */
+int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1, void *table, size_t nr,
+	     sha1_access_fn fn)
+{
+	size_t hi = nr;
+	size_t lo = 0;
+	size_t mi = 0;
+
+	if (!nr)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (nr != 1) {
+		size_t lov, hiv, miv, ofs;
+
+		for (ofs = 0; ofs < 18; ofs += 2) {
+			lov = take2(fn(0, table) + ofs);
+			hiv = take2(fn(nr - 1, table) + ofs);
+			miv = take2(sha1 + ofs);
+			if (miv < lov)
+				return -1;
+			if (hiv < miv)
+				return -1 - nr;
+			if (lov != hiv) {
+				/*
+				 * At this point miv could be equal
+				 * to hiv (but sha1 could still be higher);
+				 * the invariant of (mi < hi) should be
+				 * kept.
+				 */
+				mi = (nr - 1) * (miv - lov) / (hiv - lov);
+				if (lo <= mi && mi < hi)
+					break;
+				die("BUG: assertion failed in binary search");
+			}
+		}
+		if (18 <= ofs)
+			die("cannot happen -- lo and hi are identical");
+	}
+
+	do {
+		int cmp;
+		cmp = hashcmp(fn(mi, table), sha1);
+		if (!cmp)
+			return mi;
+		if (cmp > 0)
+			hi = mi;
+		else
+			lo = mi + 1;
+		mi = (hi + lo) / 2;
+	} while (lo < hi);
+	return -lo-1;
+}
+
 /*
  * Conventional binary search loop looks like this:
  *
diff --git a/sha1-lookup.h b/sha1-lookup.h
index 3249a81b3..20af28568 100644
--- a/sha1-lookup.h
+++ b/sha1-lookup.h
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 #ifndef SHA1_LOOKUP_H
 #define SHA1_LOOKUP_H
 
+typedef const unsigned char *sha1_access_fn(size_t index, void *table);
+
+extern int sha1_pos(const unsigned char *sha1,
+		    void *table,
+		    size_t nr,
+		    sha1_access_fn fn);
+
 extern int sha1_entry_pos(const void *table,
 			  size_t elem_size,
 			  size_t key_offset,
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
index 6c0e251e0..63981fb3f 100644
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ b/sha1_file.c
@@ -673,6 +673,38 @@ void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **w_cursor)
 }
 
 /*
+ * This is used by git-repack in case a newly created pack happens to
+ * contain the same set of objects as an existing one.  In that case
+ * the resulting file might be different even if its name would be the
+ * same.  It is best to close any reference to the old pack before it is
+ * replaced on disk.  Of course no index pointers nor windows for given pack
+ * must subsist at this point.  If ever objects from this pack are requested
+ * again, the new version of the pack will be reinitialized through
+ * reprepare_packed_git().
+ */
+void free_pack_by_name(const char *pack_name)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p, **pp = &packed_git;
+
+	while (*pp) {
+		p = *pp;
+		if (strcmp(pack_name, p->pack_name) == 0) {
+			clear_delta_base_cache();
+			close_pack_windows(p);
+			if (p->pack_fd != -1)
+				close(p->pack_fd);
+			if (p->index_data)
+				munmap((void *)p->index_data, p->index_size);
+			free(p->bad_object_sha1);
+			*pp = p->next;
+			free(p);
+			return;
+		}
+		pp = &p->next;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
  * Do not call this directly as this leaks p->pack_fd on error return;
  * call open_packed_git() instead.
  */
@@ -688,6 +720,8 @@ static int open_packed_git_1(struct packed_git *p)
 		return error("packfile %s index unavailable", p->pack_name);
 
 	p->pack_fd = open(p->pack_name, O_RDONLY);
+	while (p->pack_fd < 0 && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(p, -1))
+		p->pack_fd = open(p->pack_name, O_RDONLY);
 	if (p->pack_fd < 0 || fstat(p->pack_fd, &st))
 		return -1;
 
@@ -759,7 +793,7 @@ static int in_window(struct pack_window *win, off_t offset)
 		&& (offset + 20) <= (win_off + win->len);
 }
 
-unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
+unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 		struct pack_window **w_cursor,
 		off_t offset,
 		unsigned int *left)
@@ -769,7 +803,7 @@ unsigned char* use_pack(struct packed_git *p,
 	if (p->pack_fd == -1 && open_packed_git(p))
 		die("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
 
-	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and its
+	/* Since packfiles end in a hash of their content and it's
 	 * pointless to ask for an offset into the middle of that
 	 * hash, and the in_window function above wouldn't match
 	 * don't allow an offset too close to the end of the file.
@@ -905,6 +939,8 @@ static void prepare_packed_git_one(char *objdir, int local)
 	sprintf(path, "%s/pack", objdir);
 	len = strlen(path);
 	dir = opendir(path);
+	while (!dir && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(packed_git, -1))
+		dir = opendir(path);
 	if (!dir) {
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
 			error("unable to open object pack directory: %s: %s",
@@ -1126,8 +1162,7 @@ unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf,
 		unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	unsigned shift;
-	unsigned char c;
-	unsigned long size;
+	unsigned long size, c;
 	unsigned long used = 0;
 
 	c = buf[used++];
@@ -1135,7 +1170,7 @@ unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf,
 	size = c & 15;
 	shift = 4;
 	while (c & 0x80) {
-		if (len <= used || sizeof(long) * 8 <= shift) {
+		if (len <= used || bitsizeof(long) <= shift) {
 			error("bad object header");
 			return 0;
 		}
@@ -1165,8 +1200,8 @@ static int unpack_sha1_header(z_stream *stream, unsigned char *map, unsigned lon
 	stream->avail_out = bufsiz;
 
 	if (legacy_loose_object(map)) {
-		inflateInit(stream);
-		return inflate(stream, 0);
+		git_inflate_init(stream);
+		return git_inflate(stream, 0);
 	}
 
 
@@ -1186,7 +1221,7 @@ static int unpack_sha1_header(z_stream *stream, unsigned char *map, unsigned lon
 	/* Set up the stream for the rest.. */
 	stream->next_in = map;
 	stream->avail_in = mapsize;
-	inflateInit(stream);
+	git_inflate_init(stream);
 
 	/* And generate the fake traditional header */
 	stream->total_out = 1 + snprintf(buffer, bufsiz, "%s %lu",
@@ -1223,11 +1258,11 @@ static void *unpack_sha1_rest(z_stream *stream, void *buffer, unsigned long size
 		stream->next_out = buf + bytes;
 		stream->avail_out = size - bytes;
 		while (status == Z_OK)
-			status = inflate(stream, Z_FINISH);
+			status = git_inflate(stream, Z_FINISH);
 	}
 	buf[size] = 0;
 	if (status == Z_STREAM_END && !stream->avail_in) {
-		inflateEnd(stream);
+		git_inflate_end(stream);
 		return buf;
 	}
 
@@ -1317,15 +1352,15 @@ unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *p,
 	stream.next_out = delta_head;
 	stream.avail_out = sizeof(delta_head);
 
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 	do {
 		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
 		stream.next_in = in;
-		st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
 		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
 	} while ((st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR) &&
 		 stream.total_out < sizeof(delta_head));
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) && stream.total_out != sizeof(delta_head)) {
 		error("delta data unpack-initial failed");
 		return 0;
@@ -1552,16 +1587,18 @@ static void *unpack_compressed_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 	buffer[size] = 0;
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 	stream.next_out = buffer;
-	stream.avail_out = size;
+	stream.avail_out = size + 1;
 
-	inflateInit(&stream);
+	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 	do {
 		in = use_pack(p, w_curs, curpos, &stream.avail_in);
 		stream.next_in = in;
-		st = inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		st = git_inflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
+		if (!stream.avail_out)
+			break; /* the payload is larger than it should be */
 		curpos += stream.next_in - in;
 	} while (st == Z_OK || st == Z_BUF_ERROR);
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	if ((st != Z_STREAM_END) || stream.total_out != size) {
 		free(buffer);
 		return NULL;
@@ -1632,6 +1669,13 @@ static inline void release_delta_base_cache(struct delta_base_cache_entry *ent)
 	}
 }
 
+void clear_delta_base_cache(void)
+{
+	unsigned long p;
+	for (p = 0; p < MAX_DELTA_CACHE; p++)
+		release_delta_base_cache(&delta_base_cache[p]);
+}
+
 static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
 	void *base, unsigned long base_size, enum object_type type)
 {
@@ -1669,6 +1713,9 @@ static void add_delta_base_cache(struct packed_git *p, off_t base_offset,
 	delta_base_cache_lru.prev = &ent->lru;
 }
 
+static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
+			 unsigned long *size);
+
 static void *unpack_delta_entry(struct packed_git *p,
 				struct pack_window **w_curs,
 				off_t curpos,
@@ -1877,25 +1924,7 @@ off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int matches_pack_name(struct packed_git *p, const char *name)
-{
-	const char *last_c, *c;
-
-	if (!strcmp(p->pack_name, name))
-		return 1;
-
-	for (c = p->pack_name, last_c = c; *c;)
-		if (*c == '/')
-			last_c = ++c;
-		else
-			++c;
-	if (!strcmp(last_c, name))
-		return 1;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e, const char **ignore_packed)
+static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e)
 {
 	static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
 	struct packed_git *p;
@@ -1907,15 +1936,6 @@ static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e, cons
 	p = (last_found == (void *)1) ? packed_git : last_found;
 
 	do {
-		if (ignore_packed) {
-			const char **ig;
-			for (ig = ignore_packed; *ig; ig++)
-				if (matches_pack_name(p, *ig))
-					break;
-			if (*ig)
-				goto next;
-		}
-
 		if (p->num_bad_objects) {
 			unsigned i;
 			for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
@@ -1986,7 +2006,7 @@ static int sha1_loose_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size
 		status = error("unable to parse %s header", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	else if (sizep)
 		*sizep = size;
-	inflateEnd(&stream);
+	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	munmap(map, mapsize);
 	return status;
 }
@@ -1996,7 +2016,7 @@ int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *sizep)
 	struct pack_entry e;
 	int status;
 
-	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL)) {
+	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e)) {
 		/* Most likely it's a loose object. */
 		status = sha1_loose_object_info(sha1, sizep);
 		if (status >= 0)
@@ -2004,7 +2024,7 @@ int sha1_object_info(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *sizep)
 
 		/* Not a loose object; someone else may have just packed it. */
 		reprepare_packed_git();
-		if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL))
+		if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
 			return status;
 	}
 
@@ -2023,7 +2043,7 @@ static void *read_packed_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1,
 	struct pack_entry e;
 	void *data;
 
-	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL))
+	if (!find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
 		return NULL;
 	data = cache_or_unpack_entry(e.p, e.offset, size, type, 1);
 	if (!data) {
@@ -2099,8 +2119,8 @@ int pretend_sha1_file(void *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type type,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
-		  unsigned long *size)
+static void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
+			 unsigned long *size)
 {
 	unsigned long mapsize;
 	void *map, *buf;
@@ -2126,13 +2146,26 @@ void *read_object(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
 	return read_packed_sha1(sha1, type, size);
 }
 
-void *read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type,
-		     unsigned long *size)
+void *read_sha1_file_repl(const unsigned char *sha1,
+			  enum object_type *type,
+			  unsigned long *size,
+			  const unsigned char **replacement)
 {
-	void *data = read_object(sha1, type, size);
+	const unsigned char *repl = lookup_replace_object(sha1);
+	void *data = read_object(repl, type, size);
+
+	/* die if we replaced an object with one that does not exist */
+	if (!data && repl != sha1)
+		die("replacement %s not found for %s",
+		    sha1_to_hex(repl), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
 	/* legacy behavior is to die on corrupted objects */
-	if (!data && (has_loose_object(sha1) || has_packed_and_bad(sha1)))
-		die("object %s is corrupted", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (!data && (has_loose_object(repl) || has_packed_and_bad(repl)))
+		die("object %s is corrupted", sha1_to_hex(repl));
+
+	if (replacement)
+		*replacement = repl;
+
 	return data;
 }
 
@@ -2201,12 +2234,18 @@ static void write_sha1_file_prepare(const void *buf, unsigned long len,
 }
 
 /*
- * Move the just written object into its final resting place
+ * Move the just written object into its final resting place.
+ * NEEDSWORK: this should be renamed to finalize_temp_file() as
+ * "moving" is only a part of what it does, when no patch between
+ * master to pu changes the call sites of this function.
  */
 int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
-	if (link(tmpfile, filename))
+
+	if (object_creation_mode == OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES)
+		goto try_rename;
+	else if (link(tmpfile, filename))
 		ret = errno;
 
 	/*
@@ -2217,15 +2256,16 @@ int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
 	 *
 	 * The same holds for FAT formatted media.
 	 *
-	 * When this succeeds, we just return 0. We have nothing
+	 * When this succeeds, we just return.  We have nothing
 	 * left to unlink.
 	 */
 	if (ret && ret != EEXIST) {
+	try_rename:
 		if (!rename(tmpfile, filename))
-			return 0;
+			goto out;
 		ret = errno;
 	}
-	unlink(tmpfile);
+	unlink_or_warn(tmpfile);
 	if (ret) {
 		if (ret != EEXIST) {
 			return error("unable to write sha1 filename %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(ret));
@@ -2233,6 +2273,9 @@ int move_temp_to_file(const char *tmpfile, const char *filename)
 		/* FIXME!!! Collision check here ? */
 	}
 
+out:
+	if (set_shared_perm(filename, (S_IFREG|0444)))
+		return error("unable to set permission to '%s'", filename);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2257,9 +2300,8 @@ static void close_sha1_file(int fd)
 {
 	if (fsync_object_files)
 		fsync_or_die(fd, "sha1 file");
-	fchmod(fd, 0444);
 	if (close(fd) != 0)
-		die("unable to write sha1 file");
+		die_errno("error when closing sha1 file");
 }
 
 /* Size of directory component, including the ending '/' */
@@ -2306,7 +2348,8 @@ static int create_tmpfile(char *buffer, size_t bufsiz, const char *filename)
 static int write_loose_object(const unsigned char *sha1, char *hdr, int hdrlen,
 			      void *buf, unsigned long len, time_t mtime)
 {
-	int fd, size, ret;
+	int fd, ret;
+	size_t size;
 	unsigned char *compressed;
 	z_stream stream;
 	char *filename;
@@ -2314,6 +2357,8 @@ static int write_loose_object(const unsigned char *sha1, char *hdr, int hdrlen,
 
 	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
 	fd = create_tmpfile(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), filename);
+	while (fd < 0 && errno == EMFILE && unuse_one_window(packed_git, -1))
+		fd = create_tmpfile(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), filename);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		if (errno == EACCES)
 			return error("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s\n", get_object_directory());
@@ -2421,17 +2466,17 @@ int has_pack_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1, const char **ignore_packed)
+int has_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct pack_entry e;
-	return find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, ignore_packed);
+	return find_pack_entry(sha1, &e);
 }
 
 int has_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct pack_entry e;
 
-	if (find_pack_entry(sha1, &e, NULL))
+	if (find_pack_entry(sha1, &e))
 		return 1;
 	return has_loose_object(sha1);
 }
@@ -2492,8 +2537,7 @@ int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, int write_object,
 int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write_object)
 {
 	int fd;
-	char *target;
-	size_t len;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFREG:
@@ -2506,20 +2550,17 @@ int index_path(unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, struct stat *st, int write
 				     path);
 		break;
 	case S_IFLNK:
-		len = xsize_t(st->st_size);
-		target = xmalloc(len + 1);
-		if (readlink(path, target, len + 1) != st->st_size) {
+		if (strbuf_readlink(&sb, path, st->st_size)) {
 			char *errstr = strerror(errno);
-			free(target);
 			return error("readlink(\"%s\"): %s", path,
 			             errstr);
 		}
 		if (!write_object)
-			hash_sha1_file(target, len, blob_type, sha1);
-		else if (write_sha1_file(target, len, blob_type, sha1))
+			hash_sha1_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, sha1);
+		else if (write_sha1_file(sb.buf, sb.len, blob_type, sha1))
 			return error("%s: failed to insert into database",
 				     path);
-		free(target);
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
 		break;
 	case S_IFDIR:
 		return resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", sha1);
diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1_name.c
index 159c2ab84..44bb62d27 100644
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1_name.c
@@ -238,8 +238,28 @@ static int ambiguous_path(const char *path, int len)
 	return slash;
 }
 
+/*
+ * *string and *len will only be substituted, and *string returned (for
+ * later free()ing) if the string passed in is of the form @{-<n>}.
+ */
+static char *substitute_branch_name(const char **string, int *len)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = interpret_branch_name(*string, &buf);
+
+	if (ret == *len) {
+		size_t size;
+		*string = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
+		*len = size;
+		return (char *)*string;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref)
 {
+	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
 	const char **p, *r;
 	int refs_found = 0;
 
@@ -248,22 +268,27 @@ int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref)
 		char fullref[PATH_MAX];
 		unsigned char sha1_from_ref[20];
 		unsigned char *this_result;
+		int flag;
 
 		this_result = refs_found ? sha1_from_ref : sha1;
 		mksnpath(fullref, sizeof(fullref), *p, len, str);
-		r = resolve_ref(fullref, this_result, 1, NULL);
+		r = resolve_ref(fullref, this_result, 1, &flag);
 		if (r) {
 			if (!refs_found++)
 				*ref = xstrdup(r);
 			if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
 				break;
-		}
+		} else if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+			   (len != 4 || strcmp(str, "HEAD")))
+			warning("ignoring dangling symref %s.", fullref);
 	}
+	free(last_branch);
 	return refs_found;
 }
 
 int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **log)
 {
+	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
 	const char **p;
 	int logs_found = 0;
 
@@ -294,9 +319,12 @@ int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **log)
 		if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
 			break;
 	}
+	free(last_branch);
 	return logs_found;
 }
 
+static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1);
+
 static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	static const char *warning = "warning: refname '%.*s' is ambiguous.\n";
@@ -307,10 +335,10 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 	if (len == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(str, sha1))
 		return 0;
 
-	/* basic@{time or number} format to query ref-log */
+	/* basic@{time or number or -number} format to query ref-log */
 	reflog_len = at = 0;
-	if (str[len-1] == '}') {
-		for (at = 0; at < len - 1; at++) {
+	if (len && str[len-1] == '}') {
+		for (at = len-2; at >= 0; at--) {
 			if (str[at] == '@' && str[at+1] == '{') {
 				reflog_len = (len-1) - (at+2);
 				len = at;
@@ -324,6 +352,16 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (!len && reflog_len) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int ret;
+		/* try the @{-N} syntax for n-th checkout */
+		ret = interpret_branch_name(str+at, &buf);
+		if (ret > 0) {
+			/* substitute this branch name and restart */
+			return get_sha1_1(buf.buf, buf.len, sha1);
+		} else if (ret == 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
 		/* allow "@{...}" to mean the current branch reflog */
 		refs_found = dwim_ref("HEAD", 4, sha1, &real_ref);
 	} else if (reflog_len)
@@ -379,8 +417,6 @@ static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1);
-
 static int get_parent(const char *name, int len,
 		      unsigned char *result, int idx)
 {
@@ -674,6 +710,90 @@ static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *prefix, unsigned char *sha1)
 	return retval;
 }
 
+struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata {
+	long cnt, alloc;
+	struct strbuf *buf;
+};
+
+static int grab_nth_branch_switch(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
+				  const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
+				  const char *message, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
+	const char *match = NULL, *target = NULL;
+	size_t len;
+	int nth;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(message, "checkout: moving from ")) {
+		match = message + strlen("checkout: moving from ");
+		target = strstr(match, " to ");
+	}
+
+	if (!match || !target)
+		return 0;
+
+	len = target - match;
+	nth = cb->cnt++ % cb->alloc;
+	strbuf_reset(&cb->buf[nth]);
+	strbuf_add(&cb->buf[nth], match, len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This reads "@{-N}" syntax, finds the name of the Nth previous
+ * branch we were on, and places the name of the branch in the given
+ * buf and returns the number of characters parsed if successful.
+ *
+ * If the input is not of the accepted format, it returns a negative
+ * number to signal an error.
+ *
+ * If the input was ok but there are not N branch switches in the
+ * reflog, it returns 0.
+ */
+int interpret_branch_name(const char *name, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	long nth;
+	int i, retval;
+	struct grab_nth_branch_switch_cbdata cb;
+	const char *brace;
+	char *num_end;
+
+	if (name[0] != '@' || name[1] != '{' || name[2] != '-')
+		return -1;
+	brace = strchr(name, '}');
+	if (!brace)
+		return -1;
+	nth = strtol(name+3, &num_end, 10);
+	if (num_end != brace)
+		return -1;
+	if (nth <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	cb.alloc = nth;
+	cb.buf = xmalloc(nth * sizeof(struct strbuf));
+	for (i = 0; i < nth; i++)
+		strbuf_init(&cb.buf[i], 20);
+	cb.cnt = 0;
+	retval = 0;
+	for_each_recent_reflog_ent("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, 40960, &cb);
+	if (cb.cnt < nth) {
+		cb.cnt = 0;
+		for_each_reflog_ent("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, &cb);
+	}
+	if (cb.cnt < nth)
+		goto release_return;
+	i = cb.cnt % nth;
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	strbuf_add(buf, cb.buf[i].buf, cb.buf[i].len);
+	retval = brace-name+1;
+
+release_return:
+	for (i = 0; i < nth; i++)
+		strbuf_release(&cb.buf[i]);
+	free(cb.buf);
+
+	return retval;
+}
+
 /*
  * This is like "get_sha1_basic()", except it allows "sha1 expressions",
  * notably "xyz^" for "parent of xyz"
diff --git a/shell.c b/shell.c
index e3393690d..e4864e04d 100644
--- a/shell.c
+++ b/shell.c
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ static struct commands {
 } cmd_list[] = {
 	{ "git-receive-pack", do_generic_cmd },
 	{ "git-upload-pack", do_generic_cmd },
+	{ "git-upload-archive", do_generic_cmd },
 	{ "cvs", do_cvs_cmd },
 	{ NULL },
 };
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	while (devnull_fd >= 0 && devnull_fd <= 2)
 		devnull_fd = dup(devnull_fd);
 	if (devnull_fd == -1)
-		die("opening /dev/null failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("opening /dev/null failed");
 	close (devnull_fd);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/show-index.c b/show-index.c
index 45bb53577..63f9da532 100644
--- a/show-index.c
+++ b/show-index.c
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 
+static const char show_index_usage[] =
+"git show-index < <packed archive index>";
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -8,6 +11,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	unsigned int version;
 	static unsigned int top_index[256];
 
+	if (argc != 1)
+		usage(show_index_usage);
 	if (fread(top_index, 2 * 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
 		die("unable to read header");
 	if (top_index[0] == htonl(PACK_IDX_SIGNATURE)) {
diff --git a/sideband.c b/sideband.c
index cca336054..d5ffa1c89 100644
--- a/sideband.c
+++ b/sideband.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 #define FIX_SIZE 10  /* large enough for any of the above */
 
-int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err)
+int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out)
 {
 	unsigned pf = strlen(PREFIX);
 	unsigned sf;
@@ -41,8 +41,7 @@ int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err)
 		if (len == 0)
 			break;
 		if (len < 1) {
-			len = sprintf(buf, "%s: protocol error: no band designator\n", me);
-			safe_write(err, buf, len);
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: protocol error: no band designator\n", me);
 			return SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
 		}
 		band = buf[pf] & 0xff;
@@ -50,8 +49,8 @@ int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err)
 		switch (band) {
 		case 3:
 			buf[pf] = ' ';
-			buf[pf+1+len] = '\n';
-			safe_write(err, buf, pf+1+len+1);
+			buf[pf+1+len] = '\0';
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", buf);
 			return SIDEBAND_REMOTE_ERROR;
 		case 2:
 			buf[pf] = ' ';
@@ -95,12 +94,12 @@ int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err)
 					memcpy(save, b + brk, sf);
 					b[brk + sf - 1] = b[brk - 1];
 					memcpy(b + brk - 1, suffix, sf);
-					safe_write(err, b, brk + sf);
+					fprintf(stderr, "%.*s", brk + sf, b);
 					memcpy(b + brk, save, sf);
 					len -= brk;
 				} else {
 					int l = brk ? brk : len;
-					safe_write(err, b, l);
+					fprintf(stderr, "%.*s", l, b);
 					len -= l;
 				}
 
@@ -112,10 +111,8 @@ int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err)
 			safe_write(out, buf + pf+1, len);
 			continue;
 		default:
-			len = sprintf(buf,
-				      "%s: protocol error: bad band #%d\n",
-				      me, band);
-			safe_write(err, buf, len);
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: protocol error: bad band #%d\n",
+				me, band);
 			return SIDEBAND_PROTOCOL_ERROR;
 		}
 	}
@@ -138,9 +135,14 @@ ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet
 		n = sz;
 		if (packet_max - 5 < n)
 			n = packet_max - 5;
-		sprintf(hdr, "%04x", n + 5);
-		hdr[4] = band;
-		safe_write(fd, hdr, 5);
+		if (0 <= band) {
+			sprintf(hdr, "%04x", n + 5);
+			hdr[4] = band;
+			safe_write(fd, hdr, 5);
+		} else {
+			sprintf(hdr, "%04x", n + 4);
+			safe_write(fd, hdr, 4);
+		}
 		safe_write(fd, p, n);
 		p += n;
 		sz -= n;
diff --git a/sideband.h b/sideband.h
index a84b6917c..d72db35d1 100644
--- a/sideband.h
+++ b/sideband.h
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #define DEFAULT_PACKET_MAX 1000
 #define LARGE_PACKET_MAX 65520
 
-int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out, int err);
+int recv_sideband(const char *me, int in_stream, int out);
 ssize_t send_sideband(int fd, int band, const char *data, ssize_t sz, int packet_max);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/sigchain.c b/sigchain.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1118b99e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sigchain.c
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#define SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS 32
+
+struct sigchain_signal {
+	sigchain_fun *old;
+	int n;
+	int alloc;
+};
+static struct sigchain_signal signals[SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS];
+
+static void check_signum(int sig)
+{
+	if (sig < 1 || sig >= SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS)
+		die("BUG: signal out of range: %d", sig);
+}
+
+int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f)
+{
+	struct sigchain_signal *s = signals + sig;
+	check_signum(sig);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(s->old, s->n + 1, s->alloc);
+	s->old[s->n] = signal(sig, f);
+	if (s->old[s->n] == SIG_ERR)
+		return -1;
+	s->n++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int sigchain_pop(int sig)
+{
+	struct sigchain_signal *s = signals + sig;
+	check_signum(sig);
+	if (s->n < 1)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (signal(sig, s->old[s->n - 1]) == SIG_ERR)
+		return -1;
+	s->n--;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f)
+{
+	sigchain_push(SIGINT, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGHUP, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGQUIT, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, f);
+}
diff --git a/sigchain.h b/sigchain.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..618083bce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sigchain.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#ifndef SIGCHAIN_H
+#define SIGCHAIN_H
+
+typedef void (*sigchain_fun)(int);
+
+int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f);
+int sigchain_pop(int sig);
+
+void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f);
+
+#endif /* SIGCHAIN_H */
diff --git a/strbuf.c b/strbuf.c
index 13be67e4d..a6153dca2 100644
--- a/strbuf.c
+++ b/strbuf.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 
 int prefixcmp(const char *str, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -139,14 +140,11 @@ void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **sbs)
 
 int strbuf_cmp(const struct strbuf *a, const struct strbuf *b)
 {
-	int cmp;
-	if (a->len < b->len) {
-		cmp = memcmp(a->buf, b->buf, a->len);
-		return cmp ? cmp : -1;
-	} else {
-		cmp = memcmp(a->buf, b->buf, b->len);
-		return cmp ? cmp : a->len != b->len;
-	}
+	int len = a->len < b->len ? a->len: b->len;
+	int cmp = memcmp(a->buf, b->buf, len);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	return a->len < b->len ? -1: a->len != b->len;
 }
 
 void strbuf_splice(struct strbuf *sb, size_t pos, size_t len,
@@ -256,18 +254,21 @@ size_t strbuf_expand_dict_cb(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *sb, size_t size, FILE *f)
 {
 	size_t res;
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
 
 	strbuf_grow(sb, size);
 	res = fread(sb->buf + sb->len, 1, size, f);
-	if (res > 0) {
+	if (res > 0)
 		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len + res);
-	}
+	else if (oldalloc == 0)
+		strbuf_release(sb);
 	return res;
 }
 
 ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
 {
 	size_t oldlen = sb->len;
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
 
 	strbuf_grow(sb, hint ? hint : 8192);
 	for (;;) {
@@ -275,7 +276,10 @@ ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
 
 		cnt = xread(fd, sb->buf + sb->len, sb->alloc - sb->len - 1);
 		if (cnt < 0) {
-			strbuf_setlen(sb, oldlen);
+			if (oldalloc == 0)
+				strbuf_release(sb);
+			else
+				strbuf_setlen(sb, oldlen);
 			return -1;
 		}
 		if (!cnt)
@@ -288,7 +292,37 @@ ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, size_t hint)
 	return sb->len - oldlen;
 }
 
-int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
+#define STRBUF_MAXLINK (2*PATH_MAX)
+
+int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
+{
+	size_t oldalloc = sb->alloc;
+
+	if (hint < 32)
+		hint = 32;
+
+	while (hint < STRBUF_MAXLINK) {
+		int len;
+
+		strbuf_grow(sb, hint);
+		len = readlink(path, sb->buf, hint);
+		if (len < 0) {
+			if (errno != ERANGE)
+				break;
+		} else if (len < hint) {
+			strbuf_setlen(sb, len);
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		/* .. the buffer was too small - try again */
+		hint *= 2;
+	}
+	if (oldalloc == 0)
+		strbuf_release(sb);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int strbuf_getwholeline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
 {
 	int ch;
 
@@ -298,10 +332,10 @@ int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
 
 	strbuf_reset(sb);
 	while ((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
-		if (ch == term)
-			break;
 		strbuf_grow(sb, 1);
 		sb->buf[sb->len++] = ch;
+		if (ch == term)
+			break;
 	}
 	if (ch == EOF && sb->len == 0)
 		return EOF;
@@ -310,6 +344,15 @@ int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *fp, int term)
+{
+	if (strbuf_getwholeline(sb, fp, term))
+		return EOF;
+	if (sb->buf[sb->len-1] == term)
+		strbuf_setlen(sb, sb->len-1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
 {
 	int fd, len;
@@ -324,3 +367,19 @@ int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
 
 	return len;
 }
+
+int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
+{
+	int len = strlen(name);
+	if (interpret_branch_name(name, sb) == len)
+		return 0;
+	strbuf_add(sb, name, len);
+	return len;
+}
+
+int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name)
+{
+	strbuf_branchname(sb, name);
+	strbuf_splice(sb, 0, 0, "refs/heads/", 11);
+	return check_ref_format(sb->buf);
+}
diff --git a/strbuf.h b/strbuf.h
index b1670d994..fa07ecf09 100644
--- a/strbuf.h
+++ b/strbuf.h
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
  *    build complex strings/buffers whose final size isn't easily known.
  *
  *    It is NOT legal to copy the ->buf pointer away.
- *    `strbuf_detach' is the operation that detachs a buffer from its shell
+ *    `strbuf_detach' is the operation that detaches a buffer from its shell
  *    while keeping the shell valid wrt its invariants.
  *
  * 2. the ->buf member is a byte array that has at least ->len + 1 bytes
@@ -117,17 +117,22 @@ struct strbuf_expand_dict_entry {
 };
 extern size_t strbuf_expand_dict_cb(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder, void *context);
 
-__attribute__((format(printf,2,3)))
+__attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
 extern void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...);
 
 extern size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *, size_t, FILE *);
 /* XXX: if read fails, any partial read is undone */
 extern ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *, int fd, size_t hint);
 extern int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
+extern int strbuf_readlink(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint);
 
+extern int strbuf_getwholeline(struct strbuf *, FILE *, int);
 extern int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *, FILE *, int);
 
 extern void stripspace(struct strbuf *buf, int skip_comments);
 extern int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *env);
 
+extern int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
+extern int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
+
 #endif /* STRBUF_H */
diff --git a/string-list.c b/string-list.c
index ddd83c8c7..1ac536e63 100644
--- a/string-list.c
+++ b/string-list.c
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ static int get_entry_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
 }
 
 /* returns -1-index if already exists */
-static int add_entry(struct string_list *list, const char *string)
+static int add_entry(int insert_at, struct string_list *list, const char *string)
 {
-	int exact_match;
-	int index = get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
+	int exact_match = 0;
+	int index = insert_at != -1 ? insert_at : get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
 
 	if (exact_match)
 		return -1 - index;
@@ -53,7 +53,13 @@ static int add_entry(struct string_list *list, const char *string)
 
 struct string_list_item *string_list_insert(const char *string, struct string_list *list)
 {
-	int index = add_entry(list, string);
+	return string_list_insert_at_index(-1, string, list);
+}
+
+struct string_list_item *string_list_insert_at_index(int insert_at,
+						     const char *string, struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int index = add_entry(insert_at, list, string);
 
 	if (index < 0)
 		index = -1 - index;
@@ -68,6 +74,16 @@ int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string)
 	return exact_match;
 }
 
+int string_list_find_insert_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+				  int negative_existing_index)
+{
+	int exact_match;
+	int index = get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
+	if (exact_match)
+		index = -1 - (negative_existing_index ? index : 0);
+	return index;
+}
+
 struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(const char *string, struct string_list *list)
 {
 	int exact_match, i = get_entry_index(list, string, &exact_match);
@@ -76,6 +92,16 @@ struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(const char *string, struct string_li
 	return list->items + i;
 }
 
+int for_each_string_list(string_list_each_func_t fn,
+			 struct string_list *list, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int i, ret = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+		if ((ret = fn(&list->items[i], cb_data)))
+			break;
+	return ret;
+}
+
 void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util)
 {
 	if (list->items) {
@@ -94,6 +120,25 @@ void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util)
 	list->nr = list->alloc = 0;
 }
 
+void string_list_clear_func(struct string_list *list, string_list_clear_func_t clearfunc)
+{
+	if (list->items) {
+		int i;
+		if (clearfunc) {
+			for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+				clearfunc(list->items[i].util, list->items[i].string);
+		}
+		if (list->strdup_strings) {
+			for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+				free(list->items[i].string);
+		}
+		free(list->items);
+	}
+	list->items = NULL;
+	list->nr = list->alloc = 0;
+}
+
+
 void print_string_list(const char *text, const struct string_list *p)
 {
 	int i;
diff --git a/string-list.h b/string-list.h
index 4d6a7051f..14bbc477d 100644
--- a/string-list.h
+++ b/string-list.h
@@ -15,9 +15,23 @@ struct string_list
 void print_string_list(const char *text, const struct string_list *p);
 void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util);
 
+/* Use this function to call a custom clear function on each util pointer */
+/* The string associated with the util pointer is passed as the second argument */
+typedef void (*string_list_clear_func_t)(void *p, const char *str);
+void string_list_clear_func(struct string_list *list, string_list_clear_func_t clearfunc);
+
+/* Use this function to iterate over each item */
+typedef int (*string_list_each_func_t)(struct string_list_item *, void *);
+int for_each_string_list(string_list_each_func_t,
+			 struct string_list *list, void *cb_data);
+
 /* Use these functions only on sorted lists: */
 int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string);
+int string_list_find_insert_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+				  int negative_existing_index);
 struct string_list_item *string_list_insert(const char *string, struct string_list *list);
+struct string_list_item *string_list_insert_at_index(int insert_at,
+						     const char *string, struct string_list *list);
 struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(const char *string, struct string_list *list);
 
 /* Use these functions only on unsorted lists: */
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..86aad653b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+
+int add_submodule_odb(const char *path)
+{
+	struct strbuf objects_directory = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&objects_directory, "%s/.git/objects/", path);
+	if (!is_directory(objects_directory.buf))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* avoid adding it twice */
+	for (alt_odb = alt_odb_list; alt_odb; alt_odb = alt_odb->next)
+		if (alt_odb->name - alt_odb->base == objects_directory.len &&
+				!strncmp(alt_odb->base, objects_directory.buf,
+					objects_directory.len))
+			return 0;
+
+	alt_odb = xmalloc(objects_directory.len + 42 + sizeof(*alt_odb));
+	alt_odb->next = alt_odb_list;
+	strcpy(alt_odb->base, objects_directory.buf);
+	alt_odb->name = alt_odb->base + objects_directory.len;
+	alt_odb->name[2] = '/';
+	alt_odb->name[40] = '\0';
+	alt_odb->name[41] = '\0';
+	alt_odb_list = alt_odb;
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
+		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
+		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	struct commit *commit, *left = left, *right = right;
+	struct commit_list *merge_bases, *list;
+	const char *message = NULL;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static const char *format = "  %m %s";
+	int fast_forward = 0, fast_backward = 0;
+
+	if (is_null_sha1(two))
+		message = "(submodule deleted)";
+	else if (add_submodule_odb(path))
+		message = "(not checked out)";
+	else if (is_null_sha1(one))
+		message = "(new submodule)";
+	else if (!(left = lookup_commit_reference(one)) ||
+		 !(right = lookup_commit_reference(two)))
+		message = "(commits not present)";
+
+	if (!message) {
+		init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+		setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
+		rev.left_right = 1;
+		rev.first_parent_only = 1;
+		left->object.flags |= SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
+		add_pending_object(&rev, &left->object, path);
+		add_pending_object(&rev, &right->object, path);
+		merge_bases = get_merge_bases(left, right, 1);
+		if (merge_bases) {
+			if (merge_bases->item == left)
+				fast_forward = 1;
+			else if (merge_bases->item == right)
+				fast_backward = 1;
+		}
+		for (list = merge_bases; list; list = list->next) {
+			list->item->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+			add_pending_object(&rev, &list->item->object,
+				sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
+		}
+		if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
+			message = "(revision walker failed)";
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "Submodule %s %s..", path,
+			find_unique_abbrev(one, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	if (!fast_backward && !fast_forward)
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, '.');
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s", find_unique_abbrev(two, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	if (message)
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s\n", message);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s:\n", fast_backward ? " (rewind)" : "");
+	fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, f);
+
+	if (!message) {
+		while ((commit = get_revision(&rev))) {
+			struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+			ctx.date_mode = rev.date_mode;
+			strbuf_setlen(&sb, 0);
+			if (commit->object.flags & SYMMETRIC_LEFT) {
+				if (del)
+					strbuf_addstr(&sb, del);
+			}
+			else if (add)
+				strbuf_addstr(&sb, add);
+			format_commit_message(commit, format, &sb, &ctx);
+			if (reset)
+				strbuf_addstr(&sb, reset);
+			strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+			fprintf(f, "%s", sb.buf);
+		}
+		clear_commit_marks(left, ~0);
+		clear_commit_marks(right, ~0);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c0269d67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef SUBMODULE_H
+#define SUBMODULE_H
+
+void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
+		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
+		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/symlinks.c b/symlinks.c
index 5a5e781a1..7b0a86d35 100644
--- a/symlinks.c
+++ b/symlinks.c
@@ -1,64 +1,312 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
-struct pathname {
-	int len;
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-};
-
-/* Return matching pathname prefix length, or zero if not matching */
-static inline int match_pathname(int len, const char *name, struct pathname *match)
+/*
+ * Returns the length (on a path component basis) of the longest
+ * common prefix match of 'name_a' and 'name_b'.
+ */
+static int longest_path_match(const char *name_a, int len_a,
+			      const char *name_b, int len_b,
+			      int *previous_slash)
 {
-	int match_len = match->len;
-	return (len > match_len &&
-		name[match_len] == '/' &&
-		!memcmp(name, match->path, match_len)) ? match_len : 0;
+	int max_len, match_len = 0, match_len_prev = 0, i = 0;
+
+	max_len = len_a < len_b ? len_a : len_b;
+	while (i < max_len && name_a[i] == name_b[i]) {
+		if (name_a[i] == '/') {
+			match_len_prev = match_len;
+			match_len = i;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Is 'name_b' a substring of 'name_a', the other way around,
+	 * or is 'name_a' and 'name_b' the exact same string?
+	 */
+	if (i >= max_len && ((len_a > len_b && name_a[len_b] == '/') ||
+			     (len_a < len_b && name_b[len_a] == '/') ||
+			     (len_a == len_b))) {
+		match_len_prev = match_len;
+		match_len = i;
+	}
+	*previous_slash = match_len_prev;
+	return match_len;
 }
 
-static inline void set_pathname(int len, const char *name, struct pathname *match)
+static struct cache_def default_cache;
+
+static inline void reset_lstat_cache(struct cache_def *cache)
 {
-	if (len < PATH_MAX) {
-		match->len = len;
-		memcpy(match->path, name, len);
-		match->path[len] = 0;
-	}
+	cache->path[0] = '\0';
+	cache->len = 0;
+	cache->flags = 0;
+	/*
+	 * The track_flags and prefix_len_stat_func members is only
+	 * set by the safeguard rule inside lstat_cache()
+	 */
 }
 
-int has_symlink_leading_path(int len, const char *name)
+#define FL_DIR      (1 << 0)
+#define FL_NOENT    (1 << 1)
+#define FL_SYMLINK  (1 << 2)
+#define FL_LSTATERR (1 << 3)
+#define FL_ERR      (1 << 4)
+#define FL_FULLPATH (1 << 5)
+
+/*
+ * Check if name 'name' of length 'len' has a symlink leading
+ * component, or if the directory exists and is real, or not.
+ *
+ * To speed up the check, some information is allowed to be cached.
+ * This can be indicated by the 'track_flags' argument, which also can
+ * be used to indicate that we should check the full path.
+ *
+ * The 'prefix_len_stat_func' parameter can be used to set the length
+ * of the prefix, where the cache should use the stat() function
+ * instead of the lstat() function to test each path component.
+ */
+static int lstat_cache(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len,
+		       int track_flags, int prefix_len_stat_func)
 {
-	static struct pathname link, nonlink;
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	int match_len, last_slash, last_slash_dir, previous_slash;
+	int match_flags, ret_flags, save_flags, max_len, ret;
 	struct stat st;
-	char *sp;
-	int known_dir;
 
-	/*
-	 * See if the last known symlink cache matches.
-	 */
-	if (match_pathname(len, name, &link))
-		return 1;
+	if (cache->track_flags != track_flags ||
+	    cache->prefix_len_stat_func != prefix_len_stat_func) {
+		/*
+		 * As a safeguard rule we clear the cache if the
+		 * values of track_flags and/or prefix_len_stat_func
+		 * does not match with the last supplied values.
+		 */
+		reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+		cache->track_flags = track_flags;
+		cache->prefix_len_stat_func = prefix_len_stat_func;
+		match_len = last_slash = 0;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Check to see if we have a match from the cache for
+		 * the 2 "excluding" path types.
+		 */
+		match_len = last_slash =
+			longest_path_match(name, len, cache->path, cache->len,
+					   &previous_slash);
+		match_flags = cache->flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
+
+		if (!(track_flags & FL_FULLPATH) && match_len == len)
+			match_len = last_slash = previous_slash;
+
+		if (match_flags && match_len == cache->len)
+			return match_flags;
+		/*
+		 * If we now have match_len > 0, we would know that
+		 * the matched part will always be a directory.
+		 *
+		 * Also, if we are tracking directories and 'name' is
+		 * a substring of the cache on a path component basis,
+		 * we can return immediately.
+		 */
+		match_flags = track_flags & FL_DIR;
+		if (match_flags && len == match_len)
+			return match_flags;
+	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Get rid of the last known directory part
+	 * Okay, no match from the cache so far, so now we have to
+	 * check the rest of the path components.
 	 */
-	known_dir = match_pathname(len, name, &nonlink);
-
-	while ((sp = strchr(name + known_dir + 1, '/')) != NULL) {
-		int thislen = sp - name ;
-		memcpy(path, name, thislen);
-		path[thislen] = 0;
-
-		if (lstat(path, &st))
-			return 0;
-		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-			set_pathname(thislen, path, &nonlink);
-			known_dir = thislen;
+	ret_flags = FL_DIR;
+	last_slash_dir = last_slash;
+	max_len = len < PATH_MAX ? len : PATH_MAX;
+	while (match_len < max_len) {
+		do {
+			cache->path[match_len] = name[match_len];
+			match_len++;
+		} while (match_len < max_len && name[match_len] != '/');
+		if (match_len >= max_len && !(track_flags & FL_FULLPATH))
+			break;
+		last_slash = match_len;
+		cache->path[last_slash] = '\0';
+
+		if (last_slash <= prefix_len_stat_func)
+			ret = stat(cache->path, &st);
+		else
+			ret = lstat(cache->path, &st);
+
+		if (ret) {
+			ret_flags = FL_LSTATERR;
+			if (errno == ENOENT)
+				ret_flags |= FL_NOENT;
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			last_slash_dir = last_slash;
 			continue;
-		}
-		if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-			set_pathname(thislen, path, &link);
-			return 1;
+		} else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
+			ret_flags = FL_SYMLINK;
+		} else {
+			ret_flags = FL_ERR;
 		}
 		break;
 	}
-	return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * At the end update the cache.  Note that max 3 different
+	 * path types, FL_NOENT, FL_SYMLINK and FL_DIR, can be cached
+	 * for the moment!
+	 */
+	save_flags = ret_flags & track_flags & (FL_NOENT|FL_SYMLINK);
+	if (save_flags && last_slash > 0 && last_slash <= PATH_MAX) {
+		cache->path[last_slash] = '\0';
+		cache->len = last_slash;
+		cache->flags = save_flags;
+	} else if ((track_flags & FL_DIR) &&
+		   last_slash_dir > 0 && last_slash_dir <= PATH_MAX) {
+		/*
+		 * We have a separate test for the directory case,
+		 * since it could be that we have found a symlink or a
+		 * non-existing directory and the track_flags says
+		 * that we cannot cache this fact, so the cache would
+		 * then have been left empty in this case.
+		 *
+		 * But if we are allowed to track real directories, we
+		 * can still cache the path components before the last
+		 * one (the found symlink or non-existing component).
+		 */
+		cache->path[last_slash_dir] = '\0';
+		cache->len = last_slash_dir;
+		cache->flags = FL_DIR;
+	} else {
+		reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+	}
+	return ret_flags;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Invalidate the given 'name' from the cache, if 'name' matches
+ * completely with the cache.
+ */
+void invalidate_lstat_cache(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	int match_len, previous_slash;
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+
+	match_len = longest_path_match(name, len, cache->path, cache->len,
+				       &previous_slash);
+	if (len == match_len) {
+		if ((cache->track_flags & FL_DIR) && previous_slash > 0) {
+			cache->path[previous_slash] = '\0';
+			cache->len = previous_slash;
+			cache->flags = FL_DIR;
+		} else {
+			reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Completely clear the contents of the cache
+ */
+void clear_lstat_cache(void)
+{
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+	reset_lstat_cache(cache);
+}
+
+#define USE_ONLY_LSTAT  0
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component
+ */
+int threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len)
+{
+	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len, FL_SYMLINK|FL_DIR, USE_ONLY_LSTAT) & FL_SYMLINK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component
+ */
+int has_symlink_leading_path(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	return threaded_has_symlink_leading_path(&default_cache, name, len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component or
+ * if some leading path component does not exists.
+ */
+int has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len,
+			   FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT|FL_DIR, USE_ONLY_LSTAT) &
+		(FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if all path components of 'name' exists as a
+ * directory.  If prefix_len > 0, we will test with the stat()
+ * function instead of the lstat() function for a prefix length of
+ * 'prefix_len', thus we then allow for symlinks in the prefix part as
+ * long as those points to real existing directories.
+ */
+int has_dirs_only_path(const char *name, int len, int prefix_len)
+{
+	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len,
+			   FL_DIR|FL_FULLPATH, prefix_len) &
+		FL_DIR;
+}
+
+static struct removal_def {
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	int len;
+} removal;
+
+static void do_remove_scheduled_dirs(int new_len)
+{
+	while (removal.len > new_len) {
+		removal.path[removal.len] = '\0';
+		if (rmdir(removal.path))
+			break;
+		do {
+			removal.len--;
+		} while (removal.len > new_len &&
+			 removal.path[removal.len] != '/');
+	}
+	removal.len = new_len;
+}
+
+void schedule_dir_for_removal(const char *name, int len)
+{
+	int match_len, last_slash, i, previous_slash;
+
+	match_len = last_slash = i =
+		longest_path_match(name, len, removal.path, removal.len,
+				   &previous_slash);
+	/* Find last slash inside 'name' */
+	while (i < len) {
+		if (name[i] == '/')
+			last_slash = i;
+		i++;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are about to go down the directory tree, we check if
+	 * we must first go upwards the tree, such that we then can
+	 * remove possible empty directories as we go upwards.
+	 */
+	if (match_len < last_slash && match_len < removal.len)
+		do_remove_scheduled_dirs(match_len);
+	/*
+	 * If we go deeper down the directory tree, we only need to
+	 * save the new path components as we go down.
+	 */
+	if (match_len < last_slash) {
+		memcpy(&removal.path[match_len], &name[match_len],
+		       last_slash - match_len);
+		removal.len = last_slash;
+	}
+}
+
+void remove_scheduled_dirs(void)
+{
+	do_remove_scheduled_dirs(0);
 }
diff --git a/t/Makefile b/t/Makefile
index ed49c20b1..bd09390d3 100644
--- a/t/Makefile
+++ b/t/Makefile
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
+-include ../config.mak
+
 #GIT_TEST_OPTS=--verbose --debug
 SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
 TAR ?= $(TAR)
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ pre-clean:
 	$(RM) -r test-results
 
 clean:
-	$(RM) -r 'trash directory' test-results
+	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.* test-results
 
 aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
@@ -38,4 +40,7 @@ full-svn-test:
 	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=1 LC_ALL=C
 	$(MAKE) $(TSVN) GIT_SVN_NO_OPTIMIZE_COMMITS=0 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
 
-.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean
+valgrind:
+	GIT_TEST_OPTS=--valgrind $(MAKE)
+
+.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind
diff --git a/t/README b/t/README
index 8f12d48fe..4e1d7dd18 100644
--- a/t/README
+++ b/t/README
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ this:
     * passed all 3 test(s)
 
 You can pass --verbose (or -v), --debug (or -d), and --immediate
-(or -i) command line argument to the test.
+(or -i) command line argument to the test, or by setting GIT_TEST_OPTS
+appropriately before running "make".
 
 --verbose::
 	This makes the test more verbose.  Specifically, the
@@ -58,6 +59,34 @@ You can pass --verbose (or -v), --debug (or -d), and --immediate
 	This causes additional long-running tests to be run (where
 	available), for more exhaustive testing.
 
+--valgrind::
+	Execute all Git binaries with valgrind and exit with status
+	126 on errors (just like regular tests, this will only stop
+	the test script when running under -i).  Valgrind errors
+	go to stderr, so you might want to pass the -v option, too.
+
+	Since it makes no sense to run the tests with --valgrind and
+	not see any output, this option implies --verbose.  For
+	convenience, it also implies --tee.
+
+--tee::
+	In addition to printing the test output to the terminal,
+	write it to files named 't/test-results/$TEST_NAME.out'.
+	As the names depend on the tests' file names, it is safe to
+	run the tests with this option in parallel.
+
+You can also set the GIT_TEST_INSTALLED environment variable to
+the bindir of an existing git installation to test that installation.
+You still need to have built this git sandbox, from which various
+test-* support programs, templates, and perl libraries are used.
+If your installed git is incomplete, it will silently test parts of
+your built version instead.
+
+When using GIT_TEST_INSTALLED, you can also set GIT_TEST_EXEC_PATH to
+override the location of the dashed-form subcommands (what
+GIT_EXEC_PATH would be used for during normal operation).
+GIT_TEST_EXEC_PATH defaults to `$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED/git --exec-path`.
+
 
 Skipping Tests
 --------------
@@ -212,6 +241,24 @@ library for your script to use.
    is to summarize successes and failures in the test script and
    exit with an appropriate error code.
 
+ - test_tick
+
+   Make commit and tag names consistent by setting the author and
+   committer times to defined stated.  Subsequent calls will
+   advance the times by a fixed amount.
+
+ - test_commit <message> [<filename> [<contents>]]
+
+   Creates a commit with the given message, committing the given
+   file with the given contents (default for both is to reuse the
+   message string), and adds a tag (again reusing the message
+   string as name).  Calls test_tick to make the SHA-1s
+   reproducible.
+
+ - test_merge <message> <commit-or-tag>
+
+   Merges the given rev using the given message.  Like test_commit,
+   creates a tag and calls test_tick before committing.
 
 Tips for Writing Tests
 ----------------------
diff --git a/t/annotate-tests.sh b/t/annotate-tests.sh
index cacb273af..396b9653a 100644
--- a/t/annotate-tests.sh
+++ b/t/annotate-tests.sh
@@ -114,7 +114,10 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'some edit' \
     'mv file file.orig &&
-    sed -e "s/^3A/99/" -e "/^1A/d" -e "/^incomplete/d" < file.orig > file &&
+    {
+	cat file.orig &&
+	echo
+    } | sed -e "s/^3A/99/" -e "/^1A/d" -e "/^incomplete/d" > file &&
     echo "incomplete" | tr -d "\\012" >>file &&
     GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="D" git commit -a -m "edit"'
 
diff --git a/t/gitweb-lib.sh b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..76d8b7b80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Jakub Narebski
+#
+
+gitweb_init () {
+	safe_pwd="$(perl -MPOSIX=getcwd -e 'print quotemeta(getcwd)')"
+	cat >gitweb_config.perl <<EOF
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# gitweb configuration for tests
+
+our \$version = 'current';
+our \$GIT = 'git';
+our \$projectroot = "$safe_pwd";
+our \$project_maxdepth = 8;
+our \$home_link_str = 'projects';
+our \$site_name = '[localhost]';
+our \$site_header = '';
+our \$site_footer = '';
+our \$home_text = 'indextext.html';
+our @stylesheets = ('file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/gitweb.css');
+our \$logo = 'file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/git-logo.png';
+our \$favicon = 'file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/git-favicon.png';
+our \$projects_list = '';
+our \$export_ok = '';
+our \$strict_export = '';
+
+EOF
+
+	cat >.git/description <<EOF
+$0 test repository
+EOF
+}
+
+gitweb_run () {
+	GATEWAY_INTERFACE='CGI/1.1'
+	HTTP_ACCEPT='*/*'
+	REQUEST_METHOD='GET'
+	SCRIPT_NAME="$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/gitweb.perl"
+	QUERY_STRING=""$1""
+	PATH_INFO=""$2""
+	export GATEWAY_INTERFACE HTTP_ACCEPT REQUEST_METHOD \
+		SCRIPT_NAME QUERY_STRING PATH_INFO
+
+	GITWEB_CONFIG=$(pwd)/gitweb_config.perl
+	export GITWEB_CONFIG
+
+	# some of git commands write to STDERR on error, but this is not
+	# written to web server logs, so we are not interested in that:
+	# we are interested only in properly formatted errors/warnings
+	rm -f gitweb.log &&
+	perl -- "$SCRIPT_NAME" \
+		>gitweb.output 2>gitweb.log &&
+	perl -w -e '
+		open O, ">gitweb.headers";
+		while (<>) {
+			print O;
+			last if (/^\r$/ || /^$/);
+		}
+		open O, ">gitweb.body";
+		while (<>) {
+			print O;
+		}
+		close O;
+	' gitweb.output &&
+	if grep '^[[]' gitweb.log >/dev/null 2>&1; then false; else true; fi
+
+	# gitweb.log is left for debugging
+	# gitweb.output is used to parse HTTP output
+	# gitweb.headers contains only HTTP headers
+	# gitweb.body contains body of message, without headers
+}
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping gitweb tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+perl -MEncode -e 'decode_utf8("", Encode::FB_CROAK)' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+    say 'skipping gitweb tests, perl version is too old'
+    test_done
+}
+
+gitweb_init
diff --git a/t/lib-cvs.sh b/t/lib-cvs.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4b3b79373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-cvs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+unset CVS_SERVER
+# for clean cvsps cache
+HOME=$(pwd)
+export HOME
+
+if ! type cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, cvs not found'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+CVS="cvs -f"
+export CVS
+
+cvsps_version=`cvsps -h 2>&1 | sed -ne 's/cvsps version //p'`
+case "$cvsps_version" in
+2.1 | 2.2*)
+	;;
+'')
+	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, cvsps not found'
+	test_done
+	;;
+*)
+	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, unsupported cvsps version'
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
+test_cvs_co () {
+	# Usage: test_cvs_co BRANCH_NAME
+	rm -rf module-cvs-"$1"
+	if [ "$1" = "master" ]
+	then
+		$CVS co -P -d module-cvs-"$1" -A module
+	else
+		$CVS co -P -d module-cvs-"$1" -r "$1" module
+	fi
+}
+
+test_git_co () {
+	# Usage: test_git_co BRANCH_NAME
+	(cd module-git && git checkout "$1")
+}
+
+test_cmp_branch_file () {
+	# Usage: test_cmp_branch_file BRANCH_NAME PATH
+	# The branch must already be checked out of CVS and git.
+	test_cmp module-cvs-"$1"/"$2" module-git/"$2"
+}
+
+test_cmp_branch_tree () {
+	# Usage: test_cmp_branch_tree BRANCH_NAME
+	# Check BRANCH_NAME out of CVS and git and make sure that all
+	# of the files and directories are identical.
+
+	test_cvs_co "$1" &&
+	test_git_co "$1" &&
+	(
+		cd module-cvs-"$1"
+		find . -type d -name CVS -prune -o -type f -print
+	) | sort >module-cvs-"$1".list &&
+	(
+		cd module-git
+		find . -type d -name .git -prune -o -type f -print
+	) | sort >module-git-"$1".list &&
+	test_cmp module-cvs-"$1".list module-git-"$1".list &&
+	cat module-cvs-"$1".list | while read f
+	do
+		test_cmp_branch_file "$1" "$f" || return 1
+	done
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-git-svn.sh b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
index 67c431d4e..0f7f35ccc 100644
--- a/t/lib-git-svn.sh
+++ b/t/lib-git-svn.sh
@@ -5,27 +5,32 @@ git_svn_id=git""-svn-id
 
 if test -n "$NO_SVN_TESTS"
 then
-	test_expect_success 'skipping git svn tests, NO_SVN_TESTS defined' :
+	say 'skipping git svn tests, NO_SVN_TESTS defined'
+	test_done
+fi
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git svn tests, perl not available'
 	test_done
-	exit
 fi
 
 GIT_DIR=$PWD/.git
-GIT_SVN_DIR=$GIT_DIR/svn/git-svn
+GIT_SVN_DIR=$GIT_DIR/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn
 SVN_TREE=$GIT_SVN_DIR/svn-tree
+PERL=${PERL:-perl}
 
 svn >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git svn tests, svn not found' :
+    say 'skipping git svn tests, svn not found'
     test_done
-    exit
 fi
 
 svnrepo=$PWD/svnrepo
 export svnrepo
+svnconf=$PWD/svnconf
+export svnconf
 
-perl -w -e "
+$PERL -w -e "
 use SVN::Core;
 use SVN::Repos;
 \$SVN::Core::VERSION gt '1.1.0' or exit(42);
@@ -41,9 +46,8 @@ then
 	else
 		err='Perl SVN libraries not found or unusable, skipping test'
 	fi
-	test_expect_success "$err" :
+	say "$err"
 	test_done
-	exit
 fi
 
 rawsvnrepo="$svnrepo"
@@ -53,6 +57,19 @@ poke() {
 	test-chmtime +1 "$1"
 }
 
+# We need this, because we should pass empty configuration directory to
+# the 'svn commit' to avoid automated property changes and other stuff
+# that could be set from user's configuration files in ~/.subversion.
+svn_cmd () {
+	[ -d "$svnconf" ] || mkdir "$svnconf"
+	orig_svncmd="$1"; shift
+	if [ -z "$orig_svncmd" ]; then
+		svn
+		return
+	fi
+	svn "$orig_svncmd" --config-dir "$svnconf" "$@"
+}
+
 for d in \
 	"$SVN_HTTPD_PATH" \
 	/usr/sbin/apache2 \
@@ -114,7 +131,7 @@ stop_httpd () {
 }
 
 convert_to_rev_db () {
-	perl -w -- - "$@" <<\EOF
+	$PERL -w -- - "$@" <<\EOF
 use strict;
 @ARGV == 2 or die "Usage: convert_to_rev_db <input> <output>";
 open my $wr, '+>', $ARGV[1] or die "$!: couldn't open: $ARGV[1]";
@@ -144,7 +161,6 @@ require_svnserve () {
     then
         say 'skipping svnserve test. (set $SVNSERVE_PORT to enable)'
         test_done
-        exit
     fi
 }
 
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd.sh b/t/lib-httpd.sh
index 6ac312b90..6765b0806 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd.sh
+++ b/t/lib-httpd.sh
@@ -8,10 +8,23 @@ then
 	say "skipping test, network testing disabled by default"
 	say "(define GIT_TEST_HTTPD to enable)"
 	test_done
-	exit
 fi
 
-LIB_HTTPD_PATH=${LIB_HTTPD_PATH-'/usr/sbin/apache2'}
+HTTPD_PARA=""
+
+case $(uname) in
+	Darwin)
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_PATH='/usr/sbin/httpd'
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH='/usr/libexec/apache2'
+		HTTPD_PARA="$HTTPD_PARA -DDarwin"
+	;;
+	*)
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_PATH='/usr/sbin/apache2'
+		DEFAULT_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH='/usr/lib/apache2/modules'
+	;;
+esac
+
+LIB_HTTPD_PATH=${LIB_HTTPD_PATH-"$DEFAULT_HTTPD_PATH"}
 LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'8111'}
 
 TEST_PATH="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd
@@ -20,9 +33,8 @@ HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH=$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/www
 
 if ! test -x "$LIB_HTTPD_PATH"
 then
-        say "skipping test, no web server found at '$LIB_HTTPD_PATH'"
-        test_done
-        exit
+	say "skipping test, no web server found at '$LIB_HTTPD_PATH'"
+	test_done
 fi
 
 HTTPD_VERSION=`$LIB_HTTPD_PATH -v | \
@@ -36,17 +48,14 @@ then
 		then
 			say "skipping test, at least Apache version 2 is required"
 			test_done
-			exit
 		fi
 
-		LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH='/usr/lib/apache2/modules'
+		LIB_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH="$DEFAULT_HTTPD_MODULE_PATH"
 	fi
 else
 	error "Could not identify web server at '$LIB_HTTPD_PATH'"
 fi
 
-HTTPD_PARA=""
-
 prepare_httpd() {
 	mkdir -p "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
 
@@ -82,18 +91,25 @@ prepare_httpd() {
 }
 
 start_httpd() {
-	prepare_httpd
+	prepare_httpd >&3 2>&4
 
-	trap 'stop_httpd; die' exit
+	trap 'code=$?; stop_httpd; (exit $code); die' EXIT
 
 	"$LIB_HTTPD_PATH" -d "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH" \
 		-f "$TEST_PATH/apache.conf" $HTTPD_PARA \
-		-c "Listen 127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT" -k start
+		-c "Listen 127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT" -k start \
+		>&3 2>&4
+	if test $? -ne 0
+	then
+		say "skipping test, web server setup failed"
+		trap 'die' EXIT
+		test_done
+	fi
 }
 
 stop_httpd() {
-	trap 'die' exit
+	trap 'die' EXIT
 
 	"$LIB_HTTPD_PATH" -d "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH" \
-		-f "$TEST_PATH/apache.conf" -k stop
+		-f "$TEST_PATH/apache.conf" $HTTPD_PARA -k stop
 }
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
index 4717c2d33..0fe3fd0d0 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
@@ -1,7 +1,35 @@
 ServerName dummy
+LockFile accept.lock
 PidFile httpd.pid
 DocumentRoot www
+LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
+CustomLog access.log common
 ErrorLog error.log
+<IfModule !mod_log_config.c>
+	LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
+</IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_alias.c>
+	LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
+</IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_cgi.c>
+	LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
+</IfModule>
+<IfModule !mod_env.c>
+	LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
+</IfModule>
+
+Alias /dumb/ www/
+
+<Location /smart/>
+	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
+</Location>
+ScriptAlias /smart/ ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend/
+<Directory ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}>
+	Options None
+</Directory>
+<Files ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend>
+	Options ExecCGI
+</Files>
 
 <IfDefine SSL>
 LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
@@ -20,7 +48,7 @@ SSLEngine On
 	LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
 
 	DAVLockDB DAVLock
-	<Location />
+	<Location /dumb/>
 		Dav on
 	</Location>
 </IfDefine>
diff --git a/t/lib-patch-mode.sh b/t/lib-patch-mode.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..75a3ee283
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-patch-mode.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping --patch tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+set_state () {
+	echo "$3" > "$1" &&
+	git add "$1" &&
+	echo "$2" > "$1"
+}
+
+save_state () {
+	noslash="$(echo "$1" | tr / _)" &&
+	cat "$1" > _worktree_"$noslash" &&
+	git show :"$1" > _index_"$noslash"
+}
+
+set_and_save_state () {
+	set_state "$@" &&
+	save_state "$1"
+}
+
+verify_state () {
+	test "$(cat "$1")" = "$2" &&
+	test "$(git show :"$1")" = "$3"
+}
+
+verify_saved_state () {
+	noslash="$(echo "$1" | tr / _)" &&
+	verify_state "$1" "$(cat _worktree_"$noslash")" "$(cat _index_"$noslash")"
+}
+
+save_head () {
+	git rev-parse HEAD > _head
+}
+
+verify_saved_head () {
+	test "$(cat _head)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-rebase.sh b/t/lib-rebase.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..62f452c8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-rebase.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# After setting the fake editor with this function, you can
+#
+# - override the commit message with $FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE,
+# - amend the commit message with $FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND
+# - check that non-commit messages have a certain line count with $EXPECT_COUNT
+# - rewrite a rebase -i script with $FAKE_LINES in the form
+#
+#	"[<lineno1>] [<lineno2>]..."
+#
+#   If a line number is prefixed with "squash", "edit", or "reword", the
+#   respective line's command will be replaced with the specified one.
+
+set_fake_editor () {
+	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-editor.sh
+	cat >> fake-editor.sh <<\EOF
+case "$1" in
+*/COMMIT_EDITMSG)
+	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" > "$1"
+	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" >> "$1"
+	exit
+	;;
+esac
+test -z "$EXPECT_COUNT" ||
+	test "$EXPECT_COUNT" = $(sed -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' < "$1" | wc -l) ||
+	exit
+test -z "$FAKE_LINES" && exit
+grep -v '^#' < "$1" > "$1".tmp
+rm -f "$1"
+cat "$1".tmp
+action=pick
+for line in $FAKE_LINES; do
+	case $line in
+	squash|edit|reword)
+		action="$line";;
+	*)
+		echo sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p"
+		sed -n "${line}p" < "$1".tmp
+		sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p" < "$1".tmp >> "$1"
+		action=pick;;
+	esac
+done
+EOF
+
+	test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor.sh"
+	chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
+}
diff --git a/t/t0000-basic.sh b/t/t0000-basic.sh
index 70df15cbd..f4ca4fc85 100755
--- a/t/t0000-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t0000-basic.sh
@@ -57,6 +57,21 @@ test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' '
 test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' '
     :
 '
+test_set_prereq HAVEIT
+haveit=no
+test_expect_success HAVEIT 'test runs if prerequisite is satisfied' '
+    test_have_prereq HAVEIT &&
+    haveit=yes
+'
+donthaveit=yes
+test_expect_success DONTHAVEIT 'unmet prerequisite causes test to be skipped' '
+    donthaveit=no
+'
+if test $haveit$donthaveit != yesyes
+then
+	say "bug in test framework: prerequisite tags do not work reliably"
+	exit 1
+fi
 
 ################################################################
 # Basics of the basics
@@ -100,12 +115,31 @@ test_expect_success \
     'test "$tree" = 4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904'
 
 # Various types of objects
+# Some filesystems do not support symblic links; on such systems
+# some expected values are different
 mkdir path2 path3 path3/subp3
-for p in path0 path2/file2 path3/file3 path3/subp3/file3
+paths='path0 path2/file2 path3/file3 path3/subp3/file3'
+for p in $paths
 do
     echo "hello $p" >$p
-    ln -s "hello $p" ${p}sym
 done
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	for p in $paths
+	do
+		ln -s "hello $p" ${p}sym
+	done
+	expectfilter=cat
+	expectedtree=087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b
+	expectedptree1=21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3
+	expectedptree2=3c5e5399f3a333eddecce7a9b9465b63f65f51e2
+else
+	expectfilter='grep -v sym'
+	expectedtree=8e18edf7d7edcf4371a3ac6ae5f07c2641db7c46
+	expectedptree1=cfb8591b2f65de8b8cc1020cd7d9e67e7793b325
+	expectedptree2=ce580448f0148b985a513b693fdf7d802cacb44f
+fi
+
 test_expect_success \
     'adding various types of objects with git update-index --add.' \
     'find path* ! -type d -print | xargs git update-index --add'
@@ -115,7 +149,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'showing stage with git ls-files --stage' \
     'git ls-files --stage >current'
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
+$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
 100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0	path0
 120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0	path0sym
 100644 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7 0	path2/file2
@@ -127,14 +161,14 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'validate git ls-files output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'writing tree out with git write-tree.' \
     'tree=$(git write-tree)'
 test_expect_success \
     'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$tree" = 087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b'
+    'test "$tree" = "$expectedtree"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'showing tree with git ls-tree' \
@@ -145,16 +179,16 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 040000 tree 58a09c23e2ca152193f2786e06986b7b6712bdbe	path2
 040000 tree 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3	path3
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'git ls-tree output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 # This changed in ls-tree pathspec change -- recursive does
 # not show tree nodes anymore.
 test_expect_success \
     'showing tree with git ls-tree -r' \
     'git ls-tree -r $tree >current'
-cat >expected <<\EOF
+$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
 100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
 120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
 100644 blob 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7	path2/file2
@@ -166,7 +200,7 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 # But with -r -t we can have both.
 test_expect_success \
@@ -185,23 +219,23 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 100644 blob 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f	path3/subp3/file3
 120000 blob 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c	path3/subp3/file3sym
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
-    'diff current expected'
+    'test_cmp expected current'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix.' \
     'ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3)'
 test_expect_success \
     'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$ptree" = 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3'
+    'test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree1"'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix.' \
     'ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3/subp3)'
 test_expect_success \
     'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$ptree" = 3c5e5399f3a333eddecce7a9b9465b63f65f51e2'
+    'test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree2"'
 
 cat >badobjects <<EOF
 100644 blob 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file1
@@ -234,7 +268,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      newtree=$(git write-tree) &&
      test "$newtree" = "$tree"'
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
+$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0
 :120000 120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0sym
 :100644 100644 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path2/file2
@@ -257,7 +291,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git diff-files >current && cmp -s current /dev/null'
 
 ################################################################
-P=087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b
+P=$expectedtree
 test_expect_success \
     'git commit-tree records the correct tree in a commit.' \
     'commit0=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P) &&
@@ -293,7 +327,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index D/F conflict' '
 	test $numpath0 = 1
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'absolute path works as expected' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'absolute path works as expected' '
 	mkdir first &&
 	ln -s ../.git first/.git &&
 	mkdir second &&
diff --git a/t/t0001-init.sh b/t/t0001-init.sh
index 5ac0a273a..538650479 100755
--- a/t/t0001-init.sh
+++ b/t/t0001-init.sh
@@ -199,4 +199,96 @@ test_expect_success 'init honors global core.sharedRepository' '
 	x`git config -f shared-honor-global/.git/config core.sharedRepository`
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'init rejects insanely long --template' '
+	(
+		insane=$(printf "x%09999dx" 1) &&
+		mkdir test &&
+		cd test &&
+		test_must_fail git init --template=$insane
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init creates a new directory' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		git init newdir &&
+		test -d newdir/.git/refs
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init creates a new bare directory' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		git init --bare newdir &&
+		test -d newdir/refs
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init recreates a directory' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		mkdir newdir &&
+		git init newdir &&
+		test -d newdir/.git/refs
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init recreates a new bare directory' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		mkdir newdir &&
+		git init --bare newdir &&
+		test -d newdir/refs
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init creates a new deep directory' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	git init newdir/a/b/c &&
+	test -d newdir/a/b/c/.git/refs
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'init creates a new deep directory (umask vs. shared)' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		# Leading directories should honor umask while
+		# the repository itself should follow "shared"
+		umask 002 &&
+		git init --bare --shared=0660 newdir/a/b/c &&
+		test -d newdir/a/b/c/refs &&
+		ls -ld newdir/a newdir/a/b > lsab.out &&
+		! grep -v "^drwxrw[sx]r-x" lsab.out &&
+		ls -ld newdir/a/b/c > lsc.out &&
+		! grep -v "^drwxrw[sx]---" lsc.out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init notices EEXIST (1)' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		>newdir &&
+		test_must_fail git init newdir &&
+		test -f newdir
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init notices EEXIST (2)' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		mkdir newdir &&
+		>newdir/a
+		test_must_fail git init newdir/a/b &&
+		test -f newdir/a
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'init notices EPERM' '
+	rm -fr newdir &&
+	(
+		mkdir newdir &&
+		chmod -w newdir &&
+		test_must_fail git init newdir/a/b
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0004-unwritable.sh b/t/t0004-unwritable.sh
index 63e1217e7..2342ac578 100755
--- a/t/t0004-unwritable.sh
+++ b/t/t0004-unwritable.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'write-tree should notice unwritable repository' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'write-tree should notice unwritable repository' '
 
 	(
 		chmod a-w .git/objects .git/objects/?? &&
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ test_expect_success 'write-tree should notice unwritable repository' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'commit should notice unwritable repository' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'commit should notice unwritable repository' '
 
 	(
 		chmod a-w .git/objects .git/objects/?? &&
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ test_expect_success 'commit should notice unwritable repository' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'update-index should notice unwritable repository' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'update-index should notice unwritable repository' '
 
 	(
 		echo 6O >file &&
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index should notice unwritable repository' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add should notice unwritable repository' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'add should notice unwritable repository' '
 
 	(
 		echo b >file &&
diff --git a/t/t0005-signals.sh b/t/t0005-signals.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..09f855af3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0005-signals.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='signals work as we expect'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+three
+two
+one
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'sigchain works' '
+	test-sigchain >actual
+	case "$?" in
+	143) true ;; # POSIX w/ SIGTERM=15
+	  3) true ;; # Windows
+	  *) false ;;
+	esac &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0006-date.sh b/t/t0006-date.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..75b02af86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0006-date.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test date parsing and printing'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# arbitrary reference time: 2009-08-30 19:20:00
+TEST_DATE_NOW=1251660000; export TEST_DATE_NOW
+
+check_show() {
+	t=$(($TEST_DATE_NOW - $1))
+	echo "$t -> $2" >expect
+	test_expect_${3:-success} "relative date ($2)" "
+	test-date show $t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+	"
+}
+
+check_show 5 '5 seconds ago'
+check_show 300 '5 minutes ago'
+check_show 18000 '5 hours ago'
+check_show 432000 '5 days ago'
+check_show 1728000 '3 weeks ago'
+check_show 13000000 '5 months ago'
+check_show 37500000 '1 year, 2 months ago'
+check_show 55188000 '1 year, 9 months ago'
+check_show 630000000 '20 years ago'
+check_show 31449600 '12 months ago'
+
+check_parse() {
+	echo "$1 -> $2" >expect
+	test_expect_${3:-success} "parse date ($1)" "
+	test-date parse '$1' >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+	"
+}
+
+check_parse 2008 bad
+check_parse 2008-02 bad
+check_parse 2008-02-14 bad
+check_parse '2008-02-14 20:30:45' '2008-02-14 20:30:45 +0000'
+
+check_approxidate() {
+	echo "$1 -> $2 +0000" >expect
+	test_expect_${3:-success} "parse approxidate ($1)" "
+	test-date approxidate '$1' >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+	"
+}
+
+check_approxidate now '2009-08-30 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate '5 seconds ago' '2009-08-30 19:19:55'
+check_approxidate 5.seconds.ago '2009-08-30 19:19:55'
+check_approxidate 10.minutes.ago '2009-08-30 19:10:00'
+check_approxidate yesterday '2009-08-29 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate 3.days.ago '2009-08-27 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate 3.weeks.ago '2009-08-09 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate 3.months.ago '2009-05-30 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate 2.years.3.months.ago '2007-05-30 19:20:00'
+
+check_approxidate '6am yesterday' '2009-08-29 06:00:00'
+check_approxidate '6pm yesterday' '2009-08-29 18:00:00'
+check_approxidate '3:00' '2009-08-30 03:00:00'
+check_approxidate '15:00' '2009-08-30 15:00:00'
+check_approxidate 'noon today' '2009-08-30 12:00:00'
+check_approxidate 'noon yesterday' '2009-08-29 12:00:00'
+
+check_approxidate 'last tuesday' '2009-08-25 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate 'July 5th' '2009-07-05 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate '06/05/2009' '2009-06-05 19:20:00'
+check_approxidate '06.05.2009' '2009-05-06 19:20:00'
+
+check_approxidate 'Jun 6, 5AM' '2009-06-06 05:00:00'
+check_approxidate '5AM Jun 6' '2009-06-06 05:00:00'
+check_approxidate '6AM, June 7, 2009' '2009-06-07 06:00:00'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0020-crlf.sh b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
index 1be7446d8..4e72b5314 100755
--- a/t/t0020-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t0020-crlf.sh
@@ -429,6 +429,37 @@ test_expect_success 'in-tree .gitattributes (4)' '
 	}
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout with existing .gitattributes' '
+
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	git config --unset core.safecrlf &&
+	echo ".file2 -crlfQ" | q_to_cr >> .gitattributes &&
+	git add .gitattributes &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo ".file -crlfQ" | q_to_cr >> .gitattributes &&
+	echo "contents" > .file &&
+	git add .gitattributes .file &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+
+	git checkout master~1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test "$(git diff-files --raw)" = ""
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout when deleting .gitattributes' '
+
+	git rm .gitattributes &&
+	echo "contentsQ" | q_to_cr > .file2 &&
+	git add .file2 &&
+	git commit -m third
+
+	git checkout master~1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	remove_cr .file2 >/dev/null
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'invalid .gitattributes (must not crash)' '
 
 	echo "three +crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
diff --git a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
index e5330395f..c7d032437 100755
--- a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
+++ b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ test_expect_success 'tar archive' '
 
 "$UNZIP" -v >/dev/null 2>&1
 if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
-	echo "Skipping ZIP test, because unzip was not found"
-	test_done
-	exit
+	say "Skipping ZIP test, because unzip was not found"
+else
+	test_set_prereq UNZIP
 fi
 
-test_expect_success 'zip archive' '
+test_expect_success UNZIP 'zip archive' '
 
 	git archive --format=zip HEAD >test.zip &&
 
diff --git a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
index e38241c80..3d450ed37 100755
--- a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
+++ b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
@@ -12,12 +12,14 @@ usage: test-parse-options <options>
 
     -b, --boolean         get a boolean
     -4, --or4             bitwise-or boolean with ...0100
+    --neg-or4             same as --no-or4
 
     -i, --integer <n>     get a integer
     -j <n>                get a integer, too
     --set23               set integer to 23
     -t <time>             get timestamp of <time>
     -L, --length <str>    get length of <str>
+    -F, --file <FILE>     set file to <FILE>
 
 String options
     -s, --string <string>
@@ -29,6 +31,10 @@ String options
 
 Magic arguments
     --quux                means --quux
+    -NUM                  set integer to NUM
+    +                     same as -b
+    --ambiguous           positive ambiguity
+    --no-ambiguous        negative ambiguity
 
 Standard options
     --abbrev[=<n>]        use <n> digits to display SHA-1s
@@ -53,10 +59,12 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 2
 quiet: no
 dry run: yes
+file: prefix/my.file
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'short options' '
-	test-parse-options -s123 -b -i 1729 -b -vv -n > output 2> output.err &&
+	test-parse-options -s123 -b -i 1729 -b -vv -n -F my.file \
+	> output 2> output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output &&
 	test ! -s output.err
 '
@@ -70,11 +78,12 @@ abbrev: 10
 verbose: 2
 quiet: no
 dry run: no
+file: prefix/fi.le
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'long options' '
 	test-parse-options --boolean --integer 1729 --boolean --string2=321 \
-		--verbose --verbose --no-dry-run --abbrev=10 \
+		--verbose --verbose --no-dry-run --abbrev=10 --file fi.le\
 		> output 2> output.err &&
 	test ! -s output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
@@ -84,6 +93,8 @@ test_expect_success 'missing required value' '
 	test-parse-options -s;
 	test $? = 129 &&
 	test-parse-options --string;
+	test $? = 129 &&
+	test-parse-options --file;
 	test $? = 129
 '
 
@@ -96,6 +107,7 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 0
 quiet: no
 dry run: no
+file: (not set)
 arg 00: a1
 arg 01: b1
 arg 02: --boolean
@@ -117,6 +129,7 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 0
 quiet: no
 dry run: no
+file: (not set)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'unambiguously abbreviated option' '
@@ -145,6 +158,7 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 0
 quiet: no
 dry run: no
+file: (not set)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'non ambiguous option (after two options it abbreviates)' '
@@ -172,6 +186,7 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 0
 quiet: no
 dry run: no
+file: (not set)
 arg 00: --quux
 EOF
 
@@ -190,6 +205,7 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 0
 quiet: yes
 dry run: no
+file: (not set)
 arg 00: foo
 EOF
 
@@ -210,6 +226,7 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 0
 quiet: no
 dry run: no
+file: (not set)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_CALLBACK() and OPT_BIT() work' '
@@ -237,6 +254,7 @@ abbrev: 7
 verbose: 0
 quiet: no
 dry run: no
+file: (not set)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_BIT() and OPT_SET_INT() work' '
@@ -245,7 +263,76 @@ test_expect_success 'OPT_BIT() and OPT_SET_INT() work' '
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-# --or4
-# --no-or4
+test_expect_success 'OPT_NEGBIT() and OPT_SET_INT() work' '
+	test-parse-options --set23 -bbbbb --neg-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+boolean: 6
+integer: 0
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BIT() works' '
+	test-parse-options -bb --or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_NEGBIT() works' '
+	test-parse-options -bb --no-neg-or4 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOLEAN() with PARSE_OPT_NODASH works' '
+	test-parse-options + + + + + + > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 12345
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK() works' '
+	test-parse-options -12345 > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 0
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'negation of OPT_NONEG flags is not ambiguous' '
+	test-parse-options --no-ambig >output 2>output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
index 7edf49db3..89282ccf7 100755
--- a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
+++ b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ auml=`printf '\xc3\xa4'`
 aumlcdiar=`printf '\x61\xcc\x88'`
 
 case_insensitive=
-test_expect_success 'see if we expect ' '
+unibad=
+no_symlinks=
+test_expect_success 'see what we expect' '
 
 	test_case=test_expect_success
 	test_unicode=test_expect_success
@@ -19,7 +21,6 @@ test_expect_success 'see if we expect ' '
 	then
 		test_case=test_expect_failure
 		case_insensitive=t
-		say "will test on a case insensitive filesystem"
 	fi &&
 	rm -fr junk &&
 	mkdir junk &&
@@ -27,13 +28,26 @@ test_expect_success 'see if we expect ' '
 	case "$(cd junk && echo *)" in
 	"$aumlcdiar")
 		test_unicode=test_expect_failure
-		say "will test on a unicode corrupting filesystem"
+		unibad=t
 		;;
 	*)	;;
 	esac &&
-	rm -fr junk
+	rm -fr junk &&
+	{
+		ln -s x y 2> /dev/null &&
+		test -h y 2> /dev/null ||
+		no_symlinks=1
+		rm -f y
+	}
 '
 
+test "$case_insensitive" &&
+	say "will test on a case insensitive filesystem"
+test "$unibad" &&
+	say "will test on a unicode corrupting filesystem"
+test "$no_symlinks" &&
+	say "will test on a filesystem lacking symbolic links"
+
 if test "$case_insensitive"
 then
 test_expect_success "detection of case insensitive filesystem during repo init" '
@@ -48,6 +62,21 @@ test_expect_success "detection of case insensitive filesystem during repo init"
 '
 fi
 
+if test "$no_symlinks"
+then
+test_expect_success "detection of filesystem w/o symlink support during repo init" '
+
+	v=$(git config --bool core.symlinks) &&
+	test "$v" = false
+'
+else
+test_expect_success "detection of filesystem w/o symlink support during repo init" '
+
+	test_must_fail git config --bool core.symlinks ||
+	test "$(git config --bool core.symlinks)" = true
+'
+fi
+
 test_expect_success "setup case tests" '
 
 	git config core.ignorecase true &&
diff --git a/t/t0055-beyond-symlinks.sh b/t/t0055-beyond-symlinks.sh
index b29c37a5a..0c6ff567a 100755
--- a/t/t0055-beyond-symlinks.sh
+++ b/t/t0055-beyond-symlinks.sh
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ test_description='update-index and add refuse to add beyond symlinks'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success setup '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS setup '
 	>a &&
 	mkdir b &&
 	ln -s b c &&
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git update-index --add a b/d
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'update-index --add beyond symlinks' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'update-index --add beyond symlinks' '
 	test_must_fail git update-index --add c/d &&
 	! ( git ls-files | grep c/d )
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add beyond symlinks' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'add beyond symlinks' '
 	test_must_fail git add c/d &&
 	! ( git ls-files | grep c/d )
 '
diff --git a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
index 6e7501f35..53cf1f8dc 100755
--- a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
+++ b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
@@ -7,40 +7,91 @@ test_description='Test various path utilities'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-norm_abs() {
-	test_expect_success "normalize absolute" \
-	"test \$(test-path-utils normalize_absolute_path '$1') = '$2'"
+norm_path() {
+	test_expect_success $3 "normalize path: $1 => $2" \
+	"test \"\$(test-path-utils normalize_path_copy '$1')\" = '$2'"
 }
 
+# On Windows, we are using MSYS's bash, which mangles the paths.
+# Absolute paths are anchored at the MSYS installation directory,
+# which means that the path / accounts for this many characters:
+rootoff=$(test-path-utils normalize_path_copy / | wc -c)
+# Account for the trailing LF:
+if test $rootoff = 2; then
+	rootoff=	# we are on Unix
+else
+	rootoff=$(($rootoff-1))
+fi
+
 ancestor() {
-	test_expect_success "longest ancestor" \
-	"test \$(test-path-utils longest_ancestor_length '$1' '$2') = '$3'"
+	# We do some math with the expected ancestor length.
+	expected=$3
+	if test -n "$rootoff" && test "x$expected" != x-1; then
+		expected=$(($expected+$rootoff))
+	fi
+	test_expect_success "longest ancestor: $1 $2 => $expected" \
+	"actual=\$(test-path-utils longest_ancestor_length '$1' '$2') &&
+	 test \"\$actual\" = '$expected'"
 }
 
-norm_abs "" /
-norm_abs / /
-norm_abs // /
-norm_abs /// /
-norm_abs /. /
-norm_abs /./ /
-norm_abs /./.. /
-norm_abs /../. /
-norm_abs /./../.// /
-norm_abs /dir/.. /
-norm_abs /dir/sub/../.. /
-norm_abs /dir /dir
-norm_abs /dir// /dir
-norm_abs /./dir /dir
-norm_abs /dir/. /dir
-norm_abs /dir///./ /dir
-norm_abs /dir//sub/.. /dir
-norm_abs /dir/sub/../ /dir
-norm_abs //dir/sub/../. /dir
-norm_abs /dir/s1/../s2/ /dir/s2
-norm_abs /d1/s1///s2/..//../s3/ /d1/s3
-norm_abs /d1/s1//../s2/../../d2 /d2
-norm_abs /d1/.../d2 /d1/.../d2
-norm_abs /d1/..././../d2 /d1/d2
+# Absolute path tests must be skipped on Windows because due to path mangling
+# the test program never sees a POSIX-style absolute path
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	;;
+*)
+	test_set_prereq POSIX
+	;;
+esac
+
+norm_path "" ""
+norm_path . ""
+norm_path ./ ""
+norm_path ./. ""
+norm_path ./.. ++failed++
+norm_path ../. ++failed++
+norm_path ./../.// ++failed++
+norm_path dir/.. ""
+norm_path dir/sub/../.. ""
+norm_path dir/sub/../../.. ++failed++
+norm_path dir dir
+norm_path dir// dir/
+norm_path ./dir dir
+norm_path dir/. dir/
+norm_path dir///./ dir/
+norm_path dir//sub/.. dir/
+norm_path dir/sub/../ dir/
+norm_path dir/sub/../. dir/
+norm_path dir/s1/../s2/ dir/s2/
+norm_path d1/s1///s2/..//../s3/ d1/s3/
+norm_path d1/s1//../s2/../../d2 d2
+norm_path d1/.../d2 d1/.../d2
+norm_path d1/..././../d2 d1/d2
+
+norm_path / / POSIX
+norm_path // / POSIX
+norm_path /// / POSIX
+norm_path /. / POSIX
+norm_path /./ / POSIX
+norm_path /./.. ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /../. ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /./../.// ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /dir/.. / POSIX
+norm_path /dir/sub/../.. / POSIX
+norm_path /dir/sub/../../.. ++failed++ POSIX
+norm_path /dir /dir POSIX
+norm_path /dir// /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /./dir /dir POSIX
+norm_path /dir/. /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir///./ /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir//sub/.. /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir/sub/../ /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path //dir/sub/../. /dir/ POSIX
+norm_path /dir/s1/../s2/ /dir/s2/ POSIX
+norm_path /d1/s1///s2/..//../s3/ /d1/s3/ POSIX
+norm_path /d1/s1//../s2/../../d2 /d2 POSIX
+norm_path /d1/.../d2 /d1/.../d2 POSIX
+norm_path /d1/..././../d2 /d1/d2 POSIX
 
 ancestor / "" -1
 ancestor / / -1
@@ -79,9 +130,13 @@ ancestor /foo/bar /:/foo:/bar/ 4
 ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/:/bar/ 4
 ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar/:/fo 0
 ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar/ 0
-ancestor /foo/bar :://foo/. 4
-ancestor /foo/bar :://foo/.:: 4
-ancestor /foo/bar //foo/./::/bar 4
-ancestor /foo/bar ::/bar -1
+ancestor /foo/bar .:/foo/. 4
+ancestor /foo/bar .:/foo/.:.: 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo/./:.:/bar 4
+ancestor /foo/bar .:/bar -1
 
+test_expect_success 'strip_path_suffix' '
+	test c:/msysgit = $(test-path-utils strip_path_suffix \
+		c:/msysgit/libexec//git-core libexec/git-core)
+'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..680d7d686
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check that the most basic functions work
+
+
+Verify wrappers and compatibility functions.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'character classes (isspace, isalpha etc.)' '
+	test-ctype
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0100-previous.sh b/t/t0100-previous.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..315b9b3f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0100-previous.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='previous branch syntax @{-n}'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d @{-1}' '
+	test_commit A &&
+	git checkout -b junk &&
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	git branch -d @{-1} &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/junk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch -d @{-12} when there is not enough switches yet' '
+	git reflog expire --expire=now &&
+	git checkout -b junk2 &&
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = refs/heads/master &&
+	test_must_fail git branch -d @{-12} &&
+	git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge @{-1}' '
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_commit B &&
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_commit C &&
+	git branch -f master B &&
+	git branch -f other &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge @{-1} &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep "Merge branch '\''other'\''"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge @{-1} when there is not enough switches yet' '
+	git reflog expire --expire=now &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git reset --hard B &&
+	git branch -f other C &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_must_fail git merge @{-12}
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
index 4b44e131b..c2d408b46 100755
--- a/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
+++ b/t/t1001-read-tree-m-2way.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 test_description='Two way merge with read-tree -m $H $M
 
-This test tries two-way merge (aka fast forward with carry forward).
+This test tries two-way merge (aka fast-forward with carry forward).
 
