From 98257af5a2ad0c5b502ebd07094d9fd8ce87acef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "J. Bruce Fields" Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2007 22:18:55 -0400 Subject: Documentation: move locks.txt in filesystems/ This documentation (about file locking) belongs in filesystems/. Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields --- Documentation/filesystems/locks.txt | 67 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 67 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/filesystems/locks.txt (limited to 'Documentation/filesystems/locks.txt') diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/locks.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/locks.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..fab857accbd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/locks.txt @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + File Locking Release Notes + + Andy Walker + + 12 May 1997 + + +1. What's New? +-------------- + +1.1 Broken Flock Emulation +-------------------------- + +The old flock(2) emulation in the kernel was swapped for proper BSD +compatible flock(2) support in the 1.3.x series of kernels. With the +release of the 2.1.x kernel series, support for the old emulation has +been totally removed, so that we don't need to carry this baggage +forever. + +This should not cause problems for anybody, since everybody using a +2.1.x kernel should have updated their C library to a suitable version +anyway (see the file "Documentation/Changes".) + +1.2 Allow Mixed Locks Again +--------------------------- + +1.2.1 Typical Problems - Sendmail +--------------------------------- +Because sendmail was unable to use the old flock() emulation, many sendmail +installations use fcntl() instead of flock(). This is true of Slackware 3.0 +for example. This gave rise to some other subtle problems if sendmail was +configured to rebuild the alias file. Sendmail tried to lock the aliases.dir +file with fcntl() at the same time as the GDBM routines tried to lock this +file with flock(). With pre 1.3.96 kernels this could result in deadlocks that, +over time, or under a very heavy mail load, would eventually cause the kernel +to lock solid with deadlocked processes. + + +1.2.2 The Solution +------------------ +The solution I have chosen, after much experimentation and discussion, +is to make flock() and fcntl() locks oblivious to each other. Both can +exists, and neither will have any effect on the other. + +I wanted the two lock styles to be cooperative, but there were so many +race and deadlock conditions that the current solution was the only +practical one. It puts us in the same position as, for example, SunOS +4.1.x and several other commercial Unices. The only OS's that support +cooperative flock()/fcntl() are those that emulate flock() using +fcntl(), with all the problems that implies. + + +1.3 Mandatory Locking As A Mount Option +--------------------------------------- + +Mandatory locking, as described in 'Documentation/filesystems/mandatory.txt' +was prior to this release a general configuration option that was valid for +all mounted filesystems. This had a number of inherent dangers, not the +least of which was the ability to freeze an NFS server by asking it to read +a file for which a mandatory lock existed. + +From this release of the kernel, mandatory locking can be turned on and off +on a per-filesystem basis, using the mount options 'mand' and 'nomand'. +The default is to disallow mandatory locking. The intention is that +mandatory locking only be enabled on a local filesystem as the specific need +arises. + -- cgit v1.2.1