diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
65 files changed, 1797 insertions, 253 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines index 4cd95da6b..a4191aa38 100644 --- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines +++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines @@ -206,11 +206,38 @@ For C programs: x = 1; } - is frowned upon. A gray area is when the statement extends - over a few lines, and/or you have a lengthy comment atop of - it. Also, like in the Linux kernel, if there is a long list - of "else if" statements, it can make sense to add braces to - single line blocks. + is frowned upon. But there are a few exceptions: + + - When the statement extends over a few lines (e.g., a while loop + with an embedded conditional, or a comment). E.g.: + + while (foo) { + if (x) + one(); + else + two(); + } + + if (foo) { + /* + * This one requires some explanation, + * so we're better off with braces to make + * it obvious that the indentation is correct. + */ + doit(); + } + + - When there are multiple arms to a conditional and some of them + require braces, enclose even a single line block in braces for + consistency. E.g.: + + if (foo) { + doit(); + } else { + one(); + two(); + three(); + } - We try to avoid assignments in the condition of an "if" statement. diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile index b43d66eae..a9fb497b8 100644 --- a/Documentation/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/Makefile @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf $(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \ - $(TXT_TO_XML) -d article -o $@+ $< && \ + $(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@+ $< && \ mv $@+ $@ technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \ diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt index 73f3b978c..70462f7f7 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.1.txt @@ -117,4 +117,15 @@ Fixes since v2.10 been corrected to flip the executable bit for all paths that match the given pathspec. + * "git pack-objects --include-tag" was taught that when we know that + we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at + C but also a tag A that points at the tag B. We used to miss the + intermediate tag B in some cases. + + * Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated. + + * In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an + e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at ai_canonname + field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first. + Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c4d439702 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +Git v2.10.2 Release Notes +========================= + +Fixes since v2.10.1 +------------------- + + * The code that parses the format parameter of for-each-ref command + has seen a micro-optimization. + + * The "graph" API used in "git log --graph" miscounted the number of + output columns consumed so far when drawing a padding line, which + has been fixed; this did not affect any existing code as nobody + tried to write anything after the padding on such a line, though. + + * Almost everybody uses DEFAULT_ABBREV to refer to the default + setting for the abbreviation, but "git blame" peeked into + underlying variable bypassing the macro for no good reason. + + * Doc update to clarify what "log -3 --reverse" does. + + * An author name, that spelled a backslash-quoted double quote in the + human readable part "My \"double quoted\" name", was not unquoted + correctly while applying a patch from a piece of e-mail. + + * The original command line syntax for "git merge", which was "git + merge <msg> HEAD <parent>...", has been deprecated for quite some + time, and "git gui" was the last in-tree user of the syntax. This + is finally fixed, so that we can move forward with the deprecation. + + * Codepaths that read from an on-disk loose object were too loose in + validating what they are reading is a proper object file and + sometimes read past the data they read from the disk, which has + been corrected. H/t to Gustavo Grieco for reporting. + + * "git worktree", even though it used the default_abbrev setting that + ought to be affected by core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored + the variable setting. The command has been taught to read the + default set of configuration variables to correct this. + + * A low-level function verify_packfile() was meant to show errors + that were detected without dying itself, but under some conditions + it didn't and died instead, which has been fixed. + + * When "git fetch" tries to find where the history of the repository + it runs in has diverged from what the other side has, it has a + mechanism to avoid digging too deep into irrelevant side branches. + This however did not work well over the "smart-http" transport due + to a design bug, which has been fixed. + + * When we started cURL to talk to imap server when a new enough + version of cURL library is available, we forgot to explicitly add + imap(s):// before the destination. To some folks, that didn't work + and the library tried to make HTTP(s) requests instead. + + * The ./configure script generated from configure.ac was taught how + to detect support of SSL by libcurl better. + + * http.emptyauth configuration is a way to allow an empty username to + pass when attempting to authenticate using mechanisms like + Kerberos. We took an unspecified (NULL) username and sent ":" + (i.e. no username, no password) to CURLOPT_USERPWD, but did not do + the same when the username is explicitly set to an empty string. + + * "git clone" of a local repository can be done at the filesystem + level, but the codepath did not check errors while copying and + adjusting the file that lists alternate object stores. + + * Documentation for "git commit" was updated to clarify that "commit + -p <paths>" adds to the current contents of the index to come up + with what to commit. + + * A stray symbolic link in $GIT_DIR/refs/ directory could make name + resolution loop forever, which has been corrected. + + * The "submodule.<name>.path" stored in .gitmodules is never copied + to .git/config and such a key in .git/config has no meaning, but + the documentation described it and submodule.<name>.url next to + each other as if both belong to .git/config. This has been fixed. + + * Recent git allows submodule.<name>.branch to use a special token + "." instead of the branch name; the documentation has been updated + to describe it. + + * In a worktree connected to a repository elsewhere, created via "git + worktree", "git checkout" attempts to protect users from confusion + by refusing to check out a branch that is already checked out in + another worktree. However, this also prevented checking out a + branch, which is designated as the primary branch of a bare + reopsitory, in a worktree that is connected to the bare + repository. The check has been corrected to allow it. + + * "git rebase" immediately after "git clone" failed to find the fork + point from the upstream. + + * When fetching from a remote that has many tags that are irrelevant + to branches we are following, we used to waste way too many cycles + when checking if the object pointed at by a tag (that we are not + going to fetch!) exists in our repository too carefully. + + * The Travis CI configuration we ship ran the tests with --verbose + option but this risks non-TAP output that happens to be "ok" to be + misinterpreted as TAP signalling a test that passed. This resulted + in unnecessary failure. This has been corrected by introducing a + new mode to run our tests in the test harness to send the verbose + output separately to the log file. + + * Some AsciiDoc formatter mishandles a displayed illustration with + tabs in it. Adjust a few of them in merge-base documentation to + work around them. + +Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.3.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..277a2a18a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.10.3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +Git v2.10.3 Release Notes +========================= + +Fixes since v2.10.2 +------------------- + + * Extract a small helper out of the function that reads the authors + script file "git am" internally uses. + This by itself is not useful until a second caller appears in the + future for "rebase -i" helper. + + * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) learned to + complete "git cmd ^mas<HT>" to complete the negative end of + reference to "git cmd ^master". + + * "git send-email" attempts to pick up valid e-mails from the + trailers, but people in real world write non-addresses there, like + "Cc: Stable <add@re.ss> # 4.8+", which broke the output depending + on the availability and vintage of Mail::Address perl module. + + * The code that we have used for the past 10+ years to cycle + 4-element ring buffers turns out to be not quite portable in + theoretical world. + + * "git daemon" used fixed-length buffers to turn URL to the + repository the client asked for into the server side directory + path, using snprintf() to avoid overflowing these buffers, but + allowed possibly truncated paths to the directory. This has been + tightened to reject such a request that causes overlong path to be + required to serve. + + * Recent update to git-sh-setup (a library of shell functions that + are used by our in-tree scripted Porcelain commands) included + another shell library git-sh-i18n without specifying where it is, + relying on the $PATH. This has been fixed to be more explicit by + prefixing $(git --exec-path) output in front. + + * Fix for a racy false-positive test failure. + + * Portability update and workaround for builds on recent Mac OS X. + + * Update to the test framework made in 2.9 timeframe broke running + the tests under valgrind, which has been fixed. + + * Improve the rule to convert "unsigned char [20]" into "struct + object_id *" in contrib/coccinelle/ + +Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt index cfe94b991..b7b7dd361 100644 --- a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.0.txt @@ -1,11 +1,38 @@ Git 2.11 Release Notes ====================== +Backward compatibility notes. + + * An empty string used as a pathspec element has always meant + 'everything matches', but it is too easy to write a script that + finds a path to remove in $path and run 'git rm "$paht"' by + mistake (when the user meant to give "$path"), which ends up + removing everything. This release starts warning about the + use of an empty string that is used for 'everything matches' and + asks users to use a more explicit '.' for that instead. + + The hope is that existing users will not mind this change, and + eventually the warning can be turned into a hard error, upgrading + the deprecation into removal of this (mis)feature. + + * The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..." + has been deprecated for quite some time, and will be removed in the + next release (not this one). + + * The default abbreviation length, which has historically been 7, now + scales as the repository grows, using the approximate number of + objects in the repository and a bit of math around the birthday + paradox. The logic suggests to use 12 hexdigits for the Linux + kernel, and 9 to 10 for Git itself. + + Updates since v2.10 ------------------- UI, Workflows & Features + * Comes with new version of git-gui, now at its 0.21.0 tag. + * "git format-patch --cover-letter HEAD^" to format a single patch with a separate cover letter now numbers the output as [PATCH 0/1] and [PATCH 1/1] by default. @@ -18,10 +45,10 @@ UI, Workflows & Features which was not intuitive, given that "git nosuchcommand" said "git: 'nosuchcommand' is not a git command". - * "git clone --resurse-submodules --reference $path $URL" is a way to + * "git clone --recurse-submodules --reference $path $URL" is a way to reduce network transfer cost by borrowing objects in an existing $path repository when cloning the superproject from $URL; it - learned to also peek into $path for presense of corresponding + learned to also peek into $path for presence of corresponding repositories of submodules and borrow objects from there when able. * The "git diff --submodule={short,log}" mechanism has been enhanced @@ -30,35 +57,107 @@ UI, Workflows & Features * Even though "git hash-objects", which is a tool to take an on-filesystem data stream and put it into the Git object store, - allowed to perform the "outside-world-to-Git" conversions (e.g. + can perform "outside-world-to-Git" conversions (e.g. end-of-line conversions and application of the clean-filter), and - it had the feature on by default from very early days, its reverse + it has had this feature on by default from very early days, its reverse operation "git cat-file", which takes an object from the Git object - store and externalize for the consumption by the outside world, + store and externalizes it for consumption by the outside world, lacked an equivalent mechanism to run the "Git-to-outside-world" conversion. The command learned the "--filters" option to do so. - * Output from "git diff" can be made easier to read by selecting + * Output from "git diff" can be made easier to read by intelligently selecting which lines are common and which lines are added/deleted - intelligently when the lines before and after the changed section - are the same. A command line option is added to help with the - experiment to find a good heuristics. + when the lines before and after the changed section + are the same. A command line option (--indent-heuristic) and a + configuration variable (diff.indentHeuristic) are added to help with the + experiment to find good heuristics. * In some projects, it is common to use "[RFC PATCH]" as the subject prefix for a patch meant for discussion rather than application. A - new option "--rfc" was a short-hand for "--subject-prefix=RFC PATCH" + new format-patch option "--rfc" is a short-hand for "--subject-prefix=RFC PATCH" to help the participants of such projects. - * "git add --chmod=+x <pathspec>" added recently only toggled the + * "git add --chmod={+,-}x <pathspec>" only changed the executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has - been corrected to flip the executable bit for all paths that match + been corrected to change the executable bit for all paths that match the given pathspec. * When "git format-patch --stdout" output is placed as an in-body - header and it uses the RFC2822 header folding, "git am" failed to + header and it uses RFC2822 header folding, "git am" fails to put the header line back into a single logical line. The underlying "git mailinfo" was taught to handle this properly. + * "gitweb" can spawn "highlight" to show blob contents with + (programming) language-specific syntax highlighting, but only + when the language is known. "highlight" can however be told + to guess the language itself by giving it "--force" option, which + has been enabled. + + * "git gui" l10n to Portuguese. + + * When given an abbreviated object name that is not (or more + realistically, "no longer") unique, we gave a fatal error + "ambiguous argument". This error is now accompanied by a hint that + lists the objects beginning with the given prefix. During the + course of development of this new feature, numerous minor bugs were + uncovered and corrected, the most notable one of which is that we + gave "short SHA1 xxxx is ambiguous." twice without good reason. + + * "git log rev^..rev" is an often-used revision range specification + to show what was done on a side branch merged at rev. This has + gained a short-hand "rev^-1". In general "rev^-$n" is the same as + "^rev^$n rev", i.e. what has happened on other branches while the + history leading to nth parent was looking the other way. + + * In recent versions of cURL, GSSAPI credential delegation is + disabled by default due to CVE-2011-2192; introduce a http.delegation + configuration variable to selectively allow enabling this. + (merge 26a7b23429 ps/http-gssapi-cred-delegation later to maint). + + * "git mergetool" learned to honor "-O<orderfile>" to control the + order of paths to present to the end user. + + * "git diff/log --ws-error-highlight=<kind>" lacked the corresponding + configuration variable (diff.wsErrorHighlight) to set it by default. + + * "git ls-files" learned the "--recurse-submodules" option + to get a listing of tracked files across submodules (i.e. this + only works with the "--cached" option, not for listing untracked or + ignored files). This would be a useful tool to sit on the upstream + side of a pipe that is read with xargs to work on all working tree + files from the top-level superproject. + + * A new credential helper that talks via "libsecret" with + implementations of XDG Secret Service API has been added to + contrib/credential/. + + * The GPG verification status shown by the "%G?" pretty format specifier + was not rich enough to differentiate a signature made by an expired + key, a signature made by a revoked key, etc. New output letters + have been assigned to express them. + + * In addition to purely abbreviated commit object names, "gitweb" + learned to turn "git describe" output (e.g. v2.9.3-599-g2376d31787) + into clickable links in its output. + + * "git commit" created an empty commit when invoked with