 There is the head (called H) and another commit (called M), which is
 simply ahead of H.  The index and the work tree contains a state that
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ check_cache_at () {
 }
 
 cat >bozbar-old <<\EOF
-This is a sample file used in two-way fast forward merge
+This is a sample file used in two-way fast-forward merge
 tests.  Its second line ends with a magic word bozbar
 which will be modified by the merged head to gnusto.
 It has some extra lines so that external tools can
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      echo gnusto gnusto >bozbar &&
      if read_tree_twoway $treeH $treeM; then false; else :; fi'
 
-# This fails with straight two-way fast forward.
+# This fails with straight two-way fast-forward.
 test_expect_success \
     '22 - local change cache updated.' \
     'rm -f .git/index &&
@@ -341,4 +341,55 @@ test_expect_success \
      check_cache_at DF/DF dirty &&
      :'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b (untracked) vs a case setup.' \
+    'rm -f .git/index &&
+     : >a &&
+     git update-index --add a &&
+     treeM=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeM $treeM &&
+     git ls-tree $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
+
+     rm -f a &&
+     git update-index --remove a &&
+     mkdir a &&
+     : >a/b &&
+     treeH=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeH $treeH &&
+     git ls-tree $treeH'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b (untracked) vs a, plus c/d case test.' \
+    '! git read-tree -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
+     git ls-files --stage &&
+     test -f a/b'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b vs a, plus c/d case setup.' \
+    'rm -f .git/index &&
+     rm -fr a &&
+     : >a &&
+     mkdir c &&
+     : >c/d &&
+     git update-index --add a c/d &&
+     treeM=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeM $treeM &&
+     git ls-tree $treeM &&
+     git ls-files --stage >treeM.out &&
+
+     rm -f a &&
+     mkdir a
+     : >a/b &&
+     git update-index --add --remove a a/b &&
+     treeH=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo treeH $treeH &&
+     git ls-tree $treeH'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'a/b vs a, plus c/d case test.' \
+    'git read-tree -u -m "$treeH" "$treeM" &&
+     git ls-files --stage | tee >treeMcheck.out &&
+     test_cmp treeM.out treeMcheck.out'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh b/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
index 570d3729b..f19b4a2a4 100755
--- a/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
+++ b/t/t1004-read-tree-m-u-wf.sh
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ test_expect_success '3-way not overwriting local changes (their side)' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'funny symlink in work tree' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'funny symlink in work tree' '
 
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout -b sym-b side-b &&
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ test_expect_success 'funny symlink in work tree' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'funny symlink in work tree, un-unlink-able' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'funny symlink in work tree, un-unlink-able' '
 
 	rm -fr a b &&
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ test_expect_success 'funny symlink in work tree, un-unlink-able' '
 '
 
 # clean-up from the above test
-chmod a+w a
+chmod a+w a 2>/dev/null
 rm -fr a b
 
 test_expect_success 'D/F setup' '
diff --git a/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh b/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f9e00285d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1008-read-tree-overlay.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test multi-tree read-tree without merging'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo one >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	echo two >b &&
+	git add b &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	git checkout -b side initial &&
+	echo three >a &&
+	mkdir b &&
+	echo four >b/c &&
+	git add b/c &&
+	git commit -m third
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multi-read' '
+	git read-tree initial master side &&
+	(echo a; echo b/c) >expect &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t1009-read-tree-new-index.sh b/t/t1009-read-tree-new-index.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..59b3aa4bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1009-read-tree-new-index.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test read-tree into a fresh index file'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo one >a &&
+	git add a &&
+	git commit -m initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-existent index file' '
+	rm -f new-index &&
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE=new-index git read-tree master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty index file' '
+	rm -f new-index &&
+	> new-index &&
+	GIT_INDEX_FILE=new-index git read-tree master
+'
+
+test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t1010-mktree.sh b/t/t1010-mktree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9956e3ad6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1010-mktree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git mktree'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for d in a a. a0
+	do
+		mkdir "$d" && echo "$d/one" >"$d/one" &&
+		git add "$d"
+	done &&
+	echo zero >one &&
+	git update-index --add --info-only one &&
+	git write-tree --missing-ok >tree.missing &&
+	git ls-tree $(cat tree.missing) >top.missing &&
+	git ls-tree -r $(cat tree.missing) >all.missing &&
+	echo one >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git write-tree >tree &&
+	git ls-tree $(cat tree) >top &&
+	git ls-tree -r $(cat tree) >all &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -q -m one &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000 $H sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -q -m two &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^{tree} >tree.withsub &&
+	git ls-tree HEAD >top.withsub &&
+	git ls-tree -r HEAD >all.withsub
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree piped to mktree (1)' '
+	git mktree <top >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree piped to mktree (2)' '
+	git mktree <top.withsub >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.withsub actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree output in wrong order given to mktree (1)' '
+	perl -e "print reverse <>" <top |
+	git mktree >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree output in wrong order given to mktree (2)' '
+	perl -e "print reverse <>" <top.withsub |
+	git mktree >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.withsub actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'allow missing object with --missing' '
+	git mktree --missing <top.missing >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.missing actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'mktree reads ls-tree -r output (1)' '
+	git mktree <all >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'mktree reads ls-tree -r output (2)' '
+	git mktree <all.withsub >actual &&
+	test_cmp tree.withsub actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
index fc386ba03..210e594f6 100755
--- a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
+++ b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ test_expect_success 'no file/rev ambiguity check inside a bare repo' '
 	cd foo.git && git show -s HEAD
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'detection should not be fooled by a symlink' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'detection should not be fooled by a symlink' '
 	cd "$HERE" &&
 	rm -fr foo.git &&
 	git clone -s .git another &&
diff --git a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
index 7f7fc3673..c4414ff57 100755
--- a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
+++ b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
@@ -40,6 +40,6 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'compare commit' \
-    'diff expected commit'
+    'test_cmp expected commit'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
index 67e637b78..ab55eda15 100755
--- a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
+++ b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
@@ -7,14 +7,18 @@ test_description='A simple turial in the form of a test case'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-echo "Hello World" > hello
-echo "Silly example" > example
+test_expect_success 'blob'  '
+	echo "Hello World" > hello &&
+	echo "Silly example" > example &&
 
-git update-index --add hello example
+	git update-index --add hello example &&
 
-test_expect_success 'blob' "test blob = \"$(git cat-file -t 557db03)\""
+	test blob = "$(git cat-file -t 557db03)"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'blob 557db03' "test \"Hello World\" = \"$(git cat-file blob 557db03)\""
+test_expect_success 'blob 557db03' '
+	test "Hello World" = "$(git cat-file blob 557db03)"
+'
 
 echo "It's a new day for git" >>hello
 cat > diff.expect << EOF
@@ -26,25 +30,35 @@ index 557db03..263414f 100644
  Hello World
 +It's a new day for git
 EOF
-git diff-files -p > diff.output
-test_expect_success 'git diff-files -p' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
-git diff > diff.output
-test_expect_success 'git diff' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
-
-tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
 
-test_expect_success 'tree' "test 8988da15d077d4829fc51d8544c097def6644dbb = $tree"
+test_expect_success 'git diff-files -p' '
+	git diff-files -p > diff.output &&
+	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
+'
 
-output="$(echo "Initial commit" | git commit-tree $(git write-tree) 2>&1 > .git/refs/heads/master)"
+test_expect_success 'git diff' '
+	git diff > diff.output &&
+	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
+'
 
-git diff-index -p HEAD > diff.output
-test_expect_success 'git diff-index -p HEAD' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
+test_expect_success 'tree' '
+	tree=$(git write-tree 2>/dev/null)
+	test 8988da15d077d4829fc51d8544c097def6644dbb = $tree
+'
 
-git diff HEAD > diff.output
-test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD' 'cmp diff.expect diff.output'
+test_expect_success 'git diff-index -p HEAD' '
+	test_tick &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit=$(echo "Initial commit" | git commit-tree $tree) &&
+	git update-ref HEAD $commit &&
+	git diff-index -p HEAD > diff.output &&
+	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
+'
 
-#rm hello
-#test_expect_success 'git read-tree --reset HEAD' "git read-tree --reset HEAD ; test \"hello: needs update\" = \"$(git update-index --refresh)\""
+test_expect_success 'git diff HEAD' '
+	git diff HEAD > diff.output &&
+	test_cmp diff.expect diff.output
+'
 
 cat > whatchanged.expect << EOF
 commit VARIABLE
@@ -69,39 +83,47 @@ index 0000000..557db03
 +Hello World
 EOF
 
-git whatchanged -p --root | \
-	sed -e "1s/^\(.\{7\}\).\{40\}/\1VARIABLE/" \
+test_expect_success 'git whatchanged -p --root' '
+	git whatchanged -p --root |
+		sed -e "1s/^\(.\{7\}\).\{40\}/\1VARIABLE/" \
 		-e "2,3s/^\(.\{8\}\).*$/\1VARIABLE/" \
-> whatchanged.output
-test_expect_success 'git whatchanged -p --root' 'cmp whatchanged.expect whatchanged.output'
-
-git tag my-first-tag
-test_expect_success 'git tag my-first-tag' 'cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/tags/my-first-tag'
+	> whatchanged.output &&
+	test_cmp whatchanged.expect whatchanged.output
+'
 
-# TODO: test git clone
+test_expect_success 'git tag my-first-tag' '
+	git tag my-first-tag &&
+	test_cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/tags/my-first-tag
+'
 
-git checkout -b mybranch
-test_expect_success 'git checkout -b mybranch' 'cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/mybranch'
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -b mybranch' '
+	git checkout -b mybranch &&
+	test_cmp .git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/mybranch
+'
 
 cat > branch.expect <<EOF
   master
 * mybranch
 EOF
 
-git branch > branch.output
-test_expect_success 'git branch' 'cmp branch.expect branch.output'
+test_expect_success 'git branch' '
+	git branch > branch.output &&
+	test_cmp branch.expect branch.output
+'
 
-git checkout mybranch
-echo "Work, work, work" >>hello
-git commit -m 'Some work.' -i hello
+test_expect_success 'git resolve now fails' '
+	git checkout mybranch &&
+	echo "Work, work, work" >>hello &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Some work." -i hello &&
 
-git checkout master
+	git checkout master &&
 
-echo "Play, play, play" >>hello
-echo "Lots of fun" >>example
-git commit -m 'Some fun.' -i hello example
+	echo "Play, play, play" >>hello &&
+	echo "Lots of fun" >>example &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Some fun." -i hello example &&
 
-test_expect_success 'git resolve now fails' '
 	test_must_fail git merge -m "Merge work in mybranch" mybranch
 '
 
@@ -112,52 +134,132 @@ Play, play, play
 Work, work, work
 EOF
 
-git commit -m 'Merged "mybranch" changes.' -i hello
-
-test_done
-
 cat > show-branch.expect << EOF
-* [master] Merged "mybranch" changes.
+* [master] Merge work in mybranch
  ! [mybranch] Some work.
 --
--  [master] Merged "mybranch" changes.
+-  [master] Merge work in mybranch
 *+ [mybranch] Some work.
+*  [master^] Some fun.
 EOF
 
-git show-branch --topo-order master mybranch > show-branch.output
-test_expect_success 'git show-branch' 'cmp show-branch.expect show-branch.output'
-
-git checkout mybranch
+test_expect_success 'git show-branch' '
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Merge work in mybranch" -i hello &&
+	git show-branch --topo-order --more=1 master mybranch \
+		> show-branch.output &&
+	test_cmp show-branch.expect show-branch.output
+'
 
 cat > resolve.expect << EOF
-Updating from VARIABLE to VARIABLE
+Updating VARIABLE..VARIABLE
+FASTFORWARD (no commit created; -m option ignored)
  example |    1 +
  hello   |    1 +
  2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 EOF
 
-git merge -s "Merge upstream changes." master | \
-	sed -e "1s/[0-9a-f]\{40\}/VARIABLE/g" >resolve.output
-test_expect_success 'git resolve' 'cmp resolve.expect resolve.output'
+test_expect_success 'git resolve' '
+	git checkout mybranch &&
+	git merge -m "Merge upstream changes." master |
+		sed -e "1s/[0-9a-f]\{7\}/VARIABLE/g" \
+		-e "s/^Fast[- ]forward /FASTFORWARD /" >resolve.output &&
+	test_cmp resolve.expect resolve.output
+'
 
 cat > show-branch2.expect << EOF
-! [master] Merged "mybranch" changes.
- * [mybranch] Merged "mybranch" changes.
+! [master] Merge work in mybranch
+ * [mybranch] Merge work in mybranch
+--
+-- [master] Merge work in mybranch
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git show-branch (part 2)' '
+	git show-branch --topo-order master mybranch > show-branch2.output &&
+	test_cmp show-branch2.expect show-branch2.output
+'
+
+cat > show-branch3.expect << EOF
+! [master] Merge work in mybranch
+ * [mybranch] Merge work in mybranch
+--
+-- [master] Merge work in mybranch
++* [master^2] Some work.
++* [master^] Some fun.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git show-branch (part 3)' '
+	git show-branch --topo-order --more=2 master mybranch \
+		> show-branch3.output &&
+	test_cmp show-branch3.expect show-branch3.output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewind to "Some fun." and "Some work."' '
+	git checkout mybranch &&
+	git reset --hard master^2 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git reset --hard master^
+'
+
+cat > show-branch4.expect << EOF
+* [master] Some fun.
+ ! [mybranch] Some work.
 --
--- [master] Merged "mybranch" changes.
+*  [master] Some fun.
+ + [mybranch] Some work.
+*+ [master^] Initial commit
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git show-branch (part 4)' '
+	git show-branch --topo-order > show-branch4.output &&
+	test_cmp show-branch4.expect show-branch4.output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'manual merge' '
+	mb=$(git merge-base HEAD mybranch) &&
+	git name-rev --name-only --tags $mb > name-rev.output &&
+	test "my-first-tag" = $(cat name-rev.output) &&
+
+	git read-tree -m -u $mb HEAD mybranch
+'
+
+cat > ls-files.expect << EOF
+100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0	example
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1	hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2	hello
+100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files --stage' '
+	git ls-files --stage > ls-files.output &&
+	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.output
+'
+
+cat > ls-files-unmerged.expect << EOF
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1	hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2	hello
+100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3	hello
 EOF
 
-git show-branch --topo-order master mybranch > show-branch2.output
-test_expect_success 'git show-branch' 'cmp show-branch2.expect show-branch2.output'
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files --unmerged' '
+	git ls-files --unmerged > ls-files-unmerged.output &&
+	test_cmp ls-files-unmerged.expect ls-files-unmerged.output
+'
 
-# TODO: test git fetch
+test_expect_success 'git-merge-index' '
+	test_must_fail git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello
+'
 
-# TODO: test git push
+test_expect_success 'git ls-files --stage (part 2)' '
+	git ls-files --stage > ls-files.output2 &&
+	test_cmp ls-files.expect ls-files.output2
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'git repack' 'git repack'
 test_expect_success 'git prune-packed' 'git prune-packed'
 test_expect_success '-> only packed objects' '
-	! find -type f .git/objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]
+	git prune && # Remove conflict marked blobs
+	test $(find .git/objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f] -type f -print 2>/dev/null | wc -l) = 0
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
index 11b82f43d..83b729401 100755
--- a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
+++ b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
@@ -118,7 +118,14 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple unset is correct' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
-mv .git/config2 .git/config
+cp .git/config2 .git/config
+
+test_expect_success '--replace-all missing value' '
+	test_must_fail git config --replace-all beta.haha &&
+	test_cmp .git/config2 .git/config
+'
+
+rm .git/config2
 
 test_expect_success '--replace-all' \
 	'git config --replace-all beta.haha gamma'
@@ -336,10 +343,10 @@ test_expect_success 'get bool variable with empty value' \
 	'git config --bool emptyvalue.variable > output &&
 	 cmp output expect'
 
-git config > output 2>&1
-
-test_expect_success 'no arguments, but no crash' \
-	"test $? = 129 && grep usage output"
+test_expect_success 'no arguments, but no crash' '
+	test_must_fail git config >output 2>&1 &&
+	grep usage output
+'
 
 cat > .git/config << EOF
 [a.b]
@@ -373,7 +380,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'new variable inserts into proper section' 'cmp .git/config expect'
 
 test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG (non-existing file should fail)' \
-	'git config --file non-existing-config -l; test $? != 0'
+	'test_must_fail git config --file non-existing-config -l'
 
 cat > other-config << EOF
 [ein]
@@ -453,6 +460,28 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
 
 cat >> .git/config << EOF
+[branch "vier"] z = 1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success "rename a section with a var on the same line" \
+	'git config --rename-section branch.vier branch.zwei'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+# Hallo
+	#Bello
+[branch "zwei"]
+	x = 1
+[branch "zwei"]
+	y = 1
+[branch "drei"]
+weird
+[branch "zwei"]
+	z = 1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
+
+cat >> .git/config << EOF
   [branch "zwei"] a = 1 [branch "vier"]
 EOF
 
@@ -726,7 +755,12 @@ echo >>result
 
 test_expect_success '--null --get-regexp' 'cmp result expect'
 
-test_expect_success 'symlinked configuration' '
+test_expect_success 'inner whitespace kept verbatim' '
+	git config section.val "foo 	  bar" &&
+	test "z$(git config section.val)" = "zfoo 	  bar"
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlinked configuration' '
 
 	ln -s notyet myconfig &&
 	GIT_CONFIG=myconfig git config test.frotz nitfol &&
diff --git a/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh b/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
index 653362ba2..de42d21c9 100755
--- a/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
+++ b/t/t1301-shared-repo.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ modebits () {
 
 for u in 002 022
 do
-	test_expect_success "shared=1 does not clear bits preset by umask $u" '
+	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "shared=1 does not clear bits preset by umask $u" '
 		mkdir sub && (
 			cd sub &&
 			umask $u &&
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ test_expect_success 'shared=all' '
 	test 2 = $(git config core.sharedrepository)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'update-server-info honors core.sharedRepository' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'update-server-info honors core.sharedRepository' '
 	: > a1 &&
 	git add a1 &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ do
 	git config core.sharedrepository "$u" &&
 	umask 0277 &&
 
-	test_expect_success "shared = $u ($y) ro" '
+	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "shared = $u ($y) ro" '
 
 		rm -f .git/info/refs &&
 		git update-server-info &&
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ do
 	'
 
 	umask 077 &&
-	test_expect_success "shared = $u ($x) rw" '
+	test_expect_success POSIXPERM "shared = $u ($x) rw" '
 
 		rm -f .git/info/refs &&
 		git update-server-info &&
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ do
 
 done
 
-test_expect_success 'git reflog expire honors core.sharedRepository' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git reflog expire honors core.sharedRepository' '
 	git config core.sharedRepository group &&
 	git reflog expire --all &&
 	actual="$(ls -l .git/logs/refs/heads/master)" &&
@@ -126,4 +126,45 @@ test_expect_success 'git reflog expire honors core.sharedRepository' '
 	esac
 '
 
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'forced modes' '
+	mkdir -p templates/hooks &&
+	echo update-server-info >templates/hooks/post-update &&
+	chmod +x templates/hooks/post-update &&
+	echo : >random-file &&
+	mkdir new &&
+	(
+		cd new &&
+		umask 002 &&
+		git init --shared=0660 --template=../templates &&
+		>frotz &&
+		git add frotz &&
+		git commit -a -m initial &&
+		git repack
+	) &&
+	# List repository files meant to be protected; note that
+	# COMMIT_EDITMSG does not matter---0mode is not about a
+	# repository with a work tree.
+	find new/.git -type f -name COMMIT_EDITMSG -prune -o -print |
+	xargs ls -ld >actual &&
+
+	# Everything must be unaccessible to others
+	test -z "$(sed -e "/^.......---/d" actual)" &&
+
+	# All directories must have either 2770 or 770
+	test -z "$(sed -n -e "/^drwxrw[sx]---/d" -e "/^d/p" actual)" &&
+
+	# post-update hook must be 0770
+	test -z "$(sed -n -e "/post-update/{
+		/^-rwxrwx---/d
+		p
+	}" actual)" &&
+
+	# All files inside objects must be accessible by us
+	test -z "$(sed -n -e "/objects\//{
+		/^d/d
+		/^-r.-r.----/d
+		p
+	}" actual)"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1303-wacky-config.sh b/t/t1303-wacky-config.sh
index 1983076c7..080117c6b 100755
--- a/t/t1303-wacky-config.sh
+++ b/t/t1303-wacky-config.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ setup() {
 
 check() {
 	echo "$2" >expected
-	git config --get "$1" >actual
+	git config --get "$1" >actual 2>&1
 	test_cmp actual expected
 }
 
@@ -40,4 +40,11 @@ test_expect_success 'make sure git config escapes section names properly' '
 	check "$SECTION" bar
 '
 
+LONG_VALUE=$(printf "x%01021dx a" 7)
+test_expect_success 'do not crash on special long config line' '
+	setup &&
+	git config section.key "$LONG_VALUE" &&
+	check section.key "fatal: bad config file line 2 in .git/config"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
index bd589268f..54ba3df95 100755
--- a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ $B $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150860 +0000
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	"verifying $m's log" \
-	"diff expect .git/logs/$m"
+	"test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m"
 rm -rf .git/$m .git/logs expect
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ $B $A $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150980 +0000
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	"verifying $m's log" \
-	'diff expect .git/logs/$m'
+	'test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m'
 rm -f .git/$m .git/logs/$m expect
 
 git update-ref $m $D
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ $h_FIXED $h_MERGED $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117151100 +0000	c
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'git commit logged updates' \
-	"diff expect .git/logs/$m"
+	"test_cmp expect .git/logs/$m"
 unset h_TEST h_OTHER h_FIXED h_MERGED
 
 test_expect_success \
diff --git a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7fa5f5b22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic symbolic-ref tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# If the tests munging HEAD fail, they can break detection of
+# the git repo, meaning that further tests will operate on
+# the surrounding git repo instead of the trash directory.
+reset_to_sane() {
+	echo ref: refs/heads/foo >.git/HEAD
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref writes HEAD' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/foo &&
+	echo ref: refs/heads/foo >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref reads HEAD' '
+	echo refs/heads/foo >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses non-ref for HEAD' '
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD foo
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses bare sha1' '
+	echo content >file && git add file && git commit -m one
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD `git rev-parse HEAD`
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..eb45afb01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test git check-ref-format'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+valid_ref() {
+	test_expect_success "ref name '$1' is valid" \
+		"git check-ref-format '$1'"
+}
+invalid_ref() {
+	test_expect_success "ref name '$1' is not valid" \
+		"test_must_fail git check-ref-format '$1'"
+}
+
+valid_ref 'heads/foo'
+invalid_ref 'foo'
+valid_ref 'foo/bar/baz'
+valid_ref 'refs///heads/foo'
+invalid_ref 'heads/foo/'
+invalid_ref './foo'
+invalid_ref '.refs/foo'
+invalid_ref 'heads/foo..bar'
+invalid_ref 'heads/foo?bar'
+valid_ref 'foo./bar'
+invalid_ref 'heads/foo.lock'
+valid_ref 'heads/foo@bar'
+invalid_ref 'heads/v@{ation'
+invalid_ref 'heads/foo\bar'
+
+test_expect_success "check-ref-format --branch @{-1}" '
+	T=$(git write-tree) &&
+	sha1=$(echo A | git commit-tree $T) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/master $sha1 &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master $sha1
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout origin/master &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	refname=$(git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}) &&
+	test "$refname" = "$sha1" &&
+	refname2=$(git check-ref-format --branch @{-2}) &&
+	test "$refname2" = master'
+
+valid_ref_normalized() {
+	test_expect_success "ref name '$1' simplifies to '$2'" "
+		refname=\$(git check-ref-format --print '$1') &&
+		test \"\$refname\" = '$2'"
+}
+invalid_ref_normalized() {
+	test_expect_success "check-ref-format --print rejects '$1'" "
+		test_must_fail git check-ref-format --print '$1'"
+}
+
+valid_ref_normalized 'heads/foo' 'heads/foo'
+valid_ref_normalized 'refs///heads/foo' 'refs/heads/foo'
+invalid_ref_normalized 'foo'
+invalid_ref_normalized 'heads/foo/../bar'
+invalid_ref_normalized 'heads/./foo'
+invalid_ref_normalized 'heads\foo'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1410-reflog.sh b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
index 5b24f0557..80af6b9b7 100755
--- a/t/t1410-reflog.sh
+++ b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
@@ -70,9 +70,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	E=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD:A/B/E` &&
 	check_fsck &&
 
-	chmod +x C &&
-	( test "`git config --bool core.filemode`" != false ||
-	  echo executable >>C ) &&
+	test_chmod +x C &&
 	git add C &&
 	test_tick && git commit -m dragon &&
 	L=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
diff --git a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c18ed8edf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test reflog display routines'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m one
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'log -g shows reflog headers' '
+	git log -g -1 >tmp &&
+	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+e46513e HEAD@{0}: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'oneline reflog format' '
+	git log -g -1 --oneline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using @{now} syntax shows reflog date (multiline)' '
+	git log -g -1 HEAD@{now} >tmp &&
+	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+e46513e HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using @{now} syntax shows reflog date (oneline)' '
+	git log -g -1 --oneline HEAD@{now} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{1112911993 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (multiline)' '
+	git log -g -1 --date=raw >tmp &&
+	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+e46513e HEAD@{1112911993 -0700}: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (oneline)' '
+	git log -g -1 --oneline --date=raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a22632f48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git fsck random collection of tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit A fileA one &&
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	test_commit B fileB two &&
+	git tag -d A B &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'HEAD is part of refs' '
+	test 0 = $(git fsck | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'loose objects borrowed from alternate are not missing' '
+	mkdir another &&
+	(
+		cd another &&
+		git init &&
+		echo ../../../.git/objects >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+		test_commit C fileC one &&
+		git fsck >out &&
+		! grep "missing blob" out
+	)
+'
+
+# Corruption tests follow.  Make sure to remove all traces of the
+# specific corruption you test afterwards, lest a later test trip over
+# it.
+
+test_expect_success 'object with bad sha1' '
+	sha=$(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	echo $sha &&
+	old=$(echo $sha | sed "s+^..+&/+") &&
+	new=$(dirname $old)/ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
+	sha="$(dirname $new)$(basename $new)"
+	mv .git/objects/$old .git/objects/$new &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $sha foo &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	cmt=$(echo bogus | git commit-tree $tree) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/bogus $cmt &&
+	(git fsck 2>out; true) &&
+	grep "$sha.*corrupt" out &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/$new &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/bogus &&
+	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch pointing to non-commit' '
+	git rev-parse HEAD^{tree} > .git/refs/heads/invalid &&
+	git fsck 2>out &&
+	grep "not a commit" out &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/heads/invalid
+'
+
+cat > invalid-tag <<EOF
+object ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+type commit
+tag invalid
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1234567890 -0000
+
+This is an invalid tag.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_failure 'tag pointing to nonexistent' '
+	tag=$(git hash-object -w --stdin < invalid-tag) &&
+	echo $tag > .git/refs/tags/invalid &&
+	git fsck --tags 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "could not load tagged object" out &&
+	rm .git/refs/tags/invalid
+'
+
+cat > wrong-tag <<EOF
+object $(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin)
+type commit
+tag wrong
+tagger T A Gger <tagger@example.com> 1234567890 -0000
+
+This is an invalid tag.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_failure 'tag pointing to something else than its type' '
+	tag=$(git hash-object -w --stdin < wrong-tag) &&
+	echo $tag > .git/refs/tags/wrong &&
+	git fsck --tags 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep "some sane error message" out &&
+	rm .git/refs/tags/wrong
+'
+
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh b/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
index 85da4caa7..48ee07779 100755
--- a/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
+++ b/t/t1500-rev-parse.sh
@@ -26,21 +26,28 @@ test_rev_parse() {
 	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)\""
 	shift
 	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
+
+	test_expect_success "$name: git-dir" \
+	"test '$1' = \"\$(git rev-parse --git-dir)\""
+	shift
+	[ $# -eq 0 ] && return
 }
 
-# label is-bare is-inside-git is-inside-work prefix
+# label is-bare is-inside-git is-inside-work prefix git-dir
+
+ROOT=$(pwd)
 
-test_rev_parse toplevel false false true ''
+test_rev_parse toplevel false false true '' .git
 
 cd .git || exit 1
-test_rev_parse .git/ false true false ''
+test_rev_parse .git/ false true false '' .
 cd objects || exit 1
-test_rev_parse .git/objects/ false true false ''
+test_rev_parse .git/objects/ false true false '' "$ROOT/.git"
 cd ../.. || exit 1
 
 mkdir -p sub/dir || exit 1
 cd sub/dir || exit 1
-test_rev_parse subdirectory false false true sub/dir/
+test_rev_parse subdirectory false false true sub/dir/ "$ROOT/.git"
 cd ../.. || exit 1
 
 git config core.bare true
diff --git a/t/t1501-worktree.sh b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
index f6a6f839a..9df301211 100755
--- a/t/t1501-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
@@ -174,4 +174,25 @@ test_expect_success 'git grep' '
 	GIT_DIR=../.. GIT_WORK_TREE=.. git grep -l changed | grep dir/tracked)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git commit' '
+	(
+		cd repo.git &&
+		GIT_DIR=. GIT_WORK_TREE=work git commit -a -m done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absolute pathspec should fail gracefully' '
+	(
+		cd repo.git || exit 1
+		git config --unset core.worktree
+		test_must_fail git log HEAD -- /home
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make_relative_path handles double slashes in GIT_DIR' '
+	: > dummy_file
+	echo git --git-dir="$(pwd)//repo.git" --work-tree="$(pwd)" add dummy_file &&
+	git --git-dir="$(pwd)//repo.git" --work-tree="$(pwd)" add dummy_file
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
index 997002d4c..e50405806 100755
--- a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
+++ b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
@@ -20,8 +20,7 @@ Extras
 
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output' '
-	git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h 2> output.err <<EOF
+cat > optionspec << EOF
 some-command [options] <args>...
 
 some-command does foo and bar!
@@ -37,7 +36,47 @@ C?        option C with an optional argument
 Extras
 extra1    line above used to cause a segfault but no longer does
 EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h 2> output.err < optionspec
 	test_cmp expect.err output.err
 '
 
+cat > expect <<EOF
+set -- --foo --bar 'ham' -- 'arg'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo --bar=ham arg < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt with mixed options and arguments' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+set -- --foo -- 'arg' '--bar=ham'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt with --' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt -- --foo -- arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --stop-at-non-option' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt --stop-at-non-option -- --foo arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+set -- --foo -- '--' 'arg' '--bar=ham'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test --parseopt --keep-dashdash' '
+	git rev-parse --parseopt --keep-dashdash -- --foo -- arg --bar=ham < optionspec > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh b/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
index 91b704a3a..df5ad8c68 100755
--- a/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
+++ b/t/t1504-ceiling-dirs.sh
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ test_fail() {
 	"git rev-parse --show-prefix"
 }
 
-TRASH_ROOT="$(pwd)"
+TRASH_ROOT="$PWD"
 ROOT_PARENT=$(dirname "$TRASH_ROOT")
 
 
@@ -93,13 +93,13 @@ GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/subdi"
 test_prefix subdir_ceil_at_subdi_slash "sub/dir/"
 
 
-GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="foo:$TRASH_ROOT/sub"
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="/foo:$TRASH_ROOT/sub"
 test_fail second_of_two
 
-GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub:bar"
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_ROOT/sub:/bar"
 test_fail first_of_two
 
-GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="foo:$TRASH_ROOT/sub:bar"
+GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="/foo:$TRASH_ROOT/sub:/bar"
 test_fail second_of_three
 
 
diff --git a/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh b/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d709ecf8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test @{-N} syntax'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+make_commit () {
+	echo "$1" > "$1" &&
+	git add "$1" &&
+	git commit -m "$1"
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	make_commit 1 &&
+	git branch side &&
+	make_commit 2 &&
+	make_commit 3 &&
+	git checkout side &&
+	make_commit 4 &&
+	git merge master &&
+	git checkout master
+
+'
+
+# 1 -- 2 -- 3 master
+#  \         \
+#   \         \
+#    --- 4 --- 5 side
+#
+# and 'side' should be the last branch
+
+test_rev_equivalent () {
+
+	git rev-parse "$1" > expect &&
+	git rev-parse "$2" > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+}
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1} works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side @{-1}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1}~2 works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side~2 @{-1}~2
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1}^2 works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side^2 @{-1}^2
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-1}@{1} works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent side@{1} @{-1}@{1}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-2} works' '
+	test_rev_equivalent master @{-2}
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{-3} fails' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse @{-3}
+'
+
+test_done
+
+
diff --git a/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh b/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh
index f7e1a735e..de3edb5d5 100755
--- a/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh
+++ b/t/t2000-checkout-cache-clash.sh
@@ -48,4 +48,13 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git checkout-index conflicting paths.' \
     'test -f path0 && test -d path1 && test -f path1/file1'
 
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'checkout-index -f twice with --prefix' '
+	mkdir -p tar/get &&
+	ln -s tar/get there &&
+	echo first &&
+	git checkout-index -a -f --prefix=there/ &&
+	echo second &&
+	git checkout-index -a -f --prefix=there/
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh b/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh
index ef007532b..98aa73e82 100755
--- a/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh
+++ b/t/t2001-checkout-cache-clash.sh
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git read-tree -m $tree1 && git checkout-index -f -a'
 test_debug 'show_files $tree1'
 
-ln -s path0 path1
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'git update-index --add a symlink.' \
-    'git update-index --add path1'
+    'ln -s path0 path1 &&
+     git update-index --add path1'
 test_expect_success \
     'writing tree out with git write-tree' \
     'tree3=$(git write-tree)'
diff --git a/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh b/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh
index 71894b374..02a4fc5d3 100755
--- a/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh
+++ b/t/t2003-checkout-cache-mkdir.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     echo rezrov >path1/file1 &&
     git update-index --add path0 path1/file1'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'have symlink in place where dir is expected.' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 &&
      mkdir path2 &&
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      test ! -f path1/file1'
 
 # Linus fix #1
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'use --prefix=tmp/orary/ where tmp is a symlink' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
      mkdir tmp1 tmp1/orary &&
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      test -h tmp'
 
 # Linus fix #2
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'use --prefix=tmp/orary- where tmp is a symlink' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
      mkdir tmp1 &&
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      test -h tmp'
 
 # Linus fix #3
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'use --prefix=tmp- where tmp-path1 is a symlink' \
     'rm -fr path0 path1 path2 tmp* &&
      mkdir tmp1 &&
diff --git a/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh b/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
index 39133b8c7..36cca14d9 100755
--- a/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
+++ b/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ test_expect_success \
  test $(cat ../$s1) = tree1asubdir/path5)
 )'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
 'checkout --temp symlink' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
 ln -s b a &&
diff --git a/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh b/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
index 0526fce16..20f33436d 100755
--- a/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t2007-checkout-symlink.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ test_description='git checkout to switch between branches with symlink<->dir'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say "symbolic links not supported - skipping tests"
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	mkdir frotz &&
diff --git a/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
index 764bb0a6b..15ebdc26e 100755
--- a/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
+++ b/t/t2011-checkout-invalid-head.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git commit -m initial
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout should not start branch from a tree' '
+	test_must_fail git checkout -b newbranch master^{tree}
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'checkout master from invalid HEAD' '
 	echo 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 >.git/HEAD &&
 	git checkout master --
diff --git a/t/t2012-checkout-last.sh b/t/t2012-checkout-last.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..87b30a268
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2012-checkout-last.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout can switch to last branch'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo hello >world &&
+	git add world &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git branch other &&
+	echo "hello again" >>world &&
+	git add world &&
+	git commit -m second
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" does not work initially' '
+	test_must_fail git checkout -
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'first branch switch' '
+	git checkout other
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" switches back' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/master"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" switches forth' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/other"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detach HEAD' '
+	git checkout $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" attaches again' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/other"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout -" detaches again' '
+	git checkout - &&
+	test "z$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "z$(git rev-parse other)" &&
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'more switches' '
+	for i in 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
+	do
+		git checkout -b branch$i
+	done
+'
+
+more_switches () {
+	for i in 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
+	do
+		git checkout branch$i
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-1} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to second from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-2} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch3"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to third from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-3} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch4"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to fourth from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-4} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch5"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'switch to twelfth from the last' '
+	more_switches &&
+	git checkout @{-12} &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = "zrefs/heads/branch13"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fda3f0af7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout can handle submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir submodule &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 git init &&
+	 test_commit first) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m superproject &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 test_commit second) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m updated.superproject
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"reset <submodule>" updates the index' '
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git reset HEAD^ submodule &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git reset submodule &&
+	git diff-files --quiet
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"checkout <submodule>" updates the index only' '
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ submodule &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git checkout HEAD submodule &&
+	git diff-files --quiet
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2014-switch.sh b/t/t2014-switch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ccfb14711
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2014-switch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Peter MacMillan'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo Hello >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m V1 &&
+	echo Hello world >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git checkout -b other
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check all changes are staged' '
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'second commit' '
+	git commit -m V2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check' '
+	git diff --cached --exit-code
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2015-checkout-unborn.sh b/t/t2015-checkout-unborn.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c551d39a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2015-checkout-unborn.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout from unborn branch protects contents'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(cd parent &&
+	 git init &&
+	 echo content >file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 git commit -m base
+	) &&
+	git fetch parent master:origin
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout from unborn preserves untracked files' '
+	echo precious >expect &&
+	echo precious >file &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout -b new origin &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout from unborn preserves index contents' '
+	echo precious >expect &&
+	echo precious >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout -b new origin &&
+	test_cmp expect file &&
+	git show :file >file &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout from unborn merges identical index contents' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git checkout -b new origin
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh b/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4d1c2e9e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2016-checkout-patch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git checkout --patch'
+
+. ./lib-patch-mode.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir dir &&
+	echo parent > dir/foo &&
+	echo dummy > bar &&
+	git add bar dir/foo &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_commit second dir/foo head &&
+	set_and_save_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
+	save_head
+'
+
+# note: bar sorts before dir/foo, so the first 'n' is always to skip 'bar'
+
+test_expect_success 'saying "n" does nothing' '
+	set_and_save_state dir/foo work head &&
+	(echo n; echo n) | git checkout -p &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_saved_state dir/foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -p' '
+	(echo n; echo y) | git checkout -p &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -p with staged changes' '
+	set_state dir/foo work index
+	(echo n; echo y) | git checkout -p &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo index index
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -p HEAD with NO staged changes: abort' '
+	set_and_save_state dir/foo work head &&
+	(echo n; echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_saved_state dir/foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -p HEAD with NO staged changes: apply' '
+	(echo n; echo y; echo y) | git checkout -p HEAD &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -p HEAD with change already staged' '
+	set_state dir/foo index index
+	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
+	(echo n; echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git checkout -p HEAD^' '
+	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
+	(echo n; echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD^ &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo parent parent
+'
+
+# The idea in the rest is that bar sorts first, so we always say 'y'
+# first and if the path limiter fails it'll apply to bar instead of
+# dir/foo.  There's always an extra 'n' to reject edits to dir/foo in
+# the failure case (and thus get out of the loop).
+
+test_expect_success 'path limiting works: dir' '
+	set_state dir/foo work head &&
+	(echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p dir &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'path limiting works: -- dir' '
+	set_state dir/foo work head &&
+	(echo y; echo n) | git checkout -p -- dir &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'path limiting works: HEAD^ -- dir' '
+	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
+	(echo y; echo n; echo n) | git checkout -p HEAD^ -- dir &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo parent parent
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'path limiting works: foo inside dir' '
+	set_state dir/foo work head &&
+	# the third n is to get out in case it mistakenly does not apply
+	(echo y; echo n; echo n) | (cd dir && git checkout -p foo) &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'none of this moved HEAD' '
+	verify_saved_head
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh b/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh
index 6ef2dcfd8..2df3fdde8 100755
--- a/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh
+++ b/t/t2100-update-cache-badpath.sh
@@ -26,7 +26,12 @@ All of the attempts should fail.
 
 mkdir path2 path3
 date >path0
-ln -s xyzzy path1
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s xyzzy path1
+else
+	date > path1
+fi
 date >path2/file2
 date >path3/file3
 
@@ -38,7 +43,12 @@ rm -fr path?
 
 mkdir path0 path1
 date >path2
-ln -s frotz path3
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s frotz path3
+else
+	date > path3
+fi
 date >path0/file0
 date >path1/file1
 
diff --git a/t/t2200-add-update.sh b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
index cd9231cf6..912075063 100755
--- a/t/t2200-add-update.sh
+++ b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ and issues a git add -u with path limiting on "dir" to add
 only the updates to dir/sub.
 
 Also tested are "git add -u" without limiting, and "git add -u"
-without contents changes.'
+without contents changes, and other conditions'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ test_expect_success 'change gets noticed' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'replace a file with a symlink' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'replace a file with a symlink' '
 
 	rm foo &&
 	ln -s top foo &&
@@ -128,4 +128,52 @@ test_expect_success 'add -n -u should not add but just report' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'add -u resolves unmerged paths' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	one=$(echo 1 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	two=$(echo 2 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	three=$(echo 3 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	{
+		for path in path1 path2
+		do
+			echo "100644 $one 1	$path"
+			echo "100644 $two 2	$path"
+			echo "100644 $three 3	$path"
+		done
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path3"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path4"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path5"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path6"
+	} |
+	git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo 3 >path1 &&
+	echo 2 >path3 &&
+	echo 2 >path5 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git ls-files -s path1 path2 path3 path4 path5 path6 >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path3"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path4"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path5"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path6"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Bonus tests.  Explicit resolving
+	git add path3 path5 &&
+	test_must_fail git add path4 &&
+	test_must_fail git add path6 &&
+	git rm path4 &&
+	git rm path6 &&
+
+	git ls-files -s "path?" >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
+		echo "100644 $two 0	path3"
+		echo "100644 $two 0	path5"
+	} >expect
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
index d24c7d9e5..2e8f70245 100755
--- a/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
+++ b/t/t2201-add-update-typechange.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,13 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	_empty=$(git hash-object --stdin <xyzzy) &&
 	>yomin &&
 	>caskly &&
-	ln -s frotz nitfol &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s frotz nitfol &&
+		T_letter=T
+	else
+		printf %s frotz > nitfol &&
+		T_letter=M
+	fi &&
 	mkdir rezrov &&
 	>rezrov/bozbar &&
 	git add caskly xyzzy yomin nitfol rezrov/bozbar &&
@@ -29,7 +35,11 @@ test_expect_success modify '
 	>nitfol &&
 	# rezrov/bozbar disappears
 	rm -fr rezrov &&
-	ln -s xyzzy rezrov &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s xyzzy rezrov
+	else
+		printf %s xyzzy > rezrov
+	fi &&
 	# xyzzy disappears (not a submodule)
 	mkdir xyzzy &&
 	echo gnusto >xyzzy/bozbar &&
@@ -71,7 +81,7 @@ test_expect_success modify '
 				s/blob/000000/
 			}
 			/	nitfol/{
-				s/	nitfol/ $_z40 T&/
+				s/	nitfol/ $_z40 $T_letter&/
 				s/blob/100644/
 			}
 			/	rezrov.bozbar/{
diff --git a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
index d4de35ea0..58a329961 100755
--- a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
+++ b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
@@ -32,5 +32,33 @@ test_expect_success 'intent to add does not clobber existing paths' '
 	! grep "$empty" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cannot commit with i-t-a entry' '
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m initial &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	echo xyzzy >rezrov &&
+	echo frotz >nitfol &&
+	git add rezrov &&
+	git add -N nitfol &&
+	test_must_fail git commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can commit with an unrelated i-t-a entry in index' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo xyzzy >rezrov &&
+	echo frotz >nitfol &&
+	git add rezrov &&
+	git add -N nitfol &&
+	git commit -m partial rezrov
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can "commit -a" with an i-t-a entry' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	: >nitfol &&
+	git add -N nitfol &&
+	git commit -a -m all
+'
+
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh b/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9965bc5c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2300-cd-to-toplevel.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='cd_to_toplevel'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_cd_to_toplevel () {
+	test_expect_success $3 "$2" '
+		(
+			cd '"'$1'"' &&
+			. "$(git --exec-path)"/git-sh-setup &&
+			cd_to_toplevel &&
+			[ "$(pwd -P)" = "$TOPLEVEL" ]
+		)
+	'
+}
+
+TOPLEVEL="$(pwd -P)/repo"
+mkdir -p repo/sub/dir
+mv .git repo/
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=1
+
+test_cd_to_toplevel repo 'at physical root'
+
+test_cd_to_toplevel repo/sub/dir 'at physical subdir'
+
+ln -s repo symrepo 2>/dev/null
+test_cd_to_toplevel symrepo 'at symbolic root' SYMLINKS
+
+ln -s repo/sub/dir subdir-link 2>/dev/null
+test_cd_to_toplevel subdir-link 'at symbolic subdir' SYMLINKS
+
+cd repo
+ln -s sub/dir internal-link 2>/dev/null
+test_cd_to_toplevel internal-link 'at internal symbolic subdir' SYMLINKS
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
index bc0a35139..86291e839 100755
--- a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
+++ b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
@@ -13,12 +13,18 @@ filesystem.
     path2/file2 - a file in a directory
     path3-junk  - a file to confuse things
     path3/file3 - a file in a directory
+    path4       - an empty directory
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 date >path0
-ln -s xyzzy path1
-mkdir path2 path3
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s xyzzy path1
+else
+	date > path1
+fi
+mkdir path2 path3 path4
 date >path2/file2
 date >path2-junk
 date >path3/file3
@@ -28,6 +34,7 @@ git update-index --add path3-junk path3/file3
 cat >expected1 <<EOF
 expected1
 expected2
+expected3
 output
 path0
 path1
@@ -35,6 +42,8 @@ path2-junk
 path2/file2
 EOF
 sed -e 's|path2/file2|path2/|' <expected1 >expected2
+cat <expected2 >expected3
+echo path4/ >>expected2
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git ls-files --others to show output.' \
@@ -42,7 +51,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git ls-files --others should pick up symlinks.' \
-    'diff output expected1'
+    'test_cmp expected1 output'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git ls-files --others --directory to show output.' \
@@ -51,6 +60,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git ls-files --others --directory should not get confused.' \
-    'diff output expected2'
+    'test_cmp expected2 output'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git ls-files --others --directory --no-empty-directory to show output.' \
+    'git ls-files --others --directory --no-empty-directory >output'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    '--no-empty-directory hides empty directory' \
+    'test_cmp expected3 output'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
index 8666946b0..c65bca838 100755
--- a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
+++ b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ do
     >$dir/a.$i
   done
 done
+>"#ignore1"
+>"#ignore2"
+>"#hidden"
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 a.2
@@ -42,6 +45,9 @@ three/a.8
 EOF
 
 echo '.gitignore
+\#ignore1
+\#ignore2*
+\#hid*n
 output
 expect
 .gitignore
@@ -79,9 +85,10 @@ test_expect_success \
        >output &&
      test_cmp expect output'
 
-cat > excludes-file << EOF
+cat > excludes-file <<\EOF
 *.[1-8]
 e*
+\#*
 EOF
 
 git config core.excludesFile excludes-file
@@ -140,4 +147,10 @@ test_expect_success 'trailing slash in exclude forces directory match (2)' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'negated exclude matches can override previous ones' '
+
+	git ls-files --others --exclude="a.*" --exclude="!a.1" >output &&
+	grep "^a.1" output
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3003-ls-files-exclude.sh b/t/t3003-ls-files-exclude.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d5ec33313
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3003-ls-files-exclude.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='ls-files --exclude does not affect index files'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create repo with file' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m file &&
+	echo modification >file
+'
+
+check_output() {
+test_expect_success "ls-files output contains file ($1)" "
+	echo '$2' >expect &&
+	git ls-files --exclude-standard --$1 >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+"
+}
+
+check_all_output() {
+	check_output 'cached' 'file'
+	check_output 'modified' 'file'
+}
+
+check_all_output
+test_expect_success 'add file to gitignore' '
+	echo file >.gitignore
+'
+check_all_output
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files -i lists only tracked-but-ignored files' '
+	echo content >other-file &&
+	git add other-file &&
+	echo file >expect &&
+	git ls-files -i --exclude-standard >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh b/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
index ec1404063..95671c205 100755
--- a/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
+++ b/t/t3010-ls-files-killed-modified.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,12 @@ modified without reporting path9 and path10.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 date >path0
-ln -s xyzzy path1
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s xyzzy path1
+else
+	date > path1
+fi
 mkdir path2 path3
 date >path2/file2
 date >path3/file3
@@ -52,8 +57,14 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 rm -fr path? ;# leave path10 alone
 date >path2
-ln -s frotz path3
-ln -s nitfol path5
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	ln -s frotz path3
+	ln -s nitfol path5
+else
+	date > path3
+	date > path5
+fi
 mkdir path0 path1 path6
 date >path0/file0
 date >path1/file1
@@ -75,7 +86,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate git ls-files -k output.' \
-    'diff .output .expected'
+    'test_cmp .expected .output'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git ls-files -m to show modified files.' \
@@ -91,6 +102,6 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate git ls-files -m output.' \
-    'diff .output .expected'
+    'test_cmp .expected .output'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
index 0de613dc5..9b3fa2bdc 100755
--- a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
+++ b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
@@ -276,6 +276,9 @@ test_expect_success 'fail if the index has unresolved entries' '
 
 	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" &&
 	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" 2> out &&
+	grep "You have not concluded your merge" out &&
+	rm -f .git/MERGE_HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git merge "$c5" 2> out &&
 	grep "You are in the middle of a conflicted merge" out
 
 '
diff --git a/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh b/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7f41607c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3031-merge-criscross.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge-recursive backend test'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#         A      <- create some files
+#        / \
+#       B   C    <- cause rename/delete conflicts between B and C
+#      /     \
+#     |\     /|
+#     | D   E |
+#     |  \ /  |
+#     |   X   |
+#     |  / \  |
+#     | /   \ |
+#     |/     \|
+#     F       G  <- merge E into B, D into C
+#      \     /
+#       \   /
+#        \ /
+#         H      <- recursive merge crashes
+#
+
+# initialize
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with criss-cross history' '
+	mkdir data &&
+
+	# create a bunch of files
+	n=1 &&
+	while test $n -le 10
+	do
+		echo $n > data/$n &&
+		n=$(($n+1)) ||
+		break
+	done &&
+
+	# check them in
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m A &&
+	git branch A &&
+
+	# a file in one branch
+	git checkout -b B A &&
+	git rm data/9 &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m B &&
+
+	# with a branch off of it
+	git branch D &&
+
+	# put some commits on D
+	git checkout D &&
+	echo testD > data/testD &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m D &&
+
+	# back up to the top, create another branch and cause
+	# a rename conflict with the file we deleted earlier
+	git checkout -b C A &&
+	git mv data/9 data/new-9 &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m C &&
+
+	# with a branch off of it
+	git branch E &&
+
+	# put a commit on E
+	git checkout E &&
+	echo testE > data/testE &&
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m E &&
+
+	# now, merge E into B
+	git checkout B &&
+	test_must_fail git merge E &&
+	# force-resolve
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m F &&
+	git branch F &&
+
+	# and merge D into C
+	git checkout C &&
+	test_must_fail git merge D &&
+	# force-resolve
+	git add data &&
+	git commit -m G &&
+	git branch G
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'recursive merge between F and G, causes segfault' '
+	git merge F
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh b/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
index 6e6a2542a..ee60d03fe 100755
--- a/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
+++ b/t/t3100-ls-tree-restrict.sh
@@ -22,9 +22,21 @@ test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
     'mkdir path2 path2/baz &&
      echo Hi >path0 &&
-     ln -s path0 path1 &&
+     if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+     then
+	ln -s path0 path1 &&
+	ln -s ../path1 path2/bazbo
+	make_expected () {
+		cat >expected
+	}
+     else
+	printf path0 > path1 &&
+	printf ../path1 > path2/bazbo
+	make_expected () {
+		sed -e "s/120000 /100644 /" >expected
+	}
+     fi &&
      echo Lo >path2/foo &&
-     ln -s ../path1 path2/bazbo &&
      echo Mi >path2/baz/b &&
      find path? \( -type f -o -type l \) -print |
      xargs git update-index --add &&
@@ -41,7 +53,7 @@ test_output () {
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree plain' \
     'git ls-tree $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 040000 tree X	path2
@@ -51,7 +63,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree recursive' \
     'git ls-tree -r $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 100644 blob X	path2/baz/b
@@ -63,7 +75,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree recursive with -t' \
     'git ls-tree -r -t $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 040000 tree X	path2
@@ -77,7 +89,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree recursive with -d' \
     'git ls-tree -r -d $tree >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2
 040000 tree X	path2/baz
 EOF
@@ -86,7 +98,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path' \
     'git ls-tree $tree path >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 EOF
      test_output'
 
@@ -96,7 +108,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path1 path0' \
     'git ls-tree $tree path1 path0 >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 100644 blob X	path0
 120000 blob X	path1
 EOF
@@ -105,7 +117,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path0/' \
     'git ls-tree $tree path0/ >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 EOF
      test_output'
 
@@ -114,7 +126,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2' \
     'git ls-tree $tree path2 >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2
 EOF
      test_output'
@@ -123,7 +135,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2/' \
     'git ls-tree $tree path2/ >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2/baz
 120000 blob X	path2/bazbo
 100644 blob X	path2/foo
@@ -135,7 +147,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2/baz' \
     'git ls-tree $tree path2/baz >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2/baz
 EOF
      test_output'
@@ -143,14 +155,14 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree filtered with path2/bak' \
     'git ls-tree $tree path2/bak >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 EOF
      test_output'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'ls-tree -t filtered with path2/bak' \
     'git ls-tree -t $tree path2/bak >current &&
-     cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+     make_expected <<\EOF &&
 040000 tree X	path2
 EOF
      test_output'
diff --git a/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh b/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
index 4dd7d12ba..8be9fb411 100755
--- a/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
+++ b/t/t3101-ls-tree-dirname.sh
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ test_expect_success \
      tree=`git write-tree` &&
      echo $tree'
 
-_x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
-_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
+_x05='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
+_x40="$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05$_x05"
 test_output () {
     sed -e "s/ $_x40	/ X	/" <current >check
     test_cmp expected check
@@ -135,4 +135,95 @@ test_expect_success \
 EOF
      test_output'
 
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree filter is leading path match' '
+	git ls-tree $tree pa path3/a >current &&
+	>expected &&
+	test_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree --full-name' '
+	(
+		cd path0 &&
+		git ls-tree --full-name $tree a
+	) >current &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+040000 tree X	path0/a
+EOF
+	test_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree --full-tree' '
+	(
+		cd path1/b/c &&
+		git ls-tree --full-tree $tree
+	) >current &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+100644 blob X	1.txt
+100644 blob X	2.txt
+040000 tree X	path0
+040000 tree X	path1
+040000 tree X	path2
+040000 tree X	path3
+EOF
+	test_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree --full-tree -r' '
+	(
+		cd path3/ &&
+		git ls-tree --full-tree -r $tree
+	) >current &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+100644 blob X	1.txt
+100644 blob X	2.txt
+100644 blob X	path0/a/b/c/1.txt
+100644 blob X	path1/b/c/1.txt
+100644 blob X	path2/1.txt
+100644 blob X	path3/1.txt
+100644 blob X	path3/2.txt
+EOF
+	test_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree --abbrev=5' '
+	git ls-tree --abbrev=5 $tree >current &&
+	sed -e "s/ $_x05[0-9a-f]*	/ X	/" <current >check &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+100644 blob X	1.txt
+100644 blob X	2.txt
+040000 tree X	path0
+040000 tree X	path1
+040000 tree X	path2
+040000 tree X	path3
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected check
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree --name-only' '
+	git ls-tree --name-only $tree >current
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+1.txt
+2.txt
+path0
+path1
+path2
+path3
+EOF
+	test_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree --name-only -r' '
+	git ls-tree --name-only -r $tree >current
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+1.txt
+2.txt
+path0/a/b/c/1.txt
+path1/b/c/1.txt
+path2/1.txt
+path3/1.txt
+path3/2.txt
+EOF
+	test_output
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3200-branch.sh b/t/t3200-branch.sh
index 25e9971fd..d59a9b4ae 100755
--- a/t/t3200-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t3200-branch.sh
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ test_expect_success 'renaming a symref is not allowed' \
 	! test -f .git/refs/heads/master3
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'git branch -m u v should fail when the reflog for u is a symlink' '
      git branch -l u &&
      mv .git/logs/refs/heads/u real-u &&
@@ -194,7 +194,8 @@ test_expect_success 'test deleting branch deletes branch config' \
 
 test_expect_success 'test deleting branch without config' \
     'git branch my7 s &&
-     test "$(git branch -d my7 2>&1)" = "Deleted branch my7."'
+     sha1=$(git rev-parse my7 | cut -c 1-7) &&
+     test "$(git branch -d my7 2>&1)" = "Deleted branch my7 (was $sha1)."'
 
 test_expect_success 'test --track without .fetch entries' \
     'git branch --track my8 &&
diff --git a/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh b/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
index 7fe4a6ecb..0a5d5e669 100755
--- a/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
+++ b/t/t3202-show-branch-octopus.sh
@@ -56,4 +56,12 @@ test_expect_success 'show-branch with more than 8 branches' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'show-branch with showbranch.default' '
+	for i in $numbers; do
+		git config --add showbranch.default branch$i
+	done &&
+	git show-branch >out &&
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3203-branch-output.sh b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..809d1c4ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3203-branch-output.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git branch display tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'make commits' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make branches' '
+	git branch branch-one
+	git branch branch-two HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'make remote branches' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-one branch-one
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/branch-two branch-two
+	git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD refs/remotes/origin/branch-one
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+* master
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows local branches' '
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+  origin/HEAD -> origin/branch-one
+  origin/branch-one
+  origin/branch-two
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch -r shows remote branches' '
+	git branch -r >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+* master
+  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/branch-one
+  remotes/origin/branch-one
+  remotes/origin/branch-two
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch -a shows local and remote branches' '
+	git branch -a >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+two
+one
+two
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch -v shows branch summaries' '
+	git branch -v >tmp &&
+	awk "{print \$NF}" <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+* (no branch)
+  branch-one
+  branch-two
+  master
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git branch shows detached HEAD properly' '
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	git branch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3301-notes.sh b/t/t3301-notes.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5d9604b81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3301-notes.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Test commit notes'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat > fake_editor.sh << \EOF
+echo "$MSG" > "$1"
+echo "$MSG" >& 2
+EOF
+chmod a+x fake_editor.sh
+VISUAL=./fake_editor.sh
+export VISUAL
+
+test_expect_success 'cannot annotate non-existing HEAD' '
+	(MSG=3 && export MSG && test_must_fail git notes edit)
+'
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	: > a1 &&
+	git add a1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m 1st &&
+	: > a2 &&
+	git add a2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m 2nd
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'need valid notes ref' '
+	(MSG=1 GIT_NOTES_REF=/ && export MSG GIT_NOTES_REF &&
+	 test_must_fail git notes edit) &&
+	(MSG=2 GIT_NOTES_REF=/ && export MSG GIT_NOTES_REF &&
+	 test_must_fail git notes show)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refusing to edit in refs/heads/' '
+	(MSG=1 GIT_NOTES_REF=refs/heads/bogus &&
+	 export MSG GIT_NOTES_REF &&
+	 test_must_fail git notes edit)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refusing to edit in refs/remotes/' '
+	(MSG=1 GIT_NOTES_REF=refs/remotes/bogus &&
+	 export MSG GIT_NOTES_REF &&
+	 test_must_fail git notes edit)
+'
+
+# 1 indicates caught gracefully by die, 128 means git-show barked
+test_expect_success 'handle empty notes gracefully' '
+	git notes show ; test 1 = $?
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create notes' '
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/commits &&
+	MSG=b1 git notes edit &&
+	test ! -f .git/new-notes &&
+	test 1 = $(git ls-tree refs/notes/commits | wc -l) &&
+	test b1 = $(git notes show) &&
+	git show HEAD^ &&
+	test_must_fail git notes show HEAD^
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+commit 268048bfb8a1fb38e703baceb8ab235421bf80c5
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Thu Apr 7 15:14:13 2005 -0700
+
+    2nd
+
+Notes:
+    b1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'show notes' '
+	! (git cat-file commit HEAD | grep b1) &&
+	git log -1 > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+test_expect_success 'create multi-line notes (setup)' '
+	: > a3 &&
+	git add a3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m 3rd &&
+	MSG="b3
+c3c3c3c3
+d3d3d3" git notes edit
+'
+
+cat > expect-multiline << EOF
+commit 1584215f1d29c65e99c6c6848626553fdd07fd75
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Thu Apr 7 15:15:13 2005 -0700
+
+    3rd
+
+Notes:
+    b3
+    c3c3c3c3
+    d3d3d3
+EOF
+
+printf "\n" >> expect-multiline
+cat expect >> expect-multiline
+
+test_expect_success 'show multi-line notes' '
+	git log -2 > output &&
+	test_cmp expect-multiline output
+'
+test_expect_success 'create -m and -F notes (setup)' '
+	: > a4 &&
+	git add a4 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m 4th &&
+	echo "xyzzy" > note5 &&
+	git notes edit -m spam -F note5 -m "foo
+bar
+baz"
+'
+
+whitespace="    "
+cat > expect-m-and-F << EOF
+commit 15023535574ded8b1a89052b32673f84cf9582b8
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Thu Apr 7 15:16:13 2005 -0700
+
+    4th
+
+Notes:
+    spam
+$whitespace
+    xyzzy
+$whitespace
+    foo
+    bar
+    baz
+EOF
+
+printf "\n" >> expect-m-and-F
+cat expect-multiline >> expect-m-and-F
+
+test_expect_success 'show -m and -F notes' '
+	git log -3 > output &&
+	test_cmp expect-m-and-F output
+'
+
+cat >expect << EOF
+commit 15023535574ded8b1a89052b32673f84cf9582b8
+tree e070e3af51011e47b183c33adf9736736a525709
+parent 1584215f1d29c65e99c6c6848626553fdd07fd75
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1112912173 -0700
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912173 -0700
+
+    4th
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git log --pretty=raw does not show notes' '
+	git log -1 --pretty=raw >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+cat >>expect <<EOF
+
+Notes:
+    spam
+$whitespace
+    xyzzy
+$whitespace
+    foo
+    bar
+    baz
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git log --show-notes' '
+	git log -1 --pretty=raw --show-notes >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git log --no-notes' '
+	git log -1 --no-notes >output &&
+	! grep spam output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git format-patch does not show notes' '
+	git format-patch -1 --stdout >output &&
+	! grep spam output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git format-patch --show-notes does show notes' '
+	git format-patch --show-notes -1 --stdout >output &&
+	grep spam output
+'
+
+for pretty in \
+	"" --pretty --pretty=raw --pretty=short --pretty=medium \
+	--pretty=full --pretty=fuller --pretty=format:%s --oneline
+do
+	case "$pretty" in
+	"") p= not= negate="" ;;
+	?*) p="$pretty" not=" not" negate="!" ;;
+	esac
+	test_expect_success "git show $pretty does$not show notes" '
+		git show $p >output &&
+		eval "$negate grep spam output"
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3302-notes-index-expensive.sh b/t/t3302-notes-index-expensive.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ee84fc488
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3302-notes-index-expensive.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='Test commit notes index (expensive!)'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test -z "$GIT_NOTES_TIMING_TESTS" && {
+	say Skipping timing tests
+	test_done
+	exit
+}
+
+create_repo () {
+	number_of_commits=$1
+	nr=0
+	test -d .git || {
+	git init &&
+	(
+		while [ $nr -lt $number_of_commits ]; do
+			nr=$(($nr+1))
+			mark=$(($nr+$nr))
+			notemark=$(($mark+1))
+			test_tick &&
+			cat <<INPUT_END &&
+commit refs/heads/master
+mark :$mark
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+commit #$nr
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 inline file
+data <<EOF
+file in commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+blob
+mark :$notemark
+data <<EOF
+note for commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+
+			echo "N :$notemark :$mark" >> note_commit
+		done &&
+		test_tick &&
+		cat <<INPUT_END &&
+commit refs/notes/commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+notes
+COMMIT
+
+INPUT_END
+
+		cat note_commit
+	) |
+	git fast-import --quiet &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/commits
+	}
+}
+
+test_notes () {
+	count=$1 &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/commits &&
+	git log | grep "^    " > output &&
+	i=$count &&
+	while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+		echo "    commit #$i" &&
+		echo "    note for commit #$i" &&
+		i=$(($i-1));
+	done > expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+}
+
+cat > time_notes << \EOF
+	mode=$1
+	i=1
+	while [ $i -lt $2 ]; do
+		case $1 in
+		no-notes)
+			GIT_NOTES_REF=non-existing; export GIT_NOTES_REF
+		;;
+		notes)
+			unset GIT_NOTES_REF
+		;;
+		esac
+		git log >/dev/null
+		i=$(($i+1))
+	done
+EOF
+
+time_notes () {
+	for mode in no-notes notes
+	do
+		echo $mode
+		/usr/bin/time sh ../time_notes $mode $1
+	done
+}
+
+for count in 10 100 1000 10000; do
+
+	mkdir $count
+	(cd $count;
+
+	test_expect_success "setup $count" "create_repo $count"
+
+	test_expect_success 'notes work' "test_notes $count"
+
+	test_expect_success 'notes timing' "time_notes 100"
+	)
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3303-notes-subtrees.sh b/t/t3303-notes-subtrees.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..edc4bc884
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3303-notes-subtrees.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test commit notes organized in subtrees'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+number_of_commits=100
+
+start_note_commit () {
+	test_tick &&
+	cat <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/notes/commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+notes
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/notes/commits^0
+deleteall
+INPUT_END
+
+}
+
+verify_notes () {
+	git log | grep "^    " > output &&
+	i=$number_of_commits &&
+	while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+		echo "    commit #$i" &&
+		echo "    note for commit #$i" &&
+		i=$(($i-1));
+	done > expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+}
+
+test_expect_success "setup: create $number_of_commits commits" '
+
+	(
+		nr=0 &&
+		while [ $nr -lt $number_of_commits ]; do
+			nr=$(($nr+1)) &&
+			test_tick &&
+			cat <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/master
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+commit #$nr
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 inline file
+data <<EOF
+file in commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+
+		done &&
+		test_tick &&
+		cat <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/notes/commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+no notes
+COMMIT
+
+deleteall
+
+INPUT_END
+
+	) |
+	git fast-import --quiet &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/commits
+'
+
+test_sha1_based () {
+	(
+		start_note_commit &&
+		nr=$number_of_commits &&
+		git rev-list refs/heads/master |
+		while read sha1; do
+			note_path=$(echo "$sha1" | sed "$1")
+			cat <<INPUT_END &&
+M 100644 inline $note_path
+data <<EOF
+note for commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+
+			nr=$(($nr-1))
+		done
+	) |
+	git fast-import --quiet
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'test notes in 2/38-fanout' 'test_sha1_based "s|^..|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify notes in 2/38-fanout' 'verify_notes'
+
+test_expect_success 'test notes in 4/36-fanout' 'test_sha1_based "s|^....|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify notes in 4/36-fanout' 'verify_notes'
+
+test_expect_success 'test notes in 2/2/36-fanout' 'test_sha1_based "s|^\(..\)\(..\)|\1/\2/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify notes in 2/2/36-fanout' 'verify_notes'
+
+test_same_notes () {
+	(
+		start_note_commit &&
+		nr=$number_of_commits &&
+		git rev-list refs/heads/master |
+		while read sha1; do
+			first_note_path=$(echo "$sha1" | sed "$1")
+			second_note_path=$(echo "$sha1" | sed "$2")
+			cat <<INPUT_END &&
+M 100644 inline $second_note_path
+data <<EOF
+note for commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+M 100644 inline $first_note_path
+data <<EOF
+note for commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+
+			nr=$(($nr-1))
+		done
+	) |
+	git fast-import --quiet
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'test same notes in 4/36-fanout and 2/38-fanout' 'test_same_notes "s|^..|&/|" "s|^....|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify same notes in 4/36-fanout and 2/38-fanout' 'verify_notes'
+
+test_expect_success 'test same notes in 2/38-fanout and 2/2/36-fanout' 'test_same_notes "s|^\(..\)\(..\)|\1/\2/|" "s|^..|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify same notes in 2/38-fanout and 2/2/36-fanout' 'verify_notes'
+
+test_expect_success 'test same notes in 4/36-fanout and 2/2/36-fanout' 'test_same_notes "s|^\(..\)\(..\)|\1/\2/|" "s|^....|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify same notes in 4/36-fanout and 2/2/36-fanout' 'verify_notes'
+
+test_concatenated_notes () {
+	(
+		start_note_commit &&
+		nr=$number_of_commits &&
+		git rev-list refs/heads/master |
+		while read sha1; do
+			first_note_path=$(echo "$sha1" | sed "$1")
+			second_note_path=$(echo "$sha1" | sed "$2")
+			cat <<INPUT_END &&
+M 100644 inline $second_note_path
+data <<EOF
+second note for commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+M 100644 inline $first_note_path
+data <<EOF
+first note for commit #$nr
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+
+			nr=$(($nr-1))
+		done
+	) |
+	git fast-import --quiet
+}
+
+verify_concatenated_notes () {
+    git log | grep "^    " > output &&
+    i=$number_of_commits &&
+    while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+        echo "    commit #$i" &&
+        echo "    first note for commit #$i" &&
+        echo "    second note for commit #$i" &&
+        i=$(($i-1));
+    done > expect &&
+    test_cmp expect output
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'test notes in 4/36-fanout concatenated with 2/38-fanout' 'test_concatenated_notes "s|^..|&/|" "s|^....|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify notes in 4/36-fanout concatenated with 2/38-fanout' 'verify_concatenated_notes'
+
+test_expect_success 'test notes in 2/38-fanout concatenated with 2/2/36-fanout' 'test_concatenated_notes "s|^\(..\)\(..\)|\1/\2/|" "s|^..|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify notes in 2/38-fanout concatenated with 2/2/36-fanout' 'verify_concatenated_notes'
+
+test_expect_success 'test notes in 4/36-fanout concatenated with 2/2/36-fanout' 'test_concatenated_notes "s|^\(..\)\(..\)|\1/\2/|" "s|^....|&/|"'
+test_expect_success 'verify notes in 4/36-fanout concatenated with 2/2/36-fanout' 'verify_concatenated_notes'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3304-notes-mixed.sh b/t/t3304-notes-mixed.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..256687ffb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3304-notes-mixed.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test notes trees that also contain non-notes'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+number_of_commits=100
+
+start_note_commit () {
+	test_tick &&
+	cat <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/notes/commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+notes
+COMMIT
+
+from refs/notes/commits^0
+deleteall
+INPUT_END
+
+}
+
+verify_notes () {
+	git log | grep "^    " > output &&
+	i=$number_of_commits &&
+	while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+		echo "    commit #$i" &&
+		echo "    note for commit #$i" &&
+		i=$(($i-1));
+	done > expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+}
+
+test_expect_success "setup: create a couple of commits" '
+
+	test_tick &&
+	cat <<INPUT_END >input &&
+commit refs/heads/master
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+commit #1
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 inline file
+data <<EOF
+file in commit #1
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+
+	test_tick &&
+	cat <<INPUT_END >>input &&
+commit refs/heads/master
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+commit #2
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 inline file
+data <<EOF
+file in commit #2
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+	git fast-import --quiet <input
+'
+
+test_expect_success "create a notes tree with both notes and non-notes" '
+
+	commit1=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master^) &&
+	commit2=$(git rev-parse refs/heads/master) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	cat <<INPUT_END >input &&
+commit refs/notes/commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+notes commit #1
+COMMIT
+
+N inline $commit1
+data <<EOF
+note for commit #1
+EOF
+
+N inline $commit2
+data <<EOF
+note for commit #2
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+	test_tick &&
+	cat <<INPUT_END >>input &&
+commit refs/notes/commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+notes commit #2
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 inline foobar/non-note.txt
+data <<EOF
+A non-note in a notes tree
+EOF
+
+N inline $commit2
+data <<EOF
+edited note for commit #2
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+	test_tick &&
+	cat <<INPUT_END >>input &&
+commit refs/notes/commits
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+notes commit #3
+COMMIT
+
+N inline $commit1
+data <<EOF
+edited note for commit #1
+EOF
+
+M 644 inline deadbeef
+data <<EOF
+non-note with SHA1-like name
+EOF
+
+M 644 inline de/adbeef
+data <<EOF
+another non-note with SHA1-like name
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+	git fast-import --quiet <input &&
+	git config core.notesRef refs/notes/commits
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EXPECT_END
+    commit #2
+    edited note for commit #2
+    commit #1
+    edited note for commit #1
+EXPECT_END
+
+test_expect_success "verify contents of notes" '
+
+	git log | grep "^    " > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect_nn1 <<EXPECT_END
+A non-note in a notes tree
+EXPECT_END
+cat >expect_nn2 <<EXPECT_END
+non-note with SHA1-like name
+EXPECT_END
+cat >expect_nn3 <<EXPECT_END
+another non-note with SHA1-like name
+EXPECT_END
+
+test_expect_success "verify contents of non-notes" '
+
+	git cat-file -p refs/notes/commits:foobar/non-note.txt > actual_nn1 &&
+	test_cmp expect_nn1 actual_nn1 &&
+	git cat-file -p refs/notes/commits:deadbeef > actual_nn2 &&
+	test_cmp expect_nn2 actual_nn2 &&
+	git cat-file -p refs/notes/commits:de/adbeef > actual_nn3 &&
+	test_cmp expect_nn3 actual_nn3
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3400-rebase.sh b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
index b7a670ef4..4e6a44b62 100755
--- a/t/t3400-rebase.sh
+++ b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Amos Waterland
 #
 
-test_description='git rebase should not destroy author information
+test_description='git rebase assorted tests
 
-This test runs git rebase and checks that the author information is not lost.
+This test runs git rebase and checks that the author information is not lost
+among other things.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -14,7 +15,8 @@ export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare repository with topic branches' \
-    'echo First > A &&
+    'git config core.logAllRefUpdates true &&
+     echo First > A &&
      git update-index --add A &&
      git commit -m "Add A." &&
      git checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
@@ -40,13 +42,48 @@ test_expect_success \
      git tag topic
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase on dirty worktree' '
+     echo dirty >> A &&
+     test_must_fail git rebase master'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase on dirty cache' '
+     git add A &&
+     test_must_fail git rebase master'
+
 test_expect_success 'rebase against master' '
+     git reset --hard HEAD &&
      git rebase master'
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice' '
+     git rebase master >out &&
+     grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice with --force' '
+     git rebase --force-rebase master >out &&
+     grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date, rebase forced" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice from another branch' '
+     git checkout my-topic-branch^ &&
+     git rebase master my-topic-branch >out &&
+     grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase fast-forward to master' '
+     git checkout my-topic-branch^ &&
+     git rebase my-topic-branch >out &&
+     grep "Fast-forwarded HEAD to my-topic-branch" out
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'the rebase operation should not have destroyed author information' \
     '! (git log | grep "Author:" | grep "<>")'
 
+test_expect_success 'HEAD was detached during rebase' '
+     test $(git rev-parse HEAD@{1}) != $(git rev-parse my-topic-branch@{1})
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rebase after merge master' '
      git reset --hard topic &&
      git merge master &&
@@ -78,10 +115,44 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase a single mode change' '
      git checkout -b modechange HEAD^ &&
      echo 1 > X &&
      git add X &&
-     chmod a+x A &&
+     test_chmod +x A &&
      test_tick &&
-     git commit -m modechange A X &&
+     git commit -m modechange &&
      GIT_TRACE=1 git rebase master
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Show verbose error when HEAD could not be detached' '
+     : > B &&
+     test_must_fail git rebase topic 2> output.err > output.out &&
+     grep "Untracked working tree file .B. would be overwritten" output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -q is quiet' '
+     rm B &&
+     git checkout -b quiet topic &&
+     git rebase -q master > output.out 2>&1 &&
+     test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+q_to_cr () {
+	tr Q '\015'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'Rebase a commit that sprinkles CRs in' '
+	(
+		echo "One"
+		echo "TwoQ"
+		echo "Three"
+		echo "FQur"
+		echo "Five"
+	) | q_to_cr >CR &&
+	git add CR &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "A file with a line with CR" &&
+	git tag file-with-cr &&
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	git rebase --onto HEAD^^ HEAD^ &&
+	git diff --exit-code file-with-cr:CR HEAD:CR
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index 7d10a27f1..3a37793c0 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ that the result still makes sense.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+set_fake_editor
+
 # set up two branches like this:
 #
 # A - B - C - D - E
@@ -61,39 +65,6 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git tag I
 '
 
-echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-editor.sh
-cat >> fake-editor.sh <<\EOF
-case "$1" in
-*/COMMIT_EDITMSG)
-	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" > "$1"
-	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" >> "$1"
-	exit
-	;;
-esac
-test -z "$EXPECT_COUNT" ||
-	test "$EXPECT_COUNT" = $(sed -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' < "$1" | wc -l) ||
-	exit
-test -z "$FAKE_LINES" && exit
-grep -v '^#' < "$1" > "$1".tmp
-rm -f "$1"
-cat "$1".tmp
-action=pick
-for line in $FAKE_LINES; do
-	case $line in
-	squash|edit)
-		action="$line";;
-	*)
-		echo sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p"
-		sed -n "${line}p" < "$1".tmp
-		sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p" < "$1".tmp >> "$1"
-		action=pick;;
-	esac
-done
-EOF
-
-test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor.sh"
-chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
-
 test_expect_success 'no changes are a nop' '
 	git rebase -i F &&
 	test "$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)" = "refs/heads/branch2" &&
@@ -148,11 +119,11 @@ index e69de29..00750ed 100644
 EOF
 
 cat > expect2 << EOF
-<<<<<<< HEAD:file1
+<<<<<<< HEAD
 2
 =======
 3
->>>>>>> b7ca976... G:file1
+>>>>>>> b7ca976... G
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'stop on conflicting pick' '
@@ -373,6 +344,38 @@ test_expect_success '--continue tries to commit, even for "edit"' '
 	test $parent = $(git rev-parse HEAD^)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'aborted --continue does not squash commits after "edit"' '
+	old=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	echo "edited again" > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	(
+		FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE=" " &&
+		export FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue
+	) &&
+	test $old = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git rebase --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'auto-amend only edited commits after "edit"' '
+	test_tick &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1" git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	echo "edited again" > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="edited file7 again" git commit &&
+	echo "and again" > file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="and again" &&
+		export FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase --continue
+	) &&
+	git rebase --abort
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rebase a detached HEAD' '
 	grandparent=$(git rev-parse HEAD~2) &&
 	git checkout $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
@@ -430,4 +433,55 @@ test_expect_success 'do "noop" when there is nothing to cherry-pick' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule rebase setup' '
+	git checkout A &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub && git init && >elif &&
+		git add elif && git commit -m "submodule initial"
+	) &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add file1 sub
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "One" &&
+	echo 2 >file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "Two" &&
+	(
+		cd sub && echo 3 >elif &&
+		git commit -a -m "submodule second"
+	) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "Three changes submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule rebase -i' '
+	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2 3" git rebase -i A
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary reset' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test-chmtime =123456789 file3 &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~4 &&
+	test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	MTIME=$(test-chmtime -v +0 file3 | sed 's/[^0-9].*$//') &&
+	test 123456789 = $MTIME
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reword' '
+	git checkout -b reword-branch master &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 3 reword 4" FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="E changed" git rebase -i A &&
+	git show HEAD | grep "E changed" &&
+	test $(git rev-parse master) != $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse master^) = $(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 reword 3 4" FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="D changed" git rebase -i A &&
+	git show HEAD^ | grep "D changed" &&
+	FAKE_LINES="reword 1 2 3 4" FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="B changed" git rebase -i A &&
+	git show HEAD~3 | grep "B changed" &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 reword 2 3 4" FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE="C changed" git rebase -i A &&
+	git show HEAD~2 | grep "C changed"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
index 539108094..85fc7c4af 100755
--- a/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
+++ b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git checkout topic &&
 	quick_one A &&
 	quick_one B &&
-	quick_one Z
+	quick_one Z &&
+	git tag start
 
 '
 
@@ -41,4 +42,24 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase -m' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase --stat' '
+        git reset --hard start
+        git rebase --stat master >diffstat.txt &&
+        grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase w/config rebase.stat' '
+        git reset --hard start
+        git config rebase.stat true &&
+        git rebase master >diffstat.txt &&
+        grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -n overrides config rebase.stat config' '
+        git reset --hard start
+        git config rebase.stat true &&
+        git rebase -n master >diffstat.txt &&
+        ! grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh b/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
index 8cde40f8e..8f785e795 100755
--- a/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
+++ b/t/t3409-rebase-preserve-merges.sh
@@ -11,38 +11,53 @@ Run "git rebase -p" and check that merges are properly carried along
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=bogus_email_address
 export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
 
-#echo 'Setting up:
+# Clone 1 (trivial merge):
 #
-#A1--A2  <-- origin/master
-# \   \
-#  B1--M  <-- topic
-#   \
-#    B2  <-- origin/topic
+# A1--A2  <-- origin/master
+#  \   \
+#   B1--M  <-- topic
+#    \
+#     B2  <-- origin/topic
 #
-#'
+# Clone 2 (conflicting merge):
+#
+# A1--A2--B3   <-- origin/master
+#  \       \
+#   B1------M  <-- topic
+#    \
+#     B2       <-- origin/topic
+#
+# In both cases, 'topic' is rebased onto 'origin/topic'.
 
 test_expect_success 'setup for merge-preserving rebase' \
 	'echo First > A &&
 	git add A &&
-	git-commit -m "Add A1" &&
+	git commit -m "Add A1" &&
 	git checkout -b topic &&
 	echo Second > B &&
 	git add B &&
-	git-commit -m "Add B1" &&
+	git commit -m "Add B1" &&
 	git checkout -f master &&
 	echo Third >> A &&
-	git-commit -a -m "Modify A2" &&
+	git commit -a -m "Modify A2" &&
 
 	git clone ./. clone1 &&
 	cd clone1 &&
 	git checkout -b topic origin/topic &&
 	git merge origin/master &&
-	cd ..
+	cd .. &&
+
+	echo Fifth > B &&
+	git add B &&
+	git commit -m "Add different B" &&
 
-	git clone ./. clone2
+	git clone ./. clone2 &&
 	cd clone2 &&
 	git checkout -b topic origin/topic &&
-	git merge origin/master &&
+	test_must_fail git merge origin/master &&
+	echo Resolved > B &&
+	git add B &&
+	git commit -m "Merge origin/master into topic" &&
 	cd .. &&
 
 	git checkout topic &&
@@ -51,11 +66,30 @@ test_expect_success 'setup for merge-preserving rebase' \
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -p fakes interactive rebase' '
-	cd clone2 &&
+	(
+	cd clone1 &&
 	git fetch &&
 	git rebase -p origin/topic &&
 	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Modify A" | wc -l) &&
-	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge commit" | wc -l)
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge remote branch " | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue works after a conflict' '
+	(
+	cd clone2 &&
+	git fetch &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -p origin/topic &&
+	test 2 = $(git ls-files B | wc -l) &&
+	echo Resolved again > B &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --continue &&
+	grep "^@@@ " .git/rebase-merge/patch &&
+	git add B &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Modify A" | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Add different" | wc -l) &&
+	test 1 = $(git rev-list --all --pretty=oneline | grep "Merge origin" | wc -l)
+	)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh b/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
index 5816415aa..c49143a1a 100755
--- a/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
+++ b/t/t3410-rebase-preserve-dropped-merges.sh
@@ -22,47 +22,17 @@ rewritten.
 # where B, D and G touch the same file.
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	: > file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m A &&
-	git tag A &&
-	echo 1 > file1 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m B file1 &&
-	: > file2 &&
-	git add file2 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m C &&
-	echo 2 > file1 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m D file1 &&
-	: > file3 &&
-	git add file3 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m E &&
-	git tag E &&
-	git checkout -b branch1 A &&
-	: > file4 &&
-	git add file4 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m F &&
-	git tag F &&
-	echo 3 > file1 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m G file1 &&
-	git tag G &&
-	: > file5 &&
-	git add file5 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m H &&
-	git tag H &&
-	git checkout -b branch2 F &&
-	: > file6 &&
-	git add file6 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m I &&
-	git tag I
+	test_commit A file1 &&
+	test_commit B file1 1 &&
+	test_commit C file2 &&
+	test_commit D file1 2 &&
+	test_commit E file3 &&
+	git checkout A &&
+	test_commit F file4 &&
+	test_commit G file1 3 &&
+	test_commit H file5 &&
+	git checkout F &&
+	test_commit I file6
 '
 
 # A - B - C - D - E
@@ -72,68 +42,44 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 #         I -- G2 -- J -- K           I -- K
 # G2 = same changes as G
 test_expect_success 'skip same-resolution merges with -p' '
-	git checkout branch1 &&
+	git checkout H &&
 	! git merge E &&
-	echo 23 > file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
-	git commit -m L &&
-	git checkout branch2 &&
-	echo 3 > file1 &&
-	git commit -a -m G2 &&
+	test_commit L file1 23 &&
+	git checkout I &&
+	test_commit G2 file1 3 &&
 	! git merge E &&
-	echo 23 > file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
-	git commit -m J &&
-	echo file7 > file7 &&
-	git add file7 &&
-	git commit -m K &&
-	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i -p branch1 &&
-	test $(git rev-parse branch2^^) = $(git rev-parse branch1) &&
+	test_commit J file1 23 &&
+	test_commit K file7 file7 &&
+	git rebase -i -p L &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^) = $(git rev-parse L) &&
 	test "23" = "$(cat file1)" &&
-	test "" = "$(cat file6)" &&
-	test "file7" = "$(cat file7)" &&
-
-	git checkout branch1 &&
-	git reset --hard H &&
-	git checkout branch2 &&
-	git reset --hard I
+	test "I" = "$(cat file6)" &&
+	test "file7" = "$(cat file7)"
 '
 
 # A - B - C - D - E
 #   \             \ \
-#     F - G - H -- L \        -->   L
-#       \            |               \
-#         I -- G2 -- J -- K           I -- G2 -- K
+#     F - G - H -- L2 \        -->   L2
+#       \             |                \
+#         I -- G3 --- J2 -- K2           I -- G3 -- K2
 # G2 = different changes as G
 test_expect_success 'keep different-resolution merges with -p' '
-	git checkout branch1 &&
+	git checkout H &&
 	! git merge E &&
-	echo 23 > file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
-	git commit -m L &&
-	git checkout branch2 &&
-	echo 4 > file1 &&
-	git commit -a -m G2 &&
+	test_commit L2 file1 23 &&
+	git checkout I &&
+	test_commit G3 file1 4 &&
 	! git merge E &&
-	echo 24 > file1 &&
-	git add file1 &&
-	git commit -m J &&
-	echo file7 > file7 &&
-	git add file7 &&
-	git commit -m K &&
-	! GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i -p branch1 &&
+	test_commit J2 file1 24 &&
+	test_commit K2 file7 file7 &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i -p L2 &&
 	echo 234 > file1 &&
 	git add file1 &&
-	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase --continue &&
-	test $(git rev-parse branch2^^^) = $(git rev-parse branch1) &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^^^) = $(git rev-parse L2) &&
 	test "234" = "$(cat file1)" &&
-	test "" = "$(cat file6)" &&
-	test "file7" = "$(cat file7)" &&
-
-	git checkout branch1 &&
-	git reset --hard H &&
-	git checkout branch2 &&
-	git reset --hard I
+	test "I" = "$(cat file6)" &&
+	test "file7" = "$(cat file7)"
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh b/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
index aacfaae84..14a23cd87 100644..100755
--- a/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
+++ b/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
@@ -5,44 +5,14 @@
 
 test_description='git rebase preserve merges
 
-This test runs git rebase with and tries to squash a commit from after a merge
-to before the merge.
+This test runs git rebase with -p and tries to squash a commit from after
+a merge to before the merge.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-# Copy/paste from t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
-echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-editor.sh
-cat >> fake-editor.sh <<\EOF
-case "$1" in
-*/COMMIT_EDITMSG)
-	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_MESSAGE" > "$1"
-	test -z "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" || echo "$FAKE_COMMIT_AMEND" >> "$1"
-	exit
-	;;
-esac
-test -z "$EXPECT_COUNT" ||
-	test "$EXPECT_COUNT" = $(sed -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' < "$1" | wc -l) ||
-	exit
-test -z "$FAKE_LINES" && exit
-grep -v '^#' < "$1" > "$1".tmp
-rm -f "$1"
-cat "$1".tmp
-action=pick
-for line in $FAKE_LINES; do
-	case $line in
-	squash|edit)
-		action="$line";;
-	*)
-		echo sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p"
-		sed -n "${line}p" < "$1".tmp
-		sed -n "${line}s/^pick/$action/p" < "$1".tmp >> "$1"
-		action=pick;;
-	esac
-done
-EOF
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
 
-test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor.sh"
-chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
+set_fake_editor
 
 # set up two branches like this:
 #
@@ -51,27 +21,13 @@ chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
 #        -- C1 --
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	touch a &&
-	touch b &&
-	git add a &&
-	git commit -m A1 &&
-	git tag A1
-	git add b &&
-	git commit -m B1 &&
-	git tag B1 &&
-	git checkout -b branch &&
-	touch c &&
-	git add c &&
-	git commit -m C1 &&
-	git checkout master &&
-	touch d &&
-	git add d &&
-	git commit -m D1 &&
-	git merge branch &&
-	touch f &&
-	git add f &&
-	git commit -m F1 &&
-	git tag F1
+	test_commit A1 &&
+	test_commit B1 &&
+	test_commit C1 &&
+	git reset --hard B1 &&
+	test_commit D1 &&
+	test_merge E1 C1 &&
+	test_commit F1
 '
 
 # Should result in:
@@ -82,7 +38,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 #
 test_expect_success 'squash F1 into D1' '
 	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 3 2" git rebase -i -p B1 &&
-	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse branch)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse C1)" &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD~2)" = "$(git rev-parse B1)" &&
 	git tag E2
 '
@@ -100,32 +56,15 @@ test_expect_success 'squash F1 into D1' '
 # And rebase G1..M1 onto E2
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase two levels of merge' '
-	git checkout -b branch2 A1 &&
-	touch g &&
-	git add g &&
-	git commit -m G1 &&
-	git checkout -b branch3 &&
-	touch h
-	git add h &&
-	git commit -m H1 &&
-	git checkout -b branch4 &&
-	touch i &&
-	git add i &&
-	git commit -m I1 &&
-	git tag I1 &&
-	git checkout branch3 &&
-	touch j &&
-	git add j &&
-	git commit -m J1 &&
-	git merge I1 --no-commit &&
-	git commit -m K1 &&
-	git tag K1 &&
-	git checkout branch2 &&
-	touch l &&
-	git add l &&
-	git commit -m L1 &&
-	git merge K1 --no-commit &&
-	git commit -m M1 &&
+	test_commit G1 &&
+	test_commit H1 &&
+	test_commit I1 &&
+	git checkout -b branch3 H1 &&
+	test_commit J1 &&
+	test_merge K1 I1 &&
+	git checkout -b branch2 G1 &&
+	test_commit L1 &&
+	test_merge M1 K1 &&
 	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i -p E2 &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD~3)" = "$(git rev-parse E2)" &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD~2)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2^2~2)" &&
diff --git a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5869061c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git rebase --root
+
+Tests if git rebase --root --onto <newparent> can rebase the root commit.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+log_with_names () {
+	git rev-list --topo-order --parents --pretty="tformat:%s" HEAD |
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs=refs/heads/$1
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare repository' '
+	test_commit 1 A &&
+	test_commit 2 A &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/other &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+	test_commit 3 B &&
+	test_commit 1b A 1 &&
+	test_commit 4 B
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root expects --onto' '
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup pre-rebase hook' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	cat >.git/hooks/pre-rebase <<EOF &&
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+echo "\$1,\$2" >.git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT
+EOF
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+cat > expect <<EOF
+4
+3
+2
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root --onto <newbase>' '
+	git checkout -b work &&
+	git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (1)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root --onto <newbase> <branch>' '
+	git branch work2 other &&
+	git rebase --root --onto master work2 &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased2 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (2)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,work2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root --onto <newbase>' '
+	git checkout -b work3 other &&
+	git rebase -i --root --onto master &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased3 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (3)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root --onto <newbase> <branch>' '
+	git branch work4 other &&
+	git rebase -i --root --onto master work4 &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased4 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (4)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,work4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with linear history' '
+	git checkout -b work5 other &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased5 &&
+	test_cmp expect rebased5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (5)' '
+	test "z$(cat .git/PRE-REBASE-INPUT)" = z--root,
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up merge history' '
+	git checkout other^ &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	test_commit 5 C &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git merge side
+'
+
+cat > expect-side <<'EOF'
+commit work6 work6~1 work6^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit work6^2 work6~2
+5
+commit work6~1 work6~2
+4
+commit work6~2 work6~3
+3
+commit work6~3 work6~4
+2
+commit work6~4
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with merge' '
+	git checkout -b work6 other &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	log_with_names work6 > rebased6 &&
+	test_cmp expect-side rebased6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up second root and merge' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/third &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+	rm A B C &&
+	test_commit 6 D &&
+	git checkout other &&
+	git merge third
+'
+
+cat > expect-third <<'EOF'
+commit work7 work7~1 work7^2
+Merge branch 'third' into other
+commit work7^2 work7~4
+6
+commit work7~1 work7~2 work7~1^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit work7~1^2 work7~3
+5
+commit work7~2 work7~3
+4
+commit work7~3 work7~4
+3
+commit work7~4 work7~5
+2
+commit work7~5
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with two roots' '
+	git checkout -b work7 other &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	log_with_names work7 > rebased7 &&
+	test_cmp expect-third rebased7
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup pre-rebase hook that fails' '
+	mkdir -p .git/hooks &&
+	cat >.git/hooks/pre-rebase <<EOF &&
+#!$SHELL_PATH
+false
+EOF
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase' '
+	git checkout -b stops1 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops1
+	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops1 | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase -i' '
+	git checkout -b stops2 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops2
+	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops2 | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove pre-rebase hook' '
+	rm -f .git/hooks/pre-rebase
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up a conflict' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo conflict > B &&
+	git add B &&
+	git commit -m conflict
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root with conflict (first part)' '
+	git checkout -b conflict1 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
+	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fix the conflict' '
+	echo 3 > B &&
+	git add B
+'
+
+cat > expect-conflict <<EOF
+6
+5
+4
+3
+conflict
+2
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root with conflict (second part)' '
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > conflict1 &&
+	test_cmp expect-conflict conflict1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root with conflict (first part)' '
+	git checkout -b conflict2 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --root --onto master &&
+	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fix the conflict' '
+	echo 3 > B &&
+	git add B
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root with conflict (second part)' '
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > conflict2 &&
+	test_cmp expect-conflict conflict2
+'
+
+cat >expect-conflict-p <<\EOF
+commit conflict3 conflict3~1 conflict3^2
+Merge branch 'third' into other
+commit conflict3^2 conflict3~4
+6
+commit conflict3~1 conflict3~2 conflict3~1^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit conflict3~1^2 conflict3~3
+5
+commit conflict3~2 conflict3~3
+4
+commit conflict3~3 conflict3~4
+3
+commit conflict3~4 conflict3~5
+conflict
+commit conflict3~5 conflict3~6
+2
+commit conflict3~6
+1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p --root with conflict (first part)' '
+	git checkout -b conflict3 other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fix the conflict' '
+	echo 3 > B &&
+	git add B
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p --root with conflict (second part)' '
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	log_with_names conflict3 >out &&
+	test_cmp expect-conflict-p out
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3409-rebase-hook.sh b/t/t3413-rebase-hook.sh
index 1f1b85067..098b75507 100755
--- a/t/t3409-rebase-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t3413-rebase-hook.sh
@@ -118,7 +118,11 @@ test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase (1)' '
 test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase (2)' '
 	git checkout test &&
 	git reset --hard side &&
-	EDITOR=true test_must_fail git rebase -i master &&
+	(
+		EDITOR=:
+		export EDITOR
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i master
+	) &&
 	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/test &&
 	test 0 = $(git rev-list HEAD...side | wc -l)
 '
diff --git a/t/t3414-rebase-preserve-onto.sh b/t/t3414-rebase-preserve-onto.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ee0a6cccf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3414-rebase-preserve-onto.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Greg Price
+#
+
+test_description='git rebase -p should respect --onto
+
+In a rebase with --onto, we should rewrite all the commits that
+aren'"'"'t on top of $ONTO, even if they are on top of $UPSTREAM.
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+# Set up branches like this:
+# A1---B1---E1---F1---G1
+#  \    \             /
+#   \    \--C1---D1--/
+#    H1
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit A1 &&
+	test_commit B1 &&
+	test_commit C1 &&
+	test_commit D1 &&
+	git reset --hard B1 &&
+	test_commit E1 &&
+	test_commit F1 &&
+	test_merge G1 D1 &&
+	git reset --hard A1 &&
+	test_commit H1
+'
+
+# Now rebase merge G1 from both branches' base B1, both should move:
+# A1---B1---E1---F1---G1
+#  \    \             /
+#   \    \--C1---D1--/
+#    \
+#     H1---E2---F2---G2
+#      \             /
+#       \--C2---D2--/
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase from B1 onto H1' '
+	git checkout G1 &&
+	git rebase -p --onto H1 B1 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1^1^1)" = "$(git rev-parse H1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2^1^1)" = "$(git rev-parse H1)"
+'
+
+# On the other hand if rebase from E1 which is within one branch,
+# then the other branch stays:
+# A1---B1---E1---F1---G1
+#  \    \             /
+#   \    \--C1---D1--/
+#    \             \
+#     H1-----F3-----G3
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase from E1 onto H1' '
+	git checkout G1 &&
+	git rebase -p --onto H1 E1 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1^1)" = "$(git rev-parse H1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" = "$(git rev-parse D1)"
+'
+
+# And the same if we rebase from a commit in the second-parent branch.
+# A1---B1---E1---F1----G1
+#  \    \          \   /
+#   \    \--C1---D1-\-/
+#    \               \
+#     H1------D3------G4
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase from C1 onto H1' '
+	git checkout G1 &&
+	git rev-list --first-parent --pretty=oneline C1..G1 &&
+	git rebase -p --onto H1 C1 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2^1)" = "$(git rev-parse H1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" = "$(git rev-parse F1)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
index 6da212825..bb4cf00d7 100755
--- a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
+++ b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick after renaming branch' '
 
 	git checkout rename2 &&
 	git cherry-pick added &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse rename2) &&
 	test -f opos &&
 	grep "Add extra line at the end" opos
 
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ test_expect_success 'revert after renaming branch' '
 
 	git checkout rename1 &&
 	git revert added &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse rename1) &&
 	test -f spoo &&
 	! grep "Add extra line at the end" spoo
 
diff --git a/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh b/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e51e505a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test cherry-picking an empty commit'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	echo first > file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "first" &&
+
+	git checkout -b empty-branch &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick an empty commit' '
+	git checkout master && {
+		git cherry-pick empty-branch
+		test "$?" = 1
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index lockfile was removed' '
+
+	test ! -f .git/index.lock
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3600-rm.sh b/t/t3600-rm.sh
index 5b4d6f713..76b1bb454 100755
--- a/t/t3600-rm.sh
+++ b/t/t3600-rm.sh
@@ -12,30 +12,37 @@ test_expect_success \
     'Initialize test directory' \
     "touch -- foo bar baz 'space embedded' -q &&
      git add -- foo bar baz 'space embedded' -q &&
-     git commit -m 'add normal files' &&
-     test_tabs=y &&
-     if touch -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
-embedded'
-     then
+     git commit -m 'add normal files'"
+
+if touch -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
+embedded' 2>/dev/null
+then
+	test_set_prereq FUNNYNAMES
+else
+	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames.'
+fi
+
+test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES 'add files with funny names' "
      git add -- 'tab	embedded' 'newline
 embedded' &&
      git commit -m 'add files with tabs and newlines'
-     else
-         say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames.'
-         test_tabs=n
-     fi"
+"
 
+# Determine rm behavior
 # Later we will try removing an unremovable path to make sure
 # git rm barfs, but if the test is run as root that cannot be
 # arranged.
-test_expect_success \
-    'Determine rm behavior' \
-    ': >test-file
-     chmod a-w .
-     rm -f test-file
-     test -f test-file && test_failed_remove=y
-     chmod 775 .
-     rm -f test-file'
+: >test-file
+chmod a-w .
+rm -f test-file 2>/dev/null
+if test -f test-file
+then
+	test_set_prereq RO_DIR
+else
+	say 'skipping removal failure test (perhaps running as root?)'
+fi
+chmod 775 .
+rm -f test-file
 
 test_expect_success \
     'Pre-check that foo exists and is in index before git rm foo' \
@@ -100,20 +107,16 @@ test_expect_success \
     'Test that "git rm -- -q" succeeds (remove a file that looks like an option)' \
     'git rm -- -q'
 
-test "$test_tabs" = y && test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success FUNNYNAMES \
     "Test that \"git rm -f\" succeeds with embedded space, tab, or newline characters." \
     "git rm -f 'space embedded' 'tab	embedded' 'newline
 embedded'"
 
-if test "$test_failed_remove" = y; then
-chmod a-w .
-test_expect_success \
-    'Test that "git rm -f" fails if its rm fails' \
-    'test_must_fail git rm -f baz'
-chmod 775 .
-else
-    test_expect_success 'skipping removal failure (perhaps running as root?)' :
-fi
+test_expect_success RO_DIR 'Test that "git rm -f" fails if its rm fails' '
+	chmod a-w . &&
+	test_must_fail git rm -f baz &&
+	chmod 775 .
+'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'When the rm in "git rm -f" fails, it should not remove the file from the index' \
@@ -187,8 +190,8 @@ test_expect_success 'but with -f it should work.' '
 	test_must_fail git ls-files --error-unmatch baz
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'refuse to remove cached empty file with modifications' '
-	touch empty &&
+test_expect_success 'refuse to remove cached empty file with modifications' '
+	>empty &&
 	git add empty &&
 	echo content >empty &&
 	test_must_fail git rm --cached empty
@@ -251,4 +254,21 @@ test_expect_success 'refresh index before checking if it is up-to-date' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'choking "git rm" should not let it die with cruft' '
+	git reset -q --hard &&
+	H=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &&
+	i=0 &&
+	while test $i -lt 12000
+	do
+	    echo "100644 $H 0	some-file-$i"
+	    i=$(( $i + 1 ))
+	done | git update-index --index-info &&
+	git rm -n "some-file-*" | :;
+	test -f .git/index.lock
+	status=$?
+	rm -f .git/index.lock
+	git reset -q --hard
+	test "$status" != 0
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3700-add.sh b/t/t3700-add.sh
index 9f6454d2f..85eb0fbf9 100755
--- a/t/t3700-add.sh
+++ b/t/t3700-add.sh
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo1; (exit 1);;
 	 esac'
 
-test_expect_success 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
 	rm -f xfoo1 &&
 	ln -s foo xfoo1 &&
 	git add xfoo1 &&
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 *) echo fail; git ls-files --stage xfoo2; (exit 1);;
 	 esac'
 
-test_expect_success 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
 	rm -f xfoo2 &&
 	ln -s foo xfoo2 &&
 	git update-index --add xfoo2 &&
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git add: filemode=0 should not get confused by symlink' '
 	esac
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
 	'git update-index --add: Test that executable bit is not used...' \
 	'git config core.filemode 0 &&
 	 ln -s xfoo2 xfoo3 &&
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git add --refresh' '
 	test -z "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'git add should fail atomically upon an unreadable file' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add should fail atomically upon an unreadable file' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	date >foo1 &&
 	date >foo2 &&
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git add should fail atomically upon an unreadable file' '
 
 rm -f foo2
 
-test_expect_success 'git add --ignore-errors' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add --ignore-errors' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	date >foo1 &&
 	date >foo2 &&
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git add --ignore-errors' '
 
 rm -f foo2
 
-test_expect_success 'git add (add.ignore-errors)' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add (add.ignore-errors)' '
 	git config add.ignore-errors 1 &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	date >foo1 &&
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git add (add.ignore-errors)' '
 '
 rm -f foo2
 
-test_expect_success 'git add (add.ignore-errors = false)' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'git add (add.ignore-errors = false)' '
 	git config add.ignore-errors 0 &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	date >foo1 &&
@@ -221,8 +221,21 @@ test_expect_success 'git add (add.ignore-errors = false)' '
 	test_must_fail git add --verbose . &&
 	! ( git ls-files foo1 | grep foo1 )
 '
+rm -f foo2
+
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-ignore-errors overrides config' '
+       git config add.ignore-errors 1 &&
+       git reset --hard &&
+       date >foo1 &&
+       date >foo2 &&
+       chmod 0 foo2 &&
+       test_must_fail git add --verbose --no-ignore-errors . &&
+       ! ( git ls-files foo1 | grep foo1 ) &&
+       git config add.ignore-errors 0
+'
+rm -f foo2
 
-test_expect_success 'git add '\''fo\[ou\]bar'\'' ignores foobar' '
+test_expect_success BSLASHPSPEC "git add 'fo\\[ou\\]bar' ignores foobar" '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	touch fo\[ou\]bar foobar &&
 	git add '\''fo\[ou\]bar'\'' &&
@@ -230,4 +243,16 @@ test_expect_success 'git add '\''fo\[ou\]bar'\'' ignores foobar' '
 	! ( git ls-files foobar | grep foobar )
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git add to resolve conflicts on otherwise ignored path' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	H=$(git rev-parse :1/2/a) &&
+	(
+		echo "100644 $H 1	track-this"
+		echo "100644 $H 3	track-this"
+	) | git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo track-this >>.gitignore &&
+	echo resolved >track-this &&
+	git add track-this
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
index e95663d8e..b6eba6a83 100755
--- a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
 test_description='add -i basic tests'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git add -i tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success 'setup (initial)' '
 	echo content >file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -133,12 +138,28 @@ test_expect_success 'real edit works' '
 	test_cmp expected output
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'skip files similarly as commit -a' '
+	git reset &&
+	echo file >.gitignore &&
+	echo changed >file &&
+	echo y | git add -p file &&
+	git diff >output &&
+	git reset &&
+	git commit -am commit &&
+	git diff >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected output &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^
+'
+rm -f .gitignore
+
 if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
 then
-    say 'skipping filemode tests (filesystem does not properly support modes)'
+	say 'skipping filemode tests (filesystem does not properly support modes)'
 else
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
 
-test_expect_success 'patch does not affect mode' '
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'patch does not affect mode' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	echo content >>file &&
 	chmod +x file &&
@@ -147,7 +168,7 @@ test_expect_success 'patch does not affect mode' '
 	git diff file | grep "new mode"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'stage mode but not hunk' '
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'stage mode but not hunk' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	echo content >>file &&
 	chmod +x file &&
@@ -156,7 +177,92 @@ test_expect_success 'stage mode but not hunk' '
 	git diff          file | grep "+content"
 '
 
-fi
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'stage mode and hunk' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	printf "y\\ny\\n" | git add -p &&
+	git diff --cached file | grep "new mode" &&
+	git diff --cached file | grep "+content" &&
+	test -z "$(git diff file)"
+'
+
 # end of tests disabled when filemode is not usable
 
+test_expect_success 'setup again' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_chmod +x file &&
+	echo content >>file
+'
+
+# Write the patch file with a new line at the top and bottom
+cat >patch <<EOF
+index 180b47c..b6f2c08 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
++firstline
+ baseline
+ content
++lastline
+EOF
+# Expected output, similar to the patch but w/ diff at the top
+cat >expected <<EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b6f2c08..61b9053 100755
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
++firstline
+ baseline
+ content
++lastline
+EOF
+# Test splitting the first patch, then adding both
+test_expect_success 'add first line works' '
+	git commit -am "clear local changes" &&
+	git apply patch &&
+	(echo s; echo y; echo y) | git add -p file &&
+	git diff --cached > diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+diff --git a/non-empty b/non-empty
+deleted file mode 100644
+index d95f3ad..0000000
+--- a/non-empty
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-content
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'deleting a non-empty file' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo content >non-empty &&
+	git add non-empty &&
+	git commit -m non-empty &&
+	rm non-empty &&
+	echo y | git add -p non-empty &&
+	git diff --cached >diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+diff --git a/empty b/empty
+deleted file mode 100644
+index e69de29..0000000
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'deleting an empty file' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	> empty &&
+	git add empty &&
+	git commit -m empty &&
+	rm empty &&
+	echo y | git add -p empty &&
+	git diff --cached >diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3702-add-edit.sh b/t/t3702-add-edit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4ee47cc9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3702-add-edit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Johannes E. Schindelin
+#
+
+test_description='add -e basic tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+cat > file << EOF
+LO, praise of the prowess of people-kings
+of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
+Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+from many a tribe, the mead-bench tore,
+awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
+for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+till before him the folk, both far and near,
+who house by the whale-path, heard his mandate,
+gave him gifts:  a good king he!
+EOF
+
+cat > second-part << EOF
+To him an heir was afterward born,
+a son in his halls, whom heaven sent
+to favor the folk, feeling their woe
+that erst they had lacked an earl for leader
+so long a while; the Lord endowed him,
+the Wielder of Wonder, with world's renown.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial file
+
+'
+
+cat > expected-patch << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b9834b5..9020acb 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
+-LO, praise of the prowess of people-kings
+-of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+-we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
+-Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+-from many a tribe, the mead-bench tore,
+-awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+-friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
+-for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+-till before him the folk, both far and near,
+-who house by the whale-path, heard his mandate,
+-gave him gifts:  a good king he!
++To him an heir was afterward born,
++a son in his halls, whom heaven sent
++to favor the folk, feeling their woe
++that erst they had lacked an earl for leader
++so long a while; the Lord endowed him,
++the Wielder of Wonder, with world's renown.
+EOF
+
+cat > patch << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b9834b5..ef6e94c 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -3,1 +3,333 @@ of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+ we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
++
+ Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+@@ -2,7 +1,5 @@ awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+ friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
++
+ for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+EOF
+
+cat > expected << EOF
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index b9834b5..ef6e94c 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+ LO, praise of the prowess of people-kings
+ of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
+ we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!
++
+ Oft Scyld the Scefing from squadroned foes,
+ from many a tribe, the mead-bench tore,
+ awing the earls. Since erst he lay
+ friendless, a foundling, fate repaid him:
++
+ for he waxed under welkin, in wealth he throve,
+ till before him the folk, both far and near,
+ who house by the whale-path, heard his mandate,
+EOF
+
+echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-editor.sh
+cat >> fake-editor.sh <<\EOF
+mv -f "$1" orig-patch &&
+mv -f patch "$1"
+EOF
+
+test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor.sh"
+chmod a+x fake-editor.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'add -e' '
+
+	cp second-part file &&
+	git add -e &&
+	test_cmp second-part file &&
+	test_cmp orig-patch expected-patch &&
+	git diff --cached > out &&
+	test_cmp out expected
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
index 784c31aec..256c4c970 100755
--- a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,15 @@ test_description='commit and log output encodings'
 
 compare_with () {
 	git show -s $1 | sed -e '1,/^$/d' -e 's/^    //' >current &&
-	test_cmp current "$2"
+	case "$3" in
+	'')
+		test_cmp "$2" current ;;
+	?*)
+		iconv -f "$3" -t UTF-8 >current.utf8 <current &&
+		iconv -f "$3" -t UTF-8 >expect.utf8 <"$2" &&
+		test_cmp expect.utf8 current.utf8
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -26,7 +34,7 @@ test_expect_success 'no encoding header for base case' '
 	test z = "z$E"
 '
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H setup" '
 		git config i18n.commitencoding $H &&
@@ -36,7 +44,7 @@ do
 	'
 done
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "check encoding header for $H" '
 		E=$(git cat-file commit '$H' | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
@@ -53,14 +61,14 @@ test_expect_success 'config to remove customization' '
 	else
 		test z = "z$Z"
 	fi &&
-	git config i18n.commitencoding utf-8
+	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'ISO-8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
-	compare_with ISO-8859-1 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
+test_expect_success 'ISO8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
+	compare_with ISO8859-1 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
 '
 
-for H in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H should be shown in UTF-8 now" '
 		compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
@@ -78,7 +86,7 @@ test_expect_success 'config to add customization' '
 	fi
 '
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H should be shown in itself now" '
 		git config i18n.commitencoding '$H' &&
@@ -87,32 +95,38 @@ do
 done
 
 test_expect_success 'config to tweak customization' '
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding utf-8
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'ISO-8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
-	compare_with ISO-8859-1 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
+test_expect_success 'ISO8859-1 should be shown in UTF-8 now' '
+	compare_with ISO8859-1 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
 '
 
-for H in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H should be shown in UTF-8 now" '
 		compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
 	'
 done
 
-for J in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for J in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
+	if test "$J" = ISO-2022-JP
+	then
+		ICONV=$J
+	else
+		ICONV=
+	fi
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding $J
-	for H in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+	for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 	do
 		test_expect_success "$H should be shown in $J now" '
-			compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/'$J'.txt
+			compare_with '$H' "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/'$J'.txt $ICONV
 		'
 	done
 done
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "No conversion with $H" '
 		compare_with "--encoding=none '$H'" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/'$H'.txt
diff --git a/t/t3900/ISO-8859-1.txt b/t/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt
index 7cbef0ee6..7cbef0ee6 100644
--- a/t/t3900/ISO-8859-1.txt
+++ b/t/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt
diff --git a/t/t3900/EUCJP.txt b/t/t3900/eucJP.txt
index 546f2aac0..546f2aac0 100644
--- a/t/t3900/EUCJP.txt
+++ b/t/t3900/eucJP.txt
diff --git a/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh b/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
index 7655da3f8..31a5770b3 100755
--- a/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t3901-i18n-patch.sh
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ check_encoding () {
 		git cat-file commit HEAD~$j |
 		case "$header" in
 		8859)
-			grep "^encoding ISO-8859-1" ;;
+			grep "^encoding ISO8859-1" ;;
 		*)
-			! grep "^encoding ISO-8859-1" ;;
+			grep "^encoding ISO8859-1"; test "$?" != 0 ;;
 		esac || {
 			bad=1
 			break
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git commit -s -m "Second on side" &&
 
 	# the second one on the side branch is ISO-8859-1
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	# use author and committer name in ISO-8859-1 to match it.
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -68,14 +68,14 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch output (ISO-8859-1)' '
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 
 	git format-patch --stdout master..HEAD^ >out-l1 &&
 	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >out-l2 &&
-	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1" out-l1 &&
-	grep "^From: =?ISO-8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED=20=F3=FA?=" out-l1 &&
-	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1" out-l2 &&
-	grep "^From: =?ISO-8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED=20=F3=FA?=" out-l2
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1" out-l1 &&
+	grep "^From: =?ISO8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED=20=F3=FA?=" out-l1 &&
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1" out-l2 &&
+	grep "^From: =?ISO8859-1?q?=C1=E9=ED=20=F3=FA?=" out-l2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch output (UTF-8)' '
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (U/U)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase (U/L)' '
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (U/L)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase (L/L)' '
 	# In this test we want ISO-8859-1 encoded commits as the result
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase (L/L)' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase (L/U)' '
 	# This is pathological -- use UTF-8 as intermediate form
 	# to get ISO-8859-1 results.
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(U/U)' '
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(L/L)' '
 	# Both the commitencoding and logoutputencoding is set to ISO-8859-1
 
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(U/L)' '
 	# Commitencoding is set to UTF-8 but logoutputencoding is ISO-8859-1
 
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard master &&
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cherry-pick(L/U)' '
 	# Again, the commitencoding is set to ISO-8859-1 but
 	# logoutputencoding is set to UTF-8.
 
