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diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7d8680984 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt @@ -0,0 +1,319 @@ +git-svn(1) +========== + +NAME +---- +git-svn - bidirectional operation between a single Subversion branch and git + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +'git-svn' <command> [options] [arguments] + +DESCRIPTION +----------- +git-svn is a simple conduit for changesets between a single Subversion +branch and git. + +git-svn is not to be confused with git-svnimport. The were designed +with very different goals in mind. + +git-svn is designed for an individual developer who wants a +bidirectional flow of changesets between a single branch in Subversion +and an arbitrary number of branches in git. git-svnimport is designed +for read-only operation on repositories that match a particular layout +(albeit the recommended one by SVN developers). + +For importing svn, git-svnimport is potentially more powerful when +operating on repositories organized under the recommended +trunk/branch/tags structure, and should be faster, too. + +git-svn mostly ignores the very limited view of branching that +Subversion has. This allows git-svn to be much easier to use, +especially on repositories that are not organized in a manner that +git-svnimport is designed for. + +COMMANDS +-------- +init:: + Creates an empty git repository with additional metadata + directories for git-svn. The Subversion URL must be specified + as a command-line argument. + +fetch:: + Fetch unfetched revisions from the Subversion URL we are + tracking. refs/remotes/git-svn will be updated to the + latest revision. + + Note: You should never attempt to modify the remotes/git-svn + branch outside of git-svn. Instead, create a branch from + remotes/git-svn and work on that branch. Use the 'commit' + command (see below) to write git commits back to + remotes/git-svn. + + See 'Additional Fetch Arguments' if you are interested in + manually joining branches on commit. + +commit:: + Commit specified commit or tree objects to SVN. This relies on + your imported fetch data being up-to-date. This makes + absolutely no attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it + simply overwrites files with those specified in the tree or + commit. All merging is assumed to have taken place + independently of git-svn functions. + +rebuild:: + Not a part of daily usage, but this is a useful command if + you've just cloned a repository (using git-clone) that was + tracked with git-svn. Unfortunately, git-clone does not clone + git-svn metadata and the svn working tree that git-svn uses for + its operations. This rebuilds the metadata so git-svn can + resume fetch operations. A Subversion URL may be optionally + specified at the command-line if the directory/repository you're + tracking has moved or changed protocols. + +show-ignore:: + Recursively finds and lists the svn:ignore property on + directories. The output is suitable for appending to + the $GIT_DIR/info/exclude file. + +OPTIONS +------- +-r <ARG>:: +--revision <ARG>:: + Only used with the 'fetch' command. + + Takes any valid -r<argument> svn would accept and passes it + directly to svn. -r<ARG1>:<ARG2> ranges and "{" DATE "}" syntax + is also supported. This is passed directly to svn, see svn + documentation for more details. + + This can allow you to make partial mirrors when running fetch. + +-:: +--stdin:: + Only used with the 'commit' command. + + Read a list of commits from stdin and commit them in reverse + order. Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so + git-rev-list --pretty=oneline output can be used. + +--rmdir:: + Only used with the 'commit' command. + + Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left + behind. SVN can version empty directories, and they are not + removed by default if there are no files left in them. git + cannot version empty directories. Enabling this flag will make + the commit to SVN act like git. + + repo-config key: svn.rmdir + +-e:: +--edit:: + Only used with the 'commit' command. + + Edit the commit message before committing to SVN. This is off by + default for objects that are commits, and forced on when committing + tree objects. + + repo-config key: svn.edit + +-l<num>:: +--find-copies-harder:: + Both of these are only used with the 'commit' command. + + They are both passed directly to git-diff-tree see + git-diff-tree(1) for more information. + + repo-config key: svn.l + repo-config key: svn.findcopiesharder + +-A<filename>:: +--authors-file=<filename>:: + + Syntax is compatible with the files used by git-svnimport and + git-cvsimport: + +------------------------------------------------------------------------ +loginname = Joe User <user@example.com> +------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + If this option is specified and git-svn encounters an SVN + committer name that does not exist in the authors-file, git-svn + will abort operation. The user will then have to add the + appropriate entry. Re-running the previous git-svn command + after the authors-file is modified should continue operation. + + repo-config key: svn.authors-file + +ADVANCED OPTIONS +---------------- +-b<refname>:: +--branch <refname>:: + Used with 'fetch' or 'commit'. + + This can be used to join arbitrary git branches to remotes/git-svn + on new commits where the tree object is equivalent. + + When used with different GIT_SVN_ID values, tags and branches in + SVN can be tracked this way, as can some merges where the heads + end up having completely equivalent content. This can even be + used to track branches across multiple SVN _repositories_. + + This option may be specified multiple times, once for each + branch. + + repo-config key: svn.branch + +-i<GIT_SVN_ID>:: +--id <GIT_SVN_ID>:: + This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment). See + the section on "Tracking Multiple Repositories or Branches" for + more information on using