an index + consisting solely of intend-to-add paths (added with "git add -N"). + It now requires the "--allow-empty" option to create such a commit. + The same logic prevented "git status" from showing such paths as "new files" in the + "Changes not staged for commit" section. + + * The smudge/clean filter API spawns an external process + to filter the contents of each path that has a filter defined. A + new type of "process" filter API has been added to allow the first + request to run the filter for a path to spawn a single process, and + all filtering is served by this single process for multiple + paths, reducing the process creation overhead. + + * The user always has to say "stash@{$N}" when naming a single + element in the default location of the stash, i.e. reflogs in + refs/stash. The "git stash" command learned to accept "git stash + apply 4" as a short-hand for "git stash apply stash@{4}". + Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. @@ -75,7 +174,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. script file "git am" internally uses. (merge a77598e jc/am-read-author-file later to maint). - * Lifts calls to exit(2) and die() higher in the callchain in + * Lift calls to exit(2) and die() higher in the callchain in sequencer.c files so that more helper functions in it can be used by callers that want to handle error conditions themselves. @@ -94,15 +193,70 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. does not advertise any refs, but "git fetch" was not prepared to see such an advertisement. When the other side disconnects without giving any ref advertisement, we used to say "there may not be a - repository at that URL", but we may have seen other advertisement + repository at that URL", but we may have seen other advertisements like "shallow" and ".have" in which case we definitely know that a repository is there. The code to detect this case has also been updated. * Some codepaths in "git pack-objects" were not ready to use an - existing pack bitmap; now they are and as the result they have + existing pack bitmap; now they are and as a result they have become faster. + * The codepath in "git fsck" to detect malformed tree objects has + been updated not to die but keep going after detecting them. + + * We call "qsort(array, nelem, sizeof(array[0]), fn)", and most of + the time third parameter is redundant. A new QSORT() macro lets us + omit it. + + * "git pack-objects" in a repository with many packfiles used to + spend a lot of time looking for/at objects in them; the accesses to + the packfiles are now optimized by checking the most-recently-used + packfile first. + (merge c9af708b1a jk/pack-objects-optim-mru later to maint). + + * Codepaths involved in interacting alternate object stores have + been cleaned up. + + * In order for the receiving end of "git push" to inspect the + received history and decide to reject the push, the objects sent + from the sending end need to be made available to the hook and + the mechanism for the connectivity check, and this was done + traditionally by storing the objects in the receiving repository + and letting "git gc" expire them. Instead, store the newly + received objects in a temporary area, and make them available by + reusing the alternate object store mechanism to them only while we + decide if we accept the check, and once we decide, either migrate + them to the repository or purge them immediately. + + * The require_clean_work_tree() helper was recreated in C when "git + pull" was rewritten from shell; the helper is now made available to + other callers in preparation for upcoming "rebase -i" work. + + * "git upload-pack" had its code cleaned-up and performance improved + by reducing use of timestamp-ordered commit-list, which was + replaced with a priority queue. + + * "git diff --no-index" codepath has been updated not to try to peek + into a .git/ directory that happens to be under the current + directory, when we know we are operating outside any repository. + + * Update of the sequencer codebase to make it reusable to reimplement + "rebase -i" continues. + + * Git generally does not explicitly close file descriptors that were + open in the parent process when spawning a child process, but most + of the time the child does not want to access them. As Windows does + not allow removing or renaming a file that has a file descriptor + open, a slow-to-exit child can even break the parent process by + holding onto them. Use O_CLOEXEC flag to open files in various + codepaths. + + * Update "interpret-trailers" machinery and teach it that people in + the real world write all sorts of cruft in the "trailer" that was + originally designed to have the neat-o "Mail-Header: like thing" + and nothing else. + Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. @@ -127,7 +281,7 @@ notes for details). has been removed. * Having a submodule whose ".git" repository is somehow corrupt - caused a few commands that recurse into submodules loop forever. + caused a few commands that recurse into submodules to loop forever. * "git symbolic-ref -d HEAD" happily removes the symbolic ref, but the resulting repository becomes an invalid one. Teach the command @@ -144,35 +298,28 @@ notes for details). we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at C but also a tag A that points at the tag B. We used to miss the intermediate tag B in some cases. - (merge b773dde jk/pack-tag-of-tag later to maint). * Update Japanese translation for "git-gui". - (merge 02748bc sy/git-gui-i18n-ja later to maint). * "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted instead. - (merge d63ed6e jk/fix-remote-curl-url-wo-proto later to maint). * "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match this change. - (merge f14a310 js/git-gui-commit-gpgsign later to maint). - * "git add --chmod=+x" added recently lacked documentation, which has + * "git add --chmod={+,-}x" added recently lacked documentation, which has been corrected. - (merge 7ef7903 et/add-chmod-x later to maint). * "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time. - The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges to + The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges and avoid the wastage. - (merge 7c81040 jk/patch-ids-no-merges later to maint). * The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session, which led to unnecessary API failures. - (merge 2abc848 ew/http-do-not-forget-to-call-curl-multi-remove-handle later to maint). * There were numerous corner cases in which the configuration files are read and used or not read at all depending on the directory a @@ -184,38 +331,32 @@ notes for details). * "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to include the header line of the current function and also forward to include the body of the entire current function up to the header - line of the next one. This process may have to merge to adjacent + line of the next one. This process may have to merge two adjacent hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases. - (merge 45d2f75 rs/xdiff-merge-overlapping-hunks-for-W-context later to maint). - * Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the same set of + * Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the right build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated configuration. - (merge cd5c281 ks/perf-build-with-autoconf later to maint). * "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added - showed the base commit information after "-- " e-mail signature + showed the base commit information after the "-- " e-mail signature line, which turned out to be inconvenient. The base information has been moved above the signature line. - (merge 480871e jt/format-patch-base-info-above-sig later to maint). * More i18n. - (merge 43073f8 va/i18n later to maint). * Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git - rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commit - (i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having a usable ident + rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commits + (i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having usable ident information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less than nice. As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase" would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed. - (merge 1e461c4 jk/rebase-i-drop-ident-check later to maint). * "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250, which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is detrimental for runtime performance. The limit has been reduced to 50. - (merge 07e7dbf jk/reduce-gc-aggressive-depth later to maint). * Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is @@ -223,16 +364,13 @@ notes for details). When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to 'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke. This has been corrected. - (merge 14d16e2 mm/config-color-ui-default-to-auto later to maint). * The pretty-format specifier "%C(auto)" used by the "log" family of commands to enable coloring of the output is taught to also issue a color-reset sequence to the output. - (merge c99ad27 rs/c-auto-resets-attributes later to maint). * A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been fixed. - (merge 92dece7 ep/doc-check-ref-format-example later to maint). * "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow @@ -240,59 +378,216 @@ notes for details). file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate. This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the command was run from a subdirectory. - (merge b829b94 nd/checkout-disambiguation later to maint). * Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read beyond the end of the mapped region. This was fixed by introducing a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND extension. - (merge b7d36ff js/regexec-buf later to maint). * The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a no-no. The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we need to know to fix this. - (merge f86f49b ls/travis-homebrew-path-fix later to maint). * When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step after that was (i.e. "--continue"). - (merge 37875b4 rt/rebase-i-broken-insn-advise later to maint). * Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated. - (merge 106b672 jk/doc-cvs-update later to maint). * "git clone --recurse-submodules" lost the progress eye-candy in - recent update, which has been corrected. + a recent update, which has been corrected. * A low-level function verify_packfile() was meant to show errors that were detected without dying itself, but under some conditions it didn't and died instead, which has been fixed. - (merge a9445d859e jk/verify-packfile-gently later to maint). * When "git fetch" tries to find where the history of the repository it runs in has diverged from what the other side has, it has a mechanism to avoid digging too deep into irrelevant side branches. This however did not work well over the "smart-http" transport due to a design bug, which has been fixed. - (merge 06b3d386e0 jt/fetch-pack-in-vain-count-with-stateless later to maint). * In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an - e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at ai_canonname + e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at the ai_canonname field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first. - (merge c375a7efa3 jk/ident-ai-canonname-could-be-null later to maint). * "git worktree", even though it used the default_abbrev setting that - ought to be affected by core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored + ought to be affected by the core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored the variable setting. The command has been taught to read the default set of configuration variables to correct this. - (merge d49028e6e7 jc/worktree-config later to maint). + + * "git init" tried to record core.worktree in the repository's + 'config' file when the GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable was set and + it was different from where GIT_DIR appears as ".git" at its top, + but the logic was faulty when .git is a "gitdir:" file that points + at the real place, causing trouble in working trees that are + managed by "git worktree". This has been corrected. + + * Codepaths that read from an on-disk loose object were too loose in + validating that they are reading a proper object file and + sometimes read past the data they read from the disk, which has + been corrected. H/t to Gustavo Grieco for reporting. + + * The original command line syntax for "git merge", which was "git + merge <msg> HEAD <parent>...", has been deprecated for quite some + time, and "git gui" was the last in-tree user of the syntax. This + is finally fixed, so that we can move forward with the deprecation. + + * An author name that has a backslash-quoted double quote in the + human readable part ("My \"double quoted\" name"), was not unquoted + correctly while applying a patch from a piece of e-mail. + + * Doc update to clarify what "log -3 --reverse" does. + + * Almost everybody uses DEFAULT_ABBREV to refer to the default + setting for the abbreviation, but "git blame" peeked into + underlying variable bypassing the macro for no good reason. + + * The "graph" API used in "git log --graph" miscounted the number of + output columns consumed so far when drawing a padding line, which + has been fixed; this did not affect any existing code as nobody + tried to write anything after the padding on such a line, though. + + * The code that parses the format parameter of the for-each-ref command + has seen a micro-optimization. + + * When we started to use cURL to talk to an imap server, we forgot to explicitly add + imap(s):// before the destination. To some folks, that didn't work + and the library tried to make HTTP(s) requests instead. + + * The ./configure script generated from configure.ac was taught how + to detect support of SSL by libcurl better. + + * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) learned to + complete "git cmd ^mas<HT>" to complete the negative end of + reference to "git cmd ^master". + (merge 49416ad22a cp/completion-negative-refs later to maint). + + * The existing "git fetch --depth=<n>" option was hard to use + correctly when making the history of an existing shallow clone + deeper. A new option, "--deepen=<n>", has been added to make this + easier to use. "git clone" also learned "--shallow-since=<date>" + and "--shallow-exclude=<tag>" options to make it easier to specify + "I am interested only in the recent N months worth of history" and + "Give me only the history since that version". + (merge cccf74e2da nd/shallow-deepen later to maint). + + * "git blame --reverse OLD path" is now DWIMmed to show how lines + in path in an old revision OLD have survived up to the current + commit. + (merge e1d09701a4 jc/blame-reverse later to maint). + + * The http.emptyauth configuration variable is a way to allow an empty username to + pass when attempting to authenticate using mechanisms like + Kerberos. We took an unspecified (NULL) username and sent ":" + (i.e. no username, no password) to CURLOPT_USERPWD, but did not do + the same when the username is explicitly set to an empty string. + + * "git clone" of a local repository can be done at the filesystem + level, but the codepath did not check errors while copying and + adjusting the file that lists alternate object stores. + + * Documentation for "git commit" was updated to clarify that "commit + -p <paths>" adds to the current contents of the index to come up + with what to commit. + + * A stray symbolic link in the $GIT_DIR/refs/ directory could make name + resolution loop forever, which has been corrected. + + * The "submodule.<name>.path" stored in .gitmodules is never copied + to .git/config and such a key in .git/config has no meaning, but + the documentation described it next to submodule.<name>.url + as if both belong to .git/config. This has been fixed. + + * In a worktree created via "git + worktree", "git checkout" attempts to protect users from confusion + by refusing to check out a branch that is already checked out in + another worktree. However, this also prevented checking out a + branch which is designated as the primary branch of a bare + repository, in a worktree that is connected to the bare + repository. The check has been corrected to allow it. + + * "git rebase" immediately after "git clone" failed to find the fork + point from the upstream. + + * When fetching from a remote that has many tags that are irrelevant + to branches we are following, we used to waste way too many cycles + checking if the object pointed at by a tag (that we are not + going to fetch!) exists in our repository too carefully. + + * Protect our code from over-eager compilers. + + * Recent git allows submodule.