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/U)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/L)' '
 	git config i18n.commitencoding UTF-8 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-utf8.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
@@ -229,8 +229,8 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (U/L)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/L)' '
 	# In this test we want ISO-8859-1 encoded commits as the result
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
 	git reset --hard side &&
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/L)' '
 test_expect_success 'rebase --merge (L/U)' '
 	# This is pathological -- use UTF-8 as intermediate form
 	# to get ISO-8859-1 results.
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	git config i18n.logoutputencoding UTF-8 &&
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 
diff --git a/t/t3903-stash.sh b/t/t3903-stash.sh
index 7484cbede..5514f74b3 100755
--- a/t/t3903-stash.sh
+++ b/t/t3903-stash.sh
@@ -177,4 +177,46 @@ test_expect_success 'stash branch' '
 	test 0 = $(git stash list | wc -l)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'apply -q is quiet' '
+	echo foo > file &&
+	git stash &&
+	git stash apply -q > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'save -q is quiet' '
+	git stash save --quiet > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pop -q is quiet' '
+	git stash pop -q > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'drop -q is quiet' '
+	git stash &&
+	git stash drop -q > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test ! -s output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash -k' '
+	echo bar3 > file &&
+	echo bar4 > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git stash -k &&
+	test bar,bar4 = $(cat file),$(cat file2)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash --invalid-option' '
+	echo bar5 > file &&
+	echo bar6 > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_must_fail git stash --invalid-option &&
+	test_must_fail git stash save --invalid-option &&
+	test bar5,bar6 = $(cat file),$(cat file2) &&
+	git stash -- -message-starting-with-dash &&
+	test bar,bar2 = $(cat file),$(cat file2)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f37e3bc6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git checkout --patch'
+. ./lib-patch-mode.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir dir &&
+	echo parent > dir/foo &&
+	echo dummy > bar &&
+	git add bar dir/foo &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_commit second dir/foo head &&
+	echo index > dir/foo &&
+	git add dir/foo &&
+	set_and_save_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
+	save_head
+'
+
+# note: bar sorts before dir, so the first 'n' is always to skip 'bar'
+
+test_expect_success 'saying "n" does nothing' '
+	set_state dir/foo work index
+	(echo n; echo n) | test_must_fail git stash save -p &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work index &&
+	verify_saved_state bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git stash -p' '
+	(echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head index &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash apply &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
+	verify_state bar dummy dummy
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git stash -p --no-keep-index' '
+	set_state dir/foo work index &&
+	set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
+	(echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p --no-keep-index &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head &&
+	verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git stash apply --index &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work index &&
+	verify_state bar dummy bar_index
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'none of this moved HEAD' '
+	verify_saved_head
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
index cc3681f16..18695ce82 100755
--- a/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t4002-diff-basic.sh
@@ -258,4 +258,12 @@ test_expect_success \
     git diff-tree -r -R $tree_A $tree_B >.test-b &&
     cmp -s .test-a .test-b'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'diff can read from stdin' \
+    'test_must_fail git diff --no-index -- MN - < NN |
+        grep -v "^index" | sed "s#/-#/NN#" >.test-a &&
+    test_must_fail git diff --no-index -- MN NN |
+        grep -v "^index" >.test-b &&
+    test_cmp .test-a .test-b'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh b/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
index b35af9b42..a4da1196a 100755
--- a/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4004-diff-rename-symlink.sh
@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ by an edit for them.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
     'echo xyzzy | tr -d '\\\\'012 >yomin &&
diff --git a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
index 4e92fce1d..8c1b81e24 100755
--- a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
+++ b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
@@ -15,21 +15,10 @@ test_expect_success \
      tree=`git write-tree` &&
      echo $tree'
 
-if [ "$(git config --get core.filemode)" = false ]
-then
-	say 'filemode disabled on the filesystem, using update-index --chmod=+x'
-	test_expect_success \
-	    'git update-index --chmod=+x' \
-	    'git update-index rezrov &&
-	     git update-index --chmod=+x rezrov &&
-	     git diff-index $tree >current'
-else
-	test_expect_success \
-	    'chmod' \
-	    'chmod +x rezrov &&
-	     git update-index rezrov &&
-	     git diff-index $tree >current'
-fi
+test_expect_success \
+    'chmod' \
+    'test_chmod +x rezrov &&
+     git diff-index $tree >current'
 
 _x40='[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
 _x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
diff --git a/t/t4007-rename-3.sh b/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
index 42072d724..11502b750 100755
--- a/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
+++ b/t/t4007-rename-3.sh
@@ -9,32 +9,36 @@ test_description='Rename interaction with pathspec.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh ;# test-lib chdir's into trash
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare reference tree' \
-    'mkdir path0 path1 &&
-     cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
-     git update-index --add path0/COPYING &&
-    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
-    echo $tree'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare work tree' \
-    'cp path0/COPYING path1/COPYING &&
-     git update-index --add --remove path0/COPYING path1/COPYING'
+test_expect_success 'prepare reference tree' '
+	mkdir path0 path1 &&
+	cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../COPYING path0/COPYING &&
+	git update-index --add path0/COPYING &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo $tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare work tree' '
+	cp path0/COPYING path1/COPYING &&
+	git update-index --add --remove path0/COPYING path1/COPYING
+'
 
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 and
 # path1 both have COPYING and the latter is a copy of path0/COPYING.
 # Comparing the full tree with cache should tell us so.
 
-git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 C100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#1)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+test_expect_success 'copy detection' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copy detection, cached' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder --cached $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 and
 # path1 both have COPYING and the latter is a copy of path0/COPYING.
@@ -42,49 +46,45 @@ test_expect_success \
 # path1/COPYING suddenly appearing from nowhere, not detected as
 # a copy from path0/COPYING.
 
-git diff-index -C $tree path1 >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 A	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#2)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'tweak work tree' \
-    'rm -f path0/COPYING &&
-     git update-index --remove path0/COPYING'
+test_expect_success 'copy, limited to a subtree' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree path1 >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'tweak work tree' '
+	rm -f path0/COPYING &&
+	git update-index --remove path0/COPYING
+'
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 does
 # not have COPYING anymore and path1 has COPYING which is a copy of
 # path0/COPYING.  Showing the full tree with cache should tell us about
 # the rename.
 
-git diff-index -C $tree >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 R100	path0/COPYING	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#3)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+test_expect_success 'rename detection' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 # In the tree, there is only path0/COPYING.  In the cache, path0 does
 # not have COPYING anymore and path1 has COPYING which is a copy of
 # path0/COPYING.  When we say we care only about path1, we should just
 # see path1/COPYING appearing from nowhere.
 
-git diff-index -C $tree path1 >current
-
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 :000000 100644 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 A	path1/COPYING
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate the result (#4)' \
-    'compare_diff_raw current expected'
+test_expect_success 'rename, limited to a subtree' '
+	git diff-index -C --find-copies-harder $tree path1 >current &&
+	compare_diff_raw current expected
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
index 7e343a9cd..e19ca6588 100755
--- a/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
+++ b/t/t4008-diff-break-rewrite.sh
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'validate result of -B -M (#4)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'make file0 into something completely different' \
     'rm -f file0 &&
      ln -s frotz file0 &&
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 M100	file1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'validate result of -B (#5)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 R	file0	file1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'validate result of -B -M (#6)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 f5deac7be59e7eeab8657fd9ae706fd6a57daed2 M	file1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
     'validate result of -M (#7)' \
     'compare_diff_raw expected current'
 
diff --git a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
index 9322298ec..94df7ae53 100755
--- a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
@@ -62,4 +62,12 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git diff-index --cached $tree -- file0/ >current &&
      compare_diff_raw current expected'
 
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree pathspec' '
+	tree2=$(git write-tree) &&
+	echo "$tree2" &&
+	git diff-tree -r --name-only $tree $tree2 -- pa path1/a >current &&
+	>expected &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
index 02efecae3..d7e327cc5 100755
--- a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,12 @@ test_description='Test diff of symlinks.
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 cat > expected << EOF
 diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
 new file mode 120000
@@ -82,4 +88,11 @@ test_expect_success \
     git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
     compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'diff symlinks with non-existing targets' \
+    'ln -s narf pinky &&
+    ln -s take\ over brain &&
+    test_must_fail git diff --no-index pinky brain > output 2> output.err &&
+    grep narf output &&
+    ! grep error output.err'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
index 3cf5b5c4e..f64aa48d2 100755
--- a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ nul_to_q() {
 
 test_expect_success 'diff --no-index with binary creation' '
 	echo Q | q_to_nul >binary &&
-	(:# hide error code from diff, which just indicates differences
+	(: hide error code from diff, which just indicates differences
 	 git diff --binary --no-index /dev/null binary >current ||
 	 true
 	) &&
diff --git a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
index aeb5405cf..8e3694ed5 100755
--- a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
+++ b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
@@ -74,6 +74,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	for i in 1 2; do echo $i; done >>dir/sub &&
 	git update-index file0 dir/sub &&
 
+	mkdir dir3 &&
+	cp dir/sub dir3/sub &&
+	test-chmtime +1 dir3/sub &&
+
 	git config log.showroot false &&
 	git commit --amend &&
 	git show-branch
@@ -97,8 +101,7 @@ do
 	'' | '#'*) continue ;;
 	esac
 	test=`echo "$cmd" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g'`
-	cnt=`expr $test_count + 1`
-	pfx=`printf "%04d" $cnt`
+	pfx=`printf "%04d" $test_count`
 	expect="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4013/diff.$test"
 	actual="$pfx-diff.$test"
 
@@ -203,6 +206,11 @@ log --root -c --patch-with-stat --summary master
 log --root --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 log -SF master
 log -SF -p master
+log --decorate --all
+log --decorate=full --all
+
+rev-list --parents HEAD
+rev-list --children HEAD
 
 whatchanged master
 whatchanged -p master
@@ -239,11 +247,12 @@ format-patch --stdout initial..master
 format-patch --stdout --no-numbered initial..master
 format-patch --stdout --numbered initial..master
 format-patch --attach --stdout initial..side
+format-patch --attach --stdout --suffix=.diff initial..side
 format-patch --attach --stdout initial..master^
 format-patch --attach --stdout initial..master
 format-patch --inline --stdout initial..side
 format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master^
-format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master
+format-patch --inline --stdout --numbered-files initial..master
 format-patch --inline --stdout initial..master
 format-patch --inline --stdout --subject-prefix=TESTCASE initial..master
 config format.subjectprefix DIFFERENT_PREFIX
@@ -261,7 +270,10 @@ diff --patch-with-stat -r initial..side
 diff --patch-with-raw -r initial..side
 diff --name-status dir2 dir
 diff --no-index --name-status dir2 dir
+diff --no-index --name-status -- dir2 dir
+diff --no-index dir dir3
 diff master master^ side
+diff --dirstat master~1 master~2
 EOF
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_master~1_master~2 b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_master~1_master~2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b672e1ca6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--dirstat_master~1_master~2
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --dirstat master~1 master~2
+  40.0% dir/
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_--_dir2_dir b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_--_dir2_dir
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6756f8de6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_--name-status_--_dir2_dir
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ git diff --no-index --name-status -- dir2 dir
+A	dir/sub
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_dir_dir3 b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_dir_dir3
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2142c2b9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--no-index_dir_dir3
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+$ git diff --no-index dir dir3
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..52116d3ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+$ git format-patch --attach --stdout --suffix=.diff initial..side
+From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH] Side
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file3   |    4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file3
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Side.diff"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Side.diff"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
index e5ab74437..ce49bd676 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ This is the second commit.
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0003-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0003-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
index 2c71d20d3..5f1b23863 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ This is the second commit.
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
index 38f790290..4a2364abc 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="0001-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43b81eba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+$ git format-patch --inline --stdout --numbered-files initial..master
+From 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:01:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Second
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+
+This is the second commit.
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file2   |    3 ---
+ 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+ delete mode 100644 file2
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++C
++D
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..b414108 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++4
++5
++6
+diff --git a/file2 b/file2
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 01e79c3..0000000
+--- a/file2
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+
+From 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:02:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file1   |    3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file1
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="2"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="2"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ A
+ B
+ C
+ D
++E
++F
+diff --git a/file1 b/file1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..b1e6722
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file1
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++A
++B
++C
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+
+From c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2006 00:03:00 +0000
+Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n"
+
+This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=fixed
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+---
+ dir/sub |    2 ++
+ file0   |    3 +++
+ file3   |    4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 file3
+
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="3"
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="3"
+
+diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
+index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
+--- a/dir/sub
++++ b/dir/sub
+@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+ A
+ B
++1
++2
+diff --git a/file0 b/file0
+index 01e79c3..f4615da 100644
+--- a/file0
++++ b/file0
+@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
++A
++B
++C
+diff --git a/file3 b/file3
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..7289e35
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/file3
+@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
++A
++B
++1
++2
+
+--------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n--
+
+
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
index 58f8a7b7d..ca3f60bf0 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ This is the second commit.
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0003-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0003-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
index 9e7bbdffa..08f23014b 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ This is the second commit.
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0003-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0003-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
index f881f644c..07f1230d3 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ This is the second commit.
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0002-Third.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0002-Third.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
index 4f258b885..29e00ab8a 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ This is the second commit.
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Second.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Second.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
index e86dce69a..67633d424 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 
 --------------g-i-t--v-e-r-s-i-o-n
-Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Type: text/x-patch; name="0001-Side.patch"
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-Content-Disposition: inline; filename="c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a.diff"
+Content-Disposition: inline; filename="0001-Side.patch"
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d155e0bab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate=full_--all
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+$ git log --decorate=full --all
+commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD, refs/heads/master)
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Merge branch 'side'
+
+commit c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a (refs/heads/side)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:03:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Side
+
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+
+commit 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:01:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Second
+    
+    This is the second commit.
+
+commit 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a (refs/heads/initial)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:00:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Initial
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fd7c3e643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--decorate_--all
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+$ git log --decorate --all
+commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 (HEAD, master)
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Merge branch 'side'
+
+commit c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a (side)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:03:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Side
+
+commit 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:02:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Third
+
+commit 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:01:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Second
+    
+    This is the second commit.
+
+commit 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a (initial)
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:00:00 2006 +0000
+
+    Initial
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
index 3ceb8e73c..bd7f5c0f7 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --patch-with-stat --summary master -- dir/
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
index 43d77761f..14595a614 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --patch-with-stat master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
index 5187a2681..5a4e72765 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --patch-with-stat master -- dir/
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index c9640976a..df0aaa9f2 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index ad050af55..c11b5f2c7 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
index 628c6c03b..5f0c98f9c 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root --patch-with-stat master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 5d4e0f13b..e62c368dc 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root -c --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master
index 217a2eb20..b42c33443 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-p_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root -p master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master
index e17ccfc23..e8f46159d 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log --root master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master
index f8fefef2c..bf1326dc3 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_-p_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log -p master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_master
index e9d9e7b40..a8f6ce5ab 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git log master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--children_HEAD b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--children_HEAD
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7f17d5aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--children_HEAD
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+$ git rev-list --children HEAD
+59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
+c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
+9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
+1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0
+444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--parents_HEAD b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--parents_HEAD
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..65d2a8020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.rev-list_--parents_HEAD
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+$ git rev-list --parents HEAD
+59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64 9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
+c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+9a6d4949b6b76956d9d5e26f2791ec2ceff5fdc0 1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44
+1bde4ae5f36c8d9abe3a0fce0c6aab3c4a12fe44 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
+$
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.show_master b/t/t4013/diff.show_master
index 9e6e1f271..fb08ce0e4 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.show_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.show_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git show master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 5facf2543..e96ff1fb8 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git whatchanged --root --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 10f6767e4..c0aff68ef 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git whatchanged --root -c --patch-with-stat --summary master
 commit 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
-Merge: 9a6d494... c7a2ab9...
+Merge: 9a6d494 c7a2ab9
 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
 Date:   Mon Jun 26 00:04:00 2006 +0000
 
diff --git a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
index 9d99dc288..3bc1cccf8 100755
--- a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
-test_description='Format-patch skipping already incorporated patches'
+test_description='various format-patch tests'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -16,9 +16,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git checkout -b side &&
 
 	for i in 1 2 5 6 A B C 7 8 9 10; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
-	chmod +x elif &&
-	git update-index file elif &&
-	git update-index --chmod=+x elif &&
+	test_chmod +x elif &&
 	git commit -m "Side changes #1" &&
 
 	for i in D E F; do echo "$i"; done >>file &&
@@ -130,6 +128,21 @@ test_expect_success 'additional command line cc' '
 	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>$" patch5
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'command line headers' '
+
+	git config --unset-all format.headers &&
+	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^$/q" >patch6 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>$" patch6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'configuration headers and command line headers' '
+
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^$/q" >patch7 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,$" patch7 &&
+	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>$" patch7
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'multiple files' '
 
 	rm -rf patches/ &&
@@ -138,56 +151,243 @@ test_expect_success 'multiple files' '
 	ls patches/0001-Side-changes-1.patch patches/0002-Side-changes-2.patch patches/0003-Side-changes-3-with-n-backslash-n-in-it.patch
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'thread' '
+check_threading () {
+	expect="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	(git format-patch --stdout "$@"; echo $? > status.out) |
+	# Prints everything between the Message-ID and In-Reply-To,
+	# and replaces all Message-ID-lookalikes by a sequence number
+	perl -ne '
+		if (/^(message-id|references|in-reply-to)/i) {
+			$printing = 1;
+		} elsif (/^\S/) {
+			$printing = 0;
+		}
+		if ($printing) {
+			$h{$1}=$i++ if (/<([^>]+)>/ and !exists $h{$1});
+			for $k (keys %h) {s/$k/$h{$k}/};
+			print;
+		}
+		print "---\n" if /^From /i;
+	' > actual &&
+	test 0 = "$(cat status.out)" &&
+	test_cmp "$expect" actual
+}
+
+cat >> expect.no-threading <<EOF
+---
+---
+---
+EOF
 
-	rm -rf patches/ &&
+test_expect_success 'no threading' '
 	git checkout side &&
-	git format-patch --thread -o patches/ master &&
-	FIRST_MID=$(grep "Message-Id:" patches/0001-* | sed "s/^[^<]*\(<[^>]*>\).*$/\1/") &&
-	for i in patches/0002-* patches/0003-*
-	do
-	  grep "References: $FIRST_MID" $i &&
-	  grep "In-Reply-To: $FIRST_MID" $i || break
-	done
+	check_threading expect.no-threading master
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'thread in-reply-to' '
+cat > expect.thread <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+EOF
 
-	rm -rf patches/ &&
-	git checkout side &&
-	git format-patch --in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread -o patches/ master &&
-	FIRST_MID="<test.message>" &&
-	for i in patches/*
-	do
-	  grep "References: $FIRST_MID" $i &&
-	  grep "In-Reply-To: $FIRST_MID" $i || break
-	done
+test_expect_success 'thread' '
+	check_threading expect.thread --thread master
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'thread cover-letter' '
+cat > expect.in-reply-to <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+EOF
 
-	rm -rf patches/ &&
-	git checkout side &&
-	git format-patch --cover-letter --thread -o patches/ master &&
-	FIRST_MID=$(grep "Message-Id:" patches/0000-* | sed "s/^[^<]*\(<[^>]*>\).*$/\1/") &&
-	for i in patches/0001-* patches/0002-* patches/0003-*
-	do
-	  grep "References: $FIRST_MID" $i &&
-	  grep "In-Reply-To: $FIRST_MID" $i || break
-	done
+test_expect_success 'thread in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.in-reply-to --in-reply-to="<test.message>" \
+		--thread master
 '
 
+cat > expect.cover-letter <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread cover-letter' '
+	check_threading expect.cover-letter --cover-letter --thread master
+'
+
+cat > expect.cl-irt <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <4>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success 'thread cover-letter in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.cl-irt --cover-letter \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread master
+'
 
-	rm -rf patches/ &&
-	git checkout side &&
-	git format-patch --cover-letter --in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread -o patches/ master &&
-	FIRST_MID="<test.message>" &&
-	for i in patches/*
-	do
-	  grep "References: $FIRST_MID" $i &&
-	  grep "In-Reply-To: $FIRST_MID" $i || break
-	done
+test_expect_success 'thread explicit shallow' '
+	check_threading expect.cl-irt --cover-letter \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread=shallow master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <0>
+	<1>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep' '
+	check_threading expect.deep --thread=deep master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep-irt <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <2>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+	<2>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.deep-irt  --thread=deep \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep-cl <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <1>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <0>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <0>
+	<1>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <2>
+References: <0>
+	<1>
+	<2>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep cover-letter' '
+	check_threading expect.deep-cl --cover-letter --thread=deep master
+'
+
+cat > expect.deep-cl-irt <<EOF
+---
+Message-Id: <0>
+In-Reply-To: <1>
+References: <1>
+---
+Message-Id: <2>
+In-Reply-To: <0>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+---
+Message-Id: <3>
+In-Reply-To: <2>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+	<2>
+---
+Message-Id: <4>
+In-Reply-To: <3>
+References: <1>
+	<0>
+	<2>
+	<3>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep cover-letter in-reply-to' '
+	check_threading expect.deep-cl-irt --cover-letter \
+		--in-reply-to="<test.message>" --thread=deep master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread via config' '
+	git config format.thread true &&
+	check_threading expect.thread master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread deep via config' '
+	git config format.thread deep &&
+	check_threading expect.deep master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread config + override' '
+	git config format.thread deep &&
+	check_threading expect.thread --thread master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'thread config + --no-thread' '
+	git config format.thread deep &&
+	check_threading expect.no-threading --no-thread master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'excessive subject' '
@@ -255,4 +455,106 @@ test_expect_success 'format-patch respects -U' '
 
 '
 
+cat > expect << EOF
+
+diff --git a/file b/file
+index 40f36c6..2dc5c23 100644
+--- a/file
++++ b/file
+@@ -14,3 +14,19 @@ C
+ D
+ E
+ F
++5
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch -p suppresses stat' '
+
+	git format-patch -p -2 &&
+	sed -e "1,/^$/d" -e "/^+5/q" < 0001-This-is-an-excessively-long-subject-line-for-a-messa.patch > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch from a subdirectory (1)' '
+	filename=$(
+		rm -rf sub &&
+		mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+		cd sub/dir &&
+		git format-patch -1
+	) &&
+	case "$filename" in
+	0*)
+		;; # ok
+	*)
+		echo "Oops? $filename"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac &&
+	test -f "$filename"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch from a subdirectory (2)' '
+	filename=$(
+		rm -rf sub &&
+		mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+		cd sub/dir &&
+		git format-patch -1 -o ..
+	) &&
+	case "$filename" in
+	../0*)
+		;; # ok
+	*)
+		echo "Oops? $filename"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac &&
+	basename=$(expr "$filename" : ".*/\(.*\)") &&
+	test -f "sub/$basename"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch from a subdirectory (3)' '
+	rm -f 0* &&
+	filename=$(
+		rm -rf sub &&
+		mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+		cd sub/dir &&
+		git format-patch -1 -o "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
+	) &&
+	basename=$(expr "$filename" : ".*/\(.*\)") &&
+	test -f "$basename"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --in-reply-to' '
+	git format-patch -1 --stdout --in-reply-to "baz@foo.bar" > patch8 &&
+	grep "^In-Reply-To: <baz@foo.bar>" patch8 &&
+	grep "^References: <baz@foo.bar>" patch8
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --signoff' '
+	git format-patch -1 --signoff --stdout |
+	grep "^Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+'
+
+echo "fatal: --name-only does not make sense" > expect.name-only
+echo "fatal: --name-status does not make sense" > expect.name-status
+echo "fatal: --check does not make sense" > expect.check
+
+test_expect_success 'options no longer allowed for format-patch' '
+	test_must_fail git format-patch --name-only 2> output &&
+	test_cmp expect.name-only output &&
+	test_must_fail git format-patch --name-status 2> output &&
+	test_cmp expect.name-status output &&
+	test_must_fail git format-patch --check 2> output &&
+	test_cmp expect.check output'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --numstat should produce a patch' '
+	git format-patch --numstat --stdout master..side > output &&
+	test 6 = $(grep "^diff --git a/" output | wc -l)'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch -- <path>' '
+	git format-patch master..side -- file 2>error &&
+	! grep "Use .--" error
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
index fc2307eaa..8dd147d78 100755
--- a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
+++ b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
@@ -98,6 +98,12 @@ index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
 EOF
 git diff -w > out
 test_expect_success 'another test, with -w' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -w -b > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -w -b' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -w --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -w --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > expect
 diff --git a/x b/x
@@ -116,6 +122,27 @@ index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
 EOF
 git diff -b > out
 test_expect_success 'another test, with -b' 'test_cmp expect out'
+git diff -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
+
+tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > expect
+diff --git a/x b/x
+index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
+--- a/x
++++ b/x
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+-whitespace at beginning
+-whitespace change
+-whitespace in the middle
++	whitespace at beginning
++whitespace 	 change
++white space in the middle
+ whitespace at end
+ unchanged line
+ CR at endQ
+EOF
+git diff --ignore-space-at-eol > out
+test_expect_success 'another test, with --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
 test_expect_success 'check mixed spaces and tabs in indent' '
 
@@ -335,10 +362,17 @@ test_expect_success 'line numbers in --check output are correct' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'checkdiff detects trailing blank lines' '
+test_expect_success 'checkdiff detects new trailing blank lines (1)' '
 	echo "foo();" >x &&
 	echo "" >>x &&
-	git diff --check | grep "ends with blank"
+	git diff --check | grep "new blank line"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkdiff detects new trailing blank lines (2)' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo; echo; } >x &&
+	git add x &&
+	{ echo a; echo; echo; echo; echo; } >x &&
+	git diff --check | grep "new blank line"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkdiff allows new blank lines' '
diff --git a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
index be541348c..5b10e976a 100755
--- a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
+++ b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ EOF
 
 sed 's/beer\\/beer,\\/' < Beer.java > Beer-correct.java
 
-builtin_patterns="bibtex html java objc pascal php python ruby tex"
+builtin_patterns="bibtex cpp html java objc pascal php python ruby tex"
 for p in $builtin_patterns
 do
 	test_expect_success "builtin $p pattern compiles" '
diff --git a/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
index 84a1fe311..f6d1f1eba 100755
--- a/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
+++ b/t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh
@@ -20,11 +20,27 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 blue_grep='7;34m' ;# ESC [ 7 ; 3 4 m
 
+printf "\033[%s" "$blue_grep" >check-grep
+if (grep "$blue_grep" <check-grep | grep "$blue_grep") >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+	grep_a=grep
+elif (grep -a "$blue_grep" <check-grep | grep -a "$blue_grep") >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+	grep_a='grep -a'
+else
+	grep_a=grep ;# expected to fail...
+fi
+rm -f check-grep
+
+prepare_output () {
+	git diff --color >output
+	$grep_a "$blue_grep" output >error
+	$grep_a -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+}
+
 test_expect_success default '
 
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -37,9 +53,7 @@ test_expect_success default '
 test_expect_success 'without -trail' '
 
 	git config core.whitespace -trail
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -53,9 +67,7 @@ test_expect_success 'without -trail (attribute)' '
 
 	git config --unset core.whitespace
 	echo "F whitespace=-trail" >.gitattributes
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -69,9 +81,7 @@ test_expect_success 'without -space' '
 
 	rm -f .gitattributes
 	git config core.whitespace -space
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -85,9 +95,7 @@ test_expect_success 'without -space (attribute)' '
 
 	git config --unset core.whitespace
 	echo "F whitespace=-space" >.gitattributes
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -101,9 +109,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only' '
 
 	rm -f .gitattributes
 	git config core.whitespace indent,-trailing,-space
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight error >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -117,9 +123,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with indent-non-tab only (attribute)' '
 
 	git config --unset core.whitespace
 	echo "F whitespace=indent,-trailing,-space" >.gitattributes
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight error >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT normal >/dev/null &&
@@ -133,9 +137,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with cr-at-eol' '
 
 	rm -f .gitattributes
 	git config core.whitespace cr-at-eol
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -149,9 +151,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with cr-at-eol (attribute)' '
 
 	git config --unset core.whitespace
 	echo "F whitespace=trailing,cr-at-eol" >.gitattributes
-	git diff --color >output
-	grep "$blue_grep" output >error
-	grep -v "$blue_grep" output >normal
+	prepare_output
 
 	grep Eight normal >/dev/null &&
 	grep HT error >/dev/null &&
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ test_expect_success 'trailing empty lines (1)' '
 
 	rm -f .gitattributes &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --check >output &&
-	grep "ends with blank lines." output &&
+	grep "new blank line at" output &&
 	grep "trailing whitespace" output
 
 '
@@ -190,4 +190,13 @@ test_expect_success 'do not color trailing cr in context' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'color new trailing blank lines' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo; echo; } >x &&
+	git add x &&
+	{ echo a; echo; echo; echo; echo c; echo; echo; echo; echo; } >x &&
+	git diff --color x >output &&
+	cnt=$($grep_a "${blue_grep}" output | wc -l) &&
+	test $cnt = 2
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
index caea292f1..a7602cf92 100755
--- a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
+++ b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
@@ -128,4 +128,45 @@ test_expect_success 'force diff with "diff"' '
 	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4020/diff.NUL actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF with more than one changed files' '
+	echo anotherfile > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m "added 2nd file" &&
+	echo modified >file2 &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF generates pretty paths' '
+	touch file.ext &&
+	git add file.ext &&
+	echo with extension > file.ext &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff file.ext | grep ......_file\.ext &&
+	git update-index --force-remove file.ext &&
+	rm file.ext
+'
+
+echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake-diff.sh
+cat >> fake-diff.sh <<\EOF
+cat $2 >> crlfed.txt
+EOF
+chmod a+x fake-diff.sh
+
+keep_only_cr () {
+	tr -dc '\015'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'external diff with autocrlf = true' '
+	git config core.autocrlf true &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=./fake-diff.sh git diff &&
+	test $(wc -l < crlfed.txt) = $(cat crlfed.txt | keep_only_cr | wc -c)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --cached' '
+	git add file &&
+	git update-index --assume-unchanged file &&
+	echo second >file &&
+	git diff --cached >actual &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4020/diff.NUL actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
index 390af2389..709b3231c 100755
--- a/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
+++ b/t/t4021-format-patch-numbered.sh
@@ -86,6 +86,13 @@ test_expect_success 'format.numbered && --no-numbered' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'format.numbered && --keep-subject' '
+
+	git format-patch --keep-subject --stdout HEAD^ >patch4a &&
+	grep "^Subject: Third" patch4a
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'format.numbered = auto' '
 
 	git config format.numbered auto
@@ -108,4 +115,10 @@ test_expect_success 'format.numbered = auto && --no-numbered' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--start-number && --numbered' '
+
+	git format-patch --start-number 3 --numbered --stdout HEAD~1 > patch8 &&
+	grep "^Subject: \[PATCH 3/3\]" patch8
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4023-diff-rename-typechange.sh b/t/t4023-diff-rename-typechange.sh
index 297ddb5a2..9bdf6596d 100755
--- a/t/t4023-diff-rename-typechange.sh
+++ b/t/t4023-diff-rename-typechange.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ test_description='typechange rename detection'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	rm -f foo bar &&
diff --git a/t/t4026-color.sh b/t/t4026-color.sh
index b61e5169f..5ade44c04 100755
--- a/t/t4026-color.sh
+++ b/t/t4026-color.sh
@@ -66,4 +66,21 @@ test_expect_success 'extra character after attribute' '
 	invalid_color "dimX"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'unknown color slots are ignored (diff)' '
+	git config --unset diff.color.new
+	git config color.diff.nosuchslotwilleverbedefined white &&
+	git diff --color
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unknown color slots are ignored (branch)' '
+	git config color.branch.nosuchslotwilleverbedefined white &&
+	git branch -a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unknown color slots are ignored (status)' '
+	git config color.status.nosuchslotwilleverbedefined white || exit
+	git status
+	case $? in 0|1) : ok ;; *) false ;; esac
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
index 1c2edebb0..5cf8924b2 100755
--- a/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t4027-diff-submodule.sh
@@ -57,4 +57,43 @@ test_expect_success 'git diff (empty submodule dir)' '
 	test_cmp empty actual.empty
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'conflicted submodule setup' '
+
+	# 39 efs
+	c=fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+	(
+		echo "000000 $_z40 0	sub"
+		echo "160000 1$c 1	sub"
+		echo "160000 2$c 2	sub"
+		echo "160000 3$c 3	sub"
+	) | git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo >expect.nosub '\''diff --cc sub
+index 2ffffff,3ffffff..0000000
+--- a/sub
++++ b/sub
+@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,1 @@@
+- Subproject commit 2fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+ -Subproject commit 3fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
+++Subproject commit 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000'\'' &&
+
+	hh=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	sed -e "s/$_z40/$hh/" expect.nosub >expect.withsub
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'combined (empty submodule)' '
+	rm -fr sub && mkdir sub &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.nosub actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'combined (with submodule)' '
+	rm -fr sub &&
+	git clone --no-checkout . sub &&
+	git diff >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.withsub actual
+'
+
+
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
index 4ca65e033..3ccc237a8 100755
--- a/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
+++ b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-#!/bin/bash
+#!/bin/sh
 #
 # Copyright (c) Jim Meyering
 #
-test_description='diff honors config option, diff.suppress-blank-empty'
+test_description='diff honors config option, diff.suppressBlankEmpty'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ test_expect_success \
      git add f &&
      git commit -q -m. f &&
      printf "\ny\n" > f &&
-     git config --bool diff.suppress-blank-empty true &&
+     git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty true &&
      git diff f > actual &&
      test_cmp exp actual &&
      perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^\$/ /" exp &&
-     git config --bool diff.suppress-blank-empty false &&
+     git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty false &&
      git diff f > actual &&
      test_cmp exp actual &&
-     git config --bool --unset diff.suppress-blank-empty &&
+     git config --bool --unset diff.suppressBlankEmpty &&
      git diff f > actual &&
      test_cmp exp actual
      '
diff --git a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
index 0b76e7c97..a3f0897a5 100755
--- a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
+++ b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup binary file with history' '
 	printf "\\0\\n" >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m one &&
-	printf "\\1\\n" >>file &&
+	printf "\\01\\n" >>file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m two
 '
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ cat >expect.typechange <<'EOF'
 -1
 diff --git a/file b/file
 new file mode 120000
-index ad8b3d2..67be421
+index 0000000..67be421
 --- /dev/null
 +++ b/file
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
diff --git a/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a894c6062
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='rewrite diff on binary file'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# We must be large enough to meet the MINIMUM_BREAK_SIZE
+# requirement.
+make_file() {
+	# common first line to help identify rewrite versus regular diff
+	printf "=\n" >file
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
+	do
+		for j in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+		do
+			for k in 1 2 3 4 5
+			do
+				printf "$1\n"
+			done
+		done
+	done >>file
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'create binary file with changes' '
+	make_file "\\0" &&
+	git add file &&
+	make_file "\\01"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'vanilla diff is binary' '
+	git diff >diff &&
+	grep "Binary files a/file and b/file differ" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff is binary' '
+	git diff -B >diff &&
+	grep "dissimilarity index" diff &&
+	grep "Binary files a/file and b/file differ" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff can show binary patch' '
+	git diff -B --binary >diff &&
+	grep "dissimilarity index" diff &&
+	grep "GIT binary patch" diff
+'
+
+{
+	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
+	cat <<'EOF'
+perl -e '$/ = undef; $_ = <>; s/./ord($&)/ge; print $_' < "$1"
+EOF
+} >dump
+chmod +x dump
+
+test_expect_success 'setup textconv' '
+	echo file diff=foo >.gitattributes &&
+	git config diff.foo.textconv "$PWD"/dump
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff respects textconv' '
+	git diff -B >diff &&
+	grep "dissimilarity index" diff &&
+	grep "^-61" diff &&
+	grep "^-0" diff
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh b/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e4e3e28fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4032-diff-inter-hunk-context.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff hunk fusing'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+f() {
+	echo $1
+	i=1
+	while test $i -le $2
+	do
+		echo $i
+		i=$(expr $i + 1)
+	done
+	echo $3
+}
+
+t() {
+	case $# in
+	4) hunks=$4; cmd="diff -U$3";;
+	5) hunks=$5; cmd="diff -U$3 --inter-hunk-context=$4";;
+	esac
+	label="$cmd, $1 common $2"
+	file=f$1
+	expected=expected.$file.$3.$hunks
+
+	if ! test -f $file
+	then
+		f A $1 B >$file
+		git add $file
+		git commit -q -m. $file
+		f X $1 Y >$file
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success "$label: count hunks ($hunks)" "
+		test $(git $cmd $file | grep '^@@ ' | wc -l) = $hunks
+	"
+
+	test -f $expected &&
+	test_expect_success "$label: check output" "
+		git $cmd $file | grep -v '^index ' >actual &&
+		test_cmp $expected actual
+	"
+}
+
+cat <<EOF >expected.f1.0.1 || exit 1
+diff --git a/f1 b/f1
+--- a/f1
++++ b/f1
+@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+-A
++X
+ 1
+-B
++Y
+EOF
+
+cat <<EOF >expected.f1.0.2 || exit 1
+diff --git a/f1 b/f1
+--- a/f1
++++ b/f1
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-A
++X
+@@ -3 +3 @@ A
+-B
++Y
+EOF
+
+# common lines	ctx	intrctx	hunks
+t 1 line	0		2
+t 1 line	0	0	2
+t 1 line	0	1	1
+t 1 line	0	2	1
+t 1 line	1		1
+
+t 2 lines	0		2
+t 2 lines	0	0	2
+t 2 lines	0	1	2
+t 2 lines	0	2	1
+t 2 lines	1		1
+
+t 3 lines	1		2
+t 3 lines	1	0	2
+t 3 lines	1	1	1
+t 3 lines	1	2	1
+
+t 9 lines	3		2
+t 9 lines	3	2	2
+t 9 lines	3	3	1
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh b/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1eb14989d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4033-diff-patience.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='patience diff algorithm'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >file1 <<\EOF
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+// Frobs foo heartily
+int frobnitz(int foo)
+{
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+    {
+        printf("Your answer is: ");
+        printf("%d\n", foo);
+    }
+}
+
+int fact(int n)
+{
+    if(n > 1)
+    {
+        return fact(n-1) * n;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    frobnitz(fact(10));
+}
+EOF
+
+cat >file2 <<\EOF
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int fib(int n)
+{
+    if(n > 2)
+    {
+        return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+// Frobs foo heartily
+int frobnitz(int foo)
+{
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+    {
+        printf("%d\n", foo);
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    frobnitz(fib(10));
+}
+EOF
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+diff --git a/file1 b/file2
+index 6faa5a3..e3af329 100644
+--- a/file1
++++ b/file2
+@@ -1,26 +1,25 @@
+ #include <stdio.h>
+ 
++int fib(int n)
++{
++    if(n > 2)
++    {
++        return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
++    }
++    return 1;
++}
++
+ // Frobs foo heartily
+ int frobnitz(int foo)
+ {
+     int i;
+     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+     {
+-        printf("Your answer is: ");
+         printf("%d\n", foo);
+     }
+ }
+ 
+-int fact(int n)
+-{
+-    if(n > 1)
+-    {
+-        return fact(n-1) * n;
+-    }
+-    return 1;
+-}
+-
+ int main(int argc, char **argv)
+ {
+-    frobnitz(fact(10));
++    frobnitz(fib(10));
+ }
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'patience diff' '
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index --patience file1 file2 > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patience diff output is valid' '
+
+	mv file2 expect &&
+	git apply < output &&
+	test_cmp expect file2
+
+'
+
+cat >uniq1 <<\EOF
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+EOF
+
+cat >uniq2 <<\EOF
+a
+b
+c
+d
+e
+f
+EOF
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+diff --git a/uniq1 b/uniq2
+index b414108..0fdf397 100644
+--- a/uniq1
++++ b/uniq2
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+-1
+-2
+-3
+-4
+-5
+-6
++a
++b
++c
++d
++e
++f
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'completely different files' '
+
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index --patience uniq1 uniq2 > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1c21276c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='word diff colors'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	git config diff.color.old red
+	git config diff.color.new green
+	git config diff.color.func magenta
+
+'
+
+decrypt_color () {
+	sed \
+		-e 's/.\[1m/<WHITE>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[31m/<RED>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[32m/<GREEN>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[35m/<MAGENTA>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[36m/<BROWN>/g' \
+		-e 's/.\[m/<RESET>/g'
+}
+
+word_diff () {
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index "$@" pre post > output &&
+	decrypt_color < output > output.decrypted &&
+	test_cmp expect output.decrypted
+}
+
+cat > pre <<\EOF
+h(4)
+
+a = b + c
+EOF
+
+cat > post <<\EOF
+h(4),hh[44]
+
+a = b + c
+
+aa = a
+
+aeff = aeff * ( aaa )
+EOF
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+<RED>h(4)<RESET><GREEN>h(4),hh[44]<RESET>
+
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'word diff with runs of whitespace' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words
+
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+<RED>h(4)<RESET><GREEN>h(4),hh[44]<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@<RESET> <RESET><MAGENTA>a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'word diff without context' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words --unified=0
+
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+h(4),<GREEN>hh<RESET>[44]
+
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
+EOF
+cp expect expect.letter-runs-are-words
+
+test_expect_success 'word diff with a regular expression' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set a diff driver' '
+	git config diff.testdriver.wordRegex "[^[:space:]]" &&
+	cat <<EOF > .gitattributes
+pre diff=testdriver
+post diff=testdriver
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'option overrides .gitattributes' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
+
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+h(4)<GREEN>,hh[44]<RESET>
+
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa )<RESET>
+EOF
+cp expect expect.non-whitespace-is-word
+
+test_expect_success 'use regex supplied by driver' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set diff.wordRegex option' '
+	git config diff.wordRegex "[[:alnum:]]+"
+'
+
+cp expect.letter-runs-are-words expect
+
+test_expect_success 'command-line overrides config' '
+	word_diff --color-words="[a-z]+"
+'
+
+cp expect.non-whitespace-is-word expect
+
+test_expect_success '.gitattributes override config' '
+	word_diff --color-words
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove diff driver regex' '
+	git config --unset diff.testdriver.wordRegex
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 330b04f..5ed8eff 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@<RESET>
+h(4),<GREEN>hh[44<RESET>]
+
+a = b + c<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aa = a<RESET>
+
+<GREEN>aeff = aeff * ( aaa<RESET> )
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'use configured regex' '
+	word_diff --color-words
+'
+
+echo 'aaa (aaa)' > pre
+echo 'aaa (aaa) aaa' > post
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index c29453b..be22f37 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+aaa (aaa) <GREEN>aaa<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test parsing words for newline' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words="a+"
+
+
+'
+
+echo '(:' > pre
+echo '(' > post
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+<WHITE>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<WHITE>index 289cb9d..2d06f37 100644<RESET>
+<WHITE>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<WHITE>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<BROWN>@@ -1 +1 @@<RESET>
+(<RED>:<RESET>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test when words are only removed at the end' '
+
+	word_diff --color-words=.
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4017-quiet.sh b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
index e747e8422..e747e8422 100755
--- a/t/t4017-quiet.sh
+++ b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
diff --git a/t/t4021-format-patch-signer-mime.sh b/t/t4036-format-patch-signer-mime.sh
index ba43f1854..ba43f1854 100755
--- a/t/t4021-format-patch-signer-mime.sh
+++ b/t/t4036-format-patch-signer-mime.sh
diff --git a/t/t4037-diff-r-t-dirs.sh b/t/t4037-diff-r-t-dirs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f5ce3b29a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4037-diff-r-t-dirs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff -r -t shows directory additions and deletions'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir dc dr dt &&
+	>dc/1 &&
+	>dr/2 &&
+	>dt/3 &&
+	>fc &&
+	>fr &&
+	>ft &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	rm -fr dt dr ft fr &&
+	mkdir da ft &&
+	for p in dc/1 da/4 dt ft/5 fc
+	do
+		echo hello >$p || exit
+	done &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git add . &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A	da
+A	da/4
+M	dc
+M	dc/1
+D	dr
+D	dr/2
+A	dt
+D	dt
+D	dt/3
+M	fc
+D	fr
+D	ft
+A	ft
+A	ft/5
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success verify '
+	git diff-tree -r -t --name-status HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2cf7e01ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4038-diff-combined.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='combined diff'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+setup_helper () {
+	one=$1 branch=$2 side=$3 &&
+
+	git branch $side $branch &&
+	for l in $one two three fyra
+	do
+		echo $l
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m $branch &&
+	git checkout $side &&
+	for l in $one two three quatro
+	do
+		echo $l
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m $side &&
+	test_must_fail git merge $branch &&
+	for l in $one three four
+	do
+		echo $l
+	done >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "merge $branch into $side"
+}
+
+verify_helper () {
+	it=$1 &&
+
+	# Ignore lines that were removed only from the other parent
+	sed -e '
+		1,/^@@@/d
+		/^ -/d
+		s/^\(.\)./\1/
+	' "$it" >"$it.actual.1" &&
+	sed -e '
+		1,/^@@@/d
+		/^- /d
+		s/^.\(.\)/\1/
+	' "$it" >"$it.actual.2" &&
+
+	git diff "$it^" "$it" -- | sed -e '1,/^@@/d' >"$it.expect.1" &&
+	test_cmp "$it.expect.1" "$it.actual.1" &&
+
+	git diff "$it^2" "$it" -- | sed -e '1,/^@@/d' >"$it.expect.2" &&
+	test_cmp "$it.expect.2" "$it.actual.2"
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	git branch withone &&
+	git branch sansone &&
+
+	git checkout withone &&
+	setup_helper one withone sidewithone &&
+
+	git checkout sansone &&
+	setup_helper "" sansone sidesansone
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check combined output (1)' '
+	git show sidewithone -- >sidewithone &&
+	verify_helper sidewithone
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check combined output (2)' '
+	git show sidesansone -- >sidesansone &&
+	verify_helper sidesansone
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4039-diff-assume-unchanged.sh b/t/t4039-diff-assume-unchanged.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9d9498bd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4039-diff-assume-unchanged.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff with assume-unchanged entries'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# external diff has been tested in t4020-diff-external.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo zero > zero &&
+	git add zero &&
+	git commit -m zero &&
+	echo one > one &&
+	echo two > two &&
+	git add one two &&
+	git commit -m onetwo &&
+	git update-index --assume-unchanged one &&
+	echo borked >> one &&
+	test "$(git ls-files -v one)" = "h one"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index does not examine assume-unchanged entries' '
+	git diff-index HEAD^ -- one | grep -q 5626abf0f72e58d7a153368ba57db4c673c0e171
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-files does not examine assume-unchanged entries' '
+	rm one &&
+	test -z "$(git diff-files -- one)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4041-diff-submodule.sh b/t/t4041-diff-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5bb4fed3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4041-diff-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Jens Lehmann, based on t7401 by Ping Yin
+#
+
+test_description='Support for verbose submodule differences in git diff
+
+This test tries to verify the sanity of the --submodule option of git diff.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+add_file () {
+	sm=$1
+	shift
+	owd=$(pwd)
+	cd "$sm"
+	for name; do
+		echo "$name" > "$name" &&
+		git add "$name" &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "Add $name"
+	done >/dev/null
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7
+	cd "$owd"
+}
+commit_file () {
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit "$@" -m "Commit $*" >/dev/null
+}
+
+test_create_repo sm1 &&
+add_file . foo >/dev/null
+
+head1=$(add_file sm1 foo1 foo2)
+
+test_expect_success 'added submodule' "
+	git add sm1 &&
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 0000000...$head1 (new submodule)
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+head2=$(add_file sm1 foo3)
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+  > Add foo3
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
+	git diff --submodule=log >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+  > Add foo3
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule' "
+	git diff --submodule >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+  > Add foo3
+EOF
+"
+
+fullhead1=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head1)
+fullhead2=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head2)
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule=short' "
+	git diff --submodule=short >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+index $head1..$head2 160000
+--- a/sm1
++++ b/sm1
+@@ -1 +1 @@
+-Subproject commit $fullhead1
++Subproject commit $fullhead2
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+cd sm1 &&
+git reset --hard HEAD~2 >/dev/null &&
+head3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7) &&
+cd ..
+
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward)' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head2..$head3 (rewind):
+  < Add foo3
+  < Add foo2
+EOF
+"
+
+head4=$(add_file sm1 foo4 foo5) &&
+head4_full=$(GIT_DIR=sm1/.git git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward and forward)' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head2...$head4:
+  > Add foo5
+  > Add foo4
+  < Add foo3
+  < Add foo2
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+mv sm1 sm1-bak &&
+echo sm1 >sm1 &&
+head5=$(git hash-object sm1 | cut -c1-7) &&
+git add sm1 &&
+rm -f sm1 &&
+mv sm1-bak sm1
+
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' "
+	git diff --submodule=log --cached >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 41fbea9...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..9da5fb8
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/sm1
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++sm1
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
+	git diff --submodule=log >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+deleted file mode 100644
+index 9da5fb8..0000000
+--- a/sm1
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-sm1
+Submodule sm1 0000000...$head4 (new submodule)
+EOF
+"
+
+rm -rf sm1 &&
+git checkout-index sm1
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head4...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..$head5
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/sm1
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++sm1
+EOF
+"
+
+rm -f sm1 &&
+test_create_repo sm1 &&
+head6=$(add_file sm1 foo6 foo7)
+fullhead6=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head6)
+test_expect_success 'nonexistent commit' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head4...$head6 (commits not present)
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+deleted file mode 100644
+index $head5..0000000
+--- a/sm1
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-sm1
+Submodule sm1 0000000...$head6 (new submodule)
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm1 &&
+rm -rf sm1
+test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+EOF
+"
+
+test_create_repo sm2 &&
+head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
+git add sm2
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'path filter' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD sm2 >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+EOF
+"
+
+commit_file sm2
+test_expect_success 'given commit' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD^ >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule HEAD^ >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+EOF
+"
+
+fullhead7=$(cd sm2; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head7)
+
+test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule=short' "
+	git diff-index -p --submodule=short HEAD^ >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+deleted file mode 160000
+index $head6..0000000
+--- a/sm1
++++ /dev/null
+@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+-Subproject commit $fullhead6
+diff --git a/sm2 b/sm2
+new file mode 160000
+index 0000000..$head7
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/sm2
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++Subproject commit $fullhead7
+EOF
+"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh b/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh
index d42abff1a..159796524 100755
--- a/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t4102-apply-rename.sh
@@ -31,14 +31,16 @@ test_expect_success setup \
 test_expect_success apply \
     'git apply --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch'
 
-if [ "$(git config --get core.filemode)" = false ]
+if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
 then
 	say 'filemode disabled on the filesystem'
 else
-	test_expect_success validate \
-	    'test -f bar && ls -l bar | grep "^-..x......"'
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
 fi
 
+test_expect_success FILEMODE validate \
+	    'test -f bar && ls -l bar | grep "^-..x......"'
+
 test_expect_success 'apply reverse' \
     'git apply -R --index --stat --summary --apply test-patch &&
      test "$(cat foo)" = "This is foo"'
diff --git a/t/t4106-apply-stdin.sh b/t/t4106-apply-stdin.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..72467a1e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4106-apply-stdin.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git apply --numstat - <patch'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo hello >text &&
+	git add text &&
+	echo goodbye >text &&
+	git diff >patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git apply --numstat - < patch' '
+	echo "1	1	text" >expect &&
+	git apply --numstat - <patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git apply --numstat - < patch patch' '
+	for i in 1 2; do echo "1	1	text"; done >expect &&
+	git apply --numstat - < patch patch >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4107-apply-ignore-whitespace.sh b/t/t4107-apply-ignore-whitespace.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b04fc8fc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4107-apply-ignore-whitespace.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Giuseppe Bilotta
+#
+
+test_description='git-apply --ignore-whitespace.
+
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# This primes main.c file that indents without using HT at all.
+# Various patches with HT and other spaces are attempted in the test.
+
+cat > patch1.patch <<\EOF
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+new file mode 100644
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
++#include <stdio.h>
++
++void print_int(int num);
++int func(int num);
++
++int main() {
++       int i;
++
++       for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
++               print_int(func(i)); /* stuff */
++       }
++
++       return 0;
++}
++
++int func(int num) {
++       return num * num;
++}
++
++void print_int(int num) {
++       printf("%d", num);
++}
+EOF
+
+# Since whitespace is very significant and we want to prevent whitespace
+# mangling when creating this test from a patch, we protect 'fixable'
+# whitespace by replacing spaces with Z and replacing them at patch
+# creation time, hence the sed trick.
+
+# This patch will fail unless whitespace differences are being ignored
+
+sed -e 's/Z/ /g' > patch2.patch <<\EOF
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+--- a/main.c
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
+Z		print_int(func(i)); /* stuff */
+Z	}
+Z
++	printf("\n");
++
+Z	return 0;
+Z}
+Z
+EOF
+
+# This patch will fail even if whitespace differences are being ignored,
+# because of the missing string at EOL. TODO: this testcase should be
+# improved by creating a line that has the same hash with and without
+# the final string.
+
+sed -e 's/Z/ /g' > patch3.patch <<\EOF
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+--- a/main.c
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@
+Z	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+Z		print_int(func(i));Z
++		/* stuff */
+Z	}
+EOF
+
+# This patch will fail even if whitespace differences are being ignored,
+# because of the missing EOL at EOF.
+
+sed -e 's/Z/ /g' > patch4.patch <<\EOF
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+--- a/main.c
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -21,1 +21,1 @@
+-	};Z
+\ No newline at end of file
++	};
+EOF
+
+# This patch will fail unless whitespace differences are being ignored.
+
+sed -e 's/Z/ /g' > patch5.patch <<\EOF
+diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
+--- a/main.c
++++ b/main.c
+@@ -2,2 +2,3 @@
+Z	void print_int(int num);
++	/* a comment */
+Z	int func(int num);
+EOF
+
+# And this is how the final output should be.  Patches introduce
+# HTs but the original SP indents are mostly kept.
+
+sed -e 's/T/	/g' > main.c.final <<\EOF
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+void print_int(int num);
+T/* a comment */
+int func(int num);
+
+int main() {
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+               print_int(func(i)); /* stuff */
+       }
+
+Tprintf("\n");
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int func(int num) {
+       return num * num;
+}
+
+void print_int(int num) {
+       printf("%d", num);
+}
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'file creation' '
+	git apply patch1.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch2 fails (retab)' '
+	test_must_fail git apply patch2.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch2 applies with --ignore-whitespace' '
+	git apply --ignore-whitespace patch2.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch2 reverse applies with --ignore-space-change' '
+	git apply -R --ignore-space-change patch2.patch
+'
+
+git config apply.ignorewhitespace change
+
+test_expect_success 'patch2 applies (apply.ignorewhitespace = change)' '
+	git apply patch2.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch3 fails (missing string at EOL)' '
+	test_must_fail git apply patch3.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch4 fails (missing EOL at EOF)' '
+	test_must_fail git apply patch4.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch5 applies (leading whitespace)' '
+	git apply patch5.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patches do not mangle whitespace' '
+	test_cmp main.c main.c.final
+'
+
+test_expect_success 're-create file (with --ignore-whitespace)' '
+	rm -f main.c &&
+	git apply patch1.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch5 fails (--no-ignore-whitespace)' '
+	test_must_fail git apply --no-ignore-whitespace patch5.patch
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh b/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
index 55334927a..99ec13dd5 100755
--- a/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
+++ b/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,12 @@ test_description='git apply should not get confused with type changes.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success 'setup repository and commits' '
 	echo "hello world" > foo &&
 	echo "hi planet" > bar &&
@@ -25,6 +31,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repository and commits' '
 	git update-index foo &&
 	git commit -m "foo back to file" &&
 	git branch foo-back-to-file &&
+	printf "\0" > foo &&
+	git update-index foo &&
+	git commit -m "foo becomes binary" &&
+	git branch foo-becomes-binary &&
 	rm -f foo &&
 	git update-index --remove foo &&
 	mkdir foo &&
@@ -85,6 +95,20 @@ test_expect_success 'symlink becomes file' '
 	'
 test_debug 'cat patch'
 
+test_expect_success 'binary file becomes symlink' '
+	git checkout -f foo-becomes-binary &&
+	git diff-tree -p --binary HEAD foo-symlinked-to-bar > patch &&
+	git apply --index < patch
+	'
+test_debug 'cat patch'
+
+test_expect_success 'symlink becomes binary file' '
+	git checkout -f foo-symlinked-to-bar &&
+	git diff-tree -p --binary HEAD foo-becomes-binary > patch &&
+	git apply --index < patch
+	'
+test_debug 'cat patch'
+
 
 test_expect_success 'symlink becomes directory' '
 	git checkout -f foo-symlinked-to-bar &&
diff --git a/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh b/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh
index 9ace578f1..b852e5898 100755
--- a/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4115-apply-symlink.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,12 @@ test_description='git apply symlinks and partial files
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	ln -s path1/path2/path3/path4/path5 link1 &&
diff --git a/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh b/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh
index f92e259cc..65f2e4c3e 100755
--- a/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh
+++ b/t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		cat file1 &&
 		echo Q | tr -d "\\012"
 	} >file2 &&
-	cat file2 >file2.orig
+	cat file2 >file2.orig &&
 	git add file1 file2 &&
 	sed -e "/^B/d" <file1.orig >file1 &&
-	sed -e "/^[BQ]/d" <file2.orig >file2 &&
+	cat file1 > file2 &&
 	echo Q | tr -d "\\012" >>file2 &&
 	cat file1 >file1.mods &&
 	cat file2 >file2.mods &&
diff --git a/t/t4122-apply-symlink-inside.sh b/t/t4122-apply-symlink-inside.sh
index 841773f75..0d3c1d5dd 100755
--- a/t/t4122-apply-symlink-inside.sh
+++ b/t/t4122-apply-symlink-inside.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,12 @@
 test_description='apply to deeper directory without getting fooled with symlink'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 lecho () {
 	for l_
 	do
diff --git a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
index f83322e51..ca2639759 100755
--- a/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
+++ b/t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh
@@ -148,4 +148,117 @@ do
 	done
 done
 
+create_patch () {
+	sed -e "s/_/ /" <<-\EOF
+		diff --git a/target b/target
+		index e69de29..8bd6648 100644
+		--- a/target
+		+++ b/target
+		@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+		+An empty line follows
+		+
+		+A line with trailing whitespace and no newline_
+		\ No newline at end of file
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'trailing whitespace & no newline at the end of file' '
+	>target &&
+	create_patch >patch-file &&
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch-file &&
+	grep "newline$" target &&
+	grep "^$" target
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (1)' '
+	: these can fail depending on what we did before
+	git config --unset core.whitespace
+	rm -f .gitattributes
+
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >expect &&
+	{ cat expect; echo; } >one &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+
+	git checkout one &&
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch &&
+	test_cmp expect one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (2)' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	{ echo a; echo c; } >expect &&
+	{ cat expect; echo; echo; } >one &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+
+	git checkout one &&
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch &&
+	test_cmp expect one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (3)' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo; } >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	{ echo a; echo c; echo; } >expect &&
+	{ cat expect; echo; echo; } >one &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+
+	git checkout one &&
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch &&
+	test_cmp expect one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blank at end of hunk, not at EOF with --whitespace=fix' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo d; } >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	{ echo a; echo c; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo d; } >expect &&
+	cp expect one &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+
+	git checkout one &&
+	git apply --whitespace=fix patch &&
+	test_cmp expect one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=warn' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	echo >>one &&
+	cat one >expect &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+
+	git checkout one &&
+	git apply --whitespace=warn patch 2>error &&
+	test_cmp expect one &&
+	grep "new blank line at EOF" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=error' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	cat one >expect &&
+	echo >>one &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+
+	git checkout one &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --whitespace=error patch 2>error &&
+	test_cmp expect one &&
+	grep "new blank line at EOF" error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blank but not empty at EOF' '
+	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	echo "   " >>one &&
+	cat one >expect &&
+	git diff -- one >patch &&
+
+	git checkout one &&
+	git apply --whitespace=warn patch 2>error &&
+	test_cmp expect one &&
+	grep "new blank line at EOF" error
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4128-apply-root.sh b/t/t4128-apply-root.sh
index 8f6aea48d..6cc741a63 100755
--- a/t/t4128-apply-root.sh
+++ b/t/t4128-apply-root.sh
@@ -58,6 +58,23 @@ test_expect_success 'apply --directory (new file)' '
 '
 
 cat > patch << EOF
+diff --git a/c/newfile2 b/c/newfile2
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..d95f3ad
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/c/newfile2
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --directory -p (new file)' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git apply -p2 --directory=some/sub/dir/ --index patch &&
+	test content = $(git show :some/sub/dir/newfile2) &&
+	test content = $(cat some/sub/dir/newfile2)
+'
+
+cat > patch << EOF
 diff --git a/delfile b/delfile
 deleted file mode 100644
 index d95f3ad..0000000
diff --git a/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh b/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fc7af0493
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4129-apply-samemode.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='applying patch with mode bits'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
+then
+	say 'filemode disabled on the filesystem'
+else
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo original >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	echo modified >file &&
+	git diff --stat -p >patch-0.txt &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git diff --stat -p >patch-1.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'same mode (no index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git apply patch-0.txt &&
+	test -x file
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'same mode (with index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git apply --index patch-0.txt &&
+	test -x file &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'same mode (index only)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git apply --cached patch-0.txt &&
+	git ls-files -s file | grep "^100755"
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'mode update (no index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply patch-1.txt &&
+	test -x file
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'mode update (with index)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply --index patch-1.txt &&
+	test -x file &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'mode update (index only)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply --cached patch-1.txt &&
+	git ls-files -s file | grep "^100755"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7cfa2d628
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4130-apply-criss-cross-rename.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git apply handling criss-cross rename patch.'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+create_file() {
+	cnt=0
+	while test $cnt -le 100
+	do
+		cnt=$(($cnt + 1))
+		echo "$2" >> "$1"
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	create_file file1 "File1 contents" &&
+	create_file file2 "File2 contents" &&
+	create_file file3 "File3 contents" &&
+	git add file1 file2 file3 &&
+	git commit -m 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'criss-cross rename' '
+	mv file1 tmp &&
+	mv file2 file1 &&
+	mv tmp file2 &&
+	cp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	cp file2 file2-swapped
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff -M -B' '
+	git diff -M -B > diff &&
+	git reset --hard
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply' '
+	git apply diff &&
+	test_cmp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	test_cmp file2 file2-swapped
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'criss-cross rename' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	mv file1 tmp &&
+	mv file2 file1 &&
+	mv file3 file2
+	mv tmp file3 &&
+	cp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	cp file2 file2-swapped &&
+	cp file3 file3-swapped
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff -M -B' '
+	git diff -M -B > diff &&
+	git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply' '
+	git apply diff &&
+	test_cmp file1 file1-swapped &&
+	test_cmp file2 file2-swapped &&
+	test_cmp file3 file3-swapped
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh b/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..94373ca9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Stephen Boyd
+#
+
+test_description='git apply --build-fake-ancestor handling.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit 1 &&
+	test_commit 2 &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	test_commit 3 sub/3 &&
+	test_commit 4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --build-fake-ancestor' '
+	git checkout 2 &&
+	echo "A" > 1.t &&
+	git diff > 1.patch &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout 1 &&
+	git apply --build-fake-ancestor 1.ancestor 1.patch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --build-fake-ancestor in a subdirectory' '
+	git checkout 3 &&
+	echo "C" > sub/3.t &&
+	git diff > 3.patch &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout 4 &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git apply --build-fake-ancestor 3.ancestor ../3.patch &&
+		test -f 3.ancestor
+	) &&
+	git apply --build-fake-ancestor 3.ancestor 3.patch &&
+	test_cmp sub/3.ancestor 3.ancestor
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh b/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bb1ffe3b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4132-apply-removal.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Junio C Hamano
+
+test_description='git-apply notices removal patches generated by GNU diff'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	cat <<-EOF >c &&
+	diff -ruN a/file b/file
+	--- a/file	TS0
+	+++ b/file	TS1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+something
+	EOF
+
+	cat <<-EOF >d &&
+	diff -ruN a/file b/file
+	--- a/file	TS0
+	+++ b/file	TS1
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-something
+	EOF
+
+	timeWest="1982-09-16 07:00:00.000000000 -0800" &&
+	 timeGMT="1982-09-16 15:00:00.000000000 +0000" &&
+	timeEast="1982-09-17 00:00:00.000000000 +0900" &&
+
+	epocWest="1969-12-31 16:00:00.000000000 -0800" &&
+	 epocGMT="1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000" &&
+	epocEast="1970-01-01 09:00:00.000000000 +0900" &&
+
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$epocWest/" -e "s/TS1/$timeWest/" <c >createWest.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$epocEast/" -e "s/TS1/$timeEast/" <c >createEast.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$epocGMT/" -e "s/TS1/$timeGMT/" <c >createGMT.patch &&
+
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeWest/" -e "s/TS1/$timeWest/" <c >addWest.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeEast/" -e "s/TS1/$timeEast/" <c >addEast.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeGMT/" -e "s/TS1/$timeGMT/" <c >addGMT.patch &&
+
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeWest/" -e "s/TS1/$timeWest/" <d >emptyWest.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeEast/" -e "s/TS1/$timeEast/" <d >emptyEast.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeGMT/" -e "s/TS1/$timeGMT/" <d >emptyGMT.patch &&
+
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeWest/" -e "s/TS1/$epocWest/" <d >removeWest.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeEast/" -e "s/TS1/$epocEast/" <d >removeEast.patch &&
+	sed -e "s/TS0/$timeGMT/" -e "s/TS1/$epocGMT/" <d >removeGMT.patch &&
+
+	echo something >something &&
+	>empty
+'
+
+for patch in *.patch
+do
+	test_expect_success "test $patch" '
+		rm -f file .git/index &&
+		case "$patch" in
+		create*)
+			# must be able to create
+			git apply --index $patch &&
+			test_cmp file something &&
+			# must notice the file is already there
+			>file &&
+			git add file &&
+			test_must_fail git apply $patch
+			;;
+		add*)
+			# must be able to create or patch
+			git apply $patch &&
+			test_cmp file something &&
+			>file &&
+			git apply $patch &&
+			test_cmp file something
+			;;
+		empty*)
+			# must leave an empty file
+			cat something >file &&
+			git add file &&
+			git apply --index $patch &&
+			test -f file &&
+			test_cmp empty file
+			;;
+		remove*)
+			# must remove the file
+			cat something >file &&
+			git add file &&
+			git apply --index $patch &&
+			! test -f file
+			;;
+		esac
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4150-am.sh b/t/t4150-am.sh
index 796f79526..829660523 100755
--- a/t/t4150-am.sh
+++ b/t/t4150-am.sh
@@ -77,6 +77,12 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git commit -s -F msg &&
 	git tag second &&
 	git format-patch --stdout first >patch1 &&
+	{
+		echo "X-Fake-Field: Line One" &&
+		echo "X-Fake-Field: Line Two" &&
+		echo "X-Fake-Field: Line Three" &&
+		git format-patch --stdout first | sed -e "1d"
+	} > patch1.eml &&
 	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -108,6 +114,15 @@ test_expect_success 'am applies patch correctly' '
 	test "$(git rev-parse second^)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am applies patch e-mail not in a mbox' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	git am patch1.eml &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	test -z "$(git diff second)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse second)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse second^)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^)"
+'
+
 GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Another Thor"
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="a.thor@example.com"
 GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Co M Miter"
@@ -180,6 +195,17 @@ test_expect_success 'am -3 falls back to 3-way merge' '
 	test -z "$(git diff lorem)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am -3 -q is quiet' '
+	git reset master2 --hard &&
+	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
+	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "copied stuff" &&
+	git am -3 -q lorem-move.patch > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	! test -s output.out
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am pauses on conflict' '
 	git checkout lorem2^^ &&
 	test_must_fail git am lorem-move.patch &&
@@ -257,4 +283,67 @@ test_expect_success 'am works from file (absolute path given) in subdirectory' '
 	test -z "$(git diff second)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am --committer-date-is-author-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am --committer-date-is-author-date patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	ct=$(sed -ne "/^committer /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	test "$at" = "$ct"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am without --committer-date-is-author-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	ct=$(sed -ne "/^committer /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	test "$at" != "$ct"
+'
+
+# This checks for +0000 because TZ is set to UTC and that should
+# show up when the current time is used. The date in message is set
+# by test_tick that uses -0700 timezone; if this feature does not
+# work, we will see that instead of +0000.
+test_expect_success 'am --ignore-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am --ignore-date patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	echo "$at" | grep "+0000"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am into an unborn branch' '
+	rm -fr subdir &&
+	mkdir -p subdir &&
+	git format-patch --numbered-files -o subdir -1 first &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		git init &&
+		git am 1
+	) &&
+	result=$(
+		cd subdir && git rev-parse HEAD^{tree}
+	) &&
+	test "z$result" = "z$(git rev-parse first^{tree})"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am newline in subject' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	sed -e "s/second/second \\\n foo/" patch1 > patchnl &&
+	git am < patchnl > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	grep "^Applying: second \\\n foo$" output.out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am -q is quiet' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am -q < patch1 > output.out 2>&1 &&
+	! test -s output.out
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4200-rerere.sh b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
index b68ab11f2..a6bc028a5 100755
--- a/t/t4200-rerere.sh
+++ b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ test_expect_success 'conflicting merge' '
 	test_must_fail git merge first
 '
 
-sha1=$(sed -e 's/	.*//' .git/MERGE_RR)
+sha1=$(perl -pe 's/	.*//' .git/MERGE_RR)
 rr=.git/rr-cache/$sha1
 test_expect_success 'recorded preimage' "grep ^=======$ $rr/preimage"
 
@@ -190,8 +190,6 @@ test_expect_success 'file2 added differently in two branches' '
 	git add file2 &&
 	git commit -m version2 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge fourth &&
-	sha1=$(sed -e "s/	.*//" .git/MERGE_RR) &&
-	rr=.git/rr-cache/$sha1 &&
 	echo Cello > file2 &&
 	git add file2 &&
 	git commit -m resolution
diff --git a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
index 405b97119..a01e55bf6 100755
--- a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
+++ b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
@@ -52,4 +52,32 @@ GIT_DIR=non-existing git shortlog -w < log > out
 
 test_expect_success 'shortlog from non-git directory' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
+iconvfromutf8toiso88591() {
+	printf "%s" "$*" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO8859-1
+}
+
+DSCHO="Jöhännës \"Dschö\" Schindëlin"
+DSCHOE="$DSCHO <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>"
+MSG1="set a1 to 2 and some non-ASCII chars: Äßø"
+MSG2="set a1 to 3 and some non-ASCII chars: áæï"
+cat > expect << EOF
+$DSCHO (2):
+      $MSG1
+      $MSG2
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'shortlog encoding' '
+	git reset --hard "$commit" &&
+	git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
+	echo 2 > a1 &&
+	git commit --quiet -m "$MSG1" --author="$DSCHOE" a1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding "ISO8859-1" &&
+	echo 3 > a1 &&
+	git commit --quiet -m "$(iconvfromutf8toiso88591 "$MSG2")" \
+		--author="$(iconvfromutf8toiso88591 "$DSCHOE")" a1 &&
+	git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
+	git shortlog HEAD~2.. > out &&
+test_cmp expect out'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4202-log.sh b/t/t4202-log.sh
index 0ab925c4e..779a5adf5 100755
--- a/t/t4202-log.sh
+++ b/t/t4202-log.sh
@@ -16,27 +16,92 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m second &&
 
-	mkdir a &&
-	echo ni >a/two &&
-	git add a/two &&
+	git mv one ichi &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m third &&
 
-	echo san >a/three &&
-	git add a/three &&
+	cp ichi ein &&
+	git add ein &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m fourth &&
 
-	git rm a/three &&
+	mkdir a &&
+	echo ni >a/two &&
+	git add a/two &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m fifth  &&
+
+	git rm a/two &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m fifth
+	git commit -m sixth
+
+'
+
+printf "sixth\nfifth\nfourth\nthird\nsecond\ninitial" > expect
+test_expect_success 'pretty' '
+
+	git log --pretty="format:%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+printf "sixth\nfifth\nfourth\nthird\nsecond\ninitial\n" > expect
+test_expect_success 'pretty (tformat)' '
+
+	git log --pretty="tformat:%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pretty (shortcut)' '
+
+	git log --pretty="%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format' '
 
+	git log --format="%s" > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+ This is
+  the sixth
+  commit.
+ This is
+  the fifth
+  commit.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'format %w(12,1,2)' '
+
+	git log -2 --format="%w(12,1,2)This is the %s commit." > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format %w(,1,2)' '
+
+	git log -2 --format="%w(,1,2)This is%nthe %s%ncommit." > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+804a787 sixth
+394ef78 fifth
+5d31159 fourth
+2fbe8c0 third
+f7dab8e second
+3a2fdcb initial
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'oneline' '
+
+	git log --oneline > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'diff-filter=A' '
 
 	actual=$(git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=A HEAD) &&
-	expect=$(echo fourth ; echo third ; echo initial) &&
+	expect=$(echo fifth ; echo fourth ; echo third ; echo initial) &&
 	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
 		echo Oops
 		echo "Actual: $actual"
@@ -60,7 +125,19 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-filter=M' '
 test_expect_success 'diff-filter=D' '
 
 	actual=$(git log --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=D HEAD) &&
-	expect=$(echo fifth) &&
+	expect=$(echo sixth ; echo third) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-filter=R' '
+
+	actual=$(git log -M --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=R HEAD) &&
+	expect=$(echo third) &&
 	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
 		echo Oops
 		echo "Actual: $actual"
@@ -69,9 +146,54 @@ test_expect_success 'diff-filter=D' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'diff-filter=C' '
+
+	actual=$(git log -C -C --pretty="format:%s" --diff-filter=C HEAD) &&
+	expect=$(echo fourth) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git log --follow' '
+
+	actual=$(git log --follow --pretty="format:%s" ichi) &&
+	expect=$(echo third ; echo second ; echo initial) &&
+	test "$actual" = "$expect" || {
+		echo Oops
+		echo "Actual: $actual"
+		false
+	}
+
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+804a787 sixth
+394ef78 fifth
+5d31159 fourth
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git log --no-walk <commits> sorts by commit time' '
+	git log --no-walk --oneline 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+5d31159 fourth
+804a787 sixth
+394ef78 fifth
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'git show <commits> leaves list of commits as given' '
+	git show --oneline -s 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup case sensitivity tests' '
 	echo case >one &&
 	test_tick &&
+	git add one
 	git commit -a -m Second
 '
 
@@ -93,5 +215,177 @@ test_expect_success 'log --grep -i' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+cat > expect <<EOF
+* Second
+* sixth
+* fifth
+* fourth
+* third
+* second
+* initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'simple log --graph' '
+	git log --graph --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up merge history' '
+	git checkout -b side HEAD~4 &&
+	test_commit side-1 1 1 &&
+	test_commit side-2 2 2 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge side
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+*   Merge branch 'side'
+|\
+| * side-2
+| * side-1
+* | Second
+* | sixth
+* | fifth
+* | fourth
+|/
+* third
+* second
+* initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge' '
+	git log --graph --date-order --pretty=tformat:%s |
+		sed "s/ *$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+*   commit master
+|\  Merge: A B
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     Merge branch 'side'
+| |
+| * commit side
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     side-2
+| |
+| * commit tags/side-1
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     side-1
+| |
+* | commit master~1
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     Second
+| |
+* | commit master~2
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     sixth
+| |
+* | commit master~3
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     fifth
+| |
+* | commit master~4
+|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|       fourth
+|
+* commit tags/side-1~1
+| Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|     third
+|
+* commit tags/side-1~2
+| Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|     second
+|
+* commit tags/side-1~3
+  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+
+      initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with full output' '
+	git log --graph --date-order --pretty=short |
+		git name-rev --name-only --stdin |
+		sed "s/Merge:.*/Merge: A B/;s/ *$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up more tangled history' '
+	git checkout -b tangle HEAD~6 &&
+	test_commit tangle-a tangle-a a &&
+	git merge master~3 &&
+	git merge side~1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge tangle &&
+	git checkout -b reach &&
+	test_commit reach &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b octopus-a &&
+	test_commit octopus-a &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b octopus-b &&
+	test_commit octopus-b &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit seventh &&
+	git merge octopus-a octopus-b
+	git merge reach
+'
+
+cat > expect <<\EOF
+*   Merge commit 'reach'
+|\
+| \
+|  \
+*-. \   Merge commit 'octopus-a'; commit 'octopus-b'
+|\ \ \
+* | | | seventh
+| | * | octopus-b
+| |/ /
+|/| |
+| * | octopus-a
+|/ /
+| * reach
+|/
+*   Merge branch 'tangle'
+|\
+| *   Merge branch 'side' (early part) into tangle
+| |\
+| * \   Merge branch 'master' (early part) into tangle
+| |\ \
+| * | | tangle-a
+* | | |   Merge branch 'side'
+|\ \ \ \
+| * | | | side-2
+| | |_|/
+| |/| |
+| * | | side-1
+* | | | Second
+* | | | sixth
+| |_|/
+|/| |
+* | | fifth
+* | | fourth
+|/ /
+* | third
+|/
+* second
+* initial
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with merge' '
+	git log --graph --date-order --pretty=tformat:%s |
+		sed "s/ *$//" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9a7d1b446
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='.mailmap configurations'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo one >one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	echo two >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	git commit --author "nick1 <bugs@company.xx>" -m second
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A U Thor (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'No mailmap' '
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'default .mailmap' '
+	echo "Repo Guy <author@example.com>" > .mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Using a mailmap file in a subdirectory of the repo here, but
+# could just as well have been a file outside of the repository
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Internal Guy (1):
+      second
+
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file set' '
+	mkdir internal_mailmap &&
+	echo "Internal Guy <bugs@company.xx>" > internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git config mailmap.file internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+External Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+Internal Guy (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file override' '
+	echo "External Guy <author@example.com>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git config mailmap.file internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Repo Guy (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file non-existant' '
+	rm internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	rmdir internal_mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A U Thor (1):
+      initial
+
+nick1 (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'No mailmap files, but configured' '
+	rm .mailmap &&
+	git shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# Extended mailmap configurations should give us the following output for shortlog
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+A U Thor <author@example.com> (1):
+      initial
+
+CTO <cto@company.xx> (1):
+      seventh
+
+Other Author <other@author.xx> (2):
+      third
+      fourth
+
+Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> (2):
+      fifth
+      sixth
+
+Some Dude <some@dude.xx> (1):
+      second
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Shortlog output (complex mapping)' '
+	echo three >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "nick2 <bugs@company.xx>" -m third &&
+
+	echo four >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "nick2 <nick2@company.xx>" -m fourth &&
+
+	echo five >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "santa <me@company.xx>" -m fifth &&
+
+	echo six >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "claus <me@company.xx>" -m sixth &&
+
+	echo seven >>one &&
+	git add one &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --author "CTO <cto@coompany.xx>" -m seventh &&
+
+	mkdir internal_mailmap &&
+	echo "Committed <committer@example.com>" > internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "<cto@company.xx>                       <cto@coompany.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Some Dude <some@dude.xx>         nick1 <bugs@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Other Author <other@author.xx>   nick2 <bugs@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Other Author <other@author.xx>         <nick2@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> <me@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+	echo "Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx> <me@company.xx>" >> internal_mailmap/.mailmap &&
+
+	git shortlog -e HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+# git log with --pretty format which uses the name and email mailmap placemarkers
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author CTO <cto@coompany.xx> maps to CTO <cto@company.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author claus <me@company.xx> maps to Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author santa <me@company.xx> maps to Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author nick2 <nick2@company.xx> maps to Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author nick2 <bugs@company.xx> maps to Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author nick1 <bugs@company.xx> maps to Some Dude <some@dude.xx>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+
+Author A U Thor <author@example.com> maps to A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> maps to Committed <committer@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Log output (complex mapping)' '
+	git log --pretty=format:"Author %an <%ae> maps to %aN <%aE>%nCommitter %cn <%ce> maps to %cN <%cE>%n" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# git blame
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+^3a2fdcb (A U Thor     2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 1) one
+7de6f99b (Some Dude    2005-04-07 15:13:13 -0700 2) two
+5815879d (Other Author 2005-04-07 15:14:13 -0700 3) three
+ff859d96 (Other Author 2005-04-07 15:15:13 -0700 4) four
+5ab6d4fa (Santa Claus  2005-04-07 15:16:13 -0700 5) five
+38a42d8b (Santa Claus  2005-04-07 15:17:13 -0700 6) six
+8ddc0386 (CTO          2005-04-07 15:18:13 -0700 7) seven
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Blame output (complex mapping)' '
+	git blame one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4204-patch-id.sh b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..04f7bae85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4204-patch-id.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git patch-id'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit initial foo a &&
+	test_commit first foo b &&
+	git checkout -b same HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit same-msg foo b &&
+	git checkout -b notsame HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit notsame-msg foo c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-id output is well-formed' '
+	git log -p -1 | git patch-id > output &&
+	grep "^[a-f0-9]\{40\} $(git rev-parse HEAD)$" output
+'
+
+get_patch_id () {
+	git log -p -1 "$1" | git patch-id |
+		sed "s# .*##" > patch-id_"$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-id detects equality' '
+	get_patch_id master &&
+	get_patch_id same &&
+	test_cmp patch-id_master patch-id_same
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch-id detects inequality' '
+	get_patch_id master &&
+	get_patch_id notsame &&
+	! test_cmp patch-id_master patch-id_notsame
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4252-am-options.sh b/t/t4252-am-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f603c1b13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252-am-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git am with options and not losing them'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+tm="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4252"
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	cp "$tm/file-1-0" file-1 &&
+	cp "$tm/file-2-0" file-2 &&
+	git add file-1 file-2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am --whitespace=fix' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am --whitespace=fix "$tm"/am-test-1-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Six$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am -C1' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -C1 "$tm"/am-test-2-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Three$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am -p2' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -p2 "$tm"/am-test-3-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Three$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am -C1 -p2' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am -p2 -C1 "$tm"/am-test-4-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep 3 file-1 &&
+	grep "^Three$" file-2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'interrupted am --directory="frotz nitfol"' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am --directory="frotz nitfol" "$tm"/am-test-5-? &&
+	git am --skip &&
+	grep One "frotz nitfol/file-5"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply to a funny path' '
+	with_sq="with'\''sq"
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git am --directory="$with_sq" "$tm"/am-test-5-2 &&
+	test -f "$with_sq/file-5"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --reject' '
+	rm -rf .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	test_must_fail git am --reject "$tm"/am-test-6-1 &&
+	grep "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@" file-2.rej &&
+	test_must_fail git diff-files --exit-code --quiet file-2 &&
+	grep "[-]-reject" .git/rebase-apply/apply-opt
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-1-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-1-1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b0c09dc96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-1-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected because the first line in the
+context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/file-1 w/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/file-1
++++ w/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-1-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-1-2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b874ae11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-1-2
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with --whitespace=fix should lose 
+the trailing whitespace after "Six".
+
+diff --git i/file-2 w/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/file-2
++++ w/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six 
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-2-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-2-1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..feda94a0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-2-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected even with -C1 because the
+preimage line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/file-1 w/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/file-1
++++ w/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-Tres
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-2-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-2-2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ac660097
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-2-2
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with -C1 should be successful even though 
+the first line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/file-2 w/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/file-2
++++ w/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-3-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-3-1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..608e5abba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-3-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected even with -p2 because the
+preimage line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-1 w/junk/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/junk/file-1
++++ w/junk/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-Tres
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-3-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-3-2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0081b96f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-3-2
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with -p2 should be successful even though
+the patch is against a wrong level.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-2 w/junk/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/junk/file-2
++++ w/junk/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-4-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-4-1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e48cd6cbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-4-1
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Three
+
+Application of this should be rejected even with -C1 -p2 because
+the preimage line in the context does not match.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-1 w/junk/file-1
+index 06e567b..10f8342 100644
+--- i/junk/file-1
++++ w/junk/file-1
+@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+ 1
+ 2
+-Tres
++Three 
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-4-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-4-2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e69bfa55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-4-2
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with -C1 -p2 should be successful even though
+the patch is against a wrong level and the first context line does
+not match.
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-2 w/junk/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/junk/file-2
++++ w/junk/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-5-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-5-1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..da7bf29cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-5-1
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with --directory='frotz nitfol' should fail
+
+diff --git i/junk/file-2 w/junk/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/junk/file-2
++++ w/junk/file-2
+@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+ One
+ 2
+-3
++Three
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-5-2 b/t/t4252/am-test-5-2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..373025bcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-5-2
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Six
+
+Applying this patch with --directory='frotz nitfol' should succeed
+
+diff --git i/file-5 w/file-5
+new file mode 100644
+index 000000..1d6ed9f
+--- /dev/null
++++ w/file-5
+@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
++One
++two
++three
diff --git a/t/t4252/am-test-6-1 b/t/t4252/am-test-6-1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a8859e9b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/am-test-6-1
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+From: A U Thor <au.thor@example.com>
+Date: Thu Dec 4 16:00:00 2008 -0800
+Subject: Huh
+
+Should fail and leave rejects
+
+diff --git i/file-2 w/file-2
+index 06e567b..b6f3a16 100644
+--- i/file-2
++++ w/file-2
+@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+-0
++One
+ 2
+ 3
+@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@
+ 4
+ 5
+-6
++Six
+ 7
diff --git a/t/t4252/file-1-0 b/t/t4252/file-1-0
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..06e567b11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/file-1-0
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
diff --git a/t/t4252/file-2-0 b/t/t4252/file-2-0
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..06e567b11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4252/file-2-0
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+1
+2
+3
+4
+5
+6
+7
diff --git a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
index c942c8be8..27bfba55b 100755
--- a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,11 @@ test_expect_success \
      cp /bin/sh a/bin &&
      printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >a/substfile1 &&
      printf "A not substituted O" >a/substfile2 &&
-     ln -s a a/l1 &&
+     if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+	ln -s a a/l1
+     else
+	printf %s a > a/l1
+     fi &&
      (p=long_path_to_a_file && cd a &&
       for depth in 1 2 3 4 5; do mkdir $p && cd $p; done &&
       echo text >file_with_long_path) &&
@@ -46,7 +50,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'add ignored file' \
     'echo ignore me >a/ignored &&
-     echo ignored export-ignore >.gitattributes'
+     echo ignored export-ignore >.git/info/attributes'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'add files to repository' \
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'create bare clone' \
     'git clone --bare . bare.git &&
-     cp .gitattributes bare.git/info/attributes'
+     cp .git/info/attributes bare.git/info/attributes'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'remove ignored file' \
@@ -76,7 +80,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git archive vs. git tar-tree' \
-    'diff b.tar b2.tar'
+    'test_cmp b.tar b2.tar'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git archive in a bare repo' \
@@ -86,18 +90,26 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git archive vs. the same in a bare repo' \
     'test_cmp b.tar b3.tar'
 
+test_expect_success 'git archive with --output' \
+    'git archive --output=b4.tar HEAD &&
+    test_cmp b.tar b4.tar'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive --remote' \
+    'git archive --remote=. HEAD >b5.tar &&
+    test_cmp b.tar b5.tar'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'validate file modification time' \
     'mkdir extract &&
      "$TAR" xf b.tar -C extract a/a &&
      test-chmtime -v +0 extract/a/a |cut -f 1 >b.mtime &&
      echo "1117231200" >expected.mtime &&
-     diff expected.mtime b.mtime'
+     test_cmp expected.mtime b.mtime'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git get-tar-commit-id' \
     'git get-tar-commit-id <b.tar >b.commitid &&
-     diff .git/$(git symbolic-ref HEAD) b.commitid'
+     test_cmp .git/$(git symbolic-ref HEAD) b.commitid'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'extract tar archive' \
@@ -106,7 +118,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'validate filenames' \
     '(cd b/a && find .) | sort >b.lst &&
-     diff a.lst b.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst b.lst'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate file contents' \
@@ -123,7 +135,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'validate filenames with prefix' \
     '(cd c/prefix/a && find .) | sort >c.lst &&
-     diff a.lst c.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst c.lst'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'validate file contents with prefix' \
@@ -131,10 +143,11 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'create archives with substfiles' \
-    'echo "substfile?" export-subst >a/.gitattributes &&
+    'cp .git/info/attributes .git/info/attributes.before &&
+     echo "substfile?" export-subst >>.git/info/attributes &&
      git archive HEAD >f.tar &&
      git archive --prefix=prefix/ HEAD >g.tar &&
-     rm a/.gitattributes'
+     mv .git/info/attributes.before .git/info/attributes'
 
 test_expect_success \
     'extract substfiles' \
@@ -144,8 +157,8 @@ test_expect_success \
      'validate substfile contents' \
      'git log --max-count=1 "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD \
       >f/a/substfile1.expected &&
-      diff f/a/substfile1.expected f/a/substfile1 &&
-      diff a/substfile2 f/a/substfile2
+      test_cmp f/a/substfile1.expected f/a/substfile1 &&
+      test_cmp a/substfile2 f/a/substfile2
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -156,8 +169,8 @@ test_expect_success \
      'validate substfile contents from archive with prefix' \
      'git log --max-count=1 "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD \
       >g/prefix/a/substfile1.expected &&
-      diff g/prefix/a/substfile1.expected g/prefix/a/substfile1 &&
-      diff a/substfile2 g/prefix/a/substfile2
+      test_cmp g/prefix/a/substfile1.expected g/prefix/a/substfile1 &&
+      test_cmp a/substfile2 g/prefix/a/substfile2
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -172,23 +185,37 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git archive --format=zip vs. the same in a bare repo' \
     'test_cmp d.zip d1.zip'
 
+test_expect_success 'git archive --format=zip with --output' \
+    'git archive --format=zip --output=d2.zip HEAD &&
+    test_cmp d.zip d2.zip'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with --output, inferring format' '
+	git archive --output=d3.zip HEAD &&
+	test_cmp d.zip d3.zip
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with --output, override inferred format' '
+	git archive --format=tar --output=d4.zip HEAD &&
+	test_cmp b.tar d4.zip
+'
+
 $UNZIP -v >/dev/null 2>&1
 if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
-	echo "Skipping ZIP tests, because unzip was not found"
-	test_done
-	exit
+	say "Skipping ZIP tests, because unzip was not found"
+else
+	test_set_prereq UNZIP
 fi
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'extract ZIP archive' \
     '(mkdir d && cd d && $UNZIP ../d.zip)'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate filenames' \
     '(cd d/a && find .) | sort >d.lst &&
-     diff a.lst d.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst d.lst'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate file contents' \
     'diff -r a d/a'
 
@@ -196,16 +223,16 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git archive --format=zip with prefix' \
     'git archive --format=zip --prefix=prefix/ HEAD >e.zip'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'extract ZIP archive with prefix' \
     '(mkdir e && cd e && $UNZIP ../e.zip)'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate filenames with prefix' \
     '(cd e/prefix/a && find .) | sort >e.lst &&
-     diff a.lst e.lst'
+     test_cmp a.lst e.lst'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success UNZIP \
     'validate file contents with prefix' \
     'diff -r a e/prefix/a'
 
@@ -213,4 +240,16 @@ test_expect_success \
     'git archive --list outside of a git repo' \
     'GIT_DIR=some/non-existing/directory git archive --list'
 
+test_expect_success 'git-archive --prefix=olde-' '
+	git archive --prefix=olde- >h.tar HEAD &&
+	(
+		mkdir h &&
+		cd h &&
+		"$TAR" xf - <../h.tar
+	) &&
+	test -d h/olde-a &&
+	test -d h/olde-a/bin &&
+	test -f h/olde-a/bin/sh
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh b/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..426b319bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5001-archive-attr.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git archive attribute tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+SUBSTFORMAT=%H%n
+
+test_expect_exists() {
+	test_expect_success " $1 exists" "test -e $1"
+}
+
+test_expect_missing() {
+	test_expect_success " $1 does not exist" "test ! -e $1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo ignored >ignored &&
+	echo ignored export-ignore >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git add ignored &&
+
+	echo ignored by tree >ignored-by-tree &&
+	echo ignored-by-tree export-ignore >.gitattributes &&
+	git add ignored-by-tree .gitattributes &&
+
+	echo ignored by worktree >ignored-by-worktree &&
+	echo ignored-by-worktree export-ignore >.gitattributes &&
+	git add ignored-by-worktree &&
+
+	printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >nosubstfile &&
+	printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >substfile1 &&
+	printf "A not substituted O" >substfile2 &&
+	echo "substfile?" export-subst >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git add nosubstfile substfile1 substfile2 &&
+
+	git commit -m. &&
+
+	git clone --bare . bare &&
+	cp .git/info/attributes bare/info/attributes
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive' '
+	git archive HEAD >archive.tar &&
+	(mkdir archive && cd archive && "$TAR" xf -) <archive.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_exists	archive/ignored-by-worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with worktree attributes' '
+	git archive --worktree-attributes HEAD >worktree.tar &&
+	(mkdir worktree && cd worktree && "$TAR" xf -) <worktree.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	worktree/ignored
+test_expect_exists	worktree/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_missing	worktree/ignored-by-worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive vs. bare' '
+	(cd bare && git archive HEAD) >bare-archive.tar &&
+	test_cmp archive.tar bare-archive.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with worktree attributes, bare' '
+	(cd bare && git archive --worktree-attributes HEAD) >bare-worktree.tar &&
+	(mkdir bare-worktree && cd bare-worktree && "$TAR" xf -) <bare-worktree.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	bare-worktree/ignored
+test_expect_exists	bare-worktree/ignored-by-tree
+test_expect_exists	bare-worktree/ignored-by-worktree
+
+test_expect_success 'export-subst' '
+	git log "--pretty=format:A${SUBSTFORMAT}O" HEAD >substfile1.expected &&
+	test_cmp nosubstfile archive/nosubstfile &&
+	test_cmp substfile1.expected archive/substfile1 &&
+	test_cmp substfile2 archive/substfile2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git tar-tree vs. git archive with worktree attributes' '
+	git tar-tree HEAD >tar-tree.tar &&
+	test_cmp worktree.tar tar-tree.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git tar-tree vs. git archive with worktree attrs, bare' '
+	(cd bare && git tar-tree HEAD) >bare-tar-tree.tar &&
+	test_cmp bare-worktree.tar bare-tar-tree.tar
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
index fe1458942..ebc36c175 100755
--- a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
+++ b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
@@ -11,18 +11,52 @@ test_expect_success 'split sample box' \
 	'git mailsplit -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/sample.mbox >last &&
 	last=`cat last` &&
 	echo total is $last &&
-	test `cat last` = 11'
+	test `cat last` = 16'
+
+check_mailinfo () {
+	mail=$1 opt=$2
+	mo="$mail$opt"
+	git mailinfo -u $opt msg$mo patch$mo <$mail >info$mo &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mo msg$mo &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/patch$mo patch$mo &&
+	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info$mo info$mo
+}
+
 
 for mail in `echo 00*`
 do
 	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" '
-		git mailinfo -u msg$mail patch$mail <$mail >info$mail &&
+		check_mailinfo $mail "" &&
+		if test -f "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mail--scissors
+		then
+			check_mailinfo $mail --scissors
+		fi &&
+		if test -f "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mail--no-inbody-headers
+		then
+			check_mailinfo $mail --no-inbody-headers
+		fi
+	'
+done
+
+
+test_expect_success 'split box with rfc2047 samples' \
+	'mkdir rfc2047 &&
+	git mailsplit -orfc2047 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox \
+	  >rfc2047/last &&
+	last=`cat rfc2047/last` &&
+	echo total is $last &&
+	test `cat rfc2047/last` = 11'
+
+for mail in `echo rfc2047/00*`
+do
+	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" '
+		git mailinfo -u $mail-msg $mail-patch <$mail >$mail-info &&
 		echo msg &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/msg$mail msg$mail &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-msg &&
 		echo patch &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/patch$mail patch$mail &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-patch &&
 		echo info &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/info$mail info$mail
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-info-$(basename $mail) $mail-info
 	'
 done
 
diff --git a/t/t5100/.gitattributes b/t/t5100/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c93f5142f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+msg*	encoding=UTF-8
+info*	encoding=UTF-8
+rfc2047-info-*	encoding=UTF-8
+sample.mbox	encoding=UTF-8
diff --git a/t/t5100/0010 b/t/t5100/0010
deleted file mode 100644
index f5892c9da..000000000
--- a/t/t5100/0010
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-From b9704a518e21158433baa2cc2d591fea687967f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: =?UTF-8?q?Lukas=20Sandstr=C3=B6m?= <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
-Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2008 23:41:33 +0200
-Subject: Re: discussion that lead to this patch
-MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
-Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-
-[PATCH] git-mailinfo: Fix getting the subject from the body
-
-"Subject: " isn't in the static array "header", and thus
-memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 7) will never match.
-
-Signed-off-by: Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
-Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
----
- builtin-mailinfo.c |    2 +-
- 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
-
-diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
-index 962aa34..2d1520f 100644
---- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
-+++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
-@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ static int check_header(char *line, unsigned linesize, char **hdr_data, int over
- 		return 1;
- 	if (!memcmp("[PATCH]", line, 7) && isspace(line[7])) {
- 		for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
--			if (!memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 9)) {
-+			if (!memcmp("Subject", header[i], 7)) {
- 				if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], 0)) {
- 					return 1;
- 				}
--- 
-1.5.6.2.455.g1efb2
-
diff --git a/t/t5100/empty b/t/t5100/empty
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/empty
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0001 b/t/t5100/info0001
index 8c052777e..f951538ac 100644
--- a/t/t5100/info0001
+++ b/t/t5100/info0001
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Author: A U Thor
+Author: A (zzz) U Thor (Comment)
 Email: a.u.thor@example.com
 Subject: a commit.
 Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0012 b/t/t5100/info0012
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac1216ff7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0012
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Dmitriy Blinov
+Email: bda@mnsspb.ru
+Subject: Изменён �пи�ок пакетов необходимых дл� �борки
+Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 17:54:41 +0300
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0013 b/t/t5100/info0013
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bbe049e20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0013
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: a patch
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0014 b/t/t5100/info0014
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..08566b34b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0014
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Junio Hamano
+Email: junkio@cox.net
+Subject: BLAH ONE
+Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2009 17:18:22 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0014--scissors b/t/t5100/info0014--scissors
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ab9c8d090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0014--scissors
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Junio C Hamano
+Email: gitster@pobox.com
+Subject: Teach mailinfo to ignore everything before -- >8 -- mark
+Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2009 17:18:22 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0015 b/t/t5100/info0015
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0114f106c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0015
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: 
+Email: 
+Subject: check bogus body header (from)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0015--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/info0015--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c4d8d7720
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0015--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: check bogus body header (from)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0016 b/t/t5100/info0016
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38ccd0dcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0016
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: check bogus body header (date)
+Date: bogus 
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0016--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/info0016--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f4857d45d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0016--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: check bogus body header (date)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0012 b/t/t5100/msg0012
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1dc2bf7f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0012
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+textlive-* и�правлены на texlive-*
+docutils заменён на python-docutils
+
+Дей�твительно, оказало�ь, что rest2web выт�гивает за �обой
+python-docutils. В то врем� как �ам rest2web не нужен.
+
+Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0013 b/t/t5100/msg0013
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0013
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0014 b/t/t5100/msg0014
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..62e5cd2ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0014
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+In real life, we will see a discussion that inspired this patch
+discussing related and unrelated things around >8 scissors mark
+in this part of the message.
+
+Subject: [PATCH] BLAH TWO
+
+And then we will see the scissors.
+
+ This line is not a scissors mark -- >8 -- but talks about it.
+ - - >8 - - please remove everything above this line - - >8 - -
+
+Subject: [PATCH] Teach mailinfo to ignore everything before -- >8 -- mark
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+
+This teaches mailinfo the scissors -- >8 -- mark; the command ignores
+everything before it in the message body.
+
+Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0014--scissors b/t/t5100/msg0014--scissors
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..259c6a46d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0014--scissors
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+This teaches mailinfo the scissors -- >8 -- mark; the command ignores
+everything before it in the message body.
+
+Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0015 b/t/t5100/msg0015
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..957723868
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0015
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+- a list
+  - of stuff
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0015--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/msg0015--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be5115b1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0015--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+From: bogosity
+  - a list
+  - of stuff
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0016 b/t/t5100/msg0016
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d9adada9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0016
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+and some content
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0016--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/msg0016--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1063f5117
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0016--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Date: bogus
+
+and some content
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0012 b/t/t5100/patch0012
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..36a0b6816
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0012
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+---
+ howto/build_navy.txt |    6 +++---
+ 1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/howto/build_navy.txt b/howto/build_navy.txt
+index 3fd3afb..0ee807e 100644
+--- a/howto/build_navy.txt
++++ b/howto/build_navy.txt
+@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
+    - libxv-dev
+    - libusplash-dev
+    - latex-make
+-   - textlive-lang-cyrillic
+-   - textlive-latex-extra
++   - texlive-lang-cyrillic
++   - texlive-latex-extra
+    - dia
+    - python-pyrex
+    - libtool
+@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
+    - sox
+    - cython
+    - imagemagick
+-   - docutils
++   - python-docutils
+ 
+ #. на машине dinar: добавить �вой открытый ssh-ключ в authorized_keys2 пользовател� ddev
+ #. на �воей машине: отредактировать /etc/sudoers (команда ``visudo``) примерно �ледующим образом::
+-- 
+1.5.6.5
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0013 b/t/t5100/patch0013
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0013
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0014 b/t/t5100/patch0014
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..124efd234
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0014
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c |   37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
+ 1 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index b0b5d8f..461c47e 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -712,6 +712,34 @@ static inline int patchbreak(const struct strbuf *line)
+ 	return 0;
+ }
+ 
++static int scissors(const struct strbuf *line)
++{
++	size_t i, len = line->len;
++	int scissors_dashes_seen = 0;
++	const char *buf = line->buf;
++
++	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
++		if (isspace(buf[i]))
++			continue;
++		if (buf[i] == '-') {
++			scissors_dashes_seen |= 02;
++			continue;
++		}
++		if (i + 1 < len && !memcmp(buf + i, ">8", 2)) {
++			scissors_dashes_seen |= 01;
++			i++;
++			continue;
++		}
++		if (i + 7 < len && !memcmp(buf + i, "cut here", 8)) {
++			i += 7;
++			continue;
++		}
++		/* everything else --- not scissors */
++		break;
++	}
++	return scissors_dashes_seen == 03;
++}
++
+ static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
+ {
+ 	static int still_looking = 1;
+@@ -723,10 +751,17 @@ static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
+ 		strbuf_ltrim(line);
+ 		if (!line->len)
+ 			return 0;
+-		if ((still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0)) != 0)
++		still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0);
++		if (still_looking)
+ 			return 0;
+ 	}
+ 
++	if (scissors(line)) {
++		fseek(cmitmsg, 0L, SEEK_SET);
++		still_looking = 1;
++		return 0;
++	}
++
+ 	/* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
+ 	if (metainfo_charset)
+ 		convert_to_utf8(line, charset.buf);
+-- 
+1.6.4.1
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0014--scissors b/t/t5100/patch0014--scissors
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..124efd234
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0014--scissors
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c |   37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
+ 1 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index b0b5d8f..461c47e 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -712,6 +712,34 @@ static inline int patchbreak(const struct strbuf *line)
+ 	return 0;
+ }
+ 
++static int scissors(const struct strbuf *line)
++{
++	size_t i, len = line->len;
++	int scissors_dashes_seen = 0;
++	const char *buf = line->buf;
++
++	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
++		if (isspace(buf[i]))
++			continue;
++		if (buf[i] == '-') {
++			scissors_dashes_seen |= 02;
++			continue;
++		}
++		if (i + 1 < len && !memcmp(buf + i, ">8", 2)) {
++			scissors_dashes_seen |= 01;
++			i++;
++			continue;
++		}
++		if (i + 7 < len && !memcmp(buf + i, "cut here", 8)) {
++			i += 7;
++			continue;
++		}
++		/* everything else --- not scissors */
++		break;
++	}
++	return scissors_dashes_seen == 03;
++}
++
+ static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
+ {
+ 	static int still_looking = 1;
+@@ -723,10 +751,17 @@ static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
+ 		strbuf_ltrim(line);
+ 		if (!line->len)
+ 			return 0;
+-		if ((still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0)) != 0)
++		still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0);
++		if (still_looking)
+ 			return 0;
+ 	}
+ 
++	if (scissors(line)) {
++		fseek(cmitmsg, 0L, SEEK_SET);
++		still_looking = 1;
++		return 0;
++	}
++
+ 	/* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
+ 	if (metainfo_charset)
+ 		convert_to_utf8(line, charset.buf);
+-- 
+1.6.4.1
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0015 b/t/t5100/patch0015
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad6484887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0015
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0015--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/patch0015--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad6484887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0015--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0016 b/t/t5100/patch0016
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad6484887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0016
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0016--no-inbody-headers b/t/t5100/patch0016--no-inbody-headers
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad6484887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0016--no-inbody-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0a383b07e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Keith Moore
+Email: moore@cs.utk.edu
+Subject: If you can read this you understand the example.
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..881be75d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Olle Järnefors
+Email: ojarnef@admin.kth.se
+Subject: Time for ISO 10646?
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d0f789177
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Patrik Fältström
+Email: paf@nada.kth.se
+Subject: RFC-HDR care and feeding
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f67a90a97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Nathaniel Borenstein (�ולש ןב ילטפנ)
+Email: nsb@thumper.bellcore.com
+Subject: Test of new header generator
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c27be3bf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9dad47445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..294f195a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..294f195a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..294f195a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9dad47445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9dad47445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox b/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1fc224810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?US-ASCII?Q?Keith_Moore?= <moore@cs.utk.edu>
+To: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>
+CC: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Andr=E9?= Pirard <PIRARD@vm1.ulg.ac.be>
+Subject: =?ISO8859-1?B?SWYgeW91IGNhbiByZWFkIHRoaXMgeW8=?=
+ =?ISO8859-2?B?dSB1bmRlcnN0YW5kIHRoZSBleGFtcGxlLg==?=
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Olle_J=E4rnefors?= <ojarnef@admin.kth.se>
+To: ietf-822@dimacs.rutgers.edu, ojarnef@admin.kth.se
+Subject: Time for ISO 10646?
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@mordor.stanford.edu>
+Cc: ietf-822@dimacs.rutgers.edu, paf@comsol.se
+From: =?ISO8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@nada.kth.se>
+Subject: Re: RFC-HDR care and feeding
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Nathaniel Borenstein <nsb@thumper.bellcore.com>
+      (=?ISO8859-8?b?7eXs+SDv4SDp7Oj08A==?=)
+To: Greg Vaudreuil <gvaudre@NRI.Reston.VA.US>, Ned Freed
+   <ned@innosoft.com>, Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu>
+Subject: Test of new header generator
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?= b)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?= =?ISO8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?=  =?ISO8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?=
+    =?ISO8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a_b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO8859-1?Q?a?= =?ISO8859-2?Q?_b?=)
diff --git a/t/t5100/sample.mbox b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
index 4bf7947b4..de1031241 100644
--- a/t/t5100/sample.mbox
+++ b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 	
     
 From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+From: A (zzz)
+      U
+      Thor
+      <a.u.thor@example.com> (Comment)
 Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
 Subject: [PATCH] a commit.
 