GIT_SVN_ID. + +COMPATIBILITY OPTIONS +--------------------- +--upgrade:: + Only used with the 'rebuild' command. + + Run this if you used an old version of git-svn that used + "git-svn-HEAD" instead of "remotes/git-svn" as the branch + for tracking the remote. + +--no-ignore-externals:: + Only used with the 'fetch' and 'rebuild' command. + + By default, git-svn passes --ignore-externals to svn to avoid + fetching svn:external trees into git. Pass this flag to enable + externals tracking directly via git. + + Versions of svn that do not support --ignore-externals are + automatically detected and this flag will be automatically + enabled for them. + + Otherwise, do not enable this flag unless you know what you're + doing. + + repo-config key: svn.noignoreexternals + +Basic Examples +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Tracking and contributing to an Subversion managed-project: + +------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# Initialize a tree (like git init-db): + git-svn init http://svn.foo.org/project/trunk +# Fetch remote revisions: + git-svn fetch +# Create your own branch to hack on: + git checkout -b my-branch remotes/git-svn +# Commit only the git commits you want to SVN: + git-svn commit <tree-ish> [<tree-ish_2> ...] +# Commit all the git commits from my-branch that don't exist in SVN: + git-svn commit remotes/git-svn..my-branch +# Something is committed to SVN, pull the latest into your branch: + git-svn fetch && git pull . remotes/git-svn +# Append svn:ignore settings to the default git exclude file: + git-svn show-ignore >> .git/info/exclude +------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +DESIGN PHILOSOPHY +----------------- +Merge tracking in Subversion is lacking and doing branched development +with Subversion is cumbersome as a result. git-svn completely forgoes +any automated merge/branch tracking on the Subversion side and leaves it +entirely up to the user on the git side. It's simply not worth it to do +a useful translation when the original signal is weak. + +TRACKING MULTIPLE REPOSITORIES OR BRANCHES +------------------------------------------ +This is for advanced users, most users should ignore this section. + +Because git-svn does not care about relationships between different +branches or directories in a Subversion repository, git-svn has a simple +hack to allow it to track an arbitrary number of related _or_ unrelated +SVN repositories via one git repository. Simply set the GIT_SVN_ID +environment variable to a name other other than "git-svn" (the default) +and git-svn will ignore the contents of the $GIT_DIR/git-svn directory +and instead do all of its work in $GIT_DIR/$GIT_SVN_ID for that +invocation. The interface branch will be remotes/$GIT_SVN_ID, instead of +remotes/git-svn. Any remotes/$GIT_SVN_ID branch should never be modified +by the user outside of git-svn commands. + +ADDITIONAL FETCH ARGUMENTS +-------------------------- +This is for advanced users, most users should ignore this section. + +Unfetched SVN revisions may be imported as children of existing commits +by specifying additional arguments to 'fetch'. Additional parents may +optionally be specified in the form of sha1 hex sums at the +command-line. Unfetched SVN revisions may also be tied to particular +git commits with the following syntax: + + svn_revision_number=git_commit_sha1 + +This allows you to tie unfetched SVN revision 375 to your current HEAD:: + + `git-svn fetch 375=$(git-rev-parse HEAD)` + +Advanced Example: Tracking a Reorganized Repository +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +If you're tracking a directory that has moved, or otherwise been +branched or tagged off of another directory in the repository and you +care about the full history of the project, then you can read this +section. + +This is how Yann Dirson tracked the trunk of the ufoai directory when +the /trunk directory of his repository was moved to /ufoai/trunk and +he needed to continue tracking /ufoai/trunk where /trunk left off. + +------------------------------------------------------------------------ + # This log message shows when the repository was reorganized: + r166 | ydirson | 2006-03-02 01:36:55 +0100 (Thu, 02 Mar 2006) | 1 line + Changed paths: + D /trunk + A /ufoai/trunk (from /trunk:165) + + # First we start tracking the old revisions: + GIT_SVN_ID=git-oldsvn git-svn init \ + https://svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/ufoai/trunk + GIT_SVN_ID=git-oldsvn git-svn fetch -r1:165 + + # And now, we continue tracking the new revisions: + GIT_SVN_ID=git-newsvn git-svn init \ + https://svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/ufoai/ufoai/trunk + GIT_SVN_ID=git-newsvn git-svn fetch \ + 166=`git-rev-parse refs/remotes/git-oldsvn` +------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +BUGS +---- +If somebody commits a conflicting changeset to SVN at a bad moment +(right before you commit) causing a conflict and your commit to fail, +your svn working tree ($GIT_DIR/git-svn/tree) may be dirtied. The +easiest thing to do is probably just to rm -rf $GIT_DIR/git-svn/tree and +run 'rebuild'. + +We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable. Too difficult to +map them since we rely heavily on git write-tree being _exactly_ the +same on both the SVN and git working trees and I prefer not to clutter +working trees with metadata files. + +svn:keywords can't be ignored in Subversion (at least I don't know of +a way to ignore them). + +Renamed and copied directories are not detected by git and hence not +tracked when committing to SVN. I do not plan on adding support for +this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all +the possible corner cases (git doesn't do it, either). Renamed and +copied files are fully supported if they're similar enough for git to +detect them. + +Author +------ +Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>. + +Documentation +------------- +Written by Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>. |