<name>.branch to use a special token + "." instead of the branch name; the documentation has been updated + to describe it. + + * "git send-email" attempts to pick up valid e-mails from the + trailers, but people in the real world write non-addresses there, like + "Cc: Stable <add@re.ss> # 4.8+", which broke the output depending + on the availability and vintage of the Mail::Address perl module. + (merge dcfafc5214 mm/send-email-cc-cruft-after-address later to maint). + + * The Travis CI configuration we ship ran the tests with the --verbose + option but this risks non-TAP output that happens to be "ok" to be + misinterpreted as TAP signalling a test that passed. This resulted + in unnecessary failures. This has been corrected by introducing a + new mode to run our tests in the test harness to send the verbose + output separately to the log file. + + * Some AsciiDoc formatters mishandle a displayed illustration with + tabs in it. Adjust a few of them in merge-base documentation to + work around them. + + * Fixed a minor regression in "git submodule" that was introduced + when more helper functions were reimplemented in C. + (merge 77b63ac31e sb/submodule-ignore-trailing-slash later to maint). + + * The code that we have used for the past 10+ years to cycle + 4-element ring buffers turns out to be not quite portable in + theoretical world. + (merge bb84735c80 rs/ring-buffer-wraparound later to maint). + + * "git daemon" used fixed-length buffers to turn URLs to the + repository the client asked for into the server side directory + paths, using snprintf() to avoid overflowing these buffers, but + allowed possibly truncated paths to the directory. This has been + tightened to reject such a request that causes an overlong path to be + served. + (merge 6bdb0083be jk/daemon-path-ok-check-truncation later to maint). + + * Recent update to git-sh-setup (a library of shell functions that + are used by our in-tree scripted Porcelain commands) included + another shell library git-sh-i18n without specifying where it is, + relying on the $PATH. This has been fixed to be more explicit by + prefixing with $(git --exec-path) output. + (merge 1073094f30 ak/sh-setup-dot-source-i18n-fix later to maint). + + * Fix for a racy false-positive test failure. + (merge fdf4f6c79b as/merge-attr-sleep later to maint). + + * Portability update and workaround for builds on recent Mac OS X. + (merge a296bc0132 ls/macos-update later to maint). + + * Using a %(HEAD) placeholder in "for-each-ref --format=" option + caused the command to segfault when on an unborn branch. + (merge 84679d470d jc/for-each-ref-head-segfault-fix later to maint). + + * "git rebase -i" did not work well with the core.commentchar + configuration variable for two reasons, both of which have been + fixed. + (merge 882cd23777 js/rebase-i-commentchar-fix later to maint). * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups. - (merge e78d57e bw/pathspec-remove-unused-extern-decl later to maint). - (merge ce25e4c rs/checkout-some-states-are-const later to maint). - (merge a8342a4 rs/strbuf-remove-fix later to maint). - (merge b56aa5b rs/unpack-trees-reduce-file-scope-global later to maint). - (merge 5efc60c mr/vcs-svn-printf-ulong later to maint). - (merge a22ae75 rs/cocci later to maint). + (merge 5c238e29a8 jk/common-main later to maint). + (merge 5a5749e45b ak/pre-receive-hook-template-modefix later to maint). + (merge 6d834ac8f1 jk/rebase-config-insn-fmt-docfix later to maint). + (merge de9f7fa3b0 rs/commit-pptr-simplify later to maint). + (merge 4259d693fc sc/fmt-merge-msg-doc-markup-fix later to maint). + (merge 28fab7b23d nd/test-helpers later to maint). + (merge c2bb0c1d1e rs/cocci later to maint). + (merge 3285b7badb ps/common-info-doc later to maint). + (merge 2b090822e8 nd/worktree-lock later to maint). + (merge 4bd488ea7c jk/create-branch-remove-unused-param later to maint). + (merge 974e0044d6 tk/diffcore-delta-remove-unused later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..74b193f1a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.11.1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ +Git v2.11.1 Release Notes +========================= + +Fixes since v2.11 +----------------- + + * The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS. + + * The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0 + + * Update the isatty() emulation for Windows by updating the previous + hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC runtime. + + * "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like + "HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!". + + * An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used + to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a + submodule directory there, which has been fixed.. + + * The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the + superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed + out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small + project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable + number of refs. + + * "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't + "--dry-run" in the submodules. + + * The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order, + and was unstable. + + * mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply + to built-in tools, but now it does. + + * "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob. + + * Fix a corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in + during 2.10 development cycle. + + * Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails + to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message + only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to + be reported with something sensible. + + * When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later, + it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash" + misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very + similar content is added. + + * "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option. + + * "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from + a subdirectory, which has been fixed. + + * "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index + ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not + change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody + needed it so far. + + * A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but + path normalization logic was unaware of it. + + * "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since + we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without + invoking "git rebase", but it didn't. + + * The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git + mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff. + + * Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back + to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when + the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user + did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt + the operation. + + * Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation. + + * A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage + objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot + have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn + made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This + has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when + appending such a path to the colon-separated list. + + * The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:" + before the custom message programs give, when they want to die + with a message about wrong command line options followed by the + standard usage string. + + * "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository, + but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that + corresponds to a packfile does not. + + * Fix for NDEBUG builds. + + * A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully + specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream' + push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors. + + * "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link. + + * Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running + "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This + has been fixed. + + * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist + that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed + by many empty commits. This has been fixed. + + * A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been + fixed. + + * When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http + rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that + will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition + and abort the transfer. + + +Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..17409fa14 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/2.12.0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,335 @@ +Git 2.12 Release Notes +====================== + +Backward compatibility notes. + + * Use of an empty string that is used for 'everything matches' is + still warned and Git asks users to use a more explicit '.' for that + instead. The hope is that existing users will not mind this + change, and eventually the warning can be turned into a hard error, + upgrading the deprecation into removal of this (mis)feature. That + is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming release (yet). + + * The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..." + has been deprecated for quite some time, and will be removed in the + upcoming release. + + +Updates since v2.11 +------------------- + +UI, Workflows & Features + + * Various updates to "git p4". + + * "git p4" didn't interact with the internal of .git directory + correctly in the modern "git-worktree"-enabled world. + + * "git branch --list" and friends learned "--ignore-case" option to + optionally sort branches and tags case insensitively. + + * In addition to %(subject), %(body), "log --pretty=format:..." + learned a new placeholder %(trailers). + + * "git rebase" learned "--quit" option, which allows a user to + remove the metadata left by an earlier "git rebase" that was + manually aborted without using "git rebase --abort". + + * "git clone --reference $there --recurse-submodules $super" has been + taught to guess repositories usable as references for submodules of + $super that are embedded in $there while making a clone of the + superproject borrow objects from $there; extend the mechanism to + also allow submodules of these submodules to borrow repositories + embedded in these clones of the submodules embedded in the clone of + the superproject. + + * Porcelain scripts written in Perl are getting internationalized. + + * "git merge --continue" has been added as a synonym to "git commit" + to conclude a merge that has stopped due to conflicts. + + * Finer-grained control of what protocols are allowed for transports + during clone/fetch/push have been enabled via a new configuration + mechanism. + + * "git shortlog" learned "--committer" option to group commits by + committer, instead of author. + + * GitLFS integration with "git p4" has been updated. + + * The isatty() emulation for Windows has been updated to eradicate + the previous hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC + runtime. + + * Some platforms no longer understand "latin-1" that is still seen in + the wild in e-mail headers; replace them with "iso-8859-1" that is + more widely known when conversion fails from/to it. + (merge df3755888b jc/latin-1 later to maint). + + * "git grep" has been taught to optionally recurse into submodules. + + * "git rm" used to refuse to remove a submodule when it has its own + git repository embedded in its working tree. It learned to move + the repository away to $GIT_DIR/modules/ of the superproject + instead, and allow the submodule to be deleted (as long as there + will be no loss of local modifications, that is). + + * A recent updates to "git p4" was not usable for older p4 but it + could be made to work with minimum changes. Do so. + + * "git diff" learned diff.interHunkContext configuration variable + that gives the default value for its --inter-hunk-context option. + + * The prereleaseSuffix feature of version comparison that is used in + "git tag -l" did not correctly when two or more prereleases for the + same release were present (e.g. when 2.0, 2.0-beta1, and 2.0-beta2 + are there and the code needs to compare 2.0-beta1 and 2.0-beta2). + + +Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. + + * Commands that operate on a log message and add lines to the trailer + blocks, such as "format-patch -s", "cherry-pick (-x|-s)", and + "commit -s", have been taught to use the logic of and share the + code with "git interpret-trailer". + + * The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS. + + * The "fast hash" that had disastrous performance issues in some + corner cases has been retired from the internal diff. + + * The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0 + + * Update the procedure to generate "tags" for developer support. + (merge 046e4c1c09 jk/make-tags-find-sources-tweak later to maint). + + * The codeflow of setting NOATIME and CLOEXEC on file descriptors Git + opens has been simplified. + (merge b4d065df03 jc/git-open-cloexec later to maint). + + * "git diff" and its family had two experimental heuristics to shift + the contents of a hunk to make the patch easier to read. One of + them turns out to be better than the other, so leave only the + "--indent-heuristic" option and remove the other one. + (merge 3cde4e02ee jc/retire-compaction-heuristics later to maint). + + * A new submodule helper "git submodule embedgitdirs" to make it + easier to move embedded .git/ directory for submodules in a + superproject to .git/modules/ (and point the latter with the former + that is turned into a "gitdir:" file) has been added. + + * "git push \\server\share\dir" has recently regressed and then + fixed. A test has retroactively been added for this breakage. + + * Build updates for Cygwin. + + * The implementation of "real_path()" was to go there with chdir(2) + and call getcwd(3), but this obviously wouldn't be usable in a + threaded environment. Rewrite it to manually resolve relative + paths including symbolic links in path components. + + * Adjust documentation to help AsciiDoctor render better while not + breaking the rendering done by AsciiDoc. + + +Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. + +Fixes since v2.10 +----------------- + +Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance +track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases' +notes for details). + + * We often decide if a session is interactive by checking if the + standard I/O streams are connected to a TTY, but isatty() that + comes with Windows incorrectly returned true if it is used on NUL + (i.e. an equivalent to /dev/null). This has been fixed. + + * "git svn" did not work well with path components that are "0", and + some configuration variable it uses were not documented. + (merge ea9a93dcc2 ew/svn-fixes later to maint). + + * "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like + "HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!". + + * An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used + to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a + submodule directory there, which has been fixed.. + + * The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the + superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed + out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small + project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable + number of refs. + + * "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't + "--dry-run" in the submodules. + + * The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order, + and was unstable. + + * mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply + to built-in tools, but now it does. + + * "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob. + + * A corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in + during 2.10 development cycle has been fixed. + + * Transport with dumb http can be fooled into following foreign URLs + that the end user does not intend to, especially with the server + side redirects and http-alternates mechanism, which can lead to + security issues. Tighten the redirection and make it more obvious + to the end user when it happens. + + * Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails + to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message + only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to + be reported with something sensible. + + * When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later, + it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash" + misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very + similar content is added. + + * "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option. + + * "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from + a subdirectory, which has been fixed. + + * "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index + ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not + change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody + needed it so far. + + * Git 2.11 had a minor regression in "merge --ff-only" that competed + with another process that simultanously attempted to update the + index. We used to explain what went wrong with an error message, + but the new code silently failed. The error message has been + resurrected. + + * A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but + path normalization logic was unaware of it. + + * "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since + we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without + invoking "git rebase", but