@@ -96,7 +99,7 @@ index 9123cdc..918dcf8 100644
 From nobody Sat Aug 27 23:07:49 2005
 Path: news.gmane.org!not-for-mail
 Message-ID: <20050721.091036.01119516.yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
-From: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCNUhGIzFRTEAbKEI=?= 
+From: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCNUhGIzFRTEAbKEI=?= 
 	<yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
 Newsgroups: gmane.comp.version-control.git
 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] GIT: Try all addresses for given remote name
@@ -215,7 +218,7 @@ GPG-FP  : 9022 65EB 1ECF 3AD1 0BDF  80D8 4807 F894 E062 0EEA
 From nobody Sat Aug 27 23:07:49 2005
 Path: news.gmane.org!not-for-mail
 Message-ID: <u5tacjjdpxq.fsf@lysator.liu.se>
-From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?David_K=E5gedal?= <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
+From: =?ISO8859-1?Q?David_K=E5gedal?= <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
 Newsgroups: gmane.comp.version-control.git
 Subject: [PATCH] Fixed two bugs in git-cvsimport-script.
 Date: Mon, 15 Aug 2005 20:18:25 +0200
@@ -223,7 +226,7 @@ Lines: 83
 Approved: news@gmane.org
 NNTP-Posting-Host: main.gmane.org
 Mime-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-1
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: QUOTED-PRINTABLE
 X-Trace: sea.gmane.org 1124130247 31839 80.91.229.2 (15 Aug 2005 18:24:07 GMT)
 X-Complaints-To: usenet@sea.gmane.org
@@ -473,7 +476,7 @@ MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-="
 
 --=-=-=
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-15
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO8859-15
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
 
 Here comes a commit log message, and
@@ -501,3 +504,182 @@ index 3e5fe51..aabfe5c 100644
 
 --=-=-=--
 
+From bda@mnsspb.ru Wed Nov 12 17:54:41 2008
+From: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
+To: navy-patches@dinar.mns.mnsspb.ru
+Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 17:54:41 +0300
+Message-Id: <1226501681-24923-1-git-send-email-bda@mnsspb.ru>
+X-Mailer: git-send-email 1.5.6.5
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/plain;
+  charset=utf-8
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Subject: [Navy-patches] [PATCH]
+	=?utf-8?b?0JjQt9C80LXQvdGR0L0g0YHQv9C40YHQvtC6INC/0LA=?=
+	=?utf-8?b?0LrQtdGC0L7QsiDQvdC10L7QsdGF0L7QtNC40LzRi9GFINC00LvRjyA=?=
+	=?utf-8?b?0YHQsdC+0YDQutC4?=
+
+textlive-* и�правлены на texlive-*
+docutils заменён на python-docutils
+
+Дей�твительно, оказало�ь, что rest2web выт�гивает за �обой
+python-docutils. В то врем� как �ам rest2web не нужен.
+
+Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
+---
+ howto/build_navy.txt |    6 +++---
+ 1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/howto/build_navy.txt b/howto/build_navy.txt
+index 3fd3afb..0ee807e 100644
+--- a/howto/build_navy.txt
++++ b/howto/build_navy.txt
+@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
+    - libxv-dev
+    - libusplash-dev
+    - latex-make
+-   - textlive-lang-cyrillic
+-   - textlive-latex-extra
++   - texlive-lang-cyrillic
++   - texlive-latex-extra
+    - dia
+    - python-pyrex
+    - libtool
+@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
+    - sox
+    - cython
+    - imagemagick
+-   - docutils
++   - python-docutils
+ 
+ #. на машине dinar: добавить �вой открытый ssh-ключ в authorized_keys2 пользовател� ddev
+ #. на �воей машине: отредактировать /etc/sudoers (команда ``visudo``) примерно �ледующим образом::
+-- 
+1.5.6.5
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: <a.u.thor@example.com> (A U Thor)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] a patch
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Junio Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Date: Thu, 20 Aug 2009 17:18:22 -0700
+Subject: Why doesn't git-am does not like >8 scissors mark?
+
+Subject: [PATCH] BLAH ONE
+
+In real life, we will see a discussion that inspired this patch
+discussing related and unrelated things around >8 scissors mark
+in this part of the message.
+
+Subject: [PATCH] BLAH TWO
+
+And then we will see the scissors.
+
+ This line is not a scissors mark -- >8 -- but talks about it.
+ - - >8 - - please remove everything above this line - - >8 - -
+
+Subject: [PATCH] Teach mailinfo to ignore everything before -- >8 -- mark
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+
+This teaches mailinfo the scissors -- >8 -- mark; the command ignores
+everything before it in the message body.
+
+Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+---
+ builtin-mailinfo.c |   37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
+ 1 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+index b0b5d8f..461c47e 100644
+--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
++++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
+@@ -712,6 +712,34 @@ static inline int patchbreak(const struct strbuf *line)
+ 	return 0;
+ }
+ 
++static int scissors(const struct strbuf *line)
++{
++	size_t i, len = line->len;
++	int scissors_dashes_seen = 0;
++	const char *buf = line->buf;
++
++	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
++		if (isspace(buf[i]))
++			continue;
++		if (buf[i] == '-') {
++			scissors_dashes_seen |= 02;
++			continue;
++		}
++		if (i + 1 < len && !memcmp(buf + i, ">8", 2)) {
++			scissors_dashes_seen |= 01;
++			i++;
++			continue;
++		}
++		if (i + 7 < len && !memcmp(buf + i, "cut here", 8)) {
++			i += 7;
++			continue;
++		}
++		/* everything else --- not scissors */
++		break;
++	}
++	return scissors_dashes_seen == 03;
++}
++
+ static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
+ {
+ 	static int still_looking = 1;
+@@ -723,10 +751,17 @@ static int handle_commit_msg(struct strbuf *line)
+ 		strbuf_ltrim(line);
+ 		if (!line->len)
+ 			return 0;
+-		if ((still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0)) != 0)
++		still_looking = check_header(line, s_hdr_data, 0);
++		if (still_looking)
+ 			return 0;
+ 	}
+ 
++	if (scissors(line)) {
++		fseek(cmitmsg, 0L, SEEK_SET);
++		still_looking = 1;
++		return 0;
++	}
++
+ 	/* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
+ 	if (metainfo_charset)
+ 		convert_to_utf8(line, charset.buf);
+-- 
+1.6.4.1
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+Subject: check bogus body header (from)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
+From: bogosity
+  - a list
+  - of stuff
+---
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+Subject: check bogus body header (date)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
+Date: bogus
+
+and some content
+
+---
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++content
+
diff --git a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
index 04522857a..e2aa254ea 100755
--- a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
+++ b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
@@ -13,11 +13,10 @@ TRASH=`pwd`
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
     'rm -f .git/index*
-     for i in a b c
-     do
-	     dd if=/dev/zero bs=4k count=1 | perl -pe "y/\\000/$i/" >$i &&
-	     git update-index --add $i || return 1
-     done &&
+     perl -e "print \"a\" x 4096;" > a &&
+     perl -e "print \"b\" x 4096;" > b &&
+     perl -e "print \"c\" x 4096;" > c &&
+     git update-index --add a b c &&
      cat c >d && echo foo >>d && git update-index --add d &&
      tree=`git write-tree` &&
      commit=`git commit-tree $tree </dev/null` && {
@@ -180,6 +179,23 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 unset GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
 
+test_expect_success 'survive missing objects/pack directory' '
+	(
+		rm -fr missing-pack &&
+		mkdir missing-pack &&
+		cd missing-pack &&
+		git init &&
+		GOP=.git/objects/pack
+		rm -fr $GOP &&
+		git index-pack --stdin --keep=test <../test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+		test -f $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.pack &&
+		test_cmp $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.pack ../test-3-${packname_3}.pack &&
+		test -f $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.idx &&
+		test_cmp $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.idx ../test-3-${packname_3}.idx &&
+		test -f $GOP/pack-${packname_3}.keep
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'verify pack' \
     'git verify-pack	test-1-${packname_1}.idx \
@@ -204,7 +220,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack catches a corrupted pack signature' \
     'cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=2 &&
+     echo | dd of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=2 &&
      if git verify-pack test-3.idx
      then false
      else :;
@@ -213,7 +229,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack catches a corrupted pack version' \
     'cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=7 &&
+     echo | dd of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=7 &&
      if git verify-pack test-3.idx
      then false
      else :;
@@ -222,7 +238,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
     'verify-pack catches a corrupted type/size of the 1st packed object data' \
     'cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=12 &&
+     echo | dd of=test-3.pack count=1 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=12 &&
      if git verify-pack test-3.idx
      then false
      else :;
@@ -233,7 +249,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'l=`wc -c <test-3.idx` &&
      l=`expr $l - 20` &&
      cat test-1-${packname_1}.pack >test-3.pack &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=test-3.idx count=20 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$l &&
+     printf "%20s" "" | dd of=test-3.idx count=20 bs=1 conv=notrunc seek=$l &&
      if git verify-pack test-3.pack
      then false
      else :;
diff --git a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
index 884e24253..4360e77d3 100755
--- a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
+++ b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
     'rm -rf .git
      git init &&
+     git config pack.threads 1 &&
      i=1 &&
      while test $i -le 100
      do
@@ -68,32 +69,27 @@ test_expect_success \
     'index v2: force some 64-bit offsets with pack-objects' \
     'pack3=$(git pack-objects --index-version=2,0x40000 test-3 <obj-list)'
 
-have_64bits=
 if msg=$(git verify-pack -v "test-3-${pack3}.pack" 2>&1) ||
 	! (echo "$msg" | grep "pack too large .* off_t")
 then
-	have_64bits=t
+	test_set_prereq OFF64_T
 else
 	say "skipping tests concerning 64-bit offsets"
 fi
 
-test "$have_64bits" &&
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
     'index v2: verify a pack with some 64-bit offsets' \
     'git verify-pack -v "test-3-${pack3}.pack"'
 
-test "$have_64bits" &&
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
     '64-bit offsets: should be different from previous index v2 results' \
     '! cmp "test-2-${pack2}.idx" "test-3-${pack3}.idx"'
 
-test "$have_64bits" &&
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
     'index v2: force some 64-bit offsets with index-pack' \
     'git index-pack --index-version=2,0x40000 -o 3.idx "test-1-${pack1}.pack"'
 
-test "$have_64bits" &&
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success OFF64_T \
     '64-bit offsets: index-pack result should match pack-objects one' \
     'cmp "test-3-${pack3}.idx" "3.idx"'
 
@@ -207,7 +203,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      obj=`git hash-object file_001` &&
      nr=`index_obj_nr ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" $obj` &&
      chmod +w ".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" &&
-     dd if=/dev/zero of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" conv=notrunc \
+     printf xxxx | dd of=".git/objects/pack/pack-${pack1}.idx" conv=notrunc \
         bs=1 count=4 seek=$((8 + 256 * 4 + `wc -l <obj-list` * 20 + $nr * 4)) &&
      ( while read obj
        do git cat-file -p $obj >/dev/null || exit 1
diff --git a/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
index d4e30fc43..5f6cd4f33 100755
--- a/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
+++ b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ do_corrupt_object() {
     test_must_fail git verify-pack ${pack}.pack
 }
 
+printf '\0' > zero
+
 test_expect_success \
     'initial setup validation' \
     'create_test_files &&
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     'create corruption in header of first object' \
-    'do_corrupt_object $blob_1 0 < /dev/zero &&
+    'do_corrupt_object $blob_1 0 < zero &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'create corruption in header of first delta' \
     'create_new_pack &&
      git prune-packed &&
-     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 0 < /dev/zero &&
+     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 0 < zero &&
      git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'corruption in delta base reference of first delta (OBJ_REF_DELTA)' \
     'create_new_pack &&
      git prune-packed &&
-     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < /dev/zero &&
+     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < zero &&
      git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
@@ -207,7 +209,7 @@ test_expect_success \
     'corruption #0 in delta base reference of first delta (OBJ_OFS_DELTA)' \
     'create_new_pack --delta-base-offset &&
      git prune-packed &&
-     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < /dev/zero &&
+     do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < zero &&
      git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
@@ -259,7 +261,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success \
     '... and a redundant pack allows for full recovery too' \
-    'do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < /dev/zero &&
+    'do_corrupt_object $blob_2 2 < zero &&
      git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null &&
@@ -273,4 +275,13 @@ test_expect_success \
      git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'corrupting header to have too small output buffer fails unpack' \
+    'create_new_pack &&
+     git prune-packed &&
+     printf "\262\001" | do_corrupt_object $blob_1 0 &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5304-prune.sh b/t/t5304-prune.sh
index 771c0a06a..3c6687abe 100755
--- a/t/t5304-prune.sh
+++ b/t/t5304-prune.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,17 @@
 test_description='prune'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+day=$((60*60*24))
+week=$(($day*7))
+
+add_blob() {
+	before=$(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	BLOB=$(echo aleph_0 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
+	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	: > file &&
@@ -31,11 +42,7 @@ test_expect_success 'prune stale packs' '
 
 test_expect_success 'prune --expire' '
 
-	before=$(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
-	BLOB=$(echo aleph | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
-	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
-	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
-	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	add_blob &&
 	git prune --expire=1.hour.ago &&
 	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
@@ -48,16 +55,12 @@ test_expect_success 'prune --expire' '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc: implicit prune --expire' '
 
-	before=$(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
-	BLOB=$(echo aleph_0 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
-	BLOB_FILE=.git/objects/$(echo $BLOB | sed "s/^../&\//") &&
-	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
-	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
-	test-chmtime =-$((86400*14-30)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	add_blob &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((2*$week-30)) $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git gc &&
 	test $((1 + $before)) = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
-	test-chmtime =-$((86400*14+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((2*$week+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
 	git gc &&
 	test $before = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
 	! test -f $BLOB_FILE
@@ -112,4 +115,51 @@ test_expect_success 'prune: do not prune heads listed as an argument' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'gc --no-prune' '
+
+	add_blob &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((5001*$day)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git config gc.pruneExpire 2.days.ago &&
+	git gc --no-prune &&
+	test 1 = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc respects gc.pruneExpire' '
+
+	git config gc.pruneExpire 5002.days.ago &&
+	git gc &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git config gc.pruneExpire 5000.days.ago &&
+	git gc &&
+	test ! -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc --prune=<date>' '
+
+	add_blob &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((5001*$day)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git gc --prune=5002.days.ago &&
+	test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git gc --prune=5000.days.ago &&
+	test ! -f $BLOB_FILE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gc: prune old objects after local clone' '
+	add_blob &&
+	test-chmtime =-$((2*$week+1)) $BLOB_FILE &&
+	git clone --no-hardlinks . aclone &&
+	(
+		cd aclone &&
+		test 1 = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+		test -f $BLOB_FILE &&
+		git gc --prune &&
+		test 0 = $(git count-objects | sed "s/ .*//") &&
+		! test -f $BLOB_FILE
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5307-pack-missing-commit.sh b/t/t5307-pack-missing-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ae52a1882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5307-pack-missing-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pack should notice missing commit objects'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		echo "$i" >"file$i" &&
+		git add "file$i" &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "$i" &&
+		git tag "tag$i"
+	done &&
+	obj=$(git rev-parse --verify tag3) &&
+	fanout=$(expr "$obj" : "\(..\)") &&
+	remainder=$(expr "$obj" : "..\(.*\)") &&
+	rm -f ".git/objects/$fanout/$remainder"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check corruption' '
+	test_must_fail git fsck
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list notices corruption (1)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list notices corruption (2)' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-list --objects HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects notices corruption' '
+	echo HEAD |
+	test_must_fail git pack-objects --revs pack
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
index da69f087b..f2d5581b1 100755
--- a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
@@ -32,9 +32,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	done &&
 	git update-ref HEAD "$commit" &&
 	git clone ./. victim &&
-	cd victim &&
-	git log &&
-	cd .. &&
+	( cd victim && git log ) &&
 	git update-ref HEAD "$zero" &&
 	parent=$zero &&
 	i=0 &&
@@ -59,88 +57,84 @@ test_expect_success 'pack the source repository' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pack the destination repository' '
+    (
 	cd victim &&
 	git repack -a -d &&
-	git prune &&
-	cd ..
+	git prune
+    )
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-        'pushing rewound head should not barf but require --force' '
-	# should not fail but refuse to update.
-	if git send-pack ./victim/.git/ master
-	then
-		# now it should fail with Pasky patch
-		echo >&2 Gaah, it should have failed.
-		false
-	else
-		echo >&2 Thanks, it correctly failed.
-		true
-	fi &&
-	if cmp victim/.git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/master
-	then
-		# should have been left as it was!
-		false
-	else
-		true
-	fi &&
+test_expect_success 'refuse pushing rewound head without --force' '
+	pushed_head=$(git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	victim_orig=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test_must_fail git send-pack ./victim master &&
+	victim_head=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$victim_head" = "$victim_orig" &&
 	# this should update
-	git send-pack --force ./victim/.git/ master &&
-	cmp victim/.git/refs/heads/master .git/refs/heads/master
+	git send-pack --force ./victim master &&
+	victim_head=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$victim_head" = "$pushed_head"
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
         'push can be used to delete a ref' '
-	cd victim &&
-	git branch extra master &&
-	cd .. &&
-	test -f victim/.git/refs/heads/extra &&
-	git send-pack ./victim/.git/ :extra master &&
-	! test -f victim/.git/refs/heads/extra
+	( cd victim && git branch extra master ) &&
+	git send-pack ./victim :extra master &&
+	( cd victim &&
+	  test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify extra )
 '
 
-unset GIT_CONFIG GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL
-HOME=`pwd`/no-such-directory
-export HOME ;# this way we force the victim/.git/config to be used.
-
-test_expect_success \
-	'pushing a delete should be denied with denyDeletes' '
-	cd victim &&
-	git config receive.denyDeletes true &&
-	git branch extra master &&
-	cd .. &&
-	test -f victim/.git/refs/heads/extra &&
-	test_must_fail git send-pack ./victim/.git/ :extra master
+test_expect_success 'refuse deleting push with denyDeletes' '
+	(
+	    cd victim &&
+	    ( git branch -D extra || : ) &&
+	    git config receive.denyDeletes true &&
+	    git branch extra master
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git send-pack ./victim :extra master
 '
-rm -f victim/.git/refs/heads/extra
 
-test_expect_success \
-        'pushing with --force should be denied with denyNonFastforwards' '
-	cd victim &&
-	git config receive.denyNonFastforwards true &&
-	cd .. &&
-	git update-ref refs/heads/master master^ || return 1
-	git send-pack --force ./victim/.git/ master && return 1
-	! test_cmp .git/refs/heads/master victim/.git/refs/heads/master
+test_expect_success 'denyNonFastforwards trumps --force' '
+	(
+	    cd victim &&
+	    ( git branch -D extra || : ) &&
+	    git config receive.denyNonFastforwards true
+	) &&
+	victim_orig=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test_must_fail git send-pack --force ./victim master^:master &&
+	victim_head=$(cd victim && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$victim_orig" = "$victim_head"
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'pushing does not include non-head refs' '
-	mkdir parent && cd parent &&
-	git init && touch file && git add file && git commit -m add &&
-	cd .. &&
-	git clone parent child && cd child && git push --all &&
-	cd ../parent &&
-	git branch -a >branches && ! grep origin/master branches
+test_expect_success 'push --all excludes remote tracking hierarchy' '
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(
+	    cd parent &&
+	    git init && : >file && git add file && git commit -m add
+	) &&
+	git clone parent child &&
+	(
+	    cd child && git push --all
+	) &&
+	(
+	    cd parent &&
+	    test -z "$(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin)"
+	)
 '
 
 rewound_push_setup() {
 	rm -rf parent child &&
-	mkdir parent && cd parent &&
-	git init && echo one >file && git add file && git commit -m one &&
-	echo two >file && git commit -a -m two &&
-	cd .. &&
-	git clone parent child && cd child && git reset --hard HEAD^
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(
+	    cd parent &&
+	    git init &&
+	    echo one >file && git add file && git commit -m one &&
+	    echo two >file && git commit -a -m two
+	) &&
+	git clone parent child &&
+	(
+	    cd child && git reset --hard HEAD^
+	)
 }
 
 rewound_push_succeeded() {
@@ -156,30 +150,57 @@ rewound_push_failed() {
 	fi
 }
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'pushing explicit refspecs respects forcing' '
+test_expect_success 'pushing explicit refspecs respects forcing' '
 	rewound_push_setup &&
-	if git send-pack ../parent/.git refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master
-	then
-		false
-	else
-		true
-	fi && rewound_push_failed &&
-	git send-pack ../parent/.git +refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master &&
-	rewound_push_succeeded
+	parent_orig=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    test_must_fail git send-pack ../parent \
+		refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_orig" = "$parent_head" &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    git send-pack ../parent \
+	        +refs/heads/master:refs/heads/master
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	child_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_head" = "$child_head"
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'pushing wildcard refspecs respects forcing' '
+test_expect_success 'pushing wildcard refspecs respects forcing' '
 	rewound_push_setup &&
-	if git send-pack ../parent/.git refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*
-	then
-		false
-	else
-		true
-	fi && rewound_push_failed &&
-	git send-pack ../parent/.git +refs/heads/*:refs/heads/* &&
-	rewound_push_succeeded
+	parent_orig=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    test_must_fail git send-pack ../parent \
+	        "refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*"
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_orig" = "$parent_head" &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    git send-pack ../parent \
+	        "+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*"
+	) &&
+	parent_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	child_head=$(cd parent && git rev-parse --verify master) &&
+	test "$parent_head" = "$child_head"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'warn pushing to delete current branch' '
+	rewound_push_setup &&
+	(
+	    cd child &&
+	    git send-pack ../parent :refs/heads/master 2>errs
+	) &&
+	grep "warning: to refuse deleting" child/errs &&
+	(
+		cd parent &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify master
+	)
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5403-post-checkout-hook.sh b/t/t5403-post-checkout-hook.sh
index 9b2e1a94c..d05a9138b 100755
--- a/t/t5403-post-checkout-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t5403-post-checkout-hook.sh
@@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ test_description='Test the post-checkout hook.'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	 echo Data for commit0. >a &&
-	 echo Data for commit0. >b &&
-	 git update-index --add a &&
-	 git update-index --add b &&
-	 tree0=$(git write-tree) &&
-	 commit0=$(echo setup | git commit-tree $tree0) &&
-        git update-ref refs/heads/master $commit0 &&
-	 git clone ./. clone1 &&
-	 git clone ./. clone2 &&
-        GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git branch -a new2 &&
-        echo Data for commit1. >clone2/b &&
-	 GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git add clone2/b &&
-	 GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git commit -m new2
+	echo Data for commit0. >a &&
+	echo Data for commit0. >b &&
+	git update-index --add a &&
+	git update-index --add b &&
+	tree0=$(git write-tree) &&
+	commit0=$(echo setup | git commit-tree $tree0) &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/master $commit0 &&
+	git clone ./. clone1 &&
+	git clone ./. clone2 &&
+	GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git branch new2 &&
+	echo Data for commit1. >clone2/b &&
+	GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git add clone2/b &&
+	GIT_DIR=clone2/.git git commit -m new2
 '
 
 for clone in 1 2; do
@@ -71,4 +71,18 @@ test_expect_success 'post-checkout receives the right args when not switching br
         test $old = $new -a $flag = 0
 '
 
+if test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = true; then
+mkdir -p templates/hooks
+cat >templates/hooks/post-checkout <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+echo $@ > $GIT_DIR/post-checkout.args
+EOF
+chmod +x templates/hooks/post-checkout
+
+test_expect_success 'post-checkout hook is triggered by clone' '
+	git clone --template=templates . clone3 &&
+	test -f clone3/.git/post-checkout.args
+'
+fi
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
index c450f33f3..18376d660 100755
--- a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Johannes Schindelin
 #
 
-test_description='Testing multi_ack pack fetching
+test_description='Testing multi_ack pack fetching'
 
-'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 # Test fetch-pack/upload-pack pair.
@@ -13,77 +12,60 @@ test_description='Testing multi_ack pack fetching
 # Some convenience functions
 
 add () {
-	name=$1
-	text="$@"
-	branch=`echo $name | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/'`
-	parents=""
+	name=$1 &&
+	text="$@" &&
+	branch=`echo $name | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/'` &&
+	parents="" &&
 
-	shift
+	shift &&
 	while test $1; do
-		parents="$parents -p $1"
+		parents="$parents -p $1" &&
 		shift
-	done
+	done &&
 
-	echo "$text" > test.txt
-	git update-index --add test.txt
-	tree=$(git write-tree)
+	echo "$text" > test.txt &&
+	git update-index --add test.txt &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
 	# make sure timestamps are in correct order
-	sec=$(($sec+1))
-	commit=$(echo "$text" | GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=$sec \
-		git commit-tree $tree $parents 2>>log2.txt)
-	eval "$name=$commit; export $name"
-	echo $commit > .git/refs/heads/$branch
+	test_tick &&
+	commit=$(echo "$text" | git commit-tree $tree $parents) &&
+	eval "$name=$commit; export $name" &&
+	echo $commit > .git/refs/heads/$branch &&
 	eval ${branch}TIP=$commit
 }
 
-count_objects () {
-	ls .git/objects/??/* 2>>log2.txt | wc -l | tr -d " "
-}
-
-test_expect_object_count () {
-	message=$1
-	count=$2
-
-	output="$(count_objects)"
-	test_expect_success \
-		"new object count $message" \
-		"test $count = $output"
-}
-
 pull_to_client () {
-	number=$1
-	heads=$2
-	count=$3
-	no_strict_count_check=$4
-
-	cd client
-	test_expect_success "$number pull" \
-		"git fetch-pack -k -v .. $heads"
-	case "$heads" in *A*) echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A;; esac
-	case "$heads" in *B*) echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B;; esac
-	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/`echo $heads | sed -e 's/^\(.\).*$/\1/'`
-
-	test_expect_success "fsck" 'git fsck --full > fsck.txt 2>&1'
-
-	test_expect_success 'check downloaded results' \
-	'mv .git/objects/pack/pack-* . &&
-	 p=`ls -1 pack-*.pack` &&
-	 git unpack-objects <$p &&
-	 git fsck --full'
-
-	test_expect_success "new object count after $number pull" \
-	'idx=`echo pack-*.idx` &&
-	 pack_count=`git show-index <$idx | wc -l` &&
-	 test $pack_count = $count'
-	test -z "$pack_count" && pack_count=0
-	if [ -z "$no_strict_count_check" ]; then
-		test_expect_success "minimal count" "test $count = $pack_count"
-	else
-		test $count != $pack_count && \
-			echo "WARNING: $pack_count objects transmitted, only $count of which were needed"
-	fi
-	rm -f pack-*
-	cd ..
+	number=$1 &&
+	heads=$2 &&
+	count=$3 &&
+	test_expect_success "$number pull" '
+		(
+			cd client &&
+			git fetch-pack -k -v .. $heads &&
+
+			case "$heads" in
+			    *A*)
+				    echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A;;
+			esac &&
+			case "$heads" in *B*)
+			    echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B;;
+			esac &&
+			git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/`echo $heads \
+				| sed -e "s/^\(.\).*$/\1/"` &&
+
+			git fsck --full &&
+
+			mv .git/objects/pack/pack-* . &&
+			p=`ls -1 pack-*.pack` &&
+			git unpack-objects <$p &&
+			git fsck --full &&
+
+			idx=`echo pack-*.idx` &&
+			pack_count=`git show-index <$idx | wc -l` &&
+			test $pack_count = $count &&
+			rm -f pack-*
+		)
+	'
 }
 
 # Here begins the actual testing
@@ -94,89 +76,176 @@ pull_to_client () {
 
 # client pulls A20, B1. Then tracks only B. Then pulls A.
 
-(
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	mkdir client &&
-	cd client &&
-	git init 2>> log2.txt &&
-	git config transfer.unpacklimit 0
-)
-
-add A1
-
-prev=1; cur=2; while [ $cur -le 10 ]; do
-	add A$cur $(eval echo \$A$prev)
-	prev=$cur
-	cur=$(($cur+1))
-done
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		git init &&
+		git config transfer.unpacklimit 0
+	) &&
+	add A1 &&
+	prev=1 &&
+	cur=2 &&
+	while [ $cur -le 10 ]; do
+		add A$cur $(eval echo \$A$prev) &&
+		prev=$cur &&
+		cur=$(($cur+1))
+	done &&
+	add B1 $A1
+	echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A &&
+	echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/B
+'
 
-add B1 $A1
+pull_to_client 1st "B A" $((11*3))
 
-echo $ATIP > .git/refs/heads/A
-echo $BTIP > .git/refs/heads/B
-git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/B
+test_expect_success 'post 1st pull setup' '
+	add A11 $A10 &&
+	prev=1 &&
+	cur=2 &&
+	while [ $cur -le 65 ]; do
+		add B$cur $(eval echo \$B$prev) &&
+		prev=$cur &&
+		cur=$(($cur+1))
+	done
+'
 
-pull_to_client 1st "B A" $((11*3))
+pull_to_client 2nd "B" $((64*3))
 
-add A11 $A10
+pull_to_client 3rd "A" $((1*3))
 
-prev=1; cur=2; while [ $cur -le 65 ]; do
-	add B$cur $(eval echo \$B$prev)
-	prev=$cur
-	cur=$(($cur+1))
-done
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow' '
+	git clone --depth 2 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow
+'
 
-pull_to_client 2nd "B" $((64*3))
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^in-pack: 18" count.shallow
+'
 
-pull_to_client 3rd "A" $((1*3)) # old fails
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count (part 2)' '
+	sed -e "/^in-pack:/d" -e "/^packs:/d" -e "/^size-pack:/d" \
+	    -e "/: 0$/d" count.shallow > count_output &&
+	! test -s count_output
+'
 
-test_expect_success "clone shallow" 'git clone --depth 2 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow'
+test_expect_success 'fsck in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fsck --full
+	)
+'
 
-(cd shallow; git count-objects -v) > count.shallow
+test_expect_success 'simple fetch in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fetch
+	)
+'
 
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"in-pack: 18\" = \"$(grep in-pack count.shallow)\""
+test_expect_success 'no changes expected' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow.2 &&
+	cmp count.shallow count.shallow.2
+'
 
-count_output () {
-	sed -e '/^in-pack:/d' -e '/^packs:/d' -e '/^size-pack:/d' -e '/: 0$/d' "$1"
-}
+test_expect_success 'fetch same depth in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fetch --depth=2
+	)
+'
 
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count (part 2)" '
-	test -z "$(count_output count.shallow)"
+test_expect_success 'no changes expected' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow.3 &&
+	cmp count.shallow count.shallow.3
 '
 
-test_expect_success "fsck in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git fsck --full)"
+test_expect_success 'add two more' '
+	add B66 $B65 &&
+	add B67 $B66
+'
 
-#test_done; exit
+test_expect_success 'pull in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git pull .. B
+	)
+'
 
-add B66 $B65
-add B67 $B66
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^count: 6" count.shallow
+'
 
-test_expect_success "pull in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git pull .. B)"
+test_expect_success 'add two more (part 2)' '
+	add B68 $B67 &&
+	add B69 $B68
+'
 
-(cd shallow; git count-objects -v) > count.shallow
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"count: 6\" = \"$(grep count count.shallow)\""
+test_expect_success 'deepening pull in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git pull --depth 4 .. B
+	)
+'
 
-add B68 $B67
-add B69 $B68
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^count: 12" count.shallow
+'
 
-test_expect_success "deepening pull in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git pull --depth 4 .. B)"
+test_expect_success 'deepening fetch in shallow repo' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fetch --depth 4 .. A:A
+	)
+'
 
-(cd shallow; git count-objects -v) > count.shallow
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"count: 12\" = \"$(grep count count.shallow)\""
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^count: 18" count.shallow
+'
 
-test_expect_success "deepening fetch in shallow repo" \
-	"(cd shallow; git fetch --depth 4 .. A:A)"
+test_expect_success 'pull in shallow repo with missing merge base' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		test_must_fail git pull --depth 4 .. A
+	)
+'
 
-(cd shallow; git count-objects -v) > count.shallow
-test_expect_success "clone shallow object count" \
-	"test \"count: 18\" = \"$(grep count count.shallow)\""
+test_expect_success 'additional simple shallow deepenings' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fetch --depth=8 &&
+		git fetch --depth=10 &&
+		git fetch --depth=11
+	)
+'
 
-test_expect_success "pull in shallow repo with missing merge base" \
-	"(cd shallow && test_must_fail git pull --depth 4 .. A)"
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow &&
+	grep "^count: 52" count.shallow
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh b/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
index 16eadd6b6..1037a723f 100755
--- a/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5502-quickfetch.sh
@@ -119,4 +119,24 @@ test_expect_success 'quickfetch should not copy from alternate' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'quickfetch should handle ~1000 refs (on Windows)' '
+
+	git gc &&
+	head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	branchprefix="$head refs/heads/branch" &&
+	for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9; do
+		for j in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9; do
+			for k in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9; do
+				echo "$branchprefix$i$j$k" >> .git/packed-refs
+			done
+		done
+	done &&
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		git fetch &&
+		git fetch
+	)
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
index 4074e23ff..d5db75d82 100755
--- a/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
+++ b/t/t5503-tagfollow.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ test_description='test automatic tag following'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	say "GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK not supported - skipping tests"
+	test_done
+esac
+
 # End state of the repository:
 #
 #         T - tag1          S - tag2
diff --git a/t/t5505-remote.sh b/t/t5505-remote.sh
index 1f59960d9..936fe0a1a 100755
--- a/t/t5505-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5505-remote.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ tokens_match () {
 }
 
 check_remote_track () {
-	actual=$(git remote show "$1" | sed -e '1,/Tracked/d') &&
+	actual=$(git remote show "$1" | sed -ne 's|^    \(.*\) tracked$|\1|p')
 	shift &&
 	tokens_match "$*" "$actual"
 }
@@ -107,50 +107,106 @@ test_expect_success 'remove remote' '
 )
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'remove remote protects non-remote branches' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	(cat >expect1 <<EOF
+Note: A non-remote branch was not removed; to delete it, use:
+  git branch -d master
+EOF
+    cat >expect2 <<EOF
+Note: Non-remote branches were not removed; to delete them, use:
+  git branch -d foobranch
+  git branch -d master
+EOF
+) &&
+	git tag footag
+	git config --add remote.oops.fetch "+refs/*:refs/*" &&
+	git remote rm oops 2>actual1 &&
+	git branch foobranch &&
+	git config --add remote.oops.fetch "+refs/*:refs/*" &&
+	git remote rm oops 2>actual2 &&
+	git branch -d foobranch &&
+	git tag -d footag &&
+	test_cmp expect1 actual1 &&
+	test_cmp expect2 actual2
+)
+'
+
 cat > test/expect << EOF
 * remote origin
-  URL: $(pwd)/one
-  Remote branch merged with 'git pull' while on branch master
-    master
-  New remote branch (next fetch will store in remotes/origin)
+  Fetch URL: $(pwd)/one
+  Push  URL: $(pwd)/one
+  HEAD branch: master
+  Remote branches:
+    master new (next fetch will store in remotes/origin)
+    side   tracked
+  Local branches configured for 'git pull':
+    ahead    merges with remote master
+    master   merges with remote master
+    octopus  merges with remote topic-a
+                and with remote topic-b
+                and with remote topic-c
+    rebase  rebases onto remote master
+  Local refs configured for 'git push':
+    master pushes to master   (local out of date)
+    master pushes to upstream (create)
+* remote two
+  Fetch URL: ../two
+  Push  URL: ../three
+  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):
+    another
     master
-  Tracked remote branches
-    side
-    master
-  Local branches pushed with 'git push'
-    master:upstream
-    +refs/tags/lastbackup
+  Local refs configured for 'git push':
+    ahead  forces to master  (fast-forwardable)
+    master pushes to another (up to date)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'show' '
 	(cd test &&
-	 git config --add remote.origin.fetch \
-		refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.fetch refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream &&
 	 git fetch &&
+	 git checkout -b ahead origin/master &&
+	 echo 1 >> file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m update file &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git branch --track octopus origin/master &&
+	 git branch --track rebase origin/master &&
 	 git branch -d -r origin/master &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.url ../two &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.pushurl ../three &&
+	 git config branch.rebase.rebase true &&
+	 git config branch.octopus.merge "topic-a topic-b topic-c" &&
 	 (cd ../one &&
 	  echo 1 > file &&
 	  test_tick &&
 	  git commit -m update file) &&
-	 git config remote.origin.push \
-		refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream &&
-	 git config --add remote.origin.push \
-		+refs/tags/lastbackup &&
-	 git remote show origin > output &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.push : &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.push refs/heads/master:refs/heads/upstream &&
+	 git config --add remote.origin.push +refs/tags/lastbackup &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.push +refs/heads/ahead:refs/heads/master &&
+	 git config --add remote.two.push refs/heads/master:refs/heads/another &&
+	 git remote show origin two > output &&
+	 git branch -d rebase octopus &&
 	 test_cmp expect output)
 '
 
 cat > test/expect << EOF
 * remote origin
-  URL: $(pwd)/one
-  Remote branch merged with 'git pull' while on branch master
-    master
-  Tracked remote branches
+  Fetch URL: $(pwd)/one
+  Push  URL: $(pwd)/one
+  HEAD branch: (not queried)
+  Remote branches: (status not queried)
     master
     side
-  Local branches pushed with 'git push'
-    master:upstream
-    +refs/tags/lastbackup
+  Local branches configured for 'git pull':
+    ahead  merges with remote master
+    master merges with remote master
+  Local refs configured for 'git push' (status not queried):
+    (matching)           pushes to (matching)
+    refs/heads/master    pushes to refs/heads/upstream
+    refs/tags/lastbackup forces to refs/tags/lastbackup
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'show -n' '
@@ -171,6 +227,46 @@ test_expect_success 'prune' '
 	 test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set-head --delete' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD &&
+	 git remote set-head --delete origin &&
+	 test_must_fail git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set-head --auto' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git remote set-head --auto origin &&
+	 echo refs/remotes/origin/master >expect &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD >output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output
+	)
+'
+
+cat >test/expect <<EOF
+error: Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:
+  git remote set-head two another
+  git remote set-head two master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set-head --auto fails w/multiple HEADs' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 test_must_fail git remote set-head --auto two >output 2>&1 &&
+	test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
+cat >test/expect <<EOF
+refs/remotes/origin/side2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'set-head explicit' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git remote set-head origin side2 &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD >output &&
+	 git remote set-head origin master &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
 cat > test/expect << EOF
 Pruning origin
 URL: $(pwd)/one
@@ -269,6 +365,17 @@ test_expect_success 'update with arguments' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'update --prune' '
+
+	(cd one &&
+	 git branch -m side2 side3) &&
+	(cd test &&
+	 git remote update --prune &&
+	 (cd ../one && git branch -m side3 side2)
+	 git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side3 &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side2)
+'
+
 cat > one/expect << EOF
   apis/master
   apis/side
@@ -312,12 +419,26 @@ test_expect_success 'update default (overridden, with funny whitespace)' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'update (with remotes.default defined)' '
+
+	(cd one &&
+	 for b in $(git branch -r)
+	 do
+		git branch -r -d $b || break
+	 done &&
+	 git config remotes.default "drosophila" &&
+	 git remote update &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success '"remote show" does not show symbolic refs' '
 
 	git clone one three &&
 	(cd three &&
 	 git remote show origin > output &&
-	 ! grep HEAD < output &&
+	 ! grep "^ *HEAD$" < output &&
 	 ! grep -i stale < output)
 
 '
@@ -376,4 +497,41 @@ test_expect_success 'migrate a remote from named file in $GIT_DIR/branches' '
 	 test "$(git config remote.origin.fetch)" = "refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin")
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'remote prune to cause a dangling symref' '
+	git clone one seven &&
+	(
+		cd one &&
+		git checkout side2 &&
+		git branch -D master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd seven &&
+		git remote prune origin
+	) 2>err &&
+	grep "has become dangling" err &&
+
+	: And the dangling symref will not cause other annoying errors
+	(
+		cd seven &&
+		git branch -a
+	) 2>err &&
+	! grep "points nowhere" err
+	(
+		cd seven &&
+		test_must_fail git branch nomore origin
+	) 2>err &&
+	grep "dangling symref" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'show empty remote' '
+
+	test_create_repo empty &&
+	git clone empty empty-clone &&
+	(
+		cd empty-clone &&
+		git remote show origin
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
+
diff --git a/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh b/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b7b7ddaa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5506-remote-groups.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git remote group handling'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+mark() {
+	echo "$1" >mark
+}
+
+update_repo() {
+	(cd $1 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -F ../mark)
+}
+
+update_repos() {
+	update_repo one $1 &&
+	update_repo two $1
+}
+
+repo_fetched() {
+	if test "`git log -1 --pretty=format:%s $1 --`" = "`cat mark`"; then
+		echo >&2 "repo was fetched: $1"
+		return 0
+	fi
+	echo >&2 "repo was not fetched: $1"
+	return 1
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir one && (cd one && git init) &&
+	mkdir two && (cd two && git init) &&
+	git remote add -m master one one &&
+	git remote add -m master two two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no group updates all' '
+	mark update-all &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git remote update &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nonexistant group produces error' '
+	mark nonexistant &&
+	update_repos &&
+	test_must_fail git remote update nonexistant &&
+	! repo_fetched one &&
+	! repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating group updates all members (remote update)' '
+	mark group-all &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git config --add remotes.all one &&
+	git config --add remotes.all two &&
+	git remote update all &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating group updates all members (fetch)' '
+	mark fetch-group-all &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git fetch all &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating group does not update non-members (remote update)' '
+	mark group-some &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git config --add remotes.some one &&
+	git remote update some &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	! repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating group does not update non-members (fetch)' '
+	mark fetch-group-some &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git config --add remotes.some one &&
+	git remote update some &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	! repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating remote name updates that remote' '
+	mark remote-name &&
+	update_repos &&
+	git remote update one &&
+	repo_fetched one &&
+	! repo_fetched two
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5510-fetch.sh b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
index 9e679b402..169af1edd 100755
--- a/t/t5510-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,11 @@ test_description='Per branch config variables affects "git fetch".
 
 D=`pwd`
 
+test_bundle_object_count () {
+	git verify-pack -v "$1" >verify.out &&
+	test "$2" = $(grep '^[0-9a-f]\{40\} ' verify.out | wc -l)
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	echo >file original &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -146,6 +151,7 @@ test_expect_success 'unbundle 1' '
 	test_must_fail git fetch "$D/bundle1" master:master
 '
 
+
 test_expect_success 'bundle 1 has only 3 files ' '
 	cd "$D" &&
 	(
@@ -156,8 +162,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bundle 1 has only 3 files ' '
 		cat
 	) <bundle1 >bundle.pack &&
 	git index-pack bundle.pack &&
-	verify=$(git verify-pack -v bundle.pack) &&
-	test 4 = $(echo "$verify" | wc -l)
+	test_bundle_object_count bundle.pack 3
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'unbundle 2' '
@@ -180,7 +185,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bundle does not prerequisite objects' '
 		cat
 	) <bundle3 >bundle.pack &&
 	git index-pack bundle.pack &&
-	test 4 = $(git verify-pack -v bundle.pack | wc -l)
+	test_bundle_object_count bundle.pack 3
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle should be able to create a full history' '
@@ -191,38 +196,39 @@ test_expect_success 'bundle should be able to create a full history' '
 
 '
 
-test "$TEST_RSYNC" && {
+! rsync --help > /dev/null 2> /dev/null &&
+say 'Skipping rsync tests because rsync was not found' || {
 test_expect_success 'fetch via rsync' '
 	git pack-refs &&
 	mkdir rsynced &&
-	cd rsynced &&
-	git init &&
-	git fetch rsync://127.0.0.1$(pwd)/../.git master:refs/heads/master &&
-	git gc --prune &&
-	test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
-	git fsck --full
+	(cd rsynced &&
+	 git init --bare &&
+	 git fetch "rsync:$(pwd)/../.git" master:refs/heads/master &&
+	 git gc --prune &&
+	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
+	 git fsck --full)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push via rsync' '
-	mkdir ../rsynced2 &&
-	(cd ../rsynced2 &&
+	mkdir rsynced2 &&
+	(cd rsynced2 &&
 	 git init) &&
-	git push rsync://127.0.0.1$(pwd)/../rsynced2/.git master &&
-	cd ../rsynced2 &&
-	git gc --prune &&
-	test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
-	git fsck --full
+	(cd rsynced &&
+	 git push "rsync:$(pwd)/../rsynced2/.git" master) &&
+	(cd rsynced2 &&
+	 git gc --prune &&
+	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
+	 git fsck --full)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push via rsync' '
-	cd .. &&
 	mkdir rsynced3 &&
 	(cd rsynced3 &&
 	 git init) &&
-	git push --all rsync://127.0.0.1$(pwd)/rsynced3/.git &&
-	cd rsynced3 &&
-	test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
-	git fsck --full
+	git push --all "rsync:$(pwd)/rsynced3/.git" &&
+	(cd rsynced3 &&
+	 test $(git rev-parse master) = $(cd .. && git rev-parse master) &&
+	 git fsck --full)
 '
 }
 
@@ -335,4 +341,15 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch into the current branch with --update-head-ok' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success "should be able to fetch with duplicate refspecs" '
+        mkdir dups &&
+        cd dups &&
+        git init &&
+        git config branch.master.remote three &&
+        git config remote.three.url ../three/.git &&
+        git config remote.three.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* &&
+        git config --add remote.three.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* &&
+        git fetch three
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5511-refspec.sh b/t/t5511-refspec.sh
index 22ba38003..c28932216 100755
--- a/t/t5511-refspec.sh
+++ b/t/t5511-refspec.sh
@@ -72,4 +72,16 @@ test_refspec fetch ':refs/remotes/frotz/HEAD-to-me'
 test_refspec push ':refs/remotes/frotz/delete me'		invalid
 test_refspec fetch ':refs/remotes/frotz/HEAD to me'		invalid
 
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah' invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*-blah' invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*' invalid
+
+test_refspec fetch 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
+test_refspec push 'refs/heads/*/for-linus:refs/remotes/mine/*'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b73733219
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='fetch --all works correctly'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+setup_repository () {
+	mkdir "$1" && (
+	cd "$1" &&
+	git init &&
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Initial" &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	>elif &&
+	git add elif &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Second" &&
+	git checkout master
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	setup_repository one &&
+	setup_repository two &&
+	(
+		cd two && git branch another
+	) &&
+	git clone --mirror two three
+	git clone one test
+'
+
+cat > test/expect << EOF
+  one/master
+  one/side
+  origin/HEAD -> origin/master
+  origin/master
+  origin/side
+  three/another
+  three/master
+  three/side
+  two/another
+  two/master
+  two/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --all' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 git remote add one ../one &&
+	 git remote add two ../two &&
+	 git remote add three ../three &&
+	 git fetch --all &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp expect output)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --all should continue if a remote has errors' '
+	(git clone one test2 &&
+	 cd test2 &&
+	 git remote add bad ../non-existing &&
+	 git remote add one ../one &&
+	 git remote add two ../two &&
+	 git remote add three ../three &&
+	 test_must_fail git fetch --all &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp ../test/expect output)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --all does not allow non-option arguments' '
+	(cd test &&
+	 test_must_fail git fetch --all origin &&
+	 test_must_fail git fetch --all origin master)
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+  origin/HEAD -> origin/master
+  origin/master
+  origin/side
+  three/another
+  three/master
+  three/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --multiple (but only one remote)' '
+	(git clone one test3 &&
+	 cd test3 &&
+	 git remote add three ../three &&
+	 git fetch --multiple three &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp ../expect output)
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+  one/master
+  one/side
+  two/another
+  two/master
+  two/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --multiple (two remotes)' '
+	(git clone one test4 &&
+	 cd test4 &&
+	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 git remote add one ../one &&
+	 git remote add two ../two &&
+	 git fetch --multiple one two &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp ../expect output)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --multiple (bad remote names)' '
+	(cd test4 &&
+	 test_must_fail git fetch --multiple four)
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --all (skipFetchAll)' '
+	(cd test4 &&
+	 for b in $(git branch -r)
+	 do
+		git branch -r -d $b || break
+	 done &&
+	 git remote add three ../three &&
+	 git config remote.three.skipFetchAll true &&
+	 git fetch --all &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp ../expect output)
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+  one/master
+  one/side
+  three/another
+  three/master
+  three/side
+  two/another
+  two/master
+  two/side
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --multiple (ignoring skipFetchAll)' '
+	(cd test4 &&
+	 for b in $(git branch -r)
+	 do
+		git branch -r -d $b || break
+	 done &&
+	 git fetch --multiple one two three &&
+	 git branch -r > output &&
+	 test_cmp ../expect output)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh b/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
index 1f4608d8b..dbb927dec 100755
--- a/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
+++ b/t/t5515-fetch-merge-logic.sh
@@ -129,8 +129,7 @@ do
 	'' | '#'*) continue ;;
 	esac
 	test=`echo "$cmd" | sed -e 's|[/ ][/ ]*|_|g'`
-	cnt=`expr $test_count + 1`
-	pfx=`printf "%04d" $cnt`
+	pfx=`printf "%04d" $test_count`
 	expect_f="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t5515/fetch.$test"
 	actual_f="$pfx-fetch.$test"
 	expect_r="$TEST_DIRECTORY/t5515/refs.$test"
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
index 4426df922..6889a53cf 100755
--- a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -122,6 +122,23 @@ test_expect_success 'fetch with insteadOf' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch with pushInsteadOf (should not rewrite)' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	(
+		TRASH=$(pwd)/ &&
+		cd testrepo &&
+		git config "url.trash/.pushInsteadOf" "$TRASH" &&
+		git config remote.up.url "$TRASH." &&
+		git config remote.up.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" &&
+		git fetch up &&
+
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'push without wildcard' '
 	mk_empty &&
 
@@ -162,6 +179,36 @@ test_expect_success 'push with insteadOf' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push with pushInsteadOf' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	TRASH="$(pwd)/" &&
+	git config "url.$TRASH.pushInsteadOf" trash/ &&
+	git push trash/testrepo refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push with pushInsteadOf and explicit pushurl (pushInsteadOf should not rewrite)' '
+	mk_empty &&
+	TRASH="$(pwd)/" &&
+	git config "url.trash2/.pushInsteadOf" trash/ &&
+	git config remote.r.url trash/wrong &&
+	git config remote.r.pushurl "$TRASH/testrepo" &&
+	git push r refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	(
+		cd testrepo &&
+		r=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/remotes/origin/master) &&
+		test "z$r" = "z$the_commit" &&
+
+		test 1 = $(git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin | wc -l)
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'push with matching heads' '
 
 	mk_test heads/master &&
@@ -419,6 +466,19 @@ test_expect_success 'push with config remote.*.push = HEAD' '
 git config --remove-section remote.there
 git config --remove-section branch.master
 
+test_expect_success 'push with config remote.*.pushurl' '
+
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git config remote.there.url test2repo &&
+	git config remote.there.pushurl testrepo &&
+	git push there &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master
+'
+
+# clean up the cruft left with the previous one
+git config --remove-section remote.there
+
 test_expect_success 'push with dry-run' '
 
 	mk_test heads/master &&
@@ -492,7 +552,7 @@ test_expect_success 'warn on push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
 		git checkout master &&
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch warn) &&
 	git push testrepo master 2>stderr &&
-	grep "warning.*this may cause confusion" stderr
+	grep "warning: updating the current branch" stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'deny push to HEAD of non-bare repository' '
@@ -510,7 +570,7 @@ test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of bare repository (bare)' '
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch true &&
 		git config core.bare true) &&
 	git push testrepo master 2>stderr &&
-	! grep "warning.*this may cause confusion" stderr
+	! grep "warning: updating the current branch" stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of non-bare repository (config)' '
@@ -520,7 +580,7 @@ test_expect_success 'allow push to HEAD of non-bare repository (config)' '
 		git config receive.denyCurrentBranch false
 	) &&
 	git push testrepo master 2>stderr &&
-	! grep "warning.*this may cause confusion" stderr
+	! grep "warning: updating the current branch" stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch with branches' '
diff --git a/t/t5518-fetch-exit-status.sh b/t/t5518-fetch-exit-status.sh
index c6bc65faa..c2060bb87 100755
--- a/t/t5518-fetch-exit-status.sh
+++ b/t/t5518-fetch-exit-status.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git commit -a -m next
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'non fast forward fetch' '
+test_expect_success 'non-fast-forward fetch' '
 
 	test_must_fail git fetch . master:side
 
diff --git a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..96be5236a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='push to a repository that borrows from elsewhere'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir alice-pub &&
+	(
+		cd alice-pub &&
+		GIT_DIR=. git init
+	) &&
+	mkdir alice-work &&
+	(
+		cd alice-work &&
+		git init &&
+		>file &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m initial &&
+		git push ../alice-pub master
+	) &&
+
+	# Project Bob is a fork of project Alice
+	mkdir bob-pub &&
+	(
+		cd bob-pub &&
+		GIT_DIR=. git init &&
+		mkdir -p objects/info &&
+		echo ../../alice-pub/objects >objects/info/alternates
+	) &&
+	git clone alice-pub bob-work &&
+	(
+		cd bob-work &&
+		git push ../bob-pub master
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes' '
+	(
+		cd alice-work &&
+		echo more >file &&
+		git commit -a -m second &&
+		git push ../alice-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bob fetches from alice, works and pushes' '
+	(
+		# Bob acquires what Alice did in his work tree first.
+		# Even though these objects are not directly in
+		# the public repository of Bob, this push does not
+		# need to send the commit Bob received from Alice
+		# to his public repository, as all the object Alice
+		# has at her public repository are available to it
+		# via its alternates.
+		cd bob-work &&
+		git pull ../alice-pub master &&
+		echo more bob >file &&
+		git commit -a -m third &&
+		git push ../bob-pub
+	) &&
+
+	# Check that the second commit by Alice is not sent
+	# to ../bob-pub
+	(
+		cd bob-pub &&
+		second=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+		rm -f objects/info/alternates &&
+		test_must_fail git cat-file -t $second &&
+		echo ../../alice-pub/objects >objects/info/alternates
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clean-up in case the previous failed' '
+	(
+		cd bob-pub &&
+		echo ../../alice-pub/objects >objects/info/alternates
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes again' '
+	(
+		# Alice does not care what Bob does.  She does not
+		# even have to be aware of his existence.  She just
+		# keeps working and pushing
+		cd alice-work &&
+		echo more alice >file &&
+		git commit -a -m fourth &&
+		git push ../alice-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes' '
+	(
+		# This time Bob does not pull from Alice, and
+		# the master branch at her public repository points
+		# at a commit Bob does not know about.  This should
+		# not prevent the push by Bob from succeeding.
+		cd bob-work &&
+		echo yet more bob >file &&
+		git commit -a -m fifth &&
+		git push ../bob-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes yet again' '
+	(
+		# Alice does not care what Bob does.  She does not
+		# even have to be aware of his existence.  She just
+		# keeps working and pushing
+		cd alice-work &&
+		echo more and more alice >file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.1 &&
+		echo more and more alice >>file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.2 &&
+		echo more and more alice >>file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.3 &&
+		git push ../alice-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes again' '
+	(
+		cd alice-pub &&
+		git cat-file commit master >../bob-work/commit
+	)
+	(
+		# This time Bob does not pull from Alice, and
+		# the master branch at her public repository points
+		# at a commit Bob does not fully know about, but
+		# he happens to have the commit object (but not the
+		# necessary tree) in his repository from Alice.
+		# This should not prevent the push by Bob from
+		# succeeding.
+		cd bob-work &&
+		git hash-object -t commit -w commit &&
+		echo even more bob >file &&
+		git commit -a -m seventh &&
+		git push ../bob-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index 725771fac..dd2ee842e 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -92,20 +92,47 @@ test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased upstream' '
 
 	git remote add -f me . &&
 	git checkout copy &&
+	git tag copy-orig &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 	echo conflicting modification > file &&
 	git commit -m conflict file &&
 	git checkout to-rebase &&
 	echo file > file2 &&
 	git commit -m to-rebase file2 &&
+	git tag to-rebase-orig &&
 	git pull --rebase me copy &&
 	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
 	test file = $(cat file2)
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased default upstream' '
+
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy-orig &&
+	git checkout --track -b to-rebase2 me/copy &&
+	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
+	git pull --rebase &&
+	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
+	test file = $(cat file2)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebased upstream + fetch + pull --rebase' '
+
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy-orig &&
+	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
+	git checkout --track -b to-rebase3 me/copy &&
+	git reset --hard to-rebase-orig &&
+	git fetch &&
+	git pull --rebase &&
+	test "conflicting modification" = "$(cat file)" &&
+	test file = "$(cat file2)"
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
 
+	git checkout to-rebase &&
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/me/copy copy^ &&
 	COPY=$(git rev-parse --verify me/copy) &&
 	git rebase --onto $COPY copy &&
@@ -122,4 +149,15 @@ test_expect_success 'pull --rebase dies early with dirty working directory' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pull --rebase works on branch yet to be born' '
+	git rev-parse master >expect &&
+	mkdir empty_repo &&
+	(cd empty_repo &&
+	 git init &&
+	 git pull --rebase .. master &&
+	 git rev-parse HEAD >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh b/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..86bbd7d02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5522-pull-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='pulling from symlinked subdir'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+# The scenario we are building:
+#
+#   trash\ directory/
+#     clone-repo/
+#       subdir/
+#         bar
+#     subdir-link -> clone-repo/subdir/
+#
+# The working directory is subdir-link.
+
+mkdir subdir
+echo file >subdir/file
+git add subdir/file
+git commit -q -m file
+git clone -q . clone-repo
+ln -s clone-repo/subdir/ subdir-link
+
+
+# Demonstrate that things work if we just avoid the symlink
+#
+test_expect_success 'pulling from real subdir' '
+	(
+		echo real >subdir/file &&
+		git commit -m real subdir/file &&
+		cd clone-repo/subdir/ &&
+		git pull &&
+		test real = $(cat file)
+	)
+'
+
+# From subdir-link, pulling should work as it does from
+# clone-repo/subdir/.
+#
+# Instead, the error pull gave was:
+#
+#   fatal: 'origin': unable to chdir or not a git archive
+#   fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
+#
+# because git would find the .git/config for the "trash directory"
+# repo, not for the clone-repo repo.  The "trash directory" repo
+# had no entry for origin.  Git found the wrong .git because
+# git rev-parse --show-cdup printed a path relative to
+# clone-repo/subdir/, not subdir-link/.  Git rev-parse --show-cdup
+# used the correct .git, but when the git pull shell script did
+# "cd `git rev-parse --show-cdup`", it ended up in the wrong
+# directory.  A POSIX shell's "cd" works a little differently
+# than chdir() in C; "cd -P" is much closer to chdir().
+#
+test_expect_success 'pulling from symlinked subdir' '
+	(
+		echo link >subdir/file &&
+		git commit -m link subdir/file &&
+		cd subdir-link/ &&
+		git pull &&
+		test link = $(cat file)
+	)
+'
+
+# Prove that the remote end really is a repo, and other commands
+# work fine in this context.  It's just that "git pull" breaks.
+#
+test_expect_success 'pushing from symlinked subdir' '
+	(
+		cd subdir-link/ &&
+		echo push >file &&
+		git commit -m push ./file &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	test push = $(git show HEAD:subdir/file)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
index f5102b902..a696b8791 100755
--- a/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
+++ b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
@@ -30,11 +30,12 @@ test_expect_success 'fsck fails' '
 	test_must_fail git fsck
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'upload-pack fails due to error in pack-objects' '
+test_expect_success 'upload-pack fails due to error in pack-objects packing' '
 
 	! echo "0032want $(git rev-parse HEAD)
 00000009done
 0000" | git upload-pack . > /dev/null 2> output.err &&
+	grep "unable to read" output.err &&
 	grep "pack-objects died" output.err
 '
 
@@ -51,9 +52,21 @@ test_expect_success 'fsck fails' '
 test_expect_success 'upload-pack fails due to error in rev-list' '
 
 	! echo "0032want $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+0034shallow $(git rev-parse HEAD^)00000009done
+0000" | git upload-pack . > /dev/null 2> output.err &&
+	# pack-objects survived
+	grep "Total.*, reused" output.err &&
+	# but there was an error, which must have been in rev-list
+	grep "bad tree object" output.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'upload-pack fails due to error in pack-objects enumeration' '
+
+	! echo "0032want $(git rev-parse HEAD)
 00000009done
 0000" | git upload-pack . > /dev/null 2> output.err &&
-	grep "waitpid (async) failed" output.err
+	grep "bad tree object" output.err &&
+	grep "pack-objects died" output.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'create empty repository' '
diff --git a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..65d8d474b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='unpack-objects'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	mkdir pub.git &&
+	GIT_DIR=pub.git git init --bare
+	GIT_DIR=pub.git git config receive.fsckobjects true &&
+	mkdir work &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git init &&
+		mkdir -p gar/bage &&
+		(
+			cd gar/bage &&
+			git init &&
+			>junk &&
+			git add junk &&
+			git commit -m "Initial junk"
+		) &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Initial superproject"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success push '
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		git push ../pub.git master
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5540-http-push.sh b/t/t5540-http-push.sh
index da9588645..bb18f8bfc 100755
--- a/t/t5540-http-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5540-http-push.sh
@@ -3,30 +3,23 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2008 Clemens Buchacher <drizzd@aon.at>
 #
 
-test_description='test http-push
+test_description='test WebDAV http-push
 
 This test runs various sanity checks on http-push.'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-ROOT_PATH="$PWD"
-LIB_HTTPD_DAV=t
-
 if git http-push > /dev/null 2>&1 || [ $? -eq 128 ]
 then
 	say "skipping test, USE_CURL_MULTI is not defined"
 	test_done
-	exit
 fi
 
+LIB_HTTPD_DAV=t
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5540'}
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
-
-if ! start_httpd >&3 2>&4
-then
-	say "skipping test, web server setup failed"
-	test_done
-	exit
-fi
+ROOT_PATH="$PWD"
+start_httpd
 
 test_expect_success 'setup remote repository' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
@@ -42,26 +35,79 @@ test_expect_success 'setup remote repository' '
 	cd test_repo.git &&
 	git --bare update-server-info &&
 	mv hooks/post-update.sample hooks/post-update &&
+	ORIG_HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	cd - &&
 	mv test_repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone remote repository' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
-	git clone $HTTPD_URL/test_repo.git test_repo_clone
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/test_repo.git test_repo_clone
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'push to remote repository' '
+test_expect_success 'push to remote repository with packed refs' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
 	: >path2 &&
 	git add path2 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m path2 &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git push &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
+	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD))
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push already up-to-date' '
+	git push
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to remote repository with unpacked refs' '
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
+	 rm packed-refs &&
+	 git update-ref refs/heads/master $ORIG_HEAD &&
+	 git --bare update-server-info) &&
 	git push &&
-	[ -f "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git/refs/heads/master" ]
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
+	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD))
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'create and delete remote branch' '
+test_expect_success 'http-push fetches unpacked objects' '
+	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git \
+		"$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_unpacked.git &&
+
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/test_repo_unpacked.git \
+		"$ROOT_PATH"/fetch_unpacked &&
+
+	# By reset, we force git to retrieve the object
+	(cd "$ROOT_PATH"/fetch_unpacked &&
+	 git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 git reflog expire --expire=0 --all &&
+	 git prune &&
+	 git push -f -v $HTTPD_URL/dumb/test_repo_unpacked.git master)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http-push fetches packed objects' '
+	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git \
+		"$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_packed.git &&
+
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/test_repo_packed.git \
+		"$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone_packed &&
+
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_packed.git &&
+	 git --bare repack &&
+	 git --bare prune-packed) &&
+
+	# By reset, we force git to retrieve the packed object
+	(cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone_packed &&
+	 git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 git reflog expire --expire=0 --all &&
+	 git prune &&
+	 git push -f -v $HTTPD_URL/dumb/test_repo_packed.git master)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create and delete remote branch' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
 	git checkout -b dev &&
 	: >path3 &&
@@ -69,13 +115,28 @@ test_expect_failure 'create and delete remote branch' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m dev &&
 	git push origin dev &&
-	git fetch &&
 	git push origin :dev &&
-	git branch -d -r origin/dev &&
-	git fetch &&
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/remotes/origin/dev
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'MKCOL sends directory names with trailing slashes' '
+
+	! grep "\"MKCOL.*[^/] HTTP/[^ ]*\"" < "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
+
+'
+
+x1="[0-9a-f]"
+x2="$x1$x1"
+x5="$x1$x1$x1$x1$x1"
+x38="$x5$x5$x5$x5$x5$x5$x5$x1$x1$x1"
+x40="$x38$x2"
+
+test_expect_success 'PUT and MOVE sends object to URLs with SHA-1 hash suffix' '
+	sed -e "s/PUT /OP /" -e "s/MOVE /OP /" "$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log |
+	grep -e "\"OP .*/objects/$x2/${x38}_$x40 HTTP/[.0-9]*\" 20[0-9] "
+
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5541-http-push.sh b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2a58d0cc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Clemens Buchacher <drizzd@aon.at>
+#
+
+test_description='test smart pushing over http via http-backend'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
+	say 'skipping test, git built without http support'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+ROOT_PATH="$PWD"
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5541'}
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'setup remote repository' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
+	mkdir test_repo &&
+	cd test_repo &&
+	git init &&
+	: >path1 &&
+	git add path1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	cd - &&
+	git clone --bare test_repo test_repo.git &&
+	cd test_repo.git &&
+	git config http.receivepack true &&
+	ORIG_HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	cd - &&
+	mv test_repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone remote repository' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/test_repo.git test_repo_clone
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to remote repository' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	: >path2 &&
+	git add path2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m path2 &&
+	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	git push &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git &&
+	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD))
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push already up-to-date' '
+	git push
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create and delete remote branch' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	git checkout -b dev &&
+	: >path3 &&
+	git add path3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m dev &&
+	git push origin dev &&
+	git push origin :dev &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/remotes/origin/dev
+'
+
+cat >exp <<EOF
+GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'used receive-pack service' '
+	sed -e "
+		s/^.* \"//
+		s/\"//
+		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
+		s/^GET /GET  /
+	" >act <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
+	test_cmp exp act
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8cfce969b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test dumb fetching over http via static file'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
+	say 'skipping test, git built without http support'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5550'}
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create http-accessible bare repository' '
+	mkdir "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	 git --bare init &&
+	 echo "exec git update-server-info" >hooks/post-update &&
+	 chmod +x hooks/post-update
+	) &&
+	git remote add public "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	git push public master:master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone http repository' '
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo.git clone &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch changes via http' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	git push public
+	(cd clone && git pull) &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http remote detects correct HEAD' '
+	git push public master:other &&
+	(cd clone &&
+	 git remote set-head origin -d &&
+	 git remote set-head origin -a &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD > output &&
+	 echo refs/remotes/origin/master > expect &&
+	 test_cmp expect output
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch packed objects' '
+	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
+	cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
+	git --bare repack &&
+	git --bare prune-packed &&
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo_pack.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'did not use upload-pack service' '
+	grep '/git-upload-pack' <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log >act
+	: >exp
+	test_cmp exp act
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7faa31a29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test smart fetching over http via http-backend'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
+	say 'skipping test, git built without http support'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5551'}
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create http-accessible bare repository' '
+	mkdir "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	 git --bare init
+	) &&
+	git remote add public "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	git push public master:master
+'
+
+cat >exp <<EOF
+> GET /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1
+> Accept: */*
+> Pragma: no-cache
+< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+< Pragma: no-cache
+< Cache-Control: no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate
+< Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-advertisement
+> POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1
+> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip
+> Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-request
+> Accept: application/x-git-upload-pack-result
+> Content-Length: xxx
+< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+< Pragma: no-cache
+< Cache-Control: no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate
+< Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-result
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'clone http repository' '
+	GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1 git clone --quiet $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git clone 2>err &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file &&
+	tr '\''\015'\'' Q <err |
+	sed -e "
+		s/Q\$//
+		/^[*] /d
+		/^$/d
+		/^< $/d
+
+		/^[^><]/{
+			s/^/> /
+		}
+
+		/^> User-Agent: /d
+		/^> Host: /d
+		/^> POST /,$ {
+			/^> Accept: [*]\\/[*]/d
+		}
+		s/^> Content-Length: .*/> Content-Length: xxx/
+		/^> 00..want /d
+		/^> 00.*done/d
+
+		/^< Server: /d
+		/^< Expires: /d
+		/^< Date: /d
+		/^< Content-Length: /d
+		/^< Transfer-Encoding: /d
+	" >act &&
+	test_cmp exp act
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch changes via http' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	git push public
+	(cd clone && git pull) &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file
+'
+
+cat >exp <<EOF
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'used upload-pack service' '
+	sed -e "
+		s/^.* \"//
+		s/\"//
+		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
+		s/^GET /GET  /
+	" >act <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
+	test_cmp exp act
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5560-http-backend.sh b/t/t5560-http-backend.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ed034bc98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5560-http-backend.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test git-http-backend'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if test -n "$NO_CURL"; then
+	say 'skipping test, git built without http support'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5560'}
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+start_httpd
+
+find_file() {
+	cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	find $1 -type f |
+	sed -e 1q
+}
+
+config() {
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" config $1 $2
+}
+
+GET() {
+	curl --include "$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git/$1" >out 2>/dev/null &&
+	tr '\015' Q <out |
+	sed '
+		s/Q$//
+		1q
+	' >act &&
+	echo "HTTP/1.1 $2" >exp &&
+	test_cmp exp act
+}
+
+POST() {
+	curl --include --data "$2" \
+	--header "Content-Type: application/x-$1-request" \
+	"$HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git/$1" >out 2>/dev/null &&
+	tr '\015' Q <out |
+	sed '
+		s/Q$//
+		1q
+	' >act &&
+	echo "HTTP/1.1 $3" >exp &&
+	test_cmp exp act
+}
+
+log_div() {
+	echo >>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
+	echo "###  $1" >>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
+	echo "###" >>"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+
+	mkdir "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	 git --bare init &&
+	 : >objects/info/alternates &&
+	 : >objects/info/http-alternates
+	) &&
+	git remote add public "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	git push public master:master &&
+
+	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	 git repack -a -d
+	) &&
+
+	echo other >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m two &&
+	git push public master:master &&
+
+	LOOSE_URL=$(find_file objects/??) &&
+	PACK_URL=$(find_file objects/pack/*.pack) &&
+	IDX_URL=$(find_file objects/pack/*.idx)
+'
+
+get_static_files() {
+	GET HEAD "$1" &&
+	GET info/refs "$1" &&
+	GET objects/info/packs "$1" &&
+	GET objects/info/alternates "$1" &&
+	GET objects/info/http-alternates "$1" &&
+	GET $LOOSE_URL "$1" &&
+	GET $PACK_URL "$1" &&
+	GET $IDX_URL "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'direct refs/heads/master not found' '
+	log_div "refs/heads/master"
+	GET refs/heads/master "404 Not Found"
+'
+test_expect_success 'static file is ok' '
+	log_div "getanyfile default"
+	get_static_files "200 OK"
+'
+test_expect_success 'static file if http.getanyfile true is ok' '
+	log_div "getanyfile true"
+	config http.getanyfile true &&
+	get_static_files "200 OK"
+'
+test_expect_success 'static file if http.getanyfile false fails' '
+	log_div "getanyfile false"
+	config http.getanyfile false &&
+	get_static_files "403 Forbidden"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack default enabled' '
+	log_div "uploadpack default"
+	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "200 OK"  &&
+	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "200 OK"
+'
+test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack true' '
+	log_div "uploadpack true"
+	config http.uploadpack true &&
+	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "200 OK" &&
+	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "200 OK"
+'
+test_expect_success 'http.uploadpack false' '
+	log_div "uploadpack false"
+	config http.uploadpack false &&
+	GET info/refs?service=git-upload-pack "403 Forbidden" &&
+	POST git-upload-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http.receivepack default disabled' '
+	log_div "receivepack default"
+	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "403 Forbidden"  &&
+	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
+'
+test_expect_success 'http.receivepack true' '
+	log_div "receivepack true"
+	config http.receivepack true &&
+	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "200 OK" &&
+	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "200 OK"
+'
+test_expect_success 'http.receivepack false' '
+	log_div "receivepack false"
+	config http.receivepack false &&
+	GET info/refs?service=git-receive-pack "403 Forbidden" &&
+	POST git-receive-pack 0000 "403 Forbidden"
+'
+
+run_backend() {
+	REQUEST_METHOD=GET \
+	GIT_PROJECT_ROOT="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH" \
+	PATH_INFO="$2" \
+	git http-backend >act.out 2>act.err
+}
+
+path_info() {
+	if test $1 = 0; then
+		run_backend "$2"
+	else
+		test_must_fail run_backend "$2" &&
+		echo "fatal: '$2': aliased" >exp.err &&
+		test_cmp exp.err act.err
+	fi
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'http-backend blocks bad PATH_INFO' '
+	config http.getanyfile true &&
+
+	run_backend 0 /repo.git/HEAD &&
+
+	run_backend 1 /repo.git/../HEAD &&
+	run_backend 1 /../etc/passwd &&
+	run_backend 1 ../etc/passwd &&
+	run_backend 1 /etc//passwd &&
+	run_backend 1 /etc/./passwd &&
+	run_backend 1 /etc/.../passwd &&
+	run_backend 1 //domain/data.txt
+'
+
+cat >exp <<EOF
+
+###  refs/heads/master
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/refs/heads/master HTTP/1.1 404 -
+
+###  getanyfile default
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/HEAD HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/packs HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/alternates HTTP/1.1 200 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/http-alternates HTTP/1.1 200 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$LOOSE_URL HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$PACK_URL HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$IDX_URL HTTP/1.1 200
+
+###  getanyfile true
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/HEAD HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/packs HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/alternates HTTP/1.1 200 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/http-alternates HTTP/1.1 200 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$LOOSE_URL HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$PACK_URL HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$IDX_URL HTTP/1.1 200
+
+###  getanyfile false
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/HEAD HTTP/1.1 403 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs HTTP/1.1 403 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/packs HTTP/1.1 403 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/alternates HTTP/1.1 403 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/objects/info/http-alternates HTTP/1.1 403 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$LOOSE_URL HTTP/1.1 403 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$PACK_URL HTTP/1.1 403 -
+GET  /smart/repo.git/$IDX_URL HTTP/1.1 403 -
+
+###  uploadpack default
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200 -
+
+###  uploadpack true
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200 -
+
+###  uploadpack false
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
+
+###  receivepack default
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
+
+###  receivepack true
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200 -
+
+###  receivepack false
+###
+GET  /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
+POST /smart/repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 403 -
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'server request log matches test results' '
+	sed -e "
+		s/^.* \"//
+		s/\"//
+		s/ [1-9][0-9]*\$//
+		s/^GET /GET  /
+	" >act <"$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH"/access.log &&
+	test_cmp exp act
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5601-clone.sh b/t/t5601-clone.sh
index 78a3fa639..214756731 100755
--- a/t/t5601-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t5601-clone.sh
@@ -125,4 +125,55 @@ test_expect_success 'clone to destination with extra trailing /' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone to an existing empty directory' '
+	mkdir target-3 &&
+	git clone src target-3 &&
+	T=$( cd target-3 && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	S=$( cd src && git rev-parse HEAD ) &&
+	test "$T" = "$S"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to an existing non-empty directory' '
+	mkdir target-4 &&
+	>target-4/Fakefile &&
+	test_must_fail git clone src target-4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone to an existing path' '
+	>target-5 &&
+	test_must_fail git clone src target-5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone a void' '
+	mkdir src-0 &&
+	(
+		cd src-0 && git init
+	) &&
+	git clone "file://$(pwd)/src-0" target-6 2>err-6 &&
+	! grep "fatal:" err-6 &&
+	(
+		cd src-0 && test_commit A
+	) &&
+	git clone "file://$(pwd)/src-0" target-7 2>err-7 &&
+	! grep "fatal:" err-7 &&
+	# There is no reason to insist they are bit-for-bit
+	# identical, but this test should suffice for now.
+	test_cmp target-6/.git/config target-7/.git/config
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone respects global branch.autosetuprebase' '
+	(
+		HOME=$(pwd) &&
+		export HOME &&
+		test_config="$HOME/.gitconfig" &&
+		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
+		git config -f "$test_config" branch.autosetuprebase remote &&
+		rm -fr dst &&
+		git clone src dst &&
+		cd dst &&
+		actual="z$(git config branch.master.rebase)" &&
+		test ztrue = $actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh b/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
index 82b1d1e2b..deffdaee4 100755
--- a/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
+++ b/t/t5602-clone-remote-exec.sh
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ test_expect_success 'clone calls git upload-pack unqualified with no -u option'
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone calls specified git upload-pack with -u option' '
-	GIT_SSH=./not_ssh git clone -u /something/bin/git-upload-pack localhost:/path/to/repo junk
-	echo "localhost /something/bin/git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected
+	GIT_SSH=./not_ssh git clone -u ./something/bin/git-upload-pack localhost:/path/to/repo junk
+	echo "localhost ./something/bin/git-upload-pack '\''/path/to/repo'\''" >expected
 	test_cmp expected not_ssh_output
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
index 8dfaaa456..19b5c0d55 100755
--- a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
+++ b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ test_expect_success 'preparing origin repository' '
 	git clone --bare . x &&
 	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=a.git/config git config --bool core.bare)" = true &&
 	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=x/config git config --bool core.bare)" = true
-	git bundle create b1.bundle --all HEAD &&
-	git bundle create b2.bundle --all &&
+	git bundle create b1.bundle --all &&
+	git bundle create b2.bundle master &&
 	mkdir dir &&
 	cp b1.bundle dir/b3
 	cp b1.bundle b4
@@ -116,4 +116,30 @@ test_expect_success 'bundle clone with nonexistent HEAD' '
 	test ! -e .git/refs/heads/master
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone empty repository' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	mkdir empty &&
+	(cd empty && git init) &&
+	git clone empty empty-clone &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(cd empty-clone
+	 echo "content" >> foo &&
+	 git add foo &&
+	 git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+	 git push origin master &&
+	 expected=$(git rev-parse master) &&
+	 actual=$(git --git-dir=../empty/.git rev-parse master) &&
+	 test $actual = $expected)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone empty repository, and then push should not segfault.' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	rm -fr empty/ empty-clone/ &&
+	mkdir empty &&
+	(cd empty && git init) &&
+	git clone empty empty-clone &&
+	(cd empty-clone &&
+	test_must_fail git push)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5704-bundle.sh b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a8f4419e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='some bundle related tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	: > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git tag -m tag tag &&
+	: > file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	: > file3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m second &&
+	git add file3 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tags can be excluded by rev-list options' '
+
+	git bundle create bundle --all --since=7.Apr.2005.15:16:00.-0700 &&
+	git ls-remote bundle > output &&
+	! grep tag output
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh b/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9f52154ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5705-clone-2gb.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test cloning a repository larger than 2 gigabyte'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test -z "$GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB" &&
+say "Skipping expensive 2GB clone test; enable it with GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB=t" &&
+test_done &&
+exit
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	git config pack.compression 0 &&
+	git config pack.depth 0 &&
+	blobsize=$((20*1024*1024)) &&
+	blobcount=$((2*1024*1024*1024/$blobsize+1)) &&
+	i=1 &&
+	(while test $i -le $blobcount
+	 do
+		printf "Generating blob $i/$blobcount\r" >&2 &&
+		printf "blob\nmark :$i\ndata $blobsize\n" &&
+		#test-genrandom $i $blobsize &&
+		printf "%-${blobsize}s" $i &&
+		echo "M 100644 :$i $i" >> commit
+		i=$(($i+1)) ||
+		echo $? > exit-status
+	 done &&
+	 echo "commit refs/heads/master" &&
+	 echo "author A U Thor <author@email.com> 123456789 +0000" &&
+	 echo "committer C O Mitter <committer@email.com> 123456789 +0000" &&
+	 echo "data 5" &&
+	 echo ">2gb" &&
+	 cat commit) |
+	git fast-import &&
+	test ! -f exit-status
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone' '
+
+	git clone --bare --no-hardlinks . clone
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh b/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f3f9a7605
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='clone --branch option'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+check_HEAD() {
+	echo refs/heads/"$1" >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+check_file() {
+	echo "$1" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect file
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir parent &&
+	(cd parent && git init &&
+	 echo one >file && git add file && git commit -m one &&
+	 git checkout -b two &&
+	 echo two >file && git add file && git commit -m two &&
+	 git checkout master)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'vanilla clone chooses HEAD' '
+	git clone parent clone &&
+	(cd clone &&
+	 check_HEAD master &&
+	 check_file one
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone -b chooses specified branch' '
+	git clone -b two parent clone-two &&
+	(cd clone-two &&
+	 check_HEAD two &&
+	 check_file two
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone -b sets up tracking' '
+	(cd clone-two &&
+	 echo origin >expect &&
+	 git config branch.two.remote >actual &&
+	 echo refs/heads/two >>expect &&
+	 git config branch.two.merge >>actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone -b does not munge remotes/origin/HEAD' '
+	(cd clone-two &&
+	 echo refs/remotes/origin/master >expect &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone -b with bogus branch chooses HEAD' '
+	git clone -b bogus parent clone-bogus &&
+	(cd clone-bogus &&
+	 check_HEAD master &&
+	 check_file one
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
index 86bf7e14b..571931588 100755
--- a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
+++ b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ touch foo && git add foo && git commit -m "added foo" &&
 test_format() {
 	cat >expect.$1
 	test_expect_success "format $1" "
-git rev-list --pretty=format:$2 master >output.$1 &&
+git rev-list --pretty=format:'$2' master >output.$1 &&
 test_cmp expect.$1 output.$1
 "
 }
@@ -101,6 +101,13 @@ commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
 foobarbazxyzzy
 EOF
 
+test_format advanced-colors '%C(red yellow bold)foo%C(reset)' <<'EOF'
+commit 131a310eb913d107dd3c09a65d1651175898735d
+foo
+commit 86c75cfd708a0e5868dc876ed5b8bb66c80b4873
+foo
+EOF
+
 cat >commit-msg <<'EOF'
 Test printing of complex bodies
 
@@ -155,4 +162,44 @@ test_expect_success 'empty email' '
 	}
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'del LF before empty (1)' '
+	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%n%-b%nThanks%n" HEAD^^ >actual &&
+	test $(wc -l <actual) = 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'del LF before empty (2)' '
+	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%n%-b%nThanks%n" HEAD >actual &&
+	test $(wc -l <actual) = 6 &&
+	grep "^$" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add LF before non-empty (1)' '
+	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%+b%nThanks%n" HEAD^^ >actual &&
+	test $(wc -l <actual) = 2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add LF before non-empty (2)' '
+	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%+b%nThanks%n" HEAD >actual &&
+	test $(wc -l <actual) = 6 &&
+	grep "^$" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"%h %gD: %gs" is same as git-reflog' '
+	git reflog >expect &&
+	git log -g --format="%h %gD: %gs" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"%h %gD: %gs" is same as git-reflog (with date)' '
+	git reflog --date=raw >expect &&
+	git log -g --format="%h %gD: %gs" --date=raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%gd shortens ref name' '
+	echo "master@{0}" >expect.gd-short &&
+	git log -g -1 --format=%gd refs/heads/master >actual.gd-short &&
+	test_cmp expect.gd-short actual.gd-short
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
index 04e4b7c5c..0144d9e85 100755
--- a/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
+++ b/t/t6010-merge-base.sh
@@ -110,6 +110,18 @@ test_expect_success 'compute merge-base (all)' \
 
 # Another set to demonstrate base between one commit and a merge
 # in the documentation.
+#
+# * C (MMC) * B (MMB) * A  (MMA)
+# * o       * o       * o
+# * o       * o       * o
+# * o       * o       * o
+# * o       | _______/
+# |         |/
+# |         * 1 (MM1)
+# | _______/
+# |/
+# * root (MMR)
+
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-base for octopus-step (setup)' '
 	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m root && git tag MMR &&
@@ -137,6 +149,12 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-base A B C' '
 	test "$MM1" = "$MB"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge-base A B C using show-branch' '
+	MB=$(git show-branch --merge-base MMA MMB MMC) &&
+	MMR=$(git rev-parse --verify MMR) &&
+	test "$MMR" = "$MB"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'criss-cross merge-base for octopus-step (setup)' '
 	git reset --hard MMR &&
 	test_tick && git commit --allow-empty -m 1 && git tag CC1 &&
diff --git a/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh b/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..991ab4a65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6014-rev-list-all.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='--all includes detached HEADs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+commit () {
+	test_tick &&
+	echo $1 > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+
+	commit one &&
+	commit two &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	commit detached
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --all lists detached HEAD' '
+
+	test 3 = $(git rev-list --all | wc -l)
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repack does not lose detached HEAD' '
+
+	git gc &&
+	git prune --expire=now &&
+	git show HEAD
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6015-rev-list-show-all-parents.sh b/t/t6015-rev-list-show-all-parents.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8b146fb43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6015-rev-list-show-all-parents.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='--show-all --parents does not rewrite TREESAME commits'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up --show-all --parents test' '
+	test_commit one foo.txt &&
+	commit1=`git rev-list -1 HEAD` &&
+	test_commit two bar.txt &&
+	commit2=`git rev-list -1 HEAD` &&
+	test_commit three foo.txt &&
+	commit3=`git rev-list -1 HEAD`
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--parents rewrites TREESAME parents correctly' '
+	echo $commit3 $commit1 > expected &&
+	echo $commit1 >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --parents HEAD -- foo.txt > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--parents --show-all does not rewrites TREESAME parents' '
+	echo $commit3 $commit2 > expected &&
+	echo $commit2 $commit1 >> expected &&
+	echo $commit1 >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --parents --show-all HEAD -- foo.txt > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6016-rev-list-graph-simplify-history.sh b/t/t6016-rev-list-graph-simplify-history.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..27fd52b7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6016-rev-list-graph-simplify-history.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# There's more than one "correct" way to represent the history graphically.
+# These tests depend on the current behavior of the graphing code.  If the
+# graphing code is ever changed to draw the output differently, these tests
+# cases will need to be updated to know about the new layout.
+
+test_description='--graph and simplified history'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'set up rev-list --graph test' '
+	# 3 commits on branch A
+	test_commit A1 foo.txt &&
+	test_commit A2 bar.txt &&
+	test_commit A3 bar.txt &&
+	git branch -m master A &&
+
+	# 2 commits on branch B, started from A1
+	git checkout -b B A1 &&
+	test_commit B1 foo.txt &&
+	test_commit B2 abc.txt &&
+
+	# 2 commits on branch C, started from A2
+	git checkout -b C A2 &&
+	test_commit C1 xyz.txt &&
+	test_commit C2 xyz.txt &&
+
+	# Octopus merge B and C into branch A
+	git checkout A &&
+	git merge B C &&
+	git tag A4
+
+	test_commit A5 bar.txt &&
+
+	# More commits on C, then merge C into A
+	git checkout C &&
+	test_commit C3 foo.txt &&
+	test_commit C4 bar.txt &&
+	git checkout A &&
+	git merge -s ours C &&
+	git tag A6
+
+	test_commit A7 bar.txt &&
+
+	# Store commit names in variables for later use
+	A1=$(git rev-parse --verify A1) &&
+	A2=$(git rev-parse --verify A2) &&
+	A3=$(git rev-parse --verify A3) &&
+	A4=$(git rev-parse --verify A4) &&
+	A5=$(git rev-parse --verify A5) &&
+	A6=$(git rev-parse --verify A6) &&
+	A7=$(git rev-parse --verify A7) &&
+	B1=$(git rev-parse --verify B1) &&
+	B2=$(git rev-parse --verify B2) &&
+	C1=$(git rev-parse --verify C1) &&
+	C2=$(git rev-parse --verify C2) &&
+	C3=$(git rev-parse --verify C3) &&
+	C4=$(git rev-parse --verify C4)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--graph --all' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C3" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "| |     " >> expected &&
+	echo "|  \\    " >> expected &&
+	echo "*-. \\   $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\ \\ \\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| | |/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| | * $C2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| | * $C1" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * | $B2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * | $B1" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | | $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "| |/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "|/|   " >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A2" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A1" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --all > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+# Make sure the graph_is_interesting() code still realizes
+# that undecorated merges are interesting, even with --simplify-by-decoration
+test_expect_success '--graph --simplify-by-decoration' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	git tag -d A4
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C3" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "| |     " >> expected &&
+	echo "|  \\    " >> expected &&
+	echo "*-. \\   $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\ \\ \\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| | |/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| | * $C2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| | * $C1" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * | $B2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * | $B1" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | | $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "| |/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "|/|   " >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A2" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A1" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --all --simplify-by-decoration > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+# Get rid of all decorations on branch B, and graph with it simplified away
+test_expect_success '--graph --simplify-by-decoration prune branch B' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	git tag -d B2
+	git tag -d B1
+	git branch -d B
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C3" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "* |   $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\ \\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| |/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C1" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A2" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A1" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --simplify-by-decoration --all > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--graph --full-history -- bar.txt' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	git tag -d B2
+	git tag -d B1
+	git branch -d B
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "* |   $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\ \\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| |/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A2" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --full-history --all -- bar.txt > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--graph --full-history --simplify-merges -- bar.txt' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	git tag -d B2
+	git tag -d B1
+	git branch -d B
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A2" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --full-history --simplify-merges --all \
+		-- bar.txt > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--graph -- bar.txt' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	git tag -d B2
+	git tag -d B1
+	git branch -d B
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A2" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --all -- bar.txt > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--graph --sparse -- bar.txt' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	git tag -d B2
+	git tag -d B1
+	git branch -d B
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C3" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C1" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A2" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A1" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --sparse --all -- bar.txt > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--graph ^C4' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $B2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $B1" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A3" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --all ^C4 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_expect_success '--graph ^C3' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $B2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $B1" >> expected &&
+	echo "* $A3" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --all ^C3 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+# I don't think the ordering of the boundary commits is really
+# that important, but this test depends on it.  If the ordering ever changes
+# in the code, we'll need to update this test.
+test_expect_success '--graph --boundary ^C3' '
+	rm -f expected &&
+	echo "* $A7" >> expected &&
+	echo "*   $A6" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * $C4" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | $A5" >> expected &&
+	echo "| |     " >> expected &&
+	echo "|  \\    " >> expected &&
+	echo "*-. \\   $A4" >> expected &&
+	echo "|\\ \\ \\  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| * | | $B2" >> expected &&
+	echo "| * | | $B1" >> expected &&
+	echo "* | | | $A3" >> expected &&
+	echo "o | | | $A2" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/ / /  " >> expected &&
+	echo "o | | $A1" >> expected &&
+	echo " / /  " >> expected &&
+	echo "| o $C3" >> expected &&
+	echo "|/  " >> expected &&
+	echo "o $C2" >> expected &&
+	git rev-list --graph --boundary --all ^C3 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6017-rev-list-stdin.sh b/t/t6017-rev-list-stdin.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f1c32dba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6017-rev-list-stdin.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Junio C Hamano
+#
+
+test_description='log family learns --stdin'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+check () {
+	for cmd in rev-list "log --stat"
+	do
+		for i in "$@"
+		do
+			printf "%s\n" $i
+		done >input &&
+		test_expect_success "check $cmd $*" '
+			git $cmd $(cat input) >expect &&
+			git $cmd --stdin <input >actual &&
+			sed -e "s/^/input /" input &&
+			sed -e "s/^/output /" expect &&
+			test_cmp expect actual
+		'
+	done
+}
+
+them='1 2 3 4 5 6 7'
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	(
+		for i in 0 $them
+		do
+			for j in $them
+			do
+				echo $i.$j >file-$j &&
+				git add file-$j || exit
+			done &&
+			test_tick &&
+			git commit -m $i || exit
+		done &&
+		for i in $them
+		do
+			git checkout -b side-$i master~$i &&
+			echo updated $i >file-$i &&
+			git add file-$i &&
+			test_tick &&
+			git commit -m side-$i || exit
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+check master
+check side-1 ^side-4
+check side-1 ^side-7 --
+check side-1 ^side-7 -- file-1
+check side-1 ^side-7 -- file-2
+check side-3 ^side-4 -- file-3
+check side-3 ^side-2
+check side-3 ^side-2 -- file-1
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6020-merge-df.sh b/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
index a19d49de2..e71c687f2 100755
--- a/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
+++ b/t/t6020-merge-df.sh
@@ -22,4 +22,27 @@ git commit -m "File: dir"'
 
 test_expect_code 1 'Merge with d/f conflicts' 'git merge "merge msg" B master'
 
+test_expect_failure 'F/D conflict' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	rm .git/index &&
+
+	mkdir before &&
+	echo FILE >before/one &&
+	echo FILE >after &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m first &&
+
+	rm -f after &&
+	git mv before after &&
+	git commit -m move &&
+
+	git checkout -b para HEAD^ &&
+	echo COMPLETELY ANOTHER FILE >another &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m para &&
+
+	git merge master
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
index f8942bc89..7dcf39191 100755
--- a/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
+++ b/t/t6023-merge-file.sh
@@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ deduxit me super semitas jusitiae,
 EOF
 printf "propter nomen suum." >> new4.txt
 
+test_expect_success 'merge with no changes' '
+	cp orig.txt test.txt &&
+	git merge-file test.txt orig.txt orig.txt &&
+	test_cmp test.txt orig.txt
+'
+
 cp new1.txt test.txt
 test_expect_success "merge without conflict" \
 	"git merge-file test.txt orig.txt new2.txt"
diff --git a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
index 802d0d06e..b3fbf659c 100755
--- a/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t6024-recursive-merge.sh
@@ -65,18 +65,18 @@ test_expect_success "combined merge conflicts" "
 "
 
 cat > expect << EOF
-<<<<<<< HEAD:a1
+<<<<<<< HEAD
 F
 =======
 G
->>>>>>> G:a1
+>>>>>>> G
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success "result contains a conflict" "test_cmp expect a1"
 
 git ls-files --stage > out
 cat > expect << EOF
-100644 da056ce14a2241509897fa68bb2b3b6e6194ef9e 1	a1
+100644 439cc46de773d8a83c77799b7cc9191c128bfcff 1	a1
 100644 cf84443e49e1b366fac938711ddf4be2d4d1d9e9 2	a1
 100644 fd7923529855d0b274795ae3349c5e0438333979 3	a1
 EOF
@@ -93,8 +93,30 @@ test_expect_success 'refuse to merge binary files' '
 	git add binary-file &&
 	git commit -m binary2 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge F > merge.out 2> merge.err &&
-	grep "Cannot merge binary files: HEAD:binary-file vs. F:binary-file" \
-		merge.err
+	grep "Cannot merge binary files: binary-file (HEAD vs. F)" merge.err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mark rename/delete as unmerged' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b delete &&
+	git rm a1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m delete &&
+	git checkout -b rename HEAD^ &&
+	git mv a1 a2
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m rename &&
+	test_must_fail git merge delete &&
+	test 1 = $(git ls-files --unmerged | wc -l) &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :2:a2 &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify :3:a2 &&
+	git checkout -f delete &&
+	test_must_fail git merge rename &&
+	test 1 = $(git ls-files --unmerged | wc -l) &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify :2:a2 &&
+	git rev-parse --verify :3:a2
+
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh b/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
index f8f3e3ff2..a91644e3b 100755
--- a/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
+++ b/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='merge fast forward and up to date'
+test_description='merge fast-forward and up to date'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
index 85fa39cf0..def397c53 100755
--- a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
+++ b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect skip: successfull result' '
 	git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
 	git bisect skip &&
 	git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "$HASH2 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH2 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect reset
 '
 
@@ -224,6 +224,31 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect skip: cannot tell between 2 commits' '
 	fi
 '
 
+# $HASH1 is good, $HASH4 is both skipped and bad, we skip $HASH3
+# and $HASH2 is good,
+# so we should not be able to tell the first bad commit
+# among $HASH3 and $HASH4
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip: with commit both bad and skipped' '
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect skip &&
+	git bisect bad &&
+	git bisect good $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip &&
+	if git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt
+	then
+		echo Oops, should have failed.
+		false
+	else
+		test $? -eq 2 &&
+		grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH1 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		! grep $HASH2 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH3 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		grep $HASH4 my_bisect_log.txt &&
+		git bisect reset
+	fi
+'
+
 # We want to automatically find the commit that
 # introduced "Another" into hello.
 test_expect_success \
@@ -236,7 +261,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      git bisect good $HASH1 &&
      git bisect bad $HASH4 &&
      git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-     grep "$HASH3 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+     grep "$HASH3 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
      git bisect reset'
 
 # We want to automatically find the commit that
@@ -249,7 +274,7 @@ test_expect_success \
      chmod +x test_script.sh &&
      git bisect start $HASH4 $HASH1 &&
      git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-     grep "$HASH4 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+     grep "$HASH4 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
      git bisect reset'
 
 # $HASH1 is good, $HASH5 is bad, we skip $HASH3
@@ -262,14 +287,14 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect skip: add line and then a new test' '
 	git bisect start $HASH5 $HASH1 &&
 	git bisect skip &&
 	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "$HASH5 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH5 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect log > log_to_replay.txt &&
 	git bisect reset
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bisect skip and bisect replay' '
 	git bisect replay log_to_replay.txt > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "$HASH5 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH5 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect reset
 '
 
