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git-worktree(1)
===============
NAME
----
git-worktree - Manage multiple worktrees
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<branch>]
'git worktree prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Manage multiple worktrees attached to the same repository.
A git repository can support multiple working trees, allowing you to check
out more than one branch at a time. With `git checkout --to` a new working
tree is associated with the repository. This new working tree is called a
"linked working tree" as opposed to the "main working tree" prepared by "git
init" or "git clone". A repository has one main working tree (if it's not a
bare repository) and zero or more linked working trees.
When you are done with a linked working tree you can simply delete it.
The working tree's administrative files in the repository (see
"DETAILS" below) will eventually be removed automatically (see
`gc.pruneworktreesexpire` in linkgit::git-config[1]), or you can run
`git worktree prune` in the main or any linked working tree to
clean up any stale administrative files.
If you move a linked working directory to another file system, or
within a file system that does not support hard links, you need to run
at least one git command inside the linked working directory
(e.g. `git status`) in order to update its administrative files in the
repository so that they do not get automatically pruned.
If a linked working tree is stored on a portable device or network share
which is not always mounted, you can prevent its administrative files from
being pruned by creating a file named 'lock' alongside the other
administrative files, optionally containing a plain text reason that
pruning should be suppressed. See section "DETAILS" for more information.
COMMANDS
--------
add <path> [<branch>]::
Create `<path>` and checkout `<branch>` into it. The new working directory
is linked to the current repository, sharing everything except working
directory specific files such as HEAD, index, etc.
+
If `<branch>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` is used, then, as a
convenience, a new branch based at HEAD is created automatically, as if
`-b $(basename <path>)` was specified.
prune::
Prune working tree information in $GIT_DIR/worktrees.
OPTIONS
-------
-f::
--force::
By default, `add` refuses to create a new worktree when `<branch>`
is already checked out by another worktree. This option overrides
that safeguard.
-b <new-branch>::
-B <new-branch>::
With `add`, create a new branch named `<new-branch>` starting at
`<branch>`, and check out `<new-branch>` into the new worktree.
If `<branch>` is omitted, it defaults to HEAD.
By default, `-b` refuses to create a new branch if it already
exists. `-B` overrides this safeguard, resetting `<new-branch>` to
`<branch>`.
--detach::
With `add`, detach HEAD in the new worktree. See "DETACHED HEAD" in
linkgit:git-checkout[1].
-n::
--dry-run::
With `prune`, do not remove anything; just report what it would
remove.
-v::
--verbose::
With `prune`, report all removals.
--expire <time>::
With `prune`, only expire unused worktrees older than <time>.
DETAILS
-------
Each linked working tree has a private sub-directory in the repository's
$GIT_DIR/worktrees directory. The private sub-directory's name is usually
the base name of the linked working tree's path, possibly appended with a
number to make it unique. For example, when `$GIT_DIR=/path/main/.git` the
command `git checkout --to /path/other/test-next next` creates the linked
working tree in `/path/other/test-next` and also creates a
`$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next` directory (or `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next1`
if `test-next` is already taken).
Within a linked working tree, $GIT_DIR is set to point to this private
directory (e.g. `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` in the example) and
$GIT_COMMON_DIR is set to point back to the main working tree's $GIT_DIR
(e.g. `/path/main/.git`). These settings are made in a `.git` file located at
the top directory of the linked working tree.
Path resolution via `git rev-parse --git-path` uses either
$GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR depending on the path. For example, in the
linked working tree `git rev-parse --git-path HEAD` returns
`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/HEAD` (not
`/path/other/test-next/.git/HEAD` or `/path/main/.git/HEAD`) while `git
rev-parse --git-path refs/heads/master` uses
$GIT_COMMON_DIR and returns `/path/main/.git/refs/heads/master`,
since refs are shared across all working trees.
See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for more information. The rule of
thumb is do not make any assumption about whether a path belongs to
$GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR when you need to directly access something
inside $GIT_DIR. Use `git rev-parse --git-path` to get the final path.
To prevent a $GIT_DIR/worktrees entry from from being pruned (which
can be useful in some situations, such as when the
entry's working tree is stored on a portable device), add a file named
'locked' to the entry's directory. The file contains the reason in
plain text. For example, if a linked working tree's `.git` file points
to `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` then a file named
`/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/locked` will prevent the
`test-next` entry from being pruned. See
linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for details.
EXAMPLES
--------
You are in the middle of a refactoring session and your boss comes in and
demands that you fix something immediately. You might typically use
linkgit:git-stash[1] to store your changes away temporarily, however, your
worktree is in such a state of disarray (with new, moved, and removed files,
and other bits and pieces strewn around) that you don't want to risk
disturbing any of it. Instead, you create a temporary linked worktree to
make the emergency fix, remove it when done, and then resume your earlier
refactoring session.
------------
$ git worktree add -b emergency-fix ../temp master
$ pushd ../temp
# ... hack hack hack ...
$ git commit -a -m 'emergency fix for boss'
$ popd
$ rm -rf ../temp
$ git worktree prune
------------
BUGS
----
Multiple checkout support for submodules is incomplete. It is NOT
recommended to make multiple checkouts of a superproject.
git-worktree could provide more automation for tasks currently
performed manually, such as:
- `remove` to remove a linked worktree and its administrative files (and
warn if the worktree is dirty)
- `mv` to move or rename a worktree and update its administrative files
- `list` to list linked worktrees
- `lock` to prevent automatic pruning of administrative files (for instance,
for a worktree on a portable device)
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
|