it didn't. + + * The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git + mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff. + + * Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back + to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when + the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user + did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt + the operation. + + * Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation. + + * A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage + objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot + have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn + made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This + has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when + appending such a path to the colon-separated list. + + * The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:" + before the custom message programs give, when they want to die + with a message about wrong command line options followed by the + standard usage string. + + * "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository, + but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that + corresponds to a packfile does not. + + * Fix for NDEBUG builds. + + * A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully + specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream' + push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors. + + * "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link. + + * Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running + "git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This + has been fixed. + + * "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist + that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed + by many empty commits. This has been fixed. + + * A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been + fixed. + + * When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http + rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that + will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition + and abort the transfer. + + * Compression setting for producing packfiles were spread across + three codepaths, one of which did not honor any configuration. + Unify these so that all of them honor core.compression and + pack.compression variables the same way. + (merge 8de7eeb54b jc/compression-config later to maint). + + * "git fast-import" sometimes mishandled while rebalancing notes + tree, which has been fixed. + (merge 405d7f4af6 mh/fast-import-notes-fix-new later to maint). + + * Recent update to the default abbreviation length that auto-scales + lacked documentation update, which has been corrected. + (merge 48d5014dd4 jc/abbrev-autoscale-config later to maint). + + * Leakage of lockfiles in the config subsystem has been fixed. + (merge c06fa62dfc nd/config-misc-fixes later to maint). + + * It is natural that "git gc --auto" may not attempt to pack + everything into a single pack, and there is no point in warning + when the user has configured the system to use the pack bitmap, + leading to disabling further "gc". + (merge 1c409a705c dt/disable-bitmap-in-auto-gc later to maint). + + * "git archive" did not read the standard configuration files, and + failed to notice a file that is marked as binary via the userdiff + driver configuration. + (merge 965cba2e7e jk/archive-zip-userdiff-config later to maint). + + * "git blame --porcelain" misidentified the "previous" <commit, path> + pair (aka "source") when contents came from two or more files. + (merge 4e76832984 jk/blame-fixes later to maint). + + * "git rebase -i" with a recent update started showing an incorrect + count when squashing more than 10 commits. + (merge 356b8ecff1 jk/rebase-i-squash-count-fix later to maint). + + * "git <cmd> @{push}" on a detached HEAD used to segfault; it has + been corrected to error out with a message. + (merge b10731f43d km/branch-get-push-while-detached later to maint). + + * Running "git add a/b" when "a" is a submodule correctly errored + out, but without a meaningful error message. + (merge 2d81c48fa7 sb/pathspec-errors later to maint). + + * Typing ^C to pager, which usually does not kill it, killed Git and + took the pager down as a collateral damage in certain process-tree + structure. This has been fixed. + (merge 46df6906f3 jk/execv-dashed-external later to maint). + + * "git mergetool" without any pathspec on the command line that is + run from a subdirectory became no-op in Git v2.11 by mistake, which + has been fixed. + + * Retire long unused/unmaintained gitview from the contrib/ area. + (merge 3120925c25 sb/remove-gitview later to maint). + + * Tighten a test to avoid mistaking an extended ERE regexp engine as + a PRE regexp engine. + (merge 7675c7bd01 jk/grep-e-could-be-extended-beyond-posix later to maint). + + * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups. + (merge f2627d9b19 sb/submodule-config-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 384f1a167b sb/unpack-trees-cleanup later to maint). + (merge 3f05402ac0 ad/bisect-terms later to maint). + (merge 874444b704 rh/diff-orderfile-doc later to maint). + (merge c68d2d7c2b ws/request-pull-code-cleanup later to maint). diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt index 02cb6845c..2669b87c9 100644 --- a/Documentation/blame-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt @@ -28,12 +28,13 @@ include::line-range-format.txt[] -S <revs-file>:: Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. ---reverse:: +--reverse <rev>..<rev>:: Walk history forward instead of backward. Instead of showing the revision in which a line appeared, this shows the last revision in which a line has existed. This requires a range of revision like START..END where the path to blame exists in - START. + START. `git blame --reverse START` is taken as `git blame + --reverse START..HEAD` for convenience. -p:: --porcelain:: diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index e78293b6d..af2ae4cc0 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -783,10 +783,11 @@ core.sparseCheckout:: linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information. core.abbrev:: - Set the length object names are abbreviated to. If unspecified, - many commands abbreviate to 7 hexdigits, which may not be enough - for abbreviated object names to stay unique for sufficiently long - time. + Set the length object names are abbreviated to. If + unspecified or set to "auto", an appropriate value is + computed based on the approximate number of packed objects + in your repository, which hopefully is enough for + abbreviated object names to stay unique for some time. add.ignoreErrors:: add.ignore-errors (deprecated):: @@ -1409,7 +1410,9 @@ gc.pruneExpire:: Override the grace period with this config variable. The value "now" may be used to disable this grace period and always prune unreachable objects immediately, or "never" may be used to - suppress pruning. + suppress pruning. This feature helps prevent corruption when + 'git gc' runs concurrently with another process writing to the + repository; see the "NOTES" section of linkgit:git-gc[1]. gc.worktreePruneExpire:: When 'git gc' is run, it calls @@ -1736,6 +1739,20 @@ http.emptyAuth:: a username in the URL, as libcurl normally requires a username for authentication. +http.delegation:: + Control GSSAPI credential delegation. The delegation is disabled + by default in libcurl since version 7.21.7. Set parameter to tell + the server what it is allowed to delegate when it comes to user + credentials. Used with GSS/kerberos. Possible values are: ++ +-- +* `none` - Don't allow any delegation. +* `policy` - Delegates if and only if the OK-AS-DELEGATE flag is set in the + Kerberos service ticket, which is a matter of realm policy. +* `always` - Unconditionally allow the server to delegate. +-- + + http.extraHeader:: Pass an additional HTTP header when communicating with a server. If more than one such entry exists, all of them are added as extra @@ -1877,6 +1894,16 @@ http.userAgent:: of common USER_AGENT strings (but not including those like git/1.7.1). Can be overridden by the `GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT` environment variable. +http.followRedirects:: + Whether git should follow HTTP redirects. If set to `true`, git + will transparently follow any redirect issued by a server it + encounters. If set to `false`, git will treat all redirects as + errors. If set to `initial`, git will follow redirects only for + the initial request to a remote, but not for subsequent + follow-up HTTP requests. Since git uses the redirected URL as + the base for the follow-up requests, this is generally + sufficient. The default is `initial`. + http.<url>.*:: Any of the http.* options above can be applied selectively to some URLs. For a config key to match a URL, each element of the config key is @@ -2294,6 +2321,52 @@ pretty.<name>:: Note that an alias with the same name as a built-in format will be silently ignored. +protocol.allow:: + If set, provide a user defined default policy for all protocols which + don't explicitly have a policy (`protocol.<name>.allow`). By default, + if unset, known-safe protocols (http, https, git, ssh, file) have a + default policy of `always`, known-dangerous protocols (ext) have a + default policy of `never`, and all other protocols have a default + policy of `user`. Supported policies: ++ +-- + +* `always` - protocol is always able to be used. + +* `never` - protocol is never able to be used. + +* `user` - protocol is only able to be used when `GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER` is + either unset or has a value of 1. This policy should be used when you want a + protocol to be directly usable by the user but don't want it used by commands which + execute clone/fetch/push commands without user input, e.g. recursive + submodule initialization. + +-- + +protocol.<name>.allow:: + Set a policy to be used by protocol `<name>` with clone/fetch/push + commands. See `protocol.allow` above for the available policies. ++ +The protocol names currently used by git are: ++ +-- + - `file`: any local file-based path (including `file://` URLs, + or local paths) + + - `git`: the anonymous git protocol over a direct TCP + connection (or proxy, if configured) + + - `ssh`: git over ssh (including `host:path` syntax, + `ssh://`, etc). + + - `http`: git over http, both "smart http" and "dumb http". + Note that this does _not_ include `https`; if you want to configure + both, you must do so individually. + + - any external helpers are named by their protocol (e.g., use + `hg` to allow the `git-remote-hg` helper) +-- + pull.ff:: By default, Git does not create an extra merge commit when merging a commit that is a descendant of the current commit. Instead, the @@ -2436,7 +2509,7 @@ rebase.missingCommitsCheck:: command in the todo-list. Defaults to "ignore". -rebase.instructionFormat +rebase.instructionFormat:: A format string, as specified in linkgit:git-log[1], to be used for the instruction list during an interactive rebase. The format will automatically have the long commit hash prepended to the format. @@ -2811,12 +2884,13 @@ stash.showStat:: option will show diffstat of the stash. Defaults to true. See description of 'show' command in linkgit:git-stash[1]. -submodule.<name>.path:: submodule.<name>.url:: - The path within this project and URL for a submodule. These - variables are initially populated by 'git submodule init'. See - linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for - details. + The URL for a submodule. This variable is copied from the .gitmodules + file to the git config via 'git submodule init'. The user can change + the configured URL before obtaining the submodule via 'git submodule + update'. After obtaining the submodule, the presence of this variable + is used as a sign whether the submodule is of interest to git commands. + See linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details. submodule.<name>.update:: The default update procedure for a submodule. This variable @@ -2915,6 +2989,11 @@ is omitted from the advertisements but `refs/heads/master` and `refs/namespaces/bar/refs/heads/master` are still advertised as so-called "have" lines. In order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of the ref name. If you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first. ++ +Even if you hide refs, a client may still be able to steal the target +objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY" section of the +linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's best to keep private data in a +separate repository. transfer.unpackLimit:: When `fetch.unpackLimit` or `receive.unpackLimit` are @@ -2924,7 +3003,7 @@ transfer.unpackLimit:: uploadarchive.allowUnreachable:: If true, allow clients to use `git archive --remote` to request any tree, whether reachable from the ref tips or not. See the - discussion in the `SECURITY` section of + discussion in the "SECURITY" section of linkgit:git-upload-archive[1] for more details. Defaults to `false`. @@ -2938,12 +3017,23 @@ uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant:: When `uploadpack.hideRefs` is in effect, allow `upload-pack` to accept a fetch request that asks for an object at the tip of a hidden ref (by default, such a request is rejected). - see also `uploadpack.hideRefs`. + See also `uploadpack.hideRefs`. Even if this is false, a client + may be able to steal objects via the techniques described in the + "SECURITY" section of the linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's + best to keep private data in a separate repository. uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant:: Allow `upload-pack` to accept a fetch request that asks for an object that is reachable from any ref tip. However, note that calculating object reachability is computationally expensive. + Defaults to `false`. Even if this is false, a client may be able + to steal objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY" + section of the linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] man page; it's best to + keep private data in a separate repository. + +uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant:: + Allow `upload-pack` to accept a fetch request that asks for any + object at all. Defaults to `false`. uploadpack.keepAlive:: @@ -3023,17 +3113,39 @@ user.signingKey:: This option is passed unchanged to gpg's --local-user parameter, so you may specify a key using any method that gpg supports. -versionsort.prereleaseSuffix:: - When version sort is used in linkgit:git-tag[1], prerelease - tags (e.g. "1.0-rc1") may appear after the main release - "1.0". By specifying the suffix "-rc" in this variable, - "1.0-rc1" will appear before "1.0". -+ -This variable can be specified multiple times, once per suffix. The -order of suffixes in the config file determines the sorting order -(e.g. if "-pre" appears before "-rc" in the config file then 1.0-preXX -is sorted before 1.0-rcXX). The sorting order between different -suffixes is undefined if they are in multiple config files. +versionsort.prereleaseSuffix (deprecated):: + Deprecated alias for `versionsort.suffix`. Ignored if + `versionsort.suffix` is set. + +versionsort.suffix:: + Even when version sort is used in linkgit:git-tag[1], tagnames + with the same base version but different suffixes are still sorted + lexicographically, resulting e.g. in prerelease tags appearing + after the main release (e.g. "1.0-rc1" after "1.0"). This + variable can be specified to determine the sorting order of tags + with different suffixes. ++ +By specifying a single suffix in this variable, any tagname containing +that suffix will appear before the corresponding main release. E.g. if +the variable is set to "-rc", then all "1.0-rcX" tags will appear before +"1.0". If specified multiple times, once per suffix, then the order of +suffixes in the configuration will determine the sorting order of tagnames +with those suffixes. E.g. if "-pre" appears before "-rc" in the +configuration, then all "1.0-preX" tags will be listed before any +"1.0-rcX" tags. The placement of the main release tag relative to tags +with various suffixes can be determined by specifying the empty suffix +among those other suffixes. E.g. if the suffixes "-rc", "", "-ck" and +"-bfs" appear in the configuration in this order, then all "v4.8-rcX" tags +are listed first, followed by "v4.8", then "v4.8-ckX" and finally +"v4.8-bfsX". ++ +If more than one suffixes match the same tagname, then that tagname will +be sorted according to the suffix which starts at the earliest position in +the tagname. If more than one different matching suffixes start at +that earliest position, then that tagname will be sorted according to the +longest of those suffixes. +The sorting order between different suffixes is undefined if they are +in multiple config files. web.browser:: Specify a web browser that may be used by some commands. diff --git a/Documentation/date-formats.txt b/Documentation/date-formats.txt index 35e8da201..6926e0a4c 100644 --- a/Documentation/date-formats.txt +++ b/Documentation/date-formats.txt @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Git internal format:: It is `<unix timestamp> <time zone offset>`, where `<unix timestamp>` is the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch. `<time zone offset>` is a positive or negative offset from UTC. - For example CET (which is 2 hours ahead UTC) is `+0200`. + For example CET (which is 1 hour ahead of UTC) is `+0100`. RFC 2822:: The standard email format as described by RFC 2822, for example diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt index b27a38f89..cbce8ec63 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt @@ -60,6 +60,12 @@ diff.context:: Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of the default of 3. This value is overridden by the -U option. +diff.interHunkContext:: + Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number + of lines, thereby fusing the hunks that are close to each other. + This value serves as the default for the `--inter-hunk-context` + command line option. + diff.external:: If this config variable is set, diff generation is not performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the @@ -99,9 +105,10 @@ diff.noprefix:: If set, 'git diff' does not show any source or destination prefix. diff.orderFile:: - File indicating how to order files within a diff, using - one shell glob pattern per line. - Can be overridden by the '-O' option to linkgit:git-diff[1]. + File indicating how to order files within a diff. + See the '-O' option to linkgit:git-diff[1] for details. + If `diff.orderFile` is a relative pathname, it is treated as + relative to the top of the working tree. diff.renameLimit:: The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename @@ -172,10 +179,8 @@ diff.tool:: include::mergetools-diff.txt[] diff.indentHeuristic:: -diff.compactionHeuristic:: - Set one of these options to `true` to enable one of two - experimental heuristics that shift diff hunk boundaries to - make patches easier to read. + Set this option to `true` to enable experimental heuristics + that shift diff hunk boundaries to make patches easier to read. diff.algorithm:: Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows: @@ -193,3 +198,9 @@ diff.algorithm:: low-occurrence common elements". -- + + +diff.wsErrorHighlight:: + A comma separated list of `old`, `new`, `context`, that + specifies how whitespace errors on lines are highlighted + with `color.diff.whitespace`. Can be overridden by the + command line option `--ws-error-highlight=<kind>` diff --git a/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt index 36cb549df..d4f3d9550 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-heuristic-options.txt @@ -1,7 +1,5 @@ --indent-heuristic:: --no-indent-heuristic:: ---compaction-heuristic:: ---no-compaction-heuristic:: These are to help debugging and tuning experimental heuristics (which are off by default) that shift diff hunk boundaries to make patches easier to read. diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt index 2d77a1962..d91ddbd5f 100644 --- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt @@ -308,6 +308,8 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[] lines are highlighted. E.g. `--ws-error-highlight=new,old` highlights whitespace errors on both deleted and added lines. `all` can be used as a short-hand for `old,new,context`. + The `diff.wsErrorHighlight` configuration variable can be + used to specify the default behaviour. endif::git-format-patch[] @@ -464,11 +466,41 @@ information. endif::git-format-patch[] -O<orderfile>:: - Output the patch in the order specified in the - <orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line. + Control the order in which files appear in the output. This overrides the `diff.orderFile` configuration variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]). To cancel `diff.orderFile`, use `-O/dev/null`. ++ +The output order is determined by the order of glob patterns in +<orderfile>. +All files with pathnames that match the first pattern are output +first, all files with pathnames that match the second pattern (but not +the first) are output next, and so on. +All files with pathnames that do not match any pattern are output +last, as if there was an implicit match-all pattern at the end of the +file. +If multiple pathnames have the same rank (they match the same pattern +but no earlier patterns), their output order relative to each other is +the normal order. ++ +<orderfile> is parsed as follows: ++ +-- + - Blank lines are ignored, so they can be used as separators for + readability. + + - Lines starting with a hash ("`#`") are ignored, so they can be used + for comments. Add a backslash ("`\`") to the beginning of the + pattern if it starts with a hash. + + - Each other line contains a single pattern. +-- ++ +Patterns have the same syntax and semantics as patterns used for +fnmantch(3) without the FNM_PATHNAME flag, except a pathname also +matches a pattern if removing any number of the final pathname +components matches the pattern. For example, the pattern "`foo*bar`" +matches "`fooasdfbar`" and "`foo/bar/baz/asdf`" but not "`foobarx`". ifndef::git-format-patch[] -R:: @@ -509,6 +541,8 @@ endif::git-format-patch[] --inter-hunk-context=<lines>:: Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other. + Defaults to `diff.interHunkContext` or 0 if the config option + is unset. -W:: --function-context:: @@ -570,5 +604,13 @@ endif::git-format-patch[] --line-prefix=<prefix>:: Prepend an additional prefix to every line of output. +--ita-invisible-in-index:: + By default entries added by "git add -N" appear as an existing + empty file in "git diff" and a new file in "git diff --cached". + This option makes the entry appear as a new file in "git diff" + and non-existent in "git diff --cached". This option could be + reverted with `--ita-visible-in-index`. Both options are + experimental and could be removed in future. + For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also linkgit:gitdiffcore[7]. diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt index 9eab1f5fa..fb6bebbc6 100644 --- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt @@ -14,6 +14,20 @@ linkgit:git-clone[1]), deepen or shorten the history to the specified number of commits. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched. +--deepen=<depth>:: + Similar to --depth, except it specifies the number of commits + from the current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of + each remote branch history. + +--shallow-since=<date>:: + Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to + include all reachable commits after <date>. + +--shallow-exclude=<revision>:: + Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to + exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. + This option can be specified multiple times. + --unshallow:: If the source repository is complete, convert a shallow repository to a complete one, removing all the limitations diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt index 2bb9a577a..bdd915a66 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-bisect.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-bisect.txt @@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ on the subcommand: git bisect start [--term-{old,good}=<term> --term-{new,bad}=<term>] [--no-checkout] [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...] - git bisect (bad|new) [<rev>] - git bisect (good|old) [<rev>...] + git bisect (bad|new|<term-new>) [<rev>] + git bisect (good|old|<term-old>) [<rev>...] git bisect terms [--term-good | --term-bad] git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...] git bisect reset [<commit>] diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt index 9dccb3319..fdc3aea30 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [verse] 'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-p] [-w] [--incremental] [-L <range>] [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>] - [--progress] [--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>] + [--progress] [--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>..<rev>] [--] <file> DESCRIPTION diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt index 1fe73448f..5516a47b5 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt @@ -118,6 +118,10 @@ OPTIONS default to color output. Same as `--color=never`. +-i:: +--ignore-case:: + Sorting and filtering branches are case insensitive. + --column[=<options>]:: --no-column:: Display branch listing in columns. See configuration variable diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt index e316c4bd5..35cc34b2f 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt @@ -197,6 +197,14 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository. tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly, also pass `--shallow-submodules`. +--shallow-since=<date>:: + Create a shallow clone with a history after the specified time. + +--shallow-exclude=<revision>:: + Create a shallow clone with a history, excluding commits + reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. This option + can be specified multiple times. + --[no-]single-branch:: Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch, either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt index b0a294d3b..4f8f20a36 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt @@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways: 2. by using 'git rm' to remove files from the working tree and the index, again before using the 'commit' command; -3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command, in which +3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command + (without --interactive or --patch switch), in which case the commit will ignore changes staged in the index, and instead record the current content of the listed files (which must already be known to Git); @@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways: actual commit; 5. by using the --interactive or --patch switches with the 'commit' command - to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit, + to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit + in addition to contents in the index, before finalizing the operation. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate these modes. @@ -263,7 +265,8 @@ FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].) If this option is specified together with `--amend`, then no paths need to be specified, which can be used to amend the last commit without committing changes that have - already been staged. + already been staged. If used together with `--allow-empty` + paths are also not required, and an empty commit will be created. -u[<mode>]:: --untracked-files[=<mode>]:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt index 2ff35683e..cb9b4d2e4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-count-objects.txt @@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ objects nor valid packs + size-garbage: disk space consumed by garbage files, in KiB (unless -H is specified) ++ +alternate: absolute path of alternate object databases; may appear +multiple times, one line per path. Note that if the path contains +non-printable characters, it may be surrounded by double-quotes and +contain C-style backslashed escape sequences. -H:: --human-readable:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt index 24417ee3a..f7ebe36a7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt @@ -87,6 +87,20 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet. 'git-upload-pack' treats the special depth 2147483647 as infinite even if there is an ancestor-chain that long. +--shallow-since=<date>:: + Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow'repository to + include all reachable commits after <date>. + +--shallow-exclude=<revision>:: + Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to + exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. + This option can be specified multiple times. + +--deepen-relative:: + Argument --depth specifies the number of commits from the + current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of each + remote branch history. + --no-progress:: Do not show the progress. @@ -105,9 +119,9 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet. $GIT_DIR (e.g. "HEAD", "refs/heads/master"). When unspecified, update from all heads the remote side has. + -If the remote has enabled the options `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant` or -`uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant`, they may alternatively be 40-hex -sha1s present on the remote. +If the remote has enabled the options `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant`, +`uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant`, or `uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant`, +they may alternatively be 40-hex sha1s present on the remote. SEE ALSO -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt index 9e4216999..b153aefa6 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fetch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fetch.txt @@ -192,6 +192,8 @@ The first command fetches the `maint` branch from the repository at objects will eventually be removed by git's built-in housekeeping (see linkgit:git-gc[1]). +include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[] + BUGS ---- Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt index 6526b178e..44892c447 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt @@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ merge.summary:: EXAMPLE ------- --- +--------- $ git fetch origin master $ git fmt-merge-msg --log <$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD --- +--------- Print a log message describing a merge of the "master" branch from the "origin" remote. diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt index f57e69bc8..abe13f3be 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt @@ -79,6 +79,9 @@ OPTIONS Only list refs which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not specified). +--ignore-case:: + Sorting and filtering refs are case insensitive. + FIELD NAMES ----------- @@ -165,6 +168,8 @@ of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line. The next line is 'contents:body', where body is all of the lines after the first blank line. The optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`. The first `N` lines of the message is obtained using `contents:lines=N`. +Additionally, the trailers as interpreted by linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1] +are obtained as 'contents:trailers'. For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `creatordate`, `taggerdate`). diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt index bed60f471..852b72c67 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt @@ -63,11 +63,10 @@ automatic consolidation of packs. --prune=<date>:: Prune loose objects older than date (default is 2 weeks ago, overridable by the config variable `gc.pruneExpire`). - --prune=all prunes loose objects regardless of their age (do - not use --prune=all unless you know exactly what you are doing. - Unless the repository is quiescent, you will lose newly created - objects that haven't been anchored with the refs and end up - corrupting your repository). --prune is on by default. + --prune=all prunes loose objects regardless of their age and + increases the risk of corruption if another process is writing to + the repository concurrently; see "NOTES" below. --prune is on by + default. --no-prune:: Do not prune any loose objects. @@ -138,17 +137,36 @@ default is "2 weeks ago". Notes ----- -'git gc' tries very hard to be safe about the garbage it collects. In +'git gc' tries very hard not to delete objects that are referenced +anywhere in your repository. In particular, it will keep not only objects referenced by your current set of branches and tags, but also objects referenced by the index, remote-tracking branches, refs saved by 'git filter-branch' in refs/original/, or reflogs (which may reference commits in branches that were later amended or rewound). - -If you are expecting some objects to be collected and they aren't, check +If you are expecting some objects to be deleted and they aren't, check all of those locations and decide whether it makes sense in your case to remove those references. +On the other hand, when 'git gc' runs concurrently with another process, +there is a risk of it deleting an object that the other process is using +but hasn't created a reference to. This may just cause the other process +to fail or may corrupt the repository if the other process later adds a +reference to the deleted object. Git has two features that significantly +mitigate this problem: + +. Any object with modification time newer than the `--prune` date is kept, + along with everything reachable from it. + +. Most operations that add an object to the database update the + modification time of the object if it is already present so that #1 + applies. + +However, these features fall short of a complete solution, so users who +run commands concurrently have to live with some risk of corruption (which +seems to be low in practice) unless they turn off automatic garbage +collection with 'git config gc.auto 0'. + HOOKS ----- diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt index 0ecea6e49..71f32f350 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--threads <num>] [-f <file>] [-e] <pattern> [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...] + [--recurse-submodules] [--parent-basename <basename>] [ [--[no-]exclude-standard] [--cached | --no-index | --untracked] | <tree>...] [--] [<pathspec>...] @@ -88,6 +89,19 @@ OPTIONS mechanism. Only useful when searching files in the current directory with `--no-index`. +--recurse-submodules:: + Recursively search in each submodule that has been initialized and + checked out in the repository. When used in combination with the + <tree> option the prefix of all submodule output will be the name of + the parent project's <tree> object. + +--parent-basename <basename>:: + For internal use only. In order to produce uniform output with the + --recurse-submodules option, this option can be used to provide the + basename of a parent's <tree> object to a submodule so the submodule + can prefix its output with the parent's name rather than the SHA1 of + the submodule. + -a:: --text:: Process binary files as if they were text. diff --git a/Documentation/git-gui.txt b/Documentation/git-gui.txt index c1a3e8bf0..5f93f8003 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-gui.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-gui.txt @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ blame:: browser:: Start a tree browser showing all files in the specified - commit (or `HEAD` by default). Files selected through the + commit. Files selected through the browser are opened in the blame viewer. citool:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt index 93d1db652..09074c75a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt @@ -48,19 +48,22 @@ with only spaces at the end of the commit message part, one blank line will be added before the new trailer. Existing trailers are extracted from the input message by looking for -a group of one or more lines that contain a colon (by default), where -the group is preceded by one or more empty (or whitespace-only) lines. +a group of one or more lines that (i) are all trailers, or (ii) contains at +least one Git-generated or user-configured trailer and consists of at +least 25% trailers. +The group must be preceded by one or more empty (or whitespace-only) lines. The group must either be at the end of the message or be the last non-whitespace lines before a line that starts with '---'. Such three minus signs start the patch part of the message. -When reading trailers, there can be whitespaces before and after the +When reading trailers, there can be whitespaces after the token, the separator and the value. There can also be whitespaces -inside the token and the value. +inside the token and the value. The value may be split over multiple lines with +each subsequent line starting with whitespace, like the "folding" in RFC 822. Note that 'trailers' do not follow and are not intended to follow many -rules for RFC 822 headers. For example they do not follow the line -folding rules, the encoding rules and probably many other rules. +rules for RFC 822 headers. For example they do not follow +the encoding rules and probably many other rules. OPTIONS ------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt index 0d933ac35..446209e20 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-ls-files.txt @@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ SYNOPSIS [--exclude-per-directory=<file>] [--exclude-standard] [--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>] - [--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>...] + [--full-name] [--recurse-submodules] + [--abbrev] [--] [<file>...] DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -137,6 +138,10 @@ a space) at the start of each line: option forces paths to be output relative to the project top directory. +--recurse-submodules:: + Recursively calls ls-files on each submodule in the repository. + Currently there is only support for the --cached mode. + --abbrev[=<n>]:: Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object lines, show only a partial prefix. diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt index 808426faa..b968b64c3 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt @@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ which is reachable from both 'A' and 'B' through the parent relationship. For example, with this topology: - o---o---o---B - / + o---o---o---B + / ---o---1---o---o---o---A the merge base between 'A' and 'B' is '1'. @@ -116,11 +116,11 @@ the best common ancestor of all commits. When the history involves criss-cross merges, there can be more than one 'best' common ancestor for two commits. For example, with this topology: - ---1---o---A - \ / - X - / \ - ---2---o---o---B + ---1---o---A + \ / + X + / \ + ---2---o---o---B both '1' and '2' are merge-bases of A and B. Neither one is better than the other (both are 'best' merge bases). When the `--all` option is not given, @@ -154,13 +154,13 @@ topic origin/master`, the history of remote-tracking branch `origin/master` may have been rewound and rebuilt, leading to a history of this shape: - o---B1 - / + o---B1 + / ---o---o---B2--o---o---o---B (origin/master) - \ - B3 - \ - Derived (topic) + \ + B3 + \ + Derived (topic) where `origin/master` used to point at commits B3, B2, B1 and now it points at B, and your `topic` branch was started on top of it back diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt index b758d5556..ca3c27b88 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...] 'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>... 'git merge' --abort +'git merge' --continue DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ reconstruct the original (pre-merge) changes. Therefore: discouraged: while possible, it may leave you in a state that is hard to back out of in the case of a conflict. +The fourth syntax ("`git merge --continue`") can only be run after the +merge has resulted in conflicts. OPTIONS ------- @@ -99,6 +102,11 @@ commit or stash your changes before running 'git merge'. 'git merge --abort' is equivalent to 'git reset --merge' when `MERGE_HEAD` is present. +--continue:: + After a 'git merge' stops due to conflicts you can conclude the + merge by running 'git merge --continue' (see "HOW TO RESOLVE + CONFLICTS" section below). + <commit>...:: Commits, usually other branch heads, to merge into our branch. Specifying more than one commit will create a merge with diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt index e846c2ed7..3622d6648 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt @@ -79,6 +79,13 @@ success of the resolution after the custom tool has exited. Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program to give the user a chance to skip the path. +-O<orderfile>:: + Process files in the order specified in the + <orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line. + This overrides the `diff.orderFile` configuration variable + (see linkgit:git-config[1]). To cancel `diff.orderFile`, + use `-O/dev/null`. + TEMPORARY FILES --------------- `git mergetool` creates `*.orig` backup files while resolving merges. diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt index c83aaf39c..7436c64a9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-p4.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt @@ -303,6 +303,15 @@ These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior. submit manually or revert. This option always stops after the first (oldest) commit. Git tags are not exported to p4. +--shelve:: + Instead of submitting create a series of shelved changelists. + After creating each shelve, the relevant files are reverted/deleted. + If you have multiple commits pending multiple shelves will be created. + +--update-shelve CHANGELIST:: + Update an existing shelved changelist with this commit. Implies + --shelve. + --conflict=(ask|skip|quit):: Conflicts can occur when applying a commit to p4. When this happens, the default behavior ("ask") is to prompt whether to @@ -467,6 +476,12 @@ git-p4.client:: Client specified as an option to all p4 commands, with '-c <client>', including the client spec. +git-p4.retries:: + Specifies the number of times to retry a p4 command (notably, + 'p4 sync') if the network times out. The default value is 3. + Set the value to 0 to disable retries or if your p4 version + does not support retries (pre 2012.2). + Clone and sync variables ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ git-p4.syncFromOrigin:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt index d033b258e..4470e4b57 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt @@ -237,6 +237,8 @@ If you tried a pull which resulted in complex conflicts and would want to start over, you can recover with 'git reset'. +include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[] + BUGS ---- Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt index 47b77e693..8eefabd0d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-push.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt @@ -559,6 +559,8 @@ Commits A and B would no longer belong to a branch with a symbolic name, and so would be unreachable. As such, these commits would be removed by a `git gc` command on the origin repository. +include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[] + GIT --- Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt index de222c81a..67d48e688 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [<upstream> [<branch>]] 'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>] --root [<branch>] -'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --edit-todo +'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --edit-todo DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -252,6 +252,11 @@ leave out at most one of A and B, in which case it defaults to HEAD. will be reset to where it was when the rebase operation was started. +--quit:: + Abort the rebase operation but HEAD is not reset back to the + original branch. The index and working tree are also left + unchanged as a result. + --keep-empty:: Keep the commits that do not change anything from its parents in the result. diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt index b6c6326cd..7241e9689 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt @@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ repository. For example: ---- prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix) cd "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)" -eval "set -- $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" "$@")" +# rev-parse provides the -- needed for 'set' +eval "set $(git rev-parse --sq --prefix "$prefix" -- "$@")" ---- --verify:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt index 31af7f273..ee6c5476c 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt @@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ OPTIONS Each pretty-printed commit will be rewrapped before it is shown. +-c:: +--committer:: + Collect and show committer identities instead of authors. + -w[<width>[,<indent1>[,<indent2>]]]:: Linewrap the output by wrapping each line at `width`. The first line of each entry is indented by `indent1` spaces, and the second diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt index 92df596e5..2e9cef06e 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt @@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ The latest stash you created is stored in `refs/stash`; older stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the most recently created stash, `stash@{1}` is the one before it, `stash@{2.hours.ago}` -is also possible). +is also possible). Stashes may also be referenced by specifying just the +stash index (e.g. the integer `n` is equivalent to `stash@{n}`). OPTIONS ------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt index bf3bb372e..918bd1d1b 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [commit] [--] [<path>...] 'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command> 'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...] +'git submodule' [--quiet] absorbgitdirs [--] [<path>...] DESCRIPTION @@ -245,6 +246,20 @@ sync:: If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the registered submodules, and sync any nested submodules within. +absorbgitdirs:: + If a git directory of a submodule is inside the submodule, + move the git directory of the submodule into its superprojects + `$GIT_DIR/modules` path and then connect the git directory and + its working directory by setting the `core.worktree` and adding + a .git file pointing to the git directory embedded in the + superprojects git directory. ++ +A repository that was cloned independently and later added as a submodule or +old setups have the submodules git directory inside the submodule instead of +embedded into the superprojects git directory. ++ +This command is recursive by default. + OPTIONS ------- -q:: @@ -259,7 +274,9 @@ OPTIONS --branch:: Branch of repository to add as submodule. The name of the branch is recorded as `submodule.<name>.branch` in - `.gitmodules` for `update --remote`. + `.gitmodules` for `update --remote`. A special value of `.` is used to + indicate that the name of the branch in the submodule should be the + same name as the current branch in the current repository. -f:: --force:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt index 5f9e65b0c..9bee9b0c4 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt @@ -664,13 +664,19 @@ creating the branch or tag. When retrieving svn commits into Git (as part of 'fetch', 'rebase', or 'dcommit' operations), look for the first `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line in the log message and use that as the author string. ++ +[verse] +config key: svn.useLogAuthor + --add-author-from:: When committing to svn from Git (as part of 'commit-diff', 'set-tree' or 'dcommit' operations), if the existing log message doesn't already have a `From:` or `Signed-off-by:` line, append a `From:` line based on the Git commit's author string. If you use this, then `--use-log-author` will retrieve a valid author string for all commits. - ++ +[verse] +config key: svn.addAuthorFrom ADVANCED OPTIONS ---------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt index 3bb5e3c23..8e70c5b6a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt @@ -101,13 +101,17 @@ OPTIONS multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary key. Also supports "version:refname" or "v:refname" (tag names are treated as versions). The "version:refname" sort - order can also be affected by the - "versionsort.prereleaseSuffix" configuration variable. + order can also be affected by the "versionsort.suffix" + configuration variable. The keys supported are the same as those in `git for-each-ref`. Sort order defaults to the value configured for the `tag.sort` variable if it exists, or lexicographic order otherwise. See linkgit:git-config[1]. +-i:: +--ignore-case:: + Sorting and filtering tags are case insensitive. + --column[=<options>]:: --no-column:: Display tag listing in columns. See configuration variable @@ -253,9 +257,8 @@ On Automatic following ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you are following somebody else's tree, you are most likely -using remote-tracking branches (`refs/heads/origin` in traditional -layout, or `refs/remotes/origin/master` in the separate-remote -layout). You usually want the tags from the other end. +using remote-tracking branches (eg. `refs/remotes/origin/master`). +You usually want the tags from the other end. On the other hand, if you are fetching because you would want a one-shot merge from somebody else, you typically do not want to diff --git a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt index 0aeb020d0..e257c19eb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-worktree.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-worktree.txt @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ OPTIONS + If the last path components in the working tree's path is unique among working trees, it can be used to identify worktrees. For example if -you only have to working trees at "/abc/def/ghi" and "/abc/def/ggg", +you only have two working trees, at "/abc/def/ghi" and "/abc/def/ggg", then "ghi" or "def/ghi" is enough to point to the former working tree. DETAILS diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index 7913fc251..4f208fab9 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>] + [--super-prefix=<path>] <command> [<args>] DESCRIPTION @@ -43,9 +44,17 @@ unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master' branch of the `git.git` repository. Documentation for older releases are available here: -* link:v2.10.0/git.html[documentation for release 2.10] +* link:v2.11.1/git.html[documentation for release 2.11.1] * release notes for + link:RelNotes/2.11.1.txt[2.11.1], + link:RelNotes/2.11.0.txt[2.11]. + +* link:v2.10.2/git.html[documentation for release 2.10.2] + +* release notes for + link:RelNotes/2.10.2.txt[2.10.2], + link:RelNotes/2.10.1.txt[2.10.1], link:RelNotes/2.10.0.txt[2.10]. * link:v2.9.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.9.3] @@ -601,6 +610,11 @@ foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string. details. Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment variable. +--super-prefix=<path>:: + Currently for internal use only. Set a prefix which gives a path from + above a repository down to its root. One use is to give submodules + context about the superproject that invoked it. + --bare:: Treat the repository as a bare repository. If GIT_DIR environment is not set, it is set to the current working @@ -858,6 +872,12 @@ Git so take care if using a foreign front-end. specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git objects. New objects will not be written to these directories. ++ + Entries that begin with `"` (double-quote) will be interpreted + as C-style quoted paths, removing leading and trailing + double-quotes and respecting backslash escapes. E.g., the value + `"path-with-\"-and-:-in-it":vanilla-path` has two paths: + `path-with-"-and-:-in-it` and `vanilla-path`. `GIT_DIR`:: If the `GIT_DIR` environment variable is set then it @@ -1142,30 +1162,20 @@ of clones and fetches. cloning a repository to make a backup). `GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL`:: - If set, provide a colon-separated list of protocols which are - allowed to be used with fetch/push/clone. This is useful to - restrict recursive submodule initialization from an untrusted - repository. Any protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e., - this is a whitelist, not a blacklist). If the variable is not - set at all, all protocols are enabled. The protocol names - currently used by git are: - - - `file`: any local file-based path (including `file://` URLs, - or local paths) - - - `git`: the anonymous git protocol over a direct TCP - connection (or proxy, if configured) - - - `ssh`: git over ssh (including `host:path` syntax, - `ssh://`, etc). - - - `http`: git over http, both "smart http" and "dumb http". - Note that this does _not_ include `https`; if you want both, - you should specify both as `http:https`. - - - any external helpers are named by their protocol (e.g., use - `hg` to allow the `git-remote-hg` helper) - + If set to a colon-separated list of protocols, behave as if + `protocol.allow` is set to `never`, and each of the listed + protocols has `protocol.<name>.allow` set to `always` + (overriding any existing configuration). In other words, any + protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e., this is a + whitelist, not a blacklist). See the description of + `protocol.allow` in linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. + +`GIT_PROTOCOL_FROM_USER`:: + Set to 0 to prevent protocols used by fetch/push/clone which are + configured to the `user` state. This is useful to restrict recursive + submodule initialization from an untrusted repository or for programs + which feed potentially-untrusted URLS to git commands. See + linkgit:git-config[1] for more details. Discussion[[Discussion]] ------------------------ diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt index 7aff94020..e0b66c122 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt @@ -293,7 +293,15 @@ checkout, when the `smudge` command is specified, the command is fed the blob object from its standard input, and its standard output is used to update the worktree file. Similarly, the `clean` command is used to convert the contents of worktree file -upon checkin. +upon checkin. By default these commands process only a single +blob and terminate. If a long running `process` filter is used +in place of `clean` and/or `smudge` filters, then Git can process +all blobs with a single filter command invocation for the entire +life of a single Git command, for example `git add --all`. If a +long running `process` filter is configured then it always takes +precedence over a configured single blob filter. See section +below for the description of the protocol used to communicate with +a `process` filter. One use of the content filtering is to massage the content into a shape that is more convenient for the platform, filesystem, and the user to use. @@ -373,6 +381,155 @@ not exist, or may have different contents. So, smudge and clean commands should not try to access the file on disk, but only act as filters on the content provided to them on standard input. +Long Running Filter Process +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +If the filter command (a string value) is defined via +`filter.<driver>.process` then Git can process all blobs with a +single filter invocation for the entire life of a single Git +command. This is achieved by using a packet format (pkt-line, +see technical/protocol-common.txt) based protocol over standard +input and standard output as follows. All packets, except for the +"*CONTENT" packets and the "0000" flush packet, are considered +text and therefore are terminated by a LF. + +Git starts the filter when it encounters the first file +that needs to be cleaned or smudged. After the filter started +Git sends a welcome message ("git-filter-client"), a list of supported +protocol version numbers, and a flush packet. Git expects to read a welcome +response message ("git-filter-server"), exactly one protocol version number +from the previously sent list, and a flush packet. All further +communication will be based on the selected version. The remaining +protocol description below documents "version=2". Please note that +"version=42" in the example below does not exist and is only there +to illustrate how the protocol would look like with more than one +version. + +After the version negotiation Git sends a list of all capabilities that +it supports and a flush packet. Git expects to read a list of desired +capabilities, which must be a subset of the supported capabilities list, +and a flush packet as response: +------------------------ +packet: git> git-filter-client +packet: git> version=2 +packet: git> version=42 +packet: git> 0000 +packet: git< git-filter-server +packet: git< version=2 +packet: git< 0000 +packet: git> capability=clean +packet: git> capability=smudge +packet: git> capability=not-yet-invented +packet: git> 0000 +packet: git< capability=clean +packet: git< capability=smudge +packet: git< 0000 +------------------------ +Supported filter capabilities in version 2 are "clean" and +"smudge". + +Afterwards Git sends a list of "key=value" pairs terminated with +a flush packet. The list will contain at least the filter command +(based on the supported capabilities) and the pathname of the file +to filter relative to the repository root. Right after the flush packet +Git sends the content split in zero or more pkt-line packets and a +flush packet to terminate content. Please note, that the filter +must not send any response before it received the content and the +final flush packet. Also note that the "value" of a "key=value" pair +can contain the "=" character whereas the key would never contain +that character. +------------------------ +packet: git> command=smudge +packet: git> pathname=path/testfile.dat +packet: git> 0000 +packet: git> CONTENT +packet: git> 0000 +------------------------ + +The filter is expected to respond with a list of "key=value" pairs +terminated with a flush packet. If the filter does not experience +problems then the list must contain a "success" status. Right after +these packets the filter is expected to send the content in zero +or more pkt-line packets and a flush packet at the end. Finally, a +second list of "key=value" pairs terminated with a flush packet +is expected. The filter can change the status in the second list +or keep the status as is with an empty list. Please note that the +empty list must be terminated with a flush packet regardless. + +------------------------ +packet: git< status=success +packet: git< 0000 +packet: git< SMUDGED_CONTENT +packet: git< 0000 +packet: git< 0000 # empty list, keep "status=success" unchanged! +------------------------ + +If the result content is empty then the filter is expected to respond +with a "success" status and a flush packet to signal the empty content. +------------------------ +packet: git< status=success +packet: git< 0000 +packet: git< 0000 # empty content! +packet: git< 0000 # empty list, keep "status=success" unchanged! +------------------------ + +In case the filter cannot or does not want to process the content, +it is expected to respond with an "error" status. +------------------------ +packet: git< status=error +packet: git< 0000 +------------------------ + +If the filter experiences an error during processing, then it can +send the status "error" after the content was (partially or +completely) sent. +------------------------ +packet: git< status=success +packet: git< 0000 +packet: git< HALF_WRITTEN_ERRONEOUS_CONTENT +packet: git< 0000 +packet: git< status=error +packet: git< 0000 +------------------------ + +In case the filter cannot or does not want to process the content +as well as any future content for the lifetime of the Git process, +then it is expected to respond with an "abort" status at any point +in the protocol. +------------------------ +packet: git< status=abort +packet: git< 0000 +------------------------ + +Git neither stops nor restarts the filter process in case the +"error"/"abort" status is set. However, Git sets its exit code +according to the `filter.<driver>.required` flag, mimicking the +behavior of the `filter.<driver>.clean` / `filter.<driver>.smudge` +mechanism. + +If the filter dies during the communication or does not adhere to +the protocol then Git will stop the filter process and restart it +with the next file that needs to be processed. Depending on the +`filter.<driver>.required` flag Git will interpret that as error. + +After the filter has processed a blob it is expected to wait for +the next "key=value" list containing a command. Git will close +the command pipe on exit. The filter is expected to detect EOF +and exit gracefully on its own. Git will wait until the filter +process has stopped. + +A long running filter demo implementation can be found in +`contrib/long-running-filter/example.pl` located in the Git +core repository. If you develop your own long running filter +process then the `GIT_TRACE_PACKET` environment variables can be +very helpful for debugging (see linkgit:git[1]). + +Please note that you cannot use an existing `filter.<driver>.clean` +or `filter.<driver>.smudge` command with `filter.<driver>.process` +because the former two use a different inter process communication +protocol than the latter one. + + Interaction between checkin/checkout attributes ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt index 4546fa0d7..22309cfb4 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ you want to understand Git's internals. The core Git is often called "plumbing", with the prettier user interfaces on top of it called "porcelain". You may not want to use the plumbing directly very often, but it can be good to know what the -plumbing does for when the porcelain isn't flushing. +plumbing does when the porcelain isn't flushing. Back when this document was originally written, many porcelain commands were shell scripts. For simplicity, it still uses them as @@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ $ git repack will do it for you. If you followed the tutorial examples, you would have accumulated about 17 objects in `.git/objects/??/` directories by now. 'git repack' tells you how many objects it -packed, and stores the packed file in `.git/objects/pack` +packed, and stores the packed file in the `.git/objects/pack` directory. [NOTE] @@ -1478,7 +1478,7 @@ You can repack this private repository whenever you feel like. A recommended work cycle for a "subsystem maintainer" who works on that project and has an own "public repository" goes like this: -1. Prepare your work repository, by 'git clone' the public +1. Prepare your work repository, by running 'git clone' on the public repository of the "project lead". The URL used for the initial cloning is stored in the remote.origin.url configuration variable. @@ -1543,9 +1543,9 @@ like this: Working with Others, Shared Repository Style -------------------------------------------- -If you are coming from CVS background, the style of cooperation +If you are coming from a CVS background, the style of cooperation suggested in the previous section may be new to you. You do not -have to worry. Git supports "shared public repository" style of +have to worry. Git supports the "shared public repository" style of cooperation you are probably more familiar with as well. See linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7] for the details. @@ -1635,7 +1635,7 @@ $ git show-branch ++* [master~2] Pretty-print messages. ------------ -Note that you should not do Octopus because you can. An octopus +Note that you should not do Octopus just because you can. An octopus is a valid thing to do and often makes it easier to view the commit history if you are merging more than two independent changes at the same time. However, if you have merge conflicts diff --git a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt index 35473ad02..10c8ff93c 100644 --- a/Documentation/giteveryday.txt +++ b/Documentation/giteveryday.txt @@ -307,9 +307,16 @@ master or exposed as a part of a stable branch. <9> backport a critical fix. <10> create a signed tag. <11> make sure master was not accidentally rewound beyond that -already pushed out. `ko` shorthand points at the Git maintainer's +already pushed out. +<12> In the output from `git show-branch`, `master` should have +everything `ko/master` has, and `next` should have +everything `ko/next` has, etc. +<13> push out the bleeding edge, together with new tags that point +into the pushed history. + +In this example, the `ko` shorthand points at the Git maintainer's repository at kernel.org, and looks like this: -+ + ------------ (in .git/config) [remote "ko"] @@ -320,12 +327,6 @@ repository at kernel.org, and looks like this: push = +refs/heads/pu push = refs/heads/maint ------------ -+ -<12> In the output from `git show-branch`, `master` should have -everything `ko/master` has, and `next` should have -everything `ko/next` has, etc. -<13> push out the bleeding edge, together with new tags that point -into the pushed history. Repository Administration[[ADMINISTRATION]] diff --git a/Documentation/gitk.txt b/Documentation/gitk.txt index e382dd96d..ca96c281d 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitk.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitk.txt @@ -178,19 +178,21 @@ used by default. If '$XDG_CONFIG_HOME' is not set it defaults to History ------- Gitk was the first graphical repository browser. It's written in -tcl/tk and started off in a separate repository but was later merged -into the main Git repository. +tcl/tk. +'gitk' is actually maintained as an independent project, but stable +versions are distributed as part of the Git suite for the convenience +of end users. + +gitk-git/ comes from Paul Mackerras's gitk project: + + git://ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk SEE ALSO -------- 'qgit(1)':: A repository browser written in C++ using Qt. -'gitview(1)':: - A repository browser written in Python using Gtk. It's based on - 'bzrk(1)' and distributed in the contrib area of the Git repository. - 'tig(1)':: A minimal repository browser and Git tool output highlighter written in C using Ncurses. diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt index 10dcc08ff..8f7c50f33 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt @@ -50,8 +50,11 @@ submodule.<name>.update:: submodule.<name>.branch:: A remote branch name for tracking updates in the upstream submodule. - If the option is not specified, it defaults to 'master'. See the - `--remote` documentation in linkgit:git-submodule[1] for details. + If the option is not specified, it defaults to 'master'. A special + value of `.` is used to indicate that the name of the branch in the + submodule should be the same name as the current branch in the + current repository. See the `--remote` documentation in + linkgit:git-submodule[1] for details. submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules:: This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this diff --git a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt index 7685e3651..b614969ad 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt @@ -61,22 +61,4 @@ For a simple local test, you can use linkgit:git-remote-ext[1]: git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git' ---------- -SECURITY --------- - -Anyone with access to any namespace within a repository can potentially -access objects from any other namespace stored in the same repository. -You can't directly say "give me object ABCD" if you don't have a ref to -it, but you can do some other sneaky things like: - -. Claiming to push ABCD, at which point the server will optimize out the - need for you to actually send it. Now you have a ref to ABCD and can - fetch it (claiming not to have it, of course). - -. Requesting other refs, claiming that you have ABCD, at which point the - server may generate deltas against ABCD. - -None of this causes a problem if you only host public repositories, or -if everyone who may read one namespace may also read everything in every -other namespace (for instance, if everyone in an organization has read -permission to every repository). +include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[] diff --git a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt index a4de50ad2..9e8681f9e 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitremote-helpers.txt @@ -415,6 +415,17 @@ set by Git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability. 'option depth' <depth>:: Deepens the history of a shallow repository. +'option deepen-since <timestamp>:: + Deepens the history of a shallow repository based on time. + +'option deepen-not <ref>:: + Deepens the history of a shallow repository excluding ref. + Multiple options add up. + +'option deepen-relative {'true'|'false'}:: + Deepens the history of a shallow repository relative to + current boundary. Only valid when used with "option depth". + 'option followtags' {'true'|'false'}:: If enabled the helper should automatically fetch annotated tag objects if the object the tag points at was transferred diff --git a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt index 577ee844e..a5f99cbb1 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ sharedindex.<SHA-1>:: info:: Additional information about the repository is recorded in this directory. This directory is ignored if $GIT_COMMON_DIR - is set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/index" will be used instead. + is set and "$GIT_COMMON_DIR/info" will be used instead. info/refs:: This file helps dumb transports discover what refs are diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt index a79e35024..e6320891b 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt @@ -246,13 +246,20 @@ $highlight_bin:: Note that 'highlight' feature must be set for gitweb to actually use syntax highlighting. + -*NOTE*: if you want to add support for new file type (supported by -"highlight" but not used by gitweb), you need to modify `%highlight_ext` -or `%highlight_basename`, depending on whether you detect type of file -based on extension (for example "sh") or on its basename (for example -"Makefile"). The keys of these hashes are extension and basename, -respectively, and value for given key is name of syntax to be passed via -`--syntax <syntax>` to highlighter. +*NOTE*: for a file to be highlighted, its syntax type must be detected +and that syntax must be supported by "highlight". The default syntax +detection is minimal, and there are many supported syntax types with no +detection by default. There are three options for adding syntax +detection. The first and second priority are `%highlight_basename` and +`%highlight_ext`, which detect based on basename (the full filename, for +example "Makefile") and extension (for example "sh"). The keys of these +hashes are the basename and extension, respectively, and the value for a +given key is the name of the syntax to be passed via `--syntax <syntax>` +to "highlight". The last priority is the "highlight" configuration of +`Shebang` regular expressions to detect the language based on the first +line in the file, (for example, matching the line "#!/bin/bash"). See +the highlight documentation and the default config at +/etc/highlight/filetypes.conf for more details. + For example if repositories you are hosting use "phtml" extension for PHP files, and you want to have correct syntax-highlighting for those diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt index 462255ed5..19f59cc88 100644 --- a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt +++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ The history immediately after the "revert of the merge" would look like this: ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W - / + / ---A---B where A and B are on the side development that was not so good, M is the @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ After the developers of the side branch fix their mistakes, the history may look like this: ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x - / + / ---A---B-------------------C---D where C and D are to fix what was broken in A and B, and you may already @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ In such a situation, you would want to first revert the previous revert, which would make the history look like this: ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---Y - / + / ---A---B-------------------C---D where Y is the revert of W. Such a "revert of the revert" can be done @@ -93,14 +93,14 @@ This history would (ignoring possible conflicts between what W and W..Y changed) be equivalent to not having W or Y at all in the history: ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x---- - / + / ---A---B-------------------C---D and merging the side branch again will not have conflict arising from an earlier revert and revert of the revert. ---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x-------* - / / + / / ---A---B-------------------C---D Of course the changes made in C and D still can conflict with what was @@ -111,13 +111,13 @@ faulty A and B, and redone the changes on top of the updated mainline after the revert, the history would have looked like this: ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x - / \ + / \ ---A---B A'--B'--C' If you reverted the revert in such a case as in the previous example: ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x---Y---* - / \ / + / \ / ---A---B A'--B'--C' where Y is the revert of W, A' and B' are rerolled A and B, and there may @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ lot of overlapping changes that result in conflicts. So do not do "revert of revert" blindly without thinking.. ---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x - / \ + / \ ---A---B A'--B'--C' In the history with rebased side branch, W (and M) are behind the merge diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt index a942d57f7..47b286b33 100644 --- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt +++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt @@ -143,8 +143,14 @@ ifndef::git-rev-list[] - '%N': commit notes endif::git-rev-list[] - '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit -- '%G?': show "G" for a good (valid) signature, "B" for a bad signature, - "U" for a good signature with unknown validity and "N" for no signature +- '%G?': show "G" for a good (valid) signature, + "B" for a bad signature, + "U" for a good signature with unknown validity, + "X" for a good signature that has expired, + "Y" for a good signature made by an expired key, + "R" for a good signature made by a revoked key, + "E" if the signature cannot be checked (e.g. missing key) + and "N" for no signature - '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit - '%GK': show the key used to sign a signed commit - '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}` or @@ -166,7 +172,8 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] - '%Cgreen': switch color to green - '%Cblue': switch color to blue - '%Creset': reset color -- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option; +- '%C(...)': color specification, as described under Values in the + "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of linkgit:git-config[1]; adding `auto,` at the beginning will emit color only when colors are enabled for log output (by `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and respecting the `auto` settings of the former if we are going to a @@ -192,6 +199,8 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] than given and there are spaces on its left, use those spaces - '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '% <(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)' respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is centered) +-%(trailers): display the trailers of the body as interpreted by + linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1] NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt index 7e462d384..5da7cf5a8 100644 --- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt @@ -657,8 +657,9 @@ avoid showing the commits from two parallel development track mixed together. --reverse:: - Output the commits in reverse order. - Cannot be combined with `--walk-reflogs`. + Output the commits chosen to be shown (see Commit Limiting + section above) in reverse order. Cannot be combined with + `--walk-reflogs`. Object Traversal ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt index 4bed5b1ab..ba11b9c95 100644 --- a/Documentation/revisions.txt +++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt @@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ empty range that is both reachable and unreachable from HEAD. Other <rev>{caret} Parent Shorthand Notations ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -Two other shorthands exist, particularly useful for merge commits, +Three other shorthands exist, particularly useful for merge commits, for naming a set that is formed by a commit and its parent commits. The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all parents of 'r1'. @@ -291,8 +291,15 @@ The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all parents of 'r1'. The 'r1{caret}!' notation includes commit 'r1' but excludes all of its parents. By itself, this notation denotes the single commit 'r1'. +The '<rev>{caret}-{<n>}' notation includes '<rev>' but excludes the <n>th +parent (i.e. a shorthand for '<rev>{caret}<n>..<rev>'), with '<n>' = 1 if +not given. This is typically useful for merge commits where you +can just pass '<commit>{caret}-' to get all the commits in the branch +that was merged in merge commit '<commit>' (including '<commit>' +itself). + While '<rev>{caret}<n>' was about specifying a single commit parent, these -two notations consider all its parents. For example you can say +three notations also consider its parents. For example you can say 'HEAD{caret}2{caret}@', however you cannot say 'HEAD{caret}@{caret}2'. Revision Range Summary @@ -326,6 +333,10 @@ Revision Range Summary as giving commit '<rev>' and then all its parents prefixed with '{caret}' to exclude them (and their ancestors). +'<rev>{caret}-{<n>}', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}-, HEAD{caret}-2':: + Equivalent to '<rev>{caret}<n>..<rev>', with '<n>' = 1 if not + given. + Here are a handful of examples using the Loeliger illustration above, with each step in the notation's expansion and selection carefully spelt out: @@ -339,6 +350,8 @@ spelt out: C I J F C B..C = ^B C C B...C = B ^F C G H D E B C + B^- = B^..B + = ^B^1 B E I J F B C^@ = C^1 = F I J F B^@ = B^1 B^2 B^3 diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt index 540e45568..eb1fa9853 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-setup.txt @@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ parse_pathspec(). This function takes several arguments: - prefix and args come from cmd_* functions -get_pathspec() is obsolete and should never be used in new code. - parse_pathspec() helps catch unsupported features and reject them politely. At a lower level, different pathspec-related functions may not support the same set of features. Such pathspec-sensitive diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt index 3e75497a3..dcc52943a 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt @@ -38,16 +38,20 @@ Functions `sha1_array_for_each_unique`:: Efficiently iterate over each unique element of the list, executing the callback function for each one. If the array is - not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it. + not sorted, this function has the side effect of sorting it. If + the callback returns a non-zero value, the iteration ends + immediately and the callback's return is propagated; otherwise, + 0 is returned. Examples -------- ----------------------------------------- -void print_callback(const unsigned char sha1[20], +int print_callback(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data) { printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1)); + return 0; /* always continue */ } void some_func(void) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt index 941fa178d..3dce003fd 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-submodule-config.txt @@ -47,16 +47,20 @@ Functions Can be passed to the config parsing infrastructure to parse local (worktree) submodule configurations. -`const struct submodule *submodule_from_path(const unsigned char *commit_sha1, const char *path)`:: +`const struct submodule *submodule_from_path(const unsigned char *treeish_name, const char *path)`:: - Lookup values for one submodule by its commit_sha1 and path. + Given a tree-ish in the superproject and a path, return the + submodule that is bound at the path in the named tree. -`const struct submodule *submodule_from_name(const unsigned char *commit_sha1, const char *name)`:: +`const struct submodule *submodule_from_name(const unsigned char *treeish_name, const char *name)`:: The same as above but lookup by name. -If given the null_sha1 as commit_sha1 the local configuration of a -submodule will be returned (e.g. consolidated values from local git +Whenever a submodule configuration is parsed in `parse_submodule_config_option` +via e.g. `gitmodules_config()`, it will overwrite the null_sha1 entry. +So in the normal case, when HEAD:.gitmodules is parsed first and then overlayed +with the repository configuration, the null_sha1 entry contains the local +configuration of a submodule (e.g. consolidated values from local git configuration and the .gitmodules file in the worktree). For an example usage see test-submodule-config.c. diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt index 736f3894a..c59ac9936 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt @@ -219,7 +219,9 @@ out of what the server said it could do with the first 'want' line. shallow-line = PKT-LINE("shallow" SP obj-id) - depth-request = PKT-LINE("deepen" SP depth) + depth-request = PKT-LINE("deepen" SP depth) / + PKT-LINE("deepen-since" SP timestamp) / + PKT-LINE("deepen-not" SP ref) first-want = PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id SP capability-list) additional-want = PKT-LINE("want" SP obj-id) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt index 4c28d3a8a..26dcc6f50 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt @@ -179,6 +179,31 @@ This capability adds "deepen", "shallow" and "unshallow" commands to the fetch-pack/upload-pack protocol so clients can request shallow clones. +deepen-since +------------ + +This capability adds "deepen-since" command to fetch-pack/upload-pack +protocol so the client can request shallow clones that are cut at a +specific time, instead of depth. Internally it's equivalent of doing +"rev-list --max-age=<timestamp>" on the server side. "deepen-since" +cannot be used with "deepen". + +deepen-not +---------- + +This capability adds "deepen-not" command to fetch-pack/upload-pack +protocol so the client can request shallow clones that are cut at a +specific revision, instead of depth. Internally it's equivalent of +doing "rev-list --not <rev>" on the server side. "deepen-not" +cannot be used with "deepen", but can be used with "deepen-since". + +deepen-relative +--------------- + +If this capability is requested by the client, the semantics of +"deepen" command is changed. The "depth" argument is the depth from +the current shallow boundary, instead of the depth from remote refs. + no-progress ----------- diff --git a/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt b/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..914bacc39 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/transfer-data-leaks.txt @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +SECURITY +-------- +The fetch and push protocols are not designed to prevent one side from +stealing data from the other repository that was not intended to be +shared. If you have private data that you need to protect from a malicious +peer, your best option is to store it in another repository. This applies +to both clients and servers. In particular, namespaces on a server are not +effective for read access control; you should only grant read access to a +namespace to clients that you would trust with read access to the entire +repository. + +The known attack vectors are as follows: + +. The victim sends "have" lines advertising the IDs of objects it has that + are not explicitly intended to be shared but can be used to optimize the + transfer if the peer also has them. The attacker chooses an object ID X + to steal and sends a ref to X, but isn't required to send the content of + X because the victim already has it. Now the victim believes that the + attacker has X, and it sends the content of X back to the attacker + later. (This attack is most straightforward for a client to perform on a + server, by creating a ref to X in the namespace the client has access + to and then fetching it. The most likely way for a server to perform it + on a client is to "merge" X into a public branch and hope that the user + does additional work on this branch and pushes it back to the server + without noticing the merge.) + +. As in #1, the attacker chooses an object ID X to steal. The victim sends + an object Y that the attacker already has, and the attacker falsely + claims to have X and not Y, so the victim sends Y as a delta against X. + The delta reveals regions of X that are similar to Y to the attacker. diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt index 5e0745457..bc2929867 100644 --- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt +++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt @@ -4395,6 +4395,10 @@ itself! Git Glossary ============ +[[git-explained]] +Git explained +------------- + include::glossary-content.txt[] [[git-quick-start]] @@ -4636,6 +4640,10 @@ $ git gc Appendix B: Notes and todo list for this manual =============================================== +[[todo-list]] +Todo list +--------- + This is a work in progress. The basic requirements: |