@@ -310,11 +335,28 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect run & skip: find first bad' '
 	chmod +x test_script.sh &&
 	git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
 	git bisect run ./test_script.sh > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "$HASH6 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt
+	grep "$HASH6 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'bisect starting with a detached HEAD' '
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip only one range' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	git bisect skip $HASH1..$HASH5 &&
+	test "$HASH6" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect skip many ranges' '
+	git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	test "$HASH4" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	git bisect skip $HASH2 $HASH2.. ..$HASH5 &&
+	test "$HASH6" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+	test_must_fail git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "first bad commit could be any of" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'bisect starting with a detached HEAD' '
 	git bisect reset &&
 	git checkout master^ &&
 	HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
@@ -343,7 +385,7 @@ test_expect_success 'bisect does not create a "bisect" branch' '
 	rev_hash6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	test "$rev_hash6" = "$HASH6" &&
 	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	grep "$HASH7 is first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$HASH7 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	git bisect reset &&
 	rev_hash6=$(git rev-parse --verify bisect) &&
 	test "$rev_hash6" = "$HASH6" &&
@@ -440,28 +482,89 @@ test_expect_success 'good merge bases when good and bad are siblings' '
 	git bisect reset
 '
 
-check_trace() {
-	grep "$1" "$GIT_TRACE" | grep "\^$2" | grep "$3" >/dev/null
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'optimized merge base checks' '
-	GIT_TRACE="$(pwd)/trace.log" &&
-	export GIT_TRACE &&
 	git bisect start "$HASH7" "$SIDE_HASH7" > my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log.txt &&
 	grep "$HASH4" my_bisect_log.txt &&
-	check_trace "rev-list" "$HASH7" "$SIDE_HASH7" &&
 	git bisect good > my_bisect_log2.txt &&
 	test -f ".git/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
 	test "$HASH6" = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	: > "$GIT_TRACE" &&
 	git bisect bad > my_bisect_log3.txt &&
-	test_must_fail check_trace "rev-list" "$HASH6" "$SIDE_HASH7" &&
 	git bisect good "$A_HASH" > my_bisect_log4.txt &&
 	grep "merge base must be tested" my_bisect_log4.txt &&
-	test_must_fail test -f ".git/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK" &&
-	check_trace "rev-list" "$HASH6" "$A_HASH" &&
-	unset GIT_TRACE
+	test_must_fail test -f ".git/BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK"
+'
+
+# This creates another side branch called "parallel" with some files
+# in some directories, to test bisecting with paths.
+#
+# We should have the following:
+#
+#    P1-P2-P3-P4-P5-P6-P7
+#   /        /        /
+# H1-H2-H3-H4-H5-H6-H7
+#            \  \     \
+#             S5-A     \
+#              \        \
+#               S6-S7----B
+#
+test_expect_success '"parallel" side branch creation' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git checkout -b parallel $HASH1 &&
+	mkdir dir1 dir2 &&
+	add_line_into_file "1(para): line 1 on parallel branch" dir1/file1 &&
+	PARA_HASH1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "2(para): line 2 on parallel branch" dir2/file2 &&
+	PARA_HASH2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	add_line_into_file "3(para): line 3 on parallel branch" dir2/file3 &&
+	PARA_HASH3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	git merge -m "merge HASH4 and PARA_HASH3" "$HASH4" &&
+	PARA_HASH4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	add_line_into_file "5(para): add line on parallel branch" dir1/file1 &&
+	PARA_HASH5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	add_line_into_file "6(para): add line on parallel branch" dir2/file2 &&
+	PARA_HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+	git merge -m "merge HASH7 and PARA_HASH6" "$HASH7" &&
+	PARA_HASH7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'restricting bisection on one dir' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start HEAD $HASH1 -- dir1 &&
+	para1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para1" = "$PARA_HASH1" &&
+	git bisect bad > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$PARA_HASH1 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'restricting bisection on one dir and a file' '
+	git bisect reset &&
+	git bisect start HEAD $HASH1 -- dir1 hello &&
+	para4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para4" = "$PARA_HASH4" &&
+	git bisect bad &&
+	hash3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$hash3" = "$HASH3" &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	hash4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$hash4" = "$HASH4" &&
+	git bisect good &&
+	para1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para1" = "$PARA_HASH1" &&
+	git bisect good > my_bisect_log.txt &&
+	grep "$PARA_HASH4 is the first bad commit" my_bisect_log.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'skipping away from skipped commit' '
+	git bisect start $PARA_HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+	para4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para4" = "$PARA_HASH4" &&
+        git bisect skip &&
+	hash7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$hash7" = "$HASH7" &&
+        git bisect skip &&
+	para3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	test "$para3" = "$PARA_HASH3"
 '
 
 #
diff --git a/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh
index 8073e0c3e..8a3304fb0 100755
--- a/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh
+++ b/t/t6031-merge-recursive.sh
@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 test_description='merge-recursive: handle file mode'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-# Note that we follow "chmod +x F" with "update-index --chmod=+x F" to
-# help filesystems that do not have the executable bit.
+if ! test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
+then
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
 
 test_expect_success 'mode change in one branch: keep changed version' '
 	: >file1 &&
@@ -15,11 +17,14 @@ test_expect_success 'mode change in one branch: keep changed version' '
 	git add dummy &&
 	git commit -m a &&
 	git checkout -b b1 master &&
-	chmod +x file1 &&
-	git update-index --chmod=+x file1 &&
+	test_chmod +x file1 &&
 	git commit -m b1 &&
 	git checkout a1 &&
 	git merge-recursive master -- a1 b1 &&
+	git ls-files -s file1 | grep ^100755
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'verify executable bit on file' '
 	test -x file1
 '
 
@@ -28,8 +33,7 @@ test_expect_success 'mode change in both branches: expect conflict' '
 	git checkout -b a2 master &&
 	: >file2 &&
 	H=$(git hash-object file2) &&
-	chmod +x file2 &&
-	git update-index --add --chmod=+x file2 &&
+	test_chmod +x file2 &&
 	git commit -m a2 &&
 	git checkout -b b2 master &&
 	: >file2 &&
@@ -46,6 +50,10 @@ test_expect_success 'mode change in both branches: expect conflict' '
 		echo "100644 $H 3	file2"
 	) >expect &&
 	test_cmp actual expect &&
+	git ls-files -s file2 | grep ^100755
+'
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE 'verify executable bit on file' '
 	test -x file2
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t6023-merge-rename-nocruft.sh b/t/t6034-merge-rename-nocruft.sh
index 65be95fba..65be95fba 100755
--- a/t/t6023-merge-rename-nocruft.sh
+++ b/t/t6034-merge-rename-nocruft.sh
diff --git a/t/t6035-merge-dir-to-symlink.sh b/t/t6035-merge-dir-to-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5b96fb0b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6035-merge-dir-to-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merging when a directory was replaced with a symlink'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+then
+	say 'Symbolic links not supported, skipping tests.'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'create a commit where dir a/b changed to symlink' '
+	mkdir -p a/b/c a/b-2/c &&
+	> a/b/c/d &&
+	> a/b-2/c/d &&
+	> a/x &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+	git tag start &&
+	rm -rf a/b &&
+	ln -s b-2 a/b &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "dir to symlink"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'keep a/b-2/c/d across checkout' '
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git rm --cached a/b &&
+	git commit -m "untracked symlink remains" &&
+	 git checkout start^0 &&
+	 test -f a/b-2/c/d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout should not have deleted a/b-2/c/d' '
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	 git checkout start^0 &&
+	 test -f a/b-2/c/d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for merge test' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test -f a/b-2/c/d &&
+	echo x > a/x &&
+	git add a/x &&
+	git commit -m x &&
+	git tag baseline
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not lose a/b-2/c/d in merge (resolve)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout baseline^0 &&
+	git merge -s resolve master &&
+	test -h a/b &&
+	test -f a/b-2/c/d
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'do not lose a/b-2/c/d in merge (recursive)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout baseline^0 &&
+	git merge -s recursive master &&
+	test -h a/b &&
+	test -f a/b-2/c/d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a merge where dir a/b-2 changed to symlink' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout start^0 &&
+	rm -rf a/b-2 &&
+	ln -s b a/b-2 &&
+	git add -A &&
+	git commit -m "dir a/b-2 to symlink" &&
+	git tag test2
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'merge should not have conflicts (resolve)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout baseline^0 &&
+	git merge -s resolve test2 &&
+	test -h a/b-2 &&
+	test -f a/b/c/d
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'merge should not have conflicts (recursive)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout baseline^0 &&
+	git merge -s recursive test2 &&
+	test -h a/b-2 &&
+	test -f a/b/c/d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b87414165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6036-recursive-corner-cases.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='recursive merge corner cases'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#
+#  L1  L2
+#   o---o
+#  / \ / \
+# o   X   ?
+#  \ / \ /
+#   o---o
+#  R1  R2
+#
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	ten="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9"
+	for i in $ten
+	do
+		echo line $i in a sample file
+	done >one &&
+	for i in $ten
+	do
+		echo line $i in another sample file
+	done >two &&
+	git add one two &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m initial &&
+
+	git branch L1 &&
+	git checkout -b R1 &&
+	git mv one three &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m R1 &&
+
+	git checkout L1 &&
+	git mv two three &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m L1 &&
+
+	git checkout L1^0 &&
+	test_tick && git merge -s ours R1 &&
+	git tag L2 &&
+
+	git checkout R1^0 &&
+	test_tick && git merge -s ours L1 &&
+	git tag R2
+'
+
+test_expect_success merge '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout L2^0 &&
+
+	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive R2^0
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
index ba9060190..00e1de962 100755
--- a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
+++ b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		git checkout -b b4 origin &&
 		advance e &&
 		advance f
-	)
+	) &&
+	git checkout -b follower --track master &&
+	advance g
 '
 
 script='s/^..\(b.\)[	 0-9a-f]*\[\([^]]*\)\].*/\1 \2/p'
@@ -56,6 +58,12 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout' '
 	grep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout with local tracked branch' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout follower >actual
+	grep "is ahead of" actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'status' '
 	(
 		cd test &&
@@ -66,5 +74,19 @@ test_expect_success 'status' '
 	grep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status when tracking lightweight tags' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag light &&
+	git branch --track lighttrack light >actual &&
+	grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	git checkout lighttrack
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'status when tracking annotated tags' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git tag -m heavy heavy &&
+	git branch --track heavytrack heavy >actual &&
+	grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	git checkout heavytrack
+'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6050-replace.sh b/t/t6050-replace.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..203ffdb17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6050-replace.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Christian Couder
+#
+test_description='Tests replace refs functionality'
+
+exec </dev/null
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+add_and_commit_file()
+{
+    _file="$1"
+    _msg="$2"
+
+    git add $_file || return $?
+    test_tick || return $?
+    git commit --quiet -m "$_file: $_msg"
+}
+
+HASH1=
+HASH2=
+HASH3=
+HASH4=
+HASH5=
+HASH6=
+HASH7=
+
+test_expect_success 'set up buggy branch' '
+     echo "line 1" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 2" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 3" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 4" >> hello &&
+     add_and_commit_file hello "4 lines" &&
+     HASH1=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     echo "line BUG" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 6" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 7" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 8" >> hello &&
+     add_and_commit_file hello "4 more lines with a BUG" &&
+     HASH2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     echo "line 9" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 10" >> hello &&
+     add_and_commit_file hello "2 more lines" &&
+     HASH3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     echo "line 11" >> hello &&
+     add_and_commit_file hello "1 more line" &&
+     HASH4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     sed -e "s/BUG/5/" hello > hello.new &&
+     mv hello.new hello &&
+     add_and_commit_file hello "BUG fixed" &&
+     HASH5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     echo "line 12" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 13" >> hello &&
+     add_and_commit_file hello "2 more lines" &&
+     HASH6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+     echo "line 14" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 15" >> hello &&
+     echo "line 16" >> hello &&
+     add_and_commit_file hello "again 3 more lines" &&
+     HASH7=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'replace the author' '
+     git cat-file commit $HASH2 | grep "author A U Thor" &&
+     R=$(git cat-file commit $HASH2 | sed -e "s/A U/O/" | git hash-object -t commit --stdin -w) &&
+     git cat-file commit $R | grep "author O Thor" &&
+     git update-ref refs/replace/$HASH2 $R &&
+     git show HEAD~5 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "O Thor"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --no-replace-objects option' '
+     git cat-file commit $HASH2 | grep "author O Thor" &&
+     git --no-replace-objects cat-file commit $HASH2 | grep "author A U Thor" &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     git --no-replace-objects show $HASH2 | grep "A U Thor"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS env variable' '
+     GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS=1 git cat-file commit $HASH2 | grep "author A U Thor" &&
+     GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS=1 git show $HASH2 | grep "A U Thor"
+'
+
+cat >tag.sig <<EOF
+object $HASH2
+type commit
+tag mytag
+tagger T A Gger <> 0 +0000
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'tag replaced commit' '
+     git mktag <tag.sig >.git/refs/tags/mytag 2>message
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git fsck" works' '
+     git fsck master > fsck_master.out &&
+     grep "dangling commit $R" fsck_master.out &&
+     grep "dangling tag $(cat .git/refs/tags/mytag)" fsck_master.out &&
+     test -z "$(git fsck)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repack, clone and fetch work' '
+     git repack -a -d &&
+     git clone --no-hardlinks . clone_dir &&
+     cd clone_dir &&
+     git show HEAD~5 | grep "A U Thor" &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "A U Thor" &&
+     git cat-file commit $R &&
+     git repack -a -d &&
+     test_must_fail git cat-file commit $R &&
+     git fetch ../ "refs/replace/*:refs/replace/*" &&
+     git show HEAD~5 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     git cat-file commit $R &&
+     cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git replace" listing and deleting' '
+     test "$HASH2" = "$(git replace -l)" &&
+     test "$HASH2" = "$(git replace)" &&
+     aa=${HASH2%??????????????????????????????????????} &&
+     test "$HASH2" = "$(git replace -l "$aa*")" &&
+     test_must_fail git replace -d $R &&
+     test_must_fail git replace -d &&
+     test_must_fail git replace -l -d $HASH2 &&
+     git replace -d $HASH2 &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "A U Thor" &&
+     test -z "$(git replace -l)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git replace" replacing' '
+     git replace $HASH2 $R &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     test_must_fail git replace $HASH2 $R &&
+     git replace -f $HASH2 $R &&
+     test_must_fail git replace -f &&
+     test "$HASH2" = "$(git replace)"
+'
+
+# This creates a side branch where the bug in H2
+# does not appear because P2 is created by applying
+# H2 and squashing H5 into it.
+# P3, P4 and P6 are created by cherry-picking H3, H4
+# and H6 respectively.
+#
+# At this point, we should have the following:
+#
+#    P2--P3--P4--P6
+#   /
+# H1-H2-H3-H4-H5-H6-H7
+#
+# Then we replace H6 with P6.
+#
+test_expect_success 'create parallel branch without the bug' '
+     git replace -d $HASH2 &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "A U Thor" &&
+     git checkout $HASH1 &&
+     git cherry-pick $HASH2 &&
+     git show $HASH5 | git apply &&
+     git commit --amend -m "hello: 4 more lines WITHOUT the bug" hello &&
+     PARA2=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     git cherry-pick $HASH3 &&
+     PARA3=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     git cherry-pick $HASH4 &&
+     PARA4=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     git cherry-pick $HASH6 &&
+     PARA6=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     git replace $HASH6 $PARA6 &&
+     git checkout master &&
+     cur=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+     test "$cur" = "$HASH7" &&
+     git log --pretty=oneline | grep $PARA2 &&
+     git remote add cloned ./clone_dir
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to cloned repo' '
+     git push cloned $HASH6^:refs/heads/parallel &&
+     cd clone_dir &&
+     git checkout parallel &&
+     git log --pretty=oneline | grep $PARA2 &&
+     cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push branch with replacement' '
+     git cat-file commit $PARA3 | grep "author A U Thor" &&
+     S=$(git cat-file commit $PARA3 | sed -e "s/A U/O/" | git hash-object -t commit --stdin -w) &&
+     git cat-file commit $S | grep "author O Thor" &&
+     git replace $PARA3 $S &&
+     git show $HASH6~2 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     git show $PARA3 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     git push cloned $HASH6^:refs/heads/parallel2 &&
+     cd clone_dir &&
+     git checkout parallel2 &&
+     git log --pretty=oneline | grep $PARA3 &&
+     git show $PARA3 | grep "A U Thor" &&
+     cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch branch with replacement' '
+     git branch tofetch $HASH6 &&
+     cd clone_dir &&
+     git fetch origin refs/heads/tofetch:refs/heads/parallel3
+     git log --pretty=oneline parallel3 | grep $PARA3
+     git show $PARA3 | grep "A U Thor"
+     cd ..
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bisect and replacements' '
+     git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+     test "$S" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+     git bisect reset &&
+     GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS=1 git bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+     test "$HASH4" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+     git bisect reset &&
+     git --no-replace-objects bisect start $HASH7 $HASH1 &&
+     test "$HASH4" = "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" &&
+     git bisect reset
+'
+
+#
+#
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6120-describe.sh b/t/t6120-describe.sh
index e6c9e59b6..065deadc2 100755
--- a/t/t6120-describe.sh
+++ b/t/t6120-describe.sh
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo one >file && git add file && git commit -m initial &&
 	one=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 
+	git describe --always HEAD &&
+
 	test_tick &&
 	echo two >file && git add file && git commit -m second &&
 	two=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
@@ -90,16 +92,28 @@ check_describe A-* HEAD^
 check_describe D-* HEAD^^
 check_describe A-* HEAD^^2
 check_describe B HEAD^^2^
+check_describe D-* HEAD^^^
 
 check_describe c-* --tags HEAD
 check_describe c-* --tags HEAD^
 check_describe e-* --tags HEAD^^
 check_describe c-* --tags HEAD^^2
 check_describe B --tags HEAD^^2^
+check_describe e --tags HEAD^^^
+
+check_describe heads/master --all HEAD
+check_describe tags/c-* --all HEAD^
+check_describe tags/e --all HEAD^^^
 
 check_describe B-0-* --long HEAD^^2^
 check_describe A-3-* --long HEAD^^2
 
+: >err.expect
+check_describe A --all A^0
+test_expect_success 'no warning was displayed for A' '
+	test_cmp err.expect err.actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rename tag A to Q locally' '
 	mv .git/refs/tags/A .git/refs/tags/Q
 '
@@ -117,6 +131,20 @@ test_expect_success 'rename tag Q back to A' '
 test_expect_success 'pack tag refs' 'git pack-refs'
 check_describe A-* HEAD
 
+check_describe "A-*[0-9a-f]" --dirty
+
+test_expect_success 'set-up dirty work tree' '
+	echo >>file
+'
+
+check_describe "A-*[0-9a-f]-dirty" --dirty
+
+check_describe "A-*[0-9a-f].mod" --dirty=.mod
+
+test_expect_success 'describe --dirty HEAD' '
+	test_must_fail git describe --dirty HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'set-up matching pattern tests' '
 	git tag -a -m test-annotated test-annotated &&
 	echo >>file &&
diff --git a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
index 8f5a06f7d..42f6fff37 100755
--- a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
+++ b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #1' '
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-Merge branch 'left' of $TEST_DIRECTORY/$test
+Merge branch 'left' of $(pwd)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #2' '
 
 	git checkout master &&
-	git fetch "$TEST_DIRECTORY/$test" left &&
+	git fetch "$(pwd)" left &&
 
 	git fmt-merge-msg <.git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -208,4 +208,36 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-msg test #5-2' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
+	git config merge.summary yes &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	setdate &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+
+	git fmt-merge-msg -F .git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge-msg -F in subdirectory' '
+
+	git config --unset-all merge.log
+	git config --unset-all merge.summary
+	git config merge.summary yes &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	setdate &&
+	git fetch . left right &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	cp .git/FETCH_HEAD sub/FETCH_HEAD &&
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		git fmt-merge-msg -F FETCH_HEAD >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
index 8bfae44a8..8052c86ad 100755
--- a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
@@ -26,6 +26,13 @@ test_expect_success 'Create sample commit with known timestamp' '
 	git tag -a -m "Tagging at $datestamp" testtag
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Create upstream config' '
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master master &&
+	git remote add origin nowhere &&
+	git config branch.master.remote origin &&
+	git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master
+'
+
 test_atom() {
 	case "$1" in
 		head) ref=refs/heads/master ;;
@@ -39,6 +46,7 @@ test_atom() {
 }
 
 test_atom head refname refs/heads/master
+test_atom head upstream refs/remotes/origin/master
 test_atom head objecttype commit
 test_atom head objectsize 171
 test_atom head objectname 67a36f10722846e891fbada1ba48ed035de75581
@@ -68,6 +76,7 @@ test_atom head contents 'Initial
 '
 
 test_atom tag refname refs/tags/testtag
+test_atom tag upstream ''
 test_atom tag objecttype tag
 test_atom tag objectsize 154
 test_atom tag objectname 98b46b1d36e5b07909de1b3886224e3e81e87322
@@ -203,6 +212,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Check format "rfc2822" date fields output' '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 refs/heads/master
+refs/remotes/origin/master
 refs/tags/testtag
 EOF
 
@@ -214,6 +224,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Verify ascending sort' '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 refs/tags/testtag
+refs/remotes/origin/master
 refs/heads/master
 EOF
 
@@ -224,6 +235,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Verify descending sort' '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 'refs/heads/master'
+'refs/remotes/origin/master'
 'refs/tags/testtag'
 EOF
 
@@ -244,6 +256,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Quoting style: python' '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 "refs/heads/master"
+"refs/remotes/origin/master"
 "refs/tags/testtag"
 EOF
 
@@ -273,16 +286,26 @@ test_expect_success 'Check short refname format' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+cat >expected <<EOF
+origin/master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check short upstream format' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(upstream:short)" refs/heads >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'Check for invalid refname format' '
 	test_must_fail git for-each-ref --format="%(refname:INVALID)"
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 heads/master
-master
+tags/master
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs' '
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (strict)' '
+	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs true &&
 	git checkout -b newtag &&
 	echo "Using $datestamp" > one &&
 	git add one &&
@@ -294,11 +317,22 @@ test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs' '
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
+heads/master
+master
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs (loose)' '
+	git config --bool core.warnambiguousrefs false &&
+	git for-each-ref --format "%(refname:short)" refs/heads/master refs/tags/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
 heads/ambiguous
 ambiguous
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs II' '
+test_expect_success 'Check ambiguous head and tag refs II (loose)' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git tag ambiguous testtag^0 &&
 	git branch ambiguous testtag^0 &&
diff --git a/t/t7001-mv.sh b/t/t7001-mv.sh
index 575ef5beb..10b8f8c44 100755
--- a/t/t7001-mv.sh
+++ b/t/t7001-mv.sh
@@ -39,6 +39,39 @@ test_expect_success \
     grep "^R100..*path1/COPYING..*path0/COPYING"'
 
 test_expect_success \
+    'checking -k on non-existing file' \
+    'git mv -k idontexist path0'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -k on untracked file' \
+    'touch untracked1 &&
+     git mv -k untracked1 path0 &&
+     test -f untracked1 &&
+     test ! -f path0/untracked1'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -k on multiple untracked files' \
+    'touch untracked2 &&
+     git mv -k untracked1 untracked2 path0 &&
+     test -f untracked1 &&
+     test -f untracked2 &&
+     test ! -f path0/untracked1 &&
+     test ! -f path0/untracked2'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -f on untracked file with existing target' \
+    'touch path0/untracked1 &&
+     git mv -f untracked1 path0
+     test ! -f .git/index.lock &&
+     test -f untracked1 &&
+     test -f path0/untracked1'
+
+# clean up the mess in case bad things happen
+rm -f idontexist untracked1 untracked2 \
+     path0/idontexist path0/untracked1 path0/untracked2 \
+     .git/index.lock
+
+test_expect_success \
     'adding another file' \
     'cp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/../README path0/README &&
      git add path0/README &&
@@ -173,7 +206,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git mv should not change sha1 of moved cache entry' '
 
 rm -f dirty dirty2
 
-test_expect_success 'git mv should overwrite symlink to a file' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git mv should overwrite symlink to a file' '
 
 	rm -fr .git &&
 	git init &&
@@ -192,7 +225,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git mv should overwrite symlink to a file' '
 
 rm -f moved symlink
 
-test_expect_success 'git mv should overwrite file with a symlink' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git mv should overwrite file with a symlink' '
 
 	rm -fr .git &&
 	git init &&
diff --git a/t/t7002-grep.sh b/t/t7002-grep.sh
index 18fe6f2d5..abd14bf81 100755
--- a/t/t7002-grep.sh
+++ b/t/t7002-grep.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,16 @@ test_description='git grep various.
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+cat >hello.c <<EOF
+#include <stdio.h>
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	printf("Hello world.\n");
+	return 0;
+	/* char ?? */
+}
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	{
 		echo foo mmap bar
@@ -16,16 +26,25 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 		echo foo mmap bar_mmap
 		echo foo_mmap bar mmap baz
 	} >file &&
+	echo vvv >v &&
+	echo ww w >w &&
 	echo x x xx x >x &&
 	echo y yy >y &&
 	echo zzz > z &&
 	mkdir t &&
 	echo test >t/t &&
-	git add file x y z t/t &&
+	echo vvv >t/v &&
+	mkdir t/a &&
+	echo vvv >t/a/v &&
+	git add . &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep should not segfault with a bad input' '
+	test_must_fail git grep "("
+'
+
 for H in HEAD ''
 do
 	case "$H" in
@@ -44,6 +63,12 @@ do
 		diff expected actual
 	'
 
+	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (w)" '
+		: >expected &&
+		! git grep -n -w -e "^w" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
 	test_expect_success "grep -w $L (x)" '
 		{
 			echo ${HC}x:1:x x xx x
@@ -112,8 +137,176 @@ do
 		! git grep -c test $H | grep /dev/null
         '
 
+	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth -1 $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}t/a/v:1:vvv
+			echo ${HC}t/v:1:vvv
+			echo ${HC}v:1:vvv
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --max-depth -1 -n -e vvv $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth 0 $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}v:1:vvv
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --max-depth 0 -n -e vvv $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth 0 -- '*' $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}t/a/v:1:vvv
+			echo ${HC}t/v:1:vvv
+			echo ${HC}v:1:vvv
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --max-depth 0 -n -e vvv $H -- "*" >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth 1 $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}t/v:1:vvv
+			echo ${HC}v:1:vvv
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --max-depth 1 -n -e vvv $H >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep --max-depth 0 -- t $L" '
+		{
+			echo ${HC}t/v:1:vvv
+		} >expected &&
+		git grep --max-depth 0 -n -e vvv $H -- t >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
 done
 
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo mmap bar_mmap
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -e A --and -e B' '
+	git grep -e "foo mmap" --and -e bar_mmap >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+EOF
+
+
+test_expect_success 'grep ( -e A --or -e B ) --and -e B' '
+	git grep \( -e foo_ --or -e baz \) \
+		--and -e " mmap" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo mmap bar
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -e A --and --not -e B' '
+	git grep -e "foo mmap" --and --not -e bar_mmap >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep should ignore GREP_OPTIONS' '
+	GREP_OPTIONS=-v git grep " mmap bar\$" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -f, non-existent file' '
+	test_must_fail git grep -f patterns
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo mmap bar
+file:foo_mmap bar
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap
+file:foo mmap bar_mmap
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+EOF
+
+cat >pattern <<EOF
+mmap
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -f, one pattern' '
+	git grep -f pattern >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo mmap bar
+file:foo_mmap bar
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap
+file:foo mmap bar_mmap
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+t/a/v:vvv
+t/v:vvv
+v:vvv
+EOF
+
+cat >patterns <<EOF
+mmap
+vvv
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -f, multiple patterns' '
+	git grep -f patterns >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:foo mmap bar
+file:foo_mmap bar
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap
+file:foo mmap bar_mmap
+file:foo_mmap bar mmap baz
+t/a/v:vvv
+t/v:vvv
+v:vvv
+EOF
+
+cat >patterns <<EOF
+
+mmap
+
+vvv
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -f, ignore empty lines' '
+	git grep -f patterns >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+y:y yy
+--
+z:zzz
+EOF
+
+# Create 1024 file names that sort between "y" and "z" to make sure
+# the two files are handled by different calls to an external grep.
+# This depends on MAXARGS in builtin-grep.c being 1024 or less.
+c32="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v"
+test_expect_success 'grep -C1, hunk mark between files' '
+	for a in $c32; do for b in $c32; do : >y-$a$b; done; done &&
+	git add y-?? &&
+	git grep -C1 "^[yz]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -C1 --no-ext-grep, hunk mark between files' '
+	git grep -C1 --no-ext-grep "^[yz]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'log grep setup' '
 	echo a >>file &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -161,7 +354,76 @@ test_expect_success 'log grep (6)' '
 	git log --author=-0700  --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
 	>expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep with CE_VALID file' '
+	git update-index --assume-unchanged t/t &&
+	rm t/t &&
+	test "$(git grep --no-ext-grep test)" = "t/t:test" &&
+	git update-index --no-assume-unchanged t/t &&
+	git checkout t/t
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c=#include <stdio.h>
+hello.c:	return 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -p with userdiff' '
+	git config diff.custom.funcname "^#" &&
+	echo "hello.c diff=custom" >.gitattributes &&
+	git grep -p return >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c=int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+hello.c:	return 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -p' '
+	rm -f .gitattributes &&
+	git grep -p return >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c-#include <stdio.h>
+hello.c=int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+hello.c-{
+hello.c-	printf("Hello world.\n");
+hello.c:	return 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -p -B5' '
+	git grep -p -B5 return >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep from a subdirectory to search wider area (1)' '
+	mkdir -p s &&
+	(
+		cd s && git grep "x x x" ..
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep from a subdirectory to search wider area (2)' '
+	mkdir -p s &&
+	(
+		cd s || exit 1
+		( git grep xxyyzz .. >out ; echo $? >status )
+		! test -s out &&
+		test 1 = $(cat status)
+	)
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c:int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+EOF
 
+test_expect_success 'grep -Fi' '
+	git grep -Fi "CHAR *" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
index b0a9d7d53..9503875e9 100755
--- a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
@@ -39,13 +39,31 @@ test_expect_success 'result is really identical' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rewrite bare repository identically' '
-	(git config core.bare true && cd .git && git filter-branch branch)
+	(git config core.bare true && cd .git &&
+	 git filter-branch branch > filter-output 2>&1 &&
+	! fgrep fatal filter-output)
 '
 git config core.bare false
 test_expect_success 'result is really identical' '
 	test $H = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
 '
 
+TRASHDIR=$(pwd)
+test_expect_success 'correct GIT_DIR while using -d' '
+	mkdir drepo &&
+	( cd drepo &&
+	git init &&
+	test_commit drepo &&
+	git filter-branch -d "$TRASHDIR/dfoo" \
+		--index-filter "cp \"$TRASHDIR\"/dfoo/backup-refs \"$TRASHDIR\"" \
+	) &&
+	grep drepo "$TRASHDIR/backup-refs"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fail if commit filter fails' '
+	test_must_fail git filter-branch -f --commit-filter "exit 1" HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'rewrite, renaming a specific file' '
 	git filter-branch -f --tree-filter "mv d doh || :" HEAD
 '
@@ -262,4 +280,30 @@ test_expect_success 'Tag name filtering allows slashes in tag names' '
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Prune empty commits' '
+	git rev-list HEAD > expect &&
+	make_commit to_remove &&
+	git filter-branch -f --index-filter "git update-index --remove to_remove" --prune-empty HEAD &&
+	git rev-list HEAD > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--remap-to-ancestor with filename filters' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git reset --hard A &&
+	test_commit add-foo foo 1 &&
+	git branch moved-foo &&
+	test_commit add-bar bar a &&
+	git branch invariant &&
+	orig_invariant=$(git rev-parse invariant) &&
+	git branch moved-bar &&
+	test_commit change-foo foo 2 &&
+	git filter-branch -f --remap-to-ancestor \
+		moved-foo moved-bar A..master \
+		-- -- foo &&
+	test $(git rev-parse moved-foo) = $(git rev-parse moved-bar) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse moved-foo) = $(git rev-parse master^) &&
+	test $orig_invariant = $(git rev-parse invariant)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7004-tag.sh b/t/t7004-tag.sh
index f377fea4b..73dbc4360 100755
--- a/t/t7004-tag.sh
+++ b/t/t7004-tag.sh
@@ -185,8 +185,9 @@ cba
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'listing tags with substring as pattern must print those matching' '
-	git tag -l "*a*" > actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	rm *a* &&
+	git tag -l "*a*" > current &&
+	test_cmp expect current
 '
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
@@ -580,28 +581,38 @@ test_expect_success \
 '
 
 # subsequent tests require gpg; check if it is available
-gpg --version >/dev/null
+gpg --version >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
 if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
-	echo "gpg not found - skipping tag signing and verification tests"
-	test_done
-	exit
+	say "gpg not found - skipping tag signing and verification tests"
+else
+	# As said here: http://www.gnupg.org/documentation/faqs.html#q6.19
+	# the gpg version 1.0.6 didn't parse trust packets correctly, so for
+	# that version, creation of signed tags using the generated key fails.
+	case "$(gpg --version)" in
+	'gpg (GnuPG) 1.0.6'*)
+		say "Skipping signed tag tests, because a bug in 1.0.6 version"
+		;;
+	*)
+		test_set_prereq GPG
+		;;
+	esac
 fi
 
 # trying to verify annotated non-signed tags:
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'trying to verify an annotated non-signed tag should fail' '
 	tag_exists annotated-tag &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -v annotated-tag
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'trying to verify a file-annotated non-signed tag should fail' '
 	tag_exists file-annotated-tag &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -v file-annotated-tag
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'trying to verify two annotated non-signed tags should fail' '
 	tag_exists annotated-tag file-annotated-tag &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -v annotated-tag file-annotated-tag
@@ -609,17 +620,6 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 # creating and verifying signed tags:
 
-# As said here: http://www.gnupg.org/documentation/faqs.html#q6.19
-# the gpg version 1.0.6 didn't parse trust packets correctly, so for
-# that version, creation of signed tags using the generated key fails.
-case "$(gpg --version)" in
-'gpg (GnuPG) 1.0.6'*)
-	echo "Skipping signed tag tests, because a bug in 1.0.6 version"
-	test_done
-	exit
-	;;
-esac
-
 # key generation info: gpg --homedir t/t7004 --gen-key
 # Type DSA and Elgamal, size 2048 bits, no expiration date.
 # Name and email: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ export GNUPGHOME
 get_tag_header signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo 'A signed tag message' >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success 'creating a signed tag with -m message should succeed' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'creating a signed tag with -m message should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "A signed tag message" signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg signed-tag >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ test_expect_success 'creating a signed tag with -m message should succeed' '
 get_tag_header u-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo 'Another message' >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success 'sign with a given key id' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'sign with a given key id' '
 
 	git tag -u committer@example.com -m "Another message" u-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg u-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -650,14 +650,14 @@ test_expect_success 'sign with a given key id' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'sign with an unknown id (1)' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'sign with an unknown id (1)' '
 
 	test_must_fail git tag -u author@example.com \
 		-m "Another message" o-signed-tag
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'sign with an unknown id (2)' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'sign with an unknown id (2)' '
 
 	test_must_fail git tag -u DEADBEEF -m "Another message" o-signed-tag
 
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@ chmod +x fakeeditor
 get_tag_header implied-sign $commit commit $time >expect
 ./fakeeditor >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success '-u implies signed tag' '
+test_expect_success GPG '-u implies signed tag' '
 	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -u CDDE430D implied-sign &&
 	get_tag_msg implied-sign >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ EOF
 get_tag_header file-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 cat sigmsgfile >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with -F messagefile should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigmsgfile file-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg file-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ EOF
 get_tag_header stdin-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 cat siginputmsg >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success 'creating a signed tag with -F - should succeed' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'creating a signed tag with -F - should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F - stdin-signed-tag <siginputmsg &&
 	get_tag_msg stdin-signed-tag >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -710,13 +710,13 @@ test_expect_success 'creating a signed tag with -F - should succeed' '
 get_tag_header implied-annotate $commit commit $time >expect
 ./fakeeditor >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success '-s implies annotated tag' '
+test_expect_success GPG '-s implies annotated tag' '
 	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -s implied-annotate &&
 	get_tag_msg implied-annotate >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'trying to create a signed tag with non-existing -F file should fail' '
 	! test -f nonexistingfile &&
 	! tag_exists nosigtag &&
@@ -724,13 +724,13 @@ test_expect_success \
 	! tag_exists nosigtag
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'verifying a signed tag should succeed' \
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a signed tag should succeed' \
 	'git tag -v signed-tag'
 
-test_expect_success 'verifying two signed tags in one command should succeed' \
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying two signed tags in one command should succeed' \
 	'git tag -v signed-tag file-signed-tag'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'verifying many signed and non-signed tags should fail' '
 	test_must_fail git tag -v signed-tag annotated-tag &&
 	test_must_fail git tag -v file-annotated-tag file-signed-tag &&
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	test_must_fail git tag -v signed-tag annotated-tag file-signed-tag
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'verifying a forged tag should fail' '
+test_expect_success GPG 'verifying a forged tag should fail' '
 	forged=$(git cat-file tag signed-tag |
 		sed -e "s/signed-tag/forged-tag/" |
 		git mktag) &&
@@ -751,7 +751,7 @@ test_expect_success 'verifying a forged tag should fail' '
 
 get_tag_header empty-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with an empty -m message should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "" empty-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg empty-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 >sigemptyfile
 get_tag_header emptyfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with an empty -F messagefile should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigemptyfile emptyfile-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg emptyfile-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ Trailing spaces
 Trailing blank lines
 EOF
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'extra blanks in the message for a signed tag should be removed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigblanksfile blanks-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg blanks-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 get_tag_header blank-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with a blank -m message should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "     " blank-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg blank-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ echo ''      >>sigblankfile
 echo '  '    >>sigblankfile
 get_tag_header blankfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with blank -F file with spaces should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigblankfile blankfile-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg blankfile-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 printf '      ' >sigblanknonlfile
 get_tag_header blanknonlfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with spaces and no newline should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigblanknonlfile blanknonlfile-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg blanknonlfile-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ Another line.
 Last line.
 EOF
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with a -F file with #comments should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigcommentsfile comments-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg comments-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 get_tag_header comment-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with #commented -m message should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "#comment" comment-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg comment-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -879,7 +879,7 @@ echo ''         >>sigcommentfile
 echo '####'     >>sigcommentfile
 get_tag_header commentfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with #commented -F messagefile should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigcommentfile commentfile-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg commentfile-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -890,7 +890,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 printf '#comment' >sigcommentnonlfile
 get_tag_header commentnonlfile-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with a #comment and no newline should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigcommentnonlfile commentnonlfile-signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg commentnonlfile-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 # listing messages for signed tags:
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'listing the one-line message of a signed tag should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "A message line signed" stag-one-line &&
 
@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'listing the zero-lines message of a signed tag should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "" stag-zero-lines &&
 
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 echo 'stag line one' >sigtagmsg
 echo 'stag line two' >>sigtagmsg
 echo 'stag line three' >>sigtagmsg
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'listing many message lines of a signed tag should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -F sigtagmsg stag-lines &&
 
@@ -998,12 +998,12 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 tree=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{tree})
 blob=$(git rev-parse HEAD:foo)
-tag=$(git rev-parse signed-tag)
+tag=$(git rev-parse signed-tag 2>/dev/null)
 
 get_tag_header tree-signed-tag $tree tree $time >expect
 echo "A message for a tree" >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag pointing to a tree should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "A message for a tree" tree-signed-tag HEAD^{tree} &&
 	get_tag_msg tree-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 get_tag_header blob-signed-tag $blob blob $time >expect
 echo "A message for a blob" >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag pointing to a blob should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "A message for a blob" blob-signed-tag HEAD:foo &&
 	get_tag_msg blob-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 get_tag_header tag-signed-tag $tag tag $time >expect
 echo "A message for another tag" >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----' >>expect
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag pointing to another tag should succeed' '
 	git tag -s -m "A message for another tag" tag-signed-tag signed-tag &&
 	get_tag_msg tag-signed-tag >actual &&
@@ -1032,7 +1032,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 # try to sign with bad user.signingkey
 git config user.signingkey BobTheMouse
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'git tag -s fails if gpg is misconfigured' \
 	'test_must_fail git tag -s -m tail tag-gpg-failure'
 git config --unset user.signingkey
@@ -1040,7 +1040,7 @@ git config --unset user.signingkey
 # try to verify without gpg:
 
 rm -rf gpghome
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success GPG \
 	'verify signed tag fails when public key is not present' \
 	'test_must_fail git tag -v signed-tag'
 
@@ -1090,6 +1090,121 @@ test_expect_success 'filename for the message is relative to cwd' '
 	git cat-file tag tag-from-subdir-2 | grep "in sub directory"
 '
 
+# create a few more commits to test --contains
+
+hash1=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'creating second commit and tag' '
+	echo foo-2.0 >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m second
+	git tag v2.0
+'
+
+hash2=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'creating third commit without tag' '
+	echo foo-dev >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m third
+'
+
+hash3=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+# simple linear checks of --continue
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (hash)' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+# other ways of specifying the commit
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (tag)' "
+	git tag -l --contains v1.0 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (relative)' "
+	git tag -l --contains HEAD~2 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that second commit only has one tag' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash2 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that third commit has no tags' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+# how about a simple merge?
+
+test_expect_success 'creating simple branch' '
+	git branch stable v2.0 &&
+        git checkout stable &&
+	echo foo-3.0 > foo &&
+	git commit foo -m fourth
+	git tag v3.0
+'
+
+hash4=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v3.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that branch head only has one tag' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash4 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'merging original branch into this branch' '
+	git merge --strategy=ours master &&
+        git tag v4.0
+'
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v4.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that original branch head has one tag now' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+v3.0
+v4.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that initial commit is in all tags' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
 # mixing modes and options:
 
 test_expect_success 'mixing incompatibles modes and options is forbidden' '
diff --git a/t/t7005-editor.sh b/t/t7005-editor.sh
index 2d919d69e..5257f4d26 100755
--- a/t/t7005-editor.sh
+++ b/t/t7005-editor.sh
@@ -4,26 +4,40 @@ test_description='GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, and stuff'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-for i in GIT_EDITOR core_editor EDITOR VISUAL vi
+unset EDITOR VISUAL GIT_EDITOR
+
+test_expect_success 'determine default editor' '
+
+	vi=$(TERM=vt100 git var GIT_EDITOR) &&
+	test -n "$vi"
+
+'
+
+if ! expr "$vi" : '^[a-z]*$' >/dev/null
+then
+	vi=
+fi
+
+for i in GIT_EDITOR core_editor EDITOR VISUAL $vi
 do
 	cat >e-$i.sh <<-EOF
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
 	echo "Edited by $i" >"\$1"
 	EOF
 	chmod +x e-$i.sh
 done
-unset vi
-mv e-vi.sh vi
-unset EDITOR VISUAL GIT_EDITOR
+
+if ! test -z "$vi"
+then
+	mv e-$vi.sh $vi
+fi
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
-	msg="Hand edited" &&
+	msg="Hand-edited" &&
+	test_commit "$msg" &&
 	echo "$msg" >expect &&
-	git add vi &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "$msg" &&
-	git show -s --pretty=oneline |
-	sed -e "s/^[0-9a-f]* //" >actual &&
+	git show -s --format=%s > actual &&
 	diff actual expect
 
 '
@@ -41,9 +55,19 @@ test_expect_success 'dumb should error out when falling back on vi' '
 	fi
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'dumb should prefer EDITOR to VISUAL' '
+
+	EDITOR=./e-EDITOR.sh &&
+	VISUAL=./e-VISUAL.sh &&
+	export EDITOR VISUAL &&
+	git commit --amend &&
+	test "$(git show -s --format=%s)" = "Edited by EDITOR"
+
+'
+
 TERM=vt100
 export TERM
-for i in vi EDITOR VISUAL core_editor GIT_EDITOR
+for i in $vi EDITOR VISUAL core_editor GIT_EDITOR
 do
 	echo "Edited by $i" >expect
 	unset EDITOR VISUAL GIT_EDITOR
@@ -67,7 +91,7 @@ done
 
 unset EDITOR VISUAL GIT_EDITOR
 git config --unset-all core.editor
-for i in vi EDITOR VISUAL core_editor GIT_EDITOR
+for i in $vi EDITOR VISUAL core_editor GIT_EDITOR
 do
 	echo "Edited by $i" >expect
 	case "$i" in
@@ -87,30 +111,26 @@ do
 	'
 done
 
+if ! echo 'echo space > "$1"' > "e space.sh"
+then
+	say "Skipping; FS does not support spaces in filenames"
+	test_done
+fi
+
 test_expect_success 'editor with a space' '
 
-	if echo "echo space > \"\$1\"" > "e space.sh"
-	then
-		chmod a+x "e space.sh" &&
-		GIT_EDITOR="./e\ space.sh" git commit --amend &&
-		test space = "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%s)"
-	else
-		say "Skipping; FS does not support spaces in filenames"
-	fi
+	chmod a+x "e space.sh" &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="./e\ space.sh" git commit --amend &&
+	test space = "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%s)"
 
 '
 
 unset GIT_EDITOR
 test_expect_success 'core.editor with a space' '
 
-	if test -f "e space.sh"
-	then
-		git config core.editor \"./e\ space.sh\" &&
-		git commit --amend &&
-		test space = "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%s)"
-	else
-		say "Skipping; FS does not support spaces in filenames"
-	fi
+	git config core.editor \"./e\ space.sh\" &&
+	git commit --amend &&
+	test space = "$(git show -s --pretty=format:%s)"
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7007-show.sh b/t/t7007-show.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cce222f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7007-show.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git show'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	echo hello world >foo &&
+	H=$(git hash-object -w foo) &&
+	git tag -a foo-tag -m "Tags $H" $H &&
+	HH=$(expr "$H" : "\(..\)") &&
+	H38=$(expr "$H" : "..\(.*\)") &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/$HH/$H38
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing a tag that point at a missing object' '
+	test_must_fail git --no-pager show foo-tag
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1044aa654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic work tree status reporting'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit A &&
+	test_commit B oneside added &&
+	git checkout A^0 &&
+	test_commit C oneside created
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'A/A conflict' '
+	git checkout B^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge C
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Report path with conflict' '
+	git diff --cached --name-status >actual &&
+	echo "U	oneside" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Report new path with conflict' '
+	git diff --cached --name-status HEAD^ >actual &&
+	echo "U	oneside" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+# On branch side
+# Unmerged paths:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
+#
+#	deleted by us:      foo
+#
+no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'M/D conflict does not segfault' '
+	mkdir mdconflict &&
+	(
+		cd mdconflict &&
+		git init &&
+		test_commit initial foo "" &&
+		test_commit modify foo foo &&
+		git checkout -b side HEAD^ &&
+		git rm foo &&
+		git commit -m delete &&
+		test_must_fail git merge master &&
+		test_must_fail git status > ../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7102-reset.sh b/t/t7102-reset.sh
index e637c7d4d..b8cf2603a 100755
--- a/t/t7102-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t7102-reset.sh
@@ -139,19 +139,19 @@ test_expect_success \
 test_expect_success \
 	'resetting to HEAD with no changes should succeed and do nothing' '
 	git reset --hard &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
 	git reset --soft &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
 	git reset --soft HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
 	git reset --mixed &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
 	git reset --mixed HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
 	git reset &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
 	git reset HEAD &&
 		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
 '
@@ -419,7 +419,8 @@ test_expect_success 'resetting an unmodified path is a no-op' '
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
-file2: locally modified
+Unstaged changes after reset:
+M	file2
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--mixed refreshes the index' '
diff --git a/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh b/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
index 42bf518c6..afb55b3a4 100755
--- a/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
+++ b/t/t7103-reset-bare.sh
@@ -11,16 +11,48 @@ test_expect_success 'setup non-bare' '
 	git commit -a -m two
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'hard reset requires a worktree' '
+	(cd .git &&
+	 test_must_fail git reset --hard)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge reset requires a worktree' '
+	(cd .git &&
+	 test_must_fail git reset --merge)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mixed reset is ok' '
+	(cd .git && git reset)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'soft reset is ok' '
+	(cd .git && git reset --soft)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hard reset works with GIT_WORK_TREE' '
+	mkdir worktree &&
+	GIT_WORK_TREE=$PWD/worktree GIT_DIR=$PWD/.git git reset --hard &&
+	test_cmp file worktree/file
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup bare' '
 	git clone --bare . bare.git &&
 	cd bare.git
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'hard reset is not allowed' '
-	test_must_fail  git reset --hard HEAD^
+test_expect_success 'hard reset is not allowed in bare' '
+	test_must_fail git reset --hard HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge reset is not allowed in bare' '
+	test_must_fail git reset --merge HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mixed reset is not allowed in bare' '
+	test_must_fail git reset --mixed HEAD^
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'soft reset is allowed' '
+test_expect_success 'soft reset is allowed in bare' '
 	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
 	test "`git show --pretty=format:%s | head -n 1`" = "one"
 '
diff --git a/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh b/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c1f4fc3c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7105-reset-patch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git reset --patch'
+. ./lib-patch-mode.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir dir &&
+	echo parent > dir/foo &&
+	echo dummy > bar &&
+	git add dir &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_commit second dir/foo head &&
+	set_and_save_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
+	save_head
+'
+
+# note: bar sorts before foo, so the first 'n' is always to skip 'bar'
+
+test_expect_success 'saying "n" does nothing' '
+	set_and_save_state dir/foo work work
+	(echo n; echo n) | git reset -p &&
+	verify_saved_state dir/foo &&
+	verify_saved_state bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset -p' '
+	(echo n; echo y) | git reset -p &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
+	verify_saved_state bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset -p HEAD^' '
+	(echo n; echo y) | git reset -p HEAD^ &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work parent &&
+	verify_saved_state bar
+'
+
+# The idea in the rest is that bar sorts first, so we always say 'y'
+# first and if the path limiter fails it'll apply to bar instead of
+# dir/foo.  There's always an extra 'n' to reject edits to dir/foo in
+# the failure case (and thus get out of the loop).
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset -p dir' '
+	set_state dir/foo work work
+	(echo y; echo n) | git reset -p dir &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
+	verify_saved_state bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset -p -- foo (inside dir)' '
+	set_state dir/foo work work
+	(echo y; echo n) | (cd dir && git reset -p -- foo) &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
+	verify_saved_state bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset -p HEAD^ -- dir' '
+	(echo y; echo n) | git reset -p HEAD^ -- dir &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work parent &&
+	verify_saved_state bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'none of this moved HEAD' '
+	verify_saved_head
+'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7201-co.sh b/t/t7201-co.sh
index 3214ad29e..6442f710b 100755
--- a/t/t7201-co.sh
+++ b/t/t7201-co.sh
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout to detach HEAD' '
 	git checkout -f renamer && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout renamer^ 2>messages &&
 	(cat >messages.expect <<EOF
-Note: moving to "renamer^" which isn'"'"'t a local branch
+Note: moving to '\''renamer^'\'' which isn'\''t a local branch
 If you want to create a new branch from this checkout, you may do so
 (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
   git checkout -b <new_branch_name>
@@ -534,6 +534,14 @@ test_expect_success 'failing checkout -b should not break working tree' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'switch out of non-branch' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	echo modified >one &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout renamer 2>error.log &&
+	! grep "^Previous HEAD" error.log
+'
+
 (
  echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
  cat <<\EOF
diff --git a/t/t7300-clean.sh b/t/t7300-clean.sh
index 1636fac2a..118c6ebb1 100755
--- a/t/t7300-clean.sh
+++ b/t/t7300-clean.sh
@@ -373,11 +373,50 @@ test_expect_success 'removal failure' '
 
 	mkdir foo &&
 	touch foo/bar &&
-	exec <foo/bar &&
-	chmod 0 foo &&
-	test_must_fail git clean -f -d
+	(exec <foo/bar &&
+	 chmod 0 foo &&
+	 test_must_fail git clean -f -d)
 
 '
 chmod 755 foo
 
+test_expect_success 'nested git work tree' '
+	rm -fr foo bar &&
+	mkdir foo bar &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		git init &&
+		>hello.world
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -a -m nested
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd bar &&
+		>goodbye.people
+	) &&
+	git clean -f -d &&
+	test -f foo/.git/index &&
+	test -f foo/hello.world &&
+	! test -d bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'force removal of nested git work tree' '
+	rm -fr foo bar &&
+	mkdir foo bar &&
+	(
+		cd foo &&
+		git init &&
+		>hello.world
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -a -m nested
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd bar &&
+		>goodbye.people
+	) &&
+	git clean -f -f -d &&
+	! test -d foo &&
+	! test -d bar
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
index be73f7b60..a0cc99ab9 100755
--- a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
@@ -47,6 +47,65 @@ test_expect_success 'Prepare submodule testing' '
 	GIT_CONFIG=.gitmodules git config submodule.example.url git://example.com/init.git
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Prepare submodule add testing' '
+	submodurl=$(pwd)
+	(
+		mkdir addtest &&
+		cd addtest &&
+		git init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" submod &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add --branch' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add -b initial "$submodurl" submod-branch &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		cd submod-branch &&
+		git branch | grep initial
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./ in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" ././dotsubmod/./frotz/./ &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with // in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" slashslashsubmod///frotz// &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with /.. in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" dotdotsubmod/../realsubmod/frotz/.. &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with ./, /.. and // in path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule add "$submodurl" dot/dotslashsubmod/./../..////realsubmod2/a/b/c/d/../../../../frotz//.. &&
+		git submodule init
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'status should fail for unmapped paths' '
 	if git submodule status
 	then
@@ -209,4 +268,58 @@ test_expect_success 'update --init' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'do not add files from a submodule' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git add init/a
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gracefully add submodule with a trailing slash' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git commit -m "commit subproject" init &&
+	(cd init &&
+	 echo b > a) &&
+	git add init/ &&
+	git diff --exit-code --cached init &&
+	commit=$(cd init &&
+	 git commit -m update a >/dev/null &&
+	 git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git add init/ &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --exit-code --cached init &&
+	test $commit = $(git ls-files --stage |
+		sed -n "s/^160000 \([^ ]*\).*/\1/p")
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files gracefully handles trailing slash' '
+
+	test "init" = "$(git ls-files init/)"
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule <invalid-path> warns' '
+
+	git submodule no-such-submodule 2> output.err &&
+	grep "^error: .*no-such-submodule" output.err
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add submodules without specifying an explicit path' '
+	mkdir repo &&
+	cd repo &&
+	git init &&
+	echo r >r &&
+	git add r &&
+	git commit -m "repo commit 1" &&
+	cd .. &&
+	git clone --bare repo/ bare.git &&
+	cd addtest &&
+	git submodule add "$submodurl/repo" &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo.path repo &&
+	git submodule add "$submodurl/bare.git" &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.bare.path bare
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
index 61498293b..6cc16c39f 100755
--- a/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
+++ b/t/t7401-submodule-summary.sh
@@ -56,6 +56,15 @@ test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
 EOF
 "
 
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward), --files' "
+	git submodule summary --files >actual &&
+	diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head1...$head2 (1):
+  > Add foo3
+
+EOF
+"
+
 commit_file sm1 &&
 cd sm1 &&
 git reset --hard HEAD~2 >/dev/null &&
@@ -114,6 +123,15 @@ test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' "
 EOF
 "
 
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --files' "
+    git submodule summary --files >actual &&
+    diff actual - <<-EOF
+* sm1 $head5(blob)->$head4(submodule) (3):
+  > Add foo5
+
+EOF
+"
+
 rm -rf sm1 &&
 git checkout-index sm1
 test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
@@ -205,4 +223,8 @@ test_expect_success '--for-status' "
 EOF
 "
 
+test_expect_success 'fail when using --files together with --cached' "
+    test_must_fail git submodule summary --files --cached
+"
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9a21f783d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7405-submodule-merge.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merging with submodules'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#
+# history
+#
+#        a --- c
+#      /   \ /
+# root      X
+#      \   / \
+#        b --- d
+#
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+
+	mkdir sub &&
+	(cd sub &&
+	 git init &&
+	 echo original > file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m sub-root) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m root &&
+
+	git checkout -b a master &&
+	(cd sub &&
+	 echo A > file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m sub-a) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m a &&
+
+	git checkout -b b master &&
+	(cd sub &&
+	 echo B > file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m sub-b) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m b
+
+	git checkout -b c a &&
+	git merge -s ours b &&
+
+	git checkout -b d b &&
+	git merge -s ours a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merging with modify/modify conflict' '
+
+	git checkout -b test1 a &&
+	test_must_fail git merge b &&
+	test -f .git/MERGE_MSG &&
+	git diff &&
+	test -n "$(git ls-files -u)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merging with a modify/modify conflict between merge bases' '
+
+	git reset --hard HEAD &&
+	git checkout -b test2 c &&
+	git merge d
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8e2449d24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
+#
+
+test_description='Test updating submodules
+
+This test verifies that "git submodule update" detaches the HEAD of the
+submodule and "git submodule update --rebase/--merge" does not detach the HEAD.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+compare_head()
+{
+    sha_master=`git rev-list --max-count=1 master`
+    sha_head=`git rev-list --max-count=1 HEAD`
+
+    test "$sha_master" = "$sha_head"
+}
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a submodule tree' '
+	echo file > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m upstream
+	git clone . super &&
+	git clone super submodule &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git submodule add ../submodule submodule &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "submodule" &&
+	 git submodule init submodule
+	) &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	echo "line2" > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "Commit 2"
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  git pull --rebase origin
+	 ) &&
+	 git add submodule &&
+	 git commit -m "submodule update"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update detaching the HEAD ' '
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	 git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 ! compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --rebase staying on master' '
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git checkout master
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --rebase submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --merge staying on master' '
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --merge submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - rebase in .git/config' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update rebase
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - checkout in .git/config but --rebase given' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update checkout
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --rebase submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - merge in .git/config' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update merge
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - checkout in .git/config but --merge given' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update checkout
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD~1
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --merge submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update - checkout in .git/config' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.update checkout
+	) &&
+	(cd super/submodule &&
+	  git reset --hard HEAD^
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  compare_head
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 ! compare_head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule init picks up rebase' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.rebasing.url git://non-existing/git &&
+	 git config submodule.rebasing.path does-not-matter &&
+	 git config submodule.rebasing.update rebase &&
+	 git submodule init rebasing &&
+	 test "rebase" = $(git config submodule.rebasing.update)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule init picks up merge' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.merging.url git://non-existing/git &&
+	 git config submodule.merging.path does-not-matter &&
+	 git config submodule.merging.update merge &&
+	 git submodule init merging &&
+	 test "merge" = $(git config submodule.merging.update)
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2a527750c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Johan Herland
+#
+
+test_description='Test "git submodule foreach"
+
+This test verifies that "git submodule foreach" correctly visits all submodules
+that are currently checked out.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a submodule tree' '
+	echo file > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m upstream
+	git clone . super &&
+	git clone super submodule &&
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule sub1 &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule sub2 &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule sub3 &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules --rename-section \
+			submodule.sub1 submodule.foo1 &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules --rename-section \
+			submodule.sub2 submodule.foo2 &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules --rename-section \
+			submodule.sub3 submodule.foo3 &&
+		git add .gitmodules
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "submodules" &&
+		git submodule init sub1 &&
+		git submodule init sub2 &&
+		git submodule init sub3
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd submodule &&
+		echo different > file &&
+		git add file &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "different"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		(
+			cd sub3 &&
+			git pull
+		) &&
+		git add sub3 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "update sub3"
+	)
+'
+
+sub1sha1=$(cd super/sub1 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+sub3sha1=$(cd super/sub3 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+Entering 'sub1'
+foo1-sub1-$sub1sha1
+Entering 'sub3'
+foo3-sub3-$sub3sha1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test basic "submodule foreach" usage' '
+	git clone super clone &&
+	(
+		cd clone &&
+		git submodule update --init -- sub1 sub3 &&
+		git submodule foreach "echo \$name-\$path-\$sha1" > ../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup nested submodules' '
+	git clone submodule nested1 &&
+	git clone submodule nested2 &&
+	git clone submodule nested3 &&
+	(
+		cd nested3 &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule submodule &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "submodule" &&
+		git submodule init submodule
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd nested2 &&
+		git submodule add ../nested3 nested3 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "nested3" &&
+		git submodule init nested3
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd nested1 &&
+		git submodule add ../nested2 nested2 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "nested2" &&
+		git submodule init nested2
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd super &&
+		git submodule add ../nested1 nested1 &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m "nested1" &&
+		git submodule init nested1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use "submodule foreach" to checkout 2nd level submodule' '
+	git clone super clone2 &&
+	(
+		cd clone2 &&
+		test ! -d sub1/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub2/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub3/.git &&
+		test ! -d nested1/.git &&
+		git submodule update --init &&
+		test -d sub1/.git &&
+		test -d sub2/.git &&
+		test -d sub3/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/.git &&
+		test ! -d nested1/nested2/.git &&
+		git submodule foreach "git submodule update --init" &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/.git &&
+		test ! -d nested1/nested2/nested3/.git
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use "foreach --recursive" to checkout all submodules' '
+	(
+		cd clone2 &&
+		git submodule foreach --recursive "git submodule update --init" &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/nested3/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule/.git
+	)
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+Entering 'nested1'
+Entering 'nested1/nested2'
+Entering 'nested1/nested2/nested3'
+Entering 'nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule'
+Entering 'sub1'
+Entering 'sub2'
+Entering 'sub3'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test messages from "foreach --recursive"' '
+	(
+		cd clone2 &&
+		git submodule foreach --recursive "true" > ../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+nested1-nested1
+nested2-nested2
+nested3-nested3
+submodule-submodule
+foo1-sub1
+foo2-sub2
+foo3-sub3
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test "foreach --quiet --recursive"' '
+	(
+		cd clone2 &&
+		git submodule foreach -q --recursive "echo \$name-\$path" > ../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use "update --recursive" to checkout all submodules' '
+	git clone super clone3 &&
+	(
+		cd clone3 &&
+		test ! -d sub1/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub2/.git &&
+		test ! -d sub3/.git &&
+		test ! -d nested1/.git &&
+		git submodule update --init --recursive &&
+		test -d sub1/.git &&
+		test -d sub2/.git &&
+		test -d sub3/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/nested3/.git &&
+		test -d nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule/.git
+	)
+'
+
+nested1sha1=$(cd clone3/nested1 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+nested2sha1=$(cd clone3/nested1/nested2 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+nested3sha1=$(cd clone3/nested1/nested2/nested3 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+submodulesha1=$(cd clone3/nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule && git rev-parse HEAD)
+sub1sha1=$(cd clone3/sub1 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+sub2sha1=$(cd clone3/sub2 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+sub3sha1=$(cd clone3/sub3 && git rev-parse HEAD)
+sub1sha1_short=$(cd clone3/sub1 && git rev-parse --short HEAD)
+sub2sha1_short=$(cd clone3/sub2 && git rev-parse --short HEAD)
+
+cat > expect <<EOF
+ $nested1sha1 nested1 (heads/master)
+ $nested2sha1 nested1/nested2 (heads/master)
+ $nested3sha1 nested1/nested2/nested3 (heads/master)
+ $submodulesha1 nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule (heads/master)
+ $sub1sha1 sub1 ($sub1sha1_short)
+ $sub2sha1 sub2 ($sub2sha1_short)
+ $sub3sha1 sub3 (heads/master)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'test "status --recursive"' '
+	(
+		cd clone3 &&
+		git submodule status --recursive > ../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use "git clone --recursive" to checkout all submodules' '
+	git clone --recursive super clone4 &&
+	test -d clone4/.git &&
+	test -d clone4/sub1/.git &&
+	test -d clone4/sub2/.git &&
+	test -d clone4/sub3/.git &&
+	test -d clone4/nested1/.git &&
+	test -d clone4/nested1/nested2/.git &&
+	test -d clone4/nested1/nested2/nested3/.git &&
+	test -d clone4/nested1/nested2/nested3/submodule/.git
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh b/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cc16d3f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Red Hat Inc, Author: Michael S. Tsirkin (mst@redhat.com)
+#
+
+test_description='test clone --reference'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+base_dir=`pwd`
+
+U=$base_dir/UPLOAD_LOG
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing first repository' \
+'test_create_repo A && cd A &&
+echo first > file1 &&
+git add file1 &&
+git commit -m A-initial'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing second repository' \
+'git clone A B && cd B &&
+echo second > file2 &&
+git add file2 &&
+git commit -m B-addition &&
+git repack -a -d &&
+git prune'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'preparing supermodule' \
+'test_create_repo super && cd super &&
+echo file > file &&
+git add file &&
+git commit -m B-super-initial'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add --reference' \
+'cd super && git submodule add --reference ../B "file://$base_dir/A" sub &&
+git commit -m B-super-added'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'after add: existence of info/alternates' \
+'test `wc -l <super/sub/.git/objects/info/alternates` = 1'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'that reference gets used with add' \
+'cd super/sub &&
+echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
+git count-objects > current &&
+diff expected current'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning supermodule' \
+'git clone super super-clone'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'update with reference' \
+'cd super-clone && git submodule update --init --reference ../B'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'after update: existence of info/alternates' \
+'test `wc -l <super-clone/sub/.git/objects/info/alternates` = 1'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_expect_success 'that reference gets used with update' \
+'cd super-clone/sub &&
+echo "0 objects, 0 kilobytes" > expected &&
+git count-objects > current &&
+diff expected current'
+
+cd "$base_dir"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7500-commit.sh b/t/t7500-commit.sh
index 6e18a9631..8eec0fa9b 100755
--- a/t/t7500-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7500-commit.sh
@@ -149,10 +149,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success '--signoff' '
 	echo "yet another content *narf*" >> foo &&
-	echo "zort" | (
-		test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content &&
-		git commit -s -F - foo
-	) &&
+	echo "zort" | git commit -s -F - foo &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed "1,/^$/d" > output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
@@ -186,4 +183,14 @@ test_expect_success 'commit message from stdin' '
 	commit_msg_is "Log with foo word"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit -F overrides -t' '
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		echo "-F log" > f.log &&
+		echo "-t template" > t.template &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -F f.log -t t.template
+	) &&
+	commit_msg_is "-F log"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7501-commit.sh b/t/t7501-commit.sh
index 63bfc6d8b..a603f6d21 100755
--- a/t/t7501-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7501-commit.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	"echo King of the bongo >file &&
 	test_must_fail git commit -m foo -a file"
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success PERL \
 	"using paths with --interactive" \
 	"echo bong-o-bong >file &&
 	! (echo 7 | git commit -m foo --interactive file)"
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ chmod 755 editor
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"amend commit" \
-	"VISUAL=./editor git commit --amend"
+	"EDITOR=./editor git commit --amend"
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"passing -m and -F" \
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ chmod 755 editor
 test_expect_success \
 	"editing message from other commit" \
 	"echo 'hula hula' >file && \
-	 VISUAL=./editor git commit -c HEAD^ -a"
+	 EDITOR=./editor git commit -c HEAD^ -a"
 
 test_expect_success \
 	"message from stdin" \
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	"echo 'gak' >file && \
 	 git commit -m 'author' --author 'Rubber Duck <rduck@convoy.org>' -a"
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success PERL \
 	"interactive add" \
 	"echo 7 | git commit --interactive | grep 'What now'"
 
@@ -127,6 +127,26 @@ test_expect_success \
 	"showing committed revisions" \
 	"git rev-list HEAD >current"
 
+cat >editor <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+sed -e "s/good/bad/g" < "$1" > "$1-"
+mv "$1-" "$1"
+EOF
+chmod 755 editor
+
+cat >msg <<EOF
+A good commit message.
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'editor not invoked if -F is given' '
+	 echo "moo" >file &&
+	 EDITOR=./editor git commit -a -F msg &&
+	 git show -s --pretty=format:"%s" | grep -q good &&
+	 echo "quack" >file &&
+	 echo "Another good message." | EDITOR=./editor git commit -a -F - &&
+	 git show -s --pretty=format:"%s" | grep -q good
+	 '
 # We could just check the head sha1, but checking each commit makes it
 # easier to isolate bugs.
 
@@ -227,6 +247,47 @@ $existing" &&
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'signoff gap' '
+
+	echo 3 >positive &&
+	git add positive &&
+	alt="Alt-RFC-822-Header: Value" &&
+	git commit -s -m "welcome
+
+$alt" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
+	(
+		echo welcome
+		echo
+		echo $alt
+		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
+		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'signoff gap 2' '
+
+	echo 4 >positive &&
+	git add positive &&
+	alt="fixed: 34" &&
+	git commit -s -m "welcome
+
+We have now
+$alt" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" > actual &&
+	(
+		echo welcome
+		echo
+		echo We have now
+		echo $alt
+		echo
+		git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT |
+		sed -e "s/>.*/>/" -e "s/^/Signed-off-by: /"
+	) >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'multiple -m' '
 
 	>negative &&
diff --git a/t/t7502-commit.sh b/t/t7502-commit.sh
index ad42c78d7..fe9455229 100755
--- a/t/t7502-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7502-commit.sh
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ cat >.git/FAKE_EDITOR <<EOF
 # kill -TERM command added below.
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'a SIGTERM should break locks' '
+test_expect_success EXECKEEPSPID 'a SIGTERM should break locks' '
 	echo >>negative &&
 	! "$SHELL_PATH" -c '\''
 	  echo kill -TERM $$ >> .git/FAKE_EDITOR
@@ -258,4 +258,13 @@ test_expect_success 'Hand committing of a redundant merge removes dups' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'A single-liner subject with a token plus colon is not a footer' '
+
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git commit -s -m "hello: kitty" --allow-empty &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^$/d" >actual &&
+	test $(wc -l <actual) = 3
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh b/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
index b06909599..8528f64c8 100755
--- a/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ test_expect_success '--no-verify with failing hook' '
 '
 
 chmod -x "$HOOK"
-test_expect_success 'with non-executable hook' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'with non-executable hook' '
 
 	echo "content" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with non-executable hook' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--no-verify with non-executable hook' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-verify with non-executable hook' '
 
 	echo "more content" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
diff --git a/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh b/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
index 47680e6df..1f53ea809 100755
--- a/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t7504-commit-msg-hook.sh
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ test_expect_success '--no-verify with failing hook (editor)' '
 '
 
 chmod -x "$HOOK"
-test_expect_success 'with non-executable hook' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'with non-executable hook' '
 
 	echo "content" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with non-executable hook' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'with non-executable hook (editor)' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'with non-executable hook (editor)' '
 
 	echo "content again" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ test_expect_success 'with non-executable hook (editor)' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--no-verify with non-executable hook' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-verify with non-executable hook' '
 
 	echo "more content" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ test_expect_success '--no-verify with non-executable hook' '
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--no-verify with non-executable hook (editor)' '
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM '--no-verify with non-executable hook (editor)' '
 
 	echo "even more content" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
diff --git a/t/t7502-status.sh b/t/t7508-status.sh
index 93f875f50..93f875f50 100755
--- a/t/t7502-status.sh
+++ b/t/t7508-status.sh
diff --git a/t/t7509-commit.sh b/t/t7509-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d52c060b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7509-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Erick Mattos
+#
+
+test_description='git commit --reset-author'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+author_header () {
+	git cat-file commit "$1" |
+	sed -n -e '/^$/q' -e '/^author /p'
+}
+
+message_body () {
+	git cat-file commit "$1" |
+	sed -e '1,/^$/d'
+}
+
+test_expect_success '-C option copies authorship and message' '
+	echo "Initial" >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Initial Commit" --author Frigate\ \<flying@over.world\> &&
+	git tag Initial &&
+	echo "Test 1" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -C Initial &&
+	author_header Initial >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	message_body Initial >expect &&
+	message_body HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-C option copies only the message with --reset-author' '
+	echo "Test 2" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -C Initial --reset-author &&
+	echo "author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	message_body Initial >expect &&
+	message_body HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c option copies authorship and message' '
+	echo "Test 3" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git commit -a -c Initial &&
+	author_header Initial >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c option copies only the message with --reset-author' '
+	echo "Test 4" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	EDITOR=: VISUAL=: git commit -a -c Initial --reset-author &&
+	echo "author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	message_body Initial >expect &&
+	message_body HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--amend option copies authorship' '
+	git checkout Initial &&
+	echo "Test 5" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a --amend -m "amend test" &&
+	author_header Initial >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
+
+	echo "amend test" >expect &&
+	message_body HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--reset-author makes the commit ours even with --amend option' '
+	git checkout Initial &&
+	echo "Test 6" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a --reset-author -m "Changed again" --amend &&
+	echo "author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >expect &&
+	author_header HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo "Changed again" >expect &&
+	message_body HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--reset-author and --author are mutually exclusive' '
+	git checkout Initial &&
+	echo "Test 7" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -a --reset-author --author="Xyzzy <frotz@nitfol.xz>"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--reset-author should be rejected without -c/-C/--amend' '
+	git checkout Initial &&
+	echo "Test 7" >>foo &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -a --reset-author -m done
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7600-merge.sh b/t/t7600-merge.sh
index e5b210bc9..57f6d2bae 100755
--- a/t/t7600-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7600-merge.sh
@@ -243,6 +243,16 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1' '
 
 test_debug 'gitk --all'
 
+test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 with --ff-only' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --ff-only c1 &&
+	git merge --ff-only HEAD c0 c1 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1 &&
+	verify_head "$c1"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -263,6 +273,14 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3' '
 
 test_debug 'gitk --all'
 
+test_expect_success 'failing merges with --ff-only' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only c2 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only c3 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only c2 c3
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (no-commit)' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	git merge --no-commit c1 &&
@@ -303,6 +321,17 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (squash)' '
 
 test_debug 'gitk --all'
 
+test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (squash, ff-only)' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge --squash --ff-only c1 &&
+	verify_merge file result.1 &&
+	verify_head $c0 &&
+	verify_no_mergehead &&
+	verify_diff squash.1 .git/SQUASH_MSG "[OOPS] bad squash message"
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (squash)' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge --squash c2 &&
@@ -314,6 +343,13 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 (squash)' '
 
 test_debug 'gitk --all'
 
+test_expect_success 'unsuccesful merge of c1 with c2 (squash, ff-only)' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --squash --ff-only c2
+'
+
+test_debug 'gitk --all'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2 and c3 (squash)' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge --squash c2 c3 &&
@@ -432,6 +468,11 @@ test_expect_success 'combining --squash and --no-ff is refused' '
 	test_must_fail git merge --no-ff --squash c1
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'combining --ff-only and --no-ff is refused' '
+	test_must_fail git merge --ff-only --no-ff c1 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-ff --ff-only c1
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'merge c0 with c1 (ff overrides no-ff)' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	git config branch.master.mergeoptions "--no-ff" &&
diff --git a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
index 01e5415e9..274616951 100755
--- a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
+++ b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
@@ -49,4 +49,55 @@ test_expect_success 'merge c1 with c2, c3, c4, ... c29' '
 	done
 '
 
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+Trying simple merge with c2
+Trying simple merge with c3
+Trying simple merge with c4
+Merge made by octopus.
+ c2.c |    1 +
+ c3.c |    1 +
+ c4.c |    1 +
+ 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 c2.c
+ create mode 100644 c3.c
+ create mode 100644 c4.c
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge output uses pretty names' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git merge c2 c3 c4 >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+Already up-to-date with c4
+Trying simple merge with c5
+Merge made by octopus.
+ c5.c |    1 +
+ 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 c5.c
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge up-to-date output uses pretty names' '
+	git merge c4 c5 >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+Fast-forwarding to: c1
+Trying simple merge with c2
+Merge made by octopus.
+ c1.c |    1 +
+ c2.c |    1 +
+ 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ create mode 100644 c1.c
+ create mode 100644 c2.c
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'merge fast-forward output uses pretty names' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge c1 c2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expected
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh b/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
index de977c5e2..269cfdf26 100755
--- a/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
+++ b/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
@@ -22,15 +22,12 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git tag c2
 '
 
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-custom message
 
-Merge commit 'c2'
-EOF
 test_expect_success 'merge c2 with a custom message' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	echo >expected "custom message" &&
 	git merge -m "custom message" c2 &&
-	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^$/d" > actual &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^$/d" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..49f4e1599
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git-merge
+
+Do not overwrite changes.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo c0 > c0.c &&
+	git add c0.c &&
+	git commit -m c0 &&
+	git tag c0 &&
+	echo c1 > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m c1 &&
+	git tag c1 &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	echo c2 > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	git commit -m c2 &&
+	git tag c2 &&
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	echo "c1 a" > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "c1 a" &&
+	git tag c1a &&
+	echo "VERY IMPORTANT CHANGES" > important
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	cat important > c2.c &&
+	! git merge c2 &&
+	test_cmp important c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite new file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	cat important > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	! git merge c2 &&
+	test_cmp important c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite staged changes' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	cat important > c2.c &&
+	git add c2.c &&
+	rm c2.c &&
+	! git merge c2 &&
+	git checkout c2.c &&
+	test_cmp important c2.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite removed file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git rm c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
+	cat important > c1.c &&
+	! git merge c1a &&
+	test_cmp important c1.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite re-added file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git rm c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
+	cat important > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	! git merge c1a &&
+	test_cmp important c1.c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'will not overwrite removed file with staged changes' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git rm c1.c &&
+	git commit -m "rm c1.c" &&
+	cat important > c1.c &&
+	git add c1.c &&
+	rm c1.c &&
+	! git merge c1a &&
+	git checkout c1.c &&
+	test_cmp important c1.c
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh b/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..28d56797b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test auto-generated merge messages'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+check_oneline() {
+	echo "$1" | sed "s/Q/'/g" >expect &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'merge local branch' '
+	test_commit master-1 &&
+	git checkout -b local-branch &&
+	test_commit branch-1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master-2 &&
+	git merge local-branch &&
+	check_oneline "Merge branch Qlocal-branchQ"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge octopus branches' '
+	git checkout -b octopus-a master &&
+	test_commit octopus-1 &&
+	git checkout -b octopus-b master &&
+	test_commit octopus-2 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git merge octopus-a octopus-b &&
+	check_oneline "Merge branches Qoctopus-aQ and Qoctopus-bQ"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge tag' '
+	git checkout -b tag-branch master &&
+	test_commit tag-1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master-3 &&
+	git merge tag-1 &&
+	check_oneline "Merge commit Qtag-1Q"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous tag' '
+	git checkout -b ambiguous master &&
+	test_commit ambiguous &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master-4 &&
+	git merge ambiguous &&
+	check_oneline "Merge commit QambiguousQ"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remote branch' '
+	git checkout -b remote master &&
+	test_commit remote-1 &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master remote &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master-5 &&
+	git merge origin/master &&
+	check_oneline "Merge remote branch Qorigin/masterQ"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
index 09fa5f115..e768c3eb2 100755
--- a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
+++ b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
@@ -9,38 +9,81 @@ Testing basic merge tool invocation'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+# All the mergetool test work by checking out a temporary branch based
+# off 'branch1' and then merging in master and checking the results of
+# running mergetool
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
     echo master >file1 &&
-    git add file1 &&
+    mkdir subdir &&
+    echo master sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 subdir/file3 &&
     git commit -m "added file1" &&
+
     git checkout -b branch1 master &&
     echo branch1 change >file1 &&
     echo branch1 newfile >file2 &&
-    git add file1 file2 &&
+    echo branch1 sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
     git commit -m "branch1 changes" &&
-    git checkout -b branch2 master &&
-    echo branch2 change >file1 &&
-    echo branch2 newfile >file2 &&
-    git add file1 file2 &&
-    git commit -m "branch2 changes" &&
+
     git checkout master &&
     echo master updated >file1 &&
     echo master new >file2 &&
-    git add file1 file2 &&
-    git commit -m "master updates"
-'
+    echo master new sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
+    git commit -m "master updates" &&
 
-test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
     git config merge.tool mytool &&
     git config mergetool.mytool.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
-    git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true &&
-	git checkout branch1 &&
+    git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
+    git checkout -b test1 branch1 &&
     test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
-    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1>/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
-    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2>/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     test "$(cat file1)" = "master updated" &&
     test "$(cat file2)" = "master new" &&
-	git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool"
+    test "$(cat subdir/file3)" = "master new sub" &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'mergetool crlf' '
+    git config core.autocrlf true &&
+    git checkout -b test2 branch1
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat file1 -)" = "$(printf "master updated\r\nx")" &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat file2 -)" = "$(printf "master new\r\nx")" &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat subdir/file3 -)" = "$(printf "master new sub\r\nx")" &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - autocrlf" &&
+    git config core.autocrlf false &&
+    git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool in subdir' '
+    git checkout -b test3 branch1
+    cd subdir && (
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    test "$(cat file3)" = "master new sub" )
+'
+
+# We can't merge files from parent directories when running mergetool
+# from a subdir. Is this a bug?
+#
+#test_expect_failure 'mergetool in subdir' '
+#    cd subdir && (
+#    ( yes "" | git mergetool ../file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+#    ( yes "" | git mergetool ../file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+#    test "$(cat ../file1)" = "master updated" &&
+#    test "$(cat ../file2)" = "master new" &&
+#    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - subdir" )
+#'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7700-repack.sh b/t/t7700-repack.sh
index 3f602ea7d..f4aa05475 100755
--- a/t/t7700-repack.sh
+++ b/t/t7700-repack.sh
@@ -69,5 +69,97 @@ test_expect_success 'packed obs in alt ODB are repacked even when local repo is
 	done
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'packed obs in alt ODB are repacked when local repo has packs' '
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	echo new_content >> file1 &&
+	git add file1 &&
+	git commit -m more_content &&
+	git repack &&
+	git repack -a -d &&
+	myidx=$(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/*.idx) &&
+	test -f "$myidx" &&
+	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.idx; do
+		git verify-pack -v $p | sed -n -e "/^[0-9a-f]\{40\}/p"
+	done | while read sha1 rest; do
+		if ! ( git verify-pack -v $myidx | grep "^$sha1" ); then
+			echo "Missing object in local pack: $sha1"
+			return 1
+		fi
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'packed obs in alternate ODB kept pack are repacked' '
+	# swap the .keep so the commit object is in the pack with .keep
+	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.pack
+	do
+		base_name=$(basename $p .pack)
+		if test -f alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
+		then
+			rm alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
+		else
+			touch alt_objects/pack/$base_name.keep
+		fi
+	done
+	git repack -a -d &&
+	myidx=$(ls -1 .git/objects/pack/*.idx) &&
+	test -f "$myidx" &&
+	for p in alt_objects/pack/*.idx; do
+		git verify-pack -v $p | sed -n -e "/^[0-9a-f]\{40\}/p"
+	done | while read sha1 rest; do
+		if ! ( git verify-pack -v $myidx | grep "^$sha1" ); then
+			echo "Missing object in local pack: $sha1"
+			return 1
+		fi
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'packed unreachable obs in alternate ODB are not loosened' '
+	rm -f alt_objects/pack/*.keep &&
+	mv .git/objects/pack/* alt_objects/pack/ &&
+	csha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD^{commit}) &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	sleep 1 &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --expire-unreachable=now --all &&
+	# The pack-objects call on the next line is equivalent to
+	# git repack -A -d without the call to prune-packed
+	git pack-objects --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog \
+	    --unpack-unreachable </dev/null pack &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	test 0 = $(git verify-pack -v -- .git/objects/pack/*.idx |
+		egrep "^$csha1 " | sort | uniq | wc -l) &&
+	echo > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	test_must_fail git show $csha1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local packed unreachable obs that exist in alternate ODB are not loosened' '
+	echo `pwd`/alt_objects > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	echo "$csha1" | git pack-objects --non-empty --all --reflog pack &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	# The pack-objects call on the next line is equivalent to
+	# git repack -A -d without the call to prune-packed
+	git pack-objects --honor-pack-keep --non-empty --all --reflog \
+	    --unpack-unreachable </dev/null pack &&
+	rm -f .git/objects/pack/* &&
+	mv pack-* .git/objects/pack/ &&
+	test 0 = $(git verify-pack -v -- .git/objects/pack/*.idx |
+		egrep "^$csha1 " | sort | uniq | wc -l) &&
+	echo > .git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	test_must_fail git show $csha1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'objects made unreachable by grafts only are kept' '
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "commit 4" &&
+	H0=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	H1=$(git rev-parse HEAD^) &&
+	H2=$(git rev-parse HEAD^^) &&
+	echo "$H0 $H2" > .git/info/grafts &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --expire-unreachable=now --all &&
+	git repack -a -d &&
+	git cat-file -t $H1
+	'
+
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
index 63a8225ae..5babdf26e 100755
--- a/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
+++ b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
@@ -50,12 +50,10 @@ test_expect_success '-A with -d option leaves unreachable objects unpacked' '
 
 compare_mtimes ()
 {
-	perl -e 'my $reference = shift;
-		 foreach my $file (@ARGV) {
-			exit(1) unless(-f $file && -M $file == -M $reference);
-		 }
-		 exit(0);
-		' -- "$@"
+	read tref rest &&
+	while read t rest; do
+		test "$tref" = "$t" || break
+	done
 }
 
 test_expect_success '-A without -d option leaves unreachable objects packed' '
@@ -87,7 +85,9 @@ test_expect_success 'unpacked objects receive timestamp of pack file' '
 	tmppack=".git/objects/pack/tmp_pack" &&
 	ln "$packfile" "$tmppack" &&
 	git repack -A -l -d &&
-	compare_mtimes "$tmppack" "$fsha1path" "$csha1path" "$tsha1path"
+	test-chmtime -v +0 "$tmppack" "$fsha1path" "$csha1path" "$tsha1path" \
+		> mtimes &&
+	compare_mtimes < mtimes
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7800-difftool.sh b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fff6a6d0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 David Aguilar
+#
+
+test_description='git-difftool
+
+Testing basic diff tool invocation
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping difftool tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+remove_config_vars()
+{
+	# Unset all config variables used by git-difftool
+	git config --unset diff.tool
+	git config --unset difftool.test-tool.cmd
+	git config --unset difftool.prompt
+	git config --unset merge.tool
+	git config --unset mergetool.test-tool.cmd
+	return 0
+}
+
+restore_test_defaults()
+{
+	# Restores the test defaults used by several tests
+	remove_config_vars
+	unset GIT_DIFF_TOOL
+	unset GIT_MERGE_TOOL
+	unset GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT
+	unset GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT
+	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
+	git config difftool.test-tool.cmd 'cat $LOCAL'
+}
+
+prompt_given()
+{
+	prompt="$1"
+	test "$prompt" = "Hit return to launch 'test-tool': branch"
+}
+
+# Create a file on master and change it on branch
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo master >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "added file" &&
+
+	git checkout -b branch master &&
+	echo branch >file &&
+	git commit -a -m "branch changed file" &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+# Configure a custom difftool.<tool>.cmd and use it
+test_expect_success 'custom commands' '
+	restore_test_defaults &&
+	git config difftool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$REMOTE" &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "master" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch"
+'
+
+# Ensures that git-difftool ignores bogus --tool values
+test_expect_success 'difftool ignores bad --tool values' '
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --tool=bogus-tool branch)
+	test "$?" = 1 &&
+	test "$diff" = ""
+'
+
+# Specify the diff tool using $GIT_DIFF_TOOL
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL variable' '
+	git config --unset diff.tool
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool &&
+	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test the $GIT_*_TOOL variables and ensure
+# that $GIT_DIFF_TOOL always wins unless --tool is specified
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFF_TOOL overrides' '
+	git config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
+	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+
+	GIT_MERGE_TOOL=test-tool &&
+	export GIT_MERGE_TOOL &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+	unset GIT_MERGE_TOOL &&
+
+	GIT_MERGE_TOOL=bogus-tool &&
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=test-tool &&
+	export GIT_MERGE_TOOL &&
+	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	GIT_DIFF_TOOL=bogus-tool &&
+	export GIT_DIFF_TOOL &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --tool=test-tool branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt to difftool
+# when $GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT is true
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT variable' '
+	GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT=true &&
+	export GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# git-difftool supports the difftool.prompt variable.
+# Test that GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT can override difftool.prompt = false
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT variable' '
+	git config difftool.prompt false &&
+	GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT=true &&
+	export GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT &&
+
+	prompt=$(echo | git difftool branch | tail -1) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that we don't have to pass --no-prompt when difftool.prompt is false
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt config variable is false' '
+	git config difftool.prompt false &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that the -y flag can override difftool.prompt = true
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt can overridden with -y' '
+	git config difftool.prompt true &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool -y branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that the --prompt flag can override difftool.prompt = false
+test_expect_success 'difftool.prompt can overridden with --prompt' '
+	git config difftool.prompt false &&
+
+	prompt=$(echo | git difftool --prompt branch | tail -1) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# Test that the last flag passed on the command-line wins
+test_expect_success 'difftool last flag wins' '
+	diff=$(git difftool --prompt --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults &&
+
+	prompt=$(echo | git difftool --no-prompt --prompt branch | tail -1) &&
+	prompt_given "$prompt" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+# git-difftool falls back to git-mergetool config variables
+# so test that behavior here
+test_expect_success 'difftool + mergetool config variables' '
+	remove_config_vars
+	git config merge.tool test-tool &&
+	git config mergetool.test-tool.cmd "cat \$LOCAL" &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	# set merge.tool to something bogus, diff.tool to test-tool
+	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'difftool.<tool>.path' '
+	git config difftool.tkdiff.path echo &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --tool=tkdiff --no-prompt branch) &&
+	git config --unset difftool.tkdiff.path &&
+	lines=$(echo "$diff" | grep file | wc -l) &&
+	test "$lines" -eq 1
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t8003-blame.sh b/t/t8003-blame.sh
index 966bb0a61..4a8db74f7 100755
--- a/t/t8003-blame.sh
+++ b/t/t8003-blame.sh
@@ -129,4 +129,40 @@ test_expect_success 'blame wholesale copy and more' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'blame path that used to be a directory' '
+	mkdir path &&
+	echo A A A A A >path/file &&
+	echo B B B B B >path/elif &&
+	git add path &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "path was a directory" &&
+	rm -fr path &&
+	echo A A A A A >path &&
+	git add path &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "path is a regular file" &&
+	git blame HEAD^.. -- path
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame to a commit with no author name' '
+  TREE=`git rev-parse HEAD:`
+  cat >badcommit <<EOF
+tree $TREE
+author <noname> 1234567890 +0000
+committer David Reiss <dreiss@facebook.com> 1234567890 +0000
+
+some message
+EOF
+  COMMIT=`git hash-object -t commit -w badcommit`
+  git --no-pager blame $COMMIT -- uno >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame -L with invalid start' '
+	test_must_fail git blame -L5 tres 2>&1 | grep "has only 2 lines"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'blame -L with invalid end' '
+	git blame -L1,5 tres 2>&1 | grep "has only 2 lines"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh b/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
index 4470a92bb..cb390559f 100755
--- a/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
+++ b/t/t8005-blame-i18n.sh
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ test_description='git blame encoding conversion'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t8005/utf8.txt
-. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t8005/cp1251.txt
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t8005/euc-japan.txt
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t8005/sjis.txt
 
 test_expect_success 'setup the repository' '
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ test_expect_success 'setup the repository' '
 	git add file &&
 	git commit --author "$UTF8_NAME <utf8@localhost>" -m "$UTF8_MSG" &&
 
-	echo "CP1251 LINE" >> file &&
+	echo "EUC-JAPAN LINE" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
-	git config i18n.commitencoding cp1251 &&
-	git commit --author "$CP1251_NAME <cp1251@localhost>" -m "$CP1251_MSG" &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding eucJP &&
+	git commit --author "$EUC_JAPAN_NAME <euc-japan@localhost>" -m "$EUC_JAPAN_MSG" &&
 
 	echo "SJIS LINE" >> file &&
 	git add file &&
-	git config i18n.commitencoding shift-jis &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding SJIS &&
 	git commit --author "$SJIS_NAME <sjis@localhost>" -m "$SJIS_MSG"
 '
 
@@ -36,24 +36,24 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'blame respects i18n.commitencoding' '
 	git blame --incremental file | \
-		grep "^\(author\|summary\) " > actual &&
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
 	test_cmp actual expected
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
-author $CP1251_NAME
-summary $CP1251_MSG
-author $CP1251_NAME
-summary $CP1251_MSG
-author $CP1251_NAME
-summary $CP1251_MSG
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'blame respects i18n.logoutputencoding' '
-	git config i18n.logoutputencoding cp1251 &&
+	git config i18n.logoutputencoding eucJP &&
 	git blame --incremental file | \
-		grep "^\(author\|summary\) " > actual &&
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
 	test_cmp actual expected
 '
 
@@ -67,17 +67,17 @@ summary $UTF8_MSG
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
-	'blame respects --encoding=utf-8' '
-	git blame --incremental --encoding=utf-8 file | \
-		grep "^\(author\|summary\) " > actual &&
+	'blame respects --encoding=UTF-8' '
+	git blame --incremental --encoding=UTF-8 file | \
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
 	test_cmp actual expected
 '
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
 author $SJIS_NAME
 summary $SJIS_MSG
-author $CP1251_NAME
-summary $CP1251_MSG
+author $EUC_JAPAN_NAME
+summary $EUC_JAPAN_MSG
 author $UTF8_NAME
 summary $UTF8_MSG
 EOF
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success \
 	'blame respects --encoding=none' '
 	git blame --incremental --encoding=none file | \
-		grep "^\(author\|summary\) " > actual &&
+		egrep "^(author|summary) " > actual &&
 	test_cmp actual expected
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t8005/cp1251.txt b/t/t8005/cp1251.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index ce41e98b8..000000000
--- a/t/t8005/cp1251.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-CP1251_NAME="Èâàí Ïåòðîâè÷ Ñèäîðîâ"
-CP1251_MSG="Òåñòîâîå ñîîáùåíèå"
diff --git a/t/t8005/euc-japan.txt b/t/t8005/euc-japan.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..288f040c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t8005/euc-japan.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+EUC_JAPAN_NAME="»³ÅÄ ÂÀϺ"
+EUC_JAPAN_MSG="¥Ö¥ì¡¼¥à¤Î¥Æ¥¹¥È¤Ç¤¹¡£"
diff --git a/t/t8005/sjis.txt b/t/t8005/sjis.txt
index 2ccfbad20..bbdefeace 100644
--- a/t/t8005/sjis.txt
+++ b/t/t8005/sjis.txt
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-SJIS_NAME="„I„r„p„~ „P„u„„„‚„€„r„y„‰ „R„y„t„€„‚„€„r"
-SJIS_MSG="„S„u„ƒ„„„€„r„€„u „ƒ„€„€„q„‹„u„~„y„u"
+SJIS_NAME="ŽR“c ‘¾˜Y"
+SJIS_MSG="ƒuƒŒ�[ƒ€‚̃eƒXƒg‚Å‚·�B"
diff --git a/t/t8005/utf8.txt b/t/t8005/utf8.txt
index f46cfc56d..4d00dbea7 100644
--- a/t/t8005/utf8.txt
+++ b/t/t8005/utf8.txt
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-UTF8_NAME="Иван Петрович Сидоров"
-UTF8_MSG="Те�товое �ообщение"
+UTF8_NAME="山田 太郎"
+UTF8_MSG="ブレーム�テスト��。"
diff --git a/t/t9001-send-email.sh b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
index cb3d18377..752adaac8 100755
--- a/t/t9001-send-email.sh
+++ b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
 test_description='git send-email'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git send-email tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 PROG='git send-email'
 test_expect_success \
     'prepare reference tree' \
@@ -32,31 +37,118 @@ clean_fake_sendmail() {
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'Extract patches' '
-    patches=`git format-patch -n HEAD^1`
+    patches=`git format-patch -s --cc="One <one@example.com>" --cc=two@example.com -n HEAD^1`
 '
 
+# Test no confirm early to ensure remaining tests will not hang
+test_no_confirm () {
+	rm -f no_confirm_okay
+	echo n | \
+		GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
+		git send-email \
+		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$@ \
+		$patches > stdout &&
+		test_must_fail grep "Send this email" stdout &&
+		> no_confirm_okay
+}
+
+# Exit immediately to prevent hang if a no-confirm test fails
+check_no_confirm () {
+	test -f no_confirm_okay || {
+		say 'No confirm test failed; skipping remaining tests to prevent hanging'
+		test_done
+	}
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'No confirm with --suppress-cc' '
+	test_no_confirm --suppress-cc=sob
+'
+check_no_confirm
+
+test_expect_success 'No confirm with --confirm=never' '
+	test_no_confirm --confirm=never
+'
+check_no_confirm
+
+# leave sendemail.confirm set to never after this so that none of the
+# remaining tests prompt unintentionally.
+test_expect_success 'No confirm with sendemail.confirm=never' '
+	git config sendemail.confirm never &&
+	test_no_confirm --compose --subject=foo
+'
+check_no_confirm
+
 test_expect_success 'Send patches' '
-     git send-email --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
+     git send-email --suppress-cc=sob --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+!nobody@example.com!
+!author@example.com!
+!one@example.com!
+!two@example.com!
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+    'Verify commandline' \
+    'test_cmp expected commandline1'
+
+test_expect_success 'Send patches with --envelope-sender' '
+    clean_fake_sendmail &&
+     git send-email --envelope-sender="Patch Contributer <patch@example.com>" --suppress-cc=sob --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
+!patch@example.com!
+!-i!
 !nobody@example.com!
 !author@example.com!
+!one@example.com!
+!two@example.com!
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
     'Verify commandline' \
-    'diff commandline1 expected'
+    'test_cmp expected commandline1'
+
+test_expect_success 'Send patches with --envelope-sender=auto' '
+    clean_fake_sendmail &&
+     git send-email --envelope-sender=auto --suppress-cc=sob --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" --to=nobody@example.com --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" $patches 2>errors
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+!nobody@example.com!
+!-i!
+!nobody@example.com!
+!author@example.com!
+!one@example.com!
+!two@example.com!
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+    'Verify commandline' \
+    'test_cmp expected commandline1'
 
 cat >expected-show-all-headers <<\EOF
 0001-Second.patch
 (mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
 Dry-OK. Log says:
 Server: relay.example.com
 MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
-RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<cc@example.com>,<author@example.com>,<bcc@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<cc@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<bcc@example.com>
 From: Example <from@example.com>
 To: to@example.com
-Cc: cc@example.com, A <author@example.com>
+Cc: cc@example.com,
+	A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com
 Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
@@ -70,6 +162,7 @@ EOF
 test_expect_success 'Show all headers' '
 	git send-email \
 		--dry-run \
+		--suppress-cc=sob \
 		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
 		--to=to@example.com \
 		--cc=cc@example.com \
@@ -84,6 +177,38 @@ test_expect_success 'Show all headers' '
 	test_cmp expected-show-all-headers actual-show-all-headers
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Prompting works' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(echo "Example <from@example.com>"
+	 echo "to@example.com"
+	 echo ""
+	) | GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches \
+		2>errors &&
+		grep "^From: Example <from@example.com>$" msgtxt1 &&
+		grep "^To: to@example.com$" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cccmd works' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	cp $patches cccmd.patch &&
+	echo cccmd--cccmd@example.com >>cccmd.patch &&
+	{
+	  echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
+	  echo sed -n -e s/^cccmd--//p \"\$1\"
+	} > cccmd-sed &&
+	chmod +x cccmd-sed &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--cc-cmd=./cccmd-sed \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		cccmd.patch \
+		&&
+	grep "^	cccmd@example.com" msgtxt1
+'
+
 z8=zzzzzzzz
 z64=$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8$z8
 z512=$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64$z64
@@ -104,6 +229,28 @@ test_expect_success 'no patch was sent' '
 	! test -e commandline1
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'Author From: in message body' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches &&
+	sed "1,/^$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1
+	grep "From: A <author@example.com>" msgbody1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Author From: not in message body' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git send-email \
+		--from="A <author@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$patches &&
+	sed "1,/^$/d" < msgtxt1 > msgbody1
+	! grep "From: A <author@example.com>" msgbody1
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'allow long lines with --no-validate' '
 	git send-email \
 		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
@@ -148,15 +295,13 @@ test_set_editor "$(pwd)/fake-editor"
 
 test_expect_success '--compose works' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
-	echo y | \
-		GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
-		git send-email \
-		--compose --subject foo \
-		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
-		--to=nobody@example.com \
-		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
-		$patches \
-		2>errors
+	git send-email \
+	--compose --subject foo \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	$patches \
+	2>errors
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'first message is compose text' '
@@ -167,16 +312,25 @@ test_expect_success 'second message is patch' '
 	grep "Subject:.*Second" msgtxt2
 '
 
-cat >expected-show-all-headers <<\EOF
+cat >expected-suppress-sob <<\EOF
 0001-Second.patch
 (mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
 Dry-OK. Log says:
 Server: relay.example.com
 MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
-RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<cc@example.com>,<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<cc@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
 From: Example <from@example.com>
 To: to@example.com
-Cc: cc@example.com, A <author@example.com>
+Cc: cc@example.com,
+	A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com
 Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
@@ -185,10 +339,10 @@ X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
 Result: OK
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'sendemail.cc set' '
-	git config sendemail.cc cc@example.com &&
+test_suppression () {
 	git send-email \
 		--dry-run \
+		--suppress-cc=$1 ${2+"--suppress-cc=$2"} \
 		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
 		--to=to@example.com \
 		--smtp-server relay.example.com \
@@ -196,20 +350,32 @@ test_expect_success 'sendemail.cc set' '
 	sed	-e "s/^\(Date:\).*/\1 DATE-STRING/" \
 		-e "s/^\(Message-Id:\).*/\1 MESSAGE-ID-STRING/" \
 		-e "s/^\(X-Mailer:\).*/\1 X-MAILER-STRING/" \
-		>actual-show-all-headers &&
-	test_cmp expected-show-all-headers actual-show-all-headers
+		>actual-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"} &&
+	test_cmp expected-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"} actual-suppress-$1${2+"-$2"}
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'sendemail.cc set' '
+	git config sendemail.cc cc@example.com &&
+	test_suppression sob
 '
 
-cat >expected-show-all-headers <<\EOF
+cat >expected-suppress-sob <<\EOF
 0001-Second.patch
 (mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
 Dry-OK. Log says:
 Server: relay.example.com
 MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
-RCPT TO:<to@example.com>,<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
 From: Example <from@example.com>
 To: to@example.com
-Cc: A <author@example.com>
+Cc: A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com
 Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
 Date: DATE-STRING
 Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
@@ -220,17 +386,315 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'sendemail.cc unset' '
 	git config --unset sendemail.cc &&
+	test_suppression sob
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-cccmd <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(body) Adding cc: C O Mitter <committer@example.com> from line 'Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<committer@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com,
+	C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'sendemail.cccmd' '
+	echo echo cc-cmd@example.com > cccmd &&
+	chmod +x cccmd &&
+	git config sendemail.cccmd ./cccmd &&
+	test_suppression cccmd
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-all <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=all' '
+	test_suppression all
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-body <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(cc-cmd) Adding cc: cc-cmd@example.com from: './cccmd'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<cc-cmd@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com,
+	cc-cmd@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=body' '
+	test_suppression body
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-body-cccmd <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=body --suppress-cc=cccmd' '
+	test_suppression body cccmd
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-sob <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=sob' '
+	git config --unset sendemail.cccmd
+	test_suppression sob
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-bodycc <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(mbox) Adding cc: One <one@example.com> from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(mbox) Adding cc: two@example.com from line 'Cc: One <one@example.com>, two@example.com'
+(body) Adding cc: C O Mitter <committer@example.com> from line 'Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<one@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<two@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<committer@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>,
+	One <one@example.com>,
+	two@example.com,
+	C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=bodycc' '
+	test_suppression bodycc
+'
+
+cat >expected-suppress-cc <<\EOF
+0001-Second.patch
+(mbox) Adding cc: A <author@example.com> from line 'From: A <author@example.com>'
+(body) Adding cc: C O Mitter <committer@example.com> from line 'Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>'
+Dry-OK. Log says:
+Server: relay.example.com
+MAIL FROM:<from@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<to@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<author@example.com>
+RCPT TO:<committer@example.com>
+From: Example <from@example.com>
+To: to@example.com
+Cc: A <author@example.com>,
+	C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Second.
+Date: DATE-STRING
+Message-Id: MESSAGE-ID-STRING
+X-Mailer: X-MAILER-STRING
+
+Result: OK
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success '--suppress-cc=cc' '
+	test_suppression cc
+'
+
+test_confirm () {
+	echo y | \
+		GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
+		git send-email \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		$@ $patches > stdout &&
+	grep "Send this email" stdout
+}
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=always' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=always --suppress-cc=all
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=auto' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=auto
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=cc' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=cc
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--confirm=compose' '
+	test_confirm --confirm=compose --compose
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm by default (due to cc)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
+	test_confirm
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm by default (due to --compose)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
+	test_confirm --suppress-cc=all --compose
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm detects EOF (inform assumes y)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config --unset sendemail.confirm &&
+	rm -fr outdir &&
+	git format-patch -2 -o outdir &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
+		git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			outdir/*.patch < /dev/null
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm detects EOF (auto causes failure)' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config sendemail.confirm auto &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 &&
+	export GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY &&
+		test_must_fail git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			$patches < /dev/null
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm doesnt loop forever' '
+	CONFIRM=$(git config --get sendemail.confirm) &&
+	git config sendemail.confirm auto &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 &&
+	export GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY &&
+		yes "bogus" | test_must_fail git send-email \
+			--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+			--to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			$patches
+	ret="$?"
+	git config sendemail.confirm ${CONFIRM:-never}
+	test $ret = "0"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'utf8 Cc is rfc2047 encoded' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	rm -fr outdir &&
+	git format-patch -1 -o outdir --cc="àéìöú <utf8@example.com>" &&
 	git send-email \
-		--dry-run \
-		--from="Example <from@example.com>" \
-		--to=to@example.com \
-		--smtp-server relay.example.com \
-		$patches |
-	sed	-e "s/^\(Date:\).*/\1 DATE-STRING/" \
-		-e "s/^\(Message-Id:\).*/\1 MESSAGE-ID-STRING/" \
-		-e "s/^\(X-Mailer:\).*/\1 X-MAILER-STRING/" \
-		>actual-show-all-headers &&
-	test_cmp expected-show-all-headers actual-show-all-headers
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	outdir/*.patch &&
+	grep "^	" msgtxt1 |
+	grep "=?UTF-8?q?=C3=A0=C3=A9=C3=AC=C3=B6=C3=BA?= <utf8@example.com>"
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--compose adds MIME for utf8 body' '
@@ -239,9 +703,7 @@ test_expect_success '--compose adds MIME for utf8 body' '
 	 echo "echo utf8 body: àéìöú >>\"\$1\""
 	) >fake-editor-utf8 &&
 	chmod +x fake-editor-utf8 &&
-	echo y | \
 	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor-utf8\"" \
-	  GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
 	  git send-email \
 	  --compose --subject foo \
 	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
@@ -249,7 +711,7 @@ test_expect_success '--compose adds MIME for utf8 body' '
 	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 	  $patches &&
 	grep "^utf8 body" msgtxt1 &&
-	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8" msgtxt1
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" msgtxt1
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--compose respects user mime type' '
@@ -263,9 +725,7 @@ test_expect_success '--compose respects user mime type' '
 	 echo " echo utf8 body: àéìöú) >\"\$1\""
 	) >fake-editor-utf8-mime &&
 	chmod +x fake-editor-utf8-mime &&
-	echo y | \
 	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor-utf8-mime\"" \
-	  GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
 	  git send-email \
 	  --compose --subject foo \
 	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
@@ -274,14 +734,12 @@ test_expect_success '--compose respects user mime type' '
 	  $patches &&
 	grep "^utf8 body" msgtxt1 &&
 	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1" msgtxt1 &&
-	! grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8" msgtxt1
+	! grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" msgtxt1
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--compose adds MIME for utf8 subject' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
-	echo y | \
 	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor\"" \
-	  GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 \
 	  git send-email \
 	  --compose --subject utf8-sübjëct \
 	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
@@ -289,7 +747,7 @@ test_expect_success '--compose adds MIME for utf8 subject' '
 	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 	  $patches &&
 	grep "^fake edit" msgtxt1 &&
-	grep "^Subject: =?utf-8?q?utf8-s=C3=BCbj=C3=ABct?=" msgtxt1
+	grep "^Subject: =?UTF-8?q?utf8-s=C3=BCbj=C3=ABct?=" msgtxt1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'detects ambiguous reference/file conflict' '
@@ -303,7 +761,7 @@ test_expect_success 'detects ambiguous reference/file conflict' '
 test_expect_success 'feed two files' '
 	rm -fr outdir &&
 	git format-patch -2 -o outdir &&
-	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
+	git send-email \
 	--dry-run \
 	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
 	--to=nobody@example.com \
@@ -313,4 +771,85 @@ test_expect_success 'feed two files' '
 	test "z$(sed -n -e 2p subjects)" = "zSubject: [PATCH 2/2] add master"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'in-reply-to but no threading' '
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--in-reply-to="<in-reply-id@example.com>" \
+		--nothread \
+		$patches |
+	grep "In-Reply-To: <in-reply-id@example.com>"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no in-reply-to and no threading' '
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--nothread \
+		$patches $patches >stdout &&
+	! grep "In-Reply-To: " stdout
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'threading but no chain-reply-to' '
+	git send-email \
+		--dry-run \
+		--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+		--to=nobody@example.com \
+		--thread \
+		--nochain-reply-to \
+		$patches $patches >stdout &&
+	grep "In-Reply-To: " stdout
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'warning with an implicit --chain-reply-to' '
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	outdir/000?-*.patch 2>errors >out &&
+	grep "no-chain-reply-to" errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no warning with an explicit --chain-reply-to' '
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	--chain-reply-to \
+	outdir/000?-*.patch 2>errors >out &&
+	! grep "no-chain-reply-to" errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no warning with an explicit --no-chain-reply-to' '
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	--nochain-reply-to \
+	outdir/000?-*.patch 2>errors >out &&
+	! grep "no-chain-reply-to" errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no warning with sendemail.chainreplyto = false' '
+	git config sendemail.chainreplyto false &&
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	outdir/000?-*.patch 2>errors >out &&
+	! grep "no-chain-reply-to" errors
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no warning with sendemail.chainreplyto = true' '
+	git config sendemail.chainreplyto true &&
+	git send-email \
+	--dry-run \
+	--from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	--to=nobody@example.com \
+	outdir/000?-*.patch 2>errors >out &&
+	! grep "no-chain-reply-to" errors
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
index bb921af56..570e0359e 100755
--- a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
@@ -6,19 +6,19 @@
 test_description='git svn basic tests'
 GIT_SVN_LC_ALL=${LC_ALL:-$LANG}
 
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+say 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git svn tests'
+
 case "$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL" in
 *.UTF-8)
-	have_utf8=t
+	test_set_prereq UTF8
 	;;
 *)
-	have_utf8=
+	say "UTF-8 locale not set, some tests skipped ($GIT_SVN_LC_ALL)"
 	;;
 esac
 
-. ./lib-git-svn.sh
-
-say 'define NO_SVN_TESTS to skip git svn tests'
-
 test_expect_success \
     'initialize git svn' '
 	mkdir import &&
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	echo "zzz" > bar/zzz &&
 	echo "#!/bin/sh" > exec.sh &&
 	chmod +x exec.sh &&
-	svn import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	rm -rf import &&
 	git svn init "$svnrepo"'
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
 		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch &&
-	svn up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -d "$SVN_TREE"/dir && test ! -d "$SVN_TREE"/dir/a'
 
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
 		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test ! -x "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
 		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
 		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -L "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 name='new symlink is added to a file that was also just made executable'
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
 		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/bar/zzz &&
 	test -L "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh'
 
@@ -166,25 +166,20 @@ test_expect_success "$name" '
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
 		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
-	svn up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
 	test -f "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh &&
 	test ! -L "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh &&
 	test_cmp help "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh'
 
-if test "$have_utf8" = t
-then
-	name="commit with UTF-8 message: locale: $GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
-	LC_ALL="$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
-	export LC_ALL
-	test_expect_success "$name" "
-		echo '# hello' >> exec-2.sh &&
-		git update-index exec-2.sh &&
-		git commit -m 'éï�' &&
-		git svn set-tree HEAD"
-	unset LC_ALL
-else
-	say "UTF-8 locale not set, test skipped ($GIT_SVN_LC_ALL)"
-fi
+name="commit with UTF-8 message: locale: $GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
+LC_ALL="$GIT_SVN_LC_ALL"
+export LC_ALL
+test_expect_success UTF8 "$name" "
+	echo '# hello' >> exec-2.sh &&
+	git update-index exec-2.sh &&
+	git commit -m 'éï�' &&
+	git svn set-tree HEAD"
+unset LC_ALL
 
 name='test fetch functionality (svn => git) with alternate GIT_SVN_ID'
 GIT_SVN_ID=alt
@@ -197,7 +192,7 @@ test_expect_success "$name" \
 
 name='check imported tree checksums expected tree checksums'
 rm -f expected
-if test "$have_utf8" = t
+if test_have_prereq UTF8
 then
 	echo tree bf522353586b1b883488f2bc73dab0d9f774b9a9 > expected
 fi
@@ -236,6 +231,25 @@ test_expect_success \
                               "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}$"
         '
 
+test_expect_success 'dcommit $rev does not clobber current branch' '
+	git svn fetch -i bar &&
+	git checkout -b my-bar refs/remotes/bar &&
+	echo 1 > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "change 1" &&
+	echo 2 > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "change 2" &&
+	old_head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	git svn dcommit -i bar HEAD^ &&
+	test $old_head = $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test refs/heads/my-bar = $(git symbolic-ref HEAD) &&
+	git log refs/remotes/bar | grep "change 1" &&
+	! git log refs/remotes/bar | grep "change 2" &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -D my-bar
+	'
+
 test_expect_success 'able to dcommit to a subdirectory' "
 	git svn fetch -i bar &&
 	git checkout -b my-bar refs/remotes/bar &&
diff --git a/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh b/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
index 1e31d6ea7..929499e99 100755
--- a/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9101-git-svn-props.sh
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ EOF
 	printf "\r\n" > empty_crlf
 	a_empty_crlf=`git hash-object -w empty_crlf`
 
-	svn import --no-auto-props -m 'import for git svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
+	svn_cmd import --no-auto-props -m 'import for git svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
 cd ..
 
 rm -rf import
@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@ test_expect_success 'setup some commits to svn' \
 	'cd test_wc &&
 		echo Greetings >> kw.c &&
 		poke kw.c &&
-		svn commit -m "Not yet an Id" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Not yet an Id" &&
 		echo Hello world >> kw.c &&
 		poke kw.c &&
-		svn commit -m "Modified file, but still not yet an Id" &&
-		svn propset svn:keywords Id kw.c &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Modified file, but still not yet an Id" &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:keywords Id kw.c &&
 		poke kw.c &&
-		svn commit -m "Propset Id" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Propset Id" &&
 	cd ..'
 
 test_expect_success 'initialize git svn' 'git svn init "$svnrepo"'
@@ -83,16 +83,16 @@ test_expect_success 'raw $Id$ found in kw.c' "test '$expect' = '$got'"
 
 test_expect_success "propset CR on crlf files" \
 	'cd test_wc &&
-		svn propset svn:eol-style CR empty &&
-		svn propset svn:eol-style CR crlf &&
-		svn propset svn:eol-style CR ne_crlf &&
-		svn commit -m "propset CR on crlf files" &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CR empty &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CR crlf &&
+		svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CR ne_crlf &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "propset CR on crlf files" &&
 	 cd ..'
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch and pull latest from svn and checkout a new wc' \
 	'git svn fetch &&
 	 git pull . ${remotes_git_svn} &&
-	 svn co "$svnrepo" new_wc'
+	 svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" new_wc'
 
 for i in crlf ne_crlf lf ne_lf cr ne_cr empty_cr empty_lf empty empty_crlf
 do
@@ -106,11 +106,11 @@ cd test_wc
 	a_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld\r\n' | git hash-object --stdin`
 	a_ne_cr=`printf '$Id$\r\nHello\r\nWorld' | git hash-object --stdin`
 	test_expect_success 'Set CRLF on cr files' \
-	'svn propset svn:eol-style CRLF cr &&
-	 svn propset svn:eol-style CRLF ne_cr &&
-	 svn propset svn:keywords Id cr &&
-	 svn propset svn:keywords Id ne_cr &&
-	 svn commit -m "propset CRLF on cr files"'
+	'svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CRLF cr &&
+	 svn_cmd propset svn:eol-style CRLF ne_cr &&
+	 svn_cmd propset svn:keywords Id cr &&
+	 svn_cmd propset svn:keywords Id ne_cr &&
+	 svn_cmd commit -m "propset CRLF on cr files"'
 cd ..
 test_expect_success 'fetch and pull latest from svn' \
 	'git svn fetch && git pull . ${remotes_git_svn}'
@@ -140,10 +140,12 @@ test_expect_success 'test show-ignore' "
 	cd test_wc &&
 	mkdir -p deeply/nested/directory &&
 	touch deeply/nested/directory/.keep &&
-	svn add deeply &&
-	svn up &&
-	svn propset -R svn:ignore 'no-such-file*' .
-	svn commit -m 'propset svn:ignore'
+	svn_cmd add deeply &&
+	svn_cmd up &&
+	svn_cmd propset -R svn:ignore '
+no-such-file*
+' .
+	svn_cmd commit -m 'propset svn:ignore'
 	cd .. &&
 	git svn show-ignore > show-ignore.got &&
 	cmp show-ignore.expect show-ignore.got
@@ -171,6 +173,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test create-ignore' "
 	"
 
 cat >prop.expect <<\EOF
+
 no-such-file*
 
 EOF
diff --git a/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh b/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
index e22321801..028fb19e0 100755
--- a/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
+++ b/t/t9102-git-svn-deep-rmdir.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir -p deeply/nested/directory/number/2 &&
 	echo foo > deeply/nested/directory/number/1/file &&
 	echo foo > deeply/nested/directory/number/2/another &&
-	svn import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd ..
 	'
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ test_expect_success 'Try a commit on rmdir' '
 	git rm -f deeply/nested/directory/number/2/another &&
 	git commit -a -m "remove another" &&
 	git svn set-tree --rmdir HEAD &&
-	svn ls -R "$svnrepo" | grep ^deeply/nested/directory/number/1
+	svn_cmd ls -R "$svnrepo" | grep ^deeply/nested/directory/number/1
 	'
 
 
diff --git a/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh b/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
index 963dd95e4..3413164cb 100755
--- a/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
+++ b/t/t9103-git-svn-tracked-directory-removed.sh
@@ -10,15 +10,15 @@ test_expect_success 'make history for tracking' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	mkdir import/trunk &&
 	echo hello >> import/trunk/README &&
-	svn import -m initial import "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m initial import "$svnrepo" &&
 	rm -rf import &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
 	echo bye bye >> trunk/README &&
-	svn rm -m "gone" "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd rm -m "gone" "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
 	rm -rf trunk &&
 	mkdir trunk &&
 	echo "new" > trunk/FOLLOWME &&
-	svn import -m "new trunk" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk
+	svn_cmd import -m "new trunk" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone repo with git' '
diff --git a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
index 0a091e048..bbfd7f479 100755
--- a/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
+++ b/t/t9104-git-svn-follow-parent.sh
@@ -11,18 +11,18 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	cd import &&
 	mkdir -p trunk &&
 	echo hello > trunk/readme &&
-	svn import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" wc &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" wc &&
 	cd wc &&
 	echo world >> trunk/readme &&
 	poke trunk/readme &&
-	svn commit -m "another commit" &&
-	svn up &&
-	svn mv trunk thunk &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "another commit" &&
+	svn_cmd up &&
+	svn_cmd mv trunk thunk &&
 	echo goodbye >> thunk/readme &&
 	poke thunk/readme &&
-	svn commit -m "bye now" &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "bye now" &&
 	cd ..
 	'
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ test_expect_success 'init and fetch from one svn-remote' '
         '
 
 test_expect_success 'follow deleted parent' '
-        (svn cp -m "resurrecting trunk as junk" \
+        (svn_cmd cp -m "resurrecting trunk as junk" \
                "$svnrepo"/trunk@2 "$svnrepo"/junk ||
          svn cp -m "resurrecting trunk as junk" \
                -r2 "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/junk) &&
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ test_expect_success 'follow higher-level parent' '
         '
 
 test_expect_success 'follow deleted directory' '
-	svn mv -m "bye!" "$svnrepo"/glob/blob/hi "$svnrepo"/glob/blob/bye &&
-	svn rm -m "remove glob" "$svnrepo"/glob &&
+	svn_cmd mv -m "bye!" "$svnrepo"/glob/blob/hi "$svnrepo"/glob/blob/bye &&
+	svn_cmd rm -m "remove glob" "$svnrepo"/glob &&
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i glob "$svnrepo"/glob &&
 	git svn fetch -i glob &&
 	test "`git cat-file blob refs/remotes/glob:blob/bye`" = hi &&
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ test_expect_success 'follow-parent avoids deleting relevant info' '
 	cd import &&
 	  svn import -m "r9270 test" . "$svnrepo"/r9270 &&
 	cd .. &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl r9270 &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl r9270 &&
 	cd r9270 &&
 	  svn mkdir native &&
 	  svn mv t native/t &&
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ test_expect_success 'follow-parent avoids deleting relevant info' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success "track initial change if it was only made to parent" '
-	svn cp -m "wheee!" "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk "$svnrepo"/r9270/drunk &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "wheee!" "$svnrepo"/r9270/trunk "$svnrepo"/r9270/drunk &&
 	git svn init --minimize-url -i r9270-d \
 	  "$svnrepo"/r9270/drunk/subversion/bindings/swig/perl/native/t &&
 	git svn fetch -i r9270-d &&
@@ -149,8 +149,50 @@ test_expect_success "track initial change if it was only made to parent" '
 	     "`git rev-parse r9270-d~1`"
 	'
 
+test_expect_success "follow-parent is atomic" '
+	(
+		cd wc &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd mkdir stunk &&
+		echo "trunk stunk" > stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd add stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "trunk stunk" &&
+		echo "stunk like junk" >> stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "really stunk" &&
+		echo "stink stank stunk" >> stunk/readme &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "even the grinch agrees"
+	) &&
+	svn_cmd copy -m "stunk flunked" "$svnrepo"/stunk "$svnrepo"/flunk &&
+	{ svn cp -m "early stunk flunked too" \
+		"$svnrepo"/stunk@17 "$svnrepo"/flunked ||
+	svn_cmd cp -m "early stunk flunked too" \
+		-r17 "$svnrepo"/stunk "$svnrepo"/flunked; } &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i stunk "$svnrepo"/stunk &&
+	git svn fetch -i stunk &&
+	git update-ref refs/remotes/flunk@18 refs/remotes/stunk~2 &&
+	git update-ref -d refs/remotes/stunk &&
+	git config --unset svn-remote.svn.fetch stunk &&
+	mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/flunk@18 &&
+	rev_map=$(cd "$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/stunk && ls .rev_map*) &&
+	dd if="$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/stunk/$rev_map \
+	   of="$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/flunk@18/$rev_map bs=24 count=1 &&
+	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/stunk &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i flunk "$svnrepo"/flunk &&
+	git svn fetch -i flunk &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i stunk "$svnrepo"/stunk &&
+	git svn fetch -i stunk &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -i flunked "$svnrepo"/flunked &&
+	git svn fetch -i flunked
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk@18`" \
+	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk`" &&
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunk~1`" \
+	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk`" &&
+	test "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/flunked~1`" \
+	   = "`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/stunk~1`"
+	'
+
 test_expect_success "track multi-parent paths" '
-	svn cp -m "resurrect /glob" "$svnrepo"/r9270 "$svnrepo"/glob &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "resurrect /glob" "$svnrepo"/r9270 "$svnrepo"/glob &&
 	git svn multi-fetch &&
 	test `git cat-file commit refs/remotes/glob | \
 	       grep "^parent " | wc -l` -eq 2
diff --git a/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh b/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
index ba99abb6d..dd48e9cba 100755
--- a/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
+++ b/t/t9105-git-svn-commit-diff.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	echo hello > readme &&
-	svn import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	echo hello > readme &&
 	git update-index --add readme &&
@@ -27,16 +27,16 @@ prev=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^1`
 test_expect_success 'test the commit-diff command' '
 	test -n "$prev" && test -n "$head" &&
 	git svn commit-diff -r1 "$prev" "$head" "$svnrepo" &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" wc &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" wc &&
 	cmp readme wc/readme
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'commit-diff to a sub-directory (with git svn config)' '
-	svn import -m "sub-directory" import "$svnrepo"/subdir &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "sub-directory" import "$svnrepo"/subdir &&
 	git svn init --minimize-url "$svnrepo"/subdir &&
 	git svn fetch &&
 	git svn commit-diff -r3 "$prev" "$head" &&
-	svn cat "$svnrepo"/subdir/readme > readme.2 &&
+	svn_cmd cat "$svnrepo"/subdir/readme > readme.2 &&
 	cmp readme readme.2
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh b/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
index 6eb0fd85c..12f21b700 100755
--- a/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
+++ b/t/t9106-git-svn-commit-diff-clobber.sh
@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	echo initial > file &&
-	svn import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	echo initial > file &&
 	git update-index --add file &&
 	git commit -a -m "initial"
 	'
 test_expect_success 'commit change from svn side' '
-	svn co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
 	cd t.svn &&
 	echo second line from svn >> file &&
 	poke file &&
-	svn commit -m "second line from svn" &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "second line from svn" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	rm -rf t.svn
 	'
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ test_expect_success 'dcommit fails to commit because of conflict' '
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch &&
 	git reset --hard refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
 	cd t.svn &&
 	echo fourth line from svn >> file &&
 	poke file &&
-	svn commit -m "fourth line from svn" &&
+	svn_cmd commit -m "fourth line from svn" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	rm -rf t.svn &&
 	echo "fourth line from git" >> file &&
@@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ test_expect_success 'dcommit does the svn equivalent of an index merge' "
 	"
 
 test_expect_success 'commit another change from svn side' '
-	svn co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" t.svn &&
 	cd t.svn &&
 		echo third line from svn >> file &&
 		poke file &&
-		svn commit -m "third line from svn" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "third line from svn" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	rm -rf t.svn
 	'
diff --git a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
index acad16a6f..901b8e09f 100755
--- a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
+++ b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
@@ -12,13 +12,11 @@ test_expect_success 'setup old-looking metadata' '
 			mkdir -p $i && \
 			echo hello >> $i/README || exit 1
 		done && \
-		svn import -m test . "$svnrepo"
+		svn_cmd import -m test . "$svnrepo"
 		cd .. &&
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch &&
-	mv "$GIT_DIR"/svn/* "$GIT_DIR"/ &&
-	mv "$GIT_DIR"/svn/.metadata "$GIT_DIR"/ &&
-	rmdir "$GIT_DIR"/svn &&
+	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR"/svn &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	git update-ref refs/heads/svn-HEAD refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
 	git update-ref -d refs/${remotes_git_svn} refs/${remotes_git_svn}
@@ -56,7 +54,15 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize a multi-repository repo' '
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch "branches/b:refs/remotes/b" &&
 	for i in tags/0.1 tags/0.2 tags/0.3; do
 		git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
-		                 $i:refs/remotes/$i || exit 1; done
+		                 $i:refs/remotes/$i || exit 1; done &&
+	git config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
+	grep "^trunk:refs/remotes/trunk$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^branches/a:refs/remotes/a$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^branches/b:refs/remotes/b$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^tags/0\.1:refs/remotes/tags/0\.1$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^tags/0\.2:refs/remotes/tags/0\.2$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^tags/0\.3:refs/remotes/tags/0\.3$" fetch.out &&
+	grep "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}" fetch.out
 	'
 
 # refs should all be different, but the trees should all be the same:
@@ -79,36 +85,36 @@ test_expect_success 'migrate --minimize on old inited layout' '
 	rm -rf "$GIT_DIR"/svn &&
 	for i in `cat fetch.out`; do
 		path=`expr $i : "\([^:]*\):.*$"`
-		ref=`expr $i : "[^:]*:refs/remotes/\(.*\)$"`
+		ref=`expr $i : "[^:]*:\(refs/remotes/.*\)$"`
 		if test -z "$ref"; then continue; fi
 		if test -n "$path"; then path="/$path"; fi
 		( mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/ &&
 		echo "$svnrepo"$path > "$GIT_DIR"/svn/$ref/info/url ) || exit 1;
 	done &&
 	git svn migrate --minimize &&
-	test -z "`git config -l |grep -v "^svn-remote\.git-svn\."`" &&
+	test -z "`git config -l | grep "^svn-remote\.git-svn\."`" &&
 	git config --get-all svn-remote.svn.fetch > fetch.out &&
 	grep "^trunk:refs/remotes/trunk$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^branches/a:refs/remotes/a$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^branches/b:refs/remotes/b$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^tags/0\.1:refs/remotes/tags/0\.1$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^tags/0\.2:refs/remotes/tags/0\.2$" fetch.out &&
-	grep "^tags/0\.3:refs/remotes/tags/0\.3$" fetch.out
+	grep "^tags/0\.3:refs/remotes/tags/0\.3$" fetch.out &&
 	grep "^:refs/${remotes_git_svn}" fetch.out
 	'
 
 test_expect_success  ".rev_db auto-converted to .rev_map.UUID" '
 	git svn fetch -i trunk &&
-	test -z "$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_db.* 2>/dev/null)" &&
-	expect="$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_map.*)" &&
+	test -z "$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/trunk/.rev_db.* 2>/dev/null)" &&
+	expect="$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/trunk/.rev_map.*)" &&
 	test -n "$expect" &&
 	rev_db="$(echo $expect | sed -e "s,_map,_db,")" &&
 	convert_to_rev_db "$expect" "$rev_db" &&
 	rm -f "$expect" &&
 	test -f "$rev_db" &&
 	git svn fetch -i trunk &&
-	test -z "$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_db.* 2>/dev/null)" &&
-	test ! -e "$GIT_DIR"/svn/trunk/.rev_db &&
+	test -z "$(ls "$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/trunk/.rev_db.* 2>/dev/null)" &&
+	test ! -e "$GIT_DIR"/svn/refs/remotes/trunk/.rev_db &&
 	test -f "$expect"
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh b/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
index d8582b1aa..d732d3130 100755
--- a/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
+++ b/t/t9108-git-svn-glob.sh
@@ -14,30 +14,30 @@ test_expect_success 'test refspec globbing' '
 	mkdir -p trunk/src/a trunk/src/b trunk/doc &&
 	echo "hello world" > trunk/src/a/readme &&
 	echo "goodbye world" > trunk/src/b/readme &&
-	svn import -m "initial" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
 	(
 		cd tmp &&
 		mkdir branches tags &&
-		svn add branches tags &&
-		svn cp trunk branches/start &&
-		svn commit -m "start a new branch" &&
-		svn up &&
+		svn_cmd add branches tags &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/start &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "start a new branch" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
 		echo "hi" >> branches/start/src/b/readme &&
 		poke branches/start/src/b/readme &&
 		echo "hey" >> branches/start/src/a/readme &&
 		poke branches/start/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "hi" &&
-		svn up &&
-		svn cp branches/start tags/end &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "hi" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/start tags/end &&
 		echo "bye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		echo "aye" >> tags/end/src/a/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "the end" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "the end" &&
 		echo "byebye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "nothing to see here"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "nothing to see here"
 	) &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.url "$svnrepo" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only globbing' '
 		cd tmp &&
 		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "try to try"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
 	) &&
 	git svn fetch two &&
 	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end | wc -l` -eq 6 &&
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test disallow multi-globs' '
 		cd tmp &&
 		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "try to try"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
 	) &&
 	test_must_fail git svn fetch three 2> stderr.three &&
 	test_cmp expect.three stderr.three
diff --git a/t/t9108-git-svn-multi-glob.sh b/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
index 8f79c3f25..c318f9f94 100755
--- a/t/t9108-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
+++ b/t/t9109-git-svn-multi-glob.sh
@@ -14,30 +14,30 @@ test_expect_success 'test refspec globbing' '
 	mkdir -p trunk/src/a trunk/src/b trunk/doc &&
 	echo "hello world" > trunk/src/a/readme &&
 	echo "goodbye world" > trunk/src/b/readme &&
-	svn import -m "initial" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" trunk "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
 	(
 		cd tmp &&
 		mkdir branches branches/v1 tags &&
-		svn add branches tags &&
-		svn cp trunk branches/v1/start &&
-		svn commit -m "start a new branch" &&
-		svn up &&
+		svn_cmd add branches tags &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/v1/start &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "start a new branch" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
 		echo "hi" >> branches/v1/start/src/b/readme &&
 		poke branches/v1/start/src/b/readme &&
 		echo "hey" >> branches/v1/start/src/a/readme &&
 		poke branches/v1/start/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "hi" &&
-		svn up &&
-		svn cp branches/v1/start tags/end &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "hi" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/v1/start tags/end &&
 		echo "bye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		echo "aye" >> tags/end/src/a/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "the end" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "the end" &&
 		echo "byebye" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "nothing to see here"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "nothing to see here"
 	) &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.url "$svnrepo" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.svn.fetch \
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test left-hand-side only globbing' '
 		cd tmp &&
 		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "try to try"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
 	) &&
 	git svn fetch two &&
 	test `git rev-list refs/remotes/two/tags/end | wc -l` -eq 6 &&
@@ -97,25 +97,25 @@ test_expect_success 'test another branch' '
 	(
 		cd tmp &&
 		mkdir branches/v2 &&
-		svn add branches/v2 &&
-		svn cp trunk branches/v2/start &&
-		svn commit -m "Another versioned branch" &&
-		svn up &&
+		svn_cmd add branches/v2 &&
+		svn_cmd cp trunk branches/v2/start &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Another versioned branch" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
 		echo "hello" >> branches/v2/start/src/b/readme &&
 		poke branches/v2/start/src/b/readme &&
 		echo "howdy" >> branches/v2/start/src/a/readme &&
 		poke branches/v2/start/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "Changed 2 in v2/start" &&
-		svn up &&
-		svn cp branches/v2/start tags/next &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "Changed 2 in v2/start" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd cp branches/v2/start tags/next &&
 		echo "bye" >> tags/next/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/next/src/b/readme &&
 		echo "aye" >> tags/next/src/a/readme &&
 		poke tags/next/src/a/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "adding more" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "adding more" &&
 		echo "byebye" >> tags/next/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/next/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "adios"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "adios"
 	) &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.four.url "$svnrepo" &&
 	git config --add svn-remote.four.fetch trunk:refs/remotes/four/trunk &&
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ test_expect_success 'test disallow multiple globs' '
 		cd tmp &&
 		echo "try try" >> tags/end/src/b/readme &&
 		poke tags/end/src/b/readme &&
-		svn commit -m "try to try"
+		svn_cmd commit -m "try to try"
 	) &&
 	test_must_fail git svn fetch three 2> stderr.three &&
 	test_cmp expect.three stderr.three
diff --git a/t/t9113-git-svn-dcommit-new-file.sh b/t/t9113-git-svn-dcommit-new-file.sh
index e9b6128b3..e8479cec7 100755
--- a/t/t9113-git-svn-dcommit-new-file.sh
+++ b/t/t9113-git-svn-dcommit-new-file.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ test_description='git svn dcommit new files over svn:// test'
 require_svnserve
 
 test_expect_success 'start tracking an empty repo' '
-	svn mkdir -m "empty dir" "$svnrepo"/empty-dir &&
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "empty dir" "$svnrepo"/empty-dir &&
 	echo "[general]" > "$rawsvnrepo"/conf/svnserve.conf &&
 	echo anon-access = write >> "$rawsvnrepo"/conf/svnserve.conf &&
 	start_svnserve &&
diff --git a/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh b/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
index 17b2855c4..84f7c9b4b 100755
--- a/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t9114-git-svn-dcommit-merge.sh
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ EOF
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'setup svn repository' '
-	svn co "$svnrepo" mysvnwork &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" mysvnwork &&
 	mkdir -p mysvnwork/trunk &&
 	cd mysvnwork &&
 		big_text_block >> trunk/README &&
-		svn add trunk &&
-		svn ci -m "first commit" trunk &&
+		svn_cmd add trunk &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "first commit" trunk &&
 		cd ..
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh b/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
index 9be7aefae..767799e7a 100755
--- a/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
+++ b/t/t9115-git-svn-dcommit-funky-renames.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ test_expect_success 'init and fetch repository' '
 	'
 
 test_expect_success 'create file in existing ugly and empty dir' '
-	mkdir "#{bad_directory_name}" &&
+	mkdir -p "#{bad_directory_name}" &&
 	echo hi > "#{bad_directory_name}/ foo" &&
 	git update-index --add "#{bad_directory_name}/ foo" &&
 	git commit -m "new file in ugly parent" &&
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rename pretty file' '
 	git update-index --add pretty &&
 	git commit -m "pretty :x" &&
 	git svn dcommit &&
-	mkdir regular_dir_name &&
+	mkdir -p regular_dir_name &&
 	git mv pretty regular_dir_name/pretty &&
 	git commit -m "moved pretty file" &&
 	git svn dcommit
diff --git a/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh b/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
index fd6d1d204..0374a7476 100755
--- a/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
+++ b/t/t9116-git-svn-log.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repository and import' '
 			mkdir -p $i && \
 			echo hello >> $i/README || exit 1
 		done && \
-		svn import -m test . "$svnrepo"
+		svn_cmd import -m test . "$svnrepo"
 		cd .. &&
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" -T trunk -b branches -t tags &&
 	git svn fetch &&
diff --git a/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh b/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
index dde46cd92..b7ef9e258 100755
--- a/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t9117-git-svn-init-clone.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ cd tmp
 test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
 	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches project/tags &&
 	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
-	svn import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo"/project &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo"/project &&
 	rm -rf project
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
index 7a7c12868..ac52bff0e 100755
--- a/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
+++ b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ scary_ref='Abo-Uebernahme%20(Bug%20#994)'
 test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
 	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches project/tags &&
 	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
-	svn import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/pr ject" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/pr ject" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
-	svn cp -m "fun" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
+	svn_cmd cp -m "fun" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
 	                "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" &&
-	svn cp -m "more fun!" "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" \
+	svn_cmd cp -m "more fun!" "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" \
 	                      "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/more fun plugin!" &&
-	svn cp -m "scary" "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" \
+	svn_cmd cp -m "scary" "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/fun plugin" \
 	              "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/$scary_uri" &&
 	start_httpd
 	'
diff --git a/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
index 27dd7c273..95741cbba 100755
--- a/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
+++ b/t/t9119-git-svn-info.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ test_description='git svn info'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
 # Tested with: svn, version 1.4.4 (r25188)
-v=`svn --version | sed -n -e 's/^svn, version \(1\.[0-9]*\.[0-9]*\).*$/\1/p'`
+v=`svn_cmd --version | sed -n -e 's/^svn, version \(1\.[0-9]*\.[0-9]*\).*$/\1/p'`
 case $v in
 1.[45].*)
 	;;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ ptouch() {
 			my $atime = $mtime;
 			utime $atime, $mtime, $git_file;
 		}
-	' "`svn info $2 | grep '^Text Last Updated:'`" "$1"
+	' "`svn_cmd info $2 | grep '^Text Last Updated:'`" "$1"
 }
 
 quoted_svnrepo="$(echo $svnrepo | sed 's/ /%20/')"
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repository and import' '
 		mkdir directory &&
 		touch directory/.placeholder &&
 		ln -s directory symlink-directory &&
-		svn import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" svnwc &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" svnwc &&
 	cd svnwc &&
 		echo foo > foo &&
-		svn add foo &&
-		svn commit -m "change outside directory" &&
-		svn update &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "change outside directory" &&
+		svn_cmd update &&
 	cd .. &&
 	mkdir gitwc &&
 	cd gitwc &&
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-file' "
 	cp gitwc/added-file svnwc/added-file &&
 	ptouch gitwc/added-file svnwc/added-file &&
 	cd svnwc &&
-		svn add added-file > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd add added-file > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info added-file) > expected.info-added-file &&
 	(cd gitwc; git svn info added-file) > actual.info-added-file &&
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-directory' "
 	ptouch gitwc/added-directory svnwc/added-directory &&
 	touch gitwc/added-directory/.placeholder &&
 	cd svnwc &&
-		svn add added-directory > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd add added-directory > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	cd gitwc &&
 		git add added-directory &&
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-symlink-file' "
 	cd .. &&
 	cd svnwc &&
 		ln -s added-file added-symlink-file &&
-		svn add added-symlink-file > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd add added-symlink-file > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	ptouch gitwc/added-symlink-file svnwc/added-symlink-file &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-file) \
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info added-symlink-directory' "
 	cd .. &&
 	cd svnwc &&
 		ln -s added-directory added-symlink-directory &&
-		svn add added-symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd add added-symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	ptouch gitwc/added-symlink-directory svnwc/added-symlink-directory &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info added-symlink-directory) \
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-file' "
 		git rm -f file > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	cd svnwc &&
-		svn rm --force file > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force file > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info file) |
 	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-directory' "
 		git rm -r -f directory > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	cd svnwc &&
-		svn rm --force directory > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force directory > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info directory) |
 	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-symlink-file' "
 		git rm -f symlink-file > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	cd svnwc &&
-		svn rm --force symlink-file > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-file > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-file) |
 	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ test_expect_success 'info deleted-symlink-directory' "
 		git rm -f symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	cd svnwc &&
-		svn rm --force symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd rm --force symlink-directory > /dev/null &&
 	cd .. &&
 	(cd svnwc; svn info symlink-directory) |
 	sed -e 's/^\(Text Last Updated:\).*/\1 TEXT-LAST-UPDATED-STRING/' \
diff --git a/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh b/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
index ef2c0523c..9d9ebd533 100755
--- a/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
+++ b/t/t9120-git-svn-clone-with-percent-escapes.sh
@@ -9,22 +9,69 @@ test_description='git svn clone with percent escapes'
 test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
 	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches project/tags &&
 	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
-	svn import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/pr ject" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/pr ject" &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "branch" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
+	  "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/b" &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "tag" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
+	  "$svnrepo/pr ject/tags/v1" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
 	start_httpd
 '
 
-if test "$SVN_HTTPD_PORT" = ""
-then
-	test_expect_failure 'test clone with percent escapes - needs SVN_HTTPD_PORT set' 'false'
-else
-	test_expect_success 'test clone with percent escapes' '
-		git svn clone "$svnrepo/pr%20ject" clone &&
-		cd clone &&
-			git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
-		cd ..
-	'
-fi
+test_expect_success 'test clone with percent escapes' '
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo/pr%20ject" clone &&
+	cd clone &&
+		git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn} &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+# SVN works either way, so should we...
+
+test_expect_success 'svn checkout with percent escapes' '
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo/pr%20ject" svn.percent &&
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo/pr%20ject/trunk" svn.percent.trunk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'svn checkout with space' '
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo/pr ject" svn.space &&
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" svn.space.trunk
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test clone trunk with percent escapes and minimize-url' '
+	git svn clone --minimize-url "$svnrepo/pr%20ject/trunk" minimize &&
+	(
+		cd minimize &&
+		git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn}
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test clone trunk with percent escapes' '
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo/pr%20ject/trunk" trunk &&
+	(
+		cd trunk &&
+		git rev-parse refs/${remotes_git_svn}
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test clone --stdlayout with percent escapes' '
+	git svn clone --stdlayout "$svnrepo/pr%20ject" percent &&
+	(
+		cd percent &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk^0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/b^0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v1^0
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test clone -s with unescaped space' '
+	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo/pr ject" space &&
+	(
+		cd space &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/trunk^0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/b^0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v1^0
+	)
+'
 
 stop_httpd
 
diff --git a/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh b/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
index 1b1cf4728..30013b7bb 100755
--- a/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
+++ b/t/t9122-git-svn-author.sh
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ test_description='git svn authorship'
 . ./lib-git-svn.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup svn repository' '
-	svn checkout "$svnrepo" work.svn &&
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo" work.svn &&
 	(
 		cd work.svn &&
 		echo >file
-		svn add file
-		svn commit -m "first commit" file
+		svn_cmd add file
+		svn_cmd commit -m "first commit" file
 	)
 '
 
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ test_expect_success 'interact with it via git svn' '
 	# Make sure there are no svn commit messages with excess blank lines
 	(
 		cd work.svn &&
-		svn up &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
 		
-		test $(svn log -r2:2 | wc -l) = 5 &&
-		test $(svn log -r4:4 | wc -l) = 7
+		test $(svn_cmd log -r2:2 | wc -l) = 5 &&
+		test $(svn_cmd log -r4:4 | wc -l) = 7
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
index cf0415274..045521615 100755
--- a/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
+++ b/t/t9123-git-svn-rebuild-with-rewriteroot.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ test_description='git svn respects rewriteRoot during rebuild'
 mkdir import
 cd import
 	touch foo
-	svn import -m 'import for git svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
+	svn_cmd import -m 'import for git svn' . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null
 cd ..
 rm -rf import
 
diff --git a/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
index 263dbf5fc..d6b076f6b 100755
--- a/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
+++ b/t/t9124-git-svn-dcommit-auto-props.sh
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize git svn' '
 	(
 		cd import &&
 		echo foo >foo &&
-		svn import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo"
+		svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" . "$svnrepo"
 	) &&
 	rm -rf import &&
 	git svn init "$svnrepo"
@@ -61,23 +61,23 @@ test_expect_success 'check resulting svn repository' '
 (
 	mkdir work &&
 	cd work &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd svnrepo &&
 
 	# Check properties from first commit.
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:executable exec1.sh)" = "x*" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:mime-type exec1.sh)" = \
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec1.sh)" = "x*" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type exec1.sh)" = \
 	     "xapplication/x-shellscript" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:mime-type hello.txt)" = "xtext/plain" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:eol-style hello.txt)" = "xnative" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:mime-type bar)" = "x" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type hello.txt)" = "xtext/plain" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:eol-style hello.txt)" = "xnative" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type bar)" = "x" &&
 
 	# Check properties from second commit.
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:executable exec2.sh)" = "x*" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:mime-type exec2.sh)" = "x" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:mime-type world.txt)" = "x" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:eol-style world.txt)" = "x" &&
-	test "x$(svn propget svn:mime-type zot)" = "x"
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:executable exec2.sh)" = "x*" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type exec2.sh)" = "x" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type world.txt)" = "x" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:eol-style world.txt)" = "x" &&
+	test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type zot)" = "x"
 )
 '
 
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ test_expect_success 'check renamed file' '
 	git svn dcommit --config-dir=user &&
 	(
 		cd work/svnrepo &&
-		svn up &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
 		test ! -e foo &&
 		test -e foo.sh &&
-		test "x$(svn propget svn:mime-type foo.sh)" = \
+		test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:mime-type foo.sh)" = \
 		     "xapplication/x-shellscript" &&
-		test "x$(svn propget svn:eol-style foo.sh)" = "xLF"
+		test "x$(svn_cmd propget svn:eol-style foo.sh)" = "xLF"
 	)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t9125-git-svn-multi-glob-branch-names.sh b/t/t9125-git-svn-multi-glob-branch-names.sh
index 475c751c1..c19418614 100755
--- a/t/t9125-git-svn-multi-glob-branch-names.sh
+++ b/t/t9125-git-svn-multi-glob-branch-names.sh
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
 	mkdir project project/trunk project/branches \
 			project/branches/v14.1 project/tags &&
 	echo foo > project/trunk/foo &&
-	svn import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/project" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/project" &&
 	rm -rf project &&
-	svn cp -m "fun" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+	svn_cmd cp -m "fun" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
 	                "$svnrepo/project/branches/v14.1/beta" &&
-	svn cp -m "more fun!" "$svnrepo/project/branches/v14.1/beta" \
+	svn_cmd cp -m "more fun!" "$svnrepo/project/branches/v14.1/beta" \
 	                      "$svnrepo/project/branches/v14.1/gold"
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9127-git-svn-partial-rebuild.sh b/t/t9127-git-svn-partial-rebuild.sh
index 87696a92d..4aab8ecc1 100755
--- a/t/t9127-git-svn-partial-rebuild.sh
+++ b/t/t9127-git-svn-partial-rebuild.sh
@@ -14,21 +14,21 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize svnrepo' '
 		cd trunk &&
 		echo foo > foo &&
 		cd .. &&
-		svn import -m "import for git-svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
-		svn copy "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/a \
+		svn_cmd import -m "import for git-svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd copy "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/a \
 			-m "created branch a" &&
 		cd .. &&
 		rm -rf import &&
-		svn co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
+		svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
 		cd trunk &&
 		echo bar >> foo &&
-		svn ci -m "updated trunk" &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "updated trunk" &&
 		cd .. &&
-		svn co "$svnrepo"/branches/a a &&
+		svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/branches/a a &&
 		cd a &&
 		echo baz >> a &&
-		svn add a &&
-		svn ci -m "updated a" &&
+		svn_cmd add a &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "updated a" &&
 		cd .. &&
 		git svn init --stdlayout "$svnrepo"
 	)
diff --git a/t/t9128-git-svn-cmd-branch.sh b/t/t9128-git-svn-cmd-branch.sh
index 47c4d4d93..807e494a3 100755
--- a/t/t9128-git-svn-cmd-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t9128-git-svn-cmd-branch.sh
@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize svnrepo' '
 		cd trunk &&
 		echo foo > foo &&
 		cd .. &&
-		svn import -m "import for git-svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "import for git-svn" . "$svnrepo" >/dev/null &&
 		cd .. &&
 		rm -rf import &&
-		svn co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
+		svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk trunk &&
 		cd trunk &&
 		echo bar >> foo &&
-		svn ci -m "updated trunk" &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "updated trunk" &&
 		cd .. &&
 		rm -rf trunk
 	)
@@ -56,4 +56,23 @@ test_expect_success 'git svn branch tests' '
 	test_must_fail git svn tag tag1
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch uses correct svn-remote' '
+	(svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" svn &&
+	cd svn &&
+	mkdir mirror &&
+	svn_cmd add mirror &&
+	svn_cmd copy trunk mirror/ &&
+	svn_cmd copy tags mirror/ &&
+	svn_cmd copy branches mirror/ &&
+	svn_cmd ci -m "made mirror" ) &&
+	rm -rf svn &&
+	git svn init -s -R mirror --prefix=mirror/ "$svnrepo"/mirror &&
+	git svn fetch -R mirror &&
+	git checkout mirror/trunk &&
+	base=$(git rev-parse HEAD:) &&
+	git svn branch -m "branch in mirror" d &&
+	test $base = $(git rev-parse remotes/mirror/d:) &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse remotes/d
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
index 938b7fe4b..b9224bdb2 100755
--- a/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
+++ b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
@@ -15,21 +15,30 @@ compare_git_head_with () {
 }
 
 compare_svn_head_with () {
-	LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 svn log --limit 1 `git svn info --url` | \
-		sed -e 1,3d -e "/^-\{1,\}\$/d" >current &&
+	# extract just the log message and strip out committer info.
+	# don't use --limit here since svn 1.1.x doesn't have it,
+	LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 svn log `git svn info --url` | perl -w -e '
+		use bytes;
+		$/ = ("-"x72) . "\n";
+		my @x = <STDIN>;
+		@x = split(/\n/, $x[1]);
+		splice(@x, 0, 2);
+		$x[-1] = "";
+		print join("\n", @x);
+	' > current &&
 	test_cmp current "$1"
 }
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H setup" '
 		mkdir $H &&
-		svn import -m "$H test" $H "$svnrepo"/$H &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "$H test" $H "$svnrepo"/$H &&
 		git svn clone "$svnrepo"/$H $H
 	'
 done
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H commit on git side" '
 	(
@@ -46,7 +55,7 @@ do
 	'
 done
 
-for H in ISO-8859-1 EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H dcommit to svn" '
 	(
@@ -60,20 +69,26 @@ do
 	'
 done
 
-test_expect_success 'ISO-8859-1 should match UTF-8 in svn' '
-(
-	cd ISO-8859-1 &&
-	compare_svn_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
-)
-'
+if locale -a |grep -q en_US.utf8; then
+	test_set_prereq UTF8
+else
+	say "UTF-8 locale not available, test skipped"
+fi
 
-for H in EUCJP ISO-2022-JP
-do
-	test_expect_success '$H should match UTF-8 in svn' '
+test_expect_success UTF8 'ISO-8859-1 should match UTF-8 in svn' '
 	(
-		cd $H &&
-		compare_svn_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
+		cd ISO8859-1 &&
+		compare_svn_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt
 	)
+'
+
+for H in eucJP ISO-2022-JP
+do
+	test_expect_success UTF8 "$H should match UTF-8 in svn" '
+		(
+			cd $H &&
+			compare_svn_head_with "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/2-UTF-8.txt
+		)
 	'
 done
 
diff --git a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..134411e0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn authors file tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+cat > svn-authors <<EOF
+aa = AAAAAAA AAAAAAA <aa@example.com>
+bb = BBBBBBB BBBBBBB <bb@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	for i in aa bb cc dd
+	do
+		svn_cmd mkdir -m $i --username $i "$svnrepo"/$i
+	done
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'start import with incomplete authors file' '
+	! git svn clone --authors-file=svn-authors "$svnrepo" x
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'imported 2 revisions successfully' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 2 &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author BBBBBBB BBBBBBB <bb@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
+		  grep "^author AAAAAAA AAAAAAA <aa@example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+cat >> svn-authors <<EOF
+cc = CCCCCCC CCCCCCC <cc@example.com>
+dd = DDDDDDD DDDDDDD <dd@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'continues to import once authors have been added' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors &&
+		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 4 &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author DDDDDDD DDDDDDD <dd@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
+		  grep "^author CCCCCCC CCCCCCC <cc@example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-file against globs' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m globs --username aa \
+	  "$svnrepo"/aa/trunk "$svnrepo"/aa/branches "$svnrepo"/aa/tags &&
+	git svn clone --authors-file=svn-authors -s "$svnrepo"/aa aa-work &&
+	for i in bb ee cc
+	do
+		branch="aa/branches/$i"
+		svn_cmd mkdir -m "$branch" --username $i "$svnrepo/$branch"
+	done
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch fails on ee' '
+	( cd aa-work && ! git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors )
+	'
+
+tmp_config_get () {
+	GIT_CONFIG=.git/svn/.metadata git config --get "$1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'failure happened without negative side effects' '
+	(
+		cd aa-work &&
+		test 6 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev`" &&
+		test 6 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev`"
+	)
+	'
+
+cat >> svn-authors <<EOF
+ee = EEEEEEE EEEEEEE <ee@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch continues after authors-file is fixed' '
+	(
+		cd aa-work &&
+		git svn fetch --authors-file=../svn-authors &&
+		test 8 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev`" &&
+		test 8 -eq "`tmp_config_get svn-remote.svn.tags-maxRev`"
+	)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'fresh clone with svn.authors-file in config' '
+	(
+		rm -r "$GIT_DIR" &&
+		test x = x"$(git config svn.authorsfile)" &&
+		HOME="`pwd`" &&
+		export HOME &&
+		test_config="$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
+		unset GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL &&
+		unset GIT_DIR &&
+		unset GIT_CONFIG &&
+		git config --global \
+		  svn.authorsfile "$HOME"/svn-authors &&
+		test x"$HOME"/svn-authors = x"$(git config svn.authorsfile)" &&
+		git svn clone "$svnrepo" gitconfig.clone &&
+		cd gitconfig.clone &&
+		nr_ex=$(git log | grep "^Author:.*example.com" | wc -l) &&
+		nr_rev=$(git rev-list HEAD | wc -l) &&
+		test $nr_rev -eq $nr_ex
+	)
+'
+
+test_debug 'GIT_DIR=gitconfig.clone/.git git log'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh b/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9a24a65b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9131-git-svn-empty-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test that git handles an svn repository with empty symlinks'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile' '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" <<EOF
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 60780f9a-7df5-43b4-83ab-60e2c0673ef7
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:17:27.590577Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 4
+test
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:18:03.511836Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 33
+Text-content-length: 0
+Text-content-md5: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
+Content-length: 33
+
+K 11
+svn:special
+V 1
+*
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 121
+Content-length: 121
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 13
+bar => doink
+
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-27T03:55:31.601672Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 10
+Text-content-md5: 92ca4fe7a9721f877f765c252dcd66c9
+Content-length: 10
+
+link doink
+
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" x'
+test_expect_success 'enable broken symlink workaround' \
+  '(cd x && git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround true)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f x/bar && ! test -s x/bar'
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
+		'(cd x && git svn rebase)'
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" becomes a symlink' 'test -L x/bar'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" y'
+test_expect_success 'disable broken symlink workaround' \
+  '(cd y && git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround false)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f y/bar && ! test -s y/bar'
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
+		'(cd y && git svn rebase)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" does not become a symlink' '! test -L y/bar'
+
+# svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround is unset
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" z'
+test_expect_success '"bar" is an empty file' 'test -f z/bar && ! test -s z/bar'
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' \
+		'(cd z && git svn rebase)'
+test_expect_success '"bar" does not become a symlink' '! test -L z/bar'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh b/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6c4c90b03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9132-git-svn-broken-symlink.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test that git handles an svn repository with empty symlinks'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile' '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" <<EOF
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 60780f9a-7df5-43b4-83ab-60e2c0673ef7
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:17:27.590577Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 4
+test
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-26T07:18:03.511836Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 33
+Text-content-length: 4
+Text-content-md5: 912ec803b2ce49e4a541068d495ab570
+Content-length: 37
+
+K 11
+svn:special
+V 1
+*
+PROPS-END
+asdf
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 121
+Content-length: 121
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 13
+bar => doink
+
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 12
+normalperson
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2008-11-27T03:55:31.601672Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: bar
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 10
+Text-content-md5: 92ca4fe7a9721f877f765c252dcd66c9
+Content-length: 10
+
+link doink
+
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -r1 "$svnrepo" x'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" is a symlink that points to "asdf"' '
+	test -L x/bar &&
+	(cd x && test xasdf = x"`git cat-file blob HEAD:bar`")
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get "bar" => symlink fix from svn' '
+	(cd x && git svn rebase)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS '"bar" remains a proper symlink' '
+	test -L x/bar &&
+	(cd x && test xdoink = x"`git cat-file blob HEAD:bar`")
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9133-git-svn-nested-git-repo.sh b/t/t9133-git-svn-nested-git-repo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f3c30e63b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9133-git-svn-nested-git-repo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn property tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with a git repo inside it' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" s &&
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		git init &&
+		test -f .git/HEAD &&
+		> .git/a &&
+		echo a > a &&
+		svn_cmd add .git a &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create a nested git repo" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo hi >> .git/a &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "modify .git/a" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone an SVN repo containing a git repo' '
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo" g &&
+	echo a > expect &&
+	test_cmp expect g/a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change outside of .git' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo b >> a &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change outside of .git" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change outside of .git"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		echo a > expect &&
+		echo b >> expect &&
+		test_cmp a expect &&
+		rm expect
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change inside of .git' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m "add a inside an SVN repo" &&
+		git log &&
+		svn_cmd add --force .git &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change inside of .git" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change inside of .git"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		echo a > expect &&
+		echo b >> expect &&
+		test_cmp a expect &&
+		rm expect
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change in and out of .git' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo c >> a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m "add a inside an SVN repo" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change in and out of .git" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change in and out of .git"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		echo a > expect &&
+		echo b >> expect &&
+		echo c >> expect &&
+		test_cmp a expect &&
+		rm expect
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh b/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..09ff10cd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9134-git-svn-ignore-paths.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Vitaly Shukela
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn property tests'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" s &&
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		mkdir qqq www &&
+		echo test_qqq > qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
+		echo test_www > www/test_www.txt &&
+		svn_cmd add qqq &&
+		svn_cmd add www &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create some files" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo hi >> www/test_www.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "modify www/test_www.txt" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone an SVN repository with ignored www directory' '
+	git svn clone --ignore-paths="^www" "$svnrepo" g &&
+	echo test_qqq > expect &&
+	for i in g/*/*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init+fetch an SVN repository with ignored www directory' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" c &&
+	( cd c && git svn fetch --ignore-paths="^www" ) &&
+	rm expect2 &&
+	echo test_qqq > expect &&
+	for i in c/*/*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify ignore-paths config saved by clone' '
+	(
+	    cd g &&
+	    git config --get svn-remote.svn.ignore-paths | fgrep "www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change outside of www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo b >> qqq/test_qqq.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change outside of www" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change outside of www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (config ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --ignore-paths="^www" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change inside of ignored www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo zaq >> www/test_www.txt
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change inside of www/test_www.txt"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (config ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo (option ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --ignore-paths="^www" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'SVN-side change in and out of ignored www' '
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		echo cvf >> www/test_www.txt
+		echo ygg >> qqq/test_qqq.txt
+		svn_cmd commit -m "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd log -v | fgrep "SVN-side change in and out of ignored www"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again (config ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		git svn rebase &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\nygg\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update git svn-cloned repo again (option ignore)' '
+	(
+		cd c &&
+		git svn rebase --ignore-paths="^www" &&
+		printf "test_qqq\nb\nygg\n" > expect &&
+		for i in */*.txt; do cat $i >> expect2; done &&
+		test_cmp expect2 expect &&
+		rm expect expect2
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh b/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5280e5f1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9135-git-svn-moved-branch-empty-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test moved svn branch with missing empty files'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile'  '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" < "${TEST_DIRECTORY}/t9135/svn.dump"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" x'
+
+test_expect_success 'test that b1 exists and is empty' '
+	(
+		cd x &&
+		git reset --hard branch-c &&
+		test -f b1 &&
+		! test -s b1
+	)
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9135/svn.dump b/t/t9135/svn.dump
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b51c0ccce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9135/svn.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 1f80e919-e9e3-4d80-a3ae-d9f21095e27b
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:16.424027Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 123
+Content-length: 123
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 20
+init standard layout
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:17.195072Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 121
+Content-length: 121
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 18
+branch-b off trunk
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:19.160095Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-b
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+Prop-content-length: 34
+Content-length: 34
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 0
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 3
+Prop-content-length: 120
+Content-length: 120
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 17
+add empty file b1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:20.194568Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-b/b1
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 0
+Text-content-md5: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 4
+Prop-content-length: 110
+Content-length: 110
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 8
+branch-c
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:21.169100Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-c
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 3
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+
+Revision-number: 5
+Prop-content-length: 126
+Content-length: 126
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 23
+oops, wrong branchpoint
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:21.253557Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-c
+Node-action: delete
+
+
+Revision-number: 6
+Prop-content-length: 127
+Content-length: 127
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 24
+branch-c off of branch-b
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-10T19:23:21.314659Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/branch-c
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 5
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/branch-b
+Prop-content-length: 34
+Content-length: 34
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 0
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9136-git-svn-recreated-branch-empty-file.sh b/t/t9136-git-svn-recreated-branch-empty-file.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..733d16e0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9136-git-svn-recreated-branch-empty-file.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test recreated svn branch with empty files'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+test_expect_success 'load svn dumpfile'  '
+	svnadmin load "$rawsvnrepo" < "${TEST_DIRECTORY}/t9136/svn.dump"
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone using git svn' 'git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" x'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9136/svn.dump b/t/t9136/svn.dump
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b1ce0b2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9136/svn.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: eecae021-8f16-48da-969d-79beb8ae6ea5
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:56.292890Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 106
+Content-length: 106
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 4
+init
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:57.192384Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: tags
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/file
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 0
+Text-content-md5: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 105
+Content-length: 105
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 3
+1.0
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.124724Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+
+Revision-number: 3
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 9
+1.0.1-bad
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.151727Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0.1
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 2
+Node-copyfrom-path: tags/1.0
+
+
+Revision-number: 4
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 9
+Wrong tag
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.167427Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0.1
+Node-action: delete
+
+
+Revision-number: 5
+Prop-content-length: 113
+Content-length: 113
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 10
+1.0-branch
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.184498Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/1.0
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 4
+Node-copyfrom-path: tags/1.0
+
+
+Revision-number: 6
+Prop-content-length: 113
+Content-length: 113
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 10
+1.0.1-good
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 8
+john.doe
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-02-22T00:50:58.200695Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: tags/1.0.1
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 5
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/1.0
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9106-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
index fd185011b..636ca0abb 100755
--- a/t/t9106-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
+++ b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 	mkdir import &&
 	cd import &&
 	awk "BEGIN { for (i = 1; i < 64; i++) { print i } }" > file
-	svn import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "initial" . "$svnrepo" &&
 	cd .. &&
 	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
 	git svn fetch &&
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
 test_expect_success '(supposedly) non-conflicting change from SVN' '
 	test x"`sed -n -e 58p < file`" = x58 &&
 	test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x61 &&
-	svn co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
 	cd tmp &&
 		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^58$/5588/" file &&
 		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^61$/6611/" file &&
 		poke file &&
 		test x"`sed -n -e 58p < file`" = x5588 &&
 		test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x6611 &&
-		svn commit -m "58 => 5588, 61 => 6611" &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "58 => 5588, 61 => 6611" &&
 		cd ..
 	'
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ test_expect_success 'change file but in unrelated area' "
 	test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7777 &&
 	git commit -m '4 => 4444, 7 => 7777' file &&
 	git svn dcommit &&
-	svn up tmp &&
+	svn_cmd up tmp &&
 	cd tmp &&
 		test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4444 &&
 		test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7777 &&
diff --git a/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh b/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..83cc5fc9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9138-git-svn-authors-prog.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong, Mark Lodato
+#
+
+test_description='git svn authors prog tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+cat > svn-authors-prog <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+$_ = shift;
+if (s/-sub$//)  {
+	print "$_ <$_\@sub.example.com>\n";
+}
+else {
+	print "$_ <$_\@example.com>\n";
+}
+EOF
+chmod +x svn-authors-prog
+
+cat > svn-authors <<'EOF'
+ff = FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <fFf@other.example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	for i in aa bb cc-sub dd-sub ee-foo ff
+	do
+		svn mkdir -m $i --username $i "$svnrepo"/$i
+	done
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'import authors with prog and file' '
+	git svn clone --authors-prog=./svn-authors-prog \
+	    --authors-file=svn-authors "$svnrepo" x
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'imported 6 revisions successfully' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		test "`git rev-list refs/remotes/git-svn | wc -l`" -eq 6
+	)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-prog ran correctly' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~1 | \
+		  grep "^author ee-foo <ee-foo@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~2 | \
+		  grep "^author dd <dd@sub\.example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~3 | \
+		  grep "^author cc <cc@sub\.example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~4 | \
+		  grep "^author bb <bb@example\.com> " &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn~5 | \
+		  grep "^author aa <aa@example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-file overrode authors-prog' '
+	(
+		cd x
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn | \
+		  grep "^author FFFFFFF FFFFFFF <fFf@other\.example\.com> "
+	)
+	'
+
+git --git-dir=x/.git config --unset svn.authorsfile
+git --git-dir=x/.git config --unset svn.authorsprog
+
+test_expect_success 'authors-prog handled special characters in username' '
+	svn mkdir -m bad --username "xyz; touch evil" "$svnrepo"/bad &&
+	(
+		cd x &&
+		git svn --authors-prog=../svn-authors-prog fetch &&
+		git rev-list -1 --pretty=raw refs/remotes/git-svn |
+		grep "^author xyz; touch evil <xyz; touch evil@example\.com> " &&
+		! test -f evil
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh b/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f337959cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9139-git-svn-non-utf8-commitencoding.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+
+test_description='git svn refuses to dcommit non-UTF8 messages'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+# ISO-2022-JP can pass for valid UTF-8, so skipping that in this test
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H setup" '
+		mkdir $H &&
+		svn_cmd import -m "$H test" $H "$svnrepo"/$H &&
+		git svn clone "$svnrepo"/$H $H
+	'
+done
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H commit on git side" '
+	(
+		cd $H &&
+		git config i18n.commitencoding $H &&
+		git checkout -b t refs/remotes/git-svn &&
+		echo $H >F &&
+		git add F &&
+		git commit -a -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/$H.txt &&
+		E=$(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne "s/^encoding //p") &&
+		test "z$E" = "z$H"
+	)
+	'
+done
+
+for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP
+do
+	test_expect_success "$H dcommit to svn" '
+	(
+		cd $H &&
+		git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
+		! git svn dcommit
+	)
+	'
+done
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh b/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0735526d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9140-git-svn-reset.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Ben Jackson
+#
+
+test_description='git svn reset'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" s &&
+	(
+		cd s &&
+		mkdir vis &&
+		echo always visible > vis/vis.txt &&
+		svn_cmd add vis &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create visible files" &&
+		mkdir hid &&
+		echo initially hidden > hid/hid.txt &&
+		svn_cmd add hid &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "create initially hidden files" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo mod >> vis/vis.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "modify vis" &&
+		svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone SVN repository with hidden directory' '
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" g &&
+	( cd g && git svn fetch --ignore-paths="^hid" )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'modify hidden file in SVN repo' '
+	( cd s &&
+	  echo mod hidden >> hid/hid.txt &&
+	  svn_cmd commit -m "modify hid" &&
+	  svn_cmd up
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch fails on modified hidden file' '
+	( cd g &&
+	  git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect &&
+	  ! git svn fetch 2> ../errors &&
+	  git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect2 ) &&
+	fgrep "not found in commit" errors &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset unwinds back to r1' '
+	( cd g &&
+	  git svn reset -r1 &&
+	  git svn find-rev refs/remotes/git-svn > ../expect2 ) &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect expect2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refetch succeeds not ignoring any files' '
+	( cd g &&
+	  git svn fetch &&
+	  git svn rebase &&
+	  fgrep "mod hidden" hid/hid.txt
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9141-git-svn-multiple-branches.sh b/t/t9141-git-svn-multiple-branches.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3cd06718e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9141-git-svn-multiple-branches.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Marc Branchaud
+#
+
+test_description='git svn multiple branch and tag paths in the svn repo'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svnrepo' '
+	mkdir	project \
+		project/trunk \
+		project/b_one \
+		project/b_two \
+		project/tags_A \
+		project/tags_B &&
+	echo 1 > project/trunk/a.file &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "$test_description" project "$svnrepo/project" &&
+	rm -rf project &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 1" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				 "$svnrepo/project/b_one/first" &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 1" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+			      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/1.0" &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo/project" svn_project &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		echo 2 > trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 1" trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 2" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+					 "$svnrepo/project/b_one/second" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 2" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/2.0" &&
+		echo 3 > trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 2" trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 3" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+					 "$svnrepo/project/b_two/1" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 3" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/3.0" &&
+		echo 4 > trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 3" trunk/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Branch 4" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+					 "$svnrepo/project/b_two/2" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 4" "$svnrepo/project/trunk" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_A/4.0" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		echo 5 > b_one/first/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 4" b_one/first/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 5" "$svnrepo/project/b_one/first" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v5" &&
+		echo 6 > b_one/second/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 5" b_one/second/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 6" "$svnrepo/project/b_one/second" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v6" &&
+		echo 7 > b_two/1/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 6" b_two/1/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 7" "$svnrepo/project/b_two/1" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v7" &&
+		echo 8 > b_two/2/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd ci -m "Change 7" b_two/2/a.file &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m "Tag 8" "$svnrepo/project/b_two/2" \
+				      "$svnrepo/project/tags_B/v8"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone multiple branch and tag paths' '
+	git svn clone -T trunk \
+		      -b b_one/* --branches b_two/* \
+		      -t tags_A/* --tags tags_B \
+		      "$svnrepo/project" git_project &&
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/first &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/second &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/1 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/2 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/1.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/2.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/3.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/4.0 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v5 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v6 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v7 &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/v8
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Multiple branch or tag paths require -d' '
+	( cd git_project &&
+		test_must_fail git svn branch -m "No new branch" Nope &&
+		test_must_fail git svn tag -m "No new tag" Tagless &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/Nope &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/tags/Tagless
+	) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		test_must_fail test -d b_one/Nope &&
+		test_must_fail test -d b_two/Nope &&
+		test_must_fail test -d tags_A/Tagless &&
+		test_must_fail test -d tags_B/Tagless
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create new branches and tags' '
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn branch -m "New branch 1" -d b_one New1 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e b_one/New1/a.file ) &&
+
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn branch -m "New branch 2" -d b_two New2 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e b_two/New2/a.file ) &&
+
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn branch -t -m "New tag 1" -d tags_A Tag1 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e tags_A/Tag1/a.file ) &&
+
+	( cd git_project &&
+		git svn tag -m "New tag 2" -d tags_B Tag2 ) &&
+	( cd svn_project &&
+		svn_cmd up && test -e tags_B/Tag2/a.file )
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1236accd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9142-git-svn-shallow-clone.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+#
+
+test_description='git svn shallow clone'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "create standard layout" \
+	  "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches "$svnrepo"/tags &&
+	svn_cmd cp -m "branch off trunk" \
+	  "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/a &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/branches/a &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		> foo &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "add foo"
+	)
+'
+
+start_httpd
+
+test_expect_success 'clone trunk with "-r HEAD"' '
+	git svn clone -r HEAD "$svnrepo/trunk" g &&
+	( cd g && git rev-parse --symbolic --verify HEAD )
+'
+
+stop_httpd
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9143-git-svn-gc.sh b/t/t9143-git-svn-gc.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..99f69c6a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9143-git-svn-gc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Robert Allan Zeh
+
+test_description='git svn gc basic tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup directories and test repo' '
+	mkdir import &&
+	mkdir tmp &&
+	echo "Sample text for Subversion repository." > import/test.txt &&
+	svn_cmd import -m "import for git svn" import "$svnrepo" > /dev/null
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout working copy from svn' \
+	'svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" test_wc'
+
+test_expect_success 'set some properties to create an unhandled.log file' '
+	(
+		cd test_wc &&
+		svn_cmd propset foo bar test.txt &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "property set"
+	)'
+
+test_expect_success 'Setup repo' 'git svn init "$svnrepo"'
+
+test_expect_success 'Fetch repo' 'git svn fetch'
+
+test_expect_success 'make backup copy of unhandled.log' '
+	 cp .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/unhandled.log tmp
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'create leftover index' '> .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/index'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn gc runs' 'git svn gc'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn index removed' '! test -f .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/index'
+
+if perl -MCompress::Zlib -e 0 2>/dev/null
+then
+	test_expect_success 'git svn gc produces a valid gzip file' '
+		 gunzip .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/unhandled.log.gz
+		'
+else
+	say "Perl Compress::Zlib unavailable, skipping gunzip test"
+fi
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn gc does not change unhandled.log files' '
+	 test_cmp .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/unhandled.log tmp/unhandled.log
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9144-git-svn-old-rev_map.sh b/t/t9144-git-svn-old-rev_map.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7600a35cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9144-git-svn-old-rev_map.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+
+test_description='git svn old rev_map preservd'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository with old layout' '
+	mkdir i &&
+	(cd i && > a) &&
+	svn_cmd import -m- i "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	test -d .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/ &&
+	! test -e .git/svn/git-svn/ &&
+	mv .git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn .git/svn/ &&
+	rm -r .git/svn/refs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'old layout continues to work' '
+	svn_cmd import -m- i "$svnrepo/b" &&
+	git svn rebase &&
+	echo a >> b/a &&
+	git add b/a &&
+	git commit -m- -a &&
+	git svn dcommit &&
+	! test -d .git/svn/refs/ &&
+	test -e .git/svn/git-svn/
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9145-git-svn-master-branch.sh b/t/t9145-git-svn-master-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..16852d26a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9145-git-svn-master-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+#
+test_description='git svn initial master branch is "trunk" if possible'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup test repository' '
+	mkdir i &&
+	> i/a &&
+	svn_cmd import -m trunk i "$svnrepo/trunk" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m b/a i "$svnrepo/branches/a" &&
+	svn_cmd import -m b/b i "$svnrepo/branches/b"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn clone --stdlayout sets up trunk as master' '
+	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" g &&
+	(
+		cd g &&
+		test x`git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/trunk^0` = \
+		     x`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master^0`
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh b/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..565365cbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9146-git-svn-empty-dirs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Eric Wong
+
+test_description='git svn creates empty directories'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
+	for i in a b c d d/e d/e/f "weird file name"
+	do
+		svn_cmd mkdir -m "mkdir $i" "$svnrepo"/"$i"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone' 'git svn clone "$svnrepo" cloned'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directories exist' '
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		for i in a b c d d/e d/e/f "weird file name"
+		do
+			if ! test -d "$i"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				exit 1
+			fi
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'more emptiness' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "bang bang"  "$svnrepo"/"! !"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn rebase creates empty directory' '
+	( cd cloned && git svn rebase )
+	test -d cloned/"! !"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn mkdirs recreates empty directories' '
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		rm -r * &&
+		git svn mkdirs &&
+		for i in a b c d d/e d/e/f "weird file name" "! !"
+		do
+			if ! test -d "$i"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				exit 1
+			fi
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn mkdirs -r works' '
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		rm -r * &&
+		git svn mkdirs -r7 &&
+		for i in a b c d d/e d/e/f "weird file name"
+		do
+			if ! test -d "$i"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				exit 1
+			fi
+		done
+
+		if test -d "! !"
+		then
+			echo >&2 "$i should not exist"
+			exit 1
+		fi
+
+		git svn mkdirs -r8 &&
+		if ! test -d "! !"
+		then
+			echo >&2 "$i not exist"
+			exit 1
+		fi
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize trunk' '
+	for i in trunk trunk/a trunk/"weird file name"
+	do
+		svn_cmd mkdir -m "mkdir $i" "$svnrepo"/"$i"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone trunk' 'git svn clone -s "$svnrepo" trunk'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty directories in trunk exist' '
+	(
+		cd trunk &&
+		for i in a "weird file name"
+		do
+			if ! test -d "$i"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				exit 1
+			fi
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'remove a top-level directory from svn' '
+	svn_cmd rm -m "remove d" "$svnrepo"/d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'removed top-level directory does not exist' '
+	git svn clone "$svnrepo" removed &&
+	test ! -e removed/d
+
+'
+unhandled=.git/svn/refs/remotes/git-svn/unhandled.log
+test_expect_success 'git svn gc-ed files work' '
+	(
+		cd removed &&
+		git svn gc &&
+		: Compress::Zlib may not be available &&
+		if test -f "$unhandled".gz
+		then
+			svn_cmd mkdir -m gz "$svnrepo"/gz &&
+			git reset --hard $(git rev-list HEAD | tail -1) &&
+			git svn rebase &&
+			test -f "$unhandled".gz &&
+			test -f "$unhandled" &&
+			for i in a b c "weird file name" gz "! !"
+			do
+				if ! test -d "$i"
+				then
+					echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+					exit 1
+				fi
+			done
+		fi
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9150-svk-mergetickets.sh b/t/t9150-svk-mergetickets.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..53581425c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9150-svk-mergetickets.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007 Sam Vilain
+#
+
+test_description='git-svn svk merge tickets'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'load svk depot' "
+	svnadmin load -q '$rawsvnrepo' \
+	  < '$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9150/svk-merge.dump' &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R svkmerge \
+	  -T trunk -b branches '$svnrepo' &&
+	git svn fetch --all
+	"
+
+uuid=b48289b2-9c08-4d72-af37-0358a40b9c15
+
+test_expect_success 'svk merges were represented coming in' "
+	[ `git cat-file commit HEAD | grep parent | wc -l` -eq 2 ]
+	"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9150/make-svk-dump b/t/t9150/make-svk-dump
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2242f14eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9150/make-svk-dump
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# this script sets up a Subversion repository for Makefile in the
+# first ever git merge, as if it were done with svk.
+#
+
+set -e
+
+svk depotmap foo ~/.svk/foo
+svk co /foo/ foo
+cd foo
+mkdir trunk
+mkdir branches
+svk add trunk branches
+svk commit -m "Setup trunk and branches"
+cd trunk
+
+git cat-file blob 6683463e:Makefile > Makefile
+svk add Makefile 
+
+svk commit -m "ancestor"
+cd ..
+svk cp trunk branches/left
+
+svk commit -m "make left branch"
+cd branches/left/
+
+git cat-file blob 5873b67e:Makefile > Makefile
+svk commit -m "left update 1"
+
+cd ../../trunk
+git cat-file blob 75118b13:Makefile > Makefile
+svk commit -m "trunk update"
+
+cd ../branches/left
+git cat-file blob b5039db6:Makefile > Makefile
+svk commit -m "left update 2"
+
+cd ../../trunk
+svk sm /foo/branches/left
+# in theory we could delete the "left" branch here, but it's not
+# required so don't do it, in case people start getting ideas ;)
+svk commit -m "merge branch 'left' into 'trunk'"
+
+git cat-file blob b51ad431:Makefile > Makefile
+
+svk diff Makefile && echo "Hey!  No differences, magic"
+
+cd ../..
+
+svnadmin dump ~/.svk/foo > svk-merge.dump
+
+svk co -d foo
+rm -rf foo
+svk depotmap -d /foo/
+rm -rf ~/.svk/foo
+
diff --git a/t/t9150/svk-merge.dump b/t/t9150/svk-merge.dump
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..42f70dbec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9150/svk-merge.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: b48289b2-9c08-4d72-af37-0358a40b9c15
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:03.722969Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 123
+Content-length: 123
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 24
+Setup trunk and branches
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:04.927533Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 106
+Content-length: 106
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 8
+ancestor
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:05.835585Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 2401
+Text-content-md5: bfd8ff778d1492dc6758567373176a89
+Content-length: 2411
+
+PROPS-END
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 3
+Prop-content-length: 115
+Content-length: 115
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 16
+make left branch
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:06.719737Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 2
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+
+Revision-number: 4
+Prop-content-length: 112
+Content-length: 112
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 13
+left update 1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:07.167666Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2465
+Text-content-md5: 16e38d9753b061731650561ce01b1195
+Content-length: 2465
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 5
+Prop-content-length: 111
+Content-length: 111
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 12
+trunk update
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:07.619633Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2521
+Text-content-md5: 0668418a621333f4aa8b6632cd63e2a0
+Content-length: 2521
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base merge-cache
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-cache: merge-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-cache merge-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 6
+Prop-content-length: 112
+Content-length: 112
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 13
+left update 2
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:08.067554Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2593
+Text-content-md5: 5ccff689fb290e00b85fe18ee50c54ba
+Content-length: 2593
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 7
+Prop-content-length: 131
+Content-length: 131
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 32
+merge branch 'left' into 'trunk'
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-10-19T23:44:08.971801Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 83
+Content-length: 83
+
+K 9
+svk:merge
+V 53
+b48289b2-9c08-4d72-af37-0358a40b9c15:/branches/left:6
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2713
+Text-content-md5: 0afbe34f244cd662b1f97d708c687f90
+Content-length: 2713
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base merge-cache
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-cache: merge-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-cache merge-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9151-svn-mergeinfo.sh b/t/t9151-svn-mergeinfo.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..359eeaa73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9151-svn-mergeinfo.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007, 2009 Sam Vilain
+#
+
+test_description='git-svn svn mergeinfo properties'
+
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'load svn dump' "
+	svnadmin load -q '$rawsvnrepo' \
+	  < '$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9151/svn-mergeinfo.dump' &&
+	git svn init --minimize-url -R svnmerge \
+	  -T trunk -b branches '$svnrepo' &&
+	git svn fetch --all
+	"
+
+test_expect_success 'all svn merges became git merge commits' '
+	unmarked=$(git rev-list --parents --all --grep=Merge |
+		grep -v " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ")
+	[ -z "$unmarked" ]
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry picks did not become git merge commits' '
+	bad_cherries=$(git rev-list --parents --all --grep=Cherry |
+		grep " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ")
+	[ -z "$bad_cherries" ]
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'svn non-merge merge commits did not become git merge commits' '
+	bad_non_merges=$(git rev-list --parents --all --grep=non-merge |
+		grep " .* " | cut -f1 -d" ")
+	[ -z "$bad_non_merges" ]
+	'
+
+test_expect_success 'everything got merged in the end' '
+	unmerged=$(git rev-list --all --not master)
+	[ -z "$unmerged" ]
+	'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9151/.gitignore b/t/t9151/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..587c37dba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9151/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+foo
+foo.svn
diff --git a/t/t9151/make-svnmerge-dump b/t/t9151/make-svnmerge-dump
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d917717cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9151/make-svnmerge-dump
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# this script sets up a Subversion repository for Makefile in the
+# first ever git merge, as if it were done with svnmerge (SVN 1.5+)
+#
+
+rm -rf foo.svn foo
+set -e
+
+mkdir foo.svn
+svnadmin create foo.svn
+svn co file://`pwd`/foo.svn foo
+
+commit() {
+    i=$(( $1 + 1 ))
+    shift;
+    svn commit -m "(r$i) $*" >/dev/null || exit 1
+    echo $i
+}
+
+say() {
+    echo " * $*"
+}
+
+i=0
+cd foo
+mkdir trunk
+mkdir branches
+svn add trunk branches
+i=$(commit $i "Setup trunk and branches")
+
+git cat-file blob 6683463e:Makefile > trunk/Makefile
+svn add trunk/Makefile 
+
+say "Committing ANCESTOR"
+i=$(commit $i "ancestor")
+svn cp trunk branches/left
+
+say "Committing BRANCH POINT"
+i=$(commit $i "make left branch")
+svn cp trunk branches/right
+
+say "Committing other BRANCH POINT"
+i=$(commit $i "make right branch")
+
+say "Committing LEFT UPDATE"
+git cat-file blob 5873b67e:Makefile > branches/left/Makefile
+i=$(commit $i "left update 1")
+
+git cat-file blob 75118b13:Makefile > branches/right/Makefile
+say "Committing RIGHT UPDATE"
+pre_right_update_1=$i
+i=$(commit $i "right update 1")
+
+say "Making more commits on LEFT"
+git cat-file blob ff5ebe39:Makefile > branches/left/Makefile
+i=$(commit $i "left update 2")
+git cat-file blob b5039db6:Makefile > branches/left/Makefile
+i=$(commit $i "left update 3")
+
+say "Making a LEFT SUB-BRANCH"
+svn cp branches/left branches/left-sub
+sub_left_make=$i
+i=$(commit $i "make left sub-branch")
+
+say "Making a commit on LEFT SUB-BRANCH"
+echo "crunch" > branches/left-sub/README
+svn add branches/left-sub/README
+i=$(commit $i "left sub-branch update 1")
+
+say "Merging LEFT to TRUNK"
+svn update
+cd trunk
+svn merge ../branches/left --accept postpone
+git cat-file blob b5039db6:Makefile > Makefile
+svn resolved Makefile
+i=$(commit $i "Merge left to trunk 1")
+cd ..
+
+say "Making more commits on LEFT and RIGHT"
+echo "touche" > branches/left/zlonk
+svn add branches/left/zlonk
+i=$(commit $i "left update 4")
+echo "thwacke" > branches/right/bang
+svn add branches/right/bang
+i=$(commit $i "right update 2")
+
+say "Squash merge of RIGHT tip 2 commits onto TRUNK"
+svn update
+cd trunk
+svn merge -r$pre_right_update_1:$i ../branches/right
+i=$(commit $i "Cherry-pick right 2 commits to trunk")
+cd ..
+
+say "Merging RIGHT to TRUNK"
+svn update
+cd trunk
+svn merge ../branches/right --accept postpone
+git cat-file blob b51ad431:Makefile > Makefile
+svn resolved Makefile
+i=$(commit $i "Merge right to trunk 1")
+cd ..
+
+say "Making more commits on RIGHT and TRUNK"
+echo "whamm" > branches/right/urkkk
+svn add branches/right/urkkk
+i=$(commit $i "right update 3")
+echo "pow" > trunk/vronk
+svn add trunk/vronk
+i=$(commit $i "trunk update 1")
+
+say "Merging RIGHT to LEFT SUB-BRANCH"
+svn update
+cd branches/left-sub
+svn merge ../right --accept postpone
+git cat-file blob b51ad431:Makefile > Makefile
+svn resolved Makefile
+i=$(commit $i "Merge right to left sub-branch")
+cd ../..
+
+say "Making more commits on LEFT SUB-BRANCH and LEFT"
+echo "zowie" > branches/left-sub/wham_eth
+svn add branches/left-sub/wham_eth
+pre_sub_left_update_2=$i
+i=$(commit $i "left sub-branch update 2")
+sub_left_update_2=$i
+echo "eee_yow" > branches/left/glurpp
+svn add branches/left/glurpp
+i=$(commit $i "left update 5")
+
+say "Cherry pick LEFT SUB-BRANCH commit to LEFT"
+svn update
+cd branches/left
+svn merge -r$pre_sub_left_update_2:$sub_left_update_2 ../left-sub
+i=$(commit $i "Cherry-pick left sub-branch commit to left")
+cd ../..
+
+say "Merging LEFT SUB-BRANCH back to LEFT"
+svn update
+cd branches/left
+# it's only a merge because the previous merge cherry-picked the top commit
+svn merge -r$sub_left_make:$sub_left_update_2 ../left-sub --accept postpone
+i=$(commit $i "Merge left sub-branch to left")
+cd ../..
+
+say "Merging EVERYTHING to TRUNK"
+svn update
+cd trunk
+svn merge ../branches/left --accept postpone
+svn resolved bang
+i=$(commit $i "Merge left to trunk 2")
+# this merge, svn happily updates the mergeinfo, but there is actually
+# nothing to merge.  git-svn will not make a meaningless merge commit.
+svn merge ../branches/right --accept postpone
+i=$(commit $i "non-merge right to trunk 2")
+cd ..
+
+cd ..
+svnadmin dump foo.svn > svn-mergeinfo.dump
+
+rm -rf foo foo.svn
diff --git a/t/t9151/svn-mergeinfo.dump b/t/t9151/svn-mergeinfo.dump
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9543e31c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9151/svn-mergeinfo.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,1625 @@
+SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2
+
+UUID: 64142547-0943-4db2-836a-d1e1eb2f9924
+
+Revision-number: 0
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:51.232640Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Revision-number: 1
+Prop-content-length: 128
+Content-length: 128
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 29
+(r1) Setup trunk and branches
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:51.831965Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Content-length: 10
+
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 2
+Prop-content-length: 112
+Content-length: 112
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 13
+(r2) ancestor
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:52.300075Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 2401
+Text-content-md5: bfd8ff778d1492dc6758567373176a89
+Text-content-sha1: 103205ce331f7d64086dba497574734f78439590
+Content-length: 2411
+
+PROPS-END
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 3
+Prop-content-length: 120
+Content-length: 120
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 21
+(r3) make left branch
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:52.768800Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 2
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk/Makefile
+Text-copy-source-md5: bfd8ff778d1492dc6758567373176a89
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 103205ce331f7d64086dba497574734f78439590
+
+
+Revision-number: 4
+Prop-content-length: 121
+Content-length: 121
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 22
+(r4) make right branch
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:53.177879Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/right
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+
+Node-path: branches/right/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 2
+Node-copyfrom-path: trunk/Makefile
+Text-copy-source-md5: bfd8ff778d1492dc6758567373176a89
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 103205ce331f7d64086dba497574734f78439590
+
+
+Revision-number: 5
+Prop-content-length: 117
+Content-length: 117
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 18
+(r5) left update 1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:53.604691Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2465
+Text-content-md5: 16e38d9753b061731650561ce01b1195
+Text-content-sha1: 36da4b84ea9b64218ab48171dfc5c48ae025f38b
+Content-length: 2465
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 6
+Prop-content-length: 118
+Content-length: 118
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 19
+(r6) right update 1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:54.063555Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/right/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2521
+Text-content-md5: 0668418a621333f4aa8b6632cd63e2a0
+Text-content-sha1: 4f29afd038e52f45acb5ef8c41acfc70062a741a
+Content-length: 2521
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base merge-cache
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-cache: merge-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-cache merge-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 7
+Prop-content-length: 117
+Content-length: 117
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 18
+(r7) left update 2
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:54.523904Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2529
+Text-content-md5: f6b197cc3f2e89a83e545d4bb003de73
+Text-content-sha1: 2f656677cfec0bceec85e53036ffb63e25126f8e
+Content-length: 2529
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 8
+Prop-content-length: 117
+Content-length: 117
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 18
+(r8) left update 3
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:54.975970Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2593
+Text-content-md5: 5ccff689fb290e00b85fe18ee50c54ba
+Text-content-sha1: a13de8e23f1483efca3e57b2b64b0ae6f740ce10
+Content-length: 2593
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 9
+Prop-content-length: 124
+Content-length: 124
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 25
+(r9) make left sub-branch
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:55.459904Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 3
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: delete
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 8
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Text-copy-source-md5: 5ccff689fb290e00b85fe18ee50c54ba
+Text-copy-source-sha1: a13de8e23f1483efca3e57b2b64b0ae6f740ce10
+
+
+
+
+Revision-number: 10
+Prop-content-length: 129
+Content-length: 129
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 30
+(r10) left sub-branch update 1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:55.862113Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub/README
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 7
+Text-content-md5: fdbcfb6be9afe1121862143f226b51cf
+Text-content-sha1: 1d1f5ea4ceb584337ffe59b8980d92e3b78dfef4
+Content-length: 17
+
+PROPS-END
+crunch
+
+
+Revision-number: 11
+Prop-content-length: 126
+Content-length: 126
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 27
+(r11) Merge left to trunk 1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:56.413416Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 54
+Content-length: 54
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 19
+/branches/left:2-10
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2593
+Text-content-md5: 5ccff689fb290e00b85fe18ee50c54ba
+Text-content-sha1: a13de8e23f1483efca3e57b2b64b0ae6f740ce10
+Content-length: 2593
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Revision-number: 12
+Prop-content-length: 118
+Content-length: 118
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 19
+(r12) left update 4
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:56.831014Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left/zlonk
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 7
+Text-content-md5: 8b9d8c7c2aaa6167e7d3407a773bbbba
+Text-content-sha1: 9716527ebd70a75c27625cacbeb2d897c6e86178
+Content-length: 17
+
+PROPS-END
+touche
+
+
+Revision-number: 13
+Prop-content-length: 119
+Content-length: 119
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 20
+(r13) right update 2
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:57.341143Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/right/bang
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 8
+Text-content-md5: 34c28f1d2dc6a9adeccc4265bf7516cb
+Text-content-sha1: 0bc5bb345c0e71d28f784f12e0bd2d384c283062
+Content-length: 18
+
+PROPS-END
+thwacke
+
+
+Revision-number: 14
+Prop-content-length: 141
+Content-length: 141
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 42
+(r14) Cherry-pick right 2 commits to trunk
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:57.841851Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 75
+Content-length: 75
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 40
+/branches/left:2-10
+/branches/right:6-13
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2713
+Text-content-md5: 0afbe34f244cd662b1f97d708c687f90
+Text-content-sha1: 46d9377d783e67a9b581da110352e799517c8a14
+Content-length: 2713
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base merge-cache
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-cache: merge-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-cache merge-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/bang
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 13
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/right/bang
+Text-copy-source-md5: 34c28f1d2dc6a9adeccc4265bf7516cb
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 0bc5bb345c0e71d28f784f12e0bd2d384c283062
+
+
+Revision-number: 15
+Prop-content-length: 127
+Content-length: 127
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 28
+(r15) Merge right to trunk 1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:58.368520Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 75
+Content-length: 75
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 40
+/branches/left:2-10
+/branches/right:2-14
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Revision-number: 16
+Prop-content-length: 119
+Content-length: 119
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 20
+(r16) right update 3
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:58.779056Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/right/urkkk
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 6
+Text-content-md5: 5889c8392e16251b0c80927607a03036
+Text-content-sha1: 3934264d277a0cf886b6b1c7f2b9e56da2525302
+Content-length: 16
+
+PROPS-END
+whamm
+
+
+Revision-number: 17
+Prop-content-length: 119
+Content-length: 119
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 20
+(r17) trunk update 1
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:59.221851Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk/vronk
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 4
+Text-content-md5: b2f80fa02a7f1364b9c29d3da44bf9f9
+Text-content-sha1: e994d980c0f2d7a3f76138bf96d57f36f9633828
+Content-length: 14
+
+PROPS-END
+pow
+
+
+Revision-number: 18
+Prop-content-length: 135
+Content-length: 135
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 36
+(r18) Merge right to left sub-branch
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:17:59.781666Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 55
+Content-length: 55
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 20
+/branches/right:2-17
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2713
+Text-content-md5: 0afbe34f244cd662b1f97d708c687f90
+Text-content-sha1: 46d9377d783e67a9b581da110352e799517c8a14
+Content-length: 2713
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base merge-cache
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-cache: merge-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-cache merge-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub/bang
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 17
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/right/bang
+Text-copy-source-md5: 34c28f1d2dc6a9adeccc4265bf7516cb
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 0bc5bb345c0e71d28f784f12e0bd2d384c283062
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub/urkkk
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 17
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/right/urkkk
+Text-copy-source-md5: 5889c8392e16251b0c80927607a03036
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 3934264d277a0cf886b6b1c7f2b9e56da2525302
+
+
+Revision-number: 19
+Prop-content-length: 129
+Content-length: 129
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 30
+(r19) left sub-branch update 2
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:18:00.200531Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left-sub/wham_eth
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 6
+Text-content-md5: 757bcd5818572ef3f9580052617c1c8b
+Text-content-sha1: b165019b005c199237ba822c4404e771e93b654a
+Content-length: 16
+
+PROPS-END
+zowie
+
+
+Revision-number: 20
+Prop-content-length: 118
+Content-length: 118
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 19
+(r20) left update 5
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:18:00.659636Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left/glurpp
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Prop-content-length: 10
+Text-content-length: 8
+Text-content-md5: 14a169f628e0bb59df9c2160649d0a30
+Text-content-sha1: ef7d929e52177767ecfcd28941f6b7f04b4131e3
+Content-length: 18
+
+PROPS-END
+eee_yow
+
+
+Revision-number: 21
+Prop-content-length: 147
+Content-length: 147
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 48
+(r21) Cherry-pick left sub-branch commit to left
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:18:01.194402Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 56
+Content-length: 56
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 21
+/branches/left-sub:19
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left/wham_eth
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 19
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left-sub/wham_eth
+Text-copy-source-md5: 757bcd5818572ef3f9580052617c1c8b
+Text-copy-source-sha1: b165019b005c199237ba822c4404e771e93b654a
+
+
+Revision-number: 22
+Prop-content-length: 134
+Content-length: 134
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 35
+(r22) Merge left sub-branch to left
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:18:01.679218Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: branches/left
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 79
+Content-length: 79
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 44
+/branches/left-sub:4-19
+/branches/right:2-17
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left/Makefile
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: change
+Text-content-length: 2713
+Text-content-md5: 0afbe34f244cd662b1f97d708c687f90
+Text-content-sha1: 46d9377d783e67a9b581da110352e799517c8a14
+Content-length: 2713
+
+# -DCOLLISION_CHECK if you believe that SHA1's
+# 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542976 hashes do not give you
+# enough guarantees about no collisions between objects ever hapenning.
+#
+# -DNSEC if you want git to care about sub-second file mtimes and ctimes.
+# Note that you need some new glibc (at least >2.2.4) for this, and it will
+# BREAK YOUR LOCAL DIFFS! show-diff and anything using it will likely randomly
+# break unless your underlying filesystem supports those sub-second times
+# (my ext3 doesn't).
+CFLAGS=-g -O3 -Wall
+
+CC=gcc
+
+
+PROG=   update-cache show-diff init-db write-tree read-tree commit-tree \
+	cat-file fsck-cache checkout-cache diff-tree rev-tree show-files \
+	check-files ls-tree merge-base merge-cache
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+install: $(PROG)
+	install $(PROG) $(HOME)/bin/
+
+LIBS= -lssl -lz
+
+init-db: init-db.o
+
+update-cache: update-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o update-cache update-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-diff: show-diff.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-diff show-diff.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+write-tree: write-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o write-tree write-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-tree: read-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o read-tree read-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+commit-tree: commit-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o commit-tree commit-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+cat-file: cat-file.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o cat-file cat-file.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+fsck-cache: fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o fsck-cache fsck-cache.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+checkout-cache: checkout-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o checkout-cache checkout-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+diff-tree: diff-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o diff-tree diff-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+rev-tree: rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o rev-tree rev-tree.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+show-files: show-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o show-files show-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+check-files: check-files.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o check-files check-files.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+ls-tree: ls-tree.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ls-tree ls-tree.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-base: merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-base merge-base.o read-cache.o object.o commit.o tree.o blob.o $(LIBS)
+
+merge-cache: merge-cache.o read-cache.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o merge-cache merge-cache.o read-cache.o $(LIBS)
+
+read-cache.o: cache.h
+show-diff.o: cache.h
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(PROG)
+
+backup: clean
+	cd .. ; tar czvf dircache.tar.gz dir-cache
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left/README
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 18
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left-sub/README
+Text-copy-source-md5: fdbcfb6be9afe1121862143f226b51cf
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 1d1f5ea4ceb584337ffe59b8980d92e3b78dfef4
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left/bang
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 18
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left-sub/bang
+Text-copy-source-md5: 34c28f1d2dc6a9adeccc4265bf7516cb
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 0bc5bb345c0e71d28f784f12e0bd2d384c283062
+
+
+Node-path: branches/left/urkkk
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 18
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left-sub/urkkk
+Text-copy-source-md5: 5889c8392e16251b0c80927607a03036
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 3934264d277a0cf886b6b1c7f2b9e56da2525302
+
+
+Revision-number: 23
+Prop-content-length: 126
+Content-length: 126
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 27
+(r23) Merge left to trunk 2
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:18:02.212349Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 99
+Content-length: 99
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 64
+/branches/left:2-22
+/branches/left-sub:4-19
+/branches/right:2-17
+PROPS-END
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/README
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 22
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left/README
+Text-copy-source-md5: fdbcfb6be9afe1121862143f226b51cf
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 1d1f5ea4ceb584337ffe59b8980d92e3b78dfef4
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/glurpp
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 22
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left/glurpp
+Text-copy-source-md5: 14a169f628e0bb59df9c2160649d0a30
+Text-copy-source-sha1: ef7d929e52177767ecfcd28941f6b7f04b4131e3
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/urkkk
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 22
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left/urkkk
+Text-copy-source-md5: 5889c8392e16251b0c80927607a03036
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 3934264d277a0cf886b6b1c7f2b9e56da2525302
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/wham_eth
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 22
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left/wham_eth
+Text-copy-source-md5: 757bcd5818572ef3f9580052617c1c8b
+Text-copy-source-sha1: b165019b005c199237ba822c4404e771e93b654a
+
+
+Node-path: trunk/zlonk
+Node-kind: file
+Node-action: add
+Node-copyfrom-rev: 22
+Node-copyfrom-path: branches/left/zlonk
+Text-copy-source-md5: 8b9d8c7c2aaa6167e7d3407a773bbbba
+Text-copy-source-sha1: 9716527ebd70a75c27625cacbeb2d897c6e86178
+
+
+Revision-number: 24
+Prop-content-length: 131
+Content-length: 131
+
+K 7
+svn:log
+V 32
+(r24) non-merge right to trunk 2
+K 10
+svn:author
+V 4
+samv
+K 8
+svn:date
+V 27
+2009-12-19T16:18:02.672148Z
+PROPS-END
+
+Node-path: trunk
+Node-kind: dir
+Node-action: change
+Prop-content-length: 99
+Content-length: 99
+
+K 13
+svn:mergeinfo
+V 64
+/branches/left:2-22
+/branches/left-sub:4-19
+/branches/right:2-22
+PROPS-END
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9152-svn-empty-dirs-after-gc.sh b/t/t9152-svn-empty-dirs-after-gc.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..301e77970
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9152-svn-empty-dirs-after-gc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Robert Zeh
+
+test_description='git svn creates empty directories, calls git gc, makes sure they are still empty'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize repo' '
+	for i in a b c d d/e d/e/f "weird file name"
+	do
+		svn_cmd mkdir -m "mkdir $i" "$svnrepo"/"$i"
+	done
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone' 'git svn clone "$svnrepo" cloned'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn gc runs' '
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		git svn gc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git svn mkdirs recreates empty directories after git svn gc' '
+	(
+		cd cloned &&
+		rm -r * &&
+		git svn mkdirs &&
+		for i in a b c d d/e d/e/f "weird file name"
+		do
+			if ! test -d "$i"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "$i does not exist"
+				exit 1
+			fi
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
index 245a7c366..fc3795dc9 100755
--- a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
+++ b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
@@ -6,12 +6,16 @@ test_description='Test export of commits to CVS'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git cvsexportcommit tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git cvsexportcommit tests, cvs not found' :
+    say 'skipping git cvsexportcommit tests, cvs not found'
     test_done
-    exit
 fi
 
 CVSROOT=$(pwd)/cvsroot
@@ -225,11 +229,12 @@ test_expect_success \
       test_must_fail git cvsexportcommit -c $id
       )'
 
-case "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" in
-false)
-	;;
-*)
-test_expect_success \
+if ! test "$(git config --bool core.filemode)" = false
+then
+	test_set_prereq FILEMODE
+fi
+
+test_expect_success FILEMODE \
      'Retain execute bit' \
      'mkdir G &&
       echo executeon >G/on &&
@@ -243,8 +248,6 @@ test_expect_success \
       test -x G/on &&
       ! test -x G/off
       )'
-	;;
-esac
 
 test_expect_success '-w option should work with relative GIT_DIR' '
       mkdir W &&
@@ -285,6 +288,27 @@ test_expect_success 'check files before directories' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 're-commit a removed filename which remains in CVS attic' '
+
+    (cd "$CVSWORK" &&
+     echo >attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q add attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q ci -m "added attic_gremlin" &&
+     rm attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q rm attic_gremlin &&
+     cvs -Q ci -m "removed attic_gremlin") &&
+
+    echo > attic_gremlin &&
+    git add attic_gremlin &&
+    git commit -m "Added attic_gremlin" &&
+	git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c HEAD &&
+    (cd "$CVSWORK"; cvs -Q update -d) &&
+    test -f "$CVSWORK/attic_gremlin"
+'
+
+# the state of the CVS sandbox may be indeterminate for ' space'
+# after this test on some platforms / with some versions of CVS
+# consider adding new tests above this point
 test_expect_success 'commit a file with leading spaces in the name' '
 
 	echo space > " space" &&
@@ -292,7 +316,7 @@ test_expect_success 'commit a file with leading spaces in the name' '
 	git commit -m "Add a file with a leading space" &&
 	id=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	git cvsexportcommit -w "$CVSWORK" -c $id &&
-	check_entries "$CVSWORK" " space/1.1/|DS/1.1/|release-notes/1.2/" &&
+	check_entries "$CVSWORK" " space/1.1/|DS/1.1/|attic_gremlin/1.3/|release-notes/1.2/" &&
 	test_cmp "$CVSWORK/ space" " space"
 
 '
diff --git a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
index 91b5aced1..b49815d10 100755
--- a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
+++ b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
@@ -56,6 +56,12 @@ M 644 :2 file2
 M 644 :3 file3
 M 755 :4 file4
 
+tag series-A
+from :5
+data <<EOF
+An annotated tag without a tagger
+EOF
+
 INPUT_END
 test_expect_success \
     'A: create pack from stdin' \
@@ -102,6 +108,18 @@ test_expect_success \
 	'git cat-file blob master:file4 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
+object $(git rev-parse refs/heads/master)
+type commit
+tag series-A
+
+An annotated tag without a tagger
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'A: verify tag/series-A' '
+	git cat-file tag tags/series-A >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
 :2 `git rev-parse --verify master:file2`
 :3 `git rev-parse --verify master:file3`
 :4 `git rev-parse --verify master:file4`
@@ -1070,4 +1088,170 @@ INPUT_END
 test_expect_success 'P: fail on blob mark in gitlink' '
     test_must_fail git fast-import <input'
 
+###
+### series Q (notes)
+###
+
+note1_data="Note for the first commit"
+note2_data="Note for the second commit"
+note3_data="Note for the third commit"
+
+test_tick
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+blob
+mark :2
+data <<EOF
+$file2_data
+EOF
+
+commit refs/heads/notes-test
+mark :3
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+first (:3)
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 :2 file2
+
+blob
+mark :4
+data $file4_len
+$file4_data
+commit refs/heads/notes-test
+mark :5
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+second (:5)
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 :4 file4
+
+commit refs/heads/notes-test
+mark :6
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+third (:6)
+COMMIT
+
+M 644 inline file5
+data <<EOF
+$file5_data
+EOF
+
+M 755 inline file6
+data <<EOF
+$file6_data
+EOF
+
+blob
+mark :7
+data <<EOF
+$note1_data
+EOF
+
+blob
+mark :8
+data <<EOF
+$note2_data
+EOF
+
+commit refs/notes/foobar
+mark :9
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+notes (:9)
+COMMIT
+
+N :7 :3
+N :8 :5
+N inline :6
+data <<EOF
+$note3_data
+EOF
+
+INPUT_END
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: commit notes' \
+	'git fast-import <input &&
+	 git whatchanged notes-test'
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify pack' \
+	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+commit1=$(git rev-parse notes-test~2)
+commit2=$(git rev-parse notes-test^)
+commit3=$(git rev-parse notes-test)
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+first (:3)
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify first commit' \
+	'git cat-file commit notes-test~2 | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+parent $commit1
+author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+second (:5)
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify second commit' \
+	'git cat-file commit notes-test^ | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+parent $commit2
+author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+third (:6)
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify third commit' \
+	'git cat-file commit notes-test | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual'
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+notes (:9)
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify notes commit' \
+	'git cat-file commit refs/notes/foobar | sed 1d >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual'
+
+cat >expect.unsorted <<EOF
+100644 blob $commit1
+100644 blob $commit2
+100644 blob $commit3
+EOF
+cat expect.unsorted | sort >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify notes tree' \
+	'git cat-file -p refs/notes/foobar^{tree} | sed "s/ [0-9a-f]*	/ /" >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual'
+
+echo "$note1_data" >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify note for first commit' \
+	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar:$commit1 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
+
+echo "$note2_data" >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify note for second commit' \
+	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar:$commit2 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
+
+echo "$note3_data" >expect
+test_expect_success \
+	'Q: verify note for third commit' \
+	'git cat-file blob refs/notes/foobar:$commit3 >actual && test_cmp expect actual'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9301-fast-export.sh b/t/t9301-fast-export.sh
index 205743546..356964e53 100755
--- a/t/t9301-fast-export.sh
+++ b/t/t9301-fast-export.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ test_description='git fast-export'
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
+	echo break it > file0 &&
+	git add file0 &&
+	test_tick &&
 	echo Wohlauf > file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -57,15 +60,15 @@ test_expect_success 'fast-export master~2..master' '
 		(cd new &&
 		 git fast-import &&
 		 test $MASTER != $(git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/partial) &&
-		 git diff master..partial &&
-		 git diff master^..partial^ &&
+		 git diff --exit-code master partial &&
+		 git diff --exit-code master^ partial^ &&
 		 test_must_fail git rev-parse partial~2)
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'iso-8859-1' '
 
-	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
+	git config i18n.commitencoding ISO8859-1 &&
 	# use author and committer name in ISO-8859-1 to match it.
 	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -185,8 +188,8 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule fast-export | fast-import' '
 
 '
 
-export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='A U Thor'
-export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mitter'
+GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='A U Thor'; export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
+GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mitter'; export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
 
 test_expect_success 'setup copies' '
 
@@ -239,4 +242,133 @@ test_expect_success 'fast-export | fast-import when master is tagged' '
 
 '
 
+cat > tag-content << EOF
+object $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+type commit
+tag rosten
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'cope with tagger-less tags' '
+
+	TAG=$(git hash-object -t tag -w tag-content) &&
+	git update-ref refs/tags/sonnenschein $TAG &&
+	git fast-export -C -C --signed-tags=strip --all > output &&
+	test $(grep -c "^tag " output) = 4 &&
+	! grep "Unspecified Tagger" output &&
+	git fast-export -C -C --signed-tags=strip --all \
+		--fake-missing-tagger > output &&
+	test $(grep -c "^tag " output) = 4 &&
+	grep "Unspecified Tagger" output
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for limiting exports by PATH' '
+	mkdir limit-by-paths &&
+	cd limit-by-paths &&
+	git init &&
+	echo hi > there &&
+	git add there &&
+	git commit -m "First file" &&
+	echo foo > bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git commit -m "Second file" &&
+	git tag -a -m msg mytag &&
+	echo morefoo >> bar &&
+	git add bar &&
+	git commit -m "Change to second file" &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+cat > limit-by-paths/expected << EOF
+blob
+mark :1
+data 3
+hi
+
+reset refs/tags/mytag
+commit refs/tags/mytag
+mark :2
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1112912713 -0700
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912713 -0700
+data 11
+First file
+M 100644 :1 there
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'dropping tag of filtered out object' '
+	cd limit-by-paths &&
+	git fast-export --tag-of-filtered-object=drop mytag -- there > output &&
+	test_cmp output expected &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+cat >> limit-by-paths/expected << EOF
+tag mytag
+from :2
+tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912713 -0700
+data 4
+msg
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rewriting tag of filtered out object' '
+	cd limit-by-paths &&
+	git fast-export --tag-of-filtered-object=rewrite mytag -- there > output &&
+	test_cmp output expected &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+cat > limit-by-paths/expected << EOF
+blob
+mark :1
+data 4
+foo
+
+blob
+mark :2
+data 3
+hi
+
+reset refs/heads/master
+commit refs/heads/master
+mark :3
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1112912713 -0700
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912713 -0700
+data 12
+Second file
+M 100644 :1 bar
+M 100644 :2 there
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_failure 'no exact-ref revisions included' '
+	cd limit-by-paths &&
+	git fast-export master~2..master~1 > output &&
+	test_cmp output expected &&
+	cd ..
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'set-up a few more tags for tag export tests' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	HEAD_TREE=`git show -s --pretty=raw HEAD | grep tree | sed "s/tree //"` &&
+	git tag    tree_tag        -m "tagging a tree" $HEAD_TREE &&
+	git tag -a tree_tag-obj    -m "tagging a tree" $HEAD_TREE &&
+	git tag    tag-obj_tag     -m "tagging a tag" tree_tag-obj &&
+	git tag -a tag-obj_tag-obj -m "tagging a tag" tree_tag-obj
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tree_tag'        '
+	mkdir result &&
+	(cd result && git init) &&
+	git fast-export tree_tag > fe-stream &&
+	(cd result && git fast-import < ../fe-stream)
+'
+
+# NEEDSWORK: not just check return status, but validate the output
+test_expect_success 'tree_tag-obj'    'git fast-export tree_tag-obj'
+test_expect_success 'tag-obj_tag'     'git fast-export tag-obj_tag'
+test_expect_success 'tag-obj_tag-obj' 'git fast-export tag-obj_tag-obj'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
index 6a37f71d1..c2ec3cb4b 100755
--- a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
+++ b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
@@ -10,17 +10,19 @@ cvs CLI client via git-cvsserver server'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git cvsserver tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
 cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found' :
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found'
     test_done
-    exit
 fi
-perl -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable' :
+"$PERL_PATH" -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable'
     test_done
-    exit
 }
 
 unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
   git add secondrootfile &&
   git commit -m "second root") &&
   git pull secondroot master &&
-  git clone -q --local --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+  git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
   GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log"
 '
@@ -267,7 +269,7 @@ test_expect_success 'gitcvs.ext.dbname' \
 
 rm -fr "$SERVERDIR"
 cd "$WORKDIR" &&
-git clone -q --local --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
 GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log" ||
 exit 1
diff --git a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
index e27a1c5f8..40637d678 100755
--- a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
@@ -49,14 +49,17 @@ not_present() {
 cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found' :
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found'
     test_done
-    exit
 fi
-perl -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
-    test_expect_success 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable' :
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL
+then
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, perl not available'
+    test_done
+fi
+"$PERL_PATH" -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+    say 'skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable'
     test_done
-    exit
 }
 
 unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
     echo "subdir/file.h crlf" >> .gitattributes &&
     git add .gitattributes textfile.c binfile.bin mixedUp.c subdir/* &&
     git commit -q -m "First Commit" &&
-    git clone -q --local --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
     GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
     GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log"
 '
diff --git a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
index 64c4cce58..2fc7fdb12 100755
--- a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
+++ b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
@@ -9,75 +9,8 @@ This test runs gitweb (git web interface) as CGI script from
 commandline, and checks that it would not write any errors
 or warnings to log.'
 
-gitweb_init () {
-	safe_pwd="$(perl -MPOSIX=getcwd -e 'print quotemeta(getcwd)')"
-	cat >gitweb_config.perl <<EOF
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-
-# gitweb configuration for tests
-
-our \$version = "current";
-our \$GIT = "git";
-our \$projectroot = "$safe_pwd";
-our \$project_maxdepth = 8;
-our \$home_link_str = "projects";
-our \$site_name = "[localhost]";
-our \$site_header = "";
-our \$site_footer = "";
-our \$home_text = "indextext.html";
-our @stylesheets = ("file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/gitweb.css");
-our \$logo = "file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/git-logo.png";
-our \$favicon = "file:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/git-favicon.png";
-our \$projects_list = "";
-our \$export_ok = "";
-our \$strict_export = "";
 
-EOF
-
-	cat >.git/description <<EOF
-$0 test repository
-EOF
-}
-
-gitweb_run () {
-	GATEWAY_INTERFACE="CGI/1.1"
-	HTTP_ACCEPT="*/*"
-	REQUEST_METHOD="GET"
-	QUERY_STRING=""$1""
-	PATH_INFO=""$2""
-	export GATEWAY_INTERFACE HTTP_ACCEPT REQUEST_METHOD QUERY_STRING PATH_INFO
-
-	GITWEB_CONFIG=$(pwd)/gitweb_config.perl
-	export GITWEB_CONFIG
-
-	# some of git commands write to STDERR on error, but this is not
-	# written to web server logs, so we are not interested in that:
-	# we are interested only in properly formatted errors/warnings
-	rm -f gitweb.log &&
-	perl -- "$TEST_DIRECTORY/../gitweb/gitweb.perl" \
-		>/dev/null 2>gitweb.log &&
-	if grep "^[[]" gitweb.log >/dev/null 2>&1; then false; else true; fi
-
-	# gitweb.log is left for debugging
-}
-
-safe_chmod () {
-	chmod "$1" "$2" &&
-	if [ "$(git config --get core.filemode)" = false ]
-	then
-		git update-index --chmod="$1" "$2"
-	fi
-}
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-perl -MEncode -e 'decode_utf8("", Encode::FB_CROAK)' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
-    test_expect_success 'skipping gitweb tests, perl version is too old' :
-    test_done
-    exit
-}
-
-gitweb_init
+. ./gitweb-lib.sh
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # no commits (empty, just initialized repository)
@@ -240,7 +173,7 @@ test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): mode change' \
-	'safe_chmod +x new_file &&
+	'test_chmod +x new_file &&
 	 git commit -a -m "Mode changed." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
@@ -252,7 +185,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
-test_expect_success \
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
 	'commitdiff(0): file to symlink' \
 	'rm renamed_file &&
 	 ln -s file renamed_file &&
@@ -279,7 +212,7 @@ test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): mode change and modified' \
 	'echo "New line" >> file2 &&
-	 safe_chmod +x file2 &&
+	 test_chmod +x file2 &&
 	 git commit -a -m "Mode change and modification." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
@@ -306,7 +239,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	'commitdiff(0): renamed, mode change and modified' \
 	'git mv file3 file2 &&
 	 echo "Propter nomen suum." >> file2 &&
-	 safe_chmod +x file2 &&
+	 test_chmod +x file2 &&
 	 git commit -a -m "File rename, mode change and modification." &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff"'
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
@@ -314,7 +247,7 @@ test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # commitdiff testing (taken from t4114-apply-typechange.sh)
 
-test_expect_success 'setup typechange commits' '
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup typechange commits' '
 	echo "hello world" > foo &&
 	echo "hi planet" > bar &&
 	git update-index --add foo bar &&
@@ -423,10 +356,15 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 git add 03-new &&
 	 git mv 04-rename-from 04-rename-to &&
 	 echo "Changed" >> 04-rename-to &&
-	 safe_chmod +x 05-mode-change &&
-	 rm -f 06-file-or-symlink && ln -s 01-change 06-file-or-symlink &&
+	 test_chmod +x 05-mode-change &&
+	 rm -f 06-file-or-symlink &&
+	 if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
+		ln -s 01-change 06-file-or-symlink
+	 else
+		printf %s 01-change > 06-file-or-symlink
+	 fi &&
 	 echo "Changed and have mode changed" > 07-change-mode-change	&&
-	 safe_chmod +x 07-change-mode-change &&
+	 test_chmod +x 07-change-mode-change &&
 	 git commit -a -m "Large commit" &&
 	 git checkout master'
 
@@ -587,7 +525,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 	 echo "ISO-8859-1" >> file &&
 	 git add file &&
 	 git config i18n.commitencoding ISO-8859-1 &&
-	 git commit -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/ISO-8859-1.txt &&
+	 git commit -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/ISO8859-1.txt &&
 	 git config --unset i18n.commitencoding &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commit"'
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
@@ -657,20 +595,48 @@ cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<EOF
 
 \$feature{'blame'}{'override'} = 1;
 \$feature{'snapshot'}{'override'} = 1;
+\$feature{'avatar'}{'override'} = 1;
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success \
+	'config override: tree view, features not overridden in repo config' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+test_expect_success \
 	'config override: tree view, features disabled in repo config' \
 	'git config gitweb.blame no &&
 	 git config gitweb.snapshot none &&
+	 git config gitweb.avatar gravatar &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
 test_expect_success \
-	'config override: tree view, features enabled in repo config' \
+	'config override: tree view, features enabled in repo config (1)' \
 	'git config gitweb.blame yes &&
 	 git config gitweb.snapshot "zip,tgz, tbz2" &&
 	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
 
+cat >.git/config <<\EOF
+# testing noval and alternate separator
+[gitweb]
+	blame
+	snapshot = zip tgz
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+	'config override: tree view, features enabled in repo config (2)' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# non-ASCII in README.html
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'README.html with non-ASCII characters (utf-8)' \
+	'echo "<b>UTF-8 example:</b><br />" > .git/README.html &&
+	 cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/1-UTF-8.txt >> .git/README.html &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.log'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0688a57e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Mark Rada
+#
+
+test_description='gitweb as standalone script (http status tests).
+
+This test runs gitweb (git web interface) as a CGI script from the
+commandline, and checks that it returns the expected HTTP status
+code and message.'
+
+
+. ./gitweb-lib.sh
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# snapshot settings
+
+test_commit \
+	'SnapshotTests' \
+	'i can has snapshot?'
+
+cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<\EOF
+$feature{'snapshot'}{'override'} = 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'snapshots: tgz only default format enabled' \
+    'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz" &&
+    grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output &&
+    gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tbz2" &&
+    grep "403 - Unsupported snapshot format" gitweb.output &&
+    gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=txz" &&
+    grep "403 - Snapshot format not allowed" gitweb.output &&
+    gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=zip" &&
+    grep "403 - Unsupported snapshot format" gitweb.output'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+
+cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<\EOF
+$feature{'snapshot'}{'default'} = ['tgz','tbz2','txz','zip'];
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'snapshots: all enabled in default, use default disabled value' \
+    'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz" &&
+    grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output &&
+    gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tbz2" &&
+    grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output &&
+    gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=txz" &&
+    grep "403 - Snapshot format not allowed" gitweb.output &&
+    gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=zip" &&
+    grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+
+cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<\EOF
+$known_snapshot_formats{'zip'}{'disabled'} = 1;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'snapshots: zip explicitly disabled' \
+    'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=zip" &&
+    grep "403 - Snapshot format not allowed" gitweb.output'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+
+cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<\EOF
+$known_snapshot_formats{'tgz'}{'disabled'} = 0;
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'snapshots: tgz explicitly enabled' \
+    'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz" &&
+    grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# snapshot hash ids
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshots: good tree-ish id' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=master;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshots: bad tree-ish id' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=frizzumFrazzum;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "404 - Object does not exist" gitweb.output
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshots: bad tree-ish id (tagged object)' '
+	echo object > tag-object &&
+	git add tag-object &&
+	git commit -m "Object to be tagged" &&
+	git tag tagged-object `git hash-object tag-object` &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=tagged-object;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "400 - Object is not a tree-ish" gitweb.output
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshots: good object id' '
+	ID=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD` &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=$ID;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.output
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshots: bad object id' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=abcdef01234;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "404 - Object does not exist" gitweb.output
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9502-gitweb-standalone-parse-output.sh b/t/t9502-gitweb-standalone-parse-output.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dd8389000
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9502-gitweb-standalone-parse-output.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2009 Mark Rada
+#
+
+test_description='gitweb as standalone script (parsing script output).
+
+This test runs gitweb (git web interface) as a CGI script from the
+commandline, and checks that it produces the correct output, either
+in the HTTP header or the actual script output.'
+
+
+. ./gitweb-lib.sh
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# snapshot file name and prefix
+
+cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<\EOF
+
+$known_snapshot_formats{'tar'} = {
+	'display' => 'tar',
+	'type' => 'application/x-tar',
+	'suffix' => '.tar',
+	'format' => 'tar',
+};
+
+$feature{'snapshot'}{'default'} = ['tar'];
+EOF
+
+# Call check_snapshot with the arguments "<basename> [<prefix>]"
+#
+# This will check that gitweb HTTP header contains proposed filename
+# as <basename> with '.tar' suffix added, and that generated tarfile
+# (gitweb message body) has <prefix> as prefix for al files in tarfile
+#
+# <prefix> default to <basename>
+check_snapshot () {
+	basename=$1
+	prefix=${2:-"$1"}
+	echo "basename=$basename"
+	grep "filename=.*$basename.tar" gitweb.headers >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	"$TAR" tf gitweb.body >file_list &&
+	! grep -v "^$prefix/" file_list
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit first foo &&
+	git branch xx/test &&
+	FULL_ID=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
+	SHORT_ID=$(git rev-parse --verify --short=7 HEAD)
+'
+test_debug '
+	echo "FULL_ID  = $FULL_ID"
+	echo "SHORT_ID = $SHORT_ID"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: full sha1' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=$FULL_ID;sf=tar" &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-$SHORT_ID"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: shortened sha1' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=$SHORT_ID;sf=tar" &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-$SHORT_ID"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: almost full sha1' '
+	ID=$(git rev-parse --short=30 HEAD) &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=$ID;sf=tar" &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-$SHORT_ID"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: HEAD' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tar" &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-HEAD-$SHORT_ID"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: short branch name (master)' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=master;sf=tar" &&
+	ID=$(git rev-parse --verify --short=7 master) &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-master-$ID"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: short tag name (first)' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=first;sf=tar" &&
+	ID=$(git rev-parse --verify --short=7 first) &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-first-$ID"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: full branch name (refs/heads/master)' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=refs/heads/master;sf=tar" &&
+	ID=$(git rev-parse --verify --short=7 master) &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-master-$ID"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: full tag name (refs/tags/first)' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=refs/tags/first;sf=tar" &&
+	check_snapshot ".git-first"
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers && cat file_list'
+
+test_expect_success 'snapshot: hierarchical branch name (xx/test)' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=xx/test;sf=tar" &&
+	! grep "filename=.*/" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
index d2379e7f6..363345fae 100755
--- a/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
+++ b/t/t9600-cvsimport.sh
@@ -1,44 +1,22 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 test_description='git cvsimport basic tests'
-. ./test-lib.sh
+. ./lib-cvs.sh
 
-CVSROOT=$(pwd)/cvsroot
-export CVSROOT
-unset CVS_SERVER
-# for clean cvsps cache
-HOME=$(pwd)
-export HOME
-
-if ! type cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
-then
-	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, cvs not found'
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping git cvsimport tests, perl not available'
 	test_done
-	exit
 fi
 
-cvsps_version=`cvsps -h 2>&1 | sed -ne 's/cvsps version //p'`
-case "$cvsps_version" in
-2.1 | 2.2*)
-	;;
-'')
-	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, cvsps not found'
-	test_done
-	exit
-	;;
-*)
-	say 'skipping cvsimport tests, unsupported cvsps version'
-	test_done
-	exit
-	;;
-esac
+CVSROOT=$(pwd)/cvsroot
+export CVSROOT
 
-test_expect_success 'setup cvsroot' 'cvs init'
+test_expect_success 'setup cvsroot' '$CVS init'
 
 test_expect_success 'setup a cvs module' '
 
 	mkdir "$CVSROOT/module" &&
-	cvs co -d module-cvs module &&
+	$CVS co -d module-cvs module &&
 	cd module-cvs &&
 	cat <<EOF >o_fortuna &&
 O Fortuna
@@ -57,13 +35,13 @@ egestatem,
 potestatem
 dissolvit ut glaciem.
 EOF
-	cvs add o_fortuna &&
+	$CVS add o_fortuna &&
 	cat <<EOF >message &&
 add "O Fortuna" lyrics
 
 These public domain lyrics make an excellent sample text.
 EOF
-	cvs commit -F message &&
+	$CVS commit -F message &&
 	cd ..
 '
 
@@ -101,7 +79,7 @@ translate to English
 
 My Latin is terrible.
 EOF
-	cvs commit -F message &&
+	$CVS commit -F message &&
 	cd ..
 '
 
@@ -119,8 +97,8 @@ test_expect_success 'update cvs module' '
 
 	cd module-cvs &&
 		echo 1 >tick &&
-		cvs add tick &&
-		cvs commit -m 1
+		$CVS add tick &&
+		$CVS commit -m 1
 	cd ..
 
 '
@@ -138,7 +116,7 @@ test_expect_success 'cvsimport.module config works' '
 
 test_expect_success 'import from a CVS working tree' '
 
-	cvs co -d import-from-wt module &&
+	$CVS co -d import-from-wt module &&
 	cd import-from-wt &&
 		git cvsimport -a -z0 &&
 		echo 1 >expect &&
@@ -148,4 +126,6 @@ test_expect_success 'import from a CVS working tree' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'test entire HEAD' 'test_cmp_branch_tree master'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9601-cvsimport-vendor-branch.sh b/t/t9601-cvsimport-vendor-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3afaf5652
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601-cvsimport-vendor-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Description of the files in the repository:
+#
+#    imported-once.txt:
+#
+#       Imported once.  1.1 and 1.1.1.1 should be identical.
+#
+#    imported-twice.txt:
+#
+#       Imported twice.  HEAD should reflect the contents of the
+#       second import (i.e., have the same contents as 1.1.1.2).
+#
+#    imported-modified.txt:
+#
+#       Imported, then modified on HEAD.  HEAD should reflect the
+#       modification.
+#
+#    imported-modified-imported.txt:
+#
+#       Imported, then modified on HEAD, then imported again.
+#
+#    added-imported.txt,v:
+#
+#       Added with 'cvs add' to create 1.1, then imported with
+#       completely different contents to create 1.1.1.1, therefore the
+#       vendor branch was never the default branch.
+#
+#    imported-anonymously.txt:
+#
+#       Like imported-twice.txt, but with a vendor branch whose branch
+#       tag has been removed.
+
+test_description='git cvsimport handling of vendor branches'
+. ./lib-cvs.sh
+
+CVSROOT="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9601/cvsroot
+export CVSROOT
+
+test_expect_success 'import a module with a vendor branch' '
+
+	git cvsimport -C module-git module
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check HEAD out of cvs repository' 'test_cvs_co master'
+
+test_expect_success 'check master out of git repository' 'test_git_co master'
+
+test_expect_success 'check a file that was imported once' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_file master imported-once.txt
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'check a file that was imported twice' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_file master imported-twice.txt
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check a file that was imported then modified on HEAD' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_file master imported-modified.txt
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check a file that was imported, modified, then imported again' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_file master imported-modified-imported.txt
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check a file that was added to HEAD then imported' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_file master added-imported.txt
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'a vendor branch whose tag has been removed' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_file master imported-anonymously.txt
+
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/.gitattributes b/t/t9601/cvsroot/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..562b12e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* -whitespace
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore b/t/t9601/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3bb9b3417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+history
+val-tags
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/added-imported.txt,v b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/added-imported.txt,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f83072ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/added-imported.txt,v
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+head	1.1;
+access;
+symbols
+	vtag-4:1.1.1.1
+	vbranchA:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.15;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.16;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Add a file to the working copy.
+@
+text
+@Adding this file, before importing it with different contents.
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-4).
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+This is vtag-4 (on vbranchA) of added-then-imported.txt.
+@
+
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-anonymously.txt,v b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-anonymously.txt,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..55e1b0ca5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-anonymously.txt,v
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+head	1.1;
+branch	1.1.1;
+access;
+symbols
+	vtag-1:1.1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@This is vtag-1 (on vbranchA) of imported-anonymously.txt.
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-1).
+@
+text
+@@
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-modified-imported.txt,v b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-modified-imported.txt,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e5830aeb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-modified-imported.txt,v
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+head	1.2;
+access;
+symbols
+	vtag-2:1.1.1.2
+	vtag-1:1.1.1.1
+	vbranchA:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.2
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.14;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1.1.2;
+
+1.1.1.2
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@First regular commit, to imported-modified-imported.txt, on HEAD.
+@
+text
+@This is a modification of imported-modified-imported.txt on HEAD.
+It should supersede the version from the vendor branch.
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d1 2
+a2 1
+This is vtag-1 (on vbranchA) of imported-modified-imported.txt.
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-1).
+@
+text
+@@
+
+
+1.1.1.2
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-2).
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+This is vtag-2 (on vbranchA) of imported-modified-imported.txt.
+@
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-modified.txt,v b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-modified.txt,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bbcfe447b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-modified.txt,v
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+head	1.2;
+access;
+symbols
+	vtag-1:1.1.1.1
+	vbranchA:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.2
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.14;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Commit on HEAD.
+@
+text
+@This is a modification of imported-modified.txt on HEAD.
+It should supersede the version from the vendor branch.
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d1 2
+a2 1
+This is vtag-1 (on vbranchA) of imported-modified.txt.
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-1).
+@
+text
+@@
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-once.txt,v b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-once.txt,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c5dd82b12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-once.txt,v
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+head	1.1;
+branch	1.1.1;
+access;
+symbols
+	vtag-1:1.1.1.1
+	vbranchA:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@This is vtag-1 (on vbranchA) of imported-once.txt.
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-1).
+@
+text
+@@
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-twice.txt,v b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-twice.txt,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d1f3f1b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9601/cvsroot/module/imported-twice.txt,v
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+head	1.1;
+branch	1.1.1;
+access;
+symbols
+	vtag-2:1.1.1.2
+	vtag-1:1.1.1.1
+	vbranchA:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1.1.2;
+
+1.1.1.2
+date	2004.02.09.15.43.13;	author kfogel;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@This is vtag-1 (on vbranchA) of imported-twice.txt.
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-1).
+@
+text
+@@
+
+
+1.1.1.2
+log
+@Import (vbranchA, vtag-2).
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+This is vtag-2 (on vbranchA) of imported-twice.txt.
+@
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9602-cvsimport-branches-tags.sh b/t/t9602-cvsimport-branches-tags.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..67878b2d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602-cvsimport-branches-tags.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# A description of the repository used for this test can be found in
+# t9602/README.
+
+test_description='git cvsimport handling of branches and tags'
+. ./lib-cvs.sh
+
+CVSROOT="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9602/cvsroot
+export CVSROOT
+
+test_expect_success 'import module' '
+
+	git cvsimport -C module-git module
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test branch master' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree master
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test branch vendorbranch' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree vendorbranch
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'test branch B_FROM_INITIALS' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree B_FROM_INITIALS
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'test branch B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'test branch B_MIXED' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree B_MIXED
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test branch B_SPLIT' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree B_SPLIT
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'test tag vendortag' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree vendortag
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test tag T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'test tag T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'test tag T_MIXED' '
+
+	test_cmp_branch_tree T_MIXED
+
+'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9602/README b/t/t9602/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c231e0f26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/README
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+This repository is for testing the ability to group revisions
+correctly along tags and branches.  Here is its history:
+
+  1.  The initial import (revision 1.1 of everybody) created a
+      directory structure with a file named `default' in each dir:
+
+            ./
+              default
+              sub1/default
+                   subsubA/default
+                   subsubB/default
+              sub2/default
+                   subsubA/default
+              sub3/default
+
+  2.  Then tagged everyone with T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES.
+
+  3.  Then tagged everyone except sub1/subsubB/default with
+      T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE.
+
+  4.  Then created branch B_FROM_INITIALS on everyone.
+
+  5.  Then created branch B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE on everyone except
+      /sub1/subsubB/default.
+
+  6.  Then committed modifications to two files: sub3/default, and
+      sub1/subsubA/default.
+
+  7.  Then committed a modification to all 7 files.
+
+  8.  Then backdated sub3/default to revision 1.2, and
+      sub2/subsubA/default to revision 1.1, and tagged with T_MIXED.
+
+  9.  Same as 8, but tagged with -b to create branch B_MIXED.
+
+  10. Switched the working copy to B_MIXED, and added
+      sub2/branch_B_MIXED_only.  (That's why the RCS file is in
+      sub2/Attic/ -- it never existed on trunk.)
+
+  11. In one commit, modified default, sub1/default, and
+      sub2/subsubA/default, on branch B_MIXED.
+
+  12. Did "cvs up -A" on sub2/default, then in one commit, made a
+      change to sub2/default and sub2/branch_B_MIXED_only.  So this
+      commit should be spread between the branch and the trunk.
+
+  13. Do "cvs up -A" to get everyone back to trunk, then make a new
+      branch B_SPLIT on everyone except sub1/subsubB/default,v.
+
+  14. Switch to branch B_SPLIT (see sub1/subsubB/default disappear)
+      and commit a change that affects everyone except sub3/default.
+
+  15. An hour or so later, "cvs up -A" to get sub1/subsubB/default
+      back, then commit a change on that file, on trunk.  (It's
+      important that this change happened after the previous commits
+      on B_SPLIT.)
+
+  16. Branch sub1/subsubB/default to B_SPLIT, then "cvs up -r B_SPLIT"
+      to switch the whole working copy to the branch.
+
+  17. Commit a change on B_SPLIT, to sub1/subsubB/default and
+      sub3/default.
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/.gitattributes b/t/t9602/cvsroot/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..562b12e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* -whitespace
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore b/t/t9602/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3bb9b3417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+history
+val-tags
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/default,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/default,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3b68382a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/default,v
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+head	1.2;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_SPLIT:1.2.0.4
+	B_MIXED:1.2.0.2
+	T_MIXED:1.2
+	B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1.0.4
+	B_FROM_INITIALS:1.1.1.1.0.2
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES:1.1.1.1
+	vendortag:1.1.1.1
+	vendorbranch:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.17.53;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.2.2.1
+	1.2.4.1;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.2.2.1
+date	2003.05.23.00.31.36;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.2.4.1
+date	2003.06.03.03.20.31;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Second commit to proj, affecting all 7 files.
+@
+text
+@This is the file `default' in the top level of the project.
+
+Every directory in the `proj' project has a file named `default'.
+
+This line was added in the second commit (affecting all 7 files).
+@
+
+
+1.2.4.1
+log
+@First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+
+This change excludes sub3/default, because it was not part of this
+commit, and sub1/subsubB/default, which is not even on the branch yet.
+@
+text
+@a5 2
+
+First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+@
+
+
+1.2.2.1
+log
+@Modify three files, on branch B_MIXED.
+@
+text
+@a5 2
+
+This line was added on branch B_MIXED only (affecting 3 files).
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d4 2
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Initial import.
+@
+text
+@@
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/default,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/default,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b7fdccdfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/default,v
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+head	1.2;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_SPLIT:1.2.0.4
+	B_MIXED:1.2.0.2
+	T_MIXED:1.2
+	B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1.0.4
+	B_FROM_INITIALS:1.1.1.1.0.2
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES:1.1.1.1
+	vendortag:1.1.1.1
+	vendorbranch:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.17.53;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.2.2.1
+	1.2.4.1;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.2.2.1
+date	2003.05.23.00.31.36;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.2.4.1
+date	2003.06.03.03.20.31;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Second commit to proj, affecting all 7 files.
+@
+text
+@This is sub1/default.
+
+Every directory in the `proj' project has a file named `default'.
+
+This line was added in the second commit (affecting all 7 files).
+@
+
+
+1.2.4.1
+log
+@First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+
+This change excludes sub3/default, because it was not part of this
+commit, and sub1/subsubB/default, which is not even on the branch yet.
+@
+text
+@a5 2
+
+First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+@
+
+
+1.2.2.1
+log
+@Modify three files, on branch B_MIXED.
+@
+text
+@a5 2
+
+This line was added on branch B_MIXED only (affecting 3 files).
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d4 2
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Initial import.
+@
+text
+@@
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/subsubA/default,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/subsubA/default,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..472b7b2bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/subsubA/default,v
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+head	1.3;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_SPLIT:1.3.0.4
+	B_MIXED:1.3.0.2
+	T_MIXED:1.3
+	B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1.0.4
+	B_FROM_INITIALS:1.1.1.1.0.2
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES:1.1.1.1
+	vendortag:1.1.1.1
+	vendorbranch:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.3
+date	2003.05.23.00.17.53;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.3.4.1;
+next	1.2;
+
+1.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.15.26;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.3.4.1
+date	2003.06.03.03.20.31;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.3
+log
+@Second commit to proj, affecting all 7 files.
+@
+text
+@This is sub1/subsubA/default.
+
+Every directory in the `proj' project has a file named `default'.
+
+This line was added by the first commit (affecting two files).
+
+This line was added in the second commit (affecting all 7 files).
+@
+
+
+1.3.4.1
+log
+@First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+
+This change excludes sub3/default, because it was not part of this
+commit, and sub1/subsubB/default, which is not even on the branch yet.
+@
+text
+@a7 2
+
+First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@First commit to proj, affecting two files.
+@
+text
+@d6 2
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d4 2
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Initial import.
+@
+text
+@@
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/subsubB/default,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/subsubB/default,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fe6efa455
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub1/subsubB/default,v
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+head	1.3;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_SPLIT:1.3.0.2
+	B_MIXED:1.2.0.2
+	T_MIXED:1.2
+	B_FROM_INITIALS:1.1.1.1.0.2
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES:1.1.1.1
+	vendortag:1.1.1.1
+	vendorbranch:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.3
+date	2003.06.03.04.29.14;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.3.2.1;
+next	1.2;
+
+1.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.17.53;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.3.2.1
+date	2003.06.03.04.33.13;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.3
+log
+@A trunk change to sub1/subsubB/default.  This was committed about an
+hour after an earlier change that affected most files on branch
+B_SPLIT.  This file is not on that branch yet, but after this commit,
+we'll branch to B_SPLIT, albeit rooted in a revision that didn't exist
+at the time the rest of B_SPLIT was created.
+@
+text
+@This is sub1/subsubB/default.
+
+Every directory in the `proj' project has a file named `default'.
+
+This line was added in the second commit (affecting all 7 files).
+
+This bit was committed on trunk about an hour after an earlier change
+to everyone else on branch B_SPLIT.  Afterwards, we'll finally branch
+this file to B_SPLIT, but rooted in a revision that didn't exist at
+the time the rest of B_SPLIT was created.
+@
+
+
+1.3.2.1
+log
+@This change affects sub3/default and sub1/subsubB/default, on branch
+B_SPLIT.  Note that the latter file did not even exist on this branch
+until after some other files had had revisions committed on B_SPLIT.
+@
+text
+@a10 4
+
+This change affects sub3/default and sub1/subsubB/default, on branch
+B_SPLIT.  Note that the latter file did not even exist on this branch
+until after some other files had had revisions committed on B_SPLIT.
+@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Second commit to proj, affecting all 7 files.
+@
+text
+@d6 5
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d4 2
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Initial import.
+@
+text
+@@
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/Attic/branch_B_MIXED_only,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/Attic/branch_B_MIXED_only,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..34c9789f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/Attic/branch_B_MIXED_only,v
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+head	1.1;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_MIXED:1.1.0.2;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.23.00.25.26;	author jrandom;	state dead;
+branches
+	1.1.2.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.2.1
+date	2003.05.23.00.25.26;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1.2.2;
+
+1.1.2.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.48.51;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@file branch_B_MIXED_only was initially added on branch B_MIXED.
+@
+text
+@@
+
+
+1.1.2.1
+log
+@Add a file on branch B_MIXED.
+@
+text
+@a0 1
+This file was added on branch B_MIXED.  It never existed on trunk.
+@
+
+
+1.1.2.2
+log
+@A single commit affecting one file on branch B_MIXED and one on trunk.
+@
+text
+@a1 3
+
+The same commit added these two lines here on branch B_MIXED, and two
+similar lines to ./default on trunk.
+@
+
+
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/default,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/default,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..018f7f8ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/default,v
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+head	1.3;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_SPLIT:1.3.0.2
+	B_MIXED:1.2.0.2
+	T_MIXED:1.2
+	B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1.0.4
+	B_FROM_INITIALS:1.1.1.1.0.2
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES:1.1.1.1
+	vendortag:1.1.1.1
+	vendorbranch:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.3
+date	2003.05.23.00.48.51;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.3.2.1;
+next	1.2;
+
+1.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.17.53;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.3.2.1
+date	2003.06.03.03.20.31;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.3
+log
+@A single commit affecting one file on branch B_MIXED and one on trunk.
+@
+text
+@This is sub2/default.
+
+Every directory in the `proj' project has a file named `default'.
+
+This line was added in the second commit (affecting all 7 files).
+
+The same commit added these two lines here on trunk, and two similar
+lines to ./branch_B_MIXED_only on branch B_MIXED.
+@
+
+
+1.3.2.1
+log
+@First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+
+This change excludes sub3/default, because it was not part of this
+commit, and sub1/subsubB/default, which is not even on the branch yet.
+@
+text
+@a8 2
+
+First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Second commit to proj, affecting all 7 files.
+@
+text
+@d6 3
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d4 2
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Initial import.
+@
+text
+@@
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/subsubA/default,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/subsubA/default,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d13242cb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub2/subsubA/default,v
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+head	1.2;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_SPLIT:1.2.0.2
+	B_MIXED:1.1.0.2
+	T_MIXED:1.1
+	B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1.0.4
+	B_FROM_INITIALS:1.1.1.1.0.2
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES:1.1.1.1
+	vendortag:1.1.1.1
+	vendorbranch:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.17.53;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.2.2.1;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1
+	1.1.2.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.1.2.1
+date	2003.05.23.00.31.36;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.2.2.1
+date	2003.06.03.03.20.31;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Second commit to proj, affecting all 7 files.
+@
+text
+@This is sub2/subsub2/default.
+
+Every directory in the `proj' project has a file named `default'.
+
+This line was added in the second commit (affecting all 7 files).
+@
+
+
+1.2.2.1
+log
+@First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+
+This change excludes sub3/default, because it was not part of this
+commit, and sub1/subsubB/default, which is not even on the branch yet.
+@
+text
+@a5 2
+
+First change on branch B_SPLIT.
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d4 2
+@
+
+
+1.1.2.1
+log
+@Modify three files, on branch B_MIXED.
+@
+text
+@a3 2
+
+This line was added on branch B_MIXED only (affecting 3 files).
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Initial import.
+@
+text
+@@
diff --git a/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub3/default,v b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub3/default,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..88e456743
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9602/cvsroot/module/sub3/default,v
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+head	1.3;
+access;
+symbols
+	B_SPLIT:1.3.0.2
+	B_MIXED:1.2.0.2
+	T_MIXED:1.2
+	B_FROM_INITIALS_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1.0.4
+	B_FROM_INITIALS:1.1.1.1.0.2
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES_BUT_ONE:1.1.1.1
+	T_ALL_INITIAL_FILES:1.1.1.1
+	vendortag:1.1.1.1
+	vendorbranch:1.1.1;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.3
+date	2003.05.23.00.17.53;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.3.2.1;
+next	1.2;
+
+1.2
+date	2003.05.23.00.15.26;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.1.1.1;
+next	;
+
+1.1.1.1
+date	2003.05.22.23.20.19;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.3.2.1
+date	2003.06.03.04.33.13;	author jrandom;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.3
+log
+@Second commit to proj, affecting all 7 files.
+@
+text
+@This is sub3/default.
+
+Every directory in the `proj' project has a file named `default'.
+
+This line was added by the first commit (affecting two files).
+
+This line was added in the second commit (affecting all 7 files).
+@
+
+
+1.3.2.1
+log
+@This change affects sub3/default and sub1/subsubB/default, on branch
+B_SPLIT.  Note that the latter file did not even exist on this branch
+until after some other files had had revisions committed on B_SPLIT.
+@
+text
+@a7 4
+
+This change affects sub3/default and sub1/subsubB/default, on branch
+B_SPLIT.  Note that the latter file did not even exist on this branch
+until after some other files had had revisions committed on B_SPLIT.
+@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@First commit to proj, affecting two files.
+@
+text
+@d6 2
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Initial revision
+@
+text
+@d4 2
+@
+
+
+1.1.1.1
+log
+@Initial import.
+@
+text
+@@
diff --git a/t/t9603-cvsimport-patchsets.sh b/t/t9603-cvsimport-patchsets.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..958bdce4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9603-cvsimport-patchsets.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Structure of the test cvs repository
+#
+# Message   File:Content         Commit Time
+# Rev 1     a: 1.1               2009-02-21 19:11:43 +0100
+# Rev 2     a: 1.2    b: 1.1     2009-02-21 19:11:14 +0100
+# Rev 3               b: 1.2     2009-02-21 19:11:43 +0100
+#
+# As you can see the commit of Rev 3 has the same time as
+# Rev 1 this leads to a broken import because of a cvsps
+# bug.
+
+test_description='git cvsimport testing for correct patchset estimation'
+. ./lib-cvs.sh
+
+CVSROOT="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9603/cvsroot
+export CVSROOT
+
+test_expect_failure 'import with criss cross times on revisions' '
+
+    git cvsimport -p"-x" -C module-git module &&
+    cd module-git &&
+        git log --pretty=format:%s > ../actual-master &&
+        git log A~2..A --pretty="format:%s %ad" -- > ../actual-A &&
+        echo "" >> ../actual-master &&
+        echo "" >> ../actual-A &&
+    cd .. &&
+    echo "Rev 4
+Rev 3
+Rev 2
+Rev 1" > expect-master &&
+    test_cmp actual-master expect-master &&
+
+    echo "Rev 5 Branch A Wed Mar 11 19:09:10 2009 +0000
+Rev 4 Branch A Wed Mar 11 19:03:52 2009 +0000" > expect-A &&
+    test_cmp actual-A expect-A
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9603/cvsroot/.gitattributes b/t/t9603/cvsroot/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..562b12e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9603/cvsroot/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* -whitespace
diff --git a/t/t9603/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore b/t/t9603/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3bb9b3417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9603/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+history
+val-tags
diff --git a/t/t9603/cvsroot/module/a,v b/t/t9603/cvsroot/module/a,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ba8fd5af2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9603/cvsroot/module/a,v
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+head	1.2;
+access;
+symbols
+	A:1.2.0.2;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.2
+date	2009.02.21.18.11.14;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.2.2.1;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2009.02.21.18.11.43;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.2.2.1
+date	2009.03.11.19.03.52;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.2.2.2;
+
+1.2.2.2
+date	2009.03.11.19.09.10;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Rev 2
+@
+text
+@1.2
+@
+
+
+1.2.2.1
+log
+@Rev 4 Branch A
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+1.2.2.1
+@
+
+
+1.2.2.2
+log
+@Rev 5 Branch A
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+1.2.2.2
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Rev 1
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+1.1
+@
diff --git a/t/t9603/cvsroot/module/b,v b/t/t9603/cvsroot/module/b,v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d26885518
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9603/cvsroot/module/b,v
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+head	1.3;
+access;
+symbols
+	A:1.2.0.2;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.3
+date	2009.03.11.19.05.08;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.2;
+
+1.2
+date	2009.02.21.18.11.43;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches
+	1.2.2.1;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2009.02.21.18.11.14;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+1.2.2.1
+date	2009.03.11.19.03.52;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.2.2.2;
+
+1.2.2.2
+date	2009.03.11.19.09.10;	author tester;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.3
+log
+@Rev 4
+@
+text
+@1.3
+@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Rev 3
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+1.2
+@
+
+
+1.2.2.1
+log
+@Rev 4 Branch A
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+1.2.2.1
+@
+
+
+1.2.2.2
+log
+@Rev 5 Branch A
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+1.2
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Rev 2
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+1.1
+@
diff --git a/t/t9700-perl-git.sh b/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
index b81d5dfc3..8686086dd 100755
--- a/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
+++ b/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@
 test_description='perl interface (Git.pm)'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-perl -MTest::More -e 0 2>/dev/null || {
-	say_color skip "Perl Test::More unavailable, skipping test"
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	say 'skipping perl interface tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+"$PERL_PATH" -MTest::More -e 0 2>/dev/null || {
+	say "Perl Test::More unavailable, skipping test"
 	test_done
 }
 
@@ -24,6 +29,10 @@ test_expect_success \
      git add . &&
      git commit -m "first commit" &&
 
+     echo "new file in subdir 2" > directory2/file2 &&
+     git add . &&
+     git commit -m "commit in directory2" &&
+
      echo "changed file 1" > file1 &&
      git commit -a -m "second commit" &&
 
@@ -39,6 +48,6 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_external_without_stderr \
     'Perl API' \
-    perl "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9700/test.pl
+    "$PERL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t9700/test.pl
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9700/test.pl b/t/t9700/test.pl
index 697daf3ff..666722d9b 100755
--- a/t/t9700/test.pl
+++ b/t/t9700/test.pl
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use File::Basename;
 BEGIN { use_ok('Git') }
 
 # set up
-our $abs_repo_dir = Cwd->cwd;
+our $abs_repo_dir = cwd();
 ok(our $r = Git->repository(Directory => "."), "open repository");
 
 # config
@@ -86,15 +86,22 @@ close TEMPFILE;
 unlink $tmpfile;
 
 # paths
-is($r->repo_path, "./.git", "repo_path");
+is($r->repo_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/.git", "repo_path");
 is($r->wc_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/", "wc_path");
 is($r->wc_subdir, "", "wc_subdir initial");
 $r->wc_chdir("directory1");
 is($r->wc_subdir, "directory1", "wc_subdir after wc_chdir");
-TODO: {
-	local $TODO = "commands do not work after wc_chdir";
-	# Failure output is active even in non-verbose mode and thus
-	# annoying.  Hence we skip these tests as long as they fail.
-	todo_skip 'config after wc_chdir', 1;
-	is($r->config("color.string"), "value", "config after wc_chdir");
-}
+is($r->config("test.string"), "value", "config after wc_chdir");
+
+# Object generation in sub directory
+chdir("directory2");
+my $r2 = Git->repository();
+is($r2->repo_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/.git", "repo_path (2)");
+is($r2->wc_path, $abs_repo_dir . "/", "wc_path (2)");
+is($r2->wc_subdir, "directory2/", "wc_subdir initial (2)");
+
+# commands in sub directory
+my $last_commit = $r2->command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --verify HEAD));
+like($last_commit, qr/^[0-9a-fA-F]{40}$/, 'rev-parse returned hash');
+my $dir_commit = $r2->command_oneline('log', '-n1', '--pretty=format:%H', '.');
+isnt($last_commit, $dir_commit, 'log . does not show last commit');
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index 8936173ee..ec3336aba 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,22 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
 #
 
+# if --tee was passed, write the output not only to the terminal, but
+# additionally to the file test-results/$BASENAME.out, too.
+case "$GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED, $* " in
+done,*)
+	# do not redirect again
+	;;
+*' --tee '*|*' --va'*)
+	mkdir -p test-results
+	BASE=test-results/$(basename "$0" .sh)
+	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${SHELL-sh} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
+	 echo $? > $BASE.exit) | tee $BASE.out
+	test "$(cat $BASE.exit)" = 0
+	exit
+	;;
+esac
+
 # Keep the original TERM for say_color
 ORIGINAL_TERM=$TERM
 
@@ -14,7 +30,7 @@ TZ=UTC
 TERM=dumb
 export LANG LC_ALL PAGER TERM TZ
 EDITOR=:
-VISUAL=:
+unset VISUAL
 unset GIT_EDITOR
 unset AUTHOR_DATE
 unset AUTHOR_EMAIL
@@ -42,7 +58,7 @@ GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=5
 export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY
 export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
 export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
-export EDITOR VISUAL
+export EDITOR
 GIT_TEST_CMP=${GIT_TEST_CMP:-diff -u}
 
 # Protect ourselves from common misconfiguration to export
@@ -82,7 +98,7 @@ do
 	-i|--i|--im|--imm|--imme|--immed|--immedi|--immedia|--immediat|--immediate)
 		immediate=t; shift ;;
 	-l|--l|--lo|--lon|--long|--long-|--long-t|--long-te|--long-tes|--long-test|--long-tests)
-		export GIT_TEST_LONG=t; shift ;;
+		GIT_TEST_LONG=t; export GIT_TEST_LONG; shift ;;
 	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
 		help=t; shift ;;
 	-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--verb|--verbo|--verbos|--verbose)
@@ -94,8 +110,15 @@ do
 	--no-python)
 		# noop now...
 		shift ;;
+	--va|--val|--valg|--valgr|--valgri|--valgrin|--valgrind)
+		valgrind=t; verbose=t; shift ;;
+	--tee)
+		shift ;; # was handled already
+	--root=*)
+		root=$(expr "z$1" : 'z[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+		shift ;;
 	*)
-		break ;;
+		echo "error: unknown test option '$1'" >&2; exit 1 ;;
 	esac
 done
 
@@ -127,7 +150,7 @@ fi
 
 error () {
 	say_color error "error: $*"
-	trap - exit
+	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
 	exit 1
 }
 
@@ -159,11 +182,18 @@ test_broken=0
 test_success=0
 
 die () {
-	echo >&5 "FATAL: Unexpected exit with code $?"
-	exit 1
+	code=$?
+	if test -n "$GIT_EXIT_OK"
+	then
+		exit $code
+	else
+		echo >&5 "FATAL: Unexpected exit with code $code"
+		exit 1
+	fi
 }
 
-trap 'die' exit
+GIT_EXIT_OK=
+trap 'die' EXIT
 
 # The semantics of the editor variables are that of invoking
 # sh -c "$EDITOR \"$@\"" files ...
@@ -177,8 +207,8 @@ trap 'die' exit
 test_set_editor () {
 	FAKE_EDITOR="$1"
 	export FAKE_EDITOR
-	VISUAL='"$FAKE_EDITOR"'
-	export VISUAL
+	EDITOR='"$FAKE_EDITOR"'
+	export EDITOR
 }
 
 test_tick () {
@@ -193,32 +223,87 @@ test_tick () {
 	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
 }
 
+# Call test_commit with the arguments "<message> [<file> [<contents>]]"
+#
+# This will commit a file with the given contents and the given commit
+# message.  It will also add a tag with <message> as name.
+#
+# Both <file> and <contents> default to <message>.
+
+test_commit () {
+	file=${2:-"$1.t"}
+	echo "${3-$1}" > "$file" &&
+	git add "$file" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "$1" &&
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+# Call test_merge with the arguments "<message> <commit>", where <commit>
+# can be a tag pointing to the commit-to-merge.
+
+test_merge () {
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m "$1" "$2" &&
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+# This function helps systems where core.filemode=false is set.
+# Use it instead of plain 'chmod +x' to set or unset the executable bit
+# of a file in the working directory and add it to the index.
+
+test_chmod () {
+	chmod "$@" &&
+	git update-index --add "--chmod=$@"
+}
+
+# Use test_set_prereq to tell that a particular prerequisite is available.
+# The prerequisite can later be checked for in two ways:
+#
+# - Explicitly using test_have_prereq.
+#
+# - Implicitly by specifying the prerequisite tag in the calls to
+#   test_expect_{success,failure,code}.
+#
+# The single parameter is the prerequisite tag (a simple word, in all
+# capital letters by convention).
+
+test_set_prereq () {
+	satisfied="$satisfied$1 "
+}
+satisfied=" "
+
+test_have_prereq () {
+	case $satisfied in
+	*" $1 "*)
+		: yes, have it ;;
+	*)
+		! : nope ;;
+	esac
+}
+
 # You are not expected to call test_ok_ and test_failure_ directly, use
 # the text_expect_* functions instead.
 
 test_ok_ () {
-	test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
-	test_success=$(expr "$test_success" + 1)
+	test_success=$(($test_success + 1))
 	say_color "" "  ok $test_count: $@"
 }
 
 test_failure_ () {
-	test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
-	test_failure=$(expr "$test_failure" + 1);
+	test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
 	say_color error "FAIL $test_count: $1"
 	shift
 	echo "$@" | sed -e 's/^/	/'
-	test "$immediate" = "" || { trap - exit; exit 1; }
+	test "$immediate" = "" || { GIT_EXIT_OK=t; exit 1; }
 }
 
 test_known_broken_ok_ () {
-	test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
 	test_fixed=$(($test_fixed+1))
 	say_color "" "  FIXED $test_count: $@"
 }
 
 test_known_broken_failure_ () {
-	test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
 	test_broken=$(($test_broken+1))
 	say_color skip "  still broken $test_count: $@"
 }
@@ -234,20 +319,23 @@ test_run_ () {
 }
 
 test_skip () {
-	this_test=$(expr "./$0" : '.*/\(t[0-9]*\)-[^/]*$')
-	this_test="$this_test.$(expr "$test_count" + 1)"
+	test_count=$(($test_count+1))
 	to_skip=
 	for skp in $GIT_SKIP_TESTS
 	do
-		case "$this_test" in
+		case $this_test.$test_count in
 		$skp)
 			to_skip=t
 		esac
 	done
+	if test -z "$to_skip" && test -n "$prereq" &&
+	   ! test_have_prereq "$prereq"
+	then
+		to_skip=t
+	fi
 	case "$to_skip" in
 	t)
 		say_color skip >&3 "skipping test: $@"
-		test_count=$(expr "$test_count" + 1)
 		say_color skip "skip $test_count: $1"
 		: true
 		;;
@@ -258,8 +346,9 @@ test_skip () {
 }
 
 test_expect_failure () {
+	test "$#" = 3 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 2 parameters to test-expect-failure"
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-failure"
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
 		say >&3 "checking known breakage: $2"
@@ -268,15 +357,16 @@ test_expect_failure () {
 		then
 			test_known_broken_ok_ "$1"
 		else
-		    test_known_broken_failure_ "$1"
+			test_known_broken_failure_ "$1"
 		fi
 	fi
 	echo >&3 ""
 }
 
 test_expect_success () {
+	test "$#" = 3 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
 	test "$#" = 2 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 2 parameters to test-expect-success"
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-success"
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
 		say >&3 "expecting success: $2"
@@ -292,8 +382,9 @@ test_expect_success () {
 }
 
 test_expect_code () {
+	test "$#" = 4 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
 	test "$#" = 3 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 3 parameters to test-expect-code"
+	error "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test-expect-code"
 	if ! test_skip "$@"
 	then
 		say >&3 "expecting exit code $1: $3"
@@ -317,15 +408,16 @@ test_expect_code () {
 # Usage: test_external description command arguments...
 # Example: test_external 'Perl API' perl ../path/to/test.pl
 test_external () {
-	test "$#" -eq 3 ||
-	error >&5 "bug in the test script: not 3 parameters to test_external"
+	test "$#" = 4 && { prereq=$1; shift; } || prereq=
+	test "$#" = 3 ||
+	error >&5 "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test_external"
 	descr="$1"
 	shift
 	if ! test_skip "$descr" "$@"
 	then
 		# Announce the script to reduce confusion about the
 		# test output that follows.
-		say_color "" " run $(expr "$test_count" + 1): $descr ($*)"
+		say_color "" " run $test_count: $descr ($*)"
 		# Run command; redirect its stderr to &4 as in
 		# test_run_, but keep its stdout on our stdout even in
 		# non-verbose mode.
@@ -409,17 +501,17 @@ test_create_repo () {
 	repo="$1"
 	mkdir -p "$repo"
 	cd "$repo" || error "Cannot setup test environment"
-	"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git" init "--template=$GIT_EXEC_PATH/templates/blt/" >&3 2>&4 ||
+	"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git-init" "--template=$TEST_DIRECTORY/../templates/blt/" >&3 2>&4 ||
 	error "cannot run git init -- have you built things yet?"
 	mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled
 	cd "$owd"
 }
 
 test_done () {
-	trap - exit
+	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
 	test_results_dir="$TEST_DIRECTORY/test-results"
 	mkdir -p "$test_results_dir"
-	test_results_path="$test_results_dir/${0%-*}-$$"
+	test_results_path="$test_results_dir/${0%.sh}-$$"
 
 	echo "total $test_count" >> $test_results_path
 	echo "success $test_success" >> $test_results_path
@@ -441,14 +533,6 @@ test_done () {
 	fi
 	case "$test_failure" in
 	0)
-		# We could:
-		# cd .. && rm -fr 'trash directory'
-		# but that means we forbid any tests that use their own
-		# subdirectory from calling test_done without coming back
-		# to where they started from.
-		# The Makefile provided will clean this test area so
-		# we will leave things as they are.
-
 		say_color pass "passed all $msg"
 
 		test -d "$remove_trash" &&
@@ -467,11 +551,83 @@ test_done () {
 # Test the binaries we have just built.  The tests are kept in
 # t/ subdirectory and are run in 'trash directory' subdirectory.
 TEST_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)
-PATH=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..:$PATH
-GIT_EXEC_PATH=$(pwd)/..
+if test -z "$valgrind"
+then
+	if test -z "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED"
+	then
+		PATH=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..:$PATH
+		GIT_EXEC_PATH=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..
+	else
+		GIT_EXEC_PATH=$($GIT_TEST_INSTALLED/git --exec-path)  ||
+		error "Cannot run git from $GIT_TEST_INSTALLED."
+		PATH=$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED:$TEST_DIRECTORY/..:$PATH
+		GIT_EXEC_PATH=${GIT_TEST_EXEC_PATH:-$GIT_EXEC_PATH}
+	fi
+else
+	make_symlink () {
+		test -h "$2" &&
+		test "$1" = "$(readlink "$2")" || {
+			# be super paranoid
+			if mkdir "$2".lock
+			then
+				rm -f "$2" &&
+				ln -s "$1" "$2" &&
+				rm -r "$2".lock
+			else
+				while test -d "$2".lock
+				do
+					say "Waiting for lock on $2."
+					sleep 1
+				done
+			fi
+		}
+	}
+
+	make_valgrind_symlink () {
+		# handle only executables
+		test -x "$1" || return
+
+		base=$(basename "$1")
+		symlink_target=$TEST_DIRECTORY/../$base
+		# do not override scripts
+		if test -x "$symlink_target" &&
+		    test ! -d "$symlink_target" &&
+		    test "#!" != "$(head -c 2 < "$symlink_target")"
+		then
+			symlink_target=../valgrind.sh
+		fi
+		case "$base" in
+		*.sh|*.perl)
+			symlink_target=../unprocessed-script
+		esac
+		# create the link, or replace it if it is out of date
+		make_symlink "$symlink_target" "$GIT_VALGRIND/bin/$base" || exit
+	}
+
+	# override all git executables in TEST_DIRECTORY/..
+	GIT_VALGRIND=$TEST_DIRECTORY/valgrind
+	mkdir -p "$GIT_VALGRIND"/bin
+	for file in $TEST_DIRECTORY/../git* $TEST_DIRECTORY/../test-*
+	do
+		make_valgrind_symlink $file
+	done
+	OLDIFS=$IFS
+	IFS=:
+	for path in $PATH
+	do
+		ls "$path"/git-* 2> /dev/null |
+		while read file
+		do
+			make_valgrind_symlink "$file"
+		done
+	done
+	IFS=$OLDIFS
+	PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin:$PATH
+	GIT_EXEC_PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin
+	export GIT_VALGRIND
+fi
 GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR=$(pwd)/../templates/blt
 unset GIT_CONFIG
-unset GIT_CONFIG_LOCAL
 GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM=1
 GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL=1
 export PATH GIT_EXEC_PATH GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM GIT_CONFIG_NOGLOBAL
@@ -492,9 +648,14 @@ fi
 
 # Test repository
 test="trash directory.$(basename "$0" .sh)"
-test ! -z "$debug" || remove_trash="$TEST_DIRECTORY/$test"
+test -n "$root" && test="$root/$test"
+case "$test" in
+/*) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$test" ;;
+ *) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$TEST_DIRECTORY/$test" ;;
+esac
+test ! -z "$debug" || remove_trash=$TRASH_DIRECTORY
 rm -fr "$test" || {
-	trap - exit
+	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
 	echo >&5 "FATAL: Cannot prepare test area"
 	exit 1
 }
@@ -504,7 +665,8 @@ test_create_repo "$test"
 # in subprocesses like git equals our $PWD (for pathname comparisons).
 cd -P "$test" || exit 1
 
-this_test=$(expr "./$0" : '.*/\(t[0-9]*\)-[^/]*$')
+this_test=${0##*/}
+this_test=${this_test%%-*}
 for skp in $GIT_SKIP_TESTS
 do
 	to_skip=
@@ -522,3 +684,52 @@ do
 		test_done
 	esac
 done
+
+# Provide an implementation of the 'yes' utility
+yes () {
+	if test $# = 0
+	then
+		y=y
+	else
+		y="$*"
+	fi
+
+	while echo "$y"
+	do
+		:
+	done
+}
+
+# Fix some commands on Windows
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	# Windows has its own (incompatible) sort and find
+	sort () {
+		/usr/bin/sort "$@"
+	}
+	find () {
+		/usr/bin/find "$@"
+	}
+	sum () {
+		md5sum "$@"
+	}
+	# git sees Windows-style pwd
+	pwd () {
+		builtin pwd -W
+	}
+	# no POSIX permissions
+	# backslashes in pathspec are converted to '/'
+	# exec does not inherit the PID
+	;;
+*)
+	test_set_prereq POSIXPERM
+	test_set_prereq BSLASHPSPEC
+	test_set_prereq EXECKEEPSPID
+	;;
+esac
+
+test -z "$NO_PERL" && test_set_prereq PERL
+
+# test whether the filesystem supports symbolic links
+ln -s x y 2>/dev/null && test -h y 2>/dev/null && test_set_prereq SYMLINKS
+rm -f y
diff --git a/t/valgrind/.gitignore b/t/valgrind/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d4ae6676d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/bin/
+/templates
diff --git a/t/valgrind/analyze.sh b/t/valgrind/analyze.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d8105d9fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/analyze.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+out_prefix=$(dirname "$0")/../test-results/valgrind.out
+output=
+count=0
+total_count=0
+missing_message=
+new_line='
+'
+
+# start outputting the current valgrind error in $out_prefix.++$count,
+# and the test case which failed in the corresponding .message file
+start_output () {
+	test -z "$output" || return
+
+	# progress
+	total_count=$(($total_count+1))
+	test -t 2 && printf "\rFound %d errors" $total_count >&2
+
+	count=$(($count+1))
+	output=$out_prefix.$count
+	: > $output
+
+	echo "*** $1 ***" > $output.message
+}
+
+finish_output () {
+	test ! -z "$output" || return
+	output=
+
+	# if a test case has more than one valgrind error, we need to
+	# copy the last .message file to the previous errors
+	test -z "$missing_message" || {
+		while test $missing_message -lt $count
+		do
+			cp $out_prefix.$count.message \
+				$out_prefix.$missing_message.message
+			missing_message=$(($missing_message+1))
+		done
+		missing_message=
+	}
+}
+
+# group the valgrind errors by backtrace
+output_all () {
+	last_line=
+	j=0
+	i=1
+	while test $i -le $count
+	do
+		# output <number> <backtrace-in-one-line>
+		echo "$i $(tr '\n' ' ' < $out_prefix.$i)"
+		i=$(($i+1))
+	done |
+	sort -t ' ' -k 2 | # order by <backtrace-in-one-line>
+	while read number line
+	do
+		# find duplicates, do not output backtrace twice
+		if test "$line" != "$last_line"
+		then
+			last_line=$line
+			j=$(($j+1))
+			printf "\nValgrind error $j:\n\n"
+			cat $out_prefix.$number
+			printf "\nfound in:\n"
+		fi
+		# print the test case where this came from
+		printf "\n"
+		cat $out_prefix.$number.message
+	done
+}
+
+handle_one () {
+	OLDIFS=$IFS
+	IFS="$new_line"
+	while read line
+	do
+		case "$line" in
+		# backtrace, possibly a new one
+		==[0-9]*)
+
+			# Does the current valgrind error have a message yet?
+			case "$output" in
+			*.message)
+				test -z "$missing_message" &&
+				missing_message=$count
+				output=
+			esac
+
+			start_output $(basename $1)
+			echo "$line" |
+			sed 's/==[0-9]*==/==valgrind==/' >> $output
+			;;
+		# end of backtrace
+		'}')
+			test -z "$output" || {
+				echo "$line" >> $output
+				test $output = ${output%.message} &&
+				output=$output.message
+			}
+			;;
+		# end of test case
+		'')
+			finish_output
+			;;
+		# normal line; if $output is set, print the line
+		*)
+			test -z "$output" || echo "$line" >> $output
+			;;
+		esac
+	done < $1
+	IFS=$OLDIFS
+
+	# just to be safe
+	finish_output
+}
+
+for test_script in "$(dirname "$0")"/../test-results/*.out
+do
+	handle_one $test_script
+done
+
+output_all
diff --git a/t/valgrind/default.supp b/t/valgrind/default.supp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e013fa3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/default.supp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+	ignore-zlib-errors-cond
+	Memcheck:Cond
+	obj:*libz.so*
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-zlib-errors-value8
+	Memcheck:Value8
+	obj:*libz.so*
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-zlib-errors-value4
+	Memcheck:Value4
+	obj:*libz.so*
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-ldso-cond
+	Memcheck:Cond
+	obj:*ld-*.so
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-ldso-addr8
+	Memcheck:Addr8
+	obj:*ld-*.so
+}
+
+{
+	ignore-ldso-addr4
+	Memcheck:Addr4
+	obj:*ld-*.so
+}
+
+{
+	writing-data-from-zlib-triggers-even-more-errors
+	Memcheck:Param
+	write(buf)
+	obj:/lib/ld-*.so
+	fun:write_in_full
+	fun:write_buffer
+	fun:write_loose_object
+}
diff --git a/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..582b4dca9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/valgrind/valgrind.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+base=$(basename "$0")
+
+TRACK_ORIGINS=
+
+VALGRIND_VERSION=$(valgrind --version)
+VALGRIND_MAJOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*\([0-9]*\)')
+VALGRIND_MINOR=$(expr "$VALGRIND_VERSION" : '[^0-9]*[0-9]*\.\([0-9]*\)')
+test 3 -gt "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" ||
+test 3 -eq "$VALGRIND_MAJOR" -a 4 -gt "$VALGRIND_MINOR" ||
+TRACK_ORIGINS=--track-origins=yes
+
+exec valgrind -q --error-exitcode=126 \
+	--leak-check=no \
+	--suppressions="$GIT_VALGRIND/default.supp" \
+	--gen-suppressions=all \
+	$TRACK_ORIGINS \
+	--log-fd=4 \
+	--input-fd=4 \
+	$GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS \
+	"$GIT_VALGRIND"/../../"$base" "$@"
diff --git a/templates/Makefile b/templates/Makefile
index a12c6e214..408f0137a 100644
--- a/templates/Makefile
+++ b/templates/Makefile
@@ -50,4 +50,4 @@ clean:
 install: all
 	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(template_instdir_SQ)'
 	(cd blt && $(TAR) cf - .) | \
-	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(template_instdir_SQ)' && umask 022 && $(TAR) xfo -)
+	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(template_instdir_SQ)' && umask 022 && $(TAR) xof -)
diff --git a/templates/hooks--post-receive.sample b/templates/hooks--post-receive.sample
index 18d2e0f72..7a83e17ab 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--post-receive.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--post-receive.sample
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 # For example:
 #  aa453216d1b3e49e7f6f98441fa56946ddcd6a20 68f7abf4e6f922807889f52bc043ecd31b79f814 refs/heads/master
 #
-# see contrib/hooks/ for an sample, or uncomment the next line and
+# see contrib/hooks/ for a sample, or uncomment the next line and
 # rename the file to "post-receive".
 
 #. /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
index 0e49279c7..439eefda5 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #
 # To enable this hook, rename this file to "pre-commit".
 
-if git-rev-parse --verify HEAD 2>/dev/null
+if git-rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
 then
 	against=HEAD
 else
@@ -15,4 +15,32 @@ else
 	against=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
 fi
 
+# If you want to allow non-ascii filenames set this variable to true.
+allownonascii=$(git config hooks.allownonascii)
+
+# Cross platform projects tend to avoid non-ascii filenames; prevent
+# them from being added to the repository. We exploit the fact that the
+# printable range starts at the space character and ends with tilde.
+if [ "$allownonascii" != "true" ] &&
+	# Note that the use of brackets around a tr range is ok here, (it's
+	# even required, for portability to Solaris 10's /usr/bin/tr), since
+	# the square bracket bytes happen to fall in the designated range.
+	test "$(git diff --cached --name-only --diff-filter=A -z $against |
+	  LC_ALL=C tr -d '[ -~]\0')"
+then
+	echo "Error: Attempt to add a non-ascii file name."
+	echo
+	echo "This can cause problems if you want to work"
+	echo "with people on other platforms."
+	echo
+	echo "To be portable it is advisable to rename the file ..."
+	echo
+	echo "If you know what you are doing you can disable this"
+	echo "check using:"
+	echo
+	echo "  git config hooks.allownonascii true"
+	echo
+	exit 1
+fi
+
 exec git diff-index --check --cached $against --
diff --git a/templates/hooks--update.sample b/templates/hooks--update.sample
index 93c605594..fd63b2d66 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--update.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--update.sample
@@ -13,9 +13,15 @@
 # hooks.allowdeletetag
 #   This boolean sets whether deleting tags will be allowed in the
 #   repository.  By default they won't be.
+# hooks.allowmodifytag
+#   This boolean sets whether a tag may be modified after creation. By default
+#   it won't be.
 # hooks.allowdeletebranch
 #   This boolean sets whether deleting branches will be allowed in the
 #   repository.  By default they won't be.
+# hooks.denycreatebranch
+#   This boolean sets whether remotely creating branches will be denied
+#   in the repository.  By default this is allowed.
 #
 
 # --- Command line
@@ -39,18 +45,23 @@ fi
 # --- Config
 allowunannotated=$(git config --bool hooks.allowunannotated)
 allowdeletebranch=$(git config --bool hooks.allowdeletebranch)
+denycreatebranch=$(git config --bool hooks.denycreatebranch)
 allowdeletetag=$(git config --bool hooks.allowdeletetag)
+allowmodifytag=$(git config --bool hooks.allowmodifytag)
 
 # check for no description
 projectdesc=$(sed -e '1q' "$GIT_DIR/description")
-if [ -z "$projectdesc" -o "$projectdesc" = "Unnamed repository; edit this file to name it for gitweb." ]; then
+case "$projectdesc" in
+"Unnamed repository"* | "")
 	echo "*** Project description file hasn't been set" >&2
 	exit 1
-fi
+	;;
+esac
 
 # --- Check types
 # if $newrev is 0000...0000, it's a commit to delete a ref.
-if [ "$newrev" = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000" ]; then
+zero="0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+if [ "$newrev" = "$zero" ]; then
 	newrev_type=delete
 else
 	newrev_type=$(git-cat-file -t $newrev)
@@ -75,9 +86,19 @@ case "$refname","$newrev_type" in
 		;;
 	refs/tags/*,tag)
 		# annotated tag
+		if [ "$allowmodifytag" != "true" ] && git rev-parse $refname > /dev/null 2>&1
+		then
+			echo "*** Tag '$refname' already exists." >&2
+			echo "*** Modifying a tag is not allowed in this repository." >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
 		;;
 	refs/heads/*,commit)
 		# branch
+		if [ "$oldrev" = "$zero" -a "$denycreatebranch" = "true" ]; then
+			echo "*** Creating a branch is not allowed in this repository" >&2
+			exit 1
+		fi
 		;;
 	refs/heads/*,delete)
 		# delete branch
diff --git a/templates/this--description b/templates/this--description
index c6f25e80b..498b267a8 100644
--- a/templates/this--description
+++ b/templates/this--description
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Unnamed repository; edit this file to name it for gitweb.
+Unnamed repository; edit this file 'description' to name the repository.
diff --git a/test-chmtime.c b/test-chmtime.c
index d5358cbaa..fe476cb61 100644
--- a/test-chmtime.c
+++ b/test-chmtime.c
@@ -87,6 +87,15 @@ int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 			return -1;
 		}
 
+#ifdef WIN32
+		if (!(sb.st_mode & S_IWUSR) &&
+				chmod(argv[i], sb.st_mode | S_IWUSR)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Could not make user-writable %s: %s",
+				argv[i], strerror(errno));
+			return -1;
+		}
+#endif
+
 		utb.actime = sb.st_atime;
 		utb.modtime = set_eq ? set_time : sb.st_mtime + set_time;
 
diff --git a/test-ctype.c b/test-ctype.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..033c74911
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-ctype.c
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+
+
+static int test_isdigit(int c)
+{
+	return isdigit(c);
+}
+
+static int test_isspace(int c)
+{
+	return isspace(c);
+}
+
+static int test_isalpha(int c)
+{
+	return isalpha(c);
+}
+
+static int test_isalnum(int c)
+{
+	return isalnum(c);
+}
+
+static int test_is_glob_special(int c)
+{
+	return is_glob_special(c);
+}
+
+static int test_is_regex_special(int c)
+{
+	return is_regex_special(c);
+}
+
+#define DIGIT "0123456789"
+#define LOWER "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+#define UPPER "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+
+static const struct ctype_class {
+	const char *name;
+	int (*test_fn)(int);
+	const char *members;
+} classes[] = {
+	{ "isdigit", test_isdigit, DIGIT },
+	{ "isspace", test_isspace, " \n\r\t" },
+	{ "isalpha", test_isalpha, LOWER UPPER },
+	{ "isalnum", test_isalnum, LOWER UPPER DIGIT },
+	{ "is_glob_special", test_is_glob_special, "*?[\\" },
+	{ "is_regex_special", test_is_regex_special, "$()*+.?[\\^{|" },
+	{ NULL }
+};
+
+static int test_class(const struct ctype_class *test)
+{
+	int i, rc = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+		int expected = i ? !!strchr(test->members, i) : 0;
+		int actual = test->test_fn(i);
+
+		if (actual != expected) {
+			rc = 1;
+			printf("%s classifies char %d (0x%02x) wrongly\n",
+			       test->name, i, i);
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	const struct ctype_class *test;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	for (test = classes; test->name; test++)
+		rc |= test_class(test);
+
+	return rc;
+}
diff --git a/test-date.c b/test-date.c
index 62e8f2387..a9e705f79 100644
--- a/test-date.c
+++ b/test-date.c
@@ -1,20 +1,67 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+static const char *usage_msg = "\n"
+"  test-date show [time_t]...\n"
+"  test-date parse [date]...\n"
+"  test-date approxidate [date]...\n";
+
+static void show_dates(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
 {
-	int i;
+	char buf[128];
+
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		time_t t = atoi(*argv);
+		show_date_relative(t, 0, now, buf, sizeof(buf));
+		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, buf);
+	}
+}
 
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+static void parse_dates(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
+{
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
 		char result[100];
 		time_t t;
 
-		memcpy(result, "bad", 4);
-		parse_date(argv[i], result, sizeof(result));
+		result[0] = 0;
+		parse_date(*argv, result, sizeof(result));
 		t = strtoul(result, NULL, 0);
-		printf("%s -> %s -> %s", argv[i], result, ctime(&t));
+		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv,
+			t ? show_date(t, 0, DATE_ISO8601) : "bad");
+	}
+}
 
-		t = approxidate(argv[i]);
-		printf("%s -> %s\n", argv[i], ctime(&t));
+static void parse_approxidate(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
+{
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		time_t t;
+		t = approxidate_relative(*argv, now);
+		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, show_date(t, 0, DATE_ISO8601));
+	}
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct timeval now;
+	const char *x;
+
+	x = getenv("TEST_DATE_NOW");
+	if (x) {
+		now.tv_sec = atoi(x);
+		now.tv_usec = 0;
 	}
+	else
+		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+
+	argv++;
+	if (!*argv)
+		usage(usage_msg);
+	if (!strcmp(*argv, "show"))
+		show_dates(argv+1, &now);
+	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "parse"))
+		parse_dates(argv+1, &now);
+	else if (!strcmp(*argv, "approxidate"))
+		parse_approxidate(argv+1, &now);
+	else
+		usage(usage_msg);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/test-delta.c b/test-delta.c
index 3d885ff37..af40a3c49 100644
--- a/test-delta.c
+++ b/test-delta.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * test-delta.c: test code to exercise diff-delta.c and patch-delta.c
  *
- * (C) 2005 Nicolas Pitre <nico@cam.org>
+ * (C) 2005 Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
diff --git a/dump-cache-tree.c b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
index 1f73f1ea7..1f73f1ea7 100644
--- a/dump-cache-tree.c
+++ b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
diff --git a/test-genrandom.c b/test-genrandom.c
index 8cefe6cfe..b3c28d9a1 100644
--- a/test-genrandom.c
+++ b/test-genrandom.c
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2007 by Nicolas Pitre, licensed under the GPL version 2.
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
@@ -13,7 +12,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	unsigned char *c;
 
 	if (argc < 2 || argc > 3) {
-		fprintf( stderr, "Usage: %s <seed_string> [<size>]", argv[0]);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <seed_string> [<size>]\n", argv[0]);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
diff --git a/test-parse-options.c b/test-parse-options.c
index 61d2c3981..acd1a2ba7 100644
--- a/test-parse-options.c
+++ b/test-parse-options.c
@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ static unsigned long timestamp;
 static int abbrev = 7;
 static int verbose = 0, dry_run = 0, quiet = 0;
 static char *string = NULL;
+static char *file = NULL;
+static int ambiguous;
 
-int length_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+static int length_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	printf("Callback: \"%s\", %d\n",
 		(arg ? arg : "not set"), unset);
@@ -19,8 +21,15 @@ int length_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int number_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	*(int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, NULL, 10);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
+	const char *prefix = "prefix/";
 	const char *usage[] = {
 		"test-parse-options <options>",
 		NULL
@@ -29,6 +38,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', "boolean", &boolean, "get a boolean"),
 		OPT_BIT('4', "or4", &boolean,
 			"bitwise-or boolean with ...0100", 4),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "neg-or4", &boolean, "same as --no-or4", 4),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_INTEGER('i', "integer", &integer, "get a integer"),
 		OPT_INTEGER('j', NULL, &integer, "get a integer, too"),
@@ -36,6 +46,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 		OPT_DATE('t', NULL, &timestamp, "get timestamp of <time>"),
 		OPT_CALLBACK('L', "length", &integer, "str",
 			"get length of <str>", length_callback),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &file, "set file to <FILE>"),
 		OPT_GROUP("String options"),
 		OPT_STRING('s', "string", &string, "string", "get a string"),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "string2", &string, "str", "get another string"),
@@ -45,6 +56,14 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 			"set string to default", (unsigned long)"default"),
 		OPT_GROUP("Magic arguments"),
 		OPT_ARGUMENT("quux", "means --quux"),
+		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&integer, "set integer to NUM",
+			number_callback),
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, '+', NULL, &boolean, NULL, "same as -b",
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH },
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
+		  "positive ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "no-ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
+		  "negative ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
 		OPT_GROUP("Standard options"),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
@@ -54,7 +73,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	};
 	int i;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
 
 	printf("boolean: %d\n", boolean);
 	printf("integer: %u\n", integer);
@@ -64,6 +83,7 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 	printf("verbose: %d\n", verbose);
 	printf("quiet: %s\n", quiet ? "yes" : "no");
 	printf("dry run: %s\n", dry_run ? "yes" : "no");
+	printf("file: %s\n", file ? file : "(not set)");
 
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 		printf("arg %02d: %s\n", i, argv[i]);
diff --git a/test-path-utils.c b/test-path-utils.c
index a0bcb0e21..d261398d6 100644
--- a/test-path-utils.c
+++ b/test-path-utils.c
@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "normalize_absolute_path")) {
-		char *buf = xmalloc(strlen(argv[2])+1);
-		int rv = normalize_absolute_path(buf, argv[2]);
-		assert(strlen(buf) == rv);
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "normalize_path_copy")) {
+		char *buf = xmalloc(PATH_MAX + 1);
+		int rv = normalize_path_copy(buf, argv[2]);
+		if (rv)
+			buf = "++failed++";
 		puts(buf);
+		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "make_absolute_path")) {
@@ -15,12 +17,22 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			argc--;
 			argv++;
 		}
+		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "longest_ancestor_length")) {
 		int len = longest_ancestor_length(argv[2], argv[3]);
 		printf("%d\n", len);
+		return 0;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "strip_path_suffix")) {
+		char *prefix = strip_path_suffix(argv[2], argv[3]);
+		printf("%s\n", prefix ? prefix : "(null)");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown function name: %s\n", argv[0],
+		argv[1] ? argv[1] : "(there was none)");
+	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/test-sha1.c b/test-sha1.c
index 9b98d07c7..80daba980 100644
--- a/test-sha1.c
+++ b/test-sha1.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 			if (sz == 0)
 				break;
 			if (sz < 0)
-				die("test-sha1: %s", strerror(errno));
+				die_errno("test-sha1");
 			this_sz += sz;
 			cp += sz;
 			room -= sz;
diff --git a/test-sigchain.c b/test-sigchain.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..42db234e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-sigchain.c
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#define X(f) \
+static void f(int sig) { \
+	puts(#f); \
+	fflush(stdout); \
+	sigchain_pop(sig); \
+	raise(sig); \
+}
+X(one)
+X(two)
+X(three)
+#undef X
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, one);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, two);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, three);
+	raise(SIGTERM);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/thread-utils.c b/thread-utils.c
index 55e7e2904..4f9c829c2 100644
--- a/thread-utils.c
+++ b/thread-utils.c
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
-#ifdef _WIN32
-#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-#  include <windows.h>
-#elif defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
+#if defined(hpux) || defined(__hpux) || defined(_hpux)
 #  include <sys/pstat.h>
 #endif
 
diff --git a/trace.c b/trace.c
index 4713f9165..4229ae123 100644
--- a/trace.c
+++ b/trace.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ static int get_trace_fd(int *need_close)
 		return fd;
 	}
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "What does '%s' for GIT_TRACE means ?\n", trace);
+	fprintf(stderr, "What does '%s' for GIT_TRACE mean?\n", trace);
 	fprintf(stderr, "If you want to trace into a file, "
 		"then please set GIT_TRACE to an absolute pathname "
 		"(starting with /).\n");
diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5078c7100
--- /dev/null
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+
+struct helper_data
+{
+	const char *name;
+	struct child_process *helper;
+	FILE *out;
+	unsigned fetch : 1,
+		option : 1,
+		push : 1;
+};
+
+static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct child_process *helper;
+
+	if (data->helper)
+		return data->helper;
+
+	helper = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*helper));
+	helper->in = -1;
+	helper->out = -1;
+	helper->err = 0;
+	helper->argv = xcalloc(4, sizeof(*helper->argv));
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote-%s", data->name);
+	helper->argv[0] = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	helper->argv[1] = transport->remote->name;
+	helper->argv[2] = transport->url;
+	helper->git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(helper))
+		die("Unable to run helper: git %s", helper->argv[0]);
+	data->helper = helper;
+
+	write_str_in_full(helper->in, "capabilities\n");
+
+	data->out = xfdopen(helper->out, "r");
+	while (1) {
+		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, data->out, '\n') == EOF)
+			exit(128); /* child died, message supplied already */
+
+		if (!*buf.buf)
+			break;
+		if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "fetch"))
+			data->fetch = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "option"))
+			data->option = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "push"))
+			data->push = 1;
+	}
+	return data->helper;
+}
+
+static int disconnect_helper(struct transport *transport)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	if (data->helper) {
+		write_str_in_full(data->helper->in, "\n");
+		close(data->helper->in);
+		fclose(data->out);
+		finish_command(data->helper);
+		free((char *)data->helper->argv[0]);
+		free(data->helper->argv);
+		free(data->helper);
+		data->helper = NULL;
+	}
+	free(data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *unsupported_options[] = {
+	TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK,
+	TRANS_OPT_RECEIVEPACK,
+	TRANS_OPT_THIN,
+	TRANS_OPT_KEEP
+	};
+static const char *boolean_options[] = {
+	TRANS_OPT_THIN,
+	TRANS_OPT_KEEP,
+	TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS
+	};
+
+static int set_helper_option(struct transport *transport,
+			  const char *name, const char *value)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct child_process *helper = get_helper(transport);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i, ret, is_bool = 0;
+
+	if (!data->option)
+		return 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options); i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(name, unsupported_options[i]))
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(boolean_options); i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(name, boolean_options[i])) {
+			is_bool = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "option %s ", name);
+	if (is_bool)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, value ? "true" : "false");
+	else
+		quote_c_style(value, &buf, NULL, 0);
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+
+	if (write_in_full(helper->in, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
+		die_errno("cannot send option to %s", data->name);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	if (strbuf_getline(&buf, data->out, '\n') == EOF)
+		exit(128); /* child died, message supplied already */
+
+	if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "ok"))
+		ret = 0;
+	else if (!prefixcmp(buf.buf, "error")) {
+		ret = -1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(buf.buf, "unsupported"))
+		ret = 1;
+	else {
+		warning("%s unexpectedly said: '%s'", data->name, buf.buf);
+		ret = 1;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void standard_options(struct transport *t)
+{
+	char buf[16];
+	int n;
+	int v = t->verbose;
+	int no_progress = v < 0 || (!t->progress && !isatty(1));
+
+	set_helper_option(t, "progress", !no_progress ? "true" : "false");
+
+	n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", v + 1);
+	if (n >= sizeof(buf))
+		die("impossibly large verbosity value");
+	set_helper_option(t, "verbosity", buf);
+}
+
+static int fetch_with_fetch(struct transport *transport,
+			    int nr_heads, const struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	int i;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	standard_options(transport);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
+		const struct ref *posn = to_fetch[i];
+		if (posn->status & REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "fetch %s %s\n",
+			    sha1_to_hex(posn->old_sha1), posn->name);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	if (write_in_full(data->helper->in, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
+		die_errno("cannot send fetch to %s", data->name);
+
+	while (1) {
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, data->out, '\n') == EOF)
+			exit(128); /* child died, message supplied already */
+
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf.buf, "lock ")) {
+			const char *name = buf.buf + 5;
+			if (transport->pack_lockfile)
+				warning("%s also locked %s", data->name, name);
+			else
+				transport->pack_lockfile = xstrdup(name);
+		}
+		else if (!buf.len)
+			break;
+		else
+			warning("%s unexpectedly said: '%s'", data->name, buf.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fetch(struct transport *transport,
+		 int nr_heads, const struct ref **to_fetch)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	int i, count;
+
+	count = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
+		if (!(to_fetch[i]->status & REF_STATUS_UPTODATE))
+			count++;
+
+	if (!count)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (data->fetch)
+		return fetch_with_fetch(transport, nr_heads, to_fetch);
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int push_refs(struct transport *transport,
+		struct ref *remote_refs, int flags)
+{
+	int force_all = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE;
+	int mirror = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR;
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct child_process *helper;
+	struct ref *ref;
+
+	if (!remote_refs)
+		return 0;
+
+	helper = get_helper(transport);
+	if (!data->push)
+		return 1;
+
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (ref->peer_ref)
+			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
+		else if (!mirror)
+			continue;
+
+		ref->deletion = is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1);
+		if (!ref->deletion &&
+			!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
+			ref->status = REF_STATUS_UPTODATE;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (force_all)
+			ref->force = 1;
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "push ");
+		if (!ref->deletion) {
+			if (ref->force)
+				strbuf_addch(&buf, '+');
+			if (ref->peer_ref)
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, ref->peer_ref->name);
+			else
+				strbuf_addstr(&buf, sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
+		}
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, ':');
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, ref->name);
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	}
+	if (buf.len == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	transport->verbose = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE ? 1 : 0;
+	standard_options(transport);
+
+	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN) {
+		if (set_helper_option(transport, "dry-run", "true") != 0)
+			die("helper %s does not support dry-run", data->name);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	if (write_in_full(helper->in, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
+		exit(128);
+
+	ref = remote_refs;
+	while (1) {
+		char *refname, *msg;
+		int status;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, data->out, '\n') == EOF)
+			exit(128); /* child died, message supplied already */
+		if (!buf.len)
+			break;
+
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf.buf, "ok ")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_OK;
+			refname = buf.buf + 3;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(buf.buf, "error ")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
+			refname = buf.buf + 6;
+		} else
+			die("expected ok/error, helper said '%s'\n", buf.buf);
+
+		msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
+		if (msg) {
+			struct strbuf msg_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			const char *end;
+
+			*msg++ = '\0';
+			if (!unquote_c_style(&msg_buf, msg, &end))
+				msg = strbuf_detach(&msg_buf, NULL);
+			else
+				msg = xstrdup(msg);
+			strbuf_release(&msg_buf);
+
+			if (!strcmp(msg, "no match")) {
+				status = REF_STATUS_NONE;
+				free(msg);
+				msg = NULL;
+			}
+			else if (!strcmp(msg, "up to date")) {
+				status = REF_STATUS_UPTODATE;
+				free(msg);
+				msg = NULL;
+			}
+			else if (!strcmp(msg, "non-fast forward")) {
+				status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
+				free(msg);
+				msg = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (ref)
+			ref = find_ref_by_name(ref, refname);
+		if (!ref)
+			ref = find_ref_by_name(remote_refs, refname);
+		if (!ref) {
+			warning("helper reported unexpected status of %s", refname);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		ref->status = status;
+		ref->remote_status = msg;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_refs_list(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct child_process *helper;
+	struct ref *ret = NULL;
+	struct ref **tail = &ret;
+	struct ref *posn;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	helper = get_helper(transport);
+
+	if (data->push && for_push)
+		write_str_in_full(helper->in, "list for-push\n");
+	else
+		write_str_in_full(helper->in, "list\n");
+
+	while (1) {
+		char *eov, *eon;
+		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, data->out, '\n') == EOF)
+			exit(128); /* child died, message supplied already */
+
+		if (!*buf.buf)
+			break;
+
+		eov = strchr(buf.buf, ' ');
+		if (!eov)
+			die("Malformed response in ref list: %s", buf.buf);
+		eon = strchr(eov + 1, ' ');
+		*eov = '\0';
+		if (eon)
+			*eon = '\0';
+		*tail = alloc_ref(eov + 1);
+		if (buf.buf[0] == '@')
+			(*tail)->symref = xstrdup(buf.buf + 1);
+		else if (buf.buf[0] != '?')
+			get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, (*tail)->old_sha1);
+		tail = &((*tail)->next);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	for (posn = ret; posn; posn = posn->next)
+		resolve_remote_symref(posn, ret);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name)
+{
+	struct helper_data *data = xcalloc(sizeof(*data), 1);
+	data->name = name;
+
+	transport->data = data;
+	transport->set_option = set_helper_option;
+	transport->get_refs_list = get_refs_list;
+	transport->fetch = fetch;
+	transport->push_refs = push_refs;
+	transport->disconnect = disconnect_helper;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index 56831c57c..42b2c59a7 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
-#ifndef NO_CURL
-#include "http.h"
-#endif
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "fetch-pack.h"
 #include "send-pack.h"
@@ -50,9 +47,7 @@ static int read_loose_refs(struct strbuf *path, int name_offset,
 	memset (&list, 0, sizeof(list));
 
 	while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
-		if (de->d_name[0] == '.' && (de->d_name[1] == '\0' ||
-				(de->d_name[1] == '.' &&
-				 de->d_name[2] == '\0')))
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name))
 			continue;
 		ALLOC_GROW(list.entries, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
 		list.entries[list.nr++] = xstrdup(de->d_name);
@@ -140,22 +135,30 @@ static void insert_packed_refs(const char *packed_refs, struct ref **list)
 	}
 }
 
-static struct ref *get_refs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport)
+static const char *rsync_url(const char *url)
+{
+	return prefixcmp(url, "rsync://") ? skip_prefix(url, "rsync:") : url;
+}
+
+static struct ref *get_refs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, temp_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct ref dummy, *tail = &dummy;
+	struct ref dummy = {0}, *tail = &dummy;
 	struct child_process rsync;
 	const char *args[5];
 	int temp_dir_len;
 
+	if (for_push)
+		return NULL;
+
 	/* copy the refs to the temporary directory */
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, git_path("rsync-refs-XXXXXX"));
 	if (!mkdtemp(temp_dir.buf))
-		die ("Could not make temporary directory");
+		die_errno ("Could not make temporary directory");
 	temp_dir_len = temp_dir.len;
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, transport->url);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/refs");
 
 	memset(&rsync, 0, sizeof(rsync));
@@ -171,7 +174,7 @@ static struct ref *get_refs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport)
 		die ("Could not run rsync to get refs");
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, transport->url);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/packed-refs");
 
 	args[2] = buf.buf;
@@ -208,7 +211,7 @@ static int fetch_objs_via_rsync(struct transport *transport,
 	const char *args[8];
 	int result;
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, transport->url);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "/objects/");
 
 	memset(&rsync, 0, sizeof(rsync));
@@ -287,7 +290,7 @@ static int rsync_transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 
 	/* first push the objects */
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, transport->url);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, rsync_url(transport->url));
 	strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
 
 	memset(&rsync, 0, sizeof(rsync));
@@ -308,13 +311,14 @@ static int rsync_transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 	args[i++] = NULL;
 
 	if (run_command(&rsync))
-		return error("Could not push objects to %s", transport->url);
+		return error("Could not push objects to %s",
+				rsync_url(transport->url));
 
 	/* copy the refs to the temporary directory; they could be packed. */
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&temp_dir, git_path("rsync-refs-XXXXXX"));
 	if (!mkdtemp(temp_dir.buf))
-		die ("Could not make temporary directory");
+		die_errno ("Could not make temporary directory");
 	strbuf_addch(&temp_dir, '/');
 
 	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) {
@@ -329,10 +333,11 @@ static int rsync_transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 	if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE))
 		args[i++] = "--ignore-existing";
 	args[i++] = temp_dir.buf;
-	args[i++] = transport->url;
+	args[i++] = rsync_url(transport->url);
 	args[i++] = NULL;
 	if (run_command(&rsync))
-		result = error("Could not push to %s", transport->url);
+		result = error("Could not push to %s",
+				rsync_url(transport->url));
 
 	if (remove_dir_recursively(&temp_dir, 0))
 		warning ("Could not remove temporary directory %s.",
@@ -344,195 +349,20 @@ static int rsync_transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 	return result;
 }
 
-/* Generic functions for using commit walkers */
-
-#ifndef NO_CURL /* http fetch is the only user */
-static int fetch_objs_via_walker(struct transport *transport,
-				 int nr_objs, const struct ref **to_fetch)
-{
-	char *dest = xstrdup(transport->url);
-	struct walker *walker = transport->data;
-	char **objs = xmalloc(nr_objs * sizeof(*objs));
-	int i;
-
-	walker->get_all = 1;
-	walker->get_tree = 1;
-	walker->get_history = 1;
-	walker->get_verbosely = transport->verbose >= 0;
-	walker->get_recover = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objs; i++)
-		objs[i] = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(to_fetch[i]->old_sha1));
-
-	if (walker_fetch(walker, nr_objs, objs, NULL, NULL))
-		die("Fetch failed.");
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objs; i++)
-		free(objs[i]);
-	free(objs);
-	free(dest);
-	return 0;
-}
-#endif /* NO_CURL */
-
-static int disconnect_walker(struct transport *transport)
-{
-	struct walker *walker = transport->data;
-	if (walker)
-		walker_free(walker);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-#ifndef NO_CURL
-static int curl_transport_push(struct transport *transport, int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags)
-{
-	const char **argv;
-	int argc;
-	int err;
-
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)
-		return error("http transport does not support mirror mode");
-
-	argv = xmalloc((refspec_nr + 12) * sizeof(char *));
-	argv[0] = "http-push";
-	argc = 1;
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
-		argv[argc++] = "--all";
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)
-		argv[argc++] = "--force";
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)
-		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
-	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE)
-		argv[argc++] = "--verbose";
-	argv[argc++] = transport->url;
-	while (refspec_nr--)
-		argv[argc++] = *refspec++;
-	argv[argc] = NULL;
-	err = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-	switch (err) {
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK:
-		error("unable to fork for %s", argv[0]);
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC:
-		error("unable to exec %s", argv[0]);
-		break;
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID:
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID:
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL:
-	case -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT:
-		error("%s died with strange error", argv[0]);
-	}
-	return !!err;
-}
-
-static struct ref *get_refs_via_curl(struct transport *transport)
-{
-	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *data, *start, *mid;
-	char *ref_name;
-	char *refs_url;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	struct slot_results results;
-
-	struct ref *refs = NULL;
-	struct ref *ref = NULL;
-	struct ref *last_ref = NULL;
-
-	struct walker *walker;
-
-	if (!transport->data)
-		transport->data = get_http_walker(transport->url,
-						transport->remote);
-
-	walker = transport->data;
-
-	refs_url = xmalloc(strlen(transport->url) + 11);
-	sprintf(refs_url, "%s/info/refs", transport->url);
-
-	slot = get_active_slot();
-	slot->results = &results;
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, &buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite_buffer);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, refs_url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, NULL);
-
-	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
-		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-			strbuf_release(&buffer);
-			if (missing_target(&results))
-				die("%s not found: did you run git update-server-info on the server?", refs_url);
-			else
-				die("%s download error - %s", refs_url, curl_errorstr);
-		}
-	} else {
-		strbuf_release(&buffer);
-		die("Unable to start HTTP request");
-	}
-
-	data = buffer.buf;
-	start = NULL;
-	mid = data;
-	while (i < buffer.len) {
-		if (!start)
-			start = &data[i];
-		if (data[i] == '\t')
-			mid = &data[i];
-		if (data[i] == '\n') {
-			data[i] = 0;
-			ref_name = mid + 1;
-			ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref) +
-				      strlen(ref_name) + 1);
-			memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct ref));
-			strcpy(ref->name, ref_name);
-			get_sha1_hex(start, ref->old_sha1);
-			if (!refs)
-				refs = ref;
-			if (last_ref)
-				last_ref->next = ref;
-			last_ref = ref;
-			start = NULL;
-		}
-		i++;
-	}
-
-	strbuf_release(&buffer);
-
-	ref = alloc_ref("HEAD");
-	if (!walker->fetch_ref(walker, ref) &&
-	    !resolve_remote_symref(ref, refs)) {
-		ref->next = refs;
-		refs = ref;
-	} else {
-		free(ref);
-	}
-
-	return refs;
-}
-
-static int fetch_objs_via_curl(struct transport *transport,
-				 int nr_objs, const struct ref **to_fetch)
-{
-	if (!transport->data)
-		transport->data = get_http_walker(transport->url,
-						transport->remote);
-	return fetch_objs_via_walker(transport, nr_objs, to_fetch);
-}
-
-#endif
-
 struct bundle_transport_data {
 	int fd;
 	struct bundle_header header;
 };
 
-static struct ref *get_refs_from_bundle(struct transport *transport)
+static struct ref *get_refs_from_bundle(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 {
 	struct bundle_transport_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct ref *result = NULL;
 	int i;
 
+	if (for_push)
+		return NULL;
+
 	if (data->fd > 0)
 		close(data->fd);
 	data->fd = read_bundle_header(transport->url, &data->header);
@@ -573,6 +403,7 @@ struct git_transport_data {
 	int fd[2];
 	const char *uploadpack;
 	const char *receivepack;
+	struct extra_have_objects extra_have;
 };
 
 static int set_git_option(struct transport *connection,
@@ -604,20 +435,23 @@ static int set_git_option(struct transport *connection,
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int connect_setup(struct transport *transport)
+static int connect_setup(struct transport *transport, int for_push, int verbose)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
-	data->conn = git_connect(data->fd, transport->url, data->uploadpack, 0);
+	data->conn = git_connect(data->fd, transport->url,
+				 for_push ? data->receivepack : data->uploadpack,
+				 verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct ref *get_refs_via_connect(struct transport *transport)
+static struct ref *get_refs_via_connect(struct transport *transport, int for_push)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct ref *refs;
 
-	connect_setup(transport);
-	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+	connect_setup(transport, for_push, 0);
+	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs, 0, NULL,
+			 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, &data->extra_have);
 
 	return refs;
 }
@@ -649,7 +483,7 @@ static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
 		origh[i] = heads[i] = xstrdup(to_fetch[i]->name);
 
 	if (!data->conn) {
-		connect_setup(transport);
+		connect_setup(transport, 0, 0);
 		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs_tmp, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
 	}
 
@@ -672,20 +506,248 @@ static int fetch_refs_via_pack(struct transport *transport,
 	return (refs ? 0 : -1);
 }
 
-static int git_transport_push(struct transport *transport, int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags)
+static int push_had_errors(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	for (; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		switch (ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		case REF_STATUS_OK:
+			break;
+		default:
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int refs_pushed(struct ref *ref)
+{
+	for (; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		switch(ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+			break;
+		default:
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void update_tracking_ref(struct remote *remote, struct ref *ref, int verbose)
+{
+	struct refspec rs;
+
+	if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK && ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+		return;
+
+	rs.src = ref->name;
+	rs.dst = NULL;
+
+	if (!remote_find_tracking(remote, &rs)) {
+		if (verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "updating local tracking ref '%s'\n", rs.dst);
+		if (ref->deletion) {
+			delete_ref(rs.dst, NULL, 0);
+		} else
+			update_ref("update by push", rs.dst,
+					ref->new_sha1, NULL, 0, 0);
+		free(rs.dst);
+	}
+}
+
+#define SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
+
+static void print_ref_status(char flag, const char *summary, struct ref *to, struct ref *from, const char *msg, int porcelain)
+{
+	if (porcelain) {
+		if (from)
+			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t%s:%s\t", flag, from->name, to->name);
+		else
+			fprintf(stdout, "%c\t:%s\t", flag, to->name);
+		if (msg)
+			fprintf(stdout, "%s (%s)\n", summary, msg);
+		else
+			fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", summary);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr, " %c %-*s ", flag, SUMMARY_WIDTH, summary);
+		if (from)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s -> %s", prettify_refname(from->name), prettify_refname(to->name));
+		else
+			fputs(prettify_refname(to->name), stderr);
+		if (msg) {
+			fputs(" (", stderr);
+			fputs(msg, stderr);
+			fputc(')', stderr);
+		}
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+	}
+}
+
+static const char *status_abbrev(unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	return find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+}
+
+static void print_ok_ref_status(struct ref *ref, int porcelain)
+{
+	if (ref->deletion)
+		print_ref_status('-', "[deleted]", ref, NULL, NULL, porcelain);
+	else if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1))
+		print_ref_status('*',
+			(!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/") ? "[new tag]" :
+			"[new branch]"),
+			ref, ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain);
+	else {
+		char quickref[84];
+		char type;
+		const char *msg;
+
+		strcpy(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->old_sha1));
+		if (ref->nonfastforward) {
+			strcat(quickref, "...");
+			type = '+';
+			msg = "forced update";
+		} else {
+			strcat(quickref, "..");
+			type = ' ';
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
+		strcat(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->new_sha1));
+
+		print_ref_status(type, quickref, ref, ref->peer_ref, msg, porcelain);
+	}
+}
+
+static int print_one_push_status(struct ref *ref, const char *dest, int count, int porcelain)
+{
+	if (!count)
+		fprintf(stderr, "To %s\n", dest);
+
+	switch(ref->status) {
+	case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		print_ref_status('X', "[no match]", ref, NULL, NULL, porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, NULL,
+						 "remote does not support deleting refs", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		print_ref_status('=', "[up to date]", ref,
+						 ref->peer_ref, NULL, porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "non-fast-forward", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
+						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+						 ref->remote_status, porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[remote failure]", ref,
+						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
+						 "remote failed to report status", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_OK:
+		print_ok_ref_status(ref, porcelain);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
+			      int verbose, int porcelain, int * nonfastforward)
+{
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (verbose) {
+		for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+			if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_UPTODATE)
+				n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+	}
+
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_OK)
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+
+	*nonfastforward = 0;
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_NONE &&
+		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE &&
+		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK)
+			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
+		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD)
+			*nonfastforward = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+static void verify_remote_names(int nr_heads, const char **heads)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
+		const char *local = heads[i];
+		const char *remote = strrchr(heads[i], ':');
+
+		if (*local == '+')
+			local++;
+
+		/* A matching refspec is okay.  */
+		if (remote == local && remote[1] == '\0')
+			continue;
+
+		remote = remote ? (remote + 1) : local;
+		switch (check_ref_format(remote)) {
+		case 0: /* ok */
+		case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_ONELEVEL:
+			/* ok but a single level -- that is fine for
+			 * a match pattern.
+			 */
+		case CHECK_REF_FORMAT_WILDCARD:
+			/* ok but ends with a pattern-match character */
+			continue;
+		}
+		die("remote part of refspec is not a valid name in %s",
+		    heads[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+static int git_transport_push(struct transport *transport, struct ref *remote_refs, int flags)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
 	struct send_pack_args args;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!data->conn) {
+		struct ref *tmp_refs;
+		connect_setup(transport, 1, 0);
 
-	args.receivepack = data->receivepack;
-	args.send_all = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL);
+		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &tmp_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL,
+				 NULL);
+	}
+
+	memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
 	args.send_mirror = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR);
 	args.force_update = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
 	args.use_thin_pack = data->thin;
 	args.verbose = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE);
+	args.quiet = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_QUIET);
 	args.dry_run = !!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN);
 
-	return send_pack(&args, transport->url, transport->remote, refspec_nr, refspec);
+	ret = send_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn, remote_refs,
+			&data->extra_have);
+
+	close(data->fd[1]);
+	close(data->fd[0]);
+	ret |= finish_connect(data->conn);
+	data->conn = NULL;
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int disconnect_git(struct transport *transport)
@@ -722,10 +784,13 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 {
 	struct transport *ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ret));
 
+	if (!remote)
+		die("No remote provided to transport_get()");
+
 	ret->remote = remote;
 	ret->url = url;
 
-	if (!prefixcmp(url, "rsync://")) {
+	if (!prefixcmp(url, "rsync:")) {
 		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_rsync;
 		ret->fetch = fetch_objs_via_rsync;
 		ret->push = rsync_transport_push;
@@ -733,14 +798,10 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(url, "http://")
 	        || !prefixcmp(url, "https://")
 	        || !prefixcmp(url, "ftp://")) {
+		transport_helper_init(ret, "curl");
 #ifdef NO_CURL
 		error("git was compiled without libcurl support.");
-#else
-		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_curl;
-		ret->fetch = fetch_objs_via_curl;
-		ret->push = curl_transport_push;
 #endif
-		ret->disconnect = disconnect_walker;
 
 	} else if (is_local(url) && is_file(url)) {
 		struct bundle_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
@@ -755,16 +816,16 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
 		ret->set_option = set_git_option;
 		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_via_connect;
 		ret->fetch = fetch_refs_via_pack;
-		ret->push = git_transport_push;
+		ret->push_refs = git_transport_push;
 		ret->disconnect = disconnect_git;
 
 		data->thin = 1;
 		data->conn = NULL;
 		data->uploadpack = "git-upload-pack";
-		if (remote && remote->uploadpack)
+		if (remote->uploadpack)
 			data->uploadpack = remote->uploadpack;
 		data->receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
-		if (remote && remote->receivepack)
+		if (remote->receivepack)
 			data->receivepack = remote->receivepack;
 	}
 
@@ -780,28 +841,70 @@ int transport_set_option(struct transport *transport,
 }
 
 int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
-		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags)
+		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
+		   int *nonfastforward)
 {
-	if (!transport->push)
-		return 1;
-	return transport->push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags);
+	*nonfastforward = 0;
+	verify_remote_names(refspec_nr, refspec);
+
+	if (transport->push)
+		return transport->push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags);
+	if (transport->push_refs) {
+		struct ref *remote_refs =
+			transport->get_refs_list(transport, 1);
+		struct ref *local_refs = get_local_heads();
+		int match_flags = MATCH_REFS_NONE;
+		int verbose = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE;
+		int quiet = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_QUIET;
+		int porcelain = flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN;
+		int ret;
+
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)
+			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)
+			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
+
+		if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
+			       refspec_nr, refspec, match_flags)) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		ret = transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
+
+		if (!quiet || push_had_errors(remote_refs))
+			print_push_status(transport->url, remote_refs,
+					verbose | porcelain, porcelain,
+					nonfastforward);
+
+		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)) {
+			struct ref *ref;
+			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+				update_tracking_ref(transport->remote, ref, verbose);
+		}
+
+		if (!quiet && !ret && !refs_pushed(remote_refs))
+			fprintf(stderr, "Everything up-to-date\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	return 1;
 }
 
 const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	if (!transport->remote_refs)
-		transport->remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport);
+		transport->remote_refs = transport->get_refs_list(transport, 0);
 	return transport->remote_refs;
 }
 
 int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, const struct ref *refs)
 {
 	int rc;
-	int nr_heads = 0, nr_alloc = 0;
+	int nr_heads = 0, nr_alloc = 0, nr_refs = 0;
 	const struct ref **heads = NULL;
 	const struct ref *rm;
 
 	for (rm = refs; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+		nr_refs++;
 		if (rm->peer_ref &&
 		    !hashcmp(rm->peer_ref->old_sha1, rm->old_sha1))
 			continue;
@@ -809,6 +912,19 @@ int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, const struct ref *refs)
 		heads[nr_heads++] = rm;
 	}
 
+	if (!nr_heads) {
+		/*
+		 * When deepening of a shallow repository is requested,
+		 * then local and remote refs are likely to still be equal.
+		 * Just feed them all to the fetch method in that case.
+		 * This condition shouldn't be met in a non-deepening fetch
+		 * (see builtin-fetch.c:quickfetch()).
+		 */
+		heads = xmalloc(nr_refs * sizeof(*heads));
+		for (rm = refs; rm; rm = rm->next)
+			heads[nr_heads++] = rm;
+	}
+
 	rc = transport->fetch(transport, nr_heads, heads);
 	free(heads);
 	return rc;
@@ -817,7 +933,7 @@ int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, const struct ref *refs)
 void transport_unlock_pack(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	if (transport->pack_lockfile) {
-		unlink(transport->pack_lockfile);
+		unlink_or_warn(transport->pack_lockfile);
 		free(transport->pack_lockfile);
 		transport->pack_lockfile = NULL;
 	}
@@ -831,3 +947,51 @@ int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport)
 	free(transport);
 	return ret;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Strip username (and password) from an url and return
+ * it in a newly allocated string.
+ */
+char *transport_anonymize_url(const char *url)
+{
+	char *anon_url, *scheme_prefix, *anon_part;
+	size_t anon_len, prefix_len = 0;
+
+	anon_part = strchr(url, '@');
+	if (is_local(url) || !anon_part)
+		goto literal_copy;
+
+	anon_len = strlen(++anon_part);
+	scheme_prefix = strstr(url, "://");
+	if (!scheme_prefix) {
+		if (!strchr(anon_part, ':'))
+			/* cannot be "me@there:/path/name" */
+			goto literal_copy;
+	} else {
+		const char *cp;
+		/* make sure scheme is reasonable */
+		for (cp = url; cp < scheme_prefix; cp++) {
+			switch (*cp) {
+				/* RFC 1738 2.1 */
+			case '+': case '.': case '-':
+				break; /* ok */
+			default:
+				if (isalnum(*cp))
+					break;
+				/* it isn't */
+				goto literal_copy;
+			}
+		}
+		/* @ past the first slash does not count */
+		cp = strchr(scheme_prefix + 3, '/');
+		if (cp && cp < anon_part)
+			goto literal_copy;
+		prefix_len = scheme_prefix - url + 3;
+	}
+	anon_url = xcalloc(1, 1 + prefix_len + anon_len);
+	memcpy(anon_url, url, prefix_len);
+	memcpy(anon_url + prefix_len, anon_part, anon_len);
+	return anon_url;
+literal_copy:
+	return xstrdup(url);
+}
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index 6bbc1a826..e4e6177e2 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -18,13 +18,14 @@ struct transport {
 	int (*set_option)(struct transport *connection, const char *name,
 			  const char *value);
 
-	struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport);
+	struct ref *(*get_refs_list)(struct transport *transport, int for_push);
 	int (*fetch)(struct transport *transport, int refs_nr, const struct ref **refs);
+	int (*push_refs)(struct transport *transport, struct ref *refs, int flags);
 	int (*push)(struct transport *connection, int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags);
 
 	int (*disconnect)(struct transport *connection);
 	char *pack_lockfile;
-	signed verbose : 2;
+	signed verbose : 3;
 	/* Force progress even if the output is not a tty */
 	unsigned progress : 1;
 };
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ struct transport {
 #define TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN 4
 #define TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR 8
 #define TRANSPORT_PUSH_VERBOSE 16
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN 32
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_QUIET 64
 
 /* Returns a transport suitable for the url */
 struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *, const char *);
@@ -66,12 +69,17 @@ int transport_set_option(struct transport *transport, const char *name,
 			 const char *value);
 
 int transport_push(struct transport *connection,
-		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags);
+		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
+		   int * nonfastforward);
 
 const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport);
 
 int transport_fetch_refs(struct transport *transport, const struct ref *refs);
 void transport_unlock_pack(struct transport *transport);
 int transport_disconnect(struct transport *transport);
+char *transport_anonymize_url(const char *url);
+
+/* Transport methods defined outside transport.c */
+int transport_helper_init(struct transport *transport, const char *name);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/tree-diff.c b/tree-diff.c
index 9f67af6c1..0459e54d3 100644
--- a/tree-diff.c
+++ b/tree-diff.c
@@ -118,10 +118,16 @@ static int tree_entry_interesting(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *base, int
 				continue;
 
 			/*
-			 * The base is a subdirectory of a path which
-			 * was specified, so all of them are interesting.
+			 * If the base is a subdirectory of a path which
+			 * was specified, all of them are interesting.
 			 */
-			return 2;
+			if (!matchlen ||
+			    base[matchlen] == '/' ||
+			    match[matchlen - 1] == '/')
+				return 2;
+
+			/* Just a random prefix match */
+			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* Does the base match? */
@@ -233,6 +239,12 @@ static void show_entry(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix, struct tree
 		if (!tree || type != OBJ_TREE)
 			die("corrupt tree sha %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE)) {
+			newbase[baselen + pathlen] = 0;
+			opt->add_remove(opt, *prefix, mode, sha1, newbase);
+			newbase[baselen + pathlen] = '/';
+		}
+
 		init_tree_desc(&inner, tree, size);
 		show_tree(opt, prefix, &inner, newbase, baselen + 1 + pathlen);
 
@@ -368,7 +380,7 @@ static void try_to_follow_renames(struct tree_desc *t1, struct tree_desc *t2, co
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Then, discard all the non-relevane file pairs...
+	 * Then, discard all the non-relevant file pairs...
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
diff --git a/tree.c b/tree.c
index 03e782a9c..5ab90af25 100644
--- a/tree.c
+++ b/tree.c
@@ -60,8 +60,13 @@ static int match_tree_entry(const char *base, int baselen, const char *path, uns
 			/* If it doesn't match, move along... */
 			if (strncmp(base, match, matchlen))
 				continue;
-			/* The base is a subdirectory of a path which was specified. */
-			return 1;
+			/* pathspecs match only at the directory boundaries */
+			if (!matchlen ||
+			    baselen == matchlen ||
+			    base[matchlen] == '/' ||
+			    match[matchlen - 1] == '/')
+				return 1;
+			continue;
 		}
 
 		/* Does the base match? */
@@ -110,7 +115,7 @@ int read_tree_recursive(struct tree *tree,
 		case 0:
 			continue;
 		case READ_TREE_RECURSIVE:
-			break;;
+			break;
 		default:
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -131,6 +136,34 @@ int read_tree_recursive(struct tree *tree,
 			if (retval)
 				return -1;
 			continue;
+		} else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode)) {
+			int retval;
+			struct strbuf path;
+			unsigned int entrylen;
+			struct commit *commit;
+
+			entrylen = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1);
+			strbuf_init(&path, baselen + entrylen + 1);
+			strbuf_add(&path, base, baselen);
+			strbuf_add(&path, entry.path, entrylen);
+			strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
+
+			commit = lookup_commit(entry.sha1);
+			if (!commit)
+				die("Commit %s in submodule path %s not found",
+				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1), path.buf);
+
+			if (parse_commit(commit))
+				die("Invalid commit %s in submodule path %s",
+				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1), path.buf);
+
+			retval = read_tree_recursive(commit->tree,
+						     path.buf, path.len,
+						     stage, match, fn, context);
+			strbuf_release(&path);
+			if (retval)
+				return -1;
+			continue;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
diff --git a/unimplemented.sh b/unimplemented.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5252de4b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/unimplemented.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+echo >&2 "fatal: git was built without support for `basename $0` (@@REASON@@)."
+exit 128
diff --git a/unpack-file.c b/unpack-file.c
index bcdc8bbb3..e9d893469 100644
--- a/unpack-file.c
+++ b/unpack-file.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 	strcpy(path, ".merge_file_XXXXXX");
 	fd = xmkstemp(path);
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, size) != size)
-		die("unable to write temp-file");
+		die_errno("unable to write temp-file");
 	close(fd);
 	return path;
 }
@@ -25,8 +26,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("git-unpack-file <sha1>");
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
+	if (argc != 2 || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+		usage("git unpack-file <sha1>");
 	if (get_sha1(argv[1], sha1))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
 
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index 54f301da6..dd5999c35 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "attr.h"
 
 /*
  * Error messages expected by scripts out of plumbing commands such as
@@ -49,39 +50,20 @@ static void add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *ce,
 	memcpy(new, ce, size);
 	new->next = NULL;
 	new->ce_flags = (new->ce_flags & ~clear) | set;
-	add_index_entry(&o->result, new, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE|ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK);
+	add_index_entry(&o->result, new, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
 }
 
-/* Unlink the last component and attempt to remove leading
- * directories, in case this unlink is the removal of the
- * last entry in the directory -- empty directories are removed.
+/*
+ * Unlink the last component and schedule the leading directories for
+ * removal, such that empty directories get removed.
  */
 static void unlink_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	char *cp, *prev;
-	char *name = ce->name;
-
-	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce_namelen(ce), ce->name))
+	if (has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 		return;
-	if (unlink(name))
+	if (unlink_or_warn(ce->name))
 		return;
-	prev = NULL;
-	while (1) {
-		int status;
-		cp = strrchr(name, '/');
-		if (prev)
-			*prev = '/';
-		if (!cp)
-			break;
-
-		*cp = 0;
-		status = rmdir(name);
-		if (status) {
-			*cp = '/';
-			break;
-		}
-		prev = cp;
-	}
+	schedule_dir_for_removal(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
 }
 
 static struct checkout state;
@@ -105,6 +87,8 @@ static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 		cnt = 0;
 	}
 
+	if (o->update)
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKOUT, &o->result);
 	for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[i];
 
@@ -112,11 +96,10 @@ static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 			display_progress(progress, ++cnt);
 			if (o->update)
 				unlink_entry(ce);
-			remove_index_entry_at(&o->result, i);
-			i--;
-			continue;
 		}
 	}
+	remove_marked_cache_entries(&o->result);
+	remove_scheduled_dirs();
 
 	for (i = 0; i < index->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[i];
@@ -130,6 +113,8 @@ static int check_updates(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 		}
 	}
 	stop_progress(&progress);
+	if (o->update)
+		git_attr_set_direction(GIT_ATTR_CHECKIN, NULL);
 	return errs != 0;
 }
 
@@ -143,7 +128,7 @@ static inline int call_unpack_fn(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_o
 
 static int unpack_index_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
-	struct cache_entry *src[5] = { ce, };
+	struct cache_entry *src[5] = { ce, NULL, };
 
 	o->pos++;
 	if (ce_stage(ce)) {
@@ -155,7 +140,7 @@ static int unpack_index_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, struct unpack_trees_option
 	return call_unpack_fn(src, o);
 }
 
-int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask, unsigned long df_conflicts, struct name_entry *names, struct traverse_info *info)
+static int traverse_trees_recursive(int n, unsigned long dirmask, unsigned long df_conflicts, struct name_entry *names, struct traverse_info *info)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
@@ -240,8 +225,11 @@ static struct cache_entry *create_ce_entry(const struct traverse_info *info, con
 	return ce;
 }
 
-static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct cache_entry *src[5],
-	const struct name_entry *names, const struct traverse_info *info)
+static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask,
+				 unsigned long dirmask,
+				 struct cache_entry **src,
+				 const struct name_entry *names,
+				 const struct traverse_info *info)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct unpack_trees_options *o = info->data;
@@ -283,15 +271,26 @@ static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmas
 	if (o->merge)
 		return call_unpack_fn(src, o);
 
-	n += o->merge;
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-		add_entry(o, src[i], 0, 0);
+		if (src[i] && src[i] != o->df_conflict_entry)
+			add_entry(o, src[i], 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int unpack_failed(struct unpack_trees_options *o, const char *message)
+{
+	discard_index(&o->result);
+	if (!o->gently) {
+		if (message)
+			return error("%s", message);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
 static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct name_entry *names, struct traverse_info *info)
 {
-	struct cache_entry *src[5] = { NULL, };
+	struct cache_entry *src[MAX_UNPACK_TREES + 1] = { NULL, };
 	struct unpack_trees_options *o = info->data;
 	const struct name_entry *p = names;
 
@@ -306,7 +305,7 @@ static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, str
 			int cmp = compare_entry(ce, info, p);
 			if (cmp < 0) {
 				if (unpack_index_entry(ce, o) < 0)
-					return -1;
+					return unpack_failed(o, NULL);
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!cmp) {
@@ -338,6 +337,23 @@ static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, str
 			if (src[0])
 				conflicts |= 1;
 		}
+
+		/* special case: "diff-index --cached" looking at a tree */
+		if (o->diff_index_cached &&
+		    n == 1 && dirmask == 1 && S_ISDIR(names->mode)) {
+			int matches;
+			matches = cache_tree_matches_traversal(o->src_index->cache_tree,
+							       names, info);
+			/*
+			 * Everything under the name matches.  Adjust o->pos to
+			 * skip the entire hierarchy.
+			 */
+			if (matches) {
+				o->pos += matches;
+				return mask;
+			}
+		}
+
 		if (traverse_trees_recursive(n, dirmask, conflicts,
 					     names, info) < 0)
 			return -1;
@@ -347,17 +363,6 @@ static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, str
 	return mask;
 }
 
-static int unpack_failed(struct unpack_trees_options *o, const char *message)
-{
-	discard_index(&o->result);
-	if (!o->gently) {
-		if (message)
-			return error("%s", message);
-		return -1;
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
 /*
  * N-way merge "len" trees.  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure to manipulate the
  * resulting index, -2 on failure to reflect the changes to the work tree.
@@ -377,8 +382,10 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 
 	memset(&o->result, 0, sizeof(o->result));
 	o->result.initialized = 1;
-	if (o->src_index)
-		o->result.timestamp = o->src_index->timestamp;
+	if (o->src_index) {
+		o->result.timestamp.sec = o->src_index->timestamp.sec;
+		o->result.timestamp.nsec = o->src_index->timestamp.nsec;
+	}
 	o->merge_size = len;
 
 	if (!dfc)
@@ -443,7 +450,7 @@ static int verify_uptodate(struct cache_entry *ce,
 {
 	struct stat st;
 
-	if (o->index_only || o->reset)
+	if (o->index_only || o->reset || ce_uptodate(ce))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
@@ -494,7 +501,7 @@ static int verify_clean_subdirectory(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
 	 * anything in the existing directory there.
 	 */
 	int namelen;
-	int pos, i;
+	int i;
 	struct dir_struct d;
 	char *pathbuf;
 	int cnt = 0;
@@ -515,24 +522,20 @@ static int verify_clean_subdirectory(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
 	 * in that directory.
 	 */
 	namelen = strlen(ce->name);
-	pos = index_name_pos(o->src_index, ce->name, namelen);
-	if (0 <= pos)
-		return cnt; /* we have it as nondirectory */
-	pos = -pos - 1;
-	for (i = pos; i < o->src_index->cache_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = o->src_index->cache[i];
-		int len = ce_namelen(ce);
+	for (i = o->pos; i < o->src_index->cache_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce2 = o->src_index->cache[i];
+		int len = ce_namelen(ce2);
 		if (len < namelen ||
-		    strncmp(ce->name, ce->name, namelen) ||
-		    ce->name[namelen] != '/')
+		    strncmp(ce->name, ce2->name, namelen) ||
+		    ce2->name[namelen] != '/')
 			break;
 		/*
-		 * ce->name is an entry in the subdirectory.
+		 * ce2->name is an entry in the subdirectory.
 		 */
-		if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
-			if (verify_uptodate(ce, o))
+		if (!ce_stage(ce2)) {
+			if (verify_uptodate(ce2, o))
 				return -1;
-			add_entry(o, ce, CE_REMOVE, 0);
+			add_entry(o, ce2, CE_REMOVE, 0);
 		}
 		cnt++;
 	}
@@ -548,7 +551,7 @@ static int verify_clean_subdirectory(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
 	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
 	if (o->dir)
 		d.exclude_per_dir = o->dir->exclude_per_dir;
-	i = read_directory(&d, ce->name, pathbuf, namelen+1, NULL);
+	i = read_directory(&d, pathbuf, namelen+1, NULL);
 	if (i)
 		return o->gently ? -1 :
 			error(ERRORMSG(o, not_uptodate_dir), ce->name);
@@ -584,11 +587,11 @@ static int verify_absent(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
 	if (o->index_only || o->reset || !o->update)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (has_symlink_leading_path(ce_namelen(ce), ce->name))
+	if (has_symlink_or_noent_leading_path(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce)))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!lstat(ce->name, &st)) {
-		int cnt;
+		int ret;
 		int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
 		struct cache_entry *result;
 
@@ -614,15 +617,17 @@ static int verify_absent(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
 			 * found "foo/." in the working tree.
 			 * This is tricky -- if we have modified
 			 * files that are in "foo/" we would lose
-			 * it.
+			 * them.
 			 */
-			cnt = verify_clean_subdirectory(ce, action, o);
+			ret = verify_clean_subdirectory(ce, action, o);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				return ret;
 
 			/*
 			 * If this removed entries from the index,
 			 * what that means is:
 			 *
-			 * (1) the caller unpack_trees_rec() saw path/foo
+			 * (1) the caller unpack_callback() saw path/foo
 			 * in the index, and it has not removed it because
 			 * it thinks it is handling 'path' as blob with
 			 * D/F conflict;
@@ -635,7 +640,7 @@ static int verify_absent(struct cache_entry *ce, const char *action,
 			 * We need to increment it by the number of
 			 * deleted entries here.
 			 */
-			o->pos += cnt;
+			o->pos += ret;
 			return 0;
 		}
 
@@ -890,7 +895,7 @@ int threeway_merge(struct cache_entry **stages, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
  * Two-way merge.
  *
  * The rule is to "carry forward" what is in the index without losing
- * information across a "fast forward", favoring a successful merge
+ * information across a "fast-forward", favoring a successful merge
  * over a merge failure when it makes sense.  For details of the
  * "carry forward" rule, please see <Documentation/git-read-tree.txt>.
  *
@@ -994,12 +999,12 @@ int oneway_merge(struct cache_entry **src, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 		return error("Cannot do a oneway merge of %d trees",
 			     o->merge_size);
 
-	if (!a)
+	if (!a || a == o->df_conflict_entry)
 		return deleted_entry(old, old, o);
 
 	if (old && same(old, a)) {
 		int update = 0;
-		if (o->reset) {
+		if (o->reset && !ce_uptodate(old)) {
 			struct stat st;
 			if (lstat(old->name, &st) ||
 			    ie_match_stat(o->src_index, old, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID))
diff --git a/unpack-trees.h b/unpack-trees.h
index 0d26f3d73..d19df44f4 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.h
+++ b/unpack-trees.h
@@ -17,17 +17,18 @@ struct unpack_trees_error_msgs {
 };
 
 struct unpack_trees_options {
-	unsigned int reset:1,
-		     merge:1,
-		     update:1,
-		     index_only:1,
-		     nontrivial_merge:1,
-		     trivial_merges_only:1,
-		     verbose_update:1,
-		     aggressive:1,
-		     skip_unmerged:1,
-		     initial_checkout:1,
-		     gently:1;
+	unsigned int reset,
+		     merge,
+		     update,
+		     index_only,
+		     nontrivial_merge,
+		     trivial_merges_only,
+		     verbose_update,
+		     aggressive,
+		     skip_unmerged,
+		     initial_checkout,
+		     diff_index_cached,
+		     gently;
 	const char *prefix;
 	int pos;
 	struct dir_struct *dir;
diff --git a/update-server-info.c b/update-server-info.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 7e8209ea4..000000000
--- a/update-server-info.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-
-static const char update_server_info_usage[] =
-"git update-server-info [--force]";
-
-int main(int ac, char **av)
-{
-	int i;
-	int force = 0;
-	for (i = 1; i < ac; i++) {
-		if (av[i][0] == '-') {
-			if (!strcmp("--force", av[i]) ||
-			    !strcmp("-f", av[i]))
-				force = 1;
-			else
-				usage(update_server_info_usage);
-		}
-	}
-	if (i != ac)
-		usage(update_server_info_usage);
-
-	setup_git_directory();
-
-	return !!update_server_info(force);
-}
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index e5adbc011..df151813f 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
-static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git-upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=nn] <dir>";
+static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=nn] <dir>";
 
 /* bits #0..7 in revision.h, #8..10 in commit.c */
 #define THEY_HAVE	(1u << 11)
@@ -28,15 +28,19 @@ static unsigned long oldest_have;
 
 static int multi_ack, nr_our_refs;
 static int use_thin_pack, use_ofs_delta, use_include_tag;
-static int no_progress;
+static int no_progress, daemon_mode;
+static int shallow_nr;
 static struct object_array have_obj;
 static struct object_array want_obj;
+static struct object_array extra_edge_obj;
 static unsigned int timeout;
 /* 0 for no sideband,
  * otherwise maximum packet size (up to 65520 bytes).
  */
 static int use_sideband;
 static int debug_fd;
+static int advertise_refs;
+static int stateless_rpc;
 
 static void reset_timeout(void)
 {
@@ -66,7 +70,7 @@ static ssize_t send_client_data(int fd, const char *data, ssize_t sz)
 }
 
 static FILE *pack_pipe = NULL;
-static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
+static void show_commit(struct commit *commit, void *data)
 {
 	if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY)
 		fputc('-', pack_pipe);
@@ -78,20 +82,22 @@ static void show_commit(struct commit *commit)
 	commit->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-static void show_object(struct object_array_entry *p)
+static void show_object(struct object *obj, const struct name_path *path, const char *component)
 {
 	/* An object with name "foo\n0000000..." can be used to
 	 * confuse downstream git-pack-objects very badly.
 	 */
-	const char *ep = strchr(p->name, '\n');
+	const char *name = path_name(path, component);
+	const char *ep = strchr(name, '\n');
 	if (ep) {
-		fprintf(pack_pipe, "%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1),
-		       (int) (ep - p->name),
-		       p->name);
+		fprintf(pack_pipe, "%s %.*s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1),
+		       (int) (ep - name),
+		       name);
 	}
 	else
 		fprintf(pack_pipe, "%s %s\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(p->item->sha1), p->name);
+				sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
+	free((char *)name);
 }
 
 static void show_edge(struct commit *commit)
@@ -104,9 +110,7 @@ static int do_rev_list(int fd, void *create_full_pack)
 	int i;
 	struct rev_info revs;
 
-	pack_pipe = fdopen(fd, "w");
-	if (create_full_pack)
-		use_thin_pack = 0; /* no point doing it */
+	pack_pipe = xfdopen(fd, "w");
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	revs.tag_objects = 1;
 	revs.tree_objects = 1;
@@ -134,7 +138,11 @@ static int do_rev_list(int fd, void *create_full_pack)
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	mark_edges_uninteresting(revs.commits, &revs, show_edge);
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object);
+	if (use_thin_pack)
+		for (i = 0; i < extra_edge_obj.nr; i++)
+			fprintf(pack_pipe, "-%s\n", sha1_to_hex(
+					extra_edge_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, NULL);
 	fflush(pack_pipe);
 	fclose(pack_pipe);
 	return 0;
@@ -153,13 +161,21 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 	const char *argv[10];
 	int arg = 0;
 
-	rev_list.proc = do_rev_list;
-	/* .data is just a boolean: any non-NULL value will do */
-	rev_list.data = create_full_pack ? &rev_list : NULL;
-	if (start_async(&rev_list))
-		die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-rev-list");
+	if (shallow_nr) {
+		rev_list.proc = do_rev_list;
+		rev_list.data = 0;
+		if (start_async(&rev_list))
+			die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-rev-list");
+		argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
+	} else {
+		argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
+		argv[arg++] = "--revs";
+		if (create_full_pack)
+			argv[arg++] = "--all";
+		else if (use_thin_pack)
+			argv[arg++] = "--thin";
+	}
 
-	argv[arg++] = "pack-objects";
 	argv[arg++] = "--stdout";
 	if (!no_progress)
 		argv[arg++] = "--progress";
@@ -170,7 +186,7 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 	argv[arg++] = NULL;
 
 	memset(&pack_objects, 0, sizeof(pack_objects));
-	pack_objects.in = rev_list.out;	/* start_command closes it */
+	pack_objects.in = shallow_nr ? rev_list.out : -1;
 	pack_objects.out = -1;
 	pack_objects.err = -1;
 	pack_objects.git_cmd = 1;
@@ -179,6 +195,24 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 	if (start_command(&pack_objects))
 		die("git upload-pack: unable to fork git-pack-objects");
 
+	/* pass on revisions we (don't) want */
+	if (!shallow_nr) {
+		FILE *pipe_fd = xfdopen(pack_objects.in, "w");
+		if (!create_full_pack) {
+			int i;
+			for (i = 0; i < want_obj.nr; i++)
+				fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(want_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
+			fprintf(pipe_fd, "--not\n");
+			for (i = 0; i < have_obj.nr; i++)
+				fprintf(pipe_fd, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(have_obj.objects[i].item->sha1));
+		}
+
+		fprintf(pipe_fd, "\n");
+		fflush(pipe_fd);
+		fclose(pipe_fd);
+	}
+
+
 	/* We read from pack_objects.err to capture stderr output for
 	 * progress bar, and pack_objects.out to capture the pack data.
 	 */
@@ -216,6 +250,23 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 			}
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (0 <= pe && (pfd[pe].revents & (POLLIN|POLLHUP))) {
+			/* Status ready; we ship that in the side-band
+			 * or dump to the standard error.
+			 */
+			sz = xread(pack_objects.err, progress,
+				  sizeof(progress));
+			if (0 < sz)
+				send_client_data(2, progress, sz);
+			else if (sz == 0) {
+				close(pack_objects.err);
+				pack_objects.err = -1;
+			}
+			else
+				goto fail;
+			/* give priority to status messages */
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (0 <= pu && (pfd[pu].revents & (POLLIN|POLLHUP))) {
 			/* Data ready; we keep the last byte to ourselves
 			 * in case we detect broken rev-list, so that we
@@ -235,7 +286,7 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 			sz = xread(pack_objects.out, cp,
 				  sizeof(data) - outsz);
 			if (0 < sz)
-					;
+				;
 			else if (sz == 0) {
 				close(pack_objects.out);
 				pack_objects.out = -1;
@@ -253,28 +304,13 @@ static void create_pack_file(void)
 			if (sz < 0)
 				goto fail;
 		}
-		if (0 <= pe && (pfd[pe].revents & (POLLIN|POLLHUP))) {
-			/* Status ready; we ship that in the side-band
-			 * or dump to the standard error.
-			 */
-			sz = xread(pack_objects.err, progress,
-				  sizeof(progress));
-			if (0 < sz)
-				send_client_data(2, progress, sz);
-			else if (sz == 0) {
-				close(pack_objects.err);
-				pack_objects.err = -1;
-			}
-			else
-				goto fail;
-		}
 	}
 
 	if (finish_command(&pack_objects)) {
 		error("git upload-pack: git-pack-objects died with error.");
 		goto fail;
 	}
-	if (finish_async(&rev_list))
+	if (shallow_nr && finish_async(&rev_list))
 		goto fail;	/* error was already reported */
 
 	/* flush the data */
@@ -396,37 +432,41 @@ static int get_common_commits(void)
 {
 	static char line[1000];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	char hex[41], last_hex[41];
-	int len;
+	char last_hex[41];
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 
-	for(;;) {
-		len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
+	for (;;) {
+		int len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
 		reset_timeout();
 
 		if (!len) {
 			if (have_obj.nr == 0 || multi_ack)
 				packet_write(1, "NAK\n");
+			if (stateless_rpc)
+				exit(0);
 			continue;
 		}
-		len = strip(line, len);
+		strip(line, len);
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "have ")) {
 			switch (got_sha1(line+5, sha1)) {
 			case -1: /* they have what we do not */
-				if (multi_ack && ok_to_give_up())
-					packet_write(1, "ACK %s continue\n",
-						     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				if (multi_ack && ok_to_give_up()) {
+					const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+					if (multi_ack == 2)
+						packet_write(1, "ACK %s ready\n", hex);
+					else
+						packet_write(1, "ACK %s continue\n", hex);
+				}
 				break;
 			default:
-				memcpy(hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 41);
-				if (multi_ack) {
-					const char *msg = "ACK %s continue\n";
-					packet_write(1, msg, hex);
-					memcpy(last_hex, hex, 41);
-				}
+				memcpy(last_hex, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 41);
+				if (multi_ack == 2)
+					packet_write(1, "ACK %s common\n", last_hex);
+				else if (multi_ack)
+					packet_write(1, "ACK %s continue\n", last_hex);
 				else if (have_obj.nr == 1)
-					packet_write(1, "ACK %s\n", hex);
+					packet_write(1, "ACK %s\n", last_hex);
 				break;
 			}
 			continue;
@@ -450,8 +490,9 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 	static char line[1000];
 	int len, depth = 0;
 
+	shallow_nr = 0;
 	if (debug_fd)
-		write_in_full(debug_fd, "#S\n", 3);
+		write_str_in_full(debug_fd, "#S\n");
 	for (;;) {
 		struct object *o;
 		unsigned char sha1_buf[20];
@@ -465,7 +506,6 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			struct object *object;
-			use_thin_pack = 0;
 			if (get_sha1(line + 8, sha1))
 				die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
 			object = parse_object(sha1);
@@ -477,7 +517,6 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(line, "deepen ")) {
 			char *end;
-			use_thin_pack = 0;
 			depth = strtol(line + 7, &end, 0);
 			if (end == line + 7 || depth <= 0)
 				die("Invalid deepen: %s", line);
@@ -487,7 +526,9 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		    get_sha1_hex(line+5, sha1_buf))
 			die("git upload-pack: protocol error, "
 			    "expected to get sha, not '%s'", line);
-		if (strstr(line+45, "multi_ack"))
+		if (strstr(line+45, "multi_ack_detailed"))
+			multi_ack = 2;
+		else if (strstr(line+45, "multi_ack"))
 			multi_ack = 1;
 		if (strstr(line+45, "thin-pack"))
 			use_thin_pack = 1;
@@ -519,7 +560,11 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 		}
 	}
 	if (debug_fd)
-		write_in_full(debug_fd, "#E\n", 3);
+		write_str_in_full(debug_fd, "#E\n");
+
+	if (!use_sideband && daemon_mode)
+		no_progress = 1;
+
 	if (depth == 0 && shallows.nr == 0)
 		return;
 	if (depth > 0) {
@@ -533,6 +578,7 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 				packet_write(1, "shallow %s",
 						sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
 				register_shallow(object->sha1);
+				shallow_nr++;
 			}
 			result = result->next;
 		}
@@ -555,6 +601,7 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 							NULL, &want_obj);
 					parents = parents->next;
 				}
+				add_object_array(object, NULL, &extra_edge_obj);
 			}
 			/* make sure commit traversal conforms to client */
 			register_shallow(object->sha1);
@@ -566,6 +613,8 @@ static void receive_needs(void)
 			for (i = 0; i < shallows.nr; i++)
 				register_shallow(shallows.objects[i].item->sha1);
 		}
+
+	shallow_nr += shallows.nr;
 	free(shallows.objects);
 }
 
@@ -573,7 +622,7 @@ static int send_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, vo
 {
 	static const char *capabilities = "multi_ack thin-pack side-band"
 		" side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress"
-		" include-tag";
+		" include-tag multi_ack_detailed";
 	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
 
 	if (!o)
@@ -597,12 +646,32 @@ static int send_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, vo
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int mark_our_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!o)
+		die("git upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (!(o->flags & OUR_REF)) {
+		o->flags |= OUR_REF;
+		nr_our_refs++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void upload_pack(void)
 {
-	reset_timeout();
-	head_ref(send_ref, NULL);
-	for_each_ref(send_ref, NULL);
-	packet_flush(1);
+	if (advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc) {
+		reset_timeout();
+		head_ref(send_ref, NULL);
+		for_each_ref(send_ref, NULL);
+		packet_flush(1);
+	} else {
+		head_ref(mark_our_ref, NULL);
+		for_each_ref(mark_our_ref, NULL);
+	}
+	if (advertise_refs)
+		return;
+
 	receive_needs();
 	if (want_obj.nr) {
 		get_common_commits();
@@ -616,17 +685,29 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int i;
 	int strict = 0;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	read_replace_refs = 0;
+
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		char *arg = argv[i];
 
 		if (arg[0] != '-')
 			break;
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--advertise-refs")) {
+			advertise_refs = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "--stateless-rpc")) {
+			stateless_rpc = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--strict")) {
 			strict = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--timeout=")) {
 			timeout = atoi(arg+10);
+			daemon_mode = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
@@ -643,7 +724,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	dir = argv[i];
 
 	if (!enter_repo(dir, strict))
-		die("'%s': unable to chdir or not a git archive", dir);
+		die("'%s' does not appear to be a git repository", dir);
 	if (is_repository_shallow())
 		die("attempt to fetch/clone from a shallow repository");
 	if (getenv("GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK"))
diff --git a/usage.c b/usage.c
index 24f5fc00c..79856a2b9 100644
--- a/usage.c
+++ b/usage.c
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@
 
 static void report(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
-	char msg[256];
+	char msg[4096];
 	vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), err, params);
 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\n", prefix, msg);
 }
 
-static NORETURN void usage_builtin(const char *err)
+static NORETURN void usage_builtin(const char *err, va_list params)
 {
-	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s\n", err);
+	report("usage: ", err, params);
 	exit(129);
 }
 
@@ -36,19 +36,28 @@ static void warn_builtin(const char *warn, va_list params)
 
 /* If we are in a dlopen()ed .so write to a global variable would segfault
  * (ugh), so keep things static. */
-static void (*usage_routine)(const char *err) NORETURN = usage_builtin;
-static void (*die_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) NORETURN = die_builtin;
+static NORETURN_PTR void (*usage_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = usage_builtin;
+static NORETURN_PTR void (*die_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = die_builtin;
 static void (*error_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = error_builtin;
 static void (*warn_routine)(const char *err, va_list params) = warn_builtin;
 
-void set_die_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params) NORETURN)
+void set_die_routine(NORETURN_PTR void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params))
 {
 	die_routine = routine;
 }
 
+void usagef(const char *err, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+
+	va_start(params, err);
+	usage_routine(err, params);
+	va_end(params);
+}
+
 void usage(const char *err)
 {
-	usage_routine(err);
+	usagef("%s", err);
 }
 
 void die(const char *err, ...)
@@ -60,6 +69,34 @@ void die(const char *err, ...)
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
+void die_errno(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+	char fmt_with_err[1024];
+	char str_error[256], *err;
+	int i, j;
+
+	err = strerror(errno);
+	for (i = j = 0; err[i] && j < sizeof(str_error) - 1; ) {
+		if ((str_error[j++] = err[i++]) != '%')
+			continue;
+		if (j < sizeof(str_error) - 1) {
+			str_error[j++] = '%';
+		} else {
+			/* No room to double the '%', so we overwrite it with
+			 * '\0' below */
+			j--;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	str_error[j] = 0;
+	snprintf(fmt_with_err, sizeof(fmt_with_err), "%s: %s", fmt, str_error);
+
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	die_routine(fmt_with_err, params);
+	va_end(params);
+}
+
 int error(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
diff --git a/userdiff.c b/userdiff.c
index 3681062eb..57529ae63 100644
--- a/userdiff.c
+++ b/userdiff.c
@@ -6,35 +6,82 @@ static struct userdiff_driver *drivers;
 static int ndrivers;
 static int drivers_alloc;
 
-#define FUNCNAME(name, pattern) \
-	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED } }
+#define PATTERNS(name, pattern, word_regex)			\
+	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED }, word_regex }
 static struct userdiff_driver builtin_drivers[] = {
-FUNCNAME("html", "^[ \t]*(<[Hh][1-6][ \t].*>.*)$"),
-FUNCNAME("java",
+PATTERNS("html", "^[ \t]*(<[Hh][1-6][ \t].*>.*)$",
+	 "[^<>= \t]+|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("java",
 	 "!^[ \t]*(catch|do|for|if|instanceof|new|return|switch|throw|while)\n"
-	 "^[ \t]*(([ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*){2,}[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$"),
-FUNCNAME("objc",
+	 "^[ \t]*(([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]+)+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]="
+	 "|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>>?=?|&&|\\|\\|"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("objc",
 	 /* Negate C statements that can look like functions */
 	 "!^[ \t]*(do|for|if|else|return|switch|while)\n"
 	 /* Objective-C methods */
 	 "^[ \t]*([-+][ \t]*\\([ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9* \t]*\\)[ \t]*[A-Za-z_].*)$\n"
 	 /* C functions */
-	 "^[ \t]*(([ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*){2,}[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$\n"
+	 "^[ \t]*(([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]+)+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$\n"
 	 /* Objective-C class/protocol definitions */
-	 "^(@(implementation|interface|protocol)[ \t].*)$"),
-FUNCNAME("pascal",
+	 "^(@(implementation|interface|protocol)[ \t].*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("pascal",
 	 "^((procedure|function|constructor|destructor|interface|"
 		"implementation|initialization|finalization)[ \t]*.*)$"
 	 "\n"
-	 "^(.*=[ \t]*(class|record).*)$"),
-FUNCNAME("php", "^[\t ]*((function|class).*)"),
-FUNCNAME("python", "^[ \t]*((class|def)[ \t].*)$"),
-FUNCNAME("ruby", "^[ \t]*((class|module|def)[ \t].*)$"),
-FUNCNAME("bibtex", "(@[a-zA-Z]{1,}[ \t]*\\{{0,1}[ \t]*[^ \t\"@',\\#}{~%]*).*$"),
-FUNCNAME("tex", "^(\\\\((sub)*section|chapter|part)\\*{0,1}\\{.*)$"),
+	 "^(.*=[ \t]*(class|record).*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+"
+	 "|<>|<=|>=|:=|\\.\\."
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("php", "^[\t ]*((function|class).*)",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!.]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|===|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("python", "^[ \t]*((class|def)[ \t].*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[jJlL]?|0[xX]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|//=?|<<=?|>>=?|\\*\\*=?"
+	 "|[^[:space:]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+	 /* -- */
+PATTERNS("ruby", "^[ \t]*((class|module|def)[ \t].*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "(@|@@|\\$)?[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+|\\?(\\\\C-)?(\\\\M-)?."
+	 "|//=?|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|<<=?|>>=?|===|\\.{1,3}|::|[!=]~"
+	 "|[^[:space:]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
+PATTERNS("bibtex", "(@[a-zA-Z]{1,}[ \t]*\\{{0,1}[ \t]*[^ \t\"@',\\#}{~%]*).*$",
+	 "[={}\"]|[^={}\" \t]+"),
+PATTERNS("tex", "^(\\\\((sub)*section|chapter|part)\\*{0,1}\\{.*)$",
+	 "\\\\[a-zA-Z@]+|\\\\.|[a-zA-Z0-9\x80-\xff]+|[^[:space:]]"),
+PATTERNS("cpp",
+	 /* Jump targets or access declarations */
+	 "!^[ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*:.*$\n"
+	 /* C/++ functions/methods at top level */
+	 "^([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t]+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t]*::[ \t]*[^[:space:]]+)?){1,}[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$\n"
+	 /* compound type at top level */
+	 "^((struct|class|enum)[^;]*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
+	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]=|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>=?|&&|\\|\\||::|->"
+	 "|[^[:space:]]|[\x80-\xff]+"),
 { "default", NULL, -1, { NULL, 0 } },
 };
-#undef FUNCNAME
+#undef PATTERNS
 
 static struct userdiff_driver driver_true = {
 	"diff=true",
@@ -134,6 +181,8 @@ int userdiff_config(const char *k, const char *v)
 		return parse_string(&drv->external, k, v);
 	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "textconv")))
 		return parse_string(&drv->textconv, k, v);
+	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "wordregex")))
+		return parse_string(&drv->word_regex, k, v);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/userdiff.h b/userdiff.h
index ba2945770..c3151594f 100644
--- a/userdiff.h
+++ b/userdiff.h
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ struct userdiff_driver {
 	const char *external;
 	int binary;
 	struct userdiff_funcname funcname;
+	const char *word_regex;
 	const char *textconv;
 };
 
diff --git a/utf8.c b/utf8.c
index dc3735364..7ddff23fa 100644
--- a/utf8.c
+++ b/utf8.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 
 /* This code is originally from http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/ */
@@ -246,6 +247,25 @@ int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p)
 	return git_wcwidth(ch);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns the total number of columns required by a null-terminated
+ * string, assuming that the string is utf8.  Returns strlen() instead
+ * if the string does not look like a valid utf8 string.
+ */
+int utf8_strwidth(const char *string)
+{
+	int width = 0;
+	const char *orig = string;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (!string)
+			return strlen(orig);
+		if (!*string)
+			return width;
+		width += utf8_width(&string, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
 int is_utf8(const char *text)
 {
 	while (*text) {
@@ -260,14 +280,52 @@ int is_utf8(const char *text)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void print_spaces(int count)
+static inline void strbuf_write(struct strbuf *sb, const char *buf, int len)
+{
+	if (sb)
+		strbuf_insert(sb, sb->len, buf, len);
+	else
+		fwrite(buf, len, 1, stdout);
+}
+
+static void print_spaces(struct strbuf *buf, int count)
 {
 	static const char s[] = "                    ";
 	while (count >= sizeof(s)) {
-		fwrite(s, sizeof(s) - 1, 1, stdout);
+		strbuf_write(buf, s, sizeof(s) - 1);
 		count -= sizeof(s) - 1;
 	}
-	fwrite(s, count, 1, stdout);
+	strbuf_write(buf, s, count);
+}
+
+static void strbuf_add_indented_text(struct strbuf *buf, const char *text,
+				     int indent, int indent2)
+{
+	if (indent < 0)
+		indent = 0;
+	while (*text) {
+		const char *eol = strchrnul(text, '\n');
+		if (*eol == '\n')
+			eol++;
+		print_spaces(buf, indent);
+		strbuf_write(buf, text, eol - text);
+		text = eol;
+		indent = indent2;
+	}
+}
+
+static size_t display_mode_esc_sequence_len(const char *s)
+{
+	const char *p = s;
+	if (*p++ != '\033')
+		return 0;
+	if (*p++ != '[')
+		return 0;
+	while (isdigit(*p) || *p == ';')
+		p++;
+	if (*p++ != 'm')
+		return 0;
+	return p - s;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -276,36 +334,62 @@ static void print_spaces(int count)
  * If indent is negative, assume that already -indent columns have been
  * consumed (and no extra indent is necessary for the first line).
  */
-int print_wrapped_text(const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width)
+int strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
+		const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width)
 {
 	int w = indent, assume_utf8 = is_utf8(text);
 	const char *bol = text, *space = NULL;
 
+	if (width <= 0) {
+		strbuf_add_indented_text(buf, text, indent, indent2);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
 	if (indent < 0) {
 		w = -indent;
 		space = text;
 	}
 
 	for (;;) {
-		char c = *text;
+		char c;
+		size_t skip;
+
+		while ((skip = display_mode_esc_sequence_len(text)))
+			text += skip;
+
+		c = *text;
 		if (!c || isspace(c)) {
 			if (w < width || !space) {
 				const char *start = bol;
+				if (!c && text == start)
+					return w;
 				if (space)
 					start = space;
 				else
-					print_spaces(indent);
-				fwrite(start, text - start, 1, stdout);
+					print_spaces(buf, indent);
+				strbuf_write(buf, start, text - start);
 				if (!c)
 					return w;
-				else if (c == '\t')
-					w |= 0x07;
 				space = text;
+				if (c == '\t')
+					w |= 0x07;
+				else if (c == '\n') {
+					space++;
+					if (*space == '\n') {
+						strbuf_write(buf, "\n", 1);
+						goto new_line;
+					}
+					else if (!isalnum(*space))
+						goto new_line;
+					else
+						strbuf_write(buf, " ", 1);
+				}
 				w++;
 				text++;
 			}
 			else {
-				putchar('\n');
+new_line:
+				strbuf_write(buf, "\n", 1);
 				text = bol = space + isspace(*space);
 				space = NULL;
 				w = indent = indent2;
@@ -321,6 +405,11 @@ int print_wrapped_text(const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width)
 	}
 }
 
+int print_wrapped_text(const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width)
+{
+	return strbuf_add_wrapped_text(NULL, text, indent, indent2, width);
+}
+
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
 {
 	if (!name)
@@ -335,7 +424,7 @@ int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
  * with iconv.  If the conversion fails, returns NULL.
  */
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
-#ifdef OLD_ICONV
+#if defined(OLD_ICONV) || (defined(__sun__) && !defined(_XPG6))
 	typedef const char * iconv_ibp;
 #else
 	typedef char * iconv_ibp;
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
index 98cce1b03..ae30ae4c6 100644
--- a/utf8.h
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -5,10 +5,13 @@ typedef unsigned int ucs_char_t;  /* assuming 32bit int */
 
 ucs_char_t pick_one_utf8_char(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p);
 int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p);
+int utf8_strwidth(const char *string);
 int is_utf8(const char *text);
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name);
 
 int print_wrapped_text(const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int len);
+int strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
+		const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width);
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
 char *reencode_string(const char *in, const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding);
diff --git a/var.c b/var.c
index f1eb314e8..d9892f85c 100644
--- a/var.c
+++ b/var.c
@@ -4,9 +4,29 @@
  * Copyright (C) Eric Biederman, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char var_usage[] = "git var [-l | <variable>]";
 
+static const char *editor(int flag)
+{
+	const char *pgm = git_editor();
+
+	if (!pgm && flag & IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME)
+		die("Terminal is dumb, but EDITOR unset");
+
+	return pgm;
+}
+
+static const char *pager(int flag)
+{
+	const char *pgm = git_pager();
+
+	if (!pgm)
+		pgm = "cat";
+	return pgm;
+}
+
 struct git_var {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *(*read)(int);
@@ -14,15 +34,19 @@ struct git_var {
 static struct git_var git_vars[] = {
 	{ "GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT", git_committer_info },
 	{ "GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT",   git_author_info },
+	{ "GIT_EDITOR", editor },
+	{ "GIT_PAGER", pager },
 	{ "", NULL },
 };
 
 static void list_vars(void)
 {
 	struct git_var *ptr;
-	for(ptr = git_vars; ptr->read; ptr++) {
-		printf("%s=%s\n", ptr->name, ptr->read(IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME));
-	}
+	const char *val;
+
+	for (ptr = git_vars; ptr->read; ptr++)
+		if ((val = ptr->read(0)))
+			printf("%s=%s\n", ptr->name, val);
 }
 
 static const char *read_var(const char *var)
@@ -30,7 +54,7 @@ static const char *read_var(const char *var)
 	struct git_var *ptr;
 	const char *val;
 	val = NULL;
-	for(ptr = git_vars; ptr->read; ptr++) {
+	for (ptr = git_vars; ptr->read; ptr++) {
 		if (strcmp(var, ptr->name) == 0) {
 			val = ptr->read(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
 			break;
@@ -56,6 +80,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		usage(var_usage);
 	}
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 	val = NULL;
 
diff --git a/walker.c b/walker.c
index 679adab6a..11d9052ed 100644
--- a/walker.c
+++ b/walker.c
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ void walker_say(struct walker *walker, const char *fmt, const char *hex)
 static void report_missing(const struct object *obj)
 {
 	char missing_hex[41];
-	strcpy(missing_hex, sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));;
+	strcpy(missing_hex, sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	fprintf(stderr, "Cannot obtain needed %s %s\n",
 		obj->type ? typename(obj->type): "object", missing_hex);
 	if (!is_null_sha1(current_commit_sha1))
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ void walker_targets_free(int targets, char **target, const char **write_ref)
 {
 	while (targets--) {
 		free(target[targets]);
-		if (write_ref && write_ref[targets])
+		if (write_ref)
 			free((char *) write_ref[targets]);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/wrapper.c b/wrapper.c
index 93562f03e..c9be1400c 100644
--- a/wrapper.c
+++ b/wrapper.c
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ void *xmmap(void *start, size_t length,
 		release_pack_memory(length, fd);
 		ret = mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
 		if (ret == MAP_FAILED)
-			die("Out of memory? mmap failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+			die_errno("Out of memory? mmap failed");
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ int xdup(int fd)
 {
 	int ret = dup(fd);
 	if (ret < 0)
-		die("dup failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("dup failed");
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ FILE *xfdopen(int fd, const char *mode)
 {
 	FILE *stream = fdopen(fd, mode);
 	if (stream == NULL)
-		die("Out of memory? fdopen failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Out of memory? fdopen failed");
 	return stream;
 }
 
@@ -193,6 +193,115 @@ int xmkstemp(char *template)
 
 	fd = mkstemp(template);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die("Unable to create temporary file: %s", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("Unable to create temporary file");
 	return fd;
 }
+
+/*
+ * zlib wrappers to make sure we don't silently miss errors
+ * at init time.
+ */
+void git_inflate_init(z_streamp strm)
+{
+	const char *err;
+
+	switch (inflateInit(strm)) {
+	case Z_OK:
+		return;
+
+	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
+		err = "out of memory";
+		break;
+	case Z_VERSION_ERROR:
+		err = "wrong version";
+		break;
+	default:
+		err = "error";
+	}
+	die("inflateInit: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
+}
+
+void git_inflate_end(z_streamp strm)
+{
+	if (inflateEnd(strm) != Z_OK)
+		error("inflateEnd: %s", strm->msg ? strm->msg : "failed");
+}
+
+int git_inflate(z_streamp strm, int flush)
+{
+	int ret = inflate(strm, flush);
+	const char *err;
+
+	switch (ret) {
+	/* Out of memory is fatal. */
+	case Z_MEM_ERROR:
+		die("inflate: out of memory");
+
+	/* Data corruption errors: we may want to recover from them (fsck) */
+	case Z_NEED_DICT:
+		err = "needs dictionary"; break;
+	case Z_DATA_ERROR:
+		err = "data stream error"; break;
+	case Z_STREAM_ERROR:
+		err = "stream consistency error"; break;
+	default:
+		err = "unknown error"; break;
+
+	/* Z_BUF_ERROR: normal, needs more space in the output buffer */
+	case Z_BUF_ERROR:
+	case Z_OK:
+	case Z_STREAM_END:
+		return ret;
+	}
+	error("inflate: %s (%s)", err, strm->msg ? strm->msg : "no message");
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int odb_mkstemp(char *template, size_t limit, const char *pattern)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
+		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
+	fd = mkstemp(template);
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		return fd;
+
+	/* slow path */
+	/* some mkstemp implementations erase template on failure */
+	snprintf(template, limit, "%s/%s",
+		 get_object_directory(), pattern);
+	safe_create_leading_directories(template);
+	return xmkstemp(template);
+}
+
+int odb_pack_keep(char *name, size_t namesz, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	snprintf(name, namesz, "%s/pack/pack-%s.keep",
+		 get_object_directory(), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+	if (0 <= fd)
+		return fd;
+
+	/* slow path */
+	safe_create_leading_directories(name);
+	return open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
+}
+
+int unlink_or_warn(const char *file)
+{
+	int rc = unlink(file);
+
+	if (rc < 0) {
+		int err = errno;
+		if (ENOENT != err) {
+			warning("unable to unlink %s: %s",
+				file, strerror(errno));
+			errno = err;
+		}
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
diff --git a/write_or_die.c b/write_or_die.c
index 4c29255df..d45b53602 100644
--- a/write_or_die.c
+++ b/write_or_die.c
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *f, const char *desc)
 		 */
 		if (errno == EPIPE || errno == EINVAL)
 			exit(0);
-		die("write failure on %s: %s", desc, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("write failure on '%s'", desc);
 	}
 }
 
 void fsync_or_die(int fd, const char *msg)
 {
 	if (fsync(fd) < 0) {
-		die("%s: fsync error (%s)", msg, strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("fsync error on '%s'", msg);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ void write_or_die(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf, count) < 0) {
 		if (errno == EPIPE)
 			exit(0);
-		die("write error (%s)", strerror(errno));
+		die_errno("write error");
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/ws.c b/ws.c
index b1efcd9d7..760b5743f 100644
--- a/ws.c
+++ b/ws.c
@@ -10,11 +10,14 @@
 static struct whitespace_rule {
 	const char *rule_name;
 	unsigned rule_bits;
+	unsigned loosens_error;
 } whitespace_rule_names[] = {
-	{ "trailing-space", WS_TRAILING_SPACE },
-	{ "space-before-tab", WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB },
-	{ "indent-with-non-tab", WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB },
-	{ "cr-at-eol", WS_CR_AT_EOL },
+	{ "trailing-space", WS_TRAILING_SPACE, 0 },
+	{ "space-before-tab", WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB, 0 },
+	{ "indent-with-non-tab", WS_INDENT_WITH_NON_TAB, 0 },
+	{ "cr-at-eol", WS_CR_AT_EOL, 1 },
+	{ "blank-at-eol", WS_BLANK_AT_EOL, 0 },
+	{ "blank-at-eof", WS_BLANK_AT_EOF, 0 },
 };
 
 unsigned parse_whitespace_rule(const char *string)
@@ -79,7 +82,8 @@ unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *pathname)
 			unsigned all_rule = 0;
 			int i;
 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(whitespace_rule_names); i++)
-				all_rule |= whitespace_rule_names[i].rule_bits;
+				if (!whitespace_rule_names[i].loosens_error)
+					all_rule |= whitespace_rule_names[i].rule_bits;
 			return all_rule;
 		} else if (ATTR_FALSE(value)) {
 			/* false (-whitespace) */
@@ -100,8 +104,17 @@ unsigned whitespace_rule(const char *pathname)
 char *whitespace_error_string(unsigned ws)
 {
 	struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
-	if (ws & WS_TRAILING_SPACE)
+	if ((ws & WS_TRAILING_SPACE) == WS_TRAILING_SPACE)
 		strbuf_addstr(&err, "trailing whitespace");
+	else {
+		if (ws & WS_BLANK_AT_EOL)
+			strbuf_addstr(&err, "trailing whitespace");
+		if (ws & WS_BLANK_AT_EOF) {
+			if (err.len)
+				strbuf_addstr(&err, ", ");
+			strbuf_addstr(&err, "new blank line at EOF");
+		}
+	}
 	if (ws & WS_SPACE_BEFORE_TAB) {
 		if (err.len)
 			strbuf_addstr(&err, ", ");
@@ -139,11 +152,11 @@ static unsigned ws_check_emit_1(const char *line, int len, unsigned ws_rule,
 	}
 
 	/* Check for trailing whitespace. */
-	if (ws_rule & WS_TRAILING_SPACE) {
+	if (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOL) {
 		for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
 			if (isspace(line[i])) {
 				trailing_whitespace = i;
-				result |= WS_TRAILING_SPACE;
+				result |= WS_BLANK_AT_EOL;
 			}
 			else
 				break;
@@ -259,12 +272,11 @@ int ws_fix_copy(char *dst, const char *src, int len, unsigned ws_rule, int *erro
 	/*
 	 * Strip trailing whitespace
 	 */
-	if ((ws_rule & WS_TRAILING_SPACE) &&
-	    (2 <= len && isspace(src[len-2]))) {
-		if (src[len - 1] == '\n') {
+	if (ws_rule & WS_BLANK_AT_EOL) {
+		if (0 < len && src[len - 1] == '\n') {
 			add_nl_to_tail = 1;
 			len--;
-			if (1 < len && src[len - 1] == '\r') {
+			if (0 < len && src[len - 1] == '\r') {
 				add_cr_to_tail = !!(ws_rule & WS_CR_AT_EOL);
 				len--;
 			}
diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index 3edae43ce..38eb24536 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "wt-status.h"
-#include "color.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "commit.h"
@@ -11,38 +10,18 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 
-int wt_status_relative_paths = 1;
-int wt_status_use_color = -1;
-int wt_status_submodule_summary;
-static char wt_status_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
-	"",         /* WT_STATUS_HEADER: normal */
-	"\033[32m", /* WT_STATUS_UPDATED: green */
-	"\033[31m", /* WT_STATUS_CHANGED: red */
-	"\033[31m", /* WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED: red */
-	"\033[31m", /* WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH: red */
+static char default_wt_status_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
+	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, /* WT_STATUS_HEADER */
+	GIT_COLOR_GREEN,  /* WT_STATUS_UPDATED */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_CHANGED */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH */
+	GIT_COLOR_RED,    /* WT_STATUS_UNMERGED */
 };
 
-enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
-
-static int parse_status_slot(const char *var, int offset)
-{
-	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "header"))
-		return WT_STATUS_HEADER;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "updated")
-		|| !strcasecmp(var+offset, "added"))
-		return WT_STATUS_UPDATED;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "changed"))
-		return WT_STATUS_CHANGED;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "untracked"))
-		return WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED;
-	if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "nobranch"))
-		return WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH;
-	die("bad config variable '%s'", var);
-}
-
-static const char* color(int slot)
+static const char *color(int slot, struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	return wt_status_use_color > 0 ? wt_status_colors[slot] : "";
+	return s->use_color > 0 ? s->color_palette[slot] : "";
 }
 
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -51,17 +30,40 @@ void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
 	const char *head;
 
 	memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
+	memcpy(s->color_palette, default_wt_status_colors,
+	       sizeof(default_wt_status_colors));
+	s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
+	s->use_color = -1;
+	s->relative_paths = 1;
 	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
 	s->branch = head ? xstrdup(head) : NULL;
 	s->reference = "HEAD";
 	s->fp = stdout;
 	s->index_file = get_index_file();
+	s->change.strdup_strings = 1;
+	s->untracked.strdup_strings = 1;
+}
+
+static void wt_status_print_unmerged_header(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Unmerged paths:");
+	if (!advice_status_hints)
+		return;
+	if (!s->is_initial)
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", s->reference);
+	else
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
+	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changes to be committed:");
+	if (!advice_status_hints)
+		return;
 	if (!s->is_initial) {
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", s->reference);
 	} else {
@@ -73,8 +75,10 @@ static void wt_status_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
 static void wt_status_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
 					 int has_deleted)
 {
-	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
+	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changed but not updated:");
+	if (!advice_status_hints)
+		return;
 	if (!has_deleted)
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)");
 	else
@@ -85,31 +89,73 @@ static void wt_status_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
 
 static void wt_status_print_untracked_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
+	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Untracked files:");
+	if (!advice_status_hints)
+		return;
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)");
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_trailer(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
 }
 
 #define quote_path quote_path_relative
 
-static void wt_status_print_filepair(struct wt_status *s,
-				     int t, struct diff_filepair *p)
+static void wt_status_print_unmerged_data(struct wt_status *s,
+					  struct string_list_item *it)
+{
+	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_UNMERGED, s);
+	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
+	struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *one, *how = "bug";
+
+	one = quote_path(it->string, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
+	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
+	switch (d->stagemask) {
+	case 1: how = "both deleted:"; break;
+	case 2: how = "added by us:"; break;
+	case 3: how = "deleted by them:"; break;
+	case 4: how = "added by them:"; break;
+	case 5: how = "deleted by us:"; break;
+	case 6: how = "both added:"; break;
+	case 7: how = "both modified:"; break;
+	}
+	color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "%-20s%s\n", how, one);
+	strbuf_release(&onebuf);
+}
+
+static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
+					int change_type,
+					struct string_list_item *it)
 {
-	const char *c = color(t);
+	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
+	const char *c = color(change_type, s);
+	int status = status;
+	char *one_name;
+	char *two_name;
 	const char *one, *two;
 	struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT, twobuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	one = quote_path(p->one->path, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
-	two = quote_path(p->two->path, -1, &twobuf, s->prefix);
+	one_name = two_name = it->string;
+	switch (change_type) {
+	case WT_STATUS_UPDATED:
+		status = d->index_status;
+		if (d->head_path)
+			one_name = d->head_path;
+		break;
+	case WT_STATUS_CHANGED:
+		status = d->worktree_status;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	one = quote_path(one_name, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
+	two = quote_path(two_name, -1, &twobuf, s->prefix);
 
-	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#\t");
-	switch (p->status) {
+	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
+	switch (status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "new file:   %s", one);
 		break;
@@ -135,64 +181,114 @@ static void wt_status_print_filepair(struct wt_status *s,
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "unmerged:   %s", one);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("bug: unhandled diff status %c", p->status);
+		die("bug: unhandled diff status %c", status);
 	}
 	fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
 	strbuf_release(&onebuf);
 	strbuf_release(&twobuf);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_updated_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
-		struct diff_options *options,
-		void *data)
+static void wt_status_collect_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+					 struct diff_options *options,
+					 void *data)
 {
 	struct wt_status *s = data;
-	int shown_header = 0;
 	int i;
+
+	if (!q->nr)
+		return;
+	s->workdir_dirty = 1;
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
-		if (q->queue[i]->status == 'U')
-			continue;
-		if (!shown_header) {
-			wt_status_print_cached_header(s);
-			s->commitable = 1;
-			shown_header = 1;
+		struct diff_filepair *p;
+		struct string_list_item *it;
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+
+		p = q->queue[i];
+		it = string_list_insert(p->one->path, &s->change);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (!d) {
+			d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+			it->util = d;
 		}
-		wt_status_print_filepair(s, WT_STATUS_UPDATED, q->queue[i]);
+		if (!d->worktree_status)
+			d->worktree_status = p->status;
 	}
-	if (shown_header)
-		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
-                        struct diff_options *options,
-                        void *data)
+static int unmerged_mask(const char *path)
+{
+	int pos, mask;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+	if (0 <= pos)
+		return 0;
+
+	mask = 0;
+	pos = -pos-1;
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		if (strcmp(ce->name, path) || !ce_stage(ce))
+			break;
+		mask |= (1 << (ce_stage(ce) - 1));
+	}
+	return mask;
+}
+
+static void wt_status_collect_updated_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
+					 struct diff_options *options,
+					 void *data)
 {
 	struct wt_status *s = data;
 	int i;
-	if (q->nr) {
-		int has_deleted = 0;
-		s->workdir_dirty = 1;
-		for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
-			if (q->queue[i]->status == DIFF_STATUS_DELETED) {
-				has_deleted = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-		wt_status_print_dirty_header(s, has_deleted);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		struct diff_filepair *p;
+		struct string_list_item *it;
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+
+		p = q->queue[i];
+		it = string_list_insert(p->two->path, &s->change);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (!d) {
+			d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+			it->util = d;
+		}
+		if (!d->index_status)
+			d->index_status = p->status;
+		switch (p->status) {
+		case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
+		case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
+			d->head_path = xstrdup(p->one->path);
+			break;
+		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
+			d->stagemask = unmerged_mask(p->two->path);
+			break;
+		}
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++)
-		wt_status_print_filepair(s, WT_STATUS_CHANGED, q->queue[i]);
-	if (q->nr)
-		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
-static void wt_status_print_updated(struct wt_status *s)
+static void wt_status_collect_changes_worktree(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
+	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_collect_changed_cb;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
+	run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
+}
+
+static void wt_status_collect_changes_index(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev,
 		s->is_initial ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : s->reference);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
-	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_print_updated_cb;
+	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_collect_updated_cb;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
 	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
 	rev.diffopt.rename_limit = 200;
@@ -200,15 +296,155 @@ static void wt_status_print_updated(struct wt_status *s)
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 1);
 }
 
+static void wt_status_collect_changes_initial(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *it;
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+
+		it = string_list_insert(ce->name, &s->change);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (!d) {
+			d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*d));
+			it->util = d;
+		}
+		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+			d->index_status = DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED;
+			d->stagemask |= (1 << (ce_stage(ce) - 1));
+		}
+		else
+			d->index_status = DIFF_STATUS_ADDED;
+	}
+}
+
+static void wt_status_collect_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+
+	if (!s->show_untracked_files)
+		return;
+	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	if (s->show_untracked_files != SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES)
+		dir.flags |=
+			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES | DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
+	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
+
+	fill_directory(&dir, NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
+		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
+		if (!cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len))
+			continue;
+		s->workdir_untracked = 1;
+		string_list_insert(ent->name, &s->untracked);
+	}
+}
+
+void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	wt_status_collect_changes_worktree(s);
+
+	if (s->is_initial)
+		wt_status_collect_changes_initial(s);
+	else
+		wt_status_collect_changes_index(s);
+	wt_status_collect_untracked(s);
+}
+
+static void wt_status_print_unmerged(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int shown_header = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+		struct string_list_item *it;
+		it = &(s->change.items[i]);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (!d->stagemask)
+			continue;
+		if (!shown_header) {
+			wt_status_print_unmerged_header(s);
+			shown_header = 1;
+		}
+		wt_status_print_unmerged_data(s, it);
+	}
+	if (shown_header)
+		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+
+}
+
+static void wt_status_print_updated(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int shown_header = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+		struct string_list_item *it;
+		it = &(s->change.items[i]);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (!d->index_status ||
+		    d->index_status == DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED)
+			continue;
+		if (!shown_header) {
+			wt_status_print_cached_header(s);
+			s->commitable = 1;
+			shown_header = 1;
+		}
+		wt_status_print_change_data(s, WT_STATUS_UPDATED, it);
+	}
+	if (shown_header)
+		wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
+/*
+ * -1 : has delete
+ *  0 : no change
+ *  1 : some change but no delete
+ */
+static int wt_status_check_worktree_changes(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int i;
+	int changes = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+		d = s->change.items[i].util;
+		if (!d->worktree_status ||
+		    d->worktree_status == DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED)
+			continue;
+		changes = 1;
+		if (d->worktree_status == DIFF_STATUS_DELETED)
+			return -1;
+	}
+	return changes;
+}
+
 static void wt_status_print_changed(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	struct rev_info rev;
-	init_revisions(&rev, "");
-	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
-	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
-	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_print_changed_cb;
-	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
-	run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
+	int i;
+	int worktree_changes = wt_status_check_worktree_changes(s);
+
+	if (!worktree_changes)
+		return;
+
+	wt_status_print_dirty_header(s, worktree_changes < 0);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+		struct string_list_item *it;
+		it = &(s->change.items[i]);
+		d = it->util;
+		if (!d->worktree_status ||
+		    d->worktree_status == DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED)
+			continue;
+		wt_status_print_change_data(s, WT_STATUS_CHANGED, it);
+	}
+	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
 }
 
 static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -228,7 +464,7 @@ static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s)
 		NULL
 	};
 
-	sprintf(summary_limit, "%d", wt_status_submodule_summary);
+	sprintf(summary_limit, "%d", s->submodule_summary);
 	snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", s->index_file);
 
 	memset(&sm_summary, 0, sizeof(sm_summary));
@@ -243,33 +479,20 @@ static void wt_status_print_submodule_summary(struct wt_status *s)
 
 static void wt_status_print_untracked(struct wt_status *s)
 {
-	struct dir_struct dir;
 	int i;
-	int shown_header = 0;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	if (!s->untracked.nr)
+		return;
 
-	if (!s->untracked) {
-		dir.show_other_directories = 1;
-		dir.hide_empty_directories = 1;
-	}
-	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
-
-	read_directory(&dir, ".", "", 0, NULL);
-	for(i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
-		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
-		if (!cache_name_is_other(ent->name, ent->len))
-			continue;
-		if (!shown_header) {
-			s->workdir_untracked = 1;
-			wt_status_print_untracked_header(s);
-			shown_header = 1;
-		}
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#\t");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED), "%s",
-				quote_path(ent->name, ent->len,
-					&buf, s->prefix));
+	wt_status_print_untracked_header(s);
+	for (i = 0; i < s->untracked.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *it;
+		it = &(s->untracked.items[i]);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED, s), "%s",
+				 quote_path(it->string, strlen(it->string),
+					    &buf, s->prefix));
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
@@ -279,11 +502,11 @@ static void wt_status_print_verbose(struct wt_status *s)
 	struct rev_info rev;
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev,
 		s->is_initial ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : s->reference);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 	rev.diffopt.file = s->fp;
 	rev.diffopt.close_file = 0;
 	/*
@@ -311,15 +534,15 @@ static void wt_status_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 		return;
 
 	for (cp = sb.buf; (ep = strchr(cp, '\n')) != NULL; cp = ep + 1)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER),
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s),
 				 "# %.*s", (int)(ep - cp), cp);
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
 }
 
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER);
+	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
 	s->is_initial = get_sha1(s->reference, sha1) ? 1 : 0;
 	if (s->branch) {
@@ -329,26 +552,29 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 			branch_name += 11;
 		else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
 			branch_name = "";
-			branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH);
+			branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
 			on_what = "Not currently on any branch.";
 		}
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "# ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "# ");
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, branch_color, "%s%s", on_what, branch_name);
 		if (!s->is_initial)
 			wt_status_print_tracking(s);
 	}
 
+	wt_status_collect(s);
+
 	if (s->is_initial) {
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "# Initial commit");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER), "#");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "# Initial commit");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
 	}
 
 	wt_status_print_updated(s);
+	wt_status_print_unmerged(s);
 	wt_status_print_changed(s);
-	if (wt_status_submodule_summary)
+	if (s->submodule_summary)
 		wt_status_print_submodule_summary(s);
-	if (show_untracked_files)
+	if (s->show_untracked_files)
 		wt_status_print_untracked(s);
 	else if (s->commitable)
 		 fprintf(s->fp, "# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)\n");
@@ -362,53 +588,13 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 			; /* nothing */
 		else if (s->workdir_dirty)
 			printf("no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n");
-		else if (s->workdir_untracked)
+		else if (s->untracked.nr)
 			printf("nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to track)\n");
 		else if (s->is_initial)
 			printf("nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n");
-		else if (!show_untracked_files)
+		else if (!s->show_untracked_files)
 			printf("nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n");
 		else
 			printf("nothing to commit (working directory clean)\n");
 	}
 }
-
-int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
-{
-	if (!strcmp(k, "status.submodulesummary")) {
-		int is_bool;
-		wt_status_submodule_summary = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
-		if (is_bool && wt_status_submodule_summary)
-			wt_status_submodule_summary = -1;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(k, "status.color") || !strcmp(k, "color.status")) {
-		wt_status_use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v, -1);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (!prefixcmp(k, "status.color.") || !prefixcmp(k, "color.status.")) {
-		int slot = parse_status_slot(k, 13);
-		if (!v)
-			return config_error_nonbool(k);
-		color_parse(v, k, wt_status_colors[slot]);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(k, "status.relativepaths")) {
-		wt_status_relative_paths = git_config_bool(k, v);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	if (!strcmp(k, "status.showuntrackedfiles")) {
-		if (!v)
-			return config_error_nonbool(k);
-		else if (!strcmp(v, "no"))
-			show_untracked_files = SHOW_NO_UNTRACKED_FILES;
-		else if (!strcmp(v, "normal"))
-			show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
-		else if (!strcmp(v, "all"))
-			show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
-		else
-			return error("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", v);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
-}
diff --git a/wt-status.h b/wt-status.h
index 78add09bd..a0e75177b 100644
--- a/wt-status.h
+++ b/wt-status.h
@@ -2,13 +2,16 @@
 #define STATUS_H
 
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "color.h"
 
 enum color_wt_status {
-	WT_STATUS_HEADER,
+	WT_STATUS_HEADER = 0,
 	WT_STATUS_UPDATED,
 	WT_STATUS_CHANGED,
 	WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED,
 	WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH,
+	WT_STATUS_UNMERGED,
 };
 
 enum untracked_status_type {
@@ -16,7 +19,13 @@ enum untracked_status_type {
 	SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES,
 	SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES
 };
-extern enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files;
+
+struct wt_status_change_data {
+	int worktree_status;
+	int index_status;
+	int stagemask;
+	char *head_path;
+};
 
 struct wt_status {
 	int is_initial;
@@ -24,8 +33,13 @@ struct wt_status {
 	const char *reference;
 	int verbose;
 	int amend;
-	int untracked;
 	int nowarn;
+	int use_color;
+	int relative_paths;
+	int submodule_summary;
+	enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files;
+	char color_palette[WT_STATUS_UNMERGED+1][COLOR_MAXLEN];
+
 	/* These are computed during processing of the individual sections */
 	int commitable;
 	int workdir_dirty;
@@ -33,12 +47,12 @@ struct wt_status {
 	const char *index_file;
 	FILE *fp;
 	const char *prefix;
+	struct string_list change;
+	struct string_list untracked;
 };
 
-int git_status_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
-extern int wt_status_use_color;
-extern int wt_status_relative_paths;
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s);
+void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s);
 
 #endif /* STATUS_H */
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index d782f06d9..01f14fb50 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -15,11 +15,10 @@ static int parse_num(char **cp_p, int *num_p)
 {
 	char *cp = *cp_p;
 	int num = 0;
-	int read_some;
 
 	while ('0' <= *cp && *cp <= '9')
 		num = num * 10 + *cp++ - '0';
-	if (!(read_some = cp - *cp_p))
+	if (!(cp - *cp_p))
 		return -1;
 	*cp_p = cp;
 	*num_p = num;
@@ -310,6 +309,21 @@ void xdiff_set_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg, const char *value, int cflags)
 	}
 }
 
+void xdiff_clear_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg)
+{
+	if (xecfg->find_func) {
+		int i;
+		struct ff_regs *regs = xecfg->find_func_priv;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < regs->nr; i++)
+			regfree(&regs->array[i].re);
+		free(regs->array);
+		free(regs);
+		xecfg->find_func = NULL;
+		xecfg->find_func_priv = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
 int git_xmerge_style = -1;
 
 int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.h b/xdiff-interface.h
index 7352b9a9c..55572c39a 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.h
+++ b/xdiff-interface.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename);
 int buffer_is_binary(const char *ptr, unsigned long size);
 
 extern void xdiff_set_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg, const char *line, int cflags);
+extern void xdiff_clear_find_func(xdemitconf_t *xecfg);
 extern int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 extern int git_xmerge_style;
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
index 84fff583e..4da052a3f 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE (1 << 2)
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE (1 << 3)
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL (1 << 4)
+#define XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF (1 << 5)
 #define XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS (XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL)
 
 #define XDL_PATCH_NORMAL '-'
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ typedef long (*find_func_t)(const char *line, long line_len, char *buffer, long
 
 typedef struct s_xdemitconf {
 	long ctxlen;
+	long interhunkctxlen;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	find_func_t find_func;
 	void *find_func_priv;
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.c b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
index 9d0324a38..da67c0435 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.c
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 #define XDL_MAX_COST_MIN 256
 #define XDL_HEUR_MIN_COST 256
-#define XDL_LINE_MAX (long)((1UL << (8 * sizeof(long) - 1)) - 1)
+#define XDL_LINE_MAX (long)((1UL << (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(long) - 1)) - 1)
 #define XDL_SNAKE_CNT 20
 #define XDL_K_HEUR 4
 
@@ -293,15 +293,14 @@ int xdl_recs_cmp(diffdata_t *dd1, long off1, long lim1,
 		for (; off1 < lim1; off1++)
 			rchg1[rindex1[off1]] = 1;
 	} else {
-		long ec;
 		xdpsplit_t spl;
 		spl.i1 = spl.i2 = 0;
 
 		/*
 		 * Divide ...
 		 */
-		if ((ec = xdl_split(ha1, off1, lim1, ha2, off2, lim2, kvdf, kvdb,
-				    need_min, &spl, xenv)) < 0) {
+		if (xdl_split(ha1, off1, lim1, ha2, off2, lim2, kvdf, kvdb,
+			      need_min, &spl, xenv) < 0) {
 
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -329,6 +328,9 @@ int xdl_do_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 	xdalgoenv_t xenv;
 	diffdata_t dd1, dd2;
 
+	if (xpp->flags & XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF)
+		return xdl_do_patience_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, xe);
+
 	if (xdl_prepare_env(mf1, mf2, xpp, xe) < 0) {
 
 		return -1;
@@ -454,7 +456,7 @@ int xdl_change_compact(xdfile_t *xdf, xdfile_t *xdfo, long flags) {
 			/*
 			 * Record the end-of-group position in case we are matched
 			 * with a group of changes in the other file (that is, the
-			 * change record before the enf-of-group index in the other
+			 * change record before the end-of-group index in the other
 			 * file is set).
 			 */
 			ixref = rchgo[ixo - 1] ? ix: nrec;
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.h b/xdiff/xdiffi.h
index 3e099dc44..ad033a8e6 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.h
@@ -55,5 +55,7 @@ int xdl_build_script(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t **xscr);
 void xdl_free_script(xdchange_t *xscr);
 int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 		  xdemitconf_t const *xecfg);
+int xdl_do_patience_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
+		xdfenv_t *env);
 
 #endif /* #if !defined(XDIFFI_H) */
diff --git a/xdiff/xemit.c b/xdiff/xemit.c
index 4625c1b42..c4bedf0d1 100644
--- a/xdiff/xemit.c
+++ b/xdiff/xemit.c
@@ -59,9 +59,10 @@ static int xdl_emit_record(xdfile_t *xdf, long ri, char const *pre, xdemitcb_t *
  */
 xdchange_t *xdl_get_hunk(xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
 	xdchange_t *xch, *xchp;
+	long max_common = 2 * xecfg->ctxlen + xecfg->interhunkctxlen;
 
 	for (xchp = xscr, xch = xscr->next; xch; xchp = xch, xch = xch->next)
-		if (xch->i1 - (xchp->i1 + xchp->chg1) > 2 * xecfg->ctxlen)
+		if (xch->i1 - (xchp->i1 + xchp->chg1) > max_common)
 			break;
 
 	return xchp;
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ int xdl_emit_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
 	if (xecfg->flags & XDL_EMIT_COMMON)
 		return xdl_emit_common(xe, xscr, ecb, xecfg);
 
-	for (xch = xche = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
+	for (xch = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
 		xche = xdl_get_hunk(xch, xecfg);
 
 		s1 = XDL_MAX(xch->i1 - xecfg->ctxlen, 0);
diff --git a/xdiff/xmerge.c b/xdiff/xmerge.c
index d9737f04c..1cb65a951 100644
--- a/xdiff/xmerge.c
+++ b/xdiff/xmerge.c
@@ -563,23 +563,22 @@ int xdl_merge(mmfile_t *orig, mmfile_t *mf1, const char *name1,
 		return -1;
 	}
 	status = 0;
-	if (xscr1 || xscr2) {
-		if (!xscr1) {
-			result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf2->size);
-			memcpy(result->ptr, mf2->ptr, mf2->size);
-			result->size = mf2->size;
-		} else if (!xscr2) {
-			result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf1->size);
-			memcpy(result->ptr, mf1->ptr, mf1->size);
-			result->size = mf1->size;
-		} else {
-			status = xdl_do_merge(&xe1, xscr1, name1,
-					      &xe2, xscr2, name2,
-					      flags, xpp, result);
-		}
-		xdl_free_script(xscr1);
-		xdl_free_script(xscr2);
+	if (!xscr1) {
+		result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf2->size);
+		memcpy(result->ptr, mf2->ptr, mf2->size);
+		result->size = mf2->size;
+	} else if (!xscr2) {
+		result->ptr = xdl_malloc(mf1->size);
+		memcpy(result->ptr, mf1->ptr, mf1->size);
+		result->size = mf1->size;
+	} else {
+		status = xdl_do_merge(&xe1, xscr1, name1,
+				      &xe2, xscr2, name2,
+				      flags, xpp, result);
 	}
+	xdl_free_script(xscr1);
+	xdl_free_script(xscr2);
+
 	xdl_free_env(&xe1);
 	xdl_free_env(&xe2);
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xpatience.c b/xdiff/xpatience.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e42c16a80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xdiff/xpatience.c
@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+/*
+ *  LibXDiff by Davide Libenzi ( File Differential Library )
+ *  Copyright (C) 2003-2009 Davide Libenzi, Johannes E. Schindelin
+ *
+ *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ *  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *
+ *  Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
+ *
+ */
+#include "xinclude.h"
+#include "xtypes.h"
+#include "xdiff.h"
+
+/*
+ * The basic idea of patience diff is to find lines that are unique in
+ * both files.  These are intuitively the ones that we want to see as
+ * common lines.
+ *
+ * The maximal ordered sequence of such line pairs (where ordered means
+ * that the order in the sequence agrees with the order of the lines in
+ * both files) naturally defines an initial set of common lines.
+ *
+ * Now, the algorithm tries to extend the set of common lines by growing
+ * the line ranges where the files have identical lines.
+ *
+ * Between those common lines, the patience diff algorithm is applied
+ * recursively, until no unique line pairs can be found; these line ranges
+ * are handled by the well-known Myers algorithm.
+ */
+
+#define NON_UNIQUE ULONG_MAX
+
+/*
+ * This is a hash mapping from line hash to line numbers in the first and
+ * second file.
+ */
+struct hashmap {
+	int nr, alloc;
+	struct entry {
+		unsigned long hash;
+		/*
+		 * 0 = unused entry, 1 = first line, 2 = second, etc.
+		 * line2 is NON_UNIQUE if the line is not unique
+		 * in either the first or the second file.
+		 */
+		unsigned long line1, line2;
+		/*
+		 * "next" & "previous" are used for the longest common
+		 * sequence;
+		 * initially, "next" reflects only the order in file1.
+		 */
+		struct entry *next, *previous;
+	} *entries, *first, *last;
+	/* were common records found? */
+	unsigned long has_matches;
+	mmfile_t *file1, *file2;
+	xdfenv_t *env;
+	xpparam_t const *xpp;
+};
+
+/* The argument "pass" is 1 for the first file, 2 for the second. */
+static void insert_record(int line, struct hashmap *map, int pass)
+{
+	xrecord_t **records = pass == 1 ?
+		map->env->xdf1.recs : map->env->xdf2.recs;
+	xrecord_t *record = records[line - 1], *other;
+	/*
+	 * After xdl_prepare_env() (or more precisely, due to
+	 * xdl_classify_record()), the "ha" member of the records (AKA lines)
+	 * is _not_ the hash anymore, but a linearized version of it.  In
+	 * other words, the "ha" member is guaranteed to start with 0 and
+	 * the second record's ha can only be 0 or 1, etc.
+	 *
+	 * So we multiply ha by 2 in the hope that the hashing was
+	 * "unique enough".
+	 */
+	int index = (int)((record->ha << 1) % map->alloc);
+
+	while (map->entries[index].line1) {
+		other = map->env->xdf1.recs[map->entries[index].line1 - 1];
+		if (map->entries[index].hash != record->ha ||
+				!xdl_recmatch(record->ptr, record->size,
+					other->ptr, other->size,
+					map->xpp->flags)) {
+			if (++index >= map->alloc)
+				index = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (pass == 2)
+			map->has_matches = 1;
+		if (pass == 1 || map->entries[index].line2)
+			map->entries[index].line2 = NON_UNIQUE;
+		else
+			map->entries[index].line2 = line;
+		return;
+	}
+	if (pass == 2)
+		return;
+	map->entries[index].line1 = line;
+	map->entries[index].hash = record->ha;
+	if (!map->first)
+		map->first = map->entries + index;
+	if (map->last) {
+		map->last->next = map->entries + index;
+		map->entries[index].previous = map->last;
+	}
+	map->last = map->entries + index;
+	map->nr++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function has to be called for each recursion into the inter-hunk
+ * parts, as previously non-unique lines can become unique when being
+ * restricted to a smaller part of the files.
+ *
+ * It is assumed that env has been prepared using xdl_prepare().
+ */
+static int fill_hashmap(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+		struct hashmap *result,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	result->file1 = file1;
+	result->file2 = file2;
+	result->xpp = xpp;
+	result->env = env;
+
+	/* We know exactly how large we want the hash map */
+	result->alloc = count1 * 2;
+	result->entries = (struct entry *)
+		xdl_malloc(result->alloc * sizeof(struct entry));
+	if (!result->entries)
+		return -1;
+	memset(result->entries, 0, result->alloc * sizeof(struct entry));
+
+	/* First, fill with entries from the first file */
+	while (count1--)
+		insert_record(line1++, result, 1);
+
+	/* Then search for matches in the second file */
+	while (count2--)
+		insert_record(line2++, result, 2);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the longest sequence with a smaller last element (meaning a smaller
+ * line2, as we construct the sequence with entries ordered by line1).
+ */
+static int binary_search(struct entry **sequence, int longest,
+		struct entry *entry)
+{
+	int left = -1, right = longest;
+
+	while (left + 1 < right) {
+		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
+		/* by construction, no two entries can be equal */
+		if (sequence[middle]->line2 > entry->line2)
+			right = middle;
+		else
+			left = middle;
+	}
+	/* return the index in "sequence", _not_ the sequence length */
+	return left;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The idea is to start with the list of common unique lines sorted by
+ * the order in file1.  For each of these pairs, the longest (partial)
+ * sequence whose last element's line2 is smaller is determined.
+ *
+ * For efficiency, the sequences are kept in a list containing exactly one
+ * item per sequence length: the sequence with the smallest last
+ * element (in terms of line2).
+ */
+static struct entry *find_longest_common_sequence(struct hashmap *map)
+{
+	struct entry **sequence = xdl_malloc(map->nr * sizeof(struct entry *));
+	int longest = 0, i;
+	struct entry *entry;
+
+	for (entry = map->first; entry; entry = entry->next) {
+		if (!entry->line2 || entry->line2 == NON_UNIQUE)
+			continue;
+		i = binary_search(sequence, longest, entry);
+		entry->previous = i < 0 ? NULL : sequence[i];
+		sequence[++i] = entry;
+		if (i == longest)
+			longest++;
+	}
+
+	/* No common unique lines were found */
+	if (!longest) {
+		xdl_free(sequence);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* Iterate starting at the last element, adjusting the "next" members */
+	entry = sequence[longest - 1];
+	entry->next = NULL;
+	while (entry->previous) {
+		entry->previous->next = entry;
+		entry = entry->previous;
+	}
+	xdl_free(sequence);
+	return entry;
+}
+
+static int match(struct hashmap *map, int line1, int line2)
+{
+	xrecord_t *record1 = map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 - 1];
+	xrecord_t *record2 = map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 - 1];
+	return xdl_recmatch(record1->ptr, record1->size,
+		record2->ptr, record2->size, map->xpp->flags);
+}
+
+static int patience_diff(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2);
+
+static int walk_common_sequence(struct hashmap *map, struct entry *first,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	int end1 = line1 + count1, end2 = line2 + count2;
+	int next1, next2;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		/* Try to grow the line ranges of common lines */
+		if (first) {
+			next1 = first->line1;
+			next2 = first->line2;
+			while (next1 > line1 && next2 > line2 &&
+					match(map, next1 - 1, next2 - 1)) {
+				next1--;
+				next2--;
+			}
+		} else {
+			next1 = end1;
+			next2 = end2;
+		}
+		while (line1 < next1 && line2 < next2 &&
+				match(map, line1, line2)) {
+			line1++;
+			line2++;
+		}
+
+		/* Recurse */
+		if (next1 > line1 || next2 > line2) {
+			struct hashmap submap;
+
+			memset(&submap, 0, sizeof(submap));
+			if (patience_diff(map->file1, map->file2,
+					map->xpp, map->env,
+					line1, next1 - line1,
+					line2, next2 - line2))
+				return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (!first)
+			return 0;
+
+		while (first->next &&
+				first->next->line1 == first->line1 + 1 &&
+				first->next->line2 == first->line2 + 1)
+			first = first->next;
+
+		line1 = first->line1 + 1;
+		line2 = first->line2 + 1;
+
+		first = first->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static int fall_back_to_classic_diff(struct hashmap *map,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	/*
+	 * This probably does not work outside Git, since
+	 * we have a very simple mmfile structure.
+	 *
+	 * Note: ideally, we would reuse the prepared environment, but
+	 * the libxdiff interface does not (yet) allow for diffing only
+	 * ranges of lines instead of the whole files.
+	 */
+	mmfile_t subfile1, subfile2;
+	xpparam_t xpp;
+	xdfenv_t env;
+
+	subfile1.ptr = (char *)map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 - 1]->ptr;
+	subfile1.size = map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 + count1 - 2]->ptr +
+		map->env->xdf1.recs[line1 + count1 - 2]->size - subfile1.ptr;
+	subfile2.ptr = (char *)map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 - 1]->ptr;
+	subfile2.size = map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 + count2 - 2]->ptr +
+		map->env->xdf2.recs[line2 + count2 - 2]->size - subfile2.ptr;
+	xpp.flags = map->xpp->flags & ~XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF;
+	if (xdl_do_diff(&subfile1, &subfile2, &xpp, &env) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(map->env->xdf1.rchg + line1 - 1, env.xdf1.rchg, count1);
+	memcpy(map->env->xdf2.rchg + line2 - 1, env.xdf2.rchg, count2);
+
+	xdl_free_env(&env);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Recursively find the longest common sequence of unique lines,
+ * and if none was found, ask xdl_do_diff() to do the job.
+ *
+ * This function assumes that env was prepared with xdl_prepare_env().
+ */
+static int patience_diff(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env,
+		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
+{
+	struct hashmap map;
+	struct entry *first;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	/* trivial case: one side is empty */
+	if (!count1) {
+		while(count2--)
+			env->xdf2.rchg[line2++ - 1] = 1;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (!count2) {
+		while(count1--)
+			env->xdf1.rchg[line1++ - 1] = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	memset(&map, 0, sizeof(map));
+	if (fill_hashmap(file1, file2, xpp, env, &map,
+			line1, count1, line2, count2))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* are there any matching lines at all? */
+	if (!map.has_matches) {
+		while(count1--)
+			env->xdf1.rchg[line1++ - 1] = 1;
+		while(count2--)
+			env->xdf2.rchg[line2++ - 1] = 1;
+		xdl_free(map.entries);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	first = find_longest_common_sequence(&map);
+	if (first)
+		result = walk_common_sequence(&map, first,
+			line1, count1, line2, count2);
+	else
+		result = fall_back_to_classic_diff(&map,
+			line1, count1, line2, count2);
+
+	xdl_free(map.entries);
+	return result;
+}
+
+int xdl_do_patience_diff(mmfile_t *file1, mmfile_t *file2,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp, xdfenv_t *env)
+{
+	if (xdl_prepare_env(file1, file2, xpp, env) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* environment is cleaned up in xdl_diff() */
+	return patience_diff(file1, file2, xpp, env,
+			1, env->xdf1.nrec, 1, env->xdf2.nrec);
+}
diff --git a/xdiff/xprepare.c b/xdiff/xprepare.c
index a43aa72cd..168908523 100644
--- a/xdiff/xprepare.c
+++ b/xdiff/xprepare.c
@@ -290,7 +290,8 @@ int xdl_prepare_env(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 
 	xdl_free_classifier(&cf);
 
-	if (xdl_optimize_ctxs(&xe->xdf1, &xe->xdf2) < 0) {
+	if (!(xpp->flags & XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF) &&
+			xdl_optimize_ctxs(&xe->xdf1, &xe->xdf2) < 0) {
 
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf2);
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf1);
diff --git a/xdiff/xutils.c b/xdiff/xutils.c
index d7974d1a3..bc12f2989 100644
--- a/xdiff/xutils.c
+++ b/xdiff/xutils.c
@@ -190,48 +190,66 @@ int xdl_recmatch(const char *l1, long s1, const char *l2, long s2, long flags)
 {
 	int i1, i2;
 
+	if (!(flags & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS))
+		return s1 == s2 && !memcmp(l1, l2, s1);
+
+	i1 = 0;
+	i2 = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * -w matches everything that matches with -b, and -b in turn
+	 * matches everything that matches with --ignore-space-at-eol.
+	 *
+	 * Each flavor of ignoring needs different logic to skip whitespaces
+	 * while we have both sides to compare.
+	 */
 	if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE) {
-		for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < s1 && i2 < s2; ) {
-			if (isspace(l1[i1]))
-				while (isspace(l1[i1]) && i1 < s1)
-					i1++;
-			if (isspace(l2[i2]))
-				while (isspace(l2[i2]) && i2 < s2)
-					i2++;
-			if (i1 < s1 && i2 < s2 && l1[i1++] != l2[i2++])
+		goto skip_ws;
+		while (i1 < s1 && i2 < s2) {
+			if (l1[i1++] != l2[i2++])
 				return 0;
+		skip_ws:
+			while (i1 < s1 && isspace(l1[i1]))
+				i1++;
+			while (i2 < s2 && isspace(l2[i2]))
+				i2++;
 		}
-		return (i1 >= s1 && i2 >= s2);
 	} else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE) {
-		for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < s1 && i2 < s2; ) {
-			if (isspace(l1[i1])) {
-				if (!isspace(l2[i2]))
-					return 0;
-				while (isspace(l1[i1]) && i1 < s1)
-					i1++;
-				while (isspace(l2[i2]) && i2 < s2)
-					i2++;
-			} else if (l1[i1++] != l2[i2++])
-				return 0;
-		}
-		return (i1 >= s1 && i2 >= s2);
-	} else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL) {
-		for (i1 = i2 = 0; i1 < s1 && i2 < s2; ) {
-			if (l1[i1] != l2[i2]) {
+		while (i1 < s1 && i2 < s2) {
+			if (isspace(l1[i1]) && isspace(l2[i2])) {
+				/* Skip matching spaces and try again */
 				while (i1 < s1 && isspace(l1[i1]))
 					i1++;
 				while (i2 < s2 && isspace(l2[i2]))
 					i2++;
-				if (i1 < s1 || i2 < s2)
-					return 0;
-				return 1;
+				continue;
 			}
+			if (l1[i1++] != l2[i2++])
+				return 0;
+		}
+	} else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL) {
+		while (i1 < s1 && i2 < s2 && l1[i1++] == l2[i2++])
+			; /* keep going */
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * After running out of one side, the remaining side must have
+	 * nothing but whitespace for the lines to match.  Note that
+	 * ignore-whitespace-at-eol case may break out of the loop
+	 * while there still are characters remaining on both lines.
+	 */
+	if (i1 < s1) {
+		while (i1 < s1 && isspace(l1[i1]))
 			i1++;
+		if (s1 != i1)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	if (i2 < s2) {
+		while (i2 < s2 && isspace(l2[i2]))
 			i2++;
-		}
-		return i1 >= s1 && i2 >= s2;
-	} else
-		return s1 == s2 && !memcmp(l1, l2, s1);
+		return (s2 == i2);
+	}
+	return 1;
 }
 
 static unsigned long xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(char const **data,
@@ -242,16 +260,20 @@ static unsigned long xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(char const **data,
 	for (; ptr < top && *ptr != '\n'; ptr++) {
 		if (isspace(*ptr)) {
 			const char *ptr2 = ptr;
+			int at_eol;
 			while (ptr + 1 < top && isspace(ptr[1])
 					&& ptr[1] != '\n')
 				ptr++;
-			if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE
-					&& ptr[1] != '\n') {
+			at_eol = (top <= ptr + 1 || ptr[1] == '\n');
+			if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE)
+				; /* already handled */
+			else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE
+				 && !at_eol) {
 				ha += (ha << 5);
 				ha ^= (unsigned long) ' ';
 			}
-			if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL
-					&& ptr[1] != '\n') {
+			else if (flags & XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL
+				 && !at_eol) {
 				while (ptr2 != ptr + 1) {
 					ha += (ha << 5);
 					ha ^= (unsigned long) *